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HARVARD  COLLEGE 
LIBRARY 


FROM  THE  BBQUBST  OF 

CHARLES  SUMNER 

CLASS  OP  1830 

Senator  from  Massadmxtts 

FOS  BOOKS  RELATING  TO 
POLinCS  AND  riNB  ASTS 


£4 


dSnnt  ifi^lritiim  if  tjit  SKnrlta  af  Soiimitni  iif  all  'Mum, 

1851. 


OFFICIAL 

DESCRIPTIVE   AND   ILLUSTRATED 

CATALOGUE. 


i^^^S. 


CntmniiBiim. 


/jV  TffJi^E  rOLVMES. 

^  -^  '/ 
VOL  IL 

Section  nl.— MANUFACTURES,  Classes  11  to  29. 

SECnos  IV.— FINE   ARTS,  Class  30. 

COLONIES. 


LONDON: 
SPICER  mtOlnERS,  WEOLESiLE  STATIOSEHS;  V.  CLOTOS  A.\D  SUSS,  PRI.\TE11S: 

3»  NEW  BRIDGE  STREET,  BLACKFRIARS,  AND  AT  THE  EXHIBITION  BVII.DIMl. 


^^^'"^S^S^^^^.^ 


urt^ 


LONDON;  PRINTED  BT  WIIXIAM  CLOWES  AMD  80M8, 

mnrrsRa  to  mm  motax.  oommz««xoii, 

STAMFORD  STREET  AMD  CHARIMO  CROSS. 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  THE  SECOND. 


UNITED  KlNGDOM.-€LABSEa  U  to  30. 


■  It  to  19. 
II.  Cotton 

12  k  15.  Woollen  uid  Woratod 

IS    SilkVelTW  »i>d 

14.  FUx  and  HaiQp 

16-    Lumliua.  Swldlery  and    Unriie*!),  Bo»t«  and 

SlioM.  Skin*.  Fur,  wd  H&ir     .... 
IT.  f^t**-  Printing,  and  Bookbindkig      .     - 
II.  Wvno,  Felted,  and  Laid  Fabrics,  VjeA  and 

Prinl«d  (iacludingDeaigiu)      .... 
n.  Tipoftij,  CarpeU,   Floor-dottu,   Lace,  and 

Embroldviy 

H.  Articla  of  Clothing  for  imiiiBdiata,  penuniLl, 


SI.  CallMj,  Edge  and  Huid  Tooln  .... 
93-  Oownl  Rardware.  including  Locks  and  Orattn 
n.  Worki  iu  Prectoui)  UetkU,  Jairellei;,  &c.     . 


a*.  GlsBa • 69' 

25.  China,  Porroliun,  EwrtbenwaTB,  &c.    .      .      ■        TOB 

26.  Furniture,    Upholatery,     Paper    HangingB, 

Decorative  Cmlings,   Pupiar  Maubd,   and 
Japanned  Oooda 729 

27.  UuDufiictures    in   Minonil    SiibctiutceB,    for 

Building  nr  DodratioQ  ,-.,..       TG3 
-J8.  Hiuiufaclurea   from  Animid    and    Vegelablu 

Subatanees,  notbaingWav,?nDrFelte.l    .       777 

29,  MiBcclluieous  Manti&ctures  and  Small  Witrea      789 

3ect,  IV.— FikbAbts:— Cijss30. 

30.  Sculpture,  Models,  uid  Plastic  Art,  Mosaic  ■. 

Enamels,  &c S19 

Miacellanoout  objects  of  interest  placed  in  the 
Main  Avenue  of  the  Building,  not  cloaaifiod   ,       841 


BBITISH  COLONIES  AND.  DEPENDENCIES. 


Canada  

Cejlon  ...... 

Cbaonel  lalaada    ■ 

Eiat  Indie* 

Eaatem  ArchipaUgo   . 
Falkland  Ulanda    .     .     . 

Oibnltar 

OoldCowtMtd  AahaotM. 
Qnoada 


Halta 943 

Hamitiui 956 

Hontaamt      ......  9Te 

Mewfoundlaad 971 

New  Bnukswick                ....  969 

New  South  Wain                  .      .      .  98B 

NewZwUnd 1000 

Nova  Scotia 9T0 

South  Afiioa 949 

Sooth  Australia 991 

St.  Helena 955 

St.  Eitt'a 9?6 

St.  Tinoant 975 

Trinidad .  973 

Tan  Diaman'a  I^nd 993 

WMtamAfrioa 953 


^^^^^^ 

^^^^^M 

^^f^^^ 

^^^^^^m 

1^^    s.c^m.    g^ 

^H     c..^n.    ^^ 

COTTON. 


INTRODUCTION. 

AiTOTHZB  and  third  Section  of  the  EihiHtion  is  introdnoed  by  this  Class,  which  includea  the  Manuractnre  of 
Cotton.  ThisSection  cuntemplatcs  those  results  uf  human  industry  whidi  natumlly  succeed  to  the  Sections  of 
Raw  Hateri&ls  »nd  Machiaery.  The  substance  to  bo  operated  upon  having  been  considered,  together  with  llie 
mccluuiiaJ  aaBistonoe  neoenary  to  orry  forward  the  proccasea  through  which  it  has  to  pass  in  its  progress 
fnim  the  raw  material  to  the  manufactured  article,  it  now  becomes  an  interesting  study  to  turn  attention  to 
the  product  of  the  industry  occupied  in  the  preceding  departmcnta.  While  objects  in  the  first  Section  may  be 
nr/arded  as  in  a  passive  or  invparatory  Btat«,  objects  in  the  second  must  be  considered  in  an  active,  and  in  the 
third  in  a  complete  condition,  awaiting  only  their  application  to  the  purposes  of  life.  This  condition  generally 
rrodeis  the  articles  contuned  within  tiiie  Section  less  attractive  than  in  the  preceding  and  succeeding  Sections. 
Rij^tly  viewed,  however,  objects  in  this  Section  must  receive  a  degree  of  attentive  consideration  not  inferior  to 
(hat  bestowed  on  the  furmrr.  The  manufactured  article  may  and  should  be  rej^arded  as  the  test  of  the  pei^ 
fection,  Gnrt,  of  the  raw  material  conatituting  its  foundation,  and,  secondly,  of  the  mechanical  arrangements 
co-oneralivc  in  its  pruduction.  If  the  raw  material  has  been  wanting  in  any  of  the  [noperties  for  which  it  ia 
emiiloyod  in  the  preparation,  or  if  the  manufacturing  machinery  has  been  defective  m  operation,  the  manu- 
bctored  article  offers,  in  many  cases,  certain  evidence  of  these  facts.  And,  conversely,  the  purity  and  perfect 
fitnen  of  the  material,  with  a  state  of  efficiency  in  the  manufacturing  machinery,  combine  to  produce  a  certain 
superiority  in  the  manufacture  which  may  bo  generally -ascerttuned  upon  its  mreful  examination. 

TIm:  sulijitt  of  tlie  Claws  more  iminoiiiatcly  under  notice,  the  Cotton  Manufacture,  recfives,  from  its  vast  im- 
(■•natici',  allrsl|ioiuti(iniuiiiin;rmauufacturcilnrticles.  Itcomjiriscs — A.  ('i)ttou,Ynm,n)id Thread;  B.  Calioes, 
Mu-h  ni  Shntinmi,  LiHiu-cli<tbB,  Shirtings,  &c. ;  0.  ("ords  and  ISeaverteens ;  1).  Muslins,  as  Cambric  and 
Jw-nt-t,  tVured,  Striixil,  >Vr. ;  Shawls,  UandlicrchicfR,  &c. ;  K.  Dimities  for  Furniture,  Quilting,  &c. ;  F. 
C.>li>iii:il  \Vi.ven  Coiidn.  Handkerchiefs.  I.iin<:liains,  &c. ;  G.  Olliil  Calicoes,  &c. 

'I'll'-  nutiJ.T  of  Kxliibitoni  in  this  Class  ia  nut  lar;;e,  and  their  prwluctiiiiw  will  lie  fonnd  ffmujieil  li)<:cthcr  in 
Ar.as  I.  .1.  rn.m  1  to  K,  ai  the  North- wcst.Tti  end  of  the  liuildinj:,  on  the  (in>und  fUor,  near  the  Save. 

Viiri..us  iiiulliO"l»  of  manufacture  arc  illustraUil  which  must  rtci'ivu  the  nolice  of  those  concern wl  in  this 
iii.I"'rt.iiil  di-inrli Lieut  of  ci>niiiieicial  activity.  'ITie  fitness  of  wjme  nrticli's,  also,  for  the  i>eculinr  markets  for 
wiii.ii  ih.-y  an-  fjufially  pniflreil  aum;<iils,  even  to  the  casual  olisen'er,  interesting:  n-lli-etions  on  thediirerent 
JpI,!  -\<h\  H'liilitious  of  ("liow  ic.r  whinii  these  articles  are  manufactured.  Iliere  art;  several  new  ap]>iicntions  of 
I-  iti.'ti  t<i  ii'<Ltik'  iiunnveA.  Tlic  most  instructive  {>arts  of  this  collection,  to  lliosc  who  have  Ui>  technical  intcrcs 
ill  ii.  an;  tli^pst-  which  o-Tilain  arranged  t|K.-eimens  in  illustration  of  the  sIi^ks  of  manufacture.  Tlie  n 
lieiiini.f  tlmnil  is  thus  rcpresi-iitui  fniui  the  raw  cotton  to  its  completed  crmditii 
c.r'l'iUy  arran^vl  which  contains  illustrations  of  the  projtress  of  liie  nianufiiclnro 
i,.,ii.  n.ii  t..ihv  linislied  n.'siillK  in  the  coarse  and  fine  dqiarlments  of  the  tnide.  One  of  t lie  wonderful  obji^cta 
oMniii"!  ill  iliis  Cla-ss  is  a  nwuicn  of  muslin  miulu  from  No.  5,408  cotlon-vani,  Mievtsl  to  In;  the  finest  ever 
111*1.-.  llial  iiiaehineTy  rouM  be  Inriusiit  to  the-  dt-jrec  of  delicate  moveniei'it,  and  pr.i-ise  and  accnmte  ailnpt- 
r.ti'^i   |.)  Ilie  sleiidtr  lualerials  of  wliicli  this  muslin  is  comi-osed,  may  well  lie  eonsidead  n  great  industrial 


k'  has  also  lieen 


i)f  the  ciiltjin  m.imifacltirc  in  (ircnt  Britain  jti 
il,  within  Ibf' 


■leral  faets  of  th 
rval  of  time,  i>n)ji"rtioi 


md  n^la 


utai:tiire  may  U-  jusilv  n^arildl  as  nn  evidence  of  the  incehaiiieal  (wjialii lilies  of 
i  i-....iiTitry.  .\  iiitU'  U-lnri' thei'-iiiiiiii-iiciiiieiit  uV  tlie  prewiit  ci-iitury  il  wai  in  il«  inlanry.  Due  liy  one  tho 
■.T'  at  ii,..l.iii.ica!  difiimllii-s  attfiiilinl  ii[«in  its  ].iTservalion  were  resolvcil.  The  Mpiiiniim-fraiiic  «an  su^iin-stdl 
)y  .III  a.ild.'tit,s|>iiinini:  by  niller^  uax  twice  abaniloned,  and  Iluii  siieaWully  aeciiuipliHlicil ;  the  first  niulo 
^■■rk"l  iri  all  a'lie,  the  fint  spiiiiiiiiii-jeimy  in  a  cott^K'.  Haiyrt'avcs  and  Comptun  were  imir  «eav(-r»; 
A.-l;»ri.:l.t  »a»  ii  liirl.r'»  n|iiireniiee.  '!  he  U-:;iniiin:J  ol  this  stui-emli'ns  m.-uiufnetun^  was  truly  iiisi^niilicanl, 
:i:.'!  o4.tr.wt*  wi.ii.l.rfiiliv  nilh  its  jinsenl  jumrimi. 

'1 1-  f"l!..-.iii,L;  Malislic's  f.inii  dat.i  by  whiih  IhiM  manufactuiv  in  it«  |.n-«nl  slate  niny  lie  dulv  eslimale.1  :  — 
T..  -.v.-riji.  annual  imjorls  have  l«in  esHmated  at  alrtul  r,r)0,fMX\0(XI  11«.  wei-ht,  exclusive  of  ili-hietii-ns  for 
-  .[..ftji.  1  'f  ilii^  .[uaiilliy  ,'f(f),0(Kt,0<iO  ll».  are  employed  in  niniiufaelure,  the  annual  value  of  the  raw  nmlerial 
tl,:iii  ii!i|.liiy,.l  \KWi  abuul  U-u  millions  slerlin^,     Akiut  thirteen  uiillioiis  sti'riiu;;  are  luimmlly  j-niil  a»ay  lu 


ill.) 


I  Irjj-si 


0    CAT.M 


480 


CJlass  11.— cotton. 
Arbas  I.  J.  1  to  8. 


r  United 


machinery,  &c.,  for  the  manufacture  of  this  material,  and  about  the  same  amount  in  wages  to  the  |)er8on8 
directly  employed  in  the  factories,  of  whom  the  total  number  is  taken  at  upwards  of  half  a  million,  exclusive 
of  80,000  or  90,000  engineers  and  machinists  immediately  connected  with  the  manufacture.  The  total  annual 
value  of  the  manufactured  material  has  been  approximatively  represented  at  about  thirty-six  millions  sterling. 
The  effect  on  the  populaticm  of  the  manufacturing  districts  has  not  been  less  surprising. 

Although,  therefore,  little  of  external  interest  appears  to  belong  to  a  bundle  of  cotton-yam  or  a  piece  of 
calico,  the  study  of  its  manufacture,  exclusive  of  the  exquisite  mechanism  by  which  it  is  operated  upon,  and 
the  statistical  facts  which  link  themselves  with  its  history,  can  never  be  unptofitable.  The  moral  considerations 
connected  with  cotton  factories  form  a  subject  of  even  higher  interest  and  importance. — R.  £. 


1  Jackson,  Johk,  73  Adam  Square,  Edinburgh — 

Weaver  and  Producer. 

1.  Fine  wool  shawl,  wove  on  the  Spolino  or  loop  prin- 
ciple, to  show  that  this  mode  of  weaving  is  applicable  for 
figured  wool  shawls  of  the  finest  description. 

2.  Fine  wool  long  shawl. 

3.  Edinburgh-made  woven  shawl. 

2  Sandeman,  Hectob,  Tulloch  Bkachfield,  Perth — 

Manufacturer. 
Cotton  and  lawn  printed  handkerchiefifi;  showing  an 
improved  red  colour,  obtained  from  the  stalks  of  the 
BMt  munjithi,  commonly  called  East  Indian  munjeet. 
One  large  bed-coverlet,  in  which  the  colours  of  black,  red^ 
and  chocolate  are  dyed  with  munjeet. 

[The  Rubia  eordifolia,  also  called  Rubia  munjUha,  and 
by  the  natives  of  India  munge^th,  isa  species  of  madder, 
furnishing  a  fine  dye,  much  used  in  the  hill  districts  of 
India.— E.  F.]      

3  Walker,  James  &  Robert,  EarUtown,  Melrose 

— Manufacturers. 
Cotton  ginghams  for  female  dresses,  of  fast  colours; 
hand-loom  wrought;  yard  wide. 

4  PuiXAR,  Robert,  &  Sons,  Perth — Manufsusturers. 

Umbrella  and  fiuicy  ginghams;  handkerchiefe;  and 
woollen  Derries.    

5  AuLD,  Berrib,  &  Mathieson,  Glasgow — 

Manufacturers. 

Book  muslins,  several  pieces,  each  12  yards  long,  39 
inches  wide. 

Several  pieces  of  mull  muslin;  jaconet  muslin;  bishop 
lawn  muslm,  all  of  the  same  dimensions. 

Saocharilla  book  muslin,  several  pieces,  each  16  yards 
long,  45  inches  wide. 

^^latan  book  muslin,  several  pieces,  each  16  yards 
long,  53  inches  wide. 

Saocharilla  mull  muslin,  three  pieces,  each  20  yards 
long,  45  inches  wide. 

Harness  book  muslin,  8  yards  long,  40  inches  wide. 
Harness  book  muslin  curtain,  56  inches  wide,  3|  yards 
long;  80  inches  by  4  yards  long,  and  80  inches  by  4 
yai^  long. 

Leno  book  muslin,  samples  of  27  inches  wide  12  yards 
long.    Harness  book  musUn  curtains. 

6  M 'Bride  &  Co.,  Glasgow — Inventors  and 

Manufacturers. 

Cotton  table-cloths.  Bird's-eye  dii^r  and  huckaback 
towelling.  Furniture  and  jean  stripes.  Ginghams,  clan 
tartans,  and  ootton  galas,  and  Hungarians  and  Derries, 
all  made  by  patent  power-loom. 

Specimens  of  table-cloths  and  tartans,  made  by  the 
lame  loom,  the  weft  being  from  hemp,  as  prepared  by 
Mr.  Elijah  Slock,  of  Redrew,  Scotland,  for  improving 
hemp,  as  a  substitute  for  cotton. 


7         Anderson,  James  &  Alexander,  Glasgot 

Manufacturers. 
Ginghams,  checked  and  striped.      Cra\'ats,   checked 
muslin.     Handkerchiefs,   Turkey-red  ground.     Tartan 
muffler.    Saxonies. 


8  FiNLAYSON,  F.,  &  Co.,  25  Dwidas  Street,  Gla^ow — 

Maniifacturers. 

Coloured  sprig  and  striped  lappet  muslins;  white  and 
coloiu*ed  striped;  coloured  spot;  coloured  satin  striped 
tarlatan;  white  sprig  striped  and  spot  lappet;  coloured 
gauze  striped. 

Lappet  flounced  muslin  dresses. 

9  Lethem,  Bltth,  k  Ijstheh,  Friday  Street,  London; 

49  Virginia  Street,  Glasgow ;  and  Academy  Street, 
Belfast — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  different  fabrics  of  plain  muslins,  woven 
from  the  same  quality  of  yam.      Tamboured  muslins  for 
various  articles  of  dress.     Ginghams  for  dresses. 

10  &  45     Oswald,  Stetenbon,  &  Co.,  Glasgow  and 

Manchester — ^Merchants. 

Cotton  yams,  of  various  colours,  dyed  in  the  west  of 
Scotland,  in  bundles  for  export. 

Cotton  yams,  of  various  qualities  and  fineness,  spim  in 
the  west  of  Scotland,  in  bundles  for  export,  arranged 
according  to  Manchester  classification. 

Water  twist.     Mule  twist.     Fine  yams. 

11  Paterson,  Jamieson,  &  Co.,  58  Dundas  Street, 

Glasgow — Manufeuiturers. 
Ginghams  and  handkerchiefs  of   various  styles  and 
qualities;  fabric  all  cotton,  hand-woven,  or  printed. 

12  TouNO,  J.  H.,  &  Co.,  Glasgow — Manufacturers. 
Fabrics  suited  for  East  India  markets,  consisting  of 

bird-eye  crape,  plain  and  fimcy  net,  book  and  mull  mus- 
lins, Saocharilla  mull,  fine  Swiss  lappets,  white  and 
coloiu^d. 

Fabrics  suited  for  home,  American,  and  continental 
markets: — Picquet  leno,  blue;  plain  amber;  checked 
pink ;  and  striped  green.  Book  muslin  and  Scotch  lawn 
cambric  handkercMefiEi.  Victoria,  bishop,  and  Nainsook 
lawns.  Jaconets.  Swiss  mulls.  India  muUs.  India 
book  muslins;  Swiss  book  muslins.  Tarlatan.  Scotch 
elastic  mull.  Starched  mull.  India  ledger.  Checked 
book ;  striped  book ;  tamboured  book ;  tamboured  jaco- 
net. Lappet  spot.  White  and  pink  spot,  lappet  stripe. 
Loom-sewed  spot,  white  and  sprig,  coloured ;  drees  made 
up  of  the  same,  with  flounces.  Paper  harness  sprig. 
Lappet  sprig,  stripe,  and  colonnade  curtains.  Harness 
leno ;  sprig  and  bordered  book ;  and  others. 

13  Henrt  k  Sons,  81  Buchanan  Street,  Glasgow, 

and  120  Chcapside — Manufikcturers. 

Embroidered  merino  dresses.  Wliite  tambour  muslin 
dresses.  Sprigged  evening  dresses,  embroidered  in  the 
loom.  Specimens  of  plain  linen  ginghams  ;  all  exhibited 
for  quality  and  price. 

In  the  embroidered  merino  dress  marked  A,  there  is 
only  one  repeat  of  the  pattern  from  the  bottom  to  the 
top  of  the  skirt. 


14        Symington,  Robert  B.,  &  Co.,  Glasgoi 

Manufacturers. 
Harness  book  muslin  and  harness  leno  muslin  window- 
curtains,  all  woven  in  the  Jacquard  loom.     The  design  is 
called  the  "Humboldt  pattern,"  composed  of  tropical 
plants  and  flowers. 


.ChLA88  ll.--eOTTON. 

Am^as  I.  J.  1  TO  8. 


181 


liiiftiBriiliMlii  in  Imittttnii-  irf  Ttm^*»^ 


Bfrnimnrnai  diMksd  ootton  ign^gtmnm,  and  elieeked 
•otloo  igivati^  in  Twiom  qnalitits  nod  iIjImi. 

17    Datimoii,  WmiAsft  Jijos,  ft  Oo.^  Ohtsgo»^ 

Mranftkotufsii. 
flafinhMJlh  book-muiUa.  Sootehteriatanmudifi.  Tmei- 
book-mmliiL 


18 


19 


«4 


iosaa 
20 


ftSmn^  GarHtl0  yiiniiliM,iUiriii'H. 
Oatton  diMinuid  ginghamii. 
OoMon  liiiiirla.  Soida  and  robes. 
p,"  StdfM  and  "  aroawTcn."  Ihrad '« aalam- 
QrmMSm.  Beoima.  Twilled  atripea.  "IV 
"" — 9br  htima  oooaamption  and  ezpoftation. 


of  aiz  qnaliiieii^  made  prino^ally 


21 


ft  Co.,  CbrWi/#    ManqfluitaregB. 
ShirtiQg  ali^ei^  and  afciiped  and  ohedced  fiaoy  ging- 


22    JjomraiAa  ft  Pabxsr,  CarHrie    yanufkctoiOT. 

Variatiaa  of  gjnghama,  cheeky  atripea,  poplina^  fte.,  for 
|ho  boaaey  fiite^gn,  and  colonial  maixeta. 


Sampka  of  djed  jFMii. 


24 


J<MU%  ft  Bnomis,  iftffttoi  Jf OZi, 


of  raar  cotton  ;  carded  ootton  ;  different 

of  rorings  ;  throstle  yams  on  bobbins  (patent 
spun) ;  mule  yams  in  cop  and  hank  ;  sewing  thr«uls  in 
hank,  grey  and  bleached,  of  variou»  numbers  in  2,  3,  4, 
6,  and  9  cord.  Thread  and  crochet  cotton  wound  on 
^lools. 

25      Hatthobm,  Jonathan  White,  Nottingham  and 
Trent  MUis,  Burton-cn- Trent — Manufacturer. 

Samples  of  sewing,  knitting,  and  mending  cotton. 

Lisle  thread,  white,  and  coloured,  as  used  by  glove  and 
hoaiery  manufacturers. 

Laos  thread  and  doubled  yams,  as  used  for  making 
and  figuring  Nottingham  lace. 

Prepared  ootton,  white  and  coloured,  as  used  by  silk  and 
ribbon  manufacturers. 


26      Walbb  &  WiNDLKT,  Nottingham — Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  thrown  silk,  used  in  the  manufacture  of 
lace,  hosiery,  and  gloves.  The  produce  of  India,  Italy, 
and  China. 


27  Thacbebat,  John,  &  Sons,  Nottingham — 

Manufacturers. 
Brown  and  white  cotton  gassed  laced  thread.     Cotton 
Lisle  and  dressed  ootton  threads,  in  colours.     Double- 
spun,  or  single  cotton  thread.     Selvage  threads.     Warp- 
eotton-thread,  gassed  and  ungassed;  and  other  varieties. 

28  GaEENHALOB,  RiCHARD,  &  SoNS,  Mansfield— 

Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  doubled  cotton  yams,  as  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  various  descriptions  of  lace,  gloves,   hosiery, 
ribbons,  cloths,  and  for  sewing  and  knitting. 

2'J  HABAia,W,  S.,  Z^ACtff^— Patentee  and  Manufacturer. 
Reels  exhibiting  specimens  of  sewing  cotton,  and  patent 
reels  cmistructed  to  prevent  imposition  as  regards  the 
length  of  ootton  upon  each. 


30    Bawobth  ft  CMiFAifT,  M<MlP<s^--|lalI^^ 
Samplaa  of  aiz-cord  and  other  aewing  cotton. 


81  0'Ck>znaBU^  Jo^edt,  27  8w^  Mam  Strmi,  Chrk— 

Mahnfkctorer. 
^eehnena  of  linen  and  oOtton  ging^Muna. 

82  Claulb,  J.  P.,  King  Street  Mm,  Lehetter— 

Maonfhotnrer* 
Biftent  cmboaaed  wood,  n^tallio  and  other  reela,  coti^ 
taiidi^  Tuiona  iengtha  of  two,  three,  aiz,  and  niiie-cdfd 
aewing  cotton.  Reela  alao  ahown  in  their  diflinreni  atagea 
of  maanfactnre,  from  the  ron^^  haael  wood  and  matelto 
the  highly-finished  reels. 

33       Btahs,  WAI.TBB,  ft  Co.,  l>arkp  Jftftty,  Der^jf-^ 


Sewing  cotton  of  variona  kinds^  made  vp  In  dUfaranl 
Ibinna  for  use. 

34       Ratguff,  KrB.|  Waltham  JUbey^Vtoinmr, 
White  knitted  oounterpanea. 

85  Baklow,  Qooiddt,  ft  Jombs,  .go/loi»— Mannfhctnwpi. 
Pieoea  of  figured  cpiilting  Teatinff ;  whike  quilting  bed- 
cover, commonly  called  toilet  quuta;  coloiued  qmlUng 
bed-cover;  and  white  welted  bed-cover,  w#Brt  quilta. 

86  BohLim,  W.,  ft  Co.,  PleaOey  WMi,  tamMmgfield, 

Nottmgham  Minnltaliireri  ' 
Merino,  Caahmere,  and  ootton  hoaieij  jam.  The  ain- 
gle  and  two-threads  are  used  in  the  midland  counti«l  in 
the  manufisusture  of  hosiery,  and  tiie  three-threada  are 
genenlly  bon^t  for  the  Continent  for  knittings!,  sad 
applied  to  hosieiy  purposes  there. 

87  Mabtxii,  WnxiAK,  ft  Son,  Sotto»— Maanfiwtnrera. 

Damaak  diced  and  plahi  finniturs  dimity,  fine  bedi^ 
hsngings,  cnrtaina,  ftc. 

38  Co(«,  W.  W.  ft  J.,  lAtUe  Lofton— HanufiMturers. 
Cut  brocade  muU,  flounced  dreaa,  white,  for  ladies. 
Plaited  brocade  quilting  skirts,  white.     Plaited  brocade 

skirts,  white. 

Welted  brocade  skirts,  white.  Brocade  stripe.  Cut 
brocade  mull,  in  the  piece,  white. 

39  Myersoough,  Steel,  &  Co.,  Bolton — ^Manufacturers. 
Counterpane — bed-cover.      Quilting    bed-cover,    com- 
monly called  toilet-quilt.      Flue  diamond  quilting,  for 
waistcoats. 

40  Barnes,  Thomas,  Famtoorth  Cotton  Mills,  Bolton — 

Manufacturer. 

White  Polynesian  swansdown,  combining  fineness  of 
back  with  considerable  thickness  of  substance. 

Piece  of  moleskin  in  different  stages,  illustrating  the 
progressive  method  of  raising,  dyeing,  printing;  and 
fiuishing  a  substitute  for  low  woollen  cloths. 

Piece  of  printed  moleskin,  pattern  designed  and  regis* 
tered  by  the  exhibitor;  printed  by  John  Jackson  &  Co., 
Manchester,  and  finished  by  John  Whitehead's  (of  Elton) 
patent  process  of  raising  and  finishing  after  dyeing  and 
printing.  

41  Cross,  J.,  Bolton — Manufacturer. 
Twilled  long-cloth  and  shirting. 

42  SuDWORTH,  Josiah,  Z^orton— Manufacturer. 
Coimterpane,  exhibited  for  weaving. 

43  Waters,  J.  &  Co.,  Fountain  Street,  Manchester-^ 

Manufacturers. 
Small  wares,  knitting  and  reel  cotton,  ribbon  wire, 
webbing,  tapes,  fringes,  cotton-laces,  bindings,  &c. 

44  Chrioty  &  Sons,  Fairfield  Mills,  near  Mancfiester^ 

Manufacturers. 
Royal  Turkish  bath-towels. 

The  novelty  consists  in  the  absorbing  power  of  the 

2  Q  2 


482 


Class  11.— COTTON. 
Areas  I.  J.  1  to  8. 


[United 


surface,  having  a  plush  or  looped  surface  on  both  sides, 
and  in  the  patent  mode  by  which  this  is  accomplished  on 
one  or  both  sides.  The  great  sofkness  of  tne  cotton 
surface  adepts  it  peculiarly  for  young  children.  The 
advantages  of  cotton  towelling  have  been  long  appre- 
ciated in  the  Eastern  baths.  The  linen  nap  or  plush 
affords  equal  absorbency,  and  produces  a  sharper  feeling 
to  the  skin,  whilst  the  retaining  of  the  cottnn  groimd 
gives  a  pliancy  of  material  which  has  long  been  a  deside- 
ratum in  towelling  with  a  sharp  rough  surface.  Produced 
by  ''  Holt's  Bfttent."  The  texture  is  applicable  to  shawls, 
counterpanes,  and  other  articles. 

40  Walker,  William,  13  Mar8den*8  Square, 

Mtmc/iester — Manu£Eu;turer. 
Cotton  cloth,  vrith  specimens  in  imitation  of  woollen 
broad  cloth,  havers,  Witneys,  &c. 

47  Cross,  C,  &  Co.,  Corporation  Street,  Manchester — 

Manufacturers  and  Joint  Patentees. 

Very  wide  doeskins,  plushed  on  one  side,  and  on  both 
sides;  lambskin;  shoe  linings;  white  twill;  dyed  cord; 
striped  everlasting. 

Specimens  of  various  articles  of  wearing  i^yparel,  with- 
out seams,  produced  by  the  exhibitors'  patent  machinery. 

48  JoHNBOK,  Jabez,  44  Spring  Oardens,  Manchester — 

Manufacturer. 
White  and  coloured  figiu^  wove  quilting  for  vests. 
White  diamond  quilting  for  vests. 
White  and  coloured  bed-covers. 
White  and  coloured  toilette  covers. 


49  3(ajor  &  OiLL,  49  Cannon  Street,  Manchester — 

Manufacturers. 
Patent  double  coutils  and  nankeen  for  stays,  consisting 
of  two  cloths  woven  together,  and  stitched,  during  the 
process  of  weaving,  at  any  interval  of  space  required  for 
the  various  patterns  of  stays. 

50  Glovkr  &  DuNN^  Manchester-^'Manyjiactuietn. 
Calicoes,  &c.,  with  examples  of  cotton  in  various  stages 

of  manufacture.     India  jaconets.     Cambric  of  various 
qualities. 

Fine  power-loom  shirtings,  finished  in  imitation  of  linen, 
having  140  by  160  threads  in  the  square  inch. 


61        Walmslbt,  Henrt,  Fir  Mills,  Failsurorth,  near 

Manchester —  Importer. 

Table-cloth  manufactured  by  power.  Materials — Ist, 
silk,  in  colours;  2nd,  silk  and  worsted,  in  colours;  Si'd, 
cotton  and  worsted,  in  colours;  4th,  cotton  only,  in 
colours.  In  the  centre  is  a  view  of  the  "Exhibition 
Building,"  80  inches  vride,  110  long,  from  the  official 
design  by  Paxton,  with  emblematic  borders  representing 
Peace  and  Commerce  with  the  nations;  and  a  procession 
displaving  the  costumes  of  Europe,  Asia»  Africa,  and 
America,  en  route  to  the  Exhibition. 

Specimens  of  figured  weaving  by  power,  in  different 
fabrics. 

Woven  picture,  in  silk  and  in  cotton,  of  the  "  Exhibi- 
tion Builmng,"  with  emblematic  borders;  imitation  of 
engraving. 

Goose's  patent  Jaoquard  machine  for  producing  table- 
cloths. 


52  Spencer,  John,  k  Son,  Marriotts  Court,  Manchester 
— Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Cotton,  white  woven,  fig^ured  summer  bed-quilt,  quilted 
in  the  loom. 

Cotton,  coloured  woven,  figured  bed-quilt. 

Cotton,  coloured  woven,  figured  Dresden  bed-quilt, 
quilted  in  the  loom. 

Cotton,  figured  quilting  hangings,  for  beds  or  windows; 
a  new  application  of  the  mbric  to  this  use. 

Quilting  waistcoatings:  white  quilting  figured  waist- 
coat; and  coloured  woven  quilting  waistcoat — ^figured  in 
the  loom. 


53  Bazlet,  Thomas,  Manchester — Manufacturer. 

Case,  containing  illustrations  of  the  transition  progress 
of  the  manufacture  of  cotton,  from  the  raw  material  to 
the  finished  results,  in  the  coarse  and  fine  departments  of 
the  trade. 

[No.  1  in  the  case  is  a  sample  of  New  Orleans  cotton; 
No.  2,  blown  or  cleaned  cotton;  No.  3,  first  carded;  No. 
4,  second  carded;  No.  5,  drawing  roving;  Nos.  6,  7,  and 
8,  rovings;  Nos.  9,  10,  11,  and  12,  cope  and  hanks,  mule 
yams,  No.  1  to  60;  Nos.  13  and  14,  throstle-yam,  Nos. 
10  and  30;  Nos.  15  and  16,  shuttle  cop-mule  yam,  Nos. 
30  and  120;  Nos.  17  and  18,  hosiexy  yam,  Nos.  5  and  50; 
Nos.  19  and  20,  threefold  sewing-thread,  Nos.  20  and  40; 
Nos.  21  and  22,  white  and  printed  calico;  Nos.  23  and 
24,  white  and  printed  fustian;  No.  25,  Sea  Island  cotton; 
No.  26,  blown  or  cleaned  cotton;  No.  27,  first  carded; 
No.  28,  second  carded;  No.  29,  drawing  roving;  Nos.  30 
to  34,  rovings ;  Nos.  35  to  37,  mule-yam,  in  cops  and  hanks, 
Nos.  200,  400,  and  600;  No.  38,  cn^pe-yam.  No.  100; 
No.  39,  lace  thread,  two-fold.  No.  200;  No  40,  sewing- 
thread,  three-cord.  No.  200;  No.  41,  sewing-thread,  six- 
cord.  No.  400;  No.  42,  sewing-thread,  nine  cord.  No. 
600;  Nos.  43  to  45,  white,  printed,  and  figured  Scotch 
muslin;  Nos.  46,  47,  and  48,  white,  printed,  and  figured 
lace.]  

54  HoULDSwoRTH,  Thos.,  &  Co.,  Little  Lever  Street, 

Manchester — Cotton  Spinners. 

Specimens  of  fine  cotton  yam,  and  of  doubled  yam,  or 
fine  cotton  lace  thread,  arranged  in  segmental  compart- 
ments. 

Specimens  of  the  same  Nos.  of  yam,  and  of  thread,  in 
han 


pec; 
ks. 


55  Johnson,  Rorbrt,  &  Nephew,  95  Wailing  Street — 

Importers. 

Book-muslin  for  curtains,  figured  in  the  Jacquard  loom; 
the  same,  new  design,  palm  and  plantain  tree  alternate. 

Leno  muslin,  figured. 

Swiss  manufacture,  for  curtains,  embroidered  on  book- 
muslin;  the  same,  on  British  net. 

InfBaif  s  long  robes,  and  girl's  frock,  embroidered. 

56  Bradbury,  Oreatorex,  &  Beau^  6  Aldermanbury 

— Proprietors. 
Specimens  of  window  curtains. 

57  Lincoln  &  Bennett,  2  Sackville  Street,  Piccadilly,  and 
58  Union  St.,  Borough — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Hats  vrith  calico  foundation.     Drab  hats  for  India,  &c. 
Chess-table,   &c.,  made  of  prepared  calico,   turned, 

carved,  japanned,  &c.,  in  imitation  of  grained  wood. 

58  RooBts,  LowRET,  HoLVLAND,  &  Co.,  91  Wutling 

Street — Proprietors. 
Muslins     manufactured    in    Scotland,    denominated 
"Books,"  Swiss,  Tarlatan,  Nainsook,  Mull,  and  Scotch 
cambric.  

59  Mair,  Son,  &  Co.,  60  Friday  Street,  London,  and  163 

Ingram  Street,  Olasgow, 

Patent  muslin  window  curtains,  figured  in  the  loom. 
The  pattern  and  execution  are  obtained  at  reduced  coat 
by  a  new  arrangement  of  the  Jacquard  loom. 

Leno  window  curtain. 

Samples  of  muslin  dresses,  figured  in  the  loom. 

Specimen  of  the  finest  plain  muslin,  manufieM;tured  from 
No.  5408  cotton  vam,  spun  by  T.  Houldsworth,  Man- 
chester.   Bleached  by  Jonn  Wallace  and  Co. 

Scotch  needle  and  tambour  work,  including  embroidered 
merino  and  muslin  dresses. 

Printed  flannels,  twilled  bandannas,  and  cambric  hand- 
kerchiefii.  

60  HoRROCKSES,  Miller,  k  Co.,  9  Bread  Street 

— Manufacturers. 
Long  cloths  and  twilled  shirtings. 


■4   . 


Ammab  L  J.  1  to  8. 


«Bi 


61 


HEHrottftsiiis* 
diovlDff  ili  ftdmlatkni  fer  irinArir  diwninrtftoin, 
and  by  wwwhlnw  and  Uoeka. 


and  oottoB  ilmniMrlnr     Bufthi  bvoeadw 


63     ]CABiE.A]IB^801l,ft00.,JH<^i(ii^i'l(l^^ 

Jfaiicta<ir^~Manii£M)taeis. . 
Oooiioi  and  aeidng  cotton. 


Pkodiioan, 
fl^»eoimana  of  aoiled  and  frded  aalinBy  &jtd,  and 

65       AuMH,  n,,  SaohfUU  Street,  DMbUi^2rodx»o«. 
I!E«e  labour  ooltoB  gooda. 


mitMkf  oiHiSm  oooneby,  it  »agr  ni9t  ba 
ta  Msa  a  tapid  i^anoa  ad  ila  Uatoiy  and 
UfawofOijofiaBM^  tiiattbanHBa  <'Oot- 
Maa  ''Oolnol»''ibstfiAkblagb«a 
ta  tba  Ifaiifc  alolUng  fiAiob  WW  poi  iipoB  a&an; 
ii  laaaoB  to  balkva»  ibai  tbk  flMo  mn  an^ 
fioiyid  fo  ibai  poxpoaa  in  tba  BMt^  ad  a  my  nmoto 
na  «' ftna  Ifnan**  of  JB^Sjpl  k  aa^toemaisr  andanl; 
I  ''ftna  ooMott''  of  India  lirala  ft  in  anticpdfy, 
andvUHlj.    fha  micwiaoopie  oanHnination  of  tfia 
of  ^»a  Uiki^  iwMBify  mada  in  ofdar  to  da- 
of  nuanmj-olotb  (wbkh  ia  nnqnaa- 
iianably  Ifna^  baa  piwrad  ibai  ib^  an  aventiaUj 
in  tem;  iba  fihraa.of  linan  bab^  egrlindrioal 
ai  aaob  and,  and  iba  ttbfoa  of  ootion  baing 


tba  Hfndooa,  from  wlioai  wa  daiiTa  iba  knowladga  of 
'  fltoN^  bara  noi  onJ^fniada  ootton  dotb  from 
moriat  batbafaaxoalladallotbarnailonaavan 
toMidny,  bibadalioafljofibeirfrbiioa.    Harodoioi 
~  na  ii  aa  iba  iMimwmH  wutirftig  <«  Tn^ffa.  and  it  k 

of  by  Aifian  and  Siraboaa  wall  known.  GofeloiM 
aiiidaa  of  trade  and  of  dreas  in  RuaBia  in  1252;  and 
genendly  lued  by  the  Chinese  in  1316.  Ck>tton 
cloth  WM  brooght  to  London  in  1590,  from  Benin;  and 
it  was  aaoortained  about  a  century  previouB,  to  have  been 
the  diief  article  of  drefls  among  the  Mexicans.  Its  manu- 
CKtoze  was  originally  brought  to  Europe  by  the  Moors  of 
Spain;  but  it  was  not  till  after  the  establishment  of  their 
oofnmaroe  with  India,  that  the  Dutoh  began  to  fabricate 
cotton  cloths  at  home.  The  Protestants,  driyen  by  perse- 
eotion  from  the  Netherlands,  brought  this  manufacture 
to  Kngfand  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth. 

Oar  ordinary  cotton  fiibrics  haye  their  counterpart  in 
tbe  original  manufactures  of  India;  and  the  native  mus- 
lins of  Dacca  in  Bengal  still  rival  the  productions  of  the 
azquinte  machinery  of  England.  The  former  have  ob- 
tained their  superiority  from  the  skill  acquired  by  manual 
dazlarity  transmitted  through  a  long  lapse  of  ages;  the 
latter,  firom  that  of  little  more  than  half  a  century  of  well- 
axardaed  merhaniral  ingenuity.  The  various  kinds  of 
cotton  fidirics  brought  from  India,  were  originally  distin- 
gnialfted  by  the  names  of  the  places  where  they  were  made ; 
as,  jaconets,  mullmuls,  betelles,  tarlatans,  tanjeebs, 
bvkea,  terridams,  doreas,  &c.  Imitations  of  these  by 
oar  manufactursrs  retain  their  names ;  and  additions 
and  changes  are  made  according  to  the  improvemente  in- 
trodooed. 

Tbe  two  great  emporiums  of  the  cotton  manufacture 
are  Manrheater  and  Glasgow;  the  former  having  Bolton 
for  its  aasiBtant,  in  the  production  of  muslins  and  the 
finer  sort  of  goods;  and  the  latter.  Paisley.  Both  these 
dties  have  risen,  in  consequence  of  the  wealth  produced 
by  tbair  manufactures,  from  the  position  of  third-rate 
towns,  and  known  only  by  historical  associations,  to  the 


noik  of  being  aaoond  in  iba  ^^afgiam,  and  bonomabla 
livabi  in  magnitoda  and  importnoa.  fba  paiianHSKda 
of  Manoiieatar  gooda  wblob  baifa  baaa  aeni  ovnr  to  iba 
Conlinoni  by  aoma  aminent  manufrotaran^  bava  ai  timea 
aodiiblted  apacdmena  of  1^500  diiforant  kinda  of  ooitaii 
maBofroiaia,  yaiying  in  fabirio  and  daiigny  from  iba 
ooafaeat  doth  to  iba  finaat  mnalina;  andin  oolonn,  from 
iba  liahaatdiista  to  the  pkinaai  gooda.  Tbaiann^'lfHa* 
diaaiar  and  OkigQwr  Waiahooaay''  aibiUiad  on  a  tigBr 
board  in  London  and  olbar  iowna  in^tidaooantry,  indl- 
oataa  iliat  all  kinda  of  ootton  gooda  ara  to  ba  obtdnad  of 
iba  exhibitom. 

Thia  .ganaral  name  of  calico  baa  baan  iqppliad  to  ibfe 
plain  wliito  doth  mannfantnged  fkom  ootton^  ftcm  iba 
ebeomatanoa  of  tbia  artida  having  ba«i  ftrat  in^oftad 
from  GaUeni^  in  1631,  tiia  plaoa  of  ita  origfaial  and  prind- 
pd  mannfrctora.  Aa  calico  inoraaaea  in  ita  quality  and 
atreogthy  it  k  oallad  long-dotb,  dnofc,  and  donbla  waiyl 
OaliooHibirting  or  twine-dotb  li  made  to  indtata  and 
au^araada  linen;  and  in  patant-twiaty  iba  yam  ia  mova 
doaalyantwinad  than  in  oonunon  calico.  8hanting-oaUoo| 
aa  its  name  impUaa,  is  a  anbatitnto  for  linan-dieatSag,  and 
ia  prafiBmbla  on  aooonni  of  its  cfaaapnaaa  and  warmtii. 
Printed  calicoes,  or  prints,  at  first  the  imitations  of  thoaa 
of  India,  are  now  produced  in  patterns  of  an  indefinite 
variety  every  year.  Calicoes  are  frequently  impregnated 
with  a  made  paste  of  spoiled  flour  called  "  the  dressing," 
which  renders  it  difficult  to  ascertain  their  quality.  This 
dressing  is  given  merely  to  improve  their  appearance. 

The  peculiar  style  of  printed  calico,  called  chintz,  ori- 
ginally from  India,  and  in  which  the  figures  are  at  least 
of  five  different  colours,  impressed  upon  a  white  or 
coloured  ground,  are  now  made  by  our  own  manufac- 
turers with  great  success,  aa  to  beMity  of  design  and 
richness  of  colour.  The  invention  and  the  drawing  of 
patterns  for  printing  alone  gives  employment  to  artists 
of  a  peculiar  class;  and  the  variety  produced  is  immense, 
in  order  to  satisfy  the  perpetual  demand  for  change  pro- 
duced by  fashion. 

It  is  to  the  production  of  fine  muslins,  that  the  chief 
efforte  of  our  cotton  manufacturers  have  been  directed, 
with  a  view  to  excel  the  wonderfully  delicate  and  light 
fabrics  of  India.  It  is  stated  that  the  turbans  of  some 
of  the  rich  Mohammedans  at  Delhi  were  made  of  muslin 
so  fine  that  thirty  ells  did  not  weigh  four  ounces;  and 
that  some  of  their  broad  webs  might  be  drawn  through  a 
ring  of  moderate  size,  the  tissue  being  so  exquisite  that 
it  seemed  more  like  the  work  of  insects  than  of  men,  re- 
sembling in  the  language  of  Elastem  hyperbole,  "the 
woven  wind.'*  The  threads  of  a  specimen  of  this  manu- 
facture in  the  Museum  of  the  East  India  Company,  when 
examined  with  the  microscope,  were  found  though  spun 
only  by  the  distaff  and  spindle,  to  sxirpass  our  machine- 
made  muslin  in  fineness,  but  to  be  inferior  in  regularity. 
Twenty  yards  of  the  yam  of  which  this  muslin  was  made 
weighed  only  a  grain;  and  a  pound  of  it  would  have 


484 


Class  11.— COITON. 
Areas  I.  J.  1  to  8. 


reached  the  length  of  115  miles.  In  England  yam  has 
been  spun  so  fine,  that  a  pound  would  extend  to  167 
miles  in  length;  but  this  could  not  be  woven  by  our 
machinery.  The  price  of  the  Dacca  muslin  has  been,  when 
brought  to  this  country,  from  10  to  IQ  guineas  per  yard. 
By  the  employment  of  machinery,  and  the  division  of 
labour,  we  are  enabled  to  produce  muslin  much  cheaper 
than  the  Hindoos,  and  even  of  finer  texture;  but  their 
muslin  is  richer,  softer,  and  more  durable,  and  still 
maintains  its  reputation.  The  same  may  be.said  of  their 
calicoes,  ginghams,  and  chintsses,  which  form  the  staple 
conmiodity  of  the  Circars.  Though  nearly  driven  out  of 
the  European  markets  by  cheap  and  successful  imitations, 
they  are  still  preferred  in  the  East,  where  the  merchants 
consider  that  they  are  able  to  distinguish  by  the  touch, 
and  even  by  the  smell,  the  genuine  productions  of  the 
Indian  loom. 

Varieties  of  muslin  are  jaconet,  a  light  kind  of  muslin, 
open  and  soft,  but  stouter  than  the  mull :  the  name  is 
supposed  to  be  a  corruption  of  Jaghemout,  the  place 
where  they  were  made;  it  is  used  for  dresses,  neckcloths, 
'ftc«  Nainsook  is  a  thicker  sort  of  jaconet,  plain  and 
striped.  Mull  muslin  is  a  very  thin  and  soft  kind,  used 
for  dresses,  trimmings,  &c.  Seerhand  is  between  nain- 
sook and  mull,  and  particularly  adapted  for  dresses, 
retaining  its  clearness  after  washing.  Buke  muslin  is  a 
plain  clear  kind,  woven  for  working  in  the  tambour. 
Foundation  muslin  is  open-worked,  used  for  stiffening 
dresses  and  bonnets.  Leno  is  thinner  and  clearer  than 
buke  muslin;  a  sort  of  cotton  gauze,  used  for  window 
blinds.  Cambric  Tnimlin  ig  an  imitation  of  cambric,  a 
linen  fabric;  it  is  sometimes  glazed,  white  and  coloured 
for  linings,  and  twilled,  figured,  striped,  or  corded.  Cord 
and  fancy  checks,  are  cambric  muslins  with  stripes  and 
cords  placed  chequer-wise,  by  thick  threads  being  intro- 
duced into  the  warp  or  weft.  Figured  muslins  are 
wrought  in  the  loom  to  imitate  the  tamboured  muslins, 
which  are  embroidered  by  hand  on  the  tambour.  Glasgow 
is  the  chief  seat  of  the  tamboured  muslins.  Of  cotton 
cambric  there  are  two  kinds;  that  used  for  dresses,  white 
or  printed,  made  chiefly  in  Lancashire ;  and  that  used  for 
the  same  purposes  as  French  cambric,  made  chiefly  in 
Qlasgow. 

Cotton  damasks,  huckabacksy  and  diapers,  are  made  in 
imitation  of  articles  of  the  same  name  in  linen;  they  are 
cheaper,  but  less  durable  in  fabric  and  in  whiteness. 
Cotton  ticks  are  plain  and  twilled,  in  imitation  of  linen 
ticks;  and  there  is  a  kind  called  union  tick,  composed  of 
linen  and  cotton.  Gingham  is  a  thin  chequered  cotton. 
Coimterpanes,  a  oomipiion  of  counterpoint,  have  small 


protuberances  arranged  according  to  various  patterns. 
ICarseilles  quilts  are  more  elegant  than  the  former;  it  is 
a  double  cloth,  with  a  third  of  softer  material  between, 
kept  in  its  place  by  the  quilting  done  in  the  loom.  Cotton 
quilting  is  made  for  waistcoat-pieces,  resembling  diaper. 
Jean  is  a  twilled  cotton,  both  striped  and  white.  Satin 
jeans  are  woven  like  satin,  with  a  smooth  glossy  surface, 
and  are  used  for  stays,  shoes,  &c.  Dimity,  an  article  well 
known,  is  made  striped  or  plain;  now  much  used  for 
curtains.  Fustian  is  a  coarse  twilled  cotton,  compre- 
hending several  varieties,  as  corduroy,  jean,  velveret, 
velveteen,  thickset,  thickset  cord,  and  other  stout  cloths 
for  men's  wearing  apparel.  Common  plain  fustian  is 
called  pillow;  when  of  a  strong  twilled  texture,  and 
cropped  before  dyeing,  it  Ib  called  moleskin;  and  when 
shorn  after  dyeing,  it  is  called  beaverteen. 

Cotton  goods,  particularly  the  finer  fiU^rics,  as  muslins 
and  bobbin-net  laoe,  are  subjected  to  a  process  by  which 
the  downy  fibres  of  the  web  as  it  comes  from  the  loom 
are  removed,  and  the  fabric  is  presented  in  a  more 
finished  state  of  manufacture.  This  process  formerly 
consisted  in  passing  the  web  in  its  whole  width  rapidly 
over  and  near  to  the  upper  surface  of  a  semi-cylindrical 
piece  of  red-hot  iron  placed  horizontally,  by  which  the 
fibres  projecting  from  the  surface  were  consumed  in  a 
moment,  while  the  fabric  itself  passed  unhurt  over  the 
burning  mass.  Had  the  machinery  by  which  this  was 
effected  been  suddenly  stopped  before  Uie  web  was  raised 
from  its  perilous  position,  the  whole  would  have  been 
enveloped  in  flames. 

This  method  of  singeing  muslin,  which  was  practised 
at  Glasgow  and  in  Lancashire,  has  been  in  some  factories 
superseded  by  Hall's  patent  process,  which  consists  in 
the  application  of  gas  to  effect  the  same  purpose  as  the 
red-hot  iron.  The  latter  is  replaced  by  a  tube  similarly 
placed,  and  perforated  in  its  upper  side  with  niunerous 
small  holes  as  jets  through  which  the  gas  passes.  When 
the  gas  is  ignited,  the  muslin  is  passed  rapidly  over  the 
flame  in  a  manner  similar  to  that  already  mentioned. 
Improvements  were  introduced  into  this  process  by  the 
patentee,  by  which  a  draught  of  air  is  created  over  the 
series  of  jets  when  acting  as  burners;  and  the  web  being 
then  rapidly  passed  over  these  burners,  the  air  forces 
the  flame  of  the  gas  through  the  interstices  of  the  fabric, 
and  all  the  loose  and  projecting  fibres  of  the  thread  com- 
posing the  web  are  instantaneously  consumed  as  before, 
without  in  the  least  injuring  its  substance  or  texture. 
The  application  of  this  process  creates  the  distinction 
between  gassed  and  ungassed  goods. — R.  W.] 


VOOUEH  ASH  WORSTED. 


IKTKODtJCTION. 

■  Chaw  vUA  an  ben  vnitod  iepKba  us  m>  tmtod  in  oaueqiiegMe  of  Um  pcMtfaal  diffionltiw  MtaidMit 
nan  AHr«pHatknb(ing  ngmttM  tonndaritadViMdMentbtr  to  indiide  the  ol^feeti  amlnoed  l;  belk 
dUaH  Bidv  aM  gvcnl  midoo.    Tbo  sunnbotam  at  woollot  and  wonted  goodt  «mi  icaraaly  bs  oonaideMft. 


B  In  thatof  oattan,aniil 


III  CImh  11  there  an  little  n 


B  Own  rixtf 


•nkoM  fa  fte  famar  CbM  I7  K      ,      „  . 

^■■M,  te'flMXhdtedCb^M*,  12  tad  16,  Aen  araaboatfive  hmidred.  Thia  di^n^ovtioti  ia  tendered  in  pwt' 
aaea^itaUa  tnr »  doaer  examinatkn  of  the  CatakigDe,  when  it  will  he  found  that  the  great  u^ori^  <H  11m 
BdUtea  in  Claaa  11  (Gottoa  UanuiEMtiuva)  are  fMUjiprodnoers  of  the  matariala  tbe^  d%li7,  wfaenas  in  Qm^ 
|Maat  Chaaa  manj  an  produoeia,  but  »  vei;  large  janmbK  are  liiiiplf  proprieton,  or,  in  the  oonuiianlal 
ipbU,  Taateaof  aneh  materials— a  daaa  of  penuu  elwan  nmnerically  neater  than  the  preoedinK.  * 

CliH  13  MDbtaeea  the  foUowing  cabdiTuioDa : — A.'  Brnui  Clothi ;  B.  Narrow  Cloths :  0.  Fhuuiel ;  D. 
Bhakata;  S.  Woolkn  CUaddng ;  F.  Betgee;  G.  Tartana;  H.  Wonted  Sttiff  Qooda;  I.  Woolen,  WontaC' 
Atoata.  Mrf  Mohair  YanaT^ 

'  Ctai  15  fadiidca  ndxed  ftbrica  and  dtawla  imder  tbe  inhdiTisions— A.  Uized  Wem  rabrica,  nich  m 
CbMm,  aOk,  nd  UtMD  Wapa :  and  B.  Shawla,  woren  and  printed. 

Tlw  poaHnn  in  Om  BnUttiog  of  the  artidea  inolnded  in  tbeee  ClaaMa  ia  ^OMtally  in  the  8onth  Tranaipt 
GaOeiy,  and  on  the  Ground  FioOT,  on  the  left  baud,  or  South  ride  (proceeding  westward),  near  tlie  western 
terminalioii  of  the  Nave.  In  the  latter  &re  arranged  the  cloths,  worsted  slpeca,  and  mohair  goods ;  shawls,  &o., 
■n  diaftayed  in  the  Gallery,  and  extend  through  Areaa  10  to  17.  From  the  delicacy  of  their  nature  sod 
cokmn  they  are  incloeed  in  glnsa  caais,  the  artistic  arrangement  of  which  gives  a  pleasing  character  to  this  part 
of  the  Gallery. 

The  gmt  manufacturing  localities  for  goods  contained  in  these  Classes  are  Chippenham,  Frome,  and  Brad- 
ford, in  Willi ;  Wootton-nnder  Edge,  Stroud,  Leeds,  Huddersficld,  and  Halifai ;  Galashiels,  Hawick,  and 
Selkirk,  are  localities  in  which  particular  descriptions  of  wool  and  narrow  clothe  are  produced.  Blankets  are 
manufacture  chiefly  at  Witney,  Dewsbury,  and  Oakhamplon.  Flarmel  is  produced  in  large  quantities  in  the 
Principality,  also  at  Hocbdale  and  Stroud.  Tartans  form  a  charBcCeriatic  manufacture  of  several  northern 
towitt.  But  the  town  of  liradford  presents  the  most  conspicuous  example  of  a  locality  deriving  a  lar^  share 
of  proqierily  from  the  production  of  a  peculiar  description  of  goods — the  worsted  stuff  goods.  In  1801,  thia 
town  had  a  popalaticn  of  about  6,400,  which,  in  thirty  years,  had  multiplied  to  upwards  of  23,000,  and  ba» 
aiDoe  increased  even  more  rapidly.  This  ia  duo,  in  a  great  measure,  to  the  extraordinary  success  which  haa 
altmded  the  manufacture  of  miied  fabrics,  and  especially  of  worsted  stuff  goods.  The  spinning  of  worsted  yam 
alone  employs  many  extensive  factories,  which  supply  others  equally  extensive  with  material  for  weaving  the 
goods  by  power-looms.  A  very  large  population,  not  under  9,000  or  10,000,  is  now  employed  in  these  fac- 
Ifwi**,  or  in  eonneclinn  with  them.  Ijitterly  the  alpaca  manufacture  baa  risen  into  great  imj«rt«n«e,  and  with 
the  mannfacture  of  fabrics  made  of  wool  and  cotton,  and  of  wool  and  silk,  constitutes  the  staple  industry  of  this 
locality. 

Tlte  woollen  manufacture  frenerally  haa  for  a  long  period  been  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  important 
laaDcbcs  of  our  national  industry,  and  though  less  extensive  than  that  of  cotton,  still  holds  a  highly  influential 
pMiiion,  and  furnishes  tbc  means  of  support  to  many  thousands  of  our  countrymen.  It  has  been  computed 
that  not  fewer  than  312,500  people  are  cmployeil  on  the  whole  in  this  oianufacture,  which  has  been  calculated 
to  amount  to  the  anniml  value  of  about  25,0O0,00W.  The  introduction  of  new  materials  cither  for  use  atone, 
or  JD  cornbinalion,  has  at  tinies  given  an  extraordinary  impuUe  to  the  manufacture,  and  the  character  of  the 
(piods  pmdtieed  has  undergone  several  important  modifications.  The  manufacture  largely  carried  on  at 
|)ewibary,  in  Yorkshire,  of  a  coarse  cloth  from  woollen  rags,  is  very  interesting.  The  rags  are  torn  up  by 
machinery,  and  their  fibrous  material  is  entirely  separated ;  it  is  then  spun  in  low  numbers,  an<l  made  into  a 
o«rse  description  of  cloth  tiiicd  for  beize,  lablo-cloths,  A-c.  The  reproduction  of  a  woven  fabric,  from  material 
natil  recently  regarded  as  entirely  waste  and  uaclcai  for  such  purposes,  is  a  striking  illustration  of  the  adaptive 
inganaity  of  the  preaent  day.— R.  E, 


486 


OLAflSKs  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Abeab  L.  M.  N.  O.  10  TO  17,  Airo  South  Tbanseft  Gallery. 


[United 


1  SooTT  k  Wright,  Vigo  Street,  JRegent  8t, — ^DeBignen. 

West  of  England  elastic  doeskins,  in  Scotch  clan  tartan 
patterns  for  trousers;  new  style  in  the  same,  and  angola 
for  trousers;  Scotch  angolas  for  trousers,  and  mauds  for 
railway  rugs;  and  for  travelling  shawls. 


2  East,  Lamdon  &  Holland,  10  Old  Bond  St — ^Designers. 
Specimens  of  fancy  woollen  trouserings  and  coatings. 


3  ScHOFDELD,  Brown,  Dayis,  &  Halbb,  1  Oreshom  St,— 

Proprietors. 
Flannels  in  a  variety  of  singles,  comprising— ^ 

1.  Royal  Victoria  fliumels,  manuractured  from  yam 
spun  from  silk  and  wool.  This  fabric  is  superior  to 
flannels  made  entirely  of  wool,  in  the  following  pu^culars. 
It  is  less  irritating  to  the  skin;  it  shrinks  less  m  washing; 
the  silk  increases  the  strength  and  durability  of  ^e  tex- 
ture, and  renders  it  less  liable  to  tear. 

2.  Merino  flannels,  made  from  yam  spun  from  cotton 
and  wool .  This  article  is  exhibited  on  account  of  its  dura- 
bility and  cheapness. 

3.  Flax  flannels,  woven  from  yam  spim  frt>m  a  mixture 
of  wool  and  flax  fibre;  the  latter  prepared  by  the  Che- 
valier Claussen's  patent  process. 

4.  Silk  warp  flannels:  these  goods  are  adapted  for 
mantles  and  the  nursery.  Two  embroidered  opera  cloaks 
are  exhibited  as  illustrating  the  adaptation  of  the  fabric 
to  articles  of  dress. 

5.  Thibet  flannels,  made  of  choice  Saxony  wool. 

6.  Flannels  in  fimcv  dyes,  comprising  pink,  rose, 
cherry,  crimson,  sky  blue,  gentianeUa^  orange,  canary, 
scarlet,  &c. 

4  TwEEDALE,  Jacob,  &  Sons,  HedUy  Hall,  near  BochdaU, 

and  56  Wood  Street,  London — ^ICanu&cturers. 
Pieces  of  superfine  Saxonv  flannel;   fine  cricketers' 
flannel;  fine  anti-rheumatic  flemnel;  and  fine  imitation 
Welsh  flannel. 


5  Leach,  John,  &  Sons,  83  Wood  Street — ^Manufacturers. 
Lancashire  flannel,  made  from  English  and  Australian 

wools.  Imitation  Welsh  flannel,  from  the  same.  Medium 
Welsh,  or  ''  anti-rheumatic  flannel."  Twilled,  mUled,  or 
cricketing  flannel.  Saxony  flannel  and  coating.  Swanskin. 
Qauze  SuLony. 

6  WILES,  Jonas,  79  &  80  Watlmg  Street— Proyn%tor  and 

Designer. 
Striped  woven  flannels. 
Lancashire  and  Welsh  flannels. 


7  Fox  Bbothebs&Co.,  27  Ibkenhouae  Yard,  and  Wellington, 

Someniet — ^Manufacturers. 
White  and  dyed  woollen  serges. 
White  woollen  blanketing,  and  blankets. 
Hosiery  yams. 

8  Powell,  Samuei,  52  Regent  Street— InvGntor,  Patentee, 

and  Proprietor. 

Double-faced  cloth,  having  a  perfect  finish  on  each  side, 
of  two  distinct  colours,  woven  in  one  single  fabric. 

Specimens  of  superfine  double-fiiced  cloth  for  coats, 
vests,  trousers,  ladies'  paletots;  and  stout  cloth,  for  over- 
coats. 

The  novel  application  of  these  fSftbrics  embraces  every 
description  of  clothing  which  can  be  made  reversible  upon 
the  patent  mode  of  construction  of  the  inventor.  The  il- 
lustration of  their  application  will  be  seen  in  Class  20. 

9  Brown  &  Forster,  5  Vigo  Street,  Regent  Street — 

Proprietors  and  Vendors. 

Trouserings,  in  doeskins  and  caasimeres  ;  in  Scotch 
tweods,  and  natural  Cheviot  wool. 

Waistcoating  of  wool,  of  wool  and  silk,  of  silk,  of  cot- 
ton, and  of  China  g^rass;  embroidery  on  cloth  and  on 
silk, — all  of  British  manufiicture. 


10  Murlet,  W.  &  C,  4  Bow  Churchyard,  Cheapnde^- 

Inventors. 
Waistcoat  lengths  of  various  designs  in  cotton;  silk  and 
cotton;  silk,  wool,  and   cotton;  nlk  and  wool  plush; 
silk  and  linen;  wool  and  cotton. 

11  QooDWiN,  John,  Lawrence  Lane — Proprietor. 
Samples  of  vestings.    White  and  coloured  quiltings,  all 

cotton.     Livery  valendas,  silk  figured  casluneres,  and 
China  graas  lustres,  mixed  finbric. 


12  Bull  &  Wilson,  52 /S^Mfar^m'sZon^— Proprietors. 

Fine  black  cloth,  for  gentlemen's  coats. 

Fine  blue  cloth,  manufSactured  at  Bradford,  Wilts,  frt>m 
Saxony  wool,  indigo  dye,  suited  for  naval  officers'  uni- 
forms. 

Fine  scarlet  cloth,  manufactured  at  Stroud,  Qloucester- 
shire,  suited  for  militaiy  officers'  uniforms. 

Black  beaver  cloth,  for  overcoats;  woven  by  a  patent 
process,  invented  by  Mr.  Daniells,  of  Freshford  Mills, 
Bath.  Two  shuttles  are  employed  in  the  weaving,  the 
one  carrving  the  fine  or  siu^SeMse  thread,  the  other  the 
stout  or  backthread,  each  placed  in  a  distinct  plane. 

The  annexed  cut  shows  a  section  of  cloth  woven  on  the 
patent  process,  in  which  the  arrangement  of  the  threads 
in  the  patent  cloth  is  represented  in  fiff.  1  as  woven  with 
two  shuttles,  and  in  fig.  2  as  woven  with  three. 


Rg,l. 


Kg.  2. 


ooooeoo««« 


*   • 


•  •••••• 

•  •••••• 


Reversible  Witney  cloth,  for  travelling  coats,  &o., 
manufactured  by  Dtmiell's  patent  process. 

Registered  double-surfaced  beaver,  for  overcoats  and 
pantaloons. 

Himalaya  cloth,  for  warm  outside  garments;  made  from 
the  wool  of  the  Oishmere-shawl  goat. 

Fine  coloured  cloths,  for  coats,  manufactured  at  Brad- 
ford, Wilts. 

Clarendon  cloths,  for  summer  paletots,  manufiMstured 
at  Trowbridge. 

Black  milled  doeskin,  for  pantaloons. 

Fine  single-milled  cassimeres  and  Sardinian  cloth,  for 
waistcoats  and  embroidery,  manufSactured  at  Stroud;  the 
same,  embroidered. 

Single  milled  fSuicy  doeskins,  of  new  designs,  for  panta- 
loons, manufactured  at  Trowbridge,  Wilts. 

13    Clare,  John  &  James,  BasinghaU  Street,  London, 
and  Trowbridge,  Wiltshire, 

Woaded  black  single  cassimere;  patent  beaver,  Vene- 
tian, and  ladies'  cloth. 

Satin-face  doeskin;  satin-&ce  single  doeskin.  Milled 
and  single  doeskin. 

Fur  Janus  beaver. 


14  Smith,  John  Bland,  &  Co.,  38  Basinghatt  Street— 

Proprietors. 
Woollen  cloth  rendered  waterproof,  without  being  im- 
pervious to  air,  the  texture  and  appearance  unaltered. 

15  LocEE,  James,  119  and  127  Regent  St. — Manufacturer. 
Scotch  tweeds  for  deer-stalking,  riding,  and  walking; 

and  for  summer  and  warm  climate. 

Cheviot  wool  tweeds,  for  shooting  and  country  wear; 
specimens  of  the  wool  of  which  they  are  made  in  its 
various  stages  of  manufacture. 

Regulation  tartans,  as  worn  by  the  Scotch  Highland 
regiments. 

Scotch  mauds,  for  riding  and  travelling.  Ladies*  dan- 
tartan  shawls. 

Scotch  linsey-woolsoys,  for  the  searsidet 


3 


GuMifli#15.'^W00LLBN  AND  WOBaiED. 
AhusL.  M.  K.  0^10  to  17,  ASB  BoormHAMmKn  QAUunt« 


48? 


IS 


Ifli  oi  F^ffl^  ibiliflL  Midi  "^'ifffT  TOiOilwiirlTij 
;  ailimL 


oloilM^  TtBilittt  dk)>tiiy  Midi  fney  oosHogik 


19 


WMflf 


ft]lkAi^l«A.JM^ 


» 


Mid  vooMj^  Wmok  6MhB.    Wbol-djed  xifle- 

ntMHctfed  blaok  iiMriiiiiiniii.    Wool-djed 

VkMy  trooMringi  of  Tuioiit  i^Im  Mid 


n 


Mid  BOIMVIBUI^ 

Mid  M^McfliM  eioflii. 


flMnB,  &,  £«idii- 
eloih. 


iiSKMf  9t  Ooby  Bedford  Bimtg 


doUui,  Tirioiis  ooloony  fbr  mnking  and  trim- 
Wdies'  {Mdeiots,  first  and  second  quality.     Ladies' 
UmoD,  and  all  wool  Tweedi^  various  colours,  for 
aod  children's  cloaks. 
Faocj  wocdlflQ  doakings,  for  lining  gentlemen's  coats. 


24 


25 


8inoLL»  J.,  Leeds — ICanufocturer. 
twilled  summer  cloth. 


Cook,  &  Wormald,  Leed$ — Mannfscturers. 
stripe  and  drab  beayer  cloths;  white,  coloured, 
blankets. 


26 


Imwni,  E.,  Z^eedi — Manufacturer. 
doilhs. 


27         Eraai,  W.  ft  Sok,  Leeds — Manufacturers. 
WooOeii  doths. 


28  Habgbbats  ft  NoMETB,  FamUy  Low  Mills,  near  Leeds 
-— Designers  and  Manufacturers* 
Bojal  duuneleon,  elastic;  transferable  cloth;  Vicuna 
tmr,  with  wxtoUoi  back;  dyed  black  doth,  from  colonial 


29        8mv,  Wm.,  ft  Son,  Xeed^— Proprietors. 

PSeoe-dyed  sotnid  wool  black  cloths.  Mohair  cloths, 
eoloaz«d.  Mixed  napped  Petershams.  Indigo  dyed  blue 
pOols.    Oorbo  bearers.    Mixed  Witney. 


30  Lambot,  J.,  Leeds — Manu£Eu:turer. 

LadW  coati]^;  tweeds,  Circassian,  Venetian,  and  mo- 
cloths. 

Bnnu,  B.,  Leeds — Manufacturer. 
wooQea  ckyths. 


81 


TaamnoMt  Fms^  ft  Kjamauh 


32 


fShirtrfttt  '^"*li*i  iflk  Mad.  odttoii  WMTD :  nailimnral  tm 

MOld  Klf^^lp^rfaf, 

83     hopiOK,  Wtllsam,  ft  Co.,  X«nC»— Proprietors. 
Olhre  doth.    Blno  oankge  lining;,  Indigo  dy,    Blno 


dothy  indigo  d^ 

84     Sfxai^  loBn,  ft  8oH.  Woodhoms  Lam,  Leed*— 

MittiiaetnrMs. 
WooI]«H^— I)3redblMic,  mefism,  ftti  ookor. 
^'^^''^^^L^  "^  <fw^  d«k  olive,  Mid  Ui^t 

•iL^woaded  odour. 
Ll|^  dhm^  indigo  ds%m 
Iiifidble  green,  wool-d! 
oonunon  oolour. 


i-^fodblMlc,  aBid  pieoo-dyed  bkok. 


85         Svow'BBOTmM^  Leed^^Wmohammu 
SopMfino  woollen  cktiifL 

37  IPasa,  Bdwxk,  ft  Soim!,  HmfkmtmMke,  mar  Leed^^ 

MMiiifiMiiiiren* 

nMdwts:  ooatiqgi  of  alpaoa  woo^  mdudr,  and  osmflf  s 
ludr. 

Ootton  diapor  ng^  bleadied  Mid  imWeadiad. 

88  HsNET,  jL  ft  8.,  ft  Co.,  Z«MiH-Manidh(0taren. 
Woolkn  doUis  Mid  ootton  wMrp  doUis. 

89  B&Tamr  ft  Go.,  Leads,  TorMira   Mwrofcotew, 

Indigo  bhio  oifo^  wool  ^^«d. 
Blue,  green,  olarel^  and  brown  ootton  mrp  doth,  pieoe 
^ed« 
Brown^  green,  and  bine  doth,  wod  d^fod* 
Med^ydoths. 

40  Pawioit,  Sov,  ft  MABinN,  SUmeMdge  MUl,  mar  Leads, 

rcrJb^r-tf— Mannfaftturera. 

Black  cloths,  piece-dyed,  true  colours. 

Mulberry  ladies'  habit  cloth,  wool  dyed,  true  colour. 

Black  cloth,  and  rifle  Venetian,  wool  dyed,  woaded 
colour. 

Blue  Venetian,  wool  dyed. 

Olive,  black,  and  rifle,  ladies'  cloths;  and  rifle-habit 
cloth,  wool  dyed,  woaded  colours. 

41  SwAiKE,  Joshua  &  Edward,  &  Co.,  Oomersall  and  Leeds 

— Manufacturers. 
Superfine  wool-dyed  indigo  blue  Witney  dufiUs. 
Police  and  Canadian  cloths. 


42  CooPEB,  D.  ft  J.,  Leeds — Manufacturers. 

Superfine  woollen  and  doeskin  cloths. 

44  HoTHAM  ft  Whttino,  Leeds — ^Manufacturers. 
Yorkshire  flannel. 

45  Chsetham,  C.  O.  ft  W.,  Ccdverley,  near  Leeds— 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  superfine  olive  broad  cloths  of  Australian 
wool.    Bottle-green  broad  cloths.     Sample  of  Australian 
wool,  in  case  of  Australian  mahogany. 

46  Saville,  J.,  Zerdj— Manufacturer. 
Oxford,  pilot,  and  army  cloths. 

47  OoTT,  Benjamin,  ft  Sons,  Ztf^cb— Manufacturers. 
Woollen  cloths: — for  the  home  trade:  brown,  olive, 

and  blue;  and  black  woaded. 

For  the  American  market:  brown,  green,  olive,  bottle, 
black,  Adelaide,  olive  brown,  olive,  Straeburgh,  bottle 
rateen.   Drake  neck,  black,  dahlia,  Adelaide,  olive  brown, 

and  olive  rateen. 

For  the  Chinese  market:  scarlet,  salmon,  black,  green, 
gentian,  blue,  dahlia,  ash,  purple,  and  Burgundy. 


i88 


Glassies  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  O.  10  to  17,  and  South  Tbakskpt  Gallery. 


r  United 


For  the  RuBsian  market  :  orange,  green,  sky-blue, 
scarlet,  yellow,  carmine,  and  gentian. 

For  the  home  trade  :  lad/s  brown,  ruby,  lavender, 
doTe,  chocolate,  and  gentian,  cloth. 


48       Smithbon,  Thomas,  Bromley,  near  Leede — 

Manufacturer. 

Black  medium  cloth,  piece-dyed. 

Dark  blue  ladies*  cloth;  fine  habit  cloth;  black  habit 
cloth,  wool  dyed;  superfine  goods  of  woaded  colours. 

Superior  black  cloth,  wool-dyed  and  woaded  colour. 

Common  wool-dyed  black  cloth. 


49  York  &  Sheepshanks,  Leeds — Manufacturers,  Dyers, 

and  Finishers. 
Woaded  wool  black;  second  woollen  cloth.    Piece-dyed 
black,  and  piece-dyed  black  medium,  and  fSiist  dye. 


50  Gboroe,  T.  W.,  &  Co.,  Leeds — ^Dyers  and  Finishers. 

Worsted  lastings  in  fast  black,  not  woaded,  and  in 
various  coloiirs. 


51  Wilkinson,  John,  St.  Helenas  Mills,  Leeds — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

New  thin  ship  sheathing,  for  placing  on  the  ship's  side 
underneath  the  copper  sheathing;  thick  ship  sheathing 
for  placing  between  the  timbers  in  building. 

Patent  padding  and  wadding  for  garments;  soft  white 
medical  cloth,  backed  with  India-rubber,  for  poultices,  or 
under  horse-siiddles,  &c. ;  soft  white  saddle-cloth,  without 
India-rubber. 

Oun  wadding  of  first  and  second  quality;  haik  felt  for 
steam-pipe  and  boiler  covering,  and  for  dcKEtdening  sound. 

Indigo  blue  pilot  felt;  indigo  blue  pilot  and  brown 
pilot  for  great  coats. 

52  Wilkinson,  W.  &  E.,  Ze«fo— Manufecturers. 
Crape,  all  wool. 

Cord,  all  wool,  for  summer  cloth,  manufactured  in 
the  worsted  manner. 


54  Robinson,  Thomas,  Dewtbury  Moor,  Dewsbury — 

Manu£Ekcturers. 

Three-points  Mackinaw,  super  merino,  merino  bath, 
land  rosed  blankets. 

55  Crabtree,  W.,  Detcsbttry — Manufacturer. 

Bath  blankets,  fine,  and  striped  with  fancy  coloiuv  at 
the  ends.  

56  Whitworth,  J.,  &  Son,  EarlsheaUm,  Dewlbwry — 

Manufactiu^rs. 

Two  horse  blankets. 


57     Stead,  Walter,  &  Co.,  Leeds — Manufacturers. 

Superfine  broad-doth,  and  wool-dyed  woaded  black. 
Sample  of  fine  Qerman  wool. 


58  Halet,  J.,  &  Son,  Bramley,  near  Leeds — 

Manufacturers. 
Woollen  cloths,  made  in  the  white. 


59  Halbv,  a.  &  C,  Bramley,  near  Leeds — 

Manufacturers. 
Woollen  cloths,  made  in  the  white. 


60        Pease,  Heaton,  &  Co.,  Leeds — Inventors  and 

Proprietors. 

Bar^-de-laine  cloth,  all  wool,  for  dresses;  light,  even, 
transparent,  and  soft. 

Saxe-Coburg,  Orleans,  and  other  cloths,  cotton  and 
worsted,  for  dresses. 

Super  quality  de-laine  cloth,  cotton  and  worsted. 

Satin  twill,  cotton  warp  and  woollen  weft,  finish  of  a 
new  descripUon.  In  colours  for  dresses;  in  white  for 
printing.     Union,  silk  warp,  and  worsted  damasks. 


61  Hartley,  J.,  &  Son,  Worthy,  near  Leeds — 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Heather  tweed,  woaded ;  and  blooming  heather  tweed, 
woaded  and  grained,  for  shooting-coats,  made  from  Aus- 
tralian wool. 

62  Webster,  Thomas,  154  Park  lAtne,  Leeds — 

Manufacturer. 
Superfine  broad  woollen  cloth. 


63  Webster,  D.,  Leeds — Manufacturer. 

Superfine  wool-dyed  black  cloths. 


64  Bramlet  Woollen  Cloth  Company,  Bramley,  near 
Leeds — Dyers  and  Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  black  cloth,  wool-dyed,  true  and  common 
colour. 


65     Qreen,  R.F., &Sonb,  Leeds — ^Manufacturers. 
Orleans  cloth,  in  blacks  and  various  shades. 


67       Orat,  S.,  Calverley,  near  Leeds — Manufacturer. 

Woollen  cloths:  drab  and  blue  prunelle  livery -cloth. 
Russian  green  prunelle  habit-cloth. 


68      Cromack,  John  Judson,  Leeds — Manufacturer. 

Woaded  and  fast  black  cloth,  suitable  for  the  home 
market — exhibited  for  superior  manufaotture  and  finish. 


69       Fenton,  William,  Eccleshill,  near  Leeds — 

ManufiBctm-er. 
Billiard-cloths,  green,  crimson,  and  scarlet. 


70  Ellis,  John  W.,  &  Co.,  12  Upper  Albion  Street,  Letds 

— Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  cloth,  saved  list  indigo  blues  all  wool,  and 
a  frieze  with  cotton  warp  and  Australian  wool. 


71  WooDHOUSE,  John,  ffolbeck  Moor  Side,  near  Leeds — 

Manufacturer. 
Cloth,  woollen  weft  and  cotton  warp,  fast  colour  blue; 
Cloth,  common  colour,  black. 


72       Beaumont,   William,    Crawshaw  House,    Pudsey, 
near  Leeds — Manufacturer. 
Black  cloths,  made  both  from   Sydney  and  Saxony 
wool,  piece  dyed. 

74        MiDDLERROOK,  JoHK,  Birstall,  near  Leeds* 

Superfine  cloth  flannel,  of  extra  width,  and  of  the  na> 
tural  colour  of  the  wool;  specimen  of  coarser  quality. 


75      Stkes,  David,  &  Co.,  Leeds — Manufacturers. 
Black  milled  cloth. 

77  Gill  &  Bishop,  Leeds — Manufactiurers. 

Brown,  gentian,  drab,  and  black  mohair. 


78       Yewdall,  William,  &  Son,  Ravoden,  near  Leeds 

— Manufacturers. 
Woollen  cloths  of  different  qualities,   vis<i,   Spanish 
stripes,  grey  list  ladies'  cloths,  and  medium  clotbi,  of 
different  qualities;   milled  hair-list  and  double  milled 
hair-list  cloths. 

70      Walker,  J.,  &  Sons,  MUlshaw,  near  Leeds — 
Manufactiu^rs.  Dyers,  and  Finishers. 
Single  and  milled  cassimeres  figured  and  coloursdi 


80        Smith,  Wiluam,  Batley,  near  Dctcsbury — 

Manufacturer. 
Wool-dyed  indigo  blue  Whitney.      Indigo  blue  pilot 
cloth.    Qreen  and  white  mixture,  napped  pilot.    Logwood 
blue  pilot. 


3 


CLAMift  id  ft  iSw^WOOLLEK  AND  WOB»EED. 
AauB  L.  M.  H.  0. 10  to  17,  ato  South  TaAimM  GTAiUKt. 


n 


IL^ft 


IiO%ia  blue  piloi  cjofli.    Blua  mlslim^  rtnl  miiftvre^ 


83       Jvm,J.M^9omi  BmUtif, 

Woot^b^  bloft  WftaflvdoUi;  Una  pOot  dolh;  and 

ra  pOo*  ekHh.    WMka  fiMfi  with  wMotk  IMtng 

oa  tii>  baofc,  btfaig  •  awr  miwiMnrtion  of  nmtMriab , 


Jirii^ttMiaoiciotik. 


84 


A.,  JMfy  JRI^  JMiM^ 
Maauj 


;  Ibr  tntfdling  on  nShn^ 


&o.; 


tan^ft 


87 


for  tntfaiitng  on  numw^  flg%  «>^m 
»iBd  for  ]i>&igomcoift^  &0.I  anda 
wool* 

ia«Mli  ili^  of  tiM  oMiiiiflMtiire  of  braad 
dotik.    i«MfftB6Bi  of  bro«d  wooUan  eloliui  of 
oolomiL  oiialit¥.  and  aubatenoe. 

Wmjdei,  Joaara^  ft  Som^  BMm^etd — 
MamiftMiiiirBia^ 
buflblo. 
noliair. 
wftila  miaad  moliair*    Bliokmiztitra  mohair, 
k  mohair. 
UadCt  gc^MDy  topi  hhw^  aoarial^  drab,  and 


Qm  nisad  a^^aaa,     TalloV  mohair  heading.    Bog- 
kurdoih. 

All  for  ladies*  cloaks  and  men's  over-coats. 


S8       TatijOB,  Jaxks,  Meltham,  necw  Biiddersfield — 

Manufacturer. 
Fancy  woollens. 

89      Lbjuk>td,  Edwabd,  Huddersfeld — Manufacturer. 

of  cashmere  merinos^  used  for  ladies'  boot 


90  Sbaw,  Petbe,  Lockwoody  Huddersfield — Mannfeoturer. 
Woaded  black  broad  woollen  cloths. 


91     Pkacb,  Aamon,  ft  Co.,  Clayton  West,  Huddersfeld 

— ^ManufeMsturers. 
80k  diin^  dress.    Silk  and  wool  dress. 


92  OmMMX,  J.,  ffuddersfield^UMnnhctartir, 
Varkraa  specimens  of  linseys.  ^ 

93  HivcHumB,  John,  ft  Son,  NeicmUl,  near 

Huddersfeld — Manufacturers. 
Woadad  mixed  doeskin,  and  mixed  durables,  exhibited 
for  diaapoeas  and  utility. 


94  KmnroN,  Jonas  ft  Jambb,  Dogley  Mills,  Huddersfeld 

— ^Manufacturers. 
Woollen  Salesian  stripes  for  gentlemen's  dress. 

95  BKmncTT,  John  ft  Abraham,  Bradley  Mills, 

near  Huddersfeld — Manufactiu^rs. 
BUtk  Venetian  cloth,  manufactured  from  superfine 
Proasian  wool.  Registered  black  Lahore  cloth,  from 
CWi Hilling  wool.  Double  Napier  cloth,  one  side  wool, 
the  other  from  the  goat  of  Casbmere,  and  one  side  wool ; 
the  oihar  Crom  the  goat  of  South  America,  known  as 
Tiaima  wool. 


m    BmBmMnnrAxmkhmgm,MatMnK)9,Msaiimm' 
)blil— Dwagmni  and  Mimiiiiit  mail. 

Spadmaw  of  (ill  wool)  ilialiw  aluihiiHB  riba,  for 

tronastiBgi^  8^ 

97        CBOBLAmDh  Whaiav  ft  H.,  MvddtnfM— 


WooUan  ftaoy  pwialooa  <Mbm,  ntur  dwigiia  mmI  Im- 
pKovod  aiaatidily. 

'         '  '  ■■  ■ 

98  SfluiWf  Jmvv  WmxuL  ft  Btenr,  Vktorim  JCS^ 

^iddsnfeid   MiainlhoturaHi. 
Woadadwodl-d^radyldaifty  broad,  and  ai^iwfina  oloth. 
Flaoa-dyad  Uaiok  do«h  and  pnm^la.    Wool-dyad  bhuft 
doaiddn  and  oaadmere;  and  rllla  broad  do|h  andwool- 
^ad  Oxford  broad  qkih. 

99  Mnxnjnr  BnornsBs^  J7iicfilwa/l«l(l^]faaiiftotorflrB.  ' 
Sopar  Angola  mixliirea  for  tromen, 

100  HaiTDfasBBOTHEBS,  JSklilflrf/laft^MiQiiftefetDran. 
(^otha— madhuna,  millad  and  doable  mUlad,  ortrabla 

millad.    Boaddna. 


101 


Wbiolbt*  John,  ft  Somb»  Hmai$rsfUld^ 
Mannftoturani. 
CUrety  olirai  Btad<4nixad9  green,  and  Uj^bhia  lifwy 
dotha. 
Bri^t  bhie  dothy  for  oHnii^  liniiigk 

102      VuMWiif  41*  ft  BBAgMoiiT,  HMtn$M-^ 

Manafootarere. 
Kaok  broad  dotha,  oaaahneree,  and  doeddnn^  piaoa* 
dyad,  permanent  odomr  and  finish. 

108  AaxiTAiQxftKyTHBBS,  Jgadtfar^^Mtf-^&nporterB  and 

ManuflieturegB. 

Woadad  bbdc  dephant  beayen^  55  Indiai  wido,  grealB 
wd^t.  46  and  44  ounoea  to  the  yard,  mannftotorad 
ent&aly  from  Port  Phillip  wool. 

Albert  check,  requiring  no  lining  for  the  coats,  one 
side  being  a  plain  colour,  the  other  checked. 

Albert  cloth,  the  two  sides  being  different  colours. 

"  Exhibition "  cloths,  56  inches  wide,  weighing  only 
twelve  ounces  to  the  yard. 

Sooiu'ed  Sydney  skin  wool,  grown  in  New  South  WaleSy 
and  washed  by  J.  T.  Armitsge  and  Co.,  of  Sydney. 


104     LooLwooD,  Joshua,  &  Keiohuet,  William, 

i7uJei<f/*jr^e^6^Manufacturer8. 
Specimens  of  patent  woollen  cords,  velvet  and  leather 
cloths,  chiefly  for  trousers. 


105  Barnicot  ft  Hirst,  Huddersfeld,  Wilsham,  and 

Meltham — Manufacturers. 
Buckskin,  Orleans,  crape  and  fancy  doeskin,  and  hair« 
line  for  trousers,  made  from  middle-price  colonial  (Port 
Phillip)  wool.         

106  Barbeb,  J.,  ft  Sons,  Holmfrth,  near  Huddersfeld — 

Manufacturers. 
Drab  kersey  for  trousers  or  coats. 

107  HoLMBB,  J.,  ft  Sons,  Scholes,  near  Holmfrth, 

Yorkshire — ManufiBtcturers . 
Woaded  black  doeskin  and  Vienna. 


108    3fALLiN80N  &  Sons,  Huddersfeld — Manufacturers. 

Wool-dyed  black  doeskins,  exhibited  as  specimens  of 
manufacture  and  finish. 


109 


Beardsell,  Isaac,  ft  Co.,  Thongsbridge,  near 
Huddersfeld — Manufacturers. 
Woaded  black  broad  coating,   steel  broad  coating,  and 
black  Venetian  coating,  manufactured  of  colonial  wool 
grown  by  the  Australian  Agricultural  Company. 

Woaded  black  broad  single-milled  coating,  manufactured 
of  a  picklock,  selected  from  a  Sileaian  prize  wool.     Black: 


490 


Classes  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  to  17,  and  South  Transept  Gallery. 


[United 


and  blue  broad  coaidng,  sheep-wool  face,  alpaca-wool  back; 
blue  coating,  royal  blue  back  and  green  back.  Fancy 
woollen  trouserings,  three-fold  cloth  wove,  treble-milled, 
and  double-fiEu^.  Fancy  woollen  trouserings.  Woaded 
black  face,  blue  Berlin  wool  back;  double-filled;  woaded 
steel,  &c.  

110  Shaw,  Son,  &  Co.,  ffwUersfield^-ManuSacturen, 

Woollen  cloths  : — Black  superfine  broads;  fancy  coat- 
ings. 
Fancy  trouserings;  reversible  cloth. 
Pattern  cards  of  £Euicy  goods. 

111  Tatlor,  J.,  &  Son,  Newaome,  Huddersfield— 

Manufiacturen. 
Fancy  waistcoatings,    wool,    silk,    and  cotton;    and 
woollen  trousers'  goods    (best  Angolas);   and    woollen 
shawls  and  scarfs.     Ladies'  and  children's  dresses. 


112  Johnson,  John,  Lockwood,  Huddertfield — ^Dyer. 
Floss-yams  in  various  shades. 

113  Day,  J.,  &  Son,  Mold  Green,  Huddersfield— 

Manufacturers. 

Merinos  (cotton  chain  shot  with  woollen),  used  chiefly 
for  the  tops  of  ladies'  boots. 

Cashmerettes,  cotton  shot  with  woollen  and  silk  shot 
with  woollen;  used  for  summer  over-coats. 


114  Willott,  William,  &  Co.,  Huddersfield— 

Manufacturers. 
Woollen  goods,  via.,  drab  livery,  kersey.     Waterproof 
drab  Devon  kersey.     Extra  treble  kersey.     Woaded  wool- 
dyed  black  cassimere;  and  wool-dyed  black  doeskin. 

115  Schwann,  F.,  Huddersfield — ^Merchant. 

Fancy  vesting  called  valencias  or  toilinets,  and  quilt- 
ings.  Fancy  pantaloon  stuffs.  Fancy  dresses  for  ladies 
and  children.  Cassinets,  cashmerettes,  summer  paletots, 
and  merinos.  Shoe  and  boot  fancy  cloths.  Summer-coat 
and  paletot  articles.  Woollen  beavers,  pilot  cloths,  and 
napped  Petershams.  Tweeds.  Plaids  and  checks.  Buck- 
skms,  doeskins,  hnoj  woollen  pantaloons  and  over-coat 
stuffs,  composed  of  mohair,  alpaca,  and  Vicuna.     "  Ele- 

Shant  and  rhinoceros "  skins.    Friezed  coatings.   Shawls, 
[ohair  headings. 

Plain  woollen  cloth.     Red  paddings.     Carpets.     Qro- 
grams,  barracans,  tvrilled  summer  cloths.     Printed  para- 
mattas and  merinos.    Woollen  blankets  and  horse-covers. 
Specimen  of  ornamenting  and  lettering  the  show -end 
(nead-end)  of  woollen  cloths,  kerseymeres,  &c. 

116  ToLSON,  J.,  &  Sons,  Dalton,  Huddersfield— 

Manufactiu^rs. 
Waistcoatings,   comprising  figured    quiltings,    shawl 
cashmeres,  Persian  velvets,  beavers,  low  vestings.     Trou- 
serings.    Challi  wool  plaids  for   children's  dresses  for 
spring  and  for  winter. 

117  Wbiclby,  J.  &  T.  C,  JSTwdaerj/JtfW— Manufacturers. 
Moscow  beaver,  two  faces,  different  colour  and  finish. 

Moskitto,  two  faces,  different  colour  and  different  mate- 
rial. Janus,  nap-fftce,  beavered  and  Witney,  and  checked 
back.  Partridge  mixture,  for  shooting-coats.  Reversible 
cloth,  finished  on  both  sides.  Stockinette,  or  tricot. 
Fancy  trouserings. 

118  Sykxs  &  OoT>ES,  Huddersfield — ^Wool-cleaners 

and  Inventors. 

Drawings  illustrative  of  patent  and  improved  wool- 
cleaning  machine,  which  will  clean  50  lbs.  of  wool  per 
hour. 

Burry  and  motey  wool,  with  the  same  cleaned  from  the 
burs  and  motes  ;  and  specimens  of  bUrs  and  motes  as  taken 
Ax>m  the  wood  by  the  machine,  cleaned,  and  brought  into 
a  good  state.  

119  Hinchliff,  J.  8c  Q.,  Huddersfield — Manufacturers. 

Drab  kersey,  ordinary  milled  and  Devonshire  water- 
^oof» 


Black  and  steel  doeskins;  Oxford  and  mixture  doo- 
skins. 
Various  fancy  woollen  trouserings. 

120  Bbardsell,  Charles,  &Son,  Holmebridge,  Hudders- 

field— Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Woollen  pantaloons,  plain  and  fancy. 

121  Stabkey,  J.  &  A.,  SAeepridge,  Huddersfield— 

Manu£Eu;turers. 
Drab    woollen    cords.      Drab    thickset   constltutioii. 
Fancy,  plain,  and  woollen  velveteens. 

122  Cowoill»  Jessop,  8l  Co.,  Huddersfield— 

Manufacturers. 
Cashmerettes  for  coats  and  ladies'  boots. 


123  HuTH  &  Fischer,  Huddersfield— KerchajitB. 
Plain  and  striped  Franklin  coatings,  wool  face. 
Mohair  back  double  Queen's  cloakings. 

Mohair  back  pantaloons. — Registered. 

124  Clay,  J.  T.,  Bastrick,  Huddersfield— Manuftucturer, 
Woollen  trouserings,  blue  and  white  angolas;  the  blue 

being  a  pure  indigo  dye.  Manufiactured  fi^m  fine  Saxony 
wool;  from  Australian  wool;  and  sundry  varieties. 

Waistcoatings  in  woollen  and  silk;  and  of  fine  worsted 
yam,  cotton  and  silk. 

Union  cloth,  composed  of  woollen  and  cotton.  Vicuna 
cloth. 

125  ScHOFiELD,  Jonathan,  Jtastrick,  near  Huddersfield 

— Manufacturer. 

Fancy  woollen  trouserings,  different  patterns,  and 
woollen  and  cotton,  mixed. 

Silk,  woollen,  and  cotton  waistcoatings,  in  different 
colours  of  buffs,  drabs,  &c. 

Patent  British  cashmeres,  all  wool,  different  colours. 

Fancy  bed  furniture  in  wool  and  silk,  and  in  wool,  mlk, 
and  cotton. 

Fancy  dresses  in  wool  and  cotton,  &c. 

Fancy  shawls,  all  wool,  and  wool  and  cotton. 


126  Norton,  Joseph,  Clayton  West,  HuddersfeU 

Manufiakcturer. 
Summer  shawls  and  coatings.  Registered  winter  wool- 
len shawls,  unique;  and  novelty,  having  four  distioci 
patterns  or  appearances  in  one  shawl.  Union  shawls. 
Registered  goods  for  dresses,  waistcoatings,  and  cloaking!. 
Table  covers.  Woollen,  alpaca,  and  rabbit's  down  glove- 
cloths.  Registered  fancy  woollen  trouserings.  Stocki- 
nette trouserings.     Crochet  counterpane. 

127  Oldfield,  Allan,  &  Co.,  Lockwood  Mills,  and 

Huddersfield,  Yorkshire — Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  the  various  stages  of  the  &ncy  woollen 
manufacture,  from  the  wool  to  a  warp  prepared  for  the 
loom ;  also  pattern  ranges  of  fancy  woollen  trouserings^ 
from  the  loom  to  the  finished  cloth,  with  a  drawing  of 
Oldfield's  paten^  machine  for  piecing  woollen  cardings. 

Fancy  broad  cloth  for  overcoats. 

Fancy  doeskin  trousering,  and  fancy  crape  trousering. 
Mode  from  fine  wool.     Exhibited  for  their  manufiusture. 

Black  and  brown  twist  checked  tweed,  made  from  wasie^ 
&c.,  without  any  wool. 

Black,  brown,  and  white  twist  checked  tweed, 
from  waste,  &c.,  without  any  wool. 

128  HoADLEY  &  Pridie,  Halifax — Manufiicturen. 
Damasks,  for  fumitiu^  purposes,  of  different  qual 

and  colours,  manufietctured  of  silk,  cotton,  and  wool,  either 
separately  or  in  combination. 

120      Brown,  William,  JJa/t/ox— Manufiicttirer« 
Damasks: — Cotton  and  worsted,  yam  and  piece  dy«d; 

cotton,  silk,  and  worsted;  silk  and  worsted. 
Table  covers : — Cotton  and  worstod,  yam  dyed^  ooitoB, 

tdlk,  and  worsted;  worsted. 


OLAMin  12  ft  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Abkab  L.  M,  N,  0, 10  TO  17,  wsB  Roctii  Ta*(jBEPT  Oau-eby. 


ISO  AXMTV,  3tMn,  ft  San,  ffu/i/cu— Spinnen  and 
Uauu&chiren. 
^bloeoTOT: — CottoD    and   wonted,    aod   silk    uid 


■faMllM,  cmo,  t>l>iii-b*'^,  cimluti,  ihalloona,  wild- 
M^  tul  twSU*,  aUpiiuB,  marinoB,   Savi,  £^>t  India 

ooili^  wonted  and  eottoa: — Union  sergw  de 
I  kitiiifi;  Eotton  wup  prinoettaa  and  full 
Mods,   luitm,    Cobtu^  cotton    w«rp    "■J't 


t,  Vi- 

Tm^a,  let  bime-cOTen. 

TaB*^--flfaiKle,  two-fold,  tad  f>iir>futd  curdod  yums; 
rii|hk  Wok  and  four-fold  combsd;  bui(;1o,  liutra  and 
AihA  wmi  noole  waip;  two-fold  ctunlst  warp  oiid 
■lA)  Im-Md  batmg  ttwpi  two  andthreo-foldOonappe. 


1.  ttmmiuam  Oohns  dotit  (mixed  bbria,  cotton  and 

t.  SBBpaqr  Orlaiiia  cloth  (railed  fUnio,   cotton  and 
<«■(■,  diflering  from  No. :!.  only  in  being  of  a 

(Ubf  de  laiDe  ^miied  fabric,  cotton  and  wool), 
noge  of  qnalttieH,  printed  and  dyed. 
_  4ooDi  Sase  Cobuis  cloth,   made  bam  cotton 
I;  A  naw  bhrie,   of  Uglit  texture,  with  a  rauga 


C  Fowtr-loom  Buige  do  luce,  mode  from  cotton  and 
aMot;  noge  of  qualities,  printed  and  dyed. 

7.  BnSng  lor  ■Iuih'  coloun  and  nulwu;  aignaJa,  made 
If  ptwwtlocnn;  all  wool. 

fl.  W«mlad  kaold  or  hcddle  yam,  range  of  qualities, 
■M^  Mtd  twiited,  and  doged  (to  dcpHre  it  of  looee 
Brnf,  If  power;  it  in  used  !□  the  weaving  of  cotton, 
■Mllij^  woollen,  ailk  and  fiai  fabrics,  to  effect  tlie 
■•flM*nt«f  the  warp  tfareodj  during  weaving,  forwliich 
ik  k  nmdrad  to  be  Mrong,  smooth,  and  even. 

t.  wantad  gvnappe  chord,  prepared  aa  in  No.  8,  and 
wmt  ■  tbe  nwnaTacture  of  braids,  (ringce,  &c,,  its 
■HMtbaMi  anahling  it  to  be  well  combined  with  ailk; 
nan  cf  qnlitMa. 

10.  Wcnted  t*iB>  bagKing.  uaed  for  making  bfle?.  in 
whiA  lioMed,  n(ie-aced,  ftc,  am  crushed  to  extract  the 
«L  It  iitlMraforB  raijuired  to  be  strong  and  duraUe, 
tmi  not  to  mat  togvther  or  felt,  which  would  prevent 
IIm  mI  fraa  ji—rir^  through  it. 


131     SnrAU  ft  Peancr.  Cna  BUU  Mill,  iralif,a— 
Uanu&cturun. 
Cottdti  and  wotMed,  all  wonrted,  and  aiUc  and  wonted 

Slk  aixl  wonted  and  cotloD  and  worotod  Victoria  vcl- 

Hilk  and  wonted  and  cotton  and  woiated  Ttotorin  vd- 
nt  tablf-oorer. 

natn  avd  bmcad*  atriped  wonted  poncho, 

All  ibit  pBttoma  are  regtatered. 

Hm  ■M"r"**^"'~—  exprea  their  opimon  that  the 
~" T,  aro  to  a  style  that 


intry. 


oertaia 


Tlw  vtid*  PCDciio  B  uaed   by  the  nativn  of 
Hia  «f  Soolb  AnMrica  as  a  cloak,  or  outer  garment 
tic  la^ahsd  length,  when  cut  from  the  piece,  has  a  ali 
■■ia  to  b.  far  the  baad  of  Um  wcanr  to  paaa  thtougb. 


SnMrai  ^ 
d  table  00 


133  B^RXCLODOB,  Wn.,  &  Son,  ffoti/rur—HanufikcturerB. 
Samples  of  woollen  cloths  ^--Scarlet,  green,  yellow,  and 

ludigc  lilue,  Btriped)  and  acarlet  white  liRt;  orinwon  and 
drab  droflxetai  rad  union  paddings,  twolduda;  superred 
cloth  pa^nga;  brown,  duk  and  light  grey  kereeys;  blue 
larp  tweed;  green,  red,  crimson,  and  blus 
I)  lAHe  bouse  cloth;  crimson  sjid  green 
.  oorara.  Exhibited  for  cheapness  of  pro- 
duction and  geneisl  utility. 

134  Wash,  John  Whitelet,  Halifax — Manufacturer. 
Cotton  and  worsted  doraaslni,  yard-dyed,  fast  colours; 

woTcn  in  the  power-loom,  with  Jacquard  macliine. 

Wonted  daioask,  ingrain  colour,  and  ingtun  crimson, 
with  borders,  for  dnipertua. 

Victoria  table-olotL,  made  from  cotton  imd  woratod, 
dyed  previous  to  weaving,  fust  colours. 

135  M'Cee*,  H.  C,  flo;>/»uv- Manufacturer. 
F\intiture  damaaks,  piece  and  yarn  dyed.     Cotton  and 

woratod;  all  woTated;  silk,  woisted,  and  cotton;  allk  and 
worsted ;  nnd  cotton  and  woratiid,  tleneva. 

Table-coven.  Cotton  and  wonted;  «lk  and  woraladj 
and  silk  and  woollen,  yoni-dyed.     All  regiatered. 

Poncho  stuffs,  all  woratod,  used  in  S"   "    '-     ' 


136  Clat,  J.,  ftSoNS,  //c/i/iiz— Manu&cturers. 
Linssy,  for  masons  and  carpenters'  jackets.    PlaJding, 

for  drawen.  Cricket  jacketa.  Raised  keney.  Milled 
keney,  for  colliers'  and  excavators'  smocka  and  coats. 
Feamooght,  for  draymen's  coats.  Blue  flunnol,  for  colliers 
and  sailon'  shirts.  Sea.  Oalwaj  or  Irish  flannel.  Ironing 
bhmket.  

137  Aked,  J.,  ft  Sons,  Wu/i/.ir— Manufiioturora. 
Pantaloons,  plain  cotton  and  worsted,  yam  sjid  piece 

dyed.     F^cy  chocks,  yam  dyed.  j' 

Mixture  eoatitigs,  cotton  and  wonted,  yam  and  pioceftf" 
dyed.     Plain  lastings,  and  super  woratod  crapes,  all  wool. 
(ishmeres,  cotton  and  woollen. 


138  WitaoN,  JOHB,  Fir<iil  CUIage,  Orendfn,  near  il.ili/^ 

— Man  iifncturer. 
Poochoa,  HontusB,  and  shawls ;  in  woollen,  cotton,  and 
worsted. 

139  Salt,  Titcb,  lirmi/ord,  rorfaAi™— Manufacturer. 
Alpaca  manvifactum: — Goods  made  from  alpaca,  with 

cotton-warp,  dyed  in  the  piece;  alpaca  lustres,  block, 
vonoua  qualities ;  coloured  and  chameleon,  in  three 
qiifllitica  ;  alpaca  Coburgs,  black  and  coloured,  various 
qualitioB  ;  figured  aJpacH  lufltrea:  twilled  alpaca  lustre 
linings,  black,  coloured,  and  various  qualities  ;  scrga 
alpac.1  lustre  linings,  black,  mrioua  qualities  ;  coloured 
plain  twilled  and  satio  alpaca  mixtures;  coloured  satin 
alpaca  lustres. 

Ooods  made  from  alpaca,  in  its  cultural  coloun.  with 
cotton-warp  mixtures  ;  plain  and  twilled  mixtures,  and 
Croton  coatings,  various  qualities. 

Ooods  mode  &om  alpaca,  with  silk-warp,  dyed  in  the 
piece  :  Silk-warp  alpaca  lustres,  black,  coloured,  and 
cbameleon.  various  qualities  ;  figured  silk-warp  alpaca 
luntrsfl.  chameleon,  various  qualities. 

Goods  made  from  alpaca,  in  its  natural  coloiui,  with 
wlk-worp:  alpaca  mixture  poplins;  [uplins,  plain  colours; 
ChiniS  poplins;  satin -striped  mixture  iioplins;  silk  checked 
poplins;  chinieleon  silk-warp  Bguruil  alpaca  lustnis;  silk- 
warp  summer  coatings. 

Goods  mode  from  al]>avs,  with  warp  composed  of  ulk 
and  cotton,  dyed  in  the  piece  :  alpaca  Incas,  colours ; 
ftgiuvd  Atiiazouiacs,  colours;  figured  silketriped  al[-acft 
lustres,  colours;  satin-striped  alpnca  lustres,  Uack;  um- 
brella cloth;  alpaca  Mild  eliuBs,  coloun. 

Goods  made  from  aliaica,  iu  its  natural  c-]loun,  with 
warp  compo«d  of  sitk  and  cotton  :  satin -striiwd  alpaca 
miituivs;   parasol  cloth;  GguTud  alpaca  ai 


492 


Clabsbs  12  &  16.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Abbas  L.  M.  N.  0.  10  to  17,  and  South  Transept  Gallkby. 


[United 


Specimens  of  Britiah  alpaca  wool,  grown  by  the  Earl  of 
Derby. 

Specimens  of  alpaca  wool,  from  the  west  coast  of  South 
America. 

Alpaca  wool  combed.    Alpaca  yams. 

Mohair  manufactures: — G^oods  made  frt>m  mohair,  with 
cotton-warp:  serge  linings,  black  and  colours,  various 
qualities,  dyed  in  the  piece  ;  chameleons,  chin^,  and 
gausse  chameleon,  yam-dved. 

Goods  made  from  mohair,  with  silk-warp,  yam-dyed: 
chin^,  and  chameleon  poplins  ;  figured  mohair  amazo- 
nians,  gause  chameleon  and  satin-striped. 

Specimens  of  mohair;  also  combed  and  in  the  yams. 

Moreens  made  from  English  and  Russian  wool,  various 
qualities. 

Specimens  of  Russian  wool ;  also  combed  and  in  the 
yams. 

[The  alpaca  is  an  animal  of  the  Llama  tribe,  inhabit- 
ing the  mountain-region  of  Peru.  The  wool  or  hair  is  of 
various  shades  of  black,  white,  grey,  brown,  &c.,  and  is 
remarkable  for  brightness  and  lustre,  great  length  of 
staple,  and  extreme  softness.  This  wool  was  brought 
into  general  use  in  this  country  about  16  yeai^  ago  by 
the  present  exhibitor.  Since  that  time  the  various  ob- 
stacles in  the  way  of  its  successful  working  have  been 
quite  overcome,  and  the  alpaca  manufacture  now  ranks 
as  one  of  the  most  important  branches  of  the  Bradford 
worsted  stuff  trade.  The  articles  produced  from  alpaca 
in  combination  with  silk  are  especially  noticeable  for  their 
softness  and  brilliancy.  The  bulk  of  the  goods,  however, 
are  made  with  cotton  warp,  and  when  dyed  and  finished 
approach  in  lustre  very  nearly  to  silk.  The  following  is 
the  average  yearly  importation  of  alpaca  wool  into  England 
since  its  first  introduction,  viz. :  from  1836  to  1840,  7,000 
bales  per  annum;  from  1841  to  1845,  13,000  bales  per 
annum;  from  1846  to  1850,  20,000  bales  per  annum.  It 
is  generally  believed  that  this  last  amount  is  the  utmost 
extent  of  production  in  Peru. 

The  animal  has  not  hitherto  been  very  extensively 
cultivated  in  this  country.  H.  R.  H.  Prince  Albert  has 
a  small  quantity  at  Windsor  Park,  and  the  Earl  of  Derby 
has  a  flock  of  about  60  at  Knowsley.  A  specimen  of  Lord 
Derb/s  growth  is  now  exhibited  by  Mr.  Salt.  Consider- 
able difficulties  have  arisen  in  the  rearing  of  these  animi^lff 
in  England;  but  when  more  correct  information  is  obtained 
as  to  their  habits  in  their  native  district,  these  will  most 
probably  be  overcome.  Attempts  are  just  now  being 
made  to  introduce  the  alpaca  into  our  Australian  colonies, 
where  the  climate,  from  its  great  dryness,  is  believed  to 
be  congenial  for  its  successful  naturalization. 

Mohair  or  goat's  wool  is  produced  exclusively  in  Asia 
Minor.  In  its  raw  state  it  is  superior  in  lustre  to  alpaca, 
and  is  wrought  into  many  beautiful  fabrics.  The  importa- 
tion of  this  article  has  increased  from  5,621  bales  in 
1841,  to  12,884  bales  in  1850.  Mohair  yam  is  largely 
exported  to  the  Continent,  where  it  has  superseded  the 
yam  formerly  spun  in  Turkey,  and  is  there  manufactured 
into  Utrecht  velvet  for  hangings,  furniture,  lining  of 
carriages,  &c.,  a  branch  of  trade  which  is  now  gaining 
groimd  extensively  in  this  coimtry. 

Russian  Donsky  fleece  wool  is  of  a  very  coarse  descrip- 
tion, and  was  first  combed  and  brought  into  use  in  the 
worsted  trade  about  20  years  ago  by  the  present  exhibitor. 
— G.  T.] 

140  MiLUGAN,  Walter,  &  Son,  Harden  Mills,  Bingley, 

Yorksh  ire — Manufacturers. 

Embroidered  alpaca  and  silk  furniture-cloths,  and  dress 
goods;  satin-striped  dress  goods;  damasks;  manufEtctured 
by  a  patent  process. 

Aljiaca  gro,;$ram  coatings. 


Coatings,  worsted,  cotton,  silk,  &c.     Mohiur  mixtures. 

Specimens  illustrative  of  the  processes  of  the  Alpaca 
and  mohair  manufactures,  viz: — 

Fleece  of  alpaca  wool  from  Peru,  and  a  superior  fleece 
of  mohair  or  goat's  wool  from  Turkey.  The  same  sorted 
into  five  distinct  qualities  for  the  wool-comber.  The 
same  on  the  wool -combs,  showing  the  "sliver"  or  long 
fibre  of  quality.  No.  4,  used  in  the  embroidered  alpacas, 
exhibited  as  above,  and  the  "noil"  or  portion  of  wool 
left  on  the  comb  after  the  sliver  is  drawn  off,  and  whidi 
is  used  for  making  heavy  cloths,  ladies'  mohair  cloaloB^ 
&c.  The  same  in  the  various  stages  of  preparation  and 
spinning  until  reduced  to  yam  on  the  spool  or  weaver^* 
bobbin. 

141  Schwann,  Kell,  &  Co.,  Bradford — Proprietors. 
Worsted  merinos,  lastings,  serge  de  Berry,  satin  sei^ge, 

says,  figured  Russells,  velillos,  cristales,  cubicas,  and 
alepinas.  Silk- warp  Coburgs  ;  -double-twill ;  plain  and 
figured  Russells,  and  alpaca  lustres;  dyed  in  the  piece,  in 
various  co1o\u:b.  Silk-warp  mixed  alpacas,  grey  weft — 
natural  colour  of  the  wool.  Cotton- warp  Cobuiigs; 
ditto,  double-twilled;  plain  and  figured  Russells;  Orleans; 
demi,  alpaca,  mohair,  and  twilled  alpaca  lustres;  says; 
linings,  worsted  weft;  linings,  mohair  weft;  figured  Or- 
leans;  plain  and  figured  satins:  dyed  in  the  piece,  in 
various  colours.  Cotton-weft  lastings  and  serges  de 
Berry;  silk-weft  and  linen-weft  lastings  and  serges  de 
Berry:  dyed  in  the  piece,  in  various  colours.  SiSi  and 
cotton  dresses,  dyed  in  the  yam.  Cotton  and  worsted 
black  and  white  checks  ;  cotton  and  worsted  fancy 
dresses;  cotton,  worsted,  and  silk  dresses.  Cotton  and 
wool  plaids. 

142  Rogers,  G.,  i?ra<yQrtf— Manufacturer. 
Coboui^  cloth  of  fine  quality:  silk  and  cotton  warp. 

143  FoSTXR,  J.,  &  Son,  Black  Dike  Mills,  near  Bradford^ 

Manufacturers. 
Goods  made  of  cotton  warp  and  alpaca  weft;  of  cotton 
and  silk  warp,  and  alpaca  weft;  of  silk  warp  and  alpaca 
weft,  and  of  cotton  warp  and  mohair  weft;  crapes,  silk 
striped  and  others;  gros-de-Berlins,  figured  and  others; 
alpaca  coatings  in  various  qualities,  and  varieties  of  shade; 
twilled  alpaca  silk  checked  fancy  coatings;  vestingi; 
chin<S;  damasks.  Alpaca,  mohair,  and  worsted  yams. 
Dyed  by  Mr.  Joseph  Holdsworth,  Wakefield. 

144  JowETT,  Thomas,  &  Co.,  Bingley,  near  Bradford, 

Yorkshire — Manufacturers. 

Cotton  warp,  and  alpaca  weft,  dyed  black. 

Cotton  warp,  and  dyed  silk  warp,  and  alpaca  mixture 
weft,  natural  colours. 

White  silk  warp,  and  brown  and  black  alpaca  weft^ 
natural  colour. 

White  and  dyed  silk  warp,  and  black  silk  warn. 

Dyed  silk  warp,  and  black  alpaca  weft,  figure^  natural 
colour. 

Dyed  silk  warp,  satin  faced,  and  black  alpaca  weft; 
dyed  silk  warp,  figured,  with  black  alpaca  weft,  suiti^le 
either  for  vestinga  or  dresses. 

Cotton  warp,  plain  and  figiured  silk  stripe,  with  alpeoft 
mixture  weft. 

Dyed  silk  warp,  and  dyed  linen  weft. 

Dyed  silk  warp,  and  silk  weft,  figured,  and  white  nlk 
warp,  and  China  grass  weft,  figured,  for  vestings. 

145  Harris  &  Fison,  Bradford — ^Manufacturers. 
Circassian  cloth :  the  weft  is  a  combination  of  the  finest 

wool   and  silk,   which  produces  the  glossy  surface  it 
exhibits. 
Cloth  woven  from  the  hair  of  the  Angola  rabbit. 

146  Armitage,  George,  &  Co.^  i^roc^ori— Dyers. 
Orleans,   Coburg,   and  Brazilian  cloth ;  mohair,  silk 

and  mohair,  and  silk  and  alpaca  figures,  of  Tariaus 
qualities  and  colours,  plain  and  shot.  Exhibited  M  qie* 
cimens  of  dyeing* 


-WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED, 
ro  17,  ASH  Sodth  Trasbkit  Gai.lbby. 


147    Tmam,  A.,ACo.,  Jlrailford—JluivIaetarerR. 

Fhia  aJtioca  loatrm  and  chaiueliiatiB :  ploui  chunelecmB, 
wntad  waft ;  piiiui  Cuwir  ■tnpe«  uid  obeck :  plun  ut- 
hte^  ml  dpBia  waft ;  fi(;ured  OrWiu  ;  olpaw  Inatre 
l^qna;  twillad  HtUoai  and  Sgui-M;  Oguiwl  Circaausua, 
ttm^  and  etuecki,  tU  in  cotUrn  warpe  and  pi«cc  dyed. 

llMliiliii«i.  or  mixed  ilpacB  lustrea,    natural  coIoutb, 
■Dfc  WHp  alpMa  luotrea,  plam,  etripec,  ckwka.  and  figures, 
ta  ^tfonl  ooloun  lod  pwoe-df  ed. 
^tia  Bolair  cfaanuileoni  and  Borages ;  fane;  colourod 


148  fimay,  Eswau)  &  Sox,  Brad/oni,  Torithirt—Djen. 
OilaM  d<itiw  and  Cobuig  elotlu,  djed  fi™u  white 
lYouh  dt  kloM  and  marina*. 

prodiuBd  tt;  a  potonUd  procoH. 

naiMwh  tablc^oTcn. 

thia  badBviMa.  dyod  frnin  white  wup*. 
.  AH  j«h«l«n-J  M  ■pedDum  of  dfsing,  &c. 

[n>  bmipf  of  the  woncted-itoir  dyer  was  formerly 
•wSaad  to  tha  comparativelj  liniple  proocu  of  djeiii^ 
(kodl  Wlnpiwinl  «atinl;  of  wool.  The  introductioQ  of 
Mttoawwpi  in  1834,  with  Tarioos  comLliuitioiu  of  uUc 
pt^mMBtly  rtaduoad,  rendered  n«ces>iUT  more  vuiud 
■  r  that  a  fkbric 
H  mi^t 


ta  t*  NOcit*  as  •qoal  and  regular  dje.  The  1^^ 
■■laavr^tedfccd  bade  i«,  in  ■  great  meatuni,  attri- 
haUto  to  A*  wwgy  and  ikill  ol  the  djen,  bj  whom 
•k  «t|^w>  kaa  ban  •ocompluhed  ao  effectoaUr,  tluii 
■Hfc  aaia  of  wUta  ootton  warp  and  wonted  weft  can 
■B^aAtdHOrt,  if  Dot  qaita,  aa  pofeet  in  colour  aa  Frencb 
■Mteaa  eooipaacd  of  wool  alone.  Some  idea  of  the 
HkosBt  at  wonted  goods,  dyed  imd  QuiBbed,  may  ba 
fccMrf  bvm  tbe  het  that  the  three  largest  dyaing  ceta- 
liIMiiinilalaniilf  1  cui  each  turn  out  about  12,0<Hi 
|iaaa  waAlj;  In  addition  to  which  there  are  many  dye- 
^iak&lnMaMa  in  Dnghbouring  towns  priudpally  lupphed 
witfc  BO&  bvm  Bradford.— O.  T.] 


149    Ckavss,  J.,  tc  SoK,  I'mprct  Ifill,  T/umUon,  nc-ur 
Bradfant—MtB  ufcctuTB™. 
LaMn   fMaans,   in    diSerotit   qnolitiea,    blacks    and 


t,  J.,  Bradfiird — MoDuAoturer. 
ICsad  Ctbrita,  compCMd  of  cotton,  alpaca,  and  »il)c, 
|fa^actd  Ignrad,  lor  TcMinga,  drenea,  &c. 


153 


Dalvt,  Jaks*,  fiW/M-d— HanuTacturer. 
,    iiiBCfu  of  flgorad  bombaanea;  figured  and  plain 
mm.  Ofm;  ailk  atripee  and  oliecks;   figurad   worited 
OMBaa  and  ddnte;  flgorad  and  plain  alpaca  lustres,  alpaca 
^M  othat  tnixtana;  alpaca  and  wanted  figured  cloaking 
'    "  ■        I   and  Coburgi; 
>.  Riple;  &  Sod. 

153  Ck*W)t  ft  Habbof,  Unul/mf— Manu&cturen. 
"  '     t  clotha,  black  and  colour*,  in  various  quolitiea. 
a  dotlu,   black.    Full-twill  cloths,   with  silk, 
~  i  notion  wsrpa.    Shawl  clotho,   in  varioua 
Mkaa. 
1  ftrimna  clothe,  black  and  coloun.    Alpaca 

DiiM  and  wgtalad  damaika. 


Canton  clotha.  Linings  and  aerge  dotha,  Uaok.  E^uiay 
goudx,  in  various  styles.  Alpaca  mixtures,  itt  varioiiB 
4ualiti«a  and  nsMral  eoloura. 


155  HiiaaAB,Wn.Liui,  &Si>!SS,  Ke^hUy—iianahistaiera. 
Sniaplee  of  Orieaoa,    luBtreen,   worsted    lining,    and 


156  8BirTTt£WoRTS,Wuj.IAM,  &Co,,  A'orfltSiVrrify,  n«(^ 

£nii^on^WontBd-apinnetB  and  Honufkiturera. 

1.  Piece  of  plain  fiiBtioQ.  I       B.  Silt  atuff— mourmng, 

2.  Low  figured  Orleana.  9.  Low  pluD  miitora. 

3.  4,    5.     Figured   silk      ll>.  Shot  silk  stripe, 
stripe.  n.  The  same  cheokad. 

e,  T.  Fancy  figured  ailk      13.  Fancy  figured  Orleana. 


157      Clutbam,  Jobs,  finuT/inxf— Manufacturer. 

Ket.  ootton  warp,  am)  alpnca  weftj  net,  cotton  warn 
and  wonted  weft ;  Coburg  cloth,  cotton  warp  and  worsMd 
weft ;  dlsgonal  lining,  cotton  warp  and  alpam  weft. 


158  ClaPHAH,  WnjJiJI,  Wiladea,  acar  Biajlty,  I", 
— Manufooturer. 
Coburg  dotba,  of  vHrious  qualitiea  and  colours. 


159  WalLjCocKbhot,  ftWiu,  Linton  MUU,  tuar  SiiptM^ 
yartth  iis — Uanufaoturen. 

Shaded  tnpeatry  ground,  with  rarioua  coloured  ailk' 
figure,  and  brigbt  rwied  shisdes  in  wool  for  dreeaes. 

Shot  and  printed  ground  Orleans,  with  coloured  silk 

Fau)  Orleans  cloth,  in  new  colour,  from  a  combination 
of  Tarioua  wools. 

Prep&ratious  of  wonted  yam. 


ICO      UOBTOH,  Datid,  UaOdm,  ntr  Bradfori— 
MoQu&oturer. 

Cods  of  uniuE  tweeds.     Cotton  warp  and  wootlon  woft. 


Block  Orison*  clollu,  uf  var 


162  ToWKENB  BBcrrilEBH,  CW/iiyieortS,  n#ar  Jra^ftiprf— 
Monufaeturars. 
Wonted  heold  yams,  various  folds  ;  wonted  genappe 
yamB,  and  of  larious  dogreea  of  twist ;  molioir  poplm  ; 
worsted  and  moboirsnd  alpaca  varus  ;  mixed  mohair  and 
Bl)>aca  yarns  ;  woratad  weft  and  warp  yarns. 


163    Sekok,  Siltxeb,  &  Co.,  Brui//un/— Propriatora. 

Orleana  cloth,  manufactured  by  Chapman  &  Whitnker, 
Baildon,  near  Bradford;  dyed  by  J.  M.  Kirk,  Halifax, 

Orleans  cloth,  manuFoctured  by  William  Lund,  Keigh- 


104        Peel,  WiUJiw,  A  Co.,  Br.2cl/vrd,  rorMife— 
Muiufocturen. 

Coburg  cloths  of  various  qualities  oud  coloun. 

^ilk  wsrp  paramattas,  BroxiliauB,  and  silk  wixp  double 
twills,  blacks. 

165  BoTTOKLET,  MosES,  &  SosB,  Sfitif,  Mw  Ilalifax— 
Designen  and  Muiulactiiren. 

Figured  Angora,   composed   of  mohair  and  silk,   for 
ladies'  dreases. 

Figured  Genoa  locn.    Tbe  pile  has  not  befom  been 
produoed  in  stuff  goods. 

Figured  gauze  Uce,  composed  of  muliair  and  nilk. 

Figured  mohair  lustre,  in  different  qualitiaa  and  pat- 


494 


CLA88E8  12  &  16.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Abras  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  TO  17,  AND  South  Tbansbpt  Gallbbt. 


[Unitsd 


Figured  Orleans,  in  different  qualities,  &c,,  composed 
of  worsted  and  cotton,  for  dresses,  &o. 

Mohair  serge,  in  various  patterns  and  qualities,  for 
coat  facings,  &c. 

Orleans  serge,  for  coat  facings,  &c. 

Mohair  lus^,  plain,  comp^ed  of  mohair  and  cotton, 
of  various  qualities. 

165a    Holdswobth,  Joseph,  Wo^/^W— Dyer  and 

Finisher. 
Pieces  of  stuff,  mixed  fEibric  of  cotton  and  worsted,  and 
cotton  and  mohair,   figured  and   plain;    exhibited   as 
specimens  of  dyeing. 


166  HoUMWOBTH,  John,  &  Co.,  Halifax,  Yorkshire — 

Manufacturers. 

Crimson  merino  and  green  durant,  for  lining  rich  da- 
masks.   Black  and  white  cotillion  for  ladies'  skirts. 

Printed  Toumays,  registered  patterns,  used  for  furni- 
tures. 

Oreeu  and  gold,  crimson,  buff,  blue  and  gold,  gold  and 
white,  and  gold  silk  and  worsted  damask. 

Crimson  and  gold,  blue  and  salmon,  and  crimson, 
green,  and  gold  yam-dyed  damask. 

Blue,  girs^e  and  wmte,  crimson,  green,  and  morone, 
and  blue  and  salmon  yam-dyed  daznask. 

Oreen  and  white  and  drab  and  white  union  damask. 

Giraffe  and  white,  blue  and  white.  Ponceau  and  white, 
&wn  and  white,  and  gold  and  white  union  damask,  all 
registered  designs  for  furnitures. 

Scarlet,  drab,  giraffe.  Ponceau,  sea-green,  fawn,  blue, 
rose,  crimson,  green,  morone,  and  buff  worsted  damask 
for  furnitures.  Ponceau  and  sea-green  Turkey  cloth 
damask. 

Green  and  gold,  green,  crimson,  crimson  and  gold, 
green,  salmon,  and  white,  blue  and  gold  (silk)  yam-dyed 
Turkey  cloth  damask. 

Royal  blue  and  buff,  crimson  and  gold,  crimson,  mo- 
rone, and  gold,  crimson,  gold,  and  white  silk  and  wool 
damask.  Green  and  Ponceau  merino  curtain,  quite  new, 
all  for  furnitures. 

Albert,  Victoria,  merino,  and  silk  and  wool  table 
covers;  registered  patterns. 

Crimson,  scarlet,  drab,  and  Ponceau  watered  moreen, 
for  furnitures. 

Coburg  and  Orleans  cloths  for  ladies'  dresses.  Black 
lining  for  coats.    Damask  aprons.    Merino  damask. 

Serge  de  Berri,  union,  worsted,  and  silk  lasting  for 
buttons. 


167  SuoDEN,  J.,  ^Brothers,  Dochroyd Mills,  nearKeijhlet/, 
Bradford — Manu&cturers. 
Plain  and  striped  calimancos;  strong  worsted  merino, 
union,  and  princetta  savs;  strong  union,  and  merino 
shalloons;  merinos;  cuoicas;  summer  cloths,  double 
twill;  union  princettas;  bombazet;  worsted  heald  yams; 
worsted  genappes;  mohair  and  alpaca  genappes;  800  spe- 
cimens of  yams,  used  in  the  manu&cture  of  poplins,  &c. 


168  MiLNEB,  J.,  &  Co.,  Clayton,  near  Bradford — 

Manufficturers. 
Orleans.    Worsted  weft  and  cotton  warp,  in  different 
colours.  

169  Clare,  J.,  56  High  Street,  /?r<K//ord— Manufacturer. 

Table  cloth,   embroidered  with  thread    on    crimson 
sarsenet. 


170  Slater,  Henrt,  Teadon,  near  Leeds — Manufacturer. 
Woollen  netting,  used  by  gardeners  for  the  protection 
of  the  bloom  of  fruit-trees  from  frost. 


170a    Nicholson,  John,  i^rocf/orcT— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  cards. 

171        Roberts,  H.,  ^Aie(^ori~ManufiBcturer. 
Grogan  coatings. 


172  Tetlet,  Mrs.,  fra^oftf— Producer. 
Embroidered  quilt. 

173  Rand,  John,  &  Sons,  Bradford— "Manu&ciwnn, 
Cobourg  cloths,  cotton  warp,  worsted  weft,  of  different 

qualities,  blacks,  and  colours;  Cobuigdoths,  first  quality; 
and  with  silk  warp;  merinos,  moreens,  and  worsted  waip 
and  weft,  single  and  double  twill.  Several  of  the  pieces 
exhibited  are  of  the  finest  deecription  of  worsted  goods 
ever  manufactured. 

[The  following  details  will  convey  some  idea  of  the 
progress  and  extent  of  the  worsted  stuff  trade.  Messrs. 
J.  Rand  &  Sons'  factory  was  built  in  1803,  and  was  the 
third  erected  in  Bradford.  The  population  t>f  the  town 
and  neighbourhood  was  then  about  6,500;  it  is  now 
estimated  at  00,000.  There  are  at  present  in  Yorkshirs 
(principally  in  the  parishes  of  Bradford,  Halifax,  Kei^iley, 
and  Bingley),  418  worsted  factories,  with  746,281  spindles, 
30,856  power-looms,  and  employing  70,905  workpeople. 
Taking  the  worsted  and  woollen  manufactures  together, 
the  increase  during  the  last  16  years  has  been,  in  the 
number  of  factories  51  per  cent. ;  in  the  number  of  hands 
employed,  116  per  cent. — O.  T.] 

174  HoRSFALL,  J.  G.,  &  Co.,  ^rocf/orti— Manu&cturers. 
Henrietta  cloths,  with  silk  warp  and  worsted  weft. 
Fine  Saxony  cloth,  all  wool. 

Fine  Coburg  doUi,  with  cotton  warp  and  wonted 
weft. 

Coburg  cloth  of  various  qualities. 

175  TowNEND,  Simeon,  Thornton,  near  Bradford— 

Manu£Bcturer. 
Worsted  heald,  and  genappe  yams,  spim  firom  Britiah 
wools  ;  healds,  or  harness  for  weaving  woollens,  worsteds^ 
linens,  cottons,  &c. ;  braids,  poplins,  galloons,  oonls,  Ac. 
manufieMHiurod  from  genappe  yams. 

176  Whitlev,  James,  Morton,  near  Bingley,  Torhkir^ 

Manu£Bcturer. 
Alpaca  yams  on  spools  prepared  for  weaving. 
Mixed  alpaca  and  mohior  yams  on  spools  propazed  for 
weaving,  in  various  colours. 

177  Sharp,  David  Wilkinson,  Pwi^/ey— Manufacturar. 
Alpaca  yams  on  weaving  bobbins,  prepared  by  Boss's 

new  process,  with  improvements. 

Mohair  yam  on  spinning  bobbins,  two-fold  in  the  >i*"V^ 
and  in  colours. 

Mohair  yam,  single  in  the  hank. 

Slivers  of  mohair,  combed. 

Worsted  yam  on  weavers'  bobbins. 

178  QuiTZow,  ScHLESiNGER,  &  Co.,  Bradford— 

Proprietors. 

Berlin  wool,  in  various  folds  and  colours^  spim  and 
dyed  in  England. 

Flax,  produced  b^  the  new  patent  process  of  Mr.  P, 
Claussen,  viz.,  flax  in  the  straw,  showing  on  the  same 
stems  the  fibre  both  imprepared  and  prepared,  and  also 
unbleached,  bleached,  and  dyed  various  colours;  carded 
flax-fibre,  imbleached,  bleached,  and  dyed;  heckled  flax- 
fibre,  long  flax-fibre,  unbleached  and  bleached. 

Yams,  spun  from  the  above  flax,  alone,  and  mixed  with 
cotton,  wool,  and  silk. 

[To  the  present  time  it  has  been  considered  impossible 
to  apply  existing  cotton  machinery  to  the  manufacture  of 
flax.  Mr.  P.  Claussen  considers  that  this  difficulty  now 
no  longer  exists,  and  that  by  processes  adopted  by  him,  it 
is  possible  to  prepare  a  kind  of  "cotton"  from  flax, 
suitable  for  a  large  niunber  of  manufacturing  purposes, 
and  capable  of  being  spun  in  tolerably  high  numbers. 
A  peculiar  part  of  Mr.  Claussen*s  patent  is  the  bleaching 
of  flax  and  its  disintegration,  which  is  said  to  be  efiected 


■  IS  ft  IS^WOOLLEN  AKD  WOBSfFSD. 
Abu<  L,  H.  K.  0. 10 10 17,  AKD  SouTE  l^uam  QiMJMax. 


teBM>7*ort  iVM»  "ftfatw.    It  taiMad  thrttkkii 

lHabMUfH,eBtlMmlittiTC  <rf  aaMld  wttb  ths  «i^ 
bwtfd  A4  in  lAU  tha  flu  ii  lUaped.— B.  R.] 

I,  Wnuub  Aodbn;  Ta-Uti^ 
■.  t.  BmUml    ll«lill(h<lll 


181        Bunanw,  J.,  «  Ot^Mt,  Bn^erd— 

>Wk  i^  %Mrf  0(1^  «aMd>ad  viOi  d] 

'  Vwwy  dbtii.  »t«Miw.l  with  grid  laj 

Oft  Md   I  Biiad  laitaM,  ambraU* 

aolan  af  riBi,  In  AUnirt  lidpi    dlk  imp  and  mizid 
a^didavlt.    Tfc»  wtwMtriM  li  dom  by  nmifajiiw^, 
d  MHte«Hibntd«r  uiinB  tn  •»  part  of  the 

■  •fOadM^M. 

183    On 


OlMAt  TChal  te  Ibnten  and  Ibfap  of  oaniieaa,  &0. 


■  of  Coburg  cloth,  6  and  7  quarten  wide,  mwla  of 
IjimJiiBlun,  ClUTiot,  South  Down,  Australian,  ajid 
Saionj  wool,  in  bnwn,  bUck,  green,  royal  blae,  icorlat, 
dr>b,  aiifl  FVoicb  gniy  coloun- 

PicMB  of  doable  twill,  7  qavtan  wide,  made  of  South 
Dcnm,  AnatikluHi,  and  Siixon;  wool,  in  claret,  ftea-green, 
aad  roykl  blue  coloan. 

All  tluae  pieoee  afv  (ued  for  lulieH^  dre—ea. 

naecB  of  coatinga,  7  qnarteia  wide,  in  very  dark  blue 
■ad    black   ooloium.       lleae   are   nrcd   far   geDtlemeo'e 


The  lettsn  affiled  to  the  ipeeimena  of  cloth  for  ladies' 
drwi»i  refer  to  oaTTeapouding  nutb  affixed  to  the  patterns 

TUa  woni 


185  BmmH  ft  Co.,  Abiagdim  Street,    Portland  Strttt, 
Maachater — HaouEacturera. 
ITttacikt  valTst,  tar  deooistioos,  furniture,  upholstery, 
and  oniip  lining!. 


1 86  Kat,  RiCRUDaoH,  &  Wno^  OumctryLane,  Maact 
— Hanufactnrers. 
Brocade  ^«M.    Chene  baiige  de  Valendennea.   Cheoe 
Yanaillaa.    Baliga  robe  de  Verona. 


CoCBa^m,  J.  ft  W.,  QaloAitl;  Scotland— 
Haouhcturen. 
of  Scotch  tweed  ti 


189      BaUMUOs  &  BiBUUi,  Qalathiela,  Scotland— 


Rp^mpnbU  tartaOB  iif  thn  TOth  or  ComeromiuiB,  the 
nni-d  or  SiithflrUod,  the  fl2nd  or  Gcrnlon,  tlie  JIat  or 
Mookoniie.  and  tho  4Jiid  t.r  Itoj-al  Hiehlnmlcre  ;  the 
"  aettfl"  takeu  &nm  Lo^ui's  "  S«itti(h  Oikst;"  in  a  siun- 
laer  fabric  of  ctotli.  mode  of  Goo  Sniciiiy  wool,  and  • 
sliepherd'a  cloth. 

The  Rnvtkl  titrUn,  (ho  Rojil  HlghionJeni,  the  Miu 
Keozie,  the  SiitliDi'limd.  imd  tiut  hiintic^  MncDonald 
turtftUB,  in  fa.brli's  for  lodita'  <li-esses,  mado  of  Smcany 
luiilw'-wooL      Sjjc<diiieiia    of  otbi-r  Sooltjah  &Lrice  far 


191 


Ixolu  ft  Bmwm,  aalaiiUt,  SoaOmA— 
Hanu&ctnma. 
of  Sootch  twsada. 


)2  Lni,  S.  ft  O.,  QalaAith,  AdCIm}— Kann&ohiMM. 

PUda:—iSnd  tartan.  Wanfcanrie.  Forliet,  Ynmm.  y\6. 
toite,  B«n]  Stewart,  H'Nml,  Oordui,  and  M-rhfrimw 

" 1  and  smaU  oheiA). 

Fnwc  t•rtM^  Boyal  Stowai^  Mad.  Gordoi^ 


"•zx: 


PUda  aa  worn  by  the  Bootdi  "■fl'*'"^  ni^meirti. 
ladiaa*  Soobdi  plaids,  shaphirdaM  and  fiuwy.  Oentla< 
man's  royal  Btewart  plaid.     Pieeea,8oatd)  tweed  Teatinga. 

Specimea  of  wool  ajid  fam,  showing  the  different  stages 
of  nLonufacture. 

196  SanPERSOH,  R.  ft  a.,  &  Co.,  GaUahitb,  Scotlmd— 
Manufacturers. 
Scotch  woollen  clan  and  fancy  plaids.      Oeutlemen'l 


197   FlF^  AlXXAND 


;b,  &  Co.,  77  Q'leen  Stnet,  Qlaagoui 

.Uunu&cturera. 

sw  dresa  fabrics.     One  dozen  fancy 

^en  union  shawls. 


98  Baisb*,  Knoj,  &  Co.,  8  St.  Viiufoi  Place,  QtaaQoa— 

Manu&cturera. 
Shawl  dreesee  for  robes  de  cbombre,  wool  and  cottcn, 
ach  4^  yards  long,  and  41  inches  broad. 


199     Laird  ft  Tbunson,  Bigravi  Slreel,  Qlatgoia— 
Hanufactiu^rs. 
Set  of  clan  patterns  in  gala  ctoth. 


200  WiNOATE,  Son.  &  Co.,  (?/<U|7oiff— Manufaeturera. 
Harness  woven  long  and  square  shawls;  printed  Bariga 

and  cashmere  and  woven  woollen  shawls.  Woollen  goods 
in  Ihe  piece. 

201  Campbell,  J.  ft  W.,  &  Co.,  M  CindUrijgi  Street, 

Glavioa — Proprietors. 

Scotch  printed  goods ;  texture  all  wool;  Tit: — bartge 
handkerchiefs,  British  manufacture;  cashmere  handker- 
chiefs, French  muiufacturei  square  shawls,  British  and 
French  manufacture. 

Orenadins  silk  shawls,  British  mouuf.ictuie. 

Fine  and  super  caiiiimere  d'ecosss  long  shawls,  texture 
all  wool,  and  Freuoh  manubcture. 

Qrenadiiie,  fine  and  super  barigo  long  ahawls,  ground 
British  Bkanufaeture. 


\.  Ilu]j,trated  CATALocm.] 


496 


Clasbeb  12  8s  16.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Arba8  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  TO  17,  AND  South  Traksbpt  Gallkbt, 


[Ukitsd 


Baz^e  mufflers,  on  French  ground,  Scotch  printed, 
and  on  cotton  and  wool  ground,  British  manufacture. 

Embroidered  square  shawls,  fabric  silk  and  wool, 
French  manufacture  and  Scotch  embroidery. 

Filled  long  shawls,  Scotch  manufacture. 

202  Cross,  William,  62  Queen  Street,  Glasgow,  and 

45  Friday  Street,  London — ^Manufacturer. 
Various  Saxony  wool  shawls;  clan,  shepherdess,  and 
fancy  patterns,  square;  and  long  Byzantine  style,  fancy 
pattern,  pure  cashmere;  and  checked  and  plain  Saxony 
wool  plaid  dresses. 

203  GiLMOUB,  William,  &  Co.,  Ghtsgotc — 

ManufiEkctiu^rs. 
Scotch  woollen  twcod  trouserings  ;    Scotch  woollen 
six-quarter  Saxony  tartans. 

204  Black  &  Winoate,  Ghsjou? — Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  cotton  yam,  spun  by  the  exhibitorB.  Raw 
cotton  cloth,  as  from  power-loom. 

Cheapest  cotton  Scotch  lawn  handkerchiefs;  one  dozen 
fine  cotton  lawn  handkerchiefs.  One  dozen  cheapest 
and  one  dozen  fine  cotton  Scotch  cambric  handkerchiofA. 
One  dozen  cheapest  embroidered  comer  cotton  handker- 
chiefs; four  handkerchief,  fine,  of  the  same  description. 

Two  dozen  Scotch  cambric  handkerchiefis,  fancy  bor- 
ders, &c.  Scotch  cambric  handkerchiefs,  imitation  em- 
broidery, in  the  loom. 

A  piece  of  fine  cotton  Scotch  cambric.  A  piece  of  fine 
I  bishop's  lawn.    A  piece,  fine  )  bishop's  lawn. 

One  dozen  cotton  fancy  shirt  fronts,  all  woven  in  the 
loom.    A  linen  shirt  front,  woven  in  the  loom. 

Three  fancy  linen  handkerchiefs.  Ti^'o  dozen  fancy 
printed  cotton  handkerchiefs.  Six  fimcy  printed  linen 
handkerc^efis. 

A  lady's  printed  cotton  bonnet. 

205  Leadbetter,  J.,  &  Co.,  Giasgov — Manufacturers. 
Pieces  of  fancy  linen,  entire;  mixed  and  union.    Linen 

"  listadoe."    Fancy  linen  drills. 

206  Baumann  &  WusscH,  Glasgou: — Agents  for 

Manufacturers  and  Exporters. 
Printed  shawls  of  wool,  worsted,  and  cotton,  of  various 
styles,  dimensions,  and  qualities;  printed  cotton  shawls 
and  handkerchiefs  in  same  variety.     Linens,  in  various 
stages  of  manufactui*e.     Mixed  fabrics. 

207  Helme,  W.,  New  MUls,  Stroud — ^Manufacturer. 
Cassimere  waistcoats,  of  various  colours  and  texture. 

Single-milled  and  half-milled  doeskin.  Cashmercttc,  silk 
warp,  woollen  wefts.  Cossimeres.  Sardiuians  for  wust- 
coats.  

208  Grist,  M.,  Cnpels  Mills,  Stroud — ^Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  mattress-wools,  woollen  millpufis,  and 

flocks,  used  for  filling  beds  and  stuffing  mattresses,  sofa 
cushions,  couches,  &o.  Manufactured  by  impro\'ed  ma- 
chinery, and  piuified  dming  the  process. 

209  Marling,  S.  S.,  &  Co.,  Ebley  Mills,  Stroud— 

Manufacturers. 
Superfine  broad  cloth,  single-milled,  wool-dyed,  woaded 
black,  &c. ;  superfine  doeskin,  treble,  double,  single,  and 
half-milled;  superfine  cassimere,  single-milled. 

210  Hooper,  C,  &  Co.,  Kiistington  Mills,  Stroud — 

Bfanufiicturers. 

Cloths,  wool-dyed,  woaded,  piece-dyed,  &c.,  viz.,  broad, 
block,  blue,  medley,  scarlet,  waterproof,  fancy  coloured, 
&c. 

Single-milled  cassimere,  black  and  scarlet. 

Patent  elastic  trousering,  and  gloving  cloth. 

21 1  Playne,  p.  p.  &  C,  JViii/wcwM— Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  single-milled,  woaded,  wool-dved,  black 

cloth;  superfine,  w(Mdod,  wool-dyed,  ladies'  black  cloth: 


and  woaded,  wool-dyed,  black  medium  cloth.  CSbm  am- 
taining  specimens,  illustratiTe  of  the  piooeas  of  mam- 
fjooturing  woollen  cloth. 

212  Partridge,  N.,  Bovdbndge,  jStroud— Designer. 

Double-colour  woollen  cloth,  for  officen'  doekiy 
dividing  saloons  in  the  East,  curtains,  &c.  Army  doth, 
improved  red.       

213  Palling,  William,  Lower  Milh,  Pcamwidt — 

Manufacturer. 

Piece  of  double-milled  scarlet  hunter,  ^J^  54  inohes 
wide. 

Piece  of  double-milled  cloth,  dyed,  54  inches  wide. 

Piece  of  double-milled  white,  imdyed,  for  troueers  and 
waistcoats. 

Piece  of  fine  single-milled  scarlet,  63  inches  wide. 

Piece  of  billiard  cloth,  72  inches  wide. 

Billiard  cloth,  green,  piece  dyed. 

214  Daties,  R.  S.,  &  Sons,  Ston^kmse  Mills,  Strmtd— 

Manufacturers. 
Nash  scarlet  cloth,  for  ofllcers'  fiill  uniform;  sheQ 
cloth  for  imdress  jackets.  White  cloth  for  uniforms. 
Scarlet  cloth,  for  foreign  uniforms.  Woaded  wool-dyed 
black  cloth;  single-milled  cassimere;  double-milled  sad 
single-milled  doeskin. 

215  Sampson,  Thomas,  LightpUl  MUls,  £SCrMitf— InTentor. 

Machine  for  twisting  the  fringe  of  wool  shawls. 
West  of  England  wool  shawls.     Twilled  bla^  flannel. 
Scarlet  flannel.      

210  Overburt,  Josiah,  Nind  and  Monk  MiOs^  near  WoUm- 
nnder-Kilfje,  Gloucestershire — ManuftKiturer. 
Superfine  Saxony  woollen  cloths,  wool-dyed,  woaded, 
black,  rifle,  and  medley,  and  blue-indigo,  dyed. 

217  Philups,  Smith,  Bt  Phiixits,  MeUakeun — 

Manufacturers. 
Sample  pieces  of  fine  Saxony  broad  cloth,  ooosLsting  of 
woaded  olive  (of  diflerent  shades),  woaded  rifle,  and  wool- 
dyed  black. 

218  Edmonds  &  Edmonds,  Bradford,  WUIb — 

Manufoctiu^rs. 

Piece  of  superfine  woollen  wool-dyed  black  doth,  made 
on  a  patent  principle. 

Piece  of  superfine  blue  cloth,  made  on  the  same  prin- 
ciple. 

Piece  of  superfine  woollen  cloth,  waterproofed. 


219  Barnes,  Elizabeth,  .^5  Queen  Street,  Oxford^ 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Counterpane,  composed  of  9,851   pieces,   of  hexagon 
shape,  and  about  the  size  of  a  shilling,  with  a  border  of 
amber-coloured  satin,  quilted,  of  same  size  and  sh^w, 
and  a  quilted  lining;  the  whole  the  woi^  of  an  invalid. 

220  Peters,  Daniel,  44  College  Green,  Britici— 

Manufacturer. 

Black  single-milled  kerseymere. 


221  Chick,  Robert,  Knapp  Mills,  near  Chard,  Somcreet — 

ManufjEu:turer. 
Samples  of  drab  cloth,  made  of  Elnglish  wool  by  power- 
loom.  

222  Phillips,  John,  Kiutpp  Mills,  near  Chard,  Somerset — 

Manufacturer! 

Striped  linscy  wolscy,  blue  and  white,  made  ttovi  flax 
and  wool.  Plain  blue  unsey,  and  white  linsey,  made  from 
flax  and  wool. 

These  articles  were  formerly  much  need  by  the 
middle  and  lower  classes  for  aprons  and  petticoats;  they 
are  again  coming  into  general  use,  especially  for  UnioD 
houses,  clothing  clubs,  and  charitable  institutions.  They 
are  durable  and  cIoac  in  texture. 


Kdtodom.] 


Classes  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Abeas  L.  M.  N,  0. 10  TO  17,  AND  South  Transept  Gallebt. 


497 


223  BiBD^  R.,  Crewieme — ^Manufacturer. 

Linen,  worsted,  white  and  coloured  linen  and  worsted, 
web«  for  girths,  braces,  &c. 

224  STAmoM  &  Son,  Lamft  MiU,  FordmgUm,  near 

Dorchetter — ^lianufM^urers. 
Drab  milled  waterproofed  cloths,  made  from  English 
wool;  used  fordriying  capes,  coachmen's  great-coats,  box- 
coats,  livery  co«ts,  gaiters,  &c. 

225  Amor,  Gbobok,  St.  Stephens  Street,  NorxoicK — 

Manufacturer. 
Bhstic  cloths  for  trousers,  gloves,  &o. 

226  Auxx  &  Banks*  21  London  Street,  Norwich- 

Proprietors. 
East  Anglian  woollen  cloths  for  gentlemen's  wearing 
anMtfel,  mannfiirtured  from  wool  grown  in  the  county  of 
Norfolk.  

227  Gaktix  &  Deas,  Perth — Manufacturers. 
Linsey-woolsey,  for  ladies'  dresses.   Hand-knitted  hose. 

Hand-loom  grsas-bleached  cotton  shirting,  &c.     Cotton 
and  linen  bed-tick. 


228      Cboxbie,  James,  &  Ck>.,  Cothal  MUh,  Aberdeen— 

Manufacturers. 
Scotch  tweeds,  of  Tarious  qualities. 


229  Thomson,  W.,  Stonehaven,  fib>f/amf— Manufacturer. 

Piece  of  cloth,  being  a  spedmen  of  a  method  of  work- 
ing up  engine  waste,  into  floor-cloth  or  carpeting. 

The  specimen  claims  notice  only  as  exhibiting  an  easy 
and  inexpeoaiTe  method  of  working  up  the  coarsest  engine 
waste  into  an  article  of  general  utility.  The  warp  is  linen 
or  tow  yam  twisted,  nine  pounds  per  spindle.  The  weft 
is  made  of  the  least  valuable  portion  of  the  waste  that 
hDM  from  the  wool-carding  engines;  slubbed  or  spun 
thirty-six  to  forty  pounds  per  spindle.  The  warp  is  set 
rmrj  thin,  nine  unpads  to  the  inch,  woven  plain.  The 
pattern  i^  produced  by  doubling  and  dipping  one  end  of 
the  liAiik  <»f  weft  into  the  dye  vat,  and  in  weavinf^  it  falls 
int'>  the  pattern  exhibited.  The  cloth  is  durable,  from 
t*.-  waq>  tlireads  being  covered  and  protected  on  b(jth 
*i«iei4  by  the  weft. 

2.;«»     BRrsTON,  Wm.  J.,  &  Co.,  St.  LcmfinVs  F.icionj, 
Liiin^finfh —  Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

A  r.irifty  of  fine  wool  Kcarf  shawla,  vtunously  named. 

Su|.<?rior  jrentlemen's  plaidj* — the  Duurobin. 

S|*<cinien  (»f  German  lambs'  wool  and  yam,  of  which 
tL».'  .-huwb*  are  made. 


2-»l   Bowman.  Jaxes,  &  Son,  LamjkAm — Manufacturers. 

Hhrphenl  check  tweeds,  of  Scotch  and  Australian 
w*iol. 

Kuicy  nhepherd  tweeil,  and  fine  shepherd  check  of 
A'i-tnlliai  wcMil. 

SL»'{'hiTil  chuck  union,  and  shepherd  union  of  cotton 

*itrutJfmen*j«  shepherd  plaid  of  German  wool. 


2  '»2  Btees.  Andrew,  &  So.v,  hmfholm — Manufacturers. 

hj^<'iui«.-n  of  uniim  Hhepber<rrf  twee<l,  cotton  twist  warp 
&i*-l  ^acvii.t  w<>»l  weft,  for  trouserings,  and  of  <>-♦)  sliej)- 
hrrd*  twoed,  made  of  strong  Cheviot  wool.  (inuiite 
t»i?.>i,  elastic,  <)f  foreign  wool,  double  twist.  Shepherd's 
tw*«c«i.  eloi^tic.  double  twist,  of  forei^  wool.  .">U-inch 
:  :.-  y.  tu^le  of  cott(»n  twint  and  wo«dlen  weft.  <)-«i  shoji- 
Imti-i  «  ftcarf,  for  plaid,  made  from  fine  foreigu  wool, 
»i-'i'-lo  J  Am.  Kailway  plaiil,  or  wnipper.  iiimle  from 
d  •^'  \<  t^*i<•t  yam,  foreign  wool.  4-4  shepherd's  tweed, 
el*^*.«c,  dou)d»;  twist,  from  foroij^  w»)ol. 

2.i-J     RfurwicE,  Thoma-s  &  Alkxandkb,  LaHjholm — 

Manufiicturers. 
.^«ecim«ns  of  Unsey-woUey  weft,  Kflkilale  shepherd  plaid, 
abri  sk^itcli  ho*idry  yam;  Scotch  twoe<l  ;uid  marble  yum 
*.f  Aurtrdian  w.»<d. 


234  DiCKflONS  &  Laings,  Hawick  and  Glasgow — 

Manufacturers. 

Scotch  lambs* -wool  hosiery,  &c.,  of  various  descriptions, 
patterns,  and  qualities,  including  men's  hose  and  half- 
hose.  Highland  clan  tartans,  women's  hose,  men's  shirts, 
gauze  shirts,  long  drawers,  ladies'  vests  and  dresses,  &c. 

Clan  tartan ;  shepherdess  tartan,  and  fancy  tartan  wool 
plaids.  Cheviot,  Australian,  and  Saxony  wool  trouser- 
ings.  

235  Smith,  J.  &  Sons,  Saddleworth,  near  Manchester. 

Agents,  NiELD  and  Collandeb,  London. 
Fine  and  superfine  and  silk  warp  and  stout  flannels; 
fine  and  superfine  and  silk  warp. 
Shawls  and  scarfs  for  printing. 

236  Haigh,  Thomas,  &  Sons,  9  New  Brown  Street, 

Manchester — Manufacturers. 
Black  broad  cloth.     The  same,  wool  and  cotton. 


237  Bamfobd,  John,  Rochdale,  Lancashire — 

Manufacturer. 
Fine  gauze  flannel,  manufactured  from  sheep's  wool. 


238        Lewis,  Wiujam,  LlandHofawn,  Wales — 

Manufacturer. 
Welsh  woollen  cloth. 


239  Pearson,  J.,  Carlisle — Manufacturer. 
Woollen  and  cotton  trouserings. 

240  Dalbtmpl£,  William,  Union  Mills,  Douglas,  Isle 

of  Man — Manufacturer. 
Shepherd  plaid,   cloth  made  from  Australian  wool. 
Striped  and  Tweed  cloth  and  shepherd  plaid,  made  from 
the  wool  of  the  island,  and  manufactured  by  the  natives. 

241  Whttmore  8c  Co.,  Leicester — Manufactiu^rs. 
Worsted  yams  for  hosiery,  fleecy,  and  for  embroidery 

and  soft  knitting. 

242  Bbewin  &  WuKTSTONE,  Leicester — Manufacturers. 
Worsted  and  merino  yams. 


243     Burgess,  Alfred,  &  Co.,  Leicester — Spinnei-s. 

Berlin  wool  embroidery  yams,  spun  by  the  exhibitoi's, 
from  Gemian  and  colonial  wools. 

Soft  and  hard  knitting  yarns. 

Shetland,  embroidery,  weft,  hosiery,  alpaca,  mohair, 
and  other  yams,  single  imd  doubled. 

Specimens  of  the  difforeut  wools  used  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  these  yams,  and  in  the  various  stages  of  prejjttra- 
tion,  until  finished  into  yjuiis. 


244  PopPLETON,  li.,  M\'st<jiitej  Wakefield — Manufacturer. 
Manufactured  knitting  worsteds  and  yai-na. 


245    Wilson,  John  J.  &  W.,  Kendal — Manufacturers. 

Railway  wrapi>er8  plain,  and  with  varied  design  and 
colour  on  both  sides.  Stout  horse-clotliing;  also,  fine 
and  light  clothing,  for  race-hoi*se«. 

24()        Gandv,  Geuaud,  Knulil — Mtmufacturer. 

Brace,  giith,  and  roller  webs,  in  woi-sted  and  woollen; 
and  manufrxturcd  entirely  with  woi-sted. 

Hoi*se  sheetings,  railway  blankets,  blue  and  white 
seyefl,  broiwl  and  narrow  collarn -checks,  with  other  woollen 
articlert  for  the  use  of  saxldlei-s. 


247    Ireijinp,  John,  &  Co.,  Krwl'.l — M:uuif;uturerH. 

Bail  way  travelling  rugs  of  various  (qualities,  and  hospital 
bed-rugM.  Horsf?  blankets  of  various  qualitioH.  Alj»aca 
cloth  for  ponchos,  coatings,  &o.  Sjiddlecloths,  for  foreign 
markets.  Prince's  check  and  kersey,  for  horse  clothing. 
Serge  and  collar  check,  for  siwldlory  purposes.  Siixony 
lining.     Tilting,  for  horse  clothing,  &c. 

Checked  flannel,  for  Hhii-ting. 

2  R  2 


498 


Classes  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Aheas  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  to  17,  and  South  Transept  Gaixeby. 


[Ukited 


Pluding,  for  sailors'  shirtR. 
Lisbum  check,  for  horse  clothing. 
Linsey  and  drugget,  for  women's  clothing. 
Qentlemen's  scarfs  (shepherds'  plaid  pattern). 

248      Mansell,  David,  Brecon — Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  woollen  goods. 

240  Martin,  J.,  CockermatUh — Inventor. 

Ventilating  waterproof  cloth  and  paper. 

Improved  mode  of  making  all  kinds  of  cloth  and 
paper,  including  silk,  net,  lace,  &c.,  complete  repellants 
of  moisture. 

The  paper  is  manufactured  by  I.  Cropper,  Esq.,  Bume- 
side,  near  Kendal. 

250  Salter,  Samuel,  &  CJo.,  Trowhridje,  WUts— 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  fine  woollen  trouserings,  comprising  fan<^ 
plaids,   ribbed  checks,    doeskin,  black  cross   rib,  black 
elastic,  black  deerskin,  black  fancy  elastic,  military  mix- 
ture, and  elastic  Angola. 

251  Hughes,  Robert,  Tregarth,  Bangor,  Wales — 

Manufacturer. 
Gown  pieces  of  Welsh  linsey,  and  apron  of  the  same, 
woven    in  a  loom,    invented  and  constructed   by  the 
exhibitor.  

252  Wilson,  W.,  &  Sons,  Hamck — Manufacturers. 
Scotch  mauds,  and  travelling  wrappers. 

253  Mills,  Elizabeth,  DoljeUy — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Linsey  dresses,  mixed  with  silk.     Linsey  aprons. 
Waistcoat-pieces,  made  of  Welsh  wool. 
Welsh  cloth,  for  gentlemen's  shooting-clothes.    Cricket 
cloth.     Merionethshire  web. 


254  Lloyd,  Wm.,  &  Co.,  Newtown^  Montgomery,  Wales— 

Manufacturers. 
Various  specimens  of  Welsh  flannel,  all  manufactured 
from  sheep's  wool. 

255  PiM  Brothers  &  Co.,  Ditblin — Designers  and 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  plain  Irish  poplin,  double  tabinet,  corded, 
tartan,  and  figured  poplins,  registered  designs;  brocaded 
poplin.  

256  Atkinson,  Richard,  &  Co.,  31  College  Qreen,  Dublin 

— Proprietors. 

Brocaded  and  gold-barred  Irish  poplin,  with  rose, 
thistle,  and  shamrock  coloured  to  nature. 

Oold  tissue  Irish  poplins,  patteim,  Prince  of  Wales's 
plume.  Irish  poplins,  brocaded,  ribbed,  and  double; 
double  watered,  demi-ribbed,  and  plain;  and  shaded, 
plaided,  and  figured. 

Brocaded  and  tissued  Irish  poplin  scarfs;  Irish  popliu 
waistcoatings  tissued  with  gold ;  and  brocadetl  and  figured. 

Striped  furniture  and  figured  tabourets.  Specimens  of 
all  kinds  and  qualities  of  Irish  poplins. 


257  Willans  Brothers  &  Co.,  Island  Bridge  Mills,  neir 

Dublin — Manufacturers. 
Albert  and  bro^^n  mixture,  super  frieze. 
Cambridge  mixture,  tweeds  for  sliepherd's  plaids. 
Officers',  Serjeants',  and  privates'  military  tartan. 
Woollen  shawl  yam. 

258  Dillon,  Luke,  7  Parlia%ncnt  Street,  Dublin — ^Designer. 

Pieces  of  friezes  and  "rumswizzles,"  of  different  colours 
and  substances;  comprising  light  angola,  medium  and 
heavy  materials  for  clothing  purposes. 

The  rumswizzle  is  made  rrom  undyed  foreign  wool, 
preserving  its  natural  property  of  resisting  wet,  and 
p->Rfio88ing  the  qualities  of  common  cloth. 


259  Allen,  Richard,  28  Lowr  SackvilU  Street,  Dublin — 

Proprietor. 

Irish-made  heather  tweeds,  of  various  shades. 

Irish  frieze,  natural  colour,  undyed. 

Superfine  and  napped  frieze. 

Sheep's  grey  frieze,  county  Meath  colour. 

Dark  grey  nieze,  Connaught  colour. 

Black  cassimere  embroidered  vests. 

This  portion  of  Irish  manufacture,  is,  probably,  one  of 
the  most  interesting  in  Ireland.  The  designs  are  by 
James  Healy,  a  pupil  of  the  Dublin  School  of  DesigB* 
They  are  worked  by  Miss  Hamilton  and  others. 

Irish  lawn  embroidered  vest  pieces.  Linens,  various 
qualities. 

Irish  linen  shirt  fronts  and  Irish  linen  shirts;  exhi- 
bited for  quality  and  work.  Frieze  wrapper,  for  gentle- 
men, linea  with  Irish  tabinet. 

Irish  sheep's  grey  and  undyed  wool  firieze  pea  coats. 
Four-in-hand  frieze  wrapper.  Black  tweed  morning  coat. 
Heather-tweed  shooting  coat.  Tweed  youth's  morning 
coat.  Frieze  youth's  polka  jacket.  Frieze  Connaught 
man's  coat. 

The  preceding  are  exhibited  for  manufacture,  work* 
manship,  and  costume. 

Fancy  tabinet  vests. 

Frieze  embroidered  vests  of  black  doth.  Lawn  em- 
broidered  vests.     Linen  coats. 

Samples  of  figured  and  double-watered  tabinets,  ma- 
nufactured by  Edward  Jones,  of  3  Si.  Andrew  Street^ 
Dublin.  

260  Macdona,  G.,  32  Molesujorth  Street,  Dublin— 

Manufacturer. 
Piece  of  frieze,  designated  the  "  Albert  friese.*' 
Pieces  of  heather  and  black  tweeds. 
Patent  drawers,  with  bands  attached. 
Black  embroidered  tabinet  vesting,  embroidered  gold. 
Black  embroidered  cloth  vesting,  embroidered  gold. 


2G1  NiooLLS,  Alexander,  Cork,  Ireland — ^Manu&ciurer. 
Blankets,  flannels,  swanskins,  and  friezes. 


262  MuRPHT,  Margaret,  Ballysmuiton,  Blesinion,  Ireland 

— Manufincturer. 
Home-made  frieze,  from  wool  grown  and  spun  by  the 
exhibitor. 

263  Neill,  Catherine,  &  Sons,  TaUaght,  Dublin— 

Manufacturers. 
Brown  mixed,  and  sheep's  grey  frieze. 
Blankets. 


264       Daly,  John,  Tipperan/,  Cashel,  Ireland — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  plain  friezes,  of  various  colours,  chiefly 
used  for  men's  clothing,  and  horse-sheeting.     Manufac- 
tured  at  Rossmore  mills. 


265  Jones,  E.,  Dublin — Manufacturer. 
Si>ecimens  of  tabinets  and  poplins. 

266  Reynolds,  William,  81  Grafton  Street,  Dublin — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Imperial  blue  and  gold,  and  white  and  gold  tissue 
poplin. 

White  and  gold,  marone,  light  blue  and  silver  corded^ 
white  and  gold  shamrock  figured  poplin. 

Imperial  blue  and  amber  (''oncidium  Devomanum**), 
crimson  and  fawn  colour  furniture  poplin. 

Imperial  blue  and  white  stri{)ed,  pink  and  white,  sage 
and  violet,  cerulean  blue  and  white,  cerulean  blue  and 
cerise,  peach-blossom,  jonquil,  lavender,  amaranthe,  roee 
de  Chine,  white,  apricot,  and  Imperial  blue  double* 
watered  fiimiture  poplin. 

Scarlet,  "  juif  errant"  green,  and  emerald  unwatered 
fumitture  poplin. 

Rose  de  Chine  and  white  corded  fumitiure  poplin. 

Jonquil,  apricot,  and  cerulean  blue  semidouble  corded 
poplin. 


Kingdom.] 


Classes  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  to  17,  and  South  Transept  Gallery. 


499 


SUrer  grey,  white,  blue,  and  cerise,  tri-couleur  sham- 
rock-figured p<^liii. 

Imperial  blue,  fawn  and  scarlet,  fawn  and  violet  satin 
plaided  poplin. 

Green  and  white,  solitaire  and  white,  and  pearl  and 
oerise  plaided  poplin. 

Ro jal  Victoria,  Boyal  Albert,  Royal  Stuart,  and  Gordon 
tartan  poplin. 

Imperial  blue  and  white  checked  poplin. 

Orej  shaded  and  stone-colour  semidouble  poplin. 

Cerulean  blue,  oouleur  de  rose,  and  vers  d'lUy  plain 
poplin. 

Crimoon  and  amber   furniture    poplin    (Shrewsbury 

0. 


267     Fbt,  Wiluax,  &  Co.,  Dttbtin — Manufacturers. 

Mizad  fSikbrics;  plain  and  shaded,  figured,  watered, 
plaid  tartan,  and  brooaded  poplins. 

Curtains,  figured,  striped,  and  velvet  tabarets. 

Miacellaiieous  manufiictures  and  small  wares.  Patterns 
of 


268  KiKf.T,  J.,  &  Co.,  Witney — Manufacturers. 
A  variety  of  Witney  blankets. 

269  Eaklt,  Edward,  Witney — Manufeusturer. 

Witney  blankets,  made  from  different  descriptions  of 
Kngltsh  wools. 

Blankets  made  from  merinos;  from  half-bred  merinos; 
from  pure  South-downs;  from  half-bred  Downs;  from 
Ozfordahire  long  wool ;  fmm.  Cotswold  wool ;  and  from  a 
mixture  of  the  previous  lots,  and  some  Welsh  lambs' 
wool. 

Various  crib  blankets,  girth  and  roller  webs,  &c. 

270  Blim,  Wiluax,  Chipping  Norton,  Oxfordshire — 

Manufacturer. 

Kersey  eheck  for  winter  horse-clothing;  in  new  and 
fiuiey  patterns,  with  a  specimen  suit  of  horse-clothing, 
ornamentally  bordered. 

Registerea  double  kersey  check  for  improved  venti- 
lating horse-elothing,  combining  the  advantages  of  a 
#uit  of  hor«e  clothing  and  a  blanket;  various  patterns, 
with  specimen  fluita  made  up  in  a  new  metliod. 

S'i}«erfine  kersey  eheck  for  clothing  race-horses;  various 
rrttteras,  with  a  ppecimen  suit,  and  a  suit  of  blanket 
cp»thins?  for  training  race-horses. 

I'rinct;'-*  check  for  Huminer  horse -clothing,  in  new 
j<tt%-mfl.  with  a  i«uit  of  clotliing. 

Roller  Webbing  for  hor.so-clothing.  Girth,  belt,  and 
l.pAi.e  wel»>»ing,     Itiilway  aprons. 

A][*.%  Vicuna  heaver  cloth,  fine,  for  lathes'  cloaks;  and 
f>^l«>'it.  f  »r  irentleniou'H  great-coatd. 

Tw't.ii..*  fi»r  gentleinen*H  trousers. 

Tr»e  n^^i-^tcretl  Alptt  Vicuna  Royal  shawl;  specimens 
in  Li»*w  {«ittt.'m5  juid  coloiu's. 

.\n^'il;i  Koyal  Hhawbi,  in  various  patterns  and  colours. 
EW-aviT  *L\wI.«». 

Rt^.hjter»"d  wintt^r  coverlets  for  beck. 

i'  t  coverlet,  woven  in  imitation  of  the  Indian  tambour 
an  1  ^*i«ket-w.>rk,  juid  ornamented  with  needle- work. 

Iui{>erial  "puj«"  bogging,  shown  in  various  subst^mccs 
m^i  w~i«lth8. 

White  *'puart"  cloth.  Venetian  conl,  in  a  variety  of 
C'-'l  •or*. 

271  WnEtXER,  William  Sidney,  4  Lmlj<(tc  Sir^rt, 

— Manufjicturer. 
.SATijjilta*  of  {latent  fur  beavers;  patent  dre«3  iK'avers,' 
f«i:<iit  m«'h.ur  cloths;  fancy  doeskinH,  and  woollen  an«l 
«ilk  vi<9ittii/i*. 

TLir  novt'lty  of  the  alwre  ]>atent  mohair  cloth  and 
jrtT/^t  beavers  irf  in  their  being  manufacture<l  on  a  jirin- 
npfe  tntircJy  different  from  that  of  other  clotlis,  and  from 
th"  peculiarity  of  the  construction  in  the  weaving,  pos- 
'  Jig  grtat  advaiiLiges  in  warmth  and  wear. 


272  Fox,  John  J.,  &  Co.,  Ihrizes — Maimfacturei-s. 

DnJ>  milled  br«*ad-cloth,  wateqiroof,  made  of  South- 
^.fwn  ^ij>At  grown  in  Wiltdhirc. 


Narrow  cloth  for  trousers,  made  of  the  same  wool, 
with  samples  of  the  raw  material,  in  various  stages  of 
manufiEtcture. 

273  Cabr,  T.  &  W.,  Ttrerton  Mills,  5a^A— Manufacturers. 
Super-electoral  blue  cloth  (indigo-dyed),  and  fast  black 

cloth,  from  Cerman  wool.  Bath  fur  beaver,  and  dressec^ 
fur — fine  Australian  wool.  Extra-milled  black  beaver, 
and  black  Venetian,  or  summer  cloth — German  wool. 

274  Johnston,  J.,  Xewmill,  Eljin,  Scotland — Manufactmrer, 
Mauds,  or  plaids,  made  of  uudyed  or  natural  brown 

wool,  of  different  kinds  and  countries,  viz.,  Cheviot, 
Southdown,  Australian,  Peruvian,  Alpaca,  Vicuna,  &c. 
They  are  used  as  a  wrapper  for  the  shoulders  in  walldug, 
or  for  the  knees  in  driving. 

Ends,  twenty  yards  each,  natural  brown  twoed,  of 
different  wools,  waterproofed.  These  cloths  are  exhibited 
for  cheapness  and  durability. 

Nos.  275  to  313  in  South  Transept  Gallery. 

Shawls  in  the  South-west  Gallery  of  the  Transept. 

275  Kerb  k  Scott,  31  <md  32  St,  PauTs  Churchyard— 

Warehousemen. 
Various  long  and  square  grenadines,  all  silk;  and 
Bar^e,  silk  and  wool.  Square  satin  figured;  and  scarf, 
embroidered  with  gold  and  silk.  Square  chenilles.  Long 
and  square  Bar^e  harness,  wove  and  printed;  long 
grenadines;  square  Albanian;  long  soft  silk;  and  Barege, 
with  silk  stripes.  Square  crapes,  printed  in  imitation  of 
real  China.  Long  and  square  wool  shawls,  clan  and  fancy 
patterns;  combination  of  colouring.  Cloakings,  clan 
patterns.  Harness  and  jacquard-wove  shawls.  Long 
and  square  mosaic  compartment,  green,  white,  and  scarlet 
cashmere.  Long  floral  cashmeres,  and  soft  silks.  Squares 
soft  silk,  single  and  double  wove.  Long  India  coloured 
and  square  compartment  cashmeres.  Manufactured  by 
R.  Kerr,  Paisley. 

27G  Lewis  &ALLEXBY,  193,  195,  &  197  Regent  Street— 

Proprietors. 
Barege  shawls  of  British  printing  (regirfteredj.  The 
design,  by  C.  J.  Lewis,  so  an-anged  as  to  admit  of  various 
combinations  of  the  blocks  without  destroying  in  any 
part  the  continuity  and  completeness  of  the  j)attem,  with 
either  plain  or  filled  centre. 


277  Wedber,  John,  &  Haiiis,  Oeoiige,  31  Milk  St.  City 

— Producers. 
Printed  Barege  long  and  K<]uare  shawls;  Cashmere  an<l 
Grenadine.    Piiuted  haudkerchiefo,  various  ;  and  Foulaixl 
dresft'cs. 

278  Jameson  k  Banks,  Jloncy  Lane  Market,  ChC'ipsile — 

Manufacturers. 
Barege  long  shawls,  printed,    wool  textm-o;  silk  and 
mixed  texture. 

liart?ge  square  shawls,  of  the  same  description. 
Cachemire  d'Ecosse,  printed,  wool  textui-e. 
Crape  s4UiU*e  shawls,  printed,  silk  texture. 

279  Keith,  Shoodiiiik;e,  &  Co.,  l'2\^  Wood  Street — 

Piodncers  and  Propriotors. 
Shawls:    i»rinted    Barege   long  and  square;  grenadine 
silk;  Cachmere;  mufiicrs;  and  siitiu  long  and  squiu-e. 

280  H()L5IKS  &  Co.,  117  L'r.jrnt  >7/a^— Designei-s 

and  Manufacturers. 
Circular  shawl,  new  in  form  au<l  design.     lleg".>.tcrcd 
by  the  exliibitors. 

281  Stande-S  &  Co.,  1 1*2  Jenty/n  .^treet,  .S7.  Jnhus's — 

Importers. 
"NMiite  Shethmd  knitted  shawl.     Bridal  veil.     Pair  of 
white  stockings.     Brown,  grey,  and  white  gloves-  iiatund 
colours.      The  Shethmd  wool  of  which  these  specimens 
com«ijit  is  haudspuu. 


500 


Classes  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Abeas  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  TO  17,  AND  South  Transept  Gallery. 


[United 


282  Littlbb,  Mart  Ann,  Merton  Abbey,  Surreif — 

Producer. 
Bar^  shawls,  of  British  manufacture. 
Twilled  bandfumas,  of  British  manufacture. 
Specimens  of  wax  and  chintz  printing;  exhibited  for 
novelty  of  design  and  colour,  madder  red. 

283  SwAiSLAND,  Charus,  Cray  ford,  Kent — ^Manufacturer. 
Printed  Bar^  shawls. 

Printed  Chinese  velvet  for  furnitures  (or  application 
plush). 
Printed  flannels  for  dresses. 


284  Clabburn  &  Son,  Norwich — ^Manu^Mturors. 

Registered  figured  Cashmere  shawls. 
Spun-silk,  fancy  check,  and  Albanian  silk  shawls. 
Registered  Jacquard  figured  poplins,  and  Chin^  poplins. 
Jacquard  figured  and  plain  dresses,  mixed  fjEkbrics. 

285  Blakelt,  Edward  THix>BALD,  liker  House  Factory, 

Duk^s  Palace,  Norwich — Manufacturer. 

Norwich  Cashmere  green  scarf  shawl,  gold  introduced. 

Shawls  of  Cashmere  wool,  pine  and  flower  pattern;  and 
pine  and  flower  pattern,  gold  introduced :  the  eflect  pro- 
duced is  by  eighty-eight  shoots  on  the  inch:  design  by 
John  Funnell. 

Anglo-Indian  scarfs,  shawls,  dresses,  brocade,  &c. 

286  TowLBR,  Cahpin,  &  Co.,  Eim  JTUi,  Norwich,  and  46 

Friday  Street,  London — ^Manufacturers. 

Fillover  soaifs:  silk  ground,  the  pattern  extending 
four  yards  in  length  and  two  in  width.  Silk  ground 
of  new  designs,  and  mixed  material;  the  same,  white  silk 
scarf  and  shawl,  printed. 

White  silk-net  shawl,  printed.  Black  silk-net  shawl, 
printed. 

Ladies'  paletots,  woven  to  fit  the  shape,  on  silk  ground, 
and  of  mixed  materials,  with  and  without  ornamented 
villover  work. 

Black  silk  net  scarf,  printed. 

287  Whitehtll,  M.,  &  Co.,  Paisley — Manufacturers. 
Worsted  and  cotton  scarfia,  with  tamboured  ends;  and 

shawls  and  handkerchiefiB,  embroidered;  the  same  in 
wool. 

Quilting,  cloth,  and  wool  embroidered  vests. 

Embroidered  satin  aprons  and  babies'  robes. 

Tamboiired  and  embroidered  dresses.  Zephyr  shawls. 
Silk  dresses. 

Plain  black  scarf  and  shawl.  Cashmere  and  Barege 
scarfs  and  shawls.  Velvet  vests.  Table-covers.  Cloakings. 

288  Holms  Brothers,  7  St^  Mirrcn's  Street,  Paisley,  and 

21  Friday  St.,  Chcapside — Manufacturers. 
Fine  wool  long  shawls — ^the  tartans  of  the  clans  of 
Scotland.    Fancy  tartan  and  plain  wool  long  shawls. 
Vicuna  long  shawl.    Wool  tartan  cloaking. 

289  Burgess,  Charles,  Paisley — ^Manufacturer. 
Long  woven  shawls. 

290  Baird,  John,  Paisley — Manufacturer. 
Embroidered  French  merino  ladies'  dresses.    Embroi- 
dered Canton  crape  shawls. 


291    Forbes  &  Hutchison,  Paisley — Manufacturers. 

Paisley  woven,  printed,  tartan  wool,  embroidered,  and 
figure  gauze  shawls.  Printed,  tartan  wool,  and  em- 
broidered handkerchiefis.  Printed  and  tartan  wool  muf- 
flers. Embroidered  vests,  and  robe.  Tartan  and  printed 
dresses. 


292  AbercroMbie  &  Tuill,  Paisley — ^Manufacturers. 
Printed  long  and  square  shawls. 

293  Clare,  John,  jun.,  and  Co.,  Caiucyside,  Paidey — 

Manufacturers. 
Printed  Cashmere  long  and  square  shawls  or  plaids. 


294  Lawson,  John^  &  Co.,  Caledonia  Print  Works,  Paisley 

— ^Printers. 
Bar^  printed  shawls  in  wool,  and  in  silk. 


295  Dick,  Walter,  &  Sons,  Paisley-- 

Printed  Cashmere  shawls. 


296 


Roxburgh,  John  &  Andrew,  Paisley — 
Manufacturers. 
Woven  long  shawls. 


297  Macfarlane,  Son,  &  Co.,  Paisley — Mannfiiciureni. 
Spun  silk  fabrics,  for  ladies'  dresses,  in  clan  tartans  and 

fancy  designs. 

298  Stewart,  Robert,  Paisley — Proprietor  ft  Producer. 
Hutchison,  Thomas,  Paisley — Inventor  and  Patentee. 

Machine  for  inventing  and  displaying  patterns  in  stripes, 
cheques,  and  tartans,  by  means  of  uiding  mirrors  and 
coloured  glass,  suitable  for  manufacturOTS  of  textile 
fabrics,  whether  in  cotton,  woollen,  silk,  or  linen,  or  a 
combination  of  two  or  more  of  these  materials. 

The  advantages  of  this  machine  are — the  Badlity  with 
which  any  pattern,  or  idea  of  a  pattern,  may  be  set  up 
and  displayed — the  variety  of  designs  it  can  produee— 
and  the  ease  and  simplicity  of  accomplishing  them.  It  is 
not  at  all  necessary  to  paint  the  pattern  on  paper,  after 
viewing  it  through  the  mirrors,  as  the  scales  attached 
show  at  once  the  required  number  of  threads  of  each 
colour,  and  how  many  repeats  are  necessary  for  the 
breadth  of  the  web,  and  it  displays  at  once,  not  only  the 
repeat,  but  the  whole  breadth,  and  a  considerable  portion 
of  the  length  of  the  cloth  at  one  view. 

By  this  invention,  the  precise  effect  of  a  pattern  may  be 
produced,  in  the  course  of  a  few  xninutetB,  without  any 
expense,  multiplied  to  any  extent,  and  it  may  be  enlai^ged 
or  diminished  at  pleasure.  The  chief  novelty,  however, 
of  this  machine,  which  is  exhibited  for  its  simpUoity  and 
the  ease  of  its  adaptation,  is,  that  the  precise  effect  of  the 
cloth  in  a  finished  state  is  accurately  represented,  the 
crisp  transparent  effect  of  a  silk  fabric  being  truly  giveOy 
as  well  as  the  soft  and  more  opaque  effect  of  a  woollen 
fabric. 

This  invention  is  new  in  principle,  being  a  novel  i^mli- 
cation  of  coloured  glass  to  useful  and  essentially  practical 
puiposes. 

299  Morgan,  John,  &  Co.,  Paisley,  and  St,  PentTs  Churdk- 

yard,  Londtyn — ^Manufacturers. 
Woven  long  shawls,  of  Cashmere  yam  and  new  designs; 
of  silk  and  wool ;  and  of  mosaic  style^    Woollen  plaids. 
Printed  Bar6ge  long  shawls. 

300  Kerr,  Robert,  Paisley — ManufiKsturer. 

India  long  and  square  shawls.  Printed  and  fiaiiey  wool 
long  and  square  shawls. 

301  Robertson,  J.  &  J.,  3  Fhrbes  Place,  Paisley^ 

Manufacturers. 
Coloured  woven  harness,   wool  plaids   and   shawls  ; 
coloured  printed  plaids  and  shawls,  in  Bar^,  Cashmeres 
d'Ecosso,  and  Cashemere  fabrics. 

302  RowAT,  R.  T.  ft  J.,  Pau/fy— Manufacturers. 
Printed  Barbge  and  Cashmere  long  shawls  {   printed 

wool  square  shawls. 

303  Mason,  W.,  &  Co.,  Honey  Lane,  Cheapside — Producers. 
Drees  fabrics — sprinted  Cashmere  and  Llama  wool  tex- 
ture. 

Printed  chind,  glace,  and  printed  and  embr<»dSrecl 
"jasp^"  cai^miere,  wool  and  cotton  texture. 

304  Weloh,  Maroefson  ft  Co.,  Chcapside — 

Manufacturersi 

Dreasing-go^rn  fabrics; 


Kingdom.] 


CLABias  12  &  16.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Abbas  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  to  17,  and  South  Tbakseft  Gallery. 


501 


305  SAU>ifoii%  B.,  ft  SoMB,  42  Old  CAan^^— Proprieton. 

Child's  frock,  embroidered  on  French  cambric. 

A  kdj*!  embroidered  robe. 

LAdiee'  worked  sleeTee;  worked  muslin  chemisettee, 
h«bit  shirts,  collars,  jaconet  collars,  and  trimmings. 

Samples  of  Irish  cambric  handkerchiefs,  embroidered 
in  Ireland;  and  of  French  cambric  handkorchiefs. 

Specimens  of  muslin  trimmings,  flouncings,  and  inaor- 
tions.     Ladies'  embroidered  muslin  dresses,  ftc. 

Samples  of  ladies'  stays,  ftc. 

Selection  of  muslin  and  laoe  articles,  and  of  articles  for 
mourning,  for  ladies*  wear. 

Beleetion  of  patterns  of  new  trimmings,  for  dresses  and 


Mixed  fiabrios  of  silk  and  wool,  &ncy  materiak,  for 
ladie^  drsasea. 

dress  and  mantle,  ftc. 


d06  Poos,  J.  W.,  16SaDdl65i2:09#n<SiBr««<— Produoera. 


307      Savcb,  J.,  &  Go.,  Cona«/^-~Manu£Mituren. 

Mixed  Cibrios.  Ptitent  piuma,  or  six-ounce  coat,  with 
only  one  seam  in  the  body,  of  a  material  known  hitherto 
chiefly  in  India,  and  "  manufactured  by  the  poor  Hindoos." 
Ovltaperoha  cases.  Plain  piuma  cloth,  waterproofed. 
A  new  material,  a  mixture  of  silk  and  vicugna,  extra 


308  CkuMEnOT,  P.  A.,  3  iLimfi  Mead  Cottage,  New  North 
Boad,  lairngtom — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
SpecinMQB  of  woven  fiJuics  in  various  colours,  plain 
aad  igured,  fimshed  by  patent  machinery.     In  dressing 
iiiMiiiwg  the  oolours  of  the  fabrics  are  firmly  fixed, 
rendered  brilliant  by  chemical  agency. 


309  TowuoL,  Campih,  ft  Co.,  £im  Mill,  Xorwick,  end  46 

Friday  Street,  Lcmdom — Mannfacturera. 
KonridiGfaaUL 

Satin  striped  de  laine  for  ladies'  dresses. 
Fwunatta  cloth  for  ladies'  dresses.    Figured  and  plain 
barige  for  dresses.  

310  WiiAET,  Edward,  Nephew,  &  Co.,  Xorwich — 

Miinufivcturers. 

Sampler  of  mixe*!  fabrics  for  ladien*  dres-scrt,  consii'ting 
•  »f  >.l3ck  and  coIouixhI  boiubaziues  aud  jxirauiattiw;  plain 
aijri  fi^irttl  jKiplins,  in  two  colours;  santilhmo,  cliina 
VirrKrade.  aiul  e^<tolla  brocade,  figured  in  two  coloura ; 
«»tin  «»trij>e«l  cliin<<,  threo  colours;  plain  and  figured 
b-ilAn*'.  ill  two  coluufB,  &c. 

Two  patt<TTn  of  a  mixed  fabric,  composed  of  materials 
the  pr'»duce  of  nine  different  countries. 

.'M  1      BoLiXBBoXK,  C.  ft  F.,  XonriV/*— Manufacturers. 
Vl.da  and  watered  j)oplinfl. 

;»12     Mil>DLETO»  ft  AiNSWoRTH,  Xi^nrkh  and  Jxmdon — 

Manufacturers, 
p.plini  conie<l  aud  brocaded,  and  black  paramattiia. 


.'113         HixDE,  E.  ft  F.,  yonrirh — MaDufacturcrs. 
ft*r^src«  and  bn>cailed  j»opling. 


4.12    TlaKXE,  THOMAii,   Strj^h^-n  Stnrt,    Wttcrfonf,   frclawl 

— Manufiicturer. 

A  caiulet  cloak,  wbich  Lsis  been  in  constant  use  for 
Ki  ..-'■  than  twenty  yearx, 

A  j-:^.-»'  «»f  the  flame  mvelle*!,  to  fdiow  the  texture. 

A  "Aiiipb-  of  the  liki?  fabric  luid  comjH)t*ition,  but  of  a 
d.S-ivDt  O'b'ur.  w:iq»  blue,  weft  green. 

S*:iaj.le  of  ulufT,  single  thread-*,  half  cotton  half  worsted, 
ari-iy*^i. 

S  u'up!*'*  "f  white  aenre,  flingle  yjim;  grey  «erge,  double 
ymTZi.  j^Tren  flenre,    Kingle  yani ;  and   blue  Hcrge,    double 

?v  !ipb* ''f  *t.iir  Ci»r]»et,  gn^-n,  taken  (»ff  a  piece  which 
t-fc«  U-'M  in  ui*e  for  1»"»  year?*;  all  wool,  both  warp  ;iiid 
•  eft,  au>i  Woven  V>y  .i  linen  wc;iver. 


A  sample  of  green  flannel,  as  used  by  the  peasantry  and 
working  people  of  the  counties  of  Waterford  and  We£ford, 
Ireland.  

459  Smith  &  Whytb,  Glasgow — ^ManufEMjturers. 
Embroidered  robe  de  chambre  and  lady's  dress. 

460  Roberts,  R.,  LlanberHs  Road,  Camarwm, 

Wales — Manufacturer. 
Linsey*weolsey  manufactures. 

461  Abchibald,  Jane  R.,  Tillicoultry^ 

Manufacturer. 
Plaid  shawls. 


462,  463,  467,  and  468  plaoedonthe  NoHh  WaU  vM 

Class  YI, 


462      BfUJNTON  ft  Nesbit,  Edinburgh — Producers. 
Shawls  and  scarfs. 


463     Bratsham,  George,  61a  Park  Street,  Camden 

Tovcn — Maker. 
Pictorial  mosaic  cloth-work  table-cover  or  quilt,  com- 
prising 32  compartments  exclusive  of  the  centre^  which 
is  the  arms  of  EIngland;  each  compartment  being  an 
imitation  of  some  well-known  picture,  made  of  coloured 
cloths,  fine-drawn  together  so  as  to  imitate  painting, 
the  features  being  worked  with  the  needle,  the  whole  sur- 
rounded with  a  border.  This  work  has  been  the  labour 
of  leisure  hours  for  a  period  of  nine  years  and  a  half. 


464  Gibson,  William,  ft  Co.,  Tillicoultry,  Alloa,  Scotland 

— Manufacturers. 
M'Eenzie  and  M'Loan   clan  tartan  woollen  shawls. 
Fancy  woollen  shawls.     Frazer  and  Forbes  clan  tartan, 
for  ladies'  dresses  and  cloaks. 


465  Archibald,  Robert,  ft  Sons,  Tillicoultry,  Alloa, 

Set  >t  I  and — Manu  facturers. 
Rob  Roy,  Cohiuhoun,  and  M 'Donald  of  Staffa  tartan 
long  hIkiwIh.  Malcolm  aud  Bruce  tartan  wool  shawla. 
Fancy  wool  shawls.  Koyal  Stewart  an<l  tioixion  tiirtana 
for  cloakfl  or  dresaed.  Fancy  tartaua.  All  of  woollen 
fabric. 

466  Paton,  J.  ft  I).,  Tillu^o'iltn,,  AUm,  Scotland— 

Manu  fact  u  re  i-fl. 

Long  wool  shawls,  of  various  Highland  clans  and  fancy 
patterns. 

Fancy  wool  tju-tan,  designed  by  Mewii-s.  Romanes  and 
Paterson,  Edinburgh. 

Long  wool  fancy  shawls,  designed  by  Messrs.  Mitchell, 
Miller,  and  Ogilvie,  Glasgow. 

Long  wool  fancy  shawls,  designed  by  Messrs.  Arthur 
and  Frazer,  Gla^^gow. 


467      Sinclair,  John,  jun.,  40  S,>uth  lUulje  Stnxt, 

J.'dinhnrgh  — Manufactui"er. 

Scarf  plaids,  Royal  Stusul;  Victoria;  Sinclair;  Suther- 
land or  4Jnd;  all  wool.  Pieces  of  Ttuian,  Royal  Victoria; 
McDonald  of  Slate,  or  Duke  of  Rothesay;  Sutherland  or 
4'-'nd;  all  wool. 

Tartans  were  worn  in  the  Western  Ishuids  and  High- 
lands of  Scotlantl  as  early  iw  l«>iiO,  and  are  suppose*!  to 
have  been  introduced  by  Queen  Margaret.  Eiich  chm  has 
a  8ep;uiite  jiatteni,  or  t4U-t4Ui,  for  itself,  beaiing  it«  name, 
antl  worn  by  all  the  individuals  of  the  clan. 

4G8     Wilson,  W.,  &  Son.  i:<iunocUntrn,  near  Stlrliiuj, 

Si-  'tl'ind — Manufaetuix'rs. 
Woollen  manufactures. 


4C)\)     Rrown,  Jamks  &  IIknky.  ft  Co.,  rUrick  Mills, 
Si'l/Jr/:.  Siotlnwl — Mamifact nrers. 
Scoteh  tw.i'ds  and  fancy  woollen.-,  of  various  new  mix- 
ture'^ aud  rttvlcs. 


602 


Classes  12  &  15.— WOOLLEN  AND  WORSTED. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0. 10  to  17,  and  South  Tbansbpt  Gallbbt. 


470     Hallt,  Obobge,  Perthshire — ^Manufacturer. 
Plaids  in  aeyaral  varieties. 


472        HuoHBS,  W.,  Benygroes,  near  Camarvonr— 

Weaver  and  Producer. 

Worsted  and  silk  dresses. 

Aprons,  of  Welsh  linsey.    Table-cover,  of  wool  and 
flax,  a  iqpecimen  of  Welsh  weaving. 

474       ScHOPiBLD,  Abei^  Spring  ffouse,  near  Delph, 
Saddletcorth — Manufacturer. 

Patterns  of  woollen  goods  manufactured  in  the  years 
from  1780  to  1820,  showing  the  styles  of  that  period. 

fine  doeskin,  or  satin-fSace,  all  wool,  suitable  for  vest- 
ings,  ladies'  or  babies'  clothing,  &c. 
^Fine  buff  prunell  cashmere,  a  little  milled. 

Fine  white  cashmere,  containing  144  picks  in  the  inch, 
for  shawls,  ladies'  dresses,  &c. 

Crimson  merino. 

Maude  fabrics  for  shawLs,  and  speoimens  of  colours 
dyed  in  shades. 

Fme  patent  black  broad  doth  and  cassimeres. 


475    HixiHES,  William,  Bethesda,  near  Bangor,  Wal 

Manufacturer. 
Durable  bed -covering. 


477        Watson,  J.  &  A.,  Galashiels,  Scotland^ 

Manufacturers. 
Scotch  clan  and  &ncy  plaids.     Ladies'  woollen  scarfs 
or  shawls.     Woollen  tartans  (ladies'  dresses).     Scotch 
tweeds.  

480      Roberts,  W.  &  Co.,  Galashiels,  Scotland^ 

Manufacturers. 
Pieces  of  Scotch  tweeds. 


48 1      Reib,  D.,  &  Son,  Langholm — Manufacturers. 

Cotton  and  Scotch  wool  hose;  shepherd's  plaid  check 
made  from  Cheviot  wool;  Australian  and  (German  wool; 
fancy  check  made  from  wool  (elastic);  blue  grey  check, 
made  from  Australian  wool;  fimcy  union  tweed,  made 
from  cotton  and  Cheviot  wool. 


486  ^'gT^AT.i.  &  Bartlemore,  Rochdale,  Lancashire — 

Manu£BM:turers. 
Flannel:  ordinary  quality,  English  wool;  middle  quality. 
New  Zealand  wool;  nne  quality,  Australian  wool. 

Electoral  and  Saxony  flannel,  and  electoral  shawl, 
German  wool.  Qauze  and  imitation  "Welsh"  German 
wool.  

487  Brook,  John  &  Son,  Upper  Thong,  near  ffaddersfield 

— ^Blanu&ctures. 
Specimens  of  woaded  black  broad  doth,  cassimere,  and 
doeskin.  

490    BCRNLEY  &  Sons,  Hcckmondwic'cc,  near  Leeds — 

Manufacturers. 
English,  Witney,  and  Irish  blankets.     American  Mac- 
kinnow  and  scarlet  striped  blankets.    American  blankets, 
for  clothing  purposes. 


493     Thomas,  W.,  Haworth,  Keighley,  Bradford^ 

Manufacturer. 
Dyed  wool,  combed;  wool-dyed  yams,  in  hanks  and  on 
spools;  dyed  yam,  floated  with  silk. 


496 


Stowells  &  Sugden,  Bradford — 
Manufacturers. 
Crimson  and  white  two-fold  mohair  yam. 


500   His  Botal  Highness  Prince  Albert — Produoer. 

(Main  Aventie,  West,) 

Two  brocaded  dresses,  manufactured  by  T.  Gregoir 
and  Brothers,  Shelf,  near  Halifax,  Yorkshire.  The  weft 
of  the  Cashmere  wool  shorn  from  the  goats  kept  by 
H.R.H.  Prince  Albert,  in  Windsor  P&rk.  The  warp  is  <^ 
silk. 

Two  shawls  and  a  specimen  of  coarse  cloth  manufiM^- 
tured  by  J.  Haley  and  Son,  Bramley,  near  Leeds.  The 
whole  of  the  material  is  of  the  Casnmere  wool  as  above 
described. 

The  Cashmere  goat's  wool,  of  which  these  artioles  are 
manufactiu^  consists  of  two  distinct  materials  called 
wool  and  kemp.  The  wool  is  beautifully  rich  and  soft  to 
the  touch,  and  is  probably  superior  in  this  ren>ect  to  the 
finest  continental  lamb's  wool,  and  eqiael  to  the  richness 
of  the  Thibet  wool.  It  is  also  divisible  into  qualities. 
The  kemp  presents  the  appearance  of  a  course  rough  hair, 
sudi  as  is  avoided  by  the  manufacturer  in  all  purchases 
of  wools,  deteriorating  as  it  does  the  appearance  of  even 
common  fabrics  by  its  inferiority  and  harshness. 

1^  two  wools,  as  shorn  from  the  goat,  are  closely  in- 
termingled, and  present  the  appearance  of  coarse  hairy 
wool  of  a  very  low  character ;  but  a  minute  inspection 
shows  that  part  of  it  is  of  a  very  fine  quality.  In  order 
to  separate  this  fine  quality  from  the  coarse,  it  is  ne- 
cessary to  do  so  fibre  by  fibre;  and  this  has  to  bo  effected 
entirely  by  hand,  no  machinery  having  as  yet  been  applied 
to  this  purpose.  The  process  is  both  difficult  and  tedious ; 
one  person  not  being  able  to  separate  more  than  half  an 
ounce  in  twelve  hours. 

After  the  separation  of  the  qualities,  it  is  desirable 
further  to  divide  it,  in  order  to  make  a  warp  yam  for 
fabrics  like  the  shawls;  but  this  was  impossible  in  the 
present  instance,  owing  to  the  small  quantity  producod, 
otherwise  the  fabric  would  have  been  much  finer.  In  the 
dresses  this  result  has  been  achieved,  because  the  warp  i& 
of  silk,  and  the  quantity  required  for  the  weft  was  there- 
fore not  so  great  in  proportion. 

The  8i>ecimen  of  coarse  cloth  is  manufactured  entirely 
of  the  coarse  hairs  or  kemp  after  it  is  assorted  from  the 
finer  material  of  the  wool.  In  a  general  way  this  is  con- 
sidered worthless. 


501     Underwood,  W.,  1  Vere  Street,  Oxfind  Street. 

Heraldic  tapestry  hanging.  The  Royal  Arms  can  be 
substituted  by  the  arms  of  any  other  family.  Cloth  cur- 
tains in  various  colours.     (In  South  Transept  Gallery.) 


Nos,  463,  467,  and  460— Ground  Floor,  North  Side,  behitid 
Western  Brfreshtnent  Boom, 


SILK   AND    VELVET. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Thib  ClaM  ippeftM  u  the  representative  of  the  silk  and  velvet  manufactures  of  the  United  Kingdom ;  tho 
raw  malerisl  of  tho  manufacture  being  far  more  costly  than  in  the  two  prectidiDg  instances  of  cotton  and 
wonllen.  The  articles  included  by  this  Clasa  partako,  on  the  whole,  more  of  the  character  of  products  of 
luxury.  The  beautiful  capabilities  of  the  fibre  for  textile  purjMisca,  sud  its  delicate  applicability  to  the  pur- 
pi»e»  of  the  dj-er,  render  silk  an  interesting  and  attractive  manufacture.  The  same  qualities  also  combine  to 
uffer  it  as  an  admirable  material  for  the  display  of  ta3t«  and  oniamcnt.  llic  number  of  Exhibitors  rather 
eioeeds  tliat  of  those  in  cotton,  hut  falls  far  below  the  number  exhibiting  in  woollen  and  worsted.  Manu- 
faclorera  are  the  priDcijial  Exhibitors ;  but  works  executed  by  private  hand,  and  articles  exhibited  severally 
by  iiTOiirietora,  have  also  a  place  in  this  Class. 

The  jubdivisions  of  the  Class  are  as  follow ; — A.  Includes  Silk  Yams,  such  as  fipun.  Thrown,  and  Sewing 
Silks ;  B.  Plain  Silks  of  every  kind ;  C.  Fancy  Bilks,  as  Shot,  Figured,  Embroidered,  &c. ;  I),  Velvets,  Flain 
mod  Figured  ;  E.  Gauzes  and  Crapes ;  F.  Plain  Ribbons ;  and  Q.  Fancy  Itihinns. 

The  articles  in  the  Class  are  to  be  found  in  the  Building  in  the  South  and  Transept  Galleries,  where 
tticy  are  cont«ned  in  plass  cases.  In  this  position  they  offer  a  favourable  opjertimity  for  contrast  with  thoM 
uf  the  principal  foreign  silk-producing  localities,  the  coutributions  of  which  are  msplayod  in  the  Central 
South  Uallerj-,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Transept. 

The  principal  localities  from  which  articles  have  hjen  received  have  been  tho  metropolis  (Rpital fields), 
Macclesfield,  Leek,  Halifax,  Derby,  Manchester,  Leeds,  and  Coventry.  Hut  many  articles  are  exhibited  which 
have  ti'it  Nfn  derived  directly  from  llie  locality  occupied  by  the  Rxbibilor,  but  from  others  not  enumerated. 

Tlic  U'^iiiifiil  and  ftrlislic  Silk  Trijphy,  (x^cujiyiii^  tho  cntmnce  to  the  Western  Nave,  caiioot  fail  to  attract 
n'-'iiv.  'fliis  (niphy  consists  of  an  eieg.-iiit  arrauKemcnt  of  rich  tissues,  brocades,  ilnmnsks,  &c.,  and  is  sur- 
i:."titit<>!  hy  aniikcn  banner.  A  variety  of  rich  and  costly  pnMluctiousof  theSiiitalficldM  loiim  are  exhibited  in 
tb->  'ia!l''ri''M.  Tiie  colours  and  textures  of  these  fabrics  are  of  groat  brilliancy  and  finish.  An  iutcrvetiug 
clliyrjfin  ol' s|ieeimensof  the  raw  and  manufactured  material  is  also  cxhiliiteil.  Siiecimens  of  silk-phisli  for 
v.iri'iu*  i>i]r|irise.'i,  and  in  imitation  of  furs,  arc  likewise  found  among  these  articles.  The  riblwus  uf  Coventry 
l.ave  i)ri|uin.il  a  universal  reputation  ;  and  lliis  characteristic  manufacture  is  well  represented  in  the  nnnilier 
arid  varirty  of  tijesc  article;)  hero  cxiiibiteil.  Tiic  application  of  steam  jiower  as  a  snlalitute  for  haixl-weaving 
ill  this  niauiifacturc,  is  making  rapid  pro/resa,  ami  mime  of  its  results  are  apparent  in  this  Class. 

.lit(-m|>ls  have  liecn  at  different  times  made  to  inlroilucc  the  breciliiig  and  culture  of  the  silkworm  into 
Eiijliuid.  anil  with  varying  results.  Some  sjicciuicns  of  the  results  oTrtnineil  by  one  of  llie  must  jmtient  and 
[•T-'Verini:  experiments  are  exhibiteil,  lliis  laily,  now  doccasei!,  runsidereil  herself  to  have  demonstrateil  tlio 
inif-rieal-iliiy  .if  t  lie  introduction  of  this  art  into  England.  Silkofa  l«.iutif«l  kind  lias  l>een  productKl,  and 
i:iliii!iiii.iiis  np|icnr  to  indieaie  the  possibility  of  the  art  licing  successfully  prosecuteil.  A  lar^e  laiiner  of  silk 
LT..WI1  in  Kn.;l:iiid  is  txliilriteil.  At  present  the  United  Kiuiidom  draws  lis  supply  of  llie  ri\w  inaterirtl  for 
n.-iMii'situn-  ]rritici]nilly  from  the  East  indies ;  and  France,  Italy,  Turkey,  and  China,  also  sujiply  a  eousiiler- 
il'li-  amount.  Ti-n  vears  since  the  annual  iniimrts  fur  home  consumjition  nmountcil  lo  the  hirgo  sum  of 
4.7.;l.7-t."t  Us.  When  it  is  remembered  that  all  this  viist  (piantity  of  textile  fibre  is  the  result  of  the  industry 
u  l.irt-z,  an  idea  may  l>e  gainol  of  tlie  ini[>ortHnc«  of  tilings  seemingly  iusignificaut. — 1!.  V,, 


1  Knfn,  Daniei,  &  Co.,  124  ir«d  Slnxt— 

MantirBctiirors. 

Fill  InjJi-i. — Rith   tisunwi,    bnicailos,  bmcntullcB,  silk 

■luiL^kii,  f;lk  lutd  worst^il  ilnmaiik,  mnvoiiotti^A,  cturiiigO' 

l.nin.T'.   iliajibiuio.  window  blinds,  and  evury  variety  of 

..Iki  rsjiiirwl  for  upliolst«ry  pmjKiBes.     This  truphy  is 

r^l-rwroU'l  ID  Ihp  »cc'imi«nving  I'lftto  15. 

(.V..i«  Ar.-m.f.    Wot.) 

y.rirrA  UfTi't^i  .-iml  et^f  ).-»«  d'Arri.jtio,  iiiiuiiiriu.'t<ir< 
hr  SI..B-  k  K.  iiip.  .S|,iuitfi,.|,l«.  Black  gros  do  Tuut 
lit-j  uf  ^iUlIii-Ma  manufaeture. 


Garniture  ribbon,  ninniifiictured  at  Nuneaton,  by  Cor- 
nell ft  Co.  The  wi.lc  ribbon  re.)uireK  a  W"!  Jaaiuofd 
uuitliino,  and  I,7U0  canla  t«  euinplL-l*;  llii:  iNittwrii. 


Jow'a  Bilk. 

.T    Sandehson  &  Reii>,  7  <;,r>l:<m  ,'7c,<-(— Manufiicturcrx 

Spociiiien  of  silk  wciivinK  fur  a  clwir  ciiv<;r,  euiiiliiiiiii, 
vGlvvt,  »iitin,l>r.wuliuK,  andtiiWuinB  wiUiiiU-H,  to  n.'pr, 
iwnt  silver  mid  RcU  {n^M\o  uuiUr  M^'h^n-.  WiUiiiiM.i  aui 
Soworby'H  i«tcut  for  tisauo  du  viSrre,  or  glmw  Uinfuc). 


504 


Class  13.— SILK  AND  VELVET. 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


[Uknbd 


New  style  of  pattern  and  cloth  for  furniture.  Finislied 
pattern,  forming  a  shape  for  wainscoating.  Specimens  for 
wainscoating,  with  variety  of  colours. 

5  Robinson,  J.  &  R.  &  Co.,  30  Milk  Street,  Cheapside— 

Manufacturers . 

Black  and  coloured  velvets  for  vestings,  and  for  church 
and  upholstery  purposes. 

Black  amozines  for  professional  robes. 

Plain  silks  and  satins  for  vestings. 

Silks  and  satins  for  cravats. 

Figured  silks  for  vestings  and  dress. 

Figiu-ed  satin  for  fancy  purposes,  got  up  as  a  remem- 
brancer of  the  Exhibition. 


Robinson,  J.  &  T.,  Fort  Street,  Spitalfielda — 
Manufacturers. 
Black  and  coloured  velvets. 


7  Stillwell,  James,  &  Son,  7  Wiite  Lion  Street,  Norton 

Folgate — ^Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  crimson,  cerise,  blue,  and  gold  brocatelle, 
for  ciu*tains,  kc.  Samples  of  claret,  green  and  gold,  and 
cerise  and  white  damask. 

Pattern  of  Dalmatia  robe,  worn  by  the  Queen,  at  her 
coronation.  

8  Washington,  T.  &  Davees,  W.,  13  &  14  Milk  Street, 

Cheapside — ^Manu^eu^turers . 
Waistcoatings  in  lengths,  of  Spitalfields  manufacture,  in 
imitation  of  foreign  furs. 

9  Walters  &  Sons,  Wilson  Street,  Finshury,  and  Kettering 

— Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  plush  used  in  the  manufacture  of  silk 
hats.  

10  Wilson,  James,  k  Co.,  37  Walbrook — 

Manufacturers. 
Silk  plush  for  hats. 

[A  variety  of  causes,  in  addition  to  the  scarcity  of  fur, 
have  led  to  an  entire  change  in  the  material  for  hats.  At 
present,  the  greater  number  of  hats  are  covered  with  a 
tissue  of  silk  plush,  laid  over  a  stiff  body.  The  silk  plush 
forms  the  nap  of  the  hat,  and  is  manu&otured  in  lai^e 
quantities  for  this  purpose.] 

11  Swan  &  Edgar,  Piccadilly  and  Regent  Street — 

Proprietors. 

Silks,  &c.,  Spitalfields  manufactiu*e — ^Black  gros  de 
Naples,  Ducape,  gros  de  tour,  glac<$,  satin,  satin  Grecian, 
barrathea,  Bsdmoral,  parapbanton,  watered  silk,  velvet, 
armozine  royal  robe  silk,  gros  royal,  Radzimore,  Berlin, 
Orleans,  vest  satin  and  antique  watered  silk.  Manu- 
fEictured  by  Messrs.  J.  Balance  k  Sons. 

Coloured  damask  figured  silk,  new  ground,  manu- 
factured by  Messrs.  Stone  and  Kemp.  Coloured  striped 
glac^  and  small  check  silks  ;  colourod  chin<$  silks,  mauu- 
mctured  by  Messrs.  Winkworth  k  Procters. 

1 2  DoTHorr,  Jonathan,  26  Steward  Street,  Spitalfelds — 

Manufacturer. 
Brocade  garment  silks. 

13  Bon>,  Isaac,  Spitdl  Square — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Registered  figured  damask  silk  furniture,  **  hollyhock 

Catteni;"  white  watered  figured  garment  silk,  "thistle, 
ell,  and  heather  pattern;'*  blue  tissue  and  gold  figure 
garment  silk,  "pfliisy,  lily,  poppy,  and  rose  pattern." 
**  Moird  antique,    for  garments,  various  colours. 


14     Grboson  k  Brfen,  Grcsfmm  Street  West — Agents. 

Irish  poplin  or  tabuict,  plain,  plaids,  ribbed,  double 
Irish,  watered,  and  moinS  antique.  Manufactured  by 
Mr.  Wm.  M.  Geoghcgan,  50  Francis  Street,  Dublin. 


15  Seameb,  T.,  5  Milk  Street,  Cheapside^ 

Manufacturer. 

Thirty-six  inch  moir€  antiques,  English  dye  and  ciim0on 
velvet. 


16    Lewis  &  Allenbt,  193,195,  &  197  Segeni  Street— 

Designers. 

Silk,  brocaded  with  colours.  Designed  by  8.  W. 
Lewis.  The  beauty  and  difficulty  of  production  of  this 
silk  will  be  more  readily  understood  from  the  £u!t  thai 
its  manufacture  requires  the  use  of  nearly  30,000  oards 
and  100  shuttles,  and  it  is  stated  to  be  the  first  instanoe 
in  which  a  brocade,  introducing  so  large  a  number  of  co- 
lours (fifteen),  has  been  successfully  attempted  in  Eng- 
land.    Manufactured  in  Spitalfields. 

Brocaded  ribbons. 


17      Graham,  Robert,  k  Sons,  31  Spital  Square — 

Manufacturers. 

Velvet,  satin,  and  watered  silks. 


18    Stone  k  Kemp,  35  Spital  Square — Manufiaotiirers. 
Velvets.    Figured  and  chin^  silks. 


19  Sewell,  Evans,  Hubbard,  k  Bacx>n,  44,  45,  ft  46 

Old  Compton  Street — Proprietors. 

Registered  figured  damask  silk,  brocaded  in  various 
colours,  manufactured  by  Messn.  Campbell^  Harrison, 
and    Lloyd,  Spitalfields. 

Plain  moir^  antique. 

Registered  figured  damask  made  in  a  Jaoquard  and 
Bannister  loom,  by  Messrs.  Winkworth  and  Procten, 
Manchester. 


20      Clark,  Jane,  170  Regent  Street — Designer  aiMl 

Manufacturer. 

Spitalfields  enamelled  silks,  vIe. — 

A  white  ground,  covered  with  gold  baskets  filled  with 
green  enamel  shamrocks. 

A  white  ground  with  rainbow  enamel. 


21       Le  Mare,  Joshua,  &  Sons,  27  Spitai  Square — 

Manufacturers. 

Black  satinette,  of  inferior  quality,  woven  by  power- 
loom,  and  of  superior  qualitv,  woven  by  hand-loom. 

Coloured  satinette,  of  medium  quality,  woven  by  hand* 
loom. 

The  advantage  of  satinettes  over  satins  consists  in  their 
brilliancy  being  produced  in  the  process  of  manufieurture, 
without  dress  or  any  other  artificial  means;  consequently 
they  are  as  cheap  and  more  durable. 

Black  ducape,  watered,  of  large  and  small  pattenw 
and  medium  quality. 

Black  coloured  velvet,  of  medium  quality. 


22  Cornell,  Ltell,  &  Webster,  1 5  St,  Pauft  Churchyard, 
and  Nuneaton — Manufacturers. 

Chin6  and  brocaded  sash  and  other  ribbons. 


23        Casey,  J.,  &  Phillips,  T.,  13  Spital  Square-^ 

Manufacturers. 

Silk,  velvets,  Algerias,  ^oe-de-Naples,  glac^,  gros,  &c. 


24  Robinson,  Jas.  k  Wm.,  k  Co.,  3  and  4  MHJk  Street, 
Cheapside — ^Manufacturers. 

Crimson  velvet  for  pulpits. 

Blue  and  marone  velvets  for  waistcoats. 

Brown  and  blue  plush  for  coats  and  vests. 

White  satin  and  white  tabby  silk  for  embroidery* 

White  and  black  satins  for  shoes. 

White  and  black  satins  for  vests. 

White  watered  and  figured  silks  for  waistcoats. 

Black  serge  and  white  laveutino  for  coat  sloovo  and- 
ttkirt  linings.    Black  armozincs  for  robes. 


aumu^-eiui 


AHD  VELVET. 


dt)  Miki  aad  figoMd  bordan,  ihal  wftii 

iSiiii'ii«*  fill    '  ^^ 


so  CtBt^  TatimOb,  ft  Bii,  9  JhmpSrett,Ci0ap*ldt 

— MMniwtonn. 

dpeoBBdrtM.    FboTBd Mtin dnM. 


,  HimKUDH,  &  Llotd,  19  Friday  St.— 
Manufiusturan. 

Colonnd  moM  utique.    Brocade  Ggore  for  vcetiDgs. 


32        Ciow,  CmMLO,  19  (JidJfr  Lone,  CK«apiiib — 

Q|iaiiiumi  of  JKqnud  dlk  weaving,  29  iDches  bj  24, 
foriniU  of  Her  H^jerty  the  Queen,  and  H.R.H.  Prince 
Albert,  with  emblematic  deoorationa. 

Ifgnred  Ktm  craTata;  figured  crarati  (not  satin). 

ftitiB  dteeked  bandaunaa,  vaiimu  vidtha. 

Sstin  chocked  fimaaela,  Tarioiu  widths. 

Bad  ImnlanTiii.    ootdad  and   plun  bordeni,    ynrioiu 

nltlM. 

Blai^  dncapea;  black  BruaaeU  twill;  block  milit&rf 
t«iU  )  aad  black  baiathea  twill,  all  ot  mioua  qualitiw. 
"■--^ -■— '   "" It  widths. 


BlaJ^ata 


Orejr  twilled  bandauna^lahi  and  printed. 
fcmrlMrf  ailkg,  tmw,  Cbina,  Bengal,  and  Italian. 
ftMiijilM  of  ailk,  thrown,  gum  boiled  00",  and  dfed. 


33  Mammau.  ft  SviLaaoTB,  II  and  15  Vem  Street, 
r<at^M  fqaare,  and  19  IlenriMa  Street — Proprietoi 
BK«d  nlka— Shadsd  glac^  ailt  of  Britiih  inuufacture 
(bj  Uman.  Wmkworth  and  Procten,  of  Hanchcet«r),  dia- 
jilajiiift  (ha  nriet  j  of  buea  in  each  shade  of  colouring. 
ne  nomber  of  tlirgadi  to  each  ihade  U  owr  two  thoii- 
I  about  twenty  tinta  in  the  dyeing. 


Figured  dunank  sitb,  grawn  and  vannd  off  at  YttHtgf 
Ifortb  Hants  {  an  agridvOiml  e^Mbnent. 

En^IiKb  cli-itli,  ciiibndd«Nd  wHh  dft,  KNwn  and 
w.-M,T-.r.rr-.r  V,''1m'.  Haiiahatiindt^llMKa.S<MiU»i 
>VM,-t'.    'M  .  ]  'vith  tlwir  patant  nr- 

.].i  :  oftheohaaUkau 


Watte  dlk,  bomoc 


S    Oroot,  JoavR, 4 Co., FiitUr  tmt    MaiililbiiliiiMa 
Folded  and  nllad  blaek  etifM,  dngle,  dovbla,  ttaUa^ 

Mid  four  thnada.    Colonrod  aerophane  co-^a. 

Colonnd  liiaa  pum.     Qoaaamw  of  nriona  ooloma, 

tiaad  for  Teila. 


ded.     imkm 


17       Dub,  Avmn,  87  OAph  Stnet,  4>ftat)bU^- 
Agent. 
FlgOTed  rilki,  deaigttedmd  wombf  flnpnpUaofOM 
^talfields  School  of  Derign. 


88     BwNSucmnvT,  J.  ft  T.,  ft  Son,  MaM3«^idd— 
HannbetorMa. 

Baw  iilk,  realad.    ThMwn  tSk  and  d^ed  aUk. 

Sewing  allk  in  nw  and  dyad  atata,  qnui  rilt  from  »■ 
Auw  kmibB  and  hndn,  aohlUtiiv  the  materi*]  and  tta 
■twea  in  pocea^  oon^atiDK  of  yan^  o^a,  and  sooda. 

Saanfiiotuivd gooda •.— velvota,  aatina,  moireantiqnei, 
glao^  grosde  Naples  (figured  and  plain) ;  lerantinee,  sergea,- 
yertings,  sarsnete,  Persians,  ribbons,  hat  and  rulway  car- 

Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  black,  coloured,  plain,  and 
figured  bandkercbieTs,  sciufs,  shawls,  &c.     Qoaie  veils. 


30     Amhead,  W.  &  Co.,  Maccletfeld—VroAiuien. 

Silk  dyed  in  tbe  skem,  and  prepared  for  the  use  of  thi 
manufacturer. 

40         C&ncHLEt,  Bainblev,  &  Co.,  MmxlafM — 
HanufactureiB. 
Silk  in  the  manufactured  state. 
Ladies'  foulard  dresses,  aprons,  neckties. 
Oentlamen's   oravata  and  boys'   nock-handkorcliiBfa.— 

Designs  r^;iatsred. 


41     WuDLB,  Henet  &  Thomas,  ft  Co.,  MaccUsfcUi— 
HoDufacturera, 

Ladies'  silk  handkerchiefs,  plain  and  checked,  figured 
and  chin£. 

Boys'  eravale. 

Gentlemen's  pocket  handkerchiefs  and  onvata, 

Ladies'  small  silk  shawls. 


r  IFaUfar. 


42  Hauvten  &  Sons,  Kthroyi  MiU> 
Htknufacturers, 
HtustraUons  of  the  production  of  wnste  silk  from  the 
<^(gs  of  tbe  silk-worm.  Cocotins  in  ttiu  biuh ;  the  cocoon 
as  left  by  the  worm ;  the  waste  of  tbe  cocoon  in  the 
brush.  Specimens  of  raw  material :  waste  silk  in  the 
dressed  and  carded  state;  the  same  in  the  slubblng  and 
thick  roving,  and  in  fine  rovingn.  Bingle  and  double 
spun  silk  yams. 

43 


506 


Class  13.— SILK  AND  VELVET. 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


[Ukited 


44  Bbouqh,  Joshua,  James,  &  Co.,  Leek — 

ManufiEMJturers. 
Sewing  silks,  raven  and  jet  black. 
Purse  or  netting  ailk. 
Leger  twist,  in  balls.    Silk  twist,  in  balls  and  reels. 

45  Hammebslet  &  Bentley,  Xe^A— Manufecturers. 
Twist  of  various  colours,  in  balls  and  on  reels,  for 

tailors.    Italian  sewings,  for  tailors  and  milliners.    Purse 
twist.    Black  silk  twist,  in  hanks,  for  tailors. 

46  Weston  &  Son,  Leek — ^Manufacturers. 

Various  buttons,  including  Florentine,  brown  Holland, 
real  twist  Italian,  white  cotton  and  worsted,  netted  silk, 
silk  barrel,  rich  twist  (needlework  dome),  rich  twist, 
youths'  dress  silk,  silk  fancy  vest,  and  ladies'  silk  dress. 

47  Davidson,  John,  &  Co.,  X«tfA— Manufiacturers. 

Baven,  jet,  and  drab  cloth  sewing  silks  for  tailors. 
Jet,  drab,  and  coloured  silk  twist. 
Jet  and  coloured  sewing  silk  for  milliners.    Stay  silk. 
Veil,  vest,  and  shawl  embroidering  silk.     Saddlers' 
silk. 
Black,  white,  and  coloured  floss  silk. 
Tram,  for  figuring,  embroidering,  or  weaving. 
Boot-closing.    Purse  twist.     Silk  sei^e. 

48  Alsop,  Robins,  &  Co.,  Z<reA— Manufacturers. 

Black  and  coloured  silk  seizes.  Black  silk  handker- 
chiefs. 

Black  20  handfeunng,  double  plain,  vratered,  and  plain 
and  watered. 

Black  Prussian  bindings.    Black  and  coloured  galloons. 

Black  sewing  silk,  and  black  and  coloiu^d  twist,  in 
balls  and  reels,  dyed  by  W.  Hammersley  &  Co.,  Leek. 

Coloured  purse  or  netting  silk. 

Yellow  weaving,  or  barber's  twist. 

Silk  whip-lashes.     Needlework  buttons. 

49  BridoeTT,  Thomas,  &  Co.,  Derbif — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  sewing-silk  for  saddlers,   bookbinders, 

staymakers,  tailors,  &c.,  netting  or  purse-twist,  and  plain 
sarsnet  ribbon. 


50        Allen  &  Holmes,  Derby — Manufacturers. 

Black  silk  ribbons  and  braids.  Algerines.  Black  satin 
trimmings.  Silk  warp,  prepared  for  the  manufacture  of 
various  fabrics. 


51  Smith,  Mart,  3a  Abb:y  Street,  Bcthnal  Green — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Chenille  shawl,  made  of  choice  silk,  and  manufactured 
in  a  loom  made  for  the  purpose.  Exhibited  as  a  specimen 
of  manufactured  chenille,  and  as  a  useful  article  for  wear 
and  warmth. 

52  Gbosvenor,  William,  Kidderminster. 

Manufacturer. 
Silk  brocade,  brocatelle,  and  figured  satinet  damasks, 
for  upholstery. 

53  Pulling,  James,  6  Brvdenell  Place,  New  North  Road 

— Manufetcturer. 
Trains  of  cn^  timics  and  tucks« 
The  Lady  Peel  mantle. 
Train  trinmiings  in  graduated  sets^ 
Elizabethans.     Berthas. 


54  Wright,  P.  &  R.,  Edmhwnjh — Designers  and 

Manufacturers. 
Figure  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington  on  horseback,  in  silk 
damask. 

55  Jackson,  Mrs.  k  Miss  Amy,  3  Brill  Row,  Somers 

Town — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Fancy  balls,  in  cloth,  leather,  velvet,  satin,  &c.,  of  dif- 
ferent combinations;  the  seams  fimshed  with  a  gilt  cord 
or  thread,   and  the  ends  omamented  mih  the   same 
materials. 


56  Wilson,  John,  5  Church  Passage,  Spited  Squat 

'Manufacturer. 
Mourning  hat-band,  manufactured  of  silk,  woven  circu- 
larly, and  sufficiently  elastic  to  fit  over  the  hat. 

57  Burke;,  Thomas  Haswell,  6  Bull  Bead  Court, 

Newgate  Street — Manufacturer. 
Embossed    silks,    velvets,    &c. :    ladies'    sashes   and 
flounces ;  and  trimmings  for  mantles,  dresses,  millinery, 
and  parasols. 

Model  of  the  Exhibition  Building,   embossed,  about 
four  feet  six  inches  long. 

Victoria  mounts  for  the  decoration  of  drawings  and 
prints. 

Embossed  lace  papers,  hand-screens,  caixl-racks,  folios, 
ornaments  for  dimng-tables,  and  various  other  articles. 

58  Qreensheelds,  Walter,  Whitburn,  Linlithgowthirc — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  ornamental  work,  accomplished  without 
the  aid  of  a  needle. 


59     Penfold,  C,  4  Blacknux>r  Street,  Clare  Market — 

Manufacturer. 

Gauze  diaphane  for  covering  looking-glass  and  picture 
frames,  &c. 

Groose-quill  chain,  made  by  R.  R.  Acton,  G  Lowndes 
Terrace,  Kuightsbridge. 


60  Evans,  Samuel,  Wirksworth,  Derhyshu 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  silk  plush  for  vestings. 

61  Holdforth,  J.,  &  Son,  Leeds — Spinners,  Inventors, 

and  Importers. 

Various  specimens  of  the  article  known  as  silk  wasto, 
Chinese,  Italian,  and  British. 

Specimens  of  single  and  double  spun  silk  yams,  from 
the  coarsest  to  the  finest  ntunbers,  the  finest  having 
428,400  yards  to  a  pound  (No.  510  cotton  reel),  and  L» 
used  to  a  great  extent  for  the  manufacture  of  a  variety  of 
goods. 

Samples  of  silk  yam,  dyed  and  finished,  ready  for  tho 
msmufacturer.  Spun  by  the  exhibitors*  patent  process, 
by  which  greater  brilliancy  and  strength  are  said  to  be 
obtained,  and  a  very  near  approach  to  net  silk,  for  which 
it  ia  substituted  for  a  variety  of  pm'poses. 

62  Harrop,  Taylor,  &  Pearson,  Piccadilly,  Manchatisr 

— Manufacturers. 

Pink,  white,  sky,  and  maize  gros  de  Naples  for  ladies* 
bonnets;  exhibited  for  cheapness. 

Black  gros  de  Naples  and  ducapes,  for  ladies'  drosses. 

Black  edged  ducape,  22  inches  tape  edged  armaziue 
and  black  velour  for  hat-bands,  scarfs,  and  clergymen's 
gowns. 

Gros  d'Eoosse,  various  mixtures,  used  for  ladies* 
dresses,  mantles,  &c. 


63  Booth  &  Pike,  4;^  Oldham  Street,  Ifanchester 

— Manufacturers. 

Imperial  or  carded  plush  for  hats,  bonnets,  &c.,  in  the 
various  stages  of  manufacture :  viz.,  1st,  grey,  as  it  leaves 
the  loom;  2nd,  as  it  api>ear8  after  the  nap  has  been 
raised  partly  by  hand  and  partly  by  steam-power  by 
means  of  teasels  and  cards;  3rd,  the  same  with  the  nap 
shorn  of  a  uniform  length;  4th,  black,  as  received  from 
the  dyer;  and,  5th,  when  finished  and  ready  for  use  in 
various  colours. 

Galloons,  or  bindings  and  bands  with  the  buckles 
attached,  ready  for  the  hat. 

Hat  linings,  of  various  qualities  and  descriptions,  with 
specimens  of  the  same  in  the  piece. 

64  Houldsworth,  James,  &  Co.,  Portland  Street  Mill, 

Manchester — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  Jaoquard  figured  silk  fabrics,   suitable 
for  furniture,  consisting  of  silk  tissue,  brocades,  broco- 
tolles,  &c. 


OkiB  I8^-SII£  ARD-VKLViei; 


MM  of  patent  nucliins  embroidnTies,  conaisUng 
1^  taUtt^oven.  eiirtkiiu,  puieU.  medallioiu,  Ax, 
"  n  of  Um  Urge  mtin  qailt,  uid  the 
"'  ig,  are  exhibited  w  noveltie 
Asaaitiy  Bpedraem  of  cocooiu. 


He  nowo  andi 
ti  ODnnnnia  V 

ii4K'»eButod  in  tbe  awompaaying  Plate 


lull  I'f^^f**"  ' 

n*  intaf  aQ  Toimd  the  oetitre  groop  of  fleuroE,  u 
■  kd  ^HvB,  compcoed  of  tlie  &»ilben7  lea!  anil 
•■Ki  aulwlliui  with  ao  onuunoiilnl  scroll.  On  a  blue 
(Ate*  ta  tl>«  motto  '■  Paliuanon  ilna  ililigcntin."  This 
aiad  two  laogtha  of  wtin  <lania><]c,  invugliC  io  mcdalUona 
ftoca  tba  aMii|>M,  am  the  rwulc  of  fnurteen  j-aon'  ua- 
Urtaf  and  iiMlli(;Miit  iMnwronHwe  id  the  endeavour  to 
bnaS  aUkwuna  aoooaaafUlly  for  conunercdal  purpoaoa  in 
Koahftd.  Thl*  labour  ww  roluutarily  uadertaken  by 
the  kM  Hia.  VhUhj  of  Nowlaiida.  in  tbo  couii^  of 
ft-Vhwrrrf*'^  Hm  wnniu  were  boru  and  niiiod  at  New- 
I,  aad  Cb*  ailk;  wound  by  her  own  puoplo.  The 
'  '■  that  fed  than,  which  were  ^wn  in  a 
I,  ara  of  the  FUliivilie  variety,  ilonii 
>  imported  by  Hn.  Whitby,   from 


.  Whitby  coinmaQicated  the 
1  through  10  yeois,  in  the 
V  to  pnnw  Um  pnaiQiiltty  of  profitably  rearing 
Ik*  OWH  Ik  F-^— ^  She  oonmieniod  her  eipari- 
■mM  hf  mmflhlag  Om  b«rt  Toiaty  of  mulberry-tree. 
IhiA  mUA  ■■bait—*  i^^^iBW  M  Iwr  to  believe  to 
WkartiriladbrttbpBpaaanatliaJKru  nti/lwWii, 
•f  tta  rU^flM  bhadk  lUi  mwty  na  introducod 
If  1  III  llf  )■  ia4e.  nw  wwgbt  of  leaf  bome  by  thu 
«Mia^  Sm  VMJ  frcot,  and  it  admita  <rf  easy  propagation 
fa  *fiM  pwmL  With  can^  and  an  abundant  mpply  of 
BaMD^  tha  aiae  of  leaf  attained  in  Hampehire  nan  very 
giaaL  Tlw  egga  employed  wore  of  the  large  Italian  «ort. 
AAar  much  patient  orperimant,  Hm.  Whitby  became 
«oll*ii>oad  that  the  ailkwonn  could  be  aa  easily  reared  in 
P'1l''~*  it  in  any  other  country,  and  with  as  little  losa. 
Eqnabla  warmth  throngfaout  the  period  of  the  iiuectV 
'on,  and  ventilation,  with 
n  to  the  mitobility  of  food  to  the  nge  of  the 
t,  an  italed  aa  the  eaaentiBl  elements  of  auccevaful 
The  milt  produced  waa  pronounoed  by  the 
■t  eminent  manufacturan  equal,  and  in  lotne  apecimeiu 
aaparior  to  the  but  Italian  mlk,  and  Hm.  Whitby  olse 
«ijuaailLt»d  riie  had  proved  tliot  the  tmltiratioii  of  silk  in 
Uua  eooDtry  could  be  pumied  aa  a  profitable  under- 
tokinf .  Several  attempta  have  bean  and  are  now  being 
maile  io  imitation  of  the  laboan  of  thia  lady,  and  benu- 
tifnl  Uiriee  have  baoi  woven  ofailk  of  home-produoe.— 
»-E.]  

65  Wdkwoktb  ft  PaoCTKB*,  Mmchiaitr— 

UaanfiKturBn. 
Flgorad  nlk*  of  different  deaigna  and  choraoter.   Chinf 
■Ik.  aCripad  all  over,   and  waterad;   and  plain  ailk  of 
wiooa  kiad*  and  qualities. 


6fi       COl,  B.  a.  &  Co.,  T  .'<l.  PauTi  Ckircknard,  ami 
Cimfry— Uanufacturen. 

Two  ridl  aaahaa  and  other  ribbona. 

Tte  iliaijpia  of  two  of  tha  aaabea  arc  taken  from  Pal- 
ba'a  "Flower  Oardan."  The  one,  T  incbeawide,  "The 
^Utwiqg  gbnd-baacisg  tnimpat- flower"  (.Utnoca/ymina 


67    Brat,  Cb^uius,  &  Co.,  CfmaUry — Manufacturera. 
lUbboun  illustrative  of  the  ordinary  Coventry  ribbon 

manu&cturo. 

6B      Calvioott,  R.  &  R,,  GiBm^ry-^Hanufactiiror. 

RibbonB;  apecimena  of  Coventry  manufaoture. 

[The  staple  trade  of  Coventry  is  the  manufacture  of 
ribbona  and  of  throim  silk,  eatablisliad  now  about  a  oen* 
tury  and  a  half  in  that  town.  A  lor^  number  of  hand* 
looms  are  concerned  in  ribbon-weaving,  many  being  at 
work  in  tlie  homes  of  the  vreavers.  Of  late,  ataam  ptnMT 
has  likewiae  bo«n  employsd.  The  ribbon  tradaof  OwiM 
try  ozceeda  tliat  of  ouy  otlior  town  in  the  Dnttad  IHllg" 
dom.— B.  E.] 


lufcctured  at  Covontiy. 


72  OOVKKTZT  BiBBOHB  COKXITOCB— lYoduCSTt. 

of  Coventry  ribbons. 
RATUfT,  Jonn,  &  CutoFKA^  CbMRtry— 


Flun  aatia,  striped  or  vaUinn  satin,  and  plain  and  pur* 
edged  lutestnng  nbboDs;  white  simple  &ncy  riblKinaj 
coloured  simple  fancy  ribbons,  for  summer  and  winter. 


>n  trimmingii,  for  dresaea,  exhibited  fur  oheapneu, 

6  H*BT,  J,,  Cormlry — Mimiiiacturer. 

Groupof  ribbons,  exhibited  for  cheapDeea  ofpr-Mluctlon. 


77       Robinson,  Thohxs,  (Si«n/ry— Manulaoturor. 

Figured  antin  ribbons,  produced  by  stoiun -power.  Fi- 
gured lutBulring  ribbons;  cut-edged  ribbons.  Itich  bro- 
caded nbboua  made  by  patent  brocading  batten,  by  sleom. 
Watered  pod  ribbons. 

Half  Cliina  ribbons,  used  for  t3nng  up  cambrics,  glove^ 
tec. :  this  is  the  norninast  wovun  &brio  mode  in  silk. 


78  UcH*E,  Jobs,  Cirtnlry — Hanu&cturer. 
MouminggauEe;  crniw,  lore,  and  rich  figured  lutestring 

ribbons.  

79  SrtmPT  &  TiTKMEil,  (?awiilry-_Manufaaturon<, 
Sample*  of  nblioQs,  eiliibited  for  design,  and  the  appli- 
cation of  steojii  power  to  it«  manufacture. 

RibbonB  ethibitod  for  design  and  eiocition. 
Specimens  iUuetrattve  of  a  peculiar  quality  of  whito 
ribbon.  ^ 

80  BaowKTT,  W.  &  H.,  Owm/d/— Manufacture™. 
Bullion  fiingoj  for  drewes  or  cloaks ;  sowing  silk  fringe* 

fordresBoe;   mohair  fringoe  forcloiUiB;  black  fancy  iiui- 
lions  and  fancy  sewing  silk  fringiw  for  clonks. 

Sdk  brace  weba;  silk  belt  webs  for  ebildran, 

lAdiex'  fancy  belts.     Black  Iwt  bindings. 

Gim]i  and  fancy  triiuuiiDgR  f-tr  dresses. 

Samples  uf  dyed  silks  and  cottons  uwd  In  the  almt* 


508 


Class  13.— SILK  AND  VELVET. 
South  Tbansbft  Gallebt. 


[To  the  Chinese  we  owe  the  knowledge  of  the  manu- 
facture of  Bilk  J  but  its  origin,  even  with  them,  ia  hid  in 
remote  antiquity.  Silk  was  brought  overland  from  China 
to  Rome,  within  a  century  after  Alexander  had  opened 
the  passage  to  India.  In  the  reign  of  Aurelian,  a.d.  270, 
its  price  was  so  high,  that  a  pound  of  silk  was  sold  for  a 
pound  of  gold,  nearly  equal  to  50/.  About  a  century 
later  its  purchase  was  within  the  reach  of  all  classes  at 
Rome;  and  in  the  reign  of  Justinian,  a.d.  551,  by  the 
agency  of  two  Nestorian  monks,  who  brought  the  eggs  of 
the  silkworm  from  China,  the  manufacture  of  silk  vras 
introduced  into  Europe.  Venice  and  Lyons  afterwards 
took  the  lead  in  its  European  manu&cture  ;  and  the  re- 
vocation of  the  edict  of  Nantes  brought  the  first  silk 
weavers  to  Spitalfields  in  1685. 

Silk  is  still  imported  from  China,  and  it  excels  that  of 
every  other  country,  in  brilliancy  and  colour.  Consider- 
able quantities  are  also  imported  from  France  and  Italy; 
the  silk  of  the  latter  country  being  esteemed  the  superior. 
The  silk  manufacturers  of  England  have  successfully 
striven  under  many  disadvantages  (one  of  which  has  been 
the  difficulty  of  raising  the  raw  material  at  home),  to 
cope  with  the  continental  manufacturers  in  the  produc- 
tion of  elegant  fabrics,  and  they  now  produce  some 
which  rival,  if  they  do  not  surpass,  those  of  foreigners. 
Manchester,  as  an  example,  exhibits  **  gros  de  Naples  " 
as  good  and  as  cheap  as  that  of  Lyons;  and  the  establish- 
ment of  our  Schools  of  Design  bids  fair  to  secure  our 
superiority  in  the  taste  and  beauty  of  our  patterns. 

Of  the  various  kinds  of  sUk  fabrics  presented  to  our 
notice,  we  can  only  describe  a  few.  Damask,  which  was 
formerly  used  for  dresses,  is  now  chiefly  employed  in 
furniture;  it  is  a  twilled  fabric  made  in  the  same  manner 
as  linen  damask,  with  flowers,  birds,  and  other  orna- 
ments worked  into  its  texture.  Brocade  is  a  fabric  into 
which,  originally,  threads  of  gold  and  silver  or  a  mixture 
of  these  were  introduced  to  increase  the  richness  and 
splendour  of  its  appearance.  This  name,  however,  is 
applied  to  rich  silk  stuffis,  as  satins,  tafietos,  lutestrings, 
&c.,  adorned  with  flowers  and  figures.  Satin  is  a  glossy 
silk  twill  to  which  the  soft  and  glistering  appearance  is 
given  by  rendering  a  great  number  of  the  threads  of  the 
warp  visible  in  the  process  of  weaving:  instead  of  raising 


each  half  of  the  warp  alternately,  only  a  fifth  or  an 
eighth  part  is  raised,  so  that  the  face  which  is  thtui  worm 
downwards,  presents  an  even,  close,  and  smooth  sorfiMSo. 
To  improve  its  appearance,  when  taken  out  of  the  loom, 
it  is  rolled  on  heated  cylinders  which  renders  llie  fiuse 
still  more  smooth,  and  imparts  to  it  a  more  brilliuit 
lustre.  The  smooth  and  plain  fiibrios,  as  lutestring;  gros 
de  Naples,  Persian,  ducape,  levantine,  sarBSoeA^  Ac., 
differ  from  each  other  chiefly  in  their  thk^neas  and 
quality.  Some  of  these,  however,  are  figured.  Taffirty 
is  a  fabric  of  a  wavy  lustre  imparted  by  pressure  and 
heat,  with  the  application  of  an  acidulous  liquor  which 
produces  the  effect  called  watering.  Tabby  and  tabbinota 
are  varieties  of  the  latter.  Armozeen  is  a  thick  plain  silk, 
generally  black;  used  for  clerical  and  funeral  purposes. 

Velvet  is  distinguished  by  the  soft  pile  on  its  suifiusey 
which  is  produced  by  the  insertion  of  short  pieces 
of  silk  thread  doubled  \mder  the  weft,  and  so  crowded 
together  as  entirely  to  conceal  the  interladngs  of  tlia 
warp  and  weft.  The  loops  of  the  thread  are  after- 
wards cut,  and  then  they  exhibit  the  a{^>earanoe  of  a 
brush;  the  pile  is  produced  by  the  separation  of  Uie 
threads,  and  the  application  of  machinery  to  cut  them 
smooth  and  even.  The  warp  and  pile  of  good  velvet  are 
both  composed  of  organzine  silk,  which  is  composed  of 
several  threads  of  raw  silk  twisted  or  throwi  together  in 
the  form  of  a  rope;  and  its  richness  depends  upon  the 
relative  numbers  of  its  pile  threads.  Velvets  are  said  to 
be  of  different  degrees  of  richness,  via.,  of  two,  four,  or 
six  threads,  according  to  the  number  of  pile  thz^tda 
inserted  between  each  of  the  dents  of  the  reed.  The 
velvets  of  Spitalfields  may  be  safely  compared  with 
foreign  velvets  in  fineness  and  strength,  as  well  as  in 
general  appearance. 

Ribbons,  or,  more  properly,  ribands,  are  chiefly  made 
at  Coventry,  and  have  of  late  so  much  improved  in 
manufacture,  that  our  home  producers  can  now  vie  wHh 
the  foreign.  They  partake  of  the  same  varieties  in 
general,  as  the  lai^er  silk  fiabrics;  they  are  frequently 
ornamented  with  a  pearl  edge,  which  is  formed  by 
making  some  of  the  threads  of  the  weft  project  beyond 
the  rest.  Clouding  is  an  appearance  given  to  ribbons  in 
the  dyeing.— R.  W.] 


FLAX   AND   HEMP. 


INTRODUCTION. 


■rfvl*  *■  AmloMBnt  of 


i  Ae  tktflt  material  {or  vegetaUe  textile  maniifoctiiTes  In  the  United  Eingdom  to^ 
.  .        t  of  tta  oottoB  tade.    Tba  application  <rf  oottcxi,  is  it«  preeait  extairive  d^ree,  ia  alto- 

-grtftiraB(hn';iH  ttito  matsrial  has  afaeadr.  In  manr  inalanoea,  entirely,  ana  In  otbera  in  part,  replaced  flax 
■■d  tmm  aad  *■  aotaatMlfap  b  coatinnaliv  pn»eeaing  in  freah  direotioii       " 


■  coatbnaliv  pnweeding  in  freah  direcdioiia.    Foi  manv  pnnicaea,  bowanr, 
aelfaaaprohaUeinlstirate  fiir  tbe  tptf«rialw  ocnoemed  in  tbiaClaM.    Tlia 
K  prcfxrtiei  f  for  beat)  poaaMaed  by  oOttaa  and  flax  atone  h 

'",-    -  :  .    .  .  s;:i.  ^uniiactme,wlijdi,ocnyded with Ihtjrdiftetntphyaiaal and s 

jicrtu.:,  '.'.i.L  |.ii.;^U'.  ilK'.:l\m  II  iiikrtbeiremplojnieDt  in  textile fabrioadiatuuit. 

The  ClflM  amiprchciiiU  tlie  InlknringSnMTlanM:— A.  Flax-fibre,  In  ite  nriotis  aoDdltiana,a«8.__. 

UMtacqpeil,  Hedtlcd,  &o. ;  B.  Limb  Tan  and  Thread ;  0.  Plain  linena  (rf  all  widtlu,  Bleaohed,  UuH , 

■Bd  DjMd  I  1>.  IhuuiBkii,  DiapuH,  DriUjL  and  other  Twilled  Linoia ;  X.  Cambrioa,  Ounbrio  and  linen  E^utd- 
kafcUofc,  I.a«M,  A«.  1  F.  CVnkipof  atlkindi. 

Tbe  inilinii  Mvupinl  by  tli<  >  (yeota  in  tbii  ClaM  ia  the  ExhiUtJm  BnQdlng  la  near  Oie  Weatein  SntranofL 
<at  tbavnlli  tideof  the  Nil  .,  <  i  nnd  Floor.  The  Areaa  deroted  to  Qteir  reckon  are  L.  and  U.  6  to  8,  and 
N.  and  0.4  to  6.  Od  t!i<  Nil,  Wall,  also,  in  a  teoeaa  near  the  flax  machinerf,  in  Chm  T.,  are  placed  qwci- 
meto  of  bwTv  canvss.  -nil-.'.  ;!,,  ftc,  and  !n  a  part  of  the  space  occupied  by  CUmXI.,  will  alao  be  found 
Tjri'.-i:  ■,   i„.-i'.i  -  1 1 '■■.I      ;   r.i  the  present  Class. 

A  great  varictj  of  damaaks  of  different  kinds  are  exhibited.  The  design  of  several  of  theao  represents  in  a 
ibfciUr  manner  the  succcxs  with  which  the  Jacqnard  principle  is  applieil  lo  the  ornamentation  of  fabrics  for 
The  localiliea  supplying  tbeee  and  similar  articles  are  cbicfly  Belfast,  Dunfermline,  Bamslcy, 
ter.  Some  intereating  collections  of  the  materials  used,  and  of  its  first  stages  of  preparation  for 
manabctiire,  are  likewise  shown.  The  most  ordinary  articles  such  as  sacks,  threads,  fisbiu^-ncls,  ropes,  and 
tviae^  baTe  all  a  place  of  interest  and  importance  in  this  Class.  The  heavier  descriptions  of  flax  mannfactnrca 
are  enpfiUed  chiefly  from  Dundee,  Hull,  Greenock,  and  Arbroatb.  The  machinery  necessary  to  weave  some  of 
tbeae  prodoctions,  inch  as  sail-canvas,  sacking,  &c.,  presents  a  forcible  contrast  by  the  size  and  power  of  its 
Dvta  to  the  lighto-  and  more  elegant  machines  employed  for  wearing  the  fine  cambrics  used  for  a  )>ockct-hand- 

SpecuDoni  of  articles  manufactured  from  different  kinds  of  flax  and  hemp  will  also  attract  notice,  and  illns- 
trate  the  peculiar  applicability  of  these  sorts  far  different  fabrics.  Jute,  a  fibrous  material  of  recent  introduc- 
tina  from  the  F.»st  Indiea,  is  becoming  extensively  employed,  particularly  for  carpctini;a,  sacking,  baics,  &c.,  in 
vhidi  a  fine  material  is  not  necesa^.  The  beautiful  flax  preiiared  at  Courtrai,  and  adapted  exclusively  for 
tbe  neat  delkate  fabrics,  is  empWed  in  the  manufacture  of  many  of  the  articles  exhibited.  Britisli,  Russian, 
China,  and  Manilla  hemp,  enters  mto  tbe  composition  of  others. 

In  1841,  npwarda  of  one  million  and  a  quarter  cwts.  of  flax  and  tow  were  imported  into  En^Eland  at  a  duty 
me  penny  a  cwt,,  yielding  conaeqneutly  about  5,500/.  to  the  revenne.  The  flax  factories  in  the  Unitea 
Kinfjdom  are  of  great  mze  and  importance,  and  employ  a  lar^e  number  of  opemtives  in  direct  or  indirect  con- 
neiioD  with  thnn.  If  it  should  become  pOMible  to  obt^n  cheaply  an  adequate  supply  of  flax  of  home  ])roduc- 
1,  and  of  tbe  fit  quality  for  the  purpoees  of  the  spinner,  the  dependency  of  this  country  upoa  the  East  and 
mica  for  oottoD  as  a  textile  material  would  be  greatly  lessened,  and  an  important  field  of  commercial  activity 
would  be  laid  open  at  our  oivn  doom.  But  the  properties  of  flax,  and  the  tedious  proces'Ksneo.-ssary  for  its  pK|n- 
ntion.  have  hitherto  proveil  an  obstacle  to  its  more  extensive  employment.  A  variety  of  ex]>eriments  on  this 
mbject  art  however  in  progress,  the  ultimate  result  of  which  can  scarcely  be  foreseen ;  and  it  appears  already  to 
bara  beoi  proved  by  actual  trial  that  this  fibre  can,  aflcr  preparation,  be  applied  to  the  ordinary  mnchincr}'  of 
tbe  cnttcn-mill,  yam  having  been  spun  up  to  moderate  numbers  from  flax  thus  prepared.  Until  recently  flax 
mltiTBtioa  has  scarcely  been  fairlv  attempted  ;  but  it  seems  probable  that  in  a  short  time  extensive,  and  it 
may  1«  hoped  snoceasfnl,  trials  will  be  made  to  supply  this  country  with  a  manufacturing  material  so  intnniri- 
cally  Talnable.— R.  E. 


610 


Class  14.— FLAX  AND  HEMP. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  6  to  8. 


[U: 


1  HoLDEN,  John,  &  Co.,  Belfast,  Ireland — ^Designers  and 

Manufacturers. 
Sewed  book  muslin,  jaconet  and  book  frill  collars; 
sewed  book  capes.  Ladies'  caps,  tamboured.  Infants* 
caps,  sewed  cambric,  and  sewed  book.  Infants'  frock 
bodies.  Fancy  habits.  Infants'  robes.  Chemisettes. 
Cambric  and  book  insertion.  Cambric  and  book  edp^ngs. 
Sowed  book  sleeves  and  flouncings.  Sewed  cambric 
flouncings.    Linen  cambric  handkerchiefs.    Polka  jackets. 

2  Bbowns,  John  R.  &  Whuam,  Baivjor,  County  Down, 

Ireland — ^Manuf^turers. 
Lady's  robe,  and  baby's  robe,  embroidered  muslin. 

3  Dufferin's,  Lord,  School,  Bdfast — Producer. 
Embroidered  handkerchiefs,  worked  by  jKjasant  girls. 


4  Pelijng,  Charles,  81  Academy  Street,  Belfast,  Ireland 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Ladies'  embroidered  muslin  robe,  designed  by  M. 
M'Elinsie,  Belfast. 

Irish  cambric  ornamented  gentlemen's  shirt  fronts. 


5  Andrews,  Michael,  Royal  Manufactory  of  Linen  and 
Damask,  Ardoyne,  Belfast,  Ireland — Mimufacturer. 

Table  cloth  of  new  pattern,  to  be  presented  to  the  Earl 
of  Clarendon  by  the  Royal  Society  for  the  promotion  and 
improvement  of  the  growth  of  flax  in  Ireland.  The 
centre  represents  the  star  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter, 
in  a  union  garland  of  rose,  shamrock  and  thistle,  inter- 
spersed with  flax,  and  surrounded  by  the  jewels  of  the 
Order  of  the  Bath  and  St.  Patrick,  with  Irish  harps  in 
shamrock  wreaths.  At  each  end  is  a  presentation  piece 
frt>m  the  Royal  Flax  Society,  Belfast,  1851,  on  a  group 
of  shamrock  and  flax,  surrounded  by  the  Clarendon  arms, 
incorporating  the  collar  and  jewel  of  the  Order  of  St. 
Patrick,  with  the  motto  and  jewel  of  the  Order  of  the 
Garter.  The  border  exhibits  a  rich  collection  of  flowers, 
drawn  from  nature.  The  ground  consists  of  four  large 
amaryllids  around  each  representation  of  the  arms,  with 
small  sprigs  of  shamrock  and  flag  intertwined,  &c. 

Table  cloth  of  new  pattern,  designed  by  John  Macken- 
zie, Government  School  of  Design.  The  centre  consists 
of  a  rustic  stump  and  basket  of  rich  flowers,  resting  on  a 
group  of  flowers  at  the  base,  and  supported  by  an  Arum 
and  a  Strelitzia,  surrounded  by  alight  wreath  of  flowers, 
chiefly  climbers,  and  a  g^und  harmonizing  in  same  style. 
The  border  represents  a  rich  scroll,  each  compartment 
terminating  with  distinct  flowers.  The  comers  represent 
the  rhododendron  in  flower,  the  end  and  side  the  centres 
of  flowers.  The  margin  represents  the  hearts-ease,  on 
leaves  of  the  same. 

Table-cloth,  extra  double  damask,  with  arms  of  Gold- 
smiths' Company  of  London  for  centre,  flowers  with  sprigs 
filling,  in  a  scroll  and  flower  border. 

Table-cloth,  extra  double  damask,  with  arms  of  Baron 
Rothschild  for  centre,  surrounded  by  various  sprigs,  and 
border  of  flowers. 

Table-cloth,  extra  double  damask,  with  arms  of  Mr. 
Wheble  for  centre,  surrounded  with  sprigs,  and  encircled 
by  two  flowing  scroll  borders. 

Table-cloth,  extra  double  damask,  being  pattern  of  a 
rich  table  service  of  various  lengths,  maniifactured  fur 
Her  Majesty's  62nd  Regiment  of  Foot,  showing  the  num- 
ber in  a  large  star,  surrounded  by  a  flowing  riband  con- 
taining the  names  of  the  battles  in  which  this  regiment 
obtained  honours,  with  sprigs,  the  whole  enclosed  by  a 
border  of  oak  and  laurel  intertwined. 

Piece  of  extra  double  damask,  containing  twenty-four 
doyleys,  being  six  difierent  patterns  and  four  doyleys  of 
each  {Nittem. 

All  in  an  unbleached  state  as  they  come  from  the  loom. 


G      Bell,  Thobias,  &  Co.,  Bellciew,  Lurgan,  Belfast — 

Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  cambric  bordered  handorchie£By  clear  lawn, 
and  plain  cambric. 


7  Richardson,  Sons,  &  Owden,  Bdfast,  Ireland-^ 

Miemufacturers. 

Double  damask  table-cloths,  with  border,  roses, 
rocks,  and  thistles,  Irish  wolf-dog  and  harp;  comer- 
piece,  shield  of  oak  leaves,  flags,  anchors,  and  a  doTS 
encircled  in  palm  wreaths  with  olive  branch;  side  rango, 
tray-scroll,  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers,  in  oak  wreath;  and 
centre  range,  a  temple,  British  royal  arms,  vase  of  floweny 
&c.  Designed  by  William  John  Magee,  Lisbume,  Ireland. 

Double  damask  cloth.  Samples  of  Irish  linens,  ranging 
from  a  coarse  quality  to  the  finest ;  of  light  linens, 
ornamented  for  the  export  trade;  and  heavy  linen,  in  the 
brown  state.  

8  Fletcher,  Alexander,  Glasgow — ^Manu&ctorer. 
Various  patent  linen  threads. 

9  Leadbetter,  John,  &  Co.,  Belfast,  Ireland — 

Manufacturers. 
Linen  drill,  brown,  bleached,  and  dyed.     Fancy  drill, 
plain  checks  and  stripes,  all  linen,  and  mixed.     Linen 
creas,  platillas,  and  hollands,  brown  and  dyed. 

10  Kirk,  Whliam,  &  Son,  Annvale,  near  Keady, 

Ireland — ^Manufacturer. 
Rough  brown  linen.     Brown,  natural  drab,  dyed  dnJi, 
slate,  and  black  linen  hollands.    Bleached  linen  diapers; 
lining,  family,  and  fronting  linens;  and  unions. 

11  Bennett  &  Adams,  Coleraine,  Ireland — MAnnfimturinL 
Fine  linen.         

12  Adams,  Jane,  Strabanc,  /reAnu^Manufacturer. 
Nccdle-work  scarf,  apron,  collar,  and  cufis,  made  of 

linen  yam,  in  imitation  of  lace. 

13  Crawford  &  Lindsays,  3  Laurence  Lane,  CMeapndi 

— Manufacturers  and  Bleachers. 
Specimens  of  white  and  brown  linen  sheeting;  ^**nfyTlr 
table  linen,  &c. 

14  Carson,  R.,  Bandalstown,  Belfast — Manu£M!turer. 
Woad,  bleached,  and  unbleached  linens. 

15  PiNKERTON,  James  &  Robert,  Ballymoney,  Ireland^ 

Manufacturers. 
Fine  linens. 

16  Hennino,  John,  Cambray  House,  Waringstawnf 
Banftridije,  Comity  Down,  Ireland — Manufacturer. 

Samples  of  handkerchiefiB;  linen  cambric;  "silken 
flax;"  ''golden  flax;"  Irish  cambric  hem-stitdied;  em- 
broidered ;  and  with  printed  borders. 

Printed  linen  cambric  dresses;  and  lawns,  straw  colour; 
shirt  frontings;  satin  damasks,  bleached;  napkins;  double 
satin  damasks,  grey  warp,  white  weft^  and  slips;  satin 
damask  gold  and  white  dessert  cloths;  gold  and  puiple, 
and  other  coloured  table  covers. 

Damask  coronation  cloth,  manuBsuitured  in  Warii^s- 
town,  in  1717;  sketch  of  the  cloth,  to  show  the  pattern; 
piece  of  brown  cambric. 

Satin  damasks,  butterfly  pattern,  scroll  border,  Poti- 
land  vase,  scroll  border  and  fancy  centre. 

Reed  for  weaving  cambric,  5,000  splits  to  the  yard; 
manufactured  by  Marmaduke  Carmichael,  Lurgan. 

Handkerchiefs  from  China  grass. 

Cambric  loom;  damask  loom;  machine  for  weaving 
damask,  or  other  figured  fabrics,  on  the  Jacquard  prin- 
ciple.   

17  Brown,  John,  &Son8,  Waringstovn,  Banbridye,  Ireiamd 

— Manufacturers. 
Double   damask    napkins   and   table  oloths,  yarions 
patterns.     Unbleached  damask. 

18  Sadler,  Fenton,  &  Co.,  Belfast,  Ireland^ 

Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  Irish  flax  seed.     1.  Flax  plant,  fullv  ripe. 
2.  Scutched,  or  the  woody  part  removed.    3.  Heckled,  or 
prepaid  for  spinning ;  and  4.  Mill-spun  and  hand-spun 
yam. 


KI3CCD0M.] 


Class  14.— FLAX  AND  HEMP. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  O.  6  to  8. 


511 


Specimens  of  Btrong  medium,  and  light  brown  Irish 
linen;  and  various  otner  kinds.  Also  fronting,  medium, 
light,  and  slate  linen.  Linen  and  brown  sheeting.  Irish 
linen  creas.  Linen  brittanias.  Estopillas.  Linen  silesias 
and  plarillas     White,  brown,  and  slate  linen  drills. 

19  M'Cat,  Tboxab,  Lisnaahanker,  Dnmore,  Ireland — 

Manufacturer. 
Bleadied  linen,  from  hand-spun  and  mill-spun  yam. 
Brown  linen-warp,  mill-spun;  weft,  hand  spun.     Linen 
moaqoito  nettings,  all  mill-spun  yam. 

20  CLlBW>lt!f,  Hux,  &  Co.,  Banbridge,  Irehxnd — 

Manu&cturers  and  Bleachers. 
" Bird's-eye*'  diapers,  manufactured  from    the  best 
quality  of  Imen  yam« 


21  RlOLUUMOX,  J.  &  T.,  &  Co.,  Springfield,  Lurgan, 

Ireland — Hanufiikcturers. 
Irish  cambric  handkerchiefs,  plain,  hem-stitched,  printed, 
and  wreathed.       

22  Maixx>L3C,  James,  Lurgan,  Ireland — Manufacturer. 

Linen  cambric,  clear  lawn,  and  hem-stitched  handker- 
chiefs. Shirt  frontings.  Lawns.  Handkerchiefs  of  fine 
handspnn  yam,  70  hanks  to  the  pound. 


23  Rififfsmiwioy  &  Co.,  Li^um,  Ireland — ^Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  Irish  linen. 


24  CoKBT,  Blauc,  k  Co.,  Belfast,  Ireland— Deaigaen 

and  Manufacturers. 

New  damask  table-cloths.  The  ornaments  are  raised 
so  as  to  hare  the  appearance  of  being  embossed,  rather 
than  woTcn.  The  designs  are  imitation  of  foliage  and 
fli>wers;  and  scroll  border,  the  centre  a  Medici  yaso,  en- 
cireled  with  foliage  and  flowers.  Specimens  of  double 
damask  tray -cloths. 

Specimens  of  steam-power  loom  manufacture;  applied 
to  damask  table  linen.  Damask  table-cloths,  various 
designs.     Samples  of  linen  damask  vcstings. 

iVijcil  "k^^tch,  intended  for  a  desij^  for  a  tiible-cloth. 
T  -••  "*-'Pirr  C"^iwii«t.s  of  rheum  leaves,  wild  foliage,  floweiv*, 
*ji  I  ^TA!*.-**;*,  bK'Qde<i  tojjfether;  the  mi<idle  a  number  of 
tT"  ip*  *'{  llowers,  i«o  iUTauge<l  a«  to  give  a  brief  history 
•  ji  the  1  ail  linage  of  flowefj*)  of  Her  MajeHty  the  Queen, 
}{  K.H.  rriiicf  Alljert,  and  the  Great  Industrial  Kxhibi- 
t. 'Ti.  the  rcntre  a  large  group,  rei>re»enting  the  principal 
artitiirj*  i^f  commerce. 


2'*   M'MCRRAV.  Th0MA.«»,  &  Co.,  f)ronyn-e,  Co'fufif  Dvirn, 
/rr/«/M//— >LiJiufacturei>i  and  Bleachers. 
Bleached  ari<l  \mhle«u.hed  linen. 

2»»      KiNSis,  W.,  IniiijVnutinp,  Si'ntland — Manufivcturer. 

I  >&iii.ftrk  table -cloth,  niiule  of  mill-8pun  tliix  yam;  the 
jaittem  i*»  a  combination  of  plants,  flowers,  an<l  onia- 
Vi4rTiiA  iu  both  b<jrder  and  centre,  with  flower-sprigs 
r-.'ind  the  centre.  Damask  table-cloth,  pattern  the 
irr^i*:  viije.     Another  in  the  Watte;iu  style. 

iJjLniJUik  table-cloth,  with  centre,  a  va^c  of  fniit  and 
r>r7iMntTUtJ»},  from  which  arises  a  va^c  of  flowers;  juid 
If^nler.  ^ariouii  phuitit  and  flower-sprigs.  Othera  in 
U'/tliX-  and  <f«:nu;ui  styles. 

i'AJiL.vk  table-cIot!i  ma^le  of  yjinis  pro(luce<l  by  Messrs. 
M^rxhaJl  Sc  Co.,  ttiUt-spinners,  Leeds,  from  China  gi'iws, 
J-fi:ur  a  new  api^Iication  of  this  mat^jrial,  with  i)atteni 
#l:uc  .It  thit  of  the  first  article.  Another,  also  of  Cliina 
vATUs  with  niniiing  pattern. 


^  • 


1'7 


niaaM.L.  David,  /'■■■h/fnuHnr,  .^;'jtliiuf— 
iLinuf.icturer. 
T.»'-!c  <I»th  d''j»ign — a  mo'laliion  bunt  of  Her  M.«j«  sty 
t'l*    K^»'^'i.   !*virrountied  with  (lot hie  ornament,   ami  the 
***!♦•((»•   of   the  orders   of  the  Oarter,    the   Thistle,    and 
>>♦.  pAtrick  -nuwle  of  fine  Flemish  flax  yarn ;  of  new  fa>»ric 
a£^i  t»-ill,  rmitaining  *jy<»  threiids  upon  the  inch  of  clotli. 
Tftble  cloth  <l»^ign — group  of  flowers  and  bij-ds,  with 
Uoler.  mi^lti  uf  line  flax  yarn. 


Table-cover  design — emblem  and  motto  of  the  Church 
of  Scotland,  the  burning  bush,  ''  Nee  tamen  consume- 
batur."  Made  with  blue  silk  on  fine  flax  yam.  All  ma- 
nufactured by  the  exhibitor. 

28        Hunt,  W.,  &  Son,  Dunfermline,  Scotland — 

Manufactiu^rs. 

Double-damask  linen  table-cloth,  manufactured  for  the 
service  of  the  Queen.  Design,  deer  stalking  and  Highland 
trophies,  with  a  view  of  Balmoral  Castle  in  tlie  centre. 
Linen  and  silk  wefted  show-cloth,  of  the  same  design. 

Double-damask  linen  table-cloth ;  design,  union  centre, 
with  scroll  border.  Linen  and  silk  w^efted  show-cloth  of 
the  same  design. 

Three  double-damask  linen  table-cloths;  designs,  aco- 
nitum  centre  and  garland;  fruit  centre  and  lily  border; 
and  hydrangea  garland. 

Four  double-damask  linen  table-napkins;  designs,  Bal- 
moral Castle,  &c. ;  aconitvun  centre,  &c.;  fruit  centre 
and  lily  border;  hydrangea  garland. 


29  Beveridce,  E.,  Ihmfennline,  Scotland — Manufacturer. 
(Agent  in  London,  W.  Manvell,  12  Bow  Churchyard.) 

Table  cloths,  bleached  linen,  brown  and  white  linen, 
and  extra  satin,  double  and  single  damask,  Gothic,  ar- 
abesque, and  other  designs. 

Dinner  napkins  and  doyleys,  bleached  linen,  and 
brown  and  white.  Table  cloths  and  dinner  napkins,  silk 
and  linen.  Tray  tea  napkins,  bleached  linen,  single  and 
double  damask. 

Nursery  and  towelling  diapers,  various  qualities. 

Stair  carpeting  and  crumb  or  floor  cloths,  linen  damask, 
and  tapesti^. 

Table  covers,  coloured  damask  cotton,  cotton  and 
worsted  mixed.  Victoria  covers,  coloured  cotton  and 
wool  damask.  Table  covers,  merino  (all  wool),  and  co- 
loured silk  and  wool,  double  damask.  Table  covers, 
three-coloured  brocade,  and  coloured  tapestry. 

30  Sadler,  S.,  Ironmonger  Lane,  Chcapside — Producer. 
Specimens  of  fine  linen  and  cambric. 

31  WiLKS.  J.,  14 &  15  Ifrr.ul  Stmt,  ChcipsUc— Producer. 
Si>ecimeuB  of  linen. 

32  Rogers  &WuoK,  l.>^  Chenpsufc — Producers. 
Scotch  embroidered  handkerchief,  sunk  on  Fi'ench  lawn. 

34  Devas,  M.  T.,  Mincheneu,  &  Koutledge,  24  Laicraice 

Lane —  Proprietors. 
Group  of  damask  table  linen,  exhibited  for  quality  and 
cheapness. 

35  l.^EWAR  Sc  Sons,  Kimjs  Anns  JhiiUlnj!^,  yWxjd  Street — 

Proprietors. 

Silk  and  linen  table  cloth ;  in  the  centre,  enclosed  in  the 
figure  of  a  star,  is  Fame  crowning  Industry,  the  whole  sur- 
rounded by  a  garland  of  flowei-s;  in  the  corner  of  the  bor- 
der is  the  figure  of  Justice,  encircled  by  a  garland  of  flowers 
an<l  omamentiU  scroll-work.  In  the  centre  of  the  border, 
within  a  gjuland  of  flowers,  is  the  figure  of  Commerce, 
holding  in  one  hand  a  palm  branch  (peace),  and  in  the 
other  two  wrejiths,  to  crown  tnule  by  land  and  sea,  as 
exhibited  on  Ciu^h  side  of  the  figure.  The  wliole  renting 
on  a  gi-ound  of  ornamental  scroll-work.  Bleached  linen 
tid)le-cloth,  the  same  j»attern. 

Silk  and  linen  tiible-cloth.  flower  border,  trees  and  stiig 
in  the  centre;  and  sidc-cb^th  to  c«)rrespond.  Bleached 
Imeu  t;ible-cl«jth,  same  j>att^ni.  Silk  and  Tnun  Com- 
munion napkin.      Linen  aii<l  silk  an«l  linen  t^ible -cloths. 

Mjuuifacture<l  by  William  Kinnis,  and  designed  by 
James  Balfour,  I)unfermlin«',  Scotland. 

;;()  Cautkr  BnoTiiKus  ;  Canti  k,  Josk.imi  ;  Jackson  Sc 
Matthkwman  ;  Ki.FrrciiKU,  Henry  T.  ;  Hat- 
TKUSLKY,  Parkinson,  it  Co. ;  pK.oTT^'t  Nkn^ton; 
and  Hax\>ortii  k  Cauni.ky,  />on-An — Manu- 
facturer-'. 
IJleached  linen  dowlif.^es  an«l  pillow  linen.      Yam  an«l 

piece   bleache.l  sheeting.-.      Grey  ;uid  bleached   pudding- 


[Official  Illustrated  Cataixx:i'e.] 


•J  S 


612 


Class  14.— FLAX  AND  HEMP. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  6  to  8. 


•"Ukitkd 


cloths.  Bleached  butter  and  tea-cloths.  Grey  and 
bleached  kitchen  rubbers.  Plain  and  checked  glaas-cloths. 
(>^Bter  cloths.     Twilled  dusters. 

Tarn  bleached  and  blue  ducks.  Bleached  militaiy 
and  checked  fancy  ducks.  Black  ducks  and  drills. 
Natural  coloured  and  fancy  blouse  hoUands.  Grey  roller, 
half-bleached  and  full-bleached  towellings.  Black  and 
drab  shanking  cloth.  Pudding  canvasses.  Horse  ban- 
danges.  Linen  stripes  and  checks.  Checked  dusters  and 
drills.  Saddlers'  checks.  Purse  canvas.  "White  and 
grey  cheese  strainers.     Screen  cloths. 

Loom  and  bleached  medium  huckabacks.  Loom  and 
bleached  medical  rubbers.  Grey  Baden  Badens.  "Elec- 
tric "  rubbers. 

Tape  and  damask -bordered  huckaback  towels.  Wim- 
boume  towels.     Table  huckabacks. 

Grey  and  bleached  table  diapers.  Clouting,  nursery, 
and  towelling  diapers.  Grey  and  white,  blue  and  white, 
and  bleached  pinafore  diapers.     Drabbetts. 

Grey  and  white  and  bleached  damasks.  Damask  dinner 
napkins,  tray  cloths,  and  aprons.  Stair  diaper  and 
damask  carpets.  T^^dlled  stair  carpets.  Damask  and 
twilled  crumb  cloths. 

Grey  and  "cream"  bed  ticks.  Blue  and  white  bed 
ticks.  Blue  and  white  mattress  stripes.  Blind  and 
marquee  ticks.     Crankies. 

37  Tee,  Charles,  &  Son,  Banislcy — Designers  and 

Manufiau^turers. 
Bleached,  natural  coloured,  and  fancy  linen  drills. 
Dyed  plain  linen  and  silk  and  linen  vestings.  Fancy 
vesting  fabrics,  mixed  material.  Plain  and  fancy  fabric 
for  dresses.  Bleached  toilet-cover  fabric.  Linen  saddle 
rug.     Printed  linen  and  cotton  yarns. 

38  Walton  &  Co.,  fCnircftborotPjh — Manufacturers. 

Bleached  linen  sheeting,  woven  in  hand-loom,  and  of 
considemble  width  and  fineness.  Linen-duck  sheeting. 
Oiiginal  Knaresborough  linen.  Brown  linen  tick.  Heavy 
water-t^^-ist  cotton  sheeting.  Blue  linen  check.  Linen 
huckaback  for  towels.  Medical  rubbers. — All  made  by 
hand-loom.  

39  HiBBi-^T,  Thomas,  Knaresltoroujh — Manufacturer. 

Linen  diaper  table-cloth.  Pieces  of  table-napkins  and 
pocket-handkei'chiefs. — All  made  by  hand-loom. 

40  Emshall,  George,  Knaresborough — Manufacturer. 
Linen-duck  shooting.     Linen  shirt  without  seam. 

41  Leeming,  James,  Knaresborowjh — Manufacturer. 
Linen  for  shirting.     Blue  and   white  ticking.     Linen 

chemise,  woven  without  seam. — AH  made  by  hand-loom. 

42  WiLFORD,  John,  &  Sons,  Jinmpton,  near  Northallcrion 

— ^Manufacturei-s. 

Piece  of  bleached  sheeting,  made  from  China  grass; 
it  possesses  lustre,  strength,  and  durability.  Specimens 
of  whito  linen  drills  for  military  trousers;  combining 
closeness  and  smoothness  of  surface  with  durability. 

New  fabrics. — "Commodore,"  piece  of  white  linen 
drill,  for  naval  and  boating  trousers;  and  "Wellington," 
piece  of  white  linen  drill  for  military  trousers.  A  range 
of  patter  as  of  various  qualities  of  brown  and  white  linen 
drills. 

43  Pegler,  Charles,  Leah — Manufacturer. 

Double  damask  table-cloth,  in  the  brown  state,  with 
the  anus  of  the  Earl  of  Harewood;  double  dama»k  table- 
cloth, arms  of  the  Royal  Horse  Guards;  napkins;  bor- 
dere<l  linen  sheets.  • 

Communion  cloth,  design  the  Last  Supper,  and  other 
appropriate  emblems;  double  damask  table-cloth,  eques- 
trian statue  of  thfl  Duke  of  Wellington. 

44  Hayward,  R.,  &  Sons,  West  Chhnwch,  and  03  Afinorics, 

London —  >Ianufacturer8. 
Canvas  for  shiiw'  sails,  well  kno'wn  as  "Coker  canvas." 
Twines,  used  for  sewing  sails. 


45  Row,  J.,  Crewkeme — Mamifiicturer. 
Sail-cloth;    and    towelling,   called    medical   rubbers; 

manufactured  from  flax  g^wn  in  the  immediate  neigh- 
bourhood. 

46  Poole,  James  &  Charles,  South  Petherton — 

Manufacturers. 
Canvas  for  ship  sails,  made  from  foreign  flax,  and  from 
English  flax.     Canvas  for  yacht  sails,  made  from  ^Z«gl<"h 
flax.     Seaming  twine,  made  from  English  flax. 


47    Withey  &  Smith,  North  Perrott,  near  Crewkeme, 

Somerset — Manufacturers. 
Fiuicy  and  other  twines  of  various  ooloursy  made  of 
flax,  hemp,  and  cotton,  used  for  crochet  knitting,  nettings 
carpet  and  silk  weaving,  and  a  variety  of  other  purposes. 


48  Finlayson,  BousFiELD,  &  Co.,  Glasgow  andJohnstcne 

— Manufacturers. 
Patent  linen  thread,  common  and  satin  finish,  colom^ed 
both  in  black,   dark  blue,  white-brown,  and  all  fancy 
coloiu^,  in  best  and  second  quality,  for  tailoring  purposes. 

49  Morrison  6c  Hurn,  25  Norton  Fohjatc — 

Manufacturers. 

liope,  line,  and  twine,  of  all  sizes,  and  qualities,  suited 
to  every  purpose. 

Model  marquee,  flags,  rick -cloth,  horse  clothing. 

Suit  of  horse  nets,  sheep  netting,  hare  and  rabbit  net- 
ting, portable  bow  net,  dnim  net,  casting  net. 

New  portable  fire  escape. 

Bed  sacking,  cocoa-fibre  matting. 

Snake,  brush,  double  thrumb,  and  femcy  borderBd 
cocoa-fibre  mats. 

Com,  flour,  and  malt  sacks. 

Waterproof  cloth  for  railway  trucks,  waggons,  carts, 
drills,  &c.    All  patented. 

50  Houghton,  Sarah,  Ashfard — Manufacturer. 

Superfine  double  damask  table-cloths  and  m^tkins, 
Kent  arms  centre,  and  basket  centre. 


50a    Schwann,  Frederick,  Ifuddcrsfield  and  Jjceds-^ 

Pi*oprietor. 

Samples  of  Nos.  70,  8^,  and  100  leas  line-yam,  A  qua- 
lity, made  from  iVench  flax. 

Samples  of  Nos.  25,  30,  40,  and  50  leas  line-yam, 
D  quality,  from  Dutch  flax. 

Siim])les  of  Nos.  18,  25,  35,  45,  and  70  leas  line-yam, 
E  quality,  also  from  Dutch  flax. 

Samples  of  Nos.  10,  20,  30,  50,  and  70  leas  line-yam, 
G  quality,  from  Russian  flax. 

Siimples  of  Nos.  20,  25,  40,  50,  60,  70,  and  80  lees 
Une-yam,  J  quality,  from  Russian  flax. 

Samples  of  Nos.  30  and  35  leas  line-yam,  K  quality, 
from  Russian  flax. 

Samples  of  Nos.  25,  30,  and  45  leas  line-flax,  slack 
four-thread,  second  quality,  from  Russian  flax. 

Bunch  containing  samples  of  Nos.  20,  30,  40,  and  50 
leas  line-yam,  slack  twist,  third  quality,  made  fnnn 
Russian  flax. 

Bunch  containing  samples  of  Nos.  18,  30,  50,  and  70 
tow,  ()  quality,  from  French  flax;  and  of  Nos.  25  and  35, 
from  Dutch  flax. 


51  TiTLinr,  Tathax,  &  Walker,  Leeds — ^Manufiu^urera. 
Patent  linen  sewing  threads.     Superior  patent  satin 

finish,  or  polished  sewing  threa<ls. 
Shoe  threads,  closing  and  stitching  flaxes  or  lines. 

52  GRiimiAW  &  Wilkinson,  13  Bridtje  End,  Leeds — 

Manufacturers. 

Oilc<l  cloths  and  sack  covers. 


53      HoLDSWOBTH  &  Co.,  Leeils — Manu&cturers. 

Linen  thread,  i>atent  soft  satin -finish^  and  old  finiah; 
linen  shoe  thread,  grey  and  finisUod. 


Ci^M  1*.— FLAX  AND  HEMP. 
Arras  L.  M.  N.  0.  6  to  8. 


M  £UwBi^  E.  H.,  Sixrfiir,  h 


r  r™™— Mumlacturer. 


being  lighter  and  linger  than  RuHiui  liemp  rope. 
Shroud-Uid  rope,  for  maridmo  purposoe,  maau&ctiired 
(him  Suinui  ur  Puliali  hetnp.  Rope,  fur  reef-paiuts  in 
■,  he,  Duumfnctursd   from  Hanilia  bemp,  Hnd  froi 


&5     Dat,  Jomd,  MarM  Street,  O^ybnj— Manufacturer. 
Church  b«ll-r»pea. 


56       TuTca,  Hkxbt,  AbingitoH — Hanu&cturer  uid 
Dangner. 
Twilled,  ebaqnerad,  nuh,  and  Mudlla  matting,  for  halla, 
ofloca,  Ac.;  each  piece  varied.     Cocoa-iiut  and  Manilla 
maHing;  Baey  eoeea-nut  matting;  Buperior  jute  carpeting. 


LooutBT,  Ni* 


lUM,  &  Sons,  Kirkaldy,  Scotlamt 
— Manu  facturcirs. 

Tan  feather-bed  tick,  made  oDtire];  from  Bai  and 
bkdigo^yed.  Feather-bed  tick,  of  tlio  aama  Hud,  but 
olndcivd. 

Bleached  diaper  bedroom  totrela,  made  from  the  best 
flax  jma;  fringed  and  plain. 

Doable  huckaback,  uaed  priDcipallj  for  bntli  and  rough 
bad-room  towslii  numnlactured  from  double  yanu. 

Four,  flre,  and  nx-buihel  bag*,  gsQerall;  used  for 
bolding  flour,  grain,  potatoei,  ke. ;  manufactured  eo- 
tirelj  from  tow:  the  namea  of  the  owdctb  ore  printed  on 
them  with  oil  paint,  b;  a  printing-pren  made  for  the 

5Ta      Falmoctb  LcKuii  Comhittek — Pruducen. 

:.?<    WeVTm,  Robekt,  Kiik-<H-i.  .';.•«( /..a//— Manufacturer. 
ir-tr>sulle  bed-tick,  iiiade  eutirely  of  Hhx 


u<.     Taken  from  utock. 

jEnacT.    ROBEKT,  .' 


Hill. 


Manufactur 
Tuioni  Mmplee  of  buck,  ilowlaa,  ticks,  lit 
diajffr,  buck  and  lotill  diutent,  blue  linua,  k 


:   Kirk  <l' 


lil'i  JAScmN  &  <'n..  Hill-  Importers  and 

MiusufHctureni. 

Hemp  and  flu  from  Kiiwia,  nud  jute  from  the  Eaut 

Intiai,  IB  the  raw  and  untlrciuud  *tate  a»  imported,  anil 

in  MiBRtl  KtageH  of  uiauufacture.     Yun  aud  canvaa  from 

'  ached,  incliiiling  ahip'a  uilcloth,  pi 


•I  1* 


rn>m 


*aSj<fU -covering,  &< 
f-.I  Haix,  Joi 


n  th< 


ing  ahipa  uilcloth,  pro- 
lu  ■' b(iit,"  wiol-alieeting 
bed-aiicking,    rulway 
^uJitiui. 


Manufiictun. 
Sunplaicof  patent  m.t'Ie  ctir'l.iU' 
aad  'if  |>«tcDt  luadv  cordage  fri>iii  Mj 

ri  Sf  IVEK  ft  GOOPEM,    /M/--! 

lUwnt  crdagi-  f  .r  the  u.-«  of  mil 
minw    ukI  o-llienex,  the  w\>«.\v    fi 


,  k  Co..  If-ll.  Yort^hC-e— 


ny  and  ntvitiu  vhiicU. 
ihcrieK,  lUi'l  dcep-aci 


i;:i        The  Dir.iDEE  I,ocil  Chimitteb,  StutUn-l 
r™iucer*. 
l/toiii.   nr  yam  Mewbeil,    ".il    piece*   of  2'>, 


iheetiog,  40  inch ;  2  pieces  of  cleared,  or  gmas  bleached 
(5  inch  eragueiaa  ;  5  of  30  inch  creas ;  1  of  311  inch  pm- 
nanto.  21  piecoa  of  brown,  cream,  and  white  20  inch 
wnvAB  padding: — nuuiu&ctured  hj  Jamea  Smeatou  aod 
Son,  Dundee. 

2  pieces  of  27  inch  bleuohed  duck.      10  piecoa  of 
inch  oresm  Runma  eheatinga.     4  pieces  of  4U  inch 
ipod  and  checked  Russia  sheetinge  : — mnnufactured  by 
J.  and  A.  Laing,  Dundee. 

Twelve  pieces  of  light  and  heavy  loom  dowlas.  29  and 
30  inch.  4  pieces  of  haayy  loom  sheeting,  38  and  00 
inch.  16  pieces  of  3-4th  heavy  loom  nud  bleached  huck- 
aback. 10  pieces  of  bleached  imperial  ducks  and  militjiry 
drills,  S7  inch.  12  piecee  of  bleached  dowlas,  30  and  US 
inch.  5  piocaa  of  bleached  pillow  linen,  40  inch.  5  piece* 
of6-4tlu,  lO-ths.  ll-4thsand  12-4ths  bleached  sheetings. 
3  pieces  of  bleached  Russia  diaper,  2'i  inch;  4  pieces  of 
bird's  eye  diaper,  2ii  inch;  6  piecee  of  clouting  diaper, 
4-4ths;  13  pieces  of  dice  and  bamees  diaper,  H-4thB.  4 
pieces  of  broirn  and  bleached  window  lineu,  42  inch: — 
maniibctured  by  Alexander  Lawson,  King's  Kettle. 

Six  pieces  of  common  blenched  canvas,  Nob.  1  and  6. 
6  pioces  24  inch  tailor's  padding  canvas: — manufactured 
by  John  Uori,  Dundes. 

Five  pieces  of  40,  4,>,  hi,  and  60  inch  Hessian,  or 
packing  canvas.  10  piecea  .^1,  54,  and  SO  inch  striped 
bedding.  1  piece  of  30  inch  bad  tick.  5  pieces  of  24, 
27,  and  36  inch  had  sacking.  1  piece  of  24  inch  padding 
canvas: — manufactured  by  Cox  BroChere,  Dundee. 

Three  piecee  of  27  inch  flour  sacking.  4  pieces  of  2T 
inch  coal  sacking.  4  pieces  of  27  and  2!J  Inch  corn 
sacking.  1  piece  of  26  inch  striped  jute  sacking.  S 
pieces  of  navy  canvas,  Nos.  1  and  6; — manufactured  by 
Aleinnder  Easson,  Dundee. 

Two  pieces  of  3R  inch  jute  carpeting.  1  piece  of  3S 
inch  matting,  made  from  Manilla  fibre.  1  piece  of  HB  inch 
matting,  made  from  coir  and  Manilla  fibre: — manufac- 
tured by  Jamoa  Neish,  Dundee. 

Eight  piecea  of  OsnsbergB,  manufactured  by  Don 
Brothers  nud  Co.,  Dundee. 

Ten  pieeofl  or4-4th  brown  sheeting; — manufactured  by 
W.  nud  Joliu  IJoii  finil  Co.,  Forfar. 

'Hirco  piece-  of  heavy  floor-cloth,  2  to  ;i  yards  in 
width: — inrtuufiictiiroii  l)y  Tlionioa  Boll,  Dundee. 

Two  piecci  of  a-tths  jnte  stair  carpeting.  4  pieces 
of  jute  utiir  carpeting.  1  piocu  of  30  inch  tirpnuling  tow- 
wiirji,  jiilo  weft.  1  piiKB  of  27  inch  jute  bod  siickiug. 
2  piecoa  of  42  inch  cotton,  or  coffee  bacKiug.  I  piece 
of  :14  inch  double  hop  p'Kkoting: — Diauufitctured  by 
Aleiiiudor  ,1.  \ViU\ler.,  Dundee. 

Four  pieces  nf  Til  inch  xtrong  bml  tick.  2  pieces  of  40 
and  4ri  inch  twilled  Hhectiug:— uiauufactured  by  Jnnies 
Brown,  Dundee. 

Fifty  pieces  of  striped  and  cbcckeil  f^iTicy  linens,  with  a 
vnrirty  of  putiems  of  isich: — mnnufuctured  by  John 
Uadlicttur  ami  Co.,  Dumioe. 

Ij4-  Sorra,  RicilABD  H..  -l  /(f.«™H  ■'•■l.;rl.  .^"i/rtun  K-V-.ftf 
—Manufacturer. 

.';j>ocimcns  of  linr's.  u*ii«lly  called  jvifcnt  lines,  of 
voiioiLi  sires,  for  hanging  windnw-eosbw,  abultem,  bliiiila, 
lump',  ftc. 

SjHicinians  of  Hki|ii>inR-roi>oa. 

I}5        Smith,  J..  ?.'"•'  «r.v«.r,V/,— JlaniiKicturcr. 

HpcciiucM  of  ro]H)'.  lines,  twine-,  &c.,  nuuiuroctureil 
by  lii.icliin.rv  from  Rn.win.  Manilla,  and  Italian  huuip; 
ln.-.h,  L:LlCic,~nn<l  %.VptiBU  Uai  and  tow, 

ft  I.(1!«il!T.*Fl»,  I2i;-i(.'  .«(.-it',  lin-iiU't 
/««  *V.V.':'-.Maiiufiictur.^r«. 
Boildlers',  and  lianHMis-uuilicri'  thnwls. 


llcel  ball,  tor 
r,7  MonKE,  Wii. 


f„r  A.\\'"'  Miil-rnuuinfoctuivd  rri.ni  long  Irish 
u  l-y  i-(»-i-r.  «ilbr.NL  stftn-Uor  drewinit-    Twine- 


614 


C.LAgs  14.— FLAX  AND  HEMP. 
Abeas  L.  M.  N.  0.  6  TO  8. 


[UinTEaE^ 


canvas  for  the  same  purpose,  and  manufactured  from  the 
same  material.    Twine  for  sewing  canvas  for  ships'  sails. 


68 


HoDDART,  Sir  Joseph,  &  Co.,  Limehouse — 
Manufiicturers. 
Cordage  and  sailcloth — Tarred  cordage,  from  Baltic 
hemp.  Untarred  conlage — ^Manilla,  Bombay,  India  Sunn, 
Italian,  Hungarian,  Columbia  River,  new.  Power-loom- 
woven  sailcloth,  for  the  Indian  navy,  on  the  Dutch  plan; 
for  the  British  navy;  and  for  the  Merchant  navy. 


69 


Toll,  Samuel,  153  Fenchwch  Street,  and  Globe 
Fields,  Mile  End  Road — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  twine,  ropes,  fishing  lines,  nets,  &c.,  of 
different  materials  and  qualities. 

70         Wall,  E.  &  T.,  ^anftury— Manufacturers. 

Hand -spun  laid  cords  and  twines,  made  from  Polish 
Rhine  hemp.  Petersbiui^h  cut  clean  hemp.  Polish  Rhine 
and  Petersburgh  hemps,  dressed  and  imdressed.  Twines 
made  from  Riga  flax  yams  and  tow  yams.  Whipcords 
made  from  flax  yams.  Sash  and  jack  lines,  made  from 
Indian  spun  hemp;  clothes-lines  from  Manilla  hemp; 
horse-hair  and  Manilla  horse-hair  clothes-lines.  Horses* 
halters  from  Petersburgh  hemp.  Bed  sackings.  Horse- 
hair cloth.  Fancy  door-mats,  inado  from  India  jute  hemp. 
Curled  horse-hair. 


71 


Harford,  George,  Gateshead — Inventor. 

Specimen  of  an  improved  sail-cloth,  manufactured  by 
Mil  vain  and  Harford. 


72  OouROCK  RoPEWORK  CoMPAXT,  Greenock — Manufac- 
turers. (Sadler,  Samuel,  Ironmonger  Lane,  Cheapside, 
Agent.) 

Sail-cloth,  extra  best  quality;  bleached,  second  quality; 
boiled,  third  quality. 

Tarred  cordage,  various  inches;  four  stranded,  hawser, 
and  boltrope.  Manilla  cordage,  various  inches;  wormed, 
hawser,  and  tarred. 


73  Edwards,  J.;  Ewens,  John  B.,  &  Co.;  Oundrt, 
Joseph,  &Co.;  Hounsell,  Joseph;  Hounsell, 
Wm.,  &  Co.;  Ptmore  Company;  Rendall  & 
Coombs  ;  Stephens,  J.  P.,  &  Co.  ;  Tucker, 
Tho8.,  &  Co. ;  Whetham,  S.,  &  Sons,  Local 
Committee,  Bridport. — Producers. 

Specimens  of  the  staple  manufacture  of  Bridport,  con- 
sisting of  twines,  canvas,  webs,  nets,  lines,  shoe-thread, 
tarpauling,  sacks,  &c. 

Case  A. 
Hemp  and  Flax  in  various  stages  of  preparation. 

Case  B. — T'rines. 
No.  1.  Three-thread  fishing  long  reel,  1  rand,  4 J  lbs. 
per  dozen  rand. 

2  to  4.  Three-thread  fishing  short  reel,  1  rand  each, 
6,  9,  and  12  lbs.  per  dozen,  made  from  Friesland  flax. 

5  to  7.  Three-thread  fishing  short  reel,  1  rand  each,  6, 
9,  and  12  lbs.  per  dozen,  made  from  water-rotted  Dorset 
flax. 

8  to  9.  Three-thread  fishing  short  reel,  1  rand  each, 
6,  9,  and  12  lbs.  per  dozen,  made  from  dew-]*otted 
Dorset  flax. 

10  to  16.  Three-thread  fishing  short  reel,  1  rand  each, 
9,  12,  15,  18,  24,  30,  and  M\  lbs.  per  dozen. 

17.  Three-thread  seal,  No.  1,  1  skein. 

18.  Three-thread  trawl,  ^  rand,  48  lb.  per  dozen. 

19.  Three-thread  salmon  trawl,  ^  rand,  72  lbs.  per 
dozen. 

20.  Three-thread  turtle,  1  skein,  72  lbs.  per  dozen. 

21  to  25.  Three-thread  ood-net,  1  rand  each,  4(,  9,  12, 
15,  and  18  lbs.  per  dozen. 

26  to  32.  Thi^-t}iread  salmon-net,  1  rand  each,  24, 
30,  36,  40,  48,  60,  and  80  lbs.  per  dozen. 

33.  Two-thread  fishing  short  reel,  1  rand,  6  lbs.  per 
down. 


34  to  41.  Two-thread  porlick  and  mackerel,  1  rand 
each,  7,  9,10,  11,  12,  14,  16,  and  18  lbs.  per  dozen. 

42  to  51.  Two-thread  cod-net,  1  rand  each,  9,  10,  12, 
15,  16,  18,  19,  20,  21,  and  24  lbs.  per  dozen. 

52.  Nine-thread  lobster-net,  1  rand,  84  lbs.  per  doaen. 

53.  Two-thread  and  three-thread  shop.     54.  Dutch. 

55.  Three-thread  packing. 

56.  Fine  three-thread  bleached  gilling. 

Case  C. — Canvas, 

1.  No.  1.  Bleached  double  warp,  24  inches  wide. 

2.  No.  1.  Bleached  double  warp,  18  inches  wide. 

3.  No.  1.  Half-bleached  warp,  24  inches  wide. 

4.  No.  1.  Double  warp,  24  inches  wide,  as  used  in  Her 
Majesty's  Navy. 

5.  No.  1.  Single  warp,  full  bleached. 

6.  No.  6.  Double  warp,  full  bleached. 

Case  D. —  Webs. 
Nos.  1  and  2.  Brown  extra  stout,  machine  web,  12  and 
4  inches. 

3.  Striped  extra  stout.  Artillery  girth,  4  inches. 

4.  Brown  gullet  web,  lA  inches. 

5.  Superfine  brown  straming  web,  3  inches. 

6  and  7.  Fancy  linen  girth  web,  3}  and  2  inches. 

8.  Striped  tray  web,  24  inches. 

9.  AVhite  boot  web,  IJ  mches. 

10.  White  linen  collar  or  bradoon  web,  1}  inches. 

11.  Diaper  web,  2  J  inches. 

12.  Chair  web.  If  inches. 

13.  Brown  extra  stout.  Army  girth,  5  inches. 

14.  Saddle-seat  web,  8}  inches. 

15.  16,  17,  18,  19.  Fancy  linen  guiJi  web,  SJ,  SJ,  2J, 
2^  and  2j^  inches. 

20.  White  linen  roller  web,  4  inches. 

21  and  22.  Fancy  linen  roller  web,  4  inches. 

23,  24,  25,  26.  Fancy  linen  roller  web,  4  inches. 

27.  Fancy  linen  roller  web,  5J  inches. 

28.  White  woollen  brace  web,  2  J  inches. 

29.  Fancy  woollen  girth  web,  2^  inches. 

30  and  31.  Fancy  woollen  roller  web,  5^  inches. 

Case  l&.^Fishing-Nets. 

1.  Herring-drift,  18  feet  deep,  11  fathoms  long^  2f 
inch  mesh,  roped. 

2.  Mackerel-drift,  27  feet  deep,  19  fiithoms  long,  3^ 
inch  mesh,  roped. 

3.  Herring-drift  used  on  English  coast. 

4.  Mackerel-drift  used  on  English  coast. 


Case  F. 

1.  Deep  sea,  1  coil. 

2.  Hand  lead,  1  line, 

3  to  6.  Hambro',  1  line 
each,  9,  12,  15,  and  18 
strands. 

7.  Bank,  1  line. 

8.  Cod,  1  line. 

9.  North  sea  cod,  1  line. 
10.  Log,  1  line,  18  strands. 
1 1  to  12.  St.  Peter's  cod, 

1    line    each,    15    and    18 
threads. 

13.  Long  shore,  1  line. 

14.  Pallock,  1  line. 

15.  Squid,  or  jigger,  lline. 
16  to  18.  Snoods,  1  line 

each. 


— Lines, 

18.  Chalk,  1  line. 

19.  White  sash  cord,  1 
line. 

20.  Brown  sash  oord,  1 
line. 

21  &  22.  Whip-oord,  va- 
rious sizes. 

23.  Norsels,  1  lb.,  used 
for  tying  nets  to  head- 
ropes. 

24.  Two-thread  marline, 
1  slip. 

25.  Three -thread  hood- 
ing, 1  slip. 

26.  Mackerel,  1  line. 

27.  Long  sed,  1  line. 


1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 


Case  O. — Shoe-threads  and  Seaming-tvints, 


5. 


No.  1,  common. 
No.  2,  common. 
Best  common. 
Fine. 
Fine  flax. 

6.  Superfine  flax. 

7.  Extra  superfine  flax. 

8.  Brown  closing. 

9  to  16.  Varieties  of  half- 
bleached. 

17  &  18.  Green. 
19  to  21.  Yellow. 


22.  Yellow  closing, 

23.  No.  8  fittmg. 

24.  White  closing. 
Those    24    articles 

threads. 

25  &  26.  6  and  9  three- 
thread  seaming  twine),  from 
Dorset  dew-ripe  flax. 

27  &  28.  6  and  9  three- 
thread  seaming  twine,  from 
Dorset  water-ripe  flax. 


3 


^LJM 14.— FLA±  AND  HEMP. 
Abbab  L.  M.  K.  O.  6  to  8. 


m& 


1. 


4.  Blfljiplitd       herring- 


€a«  L— Jli4liy  iMff ■ 


6.  Keoe  oi  luttekeral. 

7.  Gbd-MiiM,  3  indifli. 

8.  Cod  wiao,  4  inoiwi, 
9u  "fTtid  Miiiin  SIimIibb* 


I. 


t.  A  lOdted  diift«0l»  M  VMd  ki  OnrowBll,  fitted  finr 

t.  flf^lwiMl  iwimud  htig, 

S.  TlfwilwMihiil  round  iMig  (iMMmt  Mtm). 

4b.  Kwi  IhbKiI  voond  bag  (withoiit  mmu). 

J^  Tfcm  tiMhil  MBBod  CbMKfT  e  lb.)  1m^. 

t.  Tlfwilwihiil  roond  hig  (mtbovi  amok), 

T.  flvo4iMi  bod-Mddn^. 

a.  Hmo  4 IM  4  indiM  Mflldng-dotlw 

t.  ftiifcal  poUol  Mflldng. 
10.  Wool  Ami. 
iU  IbT-twwhd  fomid  bag  (whiioat  Mtm). 

flhMO  itlleifli  UiOQfl^  UiHlo  interoBiing  in  thmnMlT8f, 
an 9«l fanpofteallB  a woial point  oC Tiow,  andrapreoent 
tdignoyitbiiHieiti  of  our  oountry,  asa  maritinie 
m  oonnootod  with  this  manwftMinre. 

be  oooaidend  tho  eapeoial  aatt  of  the 
mMwfWfaie^  a  bnoch  of  indnetry  which 
Umto  for  ontnriee;  in  het,  ao  eeriy  was 
bofoni^  oalebnted  Hor  it^  that  in  an  Act  of 
21  Hen.  VHI.,  it  was  set  forth,  that  the 
inhabHaiita  "  had,  time  out  of  mind,  used  to  make  within 
the  town  for  the  moet  part  all  the  great  cables,  ropes, 
and  other  tackling  for  the  Royal  Navy,  and  the  most  part 
9i  eihsr  ships  within  this  realm." 

It  ia  difficult  to  estimate  the  number  of  hands  employed 
in  the  staple  manufacture  in  the  town  and  the  surroimd- 
11^  district,  the  majority  of  the  population  being  engaged 
in  one  or  other  of  its  branches;  the  number  may  be 
nmghly  estimated  st  from  7000  to  8000.] 

74   HoLU^WAT,  Thomas  John,  Salidnwry — Manufacturer. 
Hemp  and  flas  twinee. 


74a  BsKKsnEB,  John,  Kirkaldy,  «Sc(rftos</~- Manufacturer. 

Pieoea  of  sail-cloth,  made  entirely  of  Baltic  flax  yam, 
the  warp  being  of  three-ply  and  the  weft  four-ply.  Sail- 
doth  made  upon  this  principle  is  stronger  than  canvas 
made  in  the  usual  way,  particularly  if  the  yams  are  made 
from  Irish  flax. 

75  Dixon  &  LoNOSTArr,  Stockton-on-Tces — 

Manufincturers. 

8ai]-«loih,  made  from  Baltic  long  flax;  hand-loom  woven. 


76        W^MMM^  Jonathan,  &  Sons,  Cockermouth — 

Manufacturers. 
Dyed  and  bleached  linen  threads. 


•-• 


71#  femiieen  foilotring  are  placed  on  the  North  Wall, 
near  the  Flax  Machinery  in  Class  5. 


77    Bulls, 


BaoWN  T.,  Andorer  Ford,  Gloficestershire — 
Manufacturer. 

tubing,  tarpaulin  of  hemp  and  flax ;   flaxen 
eoata.  Ice. 


78  ^UJKIIBI,  R.,  iVsweosiitf— Mannfkctnrer. 
•I^>edniena  of  oanvas. 

79  FmABEti,  D.,  AHfroaih,  Sooitoid— Mannlhetarer. 
Navy  bleached  and  boiled  canyaa.    Improved  brown 

canyaa  flax  warpa.    Common  brown  tow,  single  brown 
tow,  and  ocmunon  bleached  oanrai* 

80  DuHOAH,  D.,  &  Co.,  Afiroath,  SooUtmd^ 

KannfSMitttPara. 
Hemp  lail-eloth* 

81  BsiniT,  Soin,  ft  Co.,  JMroM,  Sootkmd^ 

ManofiMstiireri. 
Naw  sail-cloth  made  for  British  OoTemment.    Ini« 
proYed  aailHsloth,  made  for  the  British  merBhaBt  nsfy. 

82  GtoBDOW,  G.  ft  A.,  JMroath,  Seoikmd^ 

Manufiwiiturars.. 
Specimens  of  the  yarions  qualittea  of  line  and  low-jam 
mannfSMtured  in  Arbroath  ;  dxy-apnn  line-yarn,  ifo.  X 
to  50,  and  tow^yam.  No.  1  to  25.    SaO-twine. 

83  Salxomd,  W.,  JHtroaih,  <8!i»tlaw<l— Mannfketnrar. 
Bleached  nnstarohed  sail-oloth ;  miU-waahed  long  flax 

sail-cloth.  Tarpaulin,  nnstarehed,  28-inch  brown.  Sngle 
beat  tow  yitrie.    Beat  brown  tow  double  canyaa. 


84  Oabuuid,  W.,  A/^roath,  SooUand-'Mmmheiwnt. 
Hop-pocketing.    FlooiMdoth.    Kina-feet  flax  canyaa. 

85  Baiuat  ft  SxABT,  Arbroath,  SooHtmd-^ 

ManufMsturera. 
SaoUng.    Brown  canyaa ;  brown  single  canyaa. 

86  Andsmow,  C.^  JHfroath,  Scoikmd-^ 

Manufiboturar. 
Imperial  and  Rnasia  ducka.     TidkkiibaigB.     Rnaria 

sheetmgB,  and  padding  canvas.  Double  canvas,  single 
canvas,  and  waterproof  cloth  for  railway  covers.  Hemp 
tarpaulings. 

87  NicOL,  A.,  &  Co.,  Arbroath,  Scotland — 

Manufacturers. 
Towelling.    Sheeting,  bleached  and  brown.    Osnaburg. 
Mixed-hemp  sacking.      Flour  sacks.      Kye-grass  sacks. 
Cofiee-bags.     Shop-twine  ;  hemp-twine. 


88  Curb  &  Co.,  Arbroath,  Scotland — 

Manufacturers. 
Brown  flax  sheeting  ;    brown  tow  sheeting, 
dowlas  ;  loom  sheeting.     Ticklenburgs.     Ducks. 


Loom 


89  Daonall,  Charles,  &  Co.,  Little  Chelsea — 

Manufacturers. 

Variety  of  mats  and  matting. 

Samples  of  fine  coir  j'am  from  Cochin ;  of  coarse  coir 
yam,  Bombay;  of  coir  yarn,  Ceylon;  of  coir  junk  and 
fibre,  from  Cochin,  Bombay,  and  Ceylon. 

Specimens  of  silk  grass,  lute,  or  paut  hemp,  from 
Calcutta;  and  of  Manilla  hemp. 

[Coir  yam  is  obtained  from  the  husk  of  the  cocoa-nut, 
and  "jute"  fi*om  the  stems  of  Corchorus  olUoricus, — J.  L.] 

90  Edoington,  Thos.  F.,  45  Butolph  Lane — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimen  ofcomiiosition  cloth,  made  up  from  long  flax, 
and  dressed   with  a  solution  which  renders  it  perfectly 
waterproof;  used  for  railway  luggage,  truck  covers,  ftc. 


•♦•    The  five  follotring  are  placed  xcith  Class  11. 

91  Sadler,  Samuel,  24  Ironmonger  Lane — Importer. 

Bleached  light  linen,  in  cartoon  boxes.  Bleaobed  sile- 
sias  and  platillas.  Estopillas,  bretanas,  and  cress  legiti- 
mas.    Thick  linen  handkerclaefs.    All  exhibited  for  style 


616 


Class  14.— FLAX  AND  HEMP. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  G  to  8. 


and  cheapness,  bb  well  as  adaptation  for  the  South  Ameri- 
can, Mexican,  and  West  Indian  markets. 

Bleached  medium  linens,  extra  strong  linens,  fronting 
linens,  and  extra  strong  shirtings.  Exhibited  for  quality 
and  fitness  for  the  home  trade. 


92       CouLSON,  Jaxes,  8c  Co.,  Lisbum,  Ireland— 

ManufiEu^urers. 

Fine  damask  table-cloth,  with  the  armorial  bearings  of 
His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Bedford.  The  collar  and  stsure  of 
the  Order  of  the  Garter,  &c.,  appropriately  interwoven. 

Fine  damask  table-cloth,  made  for  His  Grace  the  Duke 
of  Sutherland. 

Fine  damask  table-cloth,  appropriately  ornamented  with 
the  improved  insertions,  having  the  various  royal  insignia, 
with  collars  and  stars  of  the  different  orders;  made  for 
Her  Majesty. 

Fine  damaak  sideboard  table-cloth,  appropriately  orna- 
mented; made  for  Her  Majesty. 

Fine  damask  table-cloths,  prepared  for  the  Earl  of 
Derby,  and  for  the  Ist  regiment  of  Life  Guards;  the  2nd 
Life  Guards;  the  16th  Lancers;  the  Soots  Fusilier  Guards; 
and  the  57th  Regiment,  with  badges,  &c. 

{Placed  partly  fcith  Clitss  11,  and  partly  with  Clnss  14.) 

[The  antiquity  and  celebrity  of  the  "fine  linen"  of 
Egypt,  clearly  points  to  that  country,  as  the  place  where 
its  manufacture  originated.  Specimens  of  this  article 
¥rrapped  about  the  Egyptian  mummies,  and  supposed  to 
be  at  least  3000  years  old,  are  remarkable  for  fineness  of 
texture.  Linen  was  introduced  into  England,  by  the 
Flemings  in  1253,  as  a  substitute  for  the  woollen  shirting 
previously  worn.  Although  Ireland  now  excels  in  this 
manufacture,  it  was  not  introduced  into  that  country 
till  1634. 

One  kind  of  linen  is  still  called  Holland,  from  the 
place  where  it  was  first  manufactured;  this  article  having 
been  lai^ely  imported  for  domestic  use,  before  our  home 
manufacture  had  arrived  at  such  perfection  as  to  take  its 
place.  Unbleached  linen  is  called  broi^-n  Holland,  and 
is  used  for  various  articles  of  clothing  and  upholstery; 
sileaia  is  a  species  of  fine  brown  holland,  glazed.  Dowlas, 
is  a  strong  kind  of  Irish  linen,  for  shirting.  Drill,  is  a 
stout  twill  for  trousers.  Damask,  is  a  twilled  fabric, 
similar  to  that  made  of  silk,  and  much  used  for  table- 
cloths ;  Dunfermline,  in  Scotland,  and  Ardoyne  and 
Lisbiun,  in  Ireland,  are  celebrated  for  the  beauty  and 
excellence  of  their  manufactures  in  this  article.     • 


Brown  damask  is  the  same  article  unbleached,  and 
being  deemed  stronger  in  this  state,  is  used  as  mora 
economical.  Diapers  are  damaaks  of  amaller  idae  and 
simpler  patterns.  There  are  also  xmion  ^*»'***^t  and 
diapers,  made  of  linen  and  cotton  combined.  ' 

Sheeting  linens  are  of  various  names  and  qnalitiea,  as 
Irish,  Lancashire,  and  Scotch;  also  Rusna,  Toikahire, 
and  Bamsley;  besides  there  are  unions  and  imitatkniB  of 
these,  of  which  the  Russia  is  the  strongest  and  oosnest. 
Huckaback,  is  a  species  of  very  coarse  dii^Mr  used  for 
towelling.  Tick  and  union  tick  are  well  known  articles 
for  upholstery  purposes.  Canvas  is  usually  made  of 
hemp,  but  a  finer  sort  is  nuide  from  flax.  Coarse  osnTas 
is  used  for  sail  cloth,  tents,  and  coverings  of  variooi 
kinds.  The  finest  article  made  in  linen,  is  called  eambric 
or  Batiste,  from  Cambray,  where  it  was  first  made,  dt 
Batiste,  its  first  maker.  French  cambric  is  still  much 
esteemed  in  the  shape  of  handkerchiefs,  though  it  is 
often  equalled  by  our  home  manufacture.  Scotch  eambrio 
is  a  cotton  fabric,  made  in  imitation  of  French  cambric 
La\('n  is  a  species  of  very  fine  linen,  approaching  cambric 
in  texture. — R.  W.] 


93  CouLfiON,  William,  Lisbum,  // Wane/— Designer  and  ' 

Manufacturer, 
fine  damask  table-cloths  and  napkins. 

(Placed  partly  with  Chtss  11,  and  partly  fnih  Class  14.) 

95      Capper,  John,  &  Son,  69  Gracechurch  Street — 
Part  Inventors  and  Makers. 

Table  cover,  of  linen  damask,  unbleached.  The  same, 
bleached,  for  use;  manufactured  in  Scotland. 

Registered  stri|>ed  or  banded  towelling.  Invented  by 
the  exhibitora. 

Newark  huckaback  towelling:  the  "  Wellington,"  of 
yarn  twice  twisted  in  the  weft,  preserving  itsharpneas 
during  wear;  the  ''Russia,"  and  the  "Newark,"  with 
recent  improvements  in  fabric. 

Huckaback  towellings,  bleached,  of  various  qoalitiss^ 
manufactured  in  England. 

Sheetings  for  household  use;  manufiictared  in  Irelaiid. 


90         M'Leownan,  John,  &  Co  ,  8  Bmrje  TarJ, 
BucMerabHry — Manu&cturers. 

Bleached  sail  canvas,  made  from  Irish  flaiL,  and  by  hand- 
loom. 


For  Class  15— Mixed  Fabrics,  including  Shawls— iS«?e  Classes  12  &  15,  page  185. 


LEATHER,   SADDLERY   AND   HARNESS,    SKINS,    FUR,   AND    HAIR. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Thb  pRMot  CUn  includes  a  variety  of  manuracturing  processes  relating  to  the  commercial  prei^ralion  of 
knimal  mUtanccs  in  the  form  of  leather,  sliius,  fur,  ]iair,  and  feathers.  Until  within  a  recent  period,  expe- 
rience rather  than  science  haa  directed  tho  labours  of  manufacturers  in  their  operations  upou  these  substances. 
And  al  present  the  rules  taught  hy  experience  are  iu  many  cases  still  pursued  in  practice,  with,  honerer,  such 
■audi Gcml ions  as  an  intelligent  comprehenaiou  of  the  operation  of  the  chemical  and  other  pbilosopliical  lans  put 
■Dlo  force  ID  the  processes  would  suggest.  -  , 

The  followinji  Sub-t' lasses  are  reco-^ited  in  this  Class ; — A.  Leather,  as  rougli  and  tanned,  curried,  enamelled, 
dyed — Oil  Leather,  as  Buckskin,  Doeskin,  &c. — While  and  Alum  Leather ;  Sheep  and  Skin  Bugs,  i'arcliraent, 
a&il  Vellnm ;  B.  Saddlery  and  Harness  ;  C.  Miscellaneous ;  I).  Skins  and  Furs  of  all  descriptions  for  personal 
and  domestic  use ;  E.  Teatbers,  as  those  of  tlie  Ustrich,  Marabout,  &c. ;  F.  Hair,  onuunentally  and  usefully 

The  HNitioa  occupied  in  the  Building  is  at  the  Xorth  side  of  tJio  Western  Main  Avenue,  The  Areas 
{odnded  are  G.  U.  1.  and  J.,  from  10  to  14.  In  addition,  siiccimens  are  suspended  from  the  Galleries,  and  ill 
the  centre  of  the  Avenue  is  a  case  containing  examples  of  the  most  rare  and  costly  furs. 

The  localities  in  which  the  manufactures  concerned  in  this  Class  are  carried  on,  and  from  whence  articles 
for  exhibition  have  chiefly  been  derived,  are  Bcmiondsey,  where  (lie  preparation  of  leather  has  been  successfully 
CODilucted  duriux  a  very  Ions  period,  Hull,  Swansea,  Bristol,  Cork,  I.iver|iool,  Edinburgh,  and  I'almouth. 

The  manufacture  of  leatljer  lias  liotu  eslinialeil  as  only  fourth  in  ini]iort;uice  among  the  national  inanu- 
fafiun-s  .it  lirnit  Kritiiiii.  A  lar:;!'  .iiiiniini  of  capiliil  is  euiployol  in  its  pniduclifrti,  and  the  number  of 
;tT^ixir.-  and  ■a\<'t*  dini'tly  sup['nrtc<l  by  this  bnuicb  of  iiidiistry  has  U-cii  tuken  tu  am<iimt  to  ntiirly  n  quarter 
'■1  .1  iiiillji'ii.  'I'hi-  ti'tal  annual  value  of  (lie  lenllier  nianufucturi's  U  couiputid  at  aluut  fourteen  iiiilliuns 
-trrliri.'.  Ii  ap|i(-ars  prolnlile  iljnl  in  the  mere  article  of  Ujuts  and  sbueK,  upunrds  of  seven  niillioiis  Mtcrliiig 
an-  driiiiially  e.iiviiikil  by  the  iiihnbitaiil»  of  this  ciituitry.  If  it  be  considered  tliat  mther  more  llinii  half  the 
I'Mi'nr  j-rii'ilii'eil  is  thiw  ajiplieil,  the  renmimler  is  nujJoyed  in  the  production  <if  harncait,  xaddlcry,  cloves,  and 
till- miilTifuriuiisjnirjiniies  fur  which  leatlu'r  is  applicable.  <)f  Intu  cbi'mistry  hoK  been  studied  attentively  by 
t'l  M-  .1"]ii-nih-nt  u|>in  this  btancli  of  industry,  and  sucn-ssfn!  results  have  ensued.  A  variety  of  puleut 
[m,---.;^^  e^isi  by  wliicb  the  em-nnous  amininl  of  time  iiivnlvcd  iu  tanniii-!  on  the  old  system  is  nVridgi'<l  to  a 
-'•rpri'iti^  vvrerit.  With  miuic  specimens  i  if  leal  her  it  has  not  Iiet-u  unusual  to  devote  eiijbteen  inoutlis  or 
ii;  ■.■..ir-l-  1.1  ilii'ir  ci.iiiliinatiiin  "itb  the  native  (iriiicipleH  of  the  Inrk,  A  few  weeks  are  sntlxieiit,  under  S'veml 
.1  ^..-  (:.  «■  ^vKi-iiis,  u,  elfecl  tlie  wunc  ohj,,'!.  lUit  it  is  slateil  that  the  Imtlier  priduecd  mpidly  differs  from 
tt. .'.  [-n-liic-l  by  u  liliiwer  pnieeris  of  nnnbinatioii  in  its  dunbility  and  wilidity.  Aud  it  is  (.iinsidcnil  by 
~'-  ."  lihii  liiiif.'  is  an  t'ssential  element  in  the  mauufaclure,  and  that  it  lanmit  1h'  iulvantn'^cously  Kl.ortencd  tu 
a:  V  .%.i.-i.|ir.ible  cxtwit.  lA-nlher  is  untpu-stiimnbly  a  chemical  comiNiund,  and  this  rtoiilera  it  prokible  that  a 
•-  .V  .i:.<l  ^r.uhi.il  pnmiiNor  combiiintiiin  U'rween  the  ;:i'lii1iiie  of  tiio  skin,  and  the  tiumiii  acid  of  the  lark, 
I  .ly  [Ti-iiK-.-aI.-.iili<-r,  to smnc extent,  of  ditreii-nt  proiiTties  to  that  funiicil  by  a  .piicker  o|«'riitiini.  A  very 
'i:ir.-  .iiti-'iiiit  <if  b'.iilicr  Is,  h'lwevt'r,  mauufacturoil  bv  the  rapid  |>nicesH,  fTiim  wliiirli  it  inav  iv  cuni-luded  that 
!■.  [  r.-ii:i.t  |.r.*-s:-,s  iinal  f^mmiTtiid  value.  A  j.'ri'Ut  vuriety  of  l.'iithers  in  nil  ,H,hdiri..iis  and  slule-s  ..f  miinu- 
t  UiuHtratinit  the  jiccnliarilies  of  ilitlVritil   mi'lbiicU  rif  miumfaeture, 


■id  ii 


■>ribe  punoM-KlViruliic 


>v;.nUapi'li'-"l- 


in^oilli'ctioiKiffursis'' 

iiib^„.l 

'ri.Wblvihi-..p[K,rimiitv  Iims 

tudv.if  thisrlawi'if  riiiii 

'urs  ..r  tlie  must  mre.Usrripti 

im.iUL'  these  s|j<-eimrMs. 

ir.ilisl  dryinius.if  asiiTtainin 

ciimmi-nv,  a  subjni  <-\i  \ 

)jieli  iiiiirl 

(onllictiiii!  iiiiinidii  exinls,  the 

riU-.l  in  the  ralaln^iie 

f  this  clii- 

in(.'r.siinL, 

ubjirts,   i-«sessiiig  tlieir  pee 

t'\l)iMI'>r:>  ill  Ibiscln.'.s  i 

In  liutMn<'>-iL  in<-lud.'S  l..i' 

d<.ni-'»iic-u-«'.  iiiiidditio 

tu«,ddllT 

■  .&(•.,  thi-  unn.l'-r  of  [■■i-wms  ii< 

.■pn 


518 


CLAB8  16.— LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


^UsiTED 


1    Bevingtons  &  Sons,   Neckiiujer  Mill,  Bermondsetf — 

Manufacturers. 

Goat,  sheep,  seal,  kid,  and  lamb  skins,  in  the  manufac- 
tured state. 

Goat,  seal,  sheep,  and  calf  skins  manufactured  into 
morocco,  roans,  skivers,  and  enamelled  leather,  for  fur- 
niture, bookbinding,  and  shoe  leather. 

Kid,  lamb.  Cape  shoep,  and  calf  skins  (alimi  leather), 
manufactured  for  gloves,  shoes,  and  shoe  binding. 

Specimens  of  leather,  with  varieties  in  tanning  and 
leather-dressing. 

[Leather,  such  as  that  used  for  boots  and  shoes,  is 
strictly  a  chemical  product.  The  skins  of  a  variety  of 
animals  are  employed  in  the  preparation  of  this  article  of 
universal  use.  The  preparation  of  most  varieties  of  lea- 
ther consists  essentially  in  the  formation  of  a  chemical 
compound,  of  the  gelatine  of  the  skin,  and  of  a  chemical 
principle  called  tannin,  contained  in  the  liquid  used. 
Alum  leather  differs  from  ordinary  leather  in  its  pro- 
perties and  composition — R.  E.] 


2  Squike,  Thomas,  Latchfordj  Warrington — ^Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  sole  leather,  tanned  in  Cheshire,  made 
from  hides,  the  produce  of  Buenos  Ayres  in  South 
America,  tanned  with  oak  bark,  the  produce  of  Belgium, 
and  a  very  small  proportion  of  valonia,  from  Smyrna— 
26  weeks  in  process. 

Solo  leather,  tanned  without  bark,  made  from  hides, 
the  produce  of  the  United  Kingdom ;  tanned  with  equal 
proportions  of  divi  divi  from  South  America,  gaiubier 
from  the  East  Indies,  and  valonia  from  Smyrna — 16  weeks 
in  process. 

3  LuPTON,  JoiiSf  Chapel  Lmie,  Bradford — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  cemented  leather  strapping,   used  for 

driving-belts  in  weaving  and  spinning. 

4  BusE,  Nicholas,  Oxford  Street,  Swansea — 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  calf-skins   for  the   upper-leather  of  boots. 
Manufactured  by  a  new  process. 

6  NicnoLLS,  H.,  5  Stafford  Street,  Bond  Street,  and  4  andt> 
Birchin  Lane,  City — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Waterproof  tanned  leather,  skins  (of  English  and  Cape 
sheep),  for  sporting  articles,  shooting  gaiters,  trousers,  &c. 

Black  buckskin  leather  of  permanent  dye,  suitable  for 
trousers  and  other  articles  of  dress. 

Specimens  of  paste  for  cleaning  white  leather  trou- 
sers, &c. 

White  buckskin  himting  breeches. 

Cleaning  balls  of  various  colours. 

Improved  composition  for  rendering  the  soles  of  boots 
and  shoes  waterproof  and  durable,  and  the  upper  leathora 
soft. 

A  new  waistcoat  in  leather  and  clotli. 


6  HARTT.Er,  Elizabeth,  Lo*o  Bridie,  A'naresborou/jh — 

Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufactiuxjr. 
Hearth-rug.     Boa  and  muff.     Carriage-bonnct  and  rug. 
Pair  of  cuffs. — ^AU  made  from  English  lamb  and  sheep- 
skin.   

7  RoDINSON,  J.,  Wfttersidc,  Knaresfji)roihjh — 

Manufacturer. 
Carriage-rugs  of  different  colours.     Henrth-nig.     Boas 
and  muffrt.    Carriage  and  wool-slippers.    Table-mat. — All 
made  from  English  and  foreign  sheepskin. 

8  Hill,  O.,  Knureshf/ro^ujh — Manufacturer. 

Rugs  for  carriages,  carriage -slippers,  and  tea-urn  mats. 

9  CI.APHAM,  John,  Knirahorcntgh — Manufacturer. 
Hearth-nig.     Rugs  in   sundry  colours,   for  door-mats 

and  carriages.     Foot-muffn^  for  carriage  use.     Travelling 


shoes  and  boots,  and  slippers  for  domestic  use.  Huff. 
Boa.  Victorine.  Tea-urn  mat. — ^AU  made  from  Bbeep- 
skin.  

10  Deed,  J.  S.,  Little  Neicport  Street,  Leuxtter  Square^ 

Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  leather. 

ID^ed  sheep  and  lamb-skin  wool  rugs,  or  mats. 

Wool  rug,  made  from  sheep  and  lamb-sklnB,  repreMOt- 
ing  the  globe,  Britannia,  peace,  and  plenty,  lion  and  lamb, 
and  doves  with  olive  branches.  Motto—"  Tho  earth  is 
the  Lord's  and  the  fulness  thereof." 


11  Wilson,  Walker,  &  Co.,  Z^^is— Manufaotnrera. 

Coloured  sheep-leather  skivers,  for  bookbinders^  hst- 
ters,  &c.,  coloured  roans,  for  furniture  and  boots;  roller 
leather,  for  silk  and  cotton  spinning;  chamois  or  wasih 
leather. 

Coloured  calf  and  morocco,  hard-grained,  for  book- 
binding.   

12  Benson,  C,  11  Waterloo  Street,  Leeda-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Hair-bag  for  extracting  oil  from  linseed,  &c. 


13   HoGARTY  Brothers,  Cork,  Ireland— ManuActimn, 

Boot  fronts  and  legs,  kip  butts,  roans,  shoe  mid- 
dlings ;  black-grained  (»lf  for  buttoned  boots;  calf-skins, 
waxed  and  russet,  and  tanned  in  sumac. 


14  WiNSOR,  George,  &  Son,  Oreat  BiuseH  Street, 
Bermondsey — ^Manufacturers. 
Coloured  wool  rugs.  Rugs,  fancy  and  bordered.  Hesrtk- 
rugs,  fancy  bordered,  and  white.  Skins  for  cavalry, 
wlSte  and  black.  Skins  japanned  for  socks.  Skins  for 
ladies'  boas.  French  dog  and  lamb  skins,  for  lining  chores, 
shoes,  kc. ;  and  carriage  and  foot  muffs. 


15  Rheam,  E.,  Hull — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  boot  and  shoe  leathers,  of  FVench  and 

English  calf-skin.     Horse-hide  from  Spanish  Amerio^ 
tanned  and  curried  in  England. 

16  Holmes,  Thomas,  Aniaby  Road,  Hull — Importer 

and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  tanned  hide  from  the  neck  and  back  of  a 
full-grown  walrus,  or  sea-horse;  also,  from  a  young  one, 
and  from  a  cub. 

Polishiug-wheels  covered  with  the  same. 

HeadB  of  male  and  female  walnui  or  sea-horse,  taken 
by  Captain  Gra^'il  at  the  Davis*  Straits  fisheries,  1850. 


17    Stockil,  William,  33  Long  Lane,  Southteark — 

Manufacturer. 
Wellington  boot  fronts  and  grafts,  waterproof. 


18  Evans,  Thomas,  &  Son,  10  Silver  Street,  WoodStrtft. 
Parchment  aud  chamois  leather. 

Fancy  parchment  direction  labels. 

19  Glover.  J.  &  T.,  7  WfX)d  Street,  Cheapeide-^ 

Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  oil  leather,  fn)m  buck,  doe,  oalf,  sheep^ 
and  lamb  skins  prepared  on  an  improved  principle. 

Specimens  of  gloves  manufactured  from  leather  pre- 
pared by  the  new  process;  and  from  Irish  kid  skins. 

Improved  button  for  gloves,  shirts,  wearing  apparel, 
&c.,  which  can  be  permanently  attached  without  per- 
foration.    Improved  opening  for  gloves. 

[Leather  dressed  with  oil,  instead  of  by  the  process 
in  which  tanning  combines  with  the  gelatine  of  the  skin, 
differs  in  many  of  its  properties  from  leather  prepared 
by  tanning.  Oil  is  generally  made  to  penetrate  the  skins 
by  "fulling"  them  after  sprinkling  the  surfiice  with  oil. 
The  oil  enters  into  a  permanent  combination  with  the 


] 


SKINE»  FOB,  AND  HAIB. 
AxsAB  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  TO  14. 


519 


■oft  and  pUttit.    Oidioaiy 
k  «i  illiMlnlioii  of  ihk  mode  of  pnporing 


k  Loam,  80  Wmi  SmUhJdd-^ 


etlf  akiiH^  tMmid  abrotd,  InrtomriMi 


lddi%  fiioin  rkwitti  h  iiMiitinii  tim  m  TiUlwi. 

iMPds  01  DOiiMiooiiigwyfcodiit  fliniitop 
of  8oiA AaMtkftliKfe  bennotioed  In  itfikiiig 
JtjMmmBmaMdL    During  Mm  i«iiid«aoM  of 
agopwrtodJBollyafcjeet^  Tiitmiinboni 
tih»  fieliiii*  of  thio  ocooodilot  or  tho 
l^tlf  an  alio  tiio  pv^  of  tiio  IndlMi  hnntony 
Ute  hnk  an  ia^porlMil  part  of  tho  vqpati 
of  aatwal  Scmflk  JjiMsioaii  poite.    These  hSdea  an 
Ib  QvM*  firftafai;  and  in  1841,  tho  quantity 
to  8H538  awt.— R.  £.] 


31     Smni,  WnuAX  Hxnbt,  &  Soir,  136  Sifrowl— 

Manqfimtnrifa. 
Beapatoh  bozea  of  Tuiotyi  aiaea  and  deaocqitionB. 
l^wmlinff  and  dreaaing  oaaaa. 
Writings  blotting^  and  oard  oaaea,  &o« 


31 


V  T^  Pataiki 


oaae,  &o. 


0  Tiittlli^WiuiAM^aMarjnrJte^Olijrm^ANitf-- 
inmstor  and  Mannnotorer. 
dwui'ljiHom  of  pawhment>  nearly  xeaembling 


Bum,  Ekm»  Bamar,  Boko  £fiftur§. 

MIoMiT  eaaa^  in  htdhty  ornamented  mo- 
Ia  ita  mnn»  being  a  model  of  a  part  of 
Bdribiftloii  bidlding. 

eM%  oontaining  oonrenienoeB  for  traTeUin^ 

TldbMp  dwaeing,  mad  refreahment  caaee ;  it 

to  &a  iande  of  a  oanriage^  and  form  an 

oompanion.  Another  adapted  for  yieit- 
traTeUing. 


24     LsTXB,  J.  &  J.,  13  Site  Lane — Manufacturera. 

Writiog,  drawinff,  and  binding  vellum.  Drum  and  tarn- 
boarine  headm     Writing  and  binding  parchment. 


25      WooD^  WiLUAX  k  Samuel,  32  Bow  Street — 

ManufjEMsturers. 
Calf  akm  in  its  natural  state,  with  the  hair  on,  simply 
dried ;  the  aame  tanned  in  oak  bark,  prepared  for  the 
cnnier  ;  the  same  of  Tarious  thicknesses,  curried  for 
boo^s  and  shoes  ;  and  the  same  variously  dressed  as 
morocoo,  kc. ;  aleo  for  boots  and  shoes. 


27 


',  Jam  Thomas,  12  Market  Street,  Manchester — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Portmantwan   for   travelling,   with    improved    frame^ 
or  buckles  on  the  outside. 


28  Tnsoir,  Cmamlis,  11  SmUhson  St.,  Yor\  St.,  Hulmej 

now  Manchetter — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Inptoved  portmanteau,  constructed  so  that  all  the 
^Tieioos  are  thrown  open  at  one  time,  to  facilitate  pack- 
bag,  and  the  removal  of  any  article  without  having  to  un- 
pad^ and  to  prevent  rain  or  water  getting  in  the  inside, 
bgr  **^^^**C  the  staff  to  shut  close  all  round. 

29  FuncAOAK,  J.,  Manchester — Manufacturer. 
T^sveUmg  trunk. 


30 


WoLUAM  D.,  High  street,  Shrewsbury — Designer 
and  Manufacturer, 
patent  shot-beltr— <the  "Royal  Albert ">— 
in  relief,  by  hand  labour. 

artAclea>  manufiwtured  in  leather,  &c. 


32  Qmomam,  Gubodit,  103  Z^eoa  Straet,  Soko^lmpotbet 

and  Manwfbetnrer. 
Koroooo  and  Boaria  leatlier,  nrepared  for  the  nae  of 
Qpholater«ra»  ooadbmaken^  bookbiiMera;  alaofor  dreaabg 
and  other  fioegr  oaae  makei%  boot  and  iiioe  makeray  kc. 

33  hurr,  Jqvbu,  38  Setvmark0t--43anvAoat  md 

HaUOXfeBRirBIF^ 

Begiatered  ^rardxobe  portmanteau,  lASSk  ftya  oonqpart> 
menta« 

Knapaack  for  pedeatiiana,  eontainfng  aa  eBtea  pookei 
on  the  top. 

Impro^  bag  for  dothea^  Ihien,  booti^  &eu 

34  Eaot  k  Soy,  214  Bemumdsey  mraei,  Skmekwark 

Inventors  and  Mannfhotnren. 
Biteot  velvet-napped,  emboaaedyOolonrBd  leather.  Em* 
bomed  by  Ifeaaia.  CuatomB  and  €k>.,  51  BanhUl  Bow, 
London. 

35  Aiuy,  WniSAMj  126 1)rmmond£^r$H,EmimSqMr$ 

Inventor. 
Pair  of  bellowa,  the  aidea  being  made  of  wood  inataad 
of  leather. 

36  Aludi,  Johm  Kigsbajcl^  37  Wardowr  Street,  Soho^ 

Mannucturer* 
HomoBopatldo  medicine  oaaea.    Tooth-powder  box,  to 
prevent  tlM  eaoape  of  the  powder. 


37   Mom^  AuooariTS,  16  Soutkwark  BHige  Soad-^ 
Inventor  and  Mano&otarer. 
Patent  waterproof  leather  portmantean,  out  and  made  in 
one  pieoe,  and  without  a  atitoh. 


38    Last,  Samuel,  256  Oxford  Street — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Registered  railway  portmanteau,    for  the  use  of  tra- 
vellers; divided  into  four  compartments. 


39  Everett  &  Co.,  51  Fetter  Lane — Manufacturers. 

Blacking.     Varnish  for  dress  boots.     Waterproof  var- 
nish for  boots,  harness,  &c. 


40  James,  J.,  102  Oxford  Street — ^Manufacturer. 

Registered  railway  trunk,  which  contains  a  collapsible 
hat  or  bonnet  case,  a  leather  pocket,  sliding  division,  and 
tray.     Patent  wardrobe  portfolio. 

41  Judge,  Charles,  6  Sion  Place,  East  Street,  Waltoorth 

— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Leather  buttons,  each  consisting  uf  one  piece  of  leather, 
for  boots,  shoes,  gaiters,  coats,  and  clothing  in  general. 


42  Woodman,  William,  13  Three  Colt  Court,  Worship  St., 

Fitisbury — Manufacturer. 
Leather  backgammon  table. 


43    Harrows,  G.,  38  Old  Bond  6"//w<— Manufacturer. 
Ladies'  improved  waterproof  travelling  chest. 


46       Mairen,  Charles,  North  Cottage,  Vicar's  HiU, 

J^tr  tKham — Inventor. 
Saddle  on  an  improved  principle  of  fixing  and  relieving 
the  flaps  and  pannel  by  hand.  It  is  convenient  for  travel- 
ling, or  for  shifting  after  a  heavy  saturation :  the  bearings 
are  free,  and  the  use  of  nails  has  been  avoided.  A 
favourite-seated  saddle  can  be  supplied  with  additional 
flaps  and  panel. 


620 


Class  16.— LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

Areas  0.  H.  L  J.  10  to  14. 


rUwTKD 


47  Read,  James  Bird,  Penri/n,  Cornwall — Manufacturer. 

A  shaved  hide,  for  making  best  bridle  reins;  tanned, 
not  curried. 

A  rough  tanned  cow-hide,  the  produce  of  Cornwall,  for 
making  Baddle-skirta  and  stirrup-leatherB. 

Specimen  to  show  the  quality  and  kind  of  leather  used 
in  Cornwall,  for  the  purpose  of  gearing  the  buckets  of 
pumping  engines  with  from  GO  to  9U-iuch  cylinders. 


48   Clark,  Cyrus  8c  James,  Street,  near  GUistonbury, 
Somersetshire — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Model  of  the  rural  factory,  a  portion  of  it  containing  a 
variety  of  shoes,  &c. 

Uni-rugs,  flower-stands,  muffs,  cuffs,  and  victorines, 
made  from  English  lamb-skin. 

Caps  made  from  British  slinks,  or  mort  lambs. 

Varieties  of  socks  for  shoes,  of  cork  and  g^tta  percha 
covered  with  lamb-skin. 

I>adies'  carriage  boot,  of  lamb-skin  inside  and  out. 

Gentlemen's  bro^ii  wool-lined  slip^jers.  Ladies'  slippers, 
of  lamb-skin  inside  and  out. 

Foot  muff,  with  hot-water  case  imder. 

Patent  elongating  gutta  percha  goloshes,  with  improve- 
ments; put  on  or  off  without  touching  with  the  hand; 
^  light,  elastic  and  firm. 

Registei-ed  shoes,  which  answer  the  purpose  of  boots, 
without  fastening;  elastic,  and  easy  in  walking. 

Sample  of  leather  gaiters,  and  housemaids'  and  men's 
gloves. 

Angola  goat-skin,  English  sheep  and  lamb-skin,  and 
slink  lamb  or  mort,  in  the  raw  state. 

Angola  hearth-rug,  dyed  in  one  piece  :  the  pattern 
containing  eight  colours  without  joining ;  exhibited  for 
the  ingenuity  of  the  i)atteni. 

Pure  white  Angola  hearth -rug. 

HciU'th-rug,  with  centre  pattern,  of  lamb -skin. 

Crimson  Angola  skin,  exliibited  for  its  size  and  depth  of 
colour.     Golden  crimson  stair  and  door-ioig.s. 

Orange  and  pink  Angola  carriage  rugs. 

Yellow,  blue,  green,  lavender,  fa^ii  and  brown  Angola 
toilet  i-ug. 

Crimson  sheep-skin,  exhibited  for  its  size,  and  deep 
colour. 

Brown  door,  gig,  and  carriage-rugs. 

Varieties  of  carriage  or  window-nigs,  wth  ornamented 
centre.     Bedn>om  niga.  of  vai'ious  {uitterns. 

Taimed  mop,  or  mop-head. 


49  Rood,  G.,  &  Co.,  lioltons-^Kux^uih,  near  Glastnnh*try, 
Somentet — Designers  and  Mtmufacturers. 

Hearth,  carnage,  and  toilet  rugs,  with  designs ;  manu- 
factured from  sheep-skin  and  Angola  goat. 

White,  crimson,  and  pink  Angola  rugs,  for  carnages, 
doors,  i-ecesses,  &c. 

White,  brown,  crimson,  green,  and  blue  sheep-nigs,  for 
the  same  purposes.     Carriage  foot-mutf. 

Sheep  and  Angola  goat-skins,  in  the  raw  state. 


50  Cooper,  Matthew,  25  Siritvjate,  York — Designer, 

Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 

Improved  side  saddle,  with  pilch  of  Berlin  wool  work 
(from  the  establishment  of  Mr.  Jancoweki,  York). 

Military  sarldle,  with  pilch  also  of  Berlin  wool  work. 

Improved  light  hunting  and  racing  saddle. 

Somerset  saddle,  with  8kii>t  similar  to  a  regular  hunting 
saddle. 

51  SouTHET,  GiX)RCK  William,  &Co.,  IC  Little  Queen  St., 

Lincoln  H  inn  Fichh — Mtmufiicturers. 

Seal -skins  and  hides  for  the  use  of  coachmakers,  har- 
ncHs-m:ikei*s,  and  accoutrement-makers. 

Calf-skins  for  the  use  of  accoutrement-makei*s  and 
lMH>t -makers. 

Hog-skins  and  hides  for  the  use  of  saddlers. 

Hi<les  for  straps  for  machinery  and  pipe^hose. 

Hipl)opotamu8  hides  for  the  use  of  mechanical  engi- 
neers. 


52    Maxwell  &  Co.,  161  Piccadilly — Muiufacturen. 

Glass  case,  containing  socket  spurs  (military  regulation 
and  others),  and  spring  spur-sockeiB,  with  specimflDt 
showing  their  sevenu  stages  of  manufacture. 


53    LUTWYCHE  &  Georce,  Skinner  Street,  SmwHUl — 

Manufacturers. 

Goat-skins,  manufactured  in  England,  for  the  use  of 
bookbinders,  shoemakers,  upholders,  coachmakers,  Ibc. 

English  sheep-skins. 


54        Marlow,  James,  M'ti/jKi//— Manufacturer. 

Steel  carriage  and  riding  bits ;  with  new  dengna  of  oraa- 
mental  character. 

Spenser's  patent  metallic  saddles. 

Harness,  with  registered  ornamental  moantings. 

Stair  balustrade  in  malleable  cast  iron,  posBeaaing 
the  strength  of  wrought  iron. 


55    Cox,  Samuel,  IVfi/sn//— Inventor  and  Manufiactnrer. 

Newly  invented  Albert  stimip  and  stirrup  leather,  and 
improved  draw -mouth  clipper-bit.  The  stirrup  ia  alwaya 
in  a  position  to  meet  the  foot,  and  can  be  put  on  or 
taken  off,  without  the  use  of  the  buckle. 

Registeretl  draw-mouth,  clipper-bit  which  may  be  need 
either  ^\'ith  or  without  curb.     Provisionally  registered. 


56  Baxton,  Edward,  Wnhdl — Inventor. 

Patent  enamelled  waterjtroof  horse  hamesa,  reqniiiag 
no  blacking. 

I^itent  Hackney  riding-bit,  with  moveable  month. 
Hackney  bridle,  round  head  and  reins. 

Hunting  breast-plate.  Hunting-bits,  mounted  with 
heads  and  reins. 

57  Hawkins,  Jons,  Stafford  Street,  Wuhatt — 

Manufacturer,  Inventor,  &c. 

Registered  carriage  and  hackney  bits,  upon  an  impit>ved 
princii>le. 

Registered  Chifuey  bit,  used  for  either  riding  or  driving, 
with  ••  d<mble  mouth." 

Steel  stirrup-irons  upon  an  improved  principle^  an<l 
ladies'  slip])ers. 

58  Brace,  Henry,  Wolsall — Manufacturer. 

Bits,  stiiTups,  and  spurs,  for  the  South  American 
markets. 


59  PiM,  James  E.,  3 fount  Mellick,  Queens  Connty,  Iretamd 

— Manufacturer. 
Snaffles.     Snake's-head  bit.    Plain  riding  bit.     Pelham 
stimip  irons. 

GO  Hudson,  Samuei>,  Dnbfin — Inventor,  Designer,  and 

Maimfacturer. 

A  side-saddle  with  projecting  "burrs'*  in  the  forepart 
of  the  tree,  to  prevent  the  saddle  from  shifting  to  the  near 
side  and  ^ling  the  horse,  or  slipping  for^*ard;  it  allova 
the  front  iKirt  of  the  saddle  to  be  an  inch  lower  than 
usual,  enabling  the  rider  to  sit  in  a  horizontal  poaition. 
The  safe,  flap,  and  skirt  are  all  in  one  piece,  and  covered 
with  hog-skin.  The  design  of  the  ornamental  work  on 
the  heiuis  aiul  safe — the  i-ose,  shamrock,  and  thistle.  The 
stirrup  is  a  recent  improvement  made  bv  the  exhibitor;  it 
o]>ens  with  a  spiing,  and  dLsengnges  the  rider  s  foot  in 
case  of  a  fall. 

Hunting  saddle  with  elastic  seat,  on  a  new  principle: 
invented  by  the  exhibitor.  The  webs  are  attached  to  a 
strong  arch  of  round  st(.*el  near  the  pommel,  and  so  con- 
structed as  to  lK>ai'  violent  usage  without  injurj',  giving 
additional  Kti*ength  to  the  tree;  the  action  of  the  sprinff 
is  not  more  than  one-eighth  of  an  inch,  which  is  found 
to  be  sufficient  to  produce  the  requisite  degree  of  daa- 
ticity. 

I'lain  hunting  saddle — exhibited  for  general  fitting. 

Light  fonn  saddle  with  steel -jilated  titv. 


Kisonm.] 


SKINS,  FUR,  AND  HAIR, 
Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


521 


61      Lkstxasi,  Wixxiam,  29  Dawsm  Street,  DMm — 

Manufacturer. 

Set  of  ftill-chaaed,  Bilver-mounted,  and  brass-mounted 
cairittM  haniaaB;  set  of  silyer-mounted  gig  or  cab  harness. 

QaUted  lady's  side-saddle,  with  fans  and  leaping-head. 

Full  shaft  to  gentlemen's  htmting  and  steeple-chase 
■addles. 

Doable  and  single  saddles  for  children. 


€2   Kass,  G.,  69  Dame  Street,  Dublin — ^BCanufacturer. 
Poitmanteaiis  and  camp  furniture. 


63 


k  Son,  Bermondaey  New  Road— 
Manu&cturera. 
Wellington  boot-fronts  and  half  boot-fronts;  gndnand 
««xad  can-skins ;  cordovan  hides  and  jockey  leg^. 


64 


>,  W.  &  G.,  Birmnufham,  and  Houndtditch, 
LmAm — ^Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

of  whip  manufacture  and  ornamental  mount- 


Specimens  of  registered  whip-sockets,  or  holders. 
Speeimsni  of  saddlery,  including  a  new  design  for  a 
lady  s  bridle  and  bit. 


65  BaowK,  T.,  &  Son,  7  Moat  Row,  Birmingham-^ 

Manufacturers. 
Spedmeoi  of  cut  back-head  saddle-tree,  with  whale- 
bone ^>rings,  galvanized  plates,  spring  bars,  and  copper 
rivets,  to  vrevMit  corroding;  and  various  kinds  pf  saddle- 
trees ueea  in  EIngland,  East  Indies,  &c.,  of  improved 
eoostruGtions.       

66  l^DBy  AbchujlLD  Reed,  151  Strand — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 

Improved  Cleveland  and  East  India  himting  saddles ; 
lady's  saddle,  with  extra  crutch. 

The  Victoria  bridle  and  stirrup. 

Set  of  brougham  harness,  with  improved  shaft  and 
trace  tuga, 

07  MlDDLZMORE,  WiLLIAM,  M  fiollo'raf/ Head,  Birmingham 
— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

SviA  of  j;ij»  hamend  of  new  designs. 

Nt^'  (latent  gentleinon'H  saddle,  with  elastic  seat. 

Kiuhri  t'ulered  IsuWn  naddle,  with  same  inii)rovemeut. 

K;4n(-v  Aa^ldleH  and  bridles. 

A  ntw  mouthing  rein  for  disciplining  the  mouths  of 
unbroken  horseij. 

.Shot  |>ouchos,  cigar  cases,  dram  bottles,  and  sandwich 

CatKjA. 

tid  COLXMAS,  THOMAii  Gex>RGE,   Lille>/  ILjo  Farm,  Offlcy, 
fuar  Jlitcfiin,  Herts — Inventor. 

Iziipnivt^l  patent  general  htting  middle,  expiuiding  with 
th*f  action  of  the  horse's  muscles,  intended  to  take  off 
deaul  preawure,  and  spread  the  weight. 

Improved  patent  self-acting  ela.stic  spring  roller,  for 
homeu 

Improved  patent  hameKs,  with  spring  trace  and  tug, 
back-band  and  crupjier.  The  si>ring  trace  as^L<<ts  the 
draught,  taking  off  dea^l-pre^.-iure  from  the  horses' 
ah^>uldeni. 

Improve*!  patent  safety  rein,  to  enable  the  driver  to 
haTe  Oi>mplete  control. 

Tlie  gvnend  htting  saddle  is  constructed  to  expand  witli 
the  action  <»f  the  muscles,  and  si>rea(.l  the  pi^ssure  or 
«-«:4rht  over  a  greater  surface;  also  to  pn>tect  the  withers 
fr^m  Ijeing  wrung — a  fault  fretjuently  occasione<l  by  the 
xime  "{  tl»e  common  s^iddle.  It  in  objected  to  the  common 
ftkdtii«  th.'it  in  the  event  of  a  horse  stumbling,  the  shoul- 
der* are  forc*r«l  up  into  the  gullet  of  the  pommel,  an<i  the 
MwiUe-trve  is  often  bntkcn;  but  even  when  this  is  not  the 
cb^.  the  onfinement  of  the  shoulders  invariably  prt^ vents 
thfir  free  action,  and  consoquently  the  horso  loses  all 
cLAaoe  of  recnvering  itself. 

The  spring  bar  is  intended  to  relievo  the  horse  of  much 
«-.;riat.  and  at  the  same  time  afford  ease  and  comfort  to 


the  rider,  as  well  as  protection  from  the  injuries  that  so 
often  happen  on  the  pommel  and  cantle  of  the  saddle  ; 
these,  in  the  new  invention,  being  soft  and  elastic.  The 
spring  bar  is  applicable  to  side  saddles. 

The  self-acting  elastic  roller  obviates  the  injury  result- 
ing from  the  use  of  the  present  tight  roller,  which,  nqt 
being  elastic,  when  buckled  round  a  yoimg  animal,  es- 
sentially retards  and  ii^ures  the  formation  of  the  chest, 
while  it  confines  and  weakens  the  action  of  the  lungs. 

69  Qabnett,  WnxiAM,  Tarporley,  Cheshire — Inventor 

and  Designer. 
A  saddle  without  seams,  that  is,  having  seat,  skirt,  and 
flap  in  one  piece.  Exhibited  for  lightness  and  cheapness. 
On  the  near  side  of  the  saddle  is  attached  a  patent  spring 
bar,  so  constructed  as  to  release  the  rider  if  thrown  from 
his  horse.  On  the  off-side  there  is  a  swing  bar,  intended 
as  an  improvement  upon  the  patent  spring  bar. 

70  ViCK,  Richard,  Gloucester — Inventor. 

Improved  registered  harness  hames — giving  ease  and 
£Bbcility  of  draught,  by  raising  or  lowering  the  shifting 
tugs  as  required. 

71  MusSELwaiTE,  Thomas,  Z>«?u<?* — Inventor. 

Patent  elastic  collar  for  horses,  formed  by  the  combi% 
nation  of  iron,  cork,  horse-hair,  &c. 

Improved  elastic  collar  for  horses,  to  work  without 
hames. 

72  Weir,  John,  Dmnfries — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
A  riding-saddle  with  elastic  seat,  the  buckskin  seat  and 

flap  covers  being  all  of  a  piece. 

Neck  collar,  designed  to  answer  the  double  use  of  a 
separate  collar  and  harness.  The  draught  being  fixed  in 
the  roll  at  tho  proper  part,  will  prevent  the  neck  of  the 
horse  being  injured  by  the  shifting  of  the  harness. 

Portmanteau  containing  hat-case,  drawers,  and  pockets 
for  papers,  letters,  &c.,  with  sejiarate  places  for  articles 
of  dress,  imibrella,  &c.,  all  under  one  lock  and  key. 

73  Mkllkr,  Christian  C,  15  liiUng  ILntsc  Lant', 

Liuuf/i'iin  J'l'icc — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
An  enamelled  leather   tnivelling-bag,   with   improved 
fittings  inside,  secret  spring  fjisteniugs,  and  metal  knobs  to 
bottom  to  pi-event  wear. 

74  Ramsey,  W.,  //»///— Inventor  and  Manufacturer, 
liegistered  elastic -seated  sa<ldle. 

75  Clark,  W.,  ^fill  Hill,  Leeds — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
A   quilted  summerset  saddle;  the  work  U|X)n  the  seat 
representing  St.   George  and  tho  dragon;  on  the  flaps, 
Britimnia,  surrounded  with  roses,  thistles,  and  shamrocks; 
on  the  skirts,  the  Prince  of  Wales*  feathers. 


7G  Thomas,  Charles,  .^trtii ford-on- Av<m — Mamufacturcr. 
Registered  flexible  saddle,  with  metil  cantle,  yielding 
to  very  slight  pressure.  It  is  so  constructed  as  to  i>ro- 
mote  the  circulation  of  air  between  the  seat  of  the  saddle 
and  the  horse's  biick,  contributing  to  tho  comfort  of  tho 
rider,  and  preventing  the  galling  of  tho  hoi-se. 

77  Caistor,  a.  B.,  7  Jl'ther  Street,  Port mf in  Sunarc — 

Designer  iind  Manufacturer. 
Hussar  saddle,  with  holsters  and  furniture. 
Hunting  smldle. 

78  Black WKXL,  S.  &  H.,  'J.'.V)  Or/.A/  Street— 

Inventors  and  M an u factum's. 

A  cab  or  phaeton  harne.-».>«,  with  gilt  nio\intings,  cliasod 
with  emblems  t>f  (Jreat  Britain  and  Irehunl  ;  tho  orna- 
ments on  saddle,  bridle,  ^:c.,  are  the  collar,  star,  and 
ba^lge  of  the  Order  of  the  GiU-ter.  The  whole  ni.i<lo  of 
black  patent  leather. 

Iinpr««ve<l  fetl<>ck  leg,  and  siM?edy  cut  boots,  to  prevent 


522 


Class  16.— LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

AuEAfi  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  TO  14. 


[UKirxD 


horses  being  lamed  by  cutting;  made  of  elastic  yiilcanized 
India-rubber  web  and  leather. 

Eye-blinds,  for  singeing,  bleeding,  &c. 

Patterns  of  improvements  in  saddlery. 


79  Passxore,  William,  27  LitUe  Windmill  Street, 

Golden  Sq. — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Single-horse  harness,  with  improved  hames  and  furni- 
ture.   

80  Atkinson  k  Eldrid,  185  Reijent  Street — 

Manufacturers  and  Proprietors. 

Hunting  whips,  of  various  patterns,  with  silver  mount- 
ings. Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  riding  whips,  with  gold 
and  silver  mountings. 

Gig,  four-horse,  and  tandem  driving  whips,  of  various 
kinds. 

Registered  ladies'  parasol  driN-ing  and  riding  whips. 

Walking  sticks. 

Gold  and  silver-moimted  walking  and  riding  canes. 

Drinking  bottles  and  flasks. 

Hunting  and  tandem  horns,  dog  whistles,  and  other 
sporting  articles. 

81  Martin,  W.  H.,  64  BtwUnfjton  Arcade — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Parasol  riding  and  driving  whips. 

Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  driving,  riding,  and  himting- 
whips. 

Riding-cane,  dress  cane,  and  walking-stick,  made  from 
the  rhinoceros  horn. 

Specimen  of  the  Wanghec  cane. 

New  combination — a  walking-stick,  whip-stick,  or  um- 
brella-stick, containing  long  cylindrical  bottle  and  wine- 
glass, and  receptacle  for  biscuits  or  compressed  meat, 
intended  for  railway  travellers  and  others.  Invented  by 
Francis  Whishaw,  Esq. 

82  Shipley,  J.  Q.,181  Hegent  Street — Inventor. 

I^i*ge  full  quilted  saddle  with  improved  stirrup  leather. 
Provisionally  registered. 

83  Skinner,  Ambrose,  Camher%ccll  Green — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Air-filled  horse  collar,  intended  to  prevent  wrung  or 
galled  shoulders,  and  jibbing. 


84  Hicks,  Henry,  52  Davies  Street,  Berkeley  Squa 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Lady's  saddle,  exhibiting  the  application  of  an  elastic 
support  for  the  left  leg  of  tibe  rider.  ProWsionally  regis- 
tered. 


S5  Green,  Robert,  8  Edicard's  Street,  Portnian  Squat 

Manufacturer. 

Ladies'  saddle,  constructed  on  an  horizontal  tree,  on  an 
improved  principle.     Bridles. 

Somerset  and  hog-skin  himting  saddles. 

Set  of  single  horse  harness,  and  horse  clothing. 


8G  White,  J.C,  29 Lirerj)ool  St,,  C it ;f,  nmllS^Fei/entSt. 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Set  of  pair-horse  carriage  silver-mounted  harness,  with 
improved  registereti  tugs.  These  tugs  are  intended  to 
supersede  the  use  of  the  largo  tug  buckles,  and  are 
lighter  in  appearance.  The  improvement  consists  in  their 
being  Rtraight  tubes,  into  which  the  ti'aco  passes,  and  is 
secured  by  a  bolt  passing  through,  which  can  be  taken  up 
and  dovra.  and  the  trace  easily  adjusted;  the  trace  having 
a  straight  pull  from  the  bolt,  is  not  liable  to  meet  with 
the  unsightly  curve  or  bend  which  causes  it  to  crack  and 
l>reak. 

Set  of  smgle,  or  brougham  harness,  silver  mounted, 
witli  improved  registered  tugs.  The  improvement  in  the 
single  hiirnefls  is  the  shaft  tugs,  which  sectire  the  shafts 
and  prevent  the  shaking  or  jolting  of  the  vehicle,  without 
the  necessity  of  wrapping  the  belly-band  round  the  shafts. 


Set  of  light  pony  hamen,  ailver  momiied,  with  im- 
provements. 

Pftrt  of  a  set  of  tandem  hamen,  with  improred  hm^ 
silver  mounted,  with  the  registered  paiii  attadied. 


87 


BowxAB,  C.  B.,  Le%ce$ter — ^Xnyentor  and 
Manu^Etcturer. 

Ladiei^  and  children's  victorines,  riding  boas,  and 
mantilla  polkas,  made  of  lambslun  cuiedy  with  wool 
attached.  Jenny  Lind's  mantilla  and  muff  attaehod, 
imitation  of  squirrel.  Ladies'  and  duldren's  cuiEk 
Brighton  round  4uid  curly  boa.  Boond  mff;  <diildren*s 
ruff.    Muff. 

Ladies'  and  men's  fleecy  patent  leather  8o<^ 

Lapland  wool  rugs,  coloured  and  white. 

Children's  frame-worked  coats,  edged  with  wool. 


88  TiBDALE,  Edxund,  34  Broad  Street,  Oddm 

Manufacturer. 

Somerset  hunting  saddle-tree,  in  the  first  atwe  of 
manufacture ;  the  same,  with  a  set  back-head,  in  a  Unifh^^j 
state,  adapted  for  high-withered  horses,  Ac. 

Side  saddle-tree,  with  a  lei^ing  head,  for  safe^  to  the 
rider.  

89  Langdon,  WnxiAM,  jun.,  9  Buie  St,,  Mandketter  Sq 

— ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Light  phaeton  harness,  bearing  the  coronet  and  initial 
of  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert,  made  throu^^out  of 
leather,  and  stitched  with  white  silk;  with 
buckles,  Sec, 

90  Bltthe,  Robert,  4  Park  Lane — Manu&otozvr. 

Lady's  saddle,  with  horizontal  and  elastic  wmt,  new  in 
style  and  design. 
Himting  or  park  saddle,  with  improved  elastic  seat. 
Harness  j>ad,  with  end  screws  removed. 


91      Penny,  J.,  37  Union  Street,  MidiUeeex  Ho^pUat-^ 

Manufacturer. 

Improved  design  for  harness  mounting. 

State  pony  bridle  for  H.R.H.  Albert  Edward,  Prince 
of  Wales,  designed  by  W.  H.  Rogers;  the  leather-woric  bj 
W.  Langdon,  9  Duke  Street,  Manchester-square. 

Specimens  of  harness  mountings. 

Cabinet  drawer  handles,  metal  gilt. 

Portrait  of  H.R.H.  Prince  All^rt,  embossed  bj  hand 
from  sheet  silver. 

Heraldic  and  ornamental  skewers. 

Proof  from  a  new  style  of  gutta  percha  mould.  Land* 
seer's  favourites.  **  Tam  O'Shanter,"  "  The  Wolf  and  the 
Lamb"  (Mulready),  and  ''The  Blind  Fiddler," emboosed 
by  hand,  from  sheet  copper. 

Similar  pictures  in  metal  chasing. 


92    SwAiNE  &  Adenet,  185  Piccadilly — Manufiictarers. 


Racing  whip,  mounted  in  silver  gilt.     This  whip  is 
presented  in  the  annexed  cut.    The  design  is  em^blematac 
of  the  Exhibition,  and  representative  of  the  four  quartan 
of  the  globe. 

Riling  whip,  mounted  with  gold,  set  with  brilUanta  and 
rubies. 

Ivies'  riding  whips,  ^-ith  fan  or  sun-shade  attachedy 
of  new  construction;  also  with  parasols. 

Chowrie  riding  whips,  with  horse-hair  plumes,  espedall  j 
adapted  for  India  or  other  parts  where  insects  troublo 
horse  and  rider. 

Riding  whips  of  various  patterns  and  devices. 

Driving  whips.  Canes  of  various  kinds. 

Registered  universal  whip  socket. 

Hancock's  patent  flexible-back  horse  and  other  brushes. 

Improved  horse-cloth,  allowing  a  free  escape  of  tiie 
moist  heat  of  the  body,  which  is  retained  by  a  woollen 
blanket ;  and  also  preventing  the  breaking  out  int<»  a 
cold  sweat,  common  to  horses  after  being  ridden  or  driven 
hard. 


fiKINS,  FUR,  AND  HAtB. 
Areas  O.U.  I.J.  10  to  14. 


93      BUl,  Cbaum,  34  Wigmort  Street— 1Saii\i!!iiiA<inr. 

Imprond  IhIj'i  Mddle.  A  ladj's  saddle,  with  new 
(icatglD*.  on  an  improved  principlo.  A  drees  single  liiir- 
EK9W,  H-.Ui  doigiiK  for  liamcu  rumiturv. 


in  BUTATEl,  WlTHAM  M.,  09  Plccadiibj^ 

DivigD^r  and  Maaufikcturer. 

Sinele  hone  brvughuu  haraena,  witli  patent  silvered 
gLiKj  frv-nt,  uid  ruaettea. 

liupnivcd  KuMiau  csviJrj  uid  other  liridleg. 


'.•7      Coi.tl»iVE,  F.  E.,  l:.,«nd  Hill  Ih'i'r,  llri,jl.l:n. 

A  Mddlc.  nudd  l.j  Bmley,  <.f  Old  Quebec  Streut. 
ii  tittnl  •ntb  k  pAtent  wddle-girtk  ipriug. 


Vtuov,  T.,  *So!i,  l«itl9  VtrcSI.,  Orf',rJSlnH— 
Mauufndiiren. 
,-r«  «^c<T  oid^-Rvl'llv,   b;  whicti  a  release  from  the 
lU  >■  ra^'uivl  in  owe  of  a  rail. 


Muiufwtiirer. 
<rf  new  rlri.ipi,  with  UKivoaHu  l>»iiiiig 
callt-d  thini  cnitch. 
Inpcirved  gnntlimuii'i  ipring-Mddle. 


00     Peahl,  JAins,  OW  Kent  «oarf— Manufacturer. 
HomeBs,  with  bridle -fronts,  and  rosettea  of  satin  tud 
painted  ribbon,  whalebone,  patent  leather,  and  ralvM. 
Painted  canvoa  and  patent  leather  for  hamesa  IWinta. 
Riding-bridle  and  hamesa  bridle-fVonta. 

101  Casatah.Atmo.vd,  7  W!/nd>iainSt.,Bryan3toittSq. — 

Proprietor. 

Two  saddle*,  made  by  Bobert  Gibson  &  Co.,  Coventry 
Street,  one  with  the  exhibitor's  registered  safety  panel ; 
the  oUier  witli  Reed's  patent  girth  regulator. 

Five  hnuhee  for  clatuung  all  kinds  of  metals,  made  of 
elastic  buff  leather,  manufactured  by  Mr.  Kent,  brush  mA- 
nofacturer,  Marlborough  Street. 

102  Ci.AmKSON,  I.  C— Manufacturer. 
Harness  straps,  Ike,  manufactured  by  maahinery. 

03      SlOKEB,  JosEPn,  49  Old  Street,  St.  Lak^t— 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Lady's  saddle,  with  revolving  heads  for  riding  on  either 

side,  with  increased  facility  fur  dismounting,  so  as  to 

prevent  the  drees  becoming  entangled  in  the  heads;  also 

adapted  to  horaea  of  different  sizes. 

Improved  pack-aaddle  for  overland  oonveyance  of  lug- 
gage by  horaee  or  mules. 

104  MaCKibS;  SoM,  ifcitdenAiMif,  flerjb,and^iviet™)feW, 
B<tcks — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Hoise  collar,  for  hesvy  dratight,  especially  up  hills  with 
bad  roads;  applicable  for  artillery. 

Set  of  improved  pony  harness. 

06     HnoHES,  BODT.,  52  Clifton  Street,  FinAary  Square— 

Uanuiacturer. 
Heraldic  mountings  for  harness  in  biass,  plat«,  and 
solid  brass  gilt. 

107  Earxbhaw,  Hfnri,  91  irijn;w/c  .9f.— Manufacturer. 


jocbu}'.  on  un  improved  pi 


?;,       MaaiAan,  DAsrn..  3+  Berwick  Street,  Oiford 
Strrft  — Manufacturer. 

nuetoD  hameiw,  eilver  niountings. 

^iDzle-b'ir>«  harnBHJi,  lined  throughout,  silver  plutod 
r-B  <n-riitan  ailver.  A  ningla-hor^e  hameiw,  lined  through - 
LUt.  wall  bnat-miiuntings,  bitj<,  and  breeching,  conipleto. 


Booth,  Joiis  PirrEB,  ■■ 


■Ih  <3.m.v,  w  r„u,H  Qaa'j, 
r  and  MtuiufiK-turer. 
de  of  the  Irish  turkey 


114      Hook,  J.,  <!■)  .W" /(-«(/-?fiw(— Mttniif;icturor. 
Lmlies'  riding  l-uot*.     'file  Wellington,  with  r^nd  fore- 

Enrt  and  turnover  live],  and  iliiuied  apurs  of  new  ilefign. 
(iteiit  elastic  boiitrt,  witli  »\nm  mid  Lux. 
Monwcn  boots,  with  high  irtitclii-d  heels. 
\}TVBi  IjiH.tH  and  ch'K-ii,  in  lace,  silk  stocking,  and  pliiin 
aatiri,  bhick  and  white,  cruimHl  with  ribbon. 

HungiirLm   \ionU,   nith 


I'etri  <md  t 


White  and 


II  and 


_.. ,  high  hcelit. 

Walking  iKnits  and  shnea.  wulerproof,  with  inside  nnj 

mlside  vluiiiin.'d,  and  cork  w>lp". 

C™tnnie  -h.««,  the.-ld  Kii-li-h.  Swiss,  firoek.  Turkish, 
and  Itnlinn,  with  h«l-.  k'.dd  w.d  silver  triiiiuuuK-. 

Divs-ing   slipiK-r,   plain    .wl    embmiden.l,    «ith    and 

■  itlKint  hi-cls,  welled  and  tuni.ivers. 
Dn-'-s  golWies.  l.liiek  mid  ln-...i?j!.l.  silvere-l  and  Kilt- 
Walking  elugs  iu  le:ither  and  IndiiuirubWr,  with  itu- 


iBJOtS, 


•r.I.wh.'. 


524 


CLA88  16.— LEATHEK,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


[Unitid 


115  Beriull,  W.,  &  Son,  60  and  61  Marylcbone  Law — 

Manufacturers. 

Top  boots  for  racing.  Wellington  boots.  Ladies'  boots. 
Children's  boots  for  weak  ankles. 

Boot  fronts  from  skins  imported  in  a  rough  state. 

Samples  of  bark  tanned  soles  from  Englisn  and  foreign 
hides. 


116  Parker,  W.,  &  Sons,  Wood  Street,  Northampton — 

Manufacturers. 
Boots  and  shoes. 


117     Lloyd,  J.  P.,  Northampton — Manufacturer. 
'  Boots  and  shoes. 


118  Bearn  &  Jeffs,  Parade,  Northampton — 

Manufacturers. 
Boots  and  shoes. 

[The  boot  and  shoe  trade  of  the  coimty  of  Northampton 
employs  not  fewer  than  30,000  persons.  The  raw  mate- 
rial, after  passing  through  several  pi-ocossca,  ia  received 
by  the  boot  and  shoe  manufacturers.  The  leather  is 
then  cut  up  into  proper  sizes,  is  given  out  to  the  work- 
people to  be  blocked  at  their  homes.  After  this  is  done 
the  work  is  then  closed,  and  afberwards  made  up.  These 
operations  are  carried  on  principally  at  the  homes  of  the 
workpeople.  A  very  large  number  of  children  are  em- 
ployed in  this  department  of  trade.] 

119  Moore,  G.,  Northampton — Manufacturer. 
Boots  and  shoes. 


120  Line;,  Wm.  &  John,  Duvenin/,  Northamptonshire — 

Manufacturers  and  Proprietors. 
Wellington,  Clarence,  cloth,  leather  leg,  button,  buck- 
skin, dress,  best  stout  calf,  and  other  boots  of  different 
qualities.     Calf  walking,  tie,  and  other  shoes. 

121  Groom,  J.  &  R.,  Northampton — Manufacturers. 

Policemen's  boots  and  shoes.     Long  and  short  water- 
proof boots;  regulation  army  Blucher  boots. 


1^22  Graham,  J.,  100  Nay  lor  St.,  Oidham  Road,  Manchester, 
Pair  of  clogs. 

124     Hotchinos,  John,  20  Green  Street,  Bath,  Sotnersct 
— ^Inventor  &  ManufEu;turer. 

Jjadies'  kid-leather  double  sole  boot,  with  noiseless 
rotary  heel,  and  fastened  with  elastic  shank  buttons. 

Ladies'  elastic  double  sole  boot,  ^dth  noiseless  military 
heel ;  ladies'  single  sole  boot,  and  elastic  half -dress  shoe. 

Gentlemen's  dress  boot,  and  elastic  half-<lress  ankle 
boot,  with  noiseless  military  heel.  Elastic  walking  boot, 
suitable  for  feet  troubled  with  corns  and  bunions;  and 
boot  with  noiseless  rotary  heel. 

127  Ramsbottom,  E.,  Merton,  Swrey — Inventor. 

*  Improved  clog.     The  sole  does  not  bend,  but  the  inside 
of  the  clog  is  moulded  to  the  shape  of  the  foot. 

128  RoBARTS,  G.,  Tavistock,  Detun — Inventor. 

Patent  clog,  having  a  fixed  instep  strap,  and  so  con- 
structed that,  by  means  of  a  drop  connected  with  a 
le\'er  and  spring,  it  can  be  put  on  and  ofif  without  stooping 
or  touching  it  with  the  hands. 

130  Thompson,  S.,  Blackburn — Manufacturer. 

Clogs,  as  worn  by  the  operatives  of  Lancashire  and 
YorkHhire;  the  same  improved  by  the  introduction  of 
steel -springs  into  the  soles,  so  as  to  give  elasticity  to  the 
tread. 

131  Atloff,  Jean  George,  69  New  Bond  Street— 

Inventor. 
Boots,  shoes,  and  clogs,  \^ith  side  spring. 
Dr^ss  boots,  with  stool  spring  waL^t. 
Military  boots,  &c. 


132  Wallace,  T.,  Brandling  Place,  Neweastle^upon-TyHe 

— Inventor. 
Improved  boots  for  children  having  weak  ankles  and 
legs. 

133  Henson,  W.  G.,  Kettering,  NorthampUmthire. 
Morocco  boot,  designed  without  blocking, 

134  Pettitt,  G.,  &  Son,  Birmingham — ^Dengnen  and 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  waterproof  goloshes,  compounded  of  caoat- 
chouc,  leather,  and  gutta  percha. 


135       Sautudkhs,  C,  Beading — BfanufActnrer. 

Red  morocco  leg  patent  goloshed  vandyked  button  boot^ 
with  40  stitches  to  the  inch,  beaded  top,  button  holes^ 
shell  heel,  2^  inches  high,  on  12  pillars,  silk  lined,  with 
satin  top-piece  stitched. 

137    ATHENfUM  Boot  &  Shoe  Warehouse^  Korwick 

— Producer. 
Boots  and  shoes. 


139      Mather,  J.,  Bochdtle,  Lancashire — ^Maker. 

Wellington  boots,  with  steel-spring  shanks,  which  im- 
prove the  form,  and  retain  the  shape. 

141  Creak,  James,  Church  Terrac^f,  Wisbech — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Improved  waterproof  button,    buckle,   and    Blucher 
boots.     Pro^isionaily  registered. 

142  Cowling,  John,  Richmond,  Yorkshire — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Gentlemen's  shooting  boots,  on  a  new  principle:   by 
the  fastening  at  the  side,  the  boots  can  bie  made  tight 
or  easy  at  any  moment.      Waterproof  to  the  top,  and 
without  gussets. 

145  Doe,  Willlam,  Colchester — Manufacturer. 
Improved  strong  high  shoes. 

146  Newman,  George,  101  Gloster  Lane,  Brightwi — 

Manufacturer. 
Wellington  boot,  exhibited  for  oonstmetiott  and  work- 
mamship. 

147  McGiBOON,  John,  30  North  John  Street,  Lieerpooi — 

Manufacturer. 
Dress  military  boots,  gold  lace  tongs  and  welts,  with 
revolving  heel. 

148  Barraclough,  Sakuel,  Tanueorth — ^Inyentor 

and  Manufincturer. 
Two  pairs  of  drees  boots,  manufactured  of  maierials 
to  render  them  impervious  to  water. 

149  Allen,  Charles,  &  Son,  Treffgame  Rocki, 

Pembroke,  Wales — Manufacturers. 
Gentleman's  shooting  boot,  on  an  improved  plan,  wv» 
ranted  waterproof. 

150  Hefford,  John  N.,  Derby — Proprietor. 
Facer,  F.  &  W.,  Northainpton — ^Manufibcturen. 

Dress  Wellington  boots,  with  emblems  inserted  on 
crown  and  cushion.  Rose,  Shamrock,  and  Hustle,  ftD.p 
and  omamentally-finiBhed  top,  53  stitdies  in  the  indi. 

Patent-leather  top  boots,  with  emblem  worked  in  tlie 
tongue;  crown,  and  cushion. 

Black  satin  dress  Wellington  boots,  with  patent-leather 
toe,  cap,  and  back-strap. 

Satin  dress  boots,  with  elastic  side  springs. 

Dress  patent-leather  pumps. 

Dress  shoes,  without  seam  or  stitch  in  eithor  tops  or 
bottoms.  

151  Hudson,  A.,  Cranhrook — ^ManuDEU^urer. 
Pair  of  top-boots,,  m'ith  seamless  l«gi  and  topi. 


Kingdom.] 


SKINS,  FUR,  AND  HAIR. 
Areas  O.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


525 


152         Weight,  Richard,  Richmond,  Yorkshire — 

ManufSacturer. 
P.&tent  boots  snd  shoes,  free  from  seam  or  roughness 
under  the  sole  of  the  foot.    The  sole  is  not  dependent  on 
■i  welt,  or  narrow  slip  of  leather,  but  is  attached  to  the 
upper-leather. 

15.*^      Vincent,  R.,  Glastonbury — ^Manufacturer. 
Suit  of  leather  clothes,  to  imitate  superfine  black  cloth. 


154  Clark,  Benjaxin,  57  Lo^nther  Street,  Whitehaven — 
Improver  and  Manufacturer. 
Ladies'  Cumberland  boot  clogs. 


ISoBcBGEn^  Qbo.,  So*dh  BHdfje,  Edinburgh — Designer 

and  BCanulacturer. 

Improved  Balmoral  shooting  boots,  impervious  to  water. 

Highland  brogues.     Specimens  of  the  shoes  worn  witli 
the  foil  Highland  costume  in  ball  or  drawing  room. 


l.>6  Baxteb,  Richard,  Thir$k,  Yorkshire — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Pair  of  walking  boots,  with  clogs  and  springs  attached, 
for  ewe  in  walking. 

Pair  of  skating  boots,  with  spring  attached  to  the  wrist 
of  the  foot,  and  the  skate-iron  working  with  a  pivot  at 
the  heel.  

1 57     Prflow,  William,  Bro>minj  Street,  Stafford — 

Manufacturer. 

Ladies'  white  satin,  ottoman  silk,  green  shot,  goloshed, 
elastic  button  gaiter  <new  design).  Elastic  gusset,  having 
no  front  aeam.  Fawn-coloured  lasting  side  lace  and  cash- 
boota,  &c. 

Goloshed  boots;  in  a  new  style. 

Velvet  carriage  tie  boots. 

Satin,  kid,  velvet,  and  morocco  morning  slippers. 

Silk  elastic  cloth  and  button  shoes;  of  new  design. 


l»^i«»     noix;E,  W..  .*^/«/v-V/?/r/j/',  D'}rsct — Manufuctiuxjr. 
A  i-nir  of  hunting  V»oot«<. 

\iiV2     Medwix  &  Co.,  8fj  lietjmt  Stnd — Maniifivctiircr. 

Ivet;:l*t**rc»l  elastic  lx>ots.  Klafltie  ai<le,  dross,  and  other 
U  -jti*.  To}>-l>.x)tfl  for  racinp,  weight  of  each  boot  L'J 
■  ■  iijoe*,  or  under  .') jounces  the  pair. 


!♦;:'►         Hall,  J.  Sfarkk-s,  30S  nr.jcnt  Strcd— 

Manufacturer. 
Ancient.  Briti.-jh,  and  Koniau  shoe.n  and  sandals.  Anglo- 
Kax»d  *h*n-*  and  )j<K>t8  of  the  7th  century.  Norman  half 
y.,.,..f.  i.f  RoWrt  (the  Con^uerorH  el<le.st  son).  Decorated 
*h»"«  '-f  the  11th  century.  Kicliard  Cccur  de  Lion's 
h  -'t:«.  Norman  Hhoc.-*,  with  loni:  pointed  toes  and  cliains. 
L-nj  jKiintcl  j*h«HM,  worn  by  Kichard,  constable  of 
i  hi-t*  r.  in  the  rei;^  of  Stephen.  King  John's  Loot.i, 
r.*?hly  d«?o»rated  with  circles.  Henry  the  Third's  boots. 
r''r.i»-il  frr.m  hi.-?  tomb  in  Westminster  Abbey.  St. 
S*;thiu'»»  i»h«»e»«.  rii^hts  and  lefts.  Elegimt  shoes  of  tho 
t.iuf  of  PVlward  I.  Shoe*  with  blue,  red,  and  white 
#t'«*.kin?H.  Sh«M»  of  the  time  of  Richard  II.  Ik)ot  of  the 
t T^e  of  E«lw:ird  III.  Shoes  of  Henry  VIII.  and  tlie 
lUrl  of  Surrey,  with  wide  toes.  I5oots  of  the  time  of 
^'harltw  I.  and  II.  Roots  and  high -quartered  nhoes, 
Willum  arid  M.u'V.  Sh^nrs  during  the  reigns  of  (Jeorge 
I..    II..  Aiid  III.     Tlie  Duchess  of  York's  shoe,   y^  inches 

Klstfitic  »hoe  r'ole*.  cut  by  machinerj*. 

KU-ti?  tfajter*.  &c. 

Vulcanixefl  India  nibWr  goloshes. 


ir,4  Hall  *  Co..    W.l'iwjt-n,  Sirr.t,  Str.in^I- 

l*ut4*ntet's  an<l  Manuf;u.t\irer-4. 
I-  -.*#  and    shoc4   mode  of  leather-cl«»th,    or  pjiunus- 
c  -r.  .:u.     Tlicy  are  cleane<l  with  ordinary  blacking. 


165  Lbwen,  Richard  George,  22  Portman  Place, 
Edgware  Poad — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Mechfuiical  lasts,  made  from  models  taken  from  nature, 
A  cast  of  the  foot  is  taken  in  plaster,  and  from  this  the 
shape  is  reproduced  in  wood,  by  machinery. 

166  Hartley,  Joshua,  11  King  Street,  St.  James* s  Square 

— Manufacturer. 
Top-boots,  of  English  leather;  boot  polish. 

168  Godfrey  &  Hancock,  3  Conduit  Street,  Regent  St, — 

Inventors  imd  Manufacturers. 
New  ladies'  house  and  walking  boot. 
Satin,  kid,  and  primella  shoes. 
Waterproof  over-shoes  and  extensible  goloshes,  &c. 

169  Cant,  G.  W.,  69  High  .»(>/5om— Manufacturer. 
Patent  boot-tree  for  bootmakers'  use. 


170  J£'Dowall,  W.,  1 1  Mills  Jhiitdings,  Knpjhtsbridge. 
Ankle -supporting  boots  for  ladies  and  children  with 

weak  ankles,  and  is  also  applicable  to  gentlemen's  boots. 
Provisionally  registered. 

171  Desmond,  Michael — Manufacturer. 

Pair  of  dress  patent-leather  gentleman's  boots;  square 
edge ;  forepart,  40  stitches  to  the  inch ;  sole  and  welt 
thickness  of  a  sixpence  ;  channel  waist ;  and  inch  and  a 
half  heel. 


173   Gcjndry,  William,  1  Soho  Stjuare — Manufacturer. 

Ladies'  and  children's  boots  and  shoes,  including  speci- 
mens in  different  colours,  and  shapes  of  the  **  soccopedes 
elasticus." 

Boots  made  of  clastic  silk,  but  without  the  side 
gus.9ets.  Cork  soled  boots,  made  with  Bowie's  patent 
elastic  waistpieces. 


174    Marsh,  F.,  148  Oxford  ;?/re<7f— Manufacturer. 
Assortment  of  ladies*  and  children's  boots  and  shoes. 


17<>    GOODEVE,  GfX)RGE,   HiJo/m  Shrrt,   Cn'tchcd  Fi'i'trS — 

Designer  and  Inventor. 
A  i)air  of  top  boots,  for  horse  i*acing;  weight,  3  ounces; 
miule  in  four  hours. 


177  Guppv,  John  William,  2  I'rinccs  C<»trt,  J)or^ct 

I'ltirr,  I'd/ 1  Mall  East — Manufacturer. 
Ljwlies'  cloth  button  boots,  stitched  welts  .ind  patent 
leather,  goloshed. 

178  Winter,  C,  Xoncu.'h — Manufacturer. 
Ladies'  boots  and  shoes,  with  embellished  soles. 

170     Gilbert  cS:  Co.,  old  lU-nd  .s7/rt7— Manufacturer. 

Jockey,  hunting,  HoMerness.  shooting,  and  dress  boots. 
Lady's  riding  b(»uts.  Eljwtic  himting  boots,  with  ehwtic 
gores  at  the  bend  of  the  knee,  fitting  without  wrinkles 
in  any  |M»sition  of  the  leg,  ande<iually  swlapted  for  walking 
or  riding.     Registered. 


180  DowiE,  Jamkh,  4:»:)>7r.'«'f— Inventor, 

Patentee,  and  Manufjicturcr. 

Boots  and  shot's,  in  adult  and  smuUer  sizes.  Military 
boots. 

Model  of  a  mnchine  to  reli«;ve  tho  boot  and  shoemaker 
from  the  usual  constrained  posture. 

181  Tayix)R  &  Howlev,  :).■{  a,>iriu-f  r/r;5s  and  25 

Sfiri.!  I  li  ir,ln,< — Manufacturers. 
Bo(tts  and  shoes,  made  with  the  patent  ela>«lic  waists, 
formed  of  India  rubber  and  prepared  leather,  admitting 
of  the  natural  action  of  tlie  feet,  and  giving  o;isc  to  tho 
wearer.  Exhibited  for  diirability  and  economy.  Tho 
application  of  this  principle  L?  reprei»cntf<l  in  the  cut  ou 
the  next  l»iige. 


626 


Class  IC— LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES,   " 

Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


[UXTTBD 


By  this  plan  thick  soles  are  freed  from  rigidity;  and 
persons  accustomed  to  wear  thin  soled  shoes,  may  use  with 
advantage  the  stouter  kinds  made  on  this  principle.  The 
soles  are  made  with  guttapercha,  cork,  or  leather.  Having 
layers  of  felted  hair  worked  between  the  soles,  unpleasant 
creaking  is  avoided,  and  elasticity  and  warmth  imparted. 


Me«n.  Taylor  and  Bowley'a  Patent  ElaUic  Waist  BooU. 
(179,  180,  181,  ifi"ft  Avenue,  West). 

182  Hall,  R.,  97a  Quadrant,  Regent  Street — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Boots  and  shoes  of  elastic  enamelled  cloth,  for  tender 
feet. 
India-rubber  goloshes  and  fishing-boots. 

182a    Dodson,  J.,  79  Chis>rell  Street — Manufacturer. 
Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  boots,  shoes,  and  slippers. 

183  Gates,  Thomas  Frederick,  5  Upper  Eaton  Street, 

PinUico — ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Wigs,  showing  a  transparent  parting,  free  from  ''roots" 
or  short  hair,  and  other  improvements. 

184  Hodges,  T.,  316  Oxford  Street — Manufacturer. 
Self-adjusting  shoe,  in  ordinaiy  leather  enamel,  and 

in  buckskin,  showing  the  effect  of  a  composition  for  fill- 
ing up  and  waterproofing  the  surface,  and  its  suscepti- 
bility of  receiving  a  polish. 

Plan  for  removing  the  appearance  of  bunions. 

Boots  in  illustration  of  the  self-adjusting  principle. 


186        Pattison,  Edward,  74  Oxford  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Ladies*  boots  and  shoes. 


188  Barker,  Wm.  George,  18  Old  Cavendish  Street— 

Inventor  and  Blanufacturer. 
Pair  of  gentleman's  Oxonian  shoes,  closed  by  an  invi- 
sible elastic  fastening.     Registered  pair  for  a  lady. 

189  Bird,  Wiluam,  86  Oxford  Street — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Ladies*  elastic  boots,  Tinthout  any  gusset  at  the  sides, 
liegistered  boots  without  any  seam  up  the  front. 

190  WiLDSMiTH,  Matthew,  1  Sherrard  Street,  Golden  Sq, 

— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Flexible  Wellington  boots,  with  springs  at  the  sides. 

191  Clarke,  Edward  Wm.,  12  Southampton  Rote, 

Bloomsbunj — Manufacturer  and  Inventor. 
Boots  and  shoes  of  various  kinds  and  styles.     Casts  and 
lasts  for  deformed  feet,  &c. 


192        HiCKBON  &  Sons,  20  West  SnMfield— 
Manufacturers  or  Designers. 

Boots  and  shoes,  of  various  qualities  and  forms,  includ- 
ing specimens  with  elastic  fronts  and  sides,  gutta  i)ercha 
and  cork  soles. 

Specimens  of  the  various  kinds  of  boots  and  shoes,  sup- 
plied for  the  use  of  the  British  army  and  na\'y,  the  police, 
and  the  public  institutions. 

Si>cciineus  of  winter  boots  and  shoos,  made  of  patent 
machine- felt. 

SiUiiples  of  the  material  employed  in  the  manufacture. 


194  Hubert,  Charles,  292  Regent  St. — Manufacturer. 

Wellington,  top,  elastic,  registered,  and  other  booti 
and  shoes. 

A  boot  and  shoe  made  from  a  single  piece  of  leather. 


195  Heath,  Stephen  H.,  38  Poultry,  and  175*.  Martt^r- 

le-Grand — Designer. 

Boots  and  shoes  of  soft  leather. 

Patent  waterproof  and  other  leather  boots  and  shoes, 
for  dress  or  walking. 

Boots  and  shoes  of  ordinary  calf -skin. 


196  Crow,  Thomas,  3  Maidenhead  Court,  Cripplegate — 
Designer,  Manufacturer,  and  Proprietor. 

A  patent  leather  boot,  'with  shell  heel,  satin  waist,  and 
square  edge;  the  heel,  two  inches  high,  is  composed  of 
fifty  lifts,  worked  in  the  style  of  a  shell,  the  substance  of 
each  being  one-eighth  of  an  inch. 

Pair  of  full-dress  boots. 


197  Peal,  Nathantel,  11  Duke  Street,  Groscenor  Square 

— Manufacturer. 
Half-leg  hunting  boots,  and  whole-leg  hunting  or  fish- 
ing boots,  of  waterproof  leather. 


198    Cremer,  George,  &;  Co.,  Old  ICeni  Road — 
Manufacturers  and  Inventors. 
Registered  Wellington  boots,  made  on  a  new  principle; 
one  exhibited  in  a  complete  state,  and  the  other  in  the 
course  of  manufacture. 


199  Roootham,  Samuel,  28  Netctf/n  Street,  Birmingham 

Manufacturer. 
Clogs,  made  of  gutta  percha,  leather,  and  wood,  with 
patent  fastening. 

200  Brotchie,  Richard,  3  Oxendon  Street,  Haymnrket 

— Inventor  and  Proprietor. 
Patent  vulcanized  plate  for  boots  and  shoes,  to  resist 
wet  or  damp. 

Six  pairs  of  boots  and  shoes  with  vulcanised  soles. 


201  Norman,  Saml^l  Wills,  4  Oakley  Street, 
Westminster  Road — Inventor  and  Manufiacturer. 

Ladies*  cork  and  leather  boots,  waterproof,  and  light. 
Ladies'  shoe;  the  heel  of  wliich  will  retain  its  polish. 

202  HoBY,  George,  48  St.  Jame^s  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Napoleon  boots,  made  of  waterproof  leather.  Top  boots, 
Wellington  boots,  and  Oxford  shoes,  of  tiie  same  outerial. 
Specimens  of  the  leather,  unmanufactured.   Composition 
vnih.  which  the  articles  are  cleaned. 


203      Schaller,  J.,  19  Charles  Street,  Middletex 
Hospital — Inventor  and  Manu&oturer. 
New  water-proof  boots  and  shoes  and  overshoes.  ClogSy 

elastic  gaiters,  boots,  &c. 


204  Ridley,  J.,  St.  Paul's  C7/i 'ircAyar<^— Manufacturer. 
Ladies*  boots  and  shoes. 


205    WiLSHiN,  S.  B.,  86  Albany  Ro<ul,  Cambenetil— 

Manufacturer. 
Skating-boots  on  a  new  principle. 


206  Walker,  Edward,  19  Whitecross  Plaee,  WBaom  St., 
Finshnry — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Registered  ladies*  elastic  Victoria  riding  and  walking 
boot. 


207        Walsh,  William,  7  Buckingham  Place, 
Pittnty  Stjwtre — ^Manufacturer  and  I>esigner. 
A  imv  of  shoes. 


KntoDOM.] 


SKINS,  FUR,  AND  HAIR. 
Abeas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  TO  14. 


527 


208   Stahlbt,  C,  238  High  Street,  Boroitgh — Inventor. 

Model  of  a  shoe,  oompoeed  of  black  ebony,  with  gold 
Irackle  and  studs,  placed  on  a  stand  made  of  kinir-wood, 
eomprising  74  pieces.    A  specimen  of  wortmanwnip  for 


209  Saltbb,  Obobob,  46  Windsor  Street,  Islington— 

Inrentor  and  BCanufacturer. 
Pur  of  new-invented  cork  boots,  waterproof  in  the 
solas,  independently  of  the  cork,  and  waterproof  round 
tike  sides  <h  the  upper  to  the  extent  of  one  inch,  so  as  to 
allow  ventilation.  The  cork  inside  is  uncovered,  and  so 
eonstmcted  as  not  to  be  displaced  by  wearing.  Adapted 
for  ladies'  riding  and  walking  boots. 

210  PoLLBiT,  Thomas,  Earfs  Cowrt,  Kensington — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Wellington  boots,  with  revolving  leather  heel ;  ladies' 
boots,  with  revolving  brass  heel;  three  model  revolving 
lieels.  

211  TaoMAS  &  SoK,  36  St.  James* t  Street — 

Manufacturers. 
Jack-boot,  regulation  for  the  Household  cavalry.   Stout 
bnntint?.  racing,  Wellington,  laced  shooting,  silk  stocking 
I,  beasian,  button,  and  other  boots. 
Highland  brogues.    Model  pump.   Regulation  steel  and 
gilt  spurs.  

212  GowDOji,  Ej>miSf  ^  A,  Princes  Street,  Leicester 

Square — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Screw  clump-sole  boots,  with  pegged  waist. 


213 


Frederick,  8  Cartwright  Street, 
Hoyal  Mint — Maker  and  Proprietor. 
Ladies*  cork  sole  boots,  made  of  royal  purple  silk  velvet, 
embroidered  with  rose,  shamrock,  and  thistle,  and  the 
oak  and  laureL 

215    CiTBRIB,  James,  3  Ponton  Street,  /fat/market — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
I::.f»rovcd  waterproof  boot**. 


21»»    FAfULViai,  Oliver,  .'J»»  WitpWfre  Street,  dirnvlish 
Sf  oirr — Inventor  and  Maker. 
Pair  of  waterprfK)f  tirthin^  or  nhooting  boot8. 


•Jl«»  BRir¥;R*,  Charles  H.,  :>7  n,nrloffr  Strrrt, 
['•trti'tni  /'/.»»•  —Invcnt4>r  Jind  Maiimfjicturer. 
II«Tn*t4Te<i  rotary  luM'l  for  lx>ot«  and  nhoes,  in.'wlo  either 
in  lf.4th*-r  or  «<m>*1.  completely  detached  from  the  boot  or 
*■';•-•.  When  the  U*ather  or  wo<k1  in  worn  awav,  it  can  l)o 
rvr,' wr«i  with  very  little  tnuiblo  and  expense,  whilo  the 
i^»r.LlIic  i«art  will  la^^t  for  a  conniderable  period. 

22*  •        Bbcbett,  Grorcr,  41  Fmrhnrch  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Varioiw  boots. 


222    Lascpale,  IIkn'RV,  r»7  }fn>int  Street,  (InKtrenor 

Si'i^ire  — Man»ifjw;turer. 
i  1*;l«lren'H    \x**ttA    and    nhoeH,    in    vjiriouH    fonn«   and 
n.sf«-r:.kU;  the  binding  or  needlework  by  Ann  and   Helen 
I^AHiT'Lil**.     Side-button  l>ootJ4  Htiffenwl  roun<l  the  .'uikles. 

22  4     lioBFJiT,  A.,  123  AVy./i/.sV r.v'^-Manu fact uror. 


227         Grc.vdt.  Thomas.  44  .>7.  }fartiu's  L. 


tne. 


and  \.\.\  Lr'vlriulill  Street. 
I#<<«t«   ma<le  of  Iwither   j»n'i>.'ire<l    by  a   new   process, 
wh:.  \i  renders  them  Moft  and  i»liable,  having  a  tine  i>olinh. 
ju*.  1  rvijuiring  no  bhtcking. 

22"*    ^^VTT.  S.  T.,  1   I'ni.n  Sh-'it,  Sniith'r.irl:     Inventor. 
V  %r\  *'i«  n-VTAternl  hi^itj*.  with  -^li'liu''  and  mov»'al»h.'  toes. 


230         Garner,  David,  41  FinshHry  Market — 
Manufacturer  and  Designer. 

Portable  boot-trees  of  one  leg  only,  comprising  the 
means  of  treeing  five  different  kinds  of  boots  and  shoes; 
containing  also  a  sot  of  blacking-brushes,  blacking,  boot- 
hooks,  powder-box,  &c. 

Boot-lasts,  adapted  for  diseases  of  feet,  bunions,  &c. 

Wellington  boot  lasts.    Boot  and  shoe  lasts. 

235  Geary,  Nicholas,  61  St.  Jame^s  Street — 

Inventor  and  ManufActurer. 
Improved  jack  boots. 

Regimental  gloves,  intended  to  show  an  improvement 
in  the  gauntlet. 

236  Bowler,  James,  2  Little  Portland  Street— 

Manufacturer. 
Lasts,  trees,  and  stretchers  for  ladies'  and  gentlemen's 
boots. 

237  Smith,  J.,  Bedford — Inventor  and  Patentee. 
Soccopedes  elasticus.     Ladies'  boot. 

238  Hewlett,  Anthony,  5  BtwUiigton  Arcade — 

Part  Inventor. 
Busts   of  Her  Majesty,    His  Royal   Highness   Prince 
Albert,  and  the  Prince  of  Wales;   exhibited  to  display  a 
new  method  of  artificial  hair  without  springs,  elastics,  or 
ribbons. 

240      Butterworth,  William,  &  Co.,  9  Great  Dover 
Street,  and  4  Sucan  Street,  Southicark — Inventors 
and  Manufacturers. 
The  registered  Panelastic  boot;  obviating  the  imsightly 

appearance  and  other  disadvantages  of  inserted  gores. 


241    Marshall,  C.,  207  Oxford  Street — Manufacturer. 
Ladies'  boots  and  shoes. 


242        Parker,  John,  35  Danie  Street,  Dublin — 

Manufacturer. 

Boots: — Gentlemen's  enaiuelle<l  leather  bro\%-n  top; 
patent  Napoleon;  cork-.solo  walking  ;  patent  leather 
dress;  and  drejw  oiK-m;  with  varioiw  others*.  Morocco 
k'ather  slippers,  eiiihroidered  with  royal  armn  in  goM. 

liudics'  white  tabinet  and  black  natin  sj)ring-rtide  boots 
and  drcs8  nhoeH.  iJutton  walking  shoes.  Kid  bootw. 
Cork-sole  l)0()t.s.  All  made  of  Iiish  niatenalt*  and  maim- 
fjicture. 

24'^       WKnn,  Edward,  llo/vr^v/./-— Manufacturer. 

Coloure<l  hair-cloth,  and  cloth  composed  of  hair  and 
pilk,  f«)r  covering  cluui-s,  sof;w,  &c. 

Hoi'fie-hair  carjiet,  woven  like  Brussels  carpet,  and  suit- 
able for  halls,  olHces,  churches,  &c. 

244  BURCKSS,  R.,  !.')&  ir,  ftj.rni  Arr.ofr,    C/.nrlcs  Stnrt, 
St.  Jaimw's — Inventor  and  Manufjirturer. 
Improved  wig.      New  hair-brushes,     liimdoline. 


245        Brownf,  Frkdkrick,  47   Feurhunh  Strc't — 
Manuf;ioturer  and  Designer. 
Indies*    and    gentlemen's   head-ilresses  of  ornamental 
hair. 

24*>  lUyvcuvT,  C,  74a  Xnr  //o/<J  >7/vr/— Manufacturer. 

SfKJcimens  of  the  new  improv«'d  crochet -work  in  uii; 
makinir.  on  skin  jukI  on  net.  Tlie  mechanism  on  the 
mo\in;^  scalp  is  to  show  the  difference  in  the  aj>j»earance 
of  a  h»*;ul  with  and  without  a  scalp. 

247      BtrK,  HouKRT,  71*  r/,/-.iy..v„/,    -Manufacturer. 

Liwly's  hejul  dress,  gentlemiui's  peruke,  front  hea<l 
drej*s<'s.  pie<'«*  of  straitdit  hair.  iS:c.,  showi?i"j  the  improve- 
ments made  in  wiir  nuikin:^'  during'  the  i»ast  ten  yeai*s. 

21H    Bossi,  I.oris  J^*  /.''/'•/</  Strnt     Inventor  and 

M.iimfiutiii»'i . 


Wi;'H  of  various  kinds. 


lo.T 


Oiiiciai.  Ilia'stuatid  ('.iT.\I.<Ka*F..l 


J  T 


528 


Class  16.— LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

Arkas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  TO  14. 


[  U>'XTBD 


249  Winter,  William,  205  Oxfonl  .9</wf— Inventor. 
TrouHparent  wigs  for  ladies  and  gentlemen;    head- 
dresses, &c.  

250  Prevost,  Mark,  100  St.  Mttrtins  Lane,  Westmuisfcr 

— Inventor  and  Maker. 
A  >vig,  from  which  the  transverse  elaatic  band  (that 
covorR  the  apex  of  the  toni])los  of  the  wearer)  is  remove<l, 
and  circulation  in  the  arteries  preserved.  The  metal 
cross  spring  (used  in  ojHjn  temple  wigs^  to  grasp  the 
hesid  is  not  employed.  Tlie  invention  consists  of  two 
springs  placed  over  the  temple.s,  which  expand  while  the 
wig  is  being  drawn  on,  and  collapse  to  hold  it  on  perma- 
nently,   

251  Carles,  H.  R.,  45  Xcc  Bund  Stnct— 

Inventor  and  Manufsicturer. 

Large  wax  hea<l,  with  white  bald  knotted  wig;  the 
same  with  knotted  false-hair  beard . 

A  A^ig,  knotted  on  strong  material. 

Lady's  head-dress,  with  ti-ansporent  division. 

Bald  white  wig,  with  skin  top,  made  with  braid. 

Transparent  scalp. 

Gentleman's  wig,  the  division  made  of  hair  only;  the 
same  with  trausjiarcnt  division. 

253         Isidore  &  Brandt,  'J17  Hiymt  Street — 
Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
\^^ute  wig,  with  the  arms  of  England  f4)rmod  by  work 
in  hair.  Teruke  li  la  Marie  Stuart.    Powdered  \rig,  in  the 
reign  of  Louis  XV.     Lady's  wig.  after  nature.     Vai'ious 
wigs,  fronts,  and  curls,  produced  by  a  new  i)rocess. 

255     Worn,  Richard,  17  Datrson  Street,  Dnhlin — 

Manufacturer. 
"  Gossamer"  ti^ansparcnt  Tcmjile  spring  wig,  \\ith  crojw 
division;  and  with  parting  of  crdpo.      Weft,  with  skin 
parting,  to  avoid  coiiti-tu'tion,  &c. 


250 


Madden  &  Black,  C  ipet  Street,  Ihiblm — 
Manufacturers. 
Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  ]>orukes,  with  skin  partings, 
and  with  transparent    paiiings.      Latlies'   fronts,  auJ  a 
gcntloimm's  peruke,  with  gossamer  i)arting.      Improve<l 
bar  ^ig. 

257  Douglas,  R.,  .'J+  Xnrth  A"'ifrff  Strert — Inventor. 

T*a<ly*K  head-dress.  The  haii-  it*  7  feet  long,  King  joined 
together  so  as  to  apiKjar  of  one  Icn^rth. 

Circular  hair  brusihes,  cajiable  of  revolving  cither  way, 
or  of  being  used  as  an  onlinai-y  brusih. 


259  Cacssb,  D.  A.,  207  Ht^i-nt  Strot — Manufacturer. 

I-rfidies'  hiiir  fronts,  on  tr.uisparent  silk  net,  in  various 
stvles. 

Lsulies'  and  gentlemen's  penikes,  on  lino  Malines  silk 
net.  and  iimirted  tlirougli  the  skin. 

Gentleman's  scalp. 

200  MussA,  MiciiKi^  4  lV<.'/or/.i7?<-r'/,  P'lnJ.tLV — Inventor 

and  Manufactuivr. 
Improveti  specimens  i>f  theatrical  wigs  and  beards. 

261         Pigott,  Joseph,  (VA— Manufacturer. 

A  lady's  head-dress,  intended  iis  a  useful  and  ornamen- 
tal BulMtitute  for  the  natursil  hair;  it  is  light  and  trans- 
parent, each  hair  being  set  in  singly. 

2(>2  RoBKY,  W.  liichiivjud,  Surrey — Inventur. 

Ladies'  head-dress. 


264  Tyz-VCK,  W.  v.,  A'finriVA— Manufacturer. 

Si^ecimens  of  false  hair,  which  show  the  skin  of  the 
head  between  every  hair. 

265  O'LiLiRY,  JoHX,  5:i  .<,"f/t  M„U^  C'jr':,  Ird  <u.l  - 

Manufactui-er. 
Improved  gentleman's  wig,  each  hair  hiw  been  worked 


in  separately  on  the  net,  which  constitutos  the  ground  or 
frame  work,  and  renders  it  transparent. 

266  Kelsey,  John  Turner,  Litu/field,  East  Gruutead — 

Mimufacturcr. 

Crop  liide  of  North  Wales  runt,  of  the  great  weight  of 

82  lbs.,  tanned  with  Sussex  oak-bark;  used  for  boot  and 

shoe  sdles,   and  for  machinery.      Prepared  at  Batnor^a 

tan-yaixl,  in  Liugfield.      The  tanning  occupied  two  years. 

[The  process  of  tanning — that  ia,  of  the  combination  of 
the  tannic  acid  of  the  oak  bark  with  the  gelatine  of  the 
hide— is  generally  a  slow  one;  in  the  preeent  instance 
remarkably  so.  New  methods  of  haatening  it  forward 
have  been  introduced;  but  it  is  said  that  the  leather  thus 
produced  is  not  equal  in  solidity  and  durability  to  that 
obtained  in  the  ordinary  slow  manner. — R.  E.] 

267  DuciE,  Earl,  Torttrorth  Court,  Wotton-wider-EAfe, 

0  Umcestershire — Exhibitor. 
Cart  harness,  for  agricultural  and  other  purposes,  with 
Vick's  improved  registered  homes — constnicted  to  give 
facility  of  draught  by  raising  or  lowering  the  huffing- 
tugs.  Tlie  cai-t-saddle  and  collar  ore  imule  of  patent 
leather,  with  rollers  in  the  tree  of  the  cart-eaddle  upon 
which  the  back-band  works  freely.  Made  by  Riclnid 
Vick,  saddle  and  harness  maker,  Oloucester. 


2r»0  Taylor,  T.,  Banbury,  Oxoh — Inventor. 

Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  riding-saddles,  inflated  with 
air.  Hunting -saddles,  with  ])atent  moveable  |ianela. 
Ilegistered  bits,  various  webs,  &c. 

270        Oakley,  Tom,  Maidatunc — Designer  and 

Manufactiu*er. 
L.-vly*s  saildle,  quilted  all  over,  with  ftmcy  wool-work 
intmduceil.      The  off-siile  hetid  is  disjiciuied  with,  and 

lightness  made  an  object. 


271  Saunders,  Francis  Woolhoitse,  Thame,  Oxtm — 

Manufacturer. 
A  four-horse  cart  liaiiiess,  for  agricultural  and  general 
purposes ;  the  blinkers  made  with  plate«>,  similar  to  carriuge 
harness,  i)revcnting  any  injuiy  to  the  eyes. 

272  Blowers,  William  Randall,  IH'jh  Street,  M'lldm, 

Kssr  V — Manufacturer. 
Variety  of  liamess  for  di'aught  horses. 

273  Cowan,  Laculan,  Barrhmd,  Xeic  Aris/ty— 

l*ro<lucer. 
Set  of  ciu^  harness. 

275        Cox,  Thomas,  Binf  Ohd  Lane,  S%trvkh — 
1  )esigiier  and  Manufacturer. 
Pony  hanuvs,  wt»ven  from  flax  grown  in  Norfolk. 
Fancy  bitskets,  woven  from  the  same  niateriala. 


277  Charge,  Robert,  Hurse  Market,  iMrliiujton, 

Ihu'haiii — Maimfacturer. 
Siiddlc,  adapted  for  nding  or  hunting,  light  in  weighty 
and  new  in  style. 

278  Dax,  Richard,  JI!>jh  Street,  Wehhpouf,  Xorih  Wttla 

—  Inventor. 
Harness  and  riding  briflles,  with  noseband  horse-stopper 
attached. 

2  7  0      PoLiAX^K ,  Ja M  tis,  151  Stitelnrell  Street,  Glaaifov 

— Manufacturer. 
Com])let.e  set  of  Scotch  horse  hamess,  inclutUng  the 
viu*ious  lulicles  thiit  a  horse  requires  when  in  yoke. 

283    CozKNR  &  Grkatrex,  Walsall — ^Manufacturer. 

Tinned  and  curried  leather  for  bridles  and  reiiw;  and 
for  stiiTUp  leathei-s. 
Curried  hog-skins  for  saddles.    Seal -skins  for  saddle* 

welts. 


Krcodom.] 


SKINS,  FUK,  AND  HAIR. 
Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


629 


2M      Rajtdall  k  Dicks,  21  Greek  Street,  Soho^ 

Manufacturers. 
SkioM  for  oil  leather,  in  raw  state  and  in  various  stages 
of  iiiMiufKtiire.     Bnek,  doe,  calf,  sheep,  and  lamb  skins, 
Cnkhed;  with  specimens  in  breeches,  gloves,  braces,  and 
ptftooforte  hammers. 

285  PiTLLMAK,  R.  W.  &  J.,  17  Greek  Street,  Soho— 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  oil  leather  in  various  stages  of  dressing, 
.,  back,  doe,  fiswn,  buffalo,  calf,  sheep,  and  lamb  skins. 


[The  process  of  oil  or  chamois  leather  dressing,  as  prac- 
tised in  Eogland,  consists  in  beating  fish  oil  into  the  pores 
of  the  skin,  and  afterwards  partially  drying  or  oxygenating 
the  oil.  When  the  skin  is  perfectly  saturated  by  the  re- 
process  of  hammering  in  the  mill,  and  partial 
it  is  allowed  to  become  hot  by  natural  fermeuta- 
tion,  and  then,  by  washing  in  strong  alkali,  becomes  the 
•ofiost  and  most  pliable  of  all  kinds  of  leather.] 


286  O 


k  Palmeb,  Grange  Koad,  Bermondsei/ — 
ManufiEicturers. 

Japanned  border,  bag,  horse,  and  split  hides.  Black, 
green,  blue,  drab,  maroon,  crimson,  and  brown  ena- 
melled hides.  The  border  hide  is  manufactured  from 
the  hide  of  an  ox,  being  (as  far  as  practicable)  left  the 
whole  thickness;  the  other  hides  (with  the  exception  of 
the  horse)  are  the  same  description  of  hide,  split  by  ma- 
dhine  to  any  required  thickness ;  thus  making  two,  whereas 
formerly  the  hide  had  to  be  shaved  to  the  proper  thick- 
■•■•  by  manual  labour. 

The  japanned  split  hide  shows  the  flesh  side  curried 
anil  japanned  for  coach  purposes. 


288  JjCftsosi,  RoBT.  B.,  9  Hampstetid  St.,  Fitzroy  Sqwire 

— Inventor. 
New  mode  of  cleaning  and  restoring  worn  and  decayed 
M''*n»co'j  l«ather,  for upholsterj' purposes,  cuach  linings,  &c. 

2^'.*        Gtx>BCE,  Joseph,  HI  [)^,m  strcrt,  S<}/io — 

Manufictiiivr. 

*'b':\t  :%n<\  j>^iiit<»<l  loathtT,  cHpuble  (»f  bcint;  made  of  any 
1*1  \*\i  .iii'l  ItD^h,  for  the  hai);j:in^8  of  roonirt,  screens,  iVc. 

V,in'»ti-»  -|«.i*i!iifUrt  of  ornaiiient.-il   leathrr,    Ixutlcrings 
f-r  T.-»>'lf  TojM.  e«l;^eji  of  I>ix)k-Hhelvc8,  covering;  furniture, 

K':.>f->»-«*'«l  ATnl  ;:ilt    le.ithor,   of  differeut  lengths,    for 
th'    ;.  tn/ijii^A  of  nK»nui,  ?cn^en«,  &c.,  in  every  Viunety  of 


'2.***     Utxos  k  Wuitim;,  MtH.iiw]  Strrct,  Bcnnnu/isi'/ — 

Manufat'turerH. 
••iii.jili-"*  of  enamelle<l,  japanned,  and  coloured  hidci^; 
*;:.  uz  »hich  in   one  of  the  hirgest   hide  sjilit^,    eiuTie<l ; 
«:.  i  il-»  a  bide  nplit  into  throe,  the  grain  enamelled,  and 
tL'-  rw  •  -pliu  JAjKinni'd. 

T}.v  Uid^Line  by  u  hich  a  «»kin  'ia  pplit  into  two  or  three 
J.  r»i  •n^  i*  of  Ixrautiful  and  ingenious  construction.  It 
r  :.->t*t3sjw.nt  Ally  of  two  j^r<»r»ved  roUerH,  which  neizo  the 
*L  ::  .kfj-l  i-if^-ut  it  t'i  the  ed;;e  of  a  rapidly-moving  liori- 
7.  :it-»l  Ln:fH,  by  which  it  is  8pce<lily  split  into  halves. 
Tt^'  rr\-%t:\e  thicknewt  <»f  the  Iialve^  can  be  adjusted  by 

'J'*  ;       IVKTmiF-B.  Mortimer,  k  Co.,  In'muouhrj — 
i*n»j»riet<»r>»  and  Lwithcr  Factors. 
M  ■]'i*,  l«ath«ir,  and  t^uining  niaterialrt. 

2'*l     FVwuBD.  Jouv,  7  f'hnrrh  St>rrt,  Hmftrll  Sheet ^ 
//o-i/i/iw'/.s/'v— Manufjicturer. 
?'.'♦. •*!  *:\\f  i*kin^.  tinn(>d  an<l  drertsed  (Paris  and    Ror 

•  .-  .    X    firf'h;«»ii',  w:th  mk    h.irk  and  «»tl!er  Km:li.><li  iu-^re- 

•  .     •  •' 

l>^jt  froiiU  frum  similar  tfkluM,  blocked  aiid  fiui«*hcd. 


297  Tombs,  E.,  Theberton  Street,  hlitujUm — Producer. 
English  calf  skin. 

298  Branscombe,  S.,  Licerpooi — Manufacturer. 

Tanned  bufifalo  hides,  imported  into  London  in  a  salted 
state  from  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  in  1847,  and  tanned 
at  Lynn,  in  Cheshire. 


299  Heintze,  L.,  1  School  Lam,  Liverpool — Importer. 

Black  japanned  calf-skins,  tanned  and  prepared  by 
Heintze  and  Freudenberg,  Weinheim,  near  Mannheim, 
on  the  Rhine. 

300  Brown,  A.,  Milsom  Street,  Bath — Inventor. 
Peruke,  manufactiu>ed  without  stitching. 


301 


Hudson's  Bay  Company — Producers. 

(Main  Avenue  West.) 

Specimens  of  skins  from  the  Arctic  Regions,  belonging 

to  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company,  selected  for  the  Exhibition 

from  their  importation  of  1851 ;  prepared  and  arranged  by 

the  exhibitors,  from  No.  1  to  No.  27. 

[The  immense  tracts  of  country  over  which  the  Hudson's 
Bay  Company  has  control  may  bo  considered  as  vast 
hunting-grounds,  affording  a  varied  and  exhaustless  sup- 
ply of  furs.  The  territoiial  possessions  of  this  Company 
cover  nearly  one-eighth  of  the  habitable  globe.  Russia 
is  next  m  order  and  im[>ortance  in  this  respect,  but  with 
a  diflferent  race  of  animals.  The  fur  produce  of  North 
America  and  the  Canadas  is  also  important.  As  we  ap- 
proach the  tropics  and  the  warmer  regidns,  the  silky 
fur  with  which  the  animals  are  clothed  in  the  northern 
climes  disappears,  and  fur  of  a  totally  different  character 
is  mot  with,  which,  although  splendid  in  appearance,  is 
not  adapted  for  warmth  or  general  use. 

Table  of  Imports  and  Exports. 


(.'hiiK-hilla 

I5«'ar  .    .    . 

KislnT   .    . 

Vox  rcl  . 
rr«><w. 
silver 
whi;e 

Martin  .  , 
Mink  .  . 
Musqiia.<«Ii 

()tt<T.     .     . 

Fnr  !»  'rI  . 
Wolf     .    . 


n 
»» 


Total 

Import  At  ion 

into 

England. 


(0,0<M) 

H;>.(MH) 

0 ,  5<)0 
11,000 
50,000 

4,5(0 
1. 000 

1 .  .')00 

'Jo,(»oo 
;m,000 

i*:o,ooo 

24...  coo 
1  ,000,<'0i» 

i:,r.(0 

1  J.OIM) 
IJ.OOO 


Exporte<l. 


.'j2'»,000 

r?,oiio 

ao,oo<) 

M.OOO 

i  1 ,0(0 

30,000 

4,500 

1  ,OtK» 

5«;o 

1.^,000 
5o,oOO 
IS  0(0 

:5,oo(j 

l.'>o,()t>0 
IT,,'>00 
IL'.JOO 
i.>,oOO 


Cormnmcd 

in 
England. 

Nonp. 

4.^,  (HO 

55,000 
I  ,:)00 

None. 

None. 

None. 

None. 

1,000 

2.000 

5,0t0 

105,000 

ITO,(tOO 

8.>0,0^0 

None 
2,.)(»0 

None. 


1 

-^rROPKAN  Firs 

■ 

... 
... 
.  •  • 

Imported. 

Fx  ported. 

Consumed 
in 
Kn^Und. 

Martin.  Stone,  and  lUura 

S(|iiirrHl 

Kitrh 

IvOlin^Kl       .        •        .        •        •       m        m 

l-.>0,00l» 

2,'-':i,-v.H 

65,n«M 

5^1,410 

1MT,|()4 

5,000 
77. 1(0 

i:<>o 

None. 

115,000 

2,194,o«W 

3.  .Hl.» 

5<,l.'.0 

Ermiiu*     ......>•.. 

l.-Tjoi 

-J.  A.  N.J 

1.  Croup  of  black  and  Hilver  foxcA  (Vuljiitfulris,  var. 

•2.    <JrMUp  of  foXCR  (  Viil}>is  f>ih'iA,  var.   prmsS'it'l.'*). 

.1.   (Jrodp  of  nd  and  wilvrr  foxes  (  \'n!j„\  fifn.^). 
4.  ,,  white  ,,  (  \''ifpis  f'i.jnj,>>s). 

kitt  ,,  {\''t/jns  I <-!,,.>). 

[The  Mack  aiiil  A\\»*r  fox  ir*  the  most    \ahi;il»le  of  thin 
tribt;:  they  arc  generally  purchju*ed  for  the  UusHijin  and 

2  T  1 


530 


Class  16.— LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


[USITB 


Chinese  markets,  being  highly  prized  in  these  countries. 
The  cross  and  red  fox  are  used  by  the  Chinese,  Greeks, 
Persians,  &c.,  for  cloak-linings  and  for  trimming  dresses. 
The  white  and  blue  fox  is  used  in  this  and  other  coun- 
tries for  ladies'  wear.  In  the  sumptuary  laws  passed  in 
the  reign  of  Henry  III.,  the  fox  is  named  with  other  furs 
then  in  use. — J.  A.  N.] 

6.  Group  of  otter  {Lutra  Canadensis). 

[The  Hudson's  Bay  North  American  and  European 
otters  are  chiefly  exported  for  the  use  of  the  Russians, 
Chinese,  Greeks,  and  others,  for  cape,  collars,  trimming 
national  dresses,  robes,  &c.  Upwards  of  500  otters,  the 
produce  of  Great  Britain,  during  the  last  year,  were  ex- 
ported.— J.  A.  N.] 

7.  Group  of  beaver  (Castor  Amcricanm). 

[The  beaver  in  former  years  was  one  of  the  Hudson's 
Bay  Company's  most  valuable  productions;  but  since  its 
use  has  been  almost  entirely  discontinued  in  the  manu- 
fitcture  of  hats,  it  has  lost  much  of  its  value.  Experiments 
have,  however,  been  made,  and  with  prospect  of  success, 
to  adapt  its  fine  and  silky  wool  to  weaving  purposes. 
The  skin  of  the  beaver  is  prepared  by  a  new  process,  after 
which  the  surface  is  cut  by  a  new  and  ingenious  machine, 
and  the  result  is  a  beautiful  fur  for  ladies'  wear.  It  is 
exported  in  its  prepared  state  to  various  parts  of  Europe 
and  the  East.  The  rich  white  wool  from  the  under  part 
of  the  beaver  is  largely  exported  to  France. — J.  A.  N.] 

8.  Group  of  lynx  {Rlis  Canadensis), 

9.  „         lynx  cat  (Felis  Rnfa), 

[Both  the  above  furs,  when  dyed,  were  formerly  much 
used.  It  is  still  dyed  and  prepared,  and  exported  in 
large  numbers  for  the  American  market.  In  its  nattuid 
state,  it  is  a  greyish  white,  with  dark  spots,  and  is  used 
by  the  Chinese,  Greeks,  Persians,  and  others,  for  cloaks, 
linings,  facings,  &c. :  it  is  very  soft,  warm,  and  light. 
The  fur  formerly  called  the  lucem  is  the  lynx. — J.  A.  N.] 

10.  Group  of  wolf  (Canis  Occidentalis), 

11.  „         ^YiQT  {Mtistcla  Canadensis), 

12.  ,,         wolvenn  (Gulo  lusats). 

[The  wolves  are  generally  use<l  as  cloak  and  coat  linings 
in  Russia,  and  other  cold  coimtries;  also  for  sleigh- 
coverings,  and  open  travelling  carriages.  The  other  skins 
enumerated  are  principally  used  for  trimmings,  linings, 
&c.  The  tail  of  the  fisher  is  very  valuable,  and  exclusively 
used  by  the  Jews. — J.  A.  N.] 

13.  Group  of  badger  (T'.ixidea  Labradoritt). 

[The  North  American  badger  is  exported  for  general 
wear;  its  soft  fine  fur  renders  it  suitable  for  that  purpose. 
The  European  badger,  on  the  contrary,  from  the  natufe 
of  its  hair,  is  extensively  used  for  the  manufacture  of 
shaving  brushes. — J.  A.  N.] 

14.  Group  of  martin  or  sable  {Mastela  mirtes), 

[The  Hudson's  Bay  martin  is  consumed  in  large  quan- 
tities in  this  country,  in  France,  and  in  Germany.  The 
lining  of  a  mantle  made  of  black  sables,  with  white 
spots,  and  presented  by  the  Bishop  of  Lincoln  to  Henry  I., 
was  valued  at  100/.  In  Henry  the  Eighth's  reign,  a 
sumptuary  law  confined  the  use  of  the  fur  of  sables  to  the 
nobility  above  the  rank  of  viscounts. — J.  A.  N.] 

15.  Group  of  mink  {^fttstela  vison), 

[The  mink  is  exclusively  the  produce  of  the  Hudson's 
Biy  possesnions  and  North  America;  it  is  consumed  in 
Euroi)C  in  immense  numbers,  principally  for  ladies'  wear. 
—J,  A.  N.J 


16.  Group  of  musquash,  or  musk-rat  (Fiber  ztbeihicfu), 

[The  musquash,  or  large  American  musk-rat,  iBimporiad 
into  this  country  in  immense  numbers:  it  was  formeiiy 
much  used  in  the  manufacture  of  hats,  but  the  introduc- 
tion of  the  silk  hat  has  entirely  superseded  its  use;  and 
the  fur  is  employed  for  wear  after  having  undergone  pre- 
paration.— J.  A.  N.] 

17.  Group  of  weenusk  (Arctomys  empetra), 

18.  „        swan  (Cygnits  fenu), 

19.  „        white  hare  (Z^pttf  <//<icui/is). 

20.  ,y        rabbits  (Lepus  Americanvs), 

[The  Hudson's  Bay  rabbit  is  one  of  the  leaat  valuabk 
skins  imported  by  this  Company :  like  all  fun  from  th« 
Polar  regions,  its  hair  is  fine,  long,  and  thick,  but  the 
skin  is  so  fragile  and  tender  that  it  is  almost  lueleu.— 

J.A.  N.] 

21.  Group  of  black  bear  ( Ursits  Amerioanud), 

22.  „        brown  bear  (  CVuss,  var.  Amaicanvs), 

23.  ,,         grey  hesjT  (Ursus  ferox), 

[The  lazge  North  American  black  bear  is  technioilly 
termed  the  army  bear,  because  it  is  generally  used  for 
military  purposes  in  this  and  other  countries,  for  csp% 
pistol-holsters,  rugs,  carriage  hammerclothi,  sleigh  oover- 
ings,  &c.  The  fine  black  cub  bears  are  much  songlii 
after  in  Russia  for  making  shube-linings,  cottt>liningi 
trimmings,  facings,  &c.  The  other  sorts,  with  the  laigt 
grey  bears,  for  sleigh-coverings  and  aocompaniments,  fte. 
The  white  Polar  bear,  the  supply  of  which  is  very  liw»it^, 
is  generally  made  into  rugs,  which  are  often  bordered 
with  the  black  and  grey  bear.  The  brown  or  Isabella 
bear  is  at  the  present  time  used  for  ladies*  wear  in 
America.— J.  A.  N.] 

24.  Group  of  sea-otter  (Euirydra  maritima), 

[The  sea-otter  is  most  sought  after  by  the  traders,  on 
account  of  its  great  commercial  value:  it  is  said  to  be  the 
royal  fur  of  China,  and  is  much  used  by  the  officers  of 
state,  mandarins,  &c.  It  is  in  great  esteem  in  Biiiisit, 
and  principally  worn  by  gentlemen  for  collars,  cufi^ 
facings,  trimmings,  &c.  On  account  of  its  great  weight 
it  is  rarely  used  by  la<:lio8. — J.  A.  N] 

25.  Group  of  swan  quills. 

26.  ,f        goose  quills. 

27.  .,        isinglass  in  its  natural  state. 


tf 


[This  specimen  is  in  its  original  state;  by  a  subeequent 
process  it  is  prepared  for  domestic  use. — J.  A.  N.] 


301a    Nicholat,  John  Aug.,  &  Soy,  82  Oxford  Stred^ 
Collectors,  Importers,  Manufiicturers,  ftc. 

Selected  from  Canadian  importation,  with  the 

of  C.  M.  Lampson,  Esq. 

(Main  Avenue,  West,) 

28.  Group  of  racoon  (Procyon  lator), 

[The  finest  racoon  furs  are  produced  in  North 
and  are  imported  into  this  country  in  immense  numben. 
They  are  purchaseil  here  by  the  merchants  who  attend 
the  i>eriodical  fur  sales,  and  who  dispose  of  large  quantitios 
at  the  great  fair  at  Leipsic :  they  are  principally  used  in 
Russia,  and  throughout  Germany,  for  lining  shubes  and 
coats,  and  are  exclusively  confined  to  gentlemen's  wear. 
The  dark  skins  are  the  choicest,  and  are  very  valuable.] 

29.  Group  of  cat  lynx  (Felis  Rttfn), 
.'to.  Group  of  mink  (Mnstela  riVow). 

31.  Group  of  grey  fox  (VulpiM  ViryiHlmts). 

[The  Virginian,  or  North  American  grey  lbs,  is  the 


KDnSDOM.] 


SKINS,  FUR,  AND  HAIR. 
Areas  G.  U.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


631 


produoe  of  the  Ctmu\tm,  Newfoundland,  Labrador,  &c., 
aad  ia  at  preaent  much  used  for  open-carriage  wr^pen.] 

Etbofban  Fubs,  selected  by  the  exhibitors. 

32.  Group  of  Russian  sable  (Maries  zibellina), 

[The  Russian  or  Siberian  sable  is  one  of  the  most  costly 
fora,  and  is  manufactured  into  linings,  which  are  gene- 
rally used  as  presents  by  great  potentates,  being  of  the 
Taloe  of  1000  guineas  and  upwards.  The  Lord  Mayor, 
Aldermen,  and  SherifEi,  &c.,  of  the  city  of  London,  have 
their  robes  and  gowns  furred  with  this  sable  accord- 
ing to  their  respective  ranks.  The  tail  of  the  sable  is 
also  used  in  the  manufacture  of  artists'  pencils  or  brushes. 
ffrwis  produces  about  25,000  of  these  valuable  and 
aaUwiiuad  skins  annually.] 

33.  Gtroup  of  stone  martin  {Martcs  cUbogularis), 

[The  stone  martin  is  widely  spread  over  Europe,  and 
derives  its  name  from  the  fSnct  of  its  selecting  rocks, 
mined  castles,  ftc.,  as  its  haunts.  The  French  excel  in 
dying  this  fur,  and  it  is  in  consequence  termed  French 
wMm.] 

34.  Group  of  baum  martin  (Afcwtea  abietum), 

[The  baum  or  wood  martin  is  so  named  from  its  being 
iutaiiably  found  in  woods  and  pine  forests  in  Europe. 
Th«  fur  in  its  natural  state  is  similar  to  the  North 
American  sable,  but  ooaner.  It  is  distinguished  by  the 
bright  jellow  colour  of  its  throat;  when  dyed,  the  fur 
closely  resembles  the  real  sable.] 

3^  Group  of  ermine  (Muatela  ermtnea), 

[TIm  ermine  is  produced  in  most  countries ;  but  the  best 
is  from  Russia,  Sweden,  and  Norway,  and  is  killed  in 
winter  when  the  fur  is  pure  white  (except  the  tail, 
with  xta  jet  bla<^  tip),  it  being  at  that  season  in  its  greatest 
j-rf'-ction :  in  summer  and  spring  it  ia  grey  and  of  little 
*.*r  n>>  vnlue.  It  is  the  weoM^^l  of  more  southern  climes. 
Tbr  ffnuiue  ij*  the  royal  fur  of  Russia,  Oenimny,  Spain, 
I'"rtii^4il,  Italy,  &c.  In  England,  at  the  corouatiou 
f'f  the  S«»vereigii,  the  minever,  as  the  ermine  is  styled  in 
hrrfti'Lc  lan^.v;e,  ia  useil,  being  powdered,  that  is, 
<U'l-l»-«l  mith   black  spotn;  the  spoto  or  powdered  bars 

•  •n  the  uiinever  cai>e8  of  the  jKsera  and  jHieresses  being  in 
r-»ir-.  aLrA  the  number  of  n»w8  or  bars  denoting  their 
ivr.  ■  .^  •Inn'eiM  of  nmk.  The  sovereign  alone  and  the 
LI. --I  n'Vil  having;  the  minever  of  the  con>natiou  robes 
ym  v-ltrivil  all  over,  a  bliick  spot  being  inserted  in  about 
ty'-ry  -^sjare  inch  of  the  fiU",  crimson  velvet  being  iii?ed 

•  o  \\jiX  iiciasiun.  The  crown  is  also  adorned  with  a 
>.u>l  •  f  minever,  with  a  single  row  of  spots;  the  coronets 

•  f  rh*"  j^.tTii  an<i  peerejwes  having  a  similar  arrangement. 
TIht  bU*  k  *{^its  are  made  of  the  black  Astraain  lamb. 
«>n  •tattf  «M.cMioa4,  in  the  House  of  Lonls,  the  Peers 
»r*  )fcrT-*ye«l  in  their  robes  of  state,  of  scarlet  cloth  and 
r-  i  1  ".*••.  with  liam  or  rows  of  pure  minever,  more  or 
i-—  ft'..-vynling  to  th«.-ir  decrees  of  niuk;  the  80verei;ni 
k!  or  m«^Ann;!  the  r»>yal  minever,  powdered  all  (jver. 
TVe  Jud^*:*  in  their  r')l>es  of  i>thce  are  clad  in  scarlet  and 
j«ir»r  «rnuin«*.  Tlje  enaine,  with  the  tail  of  the  animal 
:ni»-Tl*-«i  therein,  ii«  uj«»*d  as  article*  of  droiM  for  hulies, 
;n  •.%'rrT  \Arifty  of  f«ina  ami  sha|)e.  licconling  to  the  dic- 
tA'-T-  of  f;iiilii<iD.  and  aliM»  as  chmk  lining.  The  minever 
c-*r«  nly  \*v  worn  on  Htate  »H?cai*ions  by  tlume  who,  by  their 
ra^k.  artr  entitled  to  xiA  us«.>;  but  a/<  an  article  of  fiishion 
f  T  1a.L«i'  wear  there  ii*  no  prohibition  in  foi*ce.  In  the 
rr  .-n  "f  K'iward  the  Tliinl,  furs  of  ermine  were  strictlv 
f  rT..lden  tij  be  worn  by  any  but  the  royal  family,  and 
It*  »**-ueral  lue  u  pruhibiteil  in  Austria  at  the  present 


time.  In  mercantile  transactions,  ermine  is  always  sold 
by  the  timber,  which  consists  of  40  skins.  The  miniver 
fur  of  a  former  era  was  the  white  belly  of  the  grey 
squirrel.] 

36.  Group  of  kolinski  (i/u«^«/a  iS'i^^ca). 

[The  kolinski  or  Tartar  sable  is  procured  from  Russia, 
belongs  to  the  weasel  tribe,  and  is  in  colour  a  bright 
yellow;  it  is  much  used  in  its  natural  state,  and  also 
dyed  to  imitate  the  cheaper  sables.] 

37.  Group  of  squirrel,  black  {Scirirm  Nijer). 

38.  „         squirrel,  blue  (^Sciurus,  var.  Niger), 

39.  ,,         squirrel,  kazan  (Sciurus,  var.  Griseus). 

40.  Ditto    s(|uirrel,  red  (Sciurus  vuigaris), 

[The  squirrel  abounds  in  Russia  (where  it  is  produced 
in  the  greatest  perfection),  in  such  immense  niuubers  as 
woidd  appear  almost  incredible;  the  importation  from 
thence  to  this  country  alone,  last  year,  exceeding2,000,000. 
The  celebrated  Weisenfels  lining  is  made  from  the  white 
part  of  the  dark-blue  squirrel.  A  full-sized  cloak -lining 
weighs  only  25  ounces :  it  is  known  as  the  petit  gris.  For 
colder  cUmates  the  linings  are  made  from  the  back  or 
plain  grey  part  of  the  squirrel,  the  best  having  part  of  the 
tail  left  on  each  skin.  Russia  produces  about  23,000,000 
annually.] 

41.  Group  of  fitch  or  pole-cat  (Putorius  fcetidus). 
[About  40  years  since  this  fur  was  more  largely  used 

than  at  present.  It  is  produced  in  the  greatest  perfection 
in  this  country.] 

42.  Group  of  Crimea  grey  lamb. 

43.  f,  Ukraine  black  lamb. 

44.  „  Astracan  black  lamb. 

45.  „  Astracan  grey  lamb. 

46.  „  Persian  black  lamb. 

47.  „  Persian  grey  lamb. 

48.  ,,  Spanish  lamb. 

49.  ,,  Himgarian  himb. 
5<>.  ,,  English  lamb. 

[The  grey  and  black  Russian  lamb  is  mostly  used  for 
gentlemen's  cloiik  and  coat  linings,  for  facings,  collars, 
caps,  &c.,  and  also  for  army  puq>oses.  The  Astracjui 
lamb  is  a  rich,  wavy,  glossy,  black  skin,  very  short  in  the 
fur,  having  the  apf)earanco  of  beautiful  watere<l  silk  : 
in  order  to  obtain  this  choice  skin,  it  is  averred  that 
the  psu*ent  sheep  is  destroyed  a  certain  time  befoi-e  the 
birth  of  the  lamb.  The  Persian,  grey,  and  black  lamb, 
is  covered  with  very  minute  curls ;  this  is  produced,  it  is 
Kiiid,  by  the  aniuml  being,  as  soon  as  bom,  sewn  up 
tightly  in  a  leathern  skin,  which  prevents  the  curl  ex- 
juinding.  The  Hungarian  lamb  is  prodiiced  in  that 
country  in  immense  numbers;  of  it  the  national  coat, 
called  the  Juhasz  Bunda,  is  niaile.  In  the  sununer  or 
wet  weather  the  fur  or  woolly  part  is  worn  outside;  in 
NNinter,  when  wiu-mth  is  ro<]uiivd,  it  is  revei-sed:  the  skin 
is  tanned  or  dressed  in  a  way  peculiju*  to  the  country, 
and  decorated  ami  embroidered  in  accordance  with  the 
means  tuid  t;wte  of  the  weiu*er.  In  Spain,  the  lamb  is 
used  for  the  well-known  and  char.icteristic  short  jacktrt  of 
that  country,  which  is  adt>rned  with  tili^Tce  nilvcr 
l)utt<^ns;  the  coarser  kindii  of  both  coloui"s  arc  usimI  for 
our  cavalry,  ami  is  also  emj>loyed  lV»r  mountin;^  and 
bordering  skiiLS,  as  leopards,  tij^ers,  &c.,  for  onianu-ntal 
and  domestic  jMirposcs.  In  the  rci^n  of  ]{ioluu"d  the 
S«'coud,  the  scrj^cant  at  law  wore  a  robe  furivd  inside 
with  white  lambskin  and  a  cape  of  the  same.  J 

rd.  Group  of  Puivwaitzki. 
Hanwtcr. 


5-'. 


*$ 


[The  above  are  from  Russia;    the  fonuer  is  us»'<l  by 


632 


Class  16.— LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

Akkas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  TO  14. 


[United 


ladies,  tho  latter  is  mo^le  into  cloak-liniugfi,  which  are 
exceodingly  light,  durable,  and  cheap.] 

firj.  Group  of  coloured  cat. 
54.         f,        black  cat. 
53.         „         black  Dutch. 
5G.         .,        coloured  Dutch. 


ft 


[The  cat,  when  properly  attended  to,  and  bred  purposely 
for  its  skin,  nupplies  a  most  useful  and  durable  fur;  in 
Holland  it  is  bred  and  kept  in  a  confined  state  till  the  fur 
is  in  its  greatest  p^irfection,  and  is  fed  entirely  on  fish. 
In  other  countries,  and  especially  in  our  ov^-u,  it  is  pro- 
duced in  large  numbers.  The  wild  cat  is  much  larger 
and  longer  in  the  fur,  and  is  met  with  in  extensive  forests, 
particularly  in  Hungor}';  the  colour  is  grey,  siK>tted  with 
black,  and  its  softness  and  durability  render  it  suit- 
able for  cloak  and  coat  linings,  for  which  purpose  it 
is  much  used.  The  black  species  is  also  much  in  request, 
and  similarly  used,  and,  ^ith  the  spotted  and  striped  va- 
rieties, is  made  into  wn4)per8  for  open  carriages,  sleigh 
coverings,  and  railway  tnivelUug.] 

57.  Group  of  English  rabbit,  silver  Rrey,  (Lepns  cnni- 
cttlfis);  presented  by  Her  (trace  the  Du<Siess  of  St.  Albans. 

58.  Group  of  English  black  rabbit  {Lepns  var). 

59.  „  English  white  rabbit. 
CO.  „  English  grey  rabbit. 
Gl.  „  Flemitih  blue  rabbit. 
G2.  „  Polish  white  rabbit. 


it 


[The  English  rabbit,  both  in  its  ^-ild  and  domestic 
state,  abounds  in  such  numbers  that  the  supply  iri  inex- 
haustible: it  was  formerly  employed  to  mnke  the  felt 
bodies  or  foundation  for  the  beaver  hat ;  at  present,  not 
being  used  for  tliat  purpose,  it  is  dressed,  dyed,  and 
manufactured  in  immense  quantities  into  various  useful 
articles.  The  wool  has  recently  been  useil  iu  making 
a  peculiar  cloth,  adapted  for  ladies'  wear.  Tlie  English 
silver-grey  rabbit  wiis  originally  a  breed  peculiar  to  Lhi- 
colnshire,  where  great  attention  was  paid  to  it.  Warrens 
have  since  been  formed  in  various  parts  of  the  country. 
It  is  in  great  demand  in  China  and  Russia,  to  which  coun- 
tries it  is  invariably  expoi-teil,  on  account  of  the  high 
price  there  obtained.  The  white  Polish  rabbit  is  a 
breed  peculiar  to  tliat  countrj*.  The  finer  sorts  of  white 
rabbit  are  much  use<l  as  substitutes  for  ennine.  So 
late  as  the  reign  of  Henry  the  Eighth,  such  inqwrtance 
was  attached  to  the  coney  or  rabbit  skin,  that  the 
charter  of  tlie  Skinners'  Company  sliows  they  were  worn 
by  nobles  and  gentlemen.  Acts  of  Ptu-liament  were  passed 
regulating  their  sole  and  exjwrtation,  which  are  still  in 
existence.] 

63.  Group  of  European  grey  hare  {Lcpm  timidus). 

Seal  {Phoca). 

64.  Group  of  seal,  G>x>rgia,  Siiyttlano  Isles,  Falk- 
land Isles,  Lomar's  Island,  and  Cape. 

65.  Group  of  plucked  and  i>re|)ared  seal,  natural  colour. 
6»».         „         pluckc<l  and  prei«u-t-<l  seal,  d3'e<l. 

67.         „         Greenland  and  NewfinnuUund  seal. 

<'iH.         „         Greenland  and  Newfoundland  seal,  dyed. 

69.         ..         spotted  and  silver  seal. 


ft 


[Tlie  seal  is  an  inliabitant  of  most  countries;  it  is  found 
in  the  high  northern  latitudes  in  immense  numbers; 
ships  arc  purpos^'ly  fittwl  out  for  its  Ciipture;  the  oil  pro- 
duced by  the  animsil,  together  with  its  skin,  render  it 
(connected  as  it  is  with  the  whale  fisherj')  inqiortant  to 
the  trader,  and  interesting  to  tho  naturalist.  The  skins 
ore  salted  and  packe<l  in  casks,  in  which  state  they  ore 
sent  to  this  country;  they  are  then  sorted  and  Belecte<l 


for  various  purposes;  those  suitable  for  leather  pais  into 
the  tanners'  hands,  and  make  a  beautiful  leather,  which  is 
used  for  Lulies'  shoes.  The  blue  bock,  the  hair,  and  the 
silver  seal,  are  dressed  and  used  in  their  natural  state, 
and  also  dyed  and  exported  in  large  quantities.  The 
fur  seal,  the  supply  of  which  is  always  small  ocympaiyNl 
with  the  other  kinds,  umlei^goes  a  prooess  to  prepare  it 
for  its  intended  use.  It  is  brought  at  the  present  time 
to  a  great  degree  of  perfection  in  this  country;  when 
divested  of  tho  long  coarse  hair  (which  protects  it  in 
its  native  element)  there  remains  the  rich,  curly,  mUkj, 
yellowish  down,  in  which  state  it  was  fonnerly  used  for 
travelling  caps  and  other  purposes.  It  is  now  seldom 
marlc  use  of  in  that  state,  but  dyed  a  beautifbl  Vandyke 
broAi-n,  giving  it  the  appearance  of  the  richest  velvet,  and 
is  manufactured,  in  every  ATuiety  of  shape  and  form,  as 
articles  of  dress  for  ladies',  gentlemen's  and  children's 
wear.] 

The  dressing,  preparing,  and  unhairing,  has  been  ef- 
fected by  Mr.  CoUius,  Earl-street,  Finsbury  Square. 

South  American. 

70.  Group  of  chinchilla,  Buenos  Ayres  (Chit^Ula  lani' 
gent). 

7 1 .  Group  of  chinchilla,  Arica  (Chinchilla  Um^ffra), 

72.  Group   of  bastard  chindiilla  or  Lima  {ChiehiUa 

laHi'tjcra). 

[Tlie  chinchilla  is  exclusively  a  South  American  animal, 
and  was  introduced  into  this  country  and  France  about 
forty  years  since.] 

From  the  Tropicff  4'C' 

73.  Group  of  lions  (/V/w /<Y>). 

74.  ,,  royal  tigera  {Felis  titjris). 

75.  „  C?ape  tigers  {Felis  IcojktrdM  Africanm). 

76.  „  leo|)Br(ls  {Felis  Icojtardus). 

77.  „  panther  ^/V/isu/tcu). 

78.  ,,  chdtar. 


>» 


[In  China,  the  mandarins  cover  the  seat  of  justice  nith 
the  tiger.  In  this  country  the  collocation  of  the  leopsRl 
under  the  officer's  saddle  is  a  distinguishing  mark,  adopted 
by  some  of  Her  Majesty's  cavalry  regiments.  In  Austria, 
tlic  small  fine  leoi)ard  is  worn  as  a  mantle  by  the 
llungiunan  noblemen,  who  exclusively  form  the  royal 
hussar  body  guard.] 

79.  Group  of  zebra  {Etpats  zSra). 

80.  ,,         anteltqte  {Antelofie  oreotragui). 

81.  „         black  monkey  {Cohb'u  nrsiwis). 
8*^.         „         ant-QtkUyr  {Myrmecojthiuja  JHbatft), 

83.  ,,        moose  deer  {Ccrvua  aices). 

84.  deer. 

85.  „        Australian  (Dat^urus  vicerrintat), 

8'> .  , ,  Indian  ground  squirrel  {Si^iunupaiwutnm), 

87.  „  flying  squirrel  {Scittrus  jtctaurns), 

88 .  , ,  Angora  goat  ( C ijh\i  h I'/nu). 

89.  „  dyed  Angora  goat,  various. 

[The  Angora  goat  is  produced  in  laiige  numbers  in  Asia 
Minor,  and  is  remarkable  for  its  long,  curly,  rich,  white 
silky  coat;  it  \^-as  formerly  a  most  costly  article  of  ladies* 
wear,  but  is  at  the  present  time  of  little  value.  It  is 
dyed,  and  takes  some  of  the  most  beautiful  and  brilliant 
colours.  It  is  made  into  beautiful  rugs  for 
rooms,  carriages,  &c.] 

90.  Group  of  beaver,  prepared  by  a  new  process. 

91.  „         beaver,  dyed. 

Exhibited  to  illustnito  an  entirely  new  method  of 
preparing  the  beaver,  and  adapting  it  for  general  use. 
Dressed  and  cut  by  Messrs.  Lee  ft  Son»  SonUiwaric. 


KCEODOM.] 


SKINS,  FUR,  AND  HAIR. 
Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


533 


92.  GixMip  of  anhaired  or  pulled  dyed  otter. 

[The  pulled  otter  is  manufactured  by  having  the  ez- 
tanud  or  long  hair  pulled  or  stripped  off,  leaving  the  soft, 
fine  wool  or  down  underneath;  it  is  then  dyed.] 

93.  Qronp  of  dyed  lynx,  see  No.  8. 

94.  „         penguin  {Sjimiscus  aptenodytes). 

95.  „         grebe  (Ptxticfps  cristata). 

pThe  grebe  is  an  aquatic  bird,  inhabiting  most  of  the  lai^ge 
him  in  Europe.  The  choicest  specimens  are  from  Geneva, 
Italy,  askd  Holland.  The  feathers  are  of  rich  white, 
hsrii^  the  appearance  of  polished  silver,  the  plumage 
oo  the  outer  edge  of  the  skin  being  a  rich  dark  brown; 
it  is  naed  by  ladies,  and  forms  a  beautiful  article  of 
drcas;  and  is  worn  as  trimmings  for  the  trains  of  court 
and  drawing-room  dresses,  for  muffs,  cufib,  boas,  &c.  It 
u  very  durable;  the  exquisite  smoothness  of  the  feathers 
prrreDta  its  soiling  with  wear.] 

9*>.  Specimen  of  swan  feathers. 

97.  „  goose  feathers. 

98.  „  eider  down. 

[The  bird  from  which  the  down  is  taken  is  found  in 
lai^  numbers  in  Iceland,  Norway,  Sweden,  &c.,  its 
ei^our  is  dark  grey,  and  its  elasticity,  lightness,  and 
to  wet,  are  prominent  amongst  its  other  ad- 
I ;  it  is  used  for  the  inside  stuffing  of  muffs.  On 
the  Continent,  the  well-known  eider-down  quilts  are 
lai^gely  nsad.] 

99 — 115.  Suits  of  Russia  sable  ;  Hudson's  Bay  sable  ; 
■bletail;  mink;  chinchilla.;  grebe;  sea  otter;  Siberian 
■quiirel,  with  tails;  kolinski;  minever;  ermine;  moleskin; 
natural  beaver;   dyed  beaver;  seal;  swan;  goose  down. 

[The  down  of  the  goose  is  manufactured  by  being  sewn 
on  textile  fikbrics.  It  is  a  specimen  of  Irish  industry,  and 
hafl  been  patronised  and  sold  in  England  extensively  for 
tb»-  li^neBt  of  the  Irif*h  female  poor,  by  whom  it  has 
h^-vu  Di:iile  up.  The  price,  comiwii-eil  with  the  true  swaiift- 
il  »-..  i-*  very  m«>derate.  Being  sewn  upon  clotb,  it  cau 
t*  w^Led.] 

11»'».  Suit  of  En^^linh  silver-Kroy  rabbit;  presented  by 
Hi-r  <Irac«'  the  I>uehei«  of  St.  Albans. 

117.     Suit  of  bliick  monkey. 

ll'*— 14*».  Fur  Boiil  f>ar<lcrtHUfl,  dyed ;  paletot;  paletot, 
tririitu*^!  •♦-ible:  ind^Uyt,  trimmed  mink;  paletot,  trinm]e<l 
TtAhi-^^r:  i«alet«»t.  trimmed  p^cbe;  cloak,  lined  and  trim- 
n»«^l  tnuin*?:  chiM'n  ermine  f>alet*)t;  child's  seal  ptiletot, 
trr:*ni»^l  niinever;  child's  kcjiI  f»svlet<>t,  trimmed  mink; 
r-'--b  »n\t'li  •[)«;;  child's  i*aletot;  childV  jjicket;  ^'entle- 
irifci;"-  c»>at;  yt»unjj  gentleman's  coat;  waistcoat,  double- 
lrt.i#t»d;  waistc<»iit,  »*iiiKlebretu*te<l;  hidy's  Ixmnet;  pen- 
ti'tii-in'-*  "tiKrk  ;  la^ly't*  IhkhI  ;  gentleman's  coat,  natur.U 
<■  I.^ur:  wai;<tci>at,  sinjjjle-breiwted,  uutunU  colour;  wai«t- 
c»-*t.  d'^'iblf-bresiHte*!,  natnnd  colour. 

141.  Tartar  f<W-rtkiu,  lady's  pardessws;  new  design. 

1 ;_',  ,,  gentlemjui'rt  coat 

1 4  ;.  ,,  waistcoat 

1  44,   Mink  huiy's  j»;U"<ie-<j«uA. 

14'.  -  141*.  Civntlrman's  tM»at,  linotl  fur  J»eal;  lined  sable. 
threat  or  irill;  lim'«i  genet;  liue<l  gunet;  lined  North 
An/«-ri':a»n  frrvy  fox. 

1  '»>•.  OeBtleman's  fhubc,  lint'<l  racoon. 

IM.  ,,  limr<l  hl;w'k  iK'ar. 

1.'>J.   G»*ntl«ma2r;»  C'Hit,  lintel  and  i|uilte<l  eider  down. 

1*. ;    Fur  {rl«iv«v».  LulieH'  and  pentlcmrn's. 

I  '-l.    Fur  \**>*ttM  and  •'h'^H's,  la»li«'s'  an<l  gi-ntlmien's. 

I'-.*..   Fnr  travelling'  ch|>s,  hulies'  and  gentlemen's. 

1  >  .   F\ir  covcringn  f.jr  oj*cn  carriiige.-*  and  «lcigh  j.ur- 


f> 


>> 


]  V  A.  BuflEalo  roboi<  or  skiux. 

"n«e  bufflilo  i.>»  killed  in  immen>ic  number«  by  the  Noi-th 
Ax»?r.«.sui  Indi-ui/t,  solely  for  the  t^mgue,  the  skin,  and 


the  bosses;  they  have  a  peculiai*  method  of  dressing  the 
skin  with  the  brains  of  the  imimal,  in  which  state  it  is 
always  imported.  It  has  of  late  years  been  much  used  in 
Europe.] 

157.  Carriage  wrappers: — North  American  grey  fox, 
various,  outside  of  waterproof  cloth. 

158.  Carriage  wrapi)ers: — Black  African  monkey,  out- 
side of  watei-proof  cloth. 

159.  Carriage  wrappers: — African  antelope,  outside  of 
waterproof  cloth. 

1(50.  Carriage  wrappers: — North  American  black  bear, 
outside  of  waterproof  cloth. 

161.  Carriage  wrappers: — Foreign    and    English    cat, 
various,  outside  of  waterproof  cloth. 

162.  Carriage   wrapjwrs: — Silver-grey  English  rabbit 
skin.     The  skins  presented  by  the  Duchc«s  of  St.  Albans. 

16.'^  Cloth  travelling  bag,  lined  and  trimmed  bear 

164.  ,,  lined  grey  fox. 

165.  Fur  table-covers,  various. 

166.  Cigar-cases,  mounted  in  fur. 

167.  Silver  se^  game  bag. 

168.  Fancy  chair,  covei*ed  with  silver  seal. 

169.  ,,  covered  with  silver  seal. 

170.  ,,  covered  leopard. 

171.  ,,  covered  natural  fiir  seal. 

172.  Library  chair,  covered  zebra. 

173.  ,,  covered  zebra. 

174.  North  American  fox  foot  ottomans,  mounted  on 
black  bear. 

175.  North  American  fox,  mounted  as  ornamental  mats, 
rug^,  &c. 

176.  Foot  muffs,  various. 

177.  Cloak  and  coat  linings,  various. 

178.  Ladies'  needlework,  mounted  in  fur;  unique. 

179.  Models  of  muffs,  various. 

1 80.  Rein-deer  hoofs  and  mitts,  specimen  of  Canadian 
Indian  embroidery  and  fur;  presented  by  the  Marquis  of 
Worcester. 

181.  Eider-down  quilt. 

182.  Swan-down  puffs. 

Specimens  of  natural  history,  set  up  to  illustrate  the 

vai'ious  skins. 

183.  Lions,  furnished  for  the  Kxliibitionby  Mr.  Meyer. 

184.  Group  of  leopjutls,  by  Zoologic^d  Society. 
IHT).  ,,  ocelots,  by  Zoological  Society. 
IH'J.  Arctic  wolf,  by  Hu(b^on's  Biiy  Comjiany. 
1H7.  Arctic  blue  fox,  by  Huds«»u'8  Bay  Company. 
Iss.  Group  of  beavers,  by  Ujidson's  Bay  Company, 
iwy.          ,,          otters,  by  the  Marquis  of  Worcester. 
liU).          ,,  polecats,  by  Eju'1  Nelson. 

liJl.         ,,  fox,  by  Manpiis  of  Worcester. 

IMJ.  ,,  grebes,  by  Manjiiis  f>f  Worcester. 

I'.M.         ,,         mu8<in!UKh,  by  Hu(ls«ni's  B;iy  Company. 

1U4.  OrnithorliynciLs,  by  Mr,  Kllis. 

10.').  ,,  lynx,  b}' Hudson's  Bay  Company. 

10'!.  Javanese  musk  deer. 

107.  Group  of  ant^'lopes,  by  Z>nt\o'^icii\  Society. 

108.  ,,  p«»rewaitzka.  by  Zoological  Society. 
100.  Wliite  stone  maitin.  bv  Mr,  Geor-'*;  Smith. 

200.  White  Sil>erian  sijiiiiTvl,  by  Mr.  (Jeorgc  Smith. 

201.  Kur<3pean  bare  and  Tolar  whit<;  ditto. 

2oj.  Head  aud  fore  jwiws  of  royal  tiger,  of  givat  size 
iwiil  beiiutv. 

203.  Model  of  Peeresg,  in  brr  coronatiou  robes  of 
e  ^tiit*.'. 

2"4.  Ladies'  cloaks,  lined  s.iuirrel  lock,  trimmed  with 
l^rey  Siberian  nujuirr^l  with  tailv, 

2o.'>,   La«ly*s  walkin;^  paletot,  line<l  fur. 

2'>o.   Ljuly's  travelling  cl<»ak.  lined  fur. 

2<'7.  Muff  and  1m>:i,  matle  of  the  down  from  the  feathen 
I'fthe  bird  c.illeil  the  eu'ret.  The  e«>stly  n.iture  of  the 
miterial  is  siudi,  and  h^  r;u*ity  so  ^'re.it,  that  thn'e  otln-r 
.<jets  only  have  bei-n  ma«le  diuin::;  tin*  hist  century,  the 
possessni"s  o{  which  are  imperial  and  r<)yal  jhi-oh.i;^',-..*. 
Manufactured  bvMons,Hav,  of  I'.iris,  for  the  exhihiton, 

208.  Group  of  UuHsi;m  .sibles. 


534 


Class  16.~LEATHER,  SADDLERY,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 

Areas  G.  H.  I.  J.  10  to  14. 


[w 


209.  Engliah  badger,  by  the  Marquis  of  Worcester. 

210.  Group  of  heads,   rare   gpecunens   from  Centiul 
Africa,  by  Captain  Bates. 

{See  Mitin  Avenue  West,) 

302  Poland,  Son,  &  Meredith,  52  Bread  Street, 

Cheajviide — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Leopard  heuth-rugs. 
Rugs:  miniature  tigress,  with  two  cubs. 

303  Samson,  Philip,  1  Little  KnUjht  Rider  Street, 

St.  Paul's  Chiun^yard — Manufacturer. 
Fur  articles,  embroidereid  in  chenille,  &c.,  in  floral  and 
iigiured  designs.  Fur  collar.   Fur  and  imitation-fiir  elastic 
cuffs.  

304  Meyer,  P.  &  M.,  Bow  Lane,  City — Manufacturers. 
Dressed,  dyed,  pulled,  and  sheared  English  rabbit- 
skins;  riding  boas,  muffii,  cuffs,  cardinals,  round  boas, 
caps,  and  gloves. 

305  Ellis,  Gborge,  23  Fore  Street — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Boos,  victorines,  muffs,  and  other  articles  in  fur  and 
velvet. 

306  Drake,  R.,  25  Picctdilly — Manufacturer. 
Russia  sable,  spotted  ermine,  and  grebe  muffs. 
Pieces  of  the  spotted    ermine   lining  of  the  Queen's 

coronation  robes;   also  of  King  William  the  Fourth's, 
and  of  King  Qeorge  the  Fourth's. 

Astracan  lamb's  skin :  the  paws  are  used  for  spotting  the 
ermine  lining  of  coronation  robes. 

307  Clab&e,  Robert,  &  Sons,  157  Chcapside — 

Manufacturers. 
Manufactured  fiirs  of  ermine  knd  mink;  cardinals,  muffs, 
boas,  cuffs,  and  gauntlets;  the  same  of  musquash,  natu- 
ral and  dyed. 

308  Callow,  T.,  &  Son,  8  Park  Lane — ^Inventors 

and  Manufacturers. 

Riding  whips,  of  clarified  rhinoceros  hide,  in  various 
colours. 

Riding  and  driving  whips,  with  the  handle  of  hippo- 
potamus leather,  enamelled  green. 

The  rhinoceros  whips  and  the  hippopotamus  leather 
are  stated  to  be  invented  and  made  by  the  exhibitors. 

309  Ince,  J.,  75  Oxford  Street — Manufactiu^r. 
Royal  tiger-skin  rug,  mounted  with  black  bear. 

Two  coronation  ^inine  muffs,  constructed  upon  a  new 
and  improved  principle.  One  is  inflated  with  air,  which 
can  be  immediately  discharged,  and  the  muff  compressed 
to  the  most  portable  size,  when  not  required  for  use,  the 
othjer  folded  up. 

310  Lutoe  &  Parsons,  King  Edward  Street — 

Manufacturers. 

Registered  Princess  Royal,  in  Russia  sable,  American 
sable,  mink,  ermine,  minever,  dunchiUa,  squirrel,  and 
seal  boas. 

A  large  rug,  with  a  very  rare  skin  in  the  centre^  between 
a  leopiud  and  tiger,  surroimded  by  the  Royal  Arms, 
H.R.U.  PriiKie  Albert's  Arms,  and  H.B.H.  Prince  of 
Wales's  Feathers;  all  worked  in  furs. 

810a   Ssuth,  George,  &  Sons,  10  Watling  Street^ 

Manufacturers. 

Muffs,  cardinals,  flat  boas,  riding  boas,  cuffs,  &c.,  in  a 
variety  of  furs,  including  Russian  sable,  Hudson's  Bay 
and  Canadian  martin  or  sable,  sable  tail,  Russian  squir- 
rel, Siberian  squirrel,  chinchilla,  and  fitdi. 

Specimens  of  the  same,  dyed. 

Jl  1  Dick,  A.,  35  Qeorges  Street,  Edmbwyh — 

Manufacturer. 
PUr  hearth-rug,  worked  with  upwards  of  2,500  pieces 
from  different  furs,   comprising  mutiiif   sable,   British 


sable,  real  ermine,  imitation  ermine,  squirrel,  koiirnkf, 
&c. 

312  Garner,  D.,  41  Itnsbury  MarkH--lSMnuhetuTet 

and  Designer. 
Registered  portable  boot-tree,  adapted  for  buttoa-booii^ 
shoes,  &c.,  and  contains  brushes,  blacking,  boot-hooks^ 
boot-powder,  &c.     Boot  and  shoe  lasts. 

313  Hidden,  T.,  88  London  Road,  Soutkwark — 

Manufacturer. 
Leather  buttons,  with  flexible  shanks,  on  an  improved 
principle,  for  boots,  shoes,  and  wearing  sppsreL 
New  leather  beads  of  various  colours. 


314        CoRBT,  J.  &  J.,  Queen  Camel  Sonih,  near 

Sherboume — Produoers. 
Specimens  of  kid  and  Iamb  leather,  curried. 


315  Case,  Charles,  45  Wood  Street,  Chee^pside — 

Manufacturer. 

Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  riding  whips  of  blaf(&  sad 
white  twisted  whalebone. 

Gentlemen's  walking-sticks,  of  black  knotted  wlude> 
bone. 

Gig  whips,  knotted  and  plain,  with  silver  mountiiig. 

316  Marsden,  C,  Waterloo  Houae,  JCingskmd  Soad-^ 

Inventor. 
Patent  ventilating  boots  and  shoes. 


317  Leathart,  Charles,  15  John  Street,  Waterloo  Boad-~ 

Inventor. 
Liquid  hair  dye.     The  effect  of  the  dye  illustrated  by  & 
wig,  in  a  case,  containing  four  shades  of  hair. 

318  Taylor,  T.,  Dwd/m— Inventor. 
Specimen  of  soluble  leather. 

319  Phipps,  W.  D.,  Cadogan  House,  Sloane  Street    . 

Inventor. 

The  Eupadian  registered  elastic  spring  boots. 


320  Hadley,  R.,  72  JTigh  Street,  Worcester-^ 

Improver  and  Manufacturer. 
Ladies'  ornamental  bair,  in  fironts,  bands,  curls,  sod 
plaits.  

321  Mantel,  W.,  Bedford— Deaa^er  and  Manufiurtorer. 
Three  improved  wigs,  and  lady's  head-dress. 

322  Carr,  William,  10  ffatton  Wa//— MsDu&otorer. 
Improved  premier  blacking. 

323  Newoome,  J.,  Swinegate,  Oranthan^—hiyeaior. 
Shoes  made  from  a  new  material. 


323  A  Adoock  &  Co.,  3  Princes  Street,  Catfendish  Square 

Produoers. 

Choice  collection  of  dyed  feathers. 

(Main  Avenue  West.) 

324  Nelson,  J.,  ITollowag — Inventor. 
Boots  warranted  to  wear  in  the  centre  of  the  sole. 


325  Carron,  W.,^  Birmingham — Inventor. 
Patent  clogs.     

326  Essex,  J.,  1  Charterhouse  Lane,  St.  John  Street-^ 

Manufacturer. 

Fancy  lamb  and  sheep-skin  wool  rugs  for  hearths,  car- 
riages, &c. 

Carriage  feet  mu£&;  and  travelling  and  invalid  wool 
boots.  

327  Allin,  W.  S.,  1  Dorset  Mews,  East  Baker  &reet-^ 

Producer. 
Pair  of  boots. 


SKINS,  FUR,  AND  HAIB. 
ArbasG.  H.I.  J.  IOtoU. 


338    Lcrm  4c  Co.,  Kmg  E<biiard  Stnet—ltumtaefarars. 

ikijal  hem  in  RnwiiD  uil   Ameriaiii  aahta,   mink, 
■nuDB,  a^aattr,  tml,  uiJ  ahmdullK. 

lai^  ng  «iu  nu«  akin  in  eentn,  rarroimded  b;  tlie 


— MaDofActurer. 
I  •■«»  Mddla,  or  pg-pad,  by  wliiDli  a  bone'e 
n  ba  coT«rad  iir  tuiema«il  while  aUndlDg,  bj  a 
■ow  «iUc&  U7  <nrer  tlu  dwh*baard. 


X,  a.,  ft  Son*  JVirto  «»(to  /■(*»  omJ 
&iiitr,  ;%^aJ>f— HanofiuiturBra. 
M|n>niMM  <f  lUmnfc  aod  stripnl  luur-neKtias,  Vitriuua 
m1ihu«;  pWn  ntin  and  Unoo  wMp,  Unok,  siid  cotton 
— p.  hlMk. 


WVp.    DMOI. 

ItulJMl  b«*»-l>ui'.  whit«;  South  Amerio*!],  blnoki 

KatoUa  OMid  in  the  nunnfacturp  of  hair  Mating. 

I>  >hr»«  •pimiiiaiu  a  wist;  of  ■'■"T'I'  pMtonui  or  de- 
^pM  B«  iMtTDdnaad,  bv  th«  kpiilicMition  of  the  Juoquurd 
bom,  wd  >l«o  m  diremt;  of  colniin. 

[FWoMrlj  tha  mrpa  for  hatr-aoBting  were  made  exclii- 
dialj  df  Hm*  Jmh,  but  of  lata  yean  oottou  boa  been 

— '— ilj  gwd,  chiefly  for  raport  to  the  United  Statt- 

it  of  iti  aaflDeH,  ai  it  prodticee  cloth  of  n  moi 


e,  and  of  unoother  and  m 


and  oonaiderad  better  mited  to  the  purpoev  of  tufljng 
ttiiui  the  fldirio  made  f^om  liDsn  yam. 

Hone-hair  luitablfl  for  mikiiig  oaloored  aeatinga  roiui 
be  i>ure  Tiiate ;  H  is  aftorwarde  dyed  of  ratioua  ooloon, 
and  of  thia  there  ii  00I7  a  limited  supply.  Some  ilifB- 
Dulty  might  coii>o<jiii!Utly  aiiee  in  procuring;  the  niw 
material. 

Hair-aeating  a  vayea  by  bond.  eTcry  bur  being  intro- 
duced singly.  It  diffbn  in  thia  reii-ect  froiu  oioift  othor 
woven  fabrica.  In  which  thera  it  a  uniform  and  continuout 
supply  of  material,  thereby  permitting  the  npplicstioii  of 
etaam-power.  In  hair-seating,  the  waft  being  in  debuhed 
plecca,  it  boa  boon  found  that  power-toouu  cannot  be  ad* 
vnntfi^eoualy  employed.] 

{FUicfd  ia  Clan  U.) 


331 


McDotroALL,  D.,  /nwrMW— Producer. 
Highland  stalking  boots ;  ond  dreu  ahoea. 


332  Bevikctoh  ft  Hoiwia,  King  William  Slrvel,  Cits— 
Hanufaoturen. 
Sheop-wuol  mats  and  Angola  eoat-mats,  in  great  rarletj, 
plain  and  touay.  for  beoitb-rngs,  carriages,  and  doors, 
tie.  A  variety  of  fuis  in  cardmabi,  mu&,  boas,  riding- 
boas,  and  euffb,  both  natural  and  dyed. 


536  OFFICIAL  ILLUSTRATED  AND  DESCRIPTIVK  CATALOGUE. 


PAPER,    PRINTING,    AND    BOOKBINDING. 


INTRODUCTION. 

r.tPEii  of  even-  <losciiplioii,  ]:rintinR  auil  bookbintling,  with  the  miiicellaneous  nrticlt's  coiiiiccleJ  nitli  corre- 
^•iiiiicnce,  aud  uBcrul  ami  unuuiicntal  statioticr)',  fonii  the  aubjects  of  the  present  ClnsH.  The  iiiaiiuriicture  of 
tbcw  aniclea — niinisleriug  not  to  the  jieriioiial  or  domestic  wautH  of  niaukind,  so  nnicli  iw  to  (licir  iutellvctual 
iciiiirtiut-ntg — is  one  tlii;  annual  iiicreaue  of  wliicli  h  Cf)cxtcn3ivc  witli  tlie  (liffuHJoii  of  kuowlcilge.  Aud  it 
soy  lie  truly  awd,  that,  moraUy  aud  intellectually  considered,  the  present  Class  relates  to  a  species  ofindustty 
ricrdain;:  indirectly  aniorec^ttensive  ioflueQce  over  social  economy  tlian  any  of  those  inlowhich  tht8?]xlii1>itioa 
hu  tje«ii  Hil^vided.  Eookt,  it  liu  been  said,  carry  llie  iiruductioun  of  the  human  miud  over  tbo  whole 
ki-rhl.  Bod  may  be  truly  called  the  raw  materials  of  every  lund  of  science  and  art,  aud  of  all  aocial  ini])rovc- 
ment.  The  Sub-ClassGa  are  as  follows : — A.  Paper  in  the  raw  state  as  it  leaves  the  mill,  such  as  Prowu  i'8i«r, 
Hillbcanlit,  Wntinp,  WritinE.aud  Drawinjj  Pajicrs,  &c. ;  B.  Articles  of  Slationciy,  as  Knvelopca,  I.ace  Pajiers, 
Twicy  I'ajvrs,  Ornamented  and  Cilazed  Pa[)ers,  t-caliug-wax.  Wafers,  Inks  of  all  kindfi,  ftc. ;  C  Pastelioards, 
L'bkLi,  4c.  ;  I>.  Pajier  and  Scalclioard  P^xcs,  C'artonnerie,  &c. ;  B.  Printinf!,  not  includini;  printini;  as  a  fine 
art,  aud  i'riDlin''  Inks  and  Vaniislies  ;  Buokbindiu"  iu  cloth,  velvet,  vellum,  &C. ;  Fancy  Itooks,  Portfolios, 
Ite»k«.  Ac. 

The  imition  occupicJ  in  the  liuildins  is  in  the  North  side  of  the  Western  Main  Avenue  ;  and  the  Areas 
includal  He  F.  27  to  29,  U.  H.  1.  J.  2t>  aud  27.  liathcr  more  than  200  exhibitors  aji^iear  to  represent  this 
Claw  in  its  various  branchca  of  industi^-. 

The  localiliea  from  whence  the  articles  cxhibiteil  have  Iwen  sent  are  nnidi  lew  restricted  than  in  preceding 
CI.iK»fi.  Mnnv  of  the  cxhibiliirs  apj^ar  in  the  enjMicitv  of  |iruducers  of  biii.iU  articles  for  fancv  purjioscs  ;  and 
i,*  tl.i-.>.-irL-..|.uuo»lv  c«i«1>lc  iif  K'in^  maile  at  liniiic,  reqiiiriii;;  taste  and  miutili.'  skill  nilhtr  ilmn  uiutljfluieal 
1--  -T  f.,r  ihrir  niiiuuracture,  the  places  from  whii'li  they  have  Krn  forwarded  for  exhibition  have  not  the  »]  ecial 
iiii-  -i-?t  :jti,iibin;i  to  ;nval  jirrHhiciii;:  towns  or  ritics,  where  thousands  of  iiiiicliiuis  aud  o]ATiitivcs  pre  all  iiccu- 
p;-  '.  ill  ■■iif  iU-|inrtuu.'Ut  of  inHnnfucture,  Proui  the  luetnijolis,  however,  where  a  liir;;c  ileiiiand  for  mich  arlicles 
•■\ift..  il„.  jn-.it  pniiiirliou  oflliem  jin-  derived.  Tjjudoii  also  rejirewntii  umsl  lurj;cly  llie  iiioniioiu'  priii(in«! 
r- -.  11'-.  i  .1  ilii,  CMiiiiirv.  I'.wt  of  thcif,  as  ii|«ciuieng  only  of  single  wiirhn  ran  a].]  ear,  but  a  laint  idea  can  hi- 
l;..i.-  .1  ■.:'.-ii,  \],r  (■^alll^.il^  oshibiird.  hi  oiie  of  the  iirMiteal  establishnieuls  of  the  Metroi-jlis  Uwiilv  ma.  IiIuck 
at,  r-..i,.i.-,„ily  i--ci.i.i.d.  nid.  >■(  which  is  cajaible  of  throwinj!  oft'  from  3,000 to -l.fiOfi  iuii>rtss;<>iis  ]-n  l.mir.  and 
111  .i.|.l.i;..ii  a  l.in;i-  uiiiul-.r  <•(  ]iriii(im;  machini'S  for  line  work  an-  employed.  These  s-rcat  i.riutiii|!  eslablisli- 
I. .■!;•-  ri'-iiiblr  MTV  iliisily  the  larire  iiiaiiufHCtiiries  of  other  dihlricls,  onlv  their  or{;ani7j»t  ion  dillers  wiih  the 
{••'\:..,r  i..iiiire  cf  liir  mannfailiire,  if  the  niwliaiiical  pmliu-tion  of  jiriiiteil  looks  may  lie  wi  lern.eil, 

l"..|-r.  ii."n-  (.■_'i1inialilv  reckoiiiil  niiioii^  manufactures  than  iinntin'.'.  has  a  certain  limitnlion  lo  dislricls 
{■r  I  ..ri'  i:l:tr  kitKtx.  I  'oiiMdemblv  wk  is  ii.ade  in  Kii^dnnd  ihaii  iu  Scotland  or  In-liiud.  Kent  is  cdchrati'd 
f-  ■<-  ti-..-«rilin-  and  draH-in:.jffl|Hrrs.  rn.m  L-^ll(■i.«bi^■,  l!,-rkshin>,  Hm-ford,  and  llerbvsliiro,  ia[.<r>.  of 
v.r ...!.  kiLiU  ati;  «ii|-plieil.  The  iiuantHv  <■(  paprr  iinmiailv  tnanufacHircd  in  Kndaud  two  years  nji.  auiomilcd 
t..  I::-.M:;-<L-,7  lbs.  ;  in  IStl,  it  was  litlk-  ii.oie  than  half  thai  iiuanlitv.  In  If-.'!'.',  it  ^\w  cstiuiHtui  Hial  the 
.,.;, :.!:■-,  iw,l,  if  wnnllv  dividi'J  an.on;;  the  lupulatioii,  v\oiild  bave'W.n  idoul  three  i ouiids  and  three- 
.i...r:.r-r..r..»diin.iivi.inal. 

A  i.ir;.tv..rii,.'il,anii:il  inii.rovemmls.  l..lh  in  tlu-  pro.liirti.-ii  of  j^aperand  in  that  of  prinl.d  I.k.^^s.  lias 
\.-Tt  iMr..iii<-.,.i  ..f  lai...  Ill  tl»'  maimfai-tiire  of  pa]  er  the  sulwliluHon  of  uiatliine  for  band  Uil  .lur  h-M  Urn 
;,:•. ..-1.-I  nith  tb.-  mont  moiiH-nluiis  riMills.     In  1  wi],  tl,.-  priei-  of  a  r,i,iu  of  |  a|  ir  of  a  | avlieular  di «iii>li..n 


I,  tl..-  riii 


I  Kiii-d..ii 


lall.v  in 


nilli..| 


o  I1.». 


Scrbii^'. 


I.- It  ill] 


liil  ai 


II  chei 


«d] 


...l  PR 


(■r<-  f.il 


nd  c 


■-rly 


ii-l  with 
^'lUtiiral  inrtnuiiints.  tin 
I.  .-vid<iir<-  of  Ih-  enomiou: 

:- 7.'Hiyjr.li'lon.',  tlief.lh  .  _. 
•'  a;^i1i(.iiliiiu  of  iiii|>ri>veil  uiacbini 
•At  uiouicbi.    Pnijirfss  is  Etill  iii.i< 
Ifil  aocouul  of  tlie  intrudHction  of 


i-hu-t.  I 

nical  skill  in  its  iri'iamlioi 
iiiwt  rtfnse  mailer  thus  Nr 
en.;tli  of  pa|  cr  |  riKlueeil  b 
L',:.iii')yan!»iM  length. 


H  also  . 


536  OFFICIAL  ILLUSTRATED  AND  DESCRIPTIVE  CATALOGUE. 


PAPER,    PRIXTLNG,    AND    BOOKBlNniNG. 


INTRODUCTION. 

TArtR  of  every  desciijilion,  j^rinlins  and  bookbinding,  with  the  misccllaneouB  ftrtii'lcs  eouiiected  with  corra- 
^■u:i<)eucv,  aiiii  uufful  and  omaiiieiital  statiocicrj-,  fonii  tlie  aiibjeets  of  the  jireecnt  Class.  The  manufacture  of 
tlie«,'  BTticIrs — nimisteriiig  not  to  the  [lersotial  or  domestic  wants  of  mankind,  so  niiich  na  to  their  ioteilectuftl 
rfiuiretucDla — in  oiio  the  aijnual  increase  of  whicli  is  cocxtcnfflve  with  the  dift'uniun  of  knowledge.  Aud  it 
luay  be  truly  najd,  that,  morally  aud  intellectually  considered,  tlie  present  Clflas  relates  to  a  t{iecies  of  industry 
fiercising  iiiiUrtclly  amorecxtensive  influence  over  social  econouiytlian  any  of  those  into  which  this  Ex-bibitJon 
ha*  been  sul^vided.  Books,  it  has  been  said,  carry  tbc  |irodncliona  of  the  bumau  mind  over  the  whole 
vivlil,  and  may  be  truly  called  the  raw  materials  of  every  kind  of  science  and  art,  and  of  all  social  improve- 
ment. The  SuM'lasscs  are  as  follows ; — A.  Tajicr  in  the  raw  state  as  it  leaves  the  mill,  such  as  Urown  I'siiCT, 
Uillboanlii,  Printing,  Writinj:,  and  Drawing  I'apcrs,  4c. ;  B.  Articles  of  Stationer^-,  as  Envelopes,  I jice  Pai-ers, 
Fancy  l'B|vn,  Ornamented  and  <ilazcd  I'ajters,  dealing-wax.  Wafers,  Inks  of  all  kindu,  4c. ;  C.  Pastelwards, 
CanlM,  Ac. ;  I),  raider  and  Scnlelioard  Ik>\es,  Cartotmerie,  4c. ;  E.  Printing,  not  including  iirinting  as  n  fine 
an,  and  I'rintin''  Inks  and  Varnishes ;  Iluokbiudiug  in  cloth,  velvet,  vellum,  4e. ;  Fancy  Books,  Portfolios, 
I^ebk^  4c. 

The  jiowtion  occu]iifl  in  the  Huilding  is  in  the  North  side  of  the  Western  Main  Avenue  ;  and  the  Areas 
iitclDiied  are  F.  27  to  20,  (i.  II.  1.  J.  2li  aud  27.  liather  wore  than  200  exhibitors  api>ear  to  represent  this 
Clan  in  its  various  branches  of  industry. 

The  localities  from  whence  the  articles  exhibited  have  l>cen  sent  are  much  less  restricted  than  in  preceding 
Chs*.-*.  Manv  of  the  exhibitors  »|ij>ear  in  the  cajiKcitv  of  |  rodueers  of  Miiall  articles  for  fancv  irtirjOBi'B  ;  and 
:--  t;^..s.-  an  „l,vit,ii^lv  c.i[>iil-le  ol  Wwi  made  at  hoti.e,  miuiriiig  tiislu  and  minute  skill  mtbcr  il.an  iiiLvlinziiwI 
j..-...r  fi.rib.'irin.iimlacHm-,t!ie  ]iI:icik  from  which  they  have  kvn  f.-nvji  riled  fur  e\hil.itii-n  have  not  1li('H)vdiil 
i;.;.ri>l  .niiiitlrin;^  to  ;:n'al  |ir<>ibuing  (owns  or  cities,  where  thcwminils  of  ninchiuii  and  ii]<Tatives  are  all  ii'eu- 
I'lf!  ii>  I  in-  dij-^irtiiii'iit  tif  ]  null  II  fact  lire.  FnHii  the  iiictni|  dis,  however,  where  a  hir^re  deniaiul  fur  Mich  arlieli'S 
<■\i,-l^.  tlu-  :;rt:il  jiriiii.rtioii  of  ihem  are  deriveil.  Lumlon  aUo  reprewnts  must  largely  the  ennniKPiw  j-rinling 
ri--.ir..-  i.iil.i,  tiiiiiilrv.  lliil  riiihew,  a>i  s|ieciineiiN  onlv  of  single  HOi'ksr-.in  n]pr.eiir,  but  a  faint  idea  can  \v 
1.A :!.!-'!  irr.ii,  ii,i'  e\anl|.|<^  (Aliibitcd.  In  one  I'f  the  greatest  establishments  of  the  Metnijjjlis  twentv  machines 
an-  r..i,si.,i,iiy  .-■eiii.ied.vacli  -f  wj.ieli  is  ea)ialile  of  throwing  off  from  -VW  to4,(iO0  imi-n-ssii.ns  jit  hour,  and 
in  .[■!dit;iri  s  lari;e  iriiiiiluT  ••{  printing  ninehines  fur  fine  work  nK"  enijiloyed.  These  great  ]irinting  establish- 
ni<  III'  r-Htiil-le  vi^ri-  cbis'ly  the  !a^,•e  inHnnracl(iri<'s  of  other  iliMriels,  cliilv  their  or^aniaition  dilfers  with  the 
j'-'T;li»r  luitiire  cf  tlie  niaiiufai-tiin-,  if  the  mwliaiiieal  ])ni<lueliiiii  of  jiriiitrillmilismay  be  wi  leniii'd. 

Pi|>-r.  ui'in-  Ie.'i1iiiiali-lv  reekoiu'il  ammi::  innuufactures  than  pnntiu'.',  has  a  certain  liuiilation  to  dislricls 
f  r  lartirniar  kinds.  CoiisideRiblv  more  iNtiiade  in  Km:lnnd  Hum  in  Hcllland  or  In-laiid.  Kent  is  eelebrat<'d 
f-,-r  its  fi;i.-H riling  and  dr:iwingi.ii[.trs.  Frnm  I.amMsliin-,  l!c-rk«bire,  H.-n-r.inl,  and  IVrLvshire,  jaiers  of 
^  jr..n-  kiiidi.  an.'  sii|.iilif.i.  The  .[iiaiKiiv  c.f  ].:i]<r  aiiiiiiiillv  nianuriictiirtd  in  Kn.dand  two  veamagoan.ounled 
t..  ].TJ.i:;','.';.-.7  lbs.  ;  ill  lf:n,  it  «as  lliil,.  ii,oie  fh.niibiillibiit  Miiiiuiiiv.  Ill  lh;;it,  il  was  estimated  that  the 
.,v..!.ii;v  ,i*.l.  if  c,iMnllv  divided  among  ilie  u.t. illation,  voiild  Lave"U>ni  aloiit  three  rounds  and  thn>e- 
S-...r:.r.r..r™(hindiv  ' 
.fnu^bali 


l>.'i. 


■■■d  of  l:i 


i,.l.'l  «itl  lii,. 


In  the 


[its,  Uilh  in  the  |.roibir 


In 


of  a 


!■  for  hai 
L.r..fap 


iiii,-d  I  coks.  jias 


r  .l.■^. 


■   Im 


ol  i 


iviiii 


■   for 


1.1.  Bwllw  r  ■•.■Ills-  of  iiiTf^iKil  pni.liK-lion  and  oiiiMiniplion  ■ 
*  i-.-  n*.;ard(.->l  as  a  cheniind  tini'lnrt,  as  it  is  eertain  that  a 
."fnllv  <ombiiii-.l  with  iiicelianieal  skill  in  ils  j.njarjtion, 
n.-  haidi-ul  iiisinimeiits,  the  must  refuM-  matter  (bus  Ucom 
■I,  .  1 ;-!.  wv  of  tb.-  eii..rmoiis  lenvlh  of  latvr  i  r.-biTOl  l.v  n 
.-  :-  7.V> yard*  l.m/,  the  oih.r  L'.f.i*)  yar.l,s  in  iciiglh.  " 
i."  ui-|>lie.itioii  of  iijipr 


!'r..gi 


is  »till  II 


>  till:' 


J.l"l  accwul  ofthe  iutroducliou  of  an  culirely 


lew  |.ri 


and  has  Urn  at  tend,  d  «illi  r.siilt.* 
rdinu  I  las-uill  U-  fiMind  11  iM.re 
:  (the  verlicid),  Uie  appliealioii  of 


538 


Class  17.— PAPER,  PRINTING,  AND  BOOKBINDING, 
Areas  F.  27  to  29 ;  G.  II.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


[Ub 


wliich  for  the  rapid  multi])lication  of  news])apcrs  is  extending.  By  this  arrangement,  the  vertical,  the  power 
of  production  is  only  limited  by  the  size  of  the  machine. 

Among  many  interesting  specimens  of  typography,  those  which  exhibit  the  production  of  books  in  other 
tongues,  by  tyi)e  cast  in  England,  will  attract  notice.  The  Holy  Scriptures  are  exhibited  in  one  hundred  and 
fifty  different  languages — ^a  noble  evidence  of  the  highest  application  of  industry  to  the  enlightenment  and 
welfare  of  mankind.     Beautiful  specimens  of  the  bookbinder's  art  are  likewise  shown. 

An  envelope-folding  machine,  placed  at  the  side  of  the  Main  Avenue,  is  a  striking  instance  of  the  successful 
application  of  mechanical  movements  to  the  performance  of  the  most  delicate  and  complicated  actions.  By 
tliis  machine,  which  would  in  strictness  appear  to  belong  to  a  preceding  Class,  the  movements  of  the  hand  of 
the  folder  are  not  only  exactly  imitated,  but  the  result  is  more  accurate  and  certain,  and  the  power  of  pro- 
duction is  very  largely  increased. 

Tlie  peculiar  interest  which  attaches  to  the  objects  in  this  Class,  as  the  most  powerful  agents  in  the  social 
and  intellectual  improvement  of  man,  cannot  fail  to  be  awakened  by  the  most  casual  inspection.  Pai>er, 
))rinting,  and  bookbinding,  are,  however,  only  the  raw  material,  the  application  and  reproduction  of  which  is 
dei)cn(lent  u^wn  the  powers  of  the  mind,  not  on  those  of  matter. — R.  E. 


I  AcKERMANN  &  Co.,  96  Strand — Producers. 

Ornamental  colour  box,  containing  100  cakes  of  colours 
and  requisites,  enamelled  in  gold  and  colours. 

Imperial  scrap  books  and  other  articles  of  stationery 
and  ornament,  mcluding  envelope  cases,  seaweeds,  pole- 
screens,  &c. 

Odoriferous  lighters,  for  conveying  flame  to  candles, 
lamps,  tapers,  cigars,  &c.,  and  by  an  ambrosial  and  sani- 
tary perfume,  refreshing  the  atmosphere. 

Specimens  of  water-colours  on  alabaster,  by  E.  Sant, 
Paris.  

4  Hughes,  Edward,  Greenwich  Hospital  Schools — ^Designer. 
An  improved  map  of  the  British  islands,  on  a  scale  of 

S3(»imo  ^^  ^^^  natural  size,  exhibiting  their  physical  features 
and  political  divisions ;  also  their  pastoral,  agricultural, 
mining,  and  manufacturing  districts  and  fishing  stations, 
with  the  population,  and  industrial  occupation  of  the  in- 
habitants. 

Map  of  Palestine  and  adjacent  countries,  exhibiting  their 
physical  features,  and  illustrating  the  political  geography 
of  scripture  narrative. 

5  Remnant,  Edmonds,  &  Remnant,  Lovelts  Court, 

Paternoster  Row — Manufacturers. 
Books  bound  in  various  styles  of  Morocco,  Russia,  calf, 
roan,  sheep,  and  cloth, 

7  Hawthorne,  James,  77  Charrington  StrectfSt.Pancras — 

Manufacturer. 

An  assortment  of  inks  for  writing,  copying,  marking 
on  linen,  &c.,  with  specimens  of  their  effect. 

Specimens  oi  nut-galls,  broken  and  whole  (Qnerais 
infectoria),  and  of  the  fruit  of  the  Tenninalia  CUcbula,  from 
Bengal. 

8  Evans,  Joseph  S.,  64  Berwick  St.,  Suho — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  bookbinding  m  vellum,  illuminated,  &c. 
Bookbinding  in  leather  stained  by  hand,  in  imitation 

of  various  woods,  and  washable. 

Improved  binding  for  account  books. 

9  FairbairNi  Bobt.,  37  Great  CiiinbriJje  St.,  IlacJmey  Hd. 

— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  wood  type  for  printing,  &c. 

10  Fisher,  Jabez  Henrt,  Xew  North  Road,  Uoxton — 

Inventor. 
Specimen  of  a  bank  note  for  the  prevention  of  forgery, 
piinted  in  a  chemical  water-colour,  from  a  steel-plate 
ongravang,  the  process  producing  two  colours  at  one  opera- 
tion; the  lettering  in  black,  and  the  ornamental  back- 
ground in  a  neutral  tint.  Any  signature  upon  this  note 
cannot  be  erased  without  changing  the  colo\u*.  The  letter- 
press on  the  note  cannot  be  trajasferred  or  copied,  and 
is  printed  on  a  prepared  paper. 

II  Gallard,  W.,  30  Lisstyn  Grove — Designer. 
Portable  composing  frame,  to  provide  temporary  accom- 

motlation  for  cases  at  the  imposing  stone  during  cor- 
rection of  proofo,  or  for  extra  cases  near  the  compositor's 


frame  for  work,  that  has  a  mixture  of  italic  or  other  letter 
with  that  of  the  text. 


12  Gnx,  Thos.  Dyke,  27  Charlotte  Street,  FUzroy  Square 

— Inventor. 
Postage  stamp  expedient,  for  saving  time,  &c. 

14  BiNNS  &  Goodwin,  Bath — Publishers. 

Natural  illustrations  of  the  British  grasses;  illustrated 
with  sixty -two  real  specimens. 

17     Hider,  Elizabeth,  15  Manor  Place,  Kw^s  Road, 
Cticlsea — ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Fancy  floral  paper  for  valentines. 


18  Dean  &  Son,  35  Threadwfedle  Street— VvfAnosn. 
Ornamented  and  illustrated  letter  and  note  paper. 

19  Stidolph,  — ,  2  New  Bond  Street,  Bath — Inventor. 
The  chiragon,  a  hand  guide  for  bl^d  and  tremulous 

writers.     Its  advantages  are  straightness,  equidistaxice, 
simplicity,  and  freedom. 

20  Hughes,  G.  A.,  9  Mount  Row,  Westminster  Road- 

Inventor. 

Machine  for  enabling  persons  bom  blind  to  write  in 
raised  characters  without  using  types.  This  system  is 
well  adapted  for  writing  French,  as  all  the  accents  can  bo 
faithfully  represented. 

Machine  to  write  with  pen  or  pencil  in  skeleton  Roman 
capitals,  which  can  be  r^kd  by  blind  persons  as  well  as 
by  those  gifted  with  sight. 

Machine  to  cast  accounts  and  make  general  arithmetical 
calculations  by  tangible  characters. 

Machine  to  copy  and  compose  music  on  paper.  The 
inventor  is  himself  wholly  blmd. 

Stenographical  treatise. — Embossed. 

First-class  book  and  writing  lessons. — Embossed. 

Musical  notation;  reading  alphabet,  with  examples. — 
Embossed. 

21  Hyde  &  Co.,  61  Fleet  Street — Manufacturers. 
Sealing-wax,  in  combination  with  Rider's  new  mode 

of  taking  impressions  from  stone,  metal,  and  compodtion 
intaglios. 

Solid  India  sealing-wax,  made  hard  expressly  for  nse 
in  hot  climates. 


22  Kino,  Thomas  &,  J.  H.,  4  BartletVs  Buildings, 
Ifolhom  Hill — Designers  and  Manufacturera. 
Specimen  of  a  new  type-music,  in  which  the  various 
pieces  are  combined  on  an  improved  principle,  and  verr 
few  kerned  types  are  required;  accurate  in  its  composi- 
tion, and  equally  adapted  for  simple  or  complex  mufdc. 
The  same  combination,  with  a  new  form  of  note.  Series 
of  chant-music.  Original  design  of  a  series  of  lettersp 
called  arabesques. 

[There  are  two  kinds  of  music  type  in  use;  in  one,  the 
complete  note  is  cast  in  one  solid  piece,  and  in  the  oth«r 
(the  kerned  description)  it  is  made  up  of  five 


CLAas  17.— rAI'EB,  rBINTING,  AND  BOOKBI.NDING. 
Areas  V.  27  to  20 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  21J,  27. 


1  size,  the  sm&llent  beiug 


2-!  Kl«liT,  JOH-I,  in.lConiioiHAwi.?,  iomftrt/i— Producor, 
S|H-cimea8  of  Rplit  paper,   tuid  itn]iroved  method  of 
tui'iiatint;  irooduutH,  fur  Uhutretiiig  tmokn,  fmning,  uid 
■  ithn-jiuqioMa,  uid  for  their  better  praaerviitioii. 

]^Tbe  method  of  splitting  p&per  of  tlie  tliiiuieitt  toiture 
I^  citremel;  nmple.  Two  piecsa  of  calico  nre  firmly 
c-eiuentwl  uo  the  iiideB  of  the  paper,  and  dried.  By  a 
tKDtle  jiull  na  each  aide,  the  p^>er  splita  into  hnlvex,  one 
i>f  vhich  adheree  to  the  calico  on  one  aide,  and  the  other 
to  ita  o]>poaita— the  adhesiaa  between  the  paper  and  the 
talico  being  greater  than  that  of  the  Burfacea  of  the  paper 
tv  each  other.  The  aplit  portious  may  tbeo  be  removed 
by  damping,  aod  so  looaemng  the  paate  betvoon  the 
calico  and  p^wr.  A  bank-note,  although  of  extremely 
thin  t«xtai«,  cu  in  thia  fray  be  aeparated  into  two 
balTB,  on  one  of  which  remains  the  impression  of  the 
plaU,  whila  tha  other  is  blank.— It.  E.] 

24    Ltuattos,  J.  A  J.,  40  BrrTcr  St.,  Golilm  Spiare— 
Producers. 
SpaeimMU  of  bookbinding  and  proceaaoa  connected  with 
it,  ^m  iImIjtii  \>g  Luke  Limaer;  produced  by  hand. 


King  William  the  Fourth'^  royal  Bible,  boimd  in  mo- 
rooon  by  tho  eihibitora,  from  a  design  by  Ltikw  Limner. 
Of  thin  aplendid  eiUtion,  tho  first  proof  sheet  was  struck 
Qfi'byhis  lute  MAJority.  The  sides  are  onuuntnted  witb 
royal  ombloius,  Sk.,  and  tho  cliutpa  composed  of  cnblus 
and  anchoni,  in  honour  of  the  sailor  king.  The  back,  en<1, 
and  fore-edge,  are  shon-n  in  reflectors  at  the  Exhibition, 
This  Bible  is  represented  in  the  accompanying  Plato  44. 

tSpecimen  of  mending  and  fiic-eimile  ;  portions  of  this 
leat^having  beun  destroyed,  the  paper  is  joined  and  the 
printing  restored  with  a,  pen.  Imitation  of  old  Kponisb 
printing,  done  with  a  pen,  in  imitation  of  Faiurdo's  type, 
ofl^ville,  about  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
being  the  aupprcssod  "  pi-ologo"  to  that  exceedingly  rare 
book,  "Arte  de  la  Pintuia  por  Francisco  Pachoco,"  taken 
from  Cean  Bennudcs,  and  got  up  to  match  tbe  book. 

photogmpbs,  from  coppor-plates ;  for  completing  rare  im- 
perfect books. 

Specimens  of  paper  from  which  ink  and  other  staitw 
have  been  in  part  extmcted. 

Specimens  of  Bplit  pajwr,  useful  for  removing  Ictter- 
prcas  from  the  backs  of  engravings  and  wood  cuts. 

Brisht  gold  margiu  lines,  applied  to  picture  mountiDg. 

Eight  eianiplea,  showing  the  process  of  binding  nbook. 

Blotting-books  omniuenteil  with  the  co[iimemomtiun 
shiulduf  the  (iroat  Exhibition,  inolectrotype,  by  ElkingtoQ. 
This  shield  is  sbon-n  in  the  accompanying  cut. 


540 


Class  17.— PAPER,  PRINTING,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Areas  F.  27  to  29  ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


[UxmED 


20  Macomie,  Alexander,  &  Co.,  6  Percy  St.,  Bedford  Sq. 

— Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  pulpit,  family  Bible,  and  other  binding, 
and  table  clock  case. 

Gottfried  Weber's  "  Theory  of  Musical  Composition," 
2  vols.,  8vo,  edited  by  John  Bishop;  exhibited  as  a  spe- 
cimen of  bookbinding,  and  of  letter-press  and  music  print- 
ing by  moveable  types ;  also  an  illustration  of  the  several 
industrial  arts  employed  in  its  production. 


27  Mansell,  Joseph,  35  lied  Lion  Sqfjtare — ^Designer, 
Manufacturer,  and  Proprietor. 
Specimens  of  ornaments  used  for  decorating  linens, 
muKlins,  damasks,  brown  Hollands,  woollen  cloths,  &c. 
EmboHse<l  and  perforated  Bristol  boards  for  drawings, 
and  ilhmiinated  for  show  cards,  &c.  Paper  embossed, 
and  in  imitation  of  lace,  &c.,  and  other  ornamental  sta- 
tionery.    Envelopes  and  cards,  embossed  in  silver. 


29  Martin,  J. — Patentee. 

Waterproof  jwipor,  rendered  so  by  a  newly-invented 
kind  of  size.  The  paper  manufactured  by  Mr.  Pearson, 
Branthwaite,  Cumberland. 


31  Parsons,  Fletcher,  &  Co.,  22  Bread  Street — 

Manufacturers. 
Printers*  inks. — Black,  for  wood-cuts,  book- work,  ne\n-8- 
papors,  and  posting  bills.     Coloured,   for  printing  pla- 
cards, &c. 

32  Penny,  H.,  11  Old  Bailey — Manufacturer. 
Metallic  pocket-books,  with  pencils  composed  of  various 

metal.     The  writing  cannot  be  obliterated  by  the  friction 
of  the  leaves,  or  by  the  use  of  India-rubber. 


33  PiNCUKS  &  Co.,  27  Oxauhn  Street — Manufticturers. 

Illuminated  note  paper,  and  envelopes  of  various  hei-aldic 
devices.  Specimens  of  stamping  in  relief  on  envelopes 
and  paper;  of  stamping  in  surface  or  cameo;  and  of  the 
registere*!  purse  envelope. 

W.  Smith's  improved  stamping  press. 

Me<lal  dies,  with  the  collars  and  tools  used  in  the  manu- 
factiu*e  of  medals,  including  a  matrix  and  punch. 

J^utton  dies,  and  military  ornament  dies. 

Viu*io»ii*  impressions  from  dies  and  seals. 

Ri^;i:istei'e<l  chessmen,  in  Jennons  &  Bettridge's  papier 
niiiche,  gold  and  silver.  Alphabet,  in  papier  nuich<5  and 
metal. 

34  RoYSTON  &  Brown,  40  oml  41    Old  Broad  Street — 

Manufactuitirs. 
Specimens  of  ledgers,  journals,  and  cash  books,  in 
various  bindings.  A  book  of  pi'ei)ared  copying  paper, 
bound  in  morocco,  with  index,  and  paging;  made  with 
lock  and  key,  for  a  copying  press.  A  book  of  short 
guards,  made  of  adhesive  paper,  for  securing  the  copies  of 
letters,  or  other  documents. 


35  Sapsford,  Newman,  17  Kirbt/  Street,  llottondarden — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  book-binding. 


3<)  Saunders,  T.  H.,  QueniMtltr,  and  Dartford,  Kent — 

Miumfacturcr. 

Stroma  parchment  paper  for  government  loans,  shares 
in  biuik-s.  railway  mines,  and  public  com]>anies ;  also 
adapted  for  envelopes  for  foreign  despatches,  and  a 
variety  of  other  puri>ose8. 

Bank-note  papers,  plain  and  coloured,  of  strong  tex- 
tu!*e,  with  a  variety  of  water-marks,  t«^  i)revent  fraud. 

Si>ecimcns  of  a  new  method  of  making  paiwrs  with 
water-marks  of  an  elaborate  ^md  complicated  design. 

White  and  coloui-ed  safety  paper  for  l>ankers*  cheques, 
letters  of  rrodit,  ^c,  detecting  the  removal  of  writing  by 
any  oiKinical  :i;^ent. 

Gliids  tnuisj>iii*ency  to  show  the  water-maiks  in  jxiper. 


37  Saunderson,  C,  Kilbuni  Lodge,  Kilbitm,  MMletex — 

Proprietop. 

Map  of  Ireland,  engraved  on  copper,  by  John  Dower, 
showing  the  provinces,  counties,  cities,  county  and  mar- 
ket towns,  with  distances  from  Dublin,  &c.  With  two 
illustrations  from  drawings  made  expressly  for  the  map, 
and  engraved  upon  steel,  by  J.  C.  Armitag<B;  contained  in 
a  wooden  map-case,  carved  in  ivy  and  shamrock  leaf,  with 
a  centre  shield,  by  George  Howton. 

The  impressions  from  the  steel  plates  are  taken  upon 
China  paper  and  transferred  to  the  spaces  left  on  the  map 
for  their  reception. 

38  ScHLESiNGEB  &  Co.,  8  Old  Jetcry — Inventors. 
Registered  metallic  memorandum  books,  with  newly 

invented  flexible  backs,  in  morocco,  mssia,  and  other 
materials,  to  admit  many  documents.  Variety  of  port* 
folios,  music-folios,  wallets,  and  pocket-books,  of  the 
same  construction.  Patent  letter-clips.  Registered  parallel 
rulers,  by  which  paper  is  ruled  either  witii  ink  or  pencil, 
in  a  shorter  time  than  with  common  rulers. 


40  SiLVERLOCK,  H.,  3  Wanlrohe  Terrace,  Doctors*  CommonM 

— Designer. 
Specimen    of   letter-press    printing   from    stereotype 
plates  of  medallion  engraving  and  machining,  intended  to 
combine  the  effect  of  copper-plate  engraving  with  the 
cheapness  and  rapidity  of  letter-press  printing. 

41  S3iITn,  Jeremiah,  42  Bathbone  Place — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Adhesive  envelopes  (requiring  neither  ^"ax  nor  wafer), 
and  note  and  letter  papers,  embossed  with  emblazoned 
anns,  crests,  mottoes,  initials,  &c. 

DomWs  patent  tracing  and  writing  cloth,  for  engineers, 
surveyors,  architects,  and  others. 

Papers. 

[In  the  interesting  collection  of  papers  in  the  Exhi- 
bition, from  various  pa|)er-mills,  there  are  groups  whose 
degrees  of  excellence  must  be  estimated  by  very  diflferent 
standards ;  as,  for  instance,  the  brown  wrapping  and  the 
fine  hand-made  <lrawing  papers,  the  sugar  and  the  fine 
printing  papers,  the  bibulous  plate  paper  for  engrravers' 
Uf*e,  and  the  hai-d  sized  \vTituig  pai>ers.  Collectively  it 
exhibits,  at  one  view,  the  various  qmdities  which  are 
sought  for  by  English  consumers,  and  which,  in  many 
i-e^pects,  differ  from  those  required  by  our  Continental 
neighbours ;  as  an  example,  may  be  quoted  the  substantial 
Knglish  writing  papers  and  the  thin  post  papers  of  France 
and  Belgium,  whose  different  qualities  arise  from  the 
difference  of  postal  regulations  in  those  countries. 

The  system  of  producing  paper  in  continuous  lengths 
by  machinery'  was  first  introduced  by  Messrs.  Fourdrinier 
into  this  country,  they  haWng  purchased  the  patent 
right  of  Mr.  Gamble,  who,  in  1804,  obtained  permission 
fi*om  the  French  Government  to  bring  to  England  a 
model  of  a  machine,  invented  in  1799,  by  Louis  Robert, 
who  was  then  employed  in  the  jMper  works  of  Essonne. 
Tliis  machine  of  Mr.  Roberts  ^*a8  essentially  imperfect, 
l>ut  it  was  brought  to  a  state  of  great  perfection  for  Messrs, 
Fourdrinier,  by  the  ingenuity  of  Blr.  Bryan  Donkin; 
upon  this  has  been  founded  the  varions  descriptions  of 
paper-making  machines  which  have  since  that  time  been 
introduced.  They  consist  essentially  of  contrivances 
by  which  the  paper  i>ulp  is  made  to  flow  on  the  surface 
of  an  endless  wire  web ;  a  rapid  up  and  down  motion 
being  given  to  it  for  the  purpose  of  shaking  the  water  out 
of  the  pulp,  and  thus  producing  a  complete  interweaving 
of  the  textile  filaments.  The  continuous  roll  of  paper 
thus  fonjied  is  turned  off  upon  a  second  solid  cylinder, 
covere<l  with  felt,  iq>on  whicli  it  is  condensed  by  a  third, 
iuid  eventually  delivei'cd  to  drying  rollers. 


8  17.— PAPEB,  PRINTDra,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Abeab  p.  27  to  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


Sndiih  filtering  p^wr  u  made  with  pure  mter,  uid  ia 
tnora  trre  bom  iropnritr  than  an;  other;  this  is,  in  &ct, 
(Huv  oeUulow,  tad  fields  oalj  hiUf  >  per  ceot.  of  uh  on 
tnciiierMioii.  l^d  papera  nre  thone  wiUi  a  ribbed  aurfaca ; 
Wore  pi^wn  thoM  with  a  uniform  «ur£kaB.  Blue  pupere, 
taader  the  miorgacope,  no  laDger  Bp|>eu'  of  unifonu  tint, 
on  the  oonttar;  the  particles  of  culour  are  icon  widol; 

a  the  pulp  in  ita  vKrioiis  Btagea  of  pro- 
it  nuf  be  stated,  that  Dumeraua  attempts  hiiTe 
bam  made  to  nnplo;  other  fibra,  bemdes  those  of  cotton 
and  lUx,  in  themanuIactaTeof  paper;  for  [oetuuce,  straw, 
iMp-biDa,  )^i— uu,  refuM  of  sugar  cane,  wood  shavings, 
Ae.;  and,  although  p^ier  has  been  jiroducod  from  these 
liMlMlsIi.   je^  commercial)/,  the  attemple  have  beeo 


Satqoined  an  the  principal  dmc  of  writing  paper  i 
£ngli«b  incbM,  and  in  I'rench  centimetrm,  to  the  naarcs 
uiltiiitttn,  or  tenth  of  a 


AtU*     .     . 

.    w   xae 

086-4  X  066 

Colomlner  . 

.3*4X2^ 

087-6  X  0:i9 

Impen.1      . 

.    30   xaa 

076-3  X  05i 

E3epbmt    . 

.     28     X2'J 

071-1  X  0,-.8 

SupCTroyJ 

.     27    X  19 

0ti8-6  XU48 

Br.yJ    .     . 

061-0  X04H 

X«lium      . 

.     23     Xl-J 

U,-,5-9  X  0+4 

Itonr    .     . 

.     20    X  l.'fj 

0.-.O-B  X033 

Un!«po.t. 

.     21     X  161 

OiJ-3x  043 

Rmalt  i>art  . 

.      19     X  151 

o*8-y  X  o:>y 

FwUoap     . 

.      Ifi-iXl^li 

Wl-9  XUM 

W 

D.  I,.  R.  and 

SncB  BaoTueas,  Xem  ISfH-ji  Stivet,  fxnidM- 

WholeMie  and  Kxiurt  Stationers. 

l-Atsr  tinm  laid  }iia1,  Viuimis  llil>.'kna;UiM. 
l.ujr  yulli'W  wov.-  [Ait,  mrioiu  lhic<kni<H<uH. 
Iju-m  i'lue  Uiil  )>Mt,  Titri-iiiit  Ihii'kiKwin. 
l^TitK  I'Uia  «->ve  j»Mt.  voriniui  t)iii'kue.<Hi.'H. 
SiilJI  (.tv-uu  l.iid  p'ii4.  vnriiiUB  thii'kuoivisi. 
Sui.ill  cnniu  Wivc  p'vt,  viirinus  Iliii-kui'iuUM. 
Siuill  T<-ll'jw  wuvupont.  v.irimis  tliiclEUtiwuii. 
'  "  ■    w  thii-kuw:«;K. 


M^h':: 


"I-" 


IS  (hiuknu< 
riniu  tliickuesBr 

irioiis  tliickiiew 


'e  bank  poat, 

Siij«itiae  lull  imjieriiil, 

:>rij«>rfine  laid  royal,  rn 

Sii|-«rtiuir  laid  ileiiiy,  voriuus  tliitltUCHSfs. 

.HiiiflxtiDe  Lud  focrfica]!,  varioiiH  <liii;kui!iut-'i. 

SN|icrliiM  wore  fuulmnip,  v;iriiiu«  thii-luii->iHiiii. 

■■-ii[*rfiiie  JainT,  variuun  Diickiunwcn. 
Sujwrfiui  niyal,  various  Ihitkiu'WKH. 

Siii^rliop  ihMible  demy,  vnrioiw  thii'kncw«<>ii. 

."'ii|'-rliii«  di.iilile  fiNiL«ii|i.  T.iriiniii  tbiikm-^iti. 

.-•  ij«-r1iiw  dfiiiblit  tTuwn,  variriiiii  lbLi;k.iii.-i««-«. 

Tl.— «  an-  ii'«il  fiiT  oidiium'  |irintiiitr  ]-iit]>iHiw,  rrumtbi- 
t:!—-  .i.tlr  f•>lil^  d-iwn  t>i  tliu  dHMti-tt  tnu.-t. 

Fiv  !ii-l  Drws,  rariuiui  Ihiikni-wiiw. 

KiTi>'  ii.iir  QEwa.  vartuun  lbii.'kn<--u>»s. 

n..-^  *n-  .■shiWte'l  of  dilTuivnt  nio',  iu  wtU  m  tUii'k- 
iH-*-^.  f..r  ntn"i«|«-r  iiuri«i«'*. 

K'D->  'i-a^f  el^iliUit,  i'^  inchi-a  wiile,  in  a  uliri't  of  ':••< 

Y  -,-  .l...:l.p  i-l.'1'hniit,  4.1  inihra  wiil.'.  in  .nu-  »lic.-l  .il 
^  '-  \jf\'  in  1uii;Tlh,  fur]iii]icr'ptaliiiii^',  dEL-ui-.ttiuiiii,  and 
art.-t>'.'-il  I'UrinMC^ 


Long  eiophant,  '23  inches  wide,  in  sheota  of  1 3  jnrda, 
for  paiier.hongings,  of  various  qualities. 

Brown  papers  of  nu-ious  sizes  and  thicknesses,  made 
from  pure  rope,  and  especially  intended  for  packing 
purposos. 

A  sheet  of  brown  paper,  93  inches  wide,  420  feet  long. 

[The  introduction  of  machinery  into  the  manufiteturo 
of  paper  alone  could  have  produced  a  continuous  sheet  of 
the  immense  length  and  breadth  dceoribed.  In  the 
proceeaes  by  which  machine-paper  ia  made,  there  sppean 
no  more  difficulty,  in  consequence  of  the  oontinulty  of 
the  manufacture,  iu  making  a  sheet  of  an  indefinite  length, 
than  in  making  one  of  u  few  feet;  and  if  a  supply  of  pulp 
could  be  furnished,  the  machine  might  produce  a  cot)' 
tinuoua  sheet  sufficiently  long  to  encircle  the  world.] 

Buckinghamshire  and  Scotch  millboards,  for  book- 
binding, portfolios,  tmys,  winters,  or  japanned  good^ 
trunks,  steam-ptpe  joints,  boxes,  oases,  gun-wadding,  &c 

4'2a   Jotnsom,  Willia»,  iV.  Itary  fVoy— Monufucturer. 
Sxtn  Sapcrjine  Writing  Paptrt, 
Large  blue  wore  poet,  23  lbs.  per  ream. 
Large  blue  wove  post,  19  lbs.  per  raun. 
Large  blue  wove  post.  17  lbs.  per  ream. 
Large  blue  laid  post,  23  11m.  per  ream. 
Large  blue  laid  iiost,  19  Iba.  jier  ream. 
Large  honk  post,  5^  lbs.  per  room. 
Large  bank  poat,  7  Iba.  per  ream. 
Large  bank  post,  10  lbs.  per  ream. 
Medium  bonk  post,  8  lbs.  per  ream. 
Loi^  cream  lud  pout,  19  lbs.  per  ream. 
Lai^  cream  laid  poet,  S3  Iba.  per  ream. 
Small  cream  laid  post,  17  ll>s.  per  ream. 
>SniaU  creain  laid  piK>t,  31)  IIm.  per  ream. 
SqulU  GPunm  laid  pont,  34  Iba.  per  ream, 
Sumll  cream  laid  post,  2.'i  Iba,  per  ream. 
Small  blue  laid  post,  17  llw.  per  ream. 
Small  blue  laid  post,  10  Iba.  per  ream. 
Blueliudriolscnp,  I.",  llw.  p^r  rcim. 
Crwiiii  Imd  fi...lBi':ip,  l.-i  lbs.  per  ream. 


4+     TiioMJW  A  Sons,  ■.;"  e'wvi/..//— Slunufnctun 
U-rltn-m.  Htbw    foli.i,  niid  private  Iwlgei-s  ii 
.-.i;.,.-i.udl,in.liiig-. 


LiXllliHl  dr. ■■      ■ 

nf  p«,«.-r,   niil     ■       .; 
bo.inls,    r..iii!li     'i    1    -i  ■ 

caiiis.  '      ' 

'    ...pr-.i'nl  of  three  shiwlH 

1        :  iLiruli;.     Itural  druM'iu^ 

■h    -iilnv.      Coloiirctl  crByiiii- 

■MiA  Mumllt  surfaco.     Dirvclioi 

4li   Watehluw  k  SoMH, 

iG  /."«■("«  U'lH-Monufoetun-n. 

C.nuplct..    <^t    of  i«TO 
Suiiieroui'  lUliuloa  of  gi-ii 

int  buokx,    with    [utcut  backH 
i-J  BtiHioncry. 

l.,.t   tlirir 

-l^ 

fri.Mids  «1 

4rt     WciTLFr 

Jo 

S,*c]ij,, 

;.:," 

air. 

!""i'',k''i 

bWiLS  i. 

■xli 

■iui 

542 


Class  17.— PArER,  PRINTING,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Areas  F.  27  to  29  ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


[United 


49      Whitakek,  Robkrt,  13  and  14  Little  Britain — 

Manufacturer. 
Playing-cardB,  the   backs  euamelled  and  ornamented 
in  gold  and  colours. 

51    Whiteman,  F.  J.,  19  Little  Queen  Street,  Ifoibom — 

Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  improved  perforated  plates,  for  marking 
linen,  and  other  articled  with  indelible  ink. 

Specimens  of  marking  on  satin,  with  permanent  ink. 

The  plates  are  engraved  and  prejiared  by  a  peculiar 
process,  and  will  not  decompose  any  of  the  materials 
that  may  be  used  with  them.     (//»  North  Gallery,  F.  18.) 


52         WiDSALL,  George  Frederick,  6  Harrow 
Road,  Padiltn^jton — Inventor. 
Railway,  omnibus,  and  toll-bar  pocket-book  and  purse. 


53      Williams,  John,  29  Bucklershury — Manufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  ledgers. 


55  Arliss  &  Tucker,  15  Fnth  Street,  Suho — 

Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Exterior  and  interior  views  of  the  building  for  the  Ex- 
hibition of  1851,  showing  the  application  of  printing  to 
tinfoil  and  other  metallic  substances. 


56      Atkinson,  William,  LumVs  Pasaaje,  Fiiish\wy 

— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  dyed  and  embossed  calico,  for  bookbind- 
ing purposes. 

59  Batten,  David,  CInphitm  Common — 

Manufacturer. 
Guard  books,  and  specimens  of  bookbinding. 


GO  Benner,  Dr.  W.,  B.A.  Cheyne  Ifonse,  Cttlleyinte  School, 

Chebca — Inventor. 

Complete  phonological  English  alphabet,  constructing 
self-pronouncing  words  \*ith  the  proper  orthography. 

Mechanical    syllabicator    and    model   mechanical    in- 
structor. 

61        BiNOLEY,  Mark,  10  Lmrrence  Ponntney  Lane 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Patent  headbands  for  bookbinding,  made  by  machine, 
in  lengths  of  several  yartls. 


62  Bone,  William,  &  Son,  7G  Fleet  Street— 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  bookbinding  in  cloth ;   and  in  cloth  and 
morocco,  showing  the  present  state  of  the  art. 


63  BoWDEN,  G.,  1  Little  Q^ieen  Street,  Holbomr- 

Inventor  and  Manufiicturer. 
Registered  artist's  economical  desideratum,  having, 
when  closed,  the  appearance  of  a  small,  neat,  flat  case, 
with  a  light  waterproof,  or  fancy  leather  cover;  but  when 
opened  it  will  be  found  to  contain  an  improved  seat, 
with  apparatus  for  holding  the  "  desideratum,"  and  the 
necessary  requisites  for  an  artist,  either  in  sketching,  oil 
painting,  or  water-colour  drawing. 

64  Bretnall.  Thomas  Davis— Manufacturer. 
Patent  {taper  cloth,  made  transparent  for  tracing  maps, 

plans,  engineering  and  architectural  drawings,  ^c.  In 
rolls  of  100  yards  long  by  4o  inches  ^ide,  ^^ithout  fold  or 
joint.     The  same  not  transparent. 

The  surfsice  is  applied  to  and  incorporated  with  the 
cloth  during  the  process  of  its  manufacture. 


65  Cahn,  David,  16  Wilson  Street,  Finshury — 

Manufacturer  and  Importer. 
Vino  and  ivory  blacks,  for  c»>pper-plate,  letter-press, 
and  litho^ap}iic  printers,  dyers,  jaiwnnen*,  pajter-stjiinei's, 
and  cuniei'H. 


66     Candt,  T.  H.,  Kin^8  College,  Strand— Jnymtar  and 

Proprietor. 
Map  of  the  globe,  intended  to  illustrate  a  neur  method 
of  terrestrial  delineation.    The  peculiarity  conasta  in  all 
the  meridians  being  of  the  same  length,  and  all  the  paral- 
lels of  latitude  in  their  true  proportion. 

[The  above  map  is  drawn  upon  a  modification  of  that 
which  is  termed  the  conical  projection. — J.  O.] 


67    Churton,  Edward,  26  Holies  Street — ^Designer. 

Specimens  of  bookbinding ;  each  work  ornamented  ac- 
cording to  the  era  or  the  subject  of  whidi  it  treats. 


68  Clarke,  J.,  61  Frith  St.,  Soho  Square — Manufacturer. 
Various  specimens  of  bookbinding. 

69  CnssoNS  &  Co.,  51  BunJiiU  Bow — Mannfarturers. 

Bookbinders*  cloth,  dyed,  embossed,  and  finished  by  the 

exhibitors.  

71        Clements,  J.,  21  &  22  Little  Pultenty  Street, 

Golden  Square — Inventor. 
Material  for  bookbinding,  or  other  purpooea  wliera  plain 
or  ornamental  surfaces  are  required.. 


73  Cooke  &  Sons,  84  Cannon  Street — Manufkofeorera. 
Coloured,  embossed,  and  transparent  sealing-was,  with 

impressions.  

74  Cruchlet,  George  F.,  81  Fleet  Street — ^Dengnar. 

A  large  map  of  England  and  Walesi  coosiating  of  65 
sheets,  each  24  by  19  inches,  at  two  miles  to  the  indi 
^half  the  scale  of  tne  ordinary  maps). 

Maps  of  Europe  and  the  world. 

Map  of  London  and  environs,  which  illustraftea  to  tlia 
extent  of  six  miles  round  St.  Paul's. 


76    Be  la  Rue,  Thomas,  &  Co.,  110  BtmhiU  J?ok> — 
Manufiu^turers  and  Proprieton. 
Envelope -folding  machine,  inventeid  by  Edwin  Hill 
Warren  De  la  Rue. 

[The  following  is  the  action  of  this  machine.  The 
feeding-boy  places  the  previously  cut  blank  enrelopeB 
on  to  a  small  platform,  which  rises  and  falls  in  the 
rectangular  recess  fonncd  by  the  C}-lindrioal  azea  of 
the  folders  (shown  open  in  the  engraving) ;  the  bear- 
ings of  the  foldera  serving  by  their  elongation  to  guide 
the  envelope  into  its  place  at  the  moment  of  the  small 
Ijlatfttrui  falling.  A  plunger  now  descends  and  croases 
the  envelope  by  carrying  it  between  the  folder-axea, 
at  the  same  time  turning  the  flai)s  upwards  in  a 
vertical  direction:  the  plunger,  which  descended  as  a 
whole,  now  di\'ides  into  two  parts,  the  ends  rising  and 
the  sides  remaining  down  to  hold  the  envelope  until  the 
end -folders  have  operated;  these  latter  turn  over  the 
flaps,  the  one  on  the  right  of  the  feeding-lad  taking  a 
slight  precedence,  and  being  closely  followed  by  the 
gumming  apparatus,  which  takes  gum  from  an  endless 
blanket  working  in  a  trough,  and  after  applying  it  to  the 
two  end  flaps,  retires,  at  the  same  time  the  remuning 
half  of  the  plunger  moves  upwards,  to  allow  of  the  side 
folders  turning  over  the  remaining  two  fli^is,  the  folder 
nearest  the  feeder  taking  precedence.  During  these 
operations,  the  end-folders  have  remained  at  rest,  and  the 
whole  four  open  simultaneously.  The  taking-off  appa- 
ratus, with  its  Angers  tipped  with  vulcanised  caoutchouc, 
now  moves  forward  over  the  folded  envelope,  whicli  ia 
lifted  upwanls  by  the  rise  of  the  snudl  platform  and  re- 
treats with  it,  placing  each  envelope,  as  it  is  successively 
folded,  under  those  which  have  preceded  it.  The  enve- 
lo|»o.^  arc  now  knocked  over  on  to  an  endless  blanket,  and 


Class  17.— PAPER,  PKINTING,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Amas  p.  27  to  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


■re  conducted  by  it  betwaeu  two  cjlinden  for  a  fiiuJ 
•qiweaa.  and  then  riwi  in  a  pile  up  the  trough,  leeri 
■IjuAit  the  riglit  arm  of  an  attendant,  who  ia  repnaented 
in  the  cngnTing  ■•  fetching  *wa;  the  folded  work. 
Thnv  ia  a  proviiion  in  the  mactuiM  by  which  the  gummer 
ia  prercnted  placing  gum  upon  the  platform,  in  caa 
faader  ODiita  fnding  in  an  envelope.  Thia  machine  worlu 
at  the  rate  of  2,700  flnvelope*  per  hour,  and  although 
■aperaading  hand-labour  in  iblding,  it  ia  aatiafacto 
find  that,  initaad  of  displacing  hands,  ite  introduc 
hy  extending  the  oonaamption,  haa,  in  reality,  created 
waA  for  mot«  Utan  it  hai  diaplaced. 


I    and    entertaining 


Hill  lad  Lie  It  Ruc'a  En\f]opt  I''ultliiig-aiKU». 


.llihiucli  the  twhion  of  luiiig  euvelupee  was  common 
la  FrUK-e.  and  had  Ixwn,  to  a  iiuiall  (iitent,  iutroducud 
iiw  Englanl  prior  to  1(W9,  yet  their  eounumption  waa 
Vy,  iii'iiTuhcant  to  call  forth  luiy  but  the  rudest  nie- 
<lun:nl  aiipliance".  It  'ia  t-i  the  •timulus  created  by 
the  ad.jpti..n  in.  IS  W,  of  Mr.  Rnwianil  Hiir«  eyetem  of 
pjMMf  ref'imi.  anil  the  conne-jucnt  iucrensad  demand  fur 
eST-;  .pu*.  that  their  manufaitiire  owca  ita  rank  aiuongat 
Xt»  aru.  and  ita  poMeaAtna  ofaoine  uf  thu  moat  ingcnioux 
Ck-L^nerr  recently  inTentfil. 

The  V*ai  annual  niiinl*r  of  letlJ-ra  piiBiiing  thmiinh  the 
Pj^'-An  in  the  I'liiti^l  Kingdom  ln-fure  the  ehiuigo  io 
th*  r"*t"?e  WM  almiit  Trt.'KK'.i-rti'.  Tliu  fourpeniiy-ratu, 
an>l  rl>F  8lt««li->a  in  the  xyKtetii  of  chat^  by  nuiiibur  of 
f oil'Mjmi  Ut  that  by  wei):ht,  ffna  introduiwd  on  thu  :jth 
:i  lv.vruUT,  IK'IS.  aifl  on  thu  I'tli  of  Januaiy,  IMID, 
•Jk  FVjt  wan  raduceil  to  one  [lenny:  iliiring  that  year  the 
n>iml«T  of  IrttCTn  incrcaiuil  to  Irta.wiM'.iXnj,  about  half  of 
ml.i<  h  were  encto«e<l  in  envelo|HM.  Thu  numl>er<>f  letters 
L*a  been  at«.lily  inenaniiig  -iuce  tliat  jieriod,  and  during 
"t  roachtil    the  aatoni^hing   minilHT  of 


II  i«r  ■ 


lir.Ti.irt 


.r-^'r-  cncluwd  iu  euvelnpw  huH  likt 
•lu  i^f  to  five.«iith-  <<f  the  total  quiiittt)',  lui  tliat  in 
r.-ifcl  Dumben  :l..>ii."i  "!,'«■"»  ..f  Biivelnpea  paaa  aauuaJly 
Wj-  -ich  the  P.Mt-oHie.?;  Iit«idee  which  there  ia  nairly 
ar.  Ki'ial  number  UMd  in  |iriT«t«  conveyance.  What 
d'-«  ili>   milli'in  of  envelopes  contain  f     Their  eipo- 


sition  would    fiimiah  on  instructive 

Id  illustration  of  the  articles  lometimes  sent  by  post, 
it  may  be  dted,  that  some  yeara  back  Profeaaor  Henalow 
was  in  the  babit  of  receiving,  from  membeia  of  an  agri- 
cultural society  which  he  had  established,  Bpedmens  of 
living  slugi  of  toHoui  kinds,  sent  for  examination,  with 
a  view  to  his  advice  for  their  extermination.  Were 
it  not  for  the  cheap  postage  many  of  the  publiahing 
societies  now  in  existence  would  not  have  been  eatebltshed, 
on  account  of  the  eipenae  of  oollecting  manuscripta, 
transmitting  proofs,  and  circulating  books.  But  it  ia  not 
only  in  this  way  that  the  postal  refona  ha*  extended  its 
benefits,  for  with  the  reduction  of  rates  a  liberal  poUoy 
haa  increased  the  faciUUea  of  deliveiy  by  the  estahliah- 
ment  since  1839  of  4,600  new  post-offlcM,  which  an 
estimated  aa  serving  about  14,000  village*. 

Returning  to  the  manubcture  of  envelopes,  we  find 
but  little  progress  until  March  1B45,  when  Ur.  Edwin 
Hill  and  Mr.  Warren  De  la  Rue  took  out  a  patent  for 
cutting  and  folding  machinery.  Until  this  period,  enve- 
lopes hod  been  folded  by  hand,  by  means  of  a  bone 
"folding-stick,"  an  experienced  workwoman  folding  about 
3,000  per  day.] 

Papers  ornamented  in  the  water-mark. 
Arliclrt  of  StattoTury. 

Plain  envelopea,  folded  by  machinery. 

Envelopes,   with  seal  Sapa,  embossed,  plain,  and  In 

Envelopes,  goffered,  lace-perforated,  and  embossed. 

Embossed  and  lace  letter  papers. 

Specimens  of  writing  papets,  highly  glaced,  and  in  fancy 

Siwcimens  of  writing  papen,  highly  glazed,  goffered, 
and  in  fancy  packets. 
Packets  of  envelopes,  in  boxes, 
Note  and  letter  puper,  in  boxen. 
PapotiercB — euvolopes  and  not«  paj-ors,  in  fancy  wrap- 

1*H. 

with   caout. 
chouc. 

Cards  for  weddings,  envelopes  and  "  At  homo"  notos, 
a'afura  and  tivi,  silvercdgeil.  printed  iu  silver,  plaiu  oui- 
bo<>«cd,  anil  eiiiboMcd  in  "ilvur. 

CnniK,  euvel'ipus,  oud  letter  and  note  papers,  plain  and 
oniboiiiiBcl,  for  uioiiniinz, 

Surface -coloured  i 
hanil  and  by  raoi-hinery,    patented  by  W 

(ieliitinu  pa]iei'H.     Kmboued  )ia|ien. 

I'upera  printed  in  coluiin',  gold  and  silve 


nd  metul 

papern,   the  changing  colours  of  iiliieh  lU^ 
athiu  film  of  coUiiirloM  varnish,  [■aleut«d  by 
Tbonuis  Do  la  Hue. 

NethuRi-Djiliic  iin]ivrs,  or  papci^s  priut^Kl  from  nire-clotb, 

itciited  by  Tliouias  De  hi  liuu. 

Plain  gold  and  silver  |iu|>ers. 

Ktiibcmncd  gold  iinil  silver  i>apcrs, 

tiold  borders,  for  box  moJieni. 

I'.istfhoar-b,  Cnr<b,  ic. 

Flaying  card*,  with  plain  and  ornamental  1>ackii,  coni- 
priiunK  n  viuiety  of  floral  mid  fhiit  designs,  some  printed 
'n  oii;iit  cid.iun,  patented  by  Tlioinas  lie  la  Rue. 

SIcHHJigocanls,  pliuu,  white,  tintinl,  goffered,  enamelleil, 
.nd  iridiwent. 

DrnwinK-l'iu'rlK,  plain  and  vmbowe<1. 

Mouiiliug-bounlH,  tinted  and  \i\aa\. 


T.  Do  111  Ruo  and  Co.'s  catalogue, 
riuted  in  gold  iind  coloum,  and  em 


lOtlv,. 


544 


Clam  17.— PAPER,  PRINTING,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Akeab  F.  27  to  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


TUkited 


Box-tops,  printed  in  gold  and  coloura,  and  embossed. 
Bands  for  piece  goodn,  printed  in  gold  and  colours,  and 
•mboBsed.     Book-covers. 

Ball-tickets,  admission  tickets,  and  ]>rognunmes. 
Printing  inks. 

Bookbinding. 

All  the  designs  are  produced  by  the  combination  of  four 
himdred  new  tools,  cut  from  designs  by  Mr.  Owen  Jones. 

Albums,  bound  in  wood,  leather,  and  velvet. 

Scrap-boolu.  Portfolios.  Music  books.  Manuscript 
books. 

Memorandum  books.    Indelible  diaries. 

Pocket  ledgers,  and  account  books. 

Solid  sketch-books  and  drawing-blocks.   Drawing  books. 

Writing-desks,  cabinets,  and  envelope-cases,  in  wood, 
leather,  and  velvet. 

Pocket-books,  wallets,  and  card-cases,  in  leather  and 
velvet.     Sermon,  tourist,  and  note-cases. 

Despatch-boxes.  Playing-card  boxes.  Pocket  chess- 
boards. 

Blotting-cases,  in  wood,  leather,  and  velvet. 

"  MacCabes,"  or  pamphlet,  letter,  or  musio-holders. 

77      Armstrong,  John,  11  Gnhit  CoUctje  Street  North, 

Camden  7W/i. — Sculptor. 
An  illustrated  music  sheet,  containing  two  sots  of 
quadrilles.  No.  1.  "Quadrilles  Antique."  No.  2. 
"  Quadrilles  of  All  Nations."  Arranged  by  Philip  Klitz, 
engraved  by  the  exhibitor.  Published  by  John  Klitz, 
No.  198  Tottenham  Court  Road. 


78  Caslon  k  Co.,  Chisvrell  Street — Producei-s. 

Specimens  of  caligrapldc  type,  engraved  and  produced 
under  the  superintendence  of  Mr.  £.  Boileau.  Printed 
specimen.     The  caligraphic  types  in  chase. 

Specimens  of  improved  coloured  printing  inks,  manu- 
factured so  as  to  be  readily  mixed  with  the  varmsh  when 
wanted.  By  an  improved  process  these  colours,  after 
having  been  deprived  of  all  extraneous  substances,  are 
reduced  to  the  finest  powder,  requiring  only  the  use  of  a 
palette  knife  to  mix  them  to  the  consistency  of  ordinary 
printing  ink,  thus  effecting  a  great  saving,  and  facilitating 
the  labour  of  the  ornamental  printer. 

79  DoBBS,  Ktod,  k  Co.,  i;U  /'AW  Street— Bcm^erB 

and  Mimufacturera. 
Embossed  drawing-boards,  cards,  and  paper ;  enchased  or 
lace-bordered  cards  and  p^>er;  also,  embossed  tableaux, 
exhibiting  the  application  of  embossing  to  the  fine  arts. 


80   SroKia,  Robert,  Ivy  Cottitge,  A7/if/«/<in</— Inventor. 

Throe  bottles  of  chemical  ink.  This  ink  may  be  em- 
ployed on  writing  paper  or  parchment  baimeanxl  with 
grease.  It  is  intended  to  be  ser\-iccable  to  butchers, 
bakers,  oilmen,  conveyancers,  and  solicitors. 

83  HsrwooD,  John,  170  Deansgaie,  Manchester 

— Manufacturer. 
Foolscap  quarto  copy-books,  with  printed  headings. 
Post  quarto  copy-books,  in  two  qualities  of  paper. 

84  Hasier,  Alfred,  I/orsutrth,  tietir  Leeds — 

Monufibctiu^r. 
Cloth  papers  for  pressing  and  finishing  woollen  cloths. 
Press  i>a{>ers  for  stuff  goods,    both  rolled   and  glazed. 
Glazed  papers  used  for  cotton  goods.     Gun  wadding  of  a 
new  descnption. 

85  Hastings  &  Mellor,  Leah — Manufacturers. 
Press  papers,  for  pressing  woollen  cloths.  Brown  papers, 

glazed  and  unglazod,  for  wrapping  up  woollen  auu  other 
manufactured  articles. 


86       Knioht,  J.  Y.,  39  BrPffjate,  //««i!^— Manufacturer, 
ledgers,  royal  folio  pajicr,  ten  quin*s,  white  vellum,  mo- 
rocco bonds;  smaller  account -books,  in  common  binding. 
Those  books,  when  open,  present  a  perfectly  flat  surfiico. 


87  Bagster,  Samuel,  &  Sons,  15  Paternoster  Row — 

Producers. 

Polyglot  bible,  printed  in  sepamta  pocket  rolomea, 
which  correspond,  page  for  page,  with  eaich  other;  so  that 
a  convenient  polyglot  Bible  of  two,  throe,  foiv,  or  mofre 
languages  mav,  at  pleasuro,  be  formed  by  pladng  the 
required  number  of  volumes  before  the  reader. 

Other  s|)ecimens  of  typography  and  binding. 

88  Cross,  Qeoboe,  2  New  Coventry  Street — larmitor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Print  collector's  improved  scrap-book,  without  guards, 
by  which  prints,  drawings,  &c.,  may  be  put  doee  up  to 
the  back,  and  withdrawn  without  injuring  their  edges. 

89  Riviere,  Robert,  28  Great  Qneen  Street, 

lAncntlns  Inn  Fiettis — ^Designer. 

Specimens  of  bookbinding,  viz. : — 

Spenser^s  works,  folio,  morocco,  tooled  with  a  double 
interlaced  monogram  (R.  Riviero)  ;  the  inside  covers 
tooled  with  cipher  £.  S. 

Virgilii  Opera,  roval  8vo,  inlaid  with  variegated  leather 
on  white  morocco;  inside  coven  tooled  in  foliated  curves. 

Common  Praver,  folio,  in  antique  morocco. 

Chronicles  of  England,  4to,  tree-marbled  calf. 

[Inlaid  or  mosaic  binding  is  produced  by  sticking 
varioiu  coloured  lesthers,  silk,  velvet,  or  paper  on  the 
cover,  and  finishing  the  joints  by  Riding. 

Tree-marbling  is  the  mottling  or  marbling  caused  by 
pouring  a  solution  of  green  copperas  (proloeulphate  c^ 
iron),  on  the  cover,  and  causing  it  to  flow  somewhat  in  the 
form  of  a  tree.— W.  D.  L.  R,] 

90  Ferguson  Brothsrs,  EduAwrgh — Manufacturara. 

Specimens  of  printing  type — ^nonpareO,  minion,  brerierf 
bourgeois,  long  primer,  and  small  pica. 

91  Neil,  Robert,  13  North  Bank  Street,  Edinburyk-^ 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  bookbinding,  viz. : — 

An  imperial  quarto  Bible,  morocco  super  extra,  moroeoo 
iii.sides,  with  satin  fly-leaves.  The  outside  of  the  boarde 
and  back  is  a  HT>ecimon  of  hand-tooling,  illuminated;  and 
the  inside  of  the  boards  the  same,  not  illuminated ;  in 
the  interior  of  the  oval  on  each  side  of  the  shield^  on 
white  morocco,  is  a  fjimily  register;  and  on  the  satin  fly- 
leax'es,  is  another  specimen  of  blocking;  or  the  edges,  ars 
the  etchings  of  three  churches — ^top,  St.  John's,  Edin- 
burgh; bottom,  St.]Giles',Edinbuiigh;  front,  St.  MungoTs^ 
Glasgow. 

A  morocco  case  for  the  Bible,  so  designed  that  the 
Bible  may  be  fully  seen,  without  handling  or  ramoving  ifc 
from  the  cushion  at  the  bottom  of  the  case 


92       Sinclair,  Dtncan,  &  Son,  White/ord  Hmge, 
Kiiinhirtjh — Designers  and  ManufkcturerR. 

Small  founts  of  music  type  of  difierent  sise  and  bodr. 
Cases  containing  the  numerous  characters — about  300  u 
each  fount — ^with  a  plan  showing  the  position  and  numbsr 
of  each  separate  character,  for  the  setting  up  of  any  piece 
of  music,  nowever  difiicult. 

Si>ecimen-pages  of  each  of  the  above  music  founts^ 
printed  from  type  and  stereotype  plates.  Books  oootain- 
ing  specimens  of  all  the  book  and  newspaper  letter  fountiL 
S]KH;imen-sheet8  of  uniform  founts  of  book  and : 
letter. 


93  Waterston,  George,  ICdinhnnjh — Manuftwtui 
Specimens  of  sealing  wax  and  wafers  of  various  coloun 

and  qualities. 

94  Mackenbte,  W.,  Ltmdim  Street,  Olangovp — ^Inventor. 
A.  volume  printed  in  church  text,  illuminated  with  red 

capitals;  the  types  of  each  sheet  were  oompoeed  only 
once,  and  both  colours  were  printed  from  the  some  fonn 
without  lifting,  a  method  which  secures  perfect  rs^isiert 
without  incurring  the  expense  of  oompoaing,  as  in  the 
usual  way,  separate  forms  for  each  colour/Several  spe* 


KiSQDOM.J 


CLAB8  17.-.PAPER,  PEINTINO,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Abbab  F.  27  to  29  ;  O.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


545 


(h  pWM  of  this  mode  of  printiiig,  showing  its  general 

96       Basckm  Bbothsm,  Weirhome  Mill,  Chesham— 

ICanu&ctnrers, 
PiBfceot  writing-pspers,  embellished  with  ornamental 
desgns,  and  anthantioi^ed  by  autograph  signatures  in 
the  water-mark. 

[The  waiar-mark  on  paper  was,  until  within  a  very 
aboit  period,  eooiined  to  the  ribbing  of  laid-papers,  or  the 
disfeiaetiTe  markof  the  paper-maker.  Recently,  ornamental 
ilBsi|TM  hare  been  produced,  by  means  of  wires  sewn  on  the 
KaDd-mould  or  the  dandy-roller  of  the  paper  machine,  of 
which  spedmens  are  exhibited.  This  improvement  was 
mtroduoed  by  the  Messrs.  Busbridge.  The  process  consists 
B  fonning  the  required  design  in  brass  plates,  which  are 
on  the  mould  or  dandy-roller.] 


97  BdHMDi,  EBBNBSca,  Cambridge — ^Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 

^p***-*****  of  bookbinding: — Album,  inlaid  in  colours, 
with  interlacing  band  pattern,  edged  with  body  colours, 
imnde  jofBts  aid  vellums  inlaid,  ^t,  and  pamted;  the 
IsBTes  gik,  aihpered,  and  painted  with  brilliant  colours. 

BSbAm  in  purple  morocco,  with  gilt  cover  and  joints. 

98  WnriLET  &  Sons,  ^Sfam/otu/— Producers. 
Specimsos  of  press  boards. 

100  Bmrrm,  Edwabo,  FeUing  Shore,  Qateahead— 

Producer. 
Glaaed  brown  paper,  manufactured  bv  Messrs.  Thomas 
GaUoD  ft  0>.,  paper  brokers.  Felling  Shore.     Qlazed  by 
SB  uupsoved  process. 

101  Com  MM,  AiKXAXDBR,  &  SoNS,  Valley-field  Mills, 

mear  £dmburgh,  arid  45  Upper  Thames  Street — 

Manufacturers. 
Specsmeiis  of  paper.  Large  cream  laid,  laige  blue  laid, 
thick  cream  laid,  and  thick  blue  laid,  post  folio,  note 
^ih\  letter  papers.  Blue  wove  and  laid  bank  post  for 
ftjrtuea  oorretfpondence,  &o.  Blue  laid  medium  and  demy 
f.>r  4COi>unt  boolu.  Bank  note  ]»aper.  Envelopes  in 
UHcketJk,  Fict^>nal  note  paperei,  ^^nth  viewtj  in  oil  colours. 
Fine  (thntiug  demy.     Account  bookri,  various. 

li»2    WiLDD«,  William,  SiuxJlnnd,  Ruchestcr — Designer. 

and  Manufacturer. 
Sf  *«cimeTiB  of  writing  paper  ornamented  by  wreaths  of 
floweni  in  the  water-mark. — Kegintered  dei»ign. 

!••  t  WiiiDfAN,  He!crt  Richard,  9  Trinity  St.,  Cunihriihje 

— Manufacturer. 
TL*  Kin^'fl  Bible,  in  two  volumes,  printed  at  the  Pitt 
I,  C^unbridge,  bound  in  royal  scarlet  morocco,  tooled, 
vitb  iiiuminated  vellum  fly-leaves,  tooled  e<1ge6,  &c. 

!'»•;  Cr!«DALL  &  Addet,  21  OW  Z/<mc/ .SYrocf— Publishers. 

Sjif^tuen*  of  brv)kbinding : — 

Ixi  i^'Id  papvT,  tlie  ornamental  design  being  printed  on 
H  iti  c«<lnure,  by  means  of  wtxKlen  blocks. 

iTi  in'iT*Kct}.  c^jveretl  with  an  elaborate  design  in  pierco<l 
Cvftal.  enamelled,  fdlt,  and  chafed.  The  metal- work  by 
Th'-'iuMA  Burtt  and  S<^ins. 

In  •  iraamental  cloth ;  in  morocco,  inlaid  with  a  pierced 
IT  rr  tablet. 

In  aiomcco,  in  a  style  suitable  for  ccclesLirttical  l>ooks; 
eX"*-  «tcd  by  Jan\*»  Hayday. 

li  TU'*r*icv*t,  using  a  decomteil  china  tablet  ft^r  the  side 
f'f  ih»-  b»>ok,  with  jrilt  bo-HfH  fur  its  j)r»>tection.  The 
t*blM  manufactured  by  W.  T.  Co]>e1an(l,  at  Stoke-upon- 
Trrikt.  

lf»7  KlflOHTft  Hawkes,  StaiJiofc  F'Ptntlnj,  l.T  ClcrheivrcU 

t  ■^,v — Manufacturers. 
St^rpirttTpe  ranti  fr»»m   printing   type,  of  the   various 
•.itr%  sjA  chanctcra;  in  English,  Gorman,  Irish,  S\Tiac, 


Hindostanee,  Chaldee,  Persian,  &c.,  together  with  the 
type  and  the  moulds. 

Stereotype  casts  from  engravings  in  wood,  steel,  &c. 

Specimens  of  stereotype  plates  for  surface  printing  in 
colours. 

Stereotype  plates  for  embossing. 


108  Hock  Brothers  &  Patne,  11  WaXbrook^ 

Manufacturers. 

Account  books  with  metallic  bands ;  fancy  note  and 
other  papers;  blotting  pads;  sketch  books;  publication 
folios;  and  memorandum  books  with  new  elastic  bands  for 
clasps. 

Albums  and  scrap-books,  three  of  the  latter  contain- 
ing nearly  2,000  riews  in  Elngland:  produced  by  the  exhi- 
bitors.   

109  Orr,  W.  S.  &  Co.,  Amen  Corrurr— Producers. 
Various  works  in  plain  and  ornamental  binding,  includ- 

ing  russia,  morocco,  calf,  antique  calf,  and  cloth. 

Series  of  maps,  illustrating  the  physical  features  and 
phenomena  of  the  globe. 

110  Pbckerd,  John  Parsons — Designer. 
Original  design  in  penmanship,  showing  the  effect  pro- 
duced by  Tate's  exchequer  ink. 

111  Westleys  &  Co.,  Friar  Street,  Doctors*  Commom — 

Manufacturers. 
Various  specimens  of  bookbinding,  in  plain  and  orna- 
mental styles;  several  gilt,  with  appropriate  and  emblem- 
atical tooling ;  including  the  Holy  Bible,  royal  folio, 
Oxford,  bound  in  purple  morocco,  with  enchased  clasps, 
comers,  and  centres;  and  painted  edges,  in  gold  and 
colours,  with  appropriate  Scripture  texts  from  the  Old  and 
New  Testament. 

113  Evans,  Edwin,  Yorkshire  Street,  Oldham — Designer. 
Specimen  of  typography. 

117  Macnair,  William,  Glasgow — Producer. 
Specimens  of  bookbinding:    Imperial  quarto  volume, 

bound  in  morocco,  super-extra,  modem  style;  Encyclo- 
jiscdia  of  the  Fine  Arts,  demy  (juarto,  bound  in  calf, 
Hui)er-extra,  an  tit  [ue  style;  Milton's  Paradise  Lost,  impe- 
rial octavo,  morocco,  sui)er-extni,  antique  style;  Gallery 
of  Nature  and  Art,  royal  octavo,  calf,  super-extra,  modem 
style. 

118  Stirling,  W.,  Kentmu-e  House,  Glasgow — Proprietor. 
A  copy  of  the  Bible  printed  by  Her  M^jesty^s  printer 

in  Scotland  in  1«11 :  only  loo  copies  of  this  edition  were 
printed  on  large  jvaper;  it  is  bound  in  white  morocco, 
and  gilt,  as  a  8j)ecimen  of  bookbinding  in  Glasgow. 

119  Todd,  John,  Perth — Manufacturer. 
Writing  inks  and  ink  jKiwdern,   known  as  the   "  Perth 

writing  inks,"  made  up  in  different  sizes  of  bottles  or 
packages.  One  is  a  wubonaceous  ink,  said  to  be  inde- 
structible by  the  action  of  air  or  light,  or  any  knowu 
chemical  agent. 

120  Parker,  J.  H.,  Ox/ortZ—Proprietor. 
Illustrated  books. 


121   Plowman,  J.,  St.  Aid.ite$  Street,  Ox/trt/— Inventor 

and  Manufjicturer. 
Portable  copying  letter -caxo,  for  tuking  copies  of  letters, 
docuinents,  &c.,  written  in  ink.  by  the  mere  i>reMsure  of 
the  hand.     The  ]>r<>cess  is  Hiiiii>le  and  exi>editiouH. 

123     Cocks,  KonF.nT,  &  Co..  Xev  Hurlingtou  Strict — 

i'art  Manufacturers. 
Dr.  B<»yce*s  collection  of  Cathedral  Music,  edited  by 
Joseph  Warren,  in  3  vols.,  lai*ge  folio;  containing  the 
ser>-ices  and  antht^ins  of  the  great  English  Church  c<^m- 
posers  from  the  periwl  of  the  Kvforaiution,  viz.,  Thoniaji 
Tallis,  Uichanl  Fammt  Ryrd,  Ikvan.  John  Hull,  M«»iKy, 
Drs.  Christoi.luT  Tye,  Mirchild,  Hinrj-  AMrith,  Hobert 
Creygbton,  and  Benjamin  Kogors  :  alno  by  Orlainb*  (Jih- 


54G 


Class  17.— PAPER,  PRINTING,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Areas  F.  27  to  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


[UnnED 


bona,  Thomas  TomkiDS,  John  Parsons,  William  Munday, 
William  Lawes,  Henry  Pnrcell,  Pelham  Humphrey,  Jere- 
miah Clark,  Dr.  John  Blow,  Matthew  Locke,  Gk>ldwin, 
Weldon,  Michael  Wise,  Dr.  Turner,  and  Dr.  William 
Croft,  with  memoirs  of  the  composers,  and  a  portrait  of 
Dr.  Boyce.  Exhibited  as  a  specimen  of  the  art  of  en- 
graving and  stamping  musical  notes  on  plates  of  pewter — 
also  of  music,  printing,  and  bookbinding.  This  work  is 
printed  from  more  than  1,200  plates. 

[William  Boyce,  Mus.  Doc,  was  bom  in  1710.  He  was 
organist  to  several  churches  successively;  and  finally,  on 
the  death  of  Dr.  Greene,  1775,  of  the  Chapel  Royal. 
This  great  work  was  the  projection  and  partly  the  execu- 
tion of  his  predecessor  (Dr.  G.)  Boyce  died  in  1779,  and 
was  buried  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.— H.  E.  D.] 

124  FiGGiNS,  Vincent  &  Jambb,  17  &  18  Wtst  Street, 
Smithfeld — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  type— some  of  the  omamontal  letters 
being  of  French  and  German  design. 

Raw  materials  of  type  metal — ^lead,  tin,  and  antimony. 
Type  metal  of  different  qualities. 

Type  mould  and  matrix.  Type  mould  taken  to  pieces. 
Two  wood-cuts  ;  metal  matrices  made  from  them;  casts 
from  the  matrices. 

Electrotype  copper  matrices  from  casts,  illustrative  of 
the  process  of  polytyping  wood-cuts. 

Form,  super  royal,  containing  upwards  of  220,000 
pieces  of  pearl  type,  weighing  10  stone,  held  in  8URi>ension 
by  lateral  pressure,  technically  called  **  locking  up." 

127  NovELLO,  J.  Alfred,  69  Dean  St.,  Soho,  §•  24  Po^dtry 

— Producer. 
Specimens  of  music  tyi)e,  and  a  sketch  of  the  method 
of  printing  music  from  moveable  types,  showing  all  the 
various  pieces,  their  shapes,  and  the  cases  in  which  they 
are  arranged  before  the  compositor. 

128  Manchin  &  MoBEL,  8  Wilson  Street^  Graifs  Inn  Road 

— ^Manufacturers. 
A  wood-cut,  stereotype  plates,  and  engravings. 

[The  bituminous  stereotype  plates  are  for  printing  pur- 
poses; and  though  new  in  this  country,  have  been  exten- 
sively used  in  France  for  the  last  two  or  three  years;  their 
advantage  over  the  metal  plates  consists  in  their  hanlness, 
which  renders  them  more  lasting,  and  in  the  fineness  of 
their  impressions,  which  is  stated  to  be  equal  to  those  of 
the  wood-cut] 

134     Clark,  W.,  Dunfermline,  Scotland — ^Designer. 

Specimens  of  bookbinding,  viz : — 

Bible,  8vo,  full-bound  in  maroon  Turkey  morocco,  gilt 
edges,  hand-tooled  in  gold  on  bock  and  sides,  with  satin 
linings. 

[Hand-tooled  designs  are  usually  employed  in  the 
higher  class  of  bindings,  and  are  formed  by  the  com- 
bination of  a  number  of  separate  tools  arranged  according 
to  the  taste  of  the  workman. — W.  D.  L.  R.] 

Chalmers*  History  of  Dunfermline,  8vo,  full -bound  in 
red  Turkey  morocco,  hand-tooled  in  gold  and  silver  on 
back  and  sides,  and  with  silver  and  satin  linings. 

Wylie's  Scenes  from  the  Bible,  8vo,  full-bound  in 
scarlet  calf,  fancy  bronzed  paper  linings,  gilt  edges,  hand- 
tooled  back  and  sides,  with  gold  and  silver. 

Cheeyer's  Winding  of  the  Water  of  Life,  8vo,  full- 
bound  in  green  calf,  fancy  bronzed  pai>er  linings,  gilt 
edges,  hand -tooled  back  and  sides,  with  gold  and  silver. 

[Bookbinders,  previous  to  gilding,  prepare  the  leather 
with  white  of  egg,  or  glair,  as  it  is  technically  called,  and, 
after  it  has  dried,  apply  the  gold  or  silver  leaf  with 
heated  tools  of  the  required  design.  The  glair  softens 
and  attaches  itself  to  the  gold,  which  is  readily  removed 
from  those  parts  not  so  impressed. — W.  D.  L.  R.] 

The  Groat  Teacher,  by  Dr.  Harris,  post  Sto,  half-boimd 


in  ^en  morocco,  scarlet  cloth  sides,  fiuocy  bronaed  papor 
limngs,  gilt  edge,  hand-tooled,  gilt  on  back,  tha  siuw 
wrought  with  gold  and  silver. 

135  Clark  &  Davidson,  Mavchlme,  Sooiland — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  bookbinding  in  wood.  Sec.,  Tis. : — 

Pictorial  Bible,  bound  m  wood  boardsy  ornamented 
with  arabesques. 

Songs  of  Scotland,  bound  in  wood  boarde,  in  imitetkni  of 
tartan,  with  view  of  Banks  of  Doon,  in  ornamental  d^ald. 

Portfolios,  with  wood  boards,  in  imitation  of  tertan,  and 
views;  Balmoral  Castle,  in  ornamental  shields;  Holjrood 
Palace,  in  ornamental  shield ;  Andemach  on  the  Rhine^  &e. 

Scotch  snuff-box,  and  Scotch  fSuicy  wood-work. 

Note-books.  Metallic  books,  with  arabesques.  Orna- 
mented wood  flower-vases.  Enamelled  wood  egg-ci^ 
stand.  Portable  work-box.  Thread-reel  boxes.  CiraelMi* 
boxes  and  cases.  Needle-books,  boxes,  and  caeea.  Snuff- 
boxes of  femcy  wood.  Match-boxes.  Toilette-bottla 
cases.  Razor-cases  and  strops.  Spectade-caaea  and  slips. 
Paper-folders  and  book-miarks.  Pomatum  and  soenft 
boxes;  and  scissor-cases.     All  with  imitation  of  tartan. 

136  Bradbttrt  &  Evans,   WhUefrian — ^Produoan. 
Specimen  of  letter-press  and  wood-cut  printing. 

137  DuDMAN,  James,  Cambervcell  Place,  New  Boad— 

Inventor. 
Specimens  of  three  sorts  of  self-sealing  envelopes : — 
First — A  metallic  capsule  attached  to  the  envelope,  eon- 
taining  cement,  which,  by  the  pressure  of  the  thumb, 
spreads  and  seals.  Second — Adhesive  cement  attarhed  to 
the  envelopes,  in  the  sealing  position,  with  a  fuece  of 
metallic  foil  between  the  cemented  surfiMses,  on  removing 
which,  by  pressure,  the  envelope  is  sealed.  Third — ^The 
same  in  principle  as  the  last,  without  the  interpoaing  foil, 
a  portion  of  the  envelope  being  turned  between  tha 
cemented  surfaces:  this  requires  warmth,  aa  the  CTmtmt 
is  harder  than  in  the  preceding. 

130  Wright,  J.,  14  ft  15  Noel  Street,  iSbAo— Pkt>ducen. 
Various  specimens  of  bookbinding,  including  the  illu- 
minated books  of  the  middle  ages,  by  H.  Noel  Hum- 
phrey and  Owen  Jones.  Imperial  folio,  bound  in  brown 
morocco ;  the  boards  cut  and  blued;  tooled  in  the  antique 
style,  the  e<lge8  gilt  and  tooled,  and  many  oU&er  chnee 
workjB^  in  varied  and  appropriate  ornamental  stylea. 

140  PiCKERiNo,  WiLLiAX,  177  PiccodUlif — PkXMlucer. 
Sijecimens  of  printing,  viz. : — 

1.  The  Victoria  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  carefully  eol- 
lated,  and  adapted  to  the  present  reign;  printed  m  laifa 
old  English  type,  by  Mr.  Whittingham,  with 
initial  letters,  and  the  rubricks  in  red. 

2.  King  Edward  Vlth's  Book  of  Common  Player, 
musical  notes  by  John  Merbecke,  1550. 

3.  Euclid,  the  first  six  books,  with  coloured  diagxama  and 
symbols,  useil  instead  of  letters,  for  facilitating  a  know- 
ledge of  Euclid.  This  work  is  a  specimen  of  letter-pteai 
printing  in  colours,  not  hitherto  used. 

4.  The  Princess  Elizabeth,  Francis  I.,  and  an  enamel* 
being  specimens  of  the  dresses,  decorations,  miisil  oraa- 
ment,  and  decorative  art  of  the  middle  ages,  by  Henrj 
Shaw,  F.S.A.         

141  Ellis,  Hercules,  Ifard'Hck  Street,  Dub/iia— 

Pi*oducer. 
Specimens  of  poetiy  published  by  J.  Smith,  49 
Acre. 


142    Ralph,  Frederick  W.,  3(>  Throgmortm  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Registered  polychrest  envelopes,  made  in  three 
and  self -sealing;  invented  to  oombine  in  one  the  note 
and  enveloi>e,  so  that  the  contents  are  always  identified 
with  the  address  and  postmark;  important  in  evidence; 
and  for  correspondence  and  business  puipoaes,  economioal 
in  reganl  to  expense  and  time.  When  used  as  enrelopei 
only,  they  are  more  secure  for  patterns  and  eneloauna 
than  those  in  common  uae. 


Class  17.— PAPEB,  PRI^'TINa,  AND  BOOKBINDINO. 
AHKA8  F.  27  TO  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


143      DrwDNFl,  JoHK,  CW7<im;iioii — Maoufitcturer. 


144    Btam,  Euxa,  Baxaar,  So^a  Sjuart — Producer. 
Compoand  itationery  cua ;  travelling,  writing,  workJDg, 
^  aodn&Nluiuat  oua;  LLdjr's  CBiriago  cumpuiioD, 


V  from  copper  rollen  by  nukchinery. 


lN«lh  of 


it  copper  plate*. 

,   »  nieoe  ot  old  round  rope,   and  piece  or 

of  old  BMt  oo«l-pdt  rope,  the  nuteria]  from  which 


[n*  pafMrmaDiifiwturad  for  the  purpose  of  the  potter 
«M  made  of  liaen  ragi,  but  it  u  now  almoiit  always  made 
trom  cordage,  and  is  nmuiBd.  The  reaaoD  of  this  is,  that 
bng  printed  on  with  ink,  of  the  colour  required  on  the 
wan,  and  of  mch  a  nature  as  to  fix  firmly,  it  is  rubbed 
tfna  the  "hiacuit"  with  a  roll  of  Bannel,  aud  being 
plaued  aaida  for  a  short  period,  it  ia  plunged  into  water, 
aod  the  bibnlouB  pi^ier  lemoTed  with  u  cponge,  leaiiug  the 
nD{«cBaaa  on  the  piece  of  potteiy. — R.  U.] 

148         KbvbOT,  J.  ft  R.,  Zand  3  Hemlock  Sb-at, 
Cirt-i  ar«/— MftnufacturerB. 
Gold  and  ootomed  pqien  for  bookbiuding,  ha. 


n  of  the  tnatsrial  used  in  ita  t 
yiiainljijii  for  the  manufacture  of  paper. 

[Among  tbo  ipesnienit,  which  are  very  nuroerouB,  and 
contain  patterns  of  all  the  papera  in  ordinary  uec,  are 
■fifTSl  lieKrijitiuUd  n^iuiif;u.'turi.-d  f<ic  tbe  iK^uatiou,  of  a 
»erj  ■.u]*rwrtbar»ctBr,  and  iMu-^HginK  imptiJvedqualLliBe.] 

l.'i")  MiU.13  &  KirHARD,  Kdinh"riifi — Founder-. 

A  iTciuien  of  the  «[n.iUe>it  ty|i«i  ever  luaniifacturcd  in 
Iki'  ■.'•hbTi'.  cut  anil  ciiit  ex|iruwily  for  the  (irtiiit  V.\ 
ki(-i'i'<n.  the  whole  of  (Iray'n  "'  Elewj-,"  cnnni^tiuB  of 
thirty-two  Mtnat,  U  cunt:unHt  lu  twg  culumUH,  :lf  iiichcut 


IJI 


Acn-lic,  WiLLiAX,  5  Fw 

JbmnfiKitunv 
Fini7  luriw,  lie. 


■>ri  In-  ruc. 


Fjucj  ftatiirnery. 

nirJu-^Irr— 
lunnufactured 

r--'--  .^_^____ 

l.M  Srrn<iT.H*  nf  ItuiK-i  iitnl  TB*rt»  of  Hie  HklI- 
<ii'«-«  Ta.MT  SuriKTV,  iii»litiite«l  ITUH.  I^.'i-witi.iiv-, 
-V.  r»'«Ti.-rter  B..W.  •::,  St.  I'iiuIb  llhiiraliynrrl,  anil 
1--4  l^iywlillT.  TreamiiBr,  .["bn  Ihimt^  Himm,  Kaq.; 
H  ™"»f7  S^^retariCT.  R^v.  W.  W.  L'bimiim.w.  M..*., 
uiil  Vi-\.  KliniHnir  Henilunun,  U.Ll.  L»mii[iouiling 
M<-cntaJ7,  Mr.  Juiiw. 

Til-  Aiiirtj  m*i  fi.mii-d  to  prnmiito  the  circiilation  'if 
wh^.-^>  t.-.k'  and  tr.'alun'  in  foreign  coiuitri.i,  hi  wull 
■•  iLri^oiit  th*  Hrilb-li  iliiiiunioa.-.  II  cnUHlituli-n  a 
Chr^i^an  iini-n  ••(  tiK-uilam  of  thi-  Ivtnbli.'hed  (Thurtli 
ai^l  '  t  IViih-lAnI  dim-iilt-rT.  It  linn  in-iiitv'l  iiiitvrtimt 
•ra.-i>  an-l  l.-.k»  in  alwnt  lin  Inniriinte-;  iN  onniiiil 
cirfUSiti, «  frani  l]>E  DFjiiiiitorj  in  Loliilcn.  and  from 


varioue  foreign  auiilisries.  amounts  to  about  24,000,000; 
its  receipts,  for  sales  and  benevolent  objects,  to  mors 
than  G^,000i. ;  aud  its  total  distribution  to  Uarch,  1851, 
iDcludiog  the  isouea  of  its  affilUtod  societies,  to  about 
o19,<XK1,dOO  of  copies  of  its  publications.  There  are  now 
about  'l,"^.'  Engiiidi  publications,  besides  several  hundred 
in  foreign  lauguages,  on  ita  catalogue.  These  works  are 
Tnrisd  in  eise  and  contents,  and  suited  to  diSereot  clasiwa 
of  the  community.  Several  books  aud  tracts  Bpeciallr 
detiigned  to  improve  and  commemonite  the  Great  Kihi- 
bition  have  been  itmued  in  English,  French,  Qennan,  and 
Italian.  By  a  carefully  amuiged  system  in  the  concema 
of  the  Depository,  the  sole  of  the  publications  ia  made  to 
cover  all  the  expeoses  of  producing  them,  and  of  the 
necessary  establiiibraent  of  the  Society.  Thus  the  whole 
i!  the  subscriptiooa,  donations,  anii  oontributiona  is 
applied  to  the  gratuitous  circulation  of  Its  publications, 
without  any  deduction  or  choive  whatever.  In  aid  of 
home  and  foreign  benevolent  objects,  the  Society  receivea 
about  G,5G0;.  per  annum,  while  its  grants  during  the 
post  year  were  U.aGOI.,  being  L!,OilOf.  beyond  the  receipt*. 
The  Committee  hsTe  supplied  3,i'^8  libraries,  at  half- 
price,  to  National,  Brittsh,  Parochial,  Day,  and  Sunday 
Schools,  which  were  unable  to  pay  the  full  amount. 
The  total  grants  of   libraries,   for  various  interesting 

The  Society  has  translated^  printed,  and  circulated 
worka  in  the  following  languages^ — 

ir«»rr™  £i.™)«.  — English,  Welsh,  Gaelic,  Irish  in 
native  characters,  Irish  in  Itamon  characters,  Mimks, 
French,  Bretna,  Spanish,  Portuguese. 

^l'orrlllVll  f:-w>iic. — Icehmdic,  Swedish,  Lappoocso,  Fin- 
nish, Danish,  Korweginn. 

B'lai'm  fn.;-!'™.— Hiiss,  Revel  Eathonitui,  Dorpat  Eatho- 
nian,  Lettish,  Tartar-Turkish,  Buriat,  Ciilmuc. 

Cmli-al  Eiir^'pe. — Dutch,  Flemidh,  Oemian,  German 
vul^,  IJthuanion,  Poliah,   Wendish,   Bohemian,   Scla- 

Smthern  JCurnpc, — French,  Oermon,  Latin,  Romancee, 
Knghadin,  ItidLui,  Maltese,  Modem  Greek,  Albanian, 
Turkish,   Turkish  in  Greek   character,    Turkish    in   Ar- 

' ■   ■      ■■    -'■  ■■'       ■  '-  ■■!.'.  111.    Georgian 


//  M'lyin   Roman  chnmcteni.  Malay 

irjAi  "I  rii^'srin.  I>iuiik,  .InvHUfflH'.  Maduiwu. 

/      ■'       .'     .  JhiM-ni.m,    Tohitinn,   Hnrtjtongiiu. 

y..r',\t,;-.:..-\uU;^.»y,    Swhuana,  Kiffi r,  laubu,    Am- 

.1 I.  <.    -  Kiirjf,    MiMuiiiKo,  Creenlondinh  Eiupiinuux, 

Miili^ink,  (ljibt>,:mi. 

[Tlinutyh  the  diHinteroted  agency  of  de^'otoil  fiieoda 
mil  uiiiiaiiinaricfi,  of  dilTcront  ilvnoiiiinatinni!.  ou^eral  lau- 
-  the  fin-t   time,    bc-L-n   brought   i 


tmf'imi.ai 
Chri-itiiin  ].rvH.- 
emurgiug  fii'iii 
iftheoxl..n(  ..I 
that  iluliynu  - . . 

earth, r-(i<>k<^N]-r 
family.      In  -••■■: 


I I'l^j 


11..1II 


.  chai 


II  .V.il. 


bf  fitoeraoa  ira;  duj  IsTabnto,  ar;  maudiy  too  oho,  ks 
taatory;  aij  raha  n&tory  Bbc),  diu  nonoaofy. 

In  TiiAiltdn,  for  the  InhAbitanU  of  viuioiu  ialutdi  in 
tha  Pucific  Ocean,  thui ; — 

I  to'u  habaare  raa  na  roto  i  madabara  o  teie  d«  ao, 
liaere  ahira  van  i  to  boa  raM,  e  oiUi  tei  taua  vahi  ra, 
tapae  atura  vau  I  rein  e  roohia  itiora  i  ta  taoto  i  roto  i 

The  original  of  theao  tranBlations  ii  the  foUowing : — Aa  I 
walked  through  the  vildernow  of  this  world,  I  lighted  on 
B  certain  place  where  wa«  a  den,  and  laid  me  down  in  that 
place  to  sleep,  and  bb  I  slept  I  dreooied  a  dnmn. 

Specimen  of  Chinese  tract,  entitled  "The  Sunmury  of 
IhaOoapel;" — 

g*    ffiHH 

#  a  ill  jfc. 

US  &m 

155  Swank,  ThomabFkanob.  43  Saulhanipton  BnUJings 
^Inventor  and  Uanufacturur. 
SpacimcD  of  red  marking-ink  for  linen,  silk,  Ac. 


1 50      W&BB,  W1U.1AM,  34  Soutliampt-in  Building), 
CSmiMry  L-mc — Producer. 
An  improved  initrument  for  writing  with  pens  and  ink 
Hevoral  copies  aimultoneously. 


158  Leightoh,  Jane  &  Ropert,  Hnrji  AUcii,  Slioc  Lunr, 
SpecimeUB  of  bookbindiDg,  pilubited  for  novelty,  cbeap- 
neBH,  and  deeign.  The  proCBOs  of  binding  ia  conducted, 
na  ^  ae  poaatble,  by  machinery,  each  book  being  orna- 
mented at  a  blow  by  an  engraved  die.  Ofeigns  by  Luke 
Limner.  The  co»erB,  in  imitation  of  corvad  ebony,  are 
Dumufactured  of  papier  nuuhd,  \>y  Maun.  Jackson  and 
Son.  of  Rnthbone  I'lace.  Koch  cover  bears  the  deeigDer'a 
name.  The  book  cloths  are  rendered  waterproof  by 
Leighton  and  Son's  new  procesa.  and  manufactured  by 
Mr.  Jamei  WiUon,  of  1S8  St.  John's  Street,  Clerkenn-elf. 
The  silver  leaf  uied  to  decorate  certun  of  tjieae  books,  in 
prevented  from  tanusliiiig  by  a  new  prooeas,  invented  by 
Leighton  and  Son,  The  clajipn,  and  other  metal  work,  are 
manufactured  by  T.  J.  Ouy,  of  Harp  Alley,  Shoe  Lane. 


159    WoDD^wrooH,  Janes,  Iii  and  17  Pnrbiiidt  Street, 
Liaeolit'a  Inn  Fieldi — Deeigner  and  Manuracturer. 

Specimen  of  an  account  book,  in  which  tlie  usual  defect 
of  breaking  between  the  sections  is  prevented  by  the  in- 
troduction of  patent  vellum  cloth  bands,  which  atrengthen 
the  book,  without  adding  to  its  thiokness  at  the  back. 
The  advantage  of  this  new  material  is,  ttiat  it  will  cany 
ink  as  well  as  paper ;  and  it  is  stronger  and  thinner  than 
Wy  aubitance  hitherto  used  for  the  same  purpose, 
liil  MoBOAK,  F.,  &Co.,  i'i  Cits Noad—laveiAon 
and  Uauiifacturere. 

Fire-proof  jewel -case,  ornamental  inkstands,  gold  pens. 


02    Rusts,  T.,  24  Great  OrmomtStreiliQatmSquart— 

Designer  and  Hanutacturar. 
Specimens  of  bookbinding. 


Specimens  of  Oriental  and  other  types,  in  aixty-MTBn 
langiiagea. 

The  Lord's  Prayer  in  Chinese  charaetan,  with  the 
pmniiQciation  of  each  letter;  and  a  portion  of  IJie  Litm^Ti 
also  in  Chinese  moveable  metallic  types. 

The  Lord's  Prayer  in  smboased  character*,  (or  the  nas 
of  the  blind,  in  two  systems. 


1G5  Isaac,  Josm  Raphael,  62  Quth  Slmi,  i 
Inventor  and  Proprietor. 

Registered  cabinet  in  oak,  for  containing  m^B,  dia- 
grams, &c.,  intended  for  use  in  general  offices,  and 
at  public  lectures.  The  handle,  acung  right  and  left, 
brings  to  view  any  particular  m^  required. 

Registered  manifold  e' — ""  "~   — ' "   '" 

portfolio,  and  suitable 

desk. 

1 


a  mahogany,  for  holding  s 
easel,  muae,  and  resding- 


lioA  B1.ACXW00D  &  Co.,  36  Lotig  A 

IlottloB  Id  earthenware  and  glass,  having  a  lip  or  spout. 


SG     HoDSON,  J.  S.,  2-J  Porlwfnl  Sinri,  Liiu»l*'i  /n 

fifUt— Produoer. 
Specimens  of  letter-press  printing,  in  various  eolonn 


167  Caxfby,  Jaheb,  18  Fatace  Ear,  Armagli,  Intmd— 

Producer. 

A  copy  of  a  one-pound  Ulster  bank-note,  axeoated  on 

Bristol  board,  with  a  common  pan;  ezliibiting  pidonal 

dwigua  of  shipping,  ploughing,  &c.,  aa  a  speoimai  of  tha 

caligraphic  art. 

168  Lines,  EdwaboD.,  ftCo.— Kwiuwr*  Aw,  fUU^ 

Street.  Whittciaptl — UanufitctuTon. 
Blue  writing  fluid. 

160    Baxrmj^  T.,Iluprrl  Strict,  ffatimariet—TnAii^t. 
Ahymnfor  all  nations, byH.  F.  Tupper,  D.C.L.,  F.RA.; 
translated  into  thirty  languages.  Th«  mnaio  compoasd  by 
S.  Sebastian  Wesley,  Hus.  Doe. 


ITO     EoiNBUBoa  School  for  tht:  Busd,  Abbei/  ffiH, 

Eili'ibitnjk— Producer. 

Dr.  Foulis's  tangible  ink  for  the  blind.  This  ink 
although  perfectly  fluid,  oontaina  a  large  quantity  of  aolij 
matter  which  is  ilcposited  on  the  paper  so  as  to  preaent  a 
Idghly  raised  surface  to  the  finger.  Dr.  FouWa  maan- 
script  music  notation  for  the  blind.  By  means  of  this 
invention  the  whole  of  the  chaisctan  in  muaio  cmn  ha 
represented  by  common  pins  stuck  into  a  pincualuoa, 
with  chords  run  through  to  represent  the  etavaa.  Dr. 
Foulis's  simple  method  of  producing  a  raiiad  aot&oe  on 
paper  for  the  blind, 

"  "  '"  ihlotfraph  for  tha  blind.  A  wmple  ^i|i»- 
le  blind  to  vrrite.  Tha  invention  laaimpla 
,  nd  the  writing  is  piaciau  and  oocaaion^* 
elegaut.  Mr.  Onll's  system  of  anthmetic  for  the  blin^ 
sccompliahed  by  common  pins  stuck  into  a  ptncuahion. 
Its  simplicity  ia  such  that  a  bliud  person  can  make  his 
calculations  with  a  few  pins  aa  a  pillow,  or  seat  of  a 
chair,  Sic.  Mr.  Onll's  tyjwa  for  corraepondeuce,  by  whifb 
blind  persons  can  correspond  with  (ina  another,  or  jot 
down  memoranda  for  private  uM. 

171    OaU,  JaNeI,  Mgrtle  B.nJi,  EdifibvrgA—XixvmUir. 

Oall's  triangular  alphabet  for  the  blind,  which,  bj  its 
similarity  to  the  common  Roman  alphabet,  is  easily  read 
by  the  eye,  and  may  be  taught  without  previous  iutnie- 


I  to  toach  tl 


KXNr.DOM.] 


Class  17.— PAPER,  PRINTING,  AND  liOOKBINDlNG. 
Areas  F.  27  to  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  2G,  27. 


549 


Linn.  Tliiii  alphabet  is  conaidered  ad  an  improvement  on 
circular  aliiluiu«t)«,  by  its  angular  form;  the  letters  are 
Tvnderefl  mi»re  diittinct  to  the  touch;  and  by  the  oxcluaion 
(.if  the  capit«iU,  the  attention  of  the  blmd  in  concentrated 
ujx>n  J^,  instead  of  52  letters,  and  the  size  of  the  printing 
fik'iy  be  reduced.  Volume,  containing  the  Epistle  to  the 
Ej>L«iiuuui,  priuteil  for  the  blind  in  Gall's  triangular 
alphabet,  with  the  letters  serrated. 

( riW^  apMFatus  for  irritiug  by  and  to  the  blind.  The 
blind  can,  by  this  invention,  readily  oorrospond  by  poet, 
ami  GUI  kevp  books  and  other  memoranda.  The  apparatuD 
cnn;«i«t^  of  a  stuffed  frame  on  which  the  paper  is  placed; 
of  a  Oliver  with  bars  to  guide  the  lines,  whicn  are  written 
fr  >m  the  bottom  upwards ;  and  of  small  stamps,  vnth.  the 
lettem  formed  of  common  pins,  which  are  pricked  through 
the  (taper,  and  read  on  the  opposite  side.  By  means  of  the 
tT(»  rv^ter  points  on  each  side  of  the  fhime,  and  by  flhift- 
iqS  tka  oovar  one  half  line  un,  the  paper  is  written  on 
bi>th  liides,  each  perfectly  legible  either  by  the  iingoFS  or 
the  eye.  

172     Raxtkb,  — ,  Froifirfeld  St'ftol,  Frotne,  Scniersct — 

Producer. 
The  National  Anthem  with  music,  on  a  large  scale, 
VfT  the  lue  of  scools. 


174  Mn«,  Robert,  4  Jfuniop  St  net,  Oi  txtfow— ln\entor. 

Electro-fliereotype  plate  for  letter-press  printing.  This 
%ecixD«n  is  from  a  mould  of  g^tta  percha,  taken  from  a 
pw^  uf  duunond  types  in  a  screw  press.  The  gutta 
|«:nh%  was  laid  on  warm,  the  pressure  applied  imme- 
•liately.  and  left  on  for  fifteen  minutes.  When  the  mould 
wa.4  taken  off  it  «*aa  brushed  over  ^nith  plumbago,  and 
c«>p(Msr  dejiosiUxl  upon  it  by  the  known  process.  When 
the  coMjer  deiHMilt  is  backed  up  with  gutta  percha,  it  is 
r^r»<iy  xor  prnu. 

The  iwlvantaf^c  of  electro-Htereotyrie  over  stereotyjK;  ii4, 
that  it  will  last  much  longer,  and  work  much  cleaner. 
The  exhibitor  has  worked  one  of  each  together,  and  when 
the  stereot^-iie  was  completely  worn,  the  electro-stereotype 
wa«  as  good  as  at  first. 

4iutta  ])ercha  plate  to  be  used  in  letter-press  printing. 
PIa*^  uu%i\v  of  i^uttu  pcrclui  fr<»m  wcHMl-cuts,  will  work  a 
\  ,r^v  liiiiirt-sniiju  with  letter-pr«':**» ;  Julvanta{;:eourt  when 
»  -  -In-ut-  are  vx{M!D2«ive,  -.m  the  orijf^uiilrt  mi'^iit  bo  saved. 
<1  ;*vi  j-*nli.i  |.I.»t4*H  can  1>e  iiia«lo  in  a  slun't  time  at  a 
t!  r*.:..;  *.-•■.-*:  ;in«l  whfu  2,  4,  or  0  are  worked  t<»^«'thcr,  it 
*.'.i  ^TUMtiy  f.bi-iiitute  the  wi>rk.  and  le**eu  exp«*n3o, 

M.ik'-  .1  iu«»ulil  fii)m  a  wjwd-eut  l)y  the  metlKwl  a1»ovG 
•  l»-*  r.'^.-ii.  bnir^h  it  over  with  plumbago;  lay  it  on  the 
J  .-•■--.  f»i.  ii|.,  iiiid  jiut  wann  ;:ntta  iKTuha  inti>  it;  aj>ply 
it.-  ;  rvr^iire  m-  lM;tV>n.\  Several  platen  may  \>c  got  from 
tl»-  •  .r.'.f?  Tii'iuld. 

T...-  p.'--'cei^  apj-xvirs  to  offtfr  many  advantofrc-^,  if  the 
f  -w  •-  :■*.  ''iiJir'tiltif-  ofc«»iiipletely covering? tlieimpressjf ma 
«-•:'  tK'.  •}  |n'  letters,  or  the  lines  of  jui  engraving,  with  pliim- 
L-i^-'.  -iT-  uot  t'Hi  (Treat.  The  giittii  i>ereha  plate,  being 
j-r.'i^riy  fin*(i:ired.  is  r«iniie<"to<l  with  the  volt^iic  )>attery, 
aiii  pliAi-<i  ill  a  f«ohitioii  of  the  nulphate  of  copjHT,  which. 
t:.»"'i  iH'l«r^^»t:n;^  el eetro -chemical  decomi>«>riiti«.>n,  dejMjsits 
I  -.r*'  C'^pii'.'r  ill  all  the  liuo/*  iUid  over  the  entire  Kurf^iou. 
I*.  »  -lilii  api.<*-:ir.  if  bs-ul  w;is  u.su<l  instead  of  fpitt;i  percha 
:  r  ■•«*kin,;  the  plati;.  tlmi  it  would  be  better  htt(^<l  for 
J  '.rj*:!!.'  tii.ui  wli^rii  u'^ittii  jtYri-cha  in  employed.--  R.  JI.] 

1 7.'»      W%  u»,  Jami>,  ''f.ii  :.,f  r,,,x<  /:,,.( ^  4.',4  \y, ,/  stnuui, 

■J  /;■■,.'  r.jrh-  li.'.r,  "ml   tfn-    tinut    /f'/.'.. ,    I.'ir.itt-r 

.<f'i.ir.  -  Vr*H\\icvr. 

A  G'-nt  r.il  Atl.ii*.  r«intaiiiiii^  *\7  ina]i<i.  of  the  various 
-  T*-  «if  tht'  wurld.  r«howin;;  their  n-.-ipective  phvMieal  and 
y  ..•  .il  ffuTun:*.  ineludin;;  tin*  nvnt  di>«o«»\rri»'s.  C'o- 
.    r.-'-r  fol'.o.  fuil-rifliiured,  atid  half  ImiuikI  in  Hu;>.-tia. 

A  '  »'-ti' ml  .^tl.u*.  lieiu/  a  useful  ^i-lertiou  from  tlie  piv- 
f-  ■.;!_•       r  ill  «-uIoui>-d;  41  map.-*. 

An  .\'lv«'if  the  Worlii.  c<tuipreiieiiiliii;^.'>'J  si'parato  maps 
*f  ■*.-  ^-inoM-*  ♦•ountri*'-',  con'*tni<*t<Ml  :iiid  dniwii  fn»m 
•r,.  i*r^«t  Ajttn^riomi<-'d  and  frco^nkphical  ob:«ervation^. 
I:.  ;«-hal  qiirrt*^  colounMl,  au<l  handsomely  half-bouud. 


School  Atlas,  with  a  copious  index,  containing  up- 
wards of  8,000  names  of  placeii. 

Popular  Atlas,  containing  48  maps  of  the  various  parts 
of  the  globe,  \%ith  letter-press  description  to  accom|)any 
each  map.  The  World,  on  Mercator*s  projection.  A 
new  map,  containing  the  most  recent  geographical  inform- 
ation, and  constructed  upon  a  new  principle  ;  4  large 
sheets.  The  World,  on  Mercator*s  projection ;  coloured, 
one  lai^e  sheet. 

General  Map  of  Europe,  drawn  from  the  latest  docu- 
ments; divided  into  its  empires,  kingdoms,  and  states; 
showing  the  great  roads,  railroads,  physical  features,  &o. 
Six  sheets. 

Post  Koads  of  Germany,  and  the  ac^jacont  States,  with 
the  posts  marked,  the  railroails,  the  sea-packet  routes, 
and  the  internal  steam  navigation.     Two  sheets,  in  cases. 

The  British  Isles,  with  the  tojMgraphical  and  physical 
features ;  the  lines  of  railway,  their  primary  and  inter- 
mediate stations;  the  land  and  water  communications  of 
the  countries;  and  the  steam-incket  routes,  with  the 
distance  from  port  to  port.  Compiled  from  the  Ordnance 
Survey.     Two  sheets. 

England,  Wales,  and  the  greater  part  of  Scotland,  a 
Railway  and  Topographical  Map,  dra'wn  from  the  tri- 
angulation  of  the  Ordnance  Sui'\'ey,  and  the  surveys  of 
the  Railway  Companies,  and  other  sources  of  information, 
showing  the  lines  of  railwa3's,  the  inland  navigation,  the 
great  and  cross  roads,  cities,  market  towns,  and  villages, 
vdth  the  physical  features.     Four  sheets. 

Plan  of  London  and  Westminster,  'v^'ith  the  Borough 
of  Soutliwark,  including  the  ac](jacent  suburbs,  with  all 
the  additions  and  improvements  to  the  present  time, 
reduced  from  the  large  sur\'ey,  with  an  alphabetical  list 
of  the  principal  streets,  squares,  public  buildings,  &c., 
and  reference  to  their  situation  on  the  plan  ;  also  a 
statistical  table  of  the  population,  &c.     Two  sheets. 

New  Map  of  Londor*,  extending  from  HoUoway  to 
Cambcrwell,  and  from  Kensington  to  the  River  Lea. 
One  sheet. 

Map  of  the  country  25  miles  round  London,  upon  a 
scale  of  1  inch  to  the  mile,  showing  the  turnpike  and 
cross-roads,  railroads  and  stations,  rivers,  woods,  com- 
mons, seiitri  of  the  nobility  and  gentry,  im  well  as  the 
niiuket  towns,  villages,  &c.     Four  sheet**. 

Scotland,  dniwn  from  the  toiK>^T*jiphical  surveys  of 
John  Ainslie,  General  Roy,  and  othei-s,  with  the  post 
towns  and  oflices,  the  turnpike-roads  (both  direct  and 
cross),  railways,  and  the  distances  between  e;K*h  town, 
jtnd  from  Etlinbui-gb.     Two  sheets. 

Ii'elaud,  re<lueetl  fi\>m  the  Onlnance  Su^^■eya.  Four 
sheets. 

Asia,  compiled  from  the  most  recent  documents,  in 
four  large  ^lu•ets. 

India,  from  the  latest  authorities,  sliowinp  the  civil 
and  military  stations,  with  polemetrical  table  of  rcei- 
pro<.-al  distances.     One  lai'i^e  she* it. 

I.-slands  «»f  New  Zealand  and  Chatham  (Jrr>ui>,  from  the 
Admiralty  Surveys  of  tlie  English  and  Fivnch  marine, 
from  the  observations  of  the  otticerM  (»f  the  New  Zailan*! 
Company,  and  from  private  survey  and  skt^tches.  Two 
sheets,  with  plate  of  the  harboui's,  Siiilin^  dinrctions,  &c. 

N«»J"th  America,  exhibiting  the  recent  <lis<-overios.  peo- 
grfii>hical  and  nautical;  dniwn  chiefly  from  the  authoriti<M 
of  M.  do  Humboldt,  Lieut.  I'ike,  Messrs.  Lewis  and 
Cliuke,  Sir  Alex.  Mackenzie.  Mr.  ilciirne,  C*)l.  IJouchrtte, 
Captiins  Vancouver,  Itoss,  Fany,  and  Franklin,  U-ick, 
lJee<'hey,  Deasi»,  jmd  Siujpson,  and  Kelh-k;  also  <les<'rib- 
ing  the  lioun<l;U'y  lines  between  the  territoriin  «if  (Jn-ut 
liritain,  the  L'nitc<l  SUites,  and  the  Mexicsui  aiul  Centi-ail 
Statf.-*.      Siven  .-Ihn'Is. 

Miip  <if  tlie  Fiovince  »»f  Cana<la,  with  part  of  New 
Ihwn-wi«.k  to  Halifax,  and  thel'nitrd  States  fmm  liohton. 
Oui'  v*h«'et. 

South  Amerira.  dniwn  rhielly  from  the  ori>;inal  manu- 
script niaj"  <if  his  Excellency  the  late  (*he\alier  Finto  ; 
likeuiae  fmm  tlios«»  of  the  Itra/il  pnivinces,  surve\e4l 
by  Jo;is  Joai{uiiu  <l«'  liocha,  a  niaLnntratt*  r«>siilt*nt  ntany 
years  in  th't^e  <(»untri«-s;  also  th«;  Ci-pitania  of  Sim  I*aul«i, 
by  Juao  da  Ciiita  Ferrcira.     The  late  Spraii.^h  ttrritories 


650 


CLAB8  17.-.PAPER,  PRINTING,  AND  BOOKBINDIN&. 
Areas  F.  27  to  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


rUsiTID 


are  extracted  firom  the  sarvejB  of  £1  Padre  Frandsco 
Manuel  Sobreviela  and  others;  together  ¥dth  the  most 
authentic  edited  accounts  of  those  countries  by  Hum- 
boldt and  Schombuighk ;  showing  also  the  boundaries 
and  states.     New  edition.    Eight  sheets. 

Africa,  compiled  from  authentic  aocoimts  of  travels, 
both  ancient  and  modem,  including  those  performed 
under  the  patronage  of  the  African  Association,  by  Messrs. 
Homemann,  and  Houghton;  also  those  of  Lord  Valentia, 
Sir  Home  Popham,  Captains  Lyon,  Tuckey,  and  Clapper- 
ton,  Messrs.  narrow,  Bowditch,  Brown,  Bruce,  Burchell, 
fUtchie,  Salt,  Laing,  Denham,  Landers,  and  Richardson, 
with  the  nautical  surveys  and  observations  of  Captains 
W.  Smith  and  Owen,  R.N.,  assisted  by  the  reports  of  the 
Missionary  Societies.    Six  sheets. 

Educational  Maps,  The  World,  on  the  globular  pro- 
jection, containing  the  most  recent  information.  Eight 
sheets.  Europe,  drawn  from  the  latest  documents, 
showing  its  political  (fiviaions,  cities,  and  principal  towns; 
Asia,  exhibiting  its  politioal  divisiona,  from  the  best  au- 
thorities ;  Africa,  constructed  from  the  most  recent  travels 
and  other  authentic  souroes;  America,  showing  its  political 
divisions,  and  containing  the  recent  discoveries  in  the  arctic 
renons;  each  in  four  sheets. 

England  and  Wales,  drawn  from  the  triangulation  of 
the  Ordnance  Survey,  and  other  souroes  of  information; 
showing  the  phvtical  features,  cities,  and  market  towns; 
Scotland,  with  its  cities,  market  towns,  and  physical  fea- 
tures; Ireland,  reduced  from  the  Ordnance  Survey,  show- 
ing its  cities,  market  towns,  &c. 

Twelve-inch  globes,  containing  the  modem  discoveries, 
and  the  places  of  the  stars  on  the  celestial  globe  calcu- 
lated to  the  present  year;  on  high  mahogany  stands,  &c. 

[A  map  may  be  defined  as  a  projection  of  the  surface  of 
the  globe  on  a  plane  surface.  As  the  form  of  the  earth  is 
nearly  that  of  a  sphere,  it  is  evident  that  the  only  map 
which  can  truly  represent  the  positions  of  places  is  that 
on  the  surface  of  a  globe.  That  projection  which  comes 
the  nearest  to  the  true  representation  of  the  globe  is 
termed  the  ''globular."  Qu'  Mercator's  projection  some 
of  the  difficulties  attendant-;  upon  circular  projection  are 
avoided :  all  the  lines  are  right  lines,  and  all  the  meri- 
dians are  equidistant.  The  advantages  of  this  projection 
are,  that  the  bearing  of  every  .place  is  true  with  ^respect 
to  other  places,  and  distances  may  be  measured  correctly 
from  it;  but  the  spaces  between  the  parallels  of  latitude 
increase  as  they  recede  from  the  equator,  and  in  high 
latitudes  the  departure  from  truth  is  great. — J.  Q.] 


176  LovRiOT,  Oeoboe,  Heading,  Berks— luYentor, 
Permanent,  or  indelible  black   writing-ink  for  public 

records,   not  affected  by  age  or  any  of  the  ordinary 
chemical  agents. 

177  Sheam,  W.  F.,  14  ffalsey  Terrace,  Cadogan  Street, 

Chelsea — ^Producer. 
Class  roll,  or  school  attendance  r^giater  book. 


178  Wilson,  Bobim80n,  WhUehaven — Producer. 

The  Descent  from  the  Cvw,  executed  in  ten  weeks 
with  steel  and  crow  pens  and;  Indian  ink.  The  outlines 
were  taken  from  an  old  print,  and  no  brush  was  used, 
the  shading  being  performed  with  a  piece  of  paper  when 
the  strokes  were  damp.  On  each  cheek  alone  are  up- 
wards of  two  thousand  strokes  with  the  pen,  imitating 
line  engraving. 

179  Galbraith,  W.  J.  T.,  WeUiwjton  Cottage,  South 

Lambeth — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Indelible  writing  fluids. 

180  Owen,  Ho&atio,  Falcon  Square— Designer  and 

Proprietor. 
Specimen  of  typography,  being  the  speech  of  His  Royal 
Higimeas  Prince  Albert,  at  the  Mansion  House  Banquet, 


together   with  translations  into   the  Qermaa,  Vnach, 
Italian,  Turkish,  and  Arabic  languages. 


181 


Kronheim  k  Co.,  32  Patemoeter  Bout — 
Manufacturers. 
A  variety  of  fiuicy  borders. 


182        Stephenson,  Blake,  &  Co. — Producers. 
A  various  assortment  of  printing  type. 


183  Datib,  J.,  1  Duke  Street,  Norih  Parade,  Batk^ 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
New  system  of  music,  and  general  instructions  for  tbe 
pianoforte,  organ,  pedal  harp,  &c. 


184 


Reed  &  Pabdon,  1,  2,  ft  3  LontXts  Comi, 
Paternoster  Bovr — ^Ptodncera. 
Various  specimens  of  letter-press  printing. 


185     Tait,  W.  J.,  Church  Street,  Rugby— ^^rodneer. 
A  variety  of  school  outlines. 


186    Hume,  Rev.  W.  K,  White  Colne,  Halstead,  Emu:— 

IVoducer. 
The  Jubilee  Almanack,  for  a.  d.  1851 :  printed  in  gold 
on  vellum,  with  poeti<»l  illustrations,  in  a  frune  and 
glased. 


187  Rahsat,  Robert,  2  Oreenside  Place,  Edmbmyh — 

Designer  and  Executor. 
Specimen  of  ornamental  typography,  composed  of  mar^ 
ble  borders,  rules,  &c.,  forming  a  front  view  of  FVee 
Church  College,  Edinburgh. 

188  Wason,  Rioby,  Conrar,  near  Qirvan,  Ayrshire — 

Designer. 
Plans,  showing  the  method  of  reclainung  waste  land; 
on  a  new  principle,  applied  by  Rigby  Wason,  Esq.,  be- 
tween the  yeans  1840  and  1850,  to  an  estate  of  about 
4,000  acres,  formerly  a  wild  moor  without  any  road,  and 
with  only  a  few  patches  of  cultivated  land  surrounding 
the  house ;  it  now  bears  excellent  crops  of  com  and 
and  will,  in  a  few  years,  be  all  reclaimed. 


189  Barkeb,  J. — Inventor. 

Casts  from  wood  matrices  for  the  use  of  silk,  cotton, 
and  other  printers. 

190  Meek,  O.,  2  Crane  Court,  Fleet  Street— Muinhetanr, 
Ornamental  perforated  papers,  representing  lace  and 

crochet  work. 


191  Tapperell  &  Innes,  2  Winchester  Street^  Old  Broad 

Street,  and  Queen's  Arms  Hotel,  Cheapide. 
Ancient  map  of  the  Cities  of  London  and  Westminster, 
and  the  adjacent  districts,  as  they  appeared  in  tha  early 
part  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign.  In  this  ancient  map  and 
drawing,  the  palace  of  Westminster,  the  government  •»»<l 
public  edifices,  &c.,  are  very  clearly  indicated. 

192  Whitbread,  JosLiH,  142,  Oxford  Street — 

Proprietor. 
New  plan  of  London,  drawn  from  authentic  warvejm, 
on  a  scale  of  3  inches  to  a  mile. 


193  Ruff  &  Co.,  2  &  3  ITind  Court,  fleet  Street — 

Producers. 
Map  of  London  and  its  environs,  in  six  sheeti^  on  a 
scale  of  8  inches  to  the  mile,  showing  the  division  of 
parishes,  &c. 

194  RicKMAN,  William  Charubs,  21  Park  Side,  ffyde 

Park  Comer,  and  Pole  More,  Wexfifrd—Inventot 
and  Designer. 
Portfolio  bracket,  for  the  purpose  of  holding  portfolios 
of  drawings,  prints,  ^.,  and  exhibiting  their  oonteote  to 


KlXODOM.] 


Clabb  17.— paper,  printing,  AND  BOOKBINDING. 
Areas  F.  27  to  29 ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


651 


■dTutage.    It  !■  attached  to  the  wall,  and  is  made  to 
open  and  ahut:  carved  in  grenadillo  wood. 


195      Bblct,  Robebt,  &  Compant,  Fann  Street, 
Aidengate  Street — ^MaDufacturers. 

Specimena  of  Drinting  types.  A  complete  series  of 
Elizabethan  or  church  text,  with  initial  letters  of  the 
Tudfir  period.  Typographical  ornaments  taken  from  the 
remains  of  Ninereh  and  Etniria,  court  hands,  Persian, 
Syriac,  and  Arabic. 

Modem  type-founders'  mould  and  matrix,  with  types 


196        BAsmiTT  &  Co.,  173  Fleet  Street— ^Producera. 

Specimens  of  eodesiaBtioal  binding  : — 

Royal  folio  Bible,  carred  wood  boards,  covered  vnih 
Turkey  morocco,  without  cut  or  join;  metal  ornamental 
mountings. 

Royal  folio  Common  Prayer,  polished  oak  boards,  or- 
namental metal  hinges,  and  clasp  (the  hinges  and  clasp 
produced  by  electrotype). 

Imperial  quarto  Bible,  Gothic  oak  boards. 

Imperial  quarto  Bible,  carved  wood  boards,  covered 
with  Turkey  morocco,  without  cut  or  join. 

Royal  quarto  altar  service,  ultramarine  border  to  pages, 
earred  wood  boards,  covered  with  Turkey  morocco;  cor- 
and  centre  metal  mountings,  produced  by  electro- 


type. 
Royal 


_.  yal  quarto  altar  service,  velvet;  Gothic  metal  mount- 
ings, produced  by  electrotype. 

Sundry  small  Common  Prayers  and  Church  Services, 
fwafoiaiad  and  engraved;  solid  metal  oovers,  &c. 


197     PiTHAjr,  Isaac,  5  Nelson  Place,  Bath — Inventor. 

Chart  of  the  phonogrwhic  and  phonotypic  alphabets. 

The  Bible,  Hec.,  printed  phonetically,  and  the  Testament 
in  phonetic  short-hand. 

[Tlie  phonographic  or  phonotypic  systems  have  this 
peciiliar  principle,  that  words  are  \\Titten  and  printed  as 
tbrv  are  pronounced.  Since  pronunciation  differe  with 
dL0tnct>>,  it  appears  difficult  to  decide  uj>on  a  standard, 
azyi  if  deci<led  i'^>on  by  one  district  exclusively,  then  the 
ph^'Do^n^hi'*  tfystem  becomes  exposed  to  more  objections 
ttan  the  jeduarj  orthography. — R.  E.] 


"» :***      SocttTT  FOB  Teaching  the  Blind  to  Read, 
Atmuc  liotui,  hUjenVs  Park — Proprietors. 

Eiiib<Mvw^  b<^K>ks  for  the  blind.  The  characters  which 
\xA\^  Vieen  made  use  of  for  letters  are  raised  above  the 
*i.rf  jce  of  the  paper,  so  that  the  sense  of  touch  may  supply 
thr*  wMit  Iff  sight.  These  characters,  which  are  repre- 
M*&ti9ii  in  the  annexed  cut,  are  simple  in  their  form, 
b»:nz  a  i^traight  line,  a  curved  line,  and  a  <lot  placed 
in  tiiflV-rent  jxisitions;  by  this  means  the  complication 
*{  wtn»k(«  in  the  letters  of  the  alphal>et  is  avoided, 
an'i  thf  puftils  are  enabled  Wi\h.  case  to  distinguish  one 
lctt«T  from  another. 


ABCOCrCHi 

•    ^     C     (      ^     \    ^    1      • 

JKLMNOPPR 

;^      f     r^    ^    O      J.-/ 

STUVWXYZ&c. 

-     I      >     \     f     •     \     -    \ 

tl  X\  rr        TH  SH  FH  CH  NC         Wn  CH 

IS         a4         •S7a         a         o 


A*  the  fin^r  cannot  pass  over  a  word  so  rapidly 
iiP  th*-  fve,  grt!at«T  fluency  is  securr<l  }»y  the  use  of 
c  ntrawrtj«-nii  similar  to  those  employed  in  short-hand 
^r.'Auz.      Many  who  have   lost  their  sight  in  advanced 


life,  and  whose  sense  of  touch  has  become  less  acute 
from  hard  work,  have  been  enabled  to  read  this  simple 
alphabet,  when  they  have  found  it  impossible  to  ms- 
tinguish  more  complicated  characters.  An  adequate 
knowledge  of  the  system  can  be  acquired  by  a  pupil  in  six 
months,  and  by  many  in  a  shorter  period.  The  system 
was  proposed  by  the  late  Mr.  Lucas,  of  Bristol,  and  was 
reduced  to  practice  by  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Qowring,  in  the 
year  1842,  under  the  direction  of  the  London  Societv  for 
teaching  the  blind  to  read.  The  greater  portion  of  the 
Scriptures,  with  the  lituigy  of  the  Church  of  England, 
and  various  books  of  elementary  instruction,  have  already 
been  published  in  these  characters. 

Chrphering  boards  for  the  blind.  The  boards  being 
perforated  with  square  holes,  types  with  simple  cha- 
racters raised  in  their  ends  can  be  arranged  in  any  order. 
Five  characters  similar  to  those  employed  in  reading  are 
used  in  different  positions,  each  havmg  a  numeral  value. 

Maps  for  the  blind.  The  land  is  raised  above  the  water, 
and  cities,  mountains,  rivers,  and  boimdary  lines  are  all 
marked  so  as  to  be  easily  felt. 

Qeometrical  boards  for  the  blind. 

Specimen  of  embossed  copies,  used  for  instructing  the 
pupils  in  the  common  system  of  writing,  the  pf^r  used 
being  prepared  with  embossed  lines. 

Apparatus  for  enabling  the  blind  to  emboss  Lucas's 
characters,  and  thus  communicate  with  each  other.  The 
characters  are  raised  on  a  stamp,  having  ten  arms,  fitting 
into  the  aperture  of  a  slide  so  that  the  letters  cannot  be 
incorrectly  formed  ;  this  slide  moves  along  a  bar,  and 
indicates,  by  means  of  a  rack,  the  distance  it  has  been 
moved.  The  lines  are  kept  equidistant  by  the  bar  which 
moves  down  the  board,  which  is  retained  in  its  position 
by  a  simple  contrivance. 

A  specimen  of  music  for  the  blind,  in  raised  characters, 
each  character  denoting  both  the  sound  and  its  length, 
whereby  the  stave  is  dispensed  with.  The  music  can 
be  written  by  means  of  the  embossed  copies. 

Chess  boards  for  the  blind.  The  black  squares  are 
raised,  and  the  pieces  have  pegs  to  fasten  them  in  the 
board.  The  black  pieces  are  distinguished  by  a  point  at 
the  top.  The  last  three  articles  were  invented  by  Mr.  W. 
Wood. 

Specimens  of  basket  work  and  knitting  clone  by  the 
pupils  at  the  Institution,  Avenue  Road,  Regent's  Vixxk. 

[The  invention  of  characters  in  relief  was  among  the 
earliest  measures  resorted  to  for  the  instruction  of  the 
blind.  Mr.  Gall,  of  Edinburgh  invented  an  alphabet  upon 
this  j)rinciple,  called  'Hhe  triangular."  Moveable  letters, 
place<l  in  grooves,  were  aften^-ards  employed,  but  aban- 
doned. A  string  alphabet,  like  the  "  quipos,"  or  knotted 
cord  of  Peru,  for  distant  communication,  ^iis  proposed. 
Various  other  attempts  for  this  purpose  were  made,  until 
Haiiy  invented  the  art  of  printing  in  relief;  this  was  then 
aj)plied  to  Mr.  Gall's  triangular  alphabet.  By  the  system 
of  Mr.  Lucas  the  repetition  of  numerous  letters  is  avoided ; 
simple  characters  are  usotl ;  particles  are  mostly  repre 
sented  by  initial  letters,  a  system  which  is  followed  upon 
the  frequent  i-epetition  of  a  word. — R.  He.] 


199  Gardner,  W.  H.,  Tro^i  Tfousc,  M<mningtrcc,  Essex — 

Designer  and  Executor. 

Si)ecimen  of  i)enmanship. 


200         Anderson,  Duncan,  67«/>//"'/— Proprietor. 

Napoleon  in  his  Robes,  from  the  lithograph  of  the  en- 
graving of  Ger.inl's  jucture. 

KuK'Tis'  Watering-place,  from  the  cnp^aN-ing. 

Philip  baptizing  the  Eunuch,  from  Browne's  engraring 
of  Both's  ]»icture. 

All  copicil  with  a  common  iK-n,  in  China  ink,  by 
Joseph  Lin«lsay,  a  dwif  mute,  an«l  pupil  of  the  Glasgow 
Institution  for  the  Pxlucation  of  the  Deaf  and  Dumb. 


552 


Clabs  17.— paper,  printing,  AND  BOOKBLBIDING. 
Abeab  F.  27  to  29  ;  G.  H.  I.  J.  26,  27. 


201   British  and  Foreign  Bibus  Soostt,  JEorl  Street, 

Blackfrian — Produoera. 

Specimens,  couaiBting  of  165  booka,  ia  different  lan- 
guages, fi-oni  the  170  versions  of  the  Holy  Scripturea, 
either  iu  whole  or  in  part,  which  have  been  published 
directly  or  indirectly  by  the  Society,  and  of  which  118 
are  from  translations  never  before  printed;  and  of  which 
more  than  twenty-four  millions  of  copies  have  been  cir- 
culated since  its  institution  in  1804. 

Eight  8i)ecimen8  of  four  editions  of  the  English  Bible, 
showing  the  improvement  made  between  the  years  181 B 
and  1851,  in  reference  to  quality  of  paper,  printing,  and 
binding,  at  an  average  reauction  of  62  per  cent,  in  the 
cost  price. 


Western  Europe, 
English  Bible. 
Wdsh  Bible. 
(Saelic  Bible. 
Irish  Bible  (VemaouUr). 
Irish  Bible  (Roman). 
Manks  Bible. 
French  Bible  (Martin). 
French  Bible  (Ostervald). 
F.vnch  Bible  (De  Sacy). 
Breton  Testament. 
French  and  German  Teatameat 

and  Psalms. 
French  and  English  Testament. 
French  Basque  Testament. 
Spanish  Bible  (Scio). 
(SaUlan  Testament. 
Spanish  Basque,  St.  Luke. 
Spanish  Gipsv,  St.  Luke. 
JudoRO  Spanbh,  Old  Testament. 
Jodoeo  Spanish,  New  Testament. 
Spanish  and  Latin  Bible. 
Portuguese  Bible  ^Peroira). 
Portuguese  Bible  (Almeida). 

Northern  Europe, 
Icelandic  Bible. 
Swedish  Bible. 
LapponcM  Testament. 
Finnish  Bible. 
DanUh  Bible. 

Faroese  and  Danish  St.  Luke. 
Quanian  or  Norwegian  Lapponeae 
Testament. 

Central  Europe, 

Dutch  Bible. 

Flemish  Bible. 

German  and  Uehrew  Old  Testa- 
ment. 

Lithuanian  Testament. 

Samogitian  Testament. 

Polish  Biiib'  (Honum). 

Polish  Bible  (Gothic). 

Upper  Wendish  Testament. 

Lower  Wendish  Testament. 

Boliemian  Bible. 

Hungarian  Bible. 

German  Bible. 

Hungarian  Wendiah  Testament 
and  l*salms. 

Sonthem  Europe, 
Italian  Bible  (Diodati). 
Italian,  with  Latin  Psalms. 
Latin  Bible. 

Komaneso  New  Testament. 
Kngliadine  New  Testament. 
Piedmontese  New  Testament. 
Pifdraonte^e  with  Italian,  Pludms. 
Piedmontese    with   Freaeh,    St. 

Luke  and  St.  John. 
VaudoiM  with   French,  St.  Luke, 

and  St.  John. 
Bulgarian  Testament. 
Grei'k  New  TesUment  (Ancient). 
Greek  Bible  (Modem). 
Greek  with  I^tin,  TesUmcnt. 
Turkish  Bible. 

Turkish  Bible  (Greek  characters). 
Turkish    Testament    (Armenian 

character). 
Wallarhian  Testament. 
Servian  Testament 
Albanian   with    Modem    Greek, 

New  Testament. 

liussia, 
Russian  Testament  (Modem). 
Sclavonic  and  Modem  Kussia  New 

Testament. 
Dorpat  FlitlionianNew  Testament. 
Revel  Gsthoniaa  New  Testament. 


R  ussiit — continued. 
I^ettish  Bible. 
Sirenian  St.  Matthew. 
Mordvinian  New  Testament. 
Tscheremissian  Gospels. 
Tschuwaschian  Gospels, 
Orenborgfa  Tartar  Testament. 
Karelian  St.  Matthew. 
Turkish  Tartar  Pentateuch  and 
Joshua. 

Caucasian  and  Border 
Countries, 

Georgian  New  Testament  (Eccle- 
siastical). 

Georgian  New  TesUment  (Civil). 

Armenian  Testament  (Ancient 
and  Modem). 

Armenian  Testament  (.\ncient 
and  Ararat). 

Armenian  Testament  (Modem). 

Ararat  and  Modem  Armenian 
Testament. 

Trans-Caucasian  Tartar  St.  Mat- 
thew. 

Armenian  Testament  (Ararat). 

Armenian  Ihalms. 

Semitic  Languages, 

Hebrew  Old  TesUment. 
Hebrew  New  Testament. 
Arabic  Bible. 
Judaso  Arabic,  four  books  of  Mew 

Testament. 
Syriac  Bible. . 

Syriac  and  Carshun  Testament. 
Carshun  Testament. 
Syro  Chaldaie  Gospels. 

Persia, 

Persic  Testament  (Martynj. 
Persic  Old  TesUment  (Glen). 
Judso  Persic,  four  Gospels. 
Pushtoo  Testament. 

India, 

Sanscrit  Gospels  and  Acts. 
Hindustani  Vesument  (  Roman). 
Urdu    Persian,  portions    of    Old 

Testament. 
Urdu  l^rsian.  Gospels  and  AcU. 

Northern  ami  Central  India, 

Bengalee,  portions  of  Old  TesU- 
ment. 

Bengalee  and  English,  Matthew 
and  John. 

Bengalee  TesUment  (Roman^ 

Bengalee,  with  English  TesUment 
( Roman ). 

Uriya  Bible. 

Hinduwee  Old  Testament. 

Harrottee  TesUment. 

Bikaneera  TesUment. 

MoulUn  TesUment. 

Punjabee  TesUment. 

Cashmerian  Testament. 

Nepaulese  Testament. 

Southern  India, 

Tellnga  TesUment. 
Cknarese  Bible. 
Tamul  BiUe. 
Malayalim  Testament. 
Tulu  TesUment. 
Kunkuna  TesUment. 
.MahratU  TesUment. 
Oulerattee  TesUment. 
Cutchec  St.  Matthew. 


Ceylon, 
PnM  Testament. 
Singalese  Bible. 
Indo-Portuguese  Testament. 

Indo-Chinese  Countries, 

Assamese  TesUment. 
Khassee  St.  Matthew. 

Chinese  Empire, 

Chinese  Bible. 
Chinese,  St.  Lake  and  Acts. 
Manchoo  Testament. 
Mongolian  Old  Testament. 
Mongolian  New  Testamevl. 
Calmuc  Gospels,  &c 

Ilitfier  Polynesia, 

Malay  Bible  (Rom«n). 
Malay  Bible  (Arabic). 
Malay  Testament  (Ia>w). 
Javanese  'Testament. 
Dajak  Testament. 

Further  Polynesia. 

Tahitian  Bible. 
Rarotonga  Testament. 
New  Zealand  PtoUteucfa. 
New  Zealand  Joshua  and  Psalms. 
New  Zealand  TesUment. 
Malagaise  Genesis  and  New 
Testament. 


Further  Poll 


Fe^jeean  TesUment. 
Africa. 

Coptie  irith  Arable,  tadms. 
Coptic  with  AxaUk,  Gospels. 
Kthiopie  TMtament. 
Amfiarie  BIhle. 
Berber  SC  Lake. 
Dollom  St.  Matthew. 
Mandingo  St.  Matthew. 
Accra  St.  Matthew  and  St.  John. 
Yoruba  Romsna. 
Namaniua,  St.  Loko. 
Sechoana  Testament  and 
Cafko  Testament. 
Sesoto  Oospek. 

AweriCfia 
Greenland  Ish     TostaHMn 

Ptalms. 
Esquimaux     Pentateudi 

Josbna. 
Mohawk,  St.  John. 
Chippeway,  St.  Mattbaw. 
Creoleae  1  esUmeat. 
Negro  ^Dialect  of  Sarinan,  Tm- 

tamontand  Pdama. 
Baquinuns  Tcstamtmt. 
Aimam  with  Spanish,  St.  Lukm, 
Mexican  St.  Lake. 


202     Hareisok,  Arthur  Prichard,  190  Wesierm  Mood, 

Brighton — Designer. 
Framed  arms,  printed  and  staineid  in  blazonry  colonn, 
granted  as  hereditary  bearings  to  the  nobili^  bj  Kiag 
Henry  III.,  dated  1245.  Roll  of  arms  granted  as  heredi- 
tary bearings  to  the  kni^ts  compenioDB  at  the 
of  Karlaverock,  by  Edward  I.,  1900.  Soil  of 
granted  by  King  Richard  11.  to  his  nobility,  dated  1377. 
Roll  of  arms  of  all  the  Knights  of  the  Qarter,  from  their 
instalment;  plates  and  ancient  records  in  St.  Qeorge'a 
Chapel  and  Windsor  Castle.  Tournament  roll  of  King 
Henry  YIII.,  a.d.  1510.  FacHsimile  of  Magna  Gharta, 
with  arms  of  the  barons,  &c.,  dated  12U.  Death  tnovaot 
of  King  Charles  I.,  and  of  Mary  Queen  of  Soots.  Wmh 
simile  of  illimiinated  prayer  by  Henry  VIL  Qenaakgy 
of  sovereigns  of  England,  with  arms. 

20.*^    Bell,  Major  O.,  17  Cecil  Street,  Strand—lnrmdor. 
Tabular  presentment  of  imiversa],  historical,  literary, 
and  artistical  time,  extending  orer  a  aurfiwe  of  aeeny 
4,000  years,  in  25  diagrams. 

204  Strangewats,  John,  18  Harpur  Street,  Bed  Lkm 

Square — Producer. 
New  chart  of  British  biography,  from  the  comineiioe- 
meut  of  the  15th  oentury  to  the  preaent  time. 

205  BoYSTON  &  Brown— InYentoi*. 
Specimens  of  bank-notes  and  bills  of  esohaiun,  en* 

graved  by  a  patent  process,  to  prevent  foi^gezy.     v  ariout 

account  books.       

206  Walton,  T.,  King  Edward  VI.  Soks^l,  Bimunfhem 

— Producer. 
Outline  chart  of  general  history. 

207  Cleaver,  Willl^m  Jones,  46  PiooadiUjf — 

Designer. 
Oak  and  glass  case,  containing  an  assortment  of  Biblea 
and  books  of  Common  Prayer,  and  a  selection  of  other 
books  in  ancient  and  modem  bindings.     Exhibited  for  the 
colours  of  the  leather,  general  design,  and  workmanahip. 

208  Spiers  &  Son,  Oor/on/^ Designers  and 

Manufacturers. 

Enveloi)es  and  paper,  embossed  in  colours,  firom  college 
and  other  dies. 

Models  of  six  cathedrals,  Osborne  House,  Martyrs' 
Memorial,  Oxford,  &c. 

210    Watson,  William,  8  George  Street,  Pocklin^on 

Producer. 
Plan  of  the  down  of  Market  Weighton,  East  Biding, 
Yorkshire. 


WOVEN,   FELTED,   AND   LAID    FABRICS,    DYED   AND   PRINTED. 


INTRODUCTION. 


The  Brta  of  the  coloor-printer  uid  dyer  form  the  subject  reprcsentad  by  this  CUh.     The&e  arts  b 


ita  spplialiOD  to  Tarioua  fabrics.  But  lincc  cbemietry  bus  been  allowed  to  occupy  a  part  of  the  atteotioa  of 
the  mmnnlactnrGT,  a  very  different  rcBult  has  arisen.  The  indications  of  experience  are  confirmed  by  the 
tf  hinpi  of  philoeophy,  and  in  a  largo  number  of  iQst«uces  a  vaitt  economy  of  material,  time,  and  labour,  ha* 
beeo  «fl*ated.  In  addition,  chemistry  has  brought  to  light  new  compounds,  and  new  means  of  ohtuning  dyes 
■nd  eoloun  fJ  great  brilliance  from  a  few  simple  combinationB.  It  ia  consequently  now  almost  universal  to 
find  that  attached  to  the  extensive  works  of  the  dyer  and  colour-printer,  is  a  lai^  laboratory  fitted  up  for  che- 
mical inreatigatioaa,  and  the  processes  developed  in  which  are  often  the  source  of  very  great  commercial 
pnMwritjr. 

TiusClaaB  includes  Woven,  Spun,  Felted,  andLaid  Fabrics,  when  eihibited  as  specimens  of  printingor  dyeing. 
In  the  Sub-Class  A.  are  included  the  Printing  or  Dyeing  of  Woollen  or  any  Mixed  Substances ;  B.  Include* 
Printed  Caliccea,  Cambrics,  Hualins,  Velvet,  and  Velveteens ;  C.  Dyed  Cott«n  Goods ;  D.  Dyed  Linen  Goods ; 
E.  The  I^eii^  or  Printing  of  Leather,  Hair,  Fur,  &c. 

Tba  qiacial  part  (tf  the  Buildinf;  devoted  tt>  objects  in  this  Class  is  that  iiicludod  by  Areas  L.  M.  and  N. 
2  to  5,  and  O,  S  and  4.  But  throughout  the  Building  specimens  of  the  art  of  the  dyer  in  the  production  of 
the  mrst  rich  and  boHutiful  colours  are  prciienteil  in  objects  which  apj*ar,  properly,  in  other  Classes,  The 
Ti:rkiv-rivl  calico  and  cloth  ctiipliiyeil  in  lis  dooiratiou,  and  in  the  indication  of  IIh  various  de]«rtniciitB, 
av--nii(i',  &c.,  form  an  inlerestin^  instance  of  this  kind, 

1  he  print-works  of  Ijincnshiri',  and  particulnrly  of  Manchester  and  its  vicinity,  form  the  most  cxjiciisivo 
j'-nnimif  printcil  and  dyeil  articles,  Glasgow,  Carlisle,  (.'rnyford,  rninley,  anil  other  places,  also  cinilain 
iiu|'-rLuit  wiirks  of  a  soinewliat  similar  description,  Tlic  origin  of  cotton  printing  apjiears  to  have  taken  placo 
IS  the  viciuity  of  tlie  mctr<i]iuliH  in  lliT3. 

Ihirinic  the  last  ball-cent iiry,  a  surprisin;^  development  of  printin);  in  colour  and  dyeitiir  ban  taken  plnce.  It 
ii>  ri-riuiaii^l  that  at  its  comuiencement  the  annual  ipiantitv  of  cotton  printed  was  32,8(J1J,72U  yards.  Kut  in 
l^>.  thi«<|iinntity  bad  attained  the  enormous  increase  of' .14T,4.'>0,29!f  yards;  and  it  has  xince  still  further 
.i.i-r-a-iwl.  llic  print-works  of  Lancashire,  and  other  places,  form  a  surprisine  s[)eclacle  of  the  oiierationof 
rrj>-nii<~al  and  mechanical  prices  on  the  iireal  saile.  'I'hat  which  was  formerly  the  laliour  of  weeks,  ia  now  i)er- 
!■  mii^l  in  a  <by.  .\  pii-ce  of  cloth  is  printcl  al  the  rate  of  linliilnils  of  yanis  in  a  day.  (*ll  Oliu  sjilo  of  a 
iriji-liliit-rtupm  it  aso'iids  moist,  with  colour  from  the  engraved  copjior  cylindvr ;  on  the  other  it  ileseends  dried, 
n'jili  f'lr  the  final  j ip kx-ssi's.  The  printin:;  machines  arc  marvels  of  in;:euuity  ;  the  [>attern  is  applied  by  ibo 
rnrr.ii  i"!  surface  of  one  or  more  copjier  cylinders,  which  have  receiveil  the  ]iattem  fiwn  a  small  Hteel  cylinder, 
IT  "  niill,"  ratable  of  iin{ire«iiin;:  seveRil  with  the  some  design,  ami  thua  saving  the  coal  of  rcjniited  engraving. 
At  hrkt  noiy  one  colour  could  be  ajuJIed ;  now  from  siji,  or  oven  eight  and  ten  ooIouth,  are  applieil  in  constant 
fiiim-wii'ii,  Tliiwc  njacbiues  jicrforu  their  work  with  grml  niTiimcy  and  siiih»1,  and  prmliice  all  the  i-oiiiniimcr 
[■tirmsavcn  in  daily  iiw;  1  but  liand  lalwur  is  still  employed,  even  in  these  works,  for  ftne  or  compliciitcd 
«"rk,  and  more  ]«rtiru1ar1y  for  jiriiitinv;  mousM^iiniMle-laiiie  dresses,  &c.  The  guwls  thus  printed  are  i-xjtirleil 
in  'Tiim<'n>e  iiuantities  to  all  par's  uf  the  worid,  a  large  imrtion  licing  also  retained  fi-r  home  use.  For  loreign 
i..U!itri.-  a  ct-riain  jH^cnliarily  of  cliiDiiialic  .irraiigcnieut  is  necessary,  in  onler  to  render  the artick's  adapted  to 
th<'  ta-ti-  of  mirchaJi'Ts, 

T1,<-  art  'if  the  dvi-r  In  towns  is  a  manufacture  on  a  smaller  scale,  and  carrieil  on  genemlly  in  small  eslnblish- 
ii.iiits  'hvijiMl  to  that  purpose.  But  extensive  dye-works  exist,  which  arc  tinpliiycd  in  iiiipiirlin;;  various 
O'liarn  lij  cl<>th,  Ac,  on  tlil'  great  scile.  To  the  pnw[>t'r<FUs  pursuit  of  cilher  of  tliese  iirls,  it  is  lieginiiing  to  lie 
ni'TT  and  more  wid.-lv  fell,  llint  un  enlightened  nnd  |>hiloKo|>hii'al  mind  is  i.S  (he  lirsl  iv.tiHeipiim-e.  And 
i:-.-  MimliT,  extent,  and  iiuiiThiiici-  nf  nmiy  of  thefnuildishiiif-iils  where  Ibeyare  t-xtcnsively  carried  on,  is  a 
^miifyia;!  iD<licatiun  of  tlie  jireseiit  position  uf  those  who  are  occupied  in  i>iich  [luniiiits. — I!.  K. 


554 


Class  18.— WOVEN,  PELTED,  AND  LAID  FABRICS, 

Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  2  to  5. 


[UNOTro 


1     Evans,  Datid,  &  Co.,  121  Cheapside,  and  Crayford, 
Kent — Manufacturers  and  Printers. 

Bandanna  handkerchiefs,  manu&ctured  in  India. 

British  bandannas,  manufactured  at  Macclesfield,  from 
Bengal  and  China  silk. 

Spun  bandannas,  manufactured  in  Lancashire. 

Ladies'  silk  dresses.     Table  covers. 

Registered  designs. 


2  Baker,  Tockebs,  &  Co.,  30  &  31  Gresham  Street — 

Silk  Manufacturers  and  Printers. 
British  and  East  India  silk  handkerchiefs  and  dresses, 
printed  in  London.    Registered  designs. 

3  LiDDlARD  &  Co.,  Friday  Street,  Cheapside — 

Manufacturer. 
Printed  mousseline-de-laines,  bareges,  &c. 

4  Inglis  &  Wakefield,  Busby  Print  Works,  near  Olasgow 

— Manufacturers. 
Printed  mousselines-de-laine  on  cotton  warp;  printed 
cashmeres,  balzarines,  cottons,  and  jaconets;  the  dahlia., 
a  patented  colour.    The  designs  are  all  registered. 

5  Andrews  (Hugh),  Sons,  k  Oee,  55  Friday  Street — 

Producers. 
Printed  cotton,  muslin,  woollen,  and  mixed  fabrics. 


6  Devas,  Minchener,  k  Rodtlege,  24  Lawrence  Lane — 

Proprietors. 
Specimens  of  printed  cambrics  and  muslins,  exhibited 
as  cheap  and  useful  productions  for  the  middle  class. 

7  Welch,  Maroetbon,  &  Co.,  17  Cheapside — 

Manufacturers. 

A  selection  of  silk  handkerchiefs,  manufactured  from 
China  silk,  and  India  corahs,  printed  by  the  exhibitors. 

Printing  blocks  for  the  purpose  of  shewing  the  process 
of  Bandanna  printing. 

8  Wilkinson,  William,  89  Wailing  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
China  cord  "  pongee"  handkerchiefs,  and  China  and  grey 
twilled  bandannas,  British  manufacture.  India  corahs, 
specimens  of  madder  red,  cochineal,  crimson,  and  other 
courses  of  work.  Specimens  of  printed  and  dyed  work, 
in  various  stages  of  manufacture. 

9  Swan  &  Edgar,  Piccadilly,  and  Regent  Street — 

Proprietors. 

Spitalfields  silks,  velvets,  &c.,  manufactured  by 
J.  Balance  &  Sons,  Stone  &  Kemp,  and  Winkworth 
&  Proctens. 

Printed  muslins,  butterfly,  rose  and  convolvulus  pat- 
terns.    Printed  by  Hargreaves  Brothers. 

10  Law  &  Sons,  37  Mcnkwell  Street — Manufacturers. 
Embossed  silk  and  velvet. 

Specimen  of  cloth  used  for  bookbinding. 

Embossed  velvet  and  furniture-linings  for  decorations. 

Embossed  grounds  for  paper-hangings. 

11  Crocker,  J.  &  A.,  51  Friday  Street — Manufacturers. 
Harness  woven  muslins  for  curtains.  Complete  drapery, 

blind  and  curtains  of  harness  woven  muslin,  showing  its 
adaptation  for  window  decoration. 

Pointed  cotton  for  furniture  uses ;  the  colours  produced 
by  machine,  and  by  a  combination  of  machine  and  block- 
printing.  

12  Keymer,  Jas.,  Lawrence  Lane — Producer. 

Silk  bandanna  handkerchiefs  in  needlework  style, 
flowers,  small  or  Fichus;  and  a  study,  commemorative  of 
the  Great  Exhibition.  Printed  at  the  works  of  Augustus 
Applegath,  Dartford. 

13  Mair,  Son,  &  Co.,  60  Fnday  Street,  London,  and 

163  Ingram  Street,  Olasgow — Manufacturers. 
Twilled  bandannas  and  cambric  handkerchiefs. 


14    McAlpin,  Stead,  &  Co.,  Cummersdale,  Carlisle — 

Designers  and  Printers. 
Machine  and  block  chintz  furnitures,  upon  cotton  velvet 
and  calico. 


15 


Hindlet,  C,  k  Sons,  134  Oxford  Street — 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Printed  chintz  furniture:   original   designs,    English 
production. 

16  Foster,  Porter,  k  Co.,  47  Wood  Street,  Cheapside — 

Manufacturers. 

British  and  East  India  silk  handkerchiefa,  printed  in 
London. 

Block  employed  in  printing  handkerchiefa. 

Silk,  thread,  woollen,  leather,  and  silk-plush  gloves. 
Bandannas.  Parasols.  Ribbons.  Fsnoy  hosiery — polka 
jackets,  gaiters,  hoods,  hose,  kc. 

17  Wilson,  — ,  Producer. 
Specimens  of  cloth  for  bookbinding. 

18  Welch,  Thomas,  Merton  Abbey,  Merton — 

Manufacturer. 

Printerl  cloth  drawing-room  table-oovers,  of  various 
designs  and  colourings. 

Embossed  cloth  drawing-room  table-covers,  different 
designs  and  colourings. 

19  Walford,  Richard,  27  Lawrence  Lane — ^IHroprietor. 

Printed  silk  handkerchiefa.  East  India  silk  manofao* 
ture,  printed  in  England. 

20  Johnson,  R.  J. — ^Producer. 
Specimens  of  dyed  goods. 

21  SwAiNSON  &  Dennts,  97  New  Bond  Street — ^Dedgners 

and  Printers. 
Chintzes  for  dining-rooms,  libraries,  &c.  Chioti,  imi- 
tation of  drapery,  for  wall -hangings,  curtains,  Ac. ;  of  tiee, 
flowers,  drab  leaves,  kc. ;  of  group  of  flowers  and  ribbon ; 
of  the  acacia;  of  group  of  flowers  in  rustic  panel;  and  of 
birds  and  flowers,  for  drawing-room  curtains,  &c.  Chinties 
suitable  for  bed-furniture,  &c.,  26  inches  wide. 

22  Underwood,  William,  1  Vcre  Street,  Oxford  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Printed  cloth  table  cover,  commemorative  of  the  Qreat 
Exhibition.  This  table-cover  is  represented  in  the  ac- 
companying Plate  37.  The  printinig  of  this  cover  has 
taken  223  blocks  and  copper-plates.  In  the  centre  are 
the  arms  of  Qreat  Britain,  surrounded  by  those  of  the 
principal  nations  of  the  globe,  with  suitable  inacrqytiooa. 

23  Clarke,  Enoch,  Neate  Street,  Coburg  Road, 

Old  Kent  ^ock^  Manufacturer. 

An  assortment  of  printed  and  painted  japanned  table- 
covers. 


24  Tates  &  Taylor,  42  Gutter  Lane,  Cheapside-— 

Manufacturers  and  Proprietors. 
Printed  and  embossed  table-covers,   for  ornamental 
table  furniture.    Shaded  style  of  work,  giving  a  velvet- 
like  i4>pearance,  similar  to  needlework,  from  one  im- 
pression. 

25  Thomson  Brothers  &  Sons,  1  Mosley  Street,  Manchester 

— Producers. 
Printed  cambrics  and  mousseline  de  laines,   cotton 
warps,   shot  silk,  and  worsted;  printed  cambrics,  k/o., 
silk  warps,  shot  silk. 

26  BcRD,  John,  &  Sons,  Manchester — Printers. 
Machine-printed  calicoes,  madder  and  steam  colours. 
Block-printed  calicoes,  steam  colours. 
Machine-printed  muslins,  madder  and  steam  colours. 
Block-printed  window  bliuds. 

Printea  quilts. 


I 


HEULDIC  TABLECLOTH. 


^      ^ 


KlKODOM.] 


DYED  AND  PRINTED. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  2  to  5. 


555 


27  DALOLI8H,  Faudoher,  &  Co.,L€nnox  MUU, 

L^tmoxtovn,  Stirling — Printers. 
Calico  prints  and  muslin  prints. 

28  Thb  Strikes  Pbintino  Coxpamt,  Manchester — 

Producers. 

Specimens  of  machine  printing  on  cotton  velvet;  eight 
colours,  produced  by  one  operation,  at  the  rate  of  sixty 
yanU  per  minute. 

The  same  on  calico;  eight  colours.     Steam  work. 

Specimens  of  madder  work. 

29  NnjiOH,  Knowlks,  &  Co.,  11  Oeorge  Street, 

MancKester — Printers. 

Calico  and  mousselaine-de-laines,  crimson  ground  style. 
Coloured  steam  printing. 

Chintz  furniture  showing  fourteen  colours,  chintzes  and 
other  prints,  all  the  colours  printed  at  one  time  by  cy- 
linder.   

30  P^yrrEB,  E.,  &Co.,  Dinting  Vale,  Olotsop,  and  Manchester 

— Producers. 
Variety  of  calico  prints;  moderate  in  cost,  adapted  for 
a  variety  of  markets,  and  produced  by  machine  through- 
out.   

31  SAMCKLa,  John,  &  Co.,  ifancA^idr— Manufacturers. 

BladJL  and  Turkev-red  velvet.  Black  velveteen.  Drab 
moleskin.  Drab  eight-shaft  cord.  Black  satins.  Printed 
drilLi.  Albert  tweeds.  Moleskins.  Holsteins.  Velveteens. 
Waldemars.  Furniture  velveteens.  Mock  quiltings  and 
herring  bones.    Diamond  and  welted  quiltings  and  satins. 

32  Rajwet,  Cbarleb,  &  Co.,  Manchester — Proprietors. 
l>red  and  printed  cotton  trouser  cloth,  in  imitation  of 

wooUen ;    possesses  the  appearance  and    durability  of 
woollen  cloth. 

33  BAKjnauiAN,  Hekrt,  &  Sons,  Manchester — Producers. 
Pateot  doth  used  for  upholsterers'  purposes,  as  cur- 

tainii,  &c.,  so  produced  that  they  will  not  tarnish. 

Cloth  (Tuitable  for  ladien'  dreaaeH,  gentlemen's  coats, 
bliA-iinij'*  for  book.-*,  and  ombellifihmentri  of  varioua  kinds. 

.^4    Batley  &  Craves,  Gl  Mo^le;/  Street,  Manchester. 

Cajico  priiitrt,  fast  lilacM,  madder  colourB;  chocolate 
?T».nind,  garanciue  work  ;  .aid  two  and  three  coloured 
tii.yid«;r  work**. 

Sample  <»f  a  new  "re«i«t"  puq)le,  that  will  throw  off 
ch"-^  ,»Ute,  dark  puri>le,  catechu,  bro\sTi,  or  red  grounds. 


SwASwicK  &  JoBNflON,  Muncheatcr — Producers. 
Printed  calico  and  priuted  mu.slin. 


?,*)         HoTLE,  Thomas,  &  Sons,  58  Mosley  Street, 
M'tnch'ster —  Manufacturers. 

Print#^l  calic<^)e.'»,  black,  puri)le,  and  whites;  light  pur- 
pl'  -  Aui  brunette**,  &c. 

Pririt^l  cambrics,  in  all  colours,  suitable  for  children, 
az^i  liir^e  {jattt* m.-*  for  dre»*j»e!*. 

IVinted  xuui4linj<.     Cbt»cked  and  plain  jaconets. 

IVtnted  mua-Meliue-de-laiuos  and  llamas,    both  mixed 

'Machine-printing  is  j>€rfonned  in  the  followng  man- 
H'-r.  The  fabric  is  drawn  by  power  over  one  or  more  en- 
pr^veii  copper  cylinders,  the  lower  part  of  which  revolves 
in  a  tp»ugh  cont;uninjL;  the  colour.  By  an  ingenious 
a,rraiij^^*ment,  a  blade  of  steel,  or  other  metal,  called  a 
i\m:i.-r.  mjwjve*  the  su|»iTfluous  colour,  leaving  only  the 
iti  i*ntAtiouj«  on  the  cylinder  charged  therewith.  The 
prvw*tirc  t*j  which  the  fabric  is  subjected  causes  it  to 
Airwirb  thii*  culour,  and  it  is  then  carried  upwards  into  a 
r  .■  lii  at  a  hi;;h  temperature  where  it  is  dried,  and  returns 
t..'  uixlrnj.j  further  processes  of  preparation.  At  first, 
i  u\y  "UB  colourcil  p^itteni  could  be  communicated  to  the 
f^^rie,  but  now  seven  or  eight  cylinders  are  not  unfro- 


quently  used  in  the  same  machine,  each  applying  a  dif- 
ferent colour  to  the  fabric  as  it  passes  forward,  and  each 
so  adjusted  as  to  cause  the  colour  to  fall  precisely  in  the 
proper  place,  so  as  to  complete  the  pattern.  Machine- 
printing  is  carried  on  to  an  enormous  extent  in  Manches- 
ter.—R.  E.] 

37  Steineb,  T.,  8c  Co.,  Church,  near  Accrington,  Manchester 
— ManufiEurturers  and  Inventors. 
Cotton  fabrics,  dyed  Turkey -red  and  printed  in  various 
colours. 


38  Leddiard  &  Co.,  London ;  Haboreaves  Brothers, 
&  Co.,  Manchester — Manufebcturers. 

1.  A  butterfly  chintz  muslin,  displaying  a  combination 
of  permanent  colours. 

2.  A  rose  trail  chintz  muslin,  in  permanent  colours, 
in  three  varieties  of  ground. 

3.  A  moss-rose  chintz,  upon  oi^gardie  muslin. 

4.  A  bouquet  chintz,  on  two  varieties  of  ground,  with 
combination  of  permanent  colours,  by  Mercer^s  patent 
process. 

5.  A  design  of  one-block  printing,  exemplifying,  by  a 
variety  of  coloured  grounds,  the  nature  of  Mercer's  patent 
procem,  vrfth  the  ordinary  colours. 

6.  The  same  design  printed  by  the  ordinary  processes 
and  colours. 

7.  A  design  upon  lobelia  crimson  ground,  showing  a 
new  appUoation  of  safflower  for  dyeing  or  for  printmg 
puiposes,  where  white  is  not  required,  uniting  permanence 
with  brilliancy  of  colour. 

8.  Lobelia  crimson  plain  muslin. 

9.  Lobelia  crimson  plain  cotton  satin. 

10.  Lobelia  crimson  and  other  dyed  cotton  velvets. 

11.  Silver  dove,  a  new  mineral  colour,  not  liable  to  be 
injured  by  the  influence  of  air  or  light. 

12.  13,  and  14.  Designs  upon  various  shades  of  per- 
manent plain  colour  muslins. 

15.  A  demi-chintz  upon  muslin,  in  three  varieties. 

16.  A  second  design  of  the  same  class. 

17.  A  design  upon  white  figured  muslin,  in  three  va- 
rieties. 

1 8.  A  second  design  of  the  same  class. 

19.  A  chrysanthemum  chintz  upon  cotton  satin  in  two 
varieties. 

20.  A  bouquet  chintz,  in  permanent  colours,  in  two 
varieties;  upon  cotton  satin. 

21.  A  moss-rose  chintz,  of  similar  class  and  materials. 

22.  A  rose-bud  chintz,  of  the  same  class  and  material. 

23.  WTiite  sprigs  upon  black  cotton  washable  satin. 

24.  An  Indian  chintz,  printed  in  penmment  colour, 
upon  Horrocks's  long-cloth. 

25.  A  full  chintz,  also  printe<l  on  the  same. 

20,  27.  Designs,  showing  Mercer's  patent  process  for 
colours  applied  to  machine  printing. 

28,  29,  and  30.  Designs,  pn>duced  by  the  usual  method 
of  luacliine  printing  and  the  usual  processes,  in  three 
varieties. 

.'U,  .32,  and  33.  Designs,  to  show  Mercer's  patent  pro- 
cess applieil  to  another  style  of  machine  printing. 

34,  35,  and  3t3.  Designs,  to  show  the  ordinary  colours 
used  in  machine  printing,  in  four  varieties. 

37,  38,  and  39.  Designs  in  the  floral  style  of  machino 
printing,  in  two  varietia-*. 

4U,  41,  42,  and  43.  Designs  in  the  foliage  style  of  ma- 
chine printing. 

44,  45,  and  4»3.  Floral  designs  in  the  same  style. 

47.  A  bouquet  chintz,  u|>on  silk  material. 

48.  The  same  design  uiK)n  silk,  cotton,  and  wool,  united, 
by  Lightfoot's  patent  Duplin  j)roces8. 

49.  A  buttertly  chintz,  upon  the  miino  material,  and  by 
the  same  proce.«*s. 

5u.  A  ilesign,  upon  silk,  in  two  varieties. 

51.  A  bunch  of  lilac,  a  design  printe<l  upon  pure  wool. 

52.  The  same  d»»sign  upon  a  cotton  and  wool  mixed 
fabric,  by  Lightfoot's  process. 

53.  The  same,  upon  cotton,  silk,  an«l  wool  united,  also 
with  same  process. 


65G 


Class  18.— WOVEN,  FELTED,  AND  LAID  FABRICS, 

Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  2  to  5. 


[UmrcD 


54.  A  larger  lilac  bloasom  design,  printed  upon  pure 
silk. 

55.  The  same  design  upon  cotton,  silk,  and  wool,  mixed 
fabric,  by  Lightfoot's  process. 

56.  A  robe  skirt  of  a  graduated  design,  assisted  by 
graduated  rainbow  printing  upon  pure  silk. 

57.  58,  and  59.  The  same  design  printed  upon  mixed 
fabrics,  of  cotton  and  wool,  by  Lightfoot's  process. 

60.  An  Indian  chintz,  design  upon  pure  wool. 

61.  The  same  design  upon  mLied  fabric  of  cotton  and 
wool. 

62.  A  full  chintz,  effected  by  only  two  block  printings, 
upon  a  mixed  fabric  of  cotton  and  wool. 

[Formerly  the  application  of  coloured  designs  to  fabrics 
of  various  kinds  was  entirely  effected  by  what  is  called 
block-printing,  and  which,  in  fact,  closely  resembles  type 
printing.  A  block  of  wood  or  metal,  or  a  combination 
of  both,  being  engraved  with  the  pattern,  received  the 
colour  by  the  ordinary  means,  and  this  was  then  trans- 
ferred by  hand  to  the  fabric.  For  every  different  colour 
a  different  block  was  required,  and  in  complicated  pat- 
terns, with  many  colours,  the  process  was  excessively 
tedious.  It  is,  however,  still  largely  employed  where 
g^reat  care  in  the  application  of  the  colour  and  sharpness 
of  definition  in  the  pattern  is  required,  but  block- 
printing  can  only  be  remunerative  in  the  better  descrip- 
tions of  goods,  as  the  infinitely  more  rapid  and  econo- 
mical process  of  cylinder  printing  has  almost  superseded 
it  for  the  production  of  those  of  commoner  kinds. — 
R.  E.]  

39  Sale,  John  Nicholas,  Manchester — Producer. 
Collection  of  shirtings,  printed  by  machine.     Collec- 
tion of  cottons,  printed  by  machine  and  block. 

Specimens  of  Irish  linen,  bleached,  printed,  and 
finished  by  the  exhibitor. 

40  Bradwell  &  Adamb,  Ardwick,  Manchester — 

Producers  and  Designers. 
Printed  velveteens,  in  different  colours;  design,  a  me- 
mento of  the  late  Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bart. 


41  Salis,  Schwabe,  &  Co.,  Manchester — Producers. 

Printed  cotton  cambrics,  or  calicoes.  Printed  cotton 
muslins.  

42  Benecke,  Willlam,  &  Co.,  Manchester — Producers. 
Printed  calicoes,  muslins,  furnitures,  and  velvets;  and 

^varps,  after  printing,  manufactured  by  Thomas  Knight 
&  Co.,  Manchester. 

43  Andrews,  W.,  &  Co.,  Manchester — Producers. 
Specimens  of  dyed  cotton  velvet. 

44  Eesselxeter  &  Mellodew,  23  Cooper  Street, 
Manchester — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Patent  velvets  and  velveteens,  partly  manufactured  of 
cotton,  and  partly  of  cotton  warp  and  linen  weft,  dyed 
and  padded,  various  colours,  and  finished  in  imitation  of 
silk  velvet.  Cotton  velvet  and  velveteen  of  the  old  moke. 


44a     Andrews,  Williams,  &  Co.,  Tipping  Street, 
Ardivick,  near  Manchester — Producer. 
Specimens  of   Eesselmeyer    and    Mellodew's    patent 
cotton  velvet,  as  dyed  by  the  exhibitors. 

45     WooDCHOFT,  John,  &  Co.,  &i//ord— Printers. 

Velvet  and  velveteen.  Cable  cord.  Fancy  elastic 
hair  cord.  Beaverteens.  Satintop.  Diagonal  tweed. 
Constitution  cord.  Fancy  cut  thickset  cords,  and  tiU>by 
cord. — All  grey  as  from  the  loom,  and  specimens  of  each 
printed  in  various  patterns  and  colours. 

4G  Qreenwood  k  Barnes,  frteell  Springs,  Bacnp — Dyers. 

Fancy  cotton  muslins,  dyed  Turkey  red;  varying  only 
in  pattern. 


47  SinPSON  &  TouNO,  FoxhUl  Bcmk,  Aeeringtm,  and  23 

Mosley  Street,  Manchester — ^Producers. 

Bnlzarines,  bareges,  and  mouaseline-de-laines,  mixed 
fabrics,  and  muslins  of  cotton  texture,  in  various  com- 
binations  of  colourings;  printed  b^  machine. 

Cambrics  in  various  combinations  of  colourings,  in 
madder  and  steam-work,  printed  by  machine. 

Cotton  velvets,  printed  oy  mabhma. 

48  Mercer,  John,  Acorington — Inyentor. 
Specimens  of  cotton  cloth,    printed,    dyed,   and   in 

different  stages  of  manufacture:  prepared  by  a  patent 
process.  This  patent  consists  in  subjecting  cotton,  and 
other  fibrous  materials  to  the  action  of  caustic  soda  of 
suitable  strength  and  temperature,  whereby  the  fibraa 
become  contracted  and  fulled,  converting  thin  and  coana 
cloth  into  strong  and  fine  ;  at  the  same  time  givii^ 
greatly  increased  and  improved  powers  of  receiving  colors 
in  printing  and  dyeing,  and  also  in  making  them  mora 
permanent.  

49  MoNTEiTH,  Henrt,  &Co.,  11  Oeorge  Square,  Olasgow — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  Turkey  red  yams  and  cloths. 

IVinted  handkerchief,  garments,  furnitures,  scaria,  and 
shawls,  in  Tiu>key  red. 

Printed  cotton  handkerchiefs  and  shawls,  in  maddsr, 
indigo,  and  steam  colours. 

49a        Cairns,  J.,  9  CharhtU  Street,  MemchegUr^ 

Manufacturer. 
Fancy  cotton  muslins  dyed  Turkey  red. 

50  M'Nair  &  Brand,  Glasgow,  and  23  Friday  SL,  Lomdm 

—Manufacturers. 
Printed  shawls.    Long  and  square  woollen  hhnoB,    In- 
dian styles.     Registered  designs. 

51  Black,  Jabies,  &  Co.,  Olasgow — Manufkotomm. 
Printed     cambrics,     muslins,     mousaelinea-de-laineiy 

Bareges,  and  other  fancy  cotton,  woollen,  and  silk  fiibrica. 
The  cloth  is  manufactured  chiefly  by  power-loom,  and  by 
hand-loom  weavers  in  the  west  of  Scotland  and  north  ot 
Ireland. 

52  GoURLiE,  \Vm.,  &  Son,  8  South  Frederick  81,,  Glasgm 

— Denigners  and  Printers. 
Printed  muslins,  on  plain  and  fancy  fsbrios,  mannlac- 
tured  for  the  home  and  foreign  markets.    The  dahlia^  a 
patented  colour.     Designs  registered  by  the  exhilntors. 


53  Monteith,  John,  &  Co.,  51  Buchanan  Street,  Glasgow 

— Manufacturers. 
Printed  muslins  and  jaconets. 

Printed  mixed  fabrics, — silk  and  wool,  and  cotton  and 
wool. 

54  Kerr  &  McMillan,  44  Friday  Street,  and  at 

G  lasgote.  — Manufactiu«rs. 
Two  printed  silk  pocket-handkerchiefii,  exhibited  for 
fabric  and  design. 

55  CussoNS  &  Co.,  51  Bunhill  /?otr— Manufacturers. 
Cotton  velvets,  dyed  and  embossed  by  the  exhibitMB, 

56  SnuLiNO,  William,  &  Sons,  Olasgow-^ 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  Turkey -red  dyeing  and  printings  on  ootton 
fabrics.  

56a     Bbo>dI£,  W.,  Asylum  for  the  Blind,  Glasgow — 

Producer. 

Specimens  of  work  wrought  by  the  female  inmatasy 
under  the  direction  of  Miss  Lamond  : — 

Silk  purses,  long  and  round.  Sofa  and  toilet  cushiona. 
Polka  jacket.  Set  of  nine  fruit  mats;  set  of  twelve  dor- 
leys.  Bread-basket  cover.  Smoking  cape;  pair  of  stock* 
ings.     Babies'  boots  and  carriage  boots. 


KnCGDOM.] 


DYED  AND  PRINTED. 
Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  2  to  5. 


557 


A  part  of  tbe  Hoi  j  Scripturee  (the  Prophecy  of  Isaiah) 
in  nused  lettan,  for  the  use  of  the  hlind. 

Fire-bualid  mAb,  of  first  and  second  quality. --'Manu- 
bfCtured  br  the  blind  male  inmates  of  the  same  insti- 
tation,  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Semplo. 


Oi 


Ewnfo,  Obb,  &  Co.,  Glasgow — Manufacturers. 

Three  pieoes  of  Turkey-red  full  chinti  furniture  prints, 
printed  hj  blocks,  exhibited  for  fiist  and  brilliant  colour, 
and  new  st^le,  with  beauty  of  design  and  execution. 

Three  pieces  of  Turkey-red  chmtz  prints,  printed  by 
cylinder  marhine. 

Two  pieces  of  Turkey-red  chintz  furnitures,  combining 
fsstnssi  snd  brilliancy  of  colour  with  novelty  of  style 
■Dd  beauty  of  design  and  execution. 

One  piece  of  Tuikey-red  handkerchief,  printed  by 
dischstyag-presi  and  copperplate. 

One  piece  of  Turkey-red  handkerchief,  printed  by 
blocks. 

[Tinkey  red,  which  is  represented  so  lai^ly  in  this  ex- 
hibition in  the  hangings,  banners,  &c.,  is  a  dye  derived, 
by  a  tedious  process,  from  madder.  It  appears  to  have 
originated  in  India,  but  the  art  is  now  carried  to  great 
perfection  by  many  continental  dyers,  and  by  the  dyers 
and  ealico-printsfs  of  this  country.  Peculiar  circum- 
stances, whether  in  the  manipulation  or  in  the  material 
doea  not  appear  ascertained,  have  rendered  different 
fcMalitkis  and  manufMrturers  celebrated  for  the  brilliancy 
of  this  dye.— R.  £.] 

bS  Walihaw,  Johh,  &  Sons,  North  Bridge,  JIalifax— 

Dyers  and  Producers. 
Specimens  of  variously  dyed  two-fold  thirties,  worsted 


59  Hitch,  M.,  47  High  Street,  Cowes,  Isle  of  Wight— 

Producer. 

Hair,  to  show  the  effect  of  dye. 

WooU.  fthowing  different  dyes  applied  without  fire- 
Leat  fur  dying  woold  and  woollen  yam«  (for  weaving 
cVtth*,  caq>eti*,  nipj),  and  clothe  when  woven. 

H'^m,  stained  without  the  application  of  soda  or  pot- 
a<*b.  t«>  imitate  tortoij«ii»hell,  the  stains  not  readily  affected 
by  damp  or  sea-air. 

Tl*«  marone  coloiin*,  r>,  r>,  7,  and  8,  were  produced  in 
i4  hoiiry,  and  by  the  application  of  fire-heat  may  he  pro- 
♦J'jt"»-*1  in  15  minutes  from  the  time  of  its  leaving  the 
n  'jun-'r'**. 


♦>  ►     Le  LiEvaE.  H.,  8  (Vreluul  Street,  Mile  Eiul  Iload— 

Producer. 
S|iecimenj4  of  bla<k-clyed  Hilk. 

♦*1         JrtCaDAi.v,  W.  I).,  r,o  MiWm  Street,  Crij>plegatc — 

IVoducer. 
(.'■tl'jiire'l  and  Mack  «[)ecimeni»  of  silk  dyeing. 


»V2  ^'habot.  Philip  J.,  Sj >it'tl fields— Vroducer. 

>j»»-cinit.'ns  of  Kn^li^h  fleecy  and  worsted  yams,  and 
iVrliii  w*wil.  cotton  an<l  linen  yam.-*  and  Hkein-Hilkn, 
I^'ad'-in  dyerl,  in  \-arious  colours  and  Hliade«;  scarlet  and 
•  r-.:;i*on  in^rsun. 

Tlie  c*/tt«»n  and  linen  coloun*  are  from  a  new  U5«e  of 
a  kxi*  wn  c«»lourin!;  matter.  The  colourn  from  chicory 
hs*-  »t  prwfcnt  "nlv  a  novelty. 

Th#*  »}-tve  are  all  from  the  dye-works  of  the  producer, 
Sp.udnelils,  L<»ud<tn. 


»'..i      RinrN'OLDs.  Sarah.  &  Son,  Tcm/de  Street,  JLichnrn 

/.'  "I'/  —Producers. 
Sj«pciineiii*  of  ^kein-rtilk  dyeing. 

♦  .  \x  MAim,  Sox.  h.  Co.,  Fridti/  Street,  Clt'^apsidi  — 

Manufacturers  and  IViutern. 
lYinted  flaimcLi. 


64  McCalmtm,  Government  School  of  Design,  Manchester, 

Panoramic  history  of  the  calico  printing  of  Manches- 
ter, comprising  specimens  of  the  trade  since  its  rise  and 
during  its  progress  to  the  present  time,  arranged  in  chro- 
nological order,  and  illustrated  by  views  in  and  about 
Manchester. 

Designs  with  Classes  5  and  6  on  the  North  Wall, 
Avenues  28,  29,  and  30. 


64a    Bbadburt,  Oreatorex,  &  Beall,  Aldermanburg — 

Producers. 
Specimens  of   wood    cut  printing  for    pocket-hand- 
kerchiefs. 

65  Carter,  — ,  Designer. 
Designs  for  paper-hangings. 

66  Hudson,  Charles,  Merton,  Surrey — ^Designer. 
Designs  for  printed  shawls. 


67  Waterson,  J.  A.,  22  Ormond  Street,  Chorlton-on- 

Medlock — Designer. 
Designs  for  printed  muslins. 

68  Kay,  Henrt,  Ravrtenstall,  Manchester — Designer. 
Designs  for  mousseline-de-laine  and  cotton  muslin. 


69  Fletcher,  John,  Altrincham — Designer. 
Design,  11  colours,  repeat  of  sketch,    11   inches  by 

8  inches. 

A  smaller  design,  9  colours,  repeat  of  sketch,  8  inches 
by  6  inches,  intended  for  block  work. 

70  Gauthorp,  — ,  Designer. 
Design  for  ornamental  panel. 


70a  Green,  Harrt,  Melbury  Park,  Dorchester — Designer. 
Designs  for  printing  on  calico  and  mousselinc-de-laine. 

71  Hammerslet,  J.  A.,  Principal  of  the  School  of  Design, 

ifunchester — Designer. 
Picture  in  oil  colours,  shoAvinp  the  principles  upon 
which  floral  fonn.s  are  adapted  to  designs  for  textile  fabrics; 
exhibiting  a  centi-al  picture  of  a  comfK)sition  of  flowei'S, 
imitated  from  nature,  surrounded  by  2<>0  geometrical 
spaces,  each  containing  a  sepai'ate  design,  and  showing  the 
mode  of  applying  these  flowers  to  manuftictures. 

[For  textile  fabrics,  natund  flowei*s  have  been  repre- 
sented under  conventional  forms;  so  that,  without  de- 
parting from  the  original  type,  the  chai-acter  of  de^sign 
ma}'  not  be  j)ictorial.  The  patterns  of  Ejisttmi  Chintzes 
are  but  f^mta-^tic  imit.itions  of  flowers;  and  the  pure  taste 
of  ancient  Greece  discju'ded  from  female  dress  all  orna- 
ment but  that  of  a  flat  chsmicter:  whei*e  bordei-s  of  the 
vine  or  i\'y-leaf,  or  of  the  honeysuckle,  have  been  julojited, 
they  are  flat.  The  oriental  Cachmere  style,  the  stuffs 
and  cju'pet.s  of  Persia  and  Turkey,  the  TaH^in  of  the 
Scot,  the  Arabesques  of  ancient  Rome  an<l  Moorish  de- 
conition,  while  admitting  of  everj'  variety  or  beauty  in 
design  or  colour,  are  examples  of  a  flat,  as  opposed  to  a 
relieve<l,  pictorial  style  of  (»niament — R.  Hi:.] 

72  Watkrhouse.  Jonathan,  M^nirhcaier — Pattern 

l)i.'si^U'r, 

Ornamental  design  for  a  dress  skirt,  aj»plicable  for 
printing  upon  fabrics. 

('<»loure<l  de-<igns,  arnniged  for  sev*  n-inrh  rejM-at  of 
sketch,  a<laptod  for  machine  printing  on  fabrics:  Spring, 
represented  by  the  snow-droj*;  Summer.  labunuim; 
Autumn,  n;isturtitim;  Winter,  misletoe  ;  M<»niiiig  and 
Evening,  poppy. 

715  Pkrcival.  Jomki'II,  .lA/«'A«>7r/  — Designer. 

Designs  for  mousseline-de-laine. 


74 


Designii  f«>r  muslins. 


Cadman,  — ,  Designer. 


558 


Clabs  18.— woven,  felted,  AND  LAID  FABRICS,  DYED  AND  PRINTED. 

Areas  L.  M.  N.  0.  2  to  5. 


76  Whittaker,  Jabies,  Manchester — ^Designer. 
Design  for  mufllin. 

77  Lenkon,  Richard,  Mancficster — Designor. 
Various  designs  for  muslin. 

79  Bridgbb,  — ,  Designer. 

Designs  for  printed  fabrics. 

81     Roberts,  T.,  JV>»/?  Street,  Altrincham — ^Designer. 

Six  fiye-coloiir  designs  for  mousseline-de-lame;   with 
block-work  enclosed  in  the  same  frame. 


82  Jarvies,  — ,  Ifalrne,  Manchester — Designer. 
Designs  for  printing. 

83  HoBBS,  William,  33  Great  Jackson  Street,  Jlulme— 

Designer. 
Design  applicable  for  printed  chintz  furniture. 

84  Bramlet,  — ,  Designer, 
Various  designs. 

85  Rebb,  Mary,  School  of  Design,  Somerset  House — 

Designer. 
Designs  in  various  colours. 

86  Collins,  F.,  School  of  Desujn,  Somerset  House — 

Designer. 
Various  coloured  designs. 

87  AflHWORTH,  S.  A.,  Central  Female  Qoveminent  School 

of  Vesiijn — Designer. 
Various  designs  in  colours. 


88  Mansbendel^  Fred.,  63  Bread  St,,  City,  ^^  Acton  St., 

Qraifs  Inn  Road — Designer. 

Chintz  furniture  design,  practically  amnged  for  block 
printing. 

89  Smith,  John,  Sandiway,  Altrincham,  near  Memchetter 

—Designer. 

Designs  for  a  portiere,  or  doornMreen;  and  for  machine 
and  block  printing  on  silk,  mousaeline-de-laina,  and 
cambric.  

90  Hitkt,  J.  C— Designer. 
Various  designs. 


91  Heaviside,  John,  30  Bedford  Square — ^Designer. 

Designs  fur  China  and  papier  machd. 

Designs  for  decorative  paper  and  paper-hangings. 

Designs  for  cotton-prints,  &o. 

92  OtiJOTER, 'hUkXUL,  School  of  Design,  MancKesUr — 

Designer. 
Designs  for  borders,   in    which  natural   objects   are 
applied  ornamentally;  they  may  be  used  for  wall  pi^wn, 
carpets,  or  porcelain. 

93  Sandwat,  — ,  Altrinoham—DeaagDar, 
Various  designs. 


94    Oann,  Louisa,  School  of  Design,  Somerset  Hou9$ — 

Designer. 
Three  coloured  designs   for   mousseline-de-laine    or 
calico. 


TAPSSTfiT,  CARFETSi  FLOOR-GLOTHS,  LACE  AKD  EHBROIDERT    && 


INTRODUCTION. 


SoKB  of  OeoUeotoiiieliiaad  in  tUaClMapnHnt,  from  their  mnarkable  diBpodtion  in  the  Bofldii^  a  Uf^j 
■Itntilfa  and  mtoratnig  mmoKanoe,  nii{)raided  &otn  the  ^rden  orer  the  GBlleries,  uid  thni  displayed  to  Um 
tat  adnatag^  and  under  drcamatanoea  the  most  highly  nlonlated  to  devdc^  Qidr  peculiar  besntiM ; — the 
ywiiyw  of  catpets,  (dl-<J<Ahi,  and  t^watiy  mnat  be  conaideied  aa  oocnpying  a  very  promineat  Bpace  in  dia 

I'L-  i<  ::  i^l'ij  '~-\\~{  liws  )invt  :i  |:1iwe  under  the  general  Class,  incluuve  of  these  and  oHiei  articles; — A. 
T>i*-xin,  11  I  ir^Kis  III  ,ill  kinilH.  A\uiinaler,  Bnuaela,  EiddBnninstflr,  fto.,  HattinK.  OU-oloth,  Coanterpanes, 
aaa  >>nunwuiDl  Taix.-Hlrv  ui  iliii<iMii  Tutenals;  B.  Laos,  as  tillow-lace,  made  wholly  hy  hand,  and  HacUnB- 
wTMi^tlBoe;  C.  HewvA  nu'l  Li^ul' mad  Maalms;  D.  ^jahKiieTj hj bxod  and  inschinety,  and  in  diflerant 
■Htenals;  R.  Friugis,  Til-si's,  lV<    ;  1'.  Fancy  and  Industrial  Wwks, 

In  Uip  Hiiilcliii^,  objitiK  ill  I  III-  I  lii-iaro  placed  i^ainat  the  wall  in  the  Bonth  Qellery,  and  ananged  in  oaMS 
in  ili-^  '^iiti,  (lilt  :.!  r.:i>lLi\      I  II  |K  1:4  and  oil-dotha  are  mapended  from  the  gitden  in  the  Side  and  Cential 

'Iiill'-'        I  I-  <      ! I    :;ii:  East  Side  of  the  Transept.    The  carpets  exhibited  by  Her  Hajea^  the 

Qh^  are  Diaoed  oreihanging  the  comerneartbe'n*nsept  of  the  North  Central  Gallery;  of  these,  one  is  made 
ki  Aa  iHoal  BMUier,  and  is  intended  for  an  uiartanent  in  Windsor  Castle ;  the  other  ia  UtecomWedprodnctHn 
tt<m»  hondred  and  fifty  ladiea,  and  ia  wroo^t  in  Berlin  wool-work. 

"Bm  wtaahtHaa  of  tapestry,  sikIi  aa  caipets  and  oil-doth,  and  lace,  is  localiied  in  peculiar  disttiots,  ins 
miriaUs  maaner ;  EidaatBinster,  Wilton,  Glasgow,  and  H^az  contMn  extensiTe  bctoiies  solely  eugi^ied 
fa  A>  pmluulion  ol  the  varions  deacriptiong  of  carpets  in  ordinary  domestic  use.  The  application  of  tiie  power- 
loom  to  the  carpet  manufacture  is  recent,  and  its  use  is  extending.    A  )nt!at  variety  of  combination  of  materials 


i>  exhibited,  many  of  which  indicate  a  remarkable  departure  from  the  ordinary  method  of  manufacturing 


ring  carpeta 
a  ground  or 


and  similar  objects.     One  of  these  is  a  species  of  mosaic  tapestry  where  the  c 
foundation  of  caoutchouc. 

"nie  lace  productions  of  Honiton  and  Buckinghamshire  have  long  attained  universal  renown.  These  laces  are 
chiefly  wmufcht  by  hand  at  tbo  homes  of  the  persons  concerned  in  tlieir  manufacture ;  but  recently  a  combina- 
tion  of*machiue-tnade  lace  and  pillow-made  ornament  has  been  introduced  under  the  title  of  "appliqude  lace." 
Tbe  machine  lace  of  Nottingham  has  scarcely  an  inferior  d^rce  of  celebrity :  in  that  town  factories  are  in 
almost  ooostant  work  producing,  by  the  aid  of  a  large  number  of  the  most  delicate  and  costly  automatic  engines, 
this  slender  fabric.  In  a  preceding  Class  these  machines  are  described,  and  ore  eihibiled  in  motion  in  another 
part  of  tbe  Building.  In  tbo  South  Central  Gallery  are  some  beautiful  sjiecimcns  of  the  intricate  and  elegant 
ornamentation  capable  of  being  imparled  by  these  machines.  Of  the  lace  made  by  hand  various  interesting 
apedmens  are  shown  which  represent  much  patient  eGbrt  in  the  iuBtniction  of  tbe  poor  in  this  art,  and  conslder- 


eofd.    ^ 

Wotka  which  have  occupied  the  unwearied  producers  during  tho  leisure  hours  of  a 
Itis  Claaa,  and  display  a  largo  amount  of  industrial  pciaeverance. — B.  £. 


0  years  are  cxhiUted  in 


I,  DainxL,  81  Oxford  Strxel — Honufiuturar. 
ID  of  Honiton  lace,  representing  thearms  of  Her 
liberty  tbe  Queen  mad  H.K.U.  Prince  Albert,  encircled 
with  wreaths  of  [slm  uid  olive  branchee,  around  which 
the  nee,  thiitle.  uiil  ■hamrock  are  eetwined,  and  the 
whole  enelowd  in  a  border  of  oak.  Designed  b;  T. 
SiBrp,  and  manuhctared  by  Jobs  Tucker. 

Hetnton  nipur*  mantle.    Bridal  bcbtT  and  rich  flounce 
ia  Hoaitaa  Uce ;  the  pattern  composed  of  natural  flowers. 

Honitan  ahawl.      Honilon   Euipure  flounce.     Flounce 
of  point  d'Angleterre,  worked  in  Imitation  of  Brussels 

Bstbe,  handkerchief,  eoiBiite,  infant's  cap  and  collar 
cf  HocDtoB  laoe. 

Embtet^ery  as  a  apKimeD  deaipi,   for  making  ladi«' 


2  PiSHElt  ft  RoBlKSON,  12  Wallmg  Street— 

UaaufacturciB. 

Various  BAmplcB  of  black  silk  Uce  and  piece  gooila, 
BCarfs,  lapueta,  half  Hbawls,  lacea,  footiDKa,  loop  neta, 
white  blonde  maobine-rnn  curtains,  white  tambour  fluwer- 
ringii,  black  needlework,  quiltinge,  and  not4. 

3  GbuL'coo,  Copestabe,  Moore,  ft  Co.,  5  Bow 

Ch  urchi/nrJ—  Man  uf actu  rera , 

Honiton  work  point  lace,  i^ipiirc  lierthea,  lappets,  &e. 

Embroidered  mualin  sleeves,  collrim,  chemisettes,  mui- 
lin  trimmings,  infants'  capB,  and  child's  frocks. 

Buckinghamshire  lace. 

lAce  pillow,  with  lace  in  progress,  employing  upwards 
of  600  bobbiiiB,  each  having  a  seponite  thread. 

Specimen  of  lace  net  for  mosi}uito  ourtaina,  manu&c- 


U  iLLOSraATED  ClTALOOtnt.] 


2  X 


560 


Class  19.— TAPESTRY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Central  Gallery. 


[United 


tured  of  cotton  thread  ;  and  for  tho  application  of 
Brussels  and  Honiton  sprigs,  nianu£Eu;tured  from  cotton 
thread. 

Needlework  imitation  Brussels  x>oint  lace,  viz. :  a  dress 
and  train,  a  scarf,  berthe,  and  lap|>et. 

Victoria  prima  point  lace. 

[Few  departments  of  ornamental  industry  have  ex- 
perienced so  many  vicissitudes,  in  consequence  of  the  in- 
troduction of  mechanical  power,  as  that  of  the  lace  manu- 
facture. The  lace  of  Honiton,  in  Devon,  has  long  rivalled 
the  most  beautiful  and  costly  protluctiona  of  the  Continent. 
At  one  period  during  the  last  war,  veils  of  Honiton  laco 
sold  for  very  large  sums,  as  much  as  100  guineas  having 
been  paid  for  fine  8x>ecimens.  Honiton  lace  is  entirely 
made  on  the  pillow  by  liand  labour.] 


4  liAMBERT  &  Bury,  Limerick,  Irelaml — Designers  and 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  lace;  shaded  lace  floimcc;  shawl;  and 
worked  scarf,  in  imitation  of  Valenciennes ;  shaded  tunic 
lace  dress.  

5  Howell,  James,  &  Co.,  5,  7,  &  9  Regent  Street — 

Producers. 

Honiton  lace,  square  in  guipure. 

Honiton  guipure  lace  mantle  and  berthe. 

British  point  lace  berthe,  manufactured  at  Islington, 
being  an  imitation  of  the  Brussels  point  h  I'aiguille. 

'Wnite  glacd  silk  dress,  embroidered  with  bouquets 
of  flowers,  and  silk  apron  to  correspond,  as  specimens 
of  English  needlework. 

Brocaded  silk  in  various  colours,  forty  inches  wide, 
manufactured  in  Spitalfields. 


6  Weedon,  Francis,  Goldsmith  Street,  City — 

Manufacturer. 
British  point  lace  square,  and  specimens  of  flouncing 
of  the  same  fabric. 


8  Nerinckx,  Sisters,  10  New  Cavendish  Street — 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  lace. 


10  Laugher  &  Cosens,  97  Oxford  Street — 

Proprietors. 
Guipure  lace  half  shawl,  manufactured  at  Honiton. 


11  Weedon,  Frederick  Price,  29  Ijover  Street— 

Isl^ngten — Designer  and  Maimfocturer. 

A  lace  berthe  of  the  description  of  work  designated 
British  point. 

12  Pullan,  Matilda,  126  Albany  Street,  IlegenVs  Park 

— Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 

Modem  point  lace,  worked  with  a  common  sewing 
needle. 

13  Tawell,  Samuel,  10  Grcsham  Street  West^ 

Manufacturer. 
Tamboured  lace  scarf,  imitation  of  Honiton,  manu- 
factured in  London. 


14 


Gould,  J.  &  P.,  89  WatUnj  Street— 
Manufacturers. 
Registered  Victoria  lace  work,  in  la<lie8'  collars,  cuffs, 
capes,  sleeves,  caps,  and  trimming  for  laclies*  wearing  ap- 
parel.    Proiluced  entirely  by  hand. 


15    Uruno,  George  Frederick,  224  Rejent  Street— 

Manufacturer. 
White  laco  scarf,  m  imitation  of  Brussels  pomt, 
comiKwed  of  British  plants  and  flowers  in  needlework'; 
the  date,  1851,  encircled  with  the  rose,  thistle,  and 
shamrock ;  the  straight  lines  of  the  bonier  embroidered 
in  gold,  and  worked  upon  a  fine  clear  patent  net. 


16  Gard,  William  Snowdon,  268  Regent  Street — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
British  point  lace  scarf. 
British  guipure  lace  berthe,  a  new  mannfjtrtnre. 

1 7  BsEOO  de  la  Branchardiere,  Eleokorb,  1 06  New 

Bond  Street — Inventor  and  Manufistctorer. 

Crochet  work,  lace  berthe;  design,  rose,  shamrock,  and 
thistle;  the  same,  with  rose,  carnation,  &c.  Robe,  me- 
dallions. Altar  cloth.  Couvrette,  flowers.  Collars, 
various. 

Flounce,  imitation  of  Spanish  point  laoe.  Initial  letters 
in  silk,  flowers.  Vase,  flowers,  butterfly  and  snake.  Cor- 
nucopias.   Baby's  cap. 

Design,  in  silk  and  gold,  for  Prayer-book  covers.  Pair 
of  hand  screens,  appUqud.  Specimens  of  point,  and  of 
point  laoe. 

The  value  of  this  branch  of  needlework  laoe  is  its  dura- 
bility, and  the  facility  with  which  it  can  be  acquired  and 
executed.     The  designs  are  registered. 

18  Clarke,  J JLsi£,  \70  Regent  Street — Manufacturer. 
Royal  Irish  snow  point  lappet. 

Head  dress  of  Irish  rose  point. 

Scarf  of  Belfiut  loop  point. 

Chalice  cover  of  Irish  point. 

An  Irish  lace  flounce,  with  point  roses. 

Hibernian  point  collar. 

A  pocket  handkerchief  of  Irish  laoe. 

19  Ball,  Dunnicliffe,  &  Co.,  Nottingham — 

Manufacturers. 

Patent  elastic  velvet,  plain  and  mixed  pile;  mlk  elastic 
taffeta,  silk  elastic  fleeced  taffeta,  elastic  fabrics,  and 
Simla  shawls ;  all  from  warp-lace  machine.  Designed  by 
John  Wilkins. 

Lace  shawls.  Simla  nets,  falls,  quillings,  and  fancy 
breadths,  from  bobbin-net  machine. 


20  BiRKiN,  Richard,  Nottitujham — Manafactnrer. 
Black  silk  lace  edgings,  trimming  laces,  lappets,  flounces, 

falls,  fancy  piece-nets,  &c. 

White  silk  blondes. 

Woven  thread  laces  and  edgings. 

White  Valenciennes  edgings. 

An  exact  imitation  of  n^  Valenciennes-insertion,  black 
and  coloured. 

Mohair  laces  and  floimces. 

Guipure  h  dentelle. 

All  made  and  ornamented  by  machinery,  at  one 
operation. 

21  Adams,  Sam.,  &  Sons,  Nottingham — Manufiu^turera. 
Laces  and  edgings,  made  entirely  by  machinery. 

25    Heymann  &  Alexander,  Nottingham — ^Ptoprietora. 

Machine-wrought  cotton  lace  curtains,  with  raised  pat- 
tern; counter{)anes ;  "antimacassars." 

Cotton  extra  twist  Bnissels  net,  made  of  fine  thivad, 
various  kinds,  tised  for  Brussels  sprig. 

Zephyr  not,  used  for  ombroidery. 

Mechlin  net,  the  mesh  l>eing  the  same  as  that  made  by 
hand,  and  cotton  Brussels  quillings,  various. 

Block  silk  Jacquard  lace,  made  and  finished  entirely  in 
the  machine. 

Silk  Jacquard  shawl,  made  entirely  in  tho  machine. 

27     Waitlock  &  Billiard,  If'iry  Qate,  Noitingkam— 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  machine-wrought  cotton  Mechlin  laces, 
necille  embroiderc<l.     The  groundwork  made  from  No. 
520  yam,  spun  and  doubled. 


28 


Herbert,  Thomas,  &  Co.,  Nottingham— 
Manufacturers. 
Lace  of  various  kinds  from  the  vtiirp  machine. 
Crochet  lace  from  the  warp  and  twist  macliine. 
Blond  edgings,  from  tho  twist  machine. 


KlKODOM.] 


LACE  AND  EMBROIDERY,  &o. 
South  Central  Gallery. 


561 


29  Mallft  &  Barton,  Kottingham,  and  New  Basford — 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  silk  lace,  machine-wrought;  silk  lace,  part 
machine  and  part  needle- wrought;  silk  lace  fringes,  ma- 
chine-wrought; cotton  plat,  or  imitation  Valenciennes; 
cotton  laoea,  part  machine  and  part  hand-wrought;  and 
fancy  lace  trimmings,  machine-wrought. 

30  HoLLiMS,  Samuel,  Nottiwjham — lianufacturer. 
Lace  goods: — Machine-made  cotton  Brussels  nets  and 

laces,  figured  by  the  needle. 
Various  hosiery  goods. 

31  MooBE^  Samuel  Weston,  Hockley  Mill,  Nottingham — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  lace  and  net  made  from  No.  520  lace 
thread,  and  of  plain  net,  made  from  No.  630  thread. 

[The  application  of  machinery  to  the  production  of 
lace  is  rery  remarkable  and  interesting,  as  probably  few 
introductions  of  machinery  to  textile  manufactures  pro- 
duced 80  sudden  an  alteration  on  the  expiration  of  the 
patent  protecting  it,  in  the  ordinary  course  of  fabrication. 
The  bobbin-net  machine  was  invented  in  1809  ;  it  came 
into  general  use  in  1823,  and  an  immense  stimulus  was 
communicated  to  the  manufacture.  The  powers  of  pro- 
duction of  this  machine  are  to  hand  labour  nearly  as 
30,000  to  5,  and  the  lace  produced  by  it  has,  in  plain 
article*,  wholly  superseded  that  made  by  hand. — R.  £.] 


32    Reckless  &  Hioujng,  Nottingham — ^Manufacturers. 

Embroidered  white  lace  flounces,  falls,  scarfs,  shawls, 
berthes,  &c. 

Black  lace  floimces  of  all  widths,  falls,  scarfs,  shawls, 
berthes,  lappets,  coiffures,  &c.,  partly  embroidered  by 
machinery  (on  the  Jacquard  principle),  and  partly  by 
hand. 


33  ViGUBS,  WiLLAiM,  Nottingham — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  black  silk  lace  shawls,  scarfs,  mantles, 

fuUf*.  Ac,  the  produce  of  the  puwher  bobbin-net  machine; 
the  outline  introduced  by  subsecjuent  embroidery. 

34  Oreaslet  &  HopcRoFT,  Xottinijham — Manufacturers. 

Lace  a^ticlt•^^.     Jacquanl  pusher  ailk  shawl.     Figured 
nec»llework  -iluiwls,  falls,  &c. 


41     Stebgmaxn,  Henry,  &  Co.,  X<>ttltu)h<iin — Inventors 

and  Munufacturei-s. 
Fifi^ired  lace-curtiuns,  mivde  entirely  on  the  hicc  machine 
by  Jac^iuard  application. 


4.'»    FoRRjyT  &  Sons.  I'.il  Grafton  Street,  D'if'lin,  and 
.IVw';/  Cimrt  F'trfun/,  Limciuc': — ManufacturiTM. 

Lac<T»:  Royal  Irish  i^iipui-e,  Iiwh  applitpid;  Limerick; 
I'LiVi-k:  and  black  appliqn^. 

I-ice  drm<-*os.  tlouucin^s,  sqtiares,  scarfs,  mantles, 
|»>IkaM.  veils,  berthes,  han<lk«M-chiffs,  sleeves,  baby's 
r"l«i«,  robings,  lappets,  lace  collars,  &c. 


17  Vfci5Ciii,  Alexander  Mary  .Joseph,  21  Grc^illf  Street, 
U'tttun  <iitril''ti  — Munufiuturor. 

Artiticiiil  floWfi-s  in  wiHil.  Kisket  in  jxircelain,  contnin- 
inir  a  vjx^ii  variety  of  wcjoUen  tlown-rf.  Cane  baskrt. 
••'•utAiuin:;  a  piece  of  ^x-cn  turf  with  llowei-s.  Rustic 
♦  •.-•--ket  of  thiWfrs. 

I^r'je  pitve  of  the  **f^»en  tuif."  Application  of 
th--  •*  jrr«xrn  turf,"  «jr  ;» /W« /v<',  to  a  sniall  caqjet  or  r\v^. 
Mft.il  d'»wer-i»«)tH,  filleil  with  woollen  lluwors,  with 
-1.  mK-««. 

4**     Jantowski,  W.,  V-nk — Desi^qirr  and  Mann facttirer. 

St.it.- ch  lir,  of  rubv  coloure<l  f<ilk  velvet,  enihr<'i«li'i»vl 
with  ir"ld,  i«iIv».T,  and  jewels,  containing;,  on  tlieback.  tlu* 
r^'VAl  arms*,  aupporttis,  ncroll  and  motto,  with  wreath  of 
tl"W»T«,  in  which  the  r<»>H«  h*aves  are  raise<l  aiul  dit^icln  <1 


from  the  surface;  and  on  the  seat  the  coronet,  feathers, 
scroll,  and  motto  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  surrounded  by 
the  rose,  thistle,  and  shamrock,  exhibiting  ten  different 
styles  of  embroidery:  the  frame  of  the  chair  is  of  carved 
wood,  gilt. 

Banner  screen,  containing  the  arms  of  the  city  of  York, 
embroidered  in  gold,  silver,  and  silk,  upon  pale  and 
blue  satin,  and  mounted  on  a  carved  gilt  stand. 

Picture,  18  inches  by  12,  copied  from  a  German  paint- 
ing, embroidered  in  tent  stitch  with  silk,  on  mosaic 
canvas. 

49  Davies,  Mrs.  R.  E.,  29  ITarexcood  Square,  Regcnfs 
Park — Designer  and  Executor. 
Set  of  chess-men,  draught-men,  dice,  and  board  in 
needlework,  the  men  being  in  characteristic  costume; 
comiKwed  of  silks,  &c.  The  jiawns  are  representations  of 
Her  Majesty's  Body  Guard  of  Gentlemen -at- Arms,  in  their 
full  and  undress  uniform.  Designed  and  executed  by 
the  exhibitor. 

60    Rose,  Elizabeth,  Pa^jUer's  Pwy,  near  Towcester — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Full-sized  black  lace  dress.     Shawl.       Scarf  shawl. 
Veil.     Berthe,  made  of  black  pillow  lace. 


51      Mee,  Cornelia,  Jhith — Inventor,  Designer,  and 

Manufacturer. 

Banner  screen.  The  banner  composed  of  the  flags  of 
all  nations,  embroidered  in  fine  silks,  held  by  a  figure  of 
Peace,  modelled  from  Canova's  statue.  The  figure  leans 
on  a  pedestal,  and  with  the  right  hand  points  to  the 
epoch  of  the  Exhibition  with  an  olive  branch. 

Couch,  moimted  in  white  and  gold,  embroidered  in 
rare  natural  flowers. 

Occasional  chairs,  embroidered  on  velvet,  and  mounted 
with  white  and  gold. 

Curtains,  embroidered  on  white  Cachemire  and  stripes 
of  crimson  Genoa  velvet,  in  uncommon  and  beautiful 
flowers  from  nature. 

Cushions,  embroidered  in  shells,  from  nature. 

These  specimens  arc  exhibited  to  show  the  appliciition 
of  needlework  to  the  decoration  of  furniture.  Tlio 
needlework  of  most  of  the  articles  is  done  from  flowei-s, 
minutely  copied  from  Paxton's  Magazine  of  Botany. 

53  O'DoxNELL,  Mary,  09  London  Street,  FemJitoj,  and 
18  S't:>sex  Plitee,  Kcnsimjlvn — Designer  and  Manu- 
fiwturer. 

Specimens  of  a  new  and  improved  method  of  appliqud 
lace-work,  original  design.     Section  of  the  same. 

lilotting-hook,  ornamented  with  leather  W(»rk  on  an 
ultram;u"ine  ground,  intertwining  the  emblems  of  Great 
Brit^iin,  surmounted  by  the  Prince  of  Wales's  plume  and 
motto. 

Articlesof  ormuiient  in  guttapercha,  leather,  and  fancy 

WO()«l. 

Hand-screens  in  gilt  frames.  New  application  of 
stam|KMl  gutta  i>ercha.     I^eservcd  real  Howers  and  em- 

broiderv. 

(,'heval  screen,  a  pe;icock  emhroiilered  in  wool. 
Codar  V>ox,  ornamenti'd  with  carving. 
Ultramarine  box,  ornamented  with  lenthfr  work. 
Conversation  hand-screens.     Educational  hand-screens. 
CountiiTiane,  of  new  pattern. 


r).-)         TrEADWIN,  C.  K..   J;  C't/>e.fr.,l  y.inl,  Kntrr  — 

Manufjicturt'r. 
Devonshire,  or  Iloniton.  j>< tint -lact;  flounce,  bortlie,  nnd 
la])pet;  de>»igns  jinx-ured  from  the  (Jovernnu'nt  School  of 
Design,  SoniL-rsct  Hous*',  London. 

5»*»     Onion,  Ei.izauktii,  .".>^  />.■■> '.I  ytr,-  f,  JUriniinjh.nn  — 

Manufacturer. 
Vrlvrt  dra|M'ry  vidanrc,  worked  with  gold   nilk  braid, 
on  <lark  crinnon  velvet  ^'round,  (Mii;iinent«'<l  with  tii>-*rl."<, 
dn)ps,  an<l  frim^«*,--N»\v  design. 

(.'rims<)n    \alance  frin'.<t%    in  silk   an<l    worsted,    onia- 
menteil   with   h.vii;/»T-<.      N   w  diMpcrv  ro|>c\   rofM>ttes  :iinl 

J   X    J 


562 


Class  19.— TAPESTRY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Central  Gallery. 


[Ukitkd 


festoooB,  in  crimfion,  gold,  and  white  silk.  New  diamond 
Valance  fringe,  in  silk,  ornamented  with  gimp  head, 
hangers,  rosettes,  gimp  ornaments,  &c.  Restored  bell 
lever  ornaments. 

Curtain  holder,  with  one  tassel  and  two  pendants,  in 
crimson,  white,  and  gold. 

Ornaments  for  valances,  in  a  variety  of  colours  and 
designs.     New  patterns  of  coach  and  railway  carriage  lace. 

Patterns  of  glass  string,  giiard  string,  and  other  car- 
riage trimmings. 

67       Brown,  Sharpe,  &  Co.,  Paisley,  and  18  Watlitig 
Street,  L<mdon — Manufacturers. 

Embroidered  and  tamboured  book  muslin  dresses. 

Embroidered  scollop  and  insertion  trimmings,  flounces, 
collars,  habit-shirts,  chemisettes,  sleeves,  pincushion 
covers,  handkerchiefs,  and  night-caps. 


58  Brown,  S.  R  &  T.,  Olnsgow — ^Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  muslins    embroidered    by  the    female 

peasantry  of  Scotland  and  the  North  and  West  of  Ireland, 
consisting  of  ladies'  and  children's  dresses,  collars,  cax>s, 
chemisettes,  habit  shirts,  trimmings,  &c. 

59  Park  &  Thomson,  Olasfjow — Manufacturers. 

Children's  sewed  robes;  ladies'  collars,  sleeves,  hand- 
kerchiefs, fancy  habits,  chemisettes. 

Cambric  and  book  flouncings;  sewed  trimmings. 

60  Macarthur,  D.,  &  Co.,  Glasgow — Manufacturers. 

Hamilton  lace  goods.  White  dress;  black  drensos; 
coloured  dress;  black  cloak  or  mantilla ;  white  cujks; 
black  cax)e;  veils;  {Murs  of  sleeves. 

61  CoNNADGHT  ScnooM,  GImqow — Produccrs. 
Specimens  of  sewed  muslin. 

62  RoHERTSON,  John,  &  Sons,  Glasgow — 

Manufacturers. 
Sewed  book-muslin  and    cambric  squares  for  fancy 
covers  for  the  drawing-room  table. 
Specimens  of  embroidery. 
Samples  of  collars,  habit-shirts,  chemisettes,  &c. 

63  MTarlanb  &  PoRTEUS,  33  Queen  Street,  Glasgow 

— Manufacturers . 

Specimens  of  embroidered  black  and  white  muslin 
collars,  chemisettes,  habit-shirts,  and  sleeves  for  mourning. 

Black  silk  lace  veils,  black  and  white  lace  clonks,  and 
black  lace  flounced  embroidered  robe  skirt,  exhibited  for 
superiority  of  work. 

64  Brown,  H.,  100  &  104  Virguwi  Place,  Glasgow^ 

Manufacturer. 
Sewed  book  muslin  collars ;  imitation  cambric  or  jaconet 
collars;  frilled  chemisettes,  on  book  muslin;  fancy  habits; 
three  pair  of  sleeves  or  cuffs;  four  cambric  handkerchiefs, 
embroidered  on  French  lawn ;  embroidered  book  muslin 
dresses ;  patterns  of  book  and  cambric  scollop,  and  inser- 
tion triumiings  and  flounces. 

65  MacQuarie,  Fisher,  &  Co.,  Glasgow — 

Manufacturers. 
Black  silk  lace  shawl,  veil,  and  apron. 
White  cotton  and  linen  lace  dress. 
White  silk  and  gold  under  sleeves. 
Coloured  silk  and  gold  apron  and  parasol  cover. 


(j(S 


Macdonald,  D.  &  J.,  &  Co.,  Glasgow — 
Manufacturers. 
Ehnbroidery  on  book  muslin.     Ladies'  collam,  chemi- 
settes ;    habits,    caps,    &c.      Child's    caps    and    collars. 
Embroidery  on  jaconet    and  cambric;    ladies'   collars, 
chemisettes,  sleeves,  caps,  8cc. 

Embroidered  French  cambric:  ladies'  handkerchiefs, 
child's  caps.  Embroidere<l  baby  linen :  infants'  robes, 
bodies,  and  caps;  child's  frocks,  &c.    Embroidered  trim- 


mings; jaconet  and  book  edgings  and  insertions;  cambric, 
book,  and  mull  flounces. 

67  Simpson,    Mius,     5    AUermanbwry   Postern,    4 

MUk  Street,  Manchester,  Leek,  and  Derbif — 
Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  the  leading  classes  of  nw  silks,  from 
France,  Italy,  China^  Ben^,  and  Turkey,  selected  by 
Messrs.  Durant  &  Co. 

Sewing,  netting  silk,  and  twist,  intended  to  show  the 
varieties  of  quality,  their  richness  and  beauty  of  colour. 

Sewing,  nettmg  silk  and  twist. 

Raven  and  jet  sovings,  in  weight  and  form  as  sold  in 
the  market,  of  four  qualities. 

Crochet  and  mohair  silk,  exhibited  for  quality  and 
price. 

Shoe  mercery,  consisting  of  silk  and  union  galloona, 
doubles,  braids,  and  round  silk  laces,  yellow  and  black 
borders,  8cc.    Specimens  of  union  cord. 

[In  1849  the  enormous  quantity  of  6,269,179  lbs.  of 
silk  in  its  several  conditions  of  raw,  waste,  and  thrown, 
was  imported  into  this  countiy.  The  manufiicture  em- 
ploys upwards  of  33,000  individuals,  and  is  carried  on 
in  nearly  300  silk  factories.  The  sum  annually  expended 
on  silk  goods  in  England  is  taken  at  considerably  upwards 
of  fifteen  millions  annually. — ^R.  E.] 

68  Foot  &  Sons,  38  Spital  Square — Manufiictorera. 

Various  fringes,  elastic  ribbon  trimming,  &c. 

Rich  dress  or  mantle  fringe,  with  figured  velvet,  terry, 
and  brocade  lace  heading,  a  combination  of  velvet  and 
brocading,  with  the  various  branches  of  art  used  in  trim- 
ming  manufactm^. 

69  Arthur,  Ann,  5  Mortimer  Street,  Cavendish  Sqture 

— ManufEUJturer. 
Silk,  worsted,  and  cotton  braids  for  figuring.  Silk, 
worsted,  and  cotton  fancy  netted  buttons.  Silk  fringes 
for  ladies'  mantles;  gimps  for  children's  dresses;  girdles 
and  tassels.  Silk  and  cotton  olivets.  Silk  military 
braids  and  frogs. 

70  Gabriel,  J.  W.,  135  Ilegcnt  Street — Manu&cturer. 

Specimens  of  English  embroidery,  on  silk  and  woollen 
goods  for  waistcoats. 

71  Danby,  Ch.uiles  &  Thomas,  14  Coventry  Street, 

and  43  Ncto  Bond  Street — Manufacturers. 

Crochet  silk  gimp  robing,  resembling  the  rose  leaves 
and  flowers,  with  buds,  and  made  in  the  natural  colours. 

Various  specimens  of  a  Brandenbui^gh  crochet  silk  gimp 
trimming,  ladies'  dresses;  of  girdles,  in  various  coIourB 
and  styles;  and  of  silk  fringes,  for  mantles,  dresses,  ke,, 
of  various  new  designs. 

Specimen  of  a  new  style  of  head-dress,  formed  of  crochet, 
silk  gimp  rings,  and  tassels  of  new  design,  and  of  various 
articles  for  ladies*  dresses. 


72 


Bradbee,  O.  W.,  115  Newgate  Street — 
Manufacturer. 

Needlework.  Tapestr}'  worked  by  Mrs.  James  Marsh, 
Lordship  Road,  Stoke  Newington.  Liandseer^s  Horses  at 
the  Fountain.  The  Hawking  Party.  Anne  Boleyn  and 
Cardinal  Wolsey.  The  Moral  Lesson.  The  Monk.  The 
Hawk. 

A  group  of  flowers,  mounted  as  table  or  screen,  the 
stem  ornamented  with  flowers,  &c.,  made  of  leather. 

A  bird  mounted  as  above,  the  stem  covered  with  tram 
silk  by  hand  and  wheel. 

New  fringes,  for  sacred  edifices  and  rooms. 

Patterns,  gimps,  tassels,  dress  trimmings,  &c. 

74  Evans,  R.,  &  Co.,  24  Wutling  Street^ 

Manufacturers. 
Cornice,  bullion,  and  silk  ornament  fringe.    Boll-pulls. 
Curtain-holders.    Silk  cords,  gimps,  tassels,  and  rosettes. 


KlVODOM.j 


LACE  AND  EMBROIDERY,  &c. 
South  Central  Gallery. 


563 


Articlas  OMd  for  trimming  ladies'  and  children's  dresses 
and  mantles.  

75  Bdbgh,  Robert,  42  Bartholomew  Cloae— 

Manufacturer. 

SpednMn  of  deep  bullion  fringe,  wove  to  shape,  trimmed, 
and  ornamented  for  window,  with  cornice  gimp  attached. 
Valanoe  for  window. 

Specimens  of  ornamental  hangers,  drops,  pendants, 
fringes,  ropes,  ^[imps,  cords,  and  tassels  for  drapery,  &c. 
Rosette  medallions.  Ornamental  watch  hooks  for  beds, 
4e. 

76  Babbett  k  Cornet,  70  Littie  Brit'tm — ^Manufacturers. 
Bsrs  of  silTer-gilt  and  silver  wire.    Wire-drawing  plates 

with  holes.  Hwoks  and  bobbins  of  gold  and  silver  fine 
wire.  Qold  plates,  or  flattened  wire,  used  in  headmgs  of 
Laoosahire  cloths,  Scotch  muslins,  &c.  Qold  and  sUver 
plates,  used  in  spnning  gold  and  silver  threads, 
of  Italian, 


Bengiil,  and  China  raw  and  thrown 
nlka.  The  same,  dyed  to  colours  used  in  gold  and  silver 
threads. 

An  assortment  of  gold  and  silver  threads,  used  in  the 
manoCKture  of  laces,  embroidery,  and  epaulettes;  also  in 
l**i*<*"^  of  cloths  and  muslins;  of  gold  and  silver  bul- 
Uons,  used  for  military  and  naval  sword  knots,  epau- 
lettes, taasels,  &c. ;  of  gold  and  silver  purls,  plates,  and 
spam^es,  used  in  embroidery;  and  of  gold  and  silver 
^ords,  braids,  and  (pmps,  used  for  aguilettes,  epaulette 
crescents,  &c. 

Qold  and  silver  laces. 

Fine  specimen  of  embroidery  in  gold  threads,  purls, 
plates,  and  spangles.  Designed  and  worked  bv  Rebecca 
AbnJiam,  embroiderer  to  the  Queen,  5  Lisle  Street, 
Leieaster  Square. 

77  Ibhh  Work  Society,  233  Regent  Street — Producers. 

ShawU  osps,  and  other  specimens  of  Curroh  lace,  imi- 
tation of  BruiiselB.  Specimen  of  black  appliqud  lace. 
Bertha,  trinuning,  l^pets,  caps,  and  other  Rpecimens  of 
guinure  crochet.  Trimming  and  collars  of  real  guipure, 
made  from  old  models. 

Lej^hora  and  Tut^c.m  plait,  ma<le  from  Irish  grasseg, 
oLtii  a  bat  of  the  ariDic,  and  H{K.'cimenH  of  ritniw  plait. 

Si»ecinienH  of  cruchet  from  Donegal  and  other  localities, 
aj'plicstble  for  dre*»i«  or  funiiture. 

TabinetM  <»r  jM)pliurt,  from  Mi*«.  Moran,  Du))lin. 

lilnik  an  I  white  pillow  lace,  made  under  the  direction 
of  I^uly  L«»uitia  Tij^he. 

Miiltem;  lace,  mwle  at  the  Cuinelite  convent,  Water- 
f..H. 

Kme  knittinj^,  from  varioiw  localities. 

lii.kck  silk  mittens,  knitted  tuid  netted. 

(.:Li]d'i)  fn»ck,  braid  imitiition  of  guipure. 

<1iild*i«  friK-k,  cruchet  guipure. 

H'»unce  ainl  trimmiu'^,  imitition  guipure. 

S|»*:vim«'iis  of  enil»n)idery,  worked  <i"  ''/'/;«'•,  fnnn  Mid- 
dk-t<>n  c«»nvent,  and  Mrs.  O'Donovan,  of  Cloiuikilty. 

Si-^iuKTw  of  embroider}'  from  the  county  Kerry,  Mi-s. 
N.ijHT.  of  ly»ugherew,  and  other  localities. 

Sjn?i.imens  of  plain  wt>rk  from  liiillymena  and  the 
c»»«inty  Kerry. 

S|»<iimeni«' of  woven  cotton  liosierj-,  manufactured  by 
M'M.^n*.  Smyth,  of  lialbriggjm,  an<l  M  Lower  Abbey  Street, 

M-it*  of  Irijih  wo^l,  from  Carbury,  county  Kildare. 
S|*cimeiw  of  featiier  llowors,  from   the  Youghal  con- 
v»  nt. 

Hiir  chains  and  bnicelets. 

.*i[*^-im#*u-«  of  trimminirs  in  hnxlerie  Anglaiao. 

Fi'»werrt  and  feath»M-s  fr<»m  the  convent  of  Youglial,  &c. 

7*^     <'lark.  J.,  .V;  Hifh  Stnrt,  ///M/Z/r./— Producor. 
T.il'l<?-i;loth    embroidered    with     throiul     on    crimflon 


7'.*       Lr.W.  IU)BF»T.  8c  Co.,    W;  h'irv/  Strrrt,  Cc  tj>^il\ 

-  Manuf.uturers. 
lY.uttd  moluiir  tai^.'.-itry.     IMain,  embos.«*ed,  and  sha<le<l 
Um-cht    mohair   velvet.      Plain   and  brucodod   mohiiir 


velvets.     Printed  Chinese  velvets  of  mohair.    Livery  and 
other  mohair  and  worsted  plushes. 


80  Sdbb,  Joseph,  k  Son,  12  King  Street,  Cheapeide— 

Manufacturers. 
Silk  twist  of  different  colours,  in  balls  and  on  reels, 
and  in  hanks  and  skeins.     Manufeu^ured  at  Leek,  in 
Staffordshire. 

81  Hart,  George,  7  Market  Street,  May  Fair — 

Inventor  and  Manu&cturer. 
Registered     boxes,    candlesticks,    ornaments,    hand- 
screens,  and  designs  for  table  tops.     The  novelty  consists 
in  the  application  of  muslin  and  cotton  for  this  purpose. 
The  materials  of  British  manufacture. 


82  Smith,  Anderson,  &  Co.,  45  Chenpside,  and  19  Soitth 

JTanover  Street,  Glasgow — Producers. 
Infant's  cap,  embroidered  on  French  cambric;  infant's 
robe,  embroidered  on  fine  nainzook;  infant's  bassinette 
cover,  embroidered  on  fine  nainzook. 

83  Lambert,  Brown,  &  Patrick,  236  Regent  Street— 

Manufacturers. 
Army  and  navy  opaiilettes,  and  uniform  laces.  Coiu^- 
dreas  waistcoats,  richly  embroidered.  Masonic  regalia. 
Church  decorations,  embroidered  in  gold.  Cross,  with 
crown  of  thorns,  I.H.S.,  and  glory.  Fac-simile  of  the 
Bible  used  by  King  Charles  I.,  when  upon  the  scaffold  on 
the  day  of  his  martyrdom ;  the  cover  embroidered  in 
gold  with  all  its  enrichments,  copied  from  Smith's 
"  Collectanea  Antiqua." 

84  Jackson,  C,  10  Curzon  Street,  Mayfair — Producer. 

An   occasional    table,   moimted    with    appliquee   em- 
broidery. 

85  Harrison,  T.,  21  Brownlow  Street,  Bedford  Rotr, 

and  8  Bolton  Place,  Brompton^Desigaor  and 
Manufactui*er. 
Altar  cloth  and  cuflhicms,  of  rich  crimson  Genoa  velvet, 
embroidered  in  gold,  in  the  style  of  the  1 5th  century. 


80     Stikunc,  Mahy  Annk,  20  John  Street,  Bedford  Jiow 
— Derfigner  imd  Manufiicturer. 
A  fire-screen  worked  in  chenille,  &c.,  forming  an  orna- 
mental group  of  flowers. 

88      PcRCELL,  Frances,  :\  Neir  Burlington  Street — 

Producer. 
A  needle-worked  table-cover. 


DO     Sturmv,  Maria,  8  WcUinijtt.n  Street,  London  BruLje — 

Designer. 
Table-cover,  a  novel  method  of  embroiderj',  workeil 
with  the  needle,  and  without  patttini  of  any  sort. 

04  Barnard,  Evkiiki.da,  LUth-  B<ir<lpeld  Rictort/, 

if'iir  Ifinttiiotr — Manufacturer. 
Two  figures  in  IJerUn  wool  work,  intended  for  the  pur- 
pose of  keeping  door><  open. 

05  Barnf»,  U.  Y.,  Cit>/  lioii'l — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  dec<»nitive  floor  cloth. 

00     BATTER8,  Martha,  0  Ii->s4'-hill  Tcmice,  Brighton — 

I  )e8igii('r. 
Picture  in  tajx'stry,  repn-sentiug  (in  me«LUlion  style) 
Louis  XVIII.  an«l  George  III. 

07        Paynes,  Hachkl  A<;nes,  ('hmhuut,  Herts,  n4!ar 
}Vtilth'tm  Cross — Inventor. 
Knitting  deHigns:     In   the  centre  the  Qtieen,   Prince 
Albert,  the  Royal  Family,  and  the  Dtjke  of  Wrlliiijrton  ; 
around   the  circle   **  (i.>d   rt.ive  the  C^ueen;"    with   other 


dc  *igns. 


504 


Class  19.— TAPESTRY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Cbstbal  Galleby.  " 


[Ukited 


100    Benbow,  Mrs.,  11  Hanoter  Place,  Regents  Park 

— Producer. 
Three  Bpecimens  of  tapestry  embroideiy,   after  the 
ancient  Saxon  style;  designs  scripturaL 

102    Bessemer,  Elizabeth,  9  Judd  Street — ^Producer. 

Landscape  on  silk,  embroidered  in  a  new  style,  and 
suitable  for  a  screen. 


103    Blackburn,  Ann  Maria,  Beaumont  Hill,  Lmodn 

— ^Manufacturer. 

North-west  view  of  Lincoln  Cathedral,  worked  upon 
white  silk,  with  the  rovings  of  black  lutestring,  and 
manufacturer's  silk. 

The  frame  is  made  of  old  oak,  taken  from  the  Cathe- 
dral. 

106      Bottom,  James,  65  Brook  Street,  Derby — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
A  hearth-rug,  with  the  border  and  ends  formed  of  up- 
wards of  20,000  shreds  of  cloth,  and  the  centre  of  lamb's 
wool.  

108    Bridges,  W.,  Emham,  near  Oxford — Producer. 

Tapestry  wool-work,  '*  The  Last  Supper,"  after  Leon- 
ardo da  Vinci,  containing  five  hundred  thousand  stitches. 

110  Brinton,  Henry,  &  Sons,  Kidderminster — 

Manufacturers. 
Carpets  of  various  kinds : — Patent  velvet  tapostiy,  scroll 
and  flowers;  white  ground,  flowers  and  leaves;  cut  pile, 
or  super-Wilton,  group  of  flowers  and  foliage  in  self- 
colours;  dark  ground,  scroll  and  foliiigo;  white  ground, 
chintz,  all  registered  designs.  Patent  Axminster  velvet 
rugs.  

111  Rogers,  — ,  Wilton,  Wilts — Producer. 
S|)ecimen  of  embroidery — '*  Esther  and  Mordocai." 

112  Wilson,  Charlotte,  Guildfiall,  Broad  Sanctuary, 

Westminster — Designer. 
Netted  quilt  or  coverlid  for  summer  use. 

113  Brooks,  E.,  2  Chester  Place,  Kcnninjton — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  embroidery,  descriptive  of  English  history, 
exhibiting,  in  the  centre,  the  royal  arms;  at  the  top,  Her 
Majesty's  initials  and  crown;  on  the  right,  those  of  H.R.H. 
Prince  Albert;  and  on  the  left,  the  badge  and  initLiIs  of 
H.R.H.  the  Prince  of  Wales.  At  the  foot,  the  ancient  harp 
of  Ireland.  The  pomegranate  refers  to  Catherine  of  Arragon. 
The  trunk  of  a  tree  torn  up  by  the  roots  was  the  badge 
of  Edward  III.  and  his  son  Edward  the  Black  Prince,  and 
alludes  to  his  name,  Ekiward  of  Woodstock.  The  port- 
cullis and  fleur-de-lis  were  badges  of  the  Tudors.  The 
rose  on  the  sun  a  favorite  badge  of  the  l*lantagenet8.  The 
oiHjn  and  empty  pea  shell  the  ba^lgo  of  Richard  II.  The 
feathers  crossed  the  badge  of  Henry  VI.  The  dragon  was 
the  celebrated  ensign  of  Cadwallader,  last  king  of  the  an- 
cient Britons,  and  now  the  badge  of  Wales.  At  the  bot- 
tom the  white  horse  of  Saxony,  the  most  ancient  ensign 
of  the  House  of  Brunswick. 


114  Brown,  M'Laren,  &  Co.,  Kilmoi-nock,  Scotland — 

Mfuiufacturers. 
Velvet-pile  carpeting;    imiHjrial  three-ply  carpeting; 
Kidderminster  superfine  carpeting. 

115  Bright,  J.,  &  Co.,  22  Neic  Broicn  Street,  Manchester, 

and  20  Skinner  Street — Manufacturers. 
Patent  velvet-pile  and  Brussels  carpets  and  tapestries 
for  curtains,  portieres,  coverings  for  furniture,  &c.,  woven 
at  Rochdale,  in  Mr.  R.  W.  Sievier's  patent  power  loom, 
which  raises  the  terry  without  the  wire;  the  terry  is  cut, 
and  the  pile  raised  by  a  patent  application  whilst  the 
loom  is  working;  and  the  goods  wx)  printed  at  one  opera- 
tion in  all  the  colours  at  Crag  Works,  near  Macclesfield, 
by  patent  machinery,  invented  by  Mr.  Joseph  Burch. 


117       Bubton,  M.,  Libberton  Bank,  Edinburgh — 

Proprietor. 

A  shawl,  a  table-cover,  a  rug,  and  two  handkerdiiefs; 
knitted  on  wires  by  an  aged  person.  The  pattern  is 
original. 

Picture  frame,  in  imitation  of  old  carved  oak,  com- 
posed of  leather  and  putty.  The  design  of  the  pattern 
taken  from  old  carved  work. 


118      Burton,  Matiij>a  Sarah,  Asprmge,  near 
Faversham,  Kent — Manufiictiurer. 
"  Italian  girl,"  of  Berlin  wool;  in  fimcy  needlework. 


119     Calet,  J.  W.  &  F.  O.,  Windiwr— Designers. 

Diaphane,  transparent  silk  for  blinds,  with  design: 
Star  of  the  Order  of  the  Carter,  &c, ;  manufactured  for 
the  use  of  the  Queen  at  Windsor  Castle. 

Diaphane,  with  design:  the  Rose,  Thistle,  and  Sham- 
rook. 

122  Cardwell^  C.  &  T.,  Northampton — Manufiictqrera. 
Pillow-laoe — trimming  for  caps,  collars,  &c. 


123    KiOHTLET,  J.  T.,  Northampton — Manufactnrsr, 
Pillow-lace  for  trimmings  of  caps,  collars,  kc, 

125    Caulfield,  W.  B.,  54  Coal  Harbour,  Blachtatt^ 

Importer. 
Specimen  of  knitted  lace-work,  intended  for  a  baby's 
bassinet  cover. 

[The  poor  children  at  the  school  of  Ballyoastle  Quay, 
north  of  Ireland,  where  this  specimen  was  produced, 
have  been  for  the  last  few  years  chiefly  occupied  in  this 
species  of  hand  manufacture.] 

12G      Chambers,  Elizabeth  Rebecca,  Wilton  Square, 

Dublin — ^Designer. 
"A  contribution  carpet,"  worked  for  the  benefit  of  the 
''  Irish  Society  for  Promoting  the  Scriptural  Education  of 
the  Native  Irish." 


128  Chapman,  Elizabeth  Annie,  Great  Bowden, 

Market  Harborough — Producer. 

Tapestry  copied  from  a  painting  by  Leonardo  daYioci: 
Subject,  "The  Last  Supper." 

Exhibited  for  workmanship,  which  is  intended  to  give 
the  impression  of  a  painting,  even  when  closely  viewed. 

129  Clarke,  Eliza,  Ilackford,  by  Beepham,  Noneich — 

Producer. 
Collar,  in  point-stitch,  with  crochet  edge,  resembling 
Marguerite   guipure  lace;   collar,    crochet  and  needle- 
work, imitating  Brussels   point -lace;   collar,  wholly  of 
crochet,  similar  to  ivory  guipiue  lace. 

130  Clarke,  Esther,  18a  Margaret  Street, 
Caveiulish  Sjtiare — ^Manufacturer  and  Designer. 

Flounce  of  Honiton  lace,  five  yards  long,  in  the  manu- 
facture of  which  forty  women  were  employed  during 
eight  months. 

132  Cole,  T.,  &  Son,  18  Newgate  Street^ 

Proprietors. 
Specimens  of  Brussels,  Venetian,  and  IQdcUnniiister 
cari)eting. 

133  Collins  &  RiXj  Kidderminster— UsaiwfactvLren* 
Specimens  of  carpets. 


134  Constable,  Hannah,  Clonmel,  Ireland — Designer. 
Infant's  crochet  dress,  miade  of  white  thread. 


135      Cook,  William,  C<*t*sctcay,  Chippenham — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Cloth  table-cover,  7  feet  square,  made  witli    about 
thirty  thousand  pieces  of  broad  elotki 


KiSODOM.] 


LACE  AND  EMBROIDERY,  &o. 
South  Cbntbal  Galleby. 


566 


136     CoPBLAMD,  Fannt,  15,  Great  Charhtte  Street, 

Lir^rpool — Inventor. 
Sofift  pillow,  crocheted  in  imitation  of  tapestry. 

138    J03CB,  L.  v.,  33  Kiruj  William  Street,  London 

Bridge — Producer. 
An  embroidered  map  of  the  United  Kingdom,  showing 
the  chief  towns,  railways,  mountains,  lakes.  &c.     Framed 
in  English  pollard  oak.    Size,  3  feet  by  3  feet  6  inches. 
Executed  by  a  girl  fourteen  years  of  age. 


140     CmiGX,  Ellem,  Suhnm,  Cambridgeshire — Designer 

and  Maker. 
A  Teil  worked  by  the  needle,  exhibited  to  show  that 
lace  may  be  produced  by  the  needle,    equal    to    the 
Hooiton  laoe,  and  in  the  hope  that  it  may  be  the  means 
of  giring  employment  to  many  poor  needlewomen. 


141  Cboss,  Maet,  Paui  Street,  Bruio^Designer. 
Crochet  counterpane. 

142  CioMLET,  John,  &  Sons,  Halifax — Manufacturers. 

Large  pattern  of  mosaic  tapestry  for  the  walls  of  drawing- 
rooms,  with  portiere. 

Fstent  mosaic  ti^iestry  for  the  walls  of  dining-rooms; 
for  carpet  and  table-covers;  and  for  covers  for  sofiis  and 


Patent  mosaic  rugs:  subjects, — Tlie  British  Lion,  with 
appropriate  motto;  the  Tiger;  and  landscape,  and  other 
dwigns. 

Patent  relvet  carpet,  with  border  and  comers. 
Twelve  different  designs  in  patent  velvet  carpets. 
Pattern  in  patent  ti4)e8try  carpet. 

in  Kidderminster  and  Dutch  carpets;  and  of 
of  different  qualities. 


143     CiTXliDiGHAif,  WiLLiAic,  \^A.  Elizabeth  Street, 

Walworth — Designer, 
for  a  carpet,  scale  2^  inches  to  the  foot. 


144  CcxLiFFE,  Sarah  An\,  S^iffron  Waldcn — 

Inventor. 
Infimt'i*  knitUxi  robe,  consisting  of  1, 404,859  stitcboa, 
and  ♦ijS'W  yard*  of  cotton. 

1 45  Daniel  &  Cowins,  55  /fa-h^^rt  Street,  New  Xorth 

hold — I )ei*i^ierri  and  Enibnjidercrs. 
Bl;u;k  satin  einbrtiidenxl  waiKtcoat;  the  deftij^i  repre- 
•  nti*  Plenty,  Stren^h,  and   Health,  entwino<l  with  the 
UJitiooal  emblems,  worked  with  nilk  in  natunil  colours. 


140         Co^•^JlDI^c.,  Mrs.  Ida  Von — Designer. 

Newly- in vento<l  knitting,   the  embroidery  being  seen 
oiilv  on  one  Hide. 

147  Hardy,  F.  C,  0  M"Hnt  Stnrt  Crescent,  Ihihlin 

—  Pro<lucer. 
Si<x.'inien.-<  «if  knitting  from  Hackentown,  County  Car- 
I"W,  IreLuid. 

148  Davidwn,  William,  Lieutenant  Bombay  Artillery, 

J/ifLltn/t'in — ImiH)i-ter. 
Etiibnndcry  from  Hycieraba<l;  atlapted  for  table-clotLs, 
^liawU,  cu.thion}<,  &c. 


152  Ditl,  Betty,  23  Charlotte  St.,  Portland  PL— Artiai. 
Pictiu^  in  embroidery — "Tasso's  return" — in  imita- 
tion of  an  engraving. 

The  back  of  an  arm-chair,  embroidery  in  silk  and  gold, 
designed  on  velvet,  in  the  antique  style. 

Large  fire-screen,  embroideiy  in  silk,  chenille,  and 
gold,  in  the  modem  style. 

153  Duxon,  Viscount  C.  H.,  Loiighlyn  House,  Loughlyn, 

Ireland — Proprietor. 
Specimens  of  knitting  from  several  schools  on  the 
Loughlyn  estate  ;  and  of  frieze  and  flannel  manufactured 
and  worn  in  the  country. 

155  Dove,  Christopher  Weslev,  &  Co.,  Leeda — 

Manufacturers. 
Velvet-pile  Brussels,  Kidderminster,  and  Three-ply  car- 
pets; with  registered  designs. 

156  DowBiOGiN  &  Co.,  23  Mount  Street,  Qrosfoenor 

Square. — Producers. 

Carpet  made  at  the  patent  Axminstor  carpet  manufac- 
tory, Glasgow,  for  Her  Majesty,  designed  by  L.  Qruner, 
Esq. 

[The  production  of  the  peculiar  description  of  carpets, 
known  as  "  Axminster,"  form  the  principal  manufacture 
of  that  town.  It  appears  to  have  been  commenced  in 
imitation  of  the  style  of  Turkey  carpets,  but  a  variety 
of  patterns  have  been  produced.  The  same  kind  of 
carpets  are,  however,  produced  in  other  places.  The  thick 
and  soft  pile  of  these  carpets  distinguishes  them  from 
others.  In  the  present  example,  a  peculiar  modification 
of  the  ordinary  process  of  manufacture  has  been  intro- 
duced, by  which  the  worsted  is  thrown  to  the  surflEMje, 
and  does  not  appear  on  the  other  side  at  all. — K.  £.] 

157  Downing,  G.  &  J.  H.,  King's  Road,  Chelsea 

—  Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  floor-cloth. 

159      Ellis,  Sophie  A.,  KUdcmoc  Hector y,  Ardec,  Louth, 

//•('A'/i'/-— Deai^cr. 
Tatting  or  frivolitd,  for  liulioa'  wear.     B<^.i-the,  pjiir  of 
lappet*^,    habit  shirt,    baby'u   cap,    piir   of  alooven,   and 
collars. 

IGO     EcsTACE,  Richard  &  James,  10  Weaver's  Square, 

IhiffUn — Manufactui'ers. 
Turkey  rug,  exhibited  a.s  a  H|)eciinen  of  Turkey  carp<»t 
making,  woven  on  woollen  waq\  the  warp  running  through 
from  end  to  end,  without  cut  or  joining,  and  being  loo|>oti 
at  both  end.s.  Tuft«;<l  hearth  rugs,  girth,  roller,  and 
riUHiHjnder  web.     Spt»cimen.s  of  linen  mill  biuid. 


161         Evans,  S.  A.,   is  Chirhs  Street,   Mi<lUesex 
/fn.yntti! — Denigner  juid  Manufactuivr. 
The   "  Death  of  Dougla«,"  after  C.   Ljunbieor,  in  em- 
broidery. 

102     EvKNDKN,  Eliza  Anne.  31  Jlijh  Streit,  Munintc—- 

Manufjieturer. 

I       Derlin  wool  work :  design.  Mjiry  Queen  of  ScotH  mourn- 
ing over  the  dying  Douglas,  at  the  l«ittle  of  l^ngni<le. 


1  41«        Daw»n,  DedorAII,  Xe^rtu^mhirnj,  Ireland — 

Proi)rietor. 
<"uff»*,  h-uul-ffpun  and  knitted  from  the  wool  of  French 
jarK^ile  dogw, 

l.'jO  Dew  Am,  S4)N  &  SoNH,  Kiujs  Arms  r.niHiiojs, 
U' *■*/  >Y  rt'<  7—  I  Vo])rietorH. 
Table  Govern,  of  ela>>orate  design,  the  firHtmixeil  fabric 
»  f  the  kind  nuwle  in  Spitalfiehb^.  l)esigiie<l  and  execute<l 
}»y  \Vi*).b  fc  Son.  Tlie  numl»er  of  cunl.s  uned  in  the  pro- 
<iii<-ti'»D  an«  '•,<»<M»,  till'  numlwr  of  tanls  us«'«l  in  the  Jju*. 
qiiAnl  machine  4o,o<.m>.  Chintz  pnuted  wiK>llen  table 
«ov«re,  aad  embossed. 


\{V.\       pAwci-nT,  S.,  K id' kr minster — Mimufjioturer. 
SiHJcimcns  of  carjtetrf. 


1G4     Flower,  Ann,  'i:^  I >Hl:e  Street,  Groifvantr  Sqnirc — 
De?*igiuT  and  Manufacturer. 

Hearth   rug,    representing   the   star  ami   garter,    sur- 
mounted by  the  Britihli  crown. 

lecture,  **  Flags  of  all  NatiouH,"  worked  in  crosa-stitch 
in  8ilk,  chenille,  beads,  an<l  wool. 


ir»r)    Faii)>x  *:  PiiiLLirs,  :w,  ;{i>,  &  4'»  \r'ni.,te Street 
■  I)cHi;nu'rH  and  Manufju'turci^. 
State  IxmI,  in  evrry  stylt-  of  nr»<llfwork,  fn»m  original 
I  designs  and  tjelectiona  from  the  decorations  by  Iiafll.ello, 


666 


Class  19.— TAPESTRY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Central  Gallery. 


[Ukitbd 


in  tho  Vatioan,  and  copies  of  tho  Aurora  of  Guido  Reni, 
and  Night  by  Thorwaldien.  The  valances  are  of  chenille, 
representing  on  a  flat  surface  the  folds  of  velyet,  looped 
up  by  an  imitation  of  gold  cords  and  wreaths  of  poppies. 
The  curtains  are  embroidered  on  blue  satin  and  white 
watered  Irish  poplin.  The  counterpane  is  a  combination 
of  these  designs;  the  canopy  enriched  by  garlands  of 
flowers,  supported  by  angels.  The  bedstead  is  of  carved 
wood,  richly  gilt,  in  the  style  of  Louis  Quatorze.  The 
materials  are  principally  of  British  manufacture. 

This  bed  is  represented  in  the  accompanying  Plate  119. 

Patterns  for  needlework. — The  Prince  of  Wales;  from  a 
painting  by  Winterhalter,  in  the  possession  of  His  Majesty 
the  King  of  Prussia.  The  Choristers  and  Companion ;  from 
paintings  by  H.  Barraud,  Esq.  Lady  Jane  Grey's  reluct- 
ance to  accept  the  crown ;  from  a  painting  by  Leslie,  in  the 
possession  of  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Bedford.  The  sur- 
render of  Maiy  Queen  of  Scots  to  the  Confederate  Lords  at 
Carberry  Hill;  frx>m  a  painting  by  Chisholm.  Luther, 
Melancthon,  Pomeranus  and  Cruciger  translating  the 
Bible.  Groups  of  flowers  for  seats,  prie-dieu  and  other 
chairs,  cushions,  &c. 

Patterns  for  crochet.  Specimens  of  worsted  yams. 
Purse-silk  and  twist;  embroidery  and  floss  silk;  and 
grounding  silk,  manufactured  and  dyed  in  England. 


166     Fenoulhet,  W.,  11  Wilton  Terrace,  New  North 
Road,  Islington — Artist  and  Designer. 
An  heraldic  design  for  a  royal  cloth  table  cover,  to  be 
manufactured  in  any  costly  material. 


168        Fortune,  Eliza,  101  St,  Georges  BoaJ, 

Southicark — Producer. 
Hearth  rug,  knitted  by  hand.    Subject:  the  emblems 
of  the  United  Kingdom.     Centre :  a  dog% 


169      Franklin,  John  D.,  14  Lower  Ormond  Quay, 

Dublin — Producer. 
Printed  floor-cloth,  16  yards  by  6,  woven  in  one  piece, 
without  a  seam,  carpet  pattern;  another,  to  resemble  in- 
laid woods. 


170     Frew  EN,  EIlizabeth,  Martow,  Bucks — ^Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
Laco  collar,  cuff',  lappets,  and  neck-tie,  made  by  hand 
on  the  pillow;  in  which  an  admixture  of  silk  with  the 
thread  greatly  improves  the  appearance  of  the  lace. 


174      Gardner,  M.  A.,  22  Great  Leonard  Street, 
Fin^itrg — ^Manufacturer. 
Mosaic  inkstand  mat,  knitted  in  varied  shades  of  Berlin 
wool.    Miniature  bassinet,  knitted  in  double  Berlin  wool, 
with  bed  and  cover.     Chair-back  cushion,  with  weights. 
The  exhibitor  is  blind. 


175  George,  J.  B.,  4  WclU  Street,  Gray's  Inn  Hood— 

Designer. 
Design  for  an  Axminster  centre  carpet,  in  the  Italian 
style. 
Velvet  pile  carpeting. 

176  Gilbert,  J»,  7  Charlotte  Street,  Old  Kent  Road— 

Designer. 

Design  for  Axminster  centre  carpet. 

177  Goodyear,  — .,  Kirkgate,  Ripon — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  cari)ets. 

178  Heyn,  Emma,  14  Gloucester  Terrace,  Gloucester 

RihhI,  Old  Kent  Road — Producer. 
Ornamental  vase  of  flowers,  made  of  Berlin  wool,  with 
the  crochet  stitch. 


181     Greenwood,  Anne  Christiana,  Brookicood  Parh, 

Alresford — Inventor. 
Panels  for  decorating  tho  walls  of  a  room,  jiaintod  with 
birds  and  fluwcn  in  the  stylo  of  India  paper. 


182       Grboort,  Thohsons,  &  Co.,  Kilmarnock, 

Scotland — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  royal  Wilton  carpeting;  of  Brussels  car- 
peting; and  of  Imperial  carpeting.     The  first  design  by 
Mr.  John  Lauron,  London;  the  omertwo  by  Mr.  Thomas 
Barclay,  Glasgow. 

185  Hall,  Andrew,  Bank  Buildings,  Manchester 

— Inventor. 

Garden  net,  for  shelter;  and  insect  fender. 

Glass  substitute  for  hot-houses,  green-houses,  and  small 
frames;  preferable  to  glass,  as  a  slow  conductor  of  heat, 
and  having  a  more  equable  temperature  under  its  surface. 

Canvases  for  embroideiy,  plain  white,  coarse,  middle, 
and  fine.  Penelope,  coarse,  middle,  and  fine,  with  pat- 
terns of  intermediate  numbers,  and  of  coloured  canvas. 

Hie  above  articles,  with  designs  printed  upon  them, 
intended  to  be  covered  by  the  worker  instead  of  copying 
a  design  froux  print  paper. 

186  Hamburger,  Rogers,  &  Co.,  30  King  Street, 

Covent  Garden — Producers. 
Specimens  of  embroidery  and  gold  lace  helmets,  epau- 
lettes, &c. 

187  Bloomfield,  Susanna,  Poole,  Dorset — 

Manufacturer. 
Needlework  in  Berlin  wool : — Subject,  ''Raphael  in  the 
Vatican." 

188  Hanson,  Charles,  JW^^  Zand — Designer. 
Design  for  an  Axminster  hearth  rug,  in  the  Italian 

style. 

189  Harding,  Wuijam,  &  Co.,  6SLong  Acre — 

Designers  and  Manufiujturers. 

Bude  specimens  of  livery  lace  (silk  and  worsted  surface 
and  cotton  and  linen-thread  foundation).  Duplicate  sam- 
ples of  trimmings  and  hammer-cloth  mountings,  made  to 
the  order  of  King  George  the  Third.  Some  of  the  first 
experiments  to  improve  carriage  laces,  by  separating  the 
component  materials,  and  producing  a  raiBed  pile-figure 
upon  a  tissue  ground,  for  which  a  patent  was  granted, 
in  1817.  Duplicate  samples  of  fringe  and  hangers,  made 
for  King  George  the  Fourth.  Duplicate  samples  made 
for  the  Princess  Charlotte.  Samples  made  for  his  late 
Majesty  William  the  Fourth  and  Adelaide  the  Queen  Dow- 
ager; and  for  Louis  Philippe,  the  late  King  of  the  French. 
Duplicate  samples  of  carriage  lace,  and  other  trimmingSy 
made  for  Her  Me^esty,  and  their  R.  H.  Prince  Albert 
and  the  Prince  of  Wales.  Specimens  of  registered  lining. 
Specimens  in  contrast  shades,  stated  to  be  tho  first 
attempt  of  this  kind  in  figured  silks.  Specimens  with 
both  sides  alike. 

Sundry  tassels,  bullions,  fringes,  gympings,  and  other 
upholstery  ornaments,  to  illustrate  the  advances  in  this 
manufacture. 

Specimens  of  lace,  figured  silk,  and  carpet  for  carriages, 
of  (Uflerent  qualities. 

190  Hare,  J.,  &  Co.,  Bristol — Designers  and 

Manufacturers. 
Five  floorcloth  compositions,  >'iz. :  —  One  of  chintzes; 
two  of  mosaic  pavements;  one  of  mosaic  pavements;  one 
of  inlaid  woods,    and  one   of  encaustic  tiles.      (.W/A 
Transept  Gallery,  Eastern  Si<le). 

191  Harms  worth,  Martha,  Ticickenham— 

Embroiderer^ 
Tapestry.     *'  Tho  Last  Supper,"  worked  in  French  floes 
silk. 


192    Harris,  George,  3t  Co.,  Stourport,  and  59  Snow 
Hill,  Lotulim — Manufacturers. 

Brussels  velvet  j)ile  centre  carpet,  with  border,  for 
dra^^in^room,  exhibite<l  for  design  and  quality. 

Siiuilar  caqiot,  without  border. 

Brussels  velvet  pile  centre  carpet,  with  border,  for 
dining-room  or  libiury. 


HEMU.  rADDBL   A 


3 


LAGS  AND  EMBBOIDEBT,  fto. 

SOCVH  GlHTRAL  GaULSBT. 


667 


192a 


.  87 
Manit&oiiirenu 
ci  nitt  apnm  aod  bsbi6i^  olodky  knm  podDBt 
•  auDbfio  fknoioixiflSi  Mid  jnaoriiioiis  s  aU 


194 


li— tli«mg;  •&  wool,  vMd  for  bod<«ldefy  door- 
te.;  miperior  for  dnzftbiltfy,  and  fiMsUitj 
Sid  djed  Hqr  odour. 


195 


.  E.  ft  O.,  11  JBdgwoM  Soad^ 

])MiKii0ffB  iod  Ifiiiiinotiirsni. 

oovmHsledy  Bkittahemblfliiii^  dengnod  and 

ft  mm  wk  canras.    Italian  bc^,  woilwd  and 

Batar  tlia  Hermit.     Deer-atalking.     JoMfih 

Us  Mmt  to  Plianoh.   Copiea  of  a  paintiqg^ 


i9e 


BiMwrnkKaaan,  Ujpptt  Monk,  Lamkdk-^ 
Mannfiioturera. 
of  floor  olotliy  pattern  oof^ed  from  a  Rcnnan 
pa(fim«t  diaoowed  at  Aldboroughy  Tork- 


197    Hjwfxr,  JMDlKBB,25J&(^Pfo(»,iroaonl— 


for  faviooa  kinda  of  printed  finbrioa;  and  for 
and  other  kindb  of  oazpeta. 

198  H▲n■i^  FtAMcaa  Sbait,  A0— Deaigner  and 

Xannfbctiirer. 
QHpa*;  aeedle-WQck  in  Berlin  wooL 

199  JSmumomaaL,  Rodolphb,  261  Regmd  Strett^ 

Deaimer  and  Mannfbotnrer. 
H«Rral;yleofaae(Seworic,  aimilar  to  the  Qobelina. 
Henar  dnejpia,  eseeoted  in  ailk  and  wool,  on  oanTaa. 
Kew  kfan  of  easfaa  for  embroiderT. 

drao^t^  dnat^  ana  noiae  ezoluder>  ap- 


pfieable  with  glue  to  doon,  windows,  wardrobes,  piano- 
foriea,  and  g^Uaa-caflea.  A  light  subatitute  for  the  neavy 
eord  oaed  in  ladiea'  dreasee. 

200     BbcsnDSON  &  Co.,  Durham — ^ManufiBcturers. 

Wilton,  or  pile  carpet,  in  Raphaeleeque  style  of  orna- 
ment, of  the  16th  century. 

Brossels  carpet,  for  drawing-room,  cinque  cento  style. 

Wihon,  or  pile  stair  carpet,  regular  five  frames  quidity. 

Tard-^side  ingrain  carpet.  Yard-wide  ingrain  carpet, 
in  bedroom  style.  Fine  yard-wide  damask  Venetian 
carpet.  Tard-wide  twilled  damask  Venetian  stair  carpet. 
Twilled    Venetian    stair    carpet.     Fine  Venetian    stair 


201  UmKUEtaos  &  Widnell,  Lassvoade — Manufocturers. 
Poctidre,  or  door  curtain,  10  ft.  6  in.  by  5  ft. ;  in  one 

piaoe;  fine  reWet  Whytocks  patent.  Probably  the 
Lrgeat  piece  ever  manufactured  on  this  principle.  Style 
— LooisXlV. 

Rtdi  patent  Telvet  carpets,  with  centres,  borders^  and 
eomen;  aame  style. 

Pateot  relvet  sofia  carpets,  and  rugs. 

202  Hatch,  Caboline,  Tunbridge  Wir//*— Producer. 
Specimens  of  embroidery. 

203  Hill,  Bbxjamin,  Oineu,  Buckinghamshire^ 

Manufacturer. 
Specimena  of  pillow-lace  edging,  suitable  for  collars, 
coflS^  aleeres,  &c. ;  and  insertion  edging,  suitable  for  caps, 
•Issrea,  stomachers,  kjc. 

PiUow  lace,  suitable  fof  infants'  caps,   ladies'   caps> 
and  flouncing. 


204     Hn-L  &  Co.,  High  Street,   Worcester,  and  Great 

Maktm — Inventors . 
Keedlewofk  for  ottomans,  screens,  hanging  for  walls, 
UTS,  &c.,  of  the  following  deai^is:— ^ 


PanoEamio  Tiew  of  the  tillage  of  Qreat  lialTera,  Wor- 
oostorahuo.  

Sketch  of  Windsor  CSastlc^  taken  from  Eton  College 
grounds,  from  a  miniature  view  by  Baxter. 

Sunset  Tiew  of  tiie  ndna  of  Tintem  Abbey^  from  m 
Uthograph. 

Two  Yiewv  of  Witney  Coort^  from  pencil  drawings. 

Portrait  in  misJatore,  from  a  painnng  bj  Leonardo  da 
TmA, 

BzeontedbythAriatemB*!  P.,  S.|  andO.  Bogen^  of  the 
abo?efinki. 


205  HnDBAUOB,  Mrs.  Makt,  .2rsi0eafMMfM»-2VMS— 

Fkodnosr. 
Copies  from  Landaeei's  ptetore  of  ''Bolton  Abbey;" 
IMior^s  ''Hawking  Burtr,-"   Hecring's  "Fsedhag  the 
HorMsf  and  Sofaophi's  "  Animal  of  Babeooa.'*    Woiked 
as  tapestry. 

206  Bxsaua,  C,  8t  Sons,  134  Oxford  Sttett^ 

Deaigneni  and  Jiann&otoren. 
Bich  TelTot  oamting.    Kngliah  hand-wnrng^t  oanets, 
Turldah  style.    Fine  quality  in  original  dangns,  etsbo« 
rately  flowered.    Oriental  oupets. 

207      HeiJU>WA¥,PB<IBB,(MwsBttAlM^,i>OrcA«rf0^ 

Designer. 
Qoilt  knitted  by  hand,  in  one  pieoe,  with  ootton. 

208  HoiJnEB»  J.,  JricidiffrmAufar-^ManuflMstarsr. 
Carpets,  conunonly  oalled  Telrety  suitable  for  dining  or 

drawing  rooms. 

209  HoFi^  QsosoB  ConLmo^  17  i2o6er<soft  8k^, 

Hastings— J)eagniap, 
Bflgistered  bmworkB  of  oommon  rush  for  the  ehurdi 
or  doset^  with  appropriate  mottoes,  in  needlework. 

210  HimPHUBB,  Thomas,  Vioar  l^reet,KidiermiMter<^ 

Manufiacturer* 
Specimen  of  super-velvet  pile  carpeting.     Registered 
patterns. 

211  HUBfff,  Q.,  Ifig^  Street,  Bedford— Desigaer  and 

Inventor. 
Pillow-lace,  with  glass  introduced  into  the  figure. 

213     Ladies'  Industrial  Society,  76  Orafton  Street, 

Driblin — Producers. 
Limerick  lace  :  shawls,  handkerchie£B,  and  cazarees. 
Spanish  point,  made  in  Ireland:  caps,  cufis,  and  habit* 

shirts. 

Old  point,  made  in  Ireland :  fichus  and  frocks. 

Real  guipure,  made  in  Ireland :  head-dress  and  collar. 

Crochet:  caps,  sleeves,  collars,  and  frocks. 

Embroidery:  collars,  caps,  and  handkerchiefs. 

Cloth  embroidery.     Horse-hair  ornaments. 

Linens :  hand-spun  and  wove  sheeting. 

Knitting:  stockings,  socks,  and  mittens. 

Thread  lace.     Hand-apim  flannel. 

Appliqu6:    scarfs,    caps,    berthes,   lappets,   flounces, 
shawls,  veils,  and  dress. 

215    James,  IIrnry,  7  Ferdinand  Terrace,  PancraaVale 

Inventor,  Designer,  and  Producer. 

Enamelled  floor-cloth.     Window-glass,  ornamented  by 
machinery,  for  halls,  stair-cases,  &c. 

21G    Johnson,  Geo.,  &  Co.,  11  Bow  Churchyard,  and 
4  BovD  Lane — Manufacturers* 
Mourning  collars,  &c. 


217  Johnson,  Mabia,  //«//— Designer. 

Quilt  of  patchwork,  in  13,500  pieces  of  silk,  satin,  and 
velvet,  with  a  group  of  white  flowers  embroidered  on  a 
crimson  ground  in  the  centre,  and  a  bomlor  of  white  liUes 
and  roses  upon  a  crimson  ground. 


568 


Class  19.— TAPESTOY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Centbal  Gaixery. 


[United 


218     Johnstone,  J.,  102  Qrafuim  Street,  Airdrie, 

Scotland — Inventor. 
Table-cover,  consisting  of  2,000  pieces  of  cloth,  ar- 
ranged into  23  historical  and  imagined  characters,  six 
equestrian  scenes,  a  fox-hunt,  and  pantomime,  with  the 
regalia  of  Scotland  in  the  centre.  The  design  and  execu- 
tion is  the  sole  work  of  the  exhibitor,  and  it  occupied  his 
leisure  hours  for  18  years. 


219     Jones,  Mart,  Abbey  Street,  Chester — Proprietor. 

Bible  cushion,  copied,  in  fancy  work,  from  a  plan  of 
the  mosaic  pavement  in  Canterbury  cathedral,  formerly 
composed  of  precious  stones,  gold,  and  jet. 


221     Keddbll,  John  Staples,  Shccmess — Proprietor. 

Armorial  bearings,  worked  by  the  exhibitor  in  Berlin 
wool  and  silk. 

223  Kettlewell,  Mart,  Clonmel,  Ireland — Proprietor. 
Trimming  lace,  and  lace  berthes  of  different  patterns. 
Large  knitted  lace  collar,  and  fine  lace  lappet.    Small 
thread  lace  scarf.  Lace  scarf,  as  fine  as  hair,  done  in  Ardas. 


224  King,  Miss,  3  Bloomshury  Place,  Bloomsbury  Square 

— ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Mediajval  embroidery: — ^Design  for  a  cover  for  the  book 
of  the  GoiqMsls,   after  the  antique.     St»  John;    design 
from  a  brass  of  Lawrence  Seymoiu*  at  Higham  Ferrers 
Royal  arms,  on  a  groimd  of  cloth  of  gold. 

225  KiNGSBURT,  LoitiBA,  J^ost  Street,  Tawiton,  Somerset 

— Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 
Basket  of  flowers,  knitted  in  Berlin  wool,  from  nature. 


22G     KiTELT,  Joseph,  Kidderminster — Manufacturer. 

A  Brussels  velvet  carpet  in  five-frame,  green  and  gold  \ 
a  Brussels  velvet  pile  specimen  in  five -frame,  white  and 
oak;  a  Brussels  carpet  in  five-frame,  crimson  and  oak, 
suitable  for  drawing  or  dining  rooms. 

227     School  of  Charitt,  Cangort  Park,  Kinjs  County, 

Ireland — Producers. 
Embroidered  muslin>  executed  by  the  children  of  the 
school. 


228  MowLAND,  Charlotte  O.,  23  Eaton  Mews,  South, 

Eaton  Square — Producer. 
Wreath  on  white  satin,  with  chenille  and  crape;  design 
for  an  ornament  or  trimming.     The  exhibitor  aged   11 
years. 

229  Lambert,  Eli2abeth,  Tunhndjc — Designer. 

Embroidery — Full-length  portrait  of  The  Queen,  in 
gilt  frame. 

A  group  of  flowers,  with  vase,  in  can-od  oak  frame. 

230  Lanchenick,  Jane  A.,  5  Protnpton  Jiotc,  Bromptvn 

— ^Designer  and  Manufivoturer. 
Table  cover ;  garter  blue  cloth.     The  design,  an  oak 
and  acorn  border;   the  comers,  the  rose,  tliistle,  and 
shamrock,  i^-ith  the  edge  scalloped;  the  whole  embroi- 
dered in  gold-coloure<l  silk. 


231  Mackellar  &  Hahpson,  50  Old  Chanjc,  Cheapside 

— I'roducers. 

Royal  lace  mantle,  figured  by  a  patent  process  (silk 
texture). 

232  Lapworth,  Alfred — l*roducer. 

Axminstcr  cari>et8.      Patent  carpets.     Velvet  pile  and 
tapestry  velvet  carpets. 

234      DiGGEB  I^  Touche,  MiM,  Killmaule,  Trclan'1— 

Inventor. 
Specimen  of  lace  flounce,  worked  by  the  poor  girls  of 
Killmutilc,  invented  at  the  time  of  the  famine,  to  enable 
them  to  cam  sufficient  for  their  Bupi>ort. 


235     VicxiABB,  Richard,  Padbury,  Buckinghai 

Manufacturer. 

Lace  for  young  infiAnts'  robes. 

Lace  for  trimming  an  infant's  cot^  or  a  flounce  for  a 
lady's  dress. 

Lace  crowxiB  for  infEints'  caps,  corresponding  with  the 
broad  lace. 

Insertion  for  forming  the  body  of  the  caps. 

Laces  for  bordering  the  caps. 

23C       Lester,  Thomas,  Bedford— ^iAasmUig^xaw. 

Specimen  of  Bedfordshire  pillow-laoe,  being  an  improved 
arrangement  of  an  infiuit's  lace  dress. 

Improved  lace  fall-piece,  to  avoid  joining  at  the  cor- 
ners; lace  fall,  complete;  length  of  wide  white  lace  for 
falls;  length  of  white  and  black  trimming  lace;  length  of 
flouncing  lace.       

238  Wheler,  Mrs.  John,  42  Dorset  Street,  Pcrtmum 

Sq  uare — Producer. 
An    occasional    table,   mounted  with  appliqu^  em- 
broidery. 

239  Lewer,  Eliza,  Wimbom^  Minster,  Dorsetshire— 

Maker. 
Piece  of  tapestry,  consisting  of  24  figures,  and  438,000 

stitches. 

240  LocKwooD,  Georoiana,  31  Qreat  Titchfdd  Street, 

Oxford  Street — Manufiacturer. 
A  child's  fancy  crochet  frock. 

241  Lee,  J. — Producer. 

Specimen  of  lace  made  by  a  poor  woman  in  Stone, 
Aylesbury. 

242  Macdonald,  MaroaretTa,  105  South  Porilawi 

Street,  (7 /a»/ou>-— Manufacturer. 
Fimcy  needlework,  worked  with  Berlin  wool  and  silk. 
Subject—"  HaddonHall  in  the  Olden  Time,'*  by  Frederick 
Tayler. 

243  McFarlane  Brothers,  Glasgow — Manu&ctoivn. 
Chenille  hearth-rug,  7  feet  3  inches  long  by  3  feet  4 

inches  broad,  with  landscape  design,  from  Loch-Long, 
Du  mbartonshire. 

Chenille  hearth-rug,  7  feet  long  by  3  broad  {  landsci^ie 
design.  Chenille  hearUi-rug,  7  feet  long  by  3  broad, 
with  design,  tiger  jungle,  hills  in  the  distance. 

Chenille  hearth-rug,  7  feet  long  by  3  feet  1  inch  broad, 
with  design,  water  lily  or  lotus.  Chenille  hearth-rug^ 
8  feet  ()  inches  long  by  3  feet  5  inches  broad;  design, 
scrolls  and  flowers,  l^eccs  of  chenille  carpeting,  each 
2  feet  long  by  2  feet  3  inches  ^lidc,  with  same  design. 

244  Mallaueu,  William,  Ayait  of  the  Morarim  Estah- 

lishitu'hts  at  Fnlnvck,  near  Leeds,  and  Ockbrookf 
near  Dcrlty — Manufacturer. 
Worked  handkerchiefs  of  Moravian  embroidered  needle- 
work, from  Fulneck  and  Ockbrook. 

240     M'Carten,  H.,  97  Great  Ch^wles  Street,  Birmittghtm 

— Maimfacturer. 
Ancient  design  of  funeral  pall  for  hearse*     Design  from 
Mr.  Pugiu's  **  Glossary  of  Ecclesiastical  Ornament  and 
Costume."  ^ 

247     M*DaRmid,  Mart  Ann,  Bagthorpe  IIoHBe,  near 
Nottiwjham — ^Designer  and  Maker. 
Embroidered  quilt. 


248  Maclean,  Jane,  Tynan  Bectonj,  I)/nan,  Cotmiy 

Armagh,  Ireland — Proprietor. 
Imitation  guipure  lace  flounce,  worked  by  the  childretl 
of  TjTian  Glebe  school. 

249  Kichnond  Lunatic  Asylum— PixMlucersi 
Quilt  knitted  by  the  inmates* 


Kingdom.] 


LACE  AND  EMBROIDERY,  &c. 
South  Central  Gallery. 


5G9 


2oO    MxLTOV,  Elisa,  8  Peacock  Terraoe,  Walworth  Road 
— Mannfacturer  and  Proprietor. 
Embcoidfl^.    Imitation  in  needlework  of  "  The  Last 
finpps^  hf  Ijeonardo  da  Vinci. 


251  MoxKHOCn,  Joshua,  &  Son,  Barnard  Castle,  and 

75  Hood  &reet,  Cheaptide,  London — ^Manufacturers. 

Carpetsy  of  Kidderminster  &bric,  cumber  and  point 
■tylee. 

Dutch  fiibric  caipets,  all  wool,  and  Dutch  fabric  carpets, 
VBip  made  from  luk  noils. 

252  MoKToic  &  Sons,  iTicU^rmM^tf/^-Manu&cturers. 
Specimens  of  yelvet  pile  carpets : — Crimson  and  colours 

(roaaa);  ruby  and  chintz  (flowers);  crimson,  green,  &c. 
(lilies). 

Sazonj  carpet :^-crimson  and  oaks  ^scroll). 

Bknasels  carpets: — white  and  gold  (scroll);  dark  green 
and  gt>ld  (ornament);  royal  blue  and  gold  (ornament); 
ruby,  crimsoOy  and  oaks  (leaves);  ruby,  green,  &o. 
<roses). 


253     Nadut,  Michael,  Kirkaldji,  Scotland— Deta^ev 

and  Manufacturer. 
Floorcloth,  used  for  halls,  lobbies,  &c: — No.  1.  Chintz 
pattern,  eight  colours,  imitation  of  fine  carpeting.  No.  2. 
Granite  pattern,  four  colours,  imitation  of  granite  inlaid. 
Ko.  3.  Marble  pattern,  four  colours,  imitation  of  marble 
inlaid.  No.  4.  A  combination  of  Nos.  2  and  3,  repre- 
— "Hng  marble  and  granite,  inlaid  alternately,  showing 
that  Nos.  2  and  3  can  be  made  to  work  singly  or  together, 
thereby  giiing  the  advantage  of  three  di^mct  patterns, 
with  only  two  seta  of  blocks. 

[The  canvas  employed  in  the  manufacture  of  floor- 
cloth, is  produced  principally  in  the  north,  and  in  large 
qoaotitiea  at  Dundee.  The  size  of  the  canvas,  G  yards 
or  upwards  in  width,  and  about  100  in  length,  will  con- 
vey an  idea  of  that  of  the  loom  producing  it.  The 
Application  of  the  oil  coloiu^  and  pattcma  is  effected  in 
v.fcrioiLi  places.  Prior  to  this,  the  cauvas  Is  prepared  for 
I  he  rtctption  of  the  paint  by  a  coatiug  of  size.  The 
[bclut  and  |*atU'm  are  applied  by  haud,  au<l  the  latter  is 
effected  by  the  uiiual  i>ixx:ess  of  block-printing.] 


2.'»4        Natlor,  David,  Manchester — rrodncer. 

P^cnt  Kidderminster  carpet,  woven  by  a  ateam -power 


2.'»r)         Let,  F.,    Victoriti  Cottu]'-,  Hickiwfton,  ncir 
Bamat'ip ',,-,  Dcron — IVo<lucer. 
A  piece  of  needlew«)rk  iu  floi»rt  silk,   reprem^ntinf?  the 
P.iM*-  encircled  nith  roncr^,  with  an  approjfriiite  motto  iu 
i    A  letter."*. 

l».'»»i    IkrrCUCR,  Mi/*i*ei<,  2  Climuhn  KuaJ,  XutiiiKj  Hill — 

l*ro<lucers. 

Variety  of  Berlin  wool-woik. 


li.'*?      Nei^TOJIB  &  JoMlS,   Ki'l'lrrmiiuitcr,   imd  li)  S/.innrr 
Stir.'t^    l/.iolfH — Manufacturer.'*.      Thos.    Pall, 
&   Co..   fj-if^^itij  the  M-insi'fH   Jfousi ,    i.'it'j — Pro- 
prietors. 
M'-Ul  air]>et  of  superior  velvet  pile,   reprenentin^  the 
ArrtH    of    the   CouiiKiny    of  Mercers*,    with   emhlazDued 
lj«-r»Jor,  &c. 

V.lvct  pile  carpet  in  brea^ltlw;  design,  "the  vine  and 
jw«-i'»n  ri'»wer." 

lit-f*:  Bru.*n<;lrf  caqnit,  iu  brea*ltln<;  of  a  white  ground  and 
•croll  chintz. 


2'».S       Newton,  Jonhs  &  Wi ujh,  Temyh  Ru^r^ 
/:iri/iin-fh  nn—Chnrvh  I  )«'C"()ratoi*s. 

R*'>»ei«.  hoj'U,  curtains,  iuid  veils,  embroidered  in  flilk 
tni  >;"ld. 

.Satin  4Luu.irik  han>:iug.'<,   woollen  hanging.-',  velvet-pile 


269         Olveb,  Ltdia,  ZwAmn/— ManufSacturer. 
Embroidered  collar,  stomacher,  and  sleeves. 


260    OsBOBN,  Matilda,  4  Sydneif  Square,  Commercial 

Road  East — Producer. 
"Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,   mourning  over  the  dying 
Douglas,"  in  Berlin  wool. 

2G1       Padwick,  Anne,  Westhowne,  Emsworth — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
A  crochet  table-cover  in  Berlin  wool. 


262  Palmer,  Helen,  i>Mnse— Producer. 

Panel  for  a  pole-screen,  embroidered  in  coloured  silks, 
upon  white  satin. 

Lady's  dress,  embroidered  in  cherry-coloured  silks, 
upon  white  silk. 

Cushion  for  a  chair,  embroidered  in  coloured  silks,  upon 
white  satin.  

263  Pardoe,  Hoomans,  &  Pardoe,  Kidderminster — 

Manufacturers. 

Whytock's  patent  tapestry  carpeting,  in  Brussels  and 
velvet  pile.  The  colours  are  permanently  printed  on  the 
worsted  before  it  is  -woven. 

Skein  of  the  worsted.     Patent  Berlin  rugs. 


264    Patent  Camphine  Company,  HiUl — Producers. 
Tapestry :  views  of  Windsor  Castle,  Malvern  Hills,  kc. 


265    Patent  Utrecht  Company,  36  Steward  Street, 

Spitalfields — Producers. 
Lace  curtains,   patent  silk  lace  dress  and   curtains; 
patent  lace  quilt,  scarf,  and  curtains;  Spanish  mantilla. 


266  Pearse,  Clara,  Broad  Street,  Bath — ^Designer. 
Crochet  bed-quilt,  illustrated  with  the  Ten  Command- 

ments  in  the  centre,  with  imitation  of  point  loco  border. 
The  dudigner  14  ywu*8  of  age. 

267  Pexley,  E.  a.,  St.  Peter's,  Mar-jate — DeBigucr 

and  Manufacturer. 
Silk  i>atchwork  table-cover. 


208     Perry,  Edward,  Tlie  Kev.,  26  Portlaml  Place, 

J.emniwjtnn — Producer. 
Scai'f  comiHXsed  of  British  silk,  being  the  pro<luce  of 
2,000  Bilk  w»)rmH,  which  were  kept  in  an  out-houne  at 
GiKxlrich,  in  Herefonldiire.  Tlie  silk  was  wound  from 
the  cocoons  and  t*pun  by  Mrn.  Perry  and  her  daughter; 
aft<jr  which,  it  waw  ma<le  into  the  Hcarf  now  exhibited. 
The  silk  in  in  its  natural  or  raw  stiite,  unmanufjK-tured, 
and  the  colourn  of  the  silk  produced  by  the  male  and 
female  worm.s  are  preserved. 

[In  a  preceding  clasH  will  bo  found  a  brief  notice  of  the 
labourH  of  the  late  Mi*ri.  Whitby  to  introduce  the  cul- 
ture of  the  silkworm  into  this  country.  Thin  notice 
accompjmies  a  banner  entirely  wrought  r)ut  of  nilk  pro- 
duced from  worms  bred  in  Eughmvl.  In  the  i)rertent, 
jw  in  other  iiwtanccs  exhibited,  the  same  succesri  hfw 
attended  this  art. — H.  E.] 


2r)0      Heald,  Benjamin,  Ohl  Siriuton,  Xottinjham — 

1  )ef  igner. 
A  der«ign  for  Honiton  lace  fiouncingH. 

270 

SiK.'cimens  of  knitting  by  the  poor  Irinh  chihlren  near 
Limerick. 

271  Ph  I LU  !***>  1**'  M 1 1.  V ,   1 0  • '»  Heriti '  >u  <  Isej/  St  re*  t , 

,<<tuthir,irh    ■  l*iXHlue«r. 
"  L;i  Vendredi:"—  eating  niiiat  on  Fridiiy. 


568 


Class  19.— TAPESTRY,  CARPETO,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Central  Gallery. 


FUkited 


218     Johnstone,  J.,  102  Oraham  Street ,  Airdrie, 

Scot  land — Inventor. 
Table-cover,  consisting  of  2,000  pieces  of  cloth,  ar- 
ranged into  23  historictJ  and  imagined  characters,  six 
equestrian  scenes,  a  fox-hunt,  and  pantomime,  with  the 
regalia  of  Scotland  in  the  centre.  The  design  and  execu- 
tion is  the  sole  work  of  the  exhibitor,  and  it  occupied  his 
leisure  hours  for  18  years. 


219     Jones,  Mart,  Abbey  Street,  Chester — Proprietor. 

Bible  cushion,  copied,  in  fancy  work,  from  a  plan  of 
the  mosaic  pavement  in  Canterbury  cathedral,  formerly 
composed  of  precious  stones,  gold,  and  jet. 


221     Keddell,  John  Staples,  Shecmess — Proprietor. 

Armorial  bearings,  worked  by  the  exhibitor  in  Berlin 
wool  and  silk. 

223   Kettlewell,  Mart,  Clonmel,  Ireland — Proprietor. 
Trimming  lace,  and  lace  berthes  of  different  patterns. 
Large  knitted  lace  collar,  and  fine  lace  lappet.    Small 
thr^d  lace  scarf.  Lace  scarf,  as  fine  as  hair,  done  in  Ardas. 


224  King,  Miss,  3  Bloomshury  Place,  Bloomsbitry  Square 

— ^Designer  and  Manufiufturer. 
ModLnoval  embroidery: — ^Design  for  a  cover  for  the  book 
of  the  Gospels,   after  the  antique.     St.  John;    denign 
from  a  brass  of  Lawrence  Seymom*  at  Higham  Ferrers 
Royal  arms,  on  a  ground  of  cloth  of  gold. 

225  Kingsbury,  LoitiSA,  East  Street,  Ta^tnton,  Somerset 

— Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 
Basket  of  flowers,  knitted  in  Berlin  wool,  from  nature. 

226  KiTELT,  Joseph,  Kidderminster — Manufacturer. 

A  Brussels  velvet  carpet  in  five-fraiuo,  green  and  gold; 
a  Brussels  velvet  pile  specimen  in  five-frame,  white  and 
oak;  a  Brussels  carpet  in  five-frame,  crimson  and  oak, 
suitable  for  drawing  or  dining  rooms. 

227  School  of  Charity,  Cangort  Park,  Kinj's  County, 

Ireland — Producers. 
Embroidered  musliU)  executed  by  the  children  of  the 
school. 


228  MowLAND,  Charlotte  G.,  23  Eaton  Mcurs,  South, 

Eaton  Square — Producer. 
Wreath  on  white  satin,  with  chenille  and  crape;  design 
for  an  ornament  or  trimming.     The  exhibitor  aged   11 
years. 

229  LA3IBERT,  Elizabeth,  TtmfMjc — Designer. 

Embroidery — Full-length  portrait  of  The  Queen,  in 
gilt  frame. 

A  group  of  flowers,  with  vase,  in  carved  oak  frame. 

230  Lanchenick,  Jane  A.,  5  Brompton  B(nc,  Brompton 

— ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Table  cover;  garter  blue  cloth.     The  design,  an  oak 
and  acorn  border;   the  comers,  the  rose,  thistle,  and 
shamrock,  ^^-ith  the  edge  scalloped;  the  whole  embroi- 
dered in  gold-coloured  silk. 


231  Mackellar  &  Hampson,  50  Old  Chanje,  Cheapside 

— Producers. 

Royal  laco  mantle,  figured  by  a  patent  process  (silk 
texture). 

232  Lapworth,  Alfred — Producer. 

Axminster  carpets.      Patent  carpets.     Velvet  pile  and 
tapestry  velvet  carpets. 

234      DiGGES  La  Touche,  Miss,  Kilbwiule,  Ireland— 

Inventor. 
Specimen  of  lace  flounce,  workcxl  by  the  jwor  girls  of 
Killmaule,  invented  at  tlie  time  of  the  famine,  to  enable 
them  to  cam  sufficient  for  their  support. 


235     ViocARS,  Richard,  Padbury,  Buckinghai 

Manufacturer. 

Lace  for  young  infinnts'  robes. 

Lace  for  trimming  an  infant's  cot,  or  a  flounoe  for  a 
lady's  dress. 

Lace  crowcB  for  infants'  caps,  corresponding  with  the 
broad  lace. 

Insertion  for  forming  the  body  of  the  caps. 

Laces  for  bordering  the  caps. 

23C       Lester,  Thomas,  Bedford-— VLukysSsic^nitit, 

Specimen  of  Bedfordshire  pillow-laoe,  being  an  improved 
arrangement  of  an  infeoit's  lace  dress. 

Improved  lace  fall-piece,  to  avoid  joining  at  the  cor- 
ners; lace  fall,  complete;  length  of  wide  white  lace  for 
falls;  length  of  white  and  black  trimming  lace;  length  of 
flouncing  lace.       

238  Wheler,  Mrs.  John,  42  DorBct  Street,  Poriman 

Square — Producer. 
An    occasional    table,   mounted  with  appliqude  em- 
broidery. 

239  Lewer,  Eliza,  Wimbonn  Minster,  Dorsetshire — 

Maker. 
Piece  of  tapestry,  consisting  of  24  figures,  and  438,000 
stitches. 

240  LocKwooD,  Oeoroiana,  31  Great  Titchf  eld  Street, 

Oxford  Street — Manufacturer. 
A  child's  fancy  crochet  frock. 

241  Lee,  J.— Producer. 

Specimen  of  lace  made  by  a  poor  woman  in  Stone, 
Aylesbury. 

242  Macdonald,  MaroaretTa,  105  8(AUh  Portlami 

Street,  Glasgow — Manufiebcturer. 
Fancy  needlework,  worked  with  Berlin  wool  and  silk. 
Subject—"  HaddonHall  in  the  Olden  Time,"  by  Frederick 
Tayler. 

243  McFarlane  Brothers,  Glasgow — ^Blanu&cturers. 
Chenille  hearth-rug,  7  feet  3  inches  long  by  3  feet  4 

inches  broad,  with  landscape  design,  from  Loch-Long, 
Dumbartonshire. 

Chenille  hearth-rug,  7  feet  long  by  3  broad  {  landscape 
design.  Chenille  hearth-rug,  7  feet  long  by  3  broad, 
with  design,  tiger  jungle,  hills  in  the  distance. 

Chenille  hearth-rug,  7  feet  long  by  3  feet  1  inch  broad, 
with  design,  water  lily  or  lotus.  Chenille  hearth-rug, 
8  feet  6  inches  long  by  3  feet  5  inches  broad;  design, 
scrolls  and  flowers.  Heces  of  chenille  carpeting,  each 
2  feet  long  by  2  feet  3  inches  wide,  with  same  design. 

244  Mallaijeu,  William,  Agent  of  the  Moravian  Estab- 

lishments at  Faltu'ck,  near  Leeds,  and  Odb^roo^ 
Hcur  Deiby — Manufacturer. 
Worked  haiidkorchiefs  of  Moravian  embroidered  needle- 
work, from  Fulneck  and  Ockbrook. 


246  M'Carten,  H.,  97  Great  Charles  Street,  Birmingkam 

— Manufactiurer. 
Ancient  design  of  funeral  pall  for  hearse*     Design  from 
Mr.  Pugin's  ''Glossary  of  Ecclesiastical  Ornament  and 
Costume."  ^ 

247  M'DaRmid,  Mary  Ann,  B*igth>rpe  Ilovse,  near 

A^ottiiujham — Designer  and  Maker. 
Embroidered  quilt. 


248  Maclean,  Jane>  Tynan  Bectory,  lynan,  Cotmty 

Armagh,  Ireland — Proprietor. 
Imitation  guipure  laco  flounce,  worked  by  the  children 
of  Tynan  Olebe  school. 

249  Richmond  Lunatic  Asylum— Pruducen» 
Quilt  knitted  by  the  inmates^ 


] 


LACE  AND  EMBBOawn,  &o. 
South  CswmiXi  CIallbrt* 


see 


250  liMidii^  fcau,  8  Pmeoek  ^mmm^WOmrikSoad 

MtAtMoa  in  needlewoik of  "TbB  Lmt 
%f  iMMtdo  dft  TmoL 


251    KMKBOOtt;,  JomcOA,  ft  Smr^  Bamard  Catile,  and 
TSUMrabTMl,  Ckeap§ide,  2>Mefofi---Maiiuftotiiren. 
Owpsli^  of  Uddenmnsier  fiOiiio,  oumber  and  point 


2SS   Utiiiii  a  floiw,  JMtointoir^lftMttnfiwtagettK 

QpadBMisaf  Viliitt  pito  flnpete>— Giimflon  and  oolotin 
teM;  nif  «i  flbiiiU  (floiran);  oiniaoiv  green,  &c; 

BwagiUfiili    leiiiwrm  end  oets  (ecndl). 
Hf— ih  aiqpli:— whito  end  gold  tecroll);  darkgroen 
(onHnianl);  rml  bine  and  gold  (ornament); 
Sid  oela  (ka¥ee)$   rubj,  green,  fta 


258    Vinoi,  IKmrnim^  Kirkakfy,  SiooetoKf— Deaigner 

Ibr  baUa,  lobbiea,  &o:— Ko.  1.  Chints 
t%lmitetionofflneoan>eting.    No.  2. 
,  Ibor  ooloofa,  imitation  of  granite  inlaid. 
Bbw  a.  MtMh  paMem,  four  colonic  imitation  of  marbla 
Ko.  4.  A  oomwnation  of  Koa.  2  and  3,  repre- 
MaMe  and  nanit^^inlaid  altemstelj,  ahoinng 
u  Sands  oan  DO  made  to  woik  atnglv  or  together, 
IkanAgrgHqgti^  advantage  of  tiiree  diitmct  pattema^ 
«ift  aiil^  two  lati  of  blooka. 

[Iha  oBfM  anqdojod  in  the  niannfSKitare  of  floor- 
iifiodnaad  prine^palljr  in  the  north,  and  in  large 
teaABniiee.  tChe  aiae  of  the  canvaa,  6  yarda 
itt  width,  and  about  100  in  length,  will  oon- 
an  %§tm  of  that  of  the  loom  produdng  it.  The 
of  the  oil  ooloora  and  patterns  is  effected  in 
places.  Prior  to  this,  the  canvas  is  prepared  for 
the  reception  of  the  paint  by  a  coating  of  size.  The 
paint  and  pattern  are  applied  by  hand,  and  the  latter  is 
by  the  usual  process  of  block-printing.] 


254       Natlob,  David,  Manchester — Producer. 

FatflDt  Kidderminster  carpet,  woven  by  a  steam-power 
loom. 


255  Let,  P.,  Victoria  Cottage,  BickingUm,  near 

Barnstaple,  Deton — Producer. 
A  piece  of  needlework  in  floss  silk,  representing  the 
Bible  encircled  with  roses,  with  an  appropriate  motto  in 
gold  letters.  

256  BOTCHKB,  Misses,  2  Ciarendon  Road,  Notting  Ilill^ 

Producers. 

Tafiety  of  Berlin  wool-work. 


257     Kk^'Comb  &  Jones,  Kidderminster,  and  19  Skinner 

Street,   XorKicm—- Manufacturers.      Thos.   PAdi^ 

&  Co.,  opposite  the  Mansion  House,   City — Pro- 

pnetora. 

Model  carpet  of  superior  velvet  pile,  representing  the 

Arms  of  the  Company  of  Mercers,   with  emblazoned 

botder,  &c. 

Velvet  pile  carpet  in  breadths;  design,  "  the  vine  and 
paawinn  flower.'* 

Best  Brussels  carpet,  in  breadths ;  of  a  white  ground  and 
•eroU  chintz. 


258       Nbwtom,  Joneb,  &  Willis,  Temple  Row, 
Birmingham-— Ch\ixc\i  Decorators. 

Bobea,  hoodai,  curtains,  and  veils,  embroidered  in  silk 
and  gold. 

Sititin  damaak  hangings,  woollen  hangingB,  velvet-pile 


259        Oltxi,  Ltdia,  XtftAaare^Mann&otnrer. 
ihnbroidered  ooUar,  atomabher,  and  aleevee. 


260    OsBOBN,  Maiiipa,  4  Bffdnay  Square,  Oommerdai 

AnnI  JBcttl— Ftodnoer. 
"Mary,  Queen  of  Sooti|u  monzninff  over  the  dying 
Douj^^' in  Berlin  wo<d. 


261      PAimics,  AmoE^  JMitmrM, 

Deaigner-aad  MamifiMstnrer. 
A  croohet  table-oorer  in  Berlin  wooL 


262 

Panel  for  a  pNole-aoreen,  embroidared  in  oolonred  ail 
nponiddte  satin* 

Lad/a  dreaa,  embroidered  in  ohetry-oolovred  a^ba, 
upon  white  ailk. 

Cuahion  lor  a  ohair,  embroidBrad  in  oolonred  ailka,  i^on 
wUte  satin.  

263    Pabdos,  Hookams,  &  Pabdoi^  Kiiikrnmster^ 

Mannftctuiera. 

Whytobk's  Patent  tapestry  aafpeting;  in  Bruasela  and 
Telvet  pile.  The  ooloura  are  penaaaently  printed  on  tlia 
worsted  before  it  ia^eWOTen. 

Skein  of  the  worsted.    Piatent  Bedin  ruga. 


264  Pa«bmt  CAMPttzjiB  CoMPAjiT,  A^^Produoers^ 
Tapeatiy :  'newa  of  Windaor  Caatle,  MalTttm  HiHs,  '^ 

265  PAtSNT  UnttCHT  CoMPAjiT,  86  SUward  Street, 

8pit<UIUkb—FrQdu.etn, 
Laoe  onrtatnsi  patent  nlk  laoe  dnaa  and  ourtaina; 
patent  laoe  qttilt,  aOaif,  and  curtaina;  Spaniah  mantilla. 


266  PBiBSK,  ClaAa,  Broad  SlMri,  JB^iM— Deaigner. 
Groehet  bed-quilt,  illnati^ated  with  the  Ten  Command- 
ments in  the  centre,  with  imitation  of  point  lace  border. 

The  designer  14  years  of  age. 

267  Penley,  E.  a.,  St.  Peter's,  Margate — Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
Silk  patchwork  table-cover. 


26B     Perbt,  Edward,  The  Rev.,  26  PoHland  Place, 

Leamington — ^Producer. 
Scarf  composed  of  British  silk,  being  the  produce  of 
2,000  silk  worms,  which  were  kept  in  an  out-house  at 
Qoodrich,  in  Herefordshire.  The  silk  was  wound  from 
the  cocoons  and  spun  by  Mrs.  Perry  and  her  daughter; 
after  which,  it  vrwi  made  into  the  scarf  now  exhibited. 
The  silk  is  in  its  natural  or  raw  state,  unmanufactiuxsd, 
and  the  colours  of  the  silk  produced  by  the  male  and 
female  worms  are  preserved. 

[In  a  preceding  class  will  be  found  a  brief  notice  of  the 
labours  of  the  late  Bfrs.  Wliitby  to  introduce  the  cul- 
ture of  the  silkworm  into  this  cotmtry.  This  notice 
accompanies  a  banner  entirely  wrought  out  of  silk  pro- 
duced from  worms  bred  in  England.  In  the  present, 
as  in  other  instances  exhibited,  the  same  success  has 
attended  this  art. — H.  E.] 


269      Heald,  Benjamin,  Old  Sidnton,  Nottingham — 

Designer. 
A  design  for  Honiton  lace  flouncings. 


270 
Specimens  of  knitting  by  the  poor  Irish  children  near 

Limerick. 

271        PimjJPS,  Emilt,  166  Bermmdsey  Street, 

Souihwark — Producer. 
"  La  Vendredi:"— eating  meat  on  Friday. 


670 


Class  19.— TAPESTRY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Centbal  Gallery. 


[United 


272       Phillips,  Rebecca,  Svcanboume,  Wuuhu> — 

Manufacturer. 
Ornamental  linen-thread  pillow-lace. 


273     PiCKTHORN,  Esther,  George  Street,  Hockley,  near 
Birmingham — ^Hanu&cturer. 
Hearth-rug,  raiaed,  in  needlework. 


274    TiZABD  Brothers,  6  Hanway  Street,  Oxford  Street — 

Producers. 
Specimens  of  Irish  pearl  work. 


275    Read  &  Huhphrets,  21  Clare  Street,  Bristol— 

Manufacturers. 
Folding  screen  on  canvas,  worked  in  cross  and  tent 
stitches.     Two  figures  playing  chess. 


276    RisDON,  John,  194  ITigh  St.,  -E!r<?ter— Proprietor. 
Fancy  silk  and  velvet  quilt. 

278  Robinson,  Miss,  Newport  Terrace,  Bolton, 

Lancashire — Designer. 
Group  of  flowers  worked  in  a  new  style,  from  an  oil 
ptdnting,  by  the  exhibitor. 

279  Robinson  &  Wiuson,  Whitehaven — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  carpets. 

280  Rodoers,  John,  &  Son,  Islington,  near  Birmingham 

— ^Manufacturers. 
Purses,  embroidered  in  the  weaving:  such  embroidery 
having  been  previously  done  only  by  hand. 

281  Rolls,  Jabies  &  George,  k  Son,  Lotcer 

Kenninjton  Lane — Manufacturers. 
Piece  of  floor-cloth. 

282  RoLPH,  Jonas,  Coggeshall,  Essex — ^^lanufacturer. 

A  dress  with  two  flounces,  a  fall,  a  berthe,  and  a  lappet, 
in  imitation  of  Brussels  point  lace,  in  tambour- work; 
exhibited  for  workmanship. 

283  RooME,  Ann  Emprinoham,  Beawnont  HUl,  Lincoln 

— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
South-west  view  of  York  Cathedral,  worked  upon  white 
silk,  with  the  rovings  of  black  lutestring  and  manufac- 
turers* silk.  

284  Royal  Victoria  Astlum  for  the  Blind,  Newcistle- 

upon-Tyne — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Shawl,  knitted  of  wool.     Queen's  veil,  knitted  in  imi- 
tation of  lace.     Jenny  Lind  veil :  and  baskets.    Manu- 
factured by  the  blind  inmates  of  the  asylum. 

285  Russell,  Sarah  Ann,  Bromsgrove,  near  Worcester 

— Manufacturer. 
Berlin  wool  work.      Subject — Joseph  presenting  his 
father  to  Pharaoh. 


288  Sewell,  Evans,  &  Co.,  44,  45,  k  46  Old  Compton 

Street — Proprietors. 
Straw- work  on  crape»  applicable  to  various  other  fabrics. 
A  patent  Axminstcr  carpet. 

Rich  figured  damask  silk,  brocaded  in  various  colours. 
Plain  moire  antique. 

Figured  damask,  made  in  a  Jacquard  loom. 
Specimens  of  knitting,  &c.,  by  poor  Irish  children. 

289  Shakell,  Maria,  Fanny  &  Edward,  Belle  V»e 

Cottage,  Shirley,  near  Southampton — Producers. 
Needlework :   Scripture  subject,  mounted  in  a  frame 
designed  and  executed  by  E.  Shakell. 

293     Shedden,  Hcoh,  38  Stanhopt:  Street,  Liverpool — 

Manufacturer. 
Royal  standard  of  England,   made  of  bunting,   the 
article  used  for  flags  in  the  marine  service  ;  the  devices 
embroidered  on  tho  whole  cloth,  of  Berlin  wool. 


294     Sheridan,  Peter,  22  and  23  Parliament  Street, 

Dublin — Manufiicturer. 
Brussels  and  Kidderminster  carpeting,  manufactured  at 
23  Pimlico,  Dublin.     Hearth  rugs. 


295        Heald,  Henry,  Old  Sidnton,  near  Nottingham — 

Designer. 
A  design  for  a  black  lace  shawl. 


296      Shirer,  Alexander,  Cheltenham — ^Designer. 

Cut-pile  Brussels  carpet,  foliage  British  oak  with  acom, 
horse-chesnut  leaves  and  blossom,  with  fern  and  palm 
leaves.  Manufeu^ured  by  H.  Brinton  and  Sons,  Kidder- 
minster. 


297     Shor^  Anne  Jane,  Wem,  near  J^^rewsbwy — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Crochet  needlework  silk  shawl  of  new  design,  having 
four  hundred  and  twenty-five  invisible  joinings,  without 
knots. 


298        Shuldam,  Harriet,  Danmanwxy,  Ireland — 

Producer. 
Lace  work. 


299       SiBTHORPE,  Fanny  Louisa,  Limerick,  Ireland — 

Producer. 
Piece  of  Berlin  work,  subject  "  Haddon  Hall  in  the  days 
of  yore ;"  and  the  ' '  Morning  of  the  Chase,"  in  a  carved  oak 
frame. 


301     Sim,  C.  J.,  High  Street,  Bedford— "Manu&ctureir, 
Bedfordshire  pillow-lace. 


302     SiMCOX,  G.  P.,  Kiildenninstcr — ^Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Two  large  finger  worsted  rugs,  containing  the  arms  of 
the  borough  of  Kidderminster. 

Small  sample  of  velvet  carpet,  made  on  the  occasion  of 
the  marriage  of  H.R.H.  the  late  Princess  Charlotte  with 
Prince  Leopold  of  Saxe-Cobourg. 

Registered  pattern  of  double-breadth  second  Brussels. 
Registered  patterns  of  Brussels  velvet,  woven  on  new 
principle. 

Several  coloured  designs  of  carpets  called  the  patent 
beaver,  woven  by  steam-power. 


304     Smith,  Mrs.  Richard,  Bokenden,  Staplehurst, 

Kent — Manufacturer. 
Group  in  wool;   the  Queen,  the  Princess  Royal,  and 
the  Prince  of  Wales. 


307  Stokes,  Stephen,  Kevin  Street  Police  Barrack, 

Dublin — Inventor. 
Table  cover  of  mosaic  cloth-work,  representing  the 
royal  arms;  the  royal  family  at  a  review;  the  capture  of 
the  French  eagle  by  the  royal  dragoons  at  Waterloo;  a 
sketch  from  Ballingarry;  ^'ar  chariot,  &o.;  all  composed 
of  pieces  of  cloth  fine-drawn  together. 

308  SoTTON,  Eliza,  ^ai<is^<mtf— Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
A  fine  white  crochet  bed-quilt,  the  centre  composed  of 
a  group  of  flowers,  above  which  are  three  scriptural  sen- 
tences, in  English,  French,  and  German;  t>elow  the 
centre  are  three  other  scriptural  sentences,  in  Italian, 
Spanish,  and  Latin ;  at  each  side  is  a  scriptural  sentence 
in  English ;  in  the  borders  are  dates  and  allusions  to  th« 
Great  Exhibition,  in  English :  the  whole  finished  with  a 
wide  lace,  and  lined  with  pink  cambric. 


309    Sutherland,  Jankf,  Falkirk,  Scotland — Inventor^ 
Designer,  and  Manufacturer. 
Drawing-room  table-covor,  embroidered  with  Coloured 
satin  on  a  black  satin  square  or  ground;  in  a  new  style { 
the  flowers,  figures,  &c.,  are  formed  and  arranged  without 
the  aid  of  drawings  or  patterns. 


KlSGDOM.] 


LACE  AND  EMBROIDERY,  &c. 
South  Central  Gallery. 


571 


310       Tamis,  M.  L.  a.,  8  Nelson  Street,  Momington 
CrttoetU,  Camden  Toxcn — Designer  and  Inventor. 
Berlin  wool  needlework. 
Lamp  pillar,  &c. 

312  Tatusb,  Ann  Maria,  Middle  Chinnock — 

Proprietor. 
Historical  piece  of  needlework  in  wool — 3iary  Queen  of 
Scota  weeping  oyer  the  dying  Douglas. 

313  TsNNUON,  Mrs.  M.  A.,  8  Braughton  Place, 

Hackney  Road — Producer. 
Chair  of  papier  machd,  of  the  Elizabethan  style,  inlaid 
with  mother-of-pearl  of  all  colours,   with  cushion  of 
needlework. 

314  Tbtlet,  Mrs.,  BoWm  Place,  Bridge  Street,  Bradford 

— Manufacturer. 

Bed  qtdlt,  embroidered  with  cotton  on  satteen  ground. 
Dedgn,  a  flower  vase  with  wreath  and  Prince  of  Wales's 
plume,  &c. 

Cot  quilt^  embroidered  with  white  floss  silk  on  blue 
ntin.  

315  TsMPLETOii,  J.,  &  Co.,  Glasgow — Manufacturers 

and  Patentees. 

Pitent  Azminster  carpets,  intended  for  drawing-room; 
for  dining-room  or  library;  in  Persian  style,  for  dining- 
room  ordrawing-room;  and  in  Turkey  style,  for  dining- 
room,  &c. 

Carpets  bordered  and  chintz  fitted  for  parlour  or 
drawing-room;  hearth-rugs,  patent  Axminster;  breadth 
earpeting;  stair  or  landSng  carpeting;  Tourney  table 
covers;  {sano  covers;  and  door  or  window  curtains. 

[llieae  carpets,  rugs,  &c.,  are  woven  in  the  loom,  and 
not  tofted  or  knotted  to  the  warp  as  in  the  older  method 
of  making  such  goods.  The  worsted  being  thrown  entirely 
to  the  rar&oe  of  the  fabric,  instead  of  appearing  on  both 

the  material,  and  gives  a  smoother 

>•]        

317  Thwaites,  Mary,  4  Qnndrant  Road,  Lo\rer 

Isliwjton — Proprietor. 
Pine  knitted  thread  ahawl.  ValencieDuea  lace  bonnet. 
Knitted  bonnet  and  panwol.  Kmbroidered  cambric  hand- 
kerchiefs. Cambric  pincuHhion,  with  anus  of  England 
♦-mbn>idered.  Crocliet  <rOyley.  S|>ecimens  of  imitation 
Valenciennea  lace.  Manufactured  by  the  poor  children 
of  Newry. 

318  TrBBFTViLLE,  Smitii,  Boyle,  &  Co.,  9  Great 

Mnrlf>t)nj>i4jh  Street — Producers. 
AxminKter  carpet.     Velvet  pile    tajHistry  carpet,   de- 
uliO^e*!  from  native  flowern.     Brussela  carpet,   of  Elizabe- 
than design,  criniHon  and  oak. 

320      Tbollope,  Rose,  ♦>  Adm  Terrace,  Kcnsiwjton — 

Pnxlueer. 
Folding  screen  of  tai>eHtry  work. 


322       Turner,  \.gsv»,  Sutton  Jtectonj,  Dartford — 

Maniifjicturer. 
Knittoil  laco  scarf,  three  yardrf  long,  and  three  quarters 
wMe. 


323      Uphill,  Mary  Ann,  F-ut/iUi  Bishop^  Sali^hiiry — 

Derfij^ier  and  Manufacturer. 

A  ciusliion  for  the  toilet,  coinpofied  <»f  thread  and  fine 
P'ld  twirtt  of  different  texture.  In  the  centre  of  tliin 
woric  in  intnKluce<l  the  profile  of  Her  >Lijerfty,  Prince 
Alf»ert,  and  all  the  Royal  Family,  with  their  initials. 
Tlic  l»ttnd  n)un<l  the  work  ha**  thin  motto  worked  in  letters 
<»f  lace, — "  Ivon^  live  Vict<»ria  Queen  of  England,  Prince 
AllKTt,  and  all  the  Royal  Family."  The  whole  work  is 
orri;une!it<rd  ^^•ith  the  Crown  of  Kn;!;laiid,  the  Rone  and 
Tlii'*th*.  I>ibh>:ui(i  Sceptre,  and  other  emblemH  of  Royalty. 

Twi^t,  of  iiitlerent  texture,  in  cui<hion  laoe. 

A  laco  iKjarf,  and  a  bafwiuotto  lace  cradle-cover  of 
»inular  manufacture. 


324    Veevers,  Letitia,  Mohill,  County  Leitrim,  Ireland 
— Producer  and  Inventor. 

Articles  manufactured  from  the  fibres  of  plants  and 
flowers,  viz. : — ^From  the  common  nettle,  pocket  handker- 
chiefs trimmed  with  lace  of  the  same  material,  shawls, 
scarf,  bonnet,  parasol,  lace  collar,  and  veil;  from  the 
hemp  nettle,  parasol  and  veil;  from  the  Lavatera,  parasol 
and  veil ;  from  the  honev  plant,  parasol ;  from  the  sweet 
pea,  bonnet  and  lace  collar;  from  the  honeysuckle,  bon- 
net and  lace  collar;  from  the  nasterciimi,  parasol;  from 
the  Keria  japonica,  bonnet;  from  the  marsh  mallow, 
bonnet;  from  silk,  mittens;  from  the  bee  plant,  a  cap. 
Shawl  of  nettles. 

Specimens  of  the  flax  and  threads  from  which  the 
preceding  articles  are  manufactured. 


325    Lawson,  John,  4  Sidmouth  Street,  Orat/s  Inn  Road 

— ^Designer. 
Axminster  hearth-rug,   manufactured    by  Blackmore 
Brothers,  Wilton.     Various  designs  for  caipets.     Speci- 
mens painted  on  ruled  paper  for  the  weaver. 

327    The  Victoria  Felt  Carpet  Company,  8  Love 
Lane,  Wood  Street — ^Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  patent  felt  carpeting.  Printed  and 
embossed  table-covers,  felt.  Embossed  window  curtains, 
felt.     Fine  cloth,  felt. 

Manufactured  at  Leeds,  and  printed  in  London. 


328  Vincent,  Samuel,  Turvey,  near  Olney,  Bucks — 

Manufacturer. 
Bedford  and  Buckinghamshire  pillow-lace,  veils,  lace 
collars,  and  lace.     Name  and  address  in  letters,  formed 
of  lace.     Lace,  pillow  and  bobbins,  by  which  the  lace  is 
worked.  

329  VoKEB,  Frederic  S.  T.,  9  Hope  Cottages,  Cottage 

Grove,    Bedford    New    Road,    Clapham    Rise — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Superfine  scarlet  cloth  table-cover,  braided  with  up- 
wards of  2,000  yards  of  black  mohair  cord,  executed  with- 
out patteniH  or  pouncing,  on  a  new  principle. 

330  Haves,  Eleanor  Jane,  24  Richmoml  Terrace,  L'ast 

Street,  Walurorth — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Picture.^  composed  of  needlework  and  steel  beads : — The 
successful  deer-stalkers  of  the  Highlands.  Three  chorister 
boys.  The  royal  arms  of  England.  Two  country  girls 
(seated  in  a  shrubbery).  The  Last  Supper.  The  novelty 
of  these  articles  consist  in  their  being  of  needlework,  and 
forming  a  surface  of  gla^,  representing  figures,  animals, 
and  foliage.  

334  Ward,  Anne,  Colerainr,  Ireland — Designer  and 

Executor. 
Specimens  of  needlework.  View  of  "  The  Giant's 
Causeway ;"  an  "  Italian  scene,"  by  Veniet ;  and  an  "Arctic 
scene."  The  p^oundwork  is  linen  in  the  first  view,  and 
lutestring  in  the  others.  The  work  is  an  imitiition  of  lino 
engraN-ing,  and  the  material  employed,  cotton  and  silk 
thread. 

335  Wasubourn,  Ann,  Great  yfarlovc,  Bucks — 

Manufacturer. 
A  muslin  small  dress  over  a  blue  slip,  embroidered. 
A  boy's  embroidered  muslin  dress.     A  child's  frock. 


330    Waterhouse,  Emma  Isabkijjl  &  Maria  Adelaide, 

Clarerinmt  Cott'Uje,  LofujJJrjvuwjU  lioad,  Brixton — 
Makers. 
Crochet  countcri>anc,  12  feets^iuare,  worked  in  Strutt's 
cotton,  representing  a  variety  of  flowers;  the  eentre  of 
the  counteiiKine  a  cluster  of  roses  encircled  with  a  wreath 
of  flowers  and  leaves;  the  insertion  c<»m{K)Hed  of  a  v^Teath 
of  lilies,  entwined  round  a  ])ole;  at  the  four  ct)nui-s  arc 
a  trumjK't  flower,  a  rose,  a  eonvolvolus,  an<l  a  wihl  ms**; 
finishe<l  off  with  a  deep  e<lpng.  The  patterns  were  all 
(loi4igne<l  by  Wilks,  Iti'f^'ent  StnM?t. 


572 


Class  19.— TAPESTBY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS, 

South  Central  Gallery. 


[Ukited 


337     Watson,  Bell  &  Co.,  35  &  36  Old  Bond  Street— 
Manufacturers  and  Importers. 

Extra  superfine  Axminster  carpet,  designed  by  Le^is 
Qruner,  Esq.,  exhibited  by  Her  M^'esty  the  Queen.  The 
design  of  this  carpet  is  represented  in  the  accompanying 
lithograph  drawing. 

Carpet  in  the  renaissance  style,  designed  by  John 
LawAon. 

Carpet  in  the  Louis  Quatorze  style,  designed  by 
M.  Brandeley. 

A  superfine  Axminster  carpet  in  the  Italian  style  and 
colouring,  designed  by  James  Crabb. 

A  fine  Axmmster  carpet,  in  the  Persian  stylo  and 
colouring,  adapted  for  dining-rooms.  All  manu&cturod 
by  Blackmore  Brothers. 

Superfine  velvet  bordered  carpet,  crimson  and  chintz 
designed  by  John  Lawson. 

Brussels  carpet,  bordered,  in  the  Persian  style,  applica- 
ble to  rooms  of  any  size,  at  the  ordinary  cost  of  Brussels 
carpet. — Designed  by  John  Arbuthnot,  and  manufactured 
by  Watson  &  Co.,  Kidderminster. 

Carpets  manufactured  in  the  province  of  Masulipatam, 
and  imiM>rted  from  Madras. 

Real  Turkey  carpets,  manufactured  at  Ushak,  in  the 
province  of  Aidin,  and  imported  from  Smyrna. 


338  Watson  &  Son,  Kidderminster — ^Manufacturers. 
A  variety  of  carpets. 

339  Wauch  &  Son,  3  &  4  Ooodge  Street — Designers. 
Royal  velvet  pile  cari>et,  purple  ground.   An  allegorical 

design  for  a  caq^t  for  a  Royal  palace. 

341      Wells,  B.  W.,  Windmill  Lane,  Cambencell 

— ^Manufacturer. 
Registered  floor-cloth,  the  pattern  being  an  imitation 
of  Berlin  wool  work,  printeil  in  gold  and  lake  colours. 

343      White,  Son,  &  Co.,  78  Watling  Street,  and 
108  Cheapskk — Proprietors. 
Kidderminster,  cut  pile  Brussels,  velvet  pile  tape^tr}', 
and  square  velvet  pile  carpets.     Printed  oloth  table- 
covers.     Silk  worsted  damasks. 


345     Whitwell,  John,  &  Co.,  Kemlal — Designers 

and  ManufifM^urers. 
Kidderminster  carpeting.  Twilled  Venetian  carpet, 
woven  in  a  power-loom,  and  with  variety  of  colour  and 
texture.  Improved  Brussels  cai-pet,  with  new  arrange- 
ment for  pile  and  texture.  Berlin  hearth-rug,  now 
design  and  material. 

347     Whitney,  E.,  Cleveland  Place,  Bath — Designer. 

Embroidered  lady^s  apron.     Coat  of  arms  in  needle- 
work. 


349  Williams,  Lady  Qriffin,  Murlborow/h — Producer. 
''The  Last  Supper,"  from  the  painting  by  Leonardo  da 

Vinci,  worked  in  German  wool  and  floss  silk. 

350  Wilson,  Anne,  Ihtcnj^trich,  Ireliml — 

Maiuifacturer. 
Fancy  work  in  wool — subject,  **Shipi^Tecked  sailor;"  in 
which  new  stitches,  iuvented  by  the  exhibitor,  are  intro- 
duce<l  to  give  effect  to  different  parts  of  the  picture. 


351     Wilson,  J.  &  W.,  Bann'tcfMrn,  Stirling,  Scotland 

— Manufacturers. 

Brussels  carpeting. 

Su(>erfine  Scotch  carpeting. 

Venetian  stair  carpeting. 

In  the  specimen  of  Scotch  caqxjt  ticketed  No.  1,  only 
r>3*i  caiils  in  the  Jacquard  loom  ait*  usetl,  while  the  effect 
of  three  different  imttems  can  be  produced ;  the  pattern 
bfing  HO  dosiKnofl  that  it  can  be  made  up  into  three  ciu*- 
pet-*<,  diffoitsnt  from  one  another  in  (mttern. 

No.  2  is  a  fourth  vmicty  of  pattern. 

No.  1,  the  same  carcU  bouig  uso<l,  but  differently 
arr.uiged. 


352    Wood,  Henbt  &  Thomas,  22  Watling  Street— 

Proprietors. 

Printed  and  embossed  cloth  table^overs.    Printed  all 
over  cloth. 

Brussels  carpet. 


354       Woodward,  B.  Hiogins,  Kidderminster — 

Manufacturer. 

Large  velvet  pile  carpet,  in  the  ornamental  style.  This 
species  of  carpeting  is  capable  of  being  made  to  any 
required  length  or  width,  and  in  varied  colourings,  to 
correspond  with  other  fmniture:  and  can  be  produced  at 
the  ordinary  price. 

Specimens  of  the  same  pattern  in  Brussels  quality,  and 
varied  colourings,  showing  its  adaptation  to  the  style  of 
any  room,  with  border  for  the  same. 

Specimens  of  various  colourings  of  the  "oak  branch," 
in  iSrussels  quality. 

Specimen  sketched  from  the  Acada^  in  Brussels  quality. 

Specimen  of  wool  netting,  for  traj  oovers. 


355      Woodward,  Henry,  &  Co.,  Church  Street, 
KuUlerminstcr — ^Manufacturen. 

Carpets: — Velvet  pile,  ruby  ground,  with  stems  and 
chintz  flowers,  and  border  surrounding  it,  for  dntwing- 
room  floors. 

Brussels  pile,  arabesque  pattern,  for  dining-room  floon, 

Brussels  pile,  scroll  on  a  rich  crimson  ground,  for 
dining-room  floors. 

Velvet  pile,  ivy  leaves  and  stems,  lying  on  moaa  and 
wild  weeds,  for  stairs  and  corridors. 

All  registered  designs. 


356    WooLCocK,  Catherine,  13  New  Oufft^e  IHreet, 
Portman  Square — Mantifketnrer. 
Banner  screen.    Design,  the  arms  of  ^Ebgland,  anr- 
rounded  with  drapery,  and  intersected  with  Draoches  of 
olive ;  with  pendant  wreaths  of  the  roae,  shamrook,  and 
thistle,  crocheted  with  silk  in  numerous  ookran. 


357  Wratislaw,  Matilda  Emily,  Hughy,  Warwi^^ire 
— Designer  and  Manufiictarer. 
Cap,  worked   in  crochet  in  imitation  of  pcnnt  laoe; 
design,  rose,  trefoil,  and  thistle. 


358     Wrigut,  Crump,  &  Crane,  Kiddermmtter — 

Manufacturers. 

Velvet  pile,  dining-room,  drawing-room,  and  boudoir 
caq)ets,  bonlered  complete. 

Brussels  carpets,  for  dining  and  drawing  rooma. 

Stair  carpets. 

3G1     TuRTON,  S.,  19  Prospect  Place,  Radford,  iwnr 

Notthigham — Designer. 
Designs  for  lace-curtains  to  be  made  on  single-tior 
machine,  size  about  10  feet  by  7  feet.  The  portion  marked 
off*  near  the  top  of  the  curtain  repeated  twice  on  the 
machine,  making  the  length  of  lace  about  15  feet.  With 
other  designs  for  lace  work. 


305  Roberts,  Mrs.,  TJtwfcy— Producer. 

A  knitted  countorjuuie. 


307    Chaplin,  Charles,  2  Providence  Place,  Prwpcci 

Jiow,  Wociwich — Inventor. 
Table-cover,  or  bod-quilt,  containing  3,230  pieces,  and 
127  skeinB  of  silk.     Made  by  the  exhibitor. 

371     Smith  &BABER,  Knijhtsbridgc—lnYmkUan, 
Designers,  and  Manufacturera. 

Floor  cloth,  in  imitation  of  ancient  tesselatod  pave- 
ments ;  comprising  a  centre  and  borders,  being  copies  of 
Roman  jmvemonts  discovered  in  England. 

Floor  cloths,  copy  of  Roman  tesselated  pavement  dis- 
covered in  England,  and  in  stylo  of  Honum  teasolatoil 
l>avemont. 


L/vCE  ASn  EMBROIDERY,  &c. 
SiiUTii  Cestbai,  Cai.i.eiiv. 


(72    BebN'^***;, ^wwJM«GiMn!.C..rt.    AVrt,uj„«. 
Knitt.-.!  -iiiilt  rot  fctaWtwIb.  S^HkI  big.  Eihibito.l 


:i8."i       Dati-kv,  Eliza,  P.iij.'h— iruiiifiictunT. 
Wool-work,  in  Ulit-iiUteli  —  "  Sir  W'altur  Scott  unci 

Hpedmu  of  fiuMf  vtf^t^i^  in  UnUtitoh-Mwa 


Kl!?ODOH,] 


LACE  AND  EMBROIDERY,  &c. 
South  Central  Gallery. 


573 


372    Bernard,  Hon.  Jane  Grace,  Cork,  Killrogan, 
BandoHf  Ireland — Producer. 
Knitted  quilt  for  a  baby's  crib.  Knitted  bag.  Exhibited 
on  behalf   of  the   workers,  the   children   of  Killrogan 
parochial  school,  Bandon. 


373       Prior,  Rev.  H.  E.,  Lucan,  Dublin— Froducer. 

Specimens  of  Irish  lace,  the  work  of  the  Lucan  Indus- 
trial School. 


374    West,  C.  Mart,  1  Broiufham  Terrace,  Kiwjstoum, 
fhMm — Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 

Scarf  of  black  lace,  embroidered  in  a  new  style,  in 
Deccan  silk  of  different  colours,  interspersed  with  wings 
of  the  Indian  beetle. 

Flounces  for  ladies'  dress,  of  same  materials  and  work. 


375      Bates,  Jemima,  Great  Dover  Street,  Sttrretf — 

Designer. 
Specimens  of  needlework  upon  machine  net;  handker- 
chief; infant's  cap. 

377  Dalrtmple,  Mart  Elizabeth,  37  CosehUl  Street, 

Eaton  Sqttare — Inventor  and  Producer. 
Table-cover  of  fawn-coloured  cloth,  embroidered  with 
chenille;  flowery  pattern.     An  embroidered  quilt. 

378  Fancodrt,  Catherine,  Grimsthorpe,  near  Bourne — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Fancy  bed-quilt. 

379  Ladt  BflATORsss  (1850),  and  150  Ladies  of  Great 

Britain  the  executants.  The  design  by  John 
W.  Pap  worth,  Esq.,  Great  Marlborough  Street; 
the  patterns  painted  bv,  and  the  work  executed 
under  the  superintenaence  of,  W.  B.  Simpson, 
West  Strand. 

A  Berlin  wool  carpet^  30  feet  long  and  20  feet  wide, 
worked  in  detached  squares,   which  have  been  subse- 

Suently  joined  t<^ther  to  form  the  complete  design.  An 
liutration  of  a  hranch  of  manufacture  which  may  afford 
i*j  itf»  fxocutant.s  a  recoini>onso  more  H})er!il  than  they  can 
obtiiin  in  morft  other  sorts  of  needlework. 

Thiu  manvifivcturo  nuiy  also  ai»[)ly  to  the  entire  decora- 
ti«»n  of  a  r»x>m,  as  tapestrj',  funiitiire,  &c.  The  initials 
of  the  executuits  form  the  ornament  of  the  outi^ido 
b<»rder.  The  whole  desii^n  is  eonnected  by  wre^iths  or 
baii'L*  of  leaves  and  foliage,  the  centre  ^oup  representing 
the  f'tttrv  from  whence  they  hxive  been  distributed. 

r.irt  of  the  patterns  of  the  IJerlin  wool  caq>t»t  exhi- 
bit<*<i  by  Her  Majesty.  The  whole  design  is  p.dnted  in 
ofic  pie<'e  JVH  a  j»ict»jre;  on  being  Hulxlividetl  the  wpiares 
have  the  thr».-a«l  lines  ]»nnted  upon  them.  15y  this  aminge- 
iiient  the  s<*tting  out  the  pattern  or  second  painting  on 
ivjuare<l  pa|K'r  from  a  picture  first  made  is  rendered 
unnecejwAT}'. 

'>HO       Stokes,  Stephen,  4  li  irt/i<>lnnir>r  close — 

DesigiuT  and  Inventor. 
Ilittle  of  CJrand  Cairo  in  needlework,  ten  feet  liy  forty. 
Arnaig  the  various  figures,  Napole«m  15uonap;irte  is  most 
pr»miiieat. 

.'IS'J     BraYSH.vw,  John,  11h  C/ityh  SV.rtY,   L'iw^,i^trr — 

IVotlucrr. 
f'otmteq«\ne  of  mosaic  noi»«llework,  12  feet  long  by 
r'fe»'t  wide.  tli\  i. led  into  I  I  e«»inj»,irtnients,  e.urh  repre- 
»i.»Titing  a  J^•l•ul;u•  jtrint,  worked  »ip  of  coloured  picves  of 
rh'th.  witii'.ut  e<>l< Hiring  m;vttA;r  ;  with  scroll  on  the 
\-  I  \'T.  'if  n»\v  (li'ijn. 

'.\^  \  \io<y.,   r.l.IZAIM:TH.   <>.rfnr'l — Designer. 

r!ie\.il  <^  reen.  in  nee«llework,  conveiiible  into  a  chcss- 
t.iMe,  with  a  Worked  top. 

,'l**4  Kiddle,  Jo><HrA,  .V /(-Inventor. 

W»%e!i  ciishi'»n,  C'>mpl«'ted  in  tin-  l(M)m  without  the 
aa  1  "f  noc  llework;  figured  on  l)»)th  side^. 


385  Oatley,  Eliza,  Devizea — Manufacturer. 

Wool-work,  in  tent-stitch  —  '*  Sir  Walter  Scott  and 
family." 

Specimen  of  fancy  needlework,  in  tent-stitch — samo 
subject. 

386  Gux,  WiujAH  Lewis,  ColyUm,  Axmmster — 

Manufacturer. 

Honiton  lace: — Portion  of  an  original  design,  intended 
for  the  flounce  made  for  Her  Majesty. 

Portion  of  a  new  design  for  a  scarf. 

Collars  in  various  designs. 

Colyton  chromatic  silk  berthe,  made  on  the  pillow. 

Silk  lappet,  designed  from  the  Alhambra,  made  on  tho 
pillow. 

Lace  scarf,  berthe  and  sleeves. 

Patterns  of  lace. 


387  Chinchen,  Ann,  Swanage,  Dorset — Producer. 

Fancy-work  in  straw  plait,  manufactured  by  the  hand, 
at  Swanage;  and  used  for  making  hats,  bonnets,  and 
baskets. 

388  Aters,  Wiujam,  Newport  Pagnell,  Bucks — 

Producer. 
Specimens  of  Buckinghamshire  pillow-lace  pieces. 

389  Barclay,  Helen,  Tongue,  by  Golspie,  near  Aberdeen 

— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  stair  carpet,  shaded,  having  six  native 
coloiurs ;  of  carpet,  tartan  pattern,  having  one  native  and 
two  purchased  dyes;  and  of  knitted  hearth-rug,  heather 
pattern,  having  three  native  and  one  purchased  dyes;  all 
of  Sutherland  wool.  Specimen  of  knitted,  white,  figured 
bed-curtains.  Counterpane  and  toilet-cover,  of  kmtted 
cotton  thread.     Knitted  white  thread  window-shade. 

Knitted  worsted  shawl,  Victoria  pattern ;  Sutherland 
wool,  native  dye.  Cravat,  "  Sutherland  Cat"  pattern,  of 
same  wool,  natural  colours.  Card,  with  samples  of  native 
dyes  in  wool,  &c. 

Specimens  of  mattress,  made  of  drift  sponge,  found  on 
the  shores  of  Tongue. 

Specimens  of  the  i*aw  materials  of  native  dyes : — 1 .  Cro- 
tal,  or  stone  rag  dying  bro>\'u,  re^iuiring  no  nionlant, 
very  dm*able,  and  found  in  abun<lance  on  tho  rocks, 
stones,  trees,  &c.  2.  Kue,  or  the  root  of  a  strong  grassy 
plant,  found  in  the  sandbanks  along  tho  shore,  dyeing 
orange,  light  or  deep,  and  ret^uiring  no  mordant. 

[In  a  country  like  this,  afl  well  aa  over  tho  Highlands 
genendly,  where  there  is  a  suiKjrAbundanco  of  female 
labour,  the  extension  of  domestic  manufacture  l)ocomea 
of  considerable  im[)ortance,  and  the  using  of  tho  native 
dyes,  particularly  tho  crotal  an<l  tho  rue,  contribute  (as 
showni  in  the  specimens  exhibited)  to  the  sources  of 
employment  for  the  people,  and  constitute  a  consideniblo 
annual  saving  in  the  purch.'we  of  tho  dyes,  where  a  j>eoplo 
manufacture,  as  they  do  there,  tho  wool  of  their  own 
sheep  for  clothing,  &c. 

There  ai'o  many  wiM  phuits,  natives  of  Great  Britain, 
which  furnish  valuable  dyes  and  colouring  matter  of 
great  brilliiuicy;  few  of  these  have  found  their  way  into 
commerce.  The  "crotal"  mentioned  by  the  exhibitor  is 
a  lichen,  one  of  many  i^>//ft<-/>ithic  plants  allie<l  to  tho 
orchil  lichens,  abounding  in  Scotland  and  elsewhere  in  the 
British  Islands,  and  very  capahle  of  being  turned  to  good 
account.  The  "drift  sponge"  used  for  matrassing  is  the 
IfitUrh-nt,!,  ii  ucnl'itii,  a  true  sponge,  cast  on  shore  plenti- 
fully on  many  parts  of  our  coiist,  both  north  and  south, 
but  not  hithei-to  aipplied  to  any  useful  puqujse. — E.  F. ) 

:V,}0        JaCKSOV  &  (JUAH  VM.     17  &  08   O.rfnnl  Strdt— 

lVod;;e«*rs. 
London  carjx't ;  tli(?  Imrdrr  f'»nned  by  pnlin  h»aves  and 
flowei's;  shields  with  fi  uit  in  e;u'Ii  omer;  gr- »up  of  tlowei-s 
in  tho  centi-e;  juid  lill.' 1  up  with  crimson  scrolls  «»n  ma- 
rone  ground. 


574 


Class  19.— TAPESTRY,  CARPETS,  FLOOR  CLOTHS,  LACE,  EMBROmEBY,  &c. 

South  Central  Gallbby. 


Carpet,  of  Moresque  design. 

Carpet,  with  flower  upon  dark  marone  ground,  border 
in  panels,  and  medallions,  with  arabesque  scrolls  and 
flowers. 

Specimens  of  velvet  pile  carpets .  Patent  tapestry  velvet 
carpet  and  border;  design,  orchidaceous  plants  upon  dark 
green  ground.    Carpet, — roses  upon  dark  marone  ground. 

London  rugs. 

Carpet  loom  at  work.     {North  Transept), 


391     Tawton,  Mart,  9  Union  Street,  PlymoutK-- 
Manufacturer  and  Designer. 

Child's  cloak,  braided^  embroidered,  and  interspersed 
with  open  work. 

Its  novelty  consists  in  the  introduction  of  open  work 
into  French  merino;  exhibited  for  the  style  of  braiding, 
the  embroidery,  and  the  difficulty  of  execution.  The 
open  woik,  idmough  having  the  appearance  of  insertion, 
is  worked  in  the  same  material. 


392    Penlet,  E.  a.,  Groioe  noiue,  St,  Peter's,  Margate 
— ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Silk  patch-work  table  cover,  box  pattern,  containing 
upwards  of  2,000  pieces,  and  500,000  stitches. 


393  Peabse,  C,  ^a^A — ^Designer  and  Executor. 

Quilt  in  white  crochet,  with  ^e  Ten  Commandments 
worked  in. 

394  Bbnnoch,  Twentyman,  &  Rigg,  77  Wood  Street — 

Manufacturers. 

Black  and  coloured  ribbons.  Shoe  ribbons  and  ferrets. 
Silk  handkerchiefs. 

For  dresses,  mantles,  &o.: — Cameo,  lace,  and  self- 
quilling  trimmings.     Fancy  braids. 

Silk  fringes,  pLiin,  glac^,  Naples,  and  fancy  headings. 
Bullion  fringes,  plain  and  fancy  headings.  Silk  gimps 
and  cords.     Qirdles. 

Qimp,  strand,  and  Naples  cord  on  bobbins,  for  manu- 
factiu-ing  purposes.  Silk  and  cotton  wire  fur  bonnets. 
Silk  laces  for  boots. 


Sewing-silk,  for  the  use  of  tailors  and  milliners. 

Silk  twist,  in  balls  and  on  spools,  for  the  use  of  tailors. 

Netting-silk,  for  purses,  hair  nets,  kc. 

395  Beavis,  J.,  27  Mint  Street,  Borough — ^ManufBcturers. 
.    A  hearth  rug.    

396  Heal  &  Son,  Tottenham  Court  Boad-^ 

Manufacturers. 

A  crimson  satin  eider-down  quilt,  with  white  satin 
border,  embroidered  in  colours.  (This  quilt  is  represented 
in  the  accompanying  Plate  141.) 

Duv^t  in  blue  and  gold  silk,  filled  with  eider-down,  to 
lay  across  the  foot  of  a  bed. 


398  Szaffeld,  Leah,  4  Dean  Street,  Fuubury  Sq 

Producer. 

Portrait  of   Her  Majesty  and  His   Royal    Highni 
Prince  Albert,  in  Berlin  wool  work. 

Cartoon:  subject,  "The  finding  of  Motes  in  the  bull- 
rushes,"  in  Berlin  wool  work. 

399  HiNDLET  &  Sons,  134  Oxford  Street— Detagoen 

and  Manufijcturers. 
Rich  velvet  carpeting.    English  hand-wrought  carpets, 
Turkish  style.    Orientol  carpets. 

400  Bentinck,  Colonel  Henrt,  for  Bobest  PAuna 

— Producer. 
A  table-cloth,  showing,  in  embroidery,  the  Royal  Arms, 
and  different  devices,  made  by  Robert  Palmer,  a  private 
soldier  of  the  1st  battalion  Coldstream  Guards. 

403    Underwood,  W.,  1  Vere  Street,  Oxford  Street — 

Manufacturer, 

Heraldic  tapestry  hanging,  being  a  new  implication  of 
heraldry  to  tapestry,  hangings,  portieres.  Sec.  The  Royal 
Arms  in  the  centre  can  be  replaced  by  those  of  any  other 
family. 

Tapestry  hangings  of  silk  and  worsted  combined.  The 
design  composed  from  the  artichoke  and  its  foliage, 
adi^ted  for  hangings  and  portieres.  {North  Central  Oai- 
lery.) 


in.  cuMfOK  uim  KiEm  Dom  odilt,  win  wnm  umt 


y 


ARTICLES  OF  GLOTHIKG,^  FOB  IMMEDIATE,  PEBSOKAl 
OR  DOMESTIC  USE. 


INTRODDCTIOH. 


trp'**—**,  tooMtni  in  ito  Ndal  idatkna,  thia  CUm  reqnfaM  but  ■  dwrt  jnUUirj  notta^ 
■■  It  doM  arUcta,  whiA  the  nqmnmeots  of  AUj  life  hara  nnderad  (iuniliar  to  OTciy  penon ;  itfll, 
t  mpeot.  It  bai  ita  interat.    nwediiig  CImm*  have  nfinted  to  Om  pnidaottan  m  wtuit  m^  to 
ripiiliil  m  the  imw  material  of  cHoQaag,  the  pnaent  Claaa  appean  aa  tba  roprcamtaliTe  of  tho  mom  advanood 
aUaa  tti  mannfiuton  to  iriiich  ooOoa,  flax,  ailk,  and  woollai  gooda  an  carried,  in  tbait  adaptation  to  penooal 

._  . •'evm.    Hm  nnwiDOf^t  nestaUe  oc  animal  fibra  baa  toon  pveaented  tonotioei  toliaBqnaitly  IIm 

l^irhkliitwaaoperaediipaninawbotoTy;  after  thia,  the  raodnct  ctf  tto  mann&ctnnr ;  and,  m  tt - 


■toatfap.  ita  ^^toatiao  to  tboae  wants  for  the  ntp^;  of  whScli  the  flhie  UaaU  ia  ftiiidially 

lbs  title  ot  die  CIsm  will  •ogseat  tlie  mnlti&rtoDa  otjeda  wUoh  bU  natonllr  within  ibi  oommdwdn 
■  bri^  The  SnMTIaana  ve  aa  followa : — A.  Hata,  Ci^  and  Bcameti,  of  variooa  tnatarial« ;  B.  Boukj,  at 
CWla^  WaoDen,  and  Bnk;  C.  Olorea,  (tf  Leather  and  othnr  materiala ;  D.  Boota,Bhoea,andLaata;  E.  Under 
CloOlfBCi  r.  Upper  Clothing. 

In  ttsBidldtng  thoaewlio  an  ^edaUv  inteierted  in  tbeae  artldee  will  meet  with  tbcm  diiplq«d  in  amie^ 
of  CMai,  and  in  othw  w^a,  in  the  Santa  Tnuaept  Oallerr. 

na  naanbctoriM  of  honeiy,  itiaw  pl^t,  and  boota  and  dioea,  have  a  looal  eatabliahmeat  in  thia  ooimtrj 
which  ia  deeerring  of  attcotioD  ;  th&t  of  Iwiery  is  principal]^  confined  to  Derby,  Nottiniibam,  and  Leicester. 
Cotton  honeiy  ia  chiefly  msdo  in  Nottinahom,  as  also  is  tixe  silk  hosiery  ;  the  latter  bein^  likewise  largely 
ondncted  in  Derby.  Woollen  hoaiery  is  moat  exteDBlvely  produced  in  Leicestershire.  ITie  alatiatics  of  these 
trades  have  been  rarefnlly  prepared  and  are  very  inleresting.  The  annual  value  of  cotlon  hosiery  is  Uken  at 
e80,00(X. ;  that  of  worsted,  &c.  is  870,0001.  ;  and  of  silk  241,O0W.  In  the  manufacture  of  these  goods  it  is 
(stimsted  that  4,&64,000  lbs.  of  raw  cotton  wool  are  used— «, 3 18,000  lbs.  of  English  wool  nnil  140,000  lbs.  of 
ailk.  The  total  number  of  perstxis  deriving  support  from  this  msnuracture  is  about  73,000,  and  about 
1,060,000(.  of  floating  capital  ia  coutddcred  to  be  employed  in  the  various  branches  of  the  trade. 

The  mannfactnre  of  straw-plait  is  carried  on  chiefly  at  St.  Albans,  Dunstable,  Tring,  and  a  few  other  places. 
Tiiat  of  boots  and  ehoea  is  conducted  on  a  very  large  scale  at  Northainpton,  from  which  place  vast  quantities  of 
these  articles  are  sent  out  ready  for  wear.  Worcester,  Dundee,  and  Woodstock  are  celebrated  for  their  glove 
manafactniM. 

It  is  interesting  to  notice  among  the  variety  of  objects  exhibited  in  Ibia  Class,  the  ingenious  and  patient 
eflbrts  made  to  apply  to  economical  purposes,  materials  derived  either  from  the  vcpotable  or  animal  kingdoms. 
New  uses  of  known  materiala  are  shown — and,  more  imjiortantly,  the  use  of  new  niateriala.  The  introduction 
of  such  materiala  ia  always  slow  and  difficult,  but  is  ultimately  certain,  if  thcynre  fo\md  to  fulfil  the  indicationa 
which  are  considered  as  first  requisites  in  a  substance  to  bo  used  by  the  manufacturer. — R.  T,. 


1  Bncuiism.  Wuxux,  &  Co.,  3A'<w  Burlington 

Street —  Dnicners. 
Court  mit,  in  detail ;  proponed  ss  a  subgtituts  for  that 

Chaoo,  M  at  preHQt  worn  by  infantry  of  the  line. 

New  b«*d-draaa  fur  infantry  of  the  lino,  adapted  to 
variooa  climatv;  fitting  tn  the  head  with  equable  pros- 
■are,  and  with  adjiutiiig  veatilator,  proposed  sa  S  sut>- 
atitals  for  Uie  cluco  now  in  use. 

UDdrass  etKt  for  offlcen  of  the  line,  proposed  ss  a  sut>- 
•titirts  for  the  shell  Jacket. 

2  ttmn,  Foma,  &  Co.,  il  »«J  Street,  CheapMe— 
Hanubctureis. 

of  Ikwn-akia  and  cmh  driving  gloves  sod 
Flum^e  plush,  regal  relvet,  patent  plush 


taffeta,  and  other  new  fabrics  in  gloves  sad  ^untleta. 
Lace  mitlB,  machine  made.  Silk  luilf-hoes,  emoroidered 
by  band.  Polka  jacket*,  in  new  ahapoe  and  patterns, 
made  by  machineir,  and  very  aupcrior  in  Gniah  to  those 
made  by  hand.  specimeDS  of  children's  hooda,  boots, 
bootakins,  and  gaitera.  Samples  of  Scotch  hoaieiy,  of 
superior  texture  and  finish, 

[Gloves  are  of  great  antiquity  in  thia  island,  ss  the 
word  is  evidently  derived  from  the  Anglo-Saxon  "glot." 
They  are  not  mentionod  in  Scripture  ;  but  were  in  use 
among  the  Komsna  in  the  time  uf  Pliny  the  youogw. 
Xenophon  etatea,  that  their  use  among  Uie  Peniana,  was 
considered  a  proof  of  their  luxurious  habits.  Qlovea 
have  had  msny  symbolical  meanings.    The  gooutlet,  or 


[OmasL  UiDBTBATn)  Cstsimiiik.] 


3  Y 


576 


Class  20.— ARTICLES  OP  CLOTHING,  FOR 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


[United 


glove,  thrown  down,  was  a  mode  of  challenge  ;  and  still 
is  practised  as  one  of  the  forms  at  a  royal  coronation. 
Queen  Elizabeth,  it  is  well  known,  was  very  fond  of 
gloves,  of  which  numerous  presents  were  made  to  her. 
White  gloves  are  also  presented  to  the  Judges  on  occasion 
of  a  maiden  assize,  the  exact  significance  or  origin  of 
which  practice  has  never  been  satisfactorily  explained. 
Leather  gloves  are  now  made  at  Worcester,  Yeovil, 
Woodstock,  and  London;  and  were  formerly  made  at 
Leominster  and  Ludlow,  but  the  trade  in  the  latter  places 
is  quite  decayed.]  | 

3      Taylor,  William  George,  285  Regent  Street — 

Proprietor. 

Balbriggan  lace-stockings,  of  fine  texture  and  elaborate 
patterns.  Balbriggan  stocldngs,  of  the  full  size,  weighing 
9  ounces. 

Lambs-wool  stockings,  knitted  by  the  hand  at  Ballin- 
dine.  Mayo,  Ireland. 

Specimens  of  hand-knitting,  in  hosiery,  bv  children  at 
Ballindine,  exhibited  for  regularity  and  workmanship. 


4  Hall,  J.  Sparres,  308  Regent  Street — Manufacturer. 
Elastic  stocking-net  boots,  elastic  webbing,   and  im- 
proved elastic  materials  for  boots  and  shoes. 

5  Peart  &  Dossetor,  12  and  13  Poultry — Inventors. 
Four-threads  cotton  glove  half-hose.     Patent  Angola 

mnd  silk  glove  half-hose. 

Ladies'  four-thread  glove  hose.  Black  and  white  silk 
glove  hose. 

Cotton  and  woollen  drawers,  with  elastic  ribbed  cotton 
gussets. 

Railroad  caps  and  protectors.  Improved  nightcaps. 
Silk  shirt  fleeced,  for  rhemnatism.  Fine  real  Welsh 
flannel.  Silk  and  Segovia  half -hose.  Improved  worsted 
braces,  with  broad  shoulder-plates. 

6  Pope  &  Plaste,  4  Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  hosiery.  Beaver  fur  stockings,  and  scarf, 
made  on  the  hosiery  frame. 

Registered  elastic  netted  corsets,  of  silk  and  caoutchouc. 
Elastic  netted  belt,  stockings,  socks,  leggings,  and  knee- 
caps.    Cotton  and  silk  stockings,  and  other  apparel. 

7  Nevill,  J.  B.  &  W.  &  Co.,  1 1  Oresham  Street  West— 

Manufacturers. 

Men's  cotton  half-hose;  striped  various,  made  prin- 
cipally for  export;  striped  red  and  blue,  superior  colour 
and  manufacture  ;  and  made  colours. 

Women's  white  linen  thread  hose,  and  men's  linen 
thread  half-hose,  made  from  Irish  flax. 

Gentlemen's  imitation  silk  thread  half-hose  and  caps, 
solid  colours;  and  cotton  half- hose,  pink. 

Ladies'  imitation  silk  thread  hose,  fine,  very  fine,  and 
coloured;  the  same,  open-worked  very  fine,  and  cotton 
improved  pattern. 

Gentlemen's  open-worked  caps  for  warm  climates  and 
summer  wear. 

Ladies'  white  cotton  hose  adapted  for  Spain  and  South 
ofEuro|>e;  white  hose  manufactured  from  Colonial  cot- 
ton, of  improved  elasticity ;  and  patent  black  cotton 
hose,  colour  fast  and  clean. 

Men's  white  cotton  pantaloon  drawers  with  improved 
broad  linen  waistbands. 

Ladies'  white  cotton  chemises  manufactured  with  im- 
proved sleeves  and  shoulder  portion  in  a  superior  manner 
throughout. 

Gentlemen's  atout  merino  wool  pantaloon  drawers,  with 
supporting  elastic  knee. 

Ladies'  extra  fine  Australian  wool  waistcoats,  with  long 
sleeves,  &c.,  improved  in  softness  and  preparation,  pink 
and  scarlet. 

Ladies'  cotton  waistcoats,  improved  shapes,  light  and 
durable. 


Gentlemen's  mixed  silk  and  Australian  wool  n^der 
waistcoats,  improved  shapes,  liffht  and  warm. 

Ladies'  extra  fine  merino  wool  hose,  improved  slasticitT, 
warm  and  free  from  shrinking;  and  gentleman's  half- 
hose  of  the  same  wool. 

Gentlemen's  cotton  hose  with  mixed  silk  and  wo<d 
ankles. 

Ladies'  fine  mixed  silk  and  wool  hose,  superior  frame 
work. 

Ladies'  superfine  bleached  and  unbleached  cotton  waist- 
coats, improved  shapes  and  manufacture :  these  are  shaped 
in  the  frame  to  any  size  and  figure. 

Men's  stout  and  fine  unbleached  cotton  pantaloon 
drawers,  new  ribbed  waistbands,  and  doulue  frame- 
worked  substance. 

Ladies'  extra  fine  Australian  wool  and  fine  Cashmere 
wool  under  waistcoats. 

Gentlemen's  fine  Cashmere  wool  under  waistcoats,  im- 
proved in  softness. 

Men's  stout  worsted  and  extra  fine  worsted  under 
waistcoats. 

Men's  striped  shirts  or  Guernseys  for  eiport  or  sea- 
men's use. 

Men's  white  cotton  half-hose,  and  l»own  cotton  half- 
hose,  various  qualities.    Ladies'  cotton  hose,  rose  ooloar. 

8        Gregory,  Cueitt,  &  Co.,  15  Aldermanbttnf — 
Importers  and  Manu&cturers. 

Straw,  from  the  wheat  rick;  cut^into  lengths  and 
sorted  into  sizes;  washed  and  bleached,  for  cutting  into 
splints;  and  cut  into  splints,  for  plaiting. 

Plait,  made  fr^m  the  whole  pipe-straw,  called  wbole 
straw-plait;  made  from  the  straw  cut  into  spUnts,  called 
split  straw-plait;  and  made  from  the  sfuints  united, 
called  patent  straw-plait. 

Bonnet,  made  from  the  whole  pipe-straw,  called  "whole 
straw"  bonnet;  made  from  the  split  straw-plait,  called 
"split-straw"  bonnet;  and  made  from  the  plait> 
the  splints  united,  called  a  "patent  straw"  bonnet. 

Specimens   of  different  kinds  of  straw-plaiting, 
cord,  whole  straw,  cord  patent,  China  pearl,  &c. 

Plait,  made  from  the  splints,  with  the  straw  xerened, 
called  "rice  patent  plait. 

Various  kinds  of  rice  plait. 

Bonnet  made  from  rice  patent  plait. 

Tuscan  grass,  as  imported;  as  cut  into  lengths,  and 
sorted  into  sizes;  and  as  washed  and  bleached,  and  pre- 
pared for  plaiting. 

Plait  made  from  the  stem  of  the  Tuscan  grass,  called 
"  dark  Tuscan  plait; "  and  made  frt>m  the  upper  part  of 
the  grass,  called  "light  Tuscan  plait." 

Bonnet  made  from  the  dark  Tuscan  plait. 

Hat  made  fr^m  the  light  Tuscan  plait. 

Specimens  of  the  various  kinds  of  Tuscan  plait. 

Block  of  wood,  as  cut  from  the  poplar  tree ;  aa  cot 
into  splints  for  plaiting;  the  splints  washed  and  bleached 
for  plaiting. 

Specimens  of  various  kinds  of  plaiting;  from  the  splints 
called  "  British  chip  plait." 

Bonnet  made  frx>m  a  piece  of  the  same,  called  "Britisli 
chip  bonnet." 

Block  of  wood  from  the  willow  tree ;  as  cut  into 
splints,  for  weaving  into  square  sheets;  the  splints  washed 
and  bleached,  prepared  for  weaving. 

Specimens  of  willow  square  she^,  from  the  loom. 

The  willow  shape,  for  the  foundation  of  silk  bonnets. 

White  willow  bonnet;  coloured  willow  bonnet^  made 
from  the  sheets. 

Straw  splints,  for  weaving  into  trimmings. 

Specimens  of  straw  trimmings ;  the  loom  in  which  thej 
are  made. 

Bonnet,  made  from  the  straw  trimming. 

Horse-hair  in  its  rough  state;  and  washed  and  bleached 
for  wea>'ing  into  trimmings. 

Specimens  of  horse-hair  trimming.  Bonnet  made  fixm 
it. 

Flag-grass,  as  imported  from  Cuba ;  and  as  washed, 
bleached  and  cut,  prepared  for  plsitiDg;  hats^  from  the 
same,  called  "  Braslian  hats." 


Kdtgdoh.] 


IMMEDIATE,  PERSONAL,  OR  DOMESTIC  USE. 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


577 


[PUit-ttnw  18  the  straw  of  the  wheat  plant,  selected 
mpockHj  from  crops  grown  on  dry  chalky  lands,  such  as 
those  about  Dunstable.  The  middle  part  of  the  straw 
aboT€  the  last  joint  is  selected ;  it  is  cut  into  lengths  of  eight 
or  ten  indies,  and  these  are  then  split.  The  Leghorn  or 
Tuacan  plait  is  the  straw  of  a  variety  of  bearded  wheat, 
grown  expressly  on  poor  sandy  soils,  pulled  when  green, 
and  then  bleached.  Other  kinds  of  the  grass  tribe, 
besides  wheat,  furnish  straws  available  for  plait-work. — 
K.F.]  

9      PUCB  &  Habvet,  6  Pilgrim  SttrH,  Ludgaie  Hill,  and 
Tott€nham — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

The  white  bonnet,  patented  by  the  exhibitor,  which 
win  dean,  and  alter  to  any  shape,  and  look  equal  to  new. 

The  registered  carriage  bonnet,  composed  of  crape 
lisae,  with  tofts  of  silk,  worked  by  the  needle,  in  all 
coloun. 

The  drev  opera  bonnet,  composed  of  gauze  and  ribbon 
of  peculiar  make. 

fionnet  composed  of  ribbon  and  aroephane,  for  the 
ctningp  or  pfomenade. 


10     VtMLD,  Jas.,  &  Sons,  114  Fore  street,  Cripplegate, 
aid  Harpenden,  Herts — Manufacturers. 

Improved  Dunstable  bonnet;  twisted  edge  whole  pipe 
Dunstable;  split  straw  bonnet;  double  split  straw,  called 
a  patent  Dunstable;  rice  straw  bonnet,  plaited  with  the 
roqgli  side  out;  satin  straw  bonnet  with  rock  edge;  fancy 
crochet  and  black  and  white  fancy  mixed  bonnet;  black 
and  white  satin  and  fancy  rock  mixed  bonnet. 

Straw  bonnets  in  new  designs  and  combination  of 
materials.  Specimen  of  wheat  straw  from  which  pipes 
are  drawn  for  plaiting;  and  of  the  inner  pipe  drawn  from 
the  wheat  straw. 

for  splitting  straws  of  various  degrees  of  fine- 


Unbleached  straw  plaiting;  the  same,  clipped  and 
bleached;  block  of  wood  of  the  poplar-tree;  bleached 
i^hanngs  of  the  same  for  plaiting. 

Black  and  white  satin  and  crimped  Bplit  straw  Chiuese 
hat. 

Black  and  white  crochet  and  split  straw  "  Due  d'Au- 
male"  hat. 

Green  and  white  ladies'  crimiMHl  hatfl. 

[The  straw-plait  manufacture  has  had  itA  local  esta- 
blishment in  England  about  eighty  yearn,  and  Is  now 
cjtrried  on  principally  in  Be<lfor(l«hire,  Hei-ts,  Jind  Buck- 
inghamAhire:  at  Dunstable  this  manufacture  him  long 
l»«rcn  aucceasfully  pro9ecute<l,  and  employH  large  numbers 
of  individualM.  The  name  of  this  town  ha«  been  con- 
ntx'ted  with  that  of- its  procluctions,  and  used  to  charac- 
teri«e  certain  descriptions  of  stniw-plait.  "W^iole  Dun- 
•ta)jli»,"  signifies  that  the  plait  i.-'  formed  of  seven  entire 
-«truw«,  and  "patent  DuriMtable,"  that  it  conniHtH  of 
f'urt«5en  split  straws.  This  hwt  manufacture  haa  been 
introduced  about  ludf  a  century.  The  splitting  of  the 
straw  i»  effected  by  the  machine  exhibited. — K.  E.] 


1 1       Vtbe  8c  Sons,  16  Wood  Strctt — Manufacturers. 

Lndifa*'  bonnets  of  finest  quality,  produced  from  wheat- 
iPtraw,  plaited  and  made  up  by  the  hand. 

Split;  fancy,  AllK>ni  edge;  jwitent  rice,  fancy  split,  em- 
broid^rwl  TuMan  e<lge. 

Ladies'  bonnets  of  fjuicv  horse-hair  and  straw:  black — 
b*^r»«?-hAir,  blonde,  and  straw ;  white — hr»r»e-hair,  blonde, 
axid  «traw;  bhie— horse-hair  and  blonde;  white — horse- 
hair and  blonde;  ^offere<l —horse-hair  and  straw-phut. 
Th«»  material  made  bv  the  loom,  and  sewn  into  boimetd 
It  the  hand. 

I>»trhom  l>onnet«  made  of  material  produced  in  Italy. 

All  of  Britiikh  manufacture. 


12       Welch  A  Sons,  44  Quiter  Lane,  Cheapside — 
Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

1.  Staple  article,  wheat  straw. 

2.  Straw  pipes  as  prepared  for  plaiters'  use. 

3.  Straw  splitters  and  splittings. 

4.  Specimens  of  straw  plaits. 

5.  Gloffered  split  straw  bonnet. 

6.  Fine  patent  bonnet  in  fancy  design. 

7.  The  original  split  straw  bonnet,  consisting  of  140 
^ards  of  plait,  which  required  292,320  operations  in  plait- 
mg  during  seven  weeks,  and  took  ten  days  in  sewing. 

8.  SpUt  straw  bonnet  with  goffered  design. 

9.  British  Italian  split  straw  bonnet. 

10.  Fine  patent  fancy  bonnet. 

11.  Mourning  fancy  straw  bonnet. 

12.  Fancy  straw  exhibition  edge. 

13.  Child's  rice  patent  bonnet. 
14 — 17.  New  lace  fancy  bonnets. 

18 — 23.  Crinoline  and  lace  fancy  bonnets. 
24,  25.  Crinoline  fancy  bonnets. 

26.  Leghorn  and  lace  fancy  bonnet. 

27.  Tuscan  and  lace  bonnet. 
28—30.  Girls'  fancy  hats. 

31.  Qirl's  gipsy  bonnet. 

32,  33.  Boys*  straw  hats. 
34.  Infant's  rice  straw  hat. 


13  Allan,  James,  158  Cheapside — Manufacturer  and 

Designer. 

Split  straw  bonnet ;  design  formed  by  hand.  White 
Italian  chip ;  prepared  and  manufacturad  in  England, 
Hair  and  chenille — English.  Goffered  crinoline  and  straw; 
English.  Crinoline  and  cordonnet ;  design  formed  by 
hand. 

Bedford  straw.  Goffered  straw.  Rice  straw.  Dun- 
stable straw.  Choice  specimen  of  whole  straw,  plaited 
by  an  old  woman  80  years  of  age. 

Embroidered  crape  bonnet.  Boy's  rice  straw  hat. 
Young  lady's  hat.  Tuscan  hat,  with  painted  satin 
trimming. 

14  Spurden,  W00LI.EY,  SAND>m«,  &  Co.,  42  Friday 

M/tv/ — Mjmufacturers. 

Bonnet,  exhibited  ft>r  colour,  dcsij^n,  and  execution. 

Bonnet,  ma<le  of  English  split-straw  i)lait,  exhibited 
for  manufacture  and  workman.ship.  Made  by  hand 
labour;  itoccui)ied  48  hours  in  making;  antl,  though  con- 
taining 1)1  >  yards  of  plait,  is  very  light. 

Bonnet,  made  of  English  plait,  showing  the  inner  side 
of  the  straw. 


15  W00DUOUSE&  LrcKSiAN,  33  W(^»il  Street,  Cheapside — 
Designei-s  and  Manufacturers. 

Bonnets,  manufaictured  from  the  Enj^lish  willow-tree, 
exhibited  on  account  of  their  lightness  and  moderate  cost. 

The  crystid  bonnet. 


IG    WiNGRAVE  Si,  Sons,  02  U'.xh/  Street,  and  at  St.  Albans 

-  Manufacturers. 
Variety  of  bonnc^ts  and  hats. 
Whole  stmw  bonnet. 
Split  straw  hat  double  and  single. 
Inverted  straw  hat,  commonly  called  rice. 
White  and  coloured  willow  hiits. 
Stmw  and  willow  hat^,  mixed. 
White  willow  and  palmetto  leaf  hats. 
Palmetto  laif  and  stmw  hat,  mixed. 
Double  sf>lit  stmw  hat. 
Tuscan  stmw  hat. 
Palmetto  leaf  matting, 
Palmetto  k»iif  and  stmw  ha«>«ock. 
Palmetto  Iciif  ladies'  work-lxisket. 

[.\  variety  of  different  materials  have  l>ecn  cmploye<l 
at  different  times  for  the  manufacture  of  bonnets  luid  liat<). 
Wheat  stmw,  grown  in  different  localitit«,  j^osse-'ses, 
different  char.vctt^ristic  qualities,  which  re'uder  it  ailapt^'d 
for  the  finer  or  for  the  coarser  descriptions  of  straw-plait 

•J  Y  J 


678 


Class  20.— ARTICLES  OP  CLOTHING,  FOR 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


[Uhitid 


manufactures.  The  inversion  of  the  straw  g^ves  to 
the  plait  a  peculiar  appearance,  which  has  commonly 
led  to  the  opinion  that  a  different  material  has  been 
employed.  The  palmetto  leaf,  and  the  willow  hats  and 
bonnets,  exhibit  some  recent  applications  of  new  materials 
for  this  purpose. — R.  E.] 

16a     Long,  Qeorqe,  LoudwcUer,  Wycomb,  Bucks — 
Inventor,  Designer,  and  Manufacturer. 
Hats  and  bonnets  made  upon  a  lace-pillow— -1.  Straw 
plait   and    silk.       2.    Horse-hair.       3.   Manilla    hemp. 
4.  Twisted  grass.     5.  Straw  and  silk.     Designs  registered 
by  the  exhibitor. 

17  HoMAN  &  Co.,  39  &  40  ChiawcU  Street,  Itnshury— 

Manufacturers. 
Printed  regatta  and  other  shirts;  flannel  vests;  braces; 
purses;  riding  belts;  garters,  &o. 

18  PniLLPOTrs,  Mart  Anne,  37  North  AwUcy  Street 

— ^Proprietor. 
Figure  of  a  lady  in  full  court  dress,  in  the  reign  of  Her 
Majesty  Queen  Victoria,  1851. 

19  Paterson,  J.,  Wood  Street,  Cheapside — Manufacturer. 

Fancy  cravats.     Black  satin  stocks.     Improved  braces, 
belts,  collars.    Shirt  front,  plaited  in  the  loom. 

20  NevilLj  Alfrx3>,  &  Co.,  121  Wood  Street,  Cheapside 

— Producers. 
A  piece  of  Irish  linen  made  from  the  finest  flax.    A 
shirt,  shirt-front,  and  collars,  made  from  the  above  piece 
of  linen.    Richly  embroidered  neck-tie. 

21  Capper  &  Waters,  26  Regent  Street,  St.  Jameses — 

Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Twelve  shirts,  all  differing  in  form,  including  registered 
inventions,  and  of  varied  substances,  in  linen,  cotton, 
wool,  and  silk,  viz.  corazza,  giubba,  frock,  himting,  Cana- 
dian ;  tourist  sottanello ;  opera,  embroidered ;  court,  new 
form  of  frill;  fatigue,  elastique  transpirante;  Carlisle 
jacket;  sottanello,  single  and  double  breast.  Dressing 
C^wn,  with  trousers  &  la  Turque.  Detached  shirt-fronts 
and  collars,  various. 

22  Ablbtt  &  Wheeler,  234  Regent  Street,  and 

23  Poultry — Manufacturers. 
Shirt  of  peculiar  construction,  without  buttons. 
Child^B  jacket,  pair  of  gaiters,  and  pair  of  gloves,  exhi- 
biting specimens  of  English  embroidery. 

23  Reid,  W.,  51  Conduit  Street,  Hanover  Square— 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
The  registered  "sans-pli'*  shirt. 

24  Brie,  Joseph,  &  Co.,  189  Regent  Street — 

Producers  and  Designers, 
^lirt  fronts,  including  the  newest  patterns,  in  runnings, 
stitchings,  veinings,  and  embroidery. 
Shirts  of  an  improved  cut. 
Embroidered  handkerchiefs  and  flannel  waistcoats. 


25  Marshall,  William,  80  licgent  Street — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Registered    improved    shaped    shirt,   cut  to  fit   the 
shoulders,  &c.       

26  Powell,  S.,  52  Regent  Street — Inventor  and 

Patentee. 
Bisunique,  or  reversible  garments,  coats,  vests,  trou- 
sers,  paletots,   &c.     The  royal  bisunique  jacket,   con- 
structed of  cloth  which  has  two  distinct  faces  of  contrast- 
ing colours,  in  one  fabric. 


27      Barnes,  Thos.  &  Qbo.,  9  New  Court,  Qosvxll  Street — 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Registered  buckskin  braces,  of  new  and  old  designs; 
ejdiibited  as  specimens  of  execution;  the  improvement 


consists,   partly,   in  the  attachment  of  the  valcamzed 
India-rubber  spring  by  adhesion. 
Flexible  razor  strops. 

28  Hemmino,  Edward,  6  Piccadilly— Deofpaor. 

A  model  shirt,  intended,  by  its  peculiar  shape,  to  adjost 
itself  to  the  body  and  neck.  Made  of  fine  Mftn#%iio«^<»»» 
long  cloth  and  Irish  linen. 

29  Smith,  John  E*,  3  Lawrence  Lane — ^Manafiustorer. 
Shirt,  formed  without  the  aid  of  seams  or  gathers. 
Specimen  of  Moravian  needlework,   illustratiiiig  the 

growth  of  flax;  with  the  rose^  shamrock,  and  thistle. 

30  Porter,  Thomas,  94  Strand— ISMmhctxaer, 
Specimen  of  a  shirt  cut  on  mathematical  prindplea. 

31  Wagner,  Louisa  &  Marian,  ^DoddingUm  Orooe — 

Designers  and  Manufacturera. 

Plume  of  registered  feathers  and  rosettes,  in  ooloured 
moludr  silk.  Hand-netted  silk  handkerchief  head-drcieses; 
the  same  in  floss  silk,  with  lappets. 

Fancy  bracelets,  of  various  designs,  produced  hr  hand 
from  common  braid.  Fancy  silk  (all  hand-netted)  dresa 
caps.  Hand-netted  Florence-pattern  berthe,  and  dresa 
sleeves  made  of  plain  silk  twist  and  fancy  floes  silk.  Neck- 
tie of  same  material,  en  suite.  Dress,  opera,  and  ball  capay 
assorted,  of  gold,  silver,  and  chenille.  F-^igl^^i  moliair 
crochetted  morning,  smoking,  or  reading  caps. 

32  Atloff,  John  Qboroe,  69  New  Bond  Street — 

Inventor. 
Ladies*  shoes  of  various  materials. 
Silk  slippers,  embroidered  in  gold^  with  the  Queen's 
arms. 
Ladies*  silk  boots.    Ladies*  half  boots. 


32a  Caplin,  R.  a.,  58  Bemers  Street,  Oxford  Street,  and 
55   Princes   Street,    Manchester — ^Manofiwiiirer, 
Designer,  and  Inventor. 
Patent  improved  self-adjusting  corsets  and  child's  bod- 
dice,  ladies*  belts,  &c.,  constructed  in  accordance  with 
our  present  knowledge  of  anatomy  and  physiology,  and 
calcinated  to  promote  the  health  and  comfort  of  the 
wearers. 


33  Weatherhead,  Henrt,  27  Panton  Street, 

JIaymarket — Manufiicturer. 
Silk  and  India-rubber  braces.    Qros-de-Ni^leebeli,  with 
silk  and  India-rubber  springs. 

34  Nicoll,  Benjamin,  42  Regent  OrcHt,  and 

46  Lombard  Street — ^Manu&ctorer. 
Shirt  of  a  new  material,  in  silk.  Shirt  of  Irish  linen. 
Hunting  shirt.       

35  Christts,  35  Gracechurch  Street,  London,  and  Stock- 

port, near  Manchester — Hat  Manufacturmm  and 
Hatters'  Furriers. 

Specimens,  illustrating  the  manufacture  of  hats,  con- 
sisting of  materials  in  the  raw  state,  prepared  for  use,  and 
in  the  different  stages  of  manufacture,  up  to  the  finished 
state. 

Beaver. — Beaver  skin,  dark  colour;  the  same  with  the 
coarse  hair  taken  off.  Beaver  skins,  silvery  colour;  the 
same  with  the  coarse  hair  taken  off  one  side,  wiUi  the  tar 
partly  cut  off  by  the  cutting  machine.  Musquash  skin; 
the  same  with  coarse  hair  taken  off.  The  preceding  are 
the  produce  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  territoriea. 

Newtria  skin,  as  imported  from  Buenos  Ayres;  the  saoae 
with  the  coarse  hair  taken  off.  Vicuna  skin  firom  the 
Andes,  as  imported  from  Lima.  Rabbit  skins — home. 
Hare  skins— home  and  Turkish. 

Machine  for  cutting  the  fur  off  the  skin,  by  r»«inc  it 
stretched  through  rollers  over  a  sharp  blaaOy  against 
which  it  is  struck  by  the  fall  of  an  iron  beam  worked  bj 
a  crank,  and  so  adjusted  as  to  cut  off  the  fur  without  cut- 
ting through  the  felt. 


KnroDOM.] 


IMMEDIATE,  PERSONAL,  OR  DOMESTIC  USE. 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


579  "^ 


vpocu 
The  ^ 


MAterialB  as  prepared  for  use. — Beaver  furs  as  cut  from 
the  skin,  and  as  prepared  for  use,  the  coarse  hairs  being 
taken  oat  by  machinery.  The  coarse  hairs  as  taken  out. 
Newtria,  musquash,  hare,  and  rabbit  furs,  natural  and 
prepared  for  use. 

Wools — English,  Spanish,  Saxony,  Australian,  and 
Victma  wools  ;  the  same  washed  and  carded. 

The  manufacture  of  felt  hats  is  illustrated  in  the 
following  specimens : — The  fur  for  the  body  of  a  hat 
before  felting  as  first  formed  by  the  workman  with  the 
TibratioD  of  a  bowstring;  in  the  first  stage  of  felting;  and 
eompletely  felted.  The  hat  body  stiffened  with  waterproof 
oompoattion  prepared  from  materials.  The  beaver  fur  as 
prepared  for  putting  on  the  body  to  form  the  nap,  and 
mixed  with  cotton  to  prevent  the  outside  covering  of  the 
beaver  from  felting  together  instead  of  adhering  to  the 
body;  the  nme,  in  the  first  stage  of  sticking.  The  hat 
after  the  nap  is  felted  on,  by  rollmg  in  boiling  water,  and 
■bowing  the  yegetable  substance  (the  cotton),  separating 
from  the  animal  substance  (the  beaver),  which  has  ad- 
hered to  the  body.  The  hat  in  the  cone  completely  nap- 
ped and  cleared  m>m  the  cotton  by  a  process  of  combing. 
The  hat  ondyed  after  shearing  bv  machinery  and  blocking 
into  form.  The  hat  dyed  with  materials.  The  hat  in 
completed  state,  after  being  blocked  by  steam,  finished, 
trinunedy  and  shaped  for  wear.  Specimens  of  hats  of 
fehed  for  in  the  various  materials,  forms,  and  colours,  as 
made  for  home  and  foreign  trade. 

Tbe  manufacture  of  silk  hats  is  shown  in  the  following 
amens : — The  silk  in  the  raw  as  imported,  and  as  dyed. 
velvet  plush  as  woven,  and  as  fimshed  for  use.  The 
foondation  or  body  of  the  hat,  showing  the  arrangements 
at  the  top  for  ventilation,  and  at  the  brim,  to  prevent  the 
moisture  from  the  head  passing  through  to  the  silk  on 
the  ontflide.    The  hat  in  the  completed  state. 

Hata  of  old  manufacture ;  illustrating  the  change  of 
ihi4>e  and  improvements  in  make,  during  the  past  sixty 
Tears,  arranged  in  decennial  periods.  The  cocked  hat 
Dcara  the  stamp  of  the  government  (internal)  duty  of 
.3«.  6dL  then  levied  on  hats  of  home  manufacture  above 
the  value  of  18«. 

TooIb  UMcd  in  the  manufivcture  of  hats. 

[The  manufacture  of  silk  hat«  haw  att^iined  a  condition 
«»f  vast  Lmi>ortance.  The  material  employed  to  imitate 
the  fur  ifl  a  silk  pliwh,  manufjictiired  to  a  large  extent  in 
Kngland  for  the  express  purpose.  It  is  estimated  that 
ab*'Ut  250,000  dozen  silk  hats  arc  made  in  London,  Man- 
chester, Liverpool,  Birmingham,  and  Glasj^ow.  The 
annual  value  of  silk  hats  produced  in  England  is  csti- 
ELuited  at  about  000, OUO/.] 

3»»         FoBD,  Richard,  IS'tStntmi — Manufacturer. 

Shirt,  exliibited  for  plain  needlework,  and  improved 
form. 

.'i7        Glenn  T,  Ciiarles,  3,3  Lon^Mrd  Street,  City — 

iVoprietor. 
O'tton  hosiery.  I^orlies'  stockings,  fine,  four  threads, 
p\x  threads  heels  and  feet,  weighing  only  seven  ounces. 
Moiium  quality,  stout,  seven  tlireads,  nine  thread  heels 
and  feet.  Gentlemen's  fine  half  hose.  Maimfjictured  at 
BAJbriggan,  in  Ireland,  where  the  cotton  undori^'oesa  pre- 
[*4iution  which  imparts  to  it  softness  and  elasticity. 

3b     SaXDLAND  &  Crank,  .'>:»  Qumtnmt,  licjait  Strct — 

Inventors  and  Makers. 
Belt  drawers,  exhibited  on  asUituette.     Shirt  exhibited 
on  the  same  statuette. 


3«J     BraDKHAW,  G.,  ion  /!i.Jofj>S'i.itr  Street  Wiffiiii,  and 
•J.'i  Ukfh  Street,  hlitujton — Inventor  and  Patentee. 

Patent  fastening,  as  applie<l  to  gentlemen's  eollai-s  of 
\Arious  shapes;  a  simple,  yet  sjH'edy  mode  of  f;i.Htening, 
»iip»T>*?ding  string,  loops,  an<l  other  ohjeetionahle  coii- 
tnvaiior*. 

The  iVii!iie  applifd  to  gentlemen':*  fionU  and  j<tock.-<,  or 
oaoo-rounJ  cravatd. 


Gentlemen's  anti-rhoumatic  belt  and  drawers.  This 
fastening  regulates  the  size,  gives  support  to  the  wearer, 
and  is  of  advantage  in  hunting,  riding,  or  rowing. 

Waistcoat  with  the  fastening,  which  keeps  the  garment 
in  an  easy  and  graceful  position.  The  fastening  can  be 
taken  out  while  the  waistcoat  is  being  re-dressed. 


40   JoUBERT,  Caroline,  8  Maddox  Street,  Hanfmer  Square 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Self-adjusting  white  watered  corset,  with  a  spring  busk 
and  improved  lacing. 

Elastic  corset  belt,  for  invalids;  made  of  India-rubber 
tissue,  of  French  manufacture. 


40a  Roberts,  George,  183  Oxford  Street — Manufacturer. 

Gorset  made  in  21  pieces,  all  cut  "  on  the  cross,"  upon 
the  expanding  principle,  with  instant  relieving  backs;  cor- 
set, made  to  fasten  in  the  front  with  patent  spring  clasp, 
and  gauze  elastic  sides;  corset,  of  the  most  simple  con- 
struction, with  patent  spring  backs,  no  lacing  being 
required. 

41    Piper,  Thomas  Foot,  4  liishopsgate  Street  WitJtotU 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Mechanical  spring-corset,  silk  bodice,  simple  bodice, 
and  young  ladies'  scapular  or  contractor. 


42      Martin,  Emma  &  Emz.  H.,  504  Oxford  Street^ 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Elastic  bodice  of  white  satin.  The  elasticity  is  pro- 
duced by  the  introduction  of  vulcanized  India-rubber 
in  the  back  and  sides,  to  render  them  expansive.  Exhi- 
bited on  an  expanding  bust,  to  show  the  utility  of  this 
invention  for  free  respiration. 

Riding  bodice,  of  similar  materials.  The  simplicity  of 
the  fastening,  the  absence  of  whalebone  and  lacing,  and 
the  shape,  distinguish  the  elastic  bodice  from  stays. 

Abdominal  bolt,  peculiar  in  its  softness  and  elasticity. 


43  Stkes,  Marv  E.,  280  ne,fait  Street — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Corset,  weighing  only  five  ounces:  tlie  elastic  portion 
mjule  by  hand;  the  mode  of  fiistening  and  unfastening 
is  new. 

44  Devy,  Eliza,  73  Grosvenor  Street— Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
New  registered  riding  stays.     Nursing  stays.     Dress 
stays,  and  stays  of  the  usual  kind. 


45      Capper,  JonN,&  Son,  G9  Grarechnrch  Street — 
Part  Inventors  and  Makers. 

Registered  folding  ba.Hsinettes  or  cradles,  intended  to 
fi\cilit4ite  the  packing  and  carriiige  of  infimts'  bedding. 

Infant's  basket,  with  its  contents.  Infant's  clothing, 
assorted.  Night-cap  and  dress.  All  trimmed  with  liish 
hice.  

40     Thomas,  W.,  &  Brothers,  128  &  129  Cheapside— 

Manufjicturers. 

Boots  and  shoes  made  without  stitches,  pegs,  nails,  or 
rivets;  with  heel?*  on  an  improved  principle.  Boots  with 
leather  soles;  with  guttii  percha  soles;  imd  with  gutta 
iwrcha  soles  with  leather  edges,  which  prevent  the  gutta 
l)ercha  from  spreading  and  turning  up  at  the  edge^.  Boots 
with  gutt;i  percha  waist  and  leathersole;  boots  with  leather 
wjiist  and  gutta  i)ercha  sole. 

Improved  heels ;  the  same,  attju-hed  to  soles  of  various 
sorts.  Boots  and  shoes,  with  elastic  sides,  nia<le  by  sewing 
pioccM  of  ln<lia-rubber  to  the  \x\y\^Y  leather  and  then  to 

th«'  sole. 

Boots  for  jKirsoiis  with  tender  feet,  or  invalids,  with 
tho  inner  sole  of  si>ongy  India-mbl»er.  Spongy  shoes. 
Ladies'  boots,  with  Fi.-liVr's  ].atont  elix-stic  H].ring  backs, 
i^riiwing-rouin  slipjHMs,  inado  without  Koain. 

Stays,  made  with<jut  sfams,  known  ju  **  Pju-is  woven." 
Silk.    Thread.    Patent  w  uvcu  clastic  corset,  having  elastic 


.80 


Class  20.—ARTICLES  OF  CLOTHING,  FOR 
South  Transept  Galleby. 


[United 


threads  introduced  into  the  fabric.  Webbing  or  tape  for 
Venetian  blinds,  safety  carpet  and  leathern  bags.  All 
patented.  

46a  Shreevb,  Mrs.,  Charing  Cross — ^Inventor. 

Elastic  knitted  corset. 


47       Moore,  — ,  29  Gracechurch  Street — Producer. 
Embroidered  lace  cap. 


48  Johnson  &  Co.,  113  Regent  Street, — Patentees. 

Patent  ventilating  hats.  The  principle  of  ventilating 
these  hats  being  to  admit  the  air  through  a  series  of 
channels  cut  in  thin  cork,  which  is  fastened  to  the  leather 
lining,  and  a  valve  fixed  in  the  top  of  the  crown,  which 
may  be  opened  and  shut  at  pleasure  to  allow  the  per- 
spiration to  escape. 

Patent  valves.  Patent  leather.  Full-dress  court  hats. 
Royal  state  livery  hats.     Ladies'  riding  hats,  &c. 

Field-marshal's,  general's,  and  colonel's  full-dress  regu- 
lation cocked  hats. 

Admiral's,  captain's,  and  lieutenant's  full-dress  roguia- 
tion  cocked  hats. 

[The  general  principles  upon  which  a  hat  is  made,  are 
of  a  most  imperfect  description  as  far  as  relates  to  the 
comfort  and  probably,  in  a  degree,  to  the  health  of  the 
wearer.  It  has  been  conjectured  that  one  among  other 
causes  of  premature  baldness,  is  the  deficient  ventilation, 
and  the  undue  contraction  of  the  rim  of  most  hats.  In 
the  present  instance  an  attempt  to  obviate  these  defects 
is  exhibited.] 

49  Geart,  Nicholas,  61  St.  Jameis  Street — 

Inventor  and  Manu&cturer. 

Improved  and  elastic  corsets,  for  full-dress  and  other 
purposes. 

Elastic  supporting-belts. 

Spinal  supporting-corset,  with  invisible  spring-crutch. 
Invalids*  self-acting  corset,  with  apian  for  instantaneously 
imfastening  the  corset  without  unlacing  (in  case  of  sudden 
indisposition).  Perforated  gossamer  corset,  for  hot 
climates,  &c. 

Hydropathic  belt,  constructed  for  equal  pressure  and 
support  of  the  "umschlag,"  or  compress,  when  worn 
round  the  body. 

50  Dando,  Sons,  &  Co.,  42,  43,  44  Cheapstdc-^ 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  a  new  description  of  patent  light  net- 
work velvet  hats,  in  various  stages  of  manufacture.     The 
foundation,  or  body,  is  made  of  net,  which  allows  free 
ventilation;  it  weighs  one  ounce  and  a  half. 


51      White,  William,  68  Cheapside — Manufacturer. 
Ventilating  velvet-nap  hats,  and  zephyr  hats. 


51a        Felix,  Edward  &  Co.,  10  Cheapside — 

Manufacturers. 
Hats  of  a  peculiar  construction,   designed  to  render 
them  elastic,  waterproof,  and  ventilating. 


52       AsHTON,  Joseph,  &  Sons,  55  Cornwall  Road — 
Manufacturers  and  Inventors. 

Black  and  drabpatent  elastic  beaver  hat  on  beaver  body. 
Beaver  felt  hat,  natural  colour  of  the  wool. 
Black  beaver  felt  hat;  beaver  body. 
Light  elastic  velvet  hat,  on  a  gossamer  body ;  French 
plush. 

Light  elastic  hat,  on  a  stuff  body,  French  plush. 


53         AsHMEAD  &  Tyler,  J.  T.,  7  ^foHnt  StrM, 
Berkeley  Square — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Patent  folding  hat,  without  springs.     Soft  velvet  fold- 
ing hat.     Minerva  hunting  cap. 


54    Melton,  Henrt,  194  Regent  Street — Manufiicturor. 

Gentleman's  hat  of  the  ordinary  size,  made  of  FngliaTi 
plush.     The  weight  does  not  exceed  three  ounoes. 

The  plush  was  produced  fromi  the  manufactory  of 
Stephen  Walters  and  Son,  I^lnsbury. 

Lady's  riding-hat,  made  of  English  plush,  and  of  new 
design.  


55  Smith,  GhDOBOs,  &  Ck>.,  Union  HaU,Umon Stnet^ 

Boroujh — ^Inventors  and  Manu&ctnrers. 
Light  silk  hat.  Silk  hat,  the  body  of  which  is  made 
on  a  new  principle.  Silk  hat  on  soft  felt  body.  Hat  of 
a  new  shape.  Ladies'  riding  hat,  new  shape.  A  goesa- 
mer  body  japanned  by  means  of  a  new  process;  intended 
for  sailors  or  others  exposed  to  hot  or  cold  climates. 

56  Dietrich,  Frederick  Auguste;,  2  Bennett  Street, 

Blackfriars  Road — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Patent  elastic  hat  lining;  invented  to  prevent  prewure, 
to  retain  a  firm  hold,  and  permit  free  ventilation. 

Newly-invented  silk  hat,  the  body  of  which,  being 
composed  of  horsehair,  is  porous  and  elastic,  ventilating 
and  flexible. 

New  military  cocked  hat,  made  from  the  same  material. 

Qentlemen's  court  hat,  and  ladies'  riding  hat,  made 
from  the  same  material. 


57  Barber,  Samcel,  Brentford — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
French  silk  hat,  with  body  of  Manilla  graos,  exhibited 
for  novelty,  durability,  ventilation,  waterproof,  and  other 
qualities. 

58  Stainburn  &,  Baugh,  Gresham  Street — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  felt  materials:  English  rabbit's  fur,  8 
parts;  Saxony  lamb's  wool,  3  parts;  Llama,  or  red  wool, 
Ipart;  weighing  together  l^z. 

The  same,  formed  into  a  hollow  cone  by  a  prooan 
called  boring;  the  mixture  and  coherence  of  the  fibre  thuB 
produced  is  the  first  stage  in  the  felting  process. 

A  felt  body  (being  the  cone  required»}r  a  hat),  worked 
to  the  proper  size  and  texture;  heat,  moisture,  prewure, 
and  friction  being  the  means  bv  which  it  is  perfected. 

A  felt  body,  waterproof,  stiffened  with  resinous  gums 
dissolved  in  spirit. 

A  beaver  cover,  which,  when  worked  into  a  stiifeiied 
body,  is  called  a  hood. 

The  beaver  hood,  ready  for  dyeing. 

A  dyed  or  black  hood,  which,  softened  by  a  jet  of 
steam,  is  drawn  upon  a  block,  and  finished  to  the  pre- 
cise  size  and  style  required. 

Flexile  felt  hats. — Silk  hat,  made  from  English  pluah. 

Felt  body  prepared  for  covering.     Silk  cover. 

Silk  hat  complete,  new  style. 

59  Zox,  Lamen,  84  Long  Acre — Manu&cturer. 
Registered    Korychlamyd,    or    helmet   cap.      Patent 

aquatic  naval  life-cap.  Folding  college  cap.  Racings 
opera,  and  military  caps. 

60  Qrosjean,  Frederick,  109  Regent  Street — Inventor. 
Invention  for  producing  a  red  stripe  on  regimental 

trousers,  without  the  usual  process  of  sewing  one  piece 
of  cloth  on  another. 

Plan  for  securing  money  deposited  in  the  pockets  of 
trousers. 

Method  of  instantaneously  detaching  the  skirt  fix>m 
the  body  of  a  lady's  habit,  by  a  spring  nstening. 

Invention  for  excluding  the  cold  air  from  the  legs 
and  feet  of  travellers. 


61  Garrard,  Robert  &  John,  Loman  Street,  Sovthwark 

— ^Manufacturers. 

Japanned  leather  peaks  for  caps.  Registered  japanned 
felt  hat.  foreman's  japanned  leather  helmet.  Leather 
straps,  cockades,  &c.  Models  of  japanned  felt  hats,  of 
different  shapes. 


Kbgdov.] 


IMMEDIATE,  PERSONAL,  OR  DOMESTIC  USE. 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


581 


62     TliOMPSOH  &  SoK,  11  Conduit  iSfrrrf— Designers 

and  ManufeM^urers. 
Morning  Jackets.  Soirlet  hunting  coat.     Cricket  jacket 
and  tronaerB.    Waistcoats.    Ladies'  polka  braided. — ^All 
of  elastie  webbing,  of  British  manufacture. 


63    Waulbb,  Babb,  &  Co.,  346  5^ranJ— Inventors. 

Registered  waterproof  alpaca  over-coat  and  case;  the 
■ji^frtM  in  back  and  front  of  the  arms  are  dispensed  with: 
it    ifl    li^t  in  weight,  and  can  be    carried   in  a  coat 


64         Coiyr,  John,  6  Mcrshall  Street — Inventor. 

The  "  monomeroskiton,"  or  single-piece  coat;  a  fine 
eoai  of  British  manu£BM^ure,  constructed  from  one 
of  doth. 


64a.      BEAinr,  LoirxB,  65  Wood  Street,  Cheapside— 

Manu^Acturer. 
Fkacj  caps  of  various  sizes. 

65  KlBCH,  Sdcon  a.,  250  Regent  Street— Inventor. 

Resistei«daiito-crematic  gown,  with  elastic  springs  and 
pecvdiia>oonfignimtion  of  Uie  neck,  which  prevent  it  from 
nUing  off  the  shoulders. 

Gaasock  waistcoat,  answering  the  purxxxse  of  a  waistcoat 
and  short  casMck. 

66  Bbauitd,  John,  26  Mount  Street,  Groscenor  Square-^ 

Producer. 
TnTelling  cap,  with  transparent  peak,  to  protect  the 
eras  fromwmd,  dust,  &c.,  without  obstructing  the  vision. 
MaoufiMstoied  by  Messrs.  Christy  and  Co.,  Qracechurch 


67  LToaw,  J.,  12  &  13  Artaiery  Place,  WooUvcichr- 

Producer. 
MDHaiycapa. 

68  Pmcb,  Wiixiam,  115  Chancery  Lane — Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
Flexible  spring  gownfl;  law,  clerical,  and  civic. 

^9  .CCTUCE,  WiLUAM,  25  St.  James* s  Street — Inventor. 

The  "  duplexA,"  or  morning  and  evening  coat;  in- 
trnded  to  aniiwer  the  purpose  of  two  garments  of  opposite 
character.  

70      Bain,  Wiluam,  141  Hijh  Holborn — Inventor. 
Floatable  life-preserving  cape  cloak. 

7  1  SXTTH  A  GlBBS,  Wcllinfjboroiujh,  Northamptonshire,  and 
84  ChetpAuic — Inventors  and  Manufjicturers. 

Cloth  and  leather  gaiters,  with  |)atent  faHtenings,  8cc. 

Patent  Euknemida,  in  cloth  and  leather,  various.  A 
new  mode  of  fastening,  adapted  to  various  articles,  as 
tftAxn,  Udies' dressert,  &c. 

Cambridge  over-coat  waterproof  in  a  new  Rtyle. 

National  cape  and  travelling  wrapper.  liegiHtered  for 
novelty,  shape,  and  reversibility. 

Hat4  new  in  shape  and  material,  called  ''  Noviun 
I*il^imi.** 

Silk  elastic  webbings  and  sandalings;  exhibited  for 
Colour  and  quality. 

Youths'  legginn,  new  cut  and  coloured  material. 

72  Gates,  Lauiia  CHARixnTK,  Upper  L\tt<m  St,,  rimUco — 

Inventor. 
Mj'dcl    of  married    lady's  dress,    with    improvements 
«hich  can  be  applied  to  di-csscs  already  nia«le. 


72a        Fiuxmax,  Thomas  S.,  48  Fcnchurch  Street — 

l*roducer. 
Registerefl  waistcoat,  with  new  safety  pockets,  afford- 
ioir  cmvenionce  and  security  for  notes,  cheques,  memo- 
ran<la,  watch,  &c. 


73  Hurley,  Daniel,  10  Hare  Court,  Aldersgate  Street — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Lady's  safety  pocket,  which  cannot  be  picked  or  cut 
from  the  person  without  the  wearer^s  knowledge. 

Model  of  a  pair  of  trousers,  so  constructed  that  they 
may  be  worn  three  different  ways,  either  as  a  French 
bottom,  or  gaiters  attached,  or  plain  bottom,  with  im- 
provements. 

74  Cahan,  Edward,  371  Strand — Designer. 

The  "  Anaxyridian "  trousers.  The  peculiarity  con- 
sists in  the  cut,  which  is  so  arranged  that  they  remain  as 
a  fixtm>e  to  the  heel  without  straps;  and  dispense  with 
braces. 

75  Shinton,  R.,  29  Spencer  Street,  St.  Oeorg^s  East, 
A  pocket  protector. 


76        Bethel,  Ware,  &  Co.,  62  Aldemianbury — 

Manufacturers. 

Camellia  in  vase,  leaves  of  Luton  plait.  Flower  of  chip, 
imported  from  Italy.     Vase  of  variegated  Luton  plaits. 

Young  lady's  hat,  fancy  Devon  plmt. 

Lady's  ridmg  hat,  patent  Luton  plait. 

Boy^s  hat,  fine  Devon  plait. 

Infant's  hat,  patent  Luton  plait. 

Gentleman's  hat,  broad  Luton  plait. 

liadies'  bonnets,  including  patent  Luton  plait  in 
wreaths;  convolvulus  leaves  of  Luton  plait;  flower  and 
insertion,  Italian  chip.  Beetles'  wings,  coloured  Luton 
plait.  F^mroses,  leaves  Luton  plait,  flowers  Italian  chip. 
Italian  chip  in  wreaths.  Whole  Dunstable  plait.  Flam 
Luton  plait.  Plain-sewn  chip;  material  imported  from 
Italy.    Broad  Luton  plait. 

[The  plait,  technically  called  "Luton  plait,"  is  made  in 
imitation  of  the  "  whole  Dunstable  "  plait.  It  consists 
of  double  seven  straws,  and  is  a  coarser  kind  of  material 
than  the  Dunstable.  Its  application  to  the  manufacture 
of  ornamental  articles  is  illustrated  in  the  articles  ex- 
hibited. It  deserves  notice,  that  of  late  an  increase  in 
the  import  of  unmanufactured  material  (straw,  &c.)  from 
Italy  has  taken  phvce,  and  has  been  accompanied  by  a 
corresponding  decrease  in  that  of  manufactured  articles 
in  plait.  The  plaiting  of  foreign  material  is  carried  on 
to  a  largo  extent  in  this  country.] 


78 


Dent,  Allcroft,  &  Co.,  97  Wood  Street — 
Manufacturers. 


An  assortment  of  ladies'  and  gentlemen's  gloves,  of 
various  materijils,  colours  and  styles.  Ladies*  drab  kid 
gloves,  sewn,  and  fancy  colours,  &c. ;  pointed,  fancy 
Florentine;  and  black  kid,  with  fancy  sewings. 

Gentlemen's  drab  and  coloured  kid  gloves,  Dundee 
sewn ;  black  calf  gloves,  tan  sheep  gloves,  for  driving. 

Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  white,  drab,  and  real  fawn 
gloves. 

Ltulies'  and  gentlemen's  coloured  kid  gloves,  lined 
chamois  and  pink  silk,  and  a  vjunety  of  other  gloves. 


70    Thresher  k  Glens y,  152  Strand — Manufacturers. 

Thresher's  India  gauze  waistcoats.  Silk  and  thread  ho- 
siery. Silk  and  lambs' -wool  hosier}'.  Improved  spun- 
silk'  hosiery.  Specimens  (»f  the  resi)ective  (lualities  of 
silk  li'»Hiery.  CJau/.e  spiui-silk  waistcoats,  exhibited  as 
specimens  of  sp\m  silk  for  underclothing.  Gauze  merino 
waistcoat.?.  Hand-Hi)un  silk  hosier}',  exliibited  as  a  speci- 
men of  hosier}',  nuwle  from  Wiiste  silk. 


80  Ball,  William  Y.,  &('o.,  :;J  Wo'j^I Street,  Cheapside-^ 

Manufacturers. 

Kid  leather  gloves,   cut  and  made  in  England;  manu- 
factured from  French  dressed  kid  skins. 
A  glove  in  its  unfinished  state. 


582 


Class  20.— ABTICLES  OF  CLOTHING,  FOR 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


[Uhitbd 


81       Lart,  John,  &  Son,  116  Wood  Street,  Cheapside, 
atid  Rutland  Street ,  Nottitujham — Inyentors  and 
Manufacturers. 
Ladies*  Lisle  thread  hose,  in  plain  and  open  work,  of 
new  patterns;  manufactured  at  Nottingham.      Ladies* 
silk  jacket,  trimmed,  woven  and  fashioned  in  the  stocking 
frame;  manufactured  at  Nottingham.      Gentlemen's  cot- 
ton and  silk  pantaloon  drawers,  with  elastic  washable 
gussets;  and  various  specimens  of  gentlemen's  cotton  and 
spun  silk  half  hose,  and  children's  socks,  and  gentlemen's 
merino.  Cashmere,  and  spim  silk  vests. 


82    FowNES  Brothers,  41  Cheapside — Manufacturers. 

Ladies'  gloves,  manufactured  from  kid-skins,  produced 
in  Ireland  and  dressed  in  England. 

Gloves,  manufiEu^ured  from  French-dressed  kid-skins. 

Taffety  silk,  union  silk,  velvet,  and  Lisle  thread  gloves; 
beaver,  cashmere,  goat,  and  vicima  wool  gloves. 

Kid-glove  in  its  various  stages  of  manu&cture. 


83       Macdouoall,  Donald,  Inverness,  Scotland — 

Manufacturer. 

Short  pieces  of  loom-wove  tweeds,  adapted  for  deer- 
stalking and  grouse  shooting,  by  their  peculiar  ooloiuv, 
the  natural  hues  of  the  rocks  and  muirs,  the  haimts  of 
deer  and  grouse  ;  also  for  fishing. 

A  piece  of  loom-made  tweed,  fr^m  Shetland  wool,  soft 
and  elastic. 

Fine  loom-made  tartans,  for  dresses,  showing  the  cor- 
rect sets  of  clan  patterns.       Loom-made  plaids. 

Highland  carpets,  called  "  The  Royal "  (new  design), 
made  from  first-class  Sutherland  Cheviot  wool.  Pieces 
of  home-manufactured  tweed,  one  made  at  Tongue,  in 
Sutherland,  dyed  from  heather  and  crotal  (a  lichen),  the 
colours  rare ;  the  other  made  at  Skye. 

Piece  of  home-manufactured  tweed,  made  at  Ord,  in 
Ross-shire,  natural  colours  of  deer- wool,  brown  and  white; 
and  a  piece  made  at  Avoch  in  Ross-shire. 

Pieces  of  home-spun  tartans,  from  Perthshire. 

Plaid  manufactured  at  St.  Kilda,  and  a  small  sample  of 
tweed;  exhibited  as  curiosities,  illustrating  the  industry 
of  the  natives  of  the  most  remote  of  the  British  islands  ; 
the  yam  is  spun  by  the  distaff,  and  woven  in  a  native- 
made  loom. 

Home-made  plaids:  specimens  of  home-knitted  stock- 
ings and  socks,  dyed  from  heather,  soot,  crotal  (a  lichen), 
alder-bark,  &c. 

Home-made  gloves,  some  of  wool,  and  one  pair  of  the 
wool  of  the  white  mountain  hare;  exhibited  because  the 
material  is  unusual. 

Knitted  shawl  made  in  the  island  of  Lewis,  and  another 
from  Sutherland.  A  woman's  shoulder  plaid  manufac- 
tured in  the  year  1768,  showing  the  state  of  industry  in 
Lewis  eighty-three  years  ago.  Towel  made  from  flax, 
grown,  spun,  and  woven  in  that  island. 

Sample  piece  of  linsey-woolsey,  made  of  Cheviot  wool 
and  bog  cotton  (^Kriophorum  vaginatum),  the  latter  now 
first  used  in  manufieurtures. 

Sample  of  tweed  made  of  vicima  wool,  and  imder- 
dresses  of  the  same  material. 

Home-made  plaid  blankets,  from  Ross-shire  and  Suther- 
land. 

Highland  brooches,  made  of  carved  bog-oak,  deer's 
teeth,  and  Cairngorms. 

Highland  ornaments :  a  purse,  horn,  skeindhu,  and 
drinking  cup. 

Small  quantities  of  yam^  showing  the  following  native 
dyes,  from  crotal  (a  uchen),  colours,  drab  and  brown 
heather,  yellow,  and  a  specimen  of  green  ;  cudbear, 
(a  lichen),  colours,  drab  and  brown,  and  a  lighter  shade 
alder-bark  and  water-lily  root  {Nymphea  alba  or  Nuphar 
lutea)  black;  soot,  dark  brown;  rhubarb,  buff. 

Specimens  of  rock  crystal,  or  "  Cairngorm,"  from  the 
mountain  of  that  name  in  Inverness-shire.  Native  dye- 
stuffs;  water-lily  root,  alder-bark,  heather,  cudbear  plant 
(a  lichen),  and  crotal  (a  lichen).  Sample  of  bog-cotton 
(^Eriophorutn  vagmatum). 


[The  white  mountain  hare,  mentioned  by  the  exhibitor, 
is  the  Lepus  variabilis,  a  distinct  species  from  the  common 
hare,  and  an  inhabitant  of  the  mountainous  distrieto  only 
in  Britain,  though  in  Ireland  a  variety  of  it  takes  the  place 
of  the  common  hare.  It  is  identical  with  the  hare  of 
Norway. 

The  cotton-grasses,  or  bog-cotton,  are  species  of  sedge 
of  the  genus  Eriophorum,  The  E,  vaginatum,  single- 
headed  cotton-grass,  and  the  E.  polystachion,  a  many- 
headed  species,  are  the  most  common,  and  are  abundant 
in  all  the  bogs  throughout  the  British  Islands.  There 
are  other  kinds  also,  but  rarer.  Their  spikes  axe  invested 
with  long  cottony  hairs,  beautifully  white.  Many  at- 
tempts have  been  made  to  employ  this  substanoe  in  manu- 
factures, for  which  it  seems  well  adi^yted,  but  (until  that 
now  exhibited)  without  success.  The  material  is  verj 
abimdant,  especially  in  Scotland  and  Ireland. — ^E.  F.] 

84  Holmes,  James,  &  Co.,  171  B^ent  Street-^ 

Inventors  and  ManufactureFs. 

Cashmere  quilted  full-dress  or  opera  cloak,  composed 
of  the  finest  white  wool  worked  into  small  diamond- 
shaped  cells,  with  1,200  gold  pendants  of  various  timoB, 
one  being  placed  at  the  point  of  each  alternate  oell.  Hie 
inside  or  lining  is  of  white  satin,  quilted,  with  emble- 
matical wreath  of  the  United  Kingdom.  In  the  oentre 
is  a  figure  of  Britannia^  quilted,  with  wreath  around. 
The  hood  is  in  keeping  with  the  cloak,  qnilted^  with 
device  in  gold  work. 

Registered  shawl  cloak,  woven  in  one  piece,  with  a 
hood  of  same  material,  designed  and  manuBMstured  by 
the  exhibitors. 

Patterns  of  cameleon  cloth,  a  new  materialy*  with  two 
distinct  coloiu*s. 

Cloak,  made  of  the  cameleon  cloth;  registered  by  the 
exhibitors.  

85  WiQBAX  8c  Co.,  Edinburgh — Manufacturers. 

Tartan  plaids,  or  long  shawls  of  various  Highlaiid  dans, 
combined  and  separate. 

86  Solomon,  Sarah,  52  Fork  Road,  Lambeth — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
A  lady's  English  costume  ball-dress,  embroidered  with 
gold  and  silk.     The  costume  fuhioned,  made  up,  and 
embroidered  by  the  exhibitor  alone. 

87  QwATKiN,  Emilt  &  Eliza,  37  Westrnkuter Bridge  Road 

— Designers. 

Bonnet  made  from  cotton,  worked  into  form  by  crochet^ 
and  brought  into  finished  shiqpe  by  registered  method. 

Bonnet  made  of  satin,  of  new  design  and  woi^manship; 
formed  from  300  separate  pieces. 

88  Oliyer,  B.  S.,  Nottingham — Manufacturer  and 

Importer. 
Varieties  of  pasteboard  boxes  for  oontaininglace,  hosisty, 
gloves,  and  fancy  articles. 

89  Miles,  Simeon,  89  BxmhUl  Ano— Producer. 
Variety  of  Berlin  wool  work. 

90  Saxton,  Alfred,  Ab^<»n^A<im— Manufacturer. 
Ladies'   mitts,   cu£fs,   and   gloves,   embroidered   and 

made  of  silk;  neck-ties  and  suk  shawls,  Jaoquard  pat- 
terns, &c. 

**  Antimacassar*'  toilet  covers  and  tray-covers,  oentred 
pattern,  Jacquard. 

91  Shaw,  John,  Radford,  near  Nottingham — 

Manufiicturer. 

Berlin  wool  vest,  made  from  the  stocking  finame,  with 
the  Jacquanl. 

Piece  for  window  curtains  from  the  stocking  frame,  and 
"antimacassaz''  from  the  stocking  frame  (ootton). 


KoraDOM.] 


IMMEDIATE,  PERSONAL,  OR  DOMESTIC  USE. 
South  Trakbept  Galleby. 


583 


92  Thubkan,  Piooott,  &  Co.,  Driar  Lane,  Nottingham 

— Maniilanturera  and  Inventors. 
Honeiy  gooda,  mannfactured  under  Thurman's  patent, 
fromailk.  

93  Galloway  k  Sons,  Nottingham — ^ManufsicturerB. 
A  Tar&eiy  of  silk  gloyea. 

94  FoBLET,  John,  Nottingham — ^ICanu&cturer. 
Ladies'  and  gentlemen's  merino  vests,  in  wool  and 

mi»ed  m^twials. 

96  HoLUMB,  S.,  Nottingham — ^Manufacturer. 

Laee  goods.    Machine-made  cotton  Brussels  nets  and 
laoM^  figured  by  the  needle.     Various  hosiery  goods. 


97        MvMOW,  R.  &  J.,  Nottingham — ManufSftcturers. 

Silk  gloves.    Lisle  thread,  spun  silk,  plated  silk,  and 
fleecy  bned  gloves. 
Pitait  Brayuut  gloves;  a  neW  material,  fleecy  inside. 
"  gloves. 


98     CABm  &  GXLBEBT,  Nottingham — Proprietors  and 

Manufacturers. 
Cottan,  Novi  silk,  spun  silk,  merino  and  Cashmere  gen* 
timiflii's  and  ladie^  vests. 


99       HuBtT  &  Sons,  Nottingham — Manufkcturers. 

Brown  and  white,  plain,  open-work,  and  embossed 
ootton  hoee  and  half-hose;  cotton  and  spun  silk  drawers 
and 


100  Allbx  ft  SoLLT,  Nottingham  and  London — 

Mimufacturers. 
Bamplwi  of  hosiery;  with  samples  intended  to  show  the 
ptogiesi  of  cotton-spinning  for  the  hosiery  trade  firom  an 
early  period  to  the  present  time.    Specimens  of  cotton, 
lisle  thread,  linen  thread,  spim-silk,  and  merino  hosiery. 

101  MoBLKT,  J.  &  R.,  London  and  Nottingham — 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  white  cotton  stockings  for  ladies. 
White  Lisle  thread  stockings. 
Balbriggan  stockings. 
Bilk  stockings  with  cotton  tops. 
Silk  stockings. 

Silk  stockings,  laco  open  work. 
Balbriggan  stockings,  lace  open  work. 
Children's  spun  silk  Bragauza  gloves,  fleeced. 
Children's  cr>loured  silk  gloves. 
Fancy  coloured  silk  gloves  for  ladies. 
Chiltlren's  white  cotton  stockings 
Children's  brown  cotton  Derby  ribbed  socks. 
Cliiltiren's  white  Lisle  thread  socks. 
Cliiblren's  white  Lisle  thread  socks,  lace  open  work. 
Children's  sUk  socks,  lace  open  work. 
Cotton  half -hose  for  gentlemen. 
Balbriggan  half-hose. 
Balbriggan  half -hose,  Derby-ribbed. 
Cottonnalf-hose,  with  spun  silk  double  feet  (curious). 
Cotton  half -hose,  with  fancy  merino  feet. 
Derby -ribbed  cotton  half- hose,  with  fancy  merino  foot. 
Cotton  half-hose,  with  real  beaver  feet  (fluiKjrior). 
Derby-ribbed  cotton  half-hose,  with  real  beaver  feet 
(•uperior). 

>  ancy  merino  half-hose. 

Fancy  merino  Derby -ribbed  half  hose. 

Spun  silk  shirts  for  gentlemen. 

Silk  shirts. 

S{nm  silk  Braganza  shirts,  fleeced. 


102       Tbebs  &  Co.,  Blackfriars  i^y/iJ— Manufacturers. 

Ladies'  habit  hat  **  Queen's,"  original  design,  composed 
o{  silk  plush  and  finishoil  ^ith  satin,  under  side  trimmed 
with  plush,  Ijand  and  plumes,  on  fine  cotton  body,  veu- 
tiUted,  light  and  elastic. 

Ladks'  halnt  hat  "Princess,"  original  design. 


Ladies'  habit  hat  "  Duchess,"  original  design,  trinmied 
with  a  fine  brush  feather. 

Ladies'  habit  hat  "  Princess,"  novel  colour,  composed 
of  silver-grey  silk  plush,  finished  with  satin  under  side, 
and  trimmed. 

New  design,  gentlemen's  drab  hats  composed  of  fine 
woollen  cover,  on  cotton  body,  very  light  and  elastic, 
and  well  ventilated,  suitable  for  hot  weather  and  climates, 
being  a  **  non-conductor^'  of  heat. 

Gentleman's  hat,  new  design,  composed  of  silk  plush, 
improved  finish,  cloth  underside,  very  light  and  elastic. 
The  same,  with  original  design. 

103  Berni  &  Melleard,  56  Great  Guildford  Street, 

Southtcark,  and  203  Strand — ^Manufiu^urers. 
Military  and  court  hats,  new  styles.    Napless  beavers. 
Ladies'  black  napless  beaver  riding  hats,  exhibited  for 
their  texture,  and  style. 
Silk  plush  hate,  with  elastic  felt  and  other  bodies. 
Folding  opera  hat,  made  of  velvet. 

104  EvELEioH  &  Son,  Manchester — Manufacturers. 
Various  kinds  of  hats,  in  silk,  felt,  and  cork. 

105  SiMMONDS  &  WooBBiAN,  Oldham— MBiiu&uotaren. 

Beaver  hatting  materials,  firom  the  skin  to  the  hat> 
complete. 

Qentleman's  black  beaver,  drab,  and  napless  hats, 
trimmed  complete. 

Black  silk  hats,  and  patent  reflectors. 

Ladies'  white  and  drab  beaver,  napless,  full  trimmed. 

Child's  white  and  drab  beaver,  napless. 

106  Standish,  Anne,  Kidderminster — Lace-worker 

and  Producer. 
Court  dress  of  needle- work. 


107     Hill,  Luke  Marshal^  Whitby — ^Inventor. 

"  Unique  habit,"  cut  out  in  one  piece,  and  having  no 
seam  on  the  top  of  the  shoulder,  the  outside  of  the  arm, 
or  down  the  middle  of  the  back. 


108  Watts,  William,  Banfjiwy — Inventor. 

Complete  coat,  trousers,  and  gsuters,    in   one  piece, 
without  any  scam. 

109  Waush  &  Co.,  Z^m^o/— Producers. 
Embroidered  over-coat. 


110    OouLDiNO,  Johnson,    llcvcrlcy — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Novel  full-dress  coat,  the  body  of  which  is  cut  out  of 
one  piece  of  cloth,  with  two  seams  instead  of  nine. 


110a  Lee,  J. — Producer. 

Quilted  coat,  and  instrument  for  quilting. 


Ill 


Harris  &  Tomkins,  Abiwjdon,  Berks — 
Manufacturers. 

Two  worke<l  frocks  for  agricultural  labourers,  in  white 
duck ;  the  dosigna  by  Thomas  Watnon.  One  worked  by 
Usuiniih  Stimpson,  a  cottager  of  Ratiley,  Berks;  on  the 
sides  are  the  national  emblems,  the  royal  crown,  dovea 
l^iftring  olive  branches,  intorworked  with  mottoes — '*  Vivat 
Regiua,"  and  "Peace  with  all  the  world."  The  collar  and 
shoulder-straps  bear  appropriate  devices;  the  wristbands 
display  the  royal  crown,  enclosed  in  a  scroll,  iuterworked 
with  the  motto,  "  Lon^'  live  our  gi-acious  Queen."  At  the 
end  are  the  Prince  of  Wales's  featliers.  The  bosom  and 
sleeves  are  fancifully  paugetl,  and  disjilay  the  crown,  rose, 
shamrock,  thistle,  sjirip*,  &c. 

Tlie  other  worked  by  Esther  Stimpson,  sister  of  the  pre- 
ce<ling.  The  nide-work  represents  Industr}*,  with  Fiune 
cro\\'mng  her  with  a  wreath;  al>ove  are  a  whcatsheaf, 
flowers,  &c.  The  collars  cout^un  a^iciiltural  iniploinent*, 
encircled   with  mottoes,   "  God  Hj>ood  the  plough,"   and 


584 


Class  20.— ARTICLES  OF  CLOTHING,  FOR 
South  Tbansept  Gallery. 


rUKITED 


' '  Success  to  agriculture."  The  shoulder-straps  show  a  hive 
of  bees,  kc. ;  the  wristbands,  oak  boughs  and  acorns;  the 
bosom  and  sleeves  are  gauged  in  the  same  style. 


112    Caulcheb,  J.  D.,  Anstrathcr  Villa,  Boundary  Boad, 
St.  Johris  Wood — Inventor. 
Life-preserving  elastic  cork  jacket,  capable  of  being 
worn  unobserved  under  a  coat  or  a  mantle ;  and,  in  con- 
sequence of  its  pliability,  can  be  worn  comfortably  whilst 
rowing  a  boat,  &c. — Registered. 


113  DoUDNBY,    E.,  17    Old  Bond  St.,    25  Burlington 

Arcade,  and  49  Lombard  Street — Inventor  and 
Maker. 
The  waterproof  Irish  poplin  registered  cloak.  The 
application  of  the  waterproofing  process  to  Irish  poplin 
protects  it  from  injury  by  wet,  and  renders  it  suitable 
for  ladies'  dresses,  for  yachting,  and  exposure  to  wet  and 
damp.  

114  Lewis  &  Son,  1  Quiet  Street,  and  1  John  Street, 

Bath — Designers . 
Over-coat,,  of  novel  design  and  light  texture. 


115    DiNOLET,  W.  &  S.,  Sherborne,  Dorset — ^Inventors. 

A  new  overcoat,  combining  a  paletot,  trousers,  and 
railway  wrapper,  which  may  be  used  or  not  at  pleasure, 
for  walking,  driving,  or  ridmg;  registered  as  "  Dingley's 
Protector. 


115a   Cross,  C,  &  Co.,  Corporation  Street,  Manchester — 

MsLnufi&cturers. 

Articles  of  clothing  made  by  power-loom. 


116     Fry,  John  Liddon,  H^miton,  Devon — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 

Dress  coat:  the  body  is  cut  in  one  piece,  without  back, 
body,  under-arm  or  lappel  seams.  Round  jacket,  similarly 
cut. 

Registered  measure,  called  by  the  inventor  the  "cardinal 
point  measure  and  rule,"  for  taking  the  dimensions  of  the 
human  figure,  and  adapted  to  every  variety  of  shape. 


117      Gbiftin,  Benjamin,  Hifjh  Street,  Leominster, 

Herefordshire — Inventor. 
Four  arithmetical,  geometrical,  and  self-variable  systems 
of  cutting  in  one  book.  These  systems  contain  a  number 
of  mathematical  figures  or  diagrams,  to  form  certain 
shapes,  for  making  coats,  vests,  trousers,  and  other 
garments. 

lis    McGee,  J.  O.,  &  Co.,  Belfast — Manufacturers. 

Embroidered  vests:  the  designs  are  by  pupils  of  the 
Belfast  Qovemment  School  of  Design;  and  the  em- 
broidery the  work  of  poor  girls  who  hive  been  only  nine 
months  under  the  tuition  of  the  exhibitors. 


119  Smith,  Charlotte,  ^«f/ord— Inventress. 
Patent  symmetrical  corsets,  enabling  the  wearer  to  re- 
gulate the  pressure  of  the  stay  (as  may  be  required)  in  a 
simple  manner. 

Patent  **  soccopedes  elasticus,"  or  elastic  silk  boots, 
manu£BM^ured  by  Mr.  Longdon,  of  Derby.  The  top  part 
is  woven  all  in  one  piece,  and  being  composed  of  an 
extensible  material,  with  elastic  anUe-band,  it  adapts 
itself  to  the  shape  of  the  leg  and  foot,  without  side-springs 
or  lacings,  and  gives  support  to  the  ankle. 

120  Gallaway,  T.,  43  Alhitm  Street,  Leeds— 

Manufacturer. 
Three  woven  corsets. 


121        Oddy,  S.,  Armley,  Leeds — ^Manufacturer. 

Coloiu^  fine  wool  shawls,  with  embroidered  comers, 
and  other  ornaments. 


122  Tinbley,  J.,  &  Co.,  Xtfdcb— Manufiustaran. 
Improved  woven  corsets  for  ladies,  without  a  seam; 

made  of  prepared  cotton  yam,  free  finom  any  dressing 
composition ;  exhibited  for  shape^  workmanship,  and 
utility.  

123  Middlebrook,  T.,  Leeds — MahTifcctgrar. 

Military  officer's  cap  and  cover.  Black  silk  velvet 
smoking  or  carriage  cap. 

124  Haley,  William,  XMcb — Inventor  and 

Manu&cturer. 
Protection  travelling  cap,  peculiarly  adapted  for  cold 

climates.  

125  MoLLADY,  John,  &  Sons,  Wanei^ — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  showing  the  manufacture  of  a  stuff  hat^  firom 
the  raw  material  through  seven  different  stages  to  the 
complete  hat. 

New  design  of  a  lady's  embossed  felt  bonnet,  trimmed* 

Stuff  rustics,  novel  styles ;  sombrero  hats,  varied  oolonis; 
new  designs  in  children's  fancy  hats,  and  coloured  felt 
bonnets. 

Silk  hats,  ventilating,  cork,  and  gossamer  hats,  exhibited 
for  lightness  and  elasticity. 

Light  zephyr  hat,  weight  under  three  ounces.  The 
lightness  is  attained  by  the  introduction  of  a  new  com- 
bination of  material  in  the  body. 

Welsh  lady's  hat;  "  Cardiganshire;"  of  improved 
design. 

[By  the  technical  term  "stuff  hats,''  is  meant  the  best 
description  of  hats  made  in  imitation  of  beaver.  In  these 
hats  the  fur  of  various  ftntmA.1«  is  employed,  and  Is  applied 
to  a  foundation  which  is  rendered  waterproof  by  ihe  a{^- 
oation  of  spirit  vamiriieB.  The  annual  valne  of  stuff  hats 
produced  in  this  country  is  taken  to  be  about  800,000/.] 

126  Carrington,  Samuel  &  Thomas,  Stockport — 

Manufacturers. 

Pearl,  drab,  and  silvery-cloth  and  felt  hats,  raised  napw 

Brown  nutria,  natural  colour,  felt  hat,  made  of  beaver 
and  other  furs. 

Fawn  or  buff,  and  other  kinds  of  felt  hats,  light  and 
elastic. 

Silvery  grey  and  black  hats. 

Brown  felt  fishing  hat;  watei^roof,  soft,  and  flexible* 

Felt  rustics,  of  various  qualities. 

Ladies'  flexible  felt  riding  hats. 

Children's  felt  hats,  natural  colours. 


126a    Pearson,  John,  7  Oorse  Brow,  dfoei^Mfi— 

ManufisMiturer. 
White  beaver  bonnet. 


127  Taylor  &  Co.,  St,  James  Street,  EoekMe-^ 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  silk  plush  for  hats. 

127a  Lees,  A.,  Manchester — ^MannfMstnrer* 

Felt,  velvet,  and  alpaca  hats.    Cloth  c^m, 

128  McRas,  John  Jamiebon,  Newark,  ifo<£»— Designer 

and  Inventor. 

A  triple  stay,  adapted  for  use  in  portions  (ft  male  attire 
whith  require  to  be  made  strong. 

A  waistcoat  which  can  be  lengthened  or  shortened  at 
pleasure,  with  the  triple  stay  attached,  adi^ited  for 
summer  wear. 

Finest  alpaca  summer  coat,  with  the  triple  stay  attached  ; 
with  four  pockets,  weight  6  oz.,  and  can  be  worn  either 
side. 

A  waistcoat  of  improved  form  and  arrangement,  made 
to  supersede  the  use  of  braces  across  the  shoulders.  Tlie 
fabric  was  manufiactured  by  Messrs.  Aaron  PMoe  and 
Co.,  Clayton  West,  near  Huddemfield. 

An  improved  self-sustaining  top  to  drawers^  intaiided  to 
supersede  the  use  of  belts. 


EXSODOM.] 


f 

IMMEDIATE,  PERSONAL,  OR  DOMESTIC  USE. 
South  Transept  Gallkbt. 


585 


128a  Johnston,  J.,  Stirling — Manufikctiirer. 

Hose,  ihowiiig  improvements  at  different  periods. 

129  Patebson,  J.,  Dumfries — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
A  w«b  of  pttfctamsy  a  vest,  several  vest  pieces,  and  half- 
boss.    AH  made  on  the  common  stocking  frame,  and 
exhibited  for  warmth,  durability,  and  design. 

130  RoBEBT,  R.,  Post  Street,  Carnarvon,  Wales — 

Manufacturer. 
linaey  drones,  scarfis,  aprons,  and  petticoat. 

131  DaBUKO,  G.,  35  Oeorge  Street,  Perth — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Gentleman's  hat,  thoroughly  waterproof  and  ventilated; 
tba  mode  of  ventilation  being  quite  novel.     Highland 
bomietB.  

132  GiBSOB,  Capt.,  Perthshire — Producer. 
Sbepherd*!  plaid  of  natural  colour. 

133  Ladio,  John,  Hawick,  Scotland — Manufacturer. 

Fattams  of  hoaienr  and  under-clothing  knitted  upon  the 
gioekiiig-firame,  made  from  Australian  wools. 


134  EUldden,  Aubxaxdeb,  &  Sons,  Aberdeen — 

Manufacturers. 
Knitting  worsteds,  spun  from  British  wools.      Card 
oontaining  1,000  colours,  dyed  on  worsteds  manufactured 
from  Britiah  and  Saxony  wools.    Knitted  worsted  shawl 
and  hoaery.  

135  SXABT,  RiCHABD,  10  Upper  Eaton  Street, 

Orotvem»r  Place — Inventor. 
The   "Subclavian  sector" — so  called  by  its  measures 
besDg  iakao  from  the  armpit ;  an  apparatus  for  obtaining 
more  eorrect  measurement  of  the  hiunan  body. 

135a     Cattanach,  Chables,  Aberdeen — Inventor. 

Apparatus  for  measuring  the  human  figure,  and  for 
transferring  the  measure  to  cloth  so  as  to  produce  an 
exact  fit  of  garment. 


1.3*5      Rot,  Jessie,  Frrnfhill,  Ahrrdeen — Inventor. 

A  landscape,  knitted  in  Berlin  worsteds.     A  pair  of 
■t<:>cking»,  with  Cashmere  pattern. 


l'.\7    Wood,  Janet,  St'meharcn,  Scotland — Manufactui*er, 
Pair  of  fancy  knitted  worsted  gloves. 


1-38      Webb,  Capt.  Theodosics,  R.E.,  Woolirich — 

Producer. 
Specimen  of  knitting  from  the  Shetland  Islea,  showing 
•-i»^)  |»&ttenu  used  by  the  inhabitants.  The  art  of  dyeing 
w^»^l  ij*  ormmdereti  to  have  been  taught  them  by  Sitauiards 
wTtJcked  there,  after  the  dispersion  of  the  "Invincible 
Armada."  

1 39  Whitehead,  William,  8c  Son,  41  Smth  Briilje 
Street,  Kdinh'injh — Manii factu rers . 
Tartan  hoee,  clan  Brearlalbiuie  (or  Campbell),  made  on 
a  X<».  '.VI  gaze-frame;  each  pair  containing  l,30n  diamonds 
(or  »*quareM)  made  from  fine  worsted.  Clan  MacDuff,  con- 
taining r>4<»  diamondM.  Clan  Hoyal  Stuart  silk  tartan, 
BUKle  on  a  No.  42  gaze  3-nec(lle  frame. 


140    Kate,  Fixdlay.  Sc  Co,  L-m-jhAm,  ani  Ghsjo^r — 

Manufivcturen*. 

Cheviot  wool  hose:  six  jMiirs  of  women's  two-thread 
grey,  and  six  pairs  white;  twelve  pairs  children's  white, 
Mini  six  {Kiirs  inen*>*  prey;  twelve  f>air.s  men's  half  hose. 

Six  pairs  women's  hose,  with  ribbed  toi)s.  Saxony 
wool;  tm-elve  pairs  men's  half  hose  pre^y  Shetland  wool; 
tmclre  paint  men's  four-threa<l  brown  half  hose;  twelve 
fji&ir«  men's,  vicima  wool. 

Six  women's  gauze  vestM,  six  children's  gauze  vests, 
and  six  women's  full  dresseH,  all  Cheviot  wool. 


Six  men's  gauze  pantaloons,  and  six  men's  three-thread 
pantaloons,  of  Cheviot  wool.  Three  men^s  four-thread 
Saxony  wool  pantaloons;  six  men's  two-thread,  and  one 
ribbed,  Cheviot  wool,  pantaloons. 

Six  men's  vests,  of  Cheviot  wool,  with  long  sleeves, 
double-breasted,  and  shaped  shoulder;  six  of  the  same, 
single-breasted.  Six  pairs  of  No.  two  and  three-thread 
white  worsted  knit  hose. 


141    Scott,  Peter,  9  South  Bridge,  Edinburgh — ^Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
The  V-breasted  and  swivel-collared  shirt. 


142  Maoleszie,  William  Bailue,  126  Princes  Street, 

Edinburgh — Proprietor. 

Articles  knitted  b^  the  hand  in  the  Shetland  Islands, 
from  the  wool  of  then*  sheep. 

Shawls;  handkerchief;  child's  frock;  veils  of  the 
natural -coloured  wool;  white  and  coloured  gloves;  ladies' 
white  and  coloured  mitts ;  ladies'  brown  and  white  stock- 
ings, very  fine  wool;  an  extremely  fine  pair  of  stockings; 
natural -coloured  socks;  white  knee-caps;  brown  leggings, 
natural  colour;  sleeves;  ladies'  caps;  nightcaps;  wigs; 
comforters,  and  shirt. 

Specimen  of  Shetland  yam,  handspun;  and  of  the 
Shetland  wool,  as  it  is  taken  from  the  sheep. 

Articles  that  are  knitted  in  Fair  Isle,  one  of  the  Shet- 
land Islands. — Fair  Isle  socks,  gloves,  vest  piece,  com- 
forter, and  cap. 

Shawls  and  veils,  knitted  by  the  hand  in  Shetland  from 
a  thread  spun  by  machinery,  composed  of  wool  and  silk 
together. 

[Knitting  is  the  chief  employment  of  the  female  inha- 
bitants of  these  isles  in  their  own  homes.  Stockings 
have  been  made  there  from  a  very  ancient  period  ;  but 
the  fanciful  knitting,  comprising  shawls,  &c.,  is  of  recent 
introduction.] 

143  Johnston,  James  &  George,  Paisley,  and  2  Chapter 

JloHse  Court,  St.  J'tiuTs, 

Buckram  and  Paris  net  bonnet  tops  and  crowns,  manu- 
factured by  steam  p<jwer. 


144  LaCGHLAND,  J.,  KilmnrwKk,  Scotland-^ 

Manufacturer. 

Australian  sheep's  wool. 

White,  green,  blue,  and  scarlet  yam,  and  an  oflBcer's 
dress  bonnet,  showing  the  process  of  knitting. 

Knitted  bonnet ;  milled  bonnet ;  finished  bonnet,  as 
used  by  the  officers  of  the  42nd,  72nd,  74th,  78th,  and 
92nd  Highland  regiments;  all  from  Australian  wool. 

New  regulation  fonige  caps;  Serjeant's,  blue;  private's, 
blue,  scarlet,  and  crimson. 

Old  reppdation  fonigc-caps;  Serjeant's,  blue,  with  white 
band ;  private's,  blue,  with  scarlet  band. 

Prince  Charlie  bonnet.     Turkish  crimson  cap  or  bonnet. 

Bsil  moral  bonnet.     Glcngsirry  bonnet. 

Gentleman's  head-dress. 


145         RiTCniE,  Pftfer,  Kihruxmock,  Scothind — 

Manufaicturer. 
Regulation  militarj'  fonifce  caps  : — Serjeant's,  bine  and 
rife-green.  Serjeant's,  71st  Highlanders,  Light  In fantrj'. 
Serjeant's,  with  plaid  bonier.  OfHcer's,  with  white  band. 
Scarlet  Fez  cap.  Officer's,  light  blue  cap.  Prince 
(.'harlie  caps,  blue  and  grey.  Pine  Rjilmonil  cap.  Grey 
Glengjirry  caj),  with  plai<l  bonier.  Caledonian  hats, 
black,  grey,  an<l  green.  Specimens  of  the  military  and 
other  caps,  **Hetuj>." 

14G    MriR,  John,  J.,  &  Co.,  l.VJ  Queen  Stro-t,  Olas,jn'r  - 

Man  ufjictu  rers. 
Specimens    of  various    hand-loom    woven    ginghams, 
cravatfl,  and  handkerchiefs,  plain  and  twilled. 


586 


Class  20.— ARTICLES  OP  CLOTHING,  FOR 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


[UHrrno 


147    Kincaid-Lennox,  F.  M.,  Lennox  Qtstle,  Lennox- 
town,  &  9  Arlington  St.,  Piccadilly — Proprietor. 

Linen  and  cotton  shirts,  made  in  Glasgow;  exhibited  to 
Bhow  the  quality  of  plain  British  needlework. 


147  a    Ruttens,  Helene,  13  Charles  Street,  Soho  Square — 

Inventor. 
Fan,  travelling,  and  specimen  bonnets,  in  silk. 


148    Haywood,  Maby,  3  Dyei^a  Buildings,  City  Road — 

Designer. 

A  shawl  of  white  cashmere,  worked  in  braid,  orna- 
mented and  fringed  with  peacock's  feathers,  the  eyes  of 
which  are  disposed  so  as  to  resemble  gems. 

Karrow  fringe,  made  of  the  same  materials. 


149  Jones,  John,  17  Ditke  Street,  Liverpool — Inventor. 

Registered  tailors*  symmetrometer.  Adapted  for  cutting 
coats  and  waistcoats.    The  trousers'  rule. 


149a  Robinson,  J. — Inventor. 

Measuring  apparatus  for  tailors. 

160  Clowes,  F.,  28  Ann  Street,  Birmingham — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Improved  elastic  coat.     Registered  trousers,   elastic 
riding  belt,  and  brace, 

161  MiNiFiE,  Charles,  Bristol — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Registered  coat  sleeve  shirt. 


162     McCuNTOCK,  James,  &  Co.,  Bamsley — Inventors 

and  Manufacturers. 

Double  silk  elastic  woven  corsets,  with  the  royal  arms 
and  national  emblems  inserted.  Woven  to  fit  the  body, 
and  recommended  for  freedom  of  respiration. 

Thread-wove  corset,  without  seam. 


163  BiBT,  Harford,  Shepton  Mallet,  near  Wells, 

Somersetsliire — Inventor. 

Transitional  coat,  adapted  for  changes  of  the  weather. 

A  frock  coat.  An  open-breasted  vest.  A  double- 
breasted  vest. 

Surtout  as  an  over-coat,  with  concealed  hood  for  tra- 
velling, &c.  

164  Tollet,  G.,  Besley  Jlall,  near  Newcastle, 

Staff ordsh  ire — ^Manufacturer. 
Tippets,  cuffs,  cloaks,  victorines,  and  mufila,  composed 
of  feathers  and  goose  down,  and  made  by  the  needle  and 
thread.  

165  Hodgson,  T.,  jun.,  39  Iron  Market,  Newcastle- 

under-Lytne — ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Elastic  corset. 
Invisible  spinal  support. 

166  Clemes  &  Son,  St,  i4i«fe^/— Manufacturers. 

Underground  hats  for  Cornish  miners  and  mine  agents, 
used  for  protection  against  falling  stones,  &c. 

166  a  Beaufort,  Miss,  Cork — Producer. 

Knitted  child's  pelisse. 


167      Mason,  William,  Nexccastle-undar-Lym^ — 

Manufacturer. 

Velvet-nap  hats,  on  an  improved  body.     Waterproof 
beaver  hat. 

Waterproof  felt  hat,  adapted  to  tropical  climates. 

Silk  hat,  on  a  body  of  cashmere. 

Felt  hat,  designed  by  Mr.  Killingworth  Johnson,  re- 
gistered as  the  "  liaphacl." 

Felt  travelling  hat,  registered  as  the  "  Crichton." 


168     Laurence,  Euzabeth,  15  Montpelier  Walk, 
Cheltenham — Manufiebcturer. 

White  French  merino  dress  for  ladies,  braided  and 
trimmed  with  satin.  Crimson  velvet  dran  for  boys, 
braided;  the  design,  the  rose,  shamrock,  and  thistle. 

White  satin  drawn -bonnet. 


1 69  White,  E.,  Edgar  Buildings,  Bath — ^ManufiEusturer. 

Bassinette,  or  infant's  cradle,   completely  funuBhed. 
Infant's  frock  and  robe. 
Lady's  chemise  and  night  dress.     Qentlenum's  shirt. 

160'    ^JiTOAVf AY, 'Mn,,  Brompton,  near  Chatkcun — 

Producer. 
A  baby's  hat  knitted  in  fine  white  silk. 


161     FiRMiN  8c  Sons,  153  Strandand  13  Conduit  Street, 
Bond  Street — Manufacturen. 
Specimens  of  buttons.    Stars  of  the  Order  of  the  Gar- 
ter, the  Thistle,  and  St.  Patrick.     Swotxls  for  officers  in 
the  army  and  navy,  &c. 


162  Hurst  &  Reynolds,  100  New  Street,  Birmingham^ 

Manufacturers. 
Ladies*  stays  or  corset,  to  fasten  and  unfasten  instanta- 
neously without  lacing. 

162  A  Beeston,  J.  S.,  S trails s  Cottages,  Hammersmith — 

Producer. 
Inflated  railway  caps. 

163  Firkins,  Jos.,  &  Co.,  Worcester — ^Manufiustuicrs. 
Ladies'  habits.     Black  and  coloured  French  kid  gloves. 

Centlemen's  black  and  coloured  calf  gloves.     Cape-goat 
gloves. 

Beaver,  Norway  doe.  Buck,  Lisle,  Berlin,  and  doth 
gloves;  improved  thumbs  and  new  cut,  &c.  Frovinon- 
ally  registered. 

164  Redgrave,  John,  Wijrccster — Manufacturer. 
Men's  coloiu^d,  black,  and  tan  Cape  gloves;  piqu^ 
Ladies'  white  Cape  gaimtlets. 

Habits— coloured,  maze.  Napoleon  blue,  yellow,  light 
blue,  and  drab.    Made  from  lamb-skins  and  Cape  sheep. 

166    RiDurr,  J.,  St.  PauVs  Churchyard — ManufiEMsturer. 
Ladies'  boots  and  shoes. 


166  The  Local  Committee  of  Newbury,  Berkshire — 

by  Sir  John  Throckmorton. 

An  oil  painting:  Sir  John  Throckmorton  prasentii^ 
two  South  Down  wether  sheep  to  Mr.  John  Uozeter  of 
Qreenham,  Newbury,  Berks,  who  engaged,  on  the  day 
they  were  presented,  to  make  their  wool  into  a  piece  of 
cloth,  that  should  be  made  into  a  coat  by  9  o'dock  of 
the  same  evening. 

The  sheep  were  immediately  shorn,  and  the  wool  sorted 
and  spun.  The  yam  was  spooled,  warped,  loomed,  and 
woven.  The  cloth  was  burred,  milled,  rowed,  dyed,  dried, 
sheared,  and  pressed.  The  cloth  having  been  thus  made 
from  the  fleece  in  1 1  hours,  was  put  into  the  hands  of 
the  tailor  at  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  who  completed 
the  coat  at  20  minutes  past  G,  having  bemi  only  2  hours 
and  20  minutes  in  making  it :  Mr.  Coxeter  then  presented 
the  coat  to  Sir  John  Throckmorton,  who  appeal^  with 
it  on,  before  a  large  assembly  of  spectators. 

167  Norman,  S.  W.,  4  Oakley  Street,  Lambeth— 

Inventor  and  Bianuiacturer. 
Ladies*  cork  and  leather  light  waterproof  boots. 
Ladies'  shoes. 


168     LoNODON,  R.,  and  Sons,  Derby — Manofiicturers. 

Patent  frame-work  gloves,  without  any  seam  on  one 
side. 

Smith's  patent  "  Soccopedes  Elasticus.**  This  boot 
requires  no  lacing. 


Kjkgdom.] 


IMMEDIATE,  PERSONAL,  OR  DOMESTIC  USE. 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


.  687 


168  a    Helps,  MLsb,  London  Road,  Liverpool — ^Producer. 
Qutta  percha  articlee. 

1 69  PoOBE,  J.  B.,  9  Princes  Court,  Banner  St,  St.  Lukt^s— 

Designer  and  Maniifacturer. 
A  Udfs  yictorine,  with  cuffs,  made  of  feathers,  oma- 
nkentally  arranged.    Original  design  and  manufacture. 

170  Barfobd, Fbed.,  Marketplace,  St.  Albans, 

Hertfordshire — Inventor. 

Registered  "Brasilianpakn-leaf  Wellington"  hats.  This 

hat  has  a  feather  edge,  interwoven  with  the  palm  leaf. 

It  is  also  interwoven  with  various-coloured  straws,  forming 

a  brim  and  band,  and  dispensing  with  any  ribbon  or  other 


Tb»  '*  Princess  Alice"  hat  for  yoimg  ladies,  formed  only 
of  the  palm-leaf,  with  a  fancy  band,  brim  and  feather 
ed«. 

The  "Chinese"  hat,  with  a  fancy  band,  brim  and  fea- 
ther edge,  also  made  of  the  palm-leaf. 

Three  willow  hats  of  the  English  willow-tree. 

[The  Braadlian,  or  palm-leaf,  is  of  great  size  and  sub- 
stance, and  the  tree  is  indigenous  to  South  America. 
After  its  importation,  it  undergoes  various  processes,  as 
bleaching,  ftc.,  for  the  improvement  of  its  colour,  and  to 
render  it  soft,  pliable,  and  available  for  working  ;  it  then 
becomes  light,  durable,  and  useful.  The  above  hat  is 
accompanied  by  a  portion  of  the  palm-leaf.] 

171  Abhton,  a.,  George  Street,  Portman  Square — 

Inventor. 
Registered  bonnet  and  case. 

172  Eluott,  W.,  Dvtnstable,  Beds — Manufacturer. 
Straw  hats,  bonnets,  plait,  and  fancy  straw  articles. 

172  a    Coopeb,  J.  J.  k  G.,  Bwistable,  Bedfordshire— 

Manufacturers. 
Straw  hats  and  bonnets.  Plait,  and  fancy  straw  articles. 


173  MiHBS,  CoNNELL,  &  Brodie,  Luton,  Bedfordshire — 

Manufivcturera. 

Specimens  of  plaits  and  bonnets  manufactured  from 
wheat  straw  gro\*Ti  in  BeclfordHhire. 

Wheat  straw  ao  taken  from  the  fields,  prepared  for 
milking  whole  straw  plait;  prepared  for  Rplitting;  Bplit 
ready  ft>r  plaiting;  whole  straw  plait,  whipcord,  and  im- 
proved whipcord  plait. 

Luton,  Devon,  China,  Coburg,  and  pearl  ;  Coburg, 
Bedford,  Indiana,  Brussels  Cobiu^,  tulip,  and  fancy- 
tulip  plait. 

Luton  patent  improved  whijicord,  patent  wLipcortl, 
Indiana,  satin,  porcupine,  diamond,  split  Coburg,  and 
China  pearl  rice,  Be<lf4)rd  plait. 

Liuiiert*  bonnets,  including  whole-straw,  whole-whip- 
c<^»rd,  improved  whi|xjor(l,  Luton,  fine  jxitent,  fine  split, 
tulip,  fancy  tulip,  Indiana,  Bnisseln,  Coburg,  and  fancy 
fplit,  improveil  and  patent  rice,  wliii>conl,  diamond, 
China  jiearl,  Bedfonl,  split  Coburg,  fancy  split  Coburg, 
an*!  fancy  colounxl. 

Maid's  whole  whi|»conl,  and  girl's  fancy  Albert,  and 
child**  patent  l>onnetrt. 

Bt>yi*  fancy  Coburg,  and  improved  hats. 

174  LixiLLATEB,  — ,  Shetland  hies — Producer. 
Specimens  of  knitting  peculiar  to  the  Shetliuid  Isles. 


175     Kearse,  Thomas,  40  (;c;r>je  Street,  Limerick, 

Trei  I  ltd — Design  e  r. 

Winter  and  summer  overcoat  combinc<l,  composed  of 
Irifih  frieze  and  tabinct,  and  capable  of  various  trans- 
fMmiations. 

W;iistcoat  of  Irish  fricsw  and  t'lbinet,  of  similar  con- 
struction.    Tnm««c'rs  of  Irish  frieze. 

Infantry  coat  and  ca\'alry  waidtooat,  lined  ^ith  Irish 
taUnei. 


176  Farranoe,  Miss,  Wicklow,  /r<?/and— Producer. 
Knitted  stockings. 

177  Vincent,  R.,  Glastonbunf — ^Manufecturer. 

Suit  of  leather  clothes,  made  to  imitate  superfine  black 
cloth. 

177a       Stewart,  Jane,  Templetrine  Olebe,  Bandon, 

Ireland — Proprietor. 
Articles  made  at  the  Templetrine  industrial  school  by 
the  poorest  class  of  the  peasantnr,  vie:  coarse  ribbed 
gentlemen's  white  socks.  Knitted  long  and  short  black 
silk  mittens.  Children's  knitted  silk  socks.  Fine  white 
knitted  ladies'  stockings  and  mittens. 


178         Kelly,  J.  &  Co.,  98  High  Street,  Kilkenny, 

Ireland — Manufacturers. 
Buckskin  hunting  breeches;  buckskin  raw  material,  &c. 


179  Nairn,  Thomas  Graham,  Limerick — 

Manufacturer. 

Irish  uniform  frock-coat,  for  the  Royal  Horse  Artillery. 

Irish  frieze  national  cape,  flowered  at  bottom;  with  the 
frieze  cut,  and  sewed  on;  without  seams,  and  cut  out  of 
the  piece. 

Insh  frieze  paletot-jacket,  for  shooting,  fishing,  and 
walking. 

180  WooDHOUSE,  John,  39  Lotcer  Ormond  Qtu^y,  DuUm 

— Manufacturer. 
Oilt  and  plated  buttons.     German  silver  letters  and 
figures.    Brass  mountings  for  military  accoutrements. 

181  Peasants,  Female,  of  Wexford,  /r«/<wiJ— Producers. 

Samples  of  Traneen  grass,  plaited  in  the  Leghorn  and 
Tuscan  style. 

182  Maher,  Louisa,  Ballinkeele,  Ennisoorthy,  Ireland 

— Proprietor. 

Samples  of  Cjfnosurus  cristatus  grass,  or  Traneen;  and 
of  rye  straw.     Plait  of  these  articles. 

Articles  made  of  Traneen  plait,  viz.,  hat,  bonnets, 
flower-stands,  and  basket;  and  of  rye  straw  plait,  viz., 
hat  and  basket. 

Samples  of  black,  white,  and  coloured  floor-matting. 

Twenty-four  varieties  of  plait  for  bonnets  made  of 
Traneen. 

[The  Cf/nosiinis,  calletl  in  English  crested  dog's-tail 
grass,  forms  a  large  part  of  all  good  pastures,  la\«i8,  &c., 
in  England  and  Wales. — J.  L.] 

183  Wilson  &  Son,  Pn-^jheda  Street,  DiiJAin— 

Manufacturers. 

Bidbriggan  hosiery. 


184  Dicks,  W.,  IVvrtV— Manufacturer. 

Lamb-skin  gloves. 


185     Ensor,  Tuomas,  Milhtme  J*urf,  near  Sherborne — 

Manufacturer. 

Fur  and  kid  gloves.  Gloves  lined  with  silk  plush,  wools, 
lamb-skin,  &c.  Goat,  calf,  lamb,  sheep,  doer,  and  fawTi 
gloves. 

Patent  glove,  x^ith  a  small  purse  insei-tcd  in  the  palm 
of  the  left  hand.  

180  WniTBY,  E.,  }V.^i7— X;uiufacturcr. 

Skins  in  various  stages  of  manuf;icturt»,  tmd  gloves. 


187  Pitman,  J.,  -V»7Wnc /'or<— Manufacturer. 
An  as.sortment  of  gloves. 

188  Rawlings,  Joseph,  B.,  AfJjey  Silk  Mills,  SherlnjivM, 

Ihjrset — Manufacturer. 
Gloving  and  sewing  silks,  for  tambour,  of  various  shatlos. 
Scarf;  half -twist  cloth,  &c.,  of  Bu^iorior  (quality. 


588 


Class  20.— ARTICLES  OP  CLOTHING,  FOR 
South  Transept  Gallery. 


[Ukited 


189  Monet,  Elizabeth,  Woodstock,  Oxon — 

Manufacturer. 

Lamb-Bkin,  as  received  from  the  leather-dresser. 

Drawn,   round,  and  seam  gloves,   manufactured  from 
lamb-skins. 

English  fawn-skin  riding  gloves  for  ladies. 


190  CoBRY,  John  &  James,  Queen  Camel,  neat  Teovil, 

Somerset — Manufacturers. 
Coloured  and  white  lamb-skins. 

Eadies'  and  gentlemen's  coloured  and  black  leather 
grain  gloves. 

191  Mathieson,  Lady,  Letns  Castle,  Stomoway — 

Producer. 

Embroidered  muslin  skirt,  worked  by  the  children  at 
the  school  in  the  Hebrides. 

Two  p»ir  of  hand-screens,  made  from  feathers  of  wild 
birds  in  the  outer  Hebrides,  by  Miss  Cameron  of  Stomo- 
way. 

192  Thompson,  John,  &  Co.,  Kendal — ManufiEbcturera. 

Hand-knit  Guernsey  frocks  (or  woollen  shirts).  Scar- 
let and  fawn  caps;  single  scarlet;  fancy  striped;  and 
striped  Kilmarnock  caps.  Fancy  Glengarry  and  plaid 
caps  (or  bonnets).  Striped  fleecy  and  mUled  mitts. 
Wad-milled  overalls  (or  boot-hose). 


193    Fry,  James,  Godalming,  Surrey — Manufieu^turer. 

Fine  Lisle-thread  hose  embroidered.  Four-thread  hose, 
plain. 

Fleecy  breast-plates.  Segovia  shirts  and  pantaloons. 
Merino  shirts  and  vests. 

Cotton  pantaloons,  drawers,  and  shirts. 

The  thi^  preceding  articles  are  all  indifferent  qualities. 


194  Holland,  Thomas,  &  Co.,  Langham  Factory, 
Oodilming — Inventors,  Manufacturers,  and  Pro- 
prietors. 

Ladies*  dresses;  waistcoats,  petticoats,  drawers,  8cc. 

Men's  shirts,  trousers,  drawers,  hose,  &c.,  manufactured 
of  a  fleecy  wool,  different  from  any  hitherto  adopted  for 
imder  clothing. 

Similar  articles  in  "Segovia;"  likewise  prepared  from  a 
peculiar  wool;  also,  in  **  double  Segovia,"  and  in  silk  and 
wool. 

Men's  trousers,  shirts,  and  hose,  in  cotton.  Cloth  for 
outside  wear. 

Over-coat,  exhibited  for  lightness  and  warmth. 

Elastic  cloth,  calculated  for  breeches  and  trousers,  used 
in  riding. 

Registered  waistcoat,  with  elastic  ribbed  back. 

Registered  shirts,  with  elastic  backs,  and  smooth  fronts; 
ribbed  or  plain,  made  from  cotton,  silk  thread,  &c. 


195  Ward,  Sturt,  Sharp,  8c  Ward,  Helper,  Derbyshire, 
ami  89  Wood  Street,  Cheapside — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  hosiery  and  glove  manufactures,  viz. : — 
Hose,  half-hose,  vests,  and  drawers,   in  all  qualities 
from  24  gunge  to  70  guage,  manufactured  from  cotton. 
Lisle  thread,   merino,   cashmere,   silk,  and  spun  silk, 
amongst  which  are  cotton  and  Lisle-thread  hose  made  on 
a  70-guago  frame. 

Gloves,  mitts,  cuffs,  sleeves,  and  caps  made  from  the 
same  materials. 

[By  the  number  of  gauge  is  meant  the  quantity  of  loops 
within  a  given  space,  and  hence  when  these  are  increased 
within  that  space,  the  quality  of  the  fabric  is  increased  in 
delicacy  and  value. 

The  invention  of  the  stocking  frame  is  generally  ascribed 
to  William  Lee,  an  expelled  Cambridge  student,  who, 
watching  the  fingers  of  his  wife,  as  she  toiled  for  their 
mutual  support  by  knitting  stockings,  devised  this 
machine.  By  Elizabeth  and  James  I.,  Lee  was  denied 
that  protection  and  encouragement  due  to  inventors;  ho. 


however,  succeeded  in  receiving,  at  the  hands  of  Sully,  the 
minister  of  the  French  King  Henry,  an  acknowledgmait 
which  was  denied  by  his  own  countrymen.  Lee  died  in 
France,  and  one  of  his  apprentices  brought  the  menufac- 
ture  back  into  England,  where  it  has  been  finally  esta- 
blished and  successfully  carried  out^  Kottingfaam  and 
Leicester  being  its  grand  centres.] 


196  Cartwrioht  &  Warners,  Loughborough,  Leicester 

— Spinners  and  Manu&ctaiers. 

Patent  Angola  and  merino  jstde,  of  Tarions  qualitiee. 
Pfttent  Angola  and  merino  hose,  half-hoee,  and  wo6kB 
(white  and  coloured). 

Shirts,  drawers,  and  ladies'  vests  and  dronoos. 

Cotton  hose  and  half-hose,  with  patent  Angola  anklee 
and  feet. 

197  Taylor  &  Beales,  Z^fcerter^— Manufacturers. 
Worsted,  woollen,  and  cotton  hosiery  of  all  kinds. 


198  Harris,  Richard,  &  Sons,  Leicester — 

Manufacturers. 

Lisle,  Berlin,  military.  Cashmere,  piqne  cloth,  knitted, 
and  lined  gloves.  Tncot  piece  goods.  Cufib.  Mitts. 
Ruffles.  Muffittees.  Socks  and  bootees.  Gaiters  and 
bootakins. 

Caps,  hoods,  hats,  and  bonnets.  Mantillas  and  mufb. 
Neck-ties,  scarfs,  and  boas.     Comforters. 

Sailors'  and  fancy  caps.  Guernsey,  worsted,  and  lambs* 
wool,  fancy  frocks  and  shirts.  Worsted  rests.  Lambs- 
wool  pantaloons.    Fancy  cotton  shirts. 

Antimacassars.  Netted  handkerchiefii  and  shawls. 
Woven  shawls. 

Children's  dresses.    Polkas  and  jackets. 

199  Hudson,  James,  J^eicester — ^liannfactorar. 
Lambs-wool,  Cheviot,  Cashmere,  Saxony,  Victoria,  and 

worsted  hose.     Frame-knitted  cotton  and  worsted  hose. 
A  variety  of  half -hose. 

200  Baines,  John,  Bowling  Green  Street,  Leicester — 

Manufacturer. 
Wool,  worsted,  and  Cashmere  hose  and  half-hoee. 


201  BiLLSON  &  Hames,  Leicester — Manufacturers. 

Children's  socks  and  three-quarter  hose;  worsted  sodcs, 
and  a  variety  of  cotton,  worsted,  Cashmere,  and  merino 
hose. 

202  Angrate  Brothers,  Leicester — Manufacturers. 
Lambs-wool  hose,   half-hose,  shirts,  and  pantaloons, 

various  qualities.     Royal  ribbed  and  Cashmere  shirts  and 
pantaloons. 

Ladies'  woollen  vests  and  dresses. 


203  Ward,  Wiixiam,  8c  Sons,  ZWcrs^tfr— ManufactorBrs. 

Patent  fancy  cravats,  boas,  and  pelerines  without  seam. 
Gentlemen's  alpaca  coats  and  capes.    Ladies'  polka  coats. 

Fancy  boots  and  gaiters.  Worsted  and  cotton  hose. 
Wool  frocks. 

204  Beale  8c  Latchmore,  5  Belcoir  Street,  Leicester — 

Manufacturers. 
Lambs-wool  shirts,  pantaloons,  drawers.  Tests,  and 
ladies'  dresses.  White  worsted  ladies*  dresses;  and  men's 
shirts  and  pantaloons,  and  vests.  Royal  ribbed  shirts 
and  pantaloons.  White  Guernsey  shirts;  Canadian  shirts, 
and  pantaloons;  coloured  shirts,  lambs-wool  and  Cash- 
mere hose  and  half-hose. 


205       Biggs  8c  Sons,  Leicester — Manufacturers. 

Men's  worsted,  lambs-wool,  royal  ribbed,  and  cash- 
mere shirts  and  drawers. 

Guernsey  and  Jersey  frocks,  white  and  fancy. 

Women's  worsted,  lambs-wool.  Cashmere,  and  royal 
ribbed  shirts  and  drawers. 


muroiilll,  FIR8GHAL.  (Ht  DCEHEmO  DBB. 


IhMb  «•*«  Utta^  fcr  0rttH^  dor*  toK  *»■ 
Italb  tarifc  (Mte-  Mtmt  ^OMo^  NUdL  of 
MQlllMftI  Wmt,  iBBtoO  hr  |)otw,  witetbt^  *o.. 


O^a  nd  tbO,  nad^  nOw  mckaW  prtcBt,  on  t«U 


Cloth  of  bwH*  fur  aaJ 
■Lui^iiuc-ham* :   <•(  h&re*'   fi 


wool,  with 
if  wool  rrora  tli*  pMhrniH  K°*tj  ^ 
rf  Sottth  Anariw;  of 
w  bcarar;  aod  of  Sbxohv  v(h)1, 
Oloni  «f  buW  for  cloth  and  OMhaww  gMto-iraal 
oAi  liouD*  uid  Sbxoqj. 
OlcrTMori4*Ii>tlinMl-ireb.  madt  m th*  «Vp4n>d>iDe 

*y«HkMof  Uw 


aoe 


■t«f  kiM^  Uf-hoM^  ndaocfa, 


lailw^  aod  giDtiaiiMl'a  wool  Teata  and  drawan. 
l^^t^  wUta  and  colourad  boota. 
[^di^  fiuCT  wool  cob  and  alMTsa.    Hen's  cuSa. 
Chiklnn*a  mufi. 

I^dW  tanc7  wool  trnd-dnaaea.     Infanta'  ttixj  wool 
hooda,  teta,  aod  bonnsta.    Ladled  wool  paletoU. 


209       IClli^  FkiDSHCK  &  Jokm,  Zaionfar— 
aU^  UaU  thrwd,  and  OwhsMM  ^ona. 


211       HusDM,  ■taoMu  106  Agwil  A 

IbDo&Btnrar. 
Tart  batten  for  gi 
oofal,  onyx,  MttMUao,  bloodab 


Bote  da  dMEotaw,    naiaail    i 

maUri^  and  adifUtad  for  qoali^,  di .       _., ^ 

mm.  DnM  atook,  ob  aa  iiurond  win  friiiiMlaHn> 
■ihiUtadbraMaMiddnMUH^.  Di^fuUfrnrtalodn 
irith  «ail)coldM«d  Im*  fon,  aaw  In  d^ipi. 

A  aalaotioa  nf  "miM  nond"  oswti,  wUJi  ai 


218     BtiMBOH,  AxxM,  33  Wood**  JTm^  Orttemtr 
Bqmtn    Mannfcotiuw. 
AqaOUdhhwdkbad-aonri  cshfUud  for  watkK 
a^. 

2131.     Lkbwkx  Locu.  OoMMtm^  BnOmd— 


"MvoM,  Ommwu^  ft  Bm^ui^  Cta^gma — 
KaBnfootnran. 
traw  botmata  and  ^ait,  dm 
from  Tf»  itnLW  grown  In  tha  Oiknaf  lalaodi. 

216  DiTna,  Bksakd,  Sbn^a  Zant, 

Inventor. 
A  hat  nude  of  leather  b;  a  peculiar  pmoeM. 

21 7  BoBCBTS,  Edvard  Botd,  339  Begait  Strtet,  and 

32  Uoorgate,  City. 
The  beaver  (Coator  j!6«r),  applied  to  articles  of  clothing. 


690  OFFICIAL,  DESCRIPTIVE,  AND  ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE. 


i 

-Sect.  III. 

1 

^ 

1 

CITTLERY,    KDGE    AND    HANI)    TOOLS. 


INTRODUCTION. 

The  present  Class  in  some  d^rec  CArriM  the  attentioii  a^n  among  tlio  implements  ufteil  in  maniirHcturcp,  and 
oompreheDils  nil  those  touls  not  included  in  Clasfi  C.  Tlic  tools  t>elcinp;ing  (u  the  present  Cinss  are  princi|ially 
uf  the  snullcst  description  employetl  in  arts  requiring  delicacy  and  precision  of  tnuch,  rather  than  the  exercise 
of  mechanical  force.  The  knives  and  other  Bhar(>  inBtrumenls,  coming  under  the  general  dcuoniinatiou  or 
Cutlerj,  are  ohjecte  of  familiar  knowledge  and  employment. 

The  Class  is  divisible  into  two  Sub-Classes ;  the  first  of  these,  A.,  includes  Cutlery,  such  as  Knives  uid 
Porks,  Ten  and  Pocket  Knives,  Razors,  Scissors,  and  Shears ;  of  these  some  are  employed  forjiersonal,  domestic, 
1^  oratuoerclal  pur|x«es — some  for  use  in  vniious  trades  and  handicrafts — and  some  l>elong  to  the  class  of  oma- 
mnit»l  rkther  tlian  useful  articles  ;  ]!.  comprehends  Files  and  other  small  Kdge  Tools,  not  included  among 
lUnufkcturing  Tools  in  Class  6— of  these,  some  arc  applicable  to  the  purposes  of  the  en<!ineer  and  smith,  others 
lo  those  of  masons,  &c,  A  finer  kinil  ia  employed  bv  jewellers,  lapiilaries,  watchmakers,  and  other  workers  in 
phihw^^icy  JDStrumcnts  or  in  precious  metais;  otliers  are  used  for  woodwork  by  caqieuters,  cabinet-makers, 
te.,  and  others  Iw  artists  and  engravers. 

For  those  articles  tn  this  Claiis  which  have  not  been  sent  from  Sheffield,  search  will  be  made  in  llic  North 
Gallery.  The  Sheffield  goods,  bolongin«  in  strict  ]itopric(y  to  tliis  Class,  are  included  amon^:  Itardwani  in  the 
ft^lowing  Class,  and  will  bo  found  in  the  Building  on  the  "South  Siile  of  the  Nave,  about  midway  l-etu-ecn  the 
Transept  and  the  Western  extremity.  The  mnnufactun's  of  Shellield  being  tlie  most  im|iortant,  it  is  necessary 
to  defer  the  notice  of  them  to  the  succeeding  Class,  for  the  reasons  just  slated.  Nevertheless,  in  the  Metropolis 
ilwlf  a  verj-  ci'nsidcrable  ammiMt  of  the  !H.>»t  rli-siTipti.ms  of  articlrs  of  cutlery  are  mn.le ;  but  llic  pnijiortion  of 
Metn>|iiilitiin  :;«ii<ls  in  lliis  de|>artmeiit,  is  Hiiiall  in  niiu|Kiriikiu  with  that  uf  Klitltielil,  iu  which  llic  niiuiulnclure 
uf  cutii'ry  hiilils  a  lusition  uf  the  ^ireatext  extent  and  ini]iiirtanei-. 

Many  of  llie  minute  tmlseniplnycil  in  the  carver's  iirt  niulln  thalof  eii'^raviiiiiani  hcreexhilnted.  Tlicse  tixils 
lutve  aripiiml  nmch  celebrity,  ami  arc  inaiiufikctureil  of  a  suivrior  di'M'ripliou  ofsleel,  and  with  much  nkill  and 
i-m-.  Ahliou^'h  prc-senlin;:  in.  rvtenial  fi-iiture  of  interest,  these  minute  inslnnm^nts  repRwiH  llic  means  bv 
wl.Kh  miK-h  of  what   is  artisticnllv  U'autifnt  ^tnd  pliasln^  to  the  eye  Ims  Wax  iiroliio'd :  the  hi^l'tiuily  which 

■nnsjiicunuwiy  mauifested  in  many  of  the  s]«'ci- 


1               WEiTnEM,v.  Kdwabp.  .1  B.-haont  T<r<Mf, 

LnrKC  l«kj..Liit  koivc-,  with  corkscrews. 

n-.n'l,>r...Ui,:.,..l. 

A   knife,    with    two    bl*ii«,    euikwiMW,    luid    Icnthor 

ThU'»  ww-wt,  IwLnK  a  imtuut  fur  iuiprovcmtiita  m  tbo 

piin^h. 

K'nii'  bliulvil  knivw,  v,-ith  jioaii  nn<t  kIik  h:Hi<IhM. 

Ttir.'u-bliMleil  kniv«s.  with  iwu-1  iukI  n-ry  IiiuuIIm. 

2             THOSSIHLL,  WaI.TBR,    1+4  Xl-w  Ilf,,l.l  l^lnvt    - 

TwD-lihuluil  iH'nknivori,  with  ix'^irl  hsudliM. 

M.-uiiifM.tijrfr. 

1'niui.iK  kuive«  and  .-..li-erwHS. 

St«l  i-hsU'liiLne.  miumfncttired  atU-v  llie  -tv  II-  ,.f  l\„- 

The  nutuiu  siv  so  ttoiutnietcd  lh;it  the  thicknow  of  the 

..Idpirtwd  Htrt-1  w.irk.     S.iMoti".     Breiul   kniveii,   nith 

Wk  and  tlH.  ImiuW.  ol  the  bUMle  fiivo  tiie  cl^e  the 

carrM  Iwx  lui-l  ivrv  hatidlr.-. 

|in>l«r  angle  fi.r  fhaviiiit  with  mw.    Tlii-y  «n.re  carefully 

M™lel  nf  *  pniiiiiiK  ii.-'tninuTit,   f..r  |.nuii»a  t.«--  at 

mj  heitflit,      M.'iiul  .pf  a  llo«Mr-(,-at)iuiii',  vlkh  ..iilrt  ull 

11  l!ieriii..miU.T. 

tUf  flowvr  and  l,..ld-  it. 

Specitowuioti'iitlerj-. 

4       IliJ>rKLi.,  Thomas  CrKsT,  A  Co.,  i-  MM\- 1:--. 
//„;  .„■„--  M:in  u  fiiet  iin^in . 

/r.f.i.»i-Miunir.i.-l.iivrH. 

IUkt..    wilh    iwiri    mi.l    t..i-t..i«.Hli,.ll    h^iiidle-,    t-"ld 

Ti.).l.^cii!l.'niii..d.-iii  l,..:„l.,ii. 

turw.  l^M'.  a.,.l  p.i.i  i.1;i1.-i  L«i.l«. 

Kllli^"■:mt^■  mA  tmelk'i-    |ir..iuet..r,  or  biuyl.ir-'   iiili 

K»*.n.,  »-ilh  iv..r*-  iir.ii.lU^  mi.i  ViIv.t  liilu'l,.. 

mUU.„: 

A  knif.-,  Willi  l«'k-joiut,  kn,-o  U.u\.:  |.'n  l.t^ulo.  hntt..Ti 

h-v*.  rork«i\'»,  Ic^illjLT  pnnth,  gniii-iekcr.  tftiM  huax-l. 

han.ll.-.  I..V  uhiHi  ll..-  ,-.,.i,ihLs  ■■!  tlic  -.iif.uc  ,,.  i.iv-.  iw.J, 

592 


Clam  21.— cutlery,  EDGE  AND  HAND  TOOLS. 

North  Gallery. 


r  Ukitep 


5  Kino  &  Peach,  //«//— Manufacturers. 

Specimens  Bbowing  the  different  stages  in  the  manu- 
facture of  a  moulding  plane. 

Moving  fillister,  with  the  fence  fixed  in  the  usual 
manner,  and  with  improved  fence. 

A  sash-fillister,  for  making  the  rebate  in  a  sash-bar. 


6         Deane,  Dray,  &  Deane,  London  Bridge,  City — 

Proprietors. 

Set  of  superior  table  and  dessert  cutlery,  with  steel, 
French  pattern,  three-prong  forks,  with  grand  and  game 
carvers,  and  parallel  table  steel  to  correspond. 

Table  and  dessert  knives,  silver  ferrules  ;  grand  carvers, 
game  carvers,  and  hexagon  table  steel ;  vegetable  four- 
prong  fork. 

Table  and  dessert  knives,  fluted  ivory;  with  grand 
and  game  carvers,  and  knife  sharpener. 

Table  and  dessert  knives,  Waterloo  balance,  with  grand 
and  game  carx'ers. 

Mother-of-pearl  silver  plated  dessert  knives  and  forks, 
fluted  handles. 

Ivory  German  firame  spear-point  bowie-knife ;  stag 
German  frame  clip-point,  polished  and  glazed. 

Ladies'  superior  fine  scissors. 


Morton,  J.  &  G.,  8  Great  Turnstile,  Lincoln* 8  fnn 
Fields,  and  39  Chcapside — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  London-made  table  cutlery. 


8       Wood,  J.,  28  Spurrier  Gate,  York — Manufacturer. 

Registered  York  razor,  having  a  level  or  slope  only  on 
one  side.  Specimens,  showing  the  different  stages  of 
manufacture. 


9 


CowvAN,  Bernard  &  Samuel,  164  Fcnchurch 
Street — Inventors. 
Canton  strop,  or  Chinese  razor-sharpener. 


10     Sharpe,  J.  &  R.,  5  Gough  Sqttare — Manufacturers. 
Table-knife  cutlery,  manufactured  in  London. 


1 1       Addis,  Samuel  Joseph,  20  Gravel  Lane,  Southtcark. 
Tools  used  by  carvers. 


1 2        Mechi,  John  Joseph,  4  Lcadmhall  Street-^ 

Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  British  cutlery,  razors,  scissors,  pen- 
knives, and  table  knives,  in  cases. 

Specimen  razor  and  table  knife,  made  from  the  finest 
tempered  steel. 

Specimen  of  the  rough  steel  from  which  they  were 
manufieu^ured;  and  specimens  showing  the  various  stages 
of  the  process. 

[In  the  succeeding  class  will  be  found  various  notes 
giving  account  of  the  process  of  manufactiu^  of  cutlery 
generally.  This  manufacture  is  carried  on  principally  at 
Sheffield  ;  but  it  is  also  prosecuted  in  other  towns,  as  in 
the  Metropolis,  though  to  a  very  limited  extent.] 


13 


MosELEY,  John,  A  Son,  17  &  18  Xcir  Street, 
Cormt  Garden — Manufacturers. 
Specimens   of  planes  and  various    other    tools,   with 
modem  improvements. 

Tool  chests,  containing  tools,  adapted  to  the  various 
branches  of  mechanical  skill. 
Cutlery,  needles,  &c. 


1 5  LOY,  W.  T.,  jun.,  60  St.  Martin's  Lane— 

Designer  and  Manufiicturer. 

Specimens  of  cutlery.     Registered  razors  fitted  with 
the  Tudor  guards. 

Razors,  with  carved  ivory  and  chased  metal  handles  in 
bronze,  silver,  and  electro-gilt. 

Carving  knives  and  forks^  and  other  arUcIes  of  cutlery, 
of  new  design. 

17      Waldron,  Wiluam,  &  Sons — 8t<mrbridge — 

Manufacturers. 

Scythes,  as  used  in  various  countries. 

Crown  chaff-knife.     Hay -knives,  with  side  and  T  han- 
dles.   Trussing  knife.    Bramble  s^the. 

American  grass  hook;  South  of  England  reaping  hook ; 
hedge  brushing  hook  ;  and  pea  bill  hook. 


Id        Buck,  Joseph,  91   Waterloo  Road,  Lambeth — 

Manufacturer. 
Circular  and  other  saws.    Variety  of  turning  and  other 
mechanical  tools. 


19         Yeates,  Frederick  Oreen,  10  Wincksw»rih 
Buildings,  City  Road — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Rcgistereil  lever  knives,  for  opening  preserved  provi- 
sions, fruits,  lardine  cases,  &;c.  The  fuivantage  is  in  the 
power  of  the  fulcrum,  or  leverage. 

Registered  twine  or  string  boxes.  The  internal  box, 
containing  the  ball  of  string,  revolves  and  draws  back  the 
superfluous  string,  preventing  its  becoming  entangled. 


20       Baker,  Wiluam,  14  Allen  St,,  Gomttll  Strtei— 

Manufacturer. 
Awls,  bodkins,  steels,  and  other  implements,  for  shoe 
makers,  carpenters,  &c. 


21      Stewart,  Charles,  &  Co.,  22  Charing  Croa — 
Manufacturers  and  Pfttenteea. 
Patent  Plantagenet  guard  razor.    This  razor  ia  shown 
with  the  guard  in  the  annexed  cut. 


Patent  Ooard  Rasor. 

Improved   razor-strops    and  paste.      The  procees    of 
cutlery  in  the  manufacture  of  the  razor. 

22  TvzACKs,  J.,  7  Upper  Bemers  St.,  Commercial  Rd.  Easi 

— Inventor. 
Double  patent  British  razor. 


14 


LoY,  William,  24  King  Street,  Whitehall— 
Manufacturer. 
Club  skates  with  straps.     Skates,  fitted  with  cramps 
and  heel  fastenings,  to  secure  them  to  the  boot  without 
straps.     Indies'  skat-w,  similarly  improved. 


23  Addis,  James  B.,  jun.,  17  Charlotte  Street,  Black- 
friars  Road,  and  29  Litots  Street,  Deptford — Inventor. 

Carving  tools,  and  a  newly-invented  set  of  tools  for 
carving  fruit. 

24  Knight,  Qeoroe,  &  Sons,  Foster  Lane— 

Manufacturers. 

The  amateurs*  complete  lathe  cabinet,  oonsisting  of  a 
4^-inch  centre  lathe  on  an  iron  bed,  fitted  with  a  slide- 
rs, and  accompanied  by  a  complete  arrangement  of 
chucks. 

Apparatus  and  tools  requisite  for  wood,  bone,  and 
metal  turning,  including  newly -invented  chucks  far  cut- 
ting, filing,  and  planing. 

Mr.  Francis'  new  lathe-rest  for  the  support  of  delicate 
work,  revolving  between  the  mandril  and  back  centre; 
also,  for  boring  cylinders,  &c. 

A  dividing  engine  for  the  lathe,  invented  by  the  Rev. 
F.  Meyler,  for  the  piu7>o8c  of  obtaining  a  correct  divirion 
of  the  circle  witli  great  facility. 


Kl>?GDO]|.] 


Class  21.— CUTLERY,  EDGE  AND  HAND  TOOLS. 

North  Gallery. 


593 


Improved  cleaning,  grindingy  and  polishing  machine,  for 
tooUy  Sk.,  fitted  with  a  series  of  bobs  in  bright  spindles. 

Inaide  and  outside  goffering  machine,  for  silks,  muslins, 
•trawB,  &o. 

Crimpiiig  machine  for  shawls. 

Outside  crimping  machine,  for  caps,  collars,  and  dresses. 

An  assortment  of  punches  for  dress-making,  flower- 
making,  pattern-making,  &c.,  consisting  of  stnught  and 
pinking;  plain  and  compound  scallop;  pricking;  plain, 
round,  oTal,  and  jagged;  leaves,  sprigs,  veiners.  Sec, 

Joiner^s  tool-chest,  fitted  with  saws  in  covered  till, 
planes  in  rack,  and  nest  of  divided  drawers,  containing  a 
complete  assortment  of  tools. 

Household  tool-chest,  with  till  and  drawers,  containing 
a  complete  assortment  for  common  purposes. 

Amateui's  tool-chest,  fitted  with  a  tray  and  divided 
drawer,  and  a  complete  set  of  tools. 

Warehouse  chest,  fitted  with  divisions,  containing  an 
assortment  of  tools  for  packing,  opening,  and  trimming 
boxes,  cases,  and  casks,  and  general  warehouse  work. 

Blasting  apparatus,  for  rending  timber,  stumps  of 
treei^  &c.  

25  CoLOAN  &  Son,  Limerick — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  cutlery. 

26  Beadpord,  Saxuel,  Bagwell  Street,  Clonmel, 

Irehnd — Hanu  £Eu;turer . 

Rasors,  in  tortoiseehell,  pearl,  plain  and  carved  ivory 
handles;  and  with  the  ''tang,*'  or  that  port  of  the  blade 
held  wldle  in  use,  made  in  ivory  or  pearl. 

Raaor  blades  in  the  different  processes,  from  the  bar 
of  steel  to  the  finished  blade. 

Penknives,  pocket-knives,  and  sportsmen's  knives. 
Hunting  knives,  by  which  a  broken  stirrup-leather  &c., 
may  be  instantly  repaired.  Office  knife,  containing  pen- 
blade  and  paper  cutter,  pencil,  and  letter-weighing  appa- 
ratus.— Both  invented  by  exhibitor. 

Portable  slip  knife  and  fork;  the  fork  blade  may  be  re- 
moved and  replaced  by  a  saw,  file,  button  hook,  &c. 

German  smoker^s  knife.  Dagpjers.  steel  mounted, 
carved,  and  turned  ivory  handler,    (jcrman  hunting  knife. 

Cucunibor  ftlicor,  which  may  l>e  adjunted  to  any  knife.  — 
Invente«l  ]»y  cxhi})itor.  Tobacco  cutter.  Pair  "of  nkaU'H, 
•■•n  an  improved  principle. 

27  Ibiiotso.v,  — ,  GhiS'jmr — Producer. 

Panel  or  block  plane,  capable  of  being  .ilterod  to  a 
mitre  plane. 

2W  Offord,  I).,  (irrit   y<innoith — Inventor. 

ImprovM  moffticating  knife  and  fork  for  dvKpeptie 
I^TRniw.     Pro\-i»ii»nally  regi.-*tered. 

[A  masticating  knife,  8o  called  from  the  minute  state 
of  division  to  which  it  reduces  the  food,  connistn  generally 
«.f  a  numljer  of  hlade."*,  which,  when  acting  on  the  food, 
diviile  it  at  one  ntroke  into  a  number  of  portions.  The 
utility  of  this  invention,  for  those  who  rt^quire  its  assist- 
ance, apfieam  to  l>e  established  by  exiKirience] 

'.\\  Hannah.  A..  c;i.,x.jO'r — Manufacturer. 

Aisiwtrtmciit  of  Thomson's  augers,  bracers,  bits,  flaw  and 
ilt-nch  hammers,  scollops,  for  boring  woo<l,  &o..  of  vanous 
dimeuifions  and  designs. 

.32  Mathieson,  a.,  filiisfoT — Mantifactnrer. 

As*r>rtmont  of  braces,  bits  ;  pianoforte-maker's  key 
t'toU:  turning  and  caning  tools;  chisels,  gouges,  Sec. 
MA/4h,  claw,  veneer,  and  clench  hammers.  Saw  buckle. ' 
wirh  swivel.  St'ts  of  screw  augers.  Sa.'^h  and  shutter 
cr.imj-*.     Hohlfast  with  swivel  screw. 

Flit  ploughs  with  steel  bridle  and  round  bnuis  stems: 
with  imprr»ve«^langulir  slide;  with  screw  stems;  iuul  with 
<^A'u\  handle. 

Sa^h  anil  side  fillisters,  with  improved  stop  brass  stems. 

Trying,  jark,  and  smoothing  phuu's. 


33  HiLLiARD  8c  Chapman,  Gl(tsgou> — Inventors  and 

Manufacturers. 

1.  The  "Clydesdale  razor" — a  model  razor  on  a  laige 
scale,  exhibited  for  synunetry  and  execution. 

2.  The  "people's  razor." 

3.  The  "  oi^ganic  razor."  The  angle  of  the  edge  is  pro- 
duced on  the  under  side  of  the  blade,  and  the  principal 
concavity  on  the  upper  side.  The  configiuration  of  the 
blade,  at  the  point,  heel  and  tang,  is  part  of  the  improve- 
ment. 

4.  5,  6.  Additional  samples  of  the  "organic  razor." 

7.  The  "hypenetome,  or  beard  plane,"  invented  in 
1851;  new  instnunent  for  shaving;  constructed  on  the 
principle  of  the  carpenter's  plane.  It  may  be  used  with 
either  right  or  left  hand,  and  it  admits  of  wiping,  strop- 
ping  or  sharpening,  like  a  conunon  razor. 

8,  9,  10,  11.  Additional  samples  of  the  "hypenetome." 

12.  The  "  vallise  strop,"  invented  in  1851;  containing 
the  "  hypenetome,  or  beard  plane,"  shaving  brush,  shav- 
ing-soap, in  case,  and  the  strop. 

13.  The  registered  table  knife,  with  invbibly  secured 
handle.  By  a  simple  contri>'ance,  incurring  scarcely  any 
additional  labour,  or  expense  in  construction,  the  handle 
and  blade  are  locked  together,  and  cannot  get  loosened  in 
use,  while  they  may  be  readily  separated  for  repair  or  re- 
newal. The  fastening  is  invisible,  the  handle  showing  no 
rivet,  screw,  or  nut,  of  any  kind. — Registered,  March  7, 
1851. 

14.  15,  16,  17,  18.  Additional  samples  of  the  regis- 
tered table  knife,  showing  the  various  patterns;  with 
some  of  the  handles  left  loose,  to  explain  the  principle  of 
the  invention. 

19.  Blade  and  handle  of  the  registered  table  knife,  in 
separate  parts,  the  latter,  sectionally  divided,  showing  its 
internal  construction. 

20  The  "  superior  family  table  knife."  Exhibited  for 
elegance,  utiUty,  and  durability. 

21.  The  "sporting  gentleman's  pocket  knife,"  with 
graduated  portable  Heme. 

22.  The  "improved  (w^cket  fleme-knife,"  for  veterinary 
surgeons  and  grooms. 

2:^.  The  "  country  gentleman's  knife." 

24.  The  '*  nude  truss,"  for  hernia.  Exhibited  for  sim- 
plicity, lightness,  and  comfort  in  use.  All  padding  or 
covering  being  dispensed  with,  it  can  be  used  while 
bathing,  without  lieing  affecte<l  by  the  water. 

34  Saunders,  (J.,  liriKul'mi/,  Xew  }'i>rk. 
Four- sided  metallic  tablets  and  razor  strops. 


3,*)      Mathieson,  Thos.  A.,  &  Co.,  d  Xicholson  Street, 
Kdinhiirijli — Manufivcturers. 
Improved  sash  fillister  j)lane  for  windows;  wood  brace, 
bifiss  neck,  improved  pad,  and  pattern  bits. 


3<)  Macpherson.  C.  &  H.,  1  dH mere  Street,  Pnuffi  Works, 
AV/i/i/»»//v;A—  Manufacturers. 
A    brace,    with    all   kinds   of  bits    used    for    boiing, 
•Irilling.  and  countersinking. 


37 


Barker,  Robert,  En.siwjtnifd,   Yorhshire — 
Manufat.'turer. 
Uutchei's'  and  house  stvols. 


38       ToMLIN  &  Co.,  Krtterintj,    Nnrthamptonshire — 

Mantifacturei's. 

Sickles  for  reaping  com,  used  in  the  midland  counties. 
The  teeth  arc  cut  fine  and  gi-ound  sharj)  without  pulling 
out. 

Shears  uscmI  in  Hlu-ej)-sheanng,  wool-sorting,  thatching, 
and  caq>et-making. 

3l»  StiU-J,  PkTKH,    W<irrin  i(<>,\  mvi  liothrrhain — 

Manufa'-tnrer. 

Blister  and  shear  steel.  Cast-steel,  in  the  ingot  and  the 
bar.     Coach-s])ring  steel.      Lnncjishiro  files  ami  to«.I;*. 

Magnets.  iiia<le  according  to  the  system  of  the  Kev. 
William  S<-ore'<by.  1>.I>.;  reniarkabh*  f<»r  their  groat 
j»ower. 

•J  Z  J 


594 


Class  21.— CUTLERY,  EDGK  AND  HAND  TOOLS. 

NoRTU  Gallery. 


[Dr.  Scorosby^  who  has  devoted  a  hirge  share  of  hia 
attention  to  the  couBtructiou  of  magneto,  adopts  the 
following  mode  of  imparting  magnetism  to  steel  bars. 
He  places  the  bar  to  be  magnetised  upon  two  powerful 
magnets,  and  then  draws  them  gently  apart  until  the 
upper  bar  rests  with  its  ends  on  either  end  of  the  magnets; 
in  this  position  it  is  allowed  to  rest  for  a  short  time,  and 
then  slid  off  laterally,  the  other  side  beuig  turned  down, 
and  the  process  repeated  until  the  bar  of  steel  is 
thoroughly  saturated.  Dr.  Scoresby  insists  upon  the  im- 
portance of  using  the  hardest  steel ;  and  the  most  powerful 
magnets  which  he  has  constructed  are  made  of  a  series 
of  thin  plates  of  steel,  hardened  thi^oughout,  each  one  of 
the  series  being  separately  magnetised. — R.  IL] 

Minerals.  &c.,  from  which  magnets  are  made,  viz.,  iron 
ore,  from  Dannemora,  in  Sweden;  calcined  ore;  pig  and 
bar  iron. 

40       Gradwell,  O.,  8  Market  Street,  Manchester-r- 

Proprietor. 

Specimen  of   cutlery,    knife   with    300  blades,    each  '■ 
having  a  sei)arat'C  spring.  j 

42        Bi'JX^nER,  IsATAii,  Waicrhm  Street,  Wolverhampton — 

Mauuifacturor. 
Various  augers,   bits,  borers,  chisels,  and  gouges,  for 
Hhipwrights,  ciU^K'ntoi's,  coopoi>»,  pump-boi-ors,  imd  wheel - 
wnights. 


46    Durham,  Joseph  Banks,  456  New  Oxford  Street — 

Manu&oturer. 

Articles  of  cutleir.     Highly  polished  and  richly  cut 
steel  chatelaine,  with  improved  scissors  and  tablet. 

Series  of  blades,  showing  the  various  stages  of  a  table 
knife,  from  the  bar  of  steel  to  the  finished  blade. 


47       Hill,  J.  V.,  6  Chichester  Place,  Gratia  Ttm  Rood 

— ManufEu^urer. 
London-made  saws;  the  blades,  after  they  are  ground, 
are  filed  to  a  gauge,  so  that  there  is  no  fricUon  on  the 
blade  of  the  saw.     Other  tools. 


48  Beach,  W.,  iSWw&wy— Manufacturer. 

Assortment  of  cutleiy,  including  fox-pad  and  fiiwn*s- 
feet  hunting-knives. 

Newly  designed  pearl  paper-folding  knife,  rroresentiug 
the  crown,  sword,  and  sceptre,  with  engraved  views  of 
Wilton  House,  Wilton  Churdb,  Salisbury  Cathedral,  and 
Stonehenge. 

Cancers*  pruning  knives,  shooting  knives,  &c. 

Fine  scissors,  in  newly  invented  steel  cases  for  dbate- 
laiues.     Model  of  Stonehenge. 

t^  — — 

49  Eastwood,  O.,  31  Walmgate,  IVA— Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
A  imnolpliinc,  answering  the  purposes  of  both  panel 
and  miti'e. 

(For  Sheffield  goods,  see  Oass  22,  Nos.  102—235,  &c.) 


GENERAL    HARDWARE,    INCLtlDING   LOCK      AND    GRATES. 


INTRODUCTION. 

The  muller  rouiufactaTes  or  iron,  copper,  bnws,  tin,  &c.,  n.ro  rcprcsoiilc<1  by  the  objects  contfune^  within  the 
JimitB  of  tiiia  eitensrve  Class.  Tlieae  manufactures  are  of  consiilerablu  imixirtnnce  to  ttiis  cmiutry,  and  enipioy  a 
laree  nnntbeT  of  handB  and  n  considerable  amount  of  ca|iita1.  But  thuobjeels  theniBelveii  are  oftt-n  of  the  niMt 
trinii^  de«eription ;  and  w«tc  it  not  for  the  knowledjie  that  upon  their  prmluction  de|icni)H  the  HiibiiiHtcnce  of 
many  tboumids  of  0|ieiativeB,  ihcy  might  he  passed  by  without  notice.  Uiit  in  l.lie  ninnufacturiiig  world  the 
minutort  article  hax  its  importance  when  the  consumption  of  that  article  is  jireat  and  the  dcnuinil  coniitant.  It 
will  oonseqiiently  be  found  that  the  nioet  insij^ilicnnt  object  comjirehcuilcti  within  this  (Uaas  has  imporliuit 
icUtioaa  with  the  prmpcrity,  not  merely  of  a  few  individuals  or  oF^  one  manufnctory,  but  of  an  entire  district 
and  ita  po(iulation. 

The  Class  includes  Ibe  foUowing  Sub-Clnsses : — A.  Brass  Manufacture,  as  Cabinet  and  General  Draai 
Fwindiy,  Hinges,  Fastenings,  Door-knockers,  Castors,  Ax. ;  B.('iip|ier,  Zinc,  Tin,  I'cwter,  and  General  Braziery, 
u  Kettles,  Saucepans,  Urns,  Tubing,  lnkstan<la,  S|)oons,  ^c. ;  C.  Iron  Manufacture,  as  Stoves,  Gmt««,  P'ciiilrni, 
Locks,  Hinj^es,  &c.,  and  objects  of  a  larger  kind,  as  Mangles,  Gates,  &c, ;  D.  Stoel  Manufacture,  as  "Heavy 
Steel  Toys,"  such  as  Hammers,  Vices,  &c.,  and  "  Light  Btccl  Toys,"  as  Brooches,  Buckles,  &c. ;  E.  Buttons'; 
V,  Wirework,  Gauze,  Hooki!  and  Ej-es,  Pins,  &c. 

A  eonsiiierable  amount  of  space  is  occupied  by  tliia  important  Class  in  the  Buildin^i,  Tlie  nrlieles  comiirised 
in  it  will  I*  found  on  the  Poulh  Side  of  llie  Western  Main  Avenue,  to  the  West  of  the  Coii.jiial  rr™hKli..ns. 
'lb..  Areas  L.  M.  N.  an.l  O.  IK  to  20,  and  S!r>  to  '27,  are  .K:cii|iied  with  Ihese.  Aldiif;  a  ei.nsid.nl.le  luirl  of  the 
li'iiLth  of  the  Avenue  d.  i'..  Stoves,  rip<>s,  Jiatlis,  Lamps,  and  a  niisceilanTOus  collection  of  lliinlwnre  of  evcrv 
il.-«Ti[.lion  will  lie  fnimd. 

Iliniiiii'Jiani  has  loun  liccn  cnnncctoil  with  the  mnnufneture  of  linrdwaro  of  every  kind,  to  such  n  degree  llial. 
the  name  of  the  town  has  often  Iiecome  asHoriat<'d  with  these  artirlen.  Some  deiKirtnii^nls  of  the  trade  are  like- 
wine  viisicotixlv  piwheil  at  Wolverham]iton,  AVnlsall,  and  Phellicid  ;  but  Iliniiin<!ham  may  In-  legitimately 
««islilenil  as  the  nH'tnipolis  fur  hardwares  generally ;  and  the  eiinnnoiiK  extension  of  its  trade,  nttribiitalile  in  a 
■.:r«it  measure  lo  these  manufactures,  indicates  the  momentous  results  to  which  tbe]irodnclion  in  qunntiti<ii of 
till'  most  trivial  objects  may  give  rise.  In  forty  years  the  )io]iuliilion  of  llimiingbain  has  itien'nspil  by  nearly 
l-V>  |ier  cent. ;  and  what  is  lii};hly  inslniclive  n'lid  remarkable  is  the  fuel  that,  in  proporlion  to  tbe  inereane  of 
prinhiction  haslieen  the  dwreaso  of  price,  until  Ihcro  biis  Wen  a  rediieticn  in  llic  same  jierio.1  of  »l«>iit  (!■.;  j^t 
e.-i.t.,  and  in  wiine  .arlicles  even  to  Kn  |ier  cent.  The  ex]«rts  have  likewise  i i iimen«'l v  incrfawd  in  llie  siime 
linn- :  at  its  oniiiienreuieiit  Ihev  sii"bllv  exreivled  "i.SiXi  tons  .iiinuallv  ;  in  Is41l,  Iho  e\i->rls  amouTili^i  to 
:£I.4J1  tons,  tbe  lalue  of  wbiehh.is  l..<-ii  estimated  at  nl«ut  LViOl,;!!."^'.  slorlin,:.  'Iliis  n^lates  n.erely  to  llie 
irm  ntanufaetiin^s:  of  the  Imiss  and  rojipcT  mannfacliires  were  e\].iirtrd  in  lt^l!^  to  the  vnlne  nf  I  ,K7r.,8i;,"i/. ; 
and  it  rlew-rves  notice,  Ihal  (he  arealest  ]>rn]iirtion  of  these  ?nnijTif;irttires  alMirliil  by  any  eniiiitry  is  that 
annually  imjwrteil  by  Ilindostan — a  counlry  whose  c.irly   n^imtalioti  in  nieliil  man nfatt lire's  is  «  subj.'ct  of 

TTie  system  of  the  manufacture  of  lianlware  in  nimiiagbam  is  (leeulinr,  and  [>resciils  a  strikina  cnntrnsl  to 
that  aili>|>tnl  in  M.'^ncliesler  and  other  l.ir;;e  n inn ii fact uriui;  jilaoes — tbe  o|ieralives  are  tbemfielves  the  nianufar- 
turrn.  Hiring  a  workshop  in  which  Kleam-pi.wer  is  laid  on,  an.l  wliieb  is  s]nTiaIly  filte.1  up  by  llic  mvni-r  of 
tbe  buililini;,  in  wbirh  many  Kuch  workslio|Js  an:  ci'intainc'l,  tlie  nrli/an  jilii^s  his  peeiili.tr  trade,  man  u  fart  ores 
his  .irtiehu,  carries  lliem  home  lo  the  merrliant,  and  receives  the  «cfkly  payment  for  them,  whioh  oimhh^  him 
K.pmnire  fresh  malerinis,  and  iiroco^il  in  the  ensuing  w<«-k  with  his  n-i;iilnr'Lil>iurs.  A  very  l.ir,?'  pmimrlion  i^f 
li-tnlwarn;  is  llins  nmiufacliircl.  Itut  this  svstem  is  not  nniver^d  :  nnrl  rc.;nlar1v-iT<.raniiied  fartories.  emplov- 
a  large  niiml-T  of  worki»>.i|.le.  niid  |'«se=*-in'j  all  the  dislio;;iiisbin-  tc^iliins  "1^  a  -r-'nl  pn-lileilii  •■:     '  ■'  ' 


iiient.  p: 
tl.i«. 


nd  a 


r  tvaoi 


i-arielv  of.-irticles 


iis[*rtion, and  fuller  infoni 


506 


Ci^88  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  26  to  27  ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


rUsiTBD 


1  Hood,  Samuel,  81  Upper  Thames  Street — Proprietor. 
Improved  ventilatiug  stable  stall,  fitted  with  a  cast  and 

wrought  \ron  hay-rack,  and  with  an  enamelled  cast-iron 
manger  and  water-cistern. 

Improved  stench-trap  of  enamelled  cast-iron. 

2  Smallman,  Smith,  &  Co.,  Stourbridge — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  Wyatt's  new  patent  method  of  glazing 
the  surfaces  of  cast-iron  articles,  pimips,  water  pipes, 
cisterns,  &c.,  viz.,  water-pipe  glazed  inside;  and  flanged 
suction-pipe  of  pump. 

Specimens  of  glaze  upon  small  pipe;  upon  a  flat 
surface  of  cast  iron.     Cast-iron  manger,  glazed. 

Specimen  of  fused  glass,  previous  to  being  groimd  and 
mixed  for  use. 

3  Clarke,  G.  R.,  2  Somerset  Place,  Kennington — 

Designer. 
Designs  for  chairs  in  ornamental  iron -work. 


4  Guy,  S. — Producer. 

A  variety  of  horse-shoes. 


4a       Barrow,  — ,  East  Street,  Marylebone — Producer. 
Patent  window-sash. 


5  King,  Charles,  5  Tonhridge  St.,  New  Road,  St.  Pancras 

— Designer. 
Design  for  carriage -gates,  to  be  executed  in  cast-iron; 
and  for  stained  glass  window. 


6  Phillips,  J.  B.,  Battersea  Fields — Designer. 

Design  for  ornamental  iron  gates,  with  suitable  stone 
piers,  for  a  park  entrance. 


7     Stevens,  Henry  Rowe,  Newmarket,  Cambridgeshire — 

Manuifacturer. 

Specimens  of  horse-shoes  for  hunters,  hacks,  racers, 
and  carriage  horses. 

Narrow  hind,  fore,  and  broad  plates  for  race  horses, 
with  thin-soled  feet. 


8  WooDiN,  D.,  28  Shepherd  Street,  White  Horse  Street, 

Piccadilly. 
Patent  shoes  for  horses  or  other  animals,  preventing 
their  slipping  on  wood,  ice,  or  any  other  surface. 

9  Miles,  W. — Producer. 
Various  horse-shoos. 


10    Whitehead,  John,  Oxford  Street,  Manchestei 

Inventor  and  Producer. 
Horse-shoes. 


1 1  Chopping  &  Maund,  370  Oxford  -S^rcrt—Patentees 

and  Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  Rodway^s  improved  patent  concave  horse- 
shoes, to  prevent  slipping  on  turf,  wooden  pavements, 
Ac.     Patent  machine-made,  fullered,  and  seated  horse- 
shoes.    Polished  specimens  of  the  same. 


12  Holmes,  Captain— Producer. 

Improved  horse-shoes. 


13  FooARTY,  James,  Ad  tm  Street  West,  Pryanston  Square. 
Horse-shoes. 


15  HiLLMAN  J.,  4  Leaver's  Buihlings,  Glasshouse  Yard— 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Concave  expansion  horse-shoe. 


16     Cook,  William,  Willesborongh,  Ashford,  Kent-^ 

Manufacturer. 
HorHe-Hhocft  in  general  use. 


17  Plomley,  W.,  Maidstone — Inventor. 
Model  of  an  improved  horse-shoe. 

18  Peirce,  W.,  38  Loyd  Street,  Oreen  Keys,  McaichesUr — 

Inventor  and  Ifanufocturar. 

Registered  letter-copying  machines  or  profloeo;  the  re- 
quired pressure  being  obtained  by  means  of  India-rubber 
or  steel  springs. 

Model  of  a  window  with  registered  sash-fiistener. 

19  Baker,  Edward  Brackstone,  9  WaJhrook — 

Designer  and  Inventor. 
Simple  and  portable  hand-pressure  letter-copying  ma- 
chine, called  a  "  manutype."  The  letter  to  be  copied,  to- 
gether with  a  damped  sheet  or  sheets  of  copying  paper, 
are  rolled  together,  with  the  India-rubber  cloth,  around 
the  gutta-percha  tube,  and  a  very  slight  pressure  of  the 
hand  produces  a  perfect  copy :  the  interior  of  the  tube 
contaiiis  copying  ink,  pens,  and  other  requisites.  Writing 
and  copying  paper  is  rolled  round  the  "  manutype,"  and 
the  whole  is  enclosed  in  a  small  tin  case. 


20  RoTHVEN,  John,  New  Street,  Edinburgh — Inventor 

and  Manu£Eicturer. 
Letter-copying  press,  combining  seal  press  and  letter 
weigher.  Its  advantages  are  simplici^,  power,  and  &cOity, 
in  copying  letters  or  designs;  stampmg,  and  other  useful 
applications.  

23  Syues,  William,  19  Victoria  Road,  PimUoo — Inventor 

and  Patentee. 
Lump-sugar  chopping-machines. 

25  Bartrum  &  Pretyman,  Prick  Hill  Lane,  Upper  Thamet 

Street — Manufacturers. 
Wrought  copper  nails,  roves,  rivets,  and  washers. 

26  Richardson,  Robert,  21  Tunbridge  Place, 

New  Pood — ManufjBcturer. 
Wire  netting,  to  protect  gardens  and  plantations  ftt>m 
hares  and  rabbits;  to  enclose  pheasants  and  fowls;  and  as 
a  fence  against  cats,  dogs,  sheep,  &c. 

27  CooHBES,  Benjamin,  &  Co.,  30  Mark  Lane — 

ManufiEU^urers. 
Fine  twilled  woven  wire. 


29  Walker,  Edward,  6  Cardington  Street,  Euston  Square 

— Manu&cturer. 
Specimens  of  perforated  brass,  respectively  containing 
eight  thousand  one  hundred,  ten  thoiisand,  and  fourteen 
thousand  four  hundred  square  holes  to  the  squaie  inch; 
used  for  drug-grinding,  glass-making,  black-lead  milla^ 
and  all  purposes  where  fine  powder  is  lequirod. 

30  WiLKiNS  k  Weatherly,  29  ff^h  Street,  Wappmg^ 

Manu&cturers. 
Specimens  of  Smith's  patent  galvanised  and  ungal- 
yanized  iron  and  copper  wire  ropes  used  for  railway 
inclines,  various  mining  operations,  including  pit  guides, 
suspension  bridges,  standing  rigging,  li^tniog  con- 
ductors, window  and  conservatory  sauies,  fencing,  and 
sub-marine  telegraphs. 

[Iron  wire  ropes  are  of  equal  strength  with  a  hempen 
rope  of  four  times  the  weight,  and  resist  the  wear  and 
tear  they  are  subjected  to  in  "running  gear"  twice  as 
long.  If  the  surface  of  a  wire-rope  be  left  in  any  part 
unprotected  by  some  coating  impenetrable  to  moisturo, 
the  internal  fibres  become  in  process  of  time  oxidised. 
and  unseen  decay  goes  forward.  Iron  cleaned  by  add  and 
plunged  into  a  bath  containing  melted  sine,  becomes 
coated  with  that  metal,  and  the  parts  left  unzinked  alone 
rust.   Iron  thus  treated  is  said  to  be  "galvanised.** S.  C] 

Part  of  a  bar  of  iron,  rolled  at  Sharp  and  Brown  a 
mills,  Fazeley  Street,  Birmingham,  drawn  into  wire  so 
fine  that  it  has  been  formed  into  a  Prince  of  Walev* 
plume  <»f  feathers. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GBATE8. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  4  P.  3  1 


31  VwB,  HUTBV  HoLToH,  2  Aiulocer  Phwe,  KUbum— 

Doeigner  aud  Manufacturer. 
Impraved  bird-cage. 

32  %vrsR,yi., Surrey C<ma{,Ca«\bermU—'iSaDa!tuAarei. 
Spedmeiia  of  wire  rope,  in  frame.    Specimen  of  wire 

ropa    for    suipeiuion   bridge ;    and    fitted   into    pulley 


wire  ropa  prepared,  for  use.  The  improvement  is  stated 
Ut  conot  m  preventinx  the  wirea  and  Btrands  (ram  being 
twisted  on  themaeWea,  m  the  proceea  of  laying  them  rouud 
cmtre  ooraofhempi  io  giving  an  aqual  tension  to  each  in- 
diTidaal  wire;  and  In  preserving  the  interior  eurfaco  from 
cairodon  by  utunting  the  corea  of  hemp  with  tar,  &c. 

33  Wood*,  W.,  1  Omai  St,,  A^lAwnr*— Hanufocturcr. 
Hooka  and  ejea,  for  military  and  uavo]  uDiforme,  and 

dnfiacy  purpoaei.    Brasa  chaina  fur  lampa  and  Bcalea. 

34  BiBHAKD  k  Bishop,  AVirieA— Manufacturera. 
Ornamental  Gothic  hinge  in  wrought  iron,  with  ivj 

leaf  and  stalk  ■■  a  decontion. 

FourtMD  apacimen*  of  galvanized  iron  wire  netting. 


3a  FwX,THOi.HEN»r,  44  StiBnerSirirt— Manufacturer. 
Omamental  garden  arch  for  training  creepen.  Wire 
llower-ataDda.  Wire  netting  for  aviaries,  &c.,  and  the  ei- 
clnnon  of  game.  Ornamental  bird-cogei.  Flower-tiain- 
«ra.  Wove  wire,  fly-proof,  diah  and  plate  coven.  Braan 
wire  liMiginyi,  fire  guarda.    Brass  and  copper  wire,  and 


3t>  NawaLL,  R.  S.,  &  Co.,  Oatahead,  NtacattU-upoa- 
TyHe — Inventora  and  Manufacturers. 
Sample  of  wire  strand,  used  for  fencing,  signii]  cord,  &c. 
Sample  of  wire  ropes.  Wire  rope  for  suapeitaion  bridges ; 
and  cable  laid  wire  rope.  Wire  rope,  showing  the  modt! 
ft  rplicing.  Patent  wire  ropes  fur  submaritie  tele^rmph; 
hichtning  conductor;  co[ii«r  window  tuwii  eoi-il  and 
pii'ture  cord.  I'atcut  8al  vriru  ropu,  and  gviido  roiio,  f<ir 
>-•  ul  pita,  tic.     Rvpc  which  boa  boon  at  work  cousUutly 

;i7  RrfNOLDS,  JoR.-J,  -Vfic  t'umpbm  Sine'. 

An  oniamcnla]  wire  flower  tabic. 

The  ai.-coDi|ianying  illustration  reproscnts  this  tnbte. 
Tlie  upjier  p«rt  is  suppiirteil  by  three  serpentH  of  wu-o, 
wlJch  unite  to  foni]  the  le^'s  of  the  Uhle. 


38  FliveI/,  SiDNET,  LtamiiujtiM — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Patent  kitcheners  or  cooking  grates. 

39  QREENi.va,  N.,  &  Sosa,  Warruujhn — Manu&cturers. 
Extra   strong  wire-cloth,   wove   by  steam-power,  for 

wheat-screen,  or  drying  kiln  floor  covering  malt-kiln 
floor  nith  only  two  joinings;  for  separating  minerals, 
and  various  other  purposes;  for  rice-polishing  machines, 
&c.;  made  with  flat  warp,  to  increase  its  durability;  for 
dressing  rice,  and  tor  various  other  purposes. 


40  GoBHiE,  TnoHAS,  /'efWr— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Malleable  iron  garden  ohiiir.     Wire-netting,  forexclud- 
ing  hares  and  rahhits  from  gardena  or  fields.     Land  mea- 
suring chains  with  oval  rings. 


41  LiNLEY,  TnoMAB,  A  Sons,  M  Stmlc'i  Street,  Sitffield^ 
Patentees  and  Manufacturers. 
Patent  circular  double-blast  bellows,  in  iron  tmaa, 
complete  and  ready  for  work,  equal  in  power  to  32  long 
shape  bellows,  weight  ISOlbe.  They  stand  in  half  the 
room  tliat  long  beliowa  do ;  effect  a  saving  of  twenty  per 
cent,  in  fuel;  every  ntroke  of  the  lever  produces  a  double 
quantity  and  force  of  blast;  support  a  diflcharging  pipe  of 
double  capacity;  and  iron  and  steel  is  brought  into  a 
state  offusion,  viithout  burning  or  injuring  its  properties, 
in  about  two-thirds  of  the  usual  time. 


42  Ghkb."*,  Adhaham,  27  ipper  Gcoiyt  Street,  Edgewart 

Moml—laveDtor  and  Manufacturer, 

Protective  syphon  cliiiancy -pot,  for  the  cure  of  smoky 

elumueyn ;  intended  to  create  a  draught,  and  provent  the 

wind  blowing  doivu  the  sh:itt.  Applicable  to  any  chimney. 

4:(       DasvatT,  Ja»i;».  X^ji/M  Stm-t,  .^'xalurhmd— 
luveutur  imd  Manuricturer. 
Domestic  mangle,  which  Is  said  to  ponauHs  the  following 
advimtBges: — great  simplicity  of  construction,  not  liable 
to  be  deranged,  power  and  efficiency  in  working,   aud 
diuiitiiahcd  cost. 

4a  liHVUES&SoNs, 


■•/Irfcl,  /i'.J.«4-iiyi — Inventors  and 
AluniiRictiirctn. 

An  index  dial  bell  nith  cii-ht  indicators,  iiioilo  upon  a 
new  and  simple  plan,  by  which  ouc  bell  only  is  i^xiulrud 
for  any  number  of  apai-tmunta. 

A  manifolil  bell-pull,  conxtructed  upon  an  entirely  new 
plan,  by  which  uno  iiull  is  mode  to  ring  liells  in  any 
nunilioi'  of  rooms.  When  the  jiointer  is  placed  oiqtoaite 
to  any  name  on  the  dbd  plate,  and  the  kiiub  pulled  out, 
the  bell  is  then  runj!  in  the  room  indicated. 

An  im|>n>vo(l  circular  telcgra]ili  lioll,  haviiiK  two  dials, 
numlwretl  in  tho  same  luaunur,  by  liiams  of  which  eight 
iliffercnt  clerks  or  workmen  may  bu  called. 

An  air  signal  niuuth-pii«e  and  bell.  By  blowing  Into 
the  miiutli -pieco  the  bell  if  rung,  nt  luiy  diKttuicc  Icmi  than 
1,<HH>feet.  I'hi"  ixiui  iniproveil  nuithixl  r,f  ringing  a  U-ll 
in  places  too  dixtant  or  not  suitvd  for  working  cruuks  and 

A  sin(.'le  voice  tulM  mouth -piece  mid  bell-putl.  Whuii 
.Iniwn  i>ut,  the  tube  i.riliw!  \r  "|K'ncil,  unci  tin-  «i)-iiid  bell 
U-inKru<>t!>  the  athmdunt  inc-.dlml  tuthuothcr  cud  oflha 

A  roviilving  m"uth-pi«M>  forviiice  Iu1k>»,  with  bell-pull 

with  six  or  any  greater  number  of  voire  tiiUw,  aud  at  tho 
Ham,'  tim,-  ui>h  a  sindl.u'  nuu.bcr  of  MU, 

S|™.iincn  of  a  «-lr-cl.=.iitK-valve  nionlh.pi.'c.-  f.T  vuiro 
I  ubo;  and  of  a  H[ning  cuvuiihI  moutli-pieco  tor  loice  tube. 


508 


Class  22.--GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
Ti.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  2r>  TO  27 :  ( ).  9,  &  \\  8  to  29. 


rUs'lTED 


A  bank-safe  lock.  The  peculiarity  of  thin  lock  consists 
in  an  extension  of  the  key  after  it  is  inserted  in  the  lock, 
and  a  secret  connection  between  the  interior  of  the  key 
and  two  of  the  players.  The  two  inclined  planes  on  the 
under  side  of  the  wards  open  or  shut  the  extension  of  the 
key  as  it  passes  over  them ;  the  part  of  the  key  thus 
extended  operates  on  two  players  placed  beyond  the  reach 
of  picklocks,  while,  at  the  same  time,  the  main  part  of 
the  key  works  other  two  players,  which  are  again  operated 
on  by  the  secret  apparatus  in  the  interior  of  the  key. 
This  secret  apparatus  can  be  removed  at  pleasure,  and  the 
proper  key  then  becomes  unfit  to  work  the  lock,  and  all 
skeleton  keys,  however  well  fitted  to  pass  the  wards,  will 
not  operate  on  the  players. 

Specimens  of  drawing-room  and  dining-room  lever  and 
draw-out  bell -pulls  in  ordinary  use  in  Scotland. 

Specimens  of  bells,  mounted  on  brass  caniages,  steel 
springs,  and  steel  pendulums,  with  concealed  attachments 
for  the  wires. 

A  Venetian  blind  with  a  new  spring  roller. 

An  improved  spring  roller  sun  blind,  with  patent  slip 
catch. 

An  improved  spring  barrel  roller  blind,  with  patent 
slip  catch ;  free  from  noise  when  the  blind  is  drawn  down, 
and  allowing  the  barrel  to  be  easily  taken  down  to  bo 
cleaned  or  rejiaired. 

46  Stewart,  CnARLES,  40  Heli  Street,  Edtpeare  Road — 

Manufacturer. 
A  playing  ornamental  fountain. 

51      Edc^  James,  Coalpix>l,  Shropshire — Manufacturer. 

Model  of  apiur  of  pit  frames,  with  barrel  and  flat  chains. 

Wood  and  iron  keyed  flat  chains,  for  pits  of  vai'iou  t 
sizes. 

Improved  straight-sided  round  chain,  for  naval  and 
mining  purposes.     Horn-chain  frames. 

54    Lawrence,  T.  B.  &  J.,  55  Partvimcnt  Street,  and 
10  York  Place f  Jximbeth — Manufacturers. 

British  zinc  ores  and  zinc  first  running  from  the  same. 

British  zinc  in  ingots  as  merchandise. 

Rolled  zinc  in  sheets,  plates,  &c.,  various. 

Perforated  sheet  zinc,  for  safes,  larders,  blinds,  &c. 

Bntish  zinc  nails,  &c. 

British  zinc  in  various  manufactured  articles,  forming 
a  small  assemblage  of  the  applications  of  zinc. 

[The  ease  with  which  zinc  can  be  turned  into  various 
forms,  has  brought  the  application  of  this  metal  into  very 
general  use;  it  is  reduced  into  sheets  from  strips,  by  the 
ordinary  process  of  rolling ;  when  undergoing  the  same  it 
is  heated,  but  not  to  a  high  temperature ;  in  soldering,  the 
seam  is  touched  with  muriatic  acid  (spirit  of  salt)  on  the 
part  to  be  united.  Zinc  may  be  drawn  into  tubes,  &c., 
with  facility,  and  stamped  into  various  shapes. — W.C.  A.] 

A  warming-bath,  with  iron  grate  and  chimney  pillars, 
and  chamber  for  shower-bath,  with  brass  force  for  repe- 
tition. 

A  lady's  shower-bath,  with  hip-bath  and  force-pump. 

Antitjue  bath,  in  imitation  of  marble. 

Knee-bath,  with  tube  to  vary  temperature. 

Hip-bath.  Foot-bath,  with  rest  and  soap -dish.  Spong- 
ing-bath.     Foot-bath  and  can,  ja|)anncd. 

Coal-skuttle  of  British  zinc,  wiiich  has  been  in  use  2ii 
years. 

Toilet  pail  and  can.  Coal -holding  vessels.  Closet  pail 
with  balance  l>nj4in.  leo  jwiil,  with  moveable  jwrforated 
shelves. 

Drawn  lengths  of  rain-pipe.  Drawn  lengths  of  rain- 
shutes  or  gutters,  cornices,  &c. 

Angles  of  connection.  Cistern  heads,  or  snow-boxes, 
various.     Shoes  for  the  same,  various. 

Drawn  lengths  of  zinc  tubing,  for  bell-hanging,  con- 
ducting water,  sound,  &c.  Drawn  lengths  of  zinc  window^- 
bar. 

Sjiecimen-*  of  zinc  plate  ongravin.^ 


[A  few  years  ago  an  attempt  was  made  to  Babsiitnto  a 
zinc  plate  for  the  lithographic  stone.  The  exporiment, 
can  scarcely  be  characterized  as  a  successful  one:  the  pro- 
cess of  drawing  the  designer's  subject  was  identical  with 
lithography,  as  also  the  preparation  of  the  plate  for 
printing.— W.  C.  A.] 

Vases  in  imitation  of  choice  marble,  with  rare  plants, 
as  Wartl's  cases. 

Lemon-shi4)ed  domes  of  bronaed  zinc  bar. 

Pedestals  of  white  zinc,  for  the  same. 

Ward's  cases  containing  suitable  plants. 

Ai^gonaut  shell,  suspended  with  gold  wire,  in  engraved 
vase,  a  fac-simile  of  one  in  the  possession  of  Her  Majesty, 
with  a  rare  plant  in  it. 

Silver-gilt  snuff-box  with  inscription. 

55         Treggon,  H.  &  W.,  22  Jewm  Street,  and  57 
Graci'chtwch  Street — ^Iklanufiwturers. 

Zinc  window-blinds,  perforated  on  one  pieoe  of  metal, 
with  varied  designs. 

Specimens  of  ornamental  zinc  mouldings,  cornice,  gut- 
ters, &c. 

Patterns  of  drawn  and  moulded  zinc  bars,  of  metal 
wishes.  &c. 

5()       Savage,  Uodert  Watson,  15  St.  Jameia  Square — 

Inventor. 

Springs  for  all  descriptions  of  doors.  Bedstead  fur 
invtdids. 

Alarum  bediitoad,  causing  a  person  to  arise  at  any 
given  hour.  

57   Smith,  Thomas,  1  Lordship  Place,  Lawrence  Street, 

Chelsea — Inventor. 
Portable  folding  wrought-iron  bedstead. 


58  Tonkin,  James,  315  Orfotxl  Street — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Omamentod  iron  bedstead,  of  the  Italian  order,  with 
registered  spring  lath  bottom.  This  bedstead  is  repre- 
sented in  the  annexed  cut  (p.  599),  which  exhibits  the 
ornamental  character  of  the  bedstead,  and  the  spring 
lath  bottom.  

59  Cottam,  Edward,  2  Winslcy  Street,  Oxford  Street — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
The  rheiocline,  or  patent  spring  bedstead,  exhibiting 
an  improved  form  of  spring  mattress. 

<)0    Steele,  W.  &  J.,  61  George  Street,  Edinlmrgh— 
Inventors,  Manufacturers,  and  Patentees. 
Kitchen-range,  including  apparatus  for  ^^*f^til^g  water 
for  a  bath. 

GOa     Perry,  E.,  Wokerhampton — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  iron  and  tin  ore;  common  and  refined 
pig  iron ;  bar  and  sheet  iron;  bar  and  sheet  iron  prepared 
for  tinning;  block  tin;  and  tin  plates. 

Strong  tin  ware: — Basting  ladles;  coffee  boilers  and 
I>ots;  cullenders,  fish  kettles;  saucepans,  and  pans  for 
milk;  skimmers;  slices;  soup  ladles  and  tureens;  stew- 
l>ans ;  and  tea-kettles,  with  and  without  stands. 

Planished  tin  ware: — Bed-airer;  bonnets;  biscuit  pans; 
caff5ti6rcs;  candlesticks;  canisters;  oval  cheese  steamer 
and  toastei's;  chocolate  pots  and  mill;  coffee  biggins, 
boilers,  filterers,  and  \w\a  ;  covers  for  plates  and  dishes ; 
^V^  lK>achcrs,  codlei-s,  and  ladles;  Etnas,  for  boiling 
water;  fish-knife;  flour-boxes;  graters;  hot-water  dishes 
and  plate;  inhaler;  pepper-boxes;  slices;  strainers,  for 
milk,  gra\7^,  and  gruel;  moulds;  tea  extractors,  kettles, 
and  ]>ots;  warmers,  for  carriage,  for  feet,  and  for  stomach; 
wicker  plate-baskets;  wine  mullers  and  strainer. 

Japanned  ware: — baths;  bread  and  cake  baskets;  boiler 
fillei*8;  bonnet  boxes;  liotanical  boxes;  candle  bi>xcs  and 
safes;  candlesticks;  canisters,  round  and  square;  cash- 
boxes;  cheese  trays;  cigar  trays;  coal  Bcoojie,  shovels,  ami 
vnHfs;  date  casi^s :  drt'ssing  cases;  ewers  and  basins;  fin* 


i«crBen;gimpowdercaiiiirter;  h.Tuiugtninipet;  !  Bimffer  tniyB;  augnr-bnicB;  tnblea;  tea  eaAdiet,;  toBst 
jnpi;  knife  tmys  ;  liun]ta  ;  Inntenui;  leg  hntli;  |  mckn;  toilette  netii;  tmya;  iimbrelln  hIiukIr;  vegetable 
s;  uiuic  BtBnd;  niireery  Innipg;  plnte  camem  |  wsnneni;  ventilators;  waJtoi-B;  (rater  cana;  wu  boxes; 
en ;   nudwioh  and  apice  boxes ;   apittoone ;  j  and  writing  boies. 


r¥  ft  JiHES,  IT'i/otK—  ManiiKictiircre.  I  Siunplea  of  wrought  iron  gaa 

Pkfant  iron  bodirtewlH.  cuiwintiiu;  iif  French  half-ti'Ktor     "na  of  thene  bcdnteiviii  ie  shown  in  tlie  cut,  in  wliVh  iln 
»->il  tent   Iwdflteaila,     Cliild'a  eol   iu  imn  mii!   in  hnuw.  \  lightneas  and  simplicity  are  n)preBant4^. 


goo- 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


"^  United 


65  Hill,  Edward,  &  Co.,  Bdivrley  Hill  Iron  Works, 

near  Dudley — Manufacturers. 

Ptttent  four-post  iron  bedstead,  with  pillam  of  taper 
iron  tubing,  &c.,  japanned  fancy  bead  and  foot-rails;  and 
the  parts  united  by  ornamental  castings. 

Patent  half-tester  bedstead,  with  foot-rail,  pillars  of 
taper  iron  tubing,  &c.,  fancyjapanned  and  brass  mounted. 

Patent  French  bedstead,  of  solid  iron,  with  femcy  bead 
and  foot-rails;  and  the  parts  united  by  ornament  iron 
castings. 

Child's  cot,  of  solid  iron,  with  patent  improvements, 
japanned  blue,  with  brass  top. 

Patent  half-tester  cot,  of  solid  faron,  with  patent  im- 
provements and  registered  safety  sides,  japanned  bamboo. 

All  the  parts  fit  accurately  and  can  be  put  up  and  taken 
down  by  one  person,  without  tools,  being  put  together 
with  patent  dovetail  joints,  and  fitted  with  patent  iron 
lath  bottoms. 

66  Shoolbred,  Loveridoe,  &  Shoolbred,  Wolver- 

hampton — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Papier  machd  trays,  in  various  styles.  Coal  vase,  and 
scoops. 

Shower-bath.  Windsor  hip-bath.  Sponge-bath,  with 
various  ornaments  and  improvements.  Nursery  hand 
shower-bath. 

Beart's  patent  coffee-pot,  electro-plated  on  tin. 

[The  principle  of  pneumatic  pressure  is  Involved  in  the 
operation  of  this  utensil :  the  upper  portion  of  the  pot 
may  be  considered  a  cylinder,  in  which  moves  the  coffee- 
holder,  which  consists  of  a  piece  of  cloth  strained  over 
what  may  be  called  a  piston,  the  action  of  raising  which, 
produces  a  partial  vacuum,  and  the  coffee  is  strained  by 
passing  through  the  sieve-like  material  of  which  the 
piston  is  composed,  by  atmospheric  pressure. — ^W.  C.  A.] 

Sets  of  toilet-ware.  Wine-cooler.  Dish-covers.  Tea- 
pots, coffee-pots,  and  tea-kettles.  Cash,  deed,  and 
writing  boxes. 

Date-dials  for  libraries,  counting-houses,  &c. 


67  Johnson,  Edward,  160  Piccadilly — Manufitcturer. 

Iron  folding  hinged  bedsteads,  with  brass  hinges  and 
legs ;  with  pole,  having  a  ring  at  the  top  from  which  the 
curtains  and  drapery  are  suspended,  capable  of  being 
packed  in  a  small  waterproof  valise. 

68  Whitfield,  James  Alexander,  Pclaw  Staith, 

near  Gateshead — Inventor. 

Improved  grappling  or  dredging-iron,  for  drawing  from 
the  water  the  bodies  of  persons  apparently  drowned. 

The  improvement  consists  in  its  passing  over  four  times 
the  space  which  the  present  irons  pass  over,  and  in  the 
same  time.  In  case  of  the  hooks  fastening  at  the  bottom 
of  the  river  they  will  straighten.  The  hanging-chain  with 
the  hooks  will  detect  a  body  lying  behind  a  rock  or  large 
stone.  Made  to  take  into  pieces,  so  that  it  can  be  easily 
repaired. 

69  Walton  &  Co.,  Wolverhampton — Manufacturers. 
Coal  vase  and  scoop;  enamelled  foot-bath,  pail,  and 

sponging  and  milk -cans;  block -tin  dish  covers;  bronzed 
kettles  and  stands. 


74  Stirk,  J.,  Salop  Street y  Wolverhampton — 

Manufacturer. 
Engineers'  anvil,  tinmen's  anvil,  and  smiths'  vice. 


75 


Wood,  George,  Thomas,  William,  &  Henrt, 
Stowbridye — Bianufacturers. 
Wrought-iron  anvil  and  vice,  for  smith's  forge. 
Spades  and  shovels.     Scythes  and  hay  knife. 
Grafting  and  draining  tools.     Pick.     Frying-pan. 
Link  chains  used  in  rigging  of  vessels,  cables,   and 
inclined    planes.      Swivel,    used   in  chains,    to  prevent 
twiatiug.    Shackle,  used  to  unite  pieces  of  chain  t<^ether. 


Anchors.     Card  of  nails. 

Screw  jack,  for  lifting  wagons,  boilers,  and  weights. 
Model: — Winch  fori&ips.     Windlass  for  lifting  cabfes, 
and  steering  barrel  for  vessels. 

76        Keep  &  Watkin,  Foster^s  Works,  Stourbridge— 

Bianufacturers. 

Spades  and  shovels  used  in  the  various  counties  of  the 
United  Kingdom,  and  in  the  colonies. 

Set  of  improved  cast-steel  draining  tools. 

Roimd  and  oval  frying-pans.  Olaziers,'  foundry,  and 
cooks'  ladles,  and  tinned  iron  band-bowls.  Crown  and 
patent  garden,  bramble,  and  grass  scythes;  and  hay, 
chaff',  and  thatchers*  knives. 

Specimens  of  crane  and  coal  chain. 

Horse  nails.     Counter  clout  nails  and  coopen'  rivets. 

Various  anvils.     Coopers'  beak  iron  and  smiths'  anvils. 

Bright,  staple,  improved  solid  worm,  screw  box, 
vice,  &c. 

Best  faggoted  axle  arm  moulds,  for  carts  and  wagons. 

Plough-share,  beam,  and  coulter  moulds,  for  foreign 
Knd  home  markets. 


82  Handtsidb,  Andrew,  Britannia  Foundry,  Derby — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Cast-iron  fountain  and  vases,  one  a  co^y  of  the  ''  War- 
wick vase." 

An  ornamental  cast-iron  vase,  bronzed.  (Placed  in  the 
Main  Avenue  West.)  This  vase  is  represented  in  the 
accompanying  Plate  60. 

Two  cast-iron  vases,  from  the  Medici  vase. 

Two  Bacchanalian  vases,  from  the  antique. 

Two  antique  vases  with  scrolls. 

83  The  Bowling  Iron  Company,  Bradford,  Yorkshire 

— Producers  and  Manu&ctiu^rs. 

1.  Iron  ore,  as  raised  from  the  ground. 

2.  Iron  ore,  calcined,  ready  for  the  furnace. 

3.  Best  coal,  for  smelting  the  said  ore. 

4.  Coke,  produced  from  the  same  coal. 

5.  Pig  metal,  produced  from  the  same  ore.  No.  1, 
No.  2,  and  No.  3. 

6.  Refined  iron,  from  said  pig  metal. 

7.  Stamjungs  from  refined  iron  No.  6,  puddled. 

8.  Railway  wheel -tires,  produced  from  No.  7. 
9    Railway  wheel  tire,  bent  cold. 

10.  Railway  axles,  bent  cold. 

11.  Samples  of  puddled  iron,  rolled  and  punched  in 
different  forms. 

12.  Round  iron,  tied  in  knots  cold. 

13.  Marine  boilers,  flue  iron. 

14.  Cuttings  from  boiler  plates. 


84  Bateman,  James,  Polling  and  Wire  Mills,  Low  Moor, 
near  Bradford,  Yorkshire, 

Bloom  of  iron  H.  C,  produced  at  East  Riee,  Norway, 
and  generally  used  for  wire  for  cards,  and  other  pur- 
poses, where  great  toughness  and  strength  are  required. 

Billet  and  wire  rod  rolled  from  the  same. 

Nos.  6,  9,  12,  and  19,  wire  drawn  from  the  same. 
Rolled  into  rods  and  drawn  into  wire  by  the  exhibitor. 

Various  sizes  of  wire,  from  No.  24  to  No.  38  wires' 
gauge,  drawn  from  the  same. 

Various  patterns  of  cards  manufactured  with  the  same 
wire  by  Daniel  Bateman  &  Sons. 

[The  origin  of  the  term  "bloom"  is  not  very  evident; 
certain  it  is,  that  the  most  ancient  iron-works  in  this 
country  were  called  **bloomarie8,"  or  "bloom-smithies." 
Blooms  are  lumi>s  of  iron,  and  are  produced  in  such  a 
way  as  to  ensure  great  toughness.  Such  as  the  one 
exhibited  are  usually  formed  by  melting  slags  in  fur- 
naces at  such  a  moderated  heat  that  time  is  allowed  for 
the  metal  to  separate  from  the  silicious  matter  which 
contains  the  impurities,  which  then  runs  down  into  a 
basin,  where  all  the  particles  get  agglutinated  and  form 
a  pasty  mass,  which  is  removed  by  a  hooked  pole  in 


i^ 

^fe^^^q=^^fe^=^ 

1 

'  ■ 

H^iWi 

i 

h        ^fe 

Kixr.DOM.", 


IN'CLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  ().  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


noi 


order  to  be  foi^ged  ;  the  formation  of  each  bloom  of 
malleable  iron  requiring  a  period  of  from  three  to  four 
houn  for  its  production. — R.  H.] 

85   HiRD,  Dawson,  &  Hardy,  Low  Moor  Iron  Works, 
linylftjnl — Producers  and  llanufacturers. 

HineraLs  from  the  Low  Moor  Company's  mines,  near 
Bradfocd.  Black  ironstone,  an  argillaceous  iron  ore, 
yielding  28  per  oent.  of  pig  iron.  Requires  a  limestone 
flux.  Black  bed  ooal,  found  iumiediately  imder  the  iron- 
stooe,  about  28  inches  thick.  Better  bed  coal,  found  40 
yards  below  the  former,  about  22  inches  ihic^  Speci- 
nietu  of  Low  Moor  pig  iron,  and  of  wrought  iron  in 
various  ahapes;  some  tested  by  tension  and  otherwise. 

Ten-inch  gun  of  9  feet  4  inches,  weighing  85  cwt.,  used 
with  hollow  shot,  shells,  gru{>e,  and  canister  shot.  The 
charge  of  powder  is  12  lbs.,  and  reduced  charges  are  used 
for  short-range  shells.  When  fired  with  a  hollow  shot  of 
^4  lbs.,  and  an  elevation  of  5^,  this  gun  has  a  range  of 
1.7(jO  3ruds.  Mounted  on  a  carriage  (made  by  Messrs. 
C.  A.  &  F.  Fei^uson,  Mast  House,  Mill  Wall,  London) 
«ith  slide  and  ^purtenances,  with  improvements  to  facili- 
tate the  working  and  training,  and  checking  the  recoil,  of 
heavy  guns.  Thirty -two  pound  gun,  of  6  feet,  weiglung 
2u  cwt.,  used  with  solid  shot,  shells,  grape,  and  canister 
Hhot.  The  chaivee  of  powder  vary  from  2^  to  4  lbs. 
With  a  chai^  of  4lbs.,  and  fired  at  an  elevation  of  5°, 
the  range  is  1,5(H)  yards.  Mounted  on  a  similar  carriage, 
fur  broadside  and  quarter-deck  purposes. 

Sugar-cane  mill.  Cylinders  or  crusliing  rolls,  24  inches 
«liameter  by  48  inches  in  length,  to  be  driven  by  steam 
or  water-power.  Olive  mill.  Cylinders  or  crushing  rolls, 
lo  inches  in  diameter,  by  20  inches  in  length  ;  to  be 
driven  by  cattle,  steam,  or  water  {M>wer. 

Wilson's  elliptograph,  for  drawing  ellipses  of  any  pro- 
portion from  a  straight  line  to  a  circle. 

8rt     Ellis,  Wiluam,  136  Iligh  Street,  hie  of  Wight— 

Manufacturer. 
Kitchen-range,  and  hot-plate  over  oven  for  roosting, 
b^iilin;;:,  baking,  an<l  stewing,   heated  by  one  fire.     Boiler 
titt*"*!  to  the  8HUie,  for  heating  steiuu-kettlert,  steam -closet, 
:in<i  baiths. 

S7  XiCHoLBON,  William  Newzam,  Xt'imrh-on- Trent — 

Invents )r  and  Manufacturer. 

A  cuttxiire  cookiii^-^iito,  with  iiiiproveiuentH,  registered 
by  the  exhibitor,  un<ler  the  patent  <»f  John  Leslie,  of 
L'>ndi>u.  Tlie  impn^venientrt  clainuMl  eonsi.st  of  a  fire- 
>»rick  lining,  an  iniprov»Ml  fnnn  of  fire  and  ninge,  which 
rt.tiiiii.**  the  fuel  till  all  in  c<>nsnni«'d,  luid  (*li<les  in  grooves 
-»  that  the  reuuiiiw  of  a  tiro  ctui  be  cleared  out  in  an 
in.'<t3int. 

A  c«>ttatre  chamber  gnite,  with  rtimilju*  improvements. 

C'lttage  nuige  for  fiinn  kitchens,  or  other  lai-ge  esta. 
Mi-ihrnents,  with  .-^imiliu*  registered  improvcmentd;  and  a 
-jirtt-iou-*  oven,  hot-water  boiler,  Htciuning  clorfet,  and 
w.inn  clo-*et,  all  heatetl  from  a  fii*e  of  nunlerate  8ize. 

A  C"H. king  gr.it*'  for  cottjige^  and  emigrants,  complete 
without  -letting,  with  oven  and  cajnicious  boiler,  the  upper 
-urf-tce  fonning  a  hot  plate  or  ironing  stove. 

A  cottagers'  co<.>king-gi";ite,  with  oven. 

.\.  i'«H)king- range  for  large  establisliments,  forming  a 
c«>niplrte  stove  for  rojisting,  baking,  boiling,  &c. 

A  irr.ito  suitable  for  dining-rooms,  cxhil>iting  a  new 
C'»Tn^:nati«»n  of  c«»loiir  with  steel  or  iron-work. 

Threi-lik'ht  bnicket  f«^r  gas,  made  of  iron,  with  a 
fir.irf**  burtirr. 

Mftliiival  briicket  for  lights  ft>r  a  baronial  hall,  m;um- 
fu  t'irt"«l  of  ip>n  an<l  p<»lislie(l. 

.'^iiv^imen.-  of  decorative  wi>rk  in  wrought  and  ca.st- 
in-n  ojnibined. 


*»<  <"ou.iNS.  John,  Lromin-trr,  JIi;rjunl>hirc—ln\kintor. 

M'-b-l-  "f  i«i»t<'rit  inventions,  &c.:— Stove  f«»r  warming 
*nd  \ ♦•ntil.it inn  buil«lin;;s. 

St4»\e  grate  for  \\arming  and  \<'ntil:iting  rooms,  &o. 
Kiln  for  drying  malt,  h«»iM,  and  other  Mubstances. 


Machine  for  separating  the  parts  of  hops. 
Structure  for  the  better  management  of  farm-yard 
manure. 

89        DcJLBT,  John,  Northampton — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Registered  self-acting  efiluvia-trap. 
Patent  cooking-stove. 


90  Shavb,  W.  J.,  74  Watling  Street,  Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Patent  oven,  for  baking  bread,  pastry,  meats,  &c. 
Rrhibitod  for  economy  of  fuel  and  time. 

91  Sharp,  James,  Southampton— InreatoT  and 

ManufBMsturer. 

Apparatus  for  cooking  by  gas  a  dinner  for  one  hundred 
persons. 

[Dr.  Clayton,  in  1739,  boiled  eggs  by  means  of  gas; 
Mr.  Murdoch,  in  1792,  boiled  and  fried  meat  by  gas; 
and  in  1824  a  gas  cooking  stove  was  in  use  at  the  Etna 
Iron  Works,  near  Liverpool. — S.  C] 


92  Kerslare,  Thobcas,  Exeter — ManuffK;turer. 
Registered    boiler  for    heating    churches,    mansions, 

manufactories,  &c. 

93  Halstead,  Charles  &  Sons,  Chichester,  Sussex — 

Manufacturers. 

Kitchen-range,  with  mantelpiece,  combining  all  the 
conveniences  of  a  close  range,  with  a  large  open  roasting 
fire,  lai^e  oven  and  hot  plate,  and  good  supply  of  hot 
water.  

94  Keene;,  W.,  42  Conihill,  and  19  Harpttr  Street, 

Bloomsbury — Inventor. 

Registered  conducting  leaf  stove,  adapted  for  heating 
large  apartments  in  houses  exposed  to  a  north-eastern 
aspect.  The  difficulty  of  heating  large  rooms  to  a  com- 
foi-tiiblo  teuijwrature,  in  the  dejith  of  winter,  led  to  the 
invention  of  the  stove  exhibited.  In  an  apiirtment  almost 
insensible  to  the  action  of  the  ordinarj'  fire-place,  and  in 
which  the  thermometer  indiaited  bu^^a  feeble  tendency 
to  rise  two  houra  after  fire-lighting,  it  was  aflfocted  to 
the  extent  of  20  degrees  in  little  more  tlum  as  many 
minutes  after  lighting  a  fire  in  the  leaf  stove.  The  sen- 
sitiveness of  the  leaves  to  the  diffusion  of  heat  is  so  great 
that  the  combustion  of  a  few  shavings  or  a  little  i)!i|>er  in 
the  fire-place  is  immediately  juid  sensibly  felt  in  the 
ajmrtment.  Such  a  result,  obtained  not  only  without 
any  sacrifice  of,  but  in  a«ldition  to,  the  comfort  of  an 
ojHjn  fire  in  the  onlinary  fire-plivco,  cleai'ly  demonstrates 
the  value  of  the  heat  which  we  jHjnnit  to  pass  up  the 
chimney.  By  the  leaf  stove  it  is  rendereil  available,  and 
msule  to  circulate  in  the  apartment,  or  may  be  shut  off  at 
will. 

The  conducting  leaf  stove  is  fonned  of  i)lates  of  metal 
so  plitced  that  e;icli  <»ne  is  a  conducting  leaf,  a  iM)rtion  of 
which  g«H*rt  down,  aw  it  were,  into  contact  with  the  fire, 
and  is  exiH)sed  to  the  direct  jution  of  the  heat.  Tho 
heat  thus  ivceived  is  r.ipidly  (listrilmtcHl  over  the  whole 
siu-face  of  the  leaf.  When  it  is  desiix'd  to  tiike  a<lvantage 
of  the  heat  connnunic:ite<l  by  conduction,  it  is  only 
nee<lful  to  set  the  valves  ojHjn,  and  permit  the  air  to 
circtilate  aroimd  the  loaves;  by  closing  the  valves,  the 
circulation  is  snj>presse<l  or  mi>ililied  at  pleasure.  The 
rapidity  of  the  c«»ndiution  of  the  heat  pivvents  the  metal 
attaining  a  high  tirmiK'nitm-e.  The  principle  of  this  stove 
is  to  diti'us«'  a  large  volume  of  air  at  a  genial  temjH?rature 
by  tlu^  combicting  jMnver  of  extensive  sm-fiwes.  In  onli- 
naiT  stoves,  m:is-»«'s  of  metal  heat  small  volumes  of  air 
to  a  high  tt-miK'nitiire,  by  whirh  it  is  rt-ndered  unwhole- 
some. This  stove  an«l  its  interior  construction  are  shown 
in  the  next  \Kvji\ 

Th»'  i»rin«i|'l»'  of  the  crmdiuting  leaves  can  Ih»  applicil 
in  a  givat    variety  of  forms,    and   to  the  construction  of 


r,.  M.  \ 


— (iEXEHAL  HAHDWAllE, 
'.  :;i),  &  -^r,  to  27  ;  <>.  9.  &  1',  3  t. 


ny  Hizo,  6ir  ln'al.iiift  Tiinlibiili-,  li.apitiil  rrunh 
chuTchee,  (ldiI  jniblic  hlUlilmi,v  genomlly   nnd   ca 
kfjit  K'liliin  tlielimitaneeilfiil  for  the  invnlitl  hed- 
or  amalliiRt  aportniGnt. 

Fie.  1. 


FiBTH,  TilOMA!).  AVm  street,  11,-lf.. 
I'nipriotor. 
ItoKuttTdd  mnHol   tii-L-lHix,  with  hntlow  fin;  1i 

ii";i.i.Kithorfv 
Stfo  also  L  liLJii  5,  No.  *7i,  wth  i-i 


witli  hi 


Itii'ImtiiiK  liull 


il8      BkNUAM  k  EuNH.  1!  .. 

Osfiini  iMaHtinc  nuiKu  with  mlintiiig 

Improved  Uiford  riiup  with  iituii.  t-'itl.nl  nlwi  with 
omoltc  jiuk,  will)  iloiiMf  niiti<i<k  ui'>voiiiuiit.  cli^iiiix. 
CRullv,  i>iiit,   iH-vf  aiul  iiiiitt-'U.     ^.Si-v' tbviumoxoduiit.) 


KiKUDOX. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  it  25  to  27 ;  ().  9,  Sc  T.  3  to  21>. 


003 


Alflo  with  hut-plate  and  broiling  stove,  with  oven  for 
fnutry,  ftc.y  to  l>e  heated  by  one  fire  ;  moveable  gridiron, 
Ike;  charcoal  stovea;  steain-table  for  dishing  up;  hot 
clodet  with  folding  dooni,  to  be  heated  by  Htcani  or  hot 
water ;  large  oven  and  furnace  with  cloaet  above ;  bain- 
Marie  pan  for  keeping  gra\'ieH  and  sauces  hot ;  vegetable 
Kteaiuer  and  trays;  steam-kettles,  copper  brazing-pan,  fish- 
kettle,  stock-pot,  and  stew-pans. 

Copper  wann-bath,  with  cocks  and  lever  handles. 

Cupper  sus^iending  shower-bath.  Portable  warm  bath. 
Cottijgier^s  stove.  Shrapnel's  new  system  of  bell-hang- 
ing, without  wires  or  cranks.     Stove-grates. 


99  Gbrooby,  T. — Producer. 

Dining-room  fire-screen. 

too  CoULlEB,  Son,  k  Snowden,  10  Foster  St.,  Bishopsgatt 
Street — Patentees  and  Inventors. 

Pifttent  porcelain  enamelled  coffee- roasting  cylinder, 
thickly  lined  inside  to  prevent  the  possibility  of  scorching 
or  charring  the  coffee  during  roasting,  and  prevents  the 
berry  frum  imbibing  that  metallic  or  vaporous  flavour,  so 
much  complained  of  in  coffee  roasted  in  the  ordinal^ 
uommon  iron  cylinders.  The  metal  of  which  these 
cyiindera  are  compt^sed  is  altogether  different  to  any 
hitherto  employed  for  that  purpose. 

The  wire  cylinder  is  used  for  purifying  or  cleansing 
coffiM  that  has  imbibed  offensive  flavours  during  im- 
portation. It  ia  likewise  applied  for  cooling  coffee  after 
roaatnig,  by  the  introduction  of  atmospheric  air;  it  in 
cooleil  fai  a  few  minutes,  and  ma}'  be  packed  for  any 
diiitanoe,  without  the  essential  oil  starting  from  the 
berry,  by  what  is  generally  knoun  in  the  trade  by  the 
term  awaiting. 


101 


JoUJfg  59  Omnhiit  Street — Inventor, 
Ptttentee,  and  Manufiicturer. 

Patent  fire-lMridk  grate  for  drawing-rooms.  The  back, 
bottom  and  aidea  are  of  fire-brick,  &c.,  the  only  adniis- 
f*ion  of  air  being  in  front,  a  more  effective  combtiHtion  of 
the  fuel  is  accomplished,  whereby  j^iv^\ter  heat  luiliutey 
into  the  room  with  a  saving  of  "lO  per  cent,  of  co.-iIh. 
(.-«>kc,  or  wood. 

Patent  fire  brick  dining-room  or  librarv  grates,  bed 
fi^im  gnteai,  labourers*  cottage  giiites,  and  oven,  boiler, 
.Old  steaming  apparatus  for  cooking  pur|K>seH. 

I'atent  domestic  ga** purifying  a]ii)aratus,  wheroby  gioat 
sanitary  and  economic  reriult<<  are  obtaine<l  in  the  ct>ui- 
bu!<tion  of  gas.  Patent  g.is  regulating  upiuuntuH,  to 
t^jiudiiM  the  flow  of  gas. 

Patent  2»-tubo  g-.w  bumei*H,  with  gloMS  comburitioii 
( luuulwrs,  graduated  for  given  quaiititia-t  of  gas,  whereby 
thr  lar^cMt  amount  of  light  of  which  the  gas  is  diiHceptible 
i.-  produced  without  changing  the  burner. 


1  \  i2       Sn'ART  &  Smitu,  Sheffield — Manufactm-ei-s. 

SjiOfiiuenii  of  Sylvester*?  j»atent  grates,  exhibited  for 
!»'jvelty  of  principle,  design,  suid  workniaiwhip. 

I*at4.iit  register  grate,  with  a  revolving  canopy;  on  a 
new  principle. 

The  mantelpieces  niiumf:icturc<l  by  Mcrie»n*.  Nelson,' of 
C-^rlii*l«*, 

FeiHliTM,  fire-in »ns,  Ike,  exhibited  a*<  HjKJcimens  of 
design)  and  workniani<hip. 

Ascending  and  tUtsceuding  air  Htove.*»,  Huitablo  for 
«.'ntrance  hallrf,  &c. 

Tlir>v  miniatiin^  ftcam-eriirini's,  in  bi-a^s,  complete ; 
uorki-^l  lM»th  by  Ht«':uii  Jind  cl«»ck  work.  The  Inrgerft 
»4-iu:h*i  "Jj  ouiice.M,  the  second  only  |  of  an  <»unce,  and  the 
-ujailest  J  of  an  ounce.     Miulo  by  W.  Hiiif*t,  Shetlield. 


l<,lj     KvANi*,  JuiKMIAII,  SoN,  &,  Co..  .'{;'.  h'tn;/  WiiUtin 
Stnrt,  Lotul'tt  />/i«///«^ -Manufacturers, 
Buminhe*!  uttvl  <lrawing-room  re^i.-'ter  sto\f,   fcn«ler, 
.'tinl    fin*   imi>lemeut«<    m   tmitc,    m«)unted    with  or-iuolu 
'•mamentn. 


A  kitchen-iungo,  with  two  wrought  iron  boilei-s  (for 
steam  and  hot  water),  the  hobs  and  fronts  polished,  the 
hitter  fitted  with  IV^rlin  black  })annels;  the  biu*H  tu« 
bright,  vertical,  and  miule  to  o()cn  after  the  manner  of 
a  giite,  with  two  winding  cheeks  and  trovets,  made  to 
work  in  an  improved  numner. 

A  bi*oiling-plate,  with  loose  ling  tojw,  made  to  cor- 
respond in  style  with  the  range. 

A  steam  hot-closet,  with  ct>p|)er  shelves,  with  double 
doors,  finished  in  mune  stylo  as  range  ;  co2)|)er  steam- 
kettles,  stewx>ans,  &c. 

A  complete  double  oven,  with  dead  sprung  fronts, 
bold  0  Q  mouldings,  sliding  |)annel  doors;  also  made  to 
correspond  with  range. 

A  smoke-j]Vck,  with  double  out«ido  mavemont  and 
dangles,  adapted  to  turn  six  spits,  or  more. 

A  highly- finished  wann-jvir  stove,  bhick  |>olished,  with 
mermaid  ornaments  at  the  comera,  nshcs-grate  and 
fender,  adapte<l  for  the  state  cabin  of  a  ship. 

A  classic  bronzed  [>edestal  lamp,  adapted  for  an  en- 
trance hall,  with  three  patent  Argand  burners  and 
gliisses. 

A  bronzed  trophy  or  shield,  with  bro-ss  ornaments, 
sword,  sword-belt,  &c. 

Brass  and  black  dogs  for  wood  fires. 

Improved  kitchener;  or  cooking  apparatus,  so  ai'- 
ranged  as  to  form  either  im  Qven  or  close  fii'e,  with  a 
large  roasting  oven,  wi'ought  iron  boiler,  &c. 

A  black  register  stove,  in  the  Elizabethan  style,  with 
fire-brick  back,  fender  and  fii*e  furniture  t4i  coiTesinind. 

A  dead-sprung  register  stove,  with  canopy  of  Italian 
bronze,  lizard  ornaments,  bright  bars,  &c. 


10-i  Morton,  J.,  :i2  h'l/re  Street,  Shrfficld— 

Manufacturer. 
A  c<ist-inm   tiible,  with  marble  ti»p,  and  an  or-molu 
fender.     Berlin  tmd  bronze  fenders. 


105       LoNODKN  &  Co.,  .?At;^t7*/— Designers  juid 

Maumfacturoi's. 

Cooking  apparatiw,  adapted  for  an  opening  eight  feet 
wide,  by  five  teot  high,  and  eontviniug  an  open-lire  rosint 
iug  range,  with  sliding  Hpit-r.icks  and  winding  cheek  ()r 
niggaixl;  a  WTought-iron  boiler,  holding  thiily  pill«»n>. 
prepai'ed  for  supplying  hot  water  to  an  upi>er  chaunber; 
a  wrought-iron  piurtrv  oven,  having  the  top  made  hotter 
than  the  bottom,  thereby  insuring  the  p:u«<try  bein^ 
lighter  and  nioiv  wholesome  than  in  ovent*  on  the  old 
principle;  a  hot  hejulh,  heated  by  the  oven  Hue.  intended 
for  boiling  fish  and  vegetables  ;  three  stewing  ntovcrf  and 
one  oven,  t<»  l)0  heated  by  g;w,  f(»r  boiling,  frying,  baking, 
or  roasting,  which  may  Ik)  ixv'dated  at  ple;u<ure  In  the 
gas  cocks.  Meiit  ro.Lited  in  the  g:u<  oven  is  naid  not  t<» 
waste  away  in  the  sjune  proportion  as  when  done  l>efor(? 
the  fire,  luid  as  the  dripping  falls  ujMin  a  cool  pan  it  i-* 
not  bunit  or  <liscoltmred.  but  ren<len.!<l  tit  for  culinary 
IMU-po.-*es.  The  two  hot  hearths  are  8urr«»unded  by  cove 
jilaWrt,  which  iut»  ho  airanged  iu<  t-o  protect  the  cook  from 
the  hejit  of  the  open  lire. 

Wann-jiir  stove,   heated  by  gjid   i)laced  in  a  wrought 
iron  interior,  with  cheapo  pi|)e  at  Uick,   and   having  the 
exterior  perf<>rat<jd  tlu'ouglumt   f«»r  tin*  e.-^cape  of  w:u'm 
air. 

SjKicimen  >tair  l»iiJu.-?tei>  ami  ne\vell.<.  in  vjuious  htyles 
«>f  ornament. 

Gallery  fn»nt  for  entrance  hill,  &c.,  consisting  <»f  a 
panel  in  Koiujui  ^tyle,  Hurruiindtd  with  m.ili«»'/:uiy  mil-* 
ami  pillai"H,  Tho  vjiri«ni.s  scroll,-*  ami  t'«»li.",'«'  «•!"  thi.s 
design  are  c:U'\e'l  on  both  .-tijlcs,  ami  intertwiiiccl  with 
tho  riiling  bars,  in  imit.itiou  uf  a  iiatnr.il  growtii, 

Perforateil  pe<lr.stals  l*or  cncloMinLr  coil.s  or  tuiM  of 
pijK's,  heiit<-<l  by  tho  rirciil;ition  of  hot  water,  with  marble 
slab  at  t^tp,  UM'ii  a^  hall  t.ibles,  ^c. 

l()<i         .FiUk»<oN  &  Co..  -^f'  ih'i''f     Manilla*  tni\'i>. 

Tat*  nt.   bright    .-t.il    liuht    :in<l    ht  at    i.lUctim.'    .'to\r 
^rate.    with   white    m:irbl''   rh!iiiii<-\ -|»ict;e,   o\«>il.ii'l    with 
>:ilt   ornamentrt  in   th<-  icii;ii— '.mce  -t\l«-      Thi-  i:i.itv  i" 


Clam  22,— QENEHAL  HABDWABE, 
L.  M.  N'.  0.  Irt  TO  M,  fi:  25  TO  27  ;  0.  H.  &  P.  3  to  20. 


combine  economy  with  powerfi  of  hent- 
mg  ana  venmition;  the  refleotor  ia  movable  upon  a 
slide- binge  for  ventilation,  biking  out  the  ashen,  and 
aweeping  the  cMmney.      KuitJible  for  draniiu-rooDU,  &c. 

A  bumished  steel  regiBtcr-stove,  with  white  marble 
chimney-piece  ;  tlie  stove  ornamented  with  twijited  ateei 
mouldings,  gilt  coronet,  and  silver  foathera,  and  thero  is 
also  a  steel  wib-piui  fender  with  polished  moulding,  and 
omomenta  simiUr  to  tbe  stove. 

A  bright  patent  aii-stove ;  tbedeaign  forming  a  pedeatftl. 
Suitable  for  entranoe  halls,  &o. 

Parlour  coofciag-stove.  The  advaotngea  of  this  grate 
consist  in  ito  forming  a  ohinmej-pioce.  with  open  fire 
registar-grate,  and  portable  oveu  for  Cooking.  Suitable 
for  cottagM,  lodging-houMB,  &a. — Invented  by  Henry 
Lazton,  architect,  B  Pall  MoU  East. 


106a  Laxtoh,  H.,  V. 

Parlour  eooking-sto 


Arundel  Slrret,  atrand — Inventor. 


Ref^tered  pyrci-pneumatic  irarming  and  ventilating 
stove-giiiit«,  suitable  for  the  entiance-hall  or  staircaae  of  a 
nobleman's  miUisioD ;  the  outer  casing  of  cast  iron,  ground, 
polished,  and  browned.  The  interior  is  of  prapwd  fire- 
clay, moulded  in  various  piecea.  Thia  atovi  ' 
aentad  in  the  following  cut. 


i,iiH,  S./mnjni  SI. — Designer,  Inventor  j 
and  Manufacturer.  | 

Stovo-gmte,  in  the  Elizabethan  style,  with  Ibndar  and  i 
fir« -irons  en  taile.  , 

Drawing-room  Htove-gratc.  in  style  of  Louis  Quatonie.   • 

Chimney-piece  of  cast  iron,  enamelled  in  the  enriche 
style  of  the  period.  Fender,  in  or-molu,  formed  of  vin 
leavM,  tendrils,  and  clusters  of  grapes  the  supports  t: 
the  fire-irons  being  branches  of  tbe  \  ne  with  bunches  of 
gra^  siiKpended.  Fire-irona  en  si  U  of  pol  shed  slctl 
havmg  spiral  st«nis,  tbe  pan  of  the  shovel  engraved  au  I 
the  or-molu  heads  composed  of  line  lea  es  and  gra|}es 
This  grata  is  represented  in  the  illustrat  on  below 

Bevilled  register  stave  grate.    Bronzed  fender  and  fire 

Elizabethan  chimney-piece,  of  Bntish  aUbaeter  by 
Henry  I'uoto.  mnson  ;  and  the  hearth  of  specimens  of 
British  marble,  tbe  outer  border 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  ORATES. 
.  K.  O.  m  TO  'JO.  &  23  TO  L>7 ;  O.  0,  &  P.  3  t 


■  If*    Carii&Riltt.  n.iHi-i  /,.« 

ir  Il-,„-i..  ; 

<A.-^rl.l— 

MlUll■fnctll^ 

I'at-ut  ao.il.ln-dii.'c  I^^iK  nn. 

I  <>,.im1  m, 

lollilK-  klli 

■raiwinKcMli.     (..^er  l.liwlu 

.  a.'.l  -pri. 

I!;1hhH.<« 

l:iIi  thHMinr.    BKjonel  n>iml  n 

rinohiiK^  kn 

iv.--. 

«Jr...Ur.  rramf,  Mulpit  «,*«. 

Milthnn 

r  »■«(..     S 

.-r-<  FlittuiR-knifi.-.    HBchiiie-kiii 

iff,  r..r  cIJi 

ttiiiK  l"lm. 

l»i  hin«-plane    md   nunM'mg    i 

mil".       Ki 

1,-^.    .L«.,r 

..■Ve  flip,  with  vivK-  aTi.l  ,],->\zn 

"iitc'hinnksrs :  iiilveri>niitliii,  jowt'lUim,  &e..  coiiibiiiing 
onTj-  vniii'tj-  ••ri'hnpr,  ciit,  nmi  diiuvnxioiw.  from  iiiis  tn 
fiirty-HJi  iiH'lii'ii  in  luuKth;  iiH^liiiIiii);  the-  mncave  amlcon- 
:  v<-xlil(f.withcflutinii»iiHti>nth,  niiil  n iiilvprmiiitliH*nil>1>cr, 
^  nil  iiicliiw  liToul.  iiii]ipciimd  tii  he  tlic  (n*pntc*t  lireadtli  nf 
Hiirface  y vw  fiit  witli  thi-  miitiiuKni*  tmrtli. 

Kj^H-citiKii''  iif  liH'iiniiitivi'  I'liirim?.  Mid  nulway-nuTiiwn, 
e;irrim^>trui:k.  Iiiiri*-bni.  vnii  iuhI  wukkhu.  ImiriiiK, 
;  liiiHcr,  fiihlilmwHpriiiK-.  with  ttn'ir  rmtH'ttive  uti-iiw  or 
!  boxen.      I[ii|ir.jvwl  KiniiiK"  fi.r  Iracti.m  or  l>iimn);,  vlliptii' 


!■•;*     JnitwnN.  Cjimncm..  &  fn,.  Cvl-i"-' 

-Stii^-U,  y.rhAi>r.  .-Mniiii((utiir 

M<Nlrl  «f  the  Cycloio'  Wr,rkri. 


.iil!H  r,.r 


,   illiu 


•■  of  thp  (i 


rr'<n  tiili-i  iit«'l:  rAtnpriMnB  thv  mtr  iriii,  hliKtrr  Htivl, 
•-I'nnic  uul  HhrMr-iilcni.  in^nt  rniit-Klifl,  nn<l  cnxtntt'cl  nf 
t  ^iH'tiiH  kinlii.  f'lr  cneinetTiiv  niiil  iiitrhanionl  iw. 

rM-rt<«l  f  iriHiiK  ,.f  liir.'o  iiinHii.^  |>Liti.iiro<l. 

('arl^ytrfl  Inwinicitivc |ii-tnn-r<«L' iiU'l  civit. 

Av.  bwnnirr.  Ifml.  rliiM.'!.  Inp.  dii'.  Bhivt.  jn'n  i 
n.Tv.  iukI  ■•(Iht  iiti'.'Li. 

N|.-hn(w  (.f  tiW  niul  ra>^i«i.  f.rt' th.-  .:«(■  nf  ..n-i 
t  .'.'hi■u't^  xuiirL".  fiixl  ru»  iiuk.:.:  n.>>m.-1.  I'lni'. 


wrouKht- 


.ii-n  of    110     Umi 


iwk.  f.irhiii 


milK  rr 


R|MH 


„  &  (■„..  4S  A-,./"-  .^ 


if         Tv.iry  r:irv.T»:  |>liitiil  finh  Kirvi-n".     Ri1v>' 

hniKlIc.  KitviT  f.-mil'<-,  nitb  A  crank  in  tlii-  i 
K-ilt  aihl  Ptchnl  Mwlc. 

Ivnn,'.  hihvr.   nn.l  j.lnti'r]   tal.l.'-kliiM'^.     i 
il  .|«,.m.   All.,-,t   ,...1..™.      lv-.,-y   ^. 


fnrk.    fUl.l    PIMI.III. 
Silv.r  mk.!  kiiif.'. 


}-h.[ 


Ci-Aiw  22.— GRXERAI,  llAUDWABE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  IS  TO  20.  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  0.  &  I'.  3  t 


29. 


110a   Bimwbek.  Wm.,  &SoNB,S'ii7WW./— Miuiufiicturtix. 

EmigrgjiU',  hciiiiuultunil,  imJ  guutluuiull'il  tout  cIliwtH. 
complBto,  of  vBrioua  niiea. 

CBiiailulu  noil  HriixU  wcd^  axtrx.  AciiorictUi  fuid  Auk- 
baliau  fi^lliiig,  iiidiiifi,  and  squaring  &<teH. 

KiunnierB,  for  nuiuiu  inirpoees.  Axoii,  luvtcheta,  Ulil 
BtODo-|iicka.  Cutipuni'  Hliu-p  uid  nail  wlie,  IidwhU,  frov, 
luiil  diivor.  Cnrpentent'  and  whvclon'  lulio.  Su)^- 
cli»ppera.     Briglit  cho|i[ier8. 

CluavurK,  withironluuidU;  AmoricoD  cluavnr;  mmcbig 
knives;  imd  cheese  kiiivva. 

FnnueTH'cbiwUiilidgotiRDe,  in  cn»t-iitCL'[.  Millwright*' 
vliiiiels  and  gouges.  Turning  chisel*  luiil  Ku«l(t«'  Socket 
uliifKli  and  gouges.  Mortice  chiaela.  PluiS'iruns;  pluugh 
bits;  and  muidditig-irona. 

Sponucm,  single  luid  duubla-«ndod  improvod  ihifting 
■wrew-kc^TB.    Ciiuch  wri'iiuhoi. 

Iinproveil  cylinder  iuhI  bust  iloublu  milway  wreuches. 

Horuw  Btocks  and  lUvn,  with  tagicr  aiid  plu):  bois. 

Hocket  brace;  screw  iilatoa;  Hpring  luvidura;  and 
uallipers. 

Variuus  compasses,  pincers,  Dipjieni,  punches,  and 
[ilyen,  for  different  puriiuHes. 

Pinking  imns;  aheep-markeni;  patent  Hnw  netit;  stenk 
tungs;  fledi  foriu;  ciuulle  uiuffcn;  and  iiutcmckii. 

Oatden  touln  <if  cvory  duM'riiitioii ;  |iruiiiiiK  nhcnm; 
(fTApo  galben>rH:  nvaruncoters;  pniniiig  neiaton;  vino 
M'issorsi  anc]  fluHor  gntlwrcTM. 

it  of  table  cutleiy. 


112      Makin,  WilUaN,  AlftrtUjIt  Sle-.'l  1VVfa>,  iM>r 
H.ie^tlii — UaDU&ctuTdT. 

I'lijier-mtll  mg-eiigine,  with  roller-ban  and  bottmn 
plutus,  maile  of  the  best  cast-st«el;  it  is  Intonded  la  be 
uHed  fur  grincling  ropee,  rags,  aa<l  other  materials  iota 
Che  pulp,  empluyed  iu  tbu  uinuufaeture  of  p^>ar. 

[ItngH,  rope,  8lc.,  or  the  materials  of  wliioh  iaper  u 
uuulu,  must  bu  reduced  to  a  state  of  pulp;  to  accomplish 
tbii)  tbuj'ti  hu^  been  uumy  mode*  devised,  but  that  in 
whicb  the  lulk'r-ban  aud  buttuui  platee  ore  used,  is  aaid 
tu  be  the  beat.  Tbc  iiitentiuu  uf  the  n)ller-b«r,  iti  the 
<irat  place,  is  tu  asxiat  in  washing  the  rags,  and  aeooftdly, 
when  brought  to  a  noiiror  coDDsnon  with  tha  bottom- 
pliitos,  which  is  plactil  at  the  l>uttnDi  of  the  cirtem,  to 
break  the  fibren,  which  ore  then  jsansd  away  in  a  filuiy 
Htato.  Tho  water  being  duwiputoil,  the  minute  fibres  ars 
ilejBiaiteJ  un  n  surface  ur  cylinder,  und  after  nndergoiiig 


t   pre 


,    &c., 


cntually  beoomv  psfwr 


Plates  of  cast-steel,  polished  on  both  sidea. 

Knives  for  ro[ic  and  rag-cutting  machiiMs;  horiiontal 
cultci^:  doctor  blades  for  pa[«r  machine  rolls;  circular 
ciittunt  aud  slitten ;  croesciitting,  bench,  and  reel  knives ; 
rupe  luid  mgaxes,  and  ctia|i[iera  uf  various  patterns. 

Tiiliacco-knivcs ;  snuff-knivea;  Millet's  raSned  caat-ateel 
cliisuU  and  picks ;  jupcr  mnkers'  rag-sorting  knives,  tu:. 

SiuupleH  uf  blister,  Imr,  shear,  end  cast^teel,  uaed  in 
tile  various  branches  of  ttie  manufoetnres  of  SheSekL 

Siunple^  r>f  cast-stei'l,  used  in  the  manu&cture  of  wira 

for  needle",  hackle-pins,  Sec.,  also  by  er  " * '~ 

makers,  and  iroufounders. 


1  l.'J     Spear  &  Jackson,  SiicffiM — Unnufiwturera. 

CoHt-Btei'lciTcularsaw,  Ij  feet  diameter,  machine grmutd 
luid  iiuliHh«l.  These  saws  are  toothed  with  a  dividing 
engine  which  renders  them  regnlor  ou  the  edge,  and  are 
);ruimtl  niul  ]>uli«bed  by  a  now  machine. 

Hpuciuieu  of  n  spring  steel  handsaw,  30  inches  long, 
with  puliiilied  bUde,  and  French  polished  ebony  handle. 


I<nli»lwil  blades,  French  [loliBhed  hondlesof  varioos  kinds 
of  wiHid,  ukI  Qemiau  silver,  brass,  or  polished  iivn 
screwK;  mill-sawi,  piteuws,  cnnHcut  saws,  segment,  aad 
other  kindH  Huitablc  for  the  home  aud  foreign  markets. 

Ledger  blades  and  siiiml  cutters  for  snearing  cluth; 
sheep  slitting  kuivcs,  luiy  aud  straw  knives;  tanners  uml 
cunierH'  kuiven;  nud  ]>a]>er  knives.     F^les  ami  rssps. 

Specimen  «f  on  American  woilge  axe,  with  solid  stevl 
eilge,  anil  French  jHilislied  ruecwoiHl  liandle. 

t^ige  tuulK,  including  axes,  adzes,  augets,  mill  chisels, 
car|ioiiters*  ehisela  and  gouges,  and  tools  used  by  bi 
joiners,  cttri>ent«r»,  sliipwrights,  coopers.  Ac. 


IU 


FlSMNEV,  FRI 


.,  Sirgiild—iii 


Jkcturer. 
idiug  apecimans  of  the 


Knnirs  of  different  quulitii  . 
bcHt  work  iu  carving,  grinding,  and 
]]Utt4jni  and  design. 

Mother-of-iieort  show-rnziir,  the  bhule  emboncil  with 
scroll  omimieiits  and  SheHieti)  anus ;  swell  and  set  in 
niver:  the  work  nu  tho  bhule  «wi  cut  by  the  grindstone. 

Sliecimun,  showiug  tho  different  atsgea  of  the  manu- 
facture of  the  btiule,  all  cniitiuned  in  one  solid  pieoe  of 
out-stoel,  with  carved  uiother-uf-|i«arl  handle. 

115  Cocker,  Sandei.,  &Sos,  rAePDrffrStnllfWi*, 
SieJIiM-  Mauufacturan. 
Steel  suitid>1e  for  all  puri»»H<s,  fti>m  on»«ixteetlt)i  of  an 
inch  and  larger.  CaHt-Hteel  liles,  of  wartantail  quality, 
from  1  iueli  to  40  iuehes  lung,  fur  meclianiciJ  porpoae*, 
watuh  and  dock  iUAkun>.  ileiitislo,  &c.  A  lai^  uct^iwal 
file,   displayhig  on  its  surface  ^ii'  ' 

general  iwe;   also  a  1>ur  uf  ste^'l. 


KoroDOif.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


(507 


of  file  manufacture  from  the  ingot  of  steel  to  the 
finnbed  file.  Circular  machine  files  for  sharpening  saws. 
Registflrad  circular  file  or  cutter,  for  filing  plane  siufaces, 
to  be  attached  to  machine-power,  suitable  for  filing  brass, 
steel,  iron,  irory,  Ac.  Cast-steel  wire  of  every  descrip- 
tion, from  the  hairnipring  to  liL-inoh  diameter,  being  the 
largeat  mm  erer  drawn.  Needles,  in  their  various  stages 
of  manuiiMsturei  from  the  bar  iron,  as  imported  from 
Sweden,  to  the  finished  needle.  Sundry  specimens  of 
haddes  and  gills,  wool-combers'  broaches,  edge  tools, 
■awa,  mill-pickB,  and  chisels.  Wire-drawing  plates,  of  a 
r^n^lit''  qvudity  of  steel,  made  only  by  the  exhibitors ; 
and  a  Tanety  of  other  articles. 

116      HiaomBJLYXi,  William,  &  Co.,  Sheffield— 

Hanufacturers. 

Coromandel-wood  case,  lined  with  crimson  silk  velvet, 
contamini^  12  table-knives,  12  dessert  knives,  and  1  pair 
of  carran — all  with  carved  ivory  handles,  of  three  various 
dfjgm,  silver  fermles,  and  highly-polished  steel  blades. 
•  Table-knives,  with  ivory  huuues  and  silver  ferrules, 
intended  for  general  use. 

TaUa-knives,  with  fimey  wood  handles,  made  for  the 
North  American  mai^et. 

Roimd-of-beef  carvers,  with  stag-horn  handles,  silver 
caps  and  ferrules,  and  highly-polished  steel  blades. 

Game  carvers,  with  carved  ivory  handles,  silver  ferrules, 
and  similar  blades. 

Bread  knife,  with  carved  ivory-handles,  silver  ferrule, 
and  hig^y-polished  steel  blade. 


117  Tctuteb,  Thoxas,  &  Co.,  Suffolk  Works,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 

Fur  of  Albert  venison  carvers,  6  feet  long,  with  stag 
antlers. 

Botmd-of-beef  slioers,  30  inches  long,  and  trowelled 
stag-alicers. 

Owes  of  carved  ivory  table  cutlery,  also  of  ivory  and 
pearl  aflver  desserts. 

Table  cutlery  and  plated  on  steel  desserts. 

A  variety  of  carvers,  steels,  vegetable-forks,  cheese 
sc<>o{js,  butchers'  knives,  palette  knives,  glaziers'  knives, 
cooki'  knives,  &c. 

The  IVince  of  Wales's  sailor's  knife,  6  feet  long.  Gar- 
deners' cutlery  and  HiH)rt«inen*rt  knives. 

The  Cambrian  razor,  with  a  view  of  the  "  Suffolk 
Wi.rk.-*."  Sheffield,  engraved  on  the  ivory  haft;  and  pat- 
t«-mji  of  razors. 

.^[-jrtxnicn's  knives  in  pearl,  &c.  Various  pattema  of 
porkH  and  penknives. 

Stone-saw,  used  for  cutting  Bath  and  other  frecHtone. 
Circular,  hand,  and  back-saws,  &c. 

Card  of  files,  such  as  are  in  general  use. 


1 18         Alcob,  J.,  10r»  ?:M>jn  Street,  Sheffield— 

Mimnfjicturer. 

Knives  for  shocmakcrM,  clickers,  and  curriers  ;  shoe- 
makers' and  American  peg-knives  ;  farrierti'  and  German 
aaihUers'  knives  ;  German  shoe -knife. 

Joiners'  ami  cabinet-makers'  blades. 

Khftemakers'  and  curriers'  steels. 

Sad<Uer«'  half-moon  knife ;  Uiis^ian  shoemakers'  knives. 

Knives  for  coopers,  painttrs,  and  glaziers. 

Pltmibers'  i«liave  hook.     ButcherH'  knives. 

Bread  knife ;  Newfoundland  fisliknives. 

Basketmakers'  knives  and  iKnlkins. 

Cooks*  knives*  ;  palette  knives.     Butchers'  steel. 


111»     Pab&in  &  Marshall,  Teleijntph  Wurhf,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 

Talkie  and  dessert  knives,  with  carvers,  fluted  pearl 
handles,  rilver  femileH,  and  polished  blades. 

PUi-carvenf !  vnth  the  blade  in  open  work  omamenteil 
with  apprtipriate  emblems,  and  forks  to  correspond. 

Case  Affijih -carvers:  with  sliark  design. 

Fnr  of  malon-canrers,  with  blade  of  new  design,  and 
Anted  pearl  hamlles. 


Trays  of  plated-on-steel  desserts,  in  carved  pearl  handles 
with  silver  ferrules,  with  the  blades  chased  and  orna- 
mented. 

Tray  of  plated  desserts,  with  fluted  ivory  handles,  and 
silver  ferrules. 

An  assortment  of  bread  knives,  with  carved  handles  in 
ivory  and  wood. 

Large  slioers.  Trowel  hand  slicers.  A  varied  assort- 
ment of  table-knives,  carvers,  &c. 

1 20  Ellin,  T.,  &  Co.,  5A<r/?fe/</— Manufacturers. 
Shoemakers'  knives,  with  common  and  rosewood  handles, 

in  various  sizes. 

Glaziers*  knives,  with  cocoa  handles.  Painters'  stop- 
ping-knife, with  ebony  handles.  Oyster  knives.  Farriers* 
paring  knife. 

Table  knife,  with  ox-bone  handle,.and  "common  point," 
being  the  shape  used  fifty  years  ago. 

The  origmal  "Sheffield  Whittle."  Oyster  knife.  Bil- 
lingsgate pattern.  Leather-cutter's  knifs,  with  wooden 
handle.     Root  knife,  with  cocoa  handle. 

Carving-knife  and  fork,  self-horn  handles.  Carving 
knives  ;  bread,  spear  and  cut-point  knives  ;  of  various 
sizes,  and  handles  of  different  kinds. 

Table  knives  and  forks,  with  mother-of-pearl,  ivory, 
ebony,  horn,  cocoa,  and  bone  handles.  ^ 

Steels,  with  black  horn,  stag,  self,  and  ivory  handles. 

Cork  and  pallet  knives.     Butchers'  steels  and  knives. 

Office  knives,  with  cocoa  and  ivory  handles. 

Round-of-beef  slicers,  with  buck,  stag,  and  horn  handle!. 

Carving-knife,  24-inch  blade;  with  strong  horn  handle. 

121  Oliver,  Wm.,  5A<fi?fe/<^—Manufecturer. 

Case  of  cutlery,  consisting  of  forty  pieces  of  miniature 
cutlery,  from  3-8ths  of  an  inch  to  4  inches:  the  smallest 
pair  will  go  through  an  ordinary  tobacco-pipe.  Silver 
pistol. 

Handle  table-knives,  as  manufactured  in  1800,  green 
ivory,  round  point;  handle  table-knives,  as  manufiictured 
in  1750.  Venison-carvers,  and  steel,  set  in  elephants' 
tusks  of  miniature  size.  Jones's  patent  game-carvera,  and 
steel,  set  in  fawn's  feet,  mounted  in  silver. 

122  Wilkinson,  William,  &  Son,  Grinwsthorpe, 

Sheffield—  Manufacturers. 
Sheep  and  horse  shears. 
Shears  for  glovers,  thatchers,  and  weavers. 

123  Gilbert  Brothers,  -S'/j^^VA/— Manufacturers. 
A  variety  of  sujwrior  razors. 

124  Steer  &  Webster,  C^istle  Hill  Works,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturei-s. 

Gold  and  silver  scissors;  surgeons*  scissors;  and  a 
variety  of  scissors  in  general  use. 

Tailors*  shears ;  cai*cs  holding  scissors. 

Nippers  (champagne  and  nail). 

Horticultural  tools,  such  as  garden  and  slide  pruning- 
shears. 

125  WosTENHOl^,  G.,  WfishifUftofi  Worhs,  Slieffield-^ 

Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  cutlery. 

120      Whitei.ey,  Elizabeth,  12  Xonnrh  Street, 
Sheffield  Park — Mimufacturer. 
Fine  cast-steel  scissors. 


127 


Shearer,  JrniN,  Kldm  Street,  Slirffi<id 
Manufacturer. 
Shears,  polishe<l  and  l>n»nzo<l,  viz.,  sheep,  of  now  Aus- 
tralian, Leicester  Tomlins,  and  midland  county  i»attems; 
h«»rso,  Newmarket  best;  glove,  f(»r  the  trade;  and  wea- 
vers', for  the  home  and  American  markets. 
Weaver's  knife  and  nipper,  and  single  nii)per. 

[The  latter  are  used  by  weavers  for  removing,  joining, 
clipping,    and   picking  out  ends,    &c.,  which  arise  by 


r22.] 


[OrnriAi.  Ili.tttuated  CATALocrE.] 


3  A 


CuH  22.— GENERAL  HAItDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  2! 


■breaking-  or  joining  of  thrends  in  tLe  procass  of  woaring. 
— W.  C.  A.] 

Puir  of  bmi  polished  f^t  trowel -ghank  sheep-Bheara.  in 
miniature;  havinf;  nithin  the  ahuikB  boxeH  which  cou- 
tiUD  BeveD  nrticleit  each,  tuiniktures  of  trowel -shonke, 
three  pairs,  imd  other  kinds  of  eheep-BheOTB,  one  pair 
each  of  wearers'  aheiirB,  burliog-iron,  knife-nippur,  and 
eingle  picker ;  there  ore  alio  four  nrticlea  ooDtained  in  the 
'bockii,  luiniiLturee  of  diSerent  patterns  of  xheep-ahean. 
two  in  each  back ;  yet  the  weight  ot  the  whole  combined 
does  not  exceed  17i  ounooe. 

128        Mabpi^s,  Robert,  ,?/K-^c-fLl—Manufiict» 

Centre-bit,  9-incb.  Beet  plated  square,  24'irich.  Sot 
of  fort;  

S-inch. 

Beat  London  pattern  turnscrews,  ebony,  and  ovat 
liandle,  5  inches  each.  Qentteman's  tumscrew.  Ira- 
froved  sliding  T  bevil.  Best  pUted  square,  3-lnch.  Beet 
ebony  naw-pml ;  sinoU  boiwood  saw-pad. 

Best  handled  saw-set.  Best  plnted  spirit-level,  H-incb. 
Beet  Borew-ulide  mortica-gaiige.  Saw  and  frame.  Plated 
and  ebony,  ebony  circular.  London  patlem,  boxwood, 
nnd  best  screwed  and  plated  BpokesbBves. 

Improved  plated  brace,   boiwood.     Kegistered  Belf- 


129  Tavlob,  HE.SKT.  105  FUztrilliiini  St>wl,  S*<#.-H— 

Manufscturer. 

TooU  for  engrsTera,  carrers,  and  print -cutters.  Bur- 
liishers  nnd  screen. 

Hand-drawn  iteeL  FWicy  turning  and  plaBterers' 
tnoulding  tools.  Soil -uuiJcera' needles.  Sculptors' chisela. 
Screff-tools,     Sticking-knife. 

130  Hourea,  C„  90  Wellinijiim  ftrccl,  ShrffirUi— 

Designer  and  Manu&cturer. 
Specimena  of  table  knives. 
H«w  leistered  bolster. 

I30i   BujOXEBft  Phiupm,  ABxTt  Works,  S/ieficlJ— 

Vudoiis  brece-bit«.  Ringswood  brace,  wttb  new  ever 
thumb-bit.  The  simplicity  of  the  spring  prevents  it  from 
being  injured  in  any  part. 

Ebouy  brace,  with  lever  thumb-bit.  Chisels  and 
eouges.  Bright  brace  screw-bits.  Double  C  S  plane 
iron.  CS  gentleman's  drawing-knife.  Squares.  Best 
Square,  30  inches.  Two  each  shell  and  screw.  Im- 
proved sliding  bevil,  €  inchee.  Spirit  levels.  Ebony 
ejid  kingswood  spokoahaves.  Ebony  platoil  upokeehave. 
Plough  bit. 

tSl      Hardv,  RoBKRT  E..  B-inAoH  Strtel,  .'^fgi,'lil— 
Manufacturer. 
Carved  bread  and  plated  dessert  knives. 
Nut-picks  and  instrumentB  for  Indien'  work. 
BoxM  and  gentlemen's  dressing  cases. 

132  MabtIh,  ftTEFHEH,  29  Xoi-foi*  Plrrct,  Shtffleld— 
Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  rarious  kinds  of  razors,  manufactured 
from  ShefBeld  steel,  in  a  variety  of  handles,  vie.,  pearl, 
t^rtoiaeshell,  ivory,  bone,  horn,  hoof,  &c.,  plain  and 
ornamented,  from  one  to  sets  of  ee^-en,  on  cards,  and  in 


133      NBWfloULD  &  Owen,  SifppH— Manu&cturers. 
Bampln  of  beat  steel  polished  goods,  including  r 


1  33a     Newdodlo  &  BAnJ»N,  Surrey  Wvlo,  Sitfft^d-^ 
Manufoctumn. 
Specimens  of  Roberts'  patent  table-eotlery.  The  blade* 
are  fastened  by  means  of  a  dovetail,  withont  cemcmt,  aud 

cannot  be  injured  by  hot  water. 

SpecimeOH  of  registered  ivory.handled  table-knivea. 
The  tangs  are  made  square,  and  nicely  fitted  into  the 
bftndlBB,  without  cement,  and  riveted  through  at  the 
extremity. 

Specimens  of  table-hnivea  with  silver  handles. 

134  Winks,  Bknjahtm,  &  Sons,  Sltcffiekt— 

Monu  tocturera. 
Snmploi  of  raxors  and  table-knives. 
Samples  of  two  and  four  man  in  oases. 

135  Hawchoft,  Wili.um,  h.  Sons,  Sugield— 

Manufaeturers. 

Razors,  with  ivoij',  pMri,  aad  tortoiBeahell  iijuidic*. 

Cases  of  raiors,  ArtklWt  JPastratiTe  of  the  jiroaja  of 
mnnufiictura.  . .,. 

Large  ahow-raaor,  eiwMtMwd  vHh  the  fiKurea  <>t 
Peace  and  Plenty,  and  1^  Boysl,  ShoOIsId,  and  Cntloir 

136  Jones,  Jom 

Improved  dinner- 
blade,  the  whole  len, 

RuBt-preventive  o 
tnble-kiiivcs,  fire-iron 

Sjiecimens  of  steel 
open  air  for  si  i  days  i 
been  protected  with  th' 


137    NIC 


i,  Wuj 


Knives  with  curved  pn 
and  double-blade  peaknii 
knivea.  Whamcliffe,  1 
American  cotton -knives, 
knives,  &c. 

138       JoUBSEVMES  FlLE-l 

Prod 

Files  and  raspe  of  vorioui 
mechanics,  engmoere,  Bta. 

Large  file,  54  inches  lol 
manner  in  which  files  are  ( 
various  forms  of  light  and  sh 
by  Himin  Younge,  of  Sheffiol 

[File-making  is  a  mana&ot 
measure  confined  to  Sheffield 
no  macluns  baa  been  eonsb 

files  which  rival  those  out  by  .     .     .  ^ 

made  files  have  not  the  "  bile  li'  >■  iJ  atllaib«n: 
tlua  is  accounted  for  by  tht.  peeuuar  lacgBtht  of  the 
human  wrist  to  accomtnodate  itself  to  Um  putioular  angle 
suitable  t»  produce  the  proper  "aut."  "ftnall  flits  ara 
made  out  of  best  cast-staeli  thoas  Ot  a  Isiser  aias  frvm 
ordinary  steel ;  flat  files  ore  forged  on  an  ordinary  ctody. 
Other  forms  on  bolsters,  with  the  indentature  correi^iood- 
ing  to  the  shape  required  being  thereon  impreawd,  a 
chisel  wider  than  the  blank  to  be  out  is  used  as  the  only 
instrument  to  form  the  teeth:  it  is  moved  by  the  hand 
with  (he  greatest  nicety.  Aflsf  Cutting,  and  previous  to 
hardening,  the  file  is  immeraed  in  some  ailhenve  sub- 
stance, such  as  ale-groimds,  in  wbioh  salt  has  been  dis- 
solved :  this  protects  the  teeth  from  the  direct  action  of 
the  fire;  it  is  then  itomersad  paipendiouUrly  in  mtsr; 
cleansed  by  finishing." — W.  C.  A.] 


KimiDOM.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  t&  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


609 


139  HAiriH  &  BmoTHEBS,  Sheffield  and  London — 

MannfacturerB. 

8portiman*a  knife,  in  pefirl,  gold-mounted.  Exhibited 
for  worknuunhip.  Spinrtamen's  hunting,  angling,  and 
piiiiol  kniTea.  American  hunting  and  dagger  knivea. 
Whamcliflb,  Norfolk,  Rutland,  Richmond,  Eglinton,  and 
Yemen  kniyes.  Ladiea*  and  gentlemen's  pen  and  pocket 
kuTea  of  erery  variety.  Machines  for  making  pens, 
adsDted  to  every  style  of  writing,  (hardeners'  pruning, 
l^miBg;  and  buddixig  knives.     Paper-folding  kmves. 

Fish  canrersy  in  silver,  plated,  and  eleotro-gilt,  designed 
■Iter  the  ItaUan  and  Grecian  styles  of  ornament. 

Silver,  pearl,  and  ivory  handled  dessert-knives  and 
forks,  wHh  silver  and  plated  blades,  chased. 

Table  cutlery,  with  handles  of  silver,  ivory,  plated, 
German-diver,  self-tip,  black  tip,  bone,  stag,  porcelain, 
Hid  wood.    Carving  and  slicing  knives  and  forks. 

Knife-aharpening  instruments,  cheese-scoops,  palette- 
knives,  oodbr  and  butter  knives. 

Osrved-wood  bread  platters,  with  suitable  designs  and 
mottoes. 

Bread  knives,  with  carved  and  fluted  ivory  and  wood 
handles. 

Specimens  of  the  registered  lancet-edge  razor:  exhibited 
for  keen  and  durable  edge.  Specimens  of  the  army  and 
navy  razor. 

Old  English,  concave,  guard,  and  Indian  steel  razors, 
and  seven -day  razors  in  cases. 

Hair,  nail,  and  cutting-out  scissors,  paper-lamp,  prun- 
ing, and  horse  scissors;  also,  scissors  for  drapers,  tiolors, 
&c     Ladies'  fiEuicy-work  scissors. 

140  HooLE,  RoBSON,  &  HooLE,  Green  Lane  Works, 

Sheffield — Manufacturers. 

Bright  reffister-etoves,  with  burnished  steel  and  or- 
molu mouldmgs;  the  same,  fitted  with  a  porcelain  and 
bright  hearth-plate,  forming  a  fender. 

Cast-iron  register-stove  and  mantelpiece,  with  or-molu 
mountings;  the  iron  left  in  its  natural  state,  and  secured 
from  rust. 

Bright  register-stove,  with  or-molu,  hollow,  and  bronzed 
r.m;unt*ut-rt. 

Bumi.-'he^l  »t4)el  regi«ter-8tove,  with  figiires  and  or-molu 
rnoimtingH.  Register-stove  in  cast-iron;  the  same  stoves 
.vcf^rding  t^>  Stephens*  patent. 

BiirDiisJie*!  stoel  register  stove,  with  or-inolu  spandrilB 
antl  TiiouldingH. 

Brurht  rep^iister-stove  and  chimney-piece,  with  or-molu 
uiountings  arid  ca^t-iron  Bjiandrils,  as  taken  from  the 
wiD<l.  V;ut  secured  from  nwt. 

Bright  regi«tcr-«tove,  with  utamped  burnished  steel 
onvuuents.     Roister  stoves  with  porcelain  cheeks. 

rairt-iron  raster-stove,  invented  and  registered  by 
John  Fin  lay,  Buchanan  Street,  Glasgow,  for  curing  smoky 
chiraueys,  and  economising  the  consumption  of  fuel. 

Black  register-stove  in  cast-iron.  Ornamental  hot-air 
p«-<lestal  stove. 

Burnished  steel  fenders,  with  metal  and  or-niolu 
mountinm.  Bronzed  fender,  with  steel  mountings.  Deiul 
or  sprung  steel  fenders,  with  stamped  burnished  steel 
ornaments.     Bronzed,  black,  and  cast-iron  fenders. 

Specimens  of  ornamental  castings. 

142  Clayton,  Oeorce,  5  Taa-c  Street,  Sheffield — 

Manufiicturer. 

Specimens  of  table  cutlery  in  black  tip,  self-tip,  white 
l»one,  German  silver,  ivory,  and  plated  on  steel  in  ivory 
a&d  pearl  handles. 

A  large  bread-knife. 

143  Baoihaw,  William,  37  SpHmj  Street,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturer. 
Assortment  of  fine  penknives. 

1 44  Bame,  Henry,  l.ow  Street,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturer. 
Collection  of  pocketknive-M,  of  various  styles,  with  onia- 
meotal  handles  in  ivory,  pearl,  stag,  &c. 
American  htmtingkuives,  &c. 


145        Brioos,  S.,  186  Solly  Street,  Sheffield — 

Manuf^urer. 

Shoemakers'  awls  and  tacks,  for  basket,  mattress,  and 
st^makers ;  sacking  and  saddlers'  needles,  &o. 

Bookbinders'  or  printers'  bodkins. 

Joiners'  improved  brad-awls  and  punches ;  cabinet- 
makers* improved  awls. 

Centre  and  other  punches.  Shoemakers'  pegging  awls, 
feathered  ;  birdcage-makers'  and  various  other  awls. 

Packing-needles,  polished. 

Gentlemen's  portable  hand-pad,  complete  with  bits. 

Shoemakers*  awl-blades,  blued;  improved,  or  French 
pattern ;  French,  or  4-square ;  Liverpool,  or  flat  points ; 
portable,  and  in  self-tip  handle,  complete  with  awb. 

Curriers'  steels,  handled. 

Nut-picker,  ivory-handled,  round  rim,  and  self-tip, 
plain. 

American  socket-vice,  improved  for  pegged  boots  and 
shoes. 


146 


Hardy,  T.,  9  Jfoor^  Street,  Sheffield-^ 
Manufacturer. 


Stilettoes,  crochet-needles,  button  hooks,  nail  files, 
corkscrews,  tweezers,  boot  hooks,  &c.,  in  pearl,  ivory, 
tortoiseshell,  stag,  polished  steel  handles,  for  fitting  up 
ladies*  work-boxes,  companions,  gentlemen's  dressing 
cases,  &c. 

147       Sellers,  John,  iSi^«r^/(^— Manufacturer. 

Razors,  and  cases  of  razors.  Fine  penknives.  Wham- 
clifle  and  Congress  knives. 

Pocket  and  sportsmen's  knives,  including  "  The  Hare- 
wood  knife,"  "Norfolk knife,"  "Rutland knife," "Walton 
fishing-knife,"  "  Wilkinson  knife,"  &c. 

Surgeons'  cutting  instruments.  Tools  for  the  use  of 
engravers  on  steel  and  copper.     Pen-making  machines. 

Steel  plate  for  the  use  of  engravers,  machine-ruled,  by 
C.  Mottram,  Esq.,  of  London.  The  sky  tint  upon  this 
plate  is  perhaps  the  most  severe  test  to  which  a  steel  plate 
can  be  subjected ;  the  surface  is  free  from  spots  or  seams ; 
and  it  is  exhibited  to  show  that  steel  is  well  adapted  to 
the  wants  of  the  etcher  and  engraver. 

I*roof  impression  from  the  plate  on  India  paper. 

[An  entire  change  in  engra\'ing  has  taken  place  by  the 
substitution  of  steel  for  copper  plates.  An  engra\'ing 
made  ujKDn  coi>per  is  speedily  rendered  useless  by  the 
process  of  inking,  and  the  friction  necessiiry  to  remove 
the  superfluous  ink.  The  rubbing  with  whitening  to 
clean  the  face  of  the  plate,  wears  away  the  surface,  and 
renders  it  valueless  after  a  few  thousand  impressions. 
This  is  not  the  case  with  a  steel  plate;  an  instance  is  on 
rcconl  where  500,000  copies  were  printed  from  one  plate. 

The  Queen's  head  on  the  postage  stamp  has  been  only 
once  engraved.  It  had,  in  1842,  been  multiplied  6,000 
times,  that  is  to  say,  the  original  produced  6,000  plates, 
which  printed  all  the  postivge  stamps  of  the  above  kind 
which  ha^l  Ijcen  used  since  the  introduction  of  Rowland 
Hill's  measure  up  to  the  period  stated. 

The  multiplication  of  a  steel  plate  is  a  feature  of  some 
iraporijmce :  a  plate  is  engraved  and  hardened ;  from  this 
an  impression  is  taken  upon  a  softened  steel  roller;  this 
steel  roller  is  then  hanlened,  and  softened  steel  jilates 
being  pjused  under  it,  an  impression  is  imparted  to  them; 
they  are  in  turn  hardene<l,  and  are  equal  to  the  original 
as  to  their  impressions.  This  method  is  a<lopte<l  in  bauk- 
note  engraving;  and  the  postjige-stamp  plates  are  pro- 
duced by  the  same  means. — W.  C.  A.] 


149    NowiLL,  John.  &  Sons,  .S7ir#t A/— Manufacturers. 

Assortment  of  knives  for  the  Levant  trade. 
A.-^Mrntmcnt  of  cutlery,  comprising  ladies"  and  gentle- 
ineuH  i>eu  ami  r>«»ck<'t  knives. 

*  :>  A  : 


CUB8  22.— GENERAL  HABDWABE, 
L,  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  8  TO  21 


it  mouDtod  io  gold  and  silver. 
Fu[ier  faldiDg-kiiivHS.    Sjwrtiug-kDiveB. 
Indiaa  huuting-kiiives.    t^vor  fruit-knivce. 
Case  of  carved  pearl  plated  douert  knives  and  forks. 
Nuil  kuivflB  and  nail  files,    sittings  for  gentlemen's 
•dceaaa^-aaiiii,  ladlee'  companiooB,  &o. 

German  ^Hulking  knives.  Peu-nmchine  knives.    Peocil- 

QluQers'    ivoiy  diamond -holders,    registered  hj  W. 

Solid  ivory  handle,  oontalning  pencil  and  penboldar, 
Vith  silver   cigtir-holder,    toothpick,    and    noil -cleaner, 
g-blode  and  nul-file,  and  four  pen-blades,  put  toge- 


ther 


<itliou 


Solid! 
bolder. 

CornmBiidel-nood  esses  of  ladies' and  gontlemen'a  toilet 

Caae  containiDg  silver  dessert  knife,  fork,  and  Hpoon. 
CassB  containing  two,  three,  four,  ajid  ncven  nuora 

Assortment  of  roforu  in  ivorj,  pearl,  and  tortoidOBhell 

Pair  of  razors  in  pearl  biuul!«i,  framed  with  silver,  and 
the  cutlers'  arms  carved  in  relief  ou  Che  bandies. 


1 50  ABMlTiOB,  M.  &  H.,  .VopimA/J«  fbrije,  near  She^tld 
— Mnn  ufocturers. 

Engiueen',  coaehfiuiiths',  and  boilennnkera^  anvilx. 
Double  piked  BEuithH'  anvil.  Double  arched  jobbing 
nnvil.     SiLwamitha'  aux41.     Pattern  anvils. 

Set  of  grinders' Bcrews  and  plat«s.  Smiths' vice.  Pattern 


luiths'  V 


imiths'  V 


Lorgo 

Sledge  hammer.     Smiths'   hand  huiuutar.     Cros«  and 
Htraight  poaled  band  hammerB. 

EnRinoera'  and  millHTightfl'  hammerB,  different  kinds. 
Joineni'    claw    bonuuer.      Moaona'    toala    of    different 


151 


Eluiot,  J.,  To-ra/ienil  Street,  Sheffield— 


mfocl 


Fatten)  rozora,  manufactured  uftbs  best  steel,  exbibit«d 
fur  temper.  desigD.  an<i  workmanship. 

Frame-back  razor,  gromid  oiceedioglf  Chin,  and  cannot 
retjuire  to  be  a^in  ground,  tbuH  retaining  a  fine  aud 
(tumble  edge,  and  increasing  greatly  the  eone  of  shaving. 
The  gold,  silver,  ateel,  Oerman -silver,  or  brass  bncks, 
Form  on  elegant  contrast  to  the  blade,  and  enhance  the 
beauty  of  appeonuico  as  well  as  afford  more  opportunity 
Car  origiuality  of  deaigu  and  skill  in  eiecutioa. 

Poarl-taug  razor,  couatntctod  to  prevent  ni»t. 

Razors  with  hollow-ground  bUdee  oro  especially  de- 
aignod  forbarbers'  use.  These  do  oot  rei]uire  to  be  again 
ground,  ou  account  of  their  eitnimo  thinness. 

[Two  woHLRien  ore  always  engaged  in  lazor-making. 
The  rod  of  stool  of  which  they  are  made  is  about  half  an 
inch  in  breadth,  and  of  suSlcient  thickness  to  form  the 
back.  The  stake  upon  which  they  ore  forged  is  rounded 
on  both  sides  of  the  top,  which  is  instrumeutal  in  thin- 
ning the  edge,  and  much  facihtates  the  operation  of 
grinding.  The  blades  are  then  hardened  and  tempered 
in  the  ordinary  way,  with  tbe  exception,  that  they  are 
placed  on  their  bock  on  an  iron  plate,  and  the  moment 
they  assume  a  straw  colour  of  a  deep  abode  thej  are  re- 

The  grinding  follows,  on  a  stone  revolving  in  water; 
then  glueing  nn  a  wooden  disc.  Tbe  fine  polish  is  given 
by  a  wooden  wheel,  having  ita  circumference  covered 
with  buff  leather,  which  is  covered  with  crociu.  The 
ornamentation  of  the  bhide,  by  etching  with  add,  and 
gilding,  if  such  is  required,  is  the  lost  process. — W.  C.A.] 

Scolea  with  re^«t«ring  dial. 


I,'i4     Webbtkb,  Qbobob.  Hovwd  Street,  ShfguU— 
Houufacturer. 
HoEora  Gihibited  for  quality  and  workmanship. 
Kogistorod  double-edged  raaor. 


155     Ledoeb,  C,  S3  Ctirter  Strert,  5Vj|t((d— lorentor 
and  Manufacturer. 

TariouB  iBzors,  including  gLiK»d  and  polished  tanged; 
curiosity  rasor,  tiiuts  backwuds,  and  when  shut  tbe  blade 
id  eutirely  encased;  black  and  ivory-handled  portable*; 
biack-bondled  full  sized  concave  and  "long  cut;"  ivory- 
handled  concave  "fiat  tang"  and  "long  cut;"  ivory- 
handled  taetefully  ground  fancy  concave  and  "I '  " 

Table-knives  "bolster"  balanced:  block  tip 

silver  plated  bandied  "half  Waterloo,"  wltli      __ 

fluted  uew  pattern  "bolster"  bolonced;  ivory-baodlecl 
"flat  top  hollow"  table-knivea;  "oval  bolster"  and 
"  Waterloo  bolster"  bolunced;  aalf-tip  and  ivory-handled, 
w-ith  "  half  Waterloo"  double  thread  hollow  "  monlded" 
new  pattern  "bolster;"  black  tip-handled,  with  eight 
square  tour  threaded  new  pattern  "bolster"  balmced; 
self-tip  and  ivory-handled,  with  liatf  Waterloo  flat  to|) 
fluted  new  pattern  bolster;  ailver-ploted  dessert  biives, 
with  regist^^d  emblematical  daiigo  handle,  and  chastal 
blades;  pasrl-bandled  plated  denerl  knife,  with  em- 
blenjatical  ferrule. 

[By  "  balanced  "  ia  meant  the  handle  counter-balanc- 
ing tbe  blade,  thereby  lifting  it  up  frooi  the  table. — ■ 
W.  C.  A.l 


156      Ellis,  I.,188  Wrsl  Steeet,  Ghmp  Boad,  Sheffield 
— Manufacturer. 
Card  of  razors,  manuAwtured  from  the  best  ateeL 
Table  knives ;  butoheis',  pullet,  putty,  and  stopping 


157      DkUUm,  a.,  83  Arvidfl  Street,  Sheffield— ^asfoAoT 

and  tianufacturer. 

Soisaora  of  various   pttems,    with    bent  bladee  and 

hiindles,  intended  for  clipping  horses,  with  gutta  perehu 

covering  the  bon-s,  whereby  they  ore  not  liable  to  gall ; 

scissors  with  bows  covered  with   leather;  and  without 

covering. 
HoiBe-clippiug  and  trimming  scissors,  havingtha  bowa 

covered  with  on  elastic  composition,  to  save  the  hand. 

Scissors  with  the  bows  and  bandies  covered  with  ths 

claxtto  compoutiou. 

Elastic  raeUllic  combs,  of  difFerent  pattema  and  kinds, 

used  in  clipping  and  trimming  hoises. 
I.AQips  for  singeing  horses,  after  clipping- 
Tailors'  shears,  poaseasing  power  ia  cutting,  ease  tor 

tbe  bond,  and  dunwility.     Farmed  or  wrought  solid. 


1 58     SlaQO,  Herbebt  Wbst,  Ford,  near  Chetterfeld, 

l)tri>!isKirt — Deeigner  and  Manufacturer. 
Reding  books,  sicklce,  and  scythes  for  cutting  OWr 

1.  For  the  n  „ 
shire,  Dorchester.  Barks,  and  Bucks. 
Salop.  3.  Staffordshire  and  Cheshire.  4.  tale  of  Wisht. 
5.  North  of  England.  6.  Sussex,  Surrey,  and  the  Unit«il 
States.  7.  Berks,  Bucks,  Kent,  Surrey,  Hants,  and 
Canada.  8.  Lincolnshire,  Norfolk,  and  Cambrtdgeehin. 
9.  Indies  and  America,  for  cutting  indigo.  10.  Cornwall. 
Querns^,  and  Jersey.  11.  Norfolk,  Lincolnshira,  and 
Combridgeehire.  12,  Scotland.  13.  Cutting  gwdaa- 
hedges.  14.  Sussex  and  Surrey.  15.  Yorluhira  and 
North  of  England,  le.  Indies.  IT.  Cutting  baana. 
IS.  Thatcher's  kmfe.  IS.  Spun.  10.  YoA^ira  and 
North  of  England.  21.  Leiceetonbire,  NoTthampton- 
shire,  WorcesterahiiB,  Notts.  Berka,  and  Bucks.  J3.  Staf- 
fordshire, Worceeteiahire,  Wsrwickahire,  and  Canada. 
23.  Ireland.  South.  24.  Ireland,  North.  S5.  Hertfanl- 
ahira,  Cambridgeahiro,  Cheshire,  and  Beds.  36.  Bada 
and  Uerifordalure.  27.  Australia.  3S.  Kant.  39.  Pu- 
hmd.  30.  Bussio.  31.  UoUond  and  theCma  of  Good 
Hope.     32,   Dnitad  StatM.     '*    "  ..... 


KnrGOOM.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  8  to  29, 


611 


35.  CattiBg  and  oleaning  hedges. ,    36.   Ftttent  Boythe. 
37.  Crown,  or  hammered. 

TIm  noTelty  is  in  the  formation,  easy  and  improved 
handles,  siiitM>le  grinding,  and  the  general  completion. 
Tkm  regaling  and  hagging  hooks  are  made  of  cast-steel. 


159      Vswa  &  RoGBBS,  JHockingham  Works,  124 
Hockmgham  St.,  Sheffield — Manufitcturers. 
Bowie  knires,  American  and  Indian  hunting  knives. 
Lode,  sneck,  dagger,  or  dirk  knives,  suitable  for  the 
CootineDt  and  South  America.  Pistol  knives,  in  a  variety 
of  handlea,  wiUi  single  and  double  barrels. 

PaDcil  knives,  of  registered  patterns,  and  various  other 
kia^  with  peari,  tortoise-shell,  and  other  handles.  Cigar 
knives,  of  registered  and  other  patterns.  Sportsman's 
knives  in  great  variebr.  Desk  knives,  with  folders  and 
bUes.  Comb  knives,  with  pencil,  six-inch  rule, 
ler  articles. 
Kmie,  foiky  and  spoon  knives,  in  cases  and  rolls. 
with  vine,  pruners,  saws,  bud<Ung  blades. 


Ac. 

Fan-machine  knives  of  all  kinds.  Scissor  knives  of 
various  scnrts.  Fly-open  knives,  with  and  without  guards. 
Sailon^  kntvaa,  with  copper  swivels.    Pen  and  pocket 


of  fine  quality  in  mother-of-pearl,  tortoise-shell, 

iTOfT,  and  other  handles.     Lancets  and  farriers'  knives. 

Fleams  for  bleeding  cattle;  various  blades  in  brass  and 
other  handles. 

Nail  files,  button  hooks,  and  various  fancy  articles, 
for  ladie^  companions  and  gentlemen's  dressing-cases. 

160         Mabemtt  ft  Athnson,  Fitzalan  Works, 

Sheffield — ^Manufacturers. 


1  to  65.  Various  files  and 
rasps,  of  different  sizes, 
and  for  a  variety  of  pur- 


66  and  67.  Steel  moulds 
for  files. 

68  Forged  blank  for  file. 

*;9  Forged  blank  for  file, 
lighted. 

7u  Groomed  bLmk  for 
file. 

71  Cut  file. 

Ti  Finished  file. 

73  Bsr  iron. 

74  Bsr  or  blister  steel. 
7r>  (.'ast-Rteel  ingot. 

7*>  Rolled  bar  steel,  fur 
coach  KpriogH. 

77  Double  shear  steel. 

78  Ova)  cast  steel,  for 
chiffelM. 


79  Round  cast  steel  for 
spindles. 

80  Square  cast  steel  for 
tools. 

Model  springs,  viz. : — 

81  Locomotive  engine. 

82  Dray. 

83  llailway  waggon. 

84  Rjiilway  first-class  car- 
riage. 

85  Elliptic,  for  carnage. 
^iii  Gig  or  light  cart. 

87  Model  file,  2U  inches 
long,  divided  into  compart- 
ments of  the  various  descrip- 
tions of  teeth  required  for 
files  and  rasps.  Sup]K>rted 
by  two  pedestals  ou  a  plateau 
of  burnished  cast  steel,  con- 
taining a  view  of  Fitzalan 
Works. 


10<*)a  Fearnoombe:,  H.,  Wnlrerhamptim — Manufacturer. 

Porta>>le  wash-stands,  grained  maliogany,  painted, 
veineil  imitation  Sienna  marble.  Coal  vases,  flat  top, 
painted  hawking-party,  nautilus  shell,  &c.  Oval  dish- 
oavers.  Tea-trays,  painted,  and  Eliuibethan.  Copper 
bronae  kettles,  Btan<ls,  and  lamp.  Spittoons.  Ewers 
and  basins.  Revolving  and  peq>etual  almanacks.  Date 
indioaUM*.  Hot-water  jug.  Tea  caddies.  Coffee-pot, 
biiiler,  and  filter.  Tureen.  Hot-water  dish  and  cover. 
I>resaing-case.     Some  of  these  articles  are  registered. 

162  Mamh  Brothers  ft  Co.,  Sheffield — Manufacturers. 

Bpecimens  of  steel  used  for  tcx)lB,  cutlery,  &c.  Table 
and  small  cutlery.  Butchers'  knives ;  razf>rs ;  edge  tools ; 
files;  scythes;  hay -knife;  straw-knife.  Spring  for  rail- 
way trucks,  waggons,  &c. 

163  Broorsbanr,  A.,  Malind't  Works,  Sitcfficld — 

^lanufacturer. 
Files  and  rasps  of  different  si7A»,  adapted  for  the  use  of 
c^jnoeers,  joiners,  &c. ;  manufiMstured  from  the  best  cast- 
steel. 


164        WoRRALL,  Hallam,  ft  Co.,  Sheffield-' 

Manufiu^urers. 

Hackles,  circular  gills,  and  other  gills  for  flaz-dreesing. 

Samples  of  cast-steel  wire  in  coils  and  lengths. 

Spiral  springs  for  balances  and  machinery. 

Brass  spurs  for  self-acting  templets. 

Specimens  of  needles  in  dSfereut  stages  of  manufactures. 

Samples  of  hackle  and  gill  pins. 

Set  of  brush-makers*  engine-combs. 

Cast-steel  broaches  for  wool -combing. 


165     Cousins,  J.,  &  Sons,  Garden  Street,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 

Paper  scissors  and  bankers'  scissors ;  tailors'  scissors ; 
horse-trimming  scissors. 

Ladies'  cutting-out  and  fancy  scissors. 
Grape-scissors  and  flower-gatherers  to  hold. 
Gentlemen's  budding-scissors  and  flower-gatherers. 
Gentlemen's  nail-scissors  ;  left-handed  scissors. 
Gardeners'  budding-scissors  to  hold. 


166 


HuTTON,  Joseph,  Ridjeway,  Sheffield — 
Manufacturer. 

Two  bars  of  iron  and  one  of  cast-steel.  Two  and  a  half 
bars  of  iron,  and  half  bars  of  cast-steel,  welded  together 
under  a  tilt  (water  or  steam  power  hammer),  and  to  be 
used  for  the  manufacture  of  scythes  and  edge-tools ; 
also  for  the  more  effectual  prevention  of  housebreaking, 
the  steel,  when  tempered  in  water,  presenting  a  powerful 
resistance,  while  its  elasticity  renders  it  applicable  to  the 
lining  of  curved  window-shutters,  doors,  &c. 

Berkshire  hooks,  for  reaping,  to  be  used  in  the  manner 
of  a  Uainault  scythe. 

Riveted  scythe,  composed  of  strips  of  cast-steel  between 
two  layers  of  iron.  Riveted  Berkshire  hooks,  formed  in 
same  manner,  both  water  hardened. 

Pair  of  cart  axles,  with  revolving  spherical  bushes, 
upon  a  principle  which  is  applicable  to  railway  carriages, 
heavy  machinery  purposes,  &c.  Spheres  for  revolving 
spherical  axles  and  bushes  ;  re<lnces  friction,  &c. 

Sheep-shears,  with  cast-steel  edges,  which  vrill  not  chafe 
each  other. 

Sickle,  adze,  joiner's  bench  axe,  Sussex  woodman's 
bill,  firmer-chisels,  socket-chisels,  and  double  plane-irons ; 
all  with  cast-steel  edges. 


1G7       Flatueb,  David,  S*>lbj  Works,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturer. 
Joiners'  tools,  consisting  of  braces,  bits,  stpiares,  Insvels, 
gouges,    spirit-levels,    spokeshaves,    tumscrews,    augers, 
gimblets,  saw-pad,  saw-set,  brad-awl,  pad,  and  skat<M. 


168       Machon,  John,  .^A^'^t'W— Manufacturer. 
A  vaiicty  of  scissors  and  slide  pruning  shears. 


1 60  Marsden,  Brothers,  &  Sii.verwood  (late  Fenton 
&  Marsdens),  Bridije  i<trect  Works,  i>hc^tM — 
Msmufacturers. 

Tlie  '*  Royal  Albert"  skate. 

Selection  of  skates,  a.s8<)rte<l  in  various  patterns. 

Tools  for  joiners,  cari>enters,  and  cabinet-makers. 

Braces,  with  registerecl  brace -heiul,  constructed  so  as 
to  prevent  its  wrnking  off. 

The  registered  niortici'-gjuige,  having  the  tul>e  or  barrel 
niove<l  at  either  end  by  intwins  of  a  tumscrew,  which  sets 
the  head  and  the  cutters  finn  in  p<witi<)n. 

Screw  and  shell  augers,  of  various  patterns  an<l  sizes. 

A  general  selection  of  botniiioil  and  horticnltunil  tools, 
8uite<l  for  professional  and  ainut^ur  ganlening. 


170 


JoWETT,  J.,  AnnuUl  Lane,  Shtffi* Id — 
Manufacturer. 

Edge  tools  an<l  sheep  shears. 
Horse,  rag,  and  weavers'  shears. 


CLAsa  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3.  w.  29. 


171        Brookes,  Johh,  Dnnet  Street,  Spring  Lane, 
Shxffcld—  MannfftCturBT, 
Articlea  suitable  forladiee'  work-boieB  uid  gentlemen'i 
dreanng-casefl,  made  in  steel,   ivory,  and  poftrl;  buttoi 
lioak*,  noil  fltea,  tweezers,  corkicrewB,  atilettua,  &c. 


172    Hau.,  T.  H.,  Leecroft,  5A«JKeU— Muiufactnrer. 
A  vuiety  of  topa,  wwb,  sctbwh,  b. 


173  WiLLoooHBi,  T.,  Sfteprirf— Maoufiicturer. 
Secret  dial  penknives. 

174  TiiB!(is,HuiiiiBTA:WiLLUJf,£Ht^i 

Manufactureiii. 

Registered  fire-irDna,  viz, : — 

Octagon  heads,  and  nunre  uras  bowa  and  ahanlu. 

Improved  leaf  bow  diamond  cut  shanks,  rich  or-mo1ti 
heads,  and  new  vase-pan. 

Twisted  diamond  cut  shanks,  bows,  and  heads. 

Octagon  heads  and  bows,  with  hexagon  shanks  and 
poker,  of  new  form- 

Or-molu  heads,  uid  plun  shanks. 

Octagon  fluted  «h»nfc«,  and  original  heads,  bows,  and 
■hanks,  to  superaede  the  old  joint  made  inside  of  the 

Short  leaf  bowi,  with  octagon  heads,  bows,  and  shanks, 
with  new  joint  and  modern  heads. 

Or-molu  and  steel  head.  Modem  octagon  shanks. 
Plain  twisted  shanks,  octagon  steel  heads. 

Plain  oct^^n  heads,  bows,  and  shanks.     Plain  bed- 


175     WiLKlKSON,  Thoii*b  &  Oeobob,  it  Kea  ChunA 

Street,  Sheffield — Hanu&oturers. 

Duplicate  specimen  of  scisaora,  manu&ctured  for  the 
Queen,  with  the  ornamental  scroll-work,  twral  arms, 
Victoria,  &o.,  filed  out  of  solid  steel.  Six  doien  fllea 
were  required  to  cut  out  the  work. 

Heraldic  dreamng-case  acisson,  with  the  arms  of  H.R.H. 
Prinoe  Albert,  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  and  of  the  Duke 
of  Devonahire. 

Ladie^  sdasora,  with  scroll-work  handles,  and  electro- 
gill  medallion  of  the  Queen,  Ladiea'  stdel  acroU-work 
scissors,  fomiing  the  letter  V,  filed  out  of  solid  steel. 
Ladiea'  scissors,  lily-of-the-vallef  pattern,  with  steel 
blades,  and  electro-gold  and  silvsr  handles.  Ladies'  scis- 
pattem,   with  steel  blades,  and  electro-gold 


Large  cutting-out  scisaors,  deeign — rose,  shamrock,  and 
thistle,  filed  from  solid  steel. 

ScUsors,  33  inches  lung,  forged  from  ingot  of  steel,  with 
etching  on  bladea  of  the  Exhibition  Building  and  scroll- 

nittaitis  of  sdsaore,  with  bandies,  Ootbic,  Oerman, 

and  other  styles,  also  flowers,  snakes,  birds,  dolphins, 
filed  steel  scroll-work,  &c.  Patterns  of  scissors,  of  dif- 
ferent sizes.  Ladies'  fine  work,  cutting-out,  lace,  nail, 
button-hole,  and  dressing-case  .  scissors.    Miniature  scis- 


Hair-cutting,  nail,  and  diapers'  sciasors,  and  fiy  trim- 

Banken',  paper,  and  p^er-hangera'  scisaoiB.  Tendon- 
■eparators.  andsnrgeoni/scissors.  Improved  dressmakers', 
calenderers'  or  packers'  and  fustian  scissors.  Scissors  and 
steel  oombs,  for  trimming  horses.  Good  steel  forged 
■aisson.    TNlon'sdsBoiaandshears,  ofdifibriDtBieeand 


le  hand,  gives  great  sUaugkh  in 


moulded  exactly  to  fit  tt 

cutting,  and  is  made  at  1(   

R^iulating  spring-screw,  invented  by  the  exliibitort;  it 
resists  Uie  prsnure  caused  bf  outtiog  strong  snbstanoea, 
and  prevent  shears  or  soisson  from  working  looae.  Lever- 
spring  scissors,  intended  to  give  uniform  pnasure  upon  the 
edges,  and  prevent  friction.  Soisson,  diovring  variona 
stsgea  of  monu&cture.  Praniiu  shears  and  aeiaors,  line- 
BCissors,  flower  and  grape  gatharera,  shears  fai  cutting 
gold,  silver,  copper,  tin,  &c. 

176    Blookeb  k  Paiij.a«,  AOert  Worb,  agjIfM— 
Manufactuiais. 
A  variety  of  braosa  and  bits,  spirit-level^  idiiaels,  fte. 


177      WmiOHT,  John,  New  Qeorge  Street,  Sheffield— 
Manufacturer  and  luventOT. 

ladies'  and  gentlemen's  skates,  with  improved  swaged 
irons  and  toe  leather. 

Improved  truss,  with  rack  pad,  to  obtain  anj  preBore 
regnired. 

Two-handJed  hoiBe-aer^ier,  whitA  maj  be  uMd  Ii»tiil 
of  a  ouny-oomb. 

Cast'Steel  ahoe-lift.     Bpecimena  of  hone  Mmmings, 
cast-steel.    I^dteir  atesl  buaka,  made  by  ragiatersd  m*- 

Crochet-aiHkea,  made  to  be  fitted  on  any  ahoa,  and 
removed  to  suit  the  tread  of  the  wearer. 
Combs  made  of  caat-stael,  for  graining  oak,  fee. 


179    MossisoN  &  Pahkis,  RaclimghaMliir*  Strtet, 


Carpenten'  brwws,   with  and  without  oomplets  h* 
of  bita. 

,iisre,  spirit  level,  bevel,  ipokeshavsa  (saaortedkiDdaX 
gauges,  aaw-pads,  gimblets,  augns,  and  ti 


80  Hapfins,  J.,  Sheffield— UmM^tHant. 

Engraved  razor  and  knife  haodlea. 


31       HoWAmTH,  Jab.,  Sheffield— lianyib^ja 
Tools   for   engtaven   and    print-cntter^    < 

graven,  bunuaheB,  and  scr^ters. 
Mariners'  compass,  needles,  and  gtinamith^  itoAlng 
«ls.     Turning  and  carving  tools.    Bdoe  toola — li^t, 

compriBiDg  chisels  and  gouges.    Edge  tocJa — heavy,  oom- 

prising  adies,  axes,  and  garden  tools- 
Tool  c'      ■    '      '    '  -' ' 


•T  botanists  and  touiista,  oi 


-prong  garden  fork,  three-pnmg  fork,  gardaB- 

/el,    pruning-chisel,    mmd-hodk,    Duteh   hoe,    ^nd- 

hanuner  and  tiatchet,  pruning-saw,  ohiael,  pick  and  a^ke^ 
with  long  and  ^ujrt  hsndles. 


Patent  antifriction  brue,  with  eboof  atoA,  ivory  head, 
with  bits  complete.  The  improvomaDla  are,  that  tba 
spindle  workauponahard  steel  centre,  inateadot  a  collar, 
which  reduoea  the  friotion,  and  the  hnd  is  aecnred  to  the 
neck  by  a  nut  screwed  into  the  BoaktA-ptaee,  to  prevent 
the  head  ooming  ofi*,  and  prodnoa  the  tfaa^T  votUng  of 
the  brace. 

Squares:— Plated  and  ebony,  witli  spilit-level. 

Bevil : — Ii^roved  slide ;  ebony- 

Qauges: — Ebony,  in 
ticej  and  outtinj  g^ugB- 

Tumacrews;— Handled,  b 
and  Moon's  pattam. 

Bpokesbaves: — Boxwood,  beech,  pearl,  plated,  ebonj. 

Fterl  plated  screw-lioiH. 


1,  bright,  LMidoB,  round  blade. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  26  TO  27 !  O.  9,  &  P.  3 


ToB' 


SMT-padi: — Ebony  and  boxwood,  improTed.    Saw-aet, 
wiUi  buidla. 
S(itrit-laT«U; — Ebony,  plated,  and  Scotch  pattenu. 
Siw-frmme ; — Boxwood,  inlaid  with  ebony. 
Pridkir-Iiadi;— Ebony  and  irory,  with  tools,  gimlets, 
Ata,  wad  patent  twiat. 

"    imon  aorsw;   bright  ahellj  and  Scotch 
— Ebony,  inlaid. 


DoKCavrat,  D.,  jA«^«U— Hanu&ctur 
ma  of  (teel. 

No.  1. 


185  PuNMLL,  Sunm.,  Sk^etd— Inventor. 
Improved  wanning  and  ventilating  apparatos,   which 

can  be  forced  bj  maum  of  a  whael-bn,  ad4>ted,  by  icaana 
of  a  white  enamet  upon  the  exterior  aur&ce  of  the  hot-air 
piping,  caaing,  &c.,  to  retain  and  conduct  heat. 

Improved  nmner,  wheel,  »nd  cap  for  a  pocket-umbrella; 
improved  rib  and  rtretcher  for  the  urns,  A  pocket- 
umbrella  to  attach  to  a  walUiig-etick,  or  an;  other  handle. 

Improved  Burfoce-filehandleM.  Concave  and  convex  niT' 
face-filiM ;  exterior  and  interior  angle  filee.    Moulding-Ble. 

186  DxutE,  DuT,  &  Dgake,  Lmdm  Bridga— 

Inventors  and  Proprietora. 
Hre-lulnp  etoves  (Leslie's  peteot,  and  the  exhibitor'* 
regixtration}.    These  stoves  are   repreaanted  in  the  fol- 
lowing engravings : — 


ofai 


1  and  S  are  tzdtxX  views  of  this  improved 
Hm  bdttom,  sides,  and  back  are  fanned 
Dgb  fir»-lam^  A.    The  imat,  icings, 


.  ,  I,  are  of  iron.  The  curved  bottom  of 
Um  fli»-lmnp  prmeets  in  &ont  to  within  half  an 
inch  uf  the  grate  bar  a;  and  it  rests  upon  a  cross 
bearing,  B,  which  La  turned  up  beliind  as  in  fig.  '2. 
in  onler  that  the  latter  may  afford  nmUtonce  to 
any  thrust,  from  in  front,  iigain»t  the  fire-lump. 
C  C  an  two  binding  Bli|is  which  fit  into  recefues 
of  the  sides  c  c  of  the  fire-lump,  as  in  the  plan 
fix-  ');  and  come  fiush  in  front  with  the  iiiutal 
<^ieeks  bb.  U  D  are  angle  tie-pieces  attached  to 
the  cheeks  behind,  and  fitted  to  the  sides  uf  the 
fire-lump.  E  E  are  screws  which  ore  pansed 
through  the  binding  Blips  C  C,  and  an>(le  tie 
piecai  D  D  to  bind  the  whole  tiiguther.  By  un- 
d'ling  tbeae  ncniw*,  and  removing;  the  slijie  C  C, 
the  (iJrs-lump  can  be  entirely  withdrawn,  without 
diatorbing  the  other  parts  of  the  stove. 


Tlio  utility  of  thin  wtovc  coiisists 
in  the  gnite  or  rece|it.-u:lo  fur  the  Sre 
Iwing  entirely  in  front  of  the  reflect- 
ing cheeks,  and  the  additional  re- 
flector below  the  grate,  iuc  reusing  the 
reflvvting  surface. 

Fifi.  1,  is  a  front  view  of  the  stove. 
Fig.  -i.  a  vertical  necticm  on  the  line 
<i  I..     Fih'. 


The  back  of  the  firo-irrale,  fi>   " 
formed  by  the  intrmluction  of  ■  fire- 
ixluccd  thniugh  the  oiwuing  fonuoil  by  the 
a  of  the  Bni'>ke. 


614 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  26  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  20. 


rCJHlTBD 


Yacht  stove,  withtH>pper  boiler  and  steaming  apparatus. 

Small  yacht  stove,  without  copper  boiler. 

Model  improved  cooking  stove,  with  steam-closet,  three 
steam  kettles,  bath.  Sec.,  all  heated  with  one  fire. 

Electro-plated  goods:  —  Sets  complete,  consisting  of 
tea,  coffee,  water-pot,  sugar,  and  cream, — teas  extra ; 
liquor-frame,  cruet-frames,  flower-stands,  toast-racks, 
salts,  waiters,  and  candlesticks. 

Britannia-metal  goods : — Dish-covers,  manufiM^^ured  by 
a  new  mechanical  process,  ¥rith  strong  metallic  wires  in 
the  edges,  equal  to  silver  in  appearance  and  durability; 
exhibited  for  cheapness;  teapots,  salt,  mustard,  pepper, 
soup-ladle ;  gravy,  table,  dessert,  and  tea  spoons ;  also 
jugs,  swing-kettle,  dish-covers,  cruet-frame,  candlesticks, 
and  coffee-pot. 

Cast-steel,  circular,  and  swaged  saws : — London  spring 
hand-saw,  polished  blade,  with  mahogany,  zebra,  London 
pattern,  and  country  pattern  handles. 

London  spring  polished  blade,  with  zebra-wood  handle. 

Improved  pruning-bill,  with  polished  blade,  and  kings- 
wood  handle. 

187     Warburton,  Charles,  60  Eyre  Lane,  Sheffield — 

Manufactiu^r. 

Bright  Scotch  screw-auger  with  eye,  6-inoh,  weighing 
nearly  1  cwt.,  and  in  length  7  feet;  considered  the  largest 
of  the  kind  ever  manufactured. 

A  variety  of  Scotch  screws,  twisted,  and  other  augers,  of 
different  sizes,  including  a  bright  four-twist  auger  with 
eye  l\  inch,  exhibited  as  a  curiosity  on  account  of  its 
being  a  four-twist. 

Improved  shell-auger,  f-inch:  a  recent  invention. 


187a    Jowitt  &  Battie,  Thomas  &  John,  Satille 
Works,  SJicffield — Itfanufacturers. 

Specimens  of  forged,  tilted,  rolled,  and  hand-drawn, 
cast,  shear,  and  spring  steel. 

Complete  set  of  engineerai'  and  machine-makers'  cast- 
steel  files. 


188    HiGoiNBOTHAM,  O.  &  W.,  /STA^^/c^— Manufacturers. 

An  assortment  of  scissors,  ornamented  and  mounted 
with  gold  and  other  metals,  suitable  for  dressing  cases, 
writing  desks,  &c. 

Pair  of  fine  scissors,  made  of  refined  steel,  and  hardened 
and  tempered  bv  a  process  not  yet  made  public,  which 
produces  a  durable  edge,  and  a  brilliant  polish. 

Razors,  in  ivory,  tortoiseshell,  and  mother-of-pearl 
handles,  and  gold  and  silver  mountings,  with  blades  of 
similar  temper,  made  of  refined  steel,  and  highly  finished. 


190 


TuRTON,  Thomar,  &  Sons,  Sheffield^ 
Manufacturers. 

Steel,  commencing  with  Swedish  bar  iron. 

Steel  converted  into  blister  steel  of  various  temper. 

Steel  rolled  for  the  manufacture  of  springs. 

Refined  cast-steel  in  the  ingot. 

Steel  '*  tilted  "  into  flats  and  squares  for  turning-tools, 
drilling  and  planing  tools,  millbills,  dies,  and  every 
description  of  mechanics'  tools,  axes,  8cc. 

Steel  tilted  oval  and  octagon,  for  cold  chisels,  8cc. 

Steel  tilted  under  the  hammer  in  swages,  especially  for 
taps  and  other  articles  used  in  machinery. 

Steel  tilted  and  rolled  for  the  manufacture  of  files, 
edge-tools,  chisels  and  gouges,  plane-irons,  circular  and 
other  saws,  cutlery,  and  all  articles  manufactured  from 
steel. 

[Steel  may  be  regarded  as  a  carburet  of  iron ;  it  is 
usually  manufactured  by  the  process  of  cementation. 
The  cement,  as  it  is  called,  consists  of  the  charcoal  of 
hard  wood — sometimes  soft  is  employed — mixed  with  a 
small  quantity  of  ashes  and  some  salt.  The  bottom  of 
the  trough  of  the  cementing  furnace  being  covered  with 
this  mixture,  bars  of  steel  are  placed  upon  it;  these  are 
again  covered  with  the  carbonaceous  compound,  and  so 
on  until  the  trough  is  filled.    The  whole  is  closed,  and 


the  fire  urged  until  all  aoquires  a  tempeniare  of  aboiut 
lOO**  Wedgwood;  and  this  is  steadily  maintained  for  some 
days,  the  time  varying;  under  different  conditions,  from 
four  days  to  ten.  In  Uiese  furnaces,  12  tons  of  bar  iron 
may  at  each  charge  be  converted  into  steel.  Blistered 
steel  is  so  called  from  the  air-bubblea  which  cover  its 
sxufaoe,  which  blisters  appear  to  result  from  the  forma- 
tion of  carbonic  oxide  in  the  process  of  cementation. 

The  operation  of  tilting  is  performed  by  beating  the 
steel  under  tilt-hammers  until  it  ia  rendered  of  a  very 
uniform  structure.  The  tilt-hammers  usually  weigh 
about  200  cwt.— R.  H.] 

Files  for  engineers,  machine-makers,  millwrigfata,  saw- 
mills,  cabinet-makers,  joiners,  builders,  agriculturists,  &c. 

Edge-tools,  consisting  of  firmer  chisels  and  gouges, 
turning-chisels  and  gouges,  pardng-cbiaels  and  gouges, 
millwrights'  chisels  and  gouges,  sod^et-chiaela,  mortice- 
chisels,  single  plum-irons,  cut  plum-irons,  doable  plum- 
irons,  drawmg-kuivee,  coopers'  tools  of  every  deacription, 
augers,  English,  American,  Bnudl,  and  ship  axes;  English, 
American,  Brazil,  and  ship  adzes;  knives  for  duriera, 
tanners,  and  skinners,  and  various  other  articlea  comprised 
under  Uie  name  of  edge-tools. 

Springs  of  various  sorts  for  locomotive  engines,  railway 
passenger  carriages,  waggons,  &o.    Saws.    Cutlery. 


191 


Ibbotson  Brothers  &  Co.,  Shefeld — 
ManufjEMsturers. 

Collection  of  polished  oast-steel  drcolar  saws. 

Cast-steel  mill  saws;  cross-out  saws;  pit  saws;  frame 
saws;  mill  saw  webs;  stone  saws;  and  Russian  cross-cut 
and  frame  saws.     Segment  of  a  circular  veneering  saw. 

Grafting,  hand,  panel,  ripping,  and  steam  saws,  of  dif- 
ferent degrees  of  polif^;  with  ebony,  mahogany,  rose, 
lignum-vitse,  maple,  zebra,  tulip,  box,  satin,  red,  and 
beiBch-wood  handles,  plain  and  variously  ornamented* 

Caat-stoel  cheap  hand  saws. 

Back  saws,  with  iron,  burnished  steel,  blued  and  bran 
backs;  with  handles  of  hard  wood. 

Lock  saws,  with  beech  and  lignum-vit»  handlea,  and 
with  rosewood  and  mahogany  pistol  handles. 

Pruning  saws;  billet  webs;  breaking-rut  webs;  tunung, 
metal,  and  fret  saws;  and  butchers'  webs. 

Cast-steel  patent  scythes.  Cast-steel  scythe  rolled  up^ 
to  show  its  elasticity. 

Flat  files — ^ruff,  bastard,  second-cut,  smooth,  deed* 
smooth,  and  double  dead-smooth.  Hand  file%  aMorted 
cuts  and  sizes. 

Three-square  saw  files,  mill  saw  files,  feetheredgey 
cross,  riffle,  roimding-off,  entering,  four-square,  ooUer, 
frame  and  gulleting,  cabinet-makers'  files  and  naps. 

Knife  files,  rubbers,  flat-shoe  rasps,  half-round,  double 
bevelled,  and  tongued  horse  rasps. 

Ivory,  tip,  and  stag  table-knives  and  forks;  dessert- 
knives  and  forks;  guard,  slicer,  trowel,  and  venison 
carvers. 

American  hunting-knives.  Table-knife  ahecpenMi. 
Tilted  best  cast-steel. 


192       BoTCiDEB,  WnxiAM  A;  SA]fon»  Sk^kH^ 

Manufecturers. 

Specimen  razor,  with  handle  fbnned  of  one  piece  of 
ivory,  ornamented  with  engravings  oi  the  various  manu- 
fectories  of  the  exhibitors;  the  elehingi  on  the  blade 
represent  the  **  Qreat  Exhibition"  buildin||^  accompanied 
with  an  allegorical  illustration  of  "GDmmerce  vdA  her 
attributes." 

Various  descriptions  of  raaors,  edf*  V)ola  and  filet,  and 
saws. 

Samples  of  cast-steel,  round,  fonr^naie^  and  hexagon, 
in  assorted  sizes. 


193      BujLE  &  Parkin,  JTeodow  YMa^  Sheffield— 

ManufiEUi^urers. 
Improved  cast-steel  files  and  rasne,  for  eogineers,  ma- 
chinists, &c.      Improved  caai-eteel  anrs.     Fair  nnall 


KiSODOM.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


615 


Hammer-headB,  and  aevend  pieces  of  patent  tem- 
pered steel.  Machine  paper-cutting  knife.  Envelope 
catten.  Fnper-makenr  beating-plates  and  circular 
cutter. 

Cloth  manufiu^uren^  spiral  catting  edges  on  a  cylinder ; 
and  loose  cutters  of  different  shapes.  Tobacco  cutting 
knife.  Haohine  cutters  for  planing  wood.  Moulding 
and  grooving  irons,  for  wood  work.  Logwood  cutting- 
knife  sod  ra^.  Corkcutters',  tanners',  and  curriers' 
knives.  Sheet  cast-steel,  polished  for  paintings.  Mill- 
chisel  with  handle.    Small  pattenui  of  springs,  for  rail- 

ij  uses.  


104     GiBBniB  &  QoKB,  Sheffield — Manufacturers. 

A  pahr  of  scissors,  19  inches  long,  representing  the 
arms  of  England,  France,  and  America,  with  the  motto, 
"  miity  and  peace,"  worked  with  small  files  and  drills, 
round  a  portion  ot  the  bows  in  cipher  letters.  Exhibited 
for  design  sod  workmanship. 

An  assortment  of  scissors.  A  pair  of  scissors  in  the 
first  process  of  manufacture.  An  assortment  of  nail-nip- 
pers.   Champagne  nippers  or  openers,  various  patterns. 

An  assortment  of  pruning-shears.     Averancaters. 

Garden  hedge-cutting  shears.  Fruitand  grape-gatherers. 

Qarden-forl^  reel  and  line.     Ladies'  gajrden-fork. 

Sets  of  scissors,  of  assorted  siies,  and  for  various  piu:- 


195  Wiuoir,  John,  &  Son,  Sycamore  Street,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  shoemakers'  knives.  Butchers'  and  bread 
knives.  Cooks^  and  curriers'  knives.  Farriers'  and  gla- 
sier^  knives.  Pklette  knives  and  weavers'  knives. 
Batchers'  steels,  &c.  Corporate  mark,  four  peppercorns 
and  a  diamond  thus — 

»♦    »♦    »♦     »♦    «{♦ 

196  Waed  &  Patnb,  ^A<f/^<r/(i~Manufacturor8. 

Edge-tools  in  every  variety,  comprising  tools  used  by 
carpenten,  joiners,  ihipwri^ts,  millwrights,  coach  and 
camnci  maksn,  &o.,  such  as  cast  steel  firmer-chisels, 
f^iigew,  plane-irons,  socket-chisels,  drawing-knives,  block- 
makers'  chisels  and  gouges,  German  jMirting-toolrt,  cooperu' 
t<K>lit,  plasterers'  moulding  tools,  shell  and  screw  augers, 
tr«»wel»,  mAchine  plane-inms  and  moulding- in >n«,  Brazil, 
Canada,  London,  coachmokers'  and  long  falling  axes, 
hatchets,  choppers,  hedging-billn,  &c. 

Curriers',  tanners',  Bkinnere*,  Baddlers',  mincing,  and 
l»<x>kbinders'  knives;  turning -chisels  and  gouges;  fancy 
turning- tools  for  iron,  wood  and  brass ;  screw  tools ; 
bright  and  black  car>-ing  chisels,  gouges,  &c. ;  yellow 
jtrint -cutters  ;  caning-chiaels ;  gouges  ;  parting-tools  ; 
sitoon-ldt  chisels  and  gouges;  engravers'  and  die-sinkerH* 
t'Mils  of  every  kind  and  8ha{>e;  sculptors*  chisels;  mez- 
Zfftinto  scra{iera  and  shading- tools ;  plain  and  fluted 
•crai^rs;  burnishers. 

Bnoei*,  bits,  tumscrcws,  spokeshaves,  8cc. 

U»7     Marshall,  Samuel,  25  Ei/re  Street,  Sheffield — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Hp<>cimens  of  illustrated  Sheffield  cutlery,  consisting 
of  raiors,  &c.,  carved,  in  mother-of-pearl  handles. 

Gentlemen's  i>ocket  combs.  Sec. 

198  Satnob,  Samuel,  &  Sons,  13  lUhrard  Street,  Sheffield 

—  Manufacturers. 
Pruning  and  budding  knives,  for  the  use  of  gardenei-s, 
seedsmen,    horticulturalists,    &c.      Kxliibited  fur  work- 
uuutfhip  and  material. 


199    Xatlob,  VicKFUis,  &Co.,  .v/i/'^f /J— Manufacturers. 

Illustrations  of  cast  steel  by  models  of  fumacos,  rolling 
mill,  and  forge.    An  assortment  of  manufactured  articles. 


•jr<»    White,  Thomas,  jun.,  Thorpe  I/eele;/,  SJieffieUl — 
Inventor  and  Manufactnn*r 
Improved  hooks  for  fixing  gas  and  water-pipe,  ma<)e 
ettber  bright  or  black;  a  new  form  being  given  to  tie 


shotdder  of  the  hook,  which  facilitates  the  driving,  and 
the  bend  is  lengthencMl  to  secure  the  pipe. 

Improved  horse-nails,  in  order  to  secure  the  shoe  with- 
out injuring  the  hoof. 

New  wrought-ir<»i  nails  for  ship-builders,  carpenters, 
joiners,  and  cabinet-makers.  The  improvement  of  this 
nail  consists  in  its  gradual  thickness  tovrards  the  head. 

Improved  rivets,  in  iron,  brass,  copper,  or  zinc. 


203       Etre,  Ward,  &  Co.,  iS%<f^r^(/->Manu£BMH;urers. 

Different  qualities  of  table-knives,  oonunenoing  with 
those  manufactured  for  export  to  the  United  StateSj^ 
the  Canadas,  South  America,  and  Australia.  Mediimi 
qualities,  of  various  kinds. 

Ivorv,  silver,  and  other  descriptions  of  table  cutlery 
of  the  best  description. 

Razors,  pocket  and  penknives,  dagger  and  Bowie  knives, 
made  from  the  best  steel,  and  of  every  variety  in  quality. 

Scissors,  scythes,  and  sickles,  of  the  best  qualities,  for 
different  markets. 


204  SoRBT,  Robert,  &  Sons,  Carver  Street,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 

An  assortment  of  sheep  shears,  comprising  Australian, 
American,  Trinity,  Saxony,  Trowel  shank,  Scotch, 
Wiltshire  or  Sarum,  Dorsetshire,  Norfolk,  Kent,  Devon, 
Leicestershire,  and  Lincolnshire.  Kendal  snappers, 
flyers*  glovers,  horse  and  T  shears,  &c.  WeavCTS*  pods, 
assorted  patterns. 

Cast  steel  circular  saw,  5  feet  in  diameter,  hardened 
and  tempered.  Various  cast  steel,  and  London  spring 
saws.  Polished  circular  saws.  Specimens  of  files  for 
sharpening  saws,  &c. 

Axes,  consisting  of  American,  Australian,  Kent,  Scotch, 
Suffolk,  Newcastle,  Longfalling,  ship,  coachmakers', 
wheelers',  Newcastle,  blocking,  Irish  bench  side,  American 
house,  Dutch,  mortice,  bullock,  and  coopers',  &c. 

Adses,  consisting  of  coopers',  carpenters ,  ship,  wheelen^, 
electro-Scotch,  American  and  Canada,  spout,  &c. 

Butchers*  cleavera.  House  choppers  and  sugar  hatchet. 
Mincing  and  cheese  knives. 

Hatchets,  consisting  of  improved  claw,  hammer,  Shing- 
linp,  Suffolk,  Kent,  and  Irish. 

Hedging  bills,  consisting  of  Yorkshire,  Westmoreland, 
Nottingham,  Lopping.     Improved  S'Bill  switching,  &c. 

Hoes,  garden,  turnip,  Dutch  improved  turnip,  half 
moon,  long  neck  swan,  neck,  &c.  Patent  lawn  or  daisy 
and  garden  rakes. 

Improved  gjirden  tools,  complete,  made  to  fit  one 
handle,  viz.,  spade,  rake,  hoes,  saw,  spuds,  fork,  &c. 
Spuds  and  weed  hooks,  assorted. 

Axes  which  have  cut  the  bars  of  iron  attached  to  each ; 
the  edges  of  which  have  not  been  sluurpcned  since. 

An  assortment  of  various  kinds  of  augurs.  Wheelers* 
bnizz  and  ship  scrapers.  Socket  lock  mortice  chisel. 
Cast  and  German-steel  gouges  and  chisels. 

Tooth  piano  irons,  an<l  ctMjper's  jointer  plane  with 
irons.  JoineiV,  cooiHJrs',  and  wheelers*  spokoshavefr. 
Best  plough  bills,  braces  and  bitts,  &c.  Platetl  8<piai-eH, 
plated  spirit  levels;  various  bevels.  Tumsci*ew8,  of  as- 
sorted piittems  and  lengths.  Sawpads.  Best  cast  steel 
long  pod  and  shell  gimblets.  Phmes :  smoothing,  jack, 
trying,  j)lough  groving,  beail,  fillister,  and  rabbit.  Skates, 
as8orte<l  jiatterus. 

Cast  steel  patent  scythes,  consisting  of  improved 
narrow  Scotch,  brojwl  Scotch,  narrow  Canatla  grass,  crad- 
ling corn.  Broad  Suffolk,  south  of  Kngland,  north  of 
England,  Yorkshire,  and  gniss-plat  scythes.  Best  ham- 
mered scythes,  consisting  of  broail  Scotxjh,  naiTow  Amo- 
riaui  gi-ciHs,  cradling  com,  south  of  England  and  Bramber 
scythes;  (mtcnt  and  crowu  luiy  knives,  cross  and  side 
handle. 

Crown  trussing  knife.  Patent  and  crown  chaff  knives. 
Machine  straw  knives.  Ciist  steel  patent  reaping  hooks, 
round  and  elbowed.  Imprtivcd  registered  rea{)ing  hooks, 
aBsorte<l.     Chuxlen  and  grass  shears,  assorted  patterns. 


616 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27  ;  O.  9,  &  P.  8  TO  29. 


[United 


204a  Lucas,  Edwabd,  &  Son,  Dranfield,  near  Sheffield— 
Patentees  and  Manufacturers. 

Malleable  steel-spoke  railway  and  plate-railway  wheels, 
which  are  cast  in  one  piece,  and  are  hard  on  the  surface, 
the  interior  soft  or  nialleable:  they  are  said  to  be  much 
lighter  than  the  ordinary  wheel,  and  to  wear  well. 

Malleable  steel  carriage,  coach,  and  cart  naves  and 
axles,  which  are  formed  out  of  one  piece;  they  occupy 
less  space  than  the  ordinary  wood  naves,  and  are  less 
affected  by  the  weather. 

A  case  of  spindles  and  flyers  in  use  for  spinning  flax, 
wool,  cotton,  and  silk. 

Specimens  of  cast  malleable  iron  manufactured  by  a 
process  of  which  the  exhibitors  are  the  original  patentees. 


205         TABKEBy  H.,  Sheffield-'Uiuxaiactuier, 

Cast  steel  saws,  polished  and  etched  with  silver  and 
gold. 


206    Fisher  &  Brakall,  JToyle  Street  Works,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 

Files  and  rasps.  Ironstone,  pig,  and  bar-iron.  Bar 
and  ingot  steel ;  spring  steel ;  shear,  cast,  and  sheet 
steel ;  cast-steel,  hand  drawn. 

Engineers'  chisels,  hammers,  and  nut-spanner.  Mill- 
bill.  Masons'  chisels.  Circular  saw,  for  cutting  railway 
ban  when  in  a  heated  state. 

[Iron  is  converted  into  steel  by  a  process  called  cemen- 
tation, which  consists  in  placing  iron  bars  in  troughs  of 
fire-brick,  and  covering  them  with  layers  of  powder  of 
wood  charcoal,  salt,  and  ashes.  Dr.  Ure  is  of  opinion  that 
the  latter  material  is  valueless.  Care  is  taken  that  the 
Iron  bars  do  not  touch  each  other.  The  troughs,  when 
filled,  are  covered  up  with  loam,  and  subjected  to  the 
action  of  a  furnace,  the  heat  of  which  is  uiged  until  it 
arrives  at  the  proper  temperature,  and  until  the  trough 
and  its  contents  become  one  red-hot  mass  of  matter.  In 
this  state  it  is  maintained  for  a  longer  or  shorter  period, 
viz.,  from  four  to  ten  days,  according  to  the  nature  of 
the  steel  desired ;  if  soft,  the  time  is  shorter.  The  heat 
produces  the  combination  of  the  carbon  with  the  iron 
and  completes  the  conversion  of  a  soft  substance  into 
one  of  the  most  brittle;  it  then  undeigoes  the  process  of 
hardening,  by  being  plunged  into  cold  water. 

Shear-steel  is  formed  by  uniting  together  several  bars 
of  blister-steel  by  means  of  a  steel  rod,  and  sprinkling 
over  it,  when  heated,  sand.  After  being  again  heated,  it 
is  drawn  out  into  a  bar  by  means  of  a  tilt  hammer,  viz., 
a  large  hammer,  which  works  by  steam  or  water  power. 
Repeated  heatings  not  unfrequently  transpose  the  con- 
verted steel  into  its  original  state  of  iron. 

Cast-steel  is  produced  by  melting  blister-steel  in  cruci- 
bles, which  is  done  after  the  manner  of  the  brass-founder, 
in  a  common-air  fiimaoe.  The  mouth  of  the  crucible  is 
covered ;  the  fuel  used  is  coke.  The  metal,  when  melted, 
is  poured  into  a  mould,  and  acquires  the  name  of  "  ingot 
steel." 

Sheet-steel  is  produced  by  being  rolled  between  re- 
volving cylinders  of  metal. 

Hand-drawn,  means  rods  which  have  been  produced  by 
manual  labour,  in  opposition  to  those  formed  by  the  tilt 
hammer. — ^W.  C.  A.] 


207    Earl,  Smith,  &  Co.,  Sheffield— Manvdactuxen. 

files  and  rasps,  of  all  shapes,  kinds,  and  sizes,  firom 
half  an  inch  to  twenty-four  inches  long. 

Samples  of  steel  of  various  kinds  and  shapes,  from 
blister  to  the  smallest  watch-spring,  exhibiting  the  frac- 
tures from  the  state  of  pig-iron  to  the  most  highly-polished 
steel,  with  the  tempers  classed. 


208       Slack,  Sellers,  &  Qratson,  Sheffield— 

Manufiusturen. 

Cast-steel  polished  circular,  mill,  jAt^  franM,  and  cross- 
cut saws. 

Spring,  ripping,  hand,  and  panel  saws,  in  ebony,  bee6h« 
and  zebra-wood  handles. 

(j^tleman's  cast-steel  hand  and  other  saws,  having 
tubulated  backs  formed  of  iron,  Qennan  silver,  and  brass, 
with  handles  composed  of  various  woods. 

Qardener^s  pruning,  firet,  bow,  wood-cuttenf  ,  and  other 
saws  for  cutting  wood  and  metaJs. 

Straw  or  chf^-knife,  polished;  ledger  blade,  cylinder 
of  spiral  cuiters  for  shearing  woollen  doth,  &c. 

[After  the  weaving  of  woollen  doth,  the  small  fibres 
of  the  wool  of  which  it  is  made  are  raised  by  means  of 
teazle  heads,  or  wire  brushes;  as  a  oonsequenoe,  these 
fibres  present  irregularities  in  their  several  1f»^gthff,  to 
reduce  which  to  an  equal  or  uniform  sui&oe,  shears  were 
formerly  employed.  These  have  been  superseded  by  the 
application  of  a  spiral  cutting  cylinder,  which,  being 
fitted  with  the  necefisary  cutting  edges,  and  revolving 
rapidly  in  contact  with  the  cloth  to  be  cut,  and  which 
is  drawn  on  a  ledge,  speedily  imparts  to  it  the  reqidate 
uniformity  of  surfiioe. — ^W.  C.  A.] 


209     Ibbotbon,  R.,  Shor^Mm  Works,  7  ShordiaM  Strmt, 

Sheffield — ^Manufacturer. 
Improved  bill  pruning  saw.   Black  ebony  plated  handle 
saw.  Rosewood  handle  saw,  brass  plate.  Boxwood  handle, 
blue  back    saw.     Angica  wood  handle  saw.      London 
pattern  hand  and  back  saw. 


210  Matkin,  T.,  Hawley  Croft,  Sheffield— Uaaahe/tanr, 
Specimens  of  shears. 

21 1  Tatlor  Brothers,  Jo«.  &  John,  ^im^inM  Lame, 

Sheffield — Manufitcturers. 

Specimens  of  saws: — ^American  mill,  cast-aieel ;  Pit; 
Russian  cross-cut;  M-tooth,  or  continental  cross-cut; 
circular;  segment,  or  part-circular;  suaged,  or  veneering 
circular;  bUlet,  or  woodcutters'  heb;  and  polished  billet, 
Ohio  or  fleam  tooth. 

Ripping-saw,  with  French-polished  boxwood  handle, 
electro-plate  screws.  The  novelty  consists  in  the  handle 
and  the  etchings  which  represent  the  difierent  procsMes 
of  saw  manufacturing. 

Sash  or  tenon-saw,  with  French-polished  ebonr  handle, 
and  electro-plate  screws ;  with  a  representation  of  Windsor 
Castle  and  raik  on  the  handle. 

Hand-saw,  with  French-polished  beeoih  handle. 

Polished  hand-saw,  witn  Frendi-polished  rosewood 
handle,  raised  steel  screws,  and  etched. 

Polished  panel-saws,  with*  French-polished  box  and 
zebra-wood  handles,  and  etched. 

Polished  hand-saw,  with  Ohio  or  fleam  tooth,  Rvodi* 
polished  ebony  handle,  raised  steel  screws,  and  etdied. 

Polished  plate,  brass  back,  sash  or  tenon-Mtw,  wHh 
French-polisned  beech  handle. 

Polished  panel  saw,  with  French-polished  ebony  handle, 
electro-plate,  and  etched. 

Panel-saw,  with  French-polished  horse-flesh  handle. 

Ripping-saw,  wiUi  Fruich-polished  lebra  handle,  and 
raised  steel  screws. 

[The  use  of  a  ripping-saw  is  to  separate  the  fibres  of 
timber  by  eroding  a  portion  of  the  fibre  itself,  to  pre* 
serve  an  even  way,  and  as  an  alternative  to  splitting. 
The  crosscut-saw  separates  the  fibre  by  a  cut  trans- 
versely, and  effects  more  neatly  and  truly,  and  with  less 
waste,  what  might  be  done  with  an  axe;  it  cats  logs 
into  shorter  lengths,  as  the  pit-saw  slits  logs  into  boards. 

The  tooth  of  a  ripping-saw  is  more  or  less  hooked,  that 
of  the  pit-saw  being  shaped  something  like  the  upper 
mandible  of  a  parrot;  whilst  the  tooth  of  the  croesomt- 
saw  returns  firom  its  point  or  i^^wx  at  an  equal  aagift  on 


KnaooH.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  26  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  8  TO  29. 


617 


both  adm  of  a  line  «t  ri^t  angles  to  the  edge  of  the 
bladie;  oooMquently  the  ripping-saw  bites  in  the  down- 
stroke  onlj,  iHiilst  the  crosscut-saw  can  cut  both  ways; 
and  it  does  so  when  worked  at  both  ends,  as  in  cutting 
logs  of  large  siies. 

TIm  saw  blade  is  commonly  thicker  at  the  serrated 
edge  than  at  the  back;  both  that  it  may  not  be  imneces- 
sarily  heaTy,  and  that  it  may  not  bind  in  the  cut  or  the 
kerf  (the  ripping-saw  makes  a  out,  the  crosscut-saw  a 
kerf),  though  this  latter  object  is  more  fiilly  provided  for 
by  the  setting  of  the  saw;  the  setting  being  the  bending 
outward  of  erery  tooth  alternately  on  one  side  and  on 
tlie  other,  to  such  an  extent  ss  the  nature  and  condition 
<^the  wood,  in  respect  of  woolliness  and  wetness,  or  their 
opposites,  may  render  a  wider  or  a  narrower  vpay  necessary 
or  sofflcient  for  the  free  psssage  of  the  blade  along  the 
cut  or  throi^  the  kerf. 

TsDon-Mtws  are  crosscut-saws  mainly,  and  as  their 
name  imports,  for  cutting  in  the  shoulders  to  tenons. 
Bat  these  are  shallow  cuts,  and  requiring  to  be  made 
with  neatness,  the  blade  is  made  rigid  by  a  back  which  is 
commonly  of  Inrass.  Narrow-bladed  saws,  for  cutting  in 
eurred  lines,  are  made  thicker  at  the  edge,  and  thinner 
at  the  back,  and  are  not  set.— W.  H.] 


212  BuMiiH,  Saxusl,  &  Sons,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 

1.  Bipping-Mtw,  polished  blade  and  handle,  with  sUver 
shield,  ornamented. 

2.  Hand-saw,  with  ebony  handle,  ornamented. 

3.  Hand-saw,  lebra  handle,  and  ornamented  with  a 
reprsMotation  of  the  Exhibition  building. 

4.  Bipping-saw,  polished  ebony  handle,  with  raised 
silver  screws. 

5.  Bs^-Mtw,  polished  blade  and  handle,  with  silver 
ahield  and  fluted  back. 

6.  A  similar  one,  with  aebra  handle. 

7.  Another,  with  silver  back,  engraved  and  etched  on 
blade. 

8.  Another,  poliMhed  blade  and  satiu-wood  handle, 
silver  back,  and  etched  blade. 

9.  Back -saw,  polished  blade  and  handle,  eilver  back, 
and  handle  inlaid  with  silver,  shield  engraved. 

1 0.  Another,  with  a  bright  back. 

1 1 .  A  similar  one,  blued. 

12.  Hand-saw,  polifthed  blade  and  rosewood  handle, 
ornamented,  with  silver  screws  and  etched  blade. 

l:<.  Hand-saw,  polished  blade,  and  satiu-wood  handle, 
decorated  with  silver  shield  and  etched. 


213    Whittles  &  Fboooart,  1  ^ >0  West  Street,  Sheffield— 

Maniifactiu^rs . 
Surgical  instnmients  and  penknives. 


214    Stanifobth,  Thomas,  Ifackenthorp,  near  Sheffield — 

Manufacturer. 

Sit-kles  and  hooks  used  in  England.  Hooks  used  in 
Wale*.  Sickles  and  h<x>ks  used  in  Ireland  and  Scotland. 
Sicklea  used  in  Poland  and  Russia.  Sickles  and  hooks 
nMsA  in  Xorth  America,  United  States,  South  America, 
ami  WeMt  Indies. 

Scythes  used  in  England,  Ireland.  Scotland,  and  North 
America.     Bramble  scythe  used  in  the  United  States. 


21.*)     HcTTON  &  Newtom,  Ilujh-lmiey  near  Sfieffield — 

Mxuiufacturers. 

Patent  and  croan  hiiy  and  straw  knives. 

Trown  and  iiatent  scj-the**,  suitable   for  the  colonies 
>/{  New  Smth  Walcw,  Austnili<i,  &c. 

Cniwn  and  jiateiit  narrow  Guuida  prasM  scythe. 

In*n  s<K:kete<l  t^rass  h«x>k,  suitable  for  the  East  Indies. 

Sickle,  suitable  for  the  colony  of  thu  Ca|)e  of  Good 
Hope,  Ibc. 


Best  bright  Russian  sickle,  with  polished  handle,  hoop, 
and  ring.     Polish  and  Canadian  sickles. 

Reaping-hook  and  sickle,  suitable  for  Australia^  New 
South  Wales,  &o. 

Bagging  or  fagging  hook. 

Sickle,  suitable  for  the  United  States  of  America. 

Spanish  and  rice  sickles. 


216  Shaw  &  Son,  Sheffield—MMnuhctoren, 
An  assortment  of  magnets. 

217  Cutler,  J.,  6A<r^eAf— Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  edge  tools. 

218  Mabpleb,  Wiuliam,  Sheffield— Manuhctuiet. 
Kingswood  plated  brace,  with  straw  coloured  bits. 
Beechwood  unplated  brace,  without  bits. 

Centre  bits.  Brace  with  improved  pad,  by  which  the 
bits  are  introduced  with  much  greater  facility  into  the 
receptacle  provided  for  holding  them. 

219  Carfitt,  Thomas,  &  Son,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturers. 

A  collection  of  scythes,  suitable  for  mowing  or  cutting, 
and  used  for  the  various  purposes,  and  in  the  various 
counties  and  countries,  enumerated  as  follows  : — 

Garden  and  grass-plot  borders.  Canada.  Rice.  Foiged 
Cheshire.  Cheshire,  showing  the  under  side.  American 
com,  showing  the  under  side.  Broad-pointed  Cheshire. 
Yorkshire,  West  Ridmg.  Yorkshire,  East  Riding.  West- 
moreland, &c. 

Chaff,  rag,  and  turnip  machines.  Chaff-box.  Hay- 
trussing,  hay-knife,  and  shear-steel  round. 

Elbowed,  Irish,  and  bagging  hook.    Cast-steel  round. 

Cast-steel  Kendal  hook.  Round,  ribbed,  crane,  elastic, 
Cheshire  and  Kendal  sickles. 

Specimens  of  round  steel,  shear  and  oast: — 

T^e  patent  scythe,  consisting  of  a  cast-steel  blade,  with 
an  iron  rib  rivetted  upon  the  upper  side,  and  elongated 
at  the  heel  of  the  scvthe  into  a  tang.  One  of  the  pecu- 
liarities of  this  scythe  consists  in  the  blade  and  flange- 
rib,  the  back  e<lge  of  which  turns  up,  and  meets  the 
flange  of  the  rib,  to  give  it  strength  and  lightness.  The 
forged  scythe  consists  of  steel,  which  forms  the  edge, 
welded  between  two  strings  of  iron,  as  a  back. 


220  Sreltons,  Samukl  &  Ralph,  Sheffield  and  Attercliffe 

— Manufacturers. 
Shovels  and  spades  for  various  uses.     Draining-tools. 

221  Taskeb,  John,  Sheffield — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Pair  of  cricket  shoes  with  gutta  percha  bottoms ;  made 
principally  by  machinery,  api)licable  to  the  manufacture 
of  various  kinds  of  boots  or  slioes ;  su{)orior  for  durability 
and  aj>i)oarance ;  made  in  one-third  of  the  time,  and 
much  choaiKjr  than  the  ordinary  boots  or  shoes. 

222  Burrows,  Samuel,  94  Spring  Street,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  table  cutlery  in  black  tip,  self-tip,  white 
bone,  Gonuau  silver,  ivory,  plated  on  steel,  and  ivory  and 
l)earl ;  with  patent  steel  blades,  and  ornamental  shanks. 

223  Cooper,  G.,  Wicker  Lane,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturer. 

Specimen  of  registered  Venetian  chimney-top.  De- 
sij;ne<l  to  create  an  upwanl  draught,  and  to  jirevent 
<lowuwar(l  draught.  The  lower  courses  are  inteude<l  to 
give  a  direction  to  the  wind  impinging  against  them, 
which  pnxluces  an  upwanl  current,  and  the  top  courses 
intercept  and  break  the  force  of  all  wind  from  above, 
before  it  can  in  wiy  way  affect  the  flue. 

As  there  are  no  parts  of  this  chimney-top  where  soot 
can  hxlge,  it  will  always  bo  kept  clean  by  the  wind  blow- 
ing through  it. 


618 


Glass  22.— OENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


rUHTTED 


224  HiNCHCUFFE,  John,  8  Hermitage  Street,  Sheffield 

— Manu&cturer. 

Flambeaux  dagger  hunting  clasp-knife,  10^  in.  haft, 
carved  in  pearl  representing  the  cutlers'  arms,  with  carved 
scrolls  and  flowers  in  bas-relief,  cased  in  gold  edge,  with 
gold  guard. 

Gentlemen's  Whamcliffe  knives,  in  pearl,  shell,  ivory, 
and  stag  handles.  Ladies'  knives,  in  pearl,  ivory,  &c. 
American  hunting  lock  knives,  in  fancy  handles,  &c. 

225  Lkon,  Abraham,  Sheffield — ManufiM^urer. 
American  hunters'  knives,  various  sizes  from  20  inches 

downwards,  in  Morocco  and  electro-plate  sheaths. 

Dagger  knives,  electro-plate  and  Morocco  sheaths,  with 
black  and  pearl -dotted  handles. 

Also,  pierced  electro  plate,  with  silk  velvet  sheath. 

226  Sandebson,  Thomas  Joseph,  Sheffield— 

Manufacturer. 
Anvils  for  the  use  of  engineers,   blacksmiths,   and 
farriers.    Anvil  for  exportation.     Bright  and  black  vices, 
for  blacksmiths.    Bright  saw  vice. 

226a       Hague,  S.,  Devonshire  lAtne,  Sheffield — 

Manufactiu-er. 
Fancy  penknives,  varying  in  the  ntmiber  of  blades, 
with  corkscrews,  silver  pencils,  &c. ;  and  handles  of  tor- 
toiseshell,  mother-of-pearl,  iyory,  and  horn. 

228  HUNTEB,  E.,  Broomhall  Street,  Sheffield—- 

Manufacturer. 

Scissors  and  shears  of  all  descriptions,  with  modem 
improvements. 

Specimens  of  these  'articles,  in  the  various  stages  of 
mannfactiure.         

229  Nelson,  John,  Sheffield— Inventor, 

Set  of  parturition  forceps,  for  difficult  parturition  in 
domesticated  animals. 
Pair  of  forceps  for  giving  balls  to  horses. 

230  Jones,  J.,  33  West  Field  Terrace,  Sheffield— 

Inventor  and  Patentee. 
Qlass  for  sash-bars,  frames,  columns,  cornices,  windows, 
looking  glass  and  picture  frames.     The  glass  is  flint  and 
coloured,  and  is  plain,  moulded  or  cut. 

231  LiNLET,  O.  A.  F.,  43  Hegent  Street,  Sheffield, 

Yorkshire — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Horse-shears  and  sheep-shears. 
Wool-sorters  or  thatchers'  shears. 
Improved  gentlemen's  grass  shears. 
Qlovers',  limiting  or  dn^iging,  and  rag  shears. 

232  Bell,  John  &  Jonathan,  /S^j^dii— Manufacturers. 
Silver  fruit  knives. 


233        Peace,  Joseph,  ^A<;j^/ii— Manufacturer. 

Hand-saw,  ornamented  japanned  handle. 

Ripping-saw,  rosewood  handle,  with  registered  plates. 

Hand-saws,  zebra  and  ornamented  japanned  handles. 

Back-saws,  sebra,  rose,  and  beech-wood  handles,  with 
and  without  brass  backs. 

FMiel-saw,  hand-saw,  and  ripping-saw. 

Hand-saw,  English  measure  on  the  back. 

Back-saws,  various  sizes,  and  some  with  brass  backs. 

The  above  are  all  ornamented  on  the  plates  in  a  new 
style. 

Russian  crosscut-saw,  plain  and  blued,  with  the  mark 
gilt.  Russia  frame-saw.  Mill-saw  web.  Brass-back  saw, 
lebra  handle  and  steel  screws.  Iron-back  saw,  beech 
handle,  &c.  Saw  cook  knives.  Turkish  dagger.  Pannel- 
saw,  mahogany  handle,  steel  screws. 

Hand-saw,  eebra  handle,  registered  plates,  and  English 
measure  on  the  back.  Chopping-knife.  Turkish  hand- 
saw. 

Large  circular  saw,  with  spindle  and  spanners  com- 
plete, each  tooth  ornamented  with  a  bird's  head,  the 


plate  ornamented  with  the  T^liA^  Ainarienk,  Roarian, 
and  Sheffield  arms.  Spring  steel  band-saw,  with  regis- 
tered plates  in  brass.  BiUet-web.  Sprisff  steel  hand- 
saw, with  registered  plates  in  polished  steu. 

Glass  frame,  contaming  registration  deed  for  the  im- 
proved plan  of  plating  saw-h^dles. 

Glass  case,  contaimng  old  style  of  marlnng  n,yn  and 
the  new  style  introducMl  by  the  exhibitor. 

Glass  case,  containing  saw-handles,  with  plates  in  the 
old  style  and  in  the  new  registered  s^le. 


233a    Peace,  Henbt,  Sheffield— JAjuxaSaeinnit, 
Samples  of  files  and  rasps  of  every  description. 


234        Cocker  &  Sons,  Hathersage,  DerhyaMre — 

Manufacturers. 

Needles,  in  every  stage  of  their  mannfaefenre,  from  the 
wire  of  cast  steel  to  the  finished  article. 

The  exhibitors,  being  the  drawers  of  card  and  other 
wire,  a  process  which  originated  with  their  anoeston,  a 
century  ago,  Mr.  Huntsman,  of  AtterclifTe,  idio  fint 
refined  carbonated  iron,  and  which  has  been  a  sonice  of 
great  wealth,  not  only  in  the  manufiicture  of  csst  steel, 
but  in  the  great  variety  of  articles  of  outlery  for  which 
Sheffield  is  so  celebrated,  suggested  to  them  thai  it 
would  be  mutually  advantageous  if  they  could  snoceed  in 
drawing  cast  steel  made  from  his  carbonated  iron.  The 
suggestion  was  adopted,  the  attempt  was  made,  and  the 
cast  steel  and  the  wire  made  from  it  are  now  artieles 
of  very  extensive  exportation. 

Specimens  numbmd  in  the  order  of  numulSMstare: — 

Wire:  1,  cut  double  length  of  a  needle;  3,  stnight- 
ened;  3,  pointed  at  each  end;  4,  groored,  Ibr  two 
needles;   5,  eyed,  for  two  needles. 

Needles:  6,  threaded;  7,  filed  on  the  sides;  8,  filed 
on  the  heads;  9,  broken  in  two;  10,  drilled  in  the 
oye  ;  11,  hardeneii  ;  12,  tempered  ;  13,  stnughtened 
14,  scoured,  first  time ;  15,  seonred,  seoond  time 
16,  scoured,  third  time  ;  17,  scoured,  foorth  time 
18,  glazed;  19,  headed,  and  pidLed  from  waste;  20,  blued 
in  the  eye  and  groove;  21,  drilled  in. the  eye;  22,  first 
extra  polish;  23,  second  extra  polish;  24,  third  extra 
polish ;  25,  blued  in  the  eye  and  groove ;  26,  gold-eyed  ; 
27,  papered,  twenty -five  in  a  paper;  28,  pi^iered  and 
tucked;  29,  papered  in  envelopes;  30,  labelled,  in  en- 
velopes, and  on  purple  paper;  31,  in  caees. 

Wire  of  various  lands: — 32,  pinion  and  dick  wire,  for 
clocks  and  watches ;  33,  music  wire,  for  planofortea ; 
34,  watch  and  chronometer  spring  wire ;  35,  oaet  steel, 
hammered  fiat,  half  fiat,  and  square. 

Nos.  36-41.  Hackles,  frt)m  large  hatchel  to  ISO's  fine. 
Gills,  for  dividing  the  fibres  of  fiax  in  madiinecy.  HaoUe- 
pins.   Qill-pins.    Wool-combers*  broaches.  Spiral  apings. 

42.  Particles  of  cast  steel,  taken  from  p^^  vmod  m  oon- 
veying  away  the  dust  occasioned  in  grincung  needles  on 
dry  stones,  and  which  would,  if  allowed  to  float  in  the 
air,  be  inhaled  by  the  grinders,  thereby  fawising  a  com- 
plaint until  lately  very  common,  and  hitherto  inonraUe. 

[About  twelve  or  fifteen  years  ago,  several  methods  were 
tried  to  remedy  this,  but  they  did  not  effectually  succeed 
until  a  powerful  ttm,  as  represented  in  the  plan  **"^^ 
on  the  boards  at  the  end  of  the  counter,  was  put  up,  oo 
which  is  shown  a  grinder  at  wotk,  and  the  blaee  of  fire 
arising  from  the  stone  in  the  act  of  pointing,  with  the 
fan  underneath,  drawing  the  dust  and  particles  of  steel 
down  the  pipe,  and  leaving  the  atmosphere  of  the  room 
perfectly  clear  and  free  from  all  iigurious  effects;  so  that 
dry  grinders  have  now  the  chance  of  living  as  loQg  as 
other  men;  without  this  iq>paratus  they  cannot  now  be 
induced  to  woHl;  it  is  therefore  univenally  adopted.] 


235    Bbown,  John,  Atlas  Steel  Works,  SieffiM— 

Manufiiotorer. 
Conical  railway  spring  buffer,  with  wroufi^t-iron  cylin- 
der plungers  of  varied  actions  and  rsiistiQg  powen^  suit* 


KnroDOM.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


619 


able  for  wwggaim,  goods  Tans,  locomotive  engmes  and  ten- 
den,  and  paaaenger  oarriagea. 

[Hm  utility  of  the  railway  buffer  oonaists  in  its 
tendency  to  counteract  the  effscta  of  the  shock  which 
ariaea  from  the  stoppage  of  a  railway  train  on  the  line. 

The  momeDtum  of  the  stopping  body  is  dissipated 
by  the  application  of  an  elastic  medium,  which  opposes 
some  resistance  to  the  body  which  gives  the  blow.  In 
the  present  instance,  a  steel  spring  is  used,  which  is 
enclosed  in  a  cylinder  having  a  piston  with  a  correspond- 
ing end  fltaffbd  and  covered  with  leather  works  in  it. 
The  blow  drives  back  this  plunger  against  the  spring, 
which  to  a  certain  extent  resists,  and  thereby  dissipates 
the  efiecta  of  the  collision. — ^W.  C.  A.] 

FKUnt  oonioal  railway  drawing  spring,  for  railway-car- 
riagea  and  waggons,  of  3-inch  action,  and  75  cwt.  resisting 
power,  with  one  pair  of  miniature  brass  buffers,  which 
ma.T  be  pressed  to  show  the  action.  The  mechanical 
action  of  these  springs  consists  in  one  coil  falling  within 
the  other  until  they  assume  a  planular  form.  They  are  ca- 
pable of  adaptation  to  any  dMcription  of  railway  plant. 

Conical  buffer  springs,  without  fittings. 

Tjnninat<ed  laiiwav-carriage  and  waggon  buffer  and 
drawing  spring,  weighing  200  lbs. 

PiBSwigfir  railway-carriage  spring,  with  tension  bar  and 
dipa  complete,  weighing  127  lbs. 

Bailway  goods  van  spring,  with  spear-point  ends,  and 
extra  steel  eoshion  bearings,  weighing  112  lbs. 

Mineral  wi^;gon  bearing  sprinp,  weighing  70  lbs. 

Regiaftared  mineral  and  goods  waggon  bearing  spring 
and  <3ip.  The  improvement  in  this  spring  consists  in  its 
bearins  from  the  centre,  and  thus  bringing  into  action  tiie 
whole  length  of  the  plates;  the  spring  is  adiso  strengthened 
by  having  studs  in  the  centre,  instead  of  holes  punched 
throng  to  hold  the  plates  together;  weighing  62  lbs;  re- 
sisting power,  4|  tons. 

Impivved  railway-waggon  bearing  spring,  with  tension 
rods;  intended  to  be  used  where  great  action  is  not  re- 
quired, and  to  provide  for  the  inequalities  in  the  height  of 
wa^^gons  when  loaded;  weighing  only  44  lbs.,  with  4  tons 
rritusting  power. 

Specimens  of  engineering  and  machine  files. 


23*>    HuxLET,  Heriot,  k  Co.,  Castie  Street^  Long  Acre 
— Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

C'jok's  patent  self-regiilating  stoves  for  attaching  to 
brick  flues,  with  new  mode  of  controlling  and  preventing 
exceM  of  heat.  Self-acting  regulator,  as  used  on  Cook's 
{latent  stoves. 

1-xxmomic  gas  stove  for  heating  water  or  warming 
rooDiB.  Uas  stove  with  enclo«^  cockle,  from  which  the 
products  of  combustion  are  carried  away. 

Hydraulic  stove,  heated  by  gas,  the  cylinder  containing 
water  suited  for  small  conservatories,  Ac,  or  to  place 
horixontally  enclo8e<l  in  ornamental  case. 

Ornamental  candelabrum  for  gas,  lacquered  or-molu. 
Elizabethan  chandelier  for  gas,  designed  by  3iair.  Fancy 
chandeliers  for  gas,  and  ornamental  bracket  for  gas,  now 
dasigna. 

237  Jeakes,  William,  51  Great  Eitsseli  Street — 

Inventor,  D^igner,  and  Manufacturer. 

Improved  ventilating  stove  grate,  the  heating  surfaces 
of  which  are  composed  entirely  of  pure  fire  loam,  the 
object  being  to  prevent  the  decomposition  or  burning  of 
the  air.  The  air  which  feeds  the  fire  is  supplied  fn)m 
an  external  source,  and  thus  all  draughts  are  prevented. 

Improverl  grate  for  the  chimney-piece,  exhibited  by 
Mr.  Thomas,  of  Church  Street,  Paddington. 

238  Glenton  8c  Chapman,  147  Xew  Bond  Strcd-^ 

Manufacturers. 

White  marble  statuary  chimney-piece,  with  carved  foot 
an^l  trusses. 

Bright  polished  steel  renter-stove,  with  rich  or-niolu 
omaoients,  in  style  of  Louis  Quatorse. 


Bright  polished  steel  fender  and  fire-  irons  en  mite. 
Improved  portable  vapour-bath,  with  cloak  complete, 
in  a  japanned  box. 

239      PRIDEAUX,  Thomab  Stmes,  2  Garden  Itoad, 
St.  John* 8  Wood — Inventor. 

Dwelling-house  grate,  consistiug  of  a  simple  .plan  of 
feeding  at  the  bottom,  by  which  smoke  is  prevented,  and 
economy  attained. 

[Dr.  Franklin  designed  a  stove  to  turn  on  a  centre,  so 
that  when  requiring  fuel  it  could  be  reversed,  fed,  and 
placed  again  in  its  proper  position.  The  smoke  from  the 
fresh  fuel,  having  to  pass  through  the  burning  fuel  above, 
was  converted  into  flame. — S.  C] 

Model  of  a  patent  steam-engine  boiler,  capable  of  sup- 
plying a  great  quantity  of  steam  in  proportion  to  its  size 
and  expenditure  of  fuel. 

Model  of  a  patent  machine  for  cutting  agricultural 
drains  in  clay  soils.  Also  adapted  to  land  requiring 
minute  subdivision. 


240     Butteblet,  Richard,  Greenhill,  Sheffield — 

Manufacturer. 

1.  Patent  Irish  hook.  No.  3,  cast-steel  blade,  elastic 
back;  rivetted. 

2.  G.  B.  sickle,  cast-steel.  No.  4;  coarse  cut. 

3.  Improved  elastic  sickle.  Its  lightness,  strength,  and 
elasticity  have  given  it  an  advantage  over  every  other 
kind  of  sickle,  which  has  been  fully  proved.  Exhibited 
for  special  inspection. 

4.  Elastic  cast-steel  Andrew  hook,  large  size,  combining 
lightness  and  strength. 

5.  Elastic  cast-steel  Kent  sickle.  No.  4;  very  light, 
with  sufficient  strength. 

6.  Scotch  sickle-hook,  shear-steel.  No.  0;  cut  to  the 
point. 

7.  Small  grass-hook,  universal.  No.  0;  shear-steel. 

8.  Bright  Russia  sickle,  elastic  cast-steel.  No.  2. 

9.  Bean,  or  brushing  hook,  elastic  cast-steel.  No.  2. 

10.  Kendal  hook,  Hhear-steel,  No.  4. 

11.  John  Bull  pickle,  elastic  cast-steel.  Exhibited  for 
its  superior  qualities,  which  have  been  tested  by  four 
years'  hard  serx-ice. 

12.  The  Tomlin  shaped  sickle,  shear-steel.  No.  4. 

13.  Poland  sickle,  cast-steel,  No.  1. 

14.  Elastic  cast-steel  Philadelphia  sickle.  No.  5. 

15.  Elastic  cast-steel  Yorrack  sickle,  No.  5. 

16.  Shear-steel  Hollander  sickle.  No.  1. 

17.  Elastic  cast-steel  Windsor  hook.  No.  5;  cut  at  the 
point. 

18.  Elastic  cast-steel  elbowed  Scotch  hook,  No.  3. 

19.  Elastic  cast-steel  bagging-hook,  No.  G. 

20.  Elastic  cast-steel  28-iuch  yowing-hook. 


241       Edwards,  David  Owkn,  5  Sydney  Place, 

Bromfjton — Inventor. 

Patent  "atmopyre"  hoods,  or  artificial  embers;  they 
are  made  of  porcelain;  the  gaH  is  introduced  inUj  the  inte- 
rior, and  esciiiH.»«  through  small  i)erforation8  in  the  sides, 
l-50th  of  an  inch  in  diameter,  and  when  ignited,  bums 
with  a  ]>ale  blue  fiaino,  and  emitting  little  or  no  light, 
in  a  few  minutes  the  mass  becomes  red-hot.  They  thus 
constitute,  when  used  in  the  aggregate,  a  solid  fire. 

The  iimer  case,  in  which  this  artificisil  fire  is  contained. 

An  example  of  a  complete  atmopyre,  adapted  to  the 
halting  of  apiu^ments. 

A,  kitchen  range  of  porcelain,  adapted  to  bring  into  use 
the  atmopyre  hoods. 

[Chemists  have  long  employed  gas  burnt  in  the  manner 
described  for  the  purposes  of  the  laboratory  on  a  small 
scale.  By  covering  a  cylinder  of  copjMjr  with  wire  gauze, 
and  discharging  coal  gas  into  tlie  lower  i>art  so  as  to  cause 
it  to  unite  with  a  certain  volume  of  atmospheric  air,  a 
gaseous  mixture  is  produced,  which  bums  over  the  wire 
gauze  with  a  blue  lambent  flame.     The  perforated  hoods 


Class  22.— GENEBAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M,  N.  0.  18  TO  20.  &  25  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  A  P.  3  TO  29. 


of  porceluD,  io  the  invcmtion  described,  im  the  represen- 
tatirea  of  the  chemiita'  wire  gouEe,  with  the  ndvultage, 
for  he^ldng  pwpiMM,  tltat  they  retun  a  portton  of  the 
heKt  developed  by  the  oombiution  of  the  mixture  of  coal 
gu  ukd  air,  which  ia  remarkably  intenee. — R.  E.] 

242  Wbithee  t  Chapman,  IS  Fmeluircli  Bmldingi, 

70  3t.  Jolm  3lrea,  aad  11  Say  Strttt,  Chriatwtll 
— Haoufacturen. 
Buiiteied  mill  for  grinding  coKe,  with  anti-(Hotton 
wheel  to  cairy  the  fly-wheel,    CoS^loill,  of  diflereot 

Universal  ooni-crusher,  for  bniiung  oata,  barley,  malt, 
beam,  peaa,  linaeed,  &c. ;  the  same,  with  an  ei^  thjII 
attached,  to  grind  barley  meal. 

Floor-mill,  with  Fnnch  bean  storea  and  dreesing 
machine  for  grinding  and  dressing  flom:  at  one  operation; 
Ae  aatoe,  with  steelmill  and  dressing  machine. 

Smoke-jack  for  roasting  meat,  ic. 

243  ForK,WiUAAM,  Sc  Bon.  SO  km  Edgeiauv  Ed.,  imd 

Oivce  Faimdry,   Li$XM  Oroee  —  iDvantors  and 
Hanufacturen. 
Patent   double-action  rare^r'^  atoves,    omamented. 
Sectaon,  showing  the  interaal  anangements. 


noigeaDd  siqnh  eiatsm,  hot  doM^  staam 
kettle,  tea-ketUe^  bath,  ad  Mh  ■tsviL 

244  Cbook,  Wua.UK,  5  CamabjiBtrmt — InTsntar  and 

Hot  plate,  ovan  and  boiler,  kitchen  laaga,  and  inqtroracl 
□utaide  movement  smoka-jaok,  with  dan^  mOTsment 
and  cradle  spit. 

IUIoth'  iitove;  a  larger  number  of  Irons  oan  be  heated, 
with  a  mnaller  quantity  of  fiiel,  and  in  lea*  time  than  bj 
tba  ordinary  atove. 


245    CoiMBLL,  T.,  Msasrs.  FEETHUi*a,  Clifford  Stred, 
Bund  Street — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Model  of  a  coining  apparatoa,  to  be  oaed  aithar  with 
ooal  or  gaa.    Suitable 
eatablishmenta. 


r  club-honaM  and  otliar  lai^ 


247  BuxToir,  Wiuuk  Suidbl,  39  0^f<>^d  at. 
and  Hanobotuivr. 

New  nautilus  register  stove.     Fender,  and 
piece  for  the  same.     See  the  cut  below. 

Begiitered  ornamental  fenders.    Sundry  mata] 


Bunim't  NhiiUi 
24B     Wahsih^  Gsoboe,  16  Anmdtl  Sfrwf— Inventor. 

Oss  stove  for  oooking,  made  of  fire-clay  enamelled, 
which  retains  and  radiates  the  heat  and  oauses  a  saving 
ofns. 

Qas  bath  for  beating  water  sufficient  for  a  large  bath 
in  ten  minutes,  at  the  coat  of  one  penny. 


I  R«fl«t«-4tav*. 

249     Onions,  Jobh  Colurowooi^  S3  Brailfijrd  Sbtit, 
Birmiiigliam — Manufacturer. 
Pair  of  42-ineh  smith's  bellows.  Pair  of  36-inch  smith's 
bellows,  with  galvaniied  iron  woA. 

Improved  pwlable  forge,  complete,  with  vice. 
House  bellows,   bney  saUn-wood.       Mahogany    and 
jqumned  bellows,  different  pattenu. 


INCLtmiNG  LOOKS  AND  GBATE8. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  1«  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  T 


250  CARinuoHT  &  HiBOHS,  138  &  139  Omit  CAortn 
SIrttt,  Bii  mingkan — DeBgnerv  and  Mumfectunm. 
EUetiQ-platA  on  Oemikn  ailver: — Wutar.  Revalring 
liqiiciir-&Biiia.  Antique  cruet-Enune,  mppoited  by  dol- 
pluDB.  Cmrt&muia.  8a]»d  or  fniit-BtAixU.  Butter- 
CDoIen.  Sugv-baBknta.  Egg-fnme.  Inkitaud.  Cake  and 
fruit  bMkrt.    Card-b«keta.    Small  flower-itanda,  &c. 


Tatu»,  Sakdel,  IIT  Sew  Cinal  Street, 
Bimimjh/Bn — Kanufiuttuter. 
■  of  balloin,  aa  followa:— Alhambra,  an- 
■hoganj,  in  red  moroooo ;  Chineae,  maho- 
paj,  Aiaancta  birch,  ba^j  walout,  in  green  morocco; 
pHt^traa,  in  pun  moroeoo;  and  a  fine  article,  in  neat'a 
litfbir;  with  a  common  aiticlo,  aduted  for  the  export 
(•■de.  

252   I 


I,  JoHX  C,  Mimnotdk  Street,  Sirmmgham — 
InTcotor. 

R«Birt«i<d  WBter-domt,  fitted  in  mahogany  case  to  ei- 
hibit  tbe  woridng  of  the  apparattu  when  &zsd.  Cabinet 
watOT  Blnaat,  made  of  china  and  earthenware :  manufno- 
turan,  Haman.  Bidgway  &  Co,,  Cauldon  Place,  Stafford- 
■hire  PMterif.    'Tbn  »"""">^  out  givM  a  reprtMBtation 


«a«"T 


Re)tiiil«red  bran  tap,  CB|iabIe  of  hearing  great  preeaure 
irilhout  leaking, 

Improred  ihoe  and  ruund  ralvve,  with  one  Rnn^  in- 
M\tmii  tif  two,  the  weight  and  ball  beinj;  tapped  oni)  threodeil 
*»  aa  to  admit  of  new  leathering  without  removing  the 

253  Aluut,  Wm.,  324  C/mtiMkn  Hill,  Birmmjham  — 
Uanufacturor. 

Japanned  bellowi,  inlaid  with  pearl,  with  view  nf  tbe 
cathrdral  of  Kotre  Dnme,  Antwerp.  Jagianued  dunt- 
Wllom,  with  pearl  flowers,  Outhic  shape.  Funcy  bellows. 
I'faamber  bellowa,  roeewood,  oarred,  anil  French  piiliBhed. 
Parlour  belluwa,  walnut,  tumeil  top.  Miiliiigany  bellows, 
with  bniB  pipe  and  nailii,  French  lAttem.  Cominua 
kitctien  belluwu.  Fumirating,  or  spring  bellows,  used  fur 
•ItvtriiyinK  iiuects  on  plants,  in  gnnlens,  hothouses,  &c. 
Small  ■Diitbs'  I-ellowa,  with  galviuiizud  nwls,  made  in  tlie 
i>rii;liul  London  slyle.     Ijunji  Ih'IIuh-h.  uh.iI  for  soldurinR. 

Suiall  fancy  lortoidoahell  bellows,  inliiid  with  pciu-1. 
Siiial!  fancy  bellows,  tnrt&n  pattern;  one  pair  covered  with 
HAtin.  Hmall  dust  bellows.  Butchers'  bellows,  iiseil  in 
piilfing  up  loeat.  Pair  of  bellows,  maple  wood,  aculloped 
r^K'"-    nir  of  S-l-inch  round  bellows,  with  fnmo  com- 


Improved  portable  forge,  with   vico  and  hearth  at- 


254       OBirFITRS,  Tbonab  F.,  68  Bradford  Street, 


Article*  in  tinned  iron : — Teniaon  diah  and  cover  Mid 
Boup  tureen  and  cover;  stamped,  no  seam  or  biwing. 
Hot-water  dish  and  cover,  and  spirit-lamp  dish  and  cover. 
Hot-water  vegetable  diiibes  and  coveis;  oblong  dish- 
cover;  oval-dome  top  dish-covers,  and  soup  tureen  and 
cover;  no  seam  orhnzing.  Oblong  vegetable  diah  and 
cover,  gadroon  edge,  Stamped  hot-water  plate;  thft 
some  with  eorthem  plate.  Oblong  tea-um.  Bound 
lund  cofiee-urn  with  Slter.  Stamped  tea 
didi-eoTW, 


le  by  hand. 


kettle.     Plate-covers,  and  eitm  large  Albeit  d 

Tinned  iron  tea  and  coffee  servicea,  Copper-tji 
cake  and  jelly  moulds.  Copper  numlda  made  by  hi 
Iron  moulds,  stamped.  Rare  and  curious  ir 
Tinned  iron  and  copper  sancepans,  no  seam  or  bming. 
Tinned  iron  candlesticks,  limied  iron,  oopper,  and 
brass  funnels,  l^nned  iron  flour-diadfjer,  no  leam  or 
bluing,     llnned  iron  tobacco  box. 

Carets  Hecla  coffee-pots  on  stand,  with  spirit  lamp, 
each  bright  and  bronzed.  Carey's  Hecla,  fbr  the  fire. 
llnned  iron  egg-cup.  Rare  and  curious  iron  culinary 
goods,  coated  with  gloss.  Ornamented  toilet  servicea. 
Ornamented  toilet  vase,  in  iron. 

[This  coating  with  gloss,  a  kind  of  enamel,  is  a  French 
invention,  and  the  powder  of  wbioh  it  is  composed 
is  imported;  the  article  to  be  coated  is  gammed  or  uied 
over,  Gm  glaaa-powder  duitad  upon  It,  and  by  ezpoanra 
to  heat,  or  a  properly  oonitructed  oven  or  muffle,  the 
whole  is  fused  and  coated. 

The  specimens  of  iron  stampings  are  peculiar,  oa  exhi- 
biting tbe  ductility  of  the  iron,  and  oertain  improvementa 
in  the  mode  of  raising,  which  is  aooomplished  by  pres- 
sure and  repeated  annealings. — W.  C.  A.] 


2o5    CoPK  ft  CoLUNW>N,  Birmiagham,  and  63  BerviA 
Stmt,  Soho — Hanu&cturers. 

Specimens  of  castors  for  furniture,  ss  formerly  mode  ; 
and  of  Cope's  first  patent  improveil  castors,  having  three 
rollers  working  round  an  upright  spindle,  with  n  conical 
bearing.  Specimen  of  patent  round  Bucket,  and  other 
custom  having  a  cup-and-boll  action,  sepni^ied  to  show 
the  parts. 

Complete  sorios  of  socket  and  plate  castors.  Specimens 
of  various  fancy  patent  castors. 

A  large  plate-cnstor.  uxeil  for  large  dusting  platforms. 

Windsor  pivot-oaattir,  having  a  pin  or  pivot  action 
working  downwards  in  a  socket,  open  to  show  the  prin- 
ciple. 

Series  of  patent  movements  for  droBaing-glssses,  with 
model,  to  show  the  application:  tbe  centres  BTO  iron  balls 
working  in  jointed  frames,  snd  tightened  by  a  screw. 

Patent  globular  blind  mountingH,  with  moitel:  the 
action  is  a  ball  compressed  in  a  moveable  frame  acted 
iilion  by  a  set-screw,  n-ith  a  clip-guide  to  keep  the  cord 
tii^ht  while  winding  round  the  barrel  or  roller. 

Mudel,  showing  tbe  application  of  a  patent  bodstond- 
bmce  by  a  centre  ncrew  combined  with  a  curvc<t  wrought- 
-     -     '  -      drawing  the  |>oets  and  mils  firmly  together; 


tbe  01 


side  the  fnu 


liogisterod  music-stool  screw,  of  which  the 
ment  consists  in  tbe  screw  being  enclosed  in  a  cane,  me 
upper  port  of  which  is  lined  M-ith  an  elnstic  material, 
white  in  the  lower  |nrt  the  nut  is  firmly  fiiud. 

Registered  Venetian  blind,  with  ni'Klel.  showing  its 
application;  it  is  wound  up  like  a  roller  blind,  with  a 
rack  and  lever;  when  the  lever  is  relcaseil  it  brings  down 
a  breiik  on  tbe  roller.  wLicb  regulotas  the  action,  and 
nreventH  it  from  falling  suddenly. 

Folding  oiTiamental  l^>sei  fire-screens,  with  brackota  U. 


fix  to  Iho  I 


ill. 


nf  diflcrenl 
with  ilhistnitions  t^ 
facture,  from  the  ri 


sixes  uf  Home's  patent  butt  hinges, 
show  the  diflorent  stsgiw  nf  inanu- 
iigh.drawn  metal  to  the  finish:  this 


622 


Class  22.-OENEBAL  HARDWABE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  26  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


[Unitbd 


hinge  being  made  from  drawn  metal,  bj  machinery,  is 
true,  and  of  uniform  strength  and  thickness. 

Specimens  of  locks,  hinges,  springs,  and  iron  work 
used  in  the  manu&cture  of  pianofortes. 


256  RocKE,  WiLUAM,  Dudley — Inventor. 

Rails,  ornaments,  hinges  of  large  size,  cranks  for  engines, 
nails,  burs  or  mits  for  screws,  all  cast  from  wrought  iron 
scrap  from  the  cupola  of  a  foimdry,  showing  that  any- 
thing cast  from  metals  may  be  cast  from  wrought  iron, 
and  its  quality  for  toughness  retained. 

[The  process  of  manufacture  here  alluded  to  is  a  patent 
invention  of  some  importance.  Hitherto  malleable  cast- 
iron  has  been  produced  by  surrounding  the  articles  with 
powdered  iron  ore,  and  exposing  them  for  days  to  the 
heat  of  an  annealing  furnace.  By  the  process  here  illus- 
trated, old  rails  may  be  remanufactured. — W.  C.  A.] 


257    Habooubt,  William  &  Joseph,  209  Bristol  Street, 
Birmingham — ^Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  brass  foundry  used  by  bell-hangers,  con- 
sisting of  bell-levers,  pulls,  horisontal  and  quadrant,  some 
newly  designed. 

Specimens  of  brass  and  iron  bell  carriages,  and  of  the 
cast  iron  registered  bell  carriage  (the  first  made  in  iron). 
The  improvement  in  the  latter  consisted  in  substituting 
wrought  iron  stands  and  plates  with  brass  arms  to  increase 
its  durability  and  protect  it  from  rust. 

Purchase  cranks  with  iron  backs,  &c. 

Specimens  of  door-handles,  tea-bells,  cornice-poles  and 
ornaments,  hat  and  coat  hooks  and  castors,  of  new  and 
ornamental  construction. 

Vases  in  various  styles:  bronsse,  electro-silvered,  dead 
gold  and  relieved ;  also  fitted  with  improved  spring  igniter 
for  lighting  the  vesta  matches. 

Plain  and  ornamental  brass  boxes  for  holding  vesta 
matches  and  wax  tapers  in  various  styles  of  finish. 

Plain  three-quarter  covered  cornice-pole,  moimted 
complete,  with  centre  ornamented  en  suite  with  the 
bands  and  ends,  and  with  Arrowsmith's  patent  damask 
curtains  resembling  cut  velvet-pile. 


258      SoLLT,  James,  Leabrook  Iron  and  Steel  Works, 
Tipton,  near  Birmingham — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  English  iron  for  conversion  into  steel; 
and  of  various  kinds  of  steel;  and  articles  of  hardware 
and  cutlery,  made  from  the  steel,  namely: — 

Elliptic  carriage  spring;  hand-saws  and  circular  saw; 
files  of  various  kmds. 

Bush  chisels  and  gouges.  Carving,  dinner,  and  dessert 
knives. 

Scissors.  Pocket  and  penknives  of  various  kinds. 
Razors. 

These  articles  are  specimens  of  steel  and  steel  goods, 
made  of  English  iron. 


261  Malinb,  D.,  &  Son,  Birmingham — Manufacturers. 

Brass  window-cornices  and  ornaments.  Poles,  with 
ends,  rings,  and  brackets.  Curtain  bands  and  pins. 
Finger-plates  for  doors,  brass  and  japanned. 

[The  rich  dead  gold-like  colour  given  to  brass  work, 
and  which  has  been  introduced  within  the  last  thirty 
years,  was  discovered  as  the  result  of  an  accident.  The 
work  is  first  "  scaled  "  (or  roughly  cleansed)  by  immersion 
in  a  weak  solution  of  acid,  it  is  then  what  is  technically 
called  "feassed,"  vis.,  the  work  passed  through  a  stronger 
solution ;  "  deadening,"  follows,  and  this  is  effected  by 
means  also  of  acid,  but  of  such  a  degree  of  strength 
that  the  action  on  the  metal  though  recognisable  is  not 
of  a  violent  kind;  attention  is  necessary  to  this  point, 
otherwise  the  work  when  finished  will  present  a  mottled 


appearance;  it  is  now  dried  oat  in  saw-dust^  and  is  then 
passed  through  acid  of  ordinary  strength  and  dipped  into 
¥rater,  of  which  there  should  always  be  an  abundance  at 
hand,  imtil  the  acid  be  removed.  The  bright  parts  on 
the  metal  are  produced  by  burnishing;  gall  is  used  in 
connection  wiUi  the  steel  burnishers  to  prevent  their 
scratching,  and  the  article  to  be  burnished  is  from  time 
to  time  plunged  into  ai^l  and  water.  When  finished 
from  the  ''burnisher,"  it  is  dried  oat  in  boxwood  saw- 
dust, and  then  lacquered. — ^W.  C.  A.] 


262   Gray,  A,  St  Son,  9  Wenman  Street, 

Manuiactureni. 

Highly  polished  steel  fire  irons,  with  engraved  bomished 
steel  pans,  and  diamond,  octagon,  and  hexagon  cut; 
twisted,  fluted,  and  scolloped  shanks;  with  cnt  steel,  or- 
molu, bronzed,  silvered,  and  gilt,  Chkia,  glass,  pearl,  and 
ivory  heads. 

Standards  for  fire  irons;  with  octagon,  hexagon,  and 
twisted  pillars,  and  horns  varied  in  steel  and  or-molu. 

"Pokerettes;"  with  octagon,  sexagon,  and  twisted 
shanks,  and  cut  steel  grips. 

Coal  vase  tongs;  with  octagon,  sexagon,  and  twisted 
shanks. 

[Fire  irons  are  produced  by  foiging  out  of  square  bars 
of  iron;  the  swells  and  other  omamimtal  parts  are  formed 
by  means  of  "swages^**  m  MCi  of  mcmld,  one  portion  of 
which  is  placed  on  the  anvil,  while  the  other  is  held  by  a 
"  willow  twists  in  the  hand,  and  struck  with  a  hammer 
until  the  form  desired  is  arrived  at;  certain  parts  are  then 
filed;  the  roimd  portions  are  tonadin  a  latiie.  The 
articles  are  caae-bardenad  by  laying  them  in  an  iron 
box,  and  covering  than  with  animal  charcoal,  formed  of 
burnt  leather,  hooft,  fte. ;  the  whole  is  subjected  to  the 
operation  of  a  fire  or  atawe  imtil  heated  to  a  uniform  red 
heat ;  the  box  and  ita  contents  are  thereafter  taken  out  and 
pi  unged  into  water.  Polishing  succeeds,  which  is  done  by 
holding  the  article  against  a  wheel,  to  the  dmimference 
of  which  emery  is  attached  by  means  of  glue ;  another 
wheel  or  "  bob,"  with  finer  emery,  gives  a  hi^ier  degree 
of  finish,  and  the  final  and  brilliant  polish  is  given  by 
hand-friction  with  powdered  iron-stone.  The  more  highly 
wrought  qualities,  in  which  squares,  angles,  or  cuttingB 
are  introduced,  are,  alter  filing,  finished  on  a  soft-metal 
wheel ;  the  twisted  varieties  are  produced  by  the  forger, 
who,  when  the  metal  is  heated,  twists  it  into  a  screw  or 
spiral ;  the  pans  of  the  shovels,  &c.,  are  fbrmed  bj  the 
stamp,  and  perforated  by  the  press;  the  omamenti  and 
studs  are  produced  also  by  the  stamp;  they  are  aft«rwirds 
groimd  and  polished  on  a  soft-metal  wheel;  and  handles 
of  China,  glass,  bronze,  pearl,  &c.,  are  oocasioiially  intro- 
duced.—W.  C.  A.] 


263      Hands,  John,  Prospect  Bow,  BirminghaM — 

Manufiurturer. 
Specimens  of  ornamental  stamped  braas-fSoundrx;  oor- 
nice  pole  ends.  Curtain  bands;  registered  designs.  Fhi« 
ger  plates  for  doors.  Pins  for  curtBdn  supports.  Orna- 
ments for  cornices  and  other  purposes.  Onaments  for 
watch  hooks.  Holders  for  bell  ropes  and  ribbons.  Fnmea 
for  miniatures  or  pictures.  Coffin  ftimiture;  real  gilt; 
plated;  brass;  and  improved  black,  ftc. 

[Brass  is  a  composite  metal,  ita  base  being  o(^per,  the 
addition  of  zinc,  in  various  proportions,  truiafonning  it 
into  a  yellow  metal.  It  is  very  ductile,  and  is  capablo  of 
being  dmwn  into  wire,  flattened,  or  laminated  faito  aheeta, 
the  latter  operation  being  effected  by  means  of  rolls,  which 
are  propelled  by  machinery.  It  is  in  this  state  that  it  is 
usedby  stamped  brass-founders.  Stan^pedbraM-fimndiyia 


INCLUDINO  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  IH  TO  -'O,  &  25  Tii  27 ;  O.  9,  *  P.  3  to  29. 


«uuof>  "matrix,  or  die,"  *  "reTene,"uii] 
•  *tunp.  "Hw  "die,"  formedof  steel  or  cast-iron,  is  fixed 
bjfour  icrewi  to  the  bottom  of  the  stamp;  the  "reveme 
iiattrlied  to  the  banunar.  Pieoea  of  thin  braiu  are  m 
lasted  and  oat  to  aiw.  One  of  which  ia  laid  on  the  die  ; 
tba  liMiuiH>r  ia  releaaed,  ajid  the  "revene,"  which  ia  at- 
tadied  Ihseto,  falls  with  it,  and  foroea  the  thin  metal 
bIo  the  matrix.  It  ia  then  annealed:  some  alight  altera- 
tioD  ia  made  in  the  "nverae,"  by  meuis  of  which  it  im- 
ffLaaija  more  deeply,  by  its  action  from  behind,  furcea  the 
thin  plate  into  the  die,  and  thereby  copiea  accurately  all 
the  daitaas  maAed  therein.  Repei^  annealing^  fallow, 
■Dd  in  many  instances  twenty  or  thirty  blows  are  given 
befix*  tlM  article  ia  "brought  up."  The  nature  of  the 
openrtiiwi  procludea  undercutting.  All  portions  of  the 
"  larara*"  must  be  tapering  ;  the  die  muat  also  bo  the 
■me.  Qtotralar  artiolea  are  stamped  in  halvee  and 
■oldMVd  together  thereafter,— W.  C.  A.] 


264       LlltOAKD,  a.,  67  .''aw  nai,   Sirmmgham— 
Hanuhcturer. 

lUoDt  doretail  lock,  having  one  solid  bolt  working  in 
a  dovetail  slide,  with  Uie  lock  uid  tumblers  themselvee  in 
the  bcdt,  reduciiig  the  several  parts  of  a  lock  into  but  twu 
leading  onea,  via.,  the  boK  and  frame  ;  the  dovetail,  like 
■  ndge,  keeps  bolt  and  &ame  inseparable,  allowing  it 
■till  oompiete  action.  The  key,  though  small,  acts  as 
well  aa  a  brgs  one,  and  gives  equal  security, 

ht<ait  dovetail  lock,  ahowing  the  action  when  fitted. 

Ttiliisliiiiil  air-Tent  cock  :  when  the  plug  is  turned  on 
Ibr  u«  pnipoas    of  drawing  liquor,  the  air  enters  the 


into  tlw  hanel,  ci 


nss 


Mtbsliqao 


>w,  rendering  a ' 


□  gold,  nlver  plate,   British  plate, 


2flr>     AuTB,  Felix,  .T  Km 
Inve 


r,  Albany  Sired- 


ftpecimeos  of  a  new  art,  calleil  metnllncraphy,  ivhich 
eoniiiiit«  in  printing  nn<l  omaiacnting  luiy  kiuil  of  inutnllic 
aurhcaa,  so  that  briifht  tetters  or  omaiiianbt  iipin-'iir  ns 
though  they  were  inloirl  upon  a  dark,  culnurud,  or  woihI- 
like  oiirfice.  This  i»  eCTecteil  bv  two  diflvrctit  proceMW. 
tbp  niM,  electro -chciiiiiiil,  aiid  tlio  otlieir,  cbeniiuil;  .iji]>li- 
cs)-ie  til  the  paiiitiiii;  i>f  orilinnry  iiiKcri]it)"nf,  niuneii  r>r 
rtnvt*.  door-pUteii.  ship-front*,  wgn-lioards,  sliow-bilU, 
$K.-.  and  for  printing  illuHtntiiius  from  woo<l-cut  eii- 
envingi.  niapa.  and  any  ornamental  [>rinting. 

A  xinc  bowd,  with  an  ornamental  border,  and  an  in- 
Kri|iti<>n  in  the  centre.     Table  of  line,  omaiiientfd. 

Zinc  an-l  lirass  omamenteil  tulies,  for  ciirnico  pnles. 

Zinc  |>tali»,  printed  fnim  wood-cut  enjjmviuKK. 

Itnanl  covered  with  tinsel,  containing  tho  wuiilii  "  pro- 
viiiionally  reeistered." 

ThrM  working  models  of  machiiicH  for  Bmnnthing. 
pluiing.  burnishing,  nod  omiuiieiiting  idicels,  lani.  mid 
IuImv  of  metal  or  wooil.  Various  H|Hi-i[iieiu  |K'Tfi>nii<->l 
hj  the  Hiite  machiucs  upm  im-tids  mid  wihhI,  Tlie 
aU'tr  inVfUtions  an;  provijiionally  n-Kii-teri'd  in  <imit 
Britain   uhI  Ireland,    uul  pateiib^d  in   Knmco  and  Ik-l- 

■IM         WrLHra,  J..  Fi.i..mtih'W<     M.it.nri.-tnnT, 

."Hn iinmo  "f  IcK-omotiii'  and  ri.:u-iiii.  li.iil.T  IuWk. 
Rrw  aiul  copjier  pw  IuIhw,  nnd  »ir.>.     Sb.S'l  biiuw, 

2ri7  Biau,  A..  /.-■>n.;.i.;A.i..i -InvriHor. 

Hy<)r.Mtatic  Mvphon  wBter-piiririer,  iiiteiuh'd  to  Iw 
iipil>pi>i  into  any  ri-»icl  containiuc  water,  imd  tlic  pipe 

■yiph'in.     The  following  cut  n.-pn'«.'nta  tUis  piiiiticr  in 


The  Victoria  night-light — may  be  used  like  candle ;  it 
bums  twenty  hours,  and  emits  no  smoke.  This  night 
light  is  shown  in  the  following  cut. 


OM'i  Victoria  N'ight-li(U, 

2C8  WiNTOM  &  Sons,  53  CIrrelmd  SIrett,  nirmingham— 
Inventors  and  Manufectureta. 

Spoons,  &c.,  in  electro-plate,  ivory,  and  pMtrl;  some  of 
new  di»i>^.  Improved  tiime<l-tron  Hi)ount),  eihibttod  for 
qunlity,  form,  and  cheapness. 

Kkewem,  IiuIIih,  shoo-Iifts,  &c,  Tai>s,  cocka,  joioto,  &c., 
in  lii'aHn  and  other  metals. 

Tablets  nnd  name  platw,  of  new  material  and  manu- 
facturo.     Freeman's  lecture  tablet. 


2(i!)  SxriB,  Thomas  IIfjirv,  20  Braver  St.,  Golden  Sqann 
— 1  H'signer  and  Mnnufucturer. 

Stiive  omnnient  fur  the  summer  season,  intended  tii 
Hiijicrseiletbe  use  of  |>ap«r,  enclosing  tlie  stove,  but  allow, 
iiig  free  ventilation.  It  can  also  bo  used  where  fire  is 
not  ru[|iiired,  and  mndu  air -light  by  the  insertion  of  plain 
glfl«.. 

Design  for  n  centre  ornament  for  a  ceiling  (forming  tho 
i-tju-of  the  Order  of  the  Clartor),  coui|iosed  of  upwards  of 
live  thoiisoiiit  jiostago  stani|>ii. 


tret,  r.inn 

nqA™— 

Manufact 

Tinnwl    wro 

ight 

inm  ciilina 

ry  ut.-nsil» 

..tmc; 

able  l».lle.  ski.ii 

nor,  meat  fork, 

lasting  la,l 

Tinned  wn> 

I'ht- 

vatj> 

uli-luuid  b^u 

rged 

japann«l  » 

ood-luuidle 

V  sliov 

mx-r  ]>.'U-lour  coai-^lnnr..!.       Str..nfi   forKod    kilcli.'n 
liovcl.     lialvaninil  iron  socki't  uiiuiiirt.'  bowl. 
I'tMiglit  iron  inciting   ln<llu   for  plumU-rK;    i<itcli,   or 
iug  tnlle. 
Tiiincil  BTought-iron  cook's  liullfs,  with  Oat  sido,  for 


-hi,, 

liook> 
Till 
W-itiug  spoons. 


rl  gnlvoninxl  sail  thiniblee,  and  shiji's 
if^ht'iron  timnen'a  furuitiiru,  and  table  nnd 


624 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


UXITED 


[ThiB  oolleotion  of  useful  articles  is  manufactured  of 
wrought  iron,  and  is  produced  by  the  ordinary  methods 
of  hammering,  swageing,  &c.  The  three  methods  are 
here  shown  by  which  such  utensils  or  fittings  are  pre- 
served, viz.,  tinning,  galvanizing,  and  japanning.  The 
first  process  is  effected  by  pickling  the  iron  to  be  tinned 
in  a  weak  solution  of  oil  of  vitriol,  which  removes  the 
scales;  it  is  thereafter  dipped  in  sal  ammoniac  and  resin, 
and  immersed  in  a  bath  of  melted  tin,  which  adheres  to 
and  forms  a  protective  coating.  The  so-called  galvanizing 
.process,  viz.,  coating  with  zinc,  is  effected  in  a  similar 
way;  the  iron  is  cleansed,  and  after  the  same  course  of 
proceeding,  is  immersed  in  a  bath  of  zinc  metal.  Japan 
is  applied  with  a  brush,  and  the  article  thereafter  is  stored 
to  dry.— W.  C.  A.] 

271       Hickman  &  Clh-e,  34^  Wiiliam  Street  North, 
Birmingham — Manufacturers. 

Coffin  furniture,  consisting  of  inscription-plates,  handles 
and  plates,  head,  foot,  and  other  ornaments. 

Coffin  furniture  is  produced  by  pressure  from  thin 
plates  of  metal  in  dies  formed  of  cast  iron  or  steel. 

273     Shenstone  &  Mills,  25  Mary  Arm  Street, 
Birmingham — Proprietors. 

Specimens  of  polished  fire-irons,  locks,  chest  handles, 
snuffers,  percussion  caps,  &o.,  as  illustrations  of  cheapness. 

Embossing  presses  for  stamping  receipts  and  other 
purposes.     Copying  presses. 

Metallic  tokens,  checks,  address  cards,  and  labels. 
These  metallic  tokens  and  address  medals  are  used  by 
tradesmen  as  an  advertising  medium.  Vesta  and  other 
brass  boxes.  Samples  of  embossed  and  coloured  en- 
velopes. 

Case  of  knives  and  forks,  paper  knives,  &c.,  vnih. 
deers'  and  fawns'  feet  handles. 


274       MoOBE,  Paul,  &  Co.,  Great  Lister  Street, 
Birmingham — Manufacturers. 

Brass  stop  butt  hinges.  Brass  hinges  for  cabinet, 
building,  pianoforte,  and  ship  purposes. 

German  silver  and  embossed  electro-plated  hinges  for 
ornamental  articles  of  furniture,  whether  of  timber  or 
papier  mach^. 

Kolled  ^eet  brass  slit,  showing  process  of  making  plain 
and  embossed  wires. 

Brass  locomotive  tube.  Brass  and  cased  tube.  Brass, 
copper,  and  iron  wire,  round  and  square.  Tinned  iron 
wire.     Wire  for  horticultural  purposes. 

Rolled  brass,  latten  brass,  and  brass  polished  on  one 
side.     Pattern  brass  sash  bars. 


275     HoBNE,  Thomas,  Cleveland  Street,  Birmingham — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Collection  of  hinges  for  the  South- American  market, 
and  for  general  purposes. 


276  WoLVERSoar,  Edwin,  2  AMhton  Terrace,  Birminghai 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Secure  lock,  with  an  improved  detector,  and  a  new 
combination  of  levers.  If  the  levers  are  moved  by  a  fedse 
key,  the  new  detector  is  thrown,  the  bolt  becomes  im- 
moveable, and  the  combined  levers  assume  a  position 
which  renders  it  impossible  to  open  the  lock  except  with 
the  right  key.     It  is  said  this  lock  cannot  be  picked. 

277  Jones,  R.,  &  Sons,  Birmingham — Manufiioturers. 
Specimens  of  cork-screws. 


278   Rowi£T,  Charixs,  Newhalt  Street,  Birminghai 

Manufacturer. 
Patent  and  registered  articles : — Shawl  pins,  shirt  studs, 
brooches,  and  dress-fiBsteners.  Liveir,  naval,  and  military 
buttons,  showing  the  devices  and  shields  for  officers;  also 
the  belt-plates  and  sword  furniture  used  in  the  British 
naw. 


Wire-loop  brace-buttons  and  eyelet-holes,  which,  from 
their  construction,  prevents  the  cutting  of  the  thread  bj 
which  they  are  fiustened. 

Whip  and  stick  handles,  with  an  ever-pointed  pencil- 
case  introduced. 

[Buttons  of  this  kind  are  produced  by  eutting  out  the 
blimks  from  rolled  metal;  they  are  concaved  by  stamp, 
the  eyes  are  soldered  on,  they  are  then  cleansed,  gilt,  and 
burnished;  the  impression  is  given  by  means  of  m  die 
attached  to  a  stamp,  which  completes  the  manufiictare. 
— W.  C.  A.]  


279   Twioo,  G.  &  WiLUAM,  Summer  HUl, 

Manufaieturers. 

Specimens  of  buttons,  plain,  tacj,  gilt,  plated,  for 
livery,  military,  naval,  and  sportinff  piu^xwes.  Glove  and 
brace  buttons.  Fancy  mounted  glass  inA.  pearl  buttons. 
Steel  brooches  and  buttons.     Shirt  studs. 

Registered  fastener  for  boas,  victorines,  mantles,  gar- 
ters, &c. ;  and  dress  pin  fastener,  with  slide  spring,  to 
secure  a  shield  on  the  point  of  the  pin. 


280        Williams,  Thomas,  Helttane — Inventor. 

Model  of  an  iron  safe.  The  novelty  is  the  introdue- 
tion  of  water  round  every  part  of  the  inner  case.  The 
construction  of  the  joint  for  conveying  the  water  to  the 
outside  door  from  the  body  of  the  safe  is  also  new. 

Model  of  an  axle  for  a  carriage,  with  box  complete, 
having  a  hollow  perforated  arm  to  the  axle  which  saper- 
sedes  the  wells  to  the  usual  oil -boxes;  the  oil  can  be 
supplied  quickly  at  any  time,  and,  from  the  arm  being 
perforated,  the  oil  is  equably  iised. 


281     PiGGOTT  &  Co.,  St.  Paufs  Square,  Birmingham^ 

ManufSacturers. 

Specimens  of  naval,  military  and  livery,  plain,  frocy 
gilt,  and  plated  buttons.  Glass  buttons  in  great  variety. 
Chased  and  enamelled  studs  for  shirts,  &c,  Bronaed 
sporting  and  other  buttons,  suitable  for  coats.  link  and 
tag  buttons,  for  foreign  markets ;  four-hole  metal  buttona 
for  trousers.  Medals,  coat  links,  gilt  and  plated  fimtenera 
and  slides  for  dresses.  Buttons  suitable  for  ladies'  and 
children's  dresses. 

The  naval,  military,  livery,  gilt,  plated,  and  other 
buttons,  are  made  with  the  exhibitors*  improved  riveted 
and  soldered  back  and  shank,  which  will  neither  break  off 
nor  become  loose,  and  lb  therefore  of  great  importanoe  for 
all  buttons  which  are  required  with  foist  shanks. 


282      Hammond,  Turner,  &  Sons,  Snow  Hill, 
Birrmngham — Manufacturers. 

Cases  of  various  descriptions  of  naval,  militur,  sporting, 
and  club  buttons,  gilt,  plated,  bronsed,  &c.  The  sporting 
buttons  in  the  centre  of  these  cases  depict  the  varioas 
national  sports  of  Europe. 

The  centre  button  exhibits  a  bust  of  Queen  Viotoria, 
executed  by  W.  Wyon,  R.  A. ,  and  arranged  round  it  are 
the  sporting  buttons  before  mentioned,  on  which  are  por- 
trayal fox  hunting,  deer  stalking,  boar  hunting,  hull 
^hting,  bear  hunting,  wolf  hunting,  and  chamois  hunt- 
ing. In  the  squares  around,  are  arranged  a  variety  of 
chased,  enamelled,  kc,  buttons  for  veste;  and  the  large 
figure  of  a  diamond  is  composed  of  numerous  descrip- 
tions of  livery,  club  buttons,  &c. 

Selection  of  fancy  gilt  buttons,  suitable  for  dress  coats. 

Assortment  of  bronzed  sporting  buttons,  both  in 
simple  and  fimciful  designs.  It  is  usual  to  have  each 
button  of  a  different  pattern  to  compose  a  set  fbr  a  ooat; 
a  large  number  of  expensive  dies  are  required  to  produce 
a  variety. 

A  complete  variety  of  peari  buttons.  This  article 
demands  considerable  skill  and  praotioe  on  the  ^art  of 
the  artizan;  and  is  now  one  of  ^pneai  imporfetnoe  m  the 
button  trade,  employing  in  Birmingham,  where  they  are 
almost  exclusively  manufiMTtured,  upwards  of  2000  pain 
of  han<ls. 


KiKGDOM. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27  ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


625 


[The  moiher-of-pearl  shell  is,  as  is  generally  known, 
obtained  by  divers  from  the  bottom  of  the  ocean;  and  is, 
in  facty  the  oyster  in  which  the  gems,  usxially  called 
pearls,  are  found.  The  best  description  of  white  mother- 
of-pearl  shell,  are  found  in  the  East  Indian  and  Chinese 
Seas,  and  are  brought  to  market  chiefly  at  Manilla, 
Singapore,  and  Botavia.  The  black  shell  is  a  peculiar 
ipeoieay  found  in  the  ¥raters  of  the  Pacific  among  the 
Polynesian  islands.] 


283    Aston,  Wquam,  Prmsep  Street  Works,  Birmingham 

— Manu&cturer. 

Florentine  buttons,  black  and  coloured;  finished  by 
steam  machinery.  Improved  Florentine  buttons,  with 
silk  backs.  Linen  and  Holland  buttons.  Covered  but- 
tons, in  silk,  satin,  and  various  materials,  coloured.  Up- 
holstery buttons,  in  leather,  horsehair,  chintz,  moreen, 
worsted  damask,  tabaret,  and  figured  satin. 

Series,  illustrating  the  manufacture  of  buttons. 

[In  the  yearly  consumption  of  material  arising  from 
the  manufacture  of  covered  buttons  in  a  single  factory, 
the  subjoined  quantities  of  the  various  textile  and  metallic 
substances  are  iised.  In  the  works,  400  individuals  are 
engaged;  they  are  principally  women,  assisted  by  chil- 
dren, skilled  workmen  being  employed  to  correct  the 
tools  and  construct  the  machines.  In  1850,  were  con- 
sumed as  follows : — 

Yardf. 

Of  3-4  Florentine  lasting 47,865 

Lion  skin  and  woollen  cloths  ....  162 

Vesting  fabrics 398 

4-4  Irish  linen       - 3,011 

Figured  velvets  and  satins 693 

aiks 2,126 

Black  and  coloured  satins 1,182 

Black  and  coloured  silks  and  velvet.-*  1,017 

Sundries 20n 

Strong  canvaa        2»>,r)87i 

Silk  for  silk  backs :\,'u9 

\^Tut«  linen  drill 1,471  J 

Of  best    charcoal    iron    weighiiiK    per 

superficial  foot  4  to  5  oz .514,000  ft. 

Of  button-board  (paste-board)      .     .     .      33,.1<»1  Iba 

r.5/H>0  gross  of  iron  brace-buttons  were 
made  from  2  ton  of  iron,  in  measure 
equal  to sup.  ft.     32,6.38 

23,0<K>  grosA  were  also  made  from  braAs  and 
mixtures  of  copper  and  plated  metal. 

In  light  steel  torys,  viz.,  buttons,  clasps,  and 
fasteningH  for  ladies'  dresses,  were  consumed 
up^-ards  of  .5  tons  of  sheet  steel. 

When  the  cutting-out  of  the  {varts  is  performed  by  hand, 
one-third  of  the  material  goes  to  waste,  owing  to  the 
circular  form  of  all  parts  of  the  button.  In  this  case, 
however,  it  is  perfonne<l  by  machinery,  which  effects  a 
very  great  saving  of  material.  Fifteen  machines  are  em- 
ployed.    They  are  automatic,  and  work  well. — W.  ('.  A.] 

Shell  suspender  and  gaiter  buttons,  in  japanned  iron, 
silvered  brass,  silver  and  gold  plate  ;  with  specimens  of 
patent  buttons  suitable  for  great  coats.  Solid  suspender 
and  gaiter  buttons,  in  japanned  iron  and  silvered  bnuis. 
with  holes  countersunk  on  both  sides.  Japanned  iron 
shell  jet  and  steel  buttoii«.  Tlujse  articles  are  new,  some 
being  a  half,  and  the  others  an  entire  ball  of  hollow 
steel,  cut  in  various  shapes,  and  polished.  Steel  dress- 
fasteners  and  ornaments,  plain  and  fancy  cut. 

[The  light  steel  toy-trade,  which  includes  buttons,  cla**ps, 
fastenings,  brooche**,  &c.,  and  which  has  been  revived  with 


profit  within  the  last  few  years,  is  entitled  to  a  brief  note. 
The  articles  are  cut  out  from  sheet  steel;  they  are  curved 
by  a  stamp,  and  perforated  by  small  tools  fitted  into  a 
press;  the  small  eyes  and  fittings  for  attaching  pins  are 
soldered  on;  they  are  case-hardened,  and  tempered  in  oil, 
the  reflecting  surfaces  being  cut  into  ornamental  arrange- 
ments by  soft  metal  wheels  with  emery  and  oil.  They 
are  next  fastened  on  a  revolving  table,  and  a  hard  bmah 
with  emery  upon  it,  is  worked  in  a  horizontal  direction : 
a  finer  degree  of  polish  is  given  with  a  softer  brush  and 
iron-stone  powder;  final  brilliancy  is  given  by  putty 
powder  and  the  palm  of  the  hand.  The  cutting  of  these 
surfaces  is  a  matter  of  taste,  and  depends  much  upon 
the  art  of  the  workman. — W.  C.  A.] 


284    Hardman  &  Illife,  38  Netohall  Street,  Birmingham 

— Manufacturer. 
Buttons,  medals,  hooks  and  eyes.     The  buttons  include 
Florentine,   silk  (hand -made),   patent  linen,    registered 
coat  attachers,  gilt  and  plated  dress,  military  and  naval. 


285     Neal  &  ToNKS,  13  Great  Charles  Street,  Birmingham 

— Manufacturers. 

Real  stone  and  fancy  glass  buttons,  for  waistcoats;  and 
for  ladies'  and  children's  dresses. 

Shirt  studs  in  glass,  pearl,  ivory,  and  jet. 

Coat  loops  in  stone  and  fancy  glass. 

Ladies'  glove  bands  and  bracelets. 

Horses'  bridle  rosettes  in  fancy  cut  glass. 

[Real  stone  buttons  are  formed,  as  their  names  indicate, 
from  natural  substances,  cut  and  polished  by  the  ordinary 
process  of  the  lapidary.  They  are  drilled  with  copper 
tools,  revolving  rapidly  in  a  lathe  fitted  for  the  purpose, 
and  the  tool  from  time  to  time  touched  with  emery  and 
oil.  Fancy  glass  buttons  are  made  by  **  pinching."  The 
glass  is  heated.  A  pur  of  plycr-like  instnmients,  with  the 
fonn  of  the  button  sunk  in  intaglio,  is  used  to  give  the 
form,  and  the  process  consists  in  introducing  the  melted 
glass,  and  pressing  the  two  parts  together,  when  a  button 
is  produced.  In  some  cases  the  eye  is  introduced  into  the 
interior  of  the  glass  at  the  time  the  button  is  made;  in 
othei-s,  a  hole  is  pinched  in  the  button,  the  eye  introduced, 
and  rivetted  with  a  small  collar  on  the  surface,  which  odds 
to  the  ornamentiil  appearance  of  the  fj\stening.  Other 
varieties  of  glass  buttons  are  ma<le  by  taking  sheets  of 
coloured  glass,  the  back  of  which  has  been  **  quickened" 
(coated  with  lead),  in  the  manner  of  silvering,  cutting  it 
into  small  squares,  equal  to  the  diameter  of  the  button ; 
the  comers  are  taken  off*  by  clipj)ing.  The  l>ack  of  this 
variety  is  fonned  of  met^l,  cut  out  in  the  manner  of 
"blanks,"  to  wliich  the  eye  is  soldered  by  hard  solder; 
the  glass  is  heated,  the  "quickening"  melt«d,  the  metal 
back  al^o  being  tinned  and  heated,  the  two  pails  ai-e  placed 
together,  and  a  junction  is  effected  by  the  ordinary  a<Ihe- 
sive  properties  of  the  solder.  The  button  is  finished  by 
grinding  the  edges,  surfaces,  &c.,  and  like  cuttings  are  given 
by  the  ordinary  gla.ss  cutting  and  polishing  process.  (ilaMs 
rosettes,  for  sarldling  puriK>ses,  are  produced  in  the  same 
way.  The  two  colours  lu-e  given  by  cutting  through  the 
coating  of  coloured  glass  to  tlie  colowrlesH  flint  glasn, 
which  fonurt  the  foundation.     W.  C.  A.] 

2H()  ChaTWIN,  J.,  Sc  SiiNS.  OJ  &  ^:\  dn-.ti  Charles  Strcc*, 
liximi't.jhnn) — Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  buttons — silk,  fancy,  and  plain;  patent 
braided  edge,  rich  velvet,  &c.,  with  specimens  illustrative 
of  the  process  of  making.  By  this  process  a  covered  silk 
button,  with  a  strong  woven  braid  or  edging,  is  made  with 
less  than  half  the  silk  formerly  requii-ed.  A  selection  of 
fancv,  gilt,  patent  electro-plated,  and  patent  linen  buttoni. 


Glass  22.— GENERAL  HARDWABG, 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27;  0.  9,  &  P.  8  t 


UphoUtereiV  Uld  coachmaken'  nalla  for  funtiture, 
oc>T<a«d  in  the  naoe  way  aj>  covered  buttona.  A  selection 
of  black  and  white  pearl  buttons;  bronce,  fancfglaaa,  and 
Coz'a  patent  horn  buttoDB. 


287     BtNKa,  EdwaUv  Sirmmgham — Hanufaoturer. 

Hotber-of-pearl  Bhells  uaed  in  the  maaufactnre  of 
buttoui.  Mother-of-pearl  buttons,  for  htdies'  dreasea, 
gmtlemen'a  overcoats,  coats,  vwts,  shirts,  &c.  The 
material  is  bom  the  Qulf  of  Pema  and  other  places,  in- 
doding  the  Sooloo  Islandi,  the  shoree  of  which  afford 
the  Uu^^  and  finest  jet  discovered. 


288       Fbubbon,  Jobn,  Om  Slrtet,  Birmingham — 
Proprietor  and  Maniiiacturer. 
Hooks  and  eyat  to  fasten  ladies'  dreBses,  &c. 


290a    Loho,  JoaiPH  &  Jamks,  ft  Co.,  20  LittU  Totxr 


Patent  curvilinear  window  blind  pniley ,  by  wliicll  tba 
cord  can  be  n^ated  to  it«  proper  point  irf  tr — '— 
without  its  slipping  back  or ' 


IT  being  Bttajned  too  tight. 


291    PbILUPS,  Ebmst,  lie  Unitt  Strmt,  Birmaigiait— 

Muiubcturer. 

Gold  and  idlver  guard  cluuns,  broodiea,  bracelets,  Ao. 


Sheldon,  J.,  55  Great  Hampton  Srtet,  Binni^ia* 


BivMtnbury,  Zomini^-InTOitoraiidHana- 
faoturer. 
Gold  ever-pointed  pauSit,  with  solid  gold  monnta,  aet 
with  real  Btonee,  and  ornamented  with  varietisa  of  roaa 

Gold  ever-pointed  pencilcass,  engiaved  irith  Hsr 
Hqestf's  arms  quartered  with  H.R.H.  PrioM  Albert's, 
the  top  of  the  pencil  surmounted  with  the  royal  crown, 
set  with  ruby;  this  case  contains  an  aver-poilited  pencil, 
penholder,  toothpick,  half-sover«gn  gauge,  a  letter  and 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N,  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  a? ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


KuiUr  miiioltsa  in  silver,  ulectru-plnted,  anil  oickel 
'oItot  of  vviuuB  atylu,  with  balutoee  itcuuratelj  graduated 
fur  nnoua  k&Ih  olpott^,  coiiu,  &o. 

The  founbuii  uiiuic-writer,  iu  alectro-plated  aud  nickel 
■ilnr,  lor  nudung  crotchet  t>r  quaver  duU  with  speed, 
unUmai^,  and  aocumc;;  with  a  petduilder, 

BotbI  Albert  pocket  requiaitai,  an  ever-puinted  pencil, 
jttmbiMar,  and  penknife,  in  silver  and  electro-plated. 

fiilTar  ringla  and  double  Bplral  cvor-puintitd  pencils: 
elongating  orteleKope  pen  and  pencil;  nnd  sliding  penciU. 
tlwliiill  nlrar  aTar-nunted  pencilii  and  penaxw. 

Bd^oldan  in  lUTer  and  electro -platu,  mounted  ou 
•boo;,  iToty,  paarl,  and  porcupine-quill  hnndlea. 

Fo^ct  eaentoiiw,  loadu  of  a  tuutallic  body  covered 
with  laatber,  ODDtaining  n  lutter  balance,  with  pettholdar, 
inkatand,  atael  peiu,  and  other  ueeFul  articles. 

ITUrtrn  pUtnfl  and  nickel -silver  spoons,  forke,  ladles, 
tmttar-kniTei,  Ssb-carveis,  augar-tongH,  meat-BkewerB, 
ftc,  in  plain,  fiddle,  threaded,  and  Victoria  patterns. 

Elactra-plated  and  nickel-silver  snuff,  tobacco,  and 
ptpe-boies,  pipe-cawis,  &c.  Silver,  electro- platod,  and 
Dlckel-ailver  fusee-boiea.  Brass  uud  japuiued  pipe  oud 
tobacco-boiea,  and  tobacco  pipe-caaes,  &c.,  in  varioiu 
■tjlea. 

[The  olaas  of  artictea  bare  deaorihed  eiliibite  one  of  the 
pacnliaritiea  of  the  Birmingham  trade,  viz.,  the  variety  of 
dillvent  manipulating  operations  earned  on  at  one  moBu- 
Eactory,  and  the  attempt  to  adapt  the  articlea  pruduuad 
to  ■  grwt  variety  of  different  purposes.  Pockot  escri- 
toire*, containing  within  the  sise  of  on  ordinary  pocket- 
bwA  all  tlia  Ti.jtji-ial.  for  correH)>ondeuce,  pens,  ink, 
paper,  wxfers,  &c.,  praeunt  a  curious  contmist  witb  the 
Hme  claaa  of  articles  iu  use  a  few  j-eara  ago.  The 
introduction  ot  Oemian  silver  has  materially  facilitated 
the  pmdoctiDn  of  the  siooller  class  of  nrticlen,  such  as 
pcpeileaica,  penholders,  ke,  Fencilcasea  are  formed  of 
mandiil-dnnn]  tubea,  that  is,  tubes  which  ore  drawn 
through  a  staol  hole,  and  their  eitemnl  diameter  sup- 
ported by  a  steel  maudril.  This  is  cut  to  thu  UDCiMKor]' 
Irugth,  audadomc4l  externally  by  engine- turning  ursouje 
other  [irvceas.  In  ever-pointed  peocilcases  (which  have 
nuw  slmuet  eutimlj  superseded  the  older  kindj,  the 
fitting  of  the  magazine  at  the  top,  the  combination  which 
pniducea  the  ever-pointed  action,  gircs  euiployinent  to 
many  artizaua.— W.  C.  A.] 


Silve 


LLE.'t,  F.,  flu-muytiift— Monufactur 
id  gilt  filigree  work. 


2114       GooDB  4  Bound,  a*  St.  /'<ii^a  tfiiLur, 

7(il■".t'nl;*^«^— Manufacturers. 
Pittems   of   guimi-chaioB,    bracelets,    All>ert    chaii 
nn-kljces,  broc>cheii,  sod  rings. 

Specimens  uf  juwellery,  cluuus,  &c.,  uuuiufoctured  from 
the  niw  malerisl. 

tjauuplcH  in  the  rough  and  subsequent  Htitgea, 
Hpei-iiuens  of  bloud-ittone,  slit  by  a  self-outiug  ntacbin 
[Hlittiug  uf  stones  i*  effectwl  by  menus  of  a  disc  of  soft 
inin  callul  a  slicer,  which  revolves  very  rnpidty,  and  is 
iH-uuiunitlly  toucbe'l  witb  duktuond-<lutt,  Tliis  exhibits 
Ihr  itLTidoi  lit  a.  soft  Hiiliatviee  ciittinc  a  hard  oue,  . 
•teel  tile  is  readily  cut  by  n  soft  metid  disu, — W.  C.  A,] 


2\'j    S>iTn,  Kexi-,  &  Wright,  IfiTi  llrierh,  l 

Jlin,.miA  I  III! —  MiLniifactiirers. 

Buttona  of  gold,  iiilver.  copjier,  biasH,  i 


■cctWtil. 

,  tin,  lon>l, 
.     -"^  gilt  bj 

mercuiy  and  electricity,  euoiiiulled,  silvuruil,  InaiuenHl, 
bronaed,  and  ja[ianDed,  black  inother-of-jHinrl  shell,  whitr 
ni"ther-of-pearl  shell,  green  ear  shell,  and  grceu  suoil 
shell. 

Rcgisteml  shirt  studs,  gold,  kiItcf,  )^lt,  pcnrl  chnaed, 
coamelleil,  and  engrsred;  also  oompnaed  in  diOerent  pro- 


portions of  most  of  the  materials  enumerated  and  dealg- 
uatad  run-buttons,  being  made  of  several  pieces  as  con- 
centric rings,  so  &8t«ned  and  held  together  as  to  fontf 
one  huttou. 

[The  old  iuetho<l  of  gilding  ia  diatinguiahed  fromUW 
electro  process,  by  the  gold  used  in  the  operation  bein^ 
reduced  to  an  ouuUguu  by  means  of  mercury,  whieh 
readily  unites  with  the  gold,  and  fonna'  the  gilding  mix- 
ture. The  buttons  to  be  ^t  are  placed  in  a  pan,  aomP 
of  the  amalgam  introduced,  and  sufficieot  nitric  aoid 
living  sprinkled  upon  them  in  order  to  remove  any  eitt* 
oxiiUtion ;  the  acid,  and  lastly  the  anwlgatn,  ia  diSbsod 
over  the  whole  of  the  metal  to  be  gilt,  and  the  fumes,  of 
the  mercury  are  ev^uratad  by  h«t. — W.  C.  A.] 


29l>     Waltebs  &  Stonb,  28  Ludgatt  Hill,  UirBiinffliaia 
— Mouufacturen . 

Lady's  mausoleum  ornament.  Utauk  ornaments,  w 
broochui.  &c. 

tThateUine,  brilliantly  aet,  containing  devices.  Sic., 
furmed  with  human  hiiir.  Human  hair  worked  as  brace- 
letji,  &c. 

Ladies'  brilliant  finger-rings,  each  forming  a  Gnger-ring 
AUd  on  anulct.  Brilliant,  mounted  as  a  gentleman's 
finger-ring,  piu,  and  stud.     Mounted  medals. 


297     BlODLB,  JoHH,  23  Yicloria  Street,  Binniiyham 
^Manu  factu  rer. 
Seals,  penholders,  lettur-clipa,  buuk-dnsps,  and  monnt- 


298        P*B»BH  &  AcoTT,  5*  BHerl^  Street  Wett, 
fiiniiirkjAiirii— Man  ufacturers. 
Gold    and    silver   pencils  and    penholden,  of  vori 
kinds.     Gold  tooth-picks,  seals,  imd  keys. 


other  Biwcbicl 

Ct'uutjipb  under  a  glusR  nhode,  "  to  thu  late  Sir  Robert 
Peel,"  oihibited  as  a  ajiecimeu  of  workmanship  in  the 
black  omiuuout  trade. 


300      AllE-v  &  MooHE,  :ia  &  m  lln-.il  JLimpton  Row, 
/Ju-mwj/iuni— Designers  nnd  Manufiictureni. 

Vesta  nmicb-botea;  cigur  boxm.  Taper-stands  and 
)au)[i«;  and  other  loucy  articles  in  metal. 

Case  of  medals:— Head  ot  Prince  Albert,  and  riew  of 
the  Exbibitiou  building.  Duke  of  Cambridge,  and 
OovemiMset!'  Asylum.  Frederick  Von  Schiller.  Jenny 
Liud,  Cavnignoc.  Louis  Nu]Kilcon.  Heads,  from  Da 
Vinci,  Schotfor,  &c. 

Metal  buttons:  —  Ifavnl,  military,  livery,  spiirting, 
fancy,  four-bute,  and  glove  buttonu. 

[Vestu  Boxes,  Medals,  and  Medul  Making.— A  new 
bmuch  of  niauufocture  has  been  called  into  ciisteuce  by 
the  introiluction  of  thu  luciter-matcb ,  Tiie  s.|unre  paiier 
nnd  the  round  timber  box  have  given  place  to  an  elegant 
metallic  ease  used  for  the  purpose  of  containing  the 
■■  Vciitn  innttbes."  The  uiihIo  of  production  nuiy  bo  thus 
dewrilieil: — n  nmndril-ilruwn  tulio  is  taken  oiul  cut  into 
lengths  iu  a  latho;  a  ]xirtion  is  tumeil  down  or  reduced 
to  lit  the  lid;  this  is  revenied,  and  tbu  ondnith  its  rough 
durfaeu  ogaitiHt  whidi  the  nuitch  is  to  be  rubbed  iu  order  to 
pnicure  n  li(;bt,  is  checked,  iu.  The  poi-tion  of  tube  which 
fomiH  the  lid  is  now  taken,  placed  upon  a  chuck,  and  the 
heul  or  cover  is  checked  hi,  after  the  maimer  of  the 
bottom.  For  curtain  varieties,  a  small  socket  is  used  to 
hold  ttio  tai>cr,  which  is  nutted  into  the  lid;  other  varie- 
ties ore  fittwl  witb  B|iring)i,  into  which  the  malcb  is  stuck, 
the  simple  attempt  at  removal  producing  ignititm,  Tha 
is  eSMted  by  coaling  tha  brass  nitli  a 


Clabs  22.— general  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20.  &  26  TO  27  ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


tmupareut  Tunuh  or  Uoquer  of  variaua  coloiin,  which  U 
-out  throu^  in  a  wriM  of  line*,  di^l&ying  floral  or  scroll 
-daviceaby  meaiu  of  an  embosaingiimclLiiifl.  Thia  machine 
■omewhat  rsaemli]«s  a  pantograph; — a  e<flinder  of  steel 
upon  which  the  pattern  ii  engraved  ia  placed  ao  ai  to  act 
.againat  the  and  of  a  long  rod,  the  other  extremitj' of  which 
cuts  anaj  the  lacquer  oo  the  braas  box.  Thus  in  sn  iu- 
gttiious  manner  the  pattern  on  the  steel  cylinder  ia  re- 
produced upon  the  match  box.  Cigsr-caaes  and  taper- 
Manda,  with  magaziDee  or  receptacles  to  hold  matches, 
cigars,  and  tapers,  are  Dow  produced  in  immense  numbtira 
b;  the  IBiDe  proaeia  of  mauufiuiture. 

Ths  Industrial  Exhibition  of  1831  haa  called  into 
requisition,  among  others,  the  skilled  labour  of  the  me- 
dalliit  die-einker.  Aa  a  oonaequeDCs,  medals  of  all  kinds 
and  prices  am  being  produced.  A  medal  die  is  thus 
formed: — Steel  of  a  uniform  texture  and  suitnble  kind 
being  selected,  it  ia  forged,  Boftened  hy  annealing,  and 
the  fikce  and  check  for  the  ':o\iaT  turned.  The  design 
approved  of,  the  die-ainker  proceeds  to  out  away  those 
parts  of  the  greatest  depth  by  meana  of  small  chisels;  the 
more  minute  detaila  are  taken  out  by  gravera,  chiael- 
«dged,  and  gauged  steel  tools  fitted  into  wood  handles, 
very  short,  and  to  fit  the  palm  of  the  hand.  Aa  the 
work  proceeds,  proots  ore  taken  in  wax:  when  defective 
5n  form,  the  cutting  is  corrected,  and  if  deficient  in 
relief,  it  is  sunk  deeper.  It  will,  of  course,  be  borne  in 
mind  that  what  will  be  relievo  in  the  medal  is  intaglio 
in  the  dye.  The  inscription  is  introduced  by  means  of 
■mall  letter-punches.  Than  follows  the  hardening  of  the 
din,  a  stage  of  the  biininexs  tie  most  critical,  aa  a  defect 
in  the  steel  will  at  once  b<<  mode  i^parent  thereby,  and 
-the  labaur  of  months  rendered  useless  in  a  few  minutea. 
If  the  die  endures  this,  it  haa  only  another  test,  viz.,  the 
making  of  a  "hub,"  or  copy  of  the  die  in  steel, and  uaed 
for  the  correction  of  duplicate  copies  of  the  die.  The 
danger  in  this  case  arises  from  the  want  of  uniformity  of 
lurdneas.  If  irregular,  one  portion  of  the  original  die 
mast  suffer,  and  becomes  valueless. 

Hedal-making  or  stamping  is  thus  carried  on  : — The 
press  oonsists  of  a  large  and  close-threaded  screw,  to 
the  top  of  which  a  large  wheel  ia  attached  horizontally. 
The  bod  of  the  preaa  is  fitted  with  acrews  to  secure  the 
die  in  its  place;  when  this  is  done,  the  collar  which 
gives  the  tbickneas  of  the  medal  is  fitted  on,  the  die 
forming  the  reverse  of  the  medal  is  attached  to  the  screw; 
a  bkok  (a  pieoe  of  metal  cut  out  to  form  the  medal) 
da  then  introduced.  Motion  is  imparted  to  the  wheel 
which  opera(«e  upon  the  screw,  a  blow  is  given,  and  if 
the  impression  is  soil  and  shallow,  a  medal  is  produced; 
but  if  deep,  repeated  bli 


preanon  up. 


Hliere  bronze  or  silver  is  the  material  ii 


which  the  medal  is  to  be  produced,  aa  many  aa  20  or 
•ven  30  blows  are  necessary.  The  medal  is  then  taken 
out  of  the  press,  the  edge  tui-ned,  and  the  operation  is 
-W.  C.  A.] 


301      AsTOS,  J.,  aO  St.  Pa»rs  Square,  Birmhgfuait-- 
Hanutacturer. 
Onumental  silk,  satin,  and  velvet  buttons,  dress  on 
menU,  and  patent  linen  buttons. 


S02  ELLicrrr,  Wu^ah,  k  Sons,  Regent  Stmt  Watlu, 
B  inn  inghain — Hanufactu  rvrs. 

An  assortment  of  Ancy  buttons  for  ladiee'  dresses. 

Specimens  of  gUt,  plated,  military,  naval,  sporting, 
onat,  and  ball  buttons. 

F^eot  silk,  velvet,  satin,  Florentine,  and  patent  Irish 
linsn  battons. 

Pearl  buttons  with  metallic  rims. 


303  AteBS,  E.,  72  iVwAaW  Slnit,  Birnan^in— 

Manufacturer. 

Patent  improved  shoe-soraper. 

304  iNCHiM,  T.  Weu,  85  Brad/ord  Street,  Brmnjkam 

-^-Designer  and  Uanufacturcr. 

Specimens  of  burn  battons,  illustrating  the  manufiu' 
ture  prior  to  the  patent,  and  the  improTementa  tnad* 
since  ;  also  material  from  which  they  are  made. 

[The  ornamental  sur&ce  is  giTen  by  presmrc  in  ■  di* 
when  the  horn  has  been  softened  by  beat. — W.  C.  A.] 


305    Heelkv,  Jaxeb,  &  Soxs,  Mount  Street,  1 
— Manufacturera. 

Chatelaines,  with  various  appendages.  Sword  hiltis 
for  dress  swords.  Latchets.  Conrt  and  other  buttons. 
SnuSbrs.  Patent  revolving  stimipa.  Cork-aorswa. 
Boot-hooks.  Eey-ringa.  Tweeeera.  Swivels.  NMtiDg- 
vices.  Bracelets.  Brooches.  Shawl -pins.  Wust-bncklca. 
Purse-mounts.  Slides  and  tassels.  Albert  ehaios  and 
keys.  Watoh-guarde.  Tarious  keys.  Invalid  tongs. 
Purses  and  various  triukets. 

[Steel  buckles,  former!  j  much  used,  sa  wall  ■■  bnttons, 
purses,  clasps,  keys,  rings,  and  chains,  w«re  maaufsetnrad 
in  great  quantities  at  Birmingham.  Some  idea  may  b* 
fanned  of  the  complexity  of  pattern  in  buttons,  wbou  H 
is  stated  that  sa  many  as  three  hundred  ornamental  headed 
studs  have  been  counted  on  a  single  button.  St«el  gnani 
chains  have,  of  late  years,  been  introduced  with  eucceaa ; 
the  links  of  these  are  cut  out  by  the  press,  and  pieroed 
by  the  same  instrumeat;  they  are  then  case-hardened  and 
polished.— W.  C.  A.] 


301}       Om,EV,  Thohah,  123  Snotr  /lill,  Biraiiiigkam— 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Gold,  eilver,  and  bronze  prize  medala,  including  SDii- 
cultural,  horticultural,  botanical,  and  achool  medals ;  »Lo, 
historical  and  other  medals. 

[The  art  of  die-sinking  ia  En^and  has  its  centre  in  Bir- 
mingham, and  has  reached  a  degree  of  unparalleled  per- 
fection and  of  immense  importance.  "Hie  art  is  of  aa 
peculiar  a  character,  and  requires  so  much  nicety  and  so 
large  an  experience  in  toot-craft,  that  it  employa,  in  tha 
higher  departments,  comparatively  a  small  number  of 
workmen,  but  in  the  commoner,  a  lat^  number  ar«  oon- 
Btontlj  occupied.  Medallists  bav*  always  nnlted  highlf 
among  the  die-sinkera  of  Birmingham ;  and  the  Soho 
works,  in  addition  to  a  large  production  of  medals,  wiM 
for  a  considerable  period  the  mint  for  the  copper  coinag* 
of  the  United  Kingdom.  At  present,  the  medallistB  ot 
Birmingham  are  in  full  occupation  for  the  preparatioii  of 
medals  for  prizes,  and  in  commenioratjoa  of  great  ooca- 
sions.  The  medals  thus  produced  are  eitensivdy  demanded 
at  home,  and  have  also  an  extnonUnary  circuUtJotl  oa  tha 
Continent,  and  in  distant  ports  of  the  world.  — R.  E.] 


307  CoiTEBiLi,,  Ebwim,  lul  Havry  airert,  AMtd,  mar 
fiiiminjAiiin— Inventor  and  Hanufocturer. 
Patent  climax  detector  locks,  made  to  the  keys ;  and 
from  the  peculiar  construction  of  the  machine  1^  vhicb 
the  keys  are  made,  two  locks  cannot  be  madn  aliko,  on- 
less  formed  from  the  keys  out  at  the  somB  time.  Thxj 
can  be  made  to  shoot  any  number  of  bolts  both  ways. 


300      EtKTH  &  Hiu-ICSAP,   50   Ceorgt  Slretl,  Parade, 
Ainningtflin— Inventors,  Fatenteee,  and   Hanu- 
factiirera. 
Carriage  axles  on  the  Collingo  principle,  with  patent 

safety  and  other  improrenieots. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  a  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  2! 


[Tbeu  improTammta  ooiuiBt  in  tbe  applicatiun  uf  a 
thrcBd,  wluch  traveram  tbe  bsok  of  the  aile  near  tliu 
eoUar ;  a  ooiretponding  hollow  thread  is  cost  •>□  the  bush  ; 
after  tbe  buah  hx  puied  theire  threuis  a  flat  is  left,  on 
which  it  tnverMS  or  rerolTM.  This  BrTUigemeiit  effec- 
tullf  aecure*  tbe  wheel  against  removal. — W.  C.  A.] 

CoUinge  aile  without  the  imprOTements. 

An  axle  ;  patent  aile  amu  oo  tbe  mail  principle. 


310  NiSW,  RiCBAKD,  20  F-umH  Slrfel,  BirmiHjham — 
Proprietor. 

Diea  and  miall  tooU.  Spoon  and  collar  dial.  Hedol 
dies,  and  collar,  coin,  and  uffice-Beal  dies.  Button  and 
dkank-bole  diea. 

[Hoch  of  the  Binainghain  jewellery  and  gilt  toy»  are 
pfudoced  by  means  of  dies  or  flteel  blooke,  with  ira- 
pnaioils  of  artiDlea  to  be  nink  therein,  Ear-ringB, 
braoehea,  bimcelet-r«rteninga,  bave  their  ornunental  fea- 
turn  liiU'ITHiiid  in  tbia  way;  tbey  are  tben  filled  up  or 
jeiaai)  together,  if  made  in  part*. 

Bj  "collar  die"  ia  meant  tbat  portion  which  girea  tbe 
Ibiii^iw  of  tbe  roedol  or  ooin  to  be  struck.  All  mednl 
diaa  are  in  three  parte,  tIi.,  the  reverse,  obrerao,  and 
collar.  Tba  imaller  claaa  of  diea  are  cut  in  steel  entirely. 
the  tai^er  kiudi,  for  brass  foundry  and  other  pnrpoBea, 
•re  "laid"  or  covered  with  steel  un  a  foundation  of  iron. 
When  indentations  occur,  the  die  is  what  is  colled 
"fullered"  or  hollowed,  and  the  nteel  follows  the  8.iuie 
in  a  panllel  thicknen.— W.  C.  A.] 


31 1        J«MON,  W.,  fii™.>/A.ini~JUnufacturBr. 

AutU  for  planishing  tin  plate.  Hammers  assorted  for 
tin  and  cupper  work.  Creas-iron,  or  wireina  stake,  for 
tin.  Oeneisl  iwigr,  1«  hold  different  tools  for  beading 
tin.  Kck-iron,  for  tin  plate,  and  aide  stake,  for  tin  or 
cower  work. 

»>ttom  stake,  for  planishiug  copper.  Puir  of  ttocV 
abear*  and  band  sbe«rs,  for  cutting  tin,  copper,  &c. 

Hade)  of  a  raising  machine,  for  raising  dish  coverrs, 
1|  inch  in  Kale. 

[Jlany  of  the  requisites  for  the  tin-plnte  mnking  are 
cnuuented  in  the  above  collection  of  artjolea,  and  thouKh 
"  raising"  by  means  of  "Bpinning"  and  stamping  has  to  a 
gnat  extent  mperaeded  the  older  methoAi  of  tin-plate 
working,  the  polished  anvil,  stukcs.  or  beak-iron,  with 
their  corresponding  planisbed-facinl  banimurs  of  various 
forms,  cannot  yet  be  dispenseil  with.  In  the  new  uiodt; 
of  pruductioo,  scam-soldering  is  entirely  avoided.  "  Spin- 
ning" imparts  to  tin  goo<lB  a  coniiidarable  degree  of  (inii- 
neiw  and  solidity  with  denneneas  of  texture.  Jloulding  is 
still  Dceeuary  in  the  tnanufacture  of  certain  articles;  to 
effect  this,  stakes,  anvils,  and  swii^eii  must  be  put  in 
requisition.  Dish-covers  were  originally  formed  by  ham- 
mering out  of  flat  shifts  of  metal;  many  of  them  here 
are  rviaed  by  the  stamp,  and  present  a  brilliant  polish. 
Tin-plate  making,  and  t->ol  milking  for  the  same,  give 
etu|>]oyment  to  hundrwls  of  artinmM  in  and  aro'ind  Bir- 
iningham. — W.  l".  A.) 

:n2  TiUKWs,  RirHaaP,  fc  Sons,  l'.nl,i,v  Sir,;->, 
llirinv-ii.-ihi — Man  u  tuHurerB . 
Spedniens  of  Liiri>ent<!rs'  hauimer  heails.  and  liaudlrd 
Lammen.  Carpenters'  and  farriers'  toiiln.  Shoeiuakerv' 
tooU.  Timber  scribes,  hand  anil  tnlilc  rices,  and  ini- 
protrd  euach  wrenches.  Saddlers'  nnd  iipholstcren'  tools. 
Vafioiu  household  and  other  utensils.   , 

Sl.t     llA.'rt.r,  John,  jiin.,  .'>.i  Bren-l  .mrcel,  Binnfwjluim— 

PMcntee  and  Maniifacturer. 

ht^nt  ornamental  nails,   hronw,   irilveiod,  gilt,  Isc- 

•|<ut«d,  and  aovomd,  principally  intendc't  fur  attacbiiiE 


:,  brass,  and 


;-il4     Ttb,  Geohob  Piebct,  Smir  Hill,  Birmingham— 

Specimens  of  registered  root-glasaes,  with  stands  and 
supports,  containing  wax  models  of  hyacinths,  to  showtha 
use  of  the  flower  support. 

Glas«es  and  stands.  Begistered  spring  labeU  for  tree 
and  flower-pots. 

315  Bevnoumi,  John,  Crotm  ,Y.n7  Works,  .Vfttdm  Rme, 
II  irming/iaia — Man  ufiurturer, 

A  case   enclosing  a  card  of  cut  nails,   eonaiating  of 
upwards  of  two  hundred  distinct  varieties  of  the  n  --' 
useful  strengths  and  eizos;  made  o 
copper. 

[Id  this  manufacture,  sheeta  of  iron,  of  tbe  proper  thiek- 
npss,  are  cut  across  by  a  pair  of  cutting  edges  whioh  are 
set  in  mution  by  machinery;  the  breadth  of  theae  atrip* 
is  equivalent  to  the  lengtli  of  the  nails  to  be  produced 
from  them;  tbe  strip,  for  the  convenience  oF  turning, 
is  Faateued  into  a  pair  of  grips  attaclied  to  a  wood  shank, 
resting,  when  in  use,  upon  a  support  immediately  behind 
the  workmen.  The  nail  maolune  consists,  essentially,  of 
a  pur  of  cutting-chiseU  or  edges,  whioh  work  perpen- 
dicularly, parallel  to  each  other;  a  gauge  to  detennina 
tbe  breadth  of  nail;  a  pair  of  grips,  into  which  at  tba 
time  the  wedge  of  iron  fUls,  and  where  it  is  firmly  held, 
until  the  small  horizontal  hammer  strikes  it  and  produces 
tbe  bead,  when  it  is  dropped  into  a  boi  beneath.  Brada 
are  not  headed,  but  are  simply  cut  out  of  each  other, 
tbat  is  to  say,  a  dcflciency  in  the  parallelism  of  the 
cutting-edge  produces  the  head,  and  prepares  for  tlia 
head  of  tbe  next  brad  to  be  cut  therefrom.  Qlaziar** 
brads  being  simple  wedge-like  pieces  of  iron,  without  any 
head  whatever,  are  produced  by  the  simple  operations 
of  tliH  chiaeU  or  cutlers.  When  tacks  are  blued,  tbey 
arc  done  in  quoutilies,  by  eiposiug  them  to  beat  in  an 
oven  or  muffle,  or  upon  an  iron  plate.  Japanning  is  per- 
fonued  by  tbe  ordinary  process. — W.  C.  A.] 

;Sll<       Hens  k  Bradi.kt.  '.Vw/hU.',  J!in>i.i./li,m 
— Maniifiicturcrs. 

Taper  wood  screws  in  iron,  bmss,  mid  copper;  irou 
thrwul  screws  for  machinery  of  every  dencription,  and  for 
dtoved,  gnites,  &c. 

Tapr  hand-ndl  screws,  adapted  for  pianoforte- makarw. 


work. 


[Screw-iuaking; — Ojieration  1.  From  a  coil  of  wire 
p1ju»d  on  n  wheel  and  introduced  tTito  the  screw-making 
mauliine,  a  piece,  sufficient  to  fonii  a  screw  is  cut  off, 
caught  up,  and  bonded;  tliat  is  to  say,  tbe  portion 
which  forms  the  limul  is  uompresscd  iuto  sliape,  and  the 
now-called  "blank"  is  dropt  into  a  receptacle  below. 
Ujiemtion  2.  cnuoistji  in  flattening  the  head  and  smooth- 
ina  the  countersink,  whioh  is  perfunned  by  the  "blank," 
being  held  in  both  clanis,  iiud  having  a  small  cutter  re- 
volving In  front  and  ]uiotber  behind.  :).  flitting  tlia 
lie.-td;  tbe  "  blank"  is  plnced  in  a  [Bur  of  nipjicn,  which 
IH  moveable  on  centres  by  means  of  a  lever  uctiou.  the 
head  is  presseil  nKiuiint  a  sirudl  revolving  circular  saw, 
iind  the  «lit  iua.lf.  4.  Tliremling  is  effected  by  the 
"  blank"  Wiu;;  introduilvd  iuto  a  jiair  of  cliui.x  whi>.-b  is 
att-ubed  to  a  "[lindle,  the  back  part  of  n  hii-h  is  cut  with 
a  wonn  or  threnil  correwponding  t"  that  uf  tlie  acrew  to 
be  cut,  and  which  propels  forward  the  cIuum  and  the 
"blank"  agninut  small -toothed  cuttein,  which  groove  out 
the  thread;  three  nmnings  dowu  is  sufficient  to  coniplet*! 
the  mannfHcIure  of  an  ordinary  sized  screw.  Tlx'  diflitr- 
ence  in  the  linext  IhreoilH  ai'iso  fi'ini  llit-  -hi>)<c  of  tli» 
cutter-.     W.  fJ.  A,] 


Ci,AtM  22.— GENERAL  HAItDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  K.  20,  &  25  TO  27  ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


[Umtku 


317         Jamb,  JoHH,  Redditch,  near  Bromajnnt— 
Manufkcturer. 
Specimeiu  of  needles  uid  fUh-hooka.     Needle-boiea, 
fumiihed,     Needles  and  ftsh-hookn  1o  the  vuioua  pro- 
ceasua  of  maDufncture. 

;)1 8      Hawkins,  JohH,  22  PHnaep  Street,  Sirmuigham — 

Manatietater. 
'ffood  screws  in  iron,   brass,   and  copper  ;   railwaj, 
coach,  and  grate,  machine  sctcws,  and  bolts. 


319    Bamer,  Oeoboe,  &  Co.,  68  Cecil  Street,  I! 

— Wireworkors  and  Hoau&cturers. 

Flre-gusrds  and  window -blinds.      House   and  stable 

lantenu.     RuBUigKt  giutnl.      Nursery  lamp.      Candle 

Bbade.       Fruit-baiikBt;    lady's    wi>rk -banket.       Dish   and 

fUte  covers.  Letter  rack.  Sir  Muuiphre;  Bavy's  lamp, 
'orrot  and  other  bird  cages.  Squirrel-cage.  Flower-put 
Stands.  Mottrexs  springs.  Patent  iron  and  brsBs  chain, 
made  by  machinery,  with  varietJea  aleotro  plated  and 
bronzed.  Specimena  uf  weaving  in  iron  and  braofl  wir«, 
Fe^  lattice  and  hare  reuee.  Dome-top  electro-plate 
twisted  &re  guard. 


320    CoouET,  Hectob  Rich.,  148  High  fitrett,  Banbtey, 

nc<ir  Birmui'jhwn — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  cofBn  furniture,  in  plated  gold  and  ulver, 

and  btasB  our'  '■-  ■ ■ 


321  SiMCOX,  Pkmbbrton,  &  Sons,  firmfi^Aum— 

BUou&ctunirs. 

Patent  curtain  decorations;  curtun  bands  and  oomice 
pole  ends. 

Furniture  for  mortice  locks  in  brass,  glass,  china, 
white  and  gilt  opal,  with  metal  mountings  gilt  and  electro 
plated. 

Fbiger  plates,  bell  pulli,  and  bell  levers.  Laoijuered 
and  bronzed  finger-plates. 

Outmde  bell-pulU,  hall-door  knobs,  bell  slides,  in  the 
Oothic,  Elimbethoo,  and  other  styles. 

Bagiitered  door-knockers  and  choiiis.  Registered  and 
odlar  letter-boi  plates. 

Qothic  and  Elizabethan  work  for  churches,  consisting 
of  hinges,  lock-handlee,  eacutcheona,  &c. 

Letter  clips,  letter  balances,  date  tellers,  office  and 
table  bells,  and  wax  taper  stands. 

SconcM  oT  various  designs  tbr  piaoofortes,  picturee, 
looking  glsBsee,  puluts,  WMl  brack^  &c. 

Plain  and  wrougfat  coat  and  hat  hooka.     Blind  mount- 

t  stays,   espagntolettes 

Bell  carnages,  cranks,  and  general  bell-hanging  work. 

Regiitered  stair  and  curtain  rods;  miniature  and  pic- 
ture framea. 

Begiotered  and  other  Tack  pulleyi,  tassel  hooks,  roller 
blind  ends,  table  catches  and  fasteners.     Butt,  and  other 

Socket,  flush,  ship,  and  other  bolts ;  cabin-door  hooks. 

Round,  square,  plats,  and  socket  snd  claw  castor  for 
pianofortes,  sofas,  tables,  chairs,  &c.  Lamp  and  screw 
pulleys. 

Shop-door  handles,  in  china,  glass,  opal,  brass,  &c, 

[These  contributions  form  illustrations  of  what  is  tech- 
nically known  w  cabinet  and  general  brass-foundr;.  The 
application  of  china,  and  more  particularly  gloas,  is  now 
very  extensive.  The  introduction  of  the  brass  collar  to 
the  china  mortice  knob,  of  stamped  braas-foundr;  in  the 
form  of  drapery  and  rope  work  for  upholstery  purposes; 
and  of  on  ingeiiioiisly-«oiiBtructed  blind  mounting,  which 
OBUsea  the  blind  to  ascend,  instead  of  dasoeud,  is  dUA 
to  these  ezhibUon.— W.C.  A.] 

322  COKNTOBTH,  JoHH,  Berkeley  Street  Wire  Milk, 

llirviingkim — Hanunctutvr. 
Bpecimans  illustrative  of  tbe  nuuufiMture  of  iron  a 
uthiT  wires: — 


ipelition  of^  tbia  procen,  iron-wire  of  onj 
diameter  may  be  made.  In  the  specimen,  the  diameter  of 
the  wire-rod  has  been  reduced  J|  of  an  inch  by  one  pro- 
cess; if  repeated  fifty  times,  it  would  givs  a  wire  ^^  of 
an  inch  diameter.  Pieces  of  iron-wire  iUustnttive  of 
from  )  to  1]^  iiM^  diameter. 


Piece  of  telegraph  wire,  of  charcoal-iron,  gtlva 
'awn  from  one  entire  pieoeof  iron;  it  is  336  Ibo.  w 

and  a  mile  long. 


drawn  from  o: 

id  a  mile  lor„. 

Piece  of  chonMwI  wire :  being  a  portion  of  that  used  In 
the  construction  of  a  suspension-bridge  near  the  fiJla  of 
Nisgnra;  this  iron-wire  is  usiid  for  wire-ropea  and  ganoal 
engineering  purposes. 

Steel-wire,  of  various  sixes  and  qualitisa.  Speetmeaa  of 
soft  and  hard  tinned  wire.  Coppered  iion-wira.  Iron 
and  steel  wire. 

Wire  nails  of  various  sine  and  forms.  Heads  and 
points  of  nails  manu&ctured  by  the  patent  pi'oesai  known 
aa  the  Pont  de  Paris,  and  used  by  tJie  carpentera  of  that 
city,  and  of  France  generally,  wbieh  may  be  niada  of  any 


323    Potts,  Willun,  16  Katy  Ron,  i 

Hanubcturer,  and,  in  part,  Deaignar. 
Ornamental  bronzed  ud  l*«quared  gas  laa^. 


An  ornamental  gas  bracket  and  globe,  lliii  g^a- 
bracket  is  represented  in  the  above  Illustration.  A 
helmetcd   head    forms   the    support   of   the   globe  and 

ChaiKMiei*,  lobby  lamps,  hall  Uatenw,  fte. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  ORATES, 
L.  H.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  2! 


Caadelafara,  ginndoles.  ink  uid  Dowtsr  itaods,  uid 
^■jioiu  oUmt  articltB. 

Btoiue  unutuent — eagle  resting  witb  its  prey  oa  a 
tack. 

Gnml  Loudcor,  gUiM  frame,  bronzed— two  uaiada  are 
Stated  to  attire  theuuelvm.  two  heroiu  aupportiug  piutilu 

Siiigle-figuraaiidtnple-flgun]  epergne,  &c. 

^lacitaaiia  of  Potts'  pntent  picturu-«upporting  luauld- 
big.  It>  adiuitiuea  an,  streDKth,  goDtiuuouB  Tine  aa  a 
luoutding;  wlaptobility  for  uutreing  at  any  angle;  the 
hook  QUI  be  attached  ou  and  slide  along  the  beck  of  the 
b-uo  nil ;  a  TsnetT  of  deugDB  and  modes  of  finish  can  be 
obuinad,  the  hook  being  in  its  nttochiaent  a  segment  of  a 
ciicla,  mofal  routid  the  lack  curve  of  the  ruii,  so  aato  ba 
|Hit  oa  and  taken  off  at  00;  point. 

Btwue  oEoek-atanda — the  Cliinsee  dragon. 

Flre-acnai  itMid,  adaptable  also  for  n  cbou-tablo, 
ttmiic^tand,  or  reading  easel. 

Pkir  of  heron  (^iraodolta.     Boudoir  candliHtick. 

Taoa  or  epei^e— the  crocodile. 

Fluwir  atuid.    Mirror  bsme. 


324    OiLunr,  Josbpb,  r.Wurw  HVfa,  Binningham— 
Inventor  nod  Manufacturer. 

Spedmena  of  moCallio  pens. 

[St«c1-pen  making  ma;  bo  brieflj  described  u  fultowi: 
The  iteel  is  procured  from  ShefSeld ;  it  is  cut  into  stHjw, 
and  the  scalea  removed  by  immersion  in  pickle,  composed 
vf  dilute  aulphmic  acid.  It  is  passed  through  rollers, 
by  which  it  is  reduced  to  the  neoeasary  thickness;  it  is 
then  in  a  oonditlon  to  be  mnle  into  peas,  and  is  for  this 
inupuae  paled  into  the  bonds  of  a  girl,  who  is  seated  at  a 
{inHS,  and  who,  by  means  of  a  bed  and  a  punch  corre- 
tponding,  apeedily  cuta  out  the  blank.  The  next  Btage  is 
pierdng  the  hole  which  tsrmlnatfa  the  slit,  and  removing 
any  supRrSuous  steel  likely  to  interfiiro  with  the  eloatictty 
of  the  ppu;  at  thin  Htage  they  arc  oniunlwl  in  quoutlties  in 
a  luultte,  aft<^r  uliicb,  by  meaiiit  of  a  auinll  xtoiup,  the 
liuiker'a  muiiu  ii<  iuipriHHed  upon  tliciii.  Up  to  tbui  stage 
the  future  pen  is  a  flnt  piece  of  atoel ;  it  is  then  tnuiB- 
fnrwl  to  another  class  of  wcirkers,  who,  by  means  of 
the  prvaa,  make  it  concave,  if  a  nib,  and  form  the  barrel, 
if  a  barrel  pen.  Hardening  is  tlie  noit  process :  to  effect 
this  a  nimiber  of  pens  are  placed  in  a  small  iron  box  and 
intruducrd  into  n  muffle;  afler  they  become  of  a  uuiform 
rl«p  red,  they  ore  plunged  into  oil;  the  oil  adhering 
it  removed  by  a^tatiun  in  a  circular  tin  barrel.  Tbo 
pniccBS  of  temjiering  succeeds;  and,  finally,  the  whole 
mm  placed  in  a  rev^dving  cylinder  with  sand,  pounded  cru- 
rible,  or  other  cutting  subatanco,  wliich  Anally  brightens 
thciu  to  the  natural  colour  of  the  material.  The  nib  is 
^nind  with  great  rapidity  by  n  girl  who  picks  it  u|>, 
I'lacc*  it  into  a  pair  of  suitable  plyers,  and  fiuisheii  it 
with  a,  single  loucb  on  a  small  emery  wheel.  Tlie  ]>cu 
is  now  in  o  conilitiuu  to  receive  the  slit,  and  this  is  also 
il'iiM  l>y  mokua  of  a  pivw;  a  chisut  or  wedge,  with  a  flat 
p-ide,  is  fixed  to  the  iKxloftbe  prefu,  the  dceconding  screw 
)uu  a  C'jrrwpundiiig  cliisel  or  cuttur,  wlilch  pOHes  down 
H  illi  the  minutest  occuiaey :  the  slit  is  made ;  and  the  pen 
in  completed.  The  laat  stuge  is  the  colouring,  broivn  or 
Llur;  this  is  done  by  introducinij  the  now  |wud  into  a  re- 
Viiliing  metal  cylinder.  uiiJur  which  is  B  charcoal  stove, 
,ui'l  watching  narrowly  when  the  colour  dcMircJ  is  arrivC'l 
At.  The  brilliancy  is  imported  by  ineons  of  lac  dissolved 
LU  nj^ihlha;  the  pens  on?  immfracd  in  tliie,  end  dried  by 
Lcat.  Then  follow  the  coiuiting  and  selecting.  Women 
an  mudtly  snipluyud  in  the  nianuDifturc,  n-ith  skilleil 
Workmen  to  repair  and  set  the  tools.  This  i-ihibitiir 
cnif  lojr*  vjnrarda  of  five  hundred  hands,  of  which  f^r- 


fiflhs  ore  women.  The  manufactory  hae  beeu  established 
upwards  of  thirty  years,  aud  has  been  the  means  of 
introdumng  many  improvements  in  the  manufacture. — 
W.  C.  A.] 


325     WiLIT,  W.  E.,  &  Co.,  3i  Gmii  n/wipton  Slrcel, 
Binn  imjham-^iiaii  ufactu  rera. 

Specimens  ofgold,  polladiimi,  gold  and  sUreT,  and  silver 
peuK,  pointed  with  the  native  alloys  of  iridium  and  os- 
mium, the  hardest  of  known  metaJs. 

[These  pens  being  formed  of  metals  not  acted  on 
by  tbo  iuk,  appear  almost  indestructible  1  their  perma- 
iiuDce  in  use  is  further  maintained  by  the  attachment  to 
the  point,  by  soldering,  of  a  minute  portion  of  the 
metals  named,  which  are  extremely  hard  and  durable. — 
W.  C.A.] 


326 


HiNCKB,   WeL 


Pntent  solfacting  cutting,  piercing,  and  raising-pen 
machine.  The  ordinary  nressee  are  worked  by  hand.  The 
self-acting  machines  are  driven  by  steam;  they  cut,  pierce, 
and  side-alit  two  pans  at  oua  stroke,  peiforming  six  pro- 

Specimeoa  of  Lilliputian  pens  complete,  intended  to 
show  the  skill  of  the  tool  cutter  and  the  perfection  of  the 
machinery  employed.  A  gross  of  the  smallest  weighs 
teas  than  M  grains,  and  can  be  coDtsined  in  a  Barcalon* 
nutshell. 

Specimens  of  fiuiahed  pens. 

Steel  in  its  rough  stats,  and  atl«r  it  has  passed  through 
the  rolling-mill;  Bcrap-steel,  from  which  the  pens  are 
cut;  jiens,  cut  and  pierced,  llie  other proceases exhibited 
in  the  finished  pen. 

Specimens  of  pierced  pens  to  show  the  modem  improve- 
meats  in  the  art  of  tool-cutting. 


327  Keu,,  a.,  ft  Co.,  28  Wimswr  lioa-,  Bi-Tunyham— 

Manufactureni. 
Steel  pens ;  showing  their  different  forms  and  qualities, 
with  impruvemeutd  lately  introduced. 

328  Mitchell,  William.  0  Si.  PaattS'iuare, 

Birm  iwj/uiiH — Mouufoctiirer. 
Metallic  pens  and  penholders. 


32'j  BarTlEbT,  W.,  &  SoKB,  KrtWiIcA,  rvor  JinnfiyAawi, 
and  'M  tlivs/uim  Stm-I,  Citj —Mamifaoturere. 

Noodles  of  every  description,  with  the  most  important 
dtagcs  in  the  process  of  manufacture,  from  the  wire  up 
to  the  fiuishod  state. 

Fish-ho-ika,  of  every  description,  for  sea,  river,  or  lako 
tinhiii^,  with  Bpeeiiuena  exhibiting  the  diUereut  stages  in 
the  prucoss  of  manufitcture. 

[Fishing  hooks  are  formed  by  nimiile  tools;  a  bundle  of 
Hire  is  cut  into  lengths,  and  Btroighlened ;  the  barb  is 
formed  by  a  simple  blow  with  a  chisel;  the  opposite  end 
is  flattened — the  barbed  end  [minted;  they  are  then  csse- 
barilened,  the  sur&cu  being  portly  acted  on  and  ruudered 
extremely  bani,  by  means  oT  immersion  in  hot  ""ifiial 
charcoal,  they  uru  suUietiueutly  brightened  by  ftiction, 
lUid  tenqierud;  in  sotuu  coses  tbey  are  japonneil,  in 
others  tiuued,  but  this  referaunlyto  the  lunjer  siies. — 
W.  C.  A.] 

330       BoCLTOS,  William,  &  Son,  llalditfh,  nt.ir 
I'  irrtiiiiijhn  m —  Maoulocturera. 
Necdlua — sewing,  notling,  knitting,  tambour,  cTodiet, 
rii|;  or  carpet,  and  chenille. 


G32 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


United 


Steel  meshes.  Surgeons'  needles.  Stay,  mattress,  up- 
holBteren',  sail,  and  packing  needles. 

Sail  hooks.  Bodkins  and  needles  in  fancy-work.  Har- 
poons used  in  whale-fishing. 

Spears  used  in  whale,  shark,  and  dolphin  fishing. 
Large  sea  fish-hooks.     Hooks  for  fresh-water  fishing. 


332       NiCKLiN  &  Sneath,  57  Bradford  Street, 
Birmingham — Manufacturers . 

Copper,  brass,  and  iron  weaving,  of  various  meshes, 
from  64  holes  to  the  square  inch,  or  8  mesh,  to  22,500 
holes  to  square  inch,  or  1 50  mesh. 

Finedrawn  brass  and  copper  wire;  copper  wire  drawn 
firom  a  penny  piece. 

Strong  iron  weaving,  for  kiln  floors,  smut  machines, 
&c. 

Brass  wire  cloth  with  seams,  as  used  for  paper  machines, 
in  the  manufacture  of  paper. 

[The  extreme  ductility  of  brass  is  shown  in  the  manu- 
facture of  wire.  A  mass  weighing  15  grains  has  been 
drawn  into  181  yards.  It  is  drawn  by  hand  through 
metal  holes  or  plates,  soap  being  used  to  lubricate  the 
wire,  in  order  to  prevent  adhesion,  and  to  give  it  a  finished 
and  smooth  surfeuse. — W.  C.  A.] 


332a  Mabtin  &  Qbat,  Berkeley  Street,  Binniikgham,  and 
14  Gough  Square,  fleet  Street — ^Manufacturers. 

Qas  chandelier,  finished  in  gold  colour  and  "artistic 
bronze."  Pattern,  finished  in  artistic  bronze  and  gold 
colour,  relief.     Qas  brackets. 

Two  chariot  lamps;  one  britzka  lamp;  newly-invented 
r^gistereil  lamps  for  the  interior  of  can'iages,  &c. 

Mantel  and  centre  vase  lights  for  gas. 

Candle  lamps,  hanging  limps,  and  hand  lanterns. 

Toilet  furniture,  and  coal  vase,  japanned. 

["Artistic  bronze  "is  not  as  may  be  supposed,  either  pro- 
duced by  an  acid,  or  by  oxidation;  it  is  simply  a  mixture 
of  colour  ground  up  in  turpentine  varnish;  its  depth,  or 
lightness  of  shade,  being  regulated  by  the  addition  of 
the  blue  or  yellow  colour  in  use.  It  is  applied  by  a 
brush,  and  the  powder  bronze  is  touched  upon  the  pro- 
jecting parts. — W.  C.  A.] 


333     MoBBALL,  Abel,  St'ulfeif  Works,  Wtncickshire — 
Inventor  and  Manufiicturer. 

Speoimens  of  needles.  Knitting  pins.  Polished  steel, 
ffilt,  plated,  and  steel  bodkins.  Pattern  card  of  needles 
m  thd  different  states  of  manufacture. 

Specimens  of  machinery  for  making  needles:— Stamp 
press,  or  eyeing  machine;  filing,  edding,  and  curing 
machines. 

[Needle-making  may  be  thus  described : — The  steel  wire 
is  cut  into  lengths  sufficient  to  make  two  needles;  these 
are  collected  into  bundles,  and  straightened  by  a  peculiar 
process;  the  grinder  takes  a  number  of  these  pieces  in 
his  hand,  and  causing  them  to  rotate  on  a  grindstone, 
points  them;  he  next  reverses  the  ends  and  effects  the 
same  result;  they  are  then  cut  in  two,  flattened  on  the 
end,  and  eye-punched  either  by  children  or  machinery; 
the  roughness  is  removed,  the  eye  smoothed  by  filing. 
They  are  then  tempered  in  quantities,  and  polished  by 
being  gathered  together  and  made  to  traverse  a  horizontal 
hearth  or  table,  some  abrasive  substance  hlbncat<^d  with 
oil  being  introduced  amongst  them :  scoiuing,  winnowing, 
and  sorting  then  follow. — W.  C.  A."| 


331      Hemming,  Henbt,  Redditch,  near  Worcester — 

Manufacturer. 

A  general  assortment  of  sea  and  river  fish-hooks,  adapted 
for  Uie  taking  of  all  kinds  of  fish. 


334    HoBSFALL,  JAMEi,  Oxford  Street,  Bimmgham — 
Manufacturer  and  Proprietor. 

Highly  finished  steel  wire,  for  pianofortes  and  other 
musical  instruments. 

Annealed  wire,  used  as  an  under  covering  of  the  "new 
patent  brass  strings,"  for  pianofortes. 

Plated,  japanned,  and  self-coloured  hitch,  bridge,  and 
other  pins. 

Single,  double,  and  treble  spun  bass  strings,  for  piano- 
fortes. 

Hand  and  mill-drawn  steel  wire,  for  the  manufacture 
of  needles,  fish-hooks,  &c. 

[The  term  self-coloured  indicates  the  colour  assumed 
by  steel  when  brought  to  certain  heats,  either  a  straw 
or  blue  colour.  Hitch  pins  are  what  the  ^strings  are 
hitched  or  hung  upon;  bridge  pins  are  those  placed  on 
the  wooden  bridge,  from  which  the  strings  commence 
vibrating;  globe,  ball,  and  cone  key  pins  are  pins  with 
variously-shaped  heads,  going  through  the  centre  and 
front  of  the  key,  to  keep  them  in  their  places.  Wrest  pins 
are  the  pins  on  which  the  strings  are  wound  in  tuning. 
— H.  E.  D.] 


335     Gtx>DHAN,  Qeoroe,  Caroline  Street,  Birmmgham — 

Manufactiu'er. 

Patent  elastic  fine-pointed  pins,  black,  purple,  and 
dress. 

Specimens  of  the  various  sizes  of  brass  pins,  and  of 
needles. 


336      Edelsten  &  Williams,  New  Hall  Work*, 
Bimungham — Manufacturers. 

Pins :  the  heads  and  shafts  being  formed  of  one  aolid 
piece  of  metal,  in  order  to  render  the  head  immoveable  and 
smooth  in  use;  made  by  improved  machinery. 

Model  dies  to  show  the  formation  of  the  head. 

Elastic  hair-pins. 

Specimens  of  iron  wire  in  various  sizes. 

[In  pin-making  the  wire  is  brass  (a  compound  of  eof^ier 
and  zinc) :  it  is  reduced  by  the  ordinary  prooeaa  c^  with- 
drawing to  the  requisite  thickness;  in  this  prooeM  ti  m 
necessarily  curved.     To  remove  this  it  is  re-wound,  and 
pulled  through  between  a  number  of   pins  arranged 
at  the   draw,    or   straightening   bench;  it  is  than  cot 
into  convenient  lengths  for  removal,  and  finally  redneed 
to  just  such  a  length  as  will  make  two  pins.    The  pointing 
ii  done  upon  steel  mills  (revolving  wheels),  the  ciitnim- 
ference  of  which  is  cut  with  teeth,  the  one  fine,  the  olber 
coarse.     Thirty  or  forty  lengths  are  picked  np  at  onoe, 
and,  as  in  needle-making,  the  cast  of  hand  given  by  the 
workman  makes  them  revolve,  and  the  whole  are  pointed 
at  once;    the   same  operation  is  performed  with  the 
other  end.     The  process  of  heading  is  next  eflbcted  ee 
follows:  a  number  of  the  pointed  wires,  now  out  in  two, 
are  placed  in  the  feeder  of  the  machine;  one  dn^  in, 
is  firmly  seized,  and,  by  means  of  a  pair  of  dies,  a  portion 
of  the  metal  is  forced  up  into  a  snudl  bulb,  thus,  ^=^ ; 
by  a  beautifully  simple  and  automatic  amngement»  it  is 
passed  into  another,  when  a  small  horizontal  hemmer 
gives  it  a  sharp  tap,  which  completes  the  head.    The  white 
colour  is  produced  by  boiling  in  a  solution  of  oreem  of 
tartar  and  tin.    They  are  then  dried,  and  pawed  into  the 
hands  of  the  wrappers-up.    The  preparation  or  maridng  of 
the  paper  is  peculiar,  and  is  done  by  means  of  a  moulded 
piece  of  wood,  the  moulds  corresponding  to  thoee  portiona 
which  represent  the  small  folds  of  paper  through  which 
the  pins  are  passed,  and  thereby  held.    The  pins  are  then 
taken  to  the  paporers,  who  aix:  each  seated  in  front  of  a 


KUCGDOM.J 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29, 


633 


bench,  to  wfaidi  is  attached  a  horisontally-hinged  piece  of 
iron,  the  edge  of  which  is  notched  with  a  corresponding 
number  of  marks  to  the  number  of  pins  to  be  stuck;  the 
small  catch  which  holds  together  the  two  parts  of  the  iron 
ia  releaaed,  the  paper  introduced,  and  a  pin  inserted  at 
everj  mark:  the  paper  is  then  released,  and  the  task  of 
examination  follows,  which  is  the  work  of  a  moment.  The 
paper  of  pins  is  held  so  that  the  light  strikes  upon  it; 
those  defectiTe  are  immediately  detected  by  the  shade, 
taken  out,  and  others  substituted  in  their  stead.  An 
It  edict  of  Henry  VIII.  held  that  "  no  one  should 
sell  any  pins  but  such  as  were  double-headed,  or  the 
hettds  soldered  fast  on."— W.  C.  A.] 


337  Wakkfibld,  J.  T.,  Lichfield  Street,  Birmingham — 

Manufacturer. 

Various  specimens    of    wire,   wire   gauze,   and  wire 
goods. 

338  Mtbbs  k  Son,  Newh<tU  Street,  Birmitigham — 

Manufacturers. 
foecimens  of  steel  pens,  and  improved  steel  pen  and 
qaifi  penholders,  in  gold,  silver,  and  other  metals. 


339  Mitchell*  John,  48  New  Hall  Street,  Birmingham — 
Manufacturer  and  Patentee. 
Plitent  self-adapting  pens  and  holder,  and  steel -pens  in 
numerous  varieties. 


340    Mbmknoeb  &  Sons,  Broad  Street,  Birmingham 

— Manufacturers. 

Domestic  groups  of  the  Queen  and  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
in  or-molu  and  bronxe. — Modelled  by  John  Bell. 

Fqiwiliisn  statuette  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  in 
broliae. 

Portion  of  a  chandelier  in  bronze,  m  designed  by  Mr. 
Gnmer,  for  the  Pavilion  in  Buckinj^h.-un  Palace  gardens. 

<^>mamental  <le9ign  in  or-molu,  afl  a  balustrade  for  a 
staircase.  Capital,  in  or-niolu,  taken  from  the  temple  of 
Jupiter  Stater,  at  Rome. 

Ornamental  bracket,  for  gas,  in  or-raolu.  Candelabra, 
for  gas,  in  or-molu  and  bronze.  Ornamental  scroll  and 
•upport,  in  iron,  bronzed. 

Antique  tripod  and  candelabnun,  for  gas.  in  iron ;  an- 
tiuue  eagle  candelabrum,  for  gas,  in  or-molu;  tripod  can- 
delabrum, in  iron,  for  gas,  bronzed. 

Candelabrum,  in  the  style  of  Louis  Quatorze,  six-lights, 
for  candles,  in  ormolu. 

Gothic  candlestick,  in  or-molu.  Gothic  vase,  in  bronze. 

Ornamental  group,  for  a  letter  balance. 

Antique  Roman  vases,  in  bronze. 

^Jroupe,  consisting  of  bull,  cow,  and  calf,  fonning  an 
iokstanoT  Group  of  g«ats,  forming  an  inkstand. 

Cupid's  comi»«se»!i,  a  watch  and  thermometer  stand, 
regifltarerl  inkstand,— (iroiips  of  fighting  horses.  Cups, 
"  Match  in  the  dark."  Rustic  scene.  Antitjue  caskets. 
.^•ent  vase*.  Ornamental  match-holder,  "  Gijwy  figures." 
Candlestick,  Climbing-boy.  Letter-balance,  Justice. 
Inkntaod,  Antique  stag.  Registered  ornamental  match - 
bolder.  All  in  or-molu  and  bronze.  Various  specimens 
in  bronse. 

Refristered  station  signal,  and  tail-lamps.  Hand  signal 
lamps,  in  brass,  exhibiting  three  coloiirs.  Double  and 
single  gauge,  and  porters'  ticket-lamps.  Registered  roof- 
lamp,  for  carriages.  Lamp  on  the  old  principle.  Side 
and  double  si<le  signal  lamp.  All  for  railway  purposes. 
Carriage  lamps,  plain  silver  moimted.  Variety  of  pat- 
t«TM  of  general  gas  fittings,  engine  cocks,  &c. 

[Bronxe  varies  in  its  composition  according  to  the  taste 
of  the  artist  as  to  the  depth  of  colour  or  its  hardnoKS ;  a 
very  excellent  bronze  is  formcil  by  the  a<ldition  of  J  oz. 
of  tin  to  16  oz.  of  copper. 


The  casting  of  a  bronze  statue  may  thus  be  described : 
the  core  is  made  up  of  brick-work  and  clay  until  a  rude 
representation  of  the  intended  work  is  made;  upon  thia 
the  sculptor  models,  in  wax,  of  the  thickness  intended  for 
the  metal,  all  the  details,  such  as  the  features,  drapery, 
&c. ;  when  this  is  Qompleted,  it  is  coated  with  loam  of 
very  thin  consistency,  then  follow  repeated  solid  coatings 
of  clay,  &c.,  until  a  shell  of  sufficient  strength  to  bear 
the  pressure  of  the  melted  metal  is  formed;  the  whole  is 
then  bound  together,  heat  is  applied,  the  wax  is  melted 
out,  and  a  space  thereby  left  for  the  introduction  of 
the  metal;  suitable  runners  are  made,  and  vents  to 
allow  the  free  escape  of  air.  The  metal  is  melted  in 
reverberating  furnaces,  and,  when  in  a  proper  condition, 
the  plug  is  withdrawn,  and  the  mould  filled.  After  being 
allowed  to  remain  until  cool,  it  ia  opened,  the  roughness 
cleansed  off,  and  the  statue  ia  completed.  The  peculiar 
tinge  of  the  bronze  is  acquired  by  exposure  to  the 
air. 

A  bronze  of  nearly  the  same  tinge  is  given  to  brass  by 
immersion  in  a  mixture  of  spirits  of  salt  and  arsenic;  the 
metal  is  to  be  heated  previous  to  thia;  the  article  is  there- 
after brushed  with  black  lead,  and,  after  being  again 
heated,  is  coated  with  a  lacquer,  composed  of  lac  and 
spirits  of  wine,  with  a  little  yellow  colouring  matter; 
the  shade  of  antiquity  is  thus  imparted  in  a  few  minutes. 

The  establishment  of  the  exhibitors  is  one  of  the  oldest 
in  the  trade  in  Birmingham ;  it  has  been  in  existence 
upwards  of  50  years;  it  was  one  of  the  earliest  to  recog- 
nise the  importance  of  the  union  of  art  with  manufactures. 
For  this,  the  skill  of  Flaxman  and  Chantrey  was  called 
into  requisition;  artists,  celebrated  for  their  skill  in  archi- 
tectural enrichment,  were  also  employed  in  the  modelling 
of  balustrades,  candelabrum,  tripods,  &c. — W.  C.  A.] 


\\A\      Stururs,   Richard  Ford,   46   BrtKid  Street, 
Binniinjhain — Manufacturer  and  Patentee. 

Electroplated  articles  on  hard  w^hite  metal.  Urns, 
lamps,  candlesticks,  starnds,  trays,  frames,  tea  and  coffee 
pots,  pneumatic  cotfee  filter,  jugs,  sj)oous,  &c.  These 
articles  are  made  by  a  process,  without  seams  or  soldering, 
so  as  to  diminish  labour  and  cost;  particularly  that  of 
embossing  and  chasing. 

The  articles  are  cast  in  metal  moulds,  in  a  heated 
state ;  a  stream  of  water  is  made  to  play  upon  the 
moulds,  when  filled  with  hot  metal,  which  causes  the 
mould  to  contract,  and  thus  produce  a  greater  degree  of 
sharpness  in  the  fine  parts  of  the  casting;  the  metal  used 
expands  in  cooling. 


Stiirges'  Electro  plated  Snuffer  Tray 


Slurge**  Klertro  plated  I»rc4n»er  Siaml. 


Claw  22.— GENEBAL  UABDWAKE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27  ;  0.  »,  &  P.  8  TO  29. 


■'  ElKbn-pUt*!  CUu  BmiM. 


Stiut«'  Elsetio-pliitcd 


342  TBnis,Tw<m.,ti.ao»,NorikWa>d3trMt,Birwti^kam 
— Dengnen  and  Htnnftetarera, 

Spacimena  of  magneto-plate  aalTer.  Liqaor  frame  with 
groteaque  hajidle,  and  varioua  magnato-idatad  aiticlia  K>r 
hoiuwbold  uae. 

Hagneto-plate  deaaert  knivea  and  foika,  with  alrar 
tiandlea,  and  spoooa  of  new  and  Tariooa  patteraa. 


camphine  lamp.    Candalabi&. 

cait  braia  from  Bankart^a  patent  copper;  aod  of 

patent  auaphine. 


Saoifn' ElMln-ptelcd  T«  KMik  ud  Sund, 


145      EpwiBDs,  E.,  . 

Tarioua  glou  iukitands,  filled  with  black,  blue,  and  red 
ink.  Junction  inkstand,  containing  black  and  red  ink  id 
one  veBBal.  Safety  inkBtond,  for  uae  on  ahip-boan].  IVo- 
pical  inkstand,  niUi  aelf-claaing  ltd,  to  pravvit  erapomttmi 
and  exclude  inaec^- 

Bronzed  inkjrtanda  of  cast  iron.     Caat-iron  mfcrtnmla. 


twehe  at  once  bj  prcaauie. 

[The  following  note, 
may  be  acceptable  in  thi*  place. 

A  large  number  of  tbe  articlae 
factured  at  Birmingham  are  not  produoad  i) 
fadoriea  in  wliigli  large  oa]iitali 


1 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  QBATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  '27  ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


tbs  aractioo  of  machineiy.  Almnat  nil  the  inull  wares  of 
the  diitrict  are  msdo  bj  workmen,  who  undertake,  each 
MM  in  hi*  imrticular  tine,  to  execute  order*  raceived  b; 
tb*  merehanti  and  ageota  eettled  in  the  town.  The  pro- 
fitable petfomance  of  their  contracta,  however,  calU  for 
th«  emplofTDMit  of  a  ohaapar  kind  of  power  than  ia  at  the 
ciKsmand  of  men  who,  like  these  workneo.  have  littlp  o> 
ibo  capita] ;  aod  thia  coune  of  buainoAB  hna  oponeil  a 
«)ia&nel  for  the  smploTrnsnt  of  money  in  the  town,  in  a 
taanoer  whiofa  is  found  to  be  profitable  to  those  who  eii' 
m^  in  it,  and  adnntageoua  to  the  amAll  manufacturer. 
The  plan  dladed  to  ia  thia;  a  building,  containintc  h 
Ifrmt  number  nf  rooma  of  varioiia  aiwH,  ia  fumioheil  with 
A  ataain'CogiDe,  wotldnK  nbnfU  trmo  which  nro  pW od  in 
-arh  apartment,  or  woriuhnp.  which  ia  likewixe  furotiihiHl 
trith  a  lathe,  beoche*.  and  inch  other  cnnvenienoes  aa 
an  anited  U>  the  Torioua  branchM  of  mnnufocturu  for 
irbieh  the  roMni  are  likely  to  be  needed.  Whoa  a 
waikmati  has  recrived  an  order  for  the  aiippl;  of  such  a 
quaati^  of  good*  aa  will  occupy  him  a  veek,  or  a.  month, 
nr  any  other  pjrtm  time,  for  their  completion,  hn  hirea 
not  or  more  of  these  rooaia,  of  niiea  and  with  coavoni- 
•dm*  anited  to  hia  particular  wnnta,  stipuUtiiig  for  the 
oae  of  a  oertun  amonnt  of  ateun-pnwer.  He  thua  realisea 
all  tha  advantage  that  would  accompany  the  posHeiwion 
of  a  atcam-Migioe;  utd  aa  the  building*  thiu  fitted  up 
Are  Dimiaroaa,  competition  on  the  {nrt  nf  tlieir  owners 
hia  brou^t  down  the  charge  for  the  accommodAtion 
tt«y  oAr  to  the  lowest  figure  that  will  ooiure  to  them 
the  (ndinarj  rata  of  profit  on  the  capita  employed. 

At  th*  Bune  time  aa  thia  peculiarity  eziata  in  thia 
gnat  matal  mart,  it  mitat  bs  undentood  that  there  are 
•oma  mart  wctenrire  establiahmenta  from  which  many  of 
the  laipat  eontributiona  to  the  Eihibititm  bnve  been 
twenad,  that  contain  within  their  own  premisea  nil  the 
Is  of  producTtian. 


Mf<  LowK,  Jobs  1  Heniit,  airfnro  Warti,  llinn!,uihnm 
— Maniifacturera. 
CajTiage-iaraps,  hnmeM  mountint^,  mddlon'  iroQ- 
mongery,  &c.  Ailjujitinf;-iron  for  ilnah-liuiipii,  aiiitiiblc 
thr  awMpa  of  caniace  ilaih-bonrdii.  Cotlinge'n  patent 
^i\e.  CUrence  carriage-etcp.  CarriagD-roIler,  holt,  and 
tmd.  Drag-nhoe.  Plain  and  forked  turned  nwclU. 
PalcruTD  for  gig-ahafbi.  Dnfc-cart  Bcrew,  nml  Ride  iron. 
Htsd-work,  he.  Huntinc,  hackney,  and  liuliea'  bridlex. 
iiriaat -plates,  and  uteel  bit*.  HnafHm,  pelhoma,  and 
rtimiid.     Gig  and  carnage  bits,  spurH,  ic. 

[The  manufacture  of  nadiUem'  ironmongery  ia  princi- 
pally located  at  Birmingluun,  und  in  tho  ncighbDimn^ 
l-'wna  of  WolTcrhampton,  Wabuill,  &c.  Its  object  ia  tho 
pcnduction  of  bits,  apuni.  Htimips,  ciirb-chninn,  &f .  These 
aiv  formed  out  of  iron  and  rteol,  by  the  onlinnry  proc«vt 
r-f  hammering;  and  are  Rni^beil  by  jajninning,  tinning, 
biimiahing,  or  platini;  with  hnuii  or  BiWer.  Some  pro- 
diicwl  for  tha  South  Americnn  mnrkat,  arc  of  very 
fAoloirtic  shapes,  and  richly  gilt;  they  differ  from  thniu 
for  luimo  use  in  their  miu«ive  npjKanuieo,  the  siiUu  of  the 
t-iti  bring  carred  into  various  ih'sigiiH.  and  the  rowulK  of 
ih*'  »pui«  are  msile  cnnnnnui'ly  larw'.  Wliini  bitJi  nre  ti. 
\t»  plated  with  metal,  they  are  linniHl.  nml  n  piece  uf 
uH-tal  of  suflldent  thickiiess  is  wrapped  or  lient  round  it 
V>y  pmsurc.  this  i*  aided  liy  prouing  dun-n  ujion  theiii 
w^lh  buminhem,  4c.  When  tho  covering  h-iti  iKvn  msilc' 
ti>  adhm  very  closely,  the  whole  bi  hintcil,  tin  solilor  is 
^>|ili«l,  and  the  two  become  united;  tha  fluid  pnlifih  in 
jpTR)  t>y  the  (rictioQ  uf  bulT  l-nthxr  and  posdirnl  l.iintt 
f.tU'n-«l-.ne.  -W.  C,  A.] 


a47         WooLORiBOE,  JoBi:Lfi,  38  St.  Pavti  S.]<tni-e, 
BirmaKjIunii — Hsnufacturer. 

Or-moln  door  lock  and  bell  lever,  dadgned  by  T.  C 
Hiae,  architect,  Nottin^am;  modelled  by  Joseph  Jon- 
□in^,  Jumee  street,  Biimingham. 

Bnuw  bell  levera,  door  handles,  hat  and  coat  hooka, 
piu-ts  glass  and  china. 

BnwK  window  atay,  aelf-eoting  stay;  door  hinges,  and 
book  clasp  and  bingo,  by  Joaeph  Jannings. 

Door  latch,  taasel  books,  and  casement  catch. 

BmSB  flush  and  socket  door  bolts,  window  blind  piilleyL 
sash  fastenera  and  screws,  table  iiuiteDcrs,  bell  ^des  and 

BiuBB  hooks,  hinges,  handles,  rings,  and  eaatotv  of 
TflrioUB  patterns. 

Bmss  deck  light  and  ventilator,  stove  Tentilatoni,  ham- 
mock hooks,  door  stay,  pin  and  nut,  pin  and  chain,  bolt, 
toy  cannon. 

[The  or-molu  of  the  braaa-founder,  popniarlj  known 
aa  an  imitation  of  red  gold,  is  eitonaivBty  used  by  the 
French  workers  in  metals.  It  is  generally  found  in  com- 
bination with  grate  and  store  work.  It  is  composed  of  a 
greater  proportion  of  capper  and  less  sine  than  ordinary 
bmss,  is  cleanedrGAdilyby  means  of  acid,  and  is  burnished 
with  facility.  To  give  this  material  the  rich  appearance, 
it  is  not  unfrequeotly  brightened  up  oiler  "dipping"  (that 
is,  cleaning  in  acid),  by  means  of  a  scratch  bnisli  (a  brush 
made  of  fine  brass  wire),  the  action  of  which  helps  to  pro- 
duce a  very  brilliant  gold-like  surface.  It  is  protected 
from  tarnish  by  tho  application  of  lacquer.— W.  C.  A.] 


3-t8       HOLDKK,   HOWABD  AsHTOK,   9fi  5ujfo«  Strtft, 

/'irniiriffAiim— Monufooturer. 

Plain  and  chased  door-hnndles,  carriage-door  hinges, 
mouldings  and  donr-bending,  staplaa,  escutcheons,  hsr- 
neas-bucklee,  mountings  and  omanienta,  niitway-haiidles, 
carringe-bcBdiDg,  hinges  and  funiishings. 

Clinriot  lani^i^,  nulway  biifTur.  and  tail-end  lanipe. 
Hand  signiil-lnnip,  with  rogiHtcrud  impruTcmonts.  Side 
signal  lampH. 

[Donr-haddton,  whether  for  orilinnry  carringes  or  for 
railway  puriiom*,  hinges,  buckles,  Ac,  oro  first  cast, 
snd  the  oiTuunentnl  ports  fiiiislicil  by  being  c1ins«l. 
Soiiiu,  of  a  luoru  omomontal  kind,  ore  produced  by  a 
uniun  of  stamped  and  cast  work,  the  former  being  attAchoil 
by  solder  to  a  fmindation  of  cant  brniu  or  iron.  Ilinding 
is  furmixl  out  of  sheet  metal,  and  is  drawn  through  a 
ibe,  but  with  a  plug 


introducHi,  f^r  the 


puq^w 


I  of  keeping  it  in  aliape  ;  tho 


apriKu  by  which  it  is  nttnehed  a 
when  tho  solder  is  apiilied  in  fill  up  tho  back.  Tlio  cilid 
mouhling  is  furmod  by  rollors.  and  is  made  out  of  noliil 
ductile  hniM,  the  circumferunco  of  tha  rolls  being  gmovnl 
tr  a  corresponding  form  to  tho  abai>e  of  tlie  moulding 
reqiiire'l.— W.  C.  A.] 


■!4i' 


Rlews.    WlL 

ManulEictiir 
>ndlc  nn<l  i 


fncture<llij;Mi«  ,    __ ^., 

CHndK-sticki—  lirass.  and  irnisTitil  mctnl. 

Iiii|<eriid  Htnuibu-il  jx-ck  iuid(?ill<itinio:L<urc<',  uiiule  fmiu 
the  originnl  pnlli'rns  iis  siipplicil  by  Ihu  Intu  Mr.  Uiti'  f'>r 
the  Eiche>[uer.  Loiidnn. 

IVeightd  —  lirass,  B<i|id,  to.;  and  circular  siivcri'ii'u 
weights  from  lOii  sovcroigris  ilown  to  a  hiilf-sovi'raigti, 

Ljuyo  boll,  in  rruiiic.  for  Htutm-voHHiilM;  and  smull,  in 

ScuttliM— liniss,  and  ship,  filltol  with  Lockhutd's  laitt'Ut 
lKTfnral,.d  gl,.«™. 


636 


Class  22.--GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


Ukited 


[Bell  and  candlestick  founding  and  making  are  under- 
stood, in  the  Birmingham  trade,  to  go  together.  The 
operation  of  casting  may  be  similar,  but  the  composition 
of  the  two  metals  is  exceedingly  different,  the  one  being 
hard,  the  other  pliable  and  ductile.  Bell-metal,  though 
composed  of  two  of  the  softest  of  metals,  viz.,  copper  and 
tin,  when  united  in  the  proportion  of  four  to  one,  forms  a 
mixture  easily  broken  and  capable  of  producing  sound. 
Small  bells  are  cast  in  sand,  those  of  a  laige  size  are  pro- 
duced in  loam. 

Candlesticks  are  cast  in  sand,  and  made  hollow  by 
the  introduction  into  the  mould  of  what  is  called  "a 
core,"  viz.,  a  piece  of  sand  corresponding  in  size  to  the 
hollow  of  the  pillar.  Upon  his  skill  in  making  this,  in 
such  a  manner  as  to  produce  uniform  thickness  of  metal 
throughout,  depends  the  success  of  the  workman ;  the 
metal  must  also  be  of  a  proper  temperature,  or  the  casting 
is  rendered  useless  by  the  presence  of  flaws.  Candlestick 
are  finished  by  being  turned,  and  polished  by  friction 
when  in  a  state  of  motion  in  the  lathe;  the  bottoms,  when 
round,  are  also  turned;  when  square,  they  are  filed  and 
polished.  The  composition  of  the  metal,  in  this  case,  is 
copper  and  zinc,  in  the  proportion  of  16  ounces  of  the 
former  to  8  ounces  of  the  latter. 

Lockhead's  patent  glass  is  produced  by  a  roller  having, 
on  its  circumference,  projections  corresponding  to  the 
apertures  intended,  which  is  made  to  traverse  the  surface 
of  the  glass  ;  when  in  a  molten  state,  an  indentation  is 
made  for  every  projection,  and  the  whole  is  finished  by 
grinding,  which  removes  the  extra  glass  and  relieves  the 
apertures.  It  is  useful  for  purposes  of  ventilation. — 
W.  C.  A.] 

350     DUGABD,  WuLUJLM  &  Hbnrt,  Upper  Priory, 
Birmingham — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Carriage'lamps,  full,  plain,  and  fancy,  silver  and  gilt- 
mounted.     Silver  and  gilt-moimted  winker. 

Registered  collar,  fml  silver-mounted :  it  requires  no 
hames,  and  can  be  put  on  over  the  neck  instead  of  the 
head.  Collar  with  patent  leather  silver  ornaments,  and 
coat  of  arms. 

New  pattern  hames,  plated  on  Qerman  silver,  and 
cased  on  iron. 

Improved  pattern  of  hair  horse-saddles,  silver-mounted : 
and  with  fronts  and  rosettes.  Silver-mounted  saddle- 
top. 

Improved  shaft-tugs,  open  and  closed. 

Registered,  brass-mounted,  thiller  cart-horse  collar, 
"  miniature." 


351     Hetherington,  T.,  &  Co.,  28  Cannon  Street, 
Birmingham — Manufacturers. 

Circular  chariot  lamp,  full  silver  mounted,  with  engraved 
glasses,  and  chased  edges. 

Chariot  five  glass  lamp,  viz.,  two  oval  and  three  bent 
glasses,  gilt,  full  silver  mounted. 

The  Albert  chariot  lamp,  full  silver  mounted,  with 
chased  edges,  and  three  stiuned  and  engraved  glasses. 

The  royal  crown  chariot  lamp,  full  silver  momited  and 
chased,  with  engraved  glasses. 

The  IVince  of  Wales  lamp,  full  silver  moimted,  with 
chased  edges,  and  engraved  glasses. 

The  chariot  lamp  of  Industry,  full  silver  mounted. 

The  chariot  three-glass  lamp,  full  silver  mounted,  with 
engraved  front  glass,  side  glasses  stained,  gilt  and  ena- 
melled. 


352    EvERiTT,  A.,  &  Son,  Birmingham — Manufacturers. 

Brass  tubes,  for  locomotive  and  marine  boilers;  copper 
and  brass  tubes,  for  gas,  steam,  &c. 

Specimens,  showing  the  process  of  manufincturc  of  rolled 
metalit,  and  of  bnuw  and  copper  ^%nre. 


[Rolled  metal  (brass)  is  prodooed  by  melting  the  metal 
to  be  rolled  in  clay  crucibles;  when  soffioiently  melted, 
mixed,  and  fluxed,  it  is  poured  into  iron  Ingots,  &c., 
which  have  been  previously  smeared  with  oil.  After  this, 
the  "  strip"  is  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  roller,  who 
proceeds  to  what  is  technically  called  "break  it  down;^ 
then  follows  the  process  of  reduction.  The  huge  iron 
rollers  used  in  the  operation  are  fitted  with  serewa  or 
appliances  for  bringing  their  surfiices  in  cIomt  oontaot. 
The  metal  is  annealed  in  muffles,  scaled,  and  piekled 
(cleaned  and  washed  in  an  acid  solution),  and  in  oettain 
cases  where  brightness  is  necessary,  it  is  finidied  by 
being  passed  through  bright-rolls. — ^W.  C.  A.] 


353     Bolton,  Thomas,  Broad  Street  Metal  Worke, 
Birmingham — Mannfhcturer. 

Sheet  brass,  German  silver  and  copper.  SpedmfSaa  of 
the  process  of  manu&cture  of  brass  wire,  round  and 
shaped  brass  and  copper  wires,  and  of  tubing.  Bnas  and 
copper  tubing ;  locomotive  and  mandril  drawn  tabing. 
Brass  solder. 

[The  metal  of  which  brass  wire  is  formed  is  cast  in 
strips  and  rolled  to  the  required  thickness;  it  is  then 
"  slit "  into  square  rods  of  metal  by  the  operatkm  of 
cylindrical  rollers;  the  laiger  sixes  of  wire  have  conMtB 
taken  off  by  being  passed  through  a  pair  of  rolls ;  the 
smaller  sizes  are  at  once  passed  through  steel  draw- 
plates. 

Brass  or  other  tubes  are  formed  from  rolled  metal, 
which  is  cut  to  the  required  breadth  by  means  of  re- 
volving discs ;  in  the  laige  sizes  of  tubes,  the  metal  is 
partially  curved  in  its  leng^  by  means  of  a  pair  of 
rolls ;  when  in  this  condition,  it  is  pswed  through  a  fltosl 
hole  or  a  die,  a  plug  being  held  in  such  a  pootion  as 
allows  the  metal  to  pass  between  it  and  the  interior  of 
the  hole.  Oil  is  used  to  lubricate  the  metal;  the  motion 
is  communicated  by  power,  the  drawing  apparatos  being 
a  pair  of  huge  nippers,  which  holds  the  brass,  and  is 
attached  to  a  chain  which  revolves  around  a  windlaM  or 
cylinder.  The  tube,  in  its  unsoldered  state,  is  amiealod, 
bound  around  at  intervals  of  a  few  inches  with  iron 
wire,  and  solder  and  borax  applied  along  the  seam.  The 
operation  of  soldering  is  completed  by  passing  the  tube 
through  an  air  stove  heated  with  "  ookes^'  or  "  breeaaB,** 
which  melts  the  solder  and  unites  the  two  edges  of  the 
metal,  and  forms  a  perfect  tube;  it  is  then  inunened  in  a 
solution  of  sulphuric  acid  to  remove  the  scaly  deposit  on 
its  surface,  the  wire  and  extra  solder  having  been  pra- 
viously  removed;  it  is  then  drawn  through  a  "ftniabfay 
hole  plate,"  when  the  tube  is  completed. 

Mandril  drawn  tubes,  as  the  name  indioates,  are  dmfm 
upon  a  very  accurately  turned  steel  mandril ;  by  thSa 
means,  the  internal  diameter  is  rendered  amooth;  the 
tube  formed  by  this  process  is  well  fitted  fbr  telsMopea, 
syringes,  small  pump-cylinders,  &c. 

Brass  solder  is  composed  of  almost  eqoal  qoantitias  of 
copper  and  zinc;  its  properties  should  be  that  of  melting 
at  such  a  temperature  as  will  allow  the  sriieKo  to  be 
soldered  to  be  sufficiently  heated,  but  yet  sons  dsgraes 
from  melting  point.  Solder  is  always  used  in  oonnseiion 
with  borax,  the  cleansing  properties  of  which  ^ipssrs  to 
fiaoilitate  the  fusion  of  the  metal. — W.  C.  A.] 


354 


SouTTEB,  William,  10  MarM  Street,  BimUi^ham— 
Manu&cturer. 
Copper-bronzed  tea  urns,  and  swing  kettles.    Bright 
copper-fluted  coal  vase,  and  round  or  oval  kettles. 


KlVODOM. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


637 


355      Hnx^  Joseph,  Broad  Street,  Birmingham — 

Miinfanturer. 

Specunens  of  stamped  ornaments,  used  in  the  manu- 
&eture  of  lamps,  chandeliers,  &c.,  made  from  sheet  or 
rolled  metal. 

The  metal  in  its  raw  state,  copper  and  spelter ;  mixed 
and  prepared  for  rolling  ;  rolled. 

Bough  shells  finished  from  the  stamp;  and  from  the 
soldering. 

Shells  cleaned  from  the  scale,  by  means  of  aquafortis, 
ready  for  burnishing. 

Su-li^t  body  uid  arms,  cleaned,  burnished,  and 
koqoered. 

Lamps  in  the  finished  state. 

[In  these  specimens,  the  oxidated  or  scaly  appearance 
of  the  metal,  when  undergoing  the  process  of  manufacture, 
will  readily  be  detected;  the  parts  at  which  the  soldering 
has  been  also  made,  are  shown  by  the  brightness  of  the 
•earn.  The  glassy  appearance  at  this  part,  when  un- 
cleansed,  arises  frx>m  the  use  of  the  borax,  which  is  em- 
ployed to  protect  that  portion  of  the  br^uu  to  be  soldered, 
from  becoming  dirty  ;  it  also  acts  as  a  flux,  feu^tatlng 
the  running  of  the  solder.  Inmiersioh  in  weak  nitric 
acid  effectually  remores  the  scales,  after  which  various 
strengths  of  the  same  acid  are  used  until  the  articles  are 
entirely  cleansed;  they  are  finally  dried  out  in  box  saw- 
doat,  and  burnished. — W.  C.  A.] 


356  W 


»,  Samuel,  Oxford  Street,  Birmingham — 
Manufacturer. 

of  window  cornices  in  stamped  brass-foundir, 
with  crimson  and  blue  Telvet,  wainscot  and  knotted  oak, 
rosewood,  and  white  enamel  ground  introduced. 

Impregnable  wrought-iron&e-proof  safe,  of  thick  plates 
doTStsiled  and  rivet^  together. 

Wroug^t-iron  fire-proof  book-case.  Wrought-iron  fire- 
proof deed-box. 

Wronght-iron  treasure  chest  for  exportation,  which  can 
be  taken  to  pieces  for  the  convenience  of  land  carriage. 

Wrought-iron  fire-proof  cabinet,  japanned,  and  suited 
to  the  library,  the  dining-room,  or  the  office.  Fitted  with 
(kftterill's  patent  climax  detector  locks. 

The  above  are  all  lined  and  filled  with  a  non-conducting 
•obntance,  which  efiectually  prevents  the  contents  of  the 
box  or  chest  being  iujureil  by  the  heat,  even  should  the 
<-»uter  metal  be  exposed  to  a  very  high  temperature. 


;J.'>7       LlX>TD,  Gboroe  B.,  BerkfUn  Street  Tube  Works, 
Hinninghain — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  lap-welded  iron  tubes,  as  used  in  marine, 
locomotive,  and  other  steam  boilers ;  the  s^mio  tubes  with 
fittings  for  conveying  gas  and  water;  and  for  hydraulic 
preases.  These  tubes  are  produced  by  improved  ma- 
chinery which  ensures  re|?ularity  and  accuracy  of  finish, 
and  they  can  be  made  in  any  lengths  not  exceeding  15  feet. 


.3r>8       Thomas,  R.,    Icknu'ld  Works^  Birmingham — . 

Manufacturer. 

Brazil  axes.  American  wedge  axes,  and  hand  hatchet. 
Shingling  hatchets,  assorted  patterns.  Cooper's  adze  and 
axe.  Round  and  H<|uare  eye  adze.  Mahogany  stjuaring 
axe.     English  carpenter's  axe. 

Eyed  shell  and  screw  auger.  Double  plane  iron.  Socket 
chisel.     Trowel.     Qun  and  hand  harpoons. 

Improved  grass  shears;  and  a  variety  of  garden  tools, 
to  screw  into  one  handle. 

[The  articles  here  exhibited  illustrate  the  heavy  steel 
''toy"  trade  of  Birmingham.  The  manufacture  of  the 
axe  UAed  by  the  backwoodsman,  of  the  hoe  URe<l  in  the 
agriculture  of  the  tropics,  the  pick  used  by  the  Caffirs  of 
the  Cape,  and  the  harp<»oTi  of  the  whalo-fiKher,  gives  em- 


ployment to  many  artizans  in  its  vicinity.  In  order  to 
convey  a  general  idea  of  the  process  by  which  these 
articles  are  "  got  up,"  the  manufacture  of  an  ordinary 
axe  may  be  selected.  A  piece  of  iron  is  taken,  and 
after  being  heated,  is  doubled  over  a  piece  of  steel  cor- 
responding in  form  to  the  future  eye  which  is  to  hold 
the  shank;  it  is  not  then  welded  together.  A  small 
piece  of  steel  which  is  intended  to  form  the  future  cutting 
edge,  is  heated  along  with  the  iron  back  to  a  welding 
heat,  and  is  passed  under  a  tilt-hammer  (that  is,  a  large 
hamiuer  driven  by  steam  or  water),  which  speedily 
flattens  it  out :  it  is  then  exposed  to  another  heat,  and 
the  eye  is  completed  with  the  small  hammer.  The 
superfluous  iron  or  steel  is  removed  at  the  edge  by  a 
pair  of  large  scissors.  The  process  of  hardening  and 
tempering  follow;  the  grinding  is  performed  on  stones, 
which  cuts  away  the  iron  and  discloses  the  steel  edge. 
The  "glazing"  on  emery  "bobs"  or  wheels  succeeds,  and 
the  polishing  is  effected  by  means  of  oil  and  emery  on  a 
similai*  tool.  Considerable  improvement  in  appearance 
is  imparted  by  the  use  of  a  blue  vamish  which  is  applied 
to  the  axe,  and  drying  in  a  small  stove.  "Toy"  is  a 
technical  term  applied  to  an  anvil,  a  hammer,  and  various 
incongruous  objects  which  are  comprised  under  the 
"heavy  steel  trade,"  readily  imderstood  by  the  initiated. 
— W.  C.  A.] 

359    Tatlor,  William,  13  Sheepcote  Street,  Birmingham 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Original  designs  for  nut-crackers,   sugar-tongs,   door 
knockers,  and  improved  inside  shutter  ban. 


360    Wordsworth,  John,  Birmingham — Designer  and 

Manufikcturer. 

Model  of  an  economical  kitchen  range,  intended  for  a 
close  or  open  fire,  and  for  curing  a  smoky  chimney.  By 
closing  the  oven  dampers  and  opening  the  folding  doors  at 
the  back  of  the  range,  it  assumes  the  appearance  of  a  com- 
mon oven  grate  with  open  fire. 


300a    Kekrick,  ARCHnsALD,  &  Sons,  West  Bromtcich, 
Staff ordsh  ire — Manufacturers. 

Model  of  an  enamelled  tank  or  cistern,  composed  of 
cast-iron  plates,  screwed  together  with  gutta  percha  joint. 

Model  of  enamelled  water  or  gas-pipes,  and  water- 
closet  pan,  with  trap-pipe ;  dog  trough,  poultry  trough, 
and  spittoon. 

Cast-iron  enamelled  culinary  vessels.  Registered  spit- 
toon. 

Casting  of  saucepan  broken  to  show  the  thickness  ; 
turned  casting  previous  to  being  tinned  or  enamelled. 

Cast-iron  butts  and  patent  pivot  butts  with  sections 
showing  the  construction. 

Frame  pulleys;  axle  pulleys;  castors;  upright  castors, 
side  and  screw  pulleys. 

Casting,  showing  the  mode  of  arranging  nails  in  the 
mould  or  flask,  by  which  a  great  number  are  produced  at 
one  operation. 

Specimen  of  enamelled  plate  and  writing. 

[The  application  of  enamel  for  the  protection  of  water- 
cisterns,  j)ipes,  &c.,  from  oxidation,  and  for  the  lining  of 
cooking  utensils,  is  of  comparatively  recent  date.  The 
various  materials  of  which  the  coating  is  composed  (silex 
being  the  principal)  are  reduced  to  a  fluid  state:  the 
article  to  be  coated  is  dipped  in  the  mass;  a  portion  of 
the  fluid  adheres;  it  is  then  subjected  to  the  heat  of  a 
muffle,  and  the  whole  becomes  vitrified  or  reduced  into 
a  glassy  covering,  affording  an  excellent  defence  against 
oxidation,  and  a  substitute  for  the  protectic)n  affordefl  by 
tinning. — W.  C.  A.] 


633 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  To  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


''UXITKD 


361      Bkdinoton  &  ToNKS,  Cheapside,  Birmingham — 

BlanufiBcturere. 

Brum  foimdry,  kc,,  consisting  of  butt,  stop,  and  other 
variety  of  hinges. 

Ventilators,  bolts,  bell-cranks,  pulleys,  castors,  chair- 
arms,  picture,  French  pulley,  espagniolette  and  stidr  rods, 
desk  rails,  and  window  fittings.  Exhibited  for  quality  of 
worimianship  and  cheapness  of  production. 


362  EiMBERiXT,  James,  56  &  57  Tt^e  Street, 

Birmiiujham — Factor  and  Designer. 

Manufactured  articles,  in  stamped  brass  foundry,  of  a 
useful  and  ornamental  character.  These  consist  of  cur^ 
tain  bands,  cornice  pole  ends,  ¥dndow  cornices,  cornice 
pole  brackets,  letter  clips,  miniature  frames,  letter  racks, 
medallions,  brooches,  door  furniture,  finger  door  plates, 
bell  pulls,  &c.  In  these  articles  portraits  and  emblematic 
designs,  illustrative  of  Shakspeare  and  his  works,  are 
inti^uced. 

363  MABRiAir,  James  Pratt,  Slaney  Street,  Birmingham 

— Manufactuner. 

Specimens  of  brass  scroll  ornament;  the  centre  finished 
in  ''artistic  bronze;"  the  outer  compartments  in  Floren- 
tine bronjse. 

Specimens  of  naval  brass  foundry,  consisting  of  ship- 
scuttles,  &o.  The  grooves  for  the  doors  are  fitted  in  some 
cases  with  cork,  and  in  others  with  vulcanized  India- 
rubber,  to  prevent  the  ingress  of  water. 

Qlaas  deck  lights,  mounted  in  brass,  with  brass  venti- 
lators. 

Qun-hole  screw  valves.  Brass  hinges.  Ordnance  metal 
pulleys,  with  anti-firiction  rollers.    Bracket  candle  lamp. 

Registered  oil  and  hand  lamps,  for  bracket  or  table. 


364       Bbisband,  H.,  Howard  Street,  Birmingham — 

Manufiacturer. 
Specimens  of  mother-of-pearl  and  black  pearl  studs  and 
buttons,  of  every  description,  from  the  smallest  to  the 
largest  size  known,  eithor  for  use  or  ornament.  Ladies' 
mother-of-pearl  dress  buttons,  slides,  and  ornaments  for 
dresses,  &c. 

[Pearl-button  making  is  thus  practised :  The  blanks  are 
cut  out  of  the  shell  by  means  of  a  small  revolving  steel 
tube,  the  edge  of  which  is  toothed  as  a  saw;  after  which 
they  are  flatted,  or  reduced  in  thickness,  by  splitting,  which 
is  aided  by  the  laminar  structure  of  the  shell.  At  this 
stage,  being  held  in  a  spring  chuck,  they  are  finished  on 
both  sides  by  means  of  a  small  tool :  the  drilling  is  effected 
by  the  revolution  of  a  sharp  steel  instrument,  which  aottt 
with  great  rapidity.  Ornamental  cuttings  are  produced 
by  means  of  small  revolving  cutters,  and  the  final  brilliant 
polish  is  given  by  the  friction  of  rotten-stone  and  soft- 
soap,  upon  a  revolving  bench. — ^W.  C.  A.] 


365    Atom  &  Sow,  115,  116,  &  117  Barford  Street, 
Birmingham — ^Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  circidar  saws,  uniform  in  thickness,  tem- 
per, and  teeth. 

Case  of  cari>enters'  and  joiners'  tools,  containing  spe- 
cimens of  hand-saws,  back-saws,  planes,  Rqiinres,  bevils, 
spokeshaves,  gauges,  saw-pads,  tumscrews,  brad-awls, 
spirit-levels,  saw-sets,  braces,  bits,  augers,  gimlets,  and 
edge-tools.     Specimens  of  skates. 

[Saws  are  formed  from  plates  of  sheot  steel,  and  are 
toothed  not  by  hand  but  by  means  of  a  press  and  tools. 
Circular  saws  have  the  advantage  of  being  divided  in  their 
teeth  very  accurately  by  means  of  a  division  plate;  this 
prevents  irregularity  of  size,  and  imparts  smoothness  and 
uniformity  of  action.  The  larger  sizes  of  circular  saws 
are  made  in  segments,  and  connected  together  by  means 


of  dovetails.  All  saws  are  hanieniMl  and  tempered  in  oil; 
their  irregularities  are  removed  by  hammering  on  blocks, 
and  they  are  equalized  by  grindhig.  The  several  forms 
of  teeth  do  not,  as  the  casual  obeerver  may  imagine,  de- 
pend upon  taste,  but  are  those  best  fitted  for  cutting 
through  the  particular  section,  quality,  or  hardness  of  the 
material  to  be  cut.  The  "  set "  of  the  saw  consists  in 
inclining  the  teeth  at  the  particular  angle  known  to  be 
the  best  to  fiEunlitate  the  exit  of  the  saw-dust,  and  thereby 
allow  the  saw  to  operate  more  tnelj.  Iron  bars,  shaft- 
ings, &c.,  are  cut  to  length  by  a  steel  circular  saw,  in  ita 
soft  state,  the  iron  to  be  out  being  presented  to  the  saw 
red  hot;  the  saw  rotates  at  a  prodigious  rate,  and  is  kept 
in  cutting  condition,  or  cool,  by  its  lower  edge  being  im- 
mersed in  water.  A  bar,  two  inches  in  diameter,  is  cut 
through  in  a  few  seconds. — W.  C.  A.] 


366         Wright,  Peter,  Constitution  HiH,  DtidU^^ 
Mflnufiacturer  and  Patentee. 

Vice,  with  patent  solid  box,  the  worm  of  which  is  cut 
out  of  solid  iron  and  case-hardened,  thereby  rendering  it 
as  durable  as  steel.    Smiths'  anvil. 


367       Aston,  John,  20  Dale  End,  Birmingham— 

Manu&cturer. 

Brushes  principally  for  the  stable  department,  including 
horse,  water,  hoof,  spoke,  dandy,  shoe,  doth,  hair,  car- 
riage, plate,  dish,  boot-top,  harness,  bit,  dog,  hat,  &c. 
Some  of  the  above  tastefmly  woriced  in  various  devices 
with  dyed  bristles.  Horse  toppings  and  throat  omamentn. 
A  set  of  military  brushes  com^dete,  with  hone,  shoe, 
cloth,  hair,  and  button  brushes. 


367a    Aloock,  Samuel,  Bedditch,  near  Worcetter — 

Manufacturer. 

Artificial  baits  and  flies.  Superfine  Kirfoy-bent  and 
other  hooks  for  angling.  Silk  and  hair  fly-lines  and 
spring  snaps.  Plait  silk  and  silk-twist  lines.  Plait  hemp 
and  cord  lines.     Fancy  porcupine,  cork,  and  quill  floats. 

Oimp,  swivels,  and  artificial  minnows.  Furniture  line«, 
and  a  variety  of  other  tackle. 

New  ring  fish  hook,  invented  by  the  exhibitor,  which 
enables  an  angler  to  fasten  a  fresh  hook  with  Uie  greatest 
ease,  being  perfectly  safe,  no  tying  whatever  being  ro- 
quired. 

368     Warden,  J.,  jun..  Old  Church  Worh,  Birmingham 

— Manu£M;turer. 

Springs,  axles,  &c. : — ^Waggon  spring;  gTMshopper  spring. 
Cart  arm  ;  the  same  with  patent  linchpin.  Scotch  axle. 
Axles,  mail  patent,  long  and  short  lx>lta.  CoUinge's 
patent  axle. 

Patent  waggon  arm,  with  brass  oil  oi^.  Patent  Scotch 
axles,  with  brass  oil  caps.  Engineers*  vice.  Patent  vice, 
with  spherical  washers.  Vice,  with  solid  braas  box. 
Smiths  anvil.    Specimens  of  faggoted  iron. 


370    Mapplebbck  &  Lowe,  Birmingham— "Propneion, 

Cast-iron  chimney-piece,  brown  oxide  (new  mode  of 
bronzing),  with  Berlin  black  ornaments. 

Registered  new  pattern  grate,  with  reverberating  fire 
and  ash-pnn,  fender  and  fire-irons. 

Berlin  black  chimney-piece,  with  figiux»  brackets. 

Black  grate,  with  bright  front  and  moulding,  fender 
an<l  fire-irons.     Black  register  grate,  with  fender. 

ftight  grate,  bumiRhe<l  steel  and  or-inolu  omamcntj*. 
with  pierced  burnished  steel  fender. 

Bright  grate,  with  or-molu  ornaments,  now  ash-]»:in 
and  fender,  all  of  new  patterns. 

Fine  polished  fire-irons,  of  various  patterns  and  new 
designs.     Light  fancy  pokers,  and  coal-vase  ton^. 

Brown's  improved  patent  economical  cooking  appara- 
tus, with  automaton  roasting  jock,  steaming  apiiHnitiis, 
coffee  rooster.  Sec.    Automaton  jack,  with^nit  fnuue. 


■  w  ■^.!!;v:f:^.\  '•^v■'■■  ,;■"!■:    r:v-\"   yi-i-sk;;.  -ii^MiNi^BAM 


:•  w  initif:.,:'  '■•■:;•-■]:■-,   ■viwi.-   wi.bks.  BisHiNeEAM 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  2S. 


Supsrior  opm  fire  cooking  nage,  with  largo  nven  and 
lut  cloMt,  ■trong  uroiiglit  back  bi)[Ier,  wrought-iroD 
nasting  fire,  and  doublo  all  bam,  winiling  cheek,  elliptic 
drauglit-jdatM  with  bright  mouldings,  latchen,  bands, 
and  pjut-nckii,  &c. 

ImproTcd  mnoke-jiKk,  with  two  Tsrtical  luotioiu,  and 
one  borimntal. 

Open-top  bnui  box  end  beam,  for  weighing  bullion  and 
other  artic-lM  of  TiJue, 

Small  pillar  ecalea  for  diinietuing  medicine. 

Chamiita' counter  iiciileH,  bran  boi  end  beam,  with  Bight 
bole  dwek,  open-top  demi-turret  Iuwib  pillar,  with  glasa 
fjtoetal,  ud  orau  ecaleii.     Inverted  weighing  machine. 

Bnm  atandard  icaloe,  hnuH  boies,  and  end  beamx, 
•oUd  fatiM  wei^t  Holee,  double  braw  crankn,  and  porce- 
Wb  walea  for  prnvirion  dealers.     Solid  brawi  weiKhle. 

EDgineera'  itocke  and  diea,  fitted  with  regular  and 
mMtarlap*,andtapwTenchee;  aluo,  with moveMble plates. 

~"  ■  .■■-■-  ngtubing,  fitted  with  dies  and 
■  '  ■'  ■"  i' ordinary  work. 
ron  onuunental 
head  and  foot  rail,  kc. 

Beritn  black  hall  chain,  Bronied  brackotfl.  Berlin 
black  iron  bamewithgUwuid  sconce.    Flower- pot  stand. 

TotMCCo  and  cigar  atand,    and  ink^tAnda,  some  with 


.       tr;  all  B 

Self-acting  spring  tobacco   box.      Bn 

tbIts  for  hot  and  cold  water.    Cinder  kIA 
Hodel  of  Brown's  improved  patent  u 


■1  black. 


^  o  fivnace,  with  Hedingtnn'a  pa- 
This  smoke  coitsumer  can  be  ap- 
1  to  enclosed  fire-places  generally,  in  a  nhort  ipoca  of 
I,  and  at  little  ezpeniie. 


371     PRTON  k  Harlow,  Hu;nin.ii 
Hanitfoctiirers. 
Fatant  tnimmd  metalUc  bedstemlii. 


-InveDtors  ai 


,  .  braiB  four- 
and  nllars  of  taper  imn-tubing  ouied  with  brass 
mented  pillars,  with  lienil  and  foot-mil.  Iron  foiu-' 
,  with  massive  ptUsrs  of  tajier  iron-tubing,  head  and 
rail,  japnnned  to  cormdpiinii  with  suit*  of  papior 
k.c  r..-»j«..».  «*i.;i.:««<i  1..-  u^....,...    .T i^  .k,|„l  w,^. 


iriJgr.   Tliiy  la 


Rihibitp<l  l>v  McKKM.  J 


[In  the  articles  here  exhibited  is  introduced  a  method 
of  casting  together  man;  of  the  parts,  such  ns  the  head 
and  foot  rails,  the  block  or  dovo-tails  on  to  the  comsr 
of  the  posts,  and  the  correspondiiig  portion  which  fits 
:m  to  the  njif;Ie-iron,  an<l  forms  the  ades,  head,  nnd  foot 
if  the  bed.  This  mothoil  of  costing  together  consists  in 
lajing  the  various  pieces  of  iron  rodding  from  which  the 
rails  are  to  be  formed,  into  caxt-iron  nioiilds,  ornamental 
ntaglio  impresaioiui  or  cavitiea  being  lelt  immediately 
under;  when  the  mould  is  closed,  n  connection  is  mods 
with  these  eitemall;  by  means  of  on  aperture;  the  melted 
metal  is  poured  in,  and  a  Jimctinn  is  effedad.  The  pro- 
duction of  taper  tube  pillnn  in  eSectoil  by  passing  the 
"  turned  up"  and  nolderod  tube  through  a  pair  of  rolls, 
whose  external  diameters  are  tntvensed  b;  a  groove  pro- 
portioned to  the  taper  to  be  produced ;  the  tube  inter- 
nally is  supporte<l  by  a  mandril.— -W,  C.  A.] 

372    PowEU.,  John,  Knf  W/wfoir — Inventor  and 
Manufacturer. 
Windsor  portable  economical  oven,  for  baking  over  the 
tnp  of  the  Bre,  and  leaviu^  the  front  for  other  purposes. 

S73  AViNPlELn,R.W.,Oiin'H-i/.K-S(.  Wm-Iis,  Binai«-ilin«i, 
and  1+1  Hivt  .llnvl — Paleutuo  &  Manufiicturer. 

Plain  and  omA-uncntal  cased  and  patent  tubes,  parallel 
and  taper,  tlie  latter  drawn  by  a  [latent  process. 

[These  tnper  tubes  differ  from  all  otliom  in  the  manner 
in  which  they  are  produced,  vii.  by  being  drawn  at  an 
ordinary  draw  bench,  tliiii  peculiarity  arising  from  the 
uec  of  aduciile  metal  tool  thnxigii  which  tlie  soldered  case, 
placed  upon  tlio  mandril  (whether  reeded,  flutiid,  octagon. 
&c.),  is  drawn.  Twisted  or  Bpitnl  tubes  can  bo  produced 
by  Uie  same  method.  This  niethud  was  first  aihipted  by 
Mr.  John  Wanl,  one  of  the  workmen  in  connection  with 
the  works.— W.  C.  A.] 

Wire  and  rolled  nictalrt.  Stnir  nnd  carpet  rod",  bending- 
.■lijis.  and  n-tniis'ls.  Ititb-metal  -.ildtT  nf  voriou"  size«. 
TuWb  of  viu-i.in:<  m.-ful,i.  f-.r  li«.-.mi<.(ivo  and  other  pur- 
piwes.     rirtiire  iiiji.k-.  r.idfl,   and  brnckets.     I'la' 


rle<1  c 


[Tlie  latent  .ipplit-nlion  of  glasiritl 

avea,  nnd  fruit  t<>  KtniujH.'d  limssl 

■ry  difumtion- 


.ifblna 


id  ninre 
-teil  by 
.Mr.  W.  C.  Aitli,!ii.] 

Patent  glass  and  other  iit,im]>il  1ii':ms  ciu-tiiin-baii'Is  nnd 

]Hilo-«nds.       r'oniico-]>n]a  anil   iinliiin   ring-.      Ktnnipod 

linws  window-cnrtiicfx.    l{<~„'iMleri-iI  glum  nii'l  other  lettor- 

luilances.     Prawn  and  fithil  liroMi  l«rs  nurl  mi-nlilingsfbr 

tduhe*  and  sIio|)-fr> aits.  llniMnnnie.  door,  and  hIhII  Ihwi) 

plates._     Varinur"  H)Ht'imenH  irf'   iKiti-nt  and    registervd 

lutallie  liedstenilii,  luid  criln,  or  <'hildnii*s  cots. 

Two  omainentid r..t« ftir cUhlnii  in  brass.    In  the  one, 

he  figure  of  n  giinrdiaii  nngi'l  at  tbn  hisul  su)ii>i>i-ts  the 

iirtain.   In  the  ntlier,  tin- style  «f  which  is  Iiim  vIiilHirate 

lid  more  ■iliiplf.  the  ciii'lain  linup*  from  a  wmil.    Tliese 

IV  liirth  shown  in  theaccomiKUiyingcuhiured  lithi^nvph. 

[AiniiiijT  nthrr  imiirovcnmils,  iiitriHliKiil  inin  tlw!  nia- 

ufaeturi'  r>f  nu.taDic  lH'd,>t.'arls,  is  llie  .<r,ntinii"iis  pillnr. 

lerly  it  wni  minl.>  in  (wu  ],U->v^,  nnd  j-iulfd  n 


.lid  1.... 


by  this  .-. 


Irmi  FivTii-h  Isil'ti-ad.  nitli  iiiii" 
tnlly  j.i|«tiiu'd.  with  Ii 
n  Fn'U^'h.  JB]hiiiiic<i.     >>.rtii's  of  j-iltiir 


in*.  llniHi  nrmclisir,  ihimIi'  |Hirtali 
niltiu'u.  Dram  lslil>,s  with  nuiri'li- 
•H,l.  l^itcnt  ami  niH^ti-rvil  L'Ss-biim 
[The  niii>Ut'ntioiis  of  a  {H-rfunittil  i 
nirtiiin  of  argnnd  linnii'r-"  oiit  of  si 
le  U:w  .,f  enam.'ll.'d  gl.vs  lu.  a  nllectt 


Iliiti-I 


lubn  H.i 


Class  22.— OENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  tu  27  ;  O.  9.  &  P.  ; 


TO  2ft. 


Bronmd  cas  cliiuidelier  with  pai-iiui  flgurea. 

Artjstic  brouied  bracket,  for  gas,  with  parinn  figure 
kjid  flowers. 

Oaa  chandelier  of  the  Btylo  of  PrancLfl  1.,  with  parian 
Sgurea  (suspended  from  rm  onuuuenliJ  brackot). 

Bronzed  gaa  diandelier  in  the  Elizabethan  atjle,  with 
farnamental  enamelled  ahadea.  Thene  chandeliare  are 
Irepreseuted  reHpectivcly  in  the  coloured  Uthographa 
Vhich  aceoinpuiy  thin  pago. 

Qas  ehandulior  witli  birds  and  figures.  These  articlea 
Km  reKJntered.  OmomeatAl  hall  lunp  with  etched  glaae 
(after  the  antique). 

[Bthsb  cnatinga  are  prodaced  in  smd  by  meana  of 
pottenu.  The  Timi?"g  of  these  patterns,  or  luodeU,  is  a 
Work  involving  no  email  amount  of  skiU  and  knonledge; 
the  simpler  Idnda  an  made  b;  the  ordinary  workmen ; 
but  in  cases  where  figures,  foliage,  or  animala  are  intro- 
duced, the  eye  and  the  hand  of  the  artiat  become  necee- 
baiy.  The  object  is  firvt  designed,  then  modelled  in  WKx; 
ft  cast  in  lend  is  formed,  it  lb  then  cast  in  brasa  and 
chased :  this  forma  the  pattern,  or  model,  for  the  caster. 

Ordinary  globular  or  simple  fonua  are  rotdily  copied ; 
but  when  the  human  figure,  animnla,  or  foliage  is  iutro- 
dooed,  the  difSoulty  is  increased.  The  castings  can  only 
be  effected  by  means  of  {Use  coreing,  viz.,  hanging 
jiieCfiB  of  Band,  which  arc  made  up  and  lifted  out  in  solid 
portiODs  before  the  mode!  can  be  removed,  and  which 
thereafterare  Bgun  introduced.  An  ordinary  plaster  cast, 
nith  the  seams  Upon  it,  if  ciamincd,  will  best  oxplnin  the 
tneaning  of  every  square  or  compartment  marked  thereon, 
Knd  shows  when  a  core  has  been  in  a  metal  casting.  To 
pot  tbe  sand  in  a  condition  to  produce  a  finer  impreesion, 
powdered  charcoal  is  dusted  upon  it,  the  cores  being 
introduced,  the  moulds  closed  having  been  previously 
dried,  and  runners  made  for  the  introduction  of  the 
metal  (which  is  usu^ly  melted  in  earthen  or  clay  crucibles, 
knd  in  an  air  furnace,  the  fuel  used  being  coke),  follow, 
•nd  complete  tbe  operation.— W.  C.  A.] 

Table-stands  for  gaA,  mtited  for  fiexible  tubes  with 
figures,  emblematic  of  the  arts,  science,  and  industry. 

Moveable  gaa-atonda,  with  [larian  figures  and  Bowen. 

Bronze  candelnbrum;  the  blue  contnina  ntedallioun 
emblematic  of  poetry,  philosophy,  and  muKic,  and  is  aur- 
tnounted  by  figures  of  Art,  Science,  and  Industry. 

A  four-post  brass  bedstead  clothed  in  green  silk,  the 
tnetol  woiic  in  the  renaisBiince  style,  with  figures,  fohage, 
And  scroll-work  introduced. 


374      GoaroN,  ObObce,  Birming/iam — Ini'entor 
ManufacturBr. 
Drawing-room  grate,  with  plate-glass  front  and 

ornaments.      Steel-fender,   with    or-molu    orn 

Dining-room  grate.    Onuunentsl  cast-iron  fender,  steel 
tuouldiugs  and  support  i  with  fire  ironl.  Registered  designs. 


378      Keeh,  G.  J., 


O  Cravfard  SIrart,  Murylcbone— 


379  Ahdbbwm,  H.  p.,  2  Xorlh  SirertMivt,  Tottnhnm 
Court  itiKid — Inventor,  Mftnufscturer,  S;  Proprietor. 

An  emigrant's  stove  and  general  cooking  apparatus. 
Meat  screen  and  reflector;  the  reflector  may  also  be  used 
for  browning  pastry  and  other  artJcles. 

380  OoDDARD,  Hkkrt,  Natliiujiiam — Manufacturer. 
Patent  domestic  cooking  apparatus.      Its  object   is  a 

gre«it  amount  and  variety  of  uses  at  one  time  with  a 
■mall  fire:  the  hotplate  is  formed  by  die  entire  top  of 
the  apparatus. 


381       Wakefield,  FftAMCis,  Shermod  Inm-Worla, 
JU-m,'fielJ — Designer  and  Hanufaotorer. 
The  Great  Western  cooking  apparatus- 
Sherwood  range ;  having  a  common  oven,  an  Dpper  ono 

fur  baking  pastry,  &c.,  and  a  steam  cleeet,  for  preparing 

nuKt,  v^^etables,  fto.     This  tangs  is  ^own  in  tiui  cut. 

which  is  a  ftont  elevmtion  of  it,  and  represents  the  vaiious 

ovens,  closets,  &o.,  attached  to  it. 


WtlLeflaU'i  9ieiin»<]  Buf*. 

Artizan's  solf-acting  cooking  stove;  designed  for  t}u> 
dwellings  of  the  working-claama. 

Bright  register  store  grate,  with  steel  and  or-molu 
mountings.  It  contiuns  a  new  method  of  distributing 
lient  equally  throughout  the  room. 

Specimen  of  wrought-iron  palisading  and  coping. 

Iron  casting  of  antique  brouse  statuette  of  Bacchus. 

382  Love,  Jamq,  SO  St.  Andntft  Sjuart,  Olaigoa— 

Inventor. 

Oas  apparatus  for  heating,  cooking,  and  lifting  hotels 
and  taverns,  which  generates  gas  vrithont  interferenoa 
with  the  cooking  or  heating;  aduitad  for  the  oolotiies,  or 
cold  countries. 

Machine,  or  boiler,  for  generating  steam  and  gas  in  the 
same  apparattia;  it  is  of  a  circular  shape,  and  has  only  ■ 
small  fm-nsce:  adapted  for  country  works  that  requirs 
gas-light  and  steam. 

New  roomgratjt,  constructed  to  save  fuel,  obviala 
Bmoke,  and  prevent  the  loss  of  beat.  It  imparts  a  large 
proportion  of  its  heat  to  tbe  air  in  passing  into  the  room, 
and  the  flues  are  constructed  to  prevent  taking  fire. 

Machine  for  generating  gas,  and  lUumioating  locomo- 
tive engineR  and  carrisges. 

Qos  machine,  adapted  for  lighthouses  of  every  dencnp- 
tion,  which  requires  no  oil  or  gresae,  and  from  its  simple 
construction,  can  be  fitted  into  any  place  where  cooking 
is  required.  

383  Pbtqisok,  T.,  IVol^r  .^om— Inventor. 
An  economical  stove. 


384  Tates,  Hatwoop,  &  Co.,  EgngSamWorit,  BatAer- 
ham,  TurlaMte,  and  200  ITigier  Thama  Strret— 
Manufacturers. 

Specimen  of  drawing-room  iron  register  stove  gr>te  and 
fender  to  match,  in  or-molu  and  burnished  steel,  com- 
bining the  appliances  of  science  to  s  modem  English  grata, 
and  uniting  some  novelties  with  the  palatial  ^laracter  uf 
themiddleogea;  with mnntelpieoe executed  by  Hr.  Hart- 
ley, Westminster  Marble  Works,  London. 

Pier  table  and  flower-]<ot  stand,  in  cast-iron  gilt. 

Dining-room  register  store  grate,  in  polished  black,  with 
burnished  steel  mountings,  complete  with  heHrth.  and 
fender;  vrith  mantelpiece  in  BiTlin  black. 

Parlour,  breakfiiat-room,  and  bed-room  register  stove 
grates,  with  fenders.  Cottage  sham  or  fiill  stove  grate 
with  iron  mantel.     Cottage  elliptic  stove  grate. 

Miniature  model  of  »  drawing-room  grate  and  mantel, 
on  Jeffrey's  patent  pneumatic  prindple. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  Ti 


Wum  all-  ud  uther  rtoTes,  for  public  buildings,  &c. 
Self-acting  eooking  Htorea,  with  mcMlarD  improvomBntB. 
Hall    tablts.     Flower  Btend^.     Uiubrella  atAndn,    ajid 
oUisr  omuuNilal  oastiagB. 

386  SLiTE,  JOKM,  14  Belmont  PInte,  WitndmioHh  Road— 
loveDtor  and  Patantee. 

PaUnt  itova,  for  the  cure  of  smoky  chiQinaj^.  "  Tlio 
■aciuitj  ^punat  the  awoke  retuniiug  into  the  room  ia 
tha  paBige  pUoed  a  little  above  Che  top  part  of  the  front 
of  Ufl  atm,  Mkd  tlw  chimoef-plfite  a  placed  in  a  riHiug 
pcMftlnn  from  tba  fropt  to  the  hack,  aod  whether  the  flue 
Im  Id  Um  Hj^t  or  the  left,  the  ehinine;  vane,  or  emoke 
dirwtar,  majbe  a^l'K^  accordiagl j,  or  left  in  the  csntre, 
■oaa  to  admit  of  a  deaoendiug  and  ascending  current." 

Inraved  amoke  apnader,  mtended  to  ulip  on  a  cement 
or  otSar  pot.  The  nme,  with  additional  pitMi  mode  to 
Ml  b  hri5wi>A. 

,  internally  uronged 


387         EoWiBna,  Fkedhucs,  42  Poland  Strttt— 
Uoaufaoturer. 
Dr.  Anott*a  circular  and  oblong  bronzed  comigated 

_. ._ ■- g  churcbea,    cbapeU.   large  holli 

Iiuildinga,  &c.;  by  the  comigaCi< 
tcve,  the  heating  surface  becomoa  . 
tifjjad  naarlj  three  timea,  and  by  meann  of  the  self- 
KguUting  nlve  the  sdmiwion  of  ur  to  the  Ere  ia  go 
i^ulaMd,  that  it  only  needa  repleniabing  with  Fuel  once 
LilSor  IShoun.  Tlua atove  ia  ahown  by  a  front  elevation 
■ml  plan  In  the  cut.  The  amount  of  heating  surface  in 
|i>rtly  repnaentad  by  the  indented  line  in  tlio  plan. 


"Treiitiae  on  Warming  and  Ventilating."  or  by  hi« 
balanced  valve,  seen  on  tha  stove  non  eihiiiited.  Tb« 
principle  of  the  Brat  ia,  that  the  tbermometer  uaod  i>  of 
a  kind  which  not  only  indicate*  the  heat,  but  narrowa  th# 
posBiige  for  tba  air  that  feeda  the  &re,  whenever  tha  heat 
riaes  at  all  above  the  deeired  degree;  or  widen*  the  paa- 
enee  when  the  heat  falls  below  it.  The  principle  of  th* 
aecond  or  balanced  valve  is,  that  lie  air-eurrout  enter- 
ing towBrda  the  fire  tends  to  cloae  the  valve,  while  a 
weight  on  the  balanced  frame  which  carrisa  the  valv* 
doora,  tends  to  open  it,  and  the  valve  becomea  stationary, 
when  juat  enough  air  enters  to  support  the  wmght.  Th» 
amount  of  weight,  therefore,  used  at  any  time  determine* 
the  rateof  combuBtion.J 

Dr.  Amott'a  chimney  -vrdves,  for  vontiloting  apartment* 
generally;  vnrioriH  fumio  of  IIimp  ventdnting  vulves  ar» 
abon'n  in  the  nnttiii'il  ciil. 


n  an  opening 


[Thia  valve  allowa  froe  pasange  for  air  from  ai 
in  the  wall  ne&r  the  ceiling  of  a  roo 
flue,  but  no  paaaago  in  the  contrary  direction.  With  the 
proper  contraction  of  the  flue  near  the  fire,  it  causae  the 
chinmey  draught  to  remove  the  heated  foul  air,  accumu' 
Utiag  conatantly  in  the  upper  part  of  inhabited  room*, 
from  the  breath  of  inmates,  the  burning  of  lights,  the 
ilour  of  food,  Ike.,  as  certainly  as  the  smoke  of  the  fire. 
The  valve  allows  paaaags  only  in  one  direction,  like 
the  clack  valve  of  a  common  pump.     It  caneisCs   of  a 

^tallic  plate,    very  nearly  counterpoised    by  a  weight 
beyond  the  aiia  of  moljun,  and  turning  on  H  jiharp  edge, 

that  the  alighloat  fonw  can  move  it.] 

Dr,  Arootf  B  aind -guard,  for  preventing  rinivn-draught* 


of  pur 


■nded 


NtnTiJTTON  ft  Son,  4  Plo.inc  S-ja.irr,  Chclifn— 

Inventors  and  Mauufacturrrs. 
ic  church -stove,  with  ventilating  air-chamber,  from 
an  air-flue  is  conducted  to  the  uitemal  air.   thus 
introduce  into  the  building  a  constant  supply 


[Thio  Moie  "hieh  needs  tn  b.-  li^htod  only  once  in  tbi' 
nmr-m.  and  to  bo  auj-plied  with  fuel  only  once,  or  tn-ice 
if  'l«ip(d,  in  twenty-four  hourw,  consumes  its  fuel  oa 
luufnrmly  as  an  hour-glaaa  leta  full  itM  sand,  and  eaa  lie 
adjuiilwl  to  lium  iicnnanently  at  any  wiflheil-for  rate. 
With  much  BavinR  nf  fiu-l  and  very  much  saving  of 
tmuble,  it  inaum  in  any  i-lnce  a  ntcadineaB  of  temjiem- 
Vrar,  which  no  watching  and  service  can  obtain  From 
cuuson  fii«.  It  alao  faeilitalija  perfect  ventilation. 
The  ulnre  of  eomigatnd  fnnn  hoji  much  aurface  and  cur- 
mpnoding  heating  piiwer  wilh  amnll  bulk. 

Tha  uniform  action  of  the  stove  i^  ntaintaiucil  citliur  by 
IT  valve,  described  at  length  in  Dr,  Amott'B 


Uothic  Rtovee,  nith  water  vaae-coven  and  pans,  adapted 
For  wanning  halls,  schools,  green-housea,  &c. 

Portable  bed-room  and  conBcrvatory  stove,  with  vcn- 
tilnting  air-cbiunber  for  admitting  pure  air  from  the 
'erior.  The  interior  of  this  stove  conHista  of  a  i>ortabta 
<-pail,  which  on  being  filled  with  live  fiiel  at  a  kitchen 
■,  may  be  clnseil  iiirtight  and  conveyed  to  the  bed-n 


t  will  bum   twelve 


Bheat, 


without  n 

[Air  heated  by  contact  with  metallic  snrfncca,  raiaed  to 
a  temperature  above  that  of  iKiiling  water, viz.,  'iVi"  Kohr, 
bc-conieB  dry.  boa  its  electrical  condition  altered,  and, 
moreover,  the  dccompoKitiun  nf  the  |iarticluH  nf  aniuinl 
and  vegetable  matter  that  continually  flnat  in  it,  givea  it 
a  fieculiarly  unpleasant  wlour.  Shallow  inns  of  water 
plnce-l  over  the  »tove.  may  keep  the  air  in  it*  imipcr  hygro. 
metric  "tntc.  hut  ita  uther  conditiotiH  are  not  thus  luoin- 

taiacd.-a.  C] 

3H0   CoL-BT,  John,  18  O-n-™  .■*"■-■/,  ( 


d  Maoiifacturur. 
Improvoil  hut-air  Btove,  for  warming  aimrtments, 
churches,  ftc,     TUo  novelty  coiuiala  in  the  pnKl 


(;r,AR8  22.— GENERAL  HABDWABE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


combuBtioD  being  miulo  tn  paw  between  two  earthan 
cylindere,  no  eotirtnicted  as  tn  travoreo  a  liiBtance  of  20 
feet,  by  which  nearly  the  whole  of  tlie  cailorio  ia  ab- 
Wraited  bafora  thoj  enter  the  ohiuiney. 

Hot-air  stove,  heated  by  gaa;  constructod  on  the  saiae 

Jirinciple.  

300  Tozi«,  TboxIS,  55  Dtnn  Sliiet,  SoAo — Inventor  and 
MnuuEicturer. 

Ventilating  pw  bIovb  for  halls,  shops,  ftc.  It  can  be 
Brectad  with  an  aaconding  or  a  deaeonding  pipe,  and  so 
cnnitnictad  aa  to  proveut  any  return  draught  from  eriin- 
guifhing  the  gas. 

The  bachelor's  Uwhen 
adapted  far  stnall  familitw 

Begiatered  cn!orif6re,  (i 
Bs  K  bed-air«r  or  n  foot-wi 


lit.      The  dotted  liueH  show  the  form  of  tfa 
arrangement  of  the  pipea,  puuii>,  &c. 


hnt-wnter  VBsacl; 


:(Pi  NoRi 


«,  GfiOBUK,  3 


;i[l3      FhOST,  Henht,  17  H'llhbnM  I'lm — Inventor 
Hanufacturer. 
Model  kitchen  fire-place  and  cookmg  appanitiis   i 
Intad  to  roAnt,  bake,  &c,,  with  ouu  ■uibU  fire;  and  i 
cable  to  various  other  piuiiosos. 

3(»5      Hewctt,  H.  Brixet,  308  /ft/*  n-l'^nn—lm-t 

Macliino  for  rapidly  cnoling  or  warming  liquids,  and 
wmbiningtho  twoproocasea  in  one  vcnscl.  Of  domeatic 
importanco,  in  its  capability  of  preson-ing  milk,  creani, 
Ji;c.,  from  turning  aour. 

30(5      Kent,  John.  8  i:iii-ih,l>.  Slnvl  S™M,  Pin^Ua— 
Inventor,  Designer,  and  Manufacturer. 
Improved  vegetable  cullender. 
New  potatti  fltenuier. 

n07      Price,  Vincent,  33  Wnnliinr.'^'lreel,  Sofu) — 
Inventor,  Deaigner,  and  Manufacturer. 

New  patent  washing-machine.  Snot  and  hoib  chopping- 
machino. 

Ventilator ;  consisting  of  a  perforated  metal  tube,  t 
pljiGcd  above  the  window  or  door. 

Patent  pen^cleaner.  Letter-copying  machine,  A  lire- 
sliovel  with  a  double  bottom,  I'ateut  fork- cleaning 
mAclune.     New  patent  invented  knifu  cleaner. 

Portable  stove  for  heating  flat  irons,  coiutisting  of  n 
out-iron  boi,  with  a  sloping  front  and  nidex,  a  c;mtin|!  at 
the  bottom  to  admit  of  draught,  and  an  opening  at  tlic 
back  to  lot  out  tlie  amoke.  The  irons  roat  on  a  bar  roimd 
the  bottom  of  the  atove,  and  the  fuel  ia  put  in  through 
a  small  door  at  the  top. 

Newly -invented  patent  condle-iinufrers.  consisting  of 
a  cylinder  in  two  parts ;  the  front  part  in  filed,  and  tlie 
Kivk  part  is  drawn  back  with  the  (ore-finger;  when  tliis 
IH  released  the  two  halves  arc  drawn  together  by  a  spring, 
and  the  operation  ia  performed. 


An  ornamental  ten-iin 
This  is  reproiented  in  the 

A  copper  cnal  acnttle  of  neH 
ift  also  sliowa  in  the  cut.    F^-  2. 


rsoo 


T  lllll — Jlanufncturers. 


iment*  in  the 

Improved  cocks  for  steam,  hot  and  cold  water, 
Litt  and  force  putnp  ;   with  highly  finished  barrel, 
mounted  on  acast-irou  ftandard. 

Copper  bath,  enamelled  to  the  appearance  of  whito 
marble,  in  a  mahogany  frame,  with  cocks,  for  hot,  cold, 
and  waste  water,  and  fitted  with  a  copper  shower-bath, 
and  pump  for  the  supply  of  nirm  or  cold  showers.  Thi« 
Inth  with  a  small  atove  for  heating  i^  >*  represented  ir 


1  llicir 

Copper  tea-kettlas  of  various  patterns,  with  glass  handlM 
nd  other  improvemeiita  by  the  eihibitors. 

Set  of  standard  imperial  weights  and  meuures, 

Bath  appnratui,  complete,  with  pipes,  cocks,  audboilor 
mitod  in  one  frame,  which  mquirea  no  fixing, 

Seri«  of  tsa-ums,  containing  specimens  of  the  dillenint 
mprovaments  from  1T>*0  till  the  present  time. 

Seriee  of  vaan,  beaten  ont  of  the  flat  piaoes  of  onppar. 


without  uj  joint  or  bnxing.  Tbe  ohiuiga  ot  tonii  which 
Bach  VHD  uuderijuai  in  imuiiifacture,  is  ahowa  by 
apocimetu  of  the  vacoi  ut  diS'tirout  Bt(i(^. 

402     WiMBN,  Geoboe,  Ut  iMirer  M,u-l!,-t  Slml,  WmUicA 

— Bianufccturer. 

Model  of  n^ioter  atove.     Model  of  thennometsr  stovu. 


403  AuwaTOH  &  Shhkwbburt,  //ib(ui;/s— 

Dengnen  uid  Haaufoiiturerf.  i 

Hot4ir  riore,  with  opso  fire  ;  the  iron  made  from  ore 
obtainBd  and  msltod  iu  Suaaex. 

Tlw  Mitoke  U  made  to  pam  towirda  the  front,  retumint; 
into  Ota  flue  at  tbe  biwk,  aJter  tpreadiug  itwlf  over  tlie 
vhole  of  the  top  ;  great  additiuiiol  heat  is  deiived  fruni 
>  Iv^  tadiating  aurlius.  By  a  simple  coutrimnce.  et- 
twiTind  to  the  fooder,  the  consumption  of  fuel  ib  regulated 
bj  tfas  nippl;  of  wr  to  the  bottom  of  the  stove. 

404  *F""^i  Jonn  &  Wilmam,  SI.  Agiies,  Cornwall 

— InveDtor*  oud  Hanu&0turen. 

CocAiug  a[^iar«tuie,  deaigruMl  to  save  fuel. 
40J  Owt,  jAMa,  &  Son.  8J  GcvTT/e  Street,  Edmbiir.j!^ 
InTenton  and  HnnufiuiturerB. 

A  new  tadiatiiig  aud  reflecting  Btoio  gnito,  with  flue 
IMiuig  up  tbe  back  of  tlie  eoncnve  front,  and  tbua  tnuis 
mittiiig  a  large  amouut  of  hint  into  tbe  Bputiuout.  Thi' 
jireTBOtion  of  amoke  in  effocted  by  cnuning  nearly  all  tbe 
air  which  enten  tbe  chiuiaey  to  yam  over  the  Qre,  and 
only  a  ■mall  quaatity.  abaofutely  required  for  eombus- 
tioD,  to  fiat  tluough  tbe  fire.  Command  over  tbe  coia- 
buvtioa  of  the  (tore  ia  obtained  by  regulating  tbe  ailuiiii' 
■ion  of  the  air  which  pameii  through  the  Are. 

The  aoDSied  engniTiiig  nprueeuta  tliis  stove  grate  with 
iti>  cuiKBT*  front,  &e. 


'Ii  the  k.iy  i- 
...1   t),0  U|.,-, 


A  d"ul,l«-a.- 
Tibble  ititb  tw.>  b!t«,  rniu  iif  which  acCx  i 
I.TrT"  Hn<l  duwugnKiii  tlio  upjior  luck,  wl 
inntant  the  utber  hit  ocIh  iipiiii  the  under  luvcr  lunl  < 
vuKai^e*  tae  under  lock.  Tlie  Hucurity  i^  rftiU  furll 
incnsikiil  bj  the  imiwaidbility  of  ojiciiiiig  the  ouu  li 
witlvjut  thH  utbcr. 


Afir,     HrSHAU  ft  IlMlWN.  /.' 

fac-tiinn.  AKeut''.TooTAi.ft  Ilmiw 
Inipnivol  cnnking-iitovig,  f-  fcut  loiiir 
-  ■    -        '  -       'i  tbu 


IDV™ 


«itb  « 


lid  tor  buutiug  til 
<i»t  )ilal«  •m  I'itfacr  Kide. 

Iniprovol  i-i.king-Kt.ivo.  with  n  Innj;  rfntntinR  fire  ill i 
<'tLrr  advautnKV:  the  nui'tiiuc  nmy  be  utfcctwl  in  tli 
oven  or  Wfure  the  Hni.      With   iiruviiioniLlly  rugiaturc 

Kuiifiirant'ii  or  cottitge  tttrra,  suitable  for  wood  or  ei>;i 
with  hiit-|>Uta  luid  ovpu. 

[Tbe  ciwking  np]nnitin  iinahiciil  by  tbn  oiliiliRm 
baa  a  ovw  iuUnul  fluf  tii  tlic  nvun,  which  is  i-<iiii]ili-l 
witliuut  fliliipi  aud  give4  heat  to  the  uvcii  fruiii  n 


ita  Bides ;  whereiu,  on  the  ubuo]  plan,  ouly  ouu  side  haat* 
the  oven.  Tbia  uppajstna  can  be  used  an  a  cloae  store, 
iind.  by  nicana  of  a  windiuK  cheek,  can  be  contracted  sO 
ns  to  suit  the  sitiallest  effectivo  quantity  of  fuel.  Bf 
means  of  h  front  ventilator,  and  a  pips  at  the  back,  th« 
peculiar  fllivour  of  oven-bnked  meat  la  removed.  The  hot 
plate  over  the  oven  is  adapted  for  the  purpoaes  of  stewing 
uid  ironing,  being  kept  so  hot  by  tbe  peculiar  cunatruD- 
tioQ  of  the  Sue.  The  apporatua  can  be  mode  to  bake, 
boil,  atcw,  Bteam,  and  roast  at  the  satue  time,  and  in 
large  quantities,  if  naccHsary.  It  can  oUo  be  mode  to  oot 
in  every  respect  tike  nji  uiien  kitchen- nuige,  and  eflecta  * 
vaat  saving  in  fuel.] 

407         Kina.  S.,  1  Swith  Hn-js,  flufA— Inventor. 

Kegiatured  ventilation  and  Hiuoke-conauming  register 
Btove  grate. 

Miiilel  of  the  gmte,  with  tbe  exhibitur'a  octangular 
wedge  bricka,  iibiiwiug  uuu  continuoUB  amoke'vent  from 
tbe  fire  to  top  of  cbimiiuv-sbaft. 

Octangular  weil^  bricka,  for  forming  circular  smoke' 
flues,  water  and  air-draiua. 

40a    McShebrt,  MiniAEi^  ^  Juma  Street,  Llmtriek, 

Tin  model  of  a  re^stered  stove,  mwle  of  metal  and 
boi-plato  iniu.  for  heating  conBer\'atorie8,  hothomoB,  aud 
public  or  other  buildings. 
409 


410  Kedoate,  John,  Xittrngham — Manufacturer. 

Hegiater  stove  gmtea,  nith  registered  fire-brick  bocks. 

411  RiGBY,  PeTEB,  liiT  Grure  St.,  Lltcrponl — Inventor. 
PDrtable  eiwifcing-atfive,  for  cooking  with  gaa  generated 

i.ui  boated  spirita.     Tbis  stove  ia  aboi™  in  tbe  cut. 


A.  th.<  l»m|.  for  h 


644 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


rUviTED 


Emigrant's  kitchen,  connected  with  the  stove,  and  con- 
taining frying-pan,  stewpan,  kettle,  plates,  and  dishes,  &c. 

412  TiPPEN,  John,  Chichester — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Model  of  a  new  bedstead,  constructed  so  that  an  invalid 
can  be  raised  to  any  required  position. 

Model  of  an  improved  kitchen  range,  with  two  boilers 
and  tape,  oven,  steam  closet,  and  hot  plate,  swing  vane 
and  shifting  hooks,  smoke-jack  with  chains,  cradle  and 
bird  spits,  draw  fret,  fender  with  slide  top,  ash  grate,  &c. 

413  Wallace,  John,  &  Son,  Leith — Inventors. 
Model  of  a  patent  safety  cooking  apparatus  for  ships, 

by  assistance  of  which  many  dishes  may  be  prepared  at 
the  same  time,  and  at  a  small  expense  for  fuel. 

Model  of  improved  ventilator  for  warm  climates,  con- 
structed to  admit  air,  and  prevent  the  entrance  of 
insects,  &c.  

414  Stocken,  — ,  Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  metal  castings. 


416   Masset,  W.,  &  Co.,  58  Baker  Street,  and  5  King 
Street,  Portman  Square — ^Manufacturers. 
Stands  for  flowers,  of  different  sizes,  made  of  brass 
tubing,  by  hand. 

418    M'Kenzie,  Alexander,  38  De  Beauooir  Square, 

Kimjsland — ^Manu£acturer. 

Model  of  condensing  engine,  scale  ^  inch  to  one  foot; 
exhibiting  the  foUowmg  peculiarities  : — Placing  coffer 
valves  under  cylinder;  supplying  cistern  from  the  bottom 
by  a  force-pump;  lever  for  reversing  motion,  &c. ;  giving 
motion  to  throttle  valve. 

Instrument  for  registering  motion  of  all  kinds,  consist- 
ing of  four  concentric  wheels.  It  may  be  made  sus- 
ceptible of  small  vibrations,  in  conjunction  with  a  clock. 
It  is  to  register  the  variations  of  speed,  &c.,  applicable  to 
paddle-wheels,  locomotives,  printing  presses,  gun-car- 
riages, &c.  

421  Haslam,  William,  St.  Helenas,  Derby — ^Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  iron  church-door  hinges,  with  branches  of 
■croll-work,  after  the  early  English  style. 

422  Bott  &  Allen,  Manchester — Manufacturers. 

Fenton's  patent  anti-friction  metal,  in  ingot ;  a  substi- 
tute for  brass  for  the  bearings  of  machinery,  &c. 

The  same  in  casting  for  nulway  carriage  axle  bearings, 
imused ;  and  that  has  been  in  work  upon  a  railway,  having 
run  a  considerable  distance. 

The  same  metal  for  machinery  bearings ;  and  applied 
to  union  joints  for  plumbers'  work;  to  steam-engine 
valves;  to  ship  nails  and  fastenings;  to  ship  blocks,  or 
pulleys,  &c. 

Dickenson  and  Falkous's  patent  equitable  gas-meter. 

424     Paddom  h  Fobd,  Brownhw  Mews,  Qratfs  Inn 

JRoad — ^Manufacturers. 
Patent  wet  gas-meter. 

426    Botten,  Charles,  Crawford  Passage,  Clerkcnwell — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Patent  protector  gas-meter,  for  preventing  fire-damp, 
and  persons  from  drawing  off  the  water,  so  as  to  cause 
an  incorrect  registration. 

430  Sparks,  John,  12  King  Street,  Tmcer  -fiTi/^Inventor. 
Box  for  the  secure  transit  of  cash  on  railways. 
Hinge  for  closing  lobby  doors.     Vulcanized  rubber  is 

used  in  place  of  a  steel  spring,  and  it  can  be  a^just^ 
BO  as  to  suit  any  door. 

431  Grant,  Donald,  L\Uon  Place,  Greenwich — Inventor. 
Patent  gas-li^ht,  perfectly  ventilated;  the  conveyance 

of  the  heated  air  may  be  canied  on  through  wood-work, 


with  the  absence  of  any  danger  €i  ignition,  within  a  dis- 
tance of  one  inch  from  any  combustible 


[If  a  room,  12  feet  square  and  12  feet  high,  with  the 
doors,  windows,  and  fire-place  closed,  has  a  gas  lamp 
burning  in  it,  consuming  5  cubic  feet  of  gas  per  hour,  the 
light  will  produce  sufficient  carbonic  add,  in  rather  more 
than  three  hours,  to  be  in  the  proportion  of  1  part  to  100 
of  air,  and  when  in  such  condition  the  air  is  decidedly 
injurious  to  health.  The  removal  of  the  products  of 
combustion,  therefore,  at  once  into  the  external  air« 
should  always  be  provided  for.  The  idea  of  ventilating 
gas-burners  originated  with  Professor  Faraday. — S.  C] 

Stove,  heated  by  gas,  for  baking  bread  and  oooking 
provisions,  by  roasting,  boiling,  or  broiling. 

Stove  that  may  be  heated  by  either  gas  or  ooal.  Thid 
stove  gives  out  Doth  radiated  heat  and  hot  air,  kept  in 
constant  circulation;  a  supply  of  air  from  the  external 
atmosphere  also  serves  to  support  and  assist  combustion, 
and  to  prevent  the  temperature  of  the  apartment  becoming 
too  high  for  the  purpose  of  a  healthy  respiration. 

Small  model  of  improvements  in  the  form  and  mate- 
rial of  fire-flues,  calculated  to  remove  danger  by  the 
ignition  of  soot  and  the  waste  of  heat. 

432  Haldane  &  Bae,  George  Street,  Edinburgh — 
Designers  and  ICanufacturers. 
Qaa  lustre  suspended  from  entwined  branches,  which 
are  supported  by  two  rustic  pillars;  a  variety  of  gas 
branches  being  fixed  on  the  pillars.  Below,  there  is  a 
wash-hand  basin,  and  models  of  patent  water-closets; 
also  registered  spiral  taps  for  different  purposes;  vases 
for  gas,  suitable  for  mantelpieces,  staircases,  &c. 


433  Rickets,  Charles,  5  Agar  Street,  Stnmd—JnYtotor 

and  Manufacturer. 

Qas-cooking  range,  with  roaster,  oven,  stewing-etove, 
&c.  Apparatus  for  stewing,  \jj  means  of  jets  of  coal-gas 
mixed  with  atmoroheric  air;  for  heating  laundry  irons, 
hatters'  or  tailors'  irons,  and  bookbind^ir  tools. 

Calorific  ^  stove,  for  wanning  halls,  shops,  churches, 
conservatories,  &c. 

Apparatus  for  broiling  chops,  steaks,  fto.,  with  jets  of 
gas ;  for  toasting  bread,  boiling  water,  Ac.,  with  gas  and 
air;  for  heating  chemists'  spatula,  maoentiiig,  and  for 
sand-baths;  and  lighting  stove  fires  by  means  of  gas. 


434        Cochrane,  J.,  Greenside  Law,  Edmbmyh-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Qas-meter,  10  inches  diameter. 


435        SiEBE,  Auoufrrus,  Denmark  Street,  Soko, 

Patent  rotatory  universal  syringe,  to  keep  up  a  con- 
tinual flow  of  water. 


436  Ryan,  J.,  13  Stafford  Street,  i)ti6/m— Inventor 

and  ManufjBcturer. 
Transparent  gas-meter. 

437  Roper,  Joseph,  Wigan,  Lancashire — 

Manufacturer. 
Transparent  gas-meter,  which  roisters  the  consumption 
of  gas  to  the  hundredth  part  of  a  foot. 

438  Biddell,  George  Arthur,  22  Montpelier  Square, 

Knightsbridge — Inventor  and  Patentee. 
Patent  self -regulating  gas-burners,  made  for  horixontal 
and  vertical  attachments.  Complete  section  showing 
their  construction.  These  burners  regulate  themselves 
to  all  variations  of  pressure,  preventing  the  flame  rising 
above  or  falling  below  any  height  to  which  they  may  be 
adjusted. 

[When  the  valve  at  the  gas-works  regulating  the  supply 
to  the  initial  main  is  partially  closed,  the  flames  \i  all 
the  burners  fall,  and  when  a  number  of  bumen  are  turned 


KlXODQM.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  OliATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27  i  O.  9,  &  P.  3  ■ 


oB,  thow  which  Mill  reiuuD  lighted  riMi,  uoleaa  in  mah 
CBaa  tha  atop-coofca  ba  nltersd,  or  loiae  coDtrivuice  used 
which  will  en«ure  k  nguUr  height  of  the  flame  by  self- 
actioD.  PralMkblj  the  beit  meuu  of  efl'ecting  thie  ia  by 
oaiiig  ■  "governor"  on  the  Mrvice  between  the  mail 
tha  baiMia.— S.  C] 


FMant  dry  gai-met«r,  for  ■■ 


certaiuing  the  quantitjof 
on  or  other  purpoafle. 
Doitftf  of  thia  matar  oouaiBti  in  the  applicstion  of  . ._ 
tiol  dn^iht^lni,  ribnting  on  vertical  Bbafta;  the  use  of 
comoal  aeat  ■emi-rotating  valve,  and  the  application  of  a 
juiiiiliii  ih^iBd  aeraw  and  worm  wheel,  by  the  030  ol 
wUdi  fft  may  be  paaed  either  way  through  the  meter, 
withoBt  aflbotlt^  the  regiitration  oAhe  index. 

Tba  adj«u>iDg  c»^  P^**  '  repreeeDtstion  of  this  meter, 
ahowing  tlis  iotarior  of  the  apparatiu. 


[The  water-meter,  inventwl  by  Mr.  Clogg  in  1815,  de- 
l-?nd*d  for  itn  accuracy  tipiin  the  water  line  rcioaiuiiij; 
o  inotantly  at  the  name  level,  which  evaporation  prevunti'd, 
Iiry  luetan  an)  intendeil  to  obviate  thin  dcfeut,  iiuil  con- 
■■i^t  of  moving  diaplirsguui,  worked  by  tbi?  hha  iHuuin^ 
fpim  one  aide  to  the  oliier,  each  vibmtion  recording  on 
a  dial  the  quantity  of  ffui  that  hiw  jnuued. 

The  peculiaritiee  of  each  kind  i>f  dry  meter  coni-iKt 
chiefly  in  the  different  ftrrBngeiiienta,  and  the  number  uf 
the  •liagihnigmi  and  vnlvcit. — H.  C.J 


4.i'J  L(Kx^mT&  3tepiif.s«on, 

HoniiFxctu 

Six-light  chandelier  fur  pin. 


441  Edge,  Tsoaa*,  ' 


Bsigno 


Patent  wet  i;a»nn-(or,  with  iniproml  lever-valve  aiii 
flnat.  index,  and  n-ante-water  h"i.  S<']>--uiite  index  nni 
Uver-ialve,  with  Boat  to  ahov  their  action  uiore  clearly. 


442    TocNO,  W.,  18&  33  Qvtm  Slrtet,  CItaapiide— 
laveDtoraod  Hanufacturer, 

Vesta  lampa,  on  tripod  pedestal;  and  on  pillar,  Veila 
reading  and  night  lunpa.  Veata  hmterti.  Theae  latnpa 
are  conatmcted  to  bum  rectified  turpentine. 

Bphit  cases,  with  air-tight  atopper. 

VeBla  gaa-bumara,  conatruoted  to  bum  with  internal 
deflectora.  ^ 

'<  Lt  Grand- 


US     SmODB,  WlLLUM,  16  SI.  Xurtin' 
Manufacturer. 

Oaa  cooking-range  for  boiling,  baking,  roasting,  and 
broiling,  on  Uie  plan  of  Alfred  King,  Esq.,  C.E.,  of 
Liverpool. 

This  cookJng-rauge  la  shown  id  the  adjoining  cut,  by  a 
front  elevation,  with  itH  cloaeti,  ventilators,  &c. 


D 


D 


D, 


.D 


Qua  Htove,  lieing  a  hot-air  stoi-e  heatad  by  gas.     Itrnnra 
ilabrn  f.>r  gw.   deHiKned  by  P.  V.  llardwick.   F>.|. 
iiade  of  Hhoet  cop^Hjr — a  model  fur  part  of  a 


Hull, 


lie  liruueli  or  gi 

UiddlcH Helf- igniting K'>"'biimRr.  by  which  tlic hyilr'igen 
lit;lit  in  nilapt«<l  to  the  pur^Hixe  of  liubtiiig  cMiiiiiii>n  ci»]- 
gSA.     Itailwuy  signal  lamp,  with  pnrali'ilic  redei-tor. 

]..owt>'s  patent  naphthalixcr  for  charging  gnu  with  the 
vapour  of  naphtlia. 

[Cual-t.-w,  chargett  with  the  vap>ur  uf  nnphtlin,  has  itii 
illuiiiiiintini,'  iKiwer  nearly  do,ible<l,  in  cni^npieTu-e  .■(  the 


Clam  22.— GENEBAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  26  TO  27;  O.  9,  &  P.  8  to  29. 


cleuiliness,  uid  its  economy,  are  advmtagea  of  too  great 
iinporfauico  to  be  overlooked.  At  tha  propw  moment  for 
the  cooking,  the  gaa  fire  is  lighted,  uid  the  required 
degree  of  heat  obtuned  at  once,  uid  maJntatDad  uni- 
fotmly:  when  the  cooking  ii  done,  the  fire  !■  turned  out 
imtaiitl;.  The  tuanber  of  finia  or  gem  fluuee  an  alwi  be 
inoreMed  or  diminished  at  pleiaure  to  suit  the  require- 
ments of  the  oaae.— 3.  C] 

444  PiBASAT,  James,  &  Son,  1 14  Wardmir  Street— 
Muiufacturen. 
Oaa  chandelier,  upon  Frofeaior  Faraday's  ventilAting 
principle,  bj  wMdi  the  carbonic-acid  gas,  soot,  moisture, 
and  other  noiiouB  products,  are  earned  off  by  the  de- 
scending drsiUght.  The  lights  are  enclosed  ingiaas  chim- 
neys, coTcred  with  plates  of  mica,  and  the  burnt  air 
passes  through  tubes  along  each  arm  to  the  body  of  the 
chandelier,  and  thence  up  the  centre  shaft,  to  be  dis- 
charged into  the  open  sir,  or  an  adjoining  flue. 

445 


DtEuriBt,  Hemr,  10  &  II  Creed  Lane— 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Concentrating  gas-lamp ;    for  externally  illuminating 
sbopxindowB,  on  tlie  parabolic 


446  Clask,  R.,  a  Re»eu,  T.,  447  Strand— Deagaen 
and  Inventors. 

Vanous  lamps  and  gBS.bumera. 

New  looks. 

Railway  passengers'  communication. 

A  model  of  a  new  principle  in  clockwork :  gravitatiiig 
without  peudulum. 

The  accompanying  cuts  represent  the  various  lamps 
ndapted  for  use  m  hot  climates,  snd  for  other  purposes. 
These  lamps,  except  where  named,  are  intended  to  bum 
«oco»-nut,  oUts,  and  oUier  oils. 


a^k-i  Pairi  Hufliig  Lup. 


CUrk'i  Pu«nt  Dlunend  Talilt  Luap. 


INCLtTDINO  LOCKS  AND  ORATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  20. 


ItvVt  Ptttat  RalHdr  for  Ou  Lif ht*. 


OmVi  iBpnmd 


nsill— 


447         Pauiei  4  Co.,  S-it/w  sir,- 

Man  ufoct  u  nrn^ . 

I  jiufH,  to  bum  miigiiuui  cauJLurt.  lUlU  diMi^od  to  ^v 
tLr  ligLit  of  irguid  lBiji)ifl. 

iMiayt,  to  bum  uiJil-'^La-*  cniiJlca,  ihnd  (IcA^gnod  to  giv 
llic  li(fnt  of  four  nioulJ-cainllor<. 

WotUuT-luDpH,  tubumcuuilltH;  furwuohouiMM,  Btablo:! 
inrl  uut-ltuilduigii. 


I'<t«Dt  wlf-genenitini;  gwi  Utuiw  for  outiloor  iinei' 
[■unjioalbciiunt  prinGi|iIv.  foriii'linii'  [nirpoACn.  I\itcui 
•i/na)  light*,  ke.,  wd  inntruiucnt  for  ligbtuig  thn  Um{)« 


Sulpbate,  iDuriatfl,  carbolute,  and  liquor  of  ammonia, 
DBphuu,  sic.,  extrscted  from  the  unmoniaoJ  liquor  and 
tor,  producad  by  the  dutillaUon  of  coal.  The  naphtha  is 
for  the  use  of  laimw;  the  ammoiuBcal  liquor  ia  uaecl  in  tha 
West  Riding  nf  York  for  scouriDg  woollen  yama,  dyeing, 
&c. ;  Uie  sulphate  of  ammonia  for  alum,  manure,  &e. ; 
and  the  muriato  of  ammonia,  carbonate  of  ammonia,  kc, 
for  other  purpose!. 


449     Rbttib,  H.,  k  Sons,  Aberdeen — Manufacturers. 
Patent  diatreas  Bigoal-lamps,  for  steamers  and  sailing 


—Inventor 


rod 


450     l!oLO*TB,  Jamrs,  6  Art/i'ir  I 

nnd  part  Duaignur. 

Ittgifltcrod  impruvud  lumd-Bignnl  lamp,  to  ulim 
i,Ti;i;n,  nnd  wliito  liglits.  Another,  »itb  tbc  grewi  lU 
l^lussea  revolving  iutidu  tliu  cnae. 

Tiul-end  sif^U  Iniiip,  fur  mjlwayti,  uitli  lirouzv  lieiul, 
iuid  regiirttrtil  cliina  rflk-clur. 

Kegiattrwi  buffer  lamp  for  engines,  showing  a  wliito 
light.  A  red  ula**  rcvulviw  in  tlio  interior,  to  convert  it 
into  n  iL-mger  signal  wlii^n  miiiircd.   Patviit  glaiM  rulli'i"t<ir. 

Buffer  lamp,  with  pa™l)oIic  reflector. 

Gauge  lamp  fur  eiiuincK,  conHtructed  to  answer  alau  aa 
a  danfrei"  baud  signal  laui])  for  engine-drivers. 

I'atU'riis  of  liandh's,  binge«,  loflu,  1-ilts  an.l  nuU, 
curtain  panels,  curtain  rodK,  caculelieons.  anil  all  other 
arlioles  in  hnnlworc  rcpiircd  in  the  construction  of  r.iil- 
way  carriages. 


4D1       SlitlRE,  UlCIIAHD,  Ifi  .•^■•illi  ! 

.•■'./Ill  in' — Mmiiifact 

Pair  of  plated  baiitoi-ua  cu'riiigo  1.1 


(.  M.m. 


648 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  t&  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  t&  P.  3  to  29. 


rUHITKD 


Railway  tail  lamp,  with  moveable  head,  intended  to 
dear  out  corroded  soot. 

Hand  signal,  containing  extra  large  burner.  Foot- 
board lamp  for  carriage.     Improyed  magic  lantern. 

Travelling  Etna,,  mtended  to  boil  water  in  three 
minutes. 

Improved  lamp  for  singeing  horses. 


452  Smiths  &  Co.,  Blair  Street,  Edinburgh — Designers 

and  Manufacturers. 

Stationary  railvray-signal,  lantern,  and  lamp.  The  air 
is  admitted  through  holes  in  the  bottom  of  the  lantern, 
and  closed  during  high  winds  by  a  sliding  cover  working 
from  the  outside.  The  heated  air  escapes  by  a  vane 
moving  on  the  top.  The  lamp  has  a  flat  wick,  which  can 
be  raised  and  depressed  without  making  its  surface 
unequal,  and  thus  causing  smoke.  The  saving  in  the 
consumption  of  oil  is  stated  to  be  nearly  one-half. 

A  lantern  and  lamp  for  the  head  or  tail  of  a  railway 
train.  The  colours  of  the  light  can  be  changed  by  bring- 
ing coloured  glasses  between  the  flame  and  the  outer  lens. 
The  lamp  has  an  argand  burner,  with  a  new  and  simple 
plan  for  fixing  the  wick-raiser,  and  preventing  the  wick 
from  shaking  down  by  the  motion  of  the  carriage. 

A  railway-carriage  roof  lamp,  of  a  new  construction,  by 
which  the  oil  does  not  overflow,  and  the  light  is  kept  steady. 

A  stage-coach  lantern  and  lamp,  with  reflectors  of  a  com- 
position metal  free  tcom.  tarnish,  and  giving  a  clear  white 
light. 

Hand  signal-lamp  for  a  railway,  with  a  red  and  a  green 
slide  for  changing  colours. 


453    BiGOS,  Samuel,  Drome,  Somerset — Designer  and 

Manufactiu^r. 
Tin  moulds  for  jelly,  blanc  mange,  rice.  Savoy  cake, 
raised  pie,  patties,  Italian  cheese  pudding,  &o.     Plain 
cutters  for  paste  and  vegetable.    Root  cutters.    All  made 
by  hand. 

455  Saundkbs,  Wm.  John,  II  Polygon,  Clarendon  Square 
— Inventor  and  Manu&ctiiror. 
Pneumatic  solar  lamp  for  railway  signals,  lighthouses, 
and  domestic  piurposes,  said  to  be  equal  in  intensity  to 
that  of  gas,  adapted  for  the  combustion  of  common  oil, 
either  animal  or  vegetable,  and  free  from  noxious  efiects. 


458  Bright,  Richard,  37  Bruton  Street — ^Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Various  lamps.     Patent  lamp  wicks,  cistern-top,  or 
floating  cover,  to  prevent  the  action  of  the  atmosphere  on 
oil  or  other  liquids. 


459       Childs,  James,  Brentford — Manufacturer. 

Brass  fountain  lamp,    with   four- wick  adjusting  con- 
centric burner,  for  a  lighthouse  lantern. 


461  HuGHBB,  John  George,  158  /S'^ranrf— Proprietor. 

New  designs  for  lamps  to  bum  candles  of  various  sizes. 
Inkstand,  bronxed  (boy  holding  torch).  Three-light 
candelabra,  bronzed.  New  deeiffn  for  a  gem  spirit-lamp. 
Lantern  for  a  hall.  Flower-stand  tripod,  lacquered.  New 
design  for  an  oil-lamp.  Candelabra,  lacquered.  Three- 
light  gas  chandelier,  fuchsia  pattern. 

Model  of  a  marqu^. 


462    Barlow,  James,  14  King  Willuim  Street,  Mansion 
House,  Citg — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

An  illuminator,  or  vault  light,  illustrating  a  method  of 
admitting  daylight  into  vaults,  ships'  decks,  undeigroiind 
apartments,  &c. ;  the  apertures  are  each  filled  i^vnth  a  lens 
of  peculiar  construction  for  the  admission  of  light. 

Newly-invented  self-acting  syphon  tap. 


464     Black,  Benjamin,  49  Sotdh  Mdton  Sired— 

Manufacturer. 
Ornamented  carriage  lamp. 


465      Ptree,  J.  S.,  &  Sons,  DorHngton  Street^ 

Manufacturers. 
Bronze  tea-urns  and  swing  tea-kettle,  of  new  designs. 


470      Sarson,  Thomas  Frederick,  Leicester — 

Manufacturer. 
Gas  lamp,  vdth  ornamental  construction  for  ventila- 
tion.   

472       NiBBS,  James  Syson,  Baslow,  Blake^ell — 

Inventor. 

Forms  of  the  *'  oxidate  condensing  lamp,"  for  the 
economical  distribution  of  artificial  light.  The  burner 
is  constructed  to  effect  the  combustion  of  the  whole  of 
the  carbon  of  the  oil,  and  is  said  to  produce  a  greater 
amount  of  light  from  a  given  quantity  of  oil.  The  com- 
mon oils  may  be  used. 

Improved  weather  lantern,  for  out-door  purposes, 
cellars,  &c.,  constructed  on  the  same  principle,  with 
other  improvements;  and  used  for  ships,  railway  car- 
riages, and  other  vehicles,  as  side  lights,  &o. 


474        Hawkins,  James,  42  Bow  Street,  Dublin— 

Manufiujturer. 
Circular  silver-mounted  Clarence  carriage  lamps,  for 
spirit  or  candles. 

476    Dowson,  Joseph  Emebson,  123  Oxford  Street — 

Ifanu&cturer. 
Cundy's  patent  hot-air  ventilating  stove.  The  interior 
is  made  of  fire-clay,  and  no  surface  iron  comes  in  contact 
with  the  air.  The  fr«sh  external  air  is  admitted  to  the 
interior  of  the  stove,  there  warmed  to  a  moderate  tem- 
perature, and  then  passed  into  the  apartment,  by  which 
a  stream  of  pure  warm  air  is  supplied. 


477     Brown  ft  Redpath,  Commercial  Road,  near  Wesi 
India  Docks — Patentees  and  Manufacturers. 

fire  hearth,  or  cooking  apparatus  for  ships'  use.  This 
specimen  will  cook  for  56  seamen  and  30  passenfferB. 
The  whole  of  H.M.  steam  ships  are  supplied  with  these 
hearths,  which  can  be  made  to  cook  for  1 ,  000  men,  and  are 
used  in  first-class  passenger  ships  to  India. 

Specimens  of  the  most  approved  lanterns  iiaed  for 
marine  purposes. 

479  Callam,  Thomas,  56  Shore,  Leith — ^Inventor. 

Model  of  a  ship's  cooking  apparatus,  in  various  sixes. 
Economy  in  fuel  is  stated  to  \>o  attained  by  the  use  of 
a  damper,  moved  at  the  side  under  the  chimney;  this, 
when  pushed  in,  closes  the  draught  under  the  boilers,  or 
coppers,  as  they  are  technically  called,  and  opens  it  at 
the  side;  when  drawn  out,  the  side-port  is  shut,  the  main 
flue  opened,  and  the  flame  makes  a  circuit  under  the 
coppers  before  reaching  the  chimney.  Baking,  boiling, 
roasting,  and  steaming  may  be  all  p«rformed  at  the  same 
time. 

480  Searle,  Charles,  M.D.,  51  WeymoM  Street— 

Inventor  and  Patentee. 

Tubulated  solid  stove  or  heat  condenser,  for  wmrming 
libraries,  schools,  passages,  shops,  kc.  The  heated  gasvs 
of  the  fire  in  their  passage  to  the  chimney  pass  through  a 
lengthened  tubulated  solid  mass  of  fire-brick,  constitut- 
ing the  body  of  the  stove. 

Firo-bricks,  with  porcelain  surface,  and  in  iron  casu:^ 
of  two  forms. 


481  Goodbehers,  George  Thomas,  9  WelldoeeSq^ 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  ship's  hearth,  constructed  to  oook  for  fifty 
men ;  containing  furnace,  so  arranged  that  an  admission 
of  air  is  obtained  between  the  fire  and  the  oven,  to  pre- 
vent the  latter  from  being  burned  through,  and  to  save 
expense  in  repairs.  It  wUl  boil,  bake,  roast,  and  steam 
with  despatch.  This  hearth  is  represented  in  the  cut  in 
the  next  page. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  ft  25  to  27j  O.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


of  the  ihtp'a  hearth  : — 1.    Futmel-pipe  : 
boiler;  4.  duDpar  huidle ;    5.  giurd-nul, 
hot-pUte:  B.  front  door  '     ' 
fiuuM;  10.  uh-pon;  "     - 


OoodlielHn'i  tmprDT«d  8h1p'i  Heuili- 


domsHtio  sppckTBtuB  IS 
1  nngs,  the  quantity  of  Don-efTectiva  cool 
coDramed  being  snonuoiu.  To  produce  the  utmoet 
ttttet  bom  foal,  the  hokt  muit  be  retoioed  in  fluea  around 
the  mbatance  to  be  cooked  u  long  aa  it  importa  heat, 
ud  odIj  BufTered  to  escape  by  the  chimney  whi-ti  it  is  too 
culd  tu  be  of  service.  Count  Rumford  9UjB(K»iwy  x,  p.  31), 
"  Mure  fuel  in  frequently  conauiued  in  a  kitchtin  range  to 
bull  ■  taa-ketUe  than,  with  proper  mnnagement,  would  be 
■uffident  to  cook  a  good  dinner  for  fifty  uien."  The 
nuitv  ipace  and  fuel  ahipe'  hearths  economise,  the  more 
effective  they  are. —S.  C] 

The  emignuta'  hearth,  which  can  be  made  to  any  size 
rc-juijred. 

482     DErmiM,  Nithin.  2-il  Kr^ral  S(r«(— Inventor 

Diagrmnu,  illuntrating  a  b;.tb  heated  by  giw.  pie  worku, 
and  a  new  mode  of  lighting,  heating,  and  ventilating  oou- 
■erratoriea  and  buildings. 

Gas  rtoves  for  wanning  and  ventilating  rooms  and 
builiUngs,  and  for  culinarj-  purposes.  By  ino-ina  of  one 
of  tb«M  stores,  a  person  may  roast,  boil,  bikku,  steatn. 
and  stew  at  the  same  time. 

I'atent  gu  bath,  by  which  45  gallnna  of  water  may 
be  beated  in  six  minutts.  from  43  Ut  'J'l  dcRrees  Kiibrtm- 
hrit.  at  a  cost  of  Ics  than  •i-l.  for  gas.  This  invention 
Cf.aiiiita  in  the  a|i]>licati<iu  of  jets  of  h!;ui  actiuK  on  metallic 
plat'D  at  the  bottom  of  the  bath,   by  uieaue  of  a  xiuipk- 

[The  ppMiess  of  making  conl  jpu  is  thin  :  Bituminous 
do]  ij<  thrown  into  a  retort,  beatti!  to  ruilncsx,  and  c1oh''1 
up,  with  the  excei>tion  of  a  pipe  which  lendx  the  ovolvcd 
puo)  andiither  voUtile  jiruducts  t»  the  coudenoer,  «heri', 
cuiuini;  in  contact  with  cold  ituiiacod,  curtain  inijiuritiv 
an-  thniwii  d'>wn.  Thi-  rviuaining  gases  titen  pass  tlinuiKh 
tile  KTubber,  fiUud  willi  aslici.  or  any  iniiti-nal  present' 
ill,;  a  Utkc  surface,  by  wliicb  nily  ninlters.  Ac,  arc  hrjui- 
r»t<-<l.  The  waiih-veiiwl  brinj^  thi'  gases  in  cniitnct  «ilh 
wuer,  when  soluble  imjuiritics  bj-g  removed,  the  Unie  in 


the  puiiAer  finally  taking  up  aulphuretted  hydrogen. 
The  gas,  fit  now  fbr  illuminaijon,  is  meamrad  t^  tha 
meter,  and  stored  in  tha  pa-holder,  from  whence  it  is 
distribated  through  th«  street  mtuns  to  the  bumen. — 

S.  C] 

Oas-works,  showing  the  whole  process  of  gas-making, 
trova  the  retorts  to  the  burners,  illustrating  the  paaaaga 
through  the  new  condenser;  the  scrubber,  the  washer, 
the  wet  lime  purifier,  the  new  rotary  dry  lime  purifier, 
and  the  dry  lime  purifier  in  present  use. 

Dry  station  meter,  formed  almoat  wholly  of  glass,  to 
show  its  action,  and  thence  through  a  telescope  Kasometar 
to  the  Btrset  mains.  Patent  conservatory,  with  entirely 
new  mode  of  heating,  lighting,  and  ventilating  conser- 
vatoriee,   churches,    and   any   other  public  and   private 


[Heating  by  means  of  a  gas  Bams  Is  economical, 
cleanly,  and  safe  ;  economical,  because  the  required 
amount  of  heat  can  be  given  at  once,  and  the  gas  turned 
off  when  the  purpose  has  been  eerect«d  ;  cleanly,  because 
there  is  no  dust  or  asbea ;  and  safe,  because  there  are  no 
sparks  and  no  soot  formed,  by  which  a  chimney  Bue  can 
be  maamsd.— S.  C] 

The  patent  diygas-meteria  constructed  ofallgiaes  from 
one  to  one  thousand  lights;  the  latter  aize,  which  was 
made  for  the  new  House  of  Commons,  passes  ten  thou- 
sand cubic  feet  of  gaa  per  hour. 


483       Qabtok  &  Jabvis,  Exeter — Inventors  and 
Hanulacturers. 

Improved  universal  cooking  apparatus,  or  raoge-stove, 
including  mantelpiece,  with  oven,  hot-closet,  and  hot- 
plate, and  expanding  and  contracting  fireplace. 

Eionian  iMoking  apparatus;  cast  oven,  hot-oloaet,  with 
large  ventilated  roaating-cbamber,  dripping-pan  to  draw 
out,  hot-plate,  and  rings  and  co'—- ■  '"-  i~.ii.„™ 

Portable  cottage  cooking-stc     , 
boiler,  and  draw-off  cock. 

Wrought-iron    cyliudricid   bothou 
cglmdc.    •       

Solar,  or  convolute  hot-house  boiler;  is  a  sheet  of  water 
coiteil  in  the  form  of  a  scroll,  with  fire  in  the  centre,  and 
fixc<l  horizontally. 

Double  vertical  hot-hou»o  boiler  (cast),  with  the  fire 
in  its  centre;  the  flame,  leaving  tho  lower  boiler,  im- 
pLiigce  on  the  crown -lioilor. 

Mwlei  hot-water  njijiaratus,  for  wanning  hothouses, 
conservatories,  churches,  and  private  re-aidences. 

Working  model  double-action  bydmuUc  cider-press. 


486      Hale,  Thomas,  &  Co.,  ft-Wo/— Designnrs 
and  Sfonufacturers. 

Onlamenlal  and  Gothic  swing  pis-brackets ;  also,  waler- 
slido  cliandcliein  in  bra«s,  bronze.  Sic.  New  registered 
ilesigns,  in  tinted  glaiiseH.  for  the  same. 

Cue  of  these  onuuneutal  brackets  is  shown  in  the 
annexed  cut. 


650 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3.  to  29. 


[USITED 


hour  clock  bells  ;  set  of  hoiise-bells.  New  plan  for  steam 
lackering  machine,  with  model. 

Brass  and  copper  tea-kettles.  A  newly -invented  kettle 
for  warming  water,  being  suspended  from  a  bar  of  the 
grate.     New  designs  for  coal  scoops. 

Registered  copper  bath,  made  to  suit  the  natural  posi- 
tion of  the  body  when  in  a  sitting  posture  ;  to  be  heated 
by  gas  or  other  means. 

Brass  figures  (a  Roman  gladiator),  bronzed,  and  (a 
flying  Mercury)  in  a  new  style  of  lacker. 

487  Hodges  &  Sons,  />M6/m— Manubctiirers. 
Copper  kettles  and  lamps. 

488  Ijoysel,  Edwakd,  34  Essex  Street,  Strand — Inventor. 
New  coffee  filters.     The  invention  consists  in  obtaining 

a  vacuum  in  the  coffee-pot,  without  expense,  by  the  con- 
densation of  steam. 

Potato  roaster  of  a  new  description,  which  may  be  used 
either  in  the  kitchen  or  in  the  parlour. 

489  Kepp  &  Co.,  40, 41,  ft  42  Chandoa  Street,  Charing  Cross 

— ^Manufiacturers. 
Copper  bath,  with  set  of  cocks  complete,  and  shower- 
bath  over.  Steamers,  for  fish,  meat,  and  vegetables. 
Range-worm,  or  coil  of  tinned-copper  hot-water  pipes. 
Copper  skylight  frame.  Copper  covering  for  roofs. 
Momded  copper  cornice-gutter,  with  moulded  cistern- 
heads  and  rain-water  pipes  attached.  Hot-water  boiler 
for  circulation.  Double  meat-boiler,  tinned  inside.  Dish- 
washer, tinned  inside.  Moulds  for  jellies,  cakes,  &c. 
Brass  ornamental  lantern.  Two  ornamental  copper  vanes; 
the  ornamental  work  raised  by  hand.  Copper  saddle- 
boiler.  Ornamental  wrought-copper  casement.  Copper 
clock-hands.    Zinc  and  copper  chimney  pipes. 


490  Wilson,  R.  ft  W.,  49  Wardoitr  Street,  Soh 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Ornamental  shower-bath  of  tinned  iron,  half  circular 
form,  fitted  with  mahogany  seat;  the  same,  of  a  square 
form. 

Plimging-bath,  ¥dth  shower  combined,  of  tinned  \von. 
The  same,  fitted  with  taps,  plates,  and  levers,  to  super- 
sede mahogany  fittings.  Roman  plunging-baths.  Orna- 
mental hip-baths.  Child's  nursery-bath,  with  loose 
frame.  

491  NoiRSAiN,  JuhBSf  Ilampstedd  Ifousef  St.  John*8  Wood, 

and  131  Regent  Street — Inventor. 

Patent  ventilating  open  fire-place,  with  chimney-glass 
and  ornaments;  the  cninmey-piece  and  frame,  of  glass, 
are  made  of  black  marble  in  tne  Louis  Quatorze  style;  the 
room  is  ventilated  by  means  of  an  aperture  behind  the 
top  ornament  of  the  glass  fi:tune;  from  this  aperture  a 
pipe  conveys  the  vitiated  air  of  the  room  into  a  chamber 
at  the  back  and  sides  of  the  grate,  from  whence  it  passes 
into  the  chimney.  The  panels,  or  front  of  the  fire-place, 
are  made  of  beaten  copper,  highly  polished. 

In  order  to  ensiire  health  and  comfort  in  the  heating 
of  an  apartment,  various  conditions  are  required:  1st. 
That  the  grate  which  warms  the  apartment  (from  50  to 
65  degrees  being  the  most  advantageous  temperature) 
should  produce  a  perfect  ventilation  or  change  of  air, 
both  in  the  upper  and  lower  part  of  the  room.  To  ob- 
tain this,  the  aiction  of  the  heat  and  of  the  air  for  ven- 
tilation must  be  so  combined  as  to  be  dependent  one  upon 
the  other,  and  to  act  together. 

It  is  also  essential  to  health  that  the  air  should  be 
perfectly  free  from  all  smell,  smoke,  and  gas,  arising 
from  the  fuel.  To  obtain  this,  the  bars  of  the  grate 
must  not  project  beyond  the  opening  of  the  fire-place, 
and  that  opening  should  be  smiedler  than  the  sectional 
diameter  of  the  chimney;  by  which  means  any  chimney, 
however  defective  in  construction,  will  be  prevented  from 
smoking. 

2nd.  It  is  necessary  that  the  heat  should  be  equably 
dis{)ersed  throughout  the  apartment,  so  that  there  should 
be  no  draughts.     For  thu  purpose  the  air  should  be 


allowed  to  escape  from  the  room  not  only  up  the  chimney 
from  the  lower  part  of  the  room,  but  also  from  the  upper 
part,  through  another  opening  leading  to  Uie  chimney, 
thereby  causing  free  drculation  of  the  air  throughout 
the  whole  of  the  apartment. 

In  order  that  the  apartment  may  be  sufficiently  heated, 
it  is  not  necessary  with  these  stoves  to  make  up  a  large 
fire,  by  burning  a  large  quantity  of  fuel,  but  the  in- 
tensity of  the  fire  should  be  incrused  by  the  application 
of  a  draught-plate  (made  of  glass  or  wire-gauie)  to  the 
opening;  a  pipe  is  also  placed  in  the  chimney,  aoid  com- 
municatee vdth  the  ventilating  or  hot-air  chamber,  at 
one  end,  and  with  the  upper  part  of  the  apartment  at 
the  other,  in  order  to  throw  out  warm  air  into  the  upper 
part  of  the  room. 

On  the  other  hand,  in  order  that  the  i^Mrtment  should 
not  be  overheated,  a  double-action  valve  is  placed  at  the 
lower  part  of  the  fire-place,  and  oommunici&es  with  the 
pipe  in  the  chimney;  by  this  means  the  opening,  instwi<d 
of  throwing  out  warm  air,  is  made  to  dniw  off  the  hot 
and  vitiated  air  frx>m  the  upper  part  of  the  room  when 
required. 

To  ensure  safety,  by  preventing  a  chimney  from  taking 
fire,  care  should  be  taken  that  the  smoke  be  not  allowed 
to  become  condensed  in  the  chinmev:  to  prevent  which, 
the  opening  should  not  be  too  high,  so  that  the  air  to 
support  combustion  may  be  well  heated  before  ascending 
the  chimney  and  mixing  vdth  the  smoke :  if  the  opening 
be  too  high,  the  air  would  enter  at  too  great  a  distance 
from  the  fire  to  become  sufficiently  wanned,  and  conae- 
quently  the  smoke  would  condense  and  form  soot. 

The  accumulation  of  soot  at  the  sides  and  back  of  the 
register  cannot  take  place  in  the  improved  system,  aa  is 
often  the  case  in  the  ordinary  construction  of  a  grate. 
Also,  in  the  old  plan,  the  flame  is  allowed  to  act  upon 
the  sides  of  the  chimney  to  which  the  soot  adheres;  out 
in  the  improved  system  the  fire  is  contained  in  an  iron 
case,  from  three  to  four  feet  high,  which  does  not  touch 
the  chimney;  thus  leaving  a  hollow  space  outside  for  the 
reception  of  the  soot  (if  any  is  formed),  and  removing  it 
from  the  part  where  flame  is  allowed  to  exist. 

For  the  convenience  of  sweeping  the  chimney,  a  small 
door  or  opening  is  provided :  by  this  means  the  chimneys 
are  better  swept,  and  the  inconvenience  of  having  the 
sweeps  and  soot-bags  in  the  apartment  is  avoided. 

A  considerable  economy  is  obtained  by  thoroughly 
heating  an  apartment  with  the  least  possible  expenditure 
of  fuel.  For  this  purpose  there  must  be  a  due  pro- 
portion between  the  size  of  the  outlet  for  the  smoke  from 
the  case  and  the  area  of  the  grate,  and,  consequently,  of 
the  quantity  of  fuel  consumed. 

Cleanliness  is  insured  by  the  employment  of  a  moveable 
ash-pan,  projecting  a  considerable  distance  from  the  fire, 
and  independent  of  the  fender. 

The  improved  grates  and  fire-plaoes  may  be  made  of 
various  forms  and  designs,  so  as  to  accord  with  the 
chimney-piece  and  other  architectural  embellishments  of 
the  apartment,  on  the  well-known  principle  that  the 
frame  for  an  object  should  be  made  to  form,  at  the  same 
time,  an  ornament,  thus  making  a  harmonious  whole. 

Ventilating  open  fire-places,  made  of  porcelain,  in  the 
form  of  a  pedestal,  to  be  placed  in  a  recess  under  a 
chimney,  and  having  the  panels  made  of  ornamental 
porcelam;  the  same  of  bright  polished  copper,  adapted  to 
a  pilastre.  

493  QiLLBBPiE  &  Son,  62  Brottghton  Street,  Edmburgh-- 

Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Model  of  the  Victoria  shower-bath;  the  reservoir 
moving  up  and  down  on  pulleys. 

494  OiLBERT,  Samuel,  Ironmonger  Street,  Stamford, 

LinctAnshire — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Registered  Somapautic  bath.  Exliibited  for  elegance 
and  utility. 

495  MoGGRiDGK,  M.,  The  WUlwcs,  Swansea — Inventor. 
Model  of  a  sponging  bath. 


Kingdom.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


651 


496    Habdwicuc,  Wm,,  32  HatUm  Garden — ^Inventor. 

A  portable  domestic  bath-room,  with  warm  and  cold 
water  cisteniB  attached;  the  water  is  heated  by  a  flow  and 
Rium  pipe»  in  connexion  with  a  small  stove  placed  in  the 
Dearest  adjoining  fire-place;  the  water  may  be  warmed, 
and  the  room  lifted  and  ventilated  by  gas. 

498  Hon,  Bicbard,  Barthohmew  Square — Inventor  and 

llanufietcturer. 
A  registered  copper  vi^ur-bath,  ¥dth  internal  trough 
and  box  for  herbs,  Ac. ;  fitted  upon  a  stand  (oak  and 
Tine),  east  in  copper,  mounted  by  a  twined  leaf,  with 
glac  handles;  worked  by  a  spirit-lamp,  with  glass  handle, 
a  tamed  leaf  forming  the  thumb-piece.  Medicated  vapour 
be  ^iplied  by  tMs  instrument. 


499  Dawbbb  &  DuMBLBTON,  South  Tbtm,  Tarmouth — 

Inventors. 
Working  model  of  a  stone  filter  in  a  slate  cistern. 

500  BkAT,  Cbarlbs,  14  Cranhoume  Street,  Leicester 

&jHare — Inventor. 

Square  pedestal  wash-stand,  of  papier  machd,  jajmnnod, 
and  cHnamented  with  gold  mouldings ;  the  interior  fitted 
with  metal  dstem  for  water,  and  reserx'oir  for  waste; 
basin,  soap  dishes,  Ac.  The  same,  circular,  made  of 
metal,  japanned. 

Pillar  shower  bath,  with  reservoir,  curtain,  and  pan 
complete. 

lie  "anhydrohepseterion,'*  for  dressing  potatoes,  with 
a  tin  lining,  which  may  be  placed  inside,  for  hashing  or 
stewmg. 

Potato  and  spoon  warmers.  Plated  rests  for  a  carving 
knife  umI  foik,  with  useful  appendages.  Crumb  tray, 
made  of  tin  japanned.  Portable  machine  for  boiling  water. 

501  Dalb^  Richabd,  195  Upper  Thatnes  Street^ 

Manufacturer. 
Model  of  a  warm  bath  and  heating  apparatus,  consisting 
of  a  copper  bath,  tinned  and  japanned,  with  a  cylindrical 
copper  bfiiler,  so  constructed  that  on  filling  the  bath  with 
cnld  water  the  boiler  is  charj^od,  and  r)n  li^litinp;  the  fire 
the  water  circulates  from  the  boiler  to  the  bath  until  it 
Arriven  at  the  require<l  tem|>erature,  when  the  fire  may 
be  l»>wered  by  means  of  the  ventilators,  or  extinjipuHhed 


be  l»>were<l  ny 
bv  dnmpini;  th« 


ipping  the  grating,  and  the  bath  may  bo  URe<l.  The 
!»«ilcr  if!  !»«>  forme<l  that  the  fire  acts  directly  on  its  Hides 
and  dome,  which  arc  entirely  8urn)undo<l  with  water. 


.'h>2     FAnJ>lNG,  Joskpd,   \\  JUhrmd  St.,  nunp$tc>hl 
/.v»/#/— Inventor  and  Producer. 

Spocimcns  of  ornamental  and  curvilincjir  sawing;  for 
embellij«hing  pianofortes  and  cabinet  furniture,  and  for 
anrhitectural  ornaments;  mttems  for  castings  cut  with 
the  pequiMitc  bevil  for  motilding. 

Itesri>tered  portable  vapour  l>ath  ;  for  the  local  or 
(;eneral  application  of  steam-heat  to  the  human  body. 

'\C)'.\       lx>NGnELD.  William,  (Hltni,  noxr  Virrkshire — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Ornamented  ^Tought-iron  safe  or  chest,  for  deeds,  kc, 
with  patent  jKwitive  security  lock,  having  fourteen  reverm* 
ItoltP,  moved  by  one  tiini  of  the  key,  and  an  improved 
nri*t  of  drawers  and  desk,  rising  out  of  the  chest. 


.'i04  Mather,  J.,  C'/r /.«•.! — Inventor. 

Dkith  of  improves!  const  met  i«)n. 

.'>4»t>         I^JIDBEATER,  JoHX,   IJ.')  Al'frrS'j'itt   Street  — 

M;uiuf;u.*turer. 
Ruiker  s  fire-proof  f*;ife. — Kire-pnuif  ivpo^itory,  aff<»nl- 
iuir  security  against  the  skill  of  burirlars;  and  resisting,  in 
^^u^eM  of  fire,  the  falling  of  heavy  materials. 

.V»7     Tann  &  Sons,  Mi>orrti  Tcm-er,  >in>l  //<;"'  Street, 
/f'trf:n''tf  /.'•».i«/— Patent«5es  and  Mauufactuivi's. 
S[»cctm«?nii  of  ]>atent   fire-pnM)f  iron  safo^,  with  out^T 
uid  innc*r  do<>rs  tittiMl  with  patent  reliiuice  lock-).  Security 


from  fire  is  obtained  by  filling  hollow  chambers  with  che- 
mical salts,  capable  of  resisting  the  action  of  fire  unless  it 
is  increased  to  a  great  degree.  The  salts  become  fused,  and 
by  throwing  off  moisture  afford  protection  to  the  contents 
of  the  safe.     Fitted  up  as  a  cabinet  and  writing  desk. 

[To  render  a  safe  "  fire-proof,"  it  is  not  merely  neces- 
sary that  it  be  made  of  non-combustible  material,  such  as 
iron,  for  being  quick  conductors  of  heat,  a  temperature 
capable  of  charring  the  contents  is  speedily  communicated 
when  the  outside  is  in  contact  with  burning  substances; 
it  becomes,  therefore,  essential  that  some  matter  capable 
of  resisting  the  transmission  of  heat  be  placed  between 
the  iron  outside  and  the  things  within,  which  are  to  be 
preserved  from  fire. — S.  C] 

508  FiSHEB,  John  NorthTIO  Charles  Street, 

Manchester  Sq*Mre — Inventor. 
Safety  boxes  for  collecting  money  bags  in  railways; 
also  for  counting-houses  and  offices  for  private  letters,  Ac. 

509  Baker,  CharleSi  Jireh  Cottage,  Hotherfield  Street, 

Islingtcm — Inventor. 
Fire-proof  safe,  on  a  new  principle.     Patterns  of  a  new 
oval  hair-brush,  and  of  a  pocket  tooth-brush.     Model  of 
a  writing-desk. 

510  KAKRf'WnAAAX,  5'!  Cheapside — Bfanufiicturer. 

Wrought-iron  patent  fire-proof  strong  room,  secured 
with  the  double  chamber  wheel -action  detector  lock. 


516 


RosiNDALE,  C,  High  Street,  Hull — 
Inventor. 

Service-box,  applicable  to  every  description  of  water- 
closet,  and  not  requiring  the  cistern  direct  over  head. 


517  Clark,  C.  Chapman,  lending — Inventor. 

Registered  self-acting  sanitary  water-closet. 

Self-acting  valve  trap  for  sinks,  &c.,  proposed  as  an  im- 
provement on  the  bell  trap. 

518  Gray,  Thomas  II.,  70  AVm/  William  Street, 

at;/ — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Patent  inventions  of  different  <lescriptions.  Spherical 
])ump ;  sanitary  cistern  for  cleansing  drains  and  sewers ; 
self-closing  or  other  valve  cocks  for  high  and  low  pressure; 
vent-pi^gs ;  deck-illumiimting  ventilator;  water  closets; 
models  of  side  j)orts  or  scuttles  ;  anchor  stopper ;  light- 
ning conductor ;  wash-hand  basin,  with  self-closing  cock  ; 
sink  apparatus  for  cleansing  drains  and  sewers;  lubri- 
cator; hydrant,  or  fire-cock  with  stand  pijHj. 

510  IIoDGEB,  Thojias,  AfAy  Steeet,  Ihihlin — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 

Church  IhjII.  Farm  bell,  emlK»llishe<l  with  agricultural 
devices.  Altar  bell,  fixed  on  an  emhlematic  stiuid  carved 
in  Irish  Ixig  oak.  I^rgo  and  small  brass  force  and  lift 
j>umi)S,  moimte<l  on  oak  phuik,  with  copier  air  vessels. 
MeUil  pump,  with  bnws  working  boxes,  similarly 
mounted. 

Patent  comi)osition  piiK.">s  for  fluids  or  gas,  from  J  to 
.')-8ths  of  an  inch,  in  single  lengths,  varj'ing  from  500  to 
l,o<Mj  feet  each. 

,*>20        TiRNER,  Edward  W.  K.,  :\\  Pr'icd  Street, 

P'ltl'l'ii  jton—  Inventor. 
Model  to  illustrate  tin?  applirition  of  centrifugal  force 
to  the  puritication  of  water  in   large  qu.'Uitities,  for  the 
r.u])ply  of  cities,  towns,  ^c. 

522     Davis,  C.  C,  IJ  W'll.ut  Stn.t,  /^/M— Inventor 

and  Manuf:icturer. 
Portiible  waterfall,  a  metal  vessel  of  large  capa^uty,  for 
cleansing   water-cloHets,    sewers,     &c.,    preventing  them 
from  being  Ptopped,  or  forcing  them  open  when  stoppe<l. 

52^i  McCuLMM,  J. ,70  a  curji  Street,  L'^hn'-i.-./h—hwcntor, 
Spirit-nieter,  for  rneivsuring  liipiids  by  index. 


Clam  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  K.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  8  TO  2 


524       0(T»T  &  CnaiMEH,  Botherltam  Braa  Worlu 
MBaufkctm^ifi,  PatentMH,  and  Proprietor 

Tubular  w«ter-cloBet,  with  ornameotal  osat-in 
and  back,  in  dull  and  bright  gold;  the  axna  uid  top  of 
the  back  stuffedj  and  covered  with  emboeaed  crlmaon 
velvet,  and  fumiahed  with  porcelain  basiu  and  tube; 
the  piaton  cock  fomiiiig  the  working  part  of  the  appa- 
ratus. Invented  and  roistered  by  William  Kirkwood,  of 
Edinburgh ;  improved  by  the  eKbibiton. 

Hydrant  or  fire-cock.  Cast-iron  box  or  cue,  encloBiog 
■elf-acting  ball  valve,  of  solid  gutta  pendia,  closed  bj  the 
preanire  of  water  against  a  vulcanized  India-rubber  Bsat- 
ing.  Stand  [upe  to  the  same,  of  copper  tube,  with  ro- 
volving  diacharge  pipea,  screwed  for  connecting  to  leather 
or  other  hoea.  Of  great  utility  in  large  tonna.  When 
aapplied  with  water  at  high  presaure,  it  ia  inataatly 
available  for  eztinguiahing  firea,  and  for  atreet  cleanaing. 
— Patent  belongs  to  Heairs.  J.  Bateman  and  Al&ed 
Hoore,  of  Manchester. 

Chrunea's  patent  hydrant  or  fire-cock,  atmilar  to  the 
preceding,  but  with  brass  disc  valve  instead  of  ball. 

Patent  high-preasure  bib-oock,  having  no  ground 
sur&cea;  &ee  m>ai  leakage  under  great  pressure;  and 
repairable  by  a  renewal  of  tlie  leather  waaber  to  the  loose 
vidvej  with  other  advantages.  The  same,  cut  open  to 
Bhow  the  action, 

in  the  ciatam.     Fatant  high-preasure  atop-cock, 

Hi^-presHure  douhle-valvs  cock,  which  can  be  repaired 
without  requiring  the  water  to  be  taken  off.  The  same, 
cut  open  to  show  the  action. 

[When  water  is  allowed  to  run  through  a  pipe,  and  ia 
then  anddanly  shut  off,  it  produces  a  violent  shock, 
similar  to  that  v^ch  would  occur  in  the  sudden  atopp^ce 
of  the  motion  of  a  folid  body,  frequently  cwuung  the 
fracture  of  the  pipe,  particularly  when  the  pressure 
column  is  high.— W.  D.  L.  H.] 

524i    QvEBT,  John  &  William,  Little  Hampton  Street, 

Birmiaghnm — Han  ufacturers. 
The  following  articlea  all  gilt : — Cornelian  talzB,  witii 
stand ;  onyx  tama,  with  figure.  Goat  inkstand,  with  ruby 
bottles i  tortoise  inkstand;  Elizabethan  inkstand,  with 
blue  bottle;  inkstand,  with  lion  top.  Hatch-box,  with 
medallions.  Vesta  nu^h-lamp,  with  blue  glass.  Cmket. 
Octagon  snuff-box.  Bell,  with  vine-stem  handle.  Chan- 
ticleer bell.  Bell,  with  oxidised  figure.  Almanack. 
Elizabethan  taper-stand.     Gothic  candlestick.     Fostage- 


525    Wiaa,  Bobbbt,  3S  Chario)/ Cnat—la^eaUyr  tid 
Manubcturer. 
Patent  self  acting  portable  water-closet. 


529  Abeut,  J<«m,  29  North  street,  Hachiay— 
Inventor  and  Manu&cturer. 
Improved  water-closet,  dispensing  with  all  cranks, 
wires,  valves,  oasin^,  ftd. ;  fitted  up  on  improved  prin- 
ciples, and  fixed  without  naila,  acrews,  or  brada,  ho  that 
it  might  be  taken  down  and  refiied  without  H«¥n aging 
walls,  paint,  or  paper. 


630    DowmoH,  J.,  i  Cmant  Place,  Cammercia}  Soad, 
LineliovM — Patentee  and  Manufacturer. 
Patent  water-closet ;  its  principle  consists  in  having  a 
fbrce  pump  attached  to  the  basin,  and  four  valves  alter- 
natolj  shutting  against  the  water. 


531  MtasMat,  CHattus,  Waterloo  Houte,  Kingilanii— 
Inventor  and  Uanufacturer. 

Intent  ventilated  thimbles.  Elastic  finger  guards, 
with  a  silver  shield;  sdason,  with  a  guide  on  the  handle. 

Regtatored  funnels  for  filling  lamps,  Ac.,  with  naphtha 
«t  Eiurits.    Propelling  a{ipw«tua  for  the  amu  and  le^. 


Patent  rotary  water-closet ;  and  drain  tnp,  annr  tl^ 
and  middle-sewer  trap,  on  the  same  priodpla. 
Screens  of  marble  paper  for  decoratiuM. 

532  Objbbn,  S.,  &  Co.,  Princet  Str«el,  Lambeth— 

Msiiufacturer. 

Heni7  &  Co.'s  patent  water  filter  on  the  [ninciple  of 
ascension.     The  same,  in  section,  showing  the  action. 

Hegistured  syphon  flushing  basin  and  self-acting  doaat 
connexions,  fitted  in  wood-work  complete. 

Else's  registered  beer  and  spirit  preaervM. 

533  CsAJtBEU  ft  RonniNB,  47  Carey  Slrtel,  LixeM*  /n 


Portable  water-closet,  with  ij 


534    LixnEBT,  T.,  iViwCirf,  ZamirtA— Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Flexible  di^hragm  valve-cock,  for  water;  an  ^(plication 

of  canvas  waterproofed  by  vulcanized  India-rubber,  which, 

being  pressed  upon  the  ^lertura  in  the  metal  casing  by 

means  of  a  screw,  prevents  the  flow  of  water.    Section  ia 

Double  di^hragm  valve«ack,  for  wator.  The  upper 
diaphragm  is  held  to  its  seat  bv  the  preaaure  of  the 
column  of  water  upon  the  lower  diaphragm;  thtsamag»- 
ment  is  important  when  desirable  to  open  the  valve  its 

.. L •  "q  of  a  thread  or  screw,  as 

g  used.   Section  is  brass. 


LuBbnt'i  PiUat  VulaalHd  Vtlw  loeVt. 
Description   of   the    paient    vulcanised    india-rubber 
rater-tap.     Fig.  1  shows  the  t&p  in  section. 
-   '     ■     I  body  of  the  valve;    ■'-■'---      ---'-.■- 


seating  by  the  pressure  of  the  water;  t  it  the  baodla, 
or  knob,  by  means  of  which  the  valve  is  opened :  by  this 
arrangement  it  cannot  be  lefl  open.  Tbsi*  an  other 
methods  for  opening  and  cloaing  the  Mane ;  the  airows 
denote  the  waterwny,  when  open.  Fig.  2  shows  the  tap  not 
in  section,  and  Fig.  8  represents  another  form  of  the  tw. 
A  high-pressnre  ball  or  dstam  valve.  A  eap-Ie«ther  la 
connected  to  the  diaphragm,  iriiich  ti^ati  the  ball  to  rsaiat 
preaaure.    It  cannot  beMme  fixad. 


mCHmiNQ  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  IS  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  T 


\g  Tftlve-cook,  for  water.   The  diaphTR^m  ii 

D*ed  ■■  ■  aubstituta  for  a  atufSng  box.    Section  in  brsBH. 

Aaother,  the  body  in  glan ;  can  be  made  in  metal.  A. 
hall,  or  cwtem  Tslva,  of  the  aams  conatniction.  Section 
Inbnwa. 

(Tbw  Uf  an  aln  exhibited  in  Clua  .■>,  No.  47Ba.) 

Flexible  diaphngm  atop-cock,  in  iron  ;  with  ho«e 
union;  aiMl  hjdnmt,  with  iran  box  and  lid,  and  union 
boee  aeiew.     Cheap  fire  cock. 

Economic  lamp,  for  the  use  of  the  artizan,  which  bunu 
Tcgetabte  oil,  and  pvas  a  light  equal  to  the  beet  candle, 
the  ooat  of  bunking  being  a  penn;  for  13  hours.  The 
nme,  with  centre  body  m  glan,  to  show  the  internal 
■mngemant.    Thli  lamp  ia  ihown  in  the  annexed  cut. 

Daacriplum  of  the  cut. 

Kg.  1.  A,  Cap. 

B,  Handle  for  railing  nrton  O. 
C  VilTC  for  ratum-oj]. 
E,  Fixed  tube. 

F^.  Z.  Wlek  and  wire  bodkin. 


K  nelf-icting  water-closet  npparBtuK 


mpply,  a 

.Samplea  of  tin  pipn  made  froi 
rif  iciin  metal  ateatu-eockii  rmd  t 

A  double  cone  union  joint,  foi 
liir  aid  uf  auldar. 


Comi^h  tin.    Specimenn 
oiiiotive  fittinpn. 
roDUCcting  pipes  without 


5ilj  Price,  — ,  Inventor. 

Patont  waiihing  loachitie. 

5.16       Datb,  John  Benjikin.  fi.'i  Houpdl  Street— 
Inventor  aiid  Mauiiracturer. 
ftrgiitflred  valve  for  Bt«im,   water.  Ran,  or  nny  other 
9uid,  fslled  a  clear-wa;  vhIvc.  iuteniUd  t<>  aupenwde  the 
[vuimoD  plug^cock,  eMiiecially  the  lorgvr  sizes. 

V.\%     Adani,  John,  W-y— Producer  and  Munufacturer. 
linproTtd  wadung,  wringing,  and  mangling  tiwchiue. 


)39     TaSKER,  WtLUiM,  £1.  Jame^i  Soad,  Halifax 
Deeigner  and  Manufacturer. 
Uachine  for  waahing,  wrin^ng,  and  mangling. 


i40  WnxiNBoK,  - 

ImpniTed  patent  mangle. 


542     TlNDAU,  B.  O.  D.  L.,  Scariorovgh—InYantoT. 

Regiatered  mangle,  with  horizontal  spring  preosura. 

This  mangle  is  repreeentcd  in  tlie  adjoining  cut.    The 

lioation  of  the  horiioutal  apring  is    '      j.  .1  f- 


543  Reid,  James,  10  77u>™(™  Place,  Aberdeen— Deaigaer 
and  Inveutor. 
Model  of  n  l>ntbing,  wnxliiiig,  wringing,  and  mangling 
machine.     A  selfacliug  cradle. 


—  DeHJgner   and 


the 


."i44    Tabin,  Mabc  Loma  Adai 
im/t-m    Cresant    C.iw<rffi 

Improved  dustpan,    with  a 
dvist,  and  a  means  of  quickly  diachnrging  it. 

Book  and  Uurel-fonu  ciirtriilge  j»ucbes  for  npnrtamouj 
for  the  pn.tettion  of  a  new  powder-anil  Imll  cartridK<-. 

Self-de«cen<liug  reflective  nonle,  M-itb  wire  nnd  nhmle. 

Gold  embroidered  pillar  candle  lamp,  magnifying  rofloc- 


15         Stutterd,  J.,  Bnnhnrii — Invcotor  and 

Mnniifitctiiror. 

Now  mangle,  with  olastie  prowiire,  w'rch  may  be  fixed 

bher  to    the   wall    or   table.      The  ob»tie  prnwunj    is 

obtained    by   an   npiilicntion    of    vulcimiiBil   enonti-buiic 

aWve  tho  rollers.     It  may  W  iiw.l  as  a  tiiblo  or  fix.-d  to 

ill,    beiiiK  eompnct,  aimplo.  and   efficient.     The  fol- 

Dg  cut  reprweiitH  this  mangle;  aee  next  iiag<-. 


Clibb  22.— OEIfERAL  HABDWABE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27  i  O.  9,  &  P.  8  TO  2 


546      Fbteb,  RicnABD,  *  n'lod  Slnd,  SpUalfieliU— 
Inventor  raid  Manufacturer. 

A  wiuhiiig.  wrin^e,  and  niimgliiig  nmchine. 

Double-acting  wmbing-tnaohine,  by  which  one  porBon 
can  waah  ilifferBnl  Borte,  or  first  and  eeoond,  at  thp  same 
time.     Train  of  modeU  to  illtutnite  the  samo. 


547  BAKEn  ft  Co.,  es  Fora  Street,  Cripjdegatc— 

Inventors  and  Hnnufacturere. 

A  TSTolTing  mangle,  for  pressing  and  puttingagloan  on 

linen  and  other  woven  bbrii»,  ftc.     Capable  of  mangling 

■rtiolei  of  great  length.    It  is  simple  in  iU  couatruotiou, 

and  can  be  worked  by  a  boy. 

548  MACiLPiNE,  Wm.,  flmninenmith—iiivaatar. 
Patent  waalitng  machine  for  washing  linen  in  hoapitaU, 

or  cleaning  rags  for  the  raaniiEicturo  of  puper. 

A  patent  revolving  vessel  with  ateam  apparatus  for 
waahing  heavy  goods. 

C50      Tdppeb  &  CiBB,  3  M'lnsim  Ifmw  Place,  City— 
Patentee*  and  Mamifaoturers. 

Specimens  of  oomigatod  and  plain  enlvaniied  iron, 
for  roofing  purposes.  Hain-water  pipe,  both  cast  and 
Brought;  guttering,  gas  and  water  tube*.  Chflina,  of 
varioua  sisos .  Nails;  screws;  ships'  boltfl  ;  wire-rope. 
Cast  iron  galvanized  garden  sofas,  ohaira,  and  flower- 
ataoda.  Various  sorts  of  galvaniied  wire-netting  and 
fonoing;  also  galvnniiod  wire  for  teiegraph  piirjiosea. 
Oalvanueed  fenders,  Gro-irooa,  fire-guarda,  fire-dogs,  &c. 
Also  various  descriptions  of  ornamental  CMt-iron  work 
galvanised;  ojid  specimens  of  bits,  eur1>  chaina,  stirru|>s, 
uid  buekles.  The  whole  intended  to  show  the  innn. 
msrable  articles  to  which  the  process  of  galvanising  can 
be  applied, 

[The  procem  of  galvanizing  is  one  comparatively  new  to 
ihia  country,  it  having  been  introduced  under  a  French 
patent  granted  to  Monii.  Sorel,  about  eight  yoora  ago. 
The  process  conusta  in  giving  a  coating  of  metnllic  xinc 
(whioh  idnc  should  be  of  tlie  purest  description)  to  any 
article  in  iron,  the  iron  being  firat  DhemicaJly  prepared, 
by  a  very  interesting  process,  for  the  reception  of  tho 
zino.  The  demand  for  this  very  useful  manufacture  hae 
been  but  limited  till  within  the  last  few  years;  but 
the  attention  of  the  Qovemment  has  of  late  been  tumeil 
to  it,  and  it  has  been  used  eitenaively  in  all  the  dock- 
ytiit  for  roofing  purposes,  and  on  board  all  tho  vessels  in 
the  navy  for  lining  the  coal -bunkers.] 

551 


653  K»y«T,  Geobge,  3i9  «m«rf— Inventor,  P 
HaDU&cturer. 
Rotary  knife-cleaning  macbine,  in  eight  s 
■octioo.  This  machine  is  represented  in  G 
transverse  section,  in  which  the  position  o 
nod  the  amkngemeiit  of  the  rubbing  surfacec 
In  fig.  2,  n  perpendicuhtT  section  is  given,  i 
the  interior  of  the  mauliiDe.  In  fig.  3,  a  sii 
ia  shown,  with  the  apertures  for  the  knife. 


]  INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 

L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  20. 


BnuiiM  or  buffers  of  the  kuifd  mauliine.  OriguuLl 
AiiK^ricau  knife -clMiner. 

Tritunting  stninen  fur  duturatic  or  miuiufactiirinf; 
parHwea.  RoUr;  ciodor-aiTter,  fordoiomtic  uiw.  Wurldug 
model  of  the  tame. 


5,V1 


MOBETON,  J.,  Xe-l 

1 

;ni>cMne. 


shnll,  Wolterhnnijiivit — 


555       HlBUaON,  W.,  Faher  Sireti,  Binumg/mm — 
Muiufkcturer. 
Bright  and  tinned  round  kod  nvol  ahort-haodle  frying- 

E.   Baigfat  round  uid  tinned  oval  linngiiiu  fryitig-fAiui. 
ht  roiu>d  long-handle  &ying-pana.   Bright  round  and 
bake-pwu. 
HaTannab  augar-mouldi  and  lai^  mouldn  for  refining 
iMgar,  tinned,  painted,  and  coated  irith  "patent  glaaa 

Tinned  antalt  mould,  for  refining  lugar. 
8ugw  boiria  and  tkimmen,  tinned  and  coated  with 
"  ytMit  gUN  enamel." 

!i^      OiD<(ET,  JotEXtAH  WlLiJAH,  K-ist  DcreAam, 
A'vrfoU — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

ICulala: — an  improved  aii-niro  strained  fence,  with 
gatoa  fur  parka,  pleaaura  grouudx,  and  agricultural  pur- 
pua<M;  a  portable  iron  aheepfuld,  on  whuuls;  oud  iron 
•ntraDoa  galea.  Sundry  piena  of  ornamental  caatings, 
for  galea,  paliaading,  Ac. 

Mudel  of  a  door,  fitted  with  lover  xpriDg-drop,  to 
n«lude  the  draught  froni  bel<iw  thu  door,  whore  the  sten 
or  «ill  ia  worn  awaj.  loToutetl  anil  registerod  by  Moma 
UardiDer,  of  Anbill.  Norfolk.  FuU-aiie  lever  Bpnng-drop, 
for  the  aama  purpose. 


Mmlel  of  homtsphcrical  utove  grate,  with  flre-briok 
bock,  difligued,  regbttereil,  and  manufactured  by  Hvasn. 
Bnrwell  ruid  Co.,  of  North atiipton.      Fender  for  the  aoine. 

Model  of  a  green-house,  with  economical  heating  appa^ 
mtuB,  regiatered  by  J.  N.  Oiblw.  Wendliog,  Norfolk. 

Tlirce  sete  ofontameutal  gutbic  hingea  for  church  doora, 
deaigoed  by  9.  3.  Teulou,  han-,  and  manufactured  by  the 
Bihibitor.  

557        Watts  k  Barton,  61  Shot  i.me,  Uolbom— 
Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  pewter  articluH,  quart  and  pint  drinking 
cups.  Mclon-ahaped  moulds  for  icing  puddings.  New 
pattern  icc-crcam  mouldti.  Warmer  and  cooler,  of  im^ 
preved  construction,  for  oonfectionem'  counter,  to  keep 
BOu]>a  and  pastry  warm  in  winter,  and  to  keep  ice  creams 
and  iced  water  cold  in  summer.  O'tiI  meat  dish.  Hot- 
water  dish.  Improved  hot-water  plate  and  stand.  Col- 
gravy  boat,  wicker  handle. 

Music  plate,  for  printing  muaEc.  Title-plato,  for 
printing  tille-jiages. 

Brass  castings— various  patterns  of  animals,  busts, 
figures,  JLc.  

559  ButEE,  W.,  U  AlU-n  Slreri,  GoiireU  Street— 

Monufitcturur. 
Awls,  Ixidkins,  steels,  and  other  implements,  for  shoe- 
makers, carpentem,  &u. 

560  Fabbow,  ChAHLE!),  'iHOrtat  ToatrStrttt— 

Manufacturer. 
Corking,  bottling,  bottle- washing,  automaton  funnel, 
and  other  niachiuea  used  in  the  monogemeat  of  wiuus 
aud  other  liquors. 


[OmciAL  Ilu'stkatld  Catalocto.] 


\>  II 


656 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  t&  P.  3  TO  29. 


[Uhited 


563         Hale,  James,  Waball — Manufacturer. 

Spring  curb  hooks  for  bridle-bits.  Steel  spring  swivels 
for  shot-belts.  Powder-flasks  and  rifle-slings.  Spring 
hooks  for  dog  chains.  Pillar  chains.  Back  chains,  &c. 
Fancy  dog  and  parrot  chains.  Polished  steel  pole  chains 
for  pair-horse  carriages.  Stirrup-leather  buckles,  girth 
buckles,  &c.  Spring  billets  for  pillar  reins,  bridles.  Sec. 
Plain  and  spring  ooskeys  for  tandem  traces.  Fancy  chain 
dog  collars.     Polished  steel  trace  end  chains. 


565  Robertson,  Hugh,  Milngavie,  Scotland — Inventor. 

Cutter  gauge  for  cutting  a  square.      Machine  for  wash- 
ing yam.     Trap  for  shooting  pigeons.    Rat-trap. 


566       Pope,  William,  Bridge  Street,  Exeter — 

Manu£^urer. 

Felt,  finished  state;  used  instead  of  leather,  for  pump 
valves,  and  for  shoeing  horses.  Same  material,  but  in  a 
different  stage  of  the  manufacture;  used  in  polishing 
marble  instead  of  the  li^;  and  for  back  collars  of  car- 
riage wheels,  &c. 

Furnace  for  consuming  smoke,  with  apparatus  for 
producing  naphtha,  if  required. 

568     M'Clubb,  John,  Galloway  Houte,  Oarlieaton, 

Scotland — ^Inventor. 
Model  of  a  swing-door,  showing  four  ways  of  balancing 
the  same,  so  that  it  shuts  of  itself,  without  the  use  of 
springs  or  pulleys^ 

570     Green,  Charles,  2  Portland  Street,  Brighton — 

Inventor. 
Machine  for  cutting  bread,  for  domestic  use,  in  uniform 
slices  of  different  thicknesses.    A  letter-box. 


571       Gray,  John,  Dunbitr,  Scotland — Manu&ctiu^r. 
Pattern  of  traps  for  killing  rabbits,  &c. 


572  English,  J.,  Epping,  Essex — ^Bfanufocturer. 

Entomological  fumigating  apparatus,  designed  to  drive 
lepidopterous  insects  from  uieu:  natural  habitats;  and  also 
to  facilitate  the  capture  of  entomological  specimens.  The 
same  apparatus  is  also  useful  for  fumigating  plants,  and 
is  constructed  to  turn  with  a  winch,  being  enclosed  in  a 
mi^ogany  case  for  convenience  of  pocket  carriage. 

573  CoLUNGE,  Charles,  &  Co.,  65  Bridge  Road, 

Lambeth — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Working  models  of  patent  spherical  gate  hinges  and 
gate  fastenings,  The  patent  spherical  hinge  consists  of  a 
ball  revolving  in  a  cup  socket,  both  being  case-hardened, 
and  is  applicable  to  all  kinds  of  gates  and  doors.  The 
improved  gate  fastening  consists  of  several  bolts  thrown 
into  staples  by  the  action  of  one  key  or  lever. 

Patent  spherical  and  rising  hinges.  Doors  fitted  with 
the  rising  hinges,  rise  as  they  are  opened  clear  of  the 
caipet  or  mat  on  the  floor,  and  close  by  their  weight 
acting  on  the  spiral  screw  of  the  hinge. 


574     PiNDER,  W.,  &  Sons,  Sheffield  Worhs,  85  Travis 
Street,  Manchester — ^Manufacturers. 

Files. — Specimens  of  doctors  in  elastic  steel,  composi- 
tion, German  nickel,  tutang  or  Chinese  copper,  and  cast- 
steel  pin  files,  used  by  calico  printers. 

Files  for  machine  makers. 

[The  term  "  doctor,"  given  to  a  part  of  a  calico-print- 
ing machine,  represents  a  long  blade  of  steel,  or  of  some 
other  metal,  which  is  applied  to  the  engraved  surface  of 
the  copper  print-cylinder,  for  the  purpose  of  removing  its 
superfluous  chai^  of  colour.  The  adherence  of  the 
superfluous  colour  being  a  great  difficulty  on  the  intro- 
duction of  the  machine,  accident  led  the  inventor  to 
apply  a  knife-edge  to  the  revolving  cylinder  with  a  suc- 
rowful  result.  — R.  E.] 


575    Bradnack,  I.  R.,  Great  Tarmauth — ^Inventor. 

Pair  of  summer  skates,  adB^)ted  for  a  macadamised 
road,  or  any  firm,  level  sur!iM)e. 

Model  of  a  door,  with  an  improved  fiwtenii^.  Im- 
proved knocker  and  letter-plate  for  a  door. 


576       BuBROwg,  Thomas,  Bamsley — ^Inventor. 
Bed-joint,  intended  to  supersede  the  use  of  screws. 


577  Hbdley,  G.,  Ireland— laventoT, 
Gaa-cooking  apparatus. 

578  Learwood,  Thomas,  Trwv — ^Inventor. 
Screw-driver,  of  considerable  power. 

Portable  walking-stick  stool,  made  of  lanoe-wood,  to 
imitate  cane.  Chair,  adapted  for  ladie^  schools,  cano- 
seat,  and  back  birch,  in  imitation  of  roeewood.  Fancy 
chair,  for  drawing-room,  Urch,  with  willow  seat.  Windsor 
chair,  for  kitdien  use;  birch,  in  imitatioa  of  mahogany, 
and  Frenoh-polished. 

579  Cook,  Thomas,  Ann  Street,  Plumatead—hxweaUnt  aikd 

Manufacturer, 
House  alarum,  to  be  fixed  to  doors  or  windows,  to 
prevent  them  being  opened  at  night  without  making  a 
loud  report.    The  same,  in  gardens  or  shrubberies. 

580  Armstrong,  James,  jun.,  10  Pollen  Street, 

Maddox  Street,  Regent  Street — Manufactorer. 
Dressing  and  other  combe,  tortoiseshell  and  horn 
metal  combe  and  whisker  combs. 


581  Hoohbs,  Hesketh,  72  Charles  Street,  City  Road— 

Inventor. 
Patent  gauffering  machine,  dispensing  with  hand  labour. 


582  Hatward  Brothers,  196  Blackfriars  Road — 

Inventors  and  Manufocturers. 
Sheringham's  registered  ventilator;  made  of  iron  ja- 
panned, for  the  admission  of  fresh  air  into  a  room  without 

draught. 

583  Leaver,  James,  Cookham,  near  Maidenhead — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

A  corona  lucis  for  lighting  a  church,  the  pattern  being 
the  leaf  and  branch  of  ivy,  vrith  the  branch  made  in  ons 
piece.  

584  Hatnes,  Joseph,  88  St.  Jame^s  Street — Inventor. 
Apparatus  for  extracting  corks,  by  applying  a  lever  and 

screw  of  peculiar  construction. 

587     Knight,  T.  W.,  33  Regent  Terrace,  Widcomb,  Both 

— Inventor. 
Bolt  for  folding-doors,  which  £utens  on  closing  ths 
right-hand  door. 

591  BiSHOPP,  Rev.  John,  M.A.^  11  CanJtefinry  Row, 

Kennington  Road — Inventor. 
Rotary  cinder  sifter.    The  cinders  are  expeditiously 
sifted,  and  (without  opening  the  machine)  are  afterwards 
made  to  fall  down  instantly  into  the  coal  scuttle,  so  that 
no  dust  can  possibly  escape  to  cause  any  annoyance. 

592  HocKiN,  Charles,  38  Duke  Street ,  Manchuter 

Square — Part  Owner  and  Agent. 

Carson's  patent  meat  preserver,  consisting  of  a  sjrrings 
or  force  pimip  without  a  valve,  which  injects  fluids  into 
animal  substances  and  preserves  them  fit>m  the  centre  to 
the  surface;  a  joint  is  salted  in  ten  minutes  instesd  of 
foiuteen  days;  meat  can  be  flavoured  as  salt  meat,  snd 
still  the  gelatinous  part  be  retained. 

By  injecting  a  few  ounces  of  brine  or  syrup  into  the 
soft  part  of  a  joint,  it  may  be  kept  many  days  beyond  the 
usual  time. 


KnroDOil. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


657 


594        jENUmoK,  Jjjaa,  21  President  Street, 

Gotwell  Street — Inventor. 
Improved  blind  roller  and  spring  bracket.  The  spring 
k  introduoed  into  the  bracket  instead  of  the  roller,  in 
order  to  make  the  afqpantoa  more  simple,  neat  and  cheap, 
and  less  liable  to  get  out  of  repair.  The  roller  can  be  re- 
moved tram  the  bnu^et,  and  the  blind  slid  into  a  dove-tail 
groove.    Stove  with  descending  flue. 


595      MooBX,  J.,  38  Clerkenwell  Close — Proprietor. 
Fsteni  lever  ventilator  for  any  form  of  window. 


597       AxuuLT,  BoNDV,  Rotherhithe — Inventor. 

Hoi-water  bottle  bath;  with  double  sides,  and  between 
them  a  non-conducting  substance.  Gas-stoves. 

A  washing-copper  and  trough,  heated  by  ^ ;  the  water 
keeps  hot  the  whole  time  of  washing,  and  is  r^^lated  at 
(deasure.    Flat-irons  heated  hj  gas. 

Window-roller  bracket  sprmg.  The  roller  may  be 
releaaed  without  cutting  the  cord.  Should  the  cord 
break,  the  roller  cannot  jump  out  of  bearing,  as  there  is 
DO  slit.  

600     WnraAM  Larb  Icb  Company,  164a  Strand— 

l£anu£M;turers. 

loe  safe  or  refirigerator,  for  keeping  wine  and  provisions 
eool :  lined  with  we  patent  glass  enamel. 

Syphon  water  filter,  capable  of  instant  adaptation  to  any 
czisiug  dst«Ri  or  water-butt,  invented  by  Alfred  Bird. 


[The  lolid  masies  of  ice  brought  to  England  from 
America^  are  obtained  from  fr'eshwater  lakes.  The 
Wenham  Lake  in  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  is  not  fftr 
from.  Benton,  and  is  situated  in  a  hilly  district.  A  com- 
plete ice-cutting  establishment  exists  at  this  lake,  and 
when  the  ice  is  a  foot  thick  it  is  cut  by  a  peculiar  plough, 
drawn  by  a  hone.  The  blocks  are  cut  with  an  ice-saw, 
drawn  to  the  ice-etore,  and  for  a  time  kept  there.  15,000 
or  20,000  tons  of  ice  can  be  stored  at  one  time  in  this 
repneitory,  whence  it  is  de8x>atchecl  by  rail  to  the  market. 
About  400  tons  of  ice  in  a  day  are  frequently  carried 
away.     The  annual  consumption  is  enormous. — R.  £.] 


601  Keith,  Gboriqe,  36  Piccadilly — Manufacturer. 

Ling^H  patent  mahogany  ice-safe,  for  the  preservation 
of  all  kinds  of  provittionA,  iceing  wines,  water,  &c. ;  the 
same  in  deal.  Ling's  patent  metal  ice-box  for  hot  cluuatcs. 
Gablen's  ice-box.  Dome«ftic  apparatus  for  making  ice- 
creams. Wine  freezers.  Appai-atus  for  making  ice-creams 
by  the  aid  of  freezing  powder.  Ice-maker,  for  freezing  a 
small  quantity  of  water  in  tubes  ^ith  the  freezing  powder, 
for  medical  or  other  purpoBes.     Registered  ice-plsme. 

Coffee  or  chestnut  roaster. 

"  Magic  mirror,'*  which  is  said  to  resist  the  condensa- 
tion of  the  breath  on  its  Hurface  in  cold  weather. 

Liquid  meter  (in  action),  for  measuring  water,  spirit, 
or  any  kind  of  liquid,  adapted  for  distilleries,  water  com- 
panies, &c.  

602  Holland,  Thoxas,  40  S<>\Uh  AudUy  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  brass  cock  for  kitchen  boiler. 


604    Helt,  Alfred  Acgcstcs,  16  Manchester  Buildings, 

Westminster —  Inventor. 

Patent  cork-driYing  apparatus  and  vent-bottle.  The 
f>rmer  is  applicable  to  the  corking  of  any  deBcription 
of  bottles,  but  especially  to  the  "  vent-l>ottle,"  which  is 
simply  an  ordinary  bottle  with  a  small  orifice  under  the 
rim,  through  which,  on  the  cork  being  suddenly  com- 
prsMied  into  the  neck,  the  quantity  of  liquid  displaced  is 
ejected. 

Sliding  candle-lamp.  A  contrivance  for  preventing 
candies  trom  guttering,  and  facilitating  the  use  of  a 
wnufBcM  wick  in  common  tallows. 


Chemical  vase,  showing  the  application  of  oil  to  the 
disinfection  of  noxious  matter,  by  confining  the  effluvium 
under  water,  or  directing  its  escape  through  a  tube  into 
the  air.  Water  is  poured  into  a  vessel,  and  a  pipe 
is  let  down  until  the  water  rises  about  one-third  in  tne 
pipe.  Oil  is  then  poured  upon  the  water  to  fill  the  pipe 
another  third.  The  matter  drops  through  the  oil  into 
the  water  in  the  tube,  where  it  is  fr-^d  of  any  oily 
particles  it  may  have  gathered  in  its  passage  through 
the  oil,  and  finally  deposits  itself  in  or  upon  the  water 
in  the  body  of  the  vessel. 


606  Bentley,  W.  H.,  7?^/orc/—- Inventor  and 

Ifanufacturer. 

Garden  irrigator,  for  watering  plants  and  flowers. 

Cooking  apparatus,  for  boiling  and  steaming,  and  gene- 
ral culinary  purposes. 

Self-acting  chunney-pipe,  intended  to  obviate  the  in« 
convenience  of  smoky  chimneys. 

Self-acting  kitchen-range,  upon  a  new  principle.  Ra- 
monemr  apparatus,  for  sweeping  chimneys  without  the 
aid  of  climbing-boys. 

Universal  tea-kettle^  which  "  will  boil  two  gallons  of 
water  in  ten  minutes." 

Alarm  lock  for  the  protection  of  life  and  property. 
Registered  stove.  Improved  coffee-pot.  Improved  filter- 
ing cistern. 

607  Daioell,  J.  C,  Limpley  Stoke,  near  Bath — 

Inventor. 
Piece  of  ordnance,  loaded  at  the  breech  instead  of  the 
muzzle,  it  can  also  be  loaded  and  discharged  in  less  than 
h^  the  time  taken  to  load  ordinary  guns,  and  requires 
only  half  the  powder  to  each  charge. 


609  Hughes  &  Kimber,  106  &  107  Shoe  Lane,  Fleet  Street 

— MianufSacturerB. 

Copper-plate  for  line  engraving.  This  plate  has  been 
extended  three  inches  by  hammering,  and  is  as  hard  and 
highly  polished  as  the  material  will  admit. 

Steel  plate  for  mezzotinto  engraving,  prepared  with  the 
finest  surface,  and  of  even  tamper  throughout.  Thin 
steel  plates,  similar  to  this,  were  first  invented  by 
Richard  Hughes,  in  1822. 

[The  intention  of  extending  the  surface  of  a  copper- 
plate by  hammering,  is  to  condense  its  molecular  struc- 
ture, as  far  as  that  can  be  accomplished  by  mechanical 
means.  In  this  process,  a  very  large  amount  of  latent 
caloric  is  developed — it  might  be  almost  said  to  be  forced 
out.— R.  E.]         

610  Morewood  &  Rogers,  Steel  Yard  W/iorf,  Upper 

Thames  Street — Inventors  and  Proprietors. 

Specimens  of  rain-water  gutters  and  heads,  and  mould- 
ings for  architectural  purposes,  made  of  the  exliibitors' 
patent  galvanized  tinned  iron.  These  mouldings,  at  a 
small  expense,  add  to  the  appearance  of  a  building,  are 
free  from  liability  to  rust  and  discolotu*,  and  may  be 
painted  to  resemble  stone. 

Patent  galvanized  tinne<l-irou  pipe,  for  conveying  water 
or  gas;  its  reconunendationa  are  economy,  cleanliness, 
and  freedom  from  the  bad  consequences  that  fretjueutly 
attend  the  use  of  lead  pipes  for  conveying  water. 

Samples  of  patent  galvani/^ed  tinned  iron  wire  for 
electric  telegraph,  fencing,  and  other  puqwses. 

Samples  of  patent  galvanized  tinned-iron  chain  of 
various  sizes. 

Piece  of  the  exhibitors'  patent  leaded  sheet  iron;  apjili- 
cable  for  making  baths,  water-cans,  gas-meters,  and  most 
of  the  i>ur|>o8e8  to  which  tin-plate  is  applied,  is  much  less 
expensive  than  that  material,  and  wears  better. 

611  Mitchell,  James,  SUmehaveny  Scothtnd — Inventor. 
Tin-plate    pipe-tops.      German    silver  pipe-tops,    and 

sterling  silver  pipe-tops,  with  chain  and  picker.  Malleable 
iron  tobacco  pii)e,  invented  by  the  exhibitor. 

3  n  a 


Clam  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27;  0.9,  &  P.  3  TO  2! 


C12    Hampden,  Jok.v,  +48  Wttt  Sircnut— Co-Propriatt 

aud  Agent. 
'    Nbw  mid  improved  fira  escape;  ftlao  applicsblo  for  a 
Malins  ladder,  acaffolding,  ic. ;  made  entirely  of  iron . 

Williwua'a  temporary  rudder,  atated  to  bo  capable  of 
being  shipped  at  ka  in  any  weather. 

Scott's  elastic  door  and  gate  spring. 

Saah't  air-tight  jar  for  oil.  ink,  blacking.  iK. 

Loytd'a  tea-urn.  A  tea-urn  and  teo-pot  aro  here  coln- 
Itriaed  in  one  vcskI,  eaoh  distinct  in  itself.  FVom  the 
tame  tap  may  be  drawn  tea  or  water,  as  required.  It  is 
heated  by  an  iron  beater,  spirit  lamp,  or  gaa  jet. 

Improved  China  and  glaaa  lettere  for  shop  fronts,  4e. 

614  DCBHAJI,  T.  D.,  16  Linlon  Slrtfl,  A'fto  Xinih  Soifl, 

/j/in^on-^Uanufacturer. 
Regirtored  hot-air  funnel  kettle  for  boiling  watOT  on  a 
Common  fin  in  a  few  minntee. 

6 1 5  GfliY,  John,  1 1  /ncerfeiM  Stwu.  EdinWyK—lDveDtor. 
Registered  gravy  dish  for  separating  the  liquid  fat  of 

roagted  or  boiled  meat  from  the  gravy  at  table. 

C16   Hassdn,  Jonv,  fliiHdersfield—inveDtor,  Patculoe, 
and  Manufacturer, 
Ssmplca  of  patent  manufactured  lead. 

620  Seam,  BonraiT,  2  York  Slrerl,  Middlarx  Hotpilal— 

Deaigner  and  Hanubcturer. 

A  block  tdn-p!ale  coffee  fllteror,  with  spirit  lamp  t< 
boil  water  on  the  table;  it  may  bo  Died  with  or  without 
the  lamp. 

Small  cooking  apparatns.  for  chops,  ateaka,  or  cheeao, 
with  s[iirit  lamp  designed  to  produce  a  powerful  heat. 

Tea-kettle  to  boil  water  on  the  table. 

621  RiDLCT  &  ElMEK,  Vinami  Square,  Watmmsler,  and 
SI.  Jameit  Ta-race,  Vauihnll  Bridgp  Axtd— Inventors. 
Working  model,  one  quarter  of  Uie  1^1  sixe,  iboning  ii 

part  of  the  interior  of  a  house  with  staircase,  having 
patent  safety  door*  and  apparatua  attachsd,  by  moona  of 
which  persons  cannot  enter  or  leave  the  bouse  without 
giving  immediate  alarm  ;  the  apparatus  also  indicates 
that  part  of  the  houan  which  the  peraons  entered  or  left. 
It  is  applicable  to  iron  chests,  bankera'  rooms,  nare- 
houaea,  fiu:.,  and  can  be  adapted  to  existing  buildings  at 
tt  moderate  cost. 

622  Tatlob,  JoasPH,  WolTirrlumpim — Inventor  and 

Hanufluturer. 
Bramah  locks,  with  goards-   Improved  balance  det«ctor 
lever  locks.     Barron's  chest  and  latch  till-lock.     Full- 
warded  chest  and  tumbler-locka,  &c. 

626  CCHNIWIBAM,  AuiEBT  liOBBBT.    AlililOH  Boad, 

Registered  knifecleanor  and  sharpener  The  lentbera 
krs  filed  on  this  board  in  diagonal  linee  with  inturmadiate 
apneas,  to  aeeure  a  constant  and  e<)ual  distribution  of 
Aniery,  and  a  great  amount  of  friction  on  the  blade  of  the 
knife.  A  Bteel  is  Giod  diagonally  for  the  purpose  of 
aharpaning  when  required. 

627  Farkar,  William,  /.nrrarci'— Inventor  and 

MnnufsctUTDT. 

Zino  fountain,  with  fiKUra,  made  by  hand,  without  the 
aid  of  ousting  or  stam|>ing. 

Improvement  for  sash  windows,  to  work  without  lines, 
pulleys,  or  weights. 

Cylindrical  bed-warmer,  which  can  also  be  used  for 
airing  linen,  &c. 

628  8ha\-^  W.  J,,  7*  Walling  S(r«(— Manufacturer. 
Patent   oven,    having  the   heating    apparatus    within; 

adapted  to  damestio,  chemical,  and  shipping  purposes; 
the  Mmn,  with  bot  or  drying  «loaet. 


>30      CoMsio!!.  John,  Melnit, 

Slide  ball-cock,  capable  of  atandXng  a  great 
cater.     Invented  by  the  exhibitor. 


633  Bdknet  k  Bellamt,  MUI  Wall,  Popic 

and  MsnufiutuTBre. 
Tanks  for  water,  biscuits,  oil,  and  paint. 
Cistern  for  house  supply,  or  forbolding  oil,  tar. 
Barrel  for  oil,  tar,  or  ^irit,  with  cock 
tight. 

634  Mastebs,  ToosiAa,  309  Rtgnt  SIrttt — Inventor  and 

Mannfocturer. 

Aeratiug  and  soda-water  machines.  Freesing  machines, 
and  preserving  and  cooling  apparatus.  Rotary  knife- 
cleaning  machines. 

The    annexed  enginvinga   represent    the  aerating  and 


Freezing  jugs  and  cooling  decanters,  percolatoi 
coolera,  butter-coolers,  ftc. ;  new  forms  of  anti-c 
self-acting  laps,  cooling  and  heetjng  apparatus,  Ac 

636  Habt  &  & 


S.'S,  .^t,  A  55  Wydi  Btrat,  I 
Hanufacturers. 

Improved  door-knobs  and  Gnger-plates  In  brass,  ehtna, 
glass,  and  fancy  woods ;  tlie  knoba  mounted  witL  PiU'a 
patent  self-adjusting  spindles. 

Dr.  Amott's  ventilating  chimney  vaJvesj  improved. 

Ironmongery  for  cottages. 

[The  ventilating  valve  of  Dr.  Amott  is  a  very  ompla 
apparatus.  It  consists  essentially  merely  of  a  balanced 
Sap  protecting  an  ^torture  into  the  shaft  of  a  chimnejr. 
The  ra{iid  ascent  of  the  heated  cuirent  of  air  up  llw 
chimney,  draws  a  constant  supply  of  air  from  the  Toam, 
at  that  part  of  an  ^lartment,  near  the  ceiliDg,  wtiM« 
heated  and  vitiated  ur  is  most  abundantly  preaeut.  Ths 
vatvB  is  adjusted  by  its  balance,  to  that  the  entnukca  of 
smoke  is  preveuted  by  its  closure. — R,  B.] 


back'tl 


Riddle,  Williau,  Eial  TernpU  C 

Inventor. 

Solf-Bupplving  pencil  csAea.    The  reserve  ia  at  the 

'    lach  lead  supplies  itself  by  merely  turning 

g  in  the  usual  manner. 
,  linteil  pencils  in  cedar  and  ivorj.     One  object 
has  been  to  construct  a  cedar  pendl  that  doea  not  teqoin 

a.  Reservoir  gold  poos,  contuningalargesDppIjof  ink. 

4.  Inkstands,  extending  peneil-casaa,  ud  panholdan. 

5.  Folio  clipe.  for  holding  p^wn.    6.  lleseir-igDitiiif 
gas  burner.    7.  The  parts  flaoon.  or  wine  handle. 

H.  The  latch  and  bolt  union,  combining  the  advaoi^M 
of  each  in  one  contrivanoe.     9.  Hat  peg*. 
10.  A  marine  band  signal  tamp,  to  b«  naed  in  fogs  and 
-— — ~-'--t.     ItnuybsMtaataawnaljIi^tad. 


rLRK   in   CAST    IRON.      COtLlinOUKIiALB  OOMTA 


Ktnodom.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20.  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


r>59 


11.  Deoaatan,  with  Mlf-actiog  stoppera,  and  other  im- 
pfOTeiD0ntB. 

12.  A  "roae"  shower-bath,  with  a  flexible  tube,  in- 
tezxled  to  be  attached  to  the  house  dstem. 

13.  Model  of  part  of  a  vacuum  shower-bath,  which  is 
filled  by  creating  an  instantaneous  vacuum. 

14.  Metal  jugs,  with  improved  lids. 

15.  A  jar,  the  cover  of  which  dipping  into  mercury 
will  be  air-tight.  The  novelty  consists  in  the  mercury  not 
spilling,  even  if  the  jar  be  turned  upside  down. 

16.  A  looking-glass,  with  rotary  hsae. 

17.  Model,  ulustrative  of  a  railway  carriage,  lighted 
by  an  improved  system  of  applying  compressed  coal  gas. 

1 8.  Plan  or  model,  illustrative  of  a  new  svstem  of  cocks 
and  pipes,  for  extinguishing  fires  in  steam  ships,  by  means 
of  the  steam  firom  their  Ixmers. 

19.  A  sea  or  boating  hat,  with  self-inflating  lining, 
useful  in  case  of  aoddents  on  the  water. 

20.  A  milk-can  for  railway  conveyance. 

21.  Corkscrews,  with  wire  nippers. 

22.  A  suspensoiy  ooudi,  for  removing  wounded  men 
and  invalids  from  their  beds  with  ease:  it  is  intended  for 
hfispital  purpoees. 

23.  Label  dampen.    24.  Improved  foot-bath. 

25.  The  *' inverted^  reading  easel,  which  holds  a  book 
downwaids  to  the  eyes  of  a  reclining  person,  and  admits 
of  the  leaves  hmng  raadilT  turned  over. 

26.  AppwatnilorheatlQgciirlingor  other  irons  by  gas. 

27.  Fu^iroiis,  with  detadiable  handles,  intended  to  be 
always  eool.    One  faaadle  will  fit  any  number  of  irons. 

28.  Convax  cironlar  lens  lamp  shade,  of  novel  effect, 
And  coiMwiitfatiiig  a  band  of  light. 

29.  Portable  gM  and  air  furnace,  exhibited  for  cheap- 


30.  Modal  of  a  nilway  accident  buffer,  consisting  of  a 
luge  hattod  wptbag  ooil  on  wheels,  exhibited  for  simpli- 
city and  pnanmad  powers  of  elastic  resistance. 

31.  Dataotor  bolt  for  cupboard  double  doors,  which 
must  ba  fwlinad  hdam  the  cupboard  can  be  locked. 

33.  Ovfeta  perelia  hingea. 

3.3.  Chamistir  "inverted"  bottle,  air-tight.  The  stop- 
per need  not  to  be  held  in  the  hand. 

.^.  Door  knobs  of  ornamental  glass;  of  new  invention. 

S.*).  Model  of  a  sine  chimney,  covered  with  a  felt  non- 
conductor, to  prsserve  a  hot  ascending  current,  and  thus 
cure  smoky  chimneys. 

36.  Scouring  pi4>er  made  from  pounded  kiln-burnt 
coke,  which  has  been  recently  discovered  to  possess 
propertiea  adiytad  for  this  purpose. 

37.  Specimens  of  jet  and  opal  glsss,  suggested  as 
adapted  for  pianoforte  keys. 

38.  Milling  safety  lamp,  glazed  i%ith  talc,  and  suitably 
guarded  from  flying  splinters  of  coal. 

In  the  preceding  list,  Nos.  1,  2,  3,  10,  13,  17,  and  28, 
are  articlei  for  which  patents  have  been  taken  ;  and  Noh. 
4.  \  6,  7,  9,  U,  12.  14,  16,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  2r>, 
'.'<«,  30,  31,  32,  and  33,  are  articles  which  have  been  regis- 
t^'red. 

6ri8     Katu)!,  J.,  121  Radnor  Street,  /T'l/i/u*— Inventor. 

Lamps  for  nillars  resting  on  the  ground;  and  for 
brackets  affixed  to  the  wall. 


C'A9    Macoell,  Thomas,  2  dwlisie  Street,  Soho— 

Inventor. 
I*atent  "Barrington  lamp."    Patent  portable  showcr- 
t«th.  adapted  for  travelling  carriagefl. 


C*V)    NiXET,  W.  G.,  22  Mnnr  Street,  ^^^-^Ao— Inventor. 

Patent  till,  or  cash-receptacle,  for  the  prevention  of 
fraud,  tec.  Kach  sum  of  money  paid  is  kept  8ei>anite  in 
iu  progress  to  the  common  till. 

r  ire-e*cape,  convertible  into  a  moveable  seat  or  an 
ir<^n  deed -case. 

Flexible  cement.  Immersed  in  \%'ater  at  120  de^irecs 
Fahrmheit  it  becomes  adhesive  and  ductile,  and  hardens 
t/>  the  consistency  of  gutta  percha  when  cold;  may  ho 


made  of  any  coloiu*;  and  to  fasten  metal,  marble,  glass, 
earthenware  goods,  &c.,  to  wood,  or  to  each  other. 


641    Toe  Coalbrook  Dale  Conpakt,  Coalbrook  Dale — 
Inventors,  Designers,  and  Manufacturers. 

Iron  and  bronze  castings  from  the  Coalbrook  Dale 
Foundrv,  Shropshire,  the  materials  of  the  former  (speci- 
mens of  which,  in  their  various  stages,  are  exhibited  in 
the  department  of  **  Raw  Materials  ")  being  produced  and 
supplied  by  the  neighbouring  works  of  Horsehay,  also 
belonging  to  the  Coalbrook  Dale  Company. 

[Shropshire  is  rich  in  ironstone,  limestone,  and  coal, 
the  three  great  requisites  for  the  production  of  iron  for 
commerce,  and  the  site  of  the  Dale  was  first  chosen  for 
the  erection  of  an  iron  foundry,  from  the  fjEudlities  for 
water  power  afforded  by  the  rapid  descent  of  its  brook 
into  the  Severn.  Water  power  has  since,  however,  been 
almost  entirely  superseded  in  the  works  by  steam.  The 
first  single  foundry  in  the  Dale  was  commenced  200  years 
ago,  and  has  been  in  the  family  of  the  present  proprietors 
nearly  150  years,  during  which  time  it  has  been  steadily 
increasing;  and  the  picturesque  and  once  sequestered 
valley  is  now  busy  with  the  life  and  labour  of  500  men 
and  their  families,  the  foundries  and  workshops  of  the 
Company  filling  the  larger  portion  of  the  bottom  of  the 
Dale,  while  the  slopes  of  the  hills  are  occupied  by  coppice 
and  fields,  and  by  the  houses  and  gardens  of  the  work- 
men employed. 

The  total  number  of  men  and  boys  in  the  employment 
of  the  Coalbrook  Dale  Company,  at  the  Foundry  and  at 
Horsehay,  is  between  3,000  and  4,000.] 

The  following  articles  have  all  been  invented,  designed, 
executed,  and  wholly  finished  at  these  works  (except 
where  otherwise  expressed)  :^> 

General  Ornamental  Afannfacture, 

Ornamental  park  entrance  of  cast-iron,  bronze<l;  con- 
BLsting  of  a  pair  of  principal  gate^,  and  two  side  gates, 
hung  on  iron  pillars  of  new  construction,  combining  light- 
ness and  Htren^h,  having  finials,  emblematic  of  Peace, 
supporting  an  insular  crov^n  ;  also  on  either  side  an  ogee 
fencing,  terminating  in  stag's-head  vases,  suggestive  of  a 
park.  In  all  comprising  a  frontage  of  r>0  feet.  Each  of 
the  four  gatoA  was  cast  in  one  piece.  English  design :  C. 
Crookes. 

These  ]>ark  gates  are  represented  in  the  accompanying 
plate  108. 

Ornamental  rustic  dome  of  cast-iron,  bronzed,  20  feet 
in  diameter  by  30  feet  hif^h,  supported  by  six  double 

{nllars,  with  finials  of  guanling  falcons,  and  surmounted 
)y  an  ornamental  weather-rod,  and  a  vano  formed  by  a 
statuette  of  "i£oluH,"  modelled  by  John  Bell;  the  sum- 
mit of  the  vane  is  40  feet  above  the  flooring  of  the  dome. 
The  structure  is  adapted  for  glazing,  as  a  green -house,  a 
Rummer-house,  a  covered  garden,  orchontra,  or  receptacle 
for  a  public  statue  in  metal  or  marble.  It  contains  an 
iron  casting  of  the  "  Elaple-slayer,"  1 1  feet  6  inches  high,  in- 
cluding the  pedestal.  The  eagle,  transfixed  by  the  arrow 
of  the  archer,  forms  the  centre  ornament  of  the  roof  of 
the  dome.     English  design:  C.  Crookes  and  J.  Fk^ll. 

This  dome  with  the  '*  Eagle -slayer,"  'm  represented  in 
the  accompanying  plate  1 12. 

Ornamental  fountain  of  cast-iron,  bronzcMl.  seven  feofi 
wide,  by  eight  feet  high,  with  group  of  "  Cupid  and  the 
Swan."  The  group  fonns  the  jrt,  and  occupies  the  centre 
of  a  tazza,  oniamonto<l  with  a  decoration  of  the  white  and 
yellow  water-lilv.     English  design  :  John  Bell. 

Ornamental  chimney-piece  and  grat^j,  with  decorations 
illustrative  of  deerstalking,  boar-hunting,  and  hawking. 
The  figures  are  of  Cit.-^t-iron,  eK'ctn>-gilt,  and  the  mould- 
ings are  marbled.  The  grate  consi-^ts  of  burnished  ste<^l 
front,  and  ornauicnts  in  bronze,  electro-gilt.  The  d«'- 
rnmtion  conmn^ts,   in    one  design,   the    fender,   j(sh-|»an. 


CuB8  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  T 


of  the 


r  the  b«k  ia  it 


□  which  the  Sre 


clBaniiig  the 
are  deconted 

the  centre  ia 
Death  of  the 


bumidied  and 


rests.  The  fender,  aah-poji, 
pieco,  to  afford  greater  conTamenco 
chimney.  The  enda  o(  the  mantel-pi 
with  bronze  electro-gilt  and  gloaa  vai 
enriched  with  a  bronu  group  of  thi 
Stag."    Modelled  by  B.  W.  fiawkiiu,  deaisnar. 

Bright  ornamental  grate,  composed  of  burn 
■pruDg  ateel  froDt,   with  electro^t   ortuuneilta, 
paQelH  and  mouldinga,  and  ■  nuibls  maatel-pieoe. 
Lah  design  :  Charles  Crookea. 

Black  cotta^  ragiater-gnte  of  ver)  ompli 

Kitchen-nnge,  eonjuiUng  of  an  oven,  with  hot  doaet, 
both  of  wrou^t  pUte-iron,  with  dampen  of  novel  con- 
Btnictiuu.  bj  which  the  fluea  are  easil;  oleuiad;  a  large 
grat«  for  fire,  with  portable  ban;  a  strong  faadt  boiler  of 
wrought  iron,  with  auHabl*  water  and  iteam  taps;  Itdq 
chimney-piece  with  aids  and  ba(&  platea  oompleta ;  the 
whole  with  steamer  attached. 

Ad  economical  doas  Gre-nmge  or  cooking  atove,  oom- 
plete,  with  la>^  wrought  plate-iron  oren,  and  portable 
ban.  The  gtata  ia  lined  with  strong  fire-bricki,  and  fitted 
with  boiler,  steamer,  and  flah-ksttle. 

Back  boiler-range,  of  new  pattern, 

"  ■  tl  oottB{|e-range. 

al  caat-u^n  fire-i 


Ornamental  caat-u^n 


re-dog,  or  andiron,    from  an 


Ornamental  vase  and  base,  adaoted  for  a  garden,  tbun- 
tajn,  or  other  ornament ;  of  foreign  and  ff-wgl^^h  deaign. 
This  Tarn  ii  represented  in  the  ac|joining  plate  47. 

Ornamental  caat-iron  bronied  flower-pot  atandi,  of 
E^liah  and  foreign  dengna. 

One  of  these  itanda  is  pvan  in  the  annexed  illastralioD. 

Serpent-bantUed  Taae  and  baaa  for  earthen  pot,  with 

flowers;  claaoie deaiffn,    Thi* m  

following  Ulnatration. 


Coalbnok  Dtl*  CaBpaor'a  Sw(«t-baBdkd  Vi 


Single  deer'a-head  Taaa  and  baae,  for  earthen 
pot.     English  design. 

Intricate  iron  Casting,  painted  in  white  and  gold, 
of  an  Elinbethan  looking^aas  bame,  with  bianehea. 


ball-table,  arranged  with  pedestals  for  hata,  ooata, 
and  umbrellaa,  oontainii^  also  a  pillar  for  a  lamp 
and  looking-glMB,  with  boiea  for  letter*  and  for 

Chfden-ohaiis,  of  rustic  omaman^  in  eaat-iron 
bronied. 

Hall-ctuurs  of  wrought  and  cast-iron. 

Cast-iron  cheee-tablaa. 

Ornamental  atands  for  umbrellaa^  in  cast  iron, 
broDBed,  with  loose  pana,  maibled. 

Hat,  coat,  and  umhreUa-standi,  In  oaal-iron, 
brontad,  with  loose  pans,  marbled. 

HatI,  or  coQsola-table,  in  eaat-iron,  palntvd  in 
white  and  gold,  marble  top.     Tha  same  bronasd. 

Large  t^Ie,  with  owt-iron  legs,  painted  ««k  ;  of 
classic  design- 
Ornamental  lentilatot^  «n  Dr.  Arwitt'*  prin- 

Caat-iron  door-sar^wra. 

Ornamental  gw-brM«ta,  of  eaat-iron,  brotiaad. 
Door-knocken  and  pcwtMa,  of  nsat  irnn,  farooaad. 
Flower-ataods,  white  and  gold,  with  tfafia  bowla. 


jiiifirlifM-tt-iit  ' 


INCLUDING  LOCia  AND  0BATE8. 
L.  M.  M.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 !  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  2 


roritwi  tmall  WarlU,  of  Fareijn  Detyn,  call  in  Iron  i — 

A  piDciuhion.  SmsJI  jug.  Monk  and  podestal.  Fmir 
of  pedlu*  (mui  tad  wife).  Setter  dog.  Pointer  dog. 
Group  or  wild  horv".  Lion  and  boar.  Bear,  with  Ump. 
Snuil  oop;  of  the  Floreuce  boar.  Knight,  in  u-mour,  on 
homebkck.  Tbe  bear  deatlat.  Qroup  of  a  knight  and  a 
Group  &om  the  battle  of  Aboukir.  Stag 
_.  Boar's-bead  and  dear'B-head  bncketa.  Bear 
■nd  bag-pipea.  Bear  and  young.  Pair  of  goata.  Qroup 
of  an  Aioason  and  a  tiger.  Gilt  raae.  InkJituida.  Fruit 
or  card-p1ate>.  Card-diahea,  on  pedeatals.  Putile-bumer. 
¥uT  of  daooerv.  Female  figure,  with  fUh.  Statuette  of 
"Hannibal."  Pair  of  candleaticks.  Startled  atag.  Pointer 
and  hare.  Setter  dog,  "  Setting."  Sotter  dog  (life  siie). 
Oreybaund  (life-aiiaf.     A  oop;  of  the  Wi       '  ' 


A  boj  and  awan  (paper  weight).    A  clock  with  goat. 

Statuettee  and   Group*  of   EngliBh  Deeign  :-   "  ' 
Battle."  a  irroun  of  ntuni'  and  "Thn  Vii4iirv ''  a  c 


Hagi,  both  dedgned  and  modelled  by  fi 


tuetta  of  Sir  Robert  Peel,   Henry  Rata. 
Thalia,  from  the  one  in  the  Britiah  Huiemn. 

Worka,  life  size,  in  bronia  :— "The  Eagle-aUyer,"  cast 
in  fine  bronze  and  cbaaed,  b;  the  Coalbrook  iMe  Com- 
pany, from  the  deaign  and  model  by  John  Bell. 

"The  arrow  of  the  archer  avenges  the  death  of  the 
lamb."  For  the  duplicate  in  iron,  arranged  archjtectn. 
nUly,  see  the  iron  dome  of  the  Coalbrook  Dale  Company. 

"Andromeda,"  exposed  to  the  sea  monater.  The  pe- 
destal is  illustrative  of  the  story;  in  thia,  as  in  the  other 
detula,  the  object  waa  to  unite  in  one  deaigo,  a  (tatiw 
and  ornament.  The  daooration  terminatea  upward*  in  a 
[nerced  comb,  in  which  luriu  a  diminutive  Cupid,  launob- 
mg  a  dart  at  Perseus.     Cast  In  fine  bronza,  Mveil  feet 


642      HiLNEB  &  Son,  Lktrjaol,  Mamtiitlltr,  and  47a 
Moorgale  ^f .—Patanteea  and  Manufactui-era. 

Qroup  of  patent  hold&at  and  fil*4Mi»ting  mfeB,  of  the 
first  clasa,  with  outiidee  of  half-iildl  wrought-iron,  lined 
throughout,  with  the  exhibitor^  non-conducting  and  eva- 
porating fire-reeiating  ohamben.  Exhibited  in  successive 
stages  of  manu&cture,  to  show  the  internal  arrangement. 
The  safe  is  made  from  5  cwt.  to  3  tons  each  in  weight. 

These  safes,  of  diffietent  uzes,  and  applicable  to  duSermit 
uses,  are  ohown  in  tbe  annexed  illiutRition. 


f.13  HcLETT,  David,  .'.5  irijh  //"fl-im— Munufacturcr. 

Cut  chandi-licrs.  fur  various  linhtii.    Ktriiscnn  gas-lnnip. 

Ad  oruamciitiil  Gothic  lantern  with  Btnjuudglaaa  piuielii; 
thu  LI  shown  in  the  cut  nn  the  ueit  page. 

Itulter'a  ventil.iting  gaa  ehaodvlior.  Gas  meter,  with 
Bpparstua  attached. 

Large  bronze  condelnhnim,  copied  from  the  antique. 
Tliis  caDdelabrum  is  also  repreneutetl  in  the  next  page. 


:utad  in  Kilvcr  by 


amontal  jitand  forgoa 

Glaaa  and  cbinn  stands,  m'luntiHl 
automaton  cofice  urn,  decigned  and  e: 
Bamunl  &  Son. 

.St«am  generutar,  applicnbli'  for  cooking,  henling  water, 
Ac,  by  gas,      Ur.  Amott's  wlr-nctiug  I'eiitiUtur. 

Gas   cooking   stove   and    kt'ttie,      Bachelor'a   cooking 
apparatus. 


Ci-ABs  22.— GENEHAL  BARDWARR, 
L.  M.  N..0.  IS  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27  !  0.  9.  A  P.  8  T 


29. 


anUI  OeMt  UMnr 


ntii|iir  Brnni^  {VnHelHhnim. 


644   EteDOWKK  fc  TAtbOB,  186  P 

and  MannlhotuncB. 

Glau  lustre,  with  drop  woik  tnd  mioiu  eoloond  gl«M 
flowen,  after  ths  old  Venetdan  atyla. 

OnmneDted  metal  duadeliar,  witli  looUag'^tM  otOtM^ 


in  paneli,  ohi 
Begistered 


lbriM,«ith 


branonaa,  ipringiog  from  blue  ^■laln^^^^^  tf^% 
tBiioQ  candlea. 
Regiaterad  chandelier,   with    aama   dadgfl,    for  w*K 

Pairof  waU  lighta,  aft«r  tha  old  Tiin»Hiti  HyVwMh 
coloured  glaaa  flowen,  Aa.,  fbr  was  wnfllM. 

Cryatal  glaas  lustce  for  gaa. 
Table  luapa  on  HereiUuienm  jiiiiTMlala 
The  patent  dii^hanons  nflaotor,  with  taUf  huf. 
Regiatared  ohaHd  candelabn.      Ti^od  naW  ^UaAi 
Vadoua  pftttenu  of  table  giaM. 
Lantern,  witii   reflectora  tat  "fl****^  tt«  oaMdtaf 

[A  TeuetiMi  hiatorian  of  tbe  3  3th  caotnir  Mqi^  Oak  a« 
Govenuneot  cheriahed  tht  "*"ng  of  gl-rr  aa  tta  *Vl^ 
of  its  e;a.  A  Venetian  sanring  ila  aaarata  to  fgn^ 
oountriea  waa  poniahad  by  (ha  bafrlmmmmtt  tt  Ub 
ralativea,  and  if  poMlbk  wifinatij.  NoUa  ta^Sim, 
without  loM  of  oaate  ml^  mtrrj  tba  Jaughtafi  «f 
tQAster  glomen  of  Hunno.  Qlaaa  baadl  and  amblaaM 
of  ahoea  formed  a  large  article  at  traOo  witb  the  Evt; 
the  manu&eture  ia  now  in  dao^  Kt  Tenioa,  though 
beada  are  atill  made.— R.  E.] 


645  Miu^l  &  Sons,  1 79  Piceaiatt,  and  370  Oiftird  Stnet 

— Inventon,  Kanulactiuen,  and  Proprieton. 

Patsnt  Admiralty  regulation  Ughta:  l«ight  light  at  the 

foreniMt  head,    giwrn  light  on  the  ataibowd  aide,   nd 

"  "  on  the  port  mde,  to  be  tuad  when  under  wei^. 

form  of  tbaae  light*  may  be  b«mi  b;  tl 


light  o 
l^e  fo 


Milltr  ft  Sgni'  PiMnt  Adalnatj 


A  common  bright  light,  to  be  naad  bj  all  mnanli  at 
anchor.  Model  of  a  steam-Teaael,  abcnnilg  bow  tbaae 
lighte  are  pUced.  The  cut  on  tha  am«^t«  pagB  npre- 
•enti  a  eteamer  with  the  regulation  li^ta.  It  UMwa  the 
proper  position  for  tbeae  Itghta,  in  ordw  to  obviate  the 
oonfiiaion  likely  to  arise  froin  the  Ourring  of  the  raji  of 
light  OTBT  the  bowB  of  the  vwael. 

Tha  following  are  the  Admiralty  Regolationa  which 
have  becD  adopted  since  1S40  by  all  maritime  natioui ; — 

A  bright  light  at  the  foremaat  bead,  graan  light  on  the 
atnrboArd  side,  rrd  light  OD  the  port  aide — to  bt  uaed 
when  under  wugh.  A  common  bright  light,  to  b«  need 
by  all  veeHeli  at  anchor.  The  green  and  rad  li^rtB  ai«  ao 
placed  at  the  side  of  the  veaael  that  the  laya  afUM  lampa 
caunot  cross  the  bows.  In  thii  nmnnwr  tt  ia  «aay  tt> 
asoertain  the  poHition  and  the  couiae  of  the  veMd,  and  to 
avoid  collision  with  her,  nucethe  coloured  li^ta  give  the 
moat  certMu  indication  as  to  whether  abe  ia  in  the  atar- 
board  or  larboard  tack. 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GEATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  Ifl  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  9.  &  P.  8  TO  21 


SpeoimBDfl  of  NorniflD,  Oothio,  and  Eliiabeth»n 
lockH,  and  omAraenta!  atael  Veyt  of  Toriaiia  «tyle«  uid 
psttaras.  Tlio  Gothic  lock  aud  key  an  bIiowd  in  the 
amiexed  cut. 


idrtiple  &nd  rim  locks, 
-proof  taSte,  for  bnnkera*  lino,  and  modAl 
veil  Hafe.     The  out  ghows  ths  Curm  and 
B  fii'eproof  safe. 


The  following  Rtatemcut  luw  been  pnblialied  by  Capt, 
Dmihun.  P.R.8.,  which  shoWB  utatiitically  the  iinport- 
looe  of  these  re^lntiona. 

C(>iue>)iiefic«  of  collimOD  at  sea  to  Britiab  itaamars  and 
Hiling-viwiels,  \»i5  to  ld49. 


TVrtit, 

Sniouriy, 

■nightly. 

z;« 

IM 

6.a 

;.-'^ 

2, ran 

life  anil  proportj  at  »ea.  Bpart  from  lusaeB  throufth  Inui 
uvigattuD  sod  ctreca  of  weather,  but  chiefly  oltributablo 
In  want  of  light*  and  look-out. 

Kand.  cabin,  and  deck  Uunpn,  yarioiu.  Carnage>roof 
Ump.  with  an  improTttd  retlector;  and  n  tricolour  baud 
luQp.  Railway,  tail,  and  aide  lamp*.  Engine  and  buffer 
UoifH.  Wheel.  Hoanhen',  and  wat^rtcauge  lam[ifl. 
Station  platfcHin  lampA  (regiatered).  Double  flcmaphom 
lamp,  a  *ub«titute  for  two  lamps. 

lU>le,  bracket,  and  back  lamps.  Reading  lampa.  Qif( 
anl  daah-iron  lampa.  Hand  and  night  lampo  and  lanteruK. 
Police,  pocket,  and  reflectiuK  laiitema,  for  reading  at 
Bii^i,  and  other  puipwea.  Imprnveil  stable  l-oiupa,  for 
•u^Moding  from  the  ceiling  or  wall.  Wax  illuniinatora. 
Al}  dT  a  peculiar  conBtniction,  having  short  separate  wickn, 
ii»C  i«il  of  ordinary  cottons. 


iiiQK  tin-  Koh  i  norr  dinu..™d.  Tlufl  case, 
it«d  in  the  luljoining  engraving,  contains 
iir  elovnting  and  deprtasing  the  diamond 
"'  '         isidered  to  be  impoaaible  to 


646  CmiBH  A  Sou,   57  SI.  I'.iuTi  CApirrAyir./— iBVentora, 
Patentees,  and  Manufacturers. 
SI  of  the  exhibitors'  patent  dntector  locks  and 
s  purposes.     The  cut  represents  thp 
le  of  th««  locks  and  ki>y. 


Sbadmeisiof 
IntchoB,  for  van 


664 


Class  22.--GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


rUKlTRO 


[The  locks  on  this  principle,  for  ordinary  purposes, 
have  each  six  sepcurate  and  distinct  moveable  tumblers  and 
a  detector.  If  a  surreptitious  attempt  be  made  to  open 
any  one,  immediate  notice  is  given  by  the  detector  on  the 
next  application  of  the  proper  key.  The  fire-proof  safes 
are  made  of  strong  wrought  iron,  lined  with  hard  steel 
plates,  and  the  chambers  all  round  are  filled  with  non- 
conductorB  of  heat.] 

647  Hat  WOOD,  J.,  &  Son,  20  St  Jameis  Walk,  and 

Suffolk  Street,  Clerkenicell — ^Manufacturers. 
Locks  used  by  cabinet-makers,  builders,  &c. ;  specimens 
of  gilding  and  engraving  i^pplicable  to  every  description 
of  femcy  brass  foundry. 

648  Mato  &  Bates,  Wolverhampton — Manufacturers. 
Door-lock  keys  in  difllsrent  stages  of  manufieu^ure. 

[Several  manufacturers  are  exclusively  occupied  in 
making  keys,  in  their  rough  state.  The  majority  are  pro- 
duced by  swages  or  points;  superior  qualities  are  from 
time  to  time  cast  of  malleable  iron  and  annealed.  They 
are  purchased  by  the  lock-makers,  and  cut  to  suit  the 
several  wards  in  the  locks  which  they  are  intended  for. — 
W.  C.  A.] 

649  The  Patent  Pointed  Screw  Cobipant, 

Wo/verAompton— Manufacturers. 
Patent-pointed  screws,   oast  out  of  malleable  iron, 
which  can  be  driven  into  wood,  without  borii^  holes. 

[The  peculiarity  of  these  screws  is  in  their  mode  of 
production.  Other  screws  are  formed  from  iron  wire, 
the  head  being  forced  up,  and  the  screw  cut  in  a  lathe 
in  use  for  the  purpose;  these  are  cast  in  sand,  and  are 
singular,  from  their  being  so,  and  from  the  compcurative 
sharpness  in  the  threads,  though  they  are  somewhat 
inferior  to  those  out  by  ordinary  method. — W.  C.  A.] 

649a  Huffer,  John,  20  Wilderness  Bow,  Clerhenvoell— 
Inventor  and  Manufiicturer. 

Detector  chest  lock;  a  false  key  is  retained  in  the  lock 
till  the  proper  key  is  brought  to  relieve  it. 

Chest  lock  with  secret  action.  Spring  latch,  padlock, 
locks  for  chests,  desks,  trunks,  portfoUos,  drawers,  and 
caipet  bags. 

650  BiGFOBD,  H.,  Wolverhampton — ^Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  detector-lock. 

650a     Foster,  Richard,  1  York  Place,  St.  Oeorg^s 

East — ^Inventor. 
Self-acting  detector  lock,  applicable  to  safes,  doors,  &c, 
A  person  attempting  to  open  uiis  lock  by  a  false  key,  can- 
not withdraw  the  key  wiUiout  injury, 

651  GoLLOP,  John,  Wellington  Fovmdry,  Charles  Street, 

City  Road — ^Manufactmrer. 
Patent  rising  and  non-rising  spring,  swing  and  other 
hinges  for  doors  or  gates. 

652  Gkrhei,  Fraiicm  Wuuak,  East  Road,  City  Road— 

InventcHT  and  MuiufiEtcturer. 

A  safety  lock,  of  which  it  is  believed  that  the  key  can- 
not be  copied. 

A  lock  of  simple  and  cheap  construction. 

A  simple  and  cheap  hinge,  with  spring,  to  close  a  door 
one  or  both  ways. 

653  Bramah  &  Co.,  124  PioM(ft//y->Inventor8  and 

Manufacturers. 

Brass  case  box  of  wards,  showing  the  security  of  the 
locks,  invented  by  the  exhibitors. 

Brass  case-lock,  exhibiting  the  number  of  changes  these 
locks  will  admit  of.    The  changes  are  computed  at  four 


hundred  and  seventy-nine  millions  one  thoosand  six  hun- 
dred. 

Copper  box  of  wards,  on  steel  plate,  for  iron  door. 

Four-bolt  brass  case  chest  lock.  Large  brass  padlock. 
Iron  case  two-sided  door  lock. 

Brass  case  book,  drawer,  spring-boXy  and  portfolio 
locks. 

Brass  barrel  padlock.  Prison-door  lock.  Two-aided 
street-door  lock.     Laive  iron  padlock. 

Brass  case  desk,  cupboard,  and  chest  locks.  Three-bolt 
portfolio  lock.  Brass  case  padlocks.  Link  plate  cup- 
board lock. 

Narrow  drawer  look.  Brass  case  closet  lock.  Thin 
spring  box  lock. 

Box,  out  cupboard,  book,  and  portmanteau  lo<^s. 

Very  fine  ornamental  iron  casting. 

654       GiBRONS,  James,  jun.,  Woharkampim-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  locks,  for  doors,  drawers,  pariL-gatan^  &c.,  in 
various  styU 


655     Carpenter  &  Tildeslet,  WiUenhall,  mar 
Wolverhampton — ManufiMstorars. 
Carpenter  and  Co.'s,  Sandera*,  Tildealey's,  and  Bullias* 
patent  locks.    Bock's  patent  Gothic  case  lodb.    Curry- 
combs, various  patterns.    Elastic  horse-sorapera. 

[The  most  ancient  locks  are  those  whidi  have  been  in 
use  in  Egypt  for  upwards  of  4,000  years,  the  similarity 
of  which  with  those  of  the  Faroe  Islands  is  siiiigular. 
The  most  ancient  lock  was  a  peg  lock  ;  its  outline  may 
be  seen  figured  among  the  hieroglyphic  representations 
on  Egyptian  tombs  and  temples. — ^W.  C.  A.] 

Registered,  and  other  latches.  Norfolk  thumb  mortise. 
New  designs  in  iron  and  brass  padlocks.  Door-boltn. 
Mortice  sash  locks  and  latches. 

[Wolverhampton  is  the  grand  centre  for  the  manu&c- 
ture  of  locks,  which  gives  employment  to  the  vast  popu- 
lation thickly  congregated  in  the  small  towns  of  Bilston, 
Bloxwich,  Willenhall,  Melsall,  and  other  hamlets  scattered 
around;  in  addition  to  this,  it  supports  no  small  number 
of  persons,  known  as  middle-men,  and  &ctors,  who  buy 
and  stock  the  locks  of  all  kinds  brought  to  them  by  the 
smaller  makers. — W.  C.  A.] 


656       Whitley,  John,  Ashton,  near  WarringUm — 

Manufeuiturer. 
Case  of  wrought-iron  hinges,  of  various  descriptions. 


657  Clark  &  Co.,  Shakspeare  Foundry,  WolteHkampiom 

— Patentees  and  Manufacturers. 

Pfttent  enamelled  ware     sauce-pans,  stew-pans,  pota, 
kettles,   frying-pans,  gridirons,   digesters,    hand-bMiiH^ 
bowhi,    bread-pans,    furnace-boilers,    ffithMifi,    atabln 
buckets,  watercloset-pans,  &c. 

Tables,  with  enamelled  tops,  iwftU'^^a^ri  of  naiUe,  and 
tiimed ;  patent  cast-irOb  hinges,  noflwi  mill,  and  orimping- 
machine. 

658  OflMOND,  George,  19  Somers  Place  East,  New  Road, 

St.  Pancras — Inventor. 

Improved  fittings  for  roller-blinds,  maps,  Ac.  Lock 
or  spring  latch,  with  bit  inside  the  pipe  of  key  instead 
of  outside.  Door-bolt,  extremely  difficult  to  nnfiwftfin  by 
those  unacquainted  with  its  action.  Sdf-aoting  bolts, 
for  double  doors,  made  so  as  not  to  admit  of  locking 
one  door  without  bolting  the  other.  Sash-fastener,  simi- 
lar to  a  barrel-bolt,  and  having  a  spring,  whidi,  when  in 
use,  prevents  the  sashes  making  a  noise. 

Patent  centres  for  swing  looking-glasses,  a  sabstitute 
for  knobs  on  the  outside  of  the  standard;  they  are  made 
in  two  parts,  one  of  which  is  fixed  on  the  edxe  of  the 
glass  frame,  and  the  other  on  the  standard,  to  that  when 
the  glass  is  put  into  its  place  between  the  standanla,  and 
a  small  lever  pressed  down,  it  is  securely  fixed  between 


KDroDOX.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27  ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


665 


tlie  •tandards;  the  centra  will  sastain  the  glass  in  any 
position.  Manufactured  at  Birmingham  by  Messrs. 
Chariton  Brothers. 


659  Tamemm,  Hekrt  Wiluam,  110  Strand^ 

Manufacturer. 
Large  brass  padlock  with  18  guards,  on  a  new  principle. 

660  HABunr,  O.,  Warwick  Street,  Wolverhampton'-' 

Manufiusturer. 
Flit«nt  detector  looks,  for  trunks,  ledgers,  drawers, 
evpetbags,  ftc.   _^_^^ 

661  CABTWRiasT,  Danixl^  Z««)^Proprietor. 
Aknn  lock;  on  an  attempt  being  made  to  pick  it,  a 

bell  rii^BpB,  and  when  the  bolt  is  shot  a  pistol  is  fired. 
By  moring  the  key  in  a  certain  direction  it  will  not  pass, 
and  the  lc€k  oannot  be  injured  by  turning  the  key  the 
wrong  way.  

663  AuBiif,  C,  Wolverhampton — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Spaciniens  to  illustrate  the  rise  and  progress  of  the  art 
of  making  locks,  containing  forty-four  different  move- 
ments by  the  most  celebrated  inventors  in  the  lock  trade. 

Seetioos  of  locks.  Letter-bag  locks  and  ledger-locks, 
ornamented  on  a  new  plan. 

LodL  and  key  so  small  as  to  be  contained  vdthin  half 
of  a  hemp-seed  husk ;  and  small  materials  for  locks,  by 
two  boys  of  fourteen,  Henry  and  Frederick  Aubin. 

Seeore  locks  and  latches  on  various  principles,  and  an 
original  method  of  ornamenting  tin  goods  and  panes  of 
glMi.  ^, 

664  YxvwB,  HsHSr,  St.  Johes  Square,  Wolverhamptoti— 

Inventor  and  Manu&cturef . 
Locks  for  trunks,  drawers,  fto. 


665     Lba,  WnxiAM  &  Jobn,  Woherhampt 

ManufBcturers. 

FlHleoers  for  sashes.  Alarm  bells  for  doors  or  shuttersi 
Stays  for  French  casements. 

Gothic  hinge,  hiindle  and  escutcheon.  Ornamental 
handles  for  loclu,  &c. 

Brass  bell  handles.  Latches  for  closot  doors  and 
shutters.  Brans  cabinet  locks.  Registered  double-action 
rack  bolts  and  lock,  suitable  for  French  casements,  cup- 
boards and  wardrobes;  also  for  hall,  warehouse,  and 
doors,  either  single  or  folding.  Model  showing  the 
registered  bolt.     Night  latches. 


666  Stiml,  J.,  Salop  St.,  Wolterhampton — Manufacturer. 
Engineers*  anvil,  smiths'  vice,  and  tinmen's  anvil. 

667  Whttehousb,  Cornelius,  &  Co.,  Wolverhampton 

— Inventors  and  Manufact\u*ers. 
Tnbsa  and  fittings  for  steam,  gas,  and  water. 
Piece  of  amalgamated  Swedish  iron,  for  gun -barrels. 

[The  exhibited  tube  is  deserving  of  notice,  as  the  first 
which  was  produced,  and  welded  without  the  aid  of 
internal  support.  Its  manufiu;ture  ntay  be  thus  de- 
scribed : — Iron  of  the  proper  thickness  is  cut  into  strips, 
turned  up  until  the  edges  nearly  meet ;  in  this  condition, 
the  tube  is  introduced  into  a  muffle,  and  when  sufficiently 
heated  is  welded  by  passing  through  a  pair  of  rolls  which 
is  placed  immediately  in  front  of  the  heating  apparatus. 
— W.  C.  A.] 

668  WiKDLE  &  Blyth,  W^<i&a//— Patentees  and 

Manufacturers. 
Model  of  Strutt's  patent  door  lock,  with  glass  front  to 
show  the  internal  mechanism.  Small  model  of  the  lock 
blowing  the  manner  in  which  the  quadrants  can  be 
changed,  and  a  new  key  fitted,  so  as  to  render  a  lost  one 
useleaa.  Cabinet  or  drawer  lock,  with  springs  on  the 
quadrants,  and  padlocks.     Registered  locks  for  drawers, 


Finished  steel  pocket  corkscrews,  with  various  useful 
instruments.     Steel  phial  screws. 

Patent  compensating  steel  pens,  of  lai^  barrel  shape. 
Various  steel  pens. 

Patent  penholder.  This  penholder,  which  is  fitted 
with  springs  upon  which  the  fingers  rest,  is  intended  to 
give  the  feeling  of  elasticity  to  the  person  using  the  steel 
pen  which  it  carries*    It  i«  shown  in  the  annesed  out. 


Wlndle  and  Blyth'a  Patent  Penholder. 


669  MoRETON  &  Lanoley,  22  Bmh  Lane,  City,  and 

Woherhamptoji — Proprietors. 

General  hardware,  for  building  and  household  purposes, 
including  locks,  and  other  articles,  as  prepared  for  home, 
colonial,  and  foreign  markets,  with  imitations  of  Spanish, 
Portuguese,  and  other  foreign  goods. 

[It  not  unfrequently  occurs  that  the  rude  articles  fabri- 
cated by  native  workmen  are  transferred  to  the  English 
manufacturers,  to  bo  copied  and  sold  to  the  inhabitants  of 
the  countries  in  which  the  originals  were  produced. — 
W.  C.  A.]  

670  Walters,  Benjamin  &  Philip,  100  North  Street, 

Wolverhampton — Manufacturers, 

Patent  locks  for  fumitiu^,  doors,  &c. 


671      Pearce,  W.,  50  Ifigh  Street,  Dumfries,  Scotland-^ 

Inventor. 
Safety-lock.  The  construction  of  the  fixed  wards 
renders  it  impossible  to  introduce  a  picklock  or  skeleton 
key.  Two  floating  wards  which  extend  toward  the  centre 
of  the  fixed  wards,  are  attached  to  prevent  a  picklock 
from  being  passed  ro\md  the  edge  and  circumferenoe  of 
the  fixed  wards.  The  main  bolt  has  three  protecting 
levers,  which  are  alternately  acted  upon  by  the  key.  Tlie 
upper  level  has  a  brass  bar  upon  the  escape  slot.  The 
main  bolt  has  three  projections  to  the  front  edge  of  the 
lock ;  and  there  is  a  second  bolt,  thrown  by  the  same 
key  with  two  projections  betwixt  the  two  hinges,  pre- 
venting any  dependence  on  the  hinges. 


072     Mitchell,  John,  Redruth,  Comvall — Inventor. 
Improved  pistol.     Newly-invented  safe  lock. 


666 


CLA88  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE, 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  O.  9,  &  P.  3  TO  29. 


[Uhitkd 


673  Lewis,  George,  ffigh  Cross  Street,  Leicester — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Lock  with   newly-invented  circular  levers  and  self- 
dividing  bitted  keys — which  precludes  the  picking  of  the 
lock,  or  any  improper  use  of  an  impression  fh>m  the  key. 

674  HoRTOK,  Amos,  Ashburtonf  Devon — ^Inventor. 

Safety-locks  on  a  new  principle,  applicable  for  all  kinds 
of  doors,  dock  gates,  &c. 

675  Downs,  William,  Long  Mel/ord,  near  Sudbury,  Suffolk 

— Manufacturer  and  Inventor. 
Improved  twelve-bolt  look,  adajpted  for  plate-chests, 
banking-houses,  &c.  The  lock  is  fastened  on  the  centre 
of  a  door,  three  bolts  shooting  each  way.  After  the  key 
is  withdrawn,  when  locked,  the  interior  is  secured  by 
springs  and  rising  bolts,  to  prevent  its  being  picked. 

676  Thrupp,  H.  J.,  5  George  Street,  Orosvenor  Square 

— Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  hinges  of  different  patterns.    These  are 
rising  hinges,  and  are  constructed  on  Collinge's  patent. 
The  cut  represents  a  simple  and  an  ornamental  form, 
with  the  ball  and  socket  jomt  of  the  hinge. 


Emi^ 


Tlinipp's  Patent  Collinge  Htnge*. 

Axles  upon  Collinge's  patent.  The  cut  shows  this 
axle  at  a  with  the  collar  on,  and  at  6  with  the  same 
removed.  

676a   Grebnpield,  J.,  sen.,  10  Broad  Street^  Golden 
Square — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Model  of  door  with  anti-friction  lock  and  latch,  and 
double  seciu%  bolt,  to  cause  the  door  to  shut  with  little 
friction  and  noise. 


677  Boulter,  Benjamin,  JltUl — Inventor. 

New  back-fastener  for    window-shutters,   in  various 
.forms.  

678  Barnwell,  T.,  &  Son,  46  Bishop  Street,  Dublin 

— Manufiicturers. 

Wrought-iron  double-cased  safe,  with  two  drawers, 
and  double  doors  with  secret  lock,  which  cannot  be  opened 
by  the  key,  unless  the  secret  be  known. 

Ornamental  hall-door  lock.  Secret  brass  desk  lock. 
Iron-rim  lock,  for  prisons,  &c. 

679  WissoN,  Richard,  5  Coburg  Street — Inventor 

and  Maker. 
Secret  drawn  look,  which,  unless  its  internal  arrange- 
ment be  known,  cannot  be  opened  with  the  key.     Pa^- 
lock,  with  kev.     Secret  padlock,  like  the  drawn  lock,  to 
act  with  dial  hands. 


680  Boobbyer,  Joseph  Hctrst,  14  Stanhope  Street,  Clare 

Market — Manufacturer. 

External  and  internal  Venetian  ventilators. 

Rim  locks,  in  or-molu  cases.     Bolt,  richly  chased  in 
or*moIu.     Three-bolt  mortice  and  rim  locks.  Dead  locks. 

Bright  boxes  of  wards  and  keys,  with  a  variety  of  other 
locks,  fastenings,  &c. 


681  Bamber,  Jobs,  kSov,  27  Wood  St.,  WetimmMter^ 
Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Improved  mortice  night  bolt,  for  bed,  dresnog,  and 
bath  rooms,  to  enable  persons  in  bed,  or  in  a  bath,  to 
fasten  and  unfasten  the  door. 


682    Tatlob,  J.,  &  Son,  Loughborough,  Leieestertkire — 

Manufitcturers. 

Two  bells,  with  hangings  and  framework,  posseasiiig 
tones  as  melodious  as  single  notes,  and  also  attunable  with 
the  greatest  accuracy  to  any  extent  of  scale  required. 
The  largest  is  4  ft.  2|  in.  diameter ;  note,  E  flat ;  weiriit, 
21  cwt.  2  qrs.  The  smallest  2  ft.  6i  in. ;  note,  E  flat, 
octave  higher  than  the  lai^  one;  wei^is  6  cwt. 

Hangings  for  the  bells,  constructed  upon  an  entirelj 
new  invention ;  the  gudgeons  of  the  laige  bell  being  fitted 
in  a  cast-iron  bed. 

Plan  of  cast-iron  foaming,  hr  superior  fai  respect  to  the 
whole  practice  of  bell-hanging.  The  brass  steps  can  be 
adjusted  with  precision,  and  mil  not  vary  as  given  to  do 
when  in  wood. 


683 


MuBPHT,  John,  15  Thomas  Street,  Dublk 
Manufaoturer. 
Two  church  bells,  weighing  respectively  about  28  cwt. 
and  7  cwt.,  Thev  answer  to  the  first  and  last  in  a  peal 
of  ei^t  bells,  and  in  bell-musio  are  called  the  treble  and 
the  tenor  of  the  peal,  both  are  what  is  technically  called 
"  maiden  bells,"  that  is,  cast  in  tune  from  the  funiaoe 
without  any  artificial  tuning  or  chipping.  They  after- 
wards form  a  perfect  octave,  the  note  being  D. 

[Bells  were  anciently  called  Nolso  and  Campaus,  from 
their  invention  by  Paulinus,  bishop  of  Kola,  in  Cam- 
pania, about  A.D.  400.  In  610,  a  French  army  was 
frightened  away  from  the  siege  of  Sens  by  the  ringing  of 
St.  Stephen's  church  bells.  The  ringing  of  chaages  is 
peculiarly  English,  but  the  date  of  their  origin  is  not 
ascertained;  some  of  the  most  celebrated  peals  woe  in- 
vented by  one  Patrick,  a  barometer-maker,  1726.  Tbe 
peaLs  of  many  churches,  including  those  of  St.  DunstanV 
in-the-East,  St.  Bride's,  and  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fieldri, 
were  cast  by  Abraham  Rudhall,  of  Qlouoester,  1684. — 
H.  E.  D.] 

684        Mears,  C.  &  G.,  267  Whitechapel  Boad^ 

Manufacturers. 
Hemispherical  bell,  five  feet  in  diameter,  produeing  a 
deeper  tone  from  the  same  quantity  of  metal  than  bells 
of  the  ordinary  shape. 


685    SoBEY,  WiLUAM  R.,  Queen  Strtet,  Exeter — 

Manufacturer. 
Silver  gravy,   table,  dessert,   tea  and  other  spoons; 
knives  and  forks,  sugar-sifters,  sugar-tongs,  &c.    Model 
of  machine  and  dies. 


686    Featham,  Milleb,  &  Sayer,  9  Clifford  l^rett. 
Bond  Street — Designers  and  Manunoturers. 

A  variety  of  fire  grates,  stoves,  fenders,  &o. 

Locks,  keys,  finger-plates,  door-handles,  sonpera,  and 
knockers;  bell  levers,  fire-irons,  kc. 

Specimens  of  wrought-iron  gate-work  and  cast-iron  rail- 
ings, sundry  castings. 


687     Perry  &  Co.,  Bed  Lion  Square ^hiYeiaion. 
Various  specimens  of  steel  pens. 


688      Aldbidge,  James  Major,  20  Nelsom  Street, 

City  Road — Inventor. 
Double-action  spring  centre  and  top  pivot,  showing  a 
portion  of  a  door  fixed  in  shoe,  with  the  spring  as  fixed  in 
the  floor;  adapted  for  doors  of  any  dimension,  and  such 
as  open  both  ways;  executed  in  metal,  having  steel  rollers^ 
and  case-hardened  eccentric. 


KlKODOM.] 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  O.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27 ;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


667 


690         BoDons,  Joseph,  &  Sons,  Sheffield— 

Manu&cturera. 

Sportaman's  knife,  oontaining  eightr  blades  and  other 
inatnimenta,  ornamented  with  views  of  different  cities  and 
other  objects ;  the  handle,  12  inches  long,  made  of 
mother-of-peari,  carred  with  a  boar-hunt  on  one  side,  and 
the  death  of  the  stag  on  the  other,  from  designs  by 
Wehnert. 

Sportsman's  knife  with  mother-of-pearl  handle,  con- 
tainmg  ftfty-six  blades  and  other  instruments,  and  is  only 
ihrse-q|iiari8rs  ot  an  inch  long. 

flpenmwn  of  cutlery  in  mother-of-pearl,  containing 
1851  blades  and  other  mstruments. 

Ckrving  knife  and  fork,  with  ivory  handles,  58  inches 
long;  the  same  1^  inch  long. 

Fsir  of  sdssorsy  44  inches  long,  with  ornamental  g^t 
bows,  with  the  blades  etched  with  different  views. 

Mintators  soiHorB,  complete,  which  do  not  weigh  half 
amin. 

Norfolk  raaor,  with  cocoa-wood  handle,  the  blade 
etched  with  a  view  of  Arundel  Castle. 

^Mcimeos  of  cutlerr,  carved  in  mother-of-pearl,  con- 
taining 150  blades,  and  a  timepiece  in  the  centre. 

TbbTe,  dessert,  and  carving-knives  and  forks,  with 
handles  of  various  materials  and  designs,  complete. 

Dessert  or  fruit-knives  and  forks,  with  plated  and  silver 
blades. 

Cake  and  j^ne-carvers,  with  plated  and  silver  blades, 
fitted  tn>  in  eases, 

Fish-knhres  and  forks,  ornamented  in  plated  metal  and 
nlver,  fitted  in  cases. 

Registered  and  other  bread-knives,  with  plain  and 
carved  wood  and  ivory  handles. 

%»ecfanens  of  pen  and  pocket-knives  of  every  descrip- 
tion, including  pi4>er  and  desk  or  office-knives. 

Kinvee  made  for  the  American  market;  and  for  hunting, 
shooting;,  fisbing,  deer-stalking,  &c. 

Specimens  of  American  bowie-knives,  Spanish  knives, 
dagger%&c 

Knives  for  culinair  purposes,  as  meat,  oyster,  omon, 
bread-and-butter,  and  cneese-knives. 

Knives  used  in  various  tradee,  as  butchers,  ahoemakere, 
glazien,  painters,  gardeners,  farriers,  &c. 

Specimens  of  seiseore  of  every  variety. 

Razors  of  various  descriptions,  including  some  with 
handles  of  horn,  ornamented  with  gold  by  a  new  process. 

Needle-threaders,  bv  means  of  which  elderly  and  short- 
■ightetl  persons  noay  thread  small  needles  with  ease. 

Pen-machines,  for  making  pens  at  one  stroke. 

Specimens,  showing  the  several  stages  of  manufacture 
of  the  different  articles,  from  the  raw  material  to  the 
finiithed  goods. 

[Sheffield  has  long  been  celebrated  for  its  cutlery;  so 
far  back  ss  1296,  the  town  was  noted  for  its  iron  manu- 
factories **  for  falchion  heads,  arrow  piles;"  and  Chaucer 
immortalises  the  locality,  by  introducing  one  of  his  cha- 
racters as  being  in  possession  of  a  "  Shefeld  thwytle." 

In  the  manufacture  of  cutlery  three  kinds  of  steel  are 
ixi*^l,  via.,  common,  shear,  and  cast  Hteel.  Shear  steel  is 
in  general  used  for  table-knives,  scythe,  and  e<lge  toolfl. 
From  cast  steel,  which  is  susceptible  of  a  fine  polish,  pen- 
knives, scissors,  razors,  &c.,  are  made. 

Table-knives  are  thus  forged.  Two  men  are  engaged  in 
the  operation.  The  uniform  size  of  the  thick  part  which 
fits  against  the  handle  is  produced  >)y  swages  ;  the  blade 
in  tempered  by  being  plunged  into  cold  water  ;  it  is 
then  **  brought  back  to  a  blue  colour,"  and  is  then  in  a 
condition  to  be  ground. 

Forks  are  forged  out  of  steel,  the  tang  and  Hhank  bt>ing 
roughly  formed  ;  a  portion  is  left  to  form  the  prongH 
which  is  flattened,  and  these  then  by  dies  which  work 
in  a  stamp,  a  blow  from  which  imj)roHscs  the  prongn, 
leaving  a  little  superfluous  metid  between,  which  is  re- 
moved by  cutting  out  at  a  press;  they  are  then  hardened 
and  tempered. 


Penknives  are  forged  by  a  single  hand :  the  blade  is 
first  drawn  out;  a  portion  is  left  at  the  cutting  off  to  form 
the  part  which  is  operated  upon  by  the  spring,  as  also  to 
assist  in  holding  when  undergoing  the  grinding  process; 
the  small  nail  mark  is  given  by  a  chisel ;  they  are  har- 
dened in  cold  water,  and  tempered  on  an  iron  plate. — 
W.  C.  A.] 

691    MoTTRAM  &  Hawkins,  15  Carr  Zone,  Sheffield^ 

Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  shoe,   butchers',  cooks',  weavers', 
bread,  palette,  putty,  glaziers',  and  fiEurriers'  knives,  &c. 


691a    Pebrt,  R.,  &  Son,  Temple  Street,  Wolverhampton 

— Manufacturers. 
Jelly  moulds,  assorted  patterns;  allblaze,  steak,  and 
fish  dishes;  soup  tiu-een;  dish-covers;  hash  dishes  and 
frames;  kettles  and  stands;  tea-kettles;  coffee  machines, 
pots,  and  filterers;  tea-pots;  chocolate  pot  and  mill; 
carriage,  foot,  and  stomach  warmers;  cheese  toasters; 
egg  poachers;  saucepans;  egg  oodlers;  water  boilers;  wine 
strainer  and  muller;  flour  and  pepper  boxes;  soup  ladle; 
slices;  baster;  fish  knife;  large  bowl;  vegetable  dish; 
gravy  strainer;  baking  dishes;  sandwich  boxes;  botanical 
boxes;  nursery  lamps;  spittoons;  sugar  boxes;  canisters; 
hot-water  and  beer  jugs;  lamps  and  lanterns;  wash-hand 
basins  and  jugs;  inkstands;  almanack  case;  knife,  spoon, 
and  cheese  ^ys;  card  racks;  date  cases;  spice  boxes; 
toast  racks;  tea  caddies;  bread  and  cake  baskets;  envelope 
and  paper  box;  tea  trays,  &c. 


692 


LoRKiN,  JosiAH,  68  BoMmghatl  Street — 
Inventor. 
Patent  egg-beater. 


693  Lee,  George,  9^  Church  Street,  Paddingtcn — Inventor 

and  ManufiEM^urer. 

Spring-shank  self-adjusting  button. 

Embossing  iron,  a  new  mode  of  appljring  heat  to  finish 
manufactiu-ed  woollens,  linens,  cottons,  silks,  satins, 
velvets,  &c. 

694  Knight  &  Foster,  5  Ea^tcheap — Inventors. 

Steel  pens,  of  various  designs,  in  boxes. 
Bank  of  EIngland  pons.     Swan  pens. 
Correspondence  pens.     Anti-corrosive  pens. 


695    Barron,  Francis,  &  Son,  436  West  Strand-  - 

Proprietors. 
A  variety  of  locks  for  doors,   drawers,  safes,  &c.,  on 
various  principles.     Fancy  keys. 


696     Britten,  John,  28  AlcesUm  Sireeiy  Birmingham — 

Inventor. 

Improved  range,  combining  the  advantages  of  the  or- 
dinary close  range  and  oven  grate,  with  facilities  for  roast- 
ing, baking,  and  Htewing. 

Sectional  model  of  the  improved  range,  with  description 
appendeil. 

Small  model  of  a  meat-hastener,  for  roasting  two  or 
more  joints,  at  one  time,  before  a  narrow  fire. 

An  ash-guanl,  for  preventing  the  ashes  from  falling 
into  the  dripping-pan. 

A  steam  kettle,  with  description  appended. 

An  api>aratus,  which,  use<l  in  connection  wth  the 
improve<l  range,  is  said  to  convert  liard  water  into  soft. 

A  vertical  n)artting  j»ick,  Hiinplo  of  construction.  A 
Hlight  rotary  impulse  from  the  hand  about  once  an  hour, 
is  Hufficient  to  work  it. 

An  improved  door-fastening,  in  which  the  latch-bolt 
is  liberatetl  by  wniply  pulling  the  handle  on  one  side  of 
the  door,  or  punhing  it  on  the  other. 

The  Stanhope  door-spring.  The  same  apparatus  in 
brass,  with  the  case  partially  remove<l,  to  show  its  action. 


CLAse  22.— GENEBAL  HABDWABE, 
L.  M.  N.  0. 18  TO  20,  &  26  TO  27;  0.  9,  &  P.  8  to  29. 


697    BouE,  J.  F.,  11  &  12  Wellingttifi  Quag,  Dubim— 
Inventor. 
Hodel  of  signal  po«t,  u  adopted  b;  the  Great  Southern 
■Dd  Weateni  RmIwb;  Compan; ,  Ireland. 


ItUb  Rdn;  81(1*1  Pom. 


Fig.  1,  reprseents  a  signal  poat  on  the  Qreat  Southern 
and  Weatam  Railwa;,  Ireland,  after  having  been  altered 
from  oua  of  ths  preTioui  conatrucldon,  by  removing  the 
crown  wheeU,  teocketa.  Sec.,  and  adding  a  few  feet  to 
the  vertical  woiMng  rod,  and  the  coloured  glaaa  and  its 
fittings,  one  of  the  lampa,  aomewhatoltersd,  being  placed 
on  the  top,  and  the  other  diapenaed  with ;  bj  thia  ar- 
tsngement  all  requiaite  aigoala  are  given  with  one  lamp 
only,  which  being  itaelf  motionleis,  ia  leag  liable  to  acci- 
dent or  disturbance  of  the  light  than  turned  round. 
Thua  one  half  of  the  eipenaee  of  oil  and  wick,  and  more 
than  one  half  of  that  of  repaiia,  glaaa,  kc,,  is  saved,  n 
and  b,  two  cdrcular  diaca  of  green  and  red  glnas  which 
nre  connected  with  tha  upright  rod  d  by  t£e  crank  e, 
■o  U  to  have  motion  aimultaneoua  with  that  of  the  index 
arm,  which  is  worked  m  the  usual  □uLoner  bv  the  handle 
below. 

lilgi.  S  and  3,  lighting-oaae,  in  which  the  burner  of  the 
lamp  is  plaoed  to  protect  it  ttata  bong  extinguished  by  the 
weather  while  bemg  oarried  and  placed  in  the  lanthom. 
The  lamp  portly  ahown  at  /  la  placed  (when  lighted)  in 
the  case  c,  the  alids  A  (which  is  represented  partly  with- 
drawu)  is  closed,  and  the  whole  being  carried  to  the  top 
of  the  post,  the  nose  of  the  caae  i  ia  placed  opposite  the 
door  of  the  lanthom,  and,  being  pushed  forward,  ia 
made  to  enter  until  the  spring  latch  jl  is  made  to  oatch, 
which  holds  the  caae  in  its  place  firmly,  while  the  lamp  /, 
being  pushed  forward  by  ita  handle  m,  ia  guided  into  ite 
proper  place  in  the  lanthom,  the  apring  latch  k  is  then 
liberated  by  depreaaing  I,  the  empty  case  detached,  the 
door  of  the  lanthom  is  closed. 

Signal  lanthom,  with  improved  burner. 

Lighting  case,  for  introducing  ths  lamp  into  tha  lan- 
thom in  high  winds. 

Table  lamps,  with  [dllars  made  of  bos  oak. 

Two  hand-fdgnol  lajnpa,  the  one  with  white  and  red 
glass  for  railway  guards,  and  the  other  having  white, 
green,  and  red  glass  for  policemen,  tec,,  on  railways. 

The  advantages  of  lam]^  thus  constmcted  are  greater 
certainty  and  quickness  m  giving  sigEials,  better  light, 
security  from  accidents  or  derangement,  and  greater  fa- 
dlity  for  repairing  or  glowig  than  those  of  tha  ordinary 
•rat.    RepstAred. 


<98     CoTTAM  Jk  HiLUK,  3  nnuby  fflrwl— InnntoiB 

and  Hanu&ctums. 

Iron  gates  auitable  for  a  pail  entranoe.    An  attempt 

D  imitate  the  andent  wrooght  iron  galea  at  small  oon, 

'  ing  wrought  and  i 


t,ft«u 


700     HiiDMAN,  JoHM,  ft  Co.,  Ortat  Chorltt  Strtrt, 


Wrought-iron  grate,  with  brass  and  flre-troB*  ;  tlie 
me,  mounted  with  braaa  ;  patterns  of  fumitun  for 
■on,  cabinets,  wardrobes,  &e.,  in  Wrou^rt-irMl  and 
saa.    ToriaUB  articlea  in  brass  and  metal,  for  domsstie 

and  ornamental  poipoeea.     Caaket  of  jevdlery,  oonoist. 
g  of  girdle,  brooehaa,  crossea,  sarrings,  Ac. 
[Much  of  the  older  wrought-iron  woA  ia  Ugfaly  ia- 

t«reating.    Twisted  qiedmena  ate  made  by  twisting  tha 
round  whan  in  •  heatad  state;  oomplex  scroUa, 

dowers,  &«.,  are  made  in  portioDS,  and  fitted  together. 
■W.  C.  A.]  

700a       Llots  &  Sdmmbkfikus  Birmbtgliam — 

Honubcturers. 


701       Waitob,  F.,OldB 

Konnfacturer. 

Papier  machd  trays,  with  viswa  <rf  Windsor  Castla, 
Holyiood,  and  Qlen^uiflT;  the  Seasons,  and  sosmss  from 
Ratmoh's  "  Outlines  of  Faust,"  with  vaiious  omanMsita. 
Louis  QuatoTze  ornaments  aikd  figuraa,  aftar  Watteko. 
Shell  and  sea-weed  border,  with  marina  views,  &o. 

Papier  maohj  loo-table,  tassa,  cabinet,  and  vasss,  inlaid 
and  omaoiented.    Wattean  coal  vaae,  and  Stoflbrd  oooop. 

Patent  enamelled  foot-hath,  ttulet-pail  and  con,  printed 
in  colours. 

Block-tin  dish-covers.    Kettles  and  stands,  brausd. 

Patent  enamelled  apong^  and  milk  poos. 

[The  application  of  enamel  coating  to  t^et  aerrioM  is 
but  of  recent  date,  and  ia  a  great  improrament  orar  tha 
ordinary  painting.  Such  Wares  ar«  orMDMtited  by  tha 
transfer  procets,  viz.,  by  printing  from  oaiq>«r  platea  or 
rolleTs  on  psfwr,  and  then  transferring  the  si 
utensil  to  be  adorned  (in  the  sa 
in  ths  biaoult  state  ia  ornamented).— W.  C.  A.] 


702     Hanboh,  GBosaE,  ffmldenffield—htTmUit. 

Dry  gas-meter.    Wator-olotat.     Four  oocks,   p 
for  water  or  other  fluid. 


703  Nom,  AuciA,  2a  WtOeek  Slrttt,  Caenditi  Sqaan 
— Ifonufactnier. 
New  method  and  apparatus  for  warming  aevatal  ^lart- 
ments  from  an  ordinary  domeatic  fire,  ^d  Tssitilsitiag. 
Wanning  rulway  and  private  cairiagea,  halls,  conaerva- 
toriee,  waiehousea,  shops,  ships'  oabms,  &i].,  wtthoat  Ara 
therein. 


ilothes  ai  .       .  _ 

ith  boiling  coppers,  tubs  or  pails,  e^ialile  of  washing 
fifty  doien  of  clothes  a  day,  without  tear  or  wear  o^ 


Apparatus  for  dicing  and  airing  clotbea  and  bbtioa. 


705    TaoMPSon,  T.  H.,  C.E.,  23  P 

Watmiiata — Patentee. 

Specimens  of  ball-valveo,  which  cannot  become  ftlad 

so  as  to  produce  either  a  fiood  or  a  deficiency  of  water. 

The   peipendioular  principle  with  compensating  valve 

inside,  fits  them  for  action  under  any  prsBoiw.    ^tej 


INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L.  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  TO  27 ;  0.  8,  &  P.  S  T 


implste  wHh  OTiritbout  mier,  and 
if  •   •elf-afting  weighted 
a  the  olooest  position  till 
gquinto  wsigbt  haa  aooumulated,  when  it  initea- 
lUf  drop*,  dischargea  i(a  oaatenta,  aod  ■■  qnicUj 
eiosaa.    Tbs  pan  cloaca  aninat  ■  ring  of  Tvloaniied  India- 
nibbar,  which  forma  an  air-ljght  joint,  at  all  tiin«a. 


KHwnj,  WnjjAM,  IS  C^rlotte  Street, 
Blv^rian  Soad — Inventor. 
_  1  portabia  dotneatio  n^ur  bathi  it  oonsiata 

of  a  raoeptaele  for  water  or  any  mMicated  fluid,  which  ia 
baatod  hj  a  ipirit  lamp;  whan  hot,  the  vapour  eacaua 
from  the  aidM  of  aavtnl  littla  tubaa  with  Oat  expanded 
lopa,  by  mnana  e(  which  it  ia  equally  diatiibuted,  '"■'•■■■■^ 
of  nadDg  up  in  a  aingla  jet;  there  la  alao  an  elaatic  tube 
which  tnaj  M  fixed  to  one  of  the  fluea  in  the  t«p  of  the 
bath,  the  olhera  baing  cloaed,  by  meana  of  which 
n  be  ifipUad  loeally.    The  aanazed 


,  r  recoptacle)  for  con- 
taininf;  water  or  any  medicnted  Suid;  c,  the  lamp  hy 
which  it  is  hented;  ddJd,  the  Buea  through  which  the 
vapour  riiKe;  r,  caps  for  placiiiK  on  the  fluee  in  order 
■e  quickly  generated;  /,  the 
■       ■  jinbe 

oally; 


l><l  or  ( 


Gl«t,  \>y  Diean<  of  which  vajxiura  may  be  n]j]ilieil 
I,  tubn  with  flat-eipAiided  tops,  by  means  of  w 
iHpuur  can  be  miire  equally  diiwcmiuated. 


Tjj      IvticakT,  F.  L..  2«  stnmii- 
Muiufnvturer. 
Improved  bediitesdii  and  bod  for 
ratui  for  heating  laundry  irona. 

7i'2    MioiD,  Kdwin,  a70  Osfi«rd ; 


^(/■rrf— Proprietor. 
tS*t-iron  two  iitovc,  adniittiDg  unobstructed  vortica 
rmdiation;  imoko  dcMctinding. 


793      HVMUT,  WlLLlAK.  'i"  Ji.hn  Slr>vl,  AJtlphi— 
lnvent<rr  and  Miuiufacturer. 
Self-cleaniiing  tubular  filter. 
Cumprtmating  ball  fur  boll  tapa,  with  t^  complete. 


r!>4  LiSB,  W.  H.,  a-Jii  5(r.in.;— Inventor. 

KciDouiic  pcrcolat-ir,  or  iinprovcil  registered  coBct 


7 !>.=i  Hakuot,  Wiluaw,  89  Flitt  Siriv(— Miuinfiictiirtr. 
PUtform  weighing  machine,  with  the  priiicij>lo  of  tlic 
dial  weighing  uiacliine  attached,  hIiowIiik  at  the  name 
T»-in«it  the  weights  of  vorioun  Kitmpenn  ciiuntries. 
IrioJ  w«)cfaing  Rucfiioe  with  jointed  iron  Hcalc  ami  cuiii- 
(•'■uhI  lever  breckat,  as  uAed  at  railway  statinns.  lli.it 
' '    t,  with  hooks  for  agricultural  pnrpises, 


lewltb 

Domeatia  telegn^h  for  communicating  between  rooma 

Dynamometer  for  aaoertaining  the  draught  of  a  plon^, 
carnage,  or  horse. 
Hileometer  fbr  meaauring  diatancea  from  1  mile  to 

,000  milM. 


Spring  roaatinK-JBc^. 
Machine  for  auowing  1 


r,  E.  T.,  «  Qerrani  Strtel,  Moiglim-- 

ir-faath,  combining  bath 


797     Duoit,  J.,  &  So.Nt,  £A«i)!<'i{— HanufiM^urera. 
Powder  and  pistol  flaaks,  ahot  pouchea,  drinking  flaaka, 
;.,  in  precious  and  other  metala. 


Sluice-cocks  and  valvea  for  the 
twisterii  _ 
of  public  buildinga,  fto. 


Check  indicator,  for 


.  pattema 
ing  and  delivering  i^Mcka 


Registered  and  patented  p;lnsfl  ventilating  bricka  and 
windows,  for  hoenitAls,  foctorieH,  dairies,  &c. 

A.  see  of  imperial  stondanl  weighte  and  meaaurea,  from 
1  bushel  to  t  a  gill,  and  from  56  lb.  to  i  ox.  Imperial 
yard  measure.  A  set  of  weighte  and  measures  adjusted 
to  the  pm]toiH)d  de<:iinal  syrteni.    A  set  of  wine  nieasurea. 

Bronzed  and  electro-plated  tea.uma  and  coSee-pote  of 
novel  patterns. 

Various  tamps  for  burning  camphine,  common  oil, 
sperm  oil,  and  l^almer's  cHudlos.     Fancy  can<llBt<tickB. 

Patent  counter  beer  and  cider  engines.    Garden  Kyringea. 

Moilol  jajAnned  copper  bath,  with  three-nay  cnck,  for 
the  niqiply  of  hot  and  cold  water,  and  copper  boiler  for 
the  lame. 

A  set  of  stewpana,  saucepans,  cutlet,  omelet,  and  frying 

Bain-Marie  pan  and  littinf^.    Stock  pot.   Tiirbot-kettle. 

Kinh-kuttlcK;  brass  pi>K  kettles:  kettles  and  stands. 

A  Kt  of  1.',  musical  bond-bellH,  kc. 

A  set  of  6(i  musical  hand-lHlls,  sot  to  the  chromatic 
ncnie  from  ¥  in  the  boss  to  F  in  the  treble  clef. 

Shi[i  water-closet,  self-supplying  [uui. 

Wnter-clnset,  with  double-action  ]>ump,  requiring  no 
cistern  above.     India-rubber  valve  closet. 

Patent  ship  closet,  callable  of  working  below  the  level 
of  the  sea. 

I'atcnt  pan  closet,  roquiring  no  cistern  or  vnlve  appa- 
ratim.  Jvnaing's  patent  jah  closet.  The  uliove  articles 
are  mostly  the  patent  inventiona  of  the  exhibitors,  and 
are  uumufactured  at  their  eatablishment. 


670 


Class  22.— GENERAL  HARDWARE,  INCLUDING  LOCKS  AND  GRATES. 
L  M.  N.  0.  18  TO  20,  &  25  to  27;  0.  9,  &  P.  3  to  29. 


799       Wheeleb,  C,  Birmingham—  Mamifaoturer. 
Specimens  of  pearl  buttons. 


800  De  ul  Pons.  John  Palmer,  13  Carlton  Hill, 

St,  John's  Wood — ^Inventor  and  Patentee. 

A  lock,  with  a  bolt  that  links  into  the  striking-plate, 
which  can  be  easily  changed  every  day  to  prevent  its 
being  picked.    Smaller  lock. 

Model,  representing  a  room  with  invisible  fSastenings, 
for  security  against  duiger. 

A  sash-rastener,  which  draws  the  sashes  together,  to  pre- 
vent them  firom  rattling,  and  locks  them  at  the  same  time. 
Model,  showing  the  application  and  arrangement  of  the 
bolts.  Novel  mode  of  protection  for  bedroom  or  other 
doors,  adapted  for  persons  living  in  secluded  situations. 

801  Jones,  J.,  &  Co.,  Sheffield — Manufacturers. 
Rust  preventive  composition.    Samples  of  steel  goods 

which  have  been  exposed  to  the  weather,   the  bright 
parts  having  been  preserved  with  the  composition. 

802  Robertson,  Car&.  &  Strbl»  Chantry  Works, 

Shej^ld — ^Manufacturers. 

Ornamental  cast-iron  mantelpiece,  white  and  gilt,  with 
burnished  steel  grate,  the  fire-bridL  without  a  bottom 
grate,  in  order  to  economise  the  fuel. 

Ornamental  cast-iron  mantelpiece,  in  Berlin  black,  with 
dining-room  grate  complete.  Another,  with  new  arrange- 
ment of  fire-grate.  Provisionally  registered.  Another, 
with  brass  ornaments,  and  register  grate  complete. 

Bright  drawing-room  grate.  Burnished  steel  drawing- 
room  grate.  A  similar  one,  with  gilt  ornaments.  Brass 
fenders,  some  with  buniished  steel.  Sets  of  polished  fire- 
irons,  with  brass  and  steel  heads,  plain,  twisted,  and 
octagon  patterns. 

804  Eennard,  R.  W.,  Falkirk  Iron  Works,  Falkirk,  and 

67  Upper  Thames  Street,  London — Manufacturer. 
Self-acting  kitchen  langes;  self-acting  cottage  range. 
Register  grates.  Arms  of  the  United  Kingdom — ^with  the 
proper  shields  and  crests,  upon  pedestal,  with  inscription. 
Arms  of  England.  Various  omamenteJ  castings.  Vase 
and  pedestal,  for  the  floor. 

805  Bailt,  William,  ft  Sons,  70  Oracechurch  Street — 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Pedestal  stove,  with  ascending  or  descending  flue, 
suitable  for  halls,  vestibules,  or  pubUo  rooms;  with  bronzed 
candelabra  on  the  top  for  gas,  manufactured  in  wrought 
and  oast-iron,  and  brass  and  enamelled  slate. 

Fire-place  of  coloured  marbles,  with  stove,  suitable  for 
reception  rooms,  saloons,  &c.,  manufactured  of  porcelain, 
burnished  steel,  wrought  and  cast-iron,  and  brass. 


A  piece  of  oast  ornamental  iron  woik,  suitable  for  bal- 
cony or  screen. 

Gothic  chandelier  for  gas;  and  pedestal  lamp. 

A  glass  case  containing  old  Engliiih  door  handles,  locks, 
bell  pulls,  ftc. 

Gothic  stove,  with  ascending  or  descending  flue,  suit* 
able  for  public  buildings,  &c. 

A  Gothic  fire-dog,  an  Eliaabethan  firenlog,  and  an  or- 
namental fire-dog,  with  brass  shield. 


806  Oylet,  Whjjam,  ft  Co.,  Parkgate  Steel  Works, 

Rotherham — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  steel  suitable  for  en^eering,  tool-making, 
spindles,  &c. ;  also  for  carriage-springs  of  every  descrip- 
tion.   

807  Chambebs,  W.,  Bnmmoick  Fomdry,  Oozells  Street, 

Birmingham — ^Proprietor. 

Samples  of  steel  snudSers,  showing  the  principal  pro- 
cesses of  manufacture,  from  the  castings  to  the  mushed 
state. 

Specimens  of  carpenters'  planes;,  made  firom  malleable 
iron,  and  other  metals,  with  planed  sur&oes,  superseding 
planes  made  from  wood ;  also  one  in  the  rough  state, 
showing  the  perfect  malleability  of  the  iron. 

Patent  elastic  metallio  bed-sacking,  showing  the  man- 
ner in  which  it  is  attached  to  wooden  bedsteads. 


808      Thompson,  F.,  Westfield  Terrace,  Sheffield^ 
Inventor  and  Manufiicturer. 
Patent  gutta  percha  skates.     Specimens  of  various 
,  colours  and  combinations  in  imitation  of  rosewood,  box- 
wood, ebony,  marble,  &c.    These  skates  poaseas  the  ad- 
vantages of  lightness  and  excellence  of  material,  improved 
shape  and  construction,  great  strength  and  durability, 
combined  with  novelty  and  richness  of  appearanoe. 


810    Jennings,  G.,  Great  Charlotte  Street,  Blaokfriart 

Road — Manufitcturer. 

Patent  India  rubber  tube  vrater-cloaets  in  section. 
These  closets  were  chosen  by  Messrs.  Fox  and  Henderson, 
and  are  fixed  in  the  supenor  refii^eshment  courts  of  the 
building. 

Patent  India-rubber  tube  cocks,  various  sorts. 

Patent  improved  cistern  valve. 

Patent  shop  shutter  shoe,  for  seouting  sh(^  shotten 
without  a  bar. 

Improved  mops  and  brushes  for  cleaning  railway  and 
other  carriages,  the  same  being  self -supplying. 

Patent  joint  for  connecting  lead  and  other  pipes  without 
solder. 


WORKS    IN    PRECIOUS   METALS,   JEWELLERY,    ETC. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Thk  nrcwnt  Clftn  comprises  objects  at  great  attnctiveness  to  almoat  orery  individual.  The  opportuoitj  t]iey 
aSdri  for  the  dispUy  of  toatc  and  skill,  and  even  of  a  high  description  of  art,  comtuned  victi  the  intrinsic 
beMity  and  Talue  of  the  material  in  which  these  objects  arc  wrought,  makes  them  an  extremely  interesting; 
study.  It  is  impossible,  also,  other  conBiderations  being  diBretjarded,  to  suppress  a  feeling  of  surprise  and 
MlmirkticHi  at  the  massive  character  of  many  of  the  articles  in  this  Class,  indicating  tho  wealth  and  resonrees 
of  the  mannfacturera.  As  ao  instance  may  bo  mentioned,  a  solid  silver  table-top,  fifty-five  inches  in  diameter, 
and  weighing  nearly  nine  hundred  ounces.  But  nhen  it  is  considered  tliat  upon  the  reduction  of  the  unshapon 
metal  into  its  present  form,  the  artist  and  mechanic  have  both  been  occupied,  and  that  the  result  is  to 
indicate  not  less  the  talent  of  the  one  than  the  industrial  skill  of  the  other,  these  objects,  whatever  their 
sie  at  intrinsic  value,  assume,  in  proportion  to  the  dejjree  of  talent  and  labour  employed  in  their  manufacture, 
a  new  and  higher  value. 

The  Class  is  divisible  into  the  following;  Sub-Classes : — A.  Communion  Services  ;  B.  Articles  of  Gold  and 
Silver  Plate  fcff  decorative  purposes,  and  Presentation  Pieces ;  C.  Smaller  Ariicles  for  more  Rcneral  domestic 
nae ;  D.  Electro-plated  Goods  of  all  descriptions,  comprehending  all  that  can  be  executed  in  Bilvcr  and  other 
HrtaU ;  B.  Sheffield  and  other  Plated  Goods ;  F.  Gilt  and  Or-molu  Work  ;  G.  Jewellery,  inclusive  of  Precious 
Stones  and  Ornaments  worked  in  Ivory,  Jet,  &c. ;  B.  Ornaments  and  Toys,  worked  in  Iron,  8l«cl,  and  any 
other  metal,  which  are  neither  precious  metals  nor  imitations  of  them,  as  Cliatclains  of  Steel,  C^uns  of  Rteel, 
SwoTd-hiits,  Cut-sleel  Shoe  and  Knee  Buckles,  &c,  ;  I.  Enamelling  and  Dnmasccnc  Work  ;  and  J.  Articles  of 
nsp  i>r  curiosity  not  included  in  the  jirevious  Sul)^Iasscs. 

The  fieneral  jioiiition  in  the  Ituildins  of  tlio  articles  in  this  Class  is  in  the  South  Central  Gallery.  After 
possin^  from  the  cases  containing  lace  and  embroidery,  proceeding  westward,  those  which  contain  the  articles 
in  the  precious  routals  are  met  with,  and  extend  fro:u  M.  G  to  22.  Itut  several  objects  jiropcrly  belonging  to 
this  Class,  and  included  in  it,  arc  exhibited,  as  in  other  instances,  in  other  jmHs  of  the  Building  ;  the  Jewcl- 
caae  and  (Iw  Great  Diamond  exhibited  by  Her  Majesty  are  instances  of  this  descrijition. 

Articles  iu  the  precious  nietals  are  |imduccd  in  almost  all  Inrtie  towns,  and  those  exhibited  are  consequently 
dorivrtl  from  a  numlicr  of  dlllcrent  localities.  In  the  metro[Kilis  very  lar;;o  and  wralthy  firms  exist,  producing 
snrju.illy  tanw  quantities  of  silver  goods,  upon  some  of  which  great  exfiensi's  aro  incurred,  in  order  to  give  to 
them  the  character  of  art-pmtUirtions.  Since  the  introiluctinn  cf  the  beautiful  arlof  clcctro-platin<!,  Binninghnm 
Ikw  mppliiil  very  large  qunntiti<'s  nf  silver  and  electro-plated  articles,  and  a  itnnilier  of  extensive  factories  exist 
in  tlial  town,  in  which  this  strictly  chemical  operation  is  pmctiwrl  on  a  grand  and  commercial  scale.  In 
Kheffii-ld  the  process  of  plalina  by  fire,  that  is,  by  the  solilcring  a  plate  of  silvi-r  nn  an  ingot  of  copjier  by  means 
nf  heat,  rollinc  out  anil  fashioning  Inr  use,  has  long  1>eeD  successfully  |iurstic<l.  It  has  lieen  estinialed  that  the 
value  of  the  Itritlsh-marle  plate  annually  nse<l  in  this  country  amouuls  to  1,'JOO,0()0/.,  and  tljc  cxjiorls  of  plate, 
je»'llery,  &c.,  amnunteil  in  IH49  to  the  valne  of  2.T3,0r.H^ 

.Ml  these  varieties  in  the  manufacture  of  the  objects  of  use  and  luxury  included  in  this  ClnRs,  will  lie  foimd 
illuf-Inited  by  the  productions  of  dilferent  exhibitors,  hy  many  of  whoni  a  gorgeous  dis|>l.iy  ol'  plate  and  jewels 
is  made.  Altenlinn  cannot  fail  to  lie  directed  to  the  great  Piamond,  the  Koh-i-Noor ;  and  to  tho  .Jewel-case, 
in  the  cinqnt-cento  style,  exhibited  by  Iter  Majesty  the  Queen,  In  aililition  is  a  t.ible  of  gold  and  silver  electm- 
I'Ute.  which  is  an  interesting  reproilnclion  of  an  antii]uc  subject.  The  massive  specimens  of  iiresentalion  plate 
cihibileil  will  likewise  receive  due  notice.  Among  the  jewels  aro  sovcmt  interesting  and  periia|iH  nniijuo 
t[cciinens ;  one  of  the  Litter  is  a  large  blue  diamond,  weighing  177  grains. — 11.  K. 


1      EtXTKOTOS.  Mason,  &  Co.,  Ke^rnll  SIrert.  ni,tni,ui!iiim, 

30  &    2-2    Di^inil    Street,    nad  ir>  .Vmrp.ilc  i'(,-«(, 

Iimitin—  Inventors,    Patentees,     Proprintors,    and 

Jt»iiuf»ctun..n!. 

Gla»  csK  of  f iortro-plato :  cnntaiiiiiiK  large  cootre  taWn 

'rniment,  sod  two  snanller  on«i;  unbjecta  Uiki/nfmm  the 

natiirtisl  punes.     Centrepieces  forfniit;  dBBiRns,  "Crown 

ImpfTial"  umI  "  ConvolvuluB."      Flower-stsnd ;  dtsign, 


Glasfl  case  of  silver  and  elactro-plnte:  eontaininR  centre 
piece  and  c-in'ltlnlinim,  "  Oak-tivu  snil  ■tupw."  Twn 
cninpntiem  for  fniit,.  Three-arm  rjiorKne  and  plate^ui. 
Tea  and  coffee  service,  comj'leto;  enKravml.  Inkatauit; 
"  Milkmaid  and  gofttn."  Cent™ piece  for di'wert senife, 
with  three  biv.kets.  Gothic  tea  am!  coffee  -ervioo.  cnm- 
plutc;  enfrraved.  Inknt-ind;  "  Hohccca  nt  thu  well." 
TwocontrBpiociwforfniit;  •'  (Iiuuoh."  tiilt  candelubnim 
and  phiteau.    Elizabethan  inkstand ;  the  "  Dawn  of  love," 


672 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &o. 

South  Centbal  GAiJiEBT. 


rUKITBD 


after  Thomas  Brookfl.  Tea  and  coffee  service,  complete; 
embossed.  Cake  basket,  with  figures  and  flowers.  Ink- 
stand; **  Please  remember  the  grotto."  Centre-piece 
and  candelabrum ;  "  Shepherd  and  sheep."  Tea  and  coffee 
service,  complete;  arabeiaque.  Three-arm  epeii^;ne;  Eli- 
zabethan. Ornamented  Gk>thic  communion  service,  com- 
plete. Pointed  Gothic  communion  service,  complete. 
Flower-stand,  with  *'  Bull  and  horse."  Tea-trays  of 
various  designs. 

Glass  case  of  electro-plate;  containing  a  Vase,  intended 
to  represent  the  triumph  of  Science  and  the  Industrial 
Arts  in  the  Great  Exhibition ;  style  Elizabethan.  The 
four  statuettes  on  the  body  of  the  vase,  are  Sir  Isaac 
Newton,  Lord  Bacon,  Shakspeare,  and  Watt,  intended  to 
represent  Astronomy,  Philosophy,  Poetry,  and  Mechanics. 
On  the  four  bas-reliefs,  between  the  figures,  the  practical 
operations  of  Science  and  Art  are  displayed,  and  their  in- 
fluence typified  by  the  figures  on  the  base;  with  H.R.H. 
Prince  Albert,  as  originator  and  patron  of  the  Exhibition, 
awarding  the  palm  of  honour  to  successful  industry. 
Height  of  the  vase,  four  feet;  designed  and  modelled 
by  William  Beattie.  This  vase  is  represented  in  the 
accompanying  Plate  11. 

Glass  case  of  silver  and  electro-plate:  containing  laige 
centre-piece,  for  eight  lights,  in  the  style  of  the  15th 
century,  with  figures  supporting  baMLets  for  fruit. 
Venison  dish  and  dish-oover;  arabesque.  Entree-dish 
and  cover,  and  warmer;  arabesque.  Centre-piece  and 
candelabrum;  arabesque.  Butter-boat;  arabesque.  Two 
table-spoons  and  forks  of  new  designs.  Entree-dish  and 
cover,  and  warmer;  arabesque,  lieat-dish,  arabesque; 
with  Gray's  registered  gpravy  well,  which  separates  the 
fat  from  the  gravy.  Two  entree-dUshes  and  covers,  and 
warmers.  Liu:ge  centre-piece,  with  three  figures,  "Com- 
merce, Wealth,  and  Fortune."  Soup-tureen;  arabesque. 
Pickle  and  cruet  frame;  arabesque.  Claret-jugs,  fish- 
carvers,  and  wine-coolers,  of  various  designs. 

Glass  case  of  fine  art,  and  art  manufactures,  containing 
part  of  a  service  of  plate,  silver  and  gilt,  comprising  a 
dinner  and  dessert  service;  designed  and  adi^yted  from 
^e  antique  by  the  CHievaUer  de  SchUck. 

Bronzes:  the  hours'  clock  case,  in  electro-bronze;  de- 
signed and  modelled  by  John  Bell;  exhibited  as  a  spe- 
cimen of  metal  work  applied  to  sculpturesque  composition 
for  useful  purposes.  The  hours'  circle  round  the  dial; 
day  and  ni^t  below;  a  repreeenta^on  of  rock  and  sea; 
and  a  piercwd  ornament,  emDlematio  of  tvdlight,  support 
the  composition,  which  is  surmounted  with  the  veu  of 
heaven  set  with  stars.  The  enamelled  dial  represents  the 
sun,  its  centre  being  a  flying  phoenix.  The  body  of  the 
composition  Uius  representing  Time,  is  surmounted  by 
Psyche  ascending,  superior  to  time. 

''Theseus:"  reduced  by  Mr.  Cheverton  from  the 
original  in  the  British  Museum,  made  for  the  Arundel 
Society,  in  electro-bronse. 

"Eve's  Hesitation:"  statuette  in  electro-bronze;  de- 
signed and  modelled  by  John  Bell. 

"  Venus  di  Medici:  exhibited  as  a  specimen  of  fine 
casting. 

Commemoration  tablet  and  inkstand;  designed  by  John 
Leighton. 

Plate,  representing  the  days  of  the  week;  composed  by 
the  Due  du  Luynes. 

An  oak  sideboard,  ornamented  with  bronze  electrotype 
bus  reUefis,  intended  to  show  the  application  of  electro- 
bronze  to  decorative  furniture  ;  designed  by  John  Guest; 
the  cabinet  work  executed  by  J.  H.  Taylor,  Krmingham. 
Geoffrey  de  Mandeville,  Earl  of  Gloucester,  a.d.  1215; 
made  for  the  Royal  Commission  of  Fine  Arts,  in  electro- 
bronze,  beiog  one  of  the  statues  designed  for  the  new 
House  of  Lords:  modelled  by  J.  Sherwood  Westmacott 
at  Rome. 

Group,  illustrative  of  Cambro-British  history.  Tewdric 
the  Great,  king  of  Gwent  and  Glamorgan,  having  em- 
braced Christianii^,  conquers  the  Saxons  at  Tintem  Abbey, 
on  the  Wye.  l^ie  Welsh  king,  wounded,  urges  the 
pursuit  of  the  flying  Saxons,  attended  by  bds  daughter, 
and  an  seed  bard  proclaims  the  victory:  designed  and 
modelled  by  J.  Evan  Thomas,  sculptor. 


Colossal  head  of  a  hone,  in  elaotro-bnmie,  bj  the 
Baron  Marochetti. 

Colossal  head  oX  "  Ocean,"  from  the  Antique. 

Bust  of  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert,  by  Baron  Marcchetti* 

Bust  of  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  by  Baron 
Marochetti. 

Bust  of  the  late  Sir  R.  Peel,  by  John  Edward  Jones. 

Large  bas-relief,  in  electro-bronze,  a  cast  from,  the 
original  by  Flamingo. 

Glass  case  of  silver,  containing  a  group  representing 
Queen  Elizabeth  entering  Kenilworth  Castle,  A.D.  1575. 
The  subject  selected  by  the  Committee  of  the  Warwick 
Town  Plate,  for  the  next  September  races;  designed  and 
modelled  by  Jeanneet. 

Glass  case  of  silver  and  electro-plate;  containing  side- 
board diih,  in  silver;  subject  from  the  "Iliad;"  designed 
by  Charles  Grant.  Gilt  tankard  by  Jeannest.  Cande- 
labrum, after  the  antique.  Wine-oooler,  electro-plated 
and  gilt;  subject,  from  a  beautiful  marble  basin,  still 
existing  in  the  Villa  Albani,  the  "Apotheosis  of  Hercules," 
valued  as  a  specimen  of  Greek  workmanship;  designed  by 
Kaupert  and  Gunkel.  Race  plate:  designed  by  Gunkel, 
modelled  by  Rossi  at  Rome.  The  bas-reliefs  on  the  frieze 
represent  "Strength,  Swiftness,  and  Prudence."  In  th« 
centre  a  mask  of  the  GkKldess  of  Love.  Bracket  cande- 
labrum; designed  by  G^ige  Stanton.  Set  of  three 
sideboard  plates;  designed  by  Charles  Grant;  subiects 
from  the  story  of  "  Ada  and  Ghdatea."  Sideboard  plate; 
the  parable  of  the  "Prodigal  Son,"  a  reproduction  by 
electro-deposition.     Fruit  plate,  in  the  Alnambra  style. 


Electrotype  copv,  in  silver,  of  the  celebrated  cup,  br 
Benvenuto  Cellini,  from  the  original  in  the  &itish 
Museum.  Silver  salt  cellar,  "  Louis  Quatone,"  by 
Jeanneet. 

The  following  articles,  exhibited  by  the  Qoeen,  were 
manufiictured  by  the  exhibitors: — 

1.  Jewel-case,  in  bronze,  gilt  and  silvered  by  the 
electrotype  process.  Designed  by  L.  Gruner,  Esq.,  in 
the  cinque-cento  style,  containing  portraits  and  profiles  of 
the  Ro^  Family. 

2.  Table  of  gold  and  silver  electro-plate;  the  top  an 
electrotype  reproduction  of  a  plate  obtained  and  copied 
for  the  exhibitors  by  Chevalier  de  Schlick;  subjects  in 
bas-relief,  Minerva,  Astrologla,  Qeometrioa,  Arithmetica, 
Musica,  Rhetorica,  Dialectioa,  and  Ghnammatioa;  centrs. 
Temperance  and  the  four  elements;^  the  table  dadgned 
by  CKsorge  Stanton. 

[The  process  of  gilding  and  plating  metals,  by  the 
agency  of  electricity,  commonly  called  electro-gilding  and 
electro-plating,  has  become  an  in^iortant  branch  of 
industry,  whidi  is  rapidly  increasing  since  the  patent  wis 
granted  to  the  exhibiton  in  March,  1840.  The  industrial 
importance  of  the  manufacture  may  be  gathered  from. 
the  fact,  that  in  addition  to  the  ezteiiaiv«  produetioiiB  of 
the  patentees,  and  about  thirty  other  manufiieturera  in 
England  licensed  to  use  it,  the  proosM  has  been  ex- 
tensively adopted  in  Pranoe  and  in  other  oonntrias. 

The  advantages  which  plating  by  this  process  powew, 
are, — 1st.  The  application  of  a  white  metal,  apiaoTimating 
to  silver  in  baldness  and  colour  (as  a  base  insteaH  of 
copper),  upon  which  the  real  silver  is  deposited.  2nd.  The 
removal  of  all  restraint  as  to  form;  the  most  elaborate 
ornaments,  and  the  most  complicated  designs  which  can 
be  produced  in  sUver  being  equally  obtainable  by  this 
process.  3rd.  Permanency  of  plating,  the  coating  of 
silver  becoming,  by  the  agency  of  electricity,  one  body 
with  the  metal  on  which  it  is  dqKNdted,  nther  than  a 
mere  covering.  4th.  Economy  in  first  oost  and  durability, 
as  well  as  in  the  multiplication  of  wotka  of  art  of  the 
highest  character;  and  the  production,  with  equal  pre- 
cision and  perfection,  of  copies  from  the  smallest  gem  to 
the  laigest  statue,  possessing  all  the  aoeoracy  and  beauty 
of  the  original  design.] 


Ci-AflB  23.— WOBKB  IN  PRECIOTTS  METAI^,  JEWELLERY.  *c. 
South  Cbhtbal  Gallebt, 


2        Kabtih,  BiacEi-r,  It  Maktiii,  Cheltenham — 
HannfitetuTerB  aud  Dasignen. 

I.  CaDtrs-EMoe,  with  figurea,  npreaenting  "Scdenca 
crowned  by  Proaperitj ;"  wKh  apecuneiu  of  wax  flowera, 
in  bowl,  hj  Mrs.  Whjttard,  of  Cheltanham. 

3.  Inkataod,  with  figurea,  repmentiDg  "Hilton  and 
hk  daughter  under  their  tavourite  mulberry -tree;"  the 
fnmuir  oompomiig  and  diolating,  the  latter  writing  Para- 
diwf  Lost. 

3.  SilTer^gilt  toilet-vtand,  with  modeta  of  birda,  flowera, 
and  aniinala,  suitable  for  a  lady's  boudoir. 

4.  ClaaaoJ  tea  and  coffee  serrioe,  designed,  modelled, 
and  aogisTed ;  the  aubjects  after  the  antique. 

5.  Laige  model  of  a  Oraat  Weatem  it«am-eDgine,  to 
bold  two  gallona  of  ooffbe;  made  for  the  Oreat  Weatern 
Statioa  at  Swindon. 

n.  Flower-Taae,  aapported  by  dolphina,  with  spedmenj! 
like  No.  1. 

7.  Chased  ailTer  daret  jug. 

B.  Bohemian  glaaa  olant  jug,  nlver  mounted,  and  a 
TMieft'  of  elegant  apeeimena  of  silver  and  silver  gilt. 

y.  Hegiatered  chatelaine  in  gold  and  enamel,  arranged 
to  tnleTarions-aiaed  watches:  it  is  said  to  keep  the  natch 
ateady  and  safe,  and  to  inoroMe  the  beauty  of  the  obate- 

to.  Registered  "patt«  fleur  brooch." 

II.  Psairll,  maaiifitetured  (b?  Kassre.  Sparrow  It  Son, 
11  New  North  Street,  Red  Lion  Square,  London)  into  a 
variety  of  nrw  designs,  in  broocbee,  braoeleta,  necklaces, 


Vl.  Specimensofgoldjewellery,  in  braoeleta,  brooches, 
ringa,  Ae. 

111.  ^ledmena  of  highly  finiahed  gold  chunsandjewel- 
lety,  manuIactuTed  by  Hr.  CharleB  Sparrow,  II  New 
North  Street,  Red  Lion  Square,  London. 

"    ""      a  of  chronomBter  and  other  watebea  in 


Qomentarily  connected,  and  ao  ar- 
langed  that  it  can  be  attached  to  any  number  of  hella :  if 
only  time  keeper  is  reqiiiiwi,  all  communication  can  be 
iniitaiitly  stopped.  The  fire  alarum  can  be  used  with  or 
without  voltaic  electricity.  —  lorentor,  E.  BurgCM,  4 
Clvrrkenwell  Qreeu,  Londou, 

1-i.  The  BtmithernniDieter  and  steam-alarum,  an  instni- 
mrat  to  tell  the  amount  of  upocifio  heat  required  for 
stvajn  or  laboratory  purposes :  it  canbe  aetto  duchafge  a 
powerful  bell  from  m  to  400  Fahrenheit,  or  connected 
with  bells  at  ditTerent  p«rta  of  premiaee. — luTenlor,  E. 
Burttesa,  Clerkenwell  (Jrven. 

Kitrer-gilt  lion  inkMaod.  OIabh  Imwl  for  containing  ice, 
mounted  iu  silver  pit,  the  glaaa  engraved  with  emble- 
matical siibjocta.  Silver-gilt  sugar  vase,  and  eifler. 
Silver  thistle  inkstand. 

Silver  toilet  bell-handle;  design.    "Boy  stopping   hix 

Gilt  roaewater  dish,  ehaaed  centre,  with  subject  from 
Ads  and  Galatea. 

Tnrqnoiae  bine  enamel  and  diamond  wnlch,  with 
rnamel  chain  and  appendagea  to  eorrenpond. 

.1       Reid  &  So.NB,  U  Ort»  Street,  Kcirc-aHe-upm-T-jne 
— Manufactiurr^. 

Silver  Kooda:— Chased  claret  jug,  basket,  and  tea  and 
coffee  aen-ice,  with  emblems  of  the  four  quarters  of  the 
glubo. 

nerc«d  and  engraved  basket,  with  border  of  animala' 
hra.b. 

Centre-piece  for  the  table;  vegetable  dieh  and  cover. 
Mc^lel  of  aciia]  wagj^n.     Gilt  iokstoud,  vaae,  and  dish,  jtc. 

Two  day^  marine  chronometer.  Lock-up  time-keejicr, 
for  railway  guards.    Watch,  with  the  latest  improvements. 

4  PaTK*  &  Sobs,  'J  1  Olil  IL.nd  .■ilreel,  Bath— 

Producurn. 
Vase  ID  silver,  after  a  marble  antique  in  the  Capitoline 
Mifciun.     This  vaee  is  repreaeiit«d  in  the  following  cut. 


6  Wall,  Thomas,  !'lokeii  Croft,  Briiioi— Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 

Origionl  deeign  in  hair-work,  after  the  Tuscan  order  of 
architecture,  surmounted  with  a  bronze  figure  of  Bri- 
tonnia  holding  a  medallion  likeness  of  Her  Majedty  ; 
also,  ornamented  with  wTostha,  a  medallion  of  H.R.H. 
Prince  Albert. 

Ladies'  guard,  with  anchor  attached,  made  without  a 
join.  Bracelets,  showing  a  new  method  of  mounting 
without  metal.  Ladies' ear-drope,  new  designs.  Watch- 
guards.      Purae. 

d         GtlEENWCLL,  John,  Wiil'ii/ — Manufacturer. 

Silver  tea-pot,  coffee-pot,  and  tea-kettle,  weighing, 
altogether,  tH'i>  drachina,  one  scruple,  or  140  grains. 

7  OKEEN'BtTBV,  ISAAC,   H'Ailbj/^Hanufscturer. 

Jet  necklaces,  with  appendages  attached.  Bracelets. 
Brooches.  CandlestickB.  Pincushion.  Likeness -stand. 
Earrings.     Pieces  of  rough  jet. 

10  TrcKF.ii.  John  Thomas,  /.>rtfr— Inventor. 
Rogistereil  univenal   briHich  protector,  attached  to  a 

gold  boi  brooch.  The  protector  it  a  spring  under  the 
tongue  of  the  brooch,  which  not  ouly  renders  it  secure, 
but  removea  the  usual  strain  at  the  joints. 

Models  of  the  protector,  showing  ita  applicability  to 
ever)'  description  of  brooch. 

1 1  Uahdinu,  Johfpr,  si.  Ihiri.f>,  Kreter—DeugneT, 

Inventor,  and  Proprietor. 
Silver  biacclot,   with   secure   snap.      Oold   and  stiver 
bracelet,  with  the  same  snan.   Bracelet  with  similar  snap, 
which  ia  applicable  to  oeckkces,  &c. 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  Sec. 
KoVTii  Central  GAi.i.mtT. 


1 2  Eliis,  Henrt,  &  Sou,  K>eler — iDveatoni, 

Duignen,  and  Hanufoctureim. 

Eigbt-day  MTTUge  Umepieoe,  with  duplai  escspement 
(U1<1  compeUBBting  balance. 

Safet;  cboin  broochea,  for  effeotually  faateiiiDg  a  lady's 
dreea.  This  brooch  U  lepreseotod  in  aevaial  fonna  in  tba 
follawin);  cut.  Tha  lowar  figure  repreaenla  the  broocb 
opened,  it  id  faatonad  by  piiabuig  the  point  into  the  abeath. 


H.  Rllh  &  Ban'i  SlMf  ClKia  BnXKhH. 

^Iver-wire  gauia  jewol-oaaket,  and  a  knitting-bask  at  in 
■iWer  (ameltad  from  orea  roiied  at  the  Combmartin 
mines,  North  Devon). 

Silver  plate,  apoona,  forks,  &c.,  in  variouB  pattoma, 
among  which.  "  The  Leaf  pattern,"  ia  deaigned  and 
registered .  Silver  aapangua  fork,  different  deaigns. 
F^nch  ailver  cruet. 

Devonshire  granite  knife-handlea.  The  clone  texture, 
great  durability,  high  poliah,  and  colour  of  the  Btone, 
render  it  pnrticularly  adapted  for  knife-hanillea. 

l.l  HoKTIKEH,  Wiujam,  10  Ocorgt  Street,  Ediniiirgh — 
Hanufacturer. 
An  inkatand.     The  pebble  and  jaapor  agates  found  in 
Scotland. 


Fperimeni  of  Rnnvin  Plate. 

1.  A  circular  ulver  waiter,  of  24  iochea  diameter.  The 
centre  group,  the  Queen  attended  by  Concord  and  Public 
Security,  presenting  a  laurel  crown  to  the  genius  of 
the  Industrial  Arts,  nith  figures  indicating  the  importance 
of  extending,  by  means  of  commerce,  the  bountiful  gifts 
of  the  libenl  and  useful  arts  to  every  part  of  the  globe. 
Fame,  bearing  the  emblems  of  peace  and  commerce, 
procluming  the  memorable  event.  This  centre  is  from  a 
design  by  J.  B.  Crouohley,  and  was  deaigned  for  one  of  the 
prize  medals. 

Around  the  group,  in  raised  Egyptian  characters,  is  the 
inscription: — "England  oonsecratea  to  immortality  the 
illustrious  names  of  Victoria  and  Albert,  and  the  me' 
morablayearof  18SE."  Outaide  this  border  oramadallions 
of  some  of  the  great  men  of  out  oountrv,  OS  repressDtalivea 
of  arts,  commerce.  anddviliMtion — Haamao,  Wedgwood, 


ki  allow  it 


StephenaoD,  and  Watt.  Round  the  whole  is  a  broad 
border,  divided  into  four  compartments  by  fignraa  of 
Fame,  in  each  of  which  is  repiiwinted  the  foor  divisions 
of  the  globe  appropriately  cbanctariaed.  This  salver  was 
executed  in  competition  for  the  OoldsmiUl's  Compauij'a 

2.  Aloige-sizedrilverwaiter,  onaa  original  plait.  The 
centre  is  a  raised  flat,  on  which  is  chssed  a  flgnre  of  the 
Queen,  seated  on  a  rock,  and  a  globe  enwwathed  with  a 
laurel  branch,  indicative  of  peace.  In  a  lower  circle  are 
repreaented  the  principal  trading  nataona  of  the  earth 
exchanging  their  manufactorea  aiM  produce  with  W--^'"'' 
merchuita.  The  American  giving  Dia  cotton,  tobwxa, 
Ac,  for  the  produce  of  Ihncheat^  and  Spitalfields.  The 
African  exchangin^^  ivory,  palm  oil,  tie.,  Ii)r  calicoes  and 
articles  of  domestic  comfort.  The  Asiatic  tcaDaporting 
his  Bpicea  and  gums  in  eichwge  for  manufactured 
articles.  The  Chineoa  is  oSteing  his  tea  and  other 
productu  for  cloths,  Ac. 

The  border  is  again  raised  above  the  diaaiiK,  to  an 
equal  height  with  the  centre,  and  is  a  broad  ■mdnchly- 
chosed  buid,  on  whioh  are  grouped  the  various  articlea 
used  in  agHcultunJ,  mechuuou,  indusbial,  and  orna- 
mental skSl.  The  centre  is  relieved  by  a  polished  baod 
of  bright  lilver,  on  which  is  engraved — "  itoaopalj  ia  the 
parent  of  scarcity,  of  deameas,  and  of  unoalaiiity." 
And  on  a  limilar  band  inside  the  border — "  To  Chariea 
Edward  Rawlins,  Euq,,  Secretary  to  the  Liverpool  Anti- 
Monopoly  Asaociation,  1S42  to  1847,  preaantad  by  tbs 
Council  and  Hembera." 

3.  A  silver  inkstand,  with  r 
merdat  importance  of 
formed  of  the  lotua  and 

4.  A  silver  cradle, 
is  that  of  the  nautilus  shell 
chased  in  high  relief. 

The  cot  rests  at  each  eod  on  oxlaa,  ai 
to  rock  backwards  sod  forworda.  Tbeae  an  passed 
through  the  atems  of  two  large  eaa-Weads  or  laven,  M 
they  are  locally  called.  At  the  base  la  an  inagipUon  to 
show  that  the  cradle  was  preeented  to  the  wife  at  T.  B. 
Horsfatl,  Esq..  Mayor  of  Liverpool,  in  1846,  by  a  number 
of  the  burgeases  of  that  town,  in  token  of  thsir  ^>probft- 
tion  of  his  public  conduct. 

In  the  interior  of  the  cradle  are  a  mattreaa  and  pillow, 
mode  of  filligree  woil. 

5.  ^ver  epergne^preaented  by  tba  Livopool  I'liil- 
hormonic  Society  to  William  Sudlow,  Eaq.  Tl>«  lUi^ii  is 
to  exhibit  the  inQuenoe  of  muiio  on  toe  mlod.  ^uaa 
SguroBBTC  grouped:  Apollo  playing  on  the  lyre;  Mllnitiaii 
and  a  Philosopher  listening.  The  Sgurea  Mao  agunat 
' '  a  scrolled  pedestal "  which  supports  the  baain  that 
forma  the  upper  portion  of  the  ornament.  Hie  baae 
consists  of  a  tripod,  with  aorolls  and  wreaths  of  mam  and 
laurel,  on  one  of  the  fa^es  of  which  ia  a  chased  basso- 
relievo.  On  the  opposite  nde  is  also  a  bas-t«lie^  axhi- 
biting  Homer  reciting  ' '  The  Fate  of  Troy  "  to  hia  oonn- 
trymen. 

e.  silver  candelabrum,  having  six  lighta,  and  a  centre 
dish  of  glass.  Tlie  group  indio^««  Me  oonaeotii^;  of 
Carlisle  and  Lancaster  by  railmr.  On  the  baas  ar* 
chasings  of  views  showing  the  cottn^p  at  Shaip  Pell,  oad 
the  Liine  and  Lowther  vudocta.  This  [jeoa  ta  plata  wa* 
presented  to  Oeorse  Mould,  Eaq.,  chief  contnetor. 

7.  The  prise  plate  of  the  "  livetpool  Boyal  Herw; 
Yacht  Club:"  a  silver  vase  with  two  handlca;  the  body  is 
ornamented  with  scrolls  and  featoona  of  flomn  in  raliaf; 
the  baae,  three-sided,  and  the  angles  lisililmlisl  wiUi 
prows  of  vessels  reetingonthab«cks<^doI|ddnB;  bstiraon 
the  prows  ore  pMinaU,  chaaed  in  low  raW  wHh  Uw  fol- 
lowing Bubjacta:  Cleopatra  stuling  down  ttte  C^dnna; 
Queen  Blixabeth  on  the  Thamea,  gSng  to  visit  Sr  Walter 
Raleigh,  off  Deptford;  and  Queen  ^ctoiia  risitiltt  the 
Royal  Yacht  Club,  off  Cowea.  Oversach  Bi^;le  stunda  the 
biid  Liver,  the  adopted  emblem  of  Uvsrpool,  and  snr^ 
mounting  the  whole,  ia  Victory  standing  on  a  sball  hold- 
ing out  two  wreaths. 

8.  Silver  tea  kettle,  ooSse  and  tea  sat,  irith  nhasnrt 
subjeots  from  the  works  of  Sir  Dnid  WUkb. 


KnaDOM.]  Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  META[,S.  JEWELLERY,  Ac. 

Sod  Til  Ckktkai.  Qai.lerv. 


II.  I 


a,  tilver  mount«d  sagar  baaket. 
13,  14,  15.  CUnt  jugB. 

JeicelUry, 
I .  An  opal  and  diamond  brao«let,  the  bond  nmovable 
■a  tbat  th*  oentre  takei  out  and  forma  a  brooch. 
3.  An  *''y*»H  and  diamond  braoslet. 

3.  A  CBfiiaocla  and  brilliant  bractdet. 

4.  An  eiwmallad  and  diamond  bracelet. 
i.  An  ■methjat  and  diamond  bracelet. 

6.  A  garter  braeelet  wiUi  diamond  and  opal  buckle  and 

7.  A  gold  ne^lace  and  bracelet,  set  with  biillisnta. 

8.  An  emetsld  and  brilliant  necilace. 

9.  A  ruby  and  diamond  croaa  necklace. 

10.  An  opal  and  brilliant  necklacs. 

tl.  A  doable  row  pearl  necklace,  with  an  emerald  and 
dkuDond  pendant. 

12.  A  atning  pearl  neoklane  and  a  brooch    o  oorre- 

13.  An  enamel  [uJwtlj^  of  Alexander  and  Cleone. 

14.  A  broach:  a  cameo  portiait  in  hone-atone  of  the 
wife  of  Albert  Durer,  exeoutsd  b^  himBelf. 

15.  A  caibnnde  brooch  with  diamond  pendante. 

16.  A  purple  enamel  and  briUiuit  knot  brooch  with 


15     Wivr,  Juoa,  ftSov,  DuWn— Manu&cturerB. 

{kwdw*,  braceleta,  neckchaini,  pini,  linga,  and  pendant 
oraameati,  oompoaed  of  Bilver,  oiidiaed  silver,  and  gold 
and  oxidtaed  ulrer  mixed,  embelUahed  with  Iriah  pearla 
and  other  gaaa,  oopied  tcma  antique  Irish 


llj  CONilELL,  DemM.  10  N'Osaa  sired,  DMin— 

Carver  and  Producer. 

Cup,  otrveil,  with  dueigue  from  acenca  at  Doimybrook 
lair.  Inknand  nith  Ggurea  carved  on  the  top,  repre- 
•euting  Iriah  strolling  musiciaaa. 

Broocliea,  bracelets,  necklaces,  paper-knives,  and  card- 
caiwa,  mounted  inWicklow  gold  and  Irish  diamonds,  all 
made  uf  Irish  bog  oak  found  in  the  lakes  of  Killarney 
— with  new  designs- 

BdokatAnda,  chessboards,  card-cases,  Ac,  from  arbutus 
wuud,  grown  at  the  lakes  of  Killamej. 

17         MosLKT,  Jcum,  4S  Wickhw  Street,  Dublin— 
Dmigniir  and  Eieculor. 
Carved  caaket,  in  white  and  red  Irish  bug  yew,  witli 
Bubiecta   in   alto-relievo    &orix  sacred    history,  and  alJc- 
pmcal  n.-pmeDtntions  of  "  Virtue  and  Vicu."     Thu  wuud 
'        '  un  Lonl  Famham'a  estate,  county  Cavan. 


rrasontatiun  ci 


18      Bmnnr,  Thomas, 

Maoi 

Ark  of  the  covenant,  in 

Stlver-chaaed  large  salvi 
clarvt  JUK,     Engraved  claret  jug. 

Cha»d  Draodeo  pattern  tea-kettlo  and  stnud. 

Engnved  hexagon  tea-kettle  anil  staml.     DrcKiluu 
and  cutfee  aervtce,     Ueiagun  tea  and  citffec  service. 

Plain  hexagon  tea  aod  coflve  eervice,  with  Irish  H 
dog  button. 

Chaasl  scroll  and  flower  tea  anil  coffee  eeriice. 

Chased  and  engraved  children's  cans. 

Antique  chased  and  jiierceil  salt  collant,  with  must 
pot.     Antique  and  chawid  tlesacrt  sugar  baskets. 


Vh<. 


Case  contaioing  fine  gold  jewellery  and  bog  oak,  all 
manufactured  out  uf  Wicklow  gold  and  Irish  pearls.  In 
this  cnlleotion  is  a  newly -invented  flexible  gold  bracelet, 
suited  for  either  a  watch  or  miuiature;  exhibited  for 
novelty.  ^ 


)    Waterhoub^  Qbooos  a  SAMtm,  '25  DamtStml, 

Dublin — Inventors  and  Manufacturera. 
Ri^iatered  brooches,  adapted  to  cloaka  and  shawls,  Amui 
«  mineral  products  of  Ireland. 


21  NicoLl,  W.,  PriiK^t  street,  EdMurgli— 

Manufocturer. 
Gold  p«ns,  pointed  with  iridium.      These  peun  are 
alloyed  with  a  certain  proportion  of  platinuni,  and  the 
points  are  iridium,  an  extremely  hard  metal. 


23  M.nau.ti.  &  Sons,  BT  Great  Georyt  Street, 

Kdinb'irgh — llUnufacturete. 

Set  of  accoutrements  for  a  Highland  drees,  with  chased 
silver  mountings  studded  wit£  carbuncles  and  cairn- 
gorms, viz.,  goat-skin  purse,  broad  sword,  dirk,  powder- 
horn,  skeen  dhu,  or  hunting-knife;  phud  brooch;  sword- 
belt,  body  bait;  shoe  buckles;  pLstoU;  Athul  bonnet; 
stag's  head. 

^Iver  claret  jugs,  of  antique  shape  and  figures. 

Scotch  pebble  trinkets  and  jewellery,  vii.,  braoelet; 
inper-cutter;  quoichs,  or  drinking-cups ;  brooches;  chate- 
laine, studded  with  various  Scotch  pebbles;  bracelet,  with 
atones  found  in  Aberdeenshire,  Perthshire,  and  For&r. 


24       Rbttie,  H.,  &  Soss,  Aberdeen — UanufacturerB. 

Uold  and  silver  mounted  granite,  ponibyry,  and  topai 
bracelets,  brooches,  pins,  &c-  One  oi  theee  broodiea, 
is  shown  in  the  annexed  illustration. 


TnoMPBOM,  F.  H,.  10  Ilrnmhn  I'litce,  Glos^jou— 
Manufacturer, 
nd,  to  hold  three  decautera  and  cue  claret 
ni,  Bup[Hirteil  on  figure  of  Time.  CoflS» 
urn  on  ligure  uf  Atlas.  Tea-kettleon  gilt  Ijgure  of  Time. 
Liqueur  fniiiio.  Kgg  frame,  with  chiua  bottom,  and  t^ 
cup.  Cruet  frame,  with  gliias  Inittom.  Toilet  frame. 
Flownr-stand,  with  terra  cotta  figure ;  all  of  new  designs. 
Inkstand,  tnktin  fhiin  the  antique.  Inkstand,  modem. 
G.ililut,    BUpiKirted    oil  figure  of  L'upid.       Cheeee-stand 

Iat)^'  crnlro-picop.  willi  figure  of  Mercury  Bupportiug 
fliiwor-basket.     All  the  articles  exhibited  are  in  electro- 


Clabs  23.— works  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 
South  Central  Gallbrt. 


BAniD,  WA1.TER,  72  Argyll  street,  Olatgmc — 

Producer. 

A  Scotch  rttm'a  head,   each  horn  meamiring  3  feet  5 


inches;   mounted  u  a  snuff-boi  i 


iigBT-caae,  in  soli 


uid  silver,  adorned  with  a  cairngorm  uid  Scotch  aiaetbyvt 


27 


&  Sons,  NeirautU-apon-Tyne — 
MaDufttcturerB. 
Hedals,  struck  in  conuDemoration  of  the  Queen's  pu- 
nse  OTcr  the  bridge  at  Newcaetle-upon-Tjne. 
SDufT-bozes,  card  odbob,  novel  jewelleiy,  end  Highland 

Coffee  and  tea  pota,  basinB,  ewen, 


ance.     Chronometer  I 


Spvbrieb,  Wm.,  Bin 


Electro-wlver  and  gilt  eervioe^  containing  tea  and 
coffee-pot,  Bugar-baain,  and  cream-ewer :  Victoria,  Bruos- 
wick,  Venetjui  and  cottage  pattema.  E>iah  and  cover; 
Louis  Quatone ;  and  cottage  pattema. 

Table  candleaticks;  arabesque  and  Brunswick  pattanu. 
Chamber  candlesticks ;   cottage  pattern. 

Cake-baskets;  pierced  and  Victoria  pattama;  saving- 
kettle,  with  lamp ;  cruet-frameB,  Uotbic,  pierced,  and  roll 
patteras;  and  mustard-pot  and  Balt-cellsj-. 

Pepper-boi,  arabesque  pattern;  mounted  juga;  tea 
table,  dessert,  mustard,  salt,  and  gravj-apoaoB;  table  and 
dessert  forks  and  dessert-knivea. 

[The  disoorery,  or  rather  application,  of  the  principle 
of  the  electrotype  process  is  due  in  this  country  to 
Thomaa  Spencer,  of  Liverpool,  and  was  suggested  by 
observing  the  exact  copy  in  metal  of  some  imperfec- 
tiona  at  the  bottom  of  a  cell  in  one  of  his  batteries, 
which  he  bad  been  ujung  for  scientific  eiperimenta.  The 
electrotype  pcoceaa  difiera  from  the  magneto  proceas 
only  in  so  far  as  the  exciting  agent  is  produced  by  the 
immeraion  of  zinc,  platiniaed  silver,  &c,,  in  a  solution  of 
Hulpburic  acid,  which  ia  connected  by  wires  or  rods 
with  the  deposit  trough.  In  (his  solution  ia  suspended  the 
articlea  to  be  gilt  or  silvered:  the  atrength  of  tbe  same  Ib 
maintained  by  platAS  of  the  metal,  of  the  same  kind  as 
is  to  be  deposited,  being  auapended  therein. — W.  C  A.] 


29 


BlLLIAIlD  &  ThoMabon,  Binnlagham — 
Haaufacturen. 
Silver  fith-kDivea  and  forks,  taper-stands,  brooches, 
bracelets,  corals,  card-cases,  knife,  fork,  oud  spoon,  card- 
baskets,    snuff-boxes,    paper  and   cake   knives,    bouquet 
holders,  mustards  and  sslta,  and  a  variety  of  other  faacy 

30  Caktwbioht  &  HiBONS,  Biriningham — 

Hanohcturera. 
Plated  and  aUver-gilt  oruetB,  inkBtsnds,  baakots,  &c. 

31  MabkiaN,  Fkancib,  Canaoa  Street,  Birmiiujiuiin— 

Man  ufocturer. 

An  epergne,  or  centre-piece,  Etruscan  j  uga,  plain  and 
engraved.     Antique  coffee-pot  and  stand. 

Chased  aalven,  registered  pattern.  Table  and  [oano 
candlesticks,  plated  and  gilt. 

Elizabethan  inkstand.     A  chalice.    Toilet  candlestick. 

Vine  pattern  decanter-stand.  Toast-stand,  registered 
pttttam.  Antique  caator  frauies.  Toast-rack,  wbeat- 
sheaf  handle, 

Candleaticks,  for  Indian  sbades.  Engraved  tm  and 
coffee  service.     Disb-covar.     Suuffet  dish  and  stand. 


32 


WII.XINSOU,  T.,  A  Co.,    15  Great  Haiaptoa  Street, 
Birmmii.im.  and  41  Taciilocli  Street,  C;rmt  Garden 
— Mouufacturera. 
Articlsa  of  elactro^ilver  plat«  upon  Oenoaii   sUver, 


Centre-piece  and  plateau,   Triton   and    Sea-nymplia, 
under  a  canopy  of  real  eoml. 

Candelabrum  and  plateau,   sat^eota  from  "Paul  and 
Tiipnia,"  &c.    Theaa  are  repieaented  in  the 
and  in  tbe  second  cut  on  opposite  page. 


Flower  vase  (and  plateau),  supported  by  a  vine. 

Tea-uru,  an  Etruscan  vase,  supported  by  oak  branchaa, 
children  playing  introduced  on  the  base.  This  is  repre- 
BetjCed  in  the  following  cut. 


Venison  dish  and  cover,  the  handle —  a  gnmp  of  deer, 
represented  in  the  first  cut  on  the  next  p^e. 

Ova]  Bolver,  omameuted  with  Uie  bryony  and  et^ra^Bd 
centre.     Dessert  dishea,  &c. 

Salod-standBj  coral,  dancing  giri.  sitting  figurs^  and 
foliage.     Wine-cooler,  embossed  panels. 

Hedallion  basket,  "  Watt,"  modelled  by  l^lor. 

Liqueur  and  cruet  tismes,  Gothic  style,  aiiid  faryoiij 
omanieota.  Inkstands.  Round  salvar.  Butter-cooW, 
engraved,  and  raby.  Sugar-baaket  aid  asdlsMi^  Hw 
tard-pota  and  salt-oellan,  emboaed  md  piarad. 


Clam  23.-~W0BKS  IN  FBECIOUB  HETALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 
South  Cektral  Oallbrt. 


W  LLI^iwon  V  CuuU'l 


{Tlie  meUllic  base  of  vlectru-pUtcJ  articles  in  runneil 
of  OemiMi  ailver,  or  a  hard  whit«  metal  coiiijhhhxI  uf 
€3»|i|jer,  nickel,  and  due,  the  nsTenJ  jiartti  being  hold 
tnttptfaer  by  hard  Bolder,  which  fiwoB  only  at  a  very 
b%b  temperature.  Under  the  old  niuthud,  tbv  li)^rcs 
here  introduced  mu»t  have  been  cast  in  silver;  by  the 
prwent  pniceBi  they  are  cast  of  the  white  inetvil,  AO^r 
beii;^  riffled  or  chaeeil,  the;  arc  electroplates). — W.C.A,] 


33        OocoH,  WiLLIASI.  1 1  l',tt.ulr,  liirminjKaia— 
Uniiufactiirer. 

Rlectro-plateil  articles:  —  Cuiutixtiiig  of  Elizabctlian 
•perinea;  and  vine,  with  tigiirea. 

Vint  candelabra.  Uok  tree  centre  iitanil.  Cruet  fnuiiv, 
(upportad  by  griffiUK,  &c.  Spirit  frnoieii.  Kgg  Htonrl. 
Bath*.  oxAen.  and  rounil  salt,  aiiti<[ue.  Fruit  Btanrln 
and  baoketa.     Flower  alonrlH. 

Viaaa  eandleetick,  oak  truo,  vitb  lih-uru  of  (^ipid  shoot- 

Kdore.     Regiitered    vaitora.      St^gnr   basin,    oiitiiiue. 
Mmi,  npnMotii^  a  bank  with  cattle,  &c. 


t        CoLLU,  QBORas  Richmond,  Chimh  atreit, 
Bimuniiliam — Hauuhoturor. 

An  electro-pUted  wine-oooler,  ■  model,  to  the  loale  of 
one-fourth  of  the  oelebiated  Warwick  vaie. 

A  solid  silver  table-top,  55  inches  in  diameter,  wdgfa- 
ing  nearly  900  ois.,  the  surface  engraved  with  itauB, 
cresoenta,  &c.,  for  his  Exoellenoy  the  Oovemor  of  Aleppo. 

Solid  ailver  salver.  Several  oentie  omamsnla.  Bnuohas 
and  gissnmi. 

Five  tripod  candelabra,  deaigned  after  the  antique  by 
Sir  Gardiner  Wilkinson.  One  of  the  eaodelabn  is  rspre- 
aented  in  the  adjoining  out. 


Centre  omamente  on  tripod  stands,  and  compoHid  of 

vino  Icavoaand  trollia  work,  with  cut-glasa  dish  for  Howen : 
subject,  theGi>ldeQ  A^. 

Fruit  boaket.  Venison  diiihes:  vegetable  diahee  and 
cuvem;  hash  di»h  and  cover,  with  ataod  and  lamp. 

Ice-pail,  siimll  model  of  the  Warwick  vbbo,  tJie  body 
in  crj'stal  auti  xilver  omameoU. 

I'latenn,  w.irked  in  foliage  and  flowe™,  with  border  of 
lilies.  Salvem,  with  borders;  boj-s  bnldiog  baskets  of 
flowere,  &c.,  "  Boys  and  panther,"  "  Four  Boasoiia,"  &c., 
' '  AsHiettd  monttie." 

Densert  plates,  dish,  and  tKuiket,  Tea-um,  Klisa- 
bethau;  tea-um,  with  ntilitary  eniblenu.  Suiip  tureen, 
will]  niiuHive  eagle  luindles  and  feet. 

Claret  jugH;  cut-Kloiw,  and  electro  plated,  vino  mounted ; 
and  Pomiieian  design,  engraved. 

Kntr^  dishes  and  covers.  Bread  and  cake  banketa. 
.Suit  cellars.  Kinh  and  dessert  knives  and  forks.  Muf- 
tiueers.     MuHtanl-jHits.     Muffin  plates  and  covers. 

Tea«iide..ffeoBCniooB.  Teakettle  and  atantla.  Chamber 
iind  tHblo  candlesticks.      Sugar  vases.     Soup  tureen  and 

lilaoH  cruet  and  liqueur  stands.  Small  solver,  vino 
l^mler;  euBmiing.  ■'Iktehiw  and  SiWus."  .Solve™, 
witli  subject*:  The  firsat  Ktbibili'in  Building,  and  Pan 
anil  SilenuB.     Oothic  comm union-serviai,  ongravod. 


Ci^M  23.— WORKS  IN  PBECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  4c. 
South  Oektbai.  Oallebt. 


An  UTD,  adapted  for  railiroys,  coDstructod  for  supply- 
iug.  BimultoiieouBlT,  tes,  coffee,  and  hot  water. 

MocbiQo,  in  Bolid  silver,  for  slicing  cucumben  at 
table.  SpoauB  and  forks,  in  slactro-liTate,  of  Tuious 
pattema. 

Dreeaiog-casas.  OUss  butter-tuba.  Toaat-racki.  Snuff- 
boxes. Waiters,  engraved  and  cliBsed.  Bottle-stands, 
electro -plated.     Decanter  carriage,  "  Boy  and  panther." 

Inkstands.  Dish-covecs.  Soy  frame.  lokMand,  sir- 
copWus  shape,  witli  Beliaarius  on  cover. 

Chandelier,  in  glass  cut  on  both  sides,  enamelled  in 
various  colours,  relieved  with  burnished  gold,  begun  by 
the  late  Oeoige  Orundj,  for  Oeorge  IV.,  and  completed 
by  Messn.  Cdlis  &  Co. 

Series  of  60  medals,  in  bronze,  iUustmUve  of  the  Holy 
S[:riptureB,  with  a  rsTerse  to  each.  Medals  of  the  Kings 
und  (jueens  of  England,  from  William  the  Conqueror 
1  Alcxandrina  Victoria.     Grand  national         '  ' 


Hgricultural,  horticultural,  botanical,  of  eminent  persona, 
and  bslonpng  to  varioua  societjes. 

[This  manufactory  owes  its  existence  to  the  spirit  and 
industry  of  the  late  Bir  Edward  Thomason,  to  whose  enter- 
prising seal  the  manufacture  ofKrmingham  and  its  neigh- 
bourhood ar«  deeply  indebted.  To  copy,  in  the  size  of 
the  original,  the  celebrated  Warwick  vase,  was  a  labour 
and  a  risk  which  few  individual  manufacturere,  at  that 
period,  would  have  attempted  (its  weight  is  upwards  of 
4^  tons).  The  extent  to  which  hs  carried  the  silver- 
plate  trade,  as  a  medallist,  button-maker,  &e.,  still  attest 
his  energetic,  enthusiastic,  and  liberal  ideas. — W.  C.  A.] 


■15     HAniBWOHTH,  EvBE,  ft  Co.,  SAe^fd— Designers, 
Monufk^ursiB,  and  Proprietors. 

A  silver  centre-piece,  to  serve  as  a  candelabrum  or 
epergne,  with  ftve  bnuiches,  cut  glaasaa,  iitd  tripod  stand 
or  platoau. 

Aq  assortment  of  articles  in  various  styles,  German 
silver,  and  electro-plated,  with  silver  embossed  edges  and 

Tripod  candelnbrum,  in  Kgyptian  style. 

Flower-stands,  in  different  patterns  and  styles  of  orna- 
ment. 

Comer  dishes  and  coveni;  table  dishes  and  covers; 
loup  tureen,  m  suite,  in  the  Italian  style. 

Bread  and  cake  baskets,  in  various  styles  and  patterns. 
Salvora  or  waiters,  of  difierent  patterns.  Liquor  and 
cruet  &ames,  different  in  patterns,  and  glasses.  Silver- 
mounted  claret-jugs,  coloured  and  plain. 

Embossed  oval  coffee  tray,  with  coffee  and  tea  pot, 
sugar-basin,  cream-jug,  and  tea-kettle,  in  the  old  German 

Embossed  plated  coffee-tray,  chased  scrolls,  with  ooffee 
and  tea  pot,  sugar-bRsin,  and  cream-jug,  embossed  and 
ont^ved. 

Butter-cooler,  with  glass  and  cow  knob.  Silver  butter- 
cuoler,  of  engraved  and  alabaster  glass. 

Sugar-baskets,  assorted  patterns,  and  coloured  ginaaea. 
Embossed  tea-canisters.  Decanter  and  hock  bottle  stands. 

Table,  oianoforte,  and  bed-room  candlesticks,  in  various 
styles,    buffer-trays  and  snuffers.     Salt-stands.    Mus- 

tai-d-pots. 

3G  BautsDBv,  Thomas  Ic  Sos,  S/tefftld— 

Manufactu  I'cis . 

Coffee  and  tea  servicee,  consisting  of  coffee  pot,  toa  pot, 
sugitr  basin,  and  cmun  ewer,  uf  various  patterns,  with 
kettles  and  etajula  for  the  same. 

Kettles  and  pitchers,  plated  and  engraved. 

Plateau,  scroll  pattern. 

Tea  uni,  fluted  antique  pattern. 

Double  dish  and  wanner,  with  pierced  and  chased 

Ar  "  " 

«que 


Liquor  and  cruet  fnunea,  varioos  pattens. 

Chamber  osndlestieka,  EliaOMtluD. 

Inkstaoda,  pierced  and  engraved. 

Bottle  stwid,  pierced,  antique. 

Cake  basket,  engmved,  Frmich  pattern. 

Candelabrum. 


37        Hakruoh,  John,  ItM/olk  Worh,  SHe^ekJ— 
Uanutaelarer. 

Epergne,  of  Venetian  pattern,  cut  crystal  basin,  ruby 
glass  lining,  and  coloured  Bohemian  glon  cups. 

Round  biased  wuter,  with  open  horier. 

Wine  coalers,  or  ice  pails,  of  vine  pattern;  and  Flemish 
style. 

Liquor  (tame,  open  scroll  border,  with  opaque  gilt 
bottles. 

Qval-ahaped  chased  cake  basket  with  Italian  open- 
work handle.     Claret  jug,  Louis  Qiutona  pattern. 

Table  candlesticks,  plain,  fluted,  scroll,  and  leaf  pat- 
tern.  Oiamber  candleeticks,  beadandplain  tulip  patt«ru. 

Centra  ornament.  Oriental  pattern,  with  ruby  en>iuell«d 
giltgksa. 

Centre  ornament.  Oriental  foot,  scroll  oooket,  oomeltHn 
gloss,  green  and  gilt  sOoUop  edge. 

Flower  vase,  Victoria  pattern,  ruby  glass  liniDg.  Flower 
vase,  Italian  pattern,  with  drooping  folii^,  ohrysuphrHWii 
lining.  Hegistered  flower  vase,  Italian  pattern,  witli 
turquoise  glass.  Violet  stand,  with  Boheluiau  oulounul 
gilt  glasa  cup. 

Sugar  basket,  rose  folii^  in  panels,  ruby  ^ass  lining. 

Sugar  basket,  plain,  pierced  with  bead  mouli^  tDnjaoise 
lining.  Cream  ewer,  folii^  and  chun  pattern,  with 
ruby  glass  lining.  Cream  ewer,  plain^pkrced.with  bead 
mount,  turquoise  lining.  Kettle  and  stand,  fluted  and 
engraved,  with  vine  pattern  stand.  Toast  rocks,  antique 
and  Tudor  pattern. 

Hock  bottle  and  stand,  vine  and  scroll  pottama,  with 
Bohemian  bottle. 

The  above  articles  are  electro-plated  on  imperial  metal. 

Lai^  engraved  oval  waiter.  Bound  engraved  waiters, 
with  and  without  moveable  border. 

Plun  oval  diah-cover,  Eliiabethan  handle,  engraved 
ahield.  Fluted  oval  dish-oover,  with  omamental  handle. 
Regiatered  dishMMver,  with  moveable  mount,  colum- 
bi[ie  pattern.     Registered  comer  diah,   with   moveable 

lunt.     Oval-shaped  comer  dish,  with  loose  It 


claret  jug,  i  .  ..  ,„..._. 

Candelabra,  varied  jiattem.  I^ble  candlestick,  Elia- 
bethan  pattem.  Regiatered  chamber  candlestick,  water 
lily  pattern.    Chamber  candlestick,  shell  and  leaf  pattern. 

Tea  and  coffee  services,  Chinese  and  Louis  Quatona 
patterns.  Kettle  and  stand,  Chinese  pattem.  Regia- 
tered tooat-rack,  serpentine  frame,  with  scroll  pierced 
panels.  Butter  coolers,  Elisabethsn  pattern,  with  cut 
crystal  gloas,  and  saw-pierced  ornament,  nibr  glass  lining. 

The  above  articles  are  electro-plated  on  mckal-ailTer. 

Tea  and  coffee  service,  Italian  pattem  (sugar  basin  and 
cream  o»-er  with  ruby  glass  linings),  electro-plated  on 
Britamiia  metsl.  Cruet  framea,  various  patterns,  electru- 
plated  OD  nickel-silver,  and  imperial  metal. 

[Britannia  and  imperial  metals  are  both  composed  of 
tin,  regulus  of  antimony,  and  amall  portions  of  copjier 
and  brass.  Articles  of  a  complicated  form,  such  as  uma- 
mcntol candlesticks,  tea-pot bandlae,  feet,  Ac,  aiecoat  in 
brass  moulds.  The  bodies  of  these  are  produced  by  what 
is  called  ipiiHing — a  process  by  which  fine  thin  discs  of 
rolled  metal  are  mode  to  take  the  convex  or  globular  form 
of  the  object  desired :  tliis  is  effected  by  the  disc  being 
placed  agBJnat  a  auitable  wooden  block  or  chuck,  which 
revolves  in  a  lathej  and  by  means  of  the  pnosure  of  a 
steel  tool  or  burnisher,  the  thin  plate  of  metal  is  pressed 
against,  and  finally  takes  the  form  required;  when,  iu 
two  or  more  jinrta  they  are  soldered  together  by  tin 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  FBRCIOUS  METAL«,  JEWELLERY,  Sec. 
South  Cbntbai.  Gallebv. 


•oldar,  wlikh  is  meltad  by  the  heftt  of  a  blowpipe,  uid 
CDDiptetaa  the  ■dheHEon  of  the  two  parts;  the  "mouiit«" 
4r<e  attached  in  the  same  way.  Among  the  lata  improve- 
mentsinelectro-metalturgy  hasbeeo  the  aucceaaful  appli- 
catioD  of  tliis  mode  ot  aiivering  to  the  softer  and  loaa 
valiulile  melala,  which  has  given  an  impulse  to  the  pro- 
duction of  Bitides  aidant  in  form,  and  cheaper  in  pro- 
portion  ■•  the  value  at  the  foundation  on  irbiDli  the 
dapoait  ia  made  decraaaea. — W.  C.  A.] 

Plain  fiddle  pattern,  and  registered  pierced  pattern 
^moni,  forks,  &e.,  electro-plated  on  nickel  silver, 

[^raoDB,  forks,  ftc.,  aw  formed  by  being  cut  out  of 
■beeta  of  rolled  German  or  nickel  silver;  tho  inatrument 
naad  to  eSect  this  purpose  ia  an  ordinary  preoa  and  tools; 
the  oraamantation  is  produced  by  a  die  and  stamp,  aa  alao 
the  hallow  in  the  mouth  of  the  i^iooni  the  forma  are  thun 
convcCad  by  hand,  cleansed,  and  the  electro-deposit 
made  themon,  as  in  other  articles;  they  ore  brushed  with 
a  rarotving  bruah,  wet,  beer-grounds  being  used;  tliey 
are  than  burmahed  by  hand.— W.  C.  A.] 


36      DiioM,  Jaxm,  &  Sons,  S^^fdZ—Hanufacturera. 

Beat  Sheffield  plate. — Dish-cover,  melon  pattern,  regta- 
Insd.  Soup-tureen  and  stand,  oofTee-tray,  comer-dish, 
tea-um,  &e.,  of  the  Stowe  pattern,  antique  style. 

Sculptund  silver  candelabrum  and  epetgne,  with  ctyatol 
glaas,  woidiiiig  about  750  ouncea,  illuatrativs  of  the  Four 
aaasons,  &Hgned  by  Vincent  Nicholson;  also  a  maaaiva 
pUtaau,  eod^lad  h^  rock,  aea-gulli,  and  ahedla,  forming  ■ 


1  Victoria  kajia,  furnished  by  Joseph  Futon, 
Eai).,  gilt  in  parts.     Roistered. 

!^veT  chalice,  antique,  gilt  in  parts;  silver  chalice  and 
paten,  with  baa  relief,  gilt.  Table-dish  and  cover,  with 
s|iijit-lamp.  Orvcian  double  dish  in  two  sizes,  with 
•oup-tureeD.  Romn!  silver  tea  trny,  weighing  IHl  uuiiecB. 
UbIoDg  coffL-e-tmy,  vino  pattern ;  c»ire«.traja  :  oval, 
chaste,  beaded  pattern.  [&tn!e  dish,  with  warmer  and 
xpirit-bunp. 

(.'sse  of  Wellington  and  beailed  pattern  spooiia  and 
f'-rks.  Uiiii|ue  tea  service,  pliitod  on  liritaniiia  luutul; 
ivy  |iattem  and  (Kif^xlH  |iattum. 

Specimens  of  Britaniiui  tnot.'kl  illiistrnted  frcim  tho  on 
l>'  the  finished  article,  showing  the  compound,  and  tho 
villus  stngua  tlimiigh  wldch  ouch  article  |ias««8. 

Hut-water  venison-dish,  with  cover.  Uucf-Hteak  diah, 
witli  cuver  and  comer  disti.  Swiug-kettlc.  with  cO|>por 
b.AUiia  and  apirit-lanip.  ItoHistorod  [wtt^ru  ten-pot,  in 
lari-'US   tiien.     A   great    viui«ty   of  tca-i«>tB    and    othur 

Shooting- tackle.  Gilt  silver  powdur  finsk,  engraved; 
with  a  variety  of  jmuchi's,  pni  and  piatol  flasLi,  dnini- 
t^ittW,    and   shot-belta,    with    every    liiud    of    topu  or 

;l»  School  or  Dksioji,  .SA.i/Btfti— Prnducore. 

Carved  oak  cabinet  and  aiduboard . 


4(1         RoflERn  &  Hall,  Shrjjktd — Manufacturers. 

T™tray,  antique  [atU-m,  chniwd  cuntro.  Tca.uni, 
.'lisHnl,  and  silver.nK^untcd.  Tua-lirttlu  and  aL-uiJ, 
t')iwe<l,  with  opirit.laiup.  Tea  and  coffue  mtvil-c,  chiiN.Ml, 
r>-nsiiting  of  lea  and  coflce  jiot,  sugar-liaiiiii,  and  cream- 
ever,  Eilt  inuile. 

S|iirit-fr>une,  enilwsscd,  with  cut  flint-gliis.1  bottlcH. 
Iiipi»r  and  cruet  framcM,  silver .iiionnteii  and  jiiorceil, 
ulth  cut  blue  glass  bottle*,  in  Ni]«rate  ci'nipnrtiiicntM, 
wl,ich  can  be  unsirrewol  and  Ltken  off  for  cU'aniiig;  on  a 
new  principle.  Cruet  frames,  Hilver-mountt'd,  ciiiIumhoI, 
and  pierced,  with  cut  flint-glass  bottlos.  Egg-fiumu, 
with  cufa,  gUt  inode,  and  gilt  spouns. 


Antique  aslvars,  with  plain  border  and  engraved  centre*. 
Round  salvere,  with  embossed  silver,  shell,  vine,  and 
scroll  borders,  and  chased  centre.  Bread-basket,  wiUi 
embossed  silver  shield,  leaf.pattem  border,  and  chased 
centre.  Bread-basket,  with  silver  vine  border  and  pieroed 
and  chased  centre.  Cake-basket,  with  silver  border  and 
chased  centre. 

Registered  toast.racks,  one  designed  from  the  wheat 
plant,  and  another  plain;  both  with  oblique  bars.  The 
annexed  cut  represents  the  registered  tOast-nck,  deaigned 
from  the  wbeat'plaot. 


Candlestick  of  square  she]] 
candlestick  Itound  candlesti 
loaf  borders  UuidlcKtick  of  emboseod  silver  vine  pattern. 
Kuuud  can<llostii.k  lulver  mounted.  Hound  shaped  ur 
fluted  candlestick   with  silter  border. 

Ceutru  piecL     cmboeHed    with    plateau,    holilio);   largo 

arms  with  suckots  for  liglita.     Tlic  centra  can  be  taken 
mtroduLwl,  which  b'llds  four     ' '''      ' 


li^ht* 


the  s 


nil  c 


stale  • 


wd,  making  in  all  l:i  ligiita,  when  the  crystal  banini 


i>ckets 


toj>  I  H>tt1e. slides . 


ailvor-mounled  bottle  slide.  Pierced  tv.iirt«d- 


The  ai">vc  arUi 


Silver 


I  ore  all  electro. plated  upon  n 
put  together  with  bard  Bolder,  v 
eiita  any  dau^^r  of  their  couiuig  otjti 


>'Ar/hV/J— Manufacturers . 


niutnl  w 


I,  Sh<J'd.j 


t2  I'ADLF.V,  1'aBKIN,  &  StAMI 

Spccinionfl  ot  plattd  rwkIk,  i.latfid  with  "liver  upon 
icnnnn  Kilver  in  tho  ingot,  oihibitoii  tor  ijuality  and 
tumbility. 

Engraveil  rpergnc  and  i>lateau.  Plain  and  tluiM-.!  di..U- 
weiB.     Candelabrum  or  ccutre-piece,  with  glaaa  cuntrc 


0LAB8  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  te). 
SouTB  Cektbal  Oallbrt. 


for  BowBrs.  Chued  kottle  and  Htnnd,  with  ooffi>e  mid 
toi-Bervice  en  I'lile.  Raiaed  chaeed  kuttle  and  utand. 
tengroved  coffoe  and  tea-aervice.  Fniit-biuiketa  of  dif- 
ferent dim^riM.  Small-aized  round  chaoed  waiters.  Large 
DTol  choeod  coffee-tray. 

Hexagon  pierced,  ctuued,  and  pierced  orUBt-founea, 
Pair  of  four-liottle  pierced  cniot-fromea.  Round  flower- 
border  comur  diah,  with  hot-water  etand.  Saufflet-diah, 
Bud  pierced  liquor-frame,  with  coloured  bottlea.  Pierced 
decanter-Btand,  and  ongraTed  egg-fVame.     Pierced  iak- 

Butter-coolem,  with  engraved  cover  and  stand,  and 
chaeed  cover  and  piercsd  Htand. 

IdTge  and  amall  engraved  table  candleeticlcH,  with 
three-light  branch,  and  engraved  bed-room  candleetick 
™  siiilt.  Plain  gadroon  candleafciok.  Sundry  muHtard- 
tankarda,  salt-etanda,  &c. 

Ingot  of  German  ailver.  witb  a  piece  of  atandard  ailver 
upon  it,  ready  for  plating.  Ingot  of  int-tal,  pl:it«d,  aa 
taken  out  of  tho  furnace.  Sundiy  pieeea  of  plated  metal, 
rolled  down  from  the  ingot,  ready  for  working. 

[The  operation  in  the  present  inatoQce  U  [lerformod  b; 
keat  and  pressure,  and  the  superGcial  covering  of  the 
foundation  is  effected  previously  to  the  commencement 
of  the  manipulation  of  the  vorlunim  who  makes  the 
•Uticle.  A  piece  of  silver  or  gold  is  placed  upon  an  ingot 
of  tho  metal  to  be  plated,  and  ia  introduced  into  a  furnace, 
a  flux  having  bean  put  between  tho  two  surfaces,  when, 
at  a  given  point  of  heat,  funon  of  the  two  Burfacee  takes 
place,  and  complete  adhsnon  ta  effected.  The  ingot  is 
then  rolled  out  into  sheets  by  the  ordinary  proceaa  of 
rolling  between  WbcI  rolle™.— W.  C.  A,] 

43    Bboadhead  &  Atkins.  SAe^rirf— ManufiicturerB. 

Silver  plate.  Electro-oilver  plate.  Britannia  metal 
gooda.     Mounted  jugs,  &c. 

A  group  of  electro-plated  articles  for  the  toa-tuble, 
coffee  and  tea-pot,  cream-ewer,  and  ai^^-lrasiu.  Thin 
group  is  represented  in  the  following  jtluatration. 


bacouaualian  ligures.  CaodcUbrum,  with  figure  of  Mer- 
cury, t'audulabnim,  with  Grecian  ornament.  Ice-pail 
^Warwick  voBe),  with  pedestal.  Silver  pine-vase,  with 
plateau,  arabesque,  and  grapes.  Siigar-vaae  and  cover, 
of  similar  design.  Silver  sugar-stand,  arabewjiie  demgn. 
Tea-uni,  with  embossed  scrolls  and  flowers.  C'offee-traya, 
oval,  chased,  a[id  witli  reeded  shell  borders. 

Regurtered  venison-dish  and  cover,  Kli/abethan,  nitli 
■ide-dish  and  cover,  with  hot-water  stand,  of  similar 
design,  anil  soup  and  aauce  tureens. 

Kiigiatered  side-dioh  and  cover,  Tudor  stylo  of  oma- 

Kilver  decanter-stands,  pattern,  vino  and  Rotyr's  head, 
with  gnifwa.  Silver  biimd-bnaket,  with  bacchanalian 
luoskK.  Ureod-bueket,  with  water-lenves,  ahull  bonier. 
Silverclaret jug,  with  design,  " Uebe." eniboued.  Silver 
olaret  jug,  witb  "  Nautilua"  design. 


I,  antique,  fretwork,  with 


Candlesticks,  dive 
masks,  hexagon. 
Hegiatered  silver  inkatanda,  of  Elizabethan  and  Egyp- 

Bilver  cniet-&auio,  hexagonal,  pierced.  Silver  cruet- 
frames,  of  arabesque  and  crescent  designs.  Silver  ciim- 
mnaion-service,  four  pieces  in  mediicval  style,  with  en- 
graved texte,  and  ornaments.  Silver  oommunion  pocket- 
servioe,  in  case.  Silver  font,  of  the  14th  centui?,  in 
case.  Silver  cups  for  children,  emboaaed,  with  Tudi>f 
and  fuchsia  oruaments.  Silver  taper-stead,  clust*ire>) 
pillar.  Silver  muffineer,  emboBMd.  Silver  mustard- 
tankard  and  salt-cellar,  with  Ootbic  leaf  ornament. 
Silver  butter-cooler,  in  Tudor  style,  engraved. 

45    Ceeswi 


The  whole  of  the  articles  in  the  following  list  are  plated 
ly  fire,  and  have  silver  mountings,  except  the  flgurea  oo 
litre  piece,  No.  S51,  the  bonlera  of  plateau,  No.  8M, 


1,  and  have  silver  mountings,  except  t 
<  piece,  No.  Sil,  the  bonlera  of  ^at«au. 
and  waiter.  No.  871,  which  are  plated  b;  the  electnt- 


type  pro 

Candelabra,  plated  on  German  silver.  Centre-picKe. 
Epergne  and  plateau.  Fruit  stand,  plated  on  German 
silver.  Centre  stand  and  plateau,  plated  on  Qennan  silvar. 
Flower  stand,  plated  on  German  ailver. 

Caudleaticks,  nith  bnncbes,  plated  on  German  ailvor. 
Venison  dish  and  cover.  Cramer  dishes  and  covers, 
plated  on  German  silver.  Caseerole  and  cover.  Cawo' 
role  and  cover,  plated  on  German  ailver,  with  warmer. 

Ice  paihi,  |)lat«d  on  German  ailver.  Double  shell  wit- 
cellar,  gilt  inoide.  SaJtcellan,  ailver  feet,  gilt  inside. 
Bottle  stand,  silver  shield.  Carriage,  with  a  pair  of 
bottle  stands,  silver  shield.  Wuters.  Waiten,  plated 
on  albata,     Candlestidu. 

Bread  bosket,  plated  on  German  silver,  silver  handle- 
Cruet  &aao,  silver  handle,  feel,  and  tops,  tuketaud. 
plated  on  German  silver.  Embossed  tea  kettle  and 
Intend,  plated  on  German  ailver,  with  tea  pot,  sugar  basin, 
and  croun  ewer.     Table  dish  and  cover. 

40 


M'aBEGOB,  H.,  Pcn-tA— Uann&oturer. 
Ram's  head,  mounted  in  diver,  with  Scotch  stoned,  a 
snuff-box  and  a  cigar-case. 


47       Ueieb  &  UoRTnm^  Otorge  Strett,  £dmbiirg\ — 
Designers  and  HanufiuAurera. 
Ornaments  of   different  Highland  rt^menta  in   Ilcr 
Majesty's  servics.     Also,  patterns  of  the  tartans  and  kitta, 
with  specimens   of  dirks,    puraes,  broodMs,  and    other 
occoutroments  worn  by  each. 


51  BiDEN,  JOHM  &  FrEDKRICK,  .' 

Proprietors  and  Monufacturere. 
Twelve  signet  rings,   designs  the  property  of  exhi- 

a.  Bloodstone,  Vesica  riscis,  scroll  omomenta,  standsnl 
gold. 

b.  White  cornelian,  enaniel  scale  armour.  >l«ndard  gold. 

c.  Bloodstone,  oniainonta  taken  from  the  Saxon  hep- 
tarchy A.n.  TOO,  standard  gold. 

d.  Ked  cornelian,  enamelled  red,  oiler  the  Arabesque 
style,  22  carat  gold. 

e.  Whitecomelion,  enamelled  green,  aftersiniilarstyle, 
22  caiHit  gold. 

/.  Sardonyx,  in  csmco,  shield  for  engraving,  Normao 
style  A.n.  I  KM),  standard  gold. 

<j.  Ited  cornelian,  on  the  ahank  a  globe,  wraatbs  of 
olive,  inott"  Pax,  in  enamel,  stuudard  gold. 

A.  BlmnUtone,  Saxon  shiutd,  ansign  of  tit.  George,  in 
enamel,  2'^  carat  gold. 

;'.  White  comeliau,  antique  ahield,  ahank  bearing  the 
crohtes  of  St.  GtKHxe.  St.  Andrew,  and  St.  I'atrick  it> 
enamel,  '22  canA  gold. 

i.  Urieotal  ametbyat.  anchors  entwined  by  oabUa. 
Union  jack  in  eoame],  22  carat  gold. 


Kdcodom.] 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 

South  Central  Gallebt. 


681 


/.  Blade  and  white  onyx,  in  cameo  shield  for  engraving, 
enunel  Arabesque  ornaments,  18  carat  gold. 
«.  Sardonyx,  in  cameo  fancy  scroll,  18  carat  gold. 

[The  art  of  gem,  cameo,  and  seal  engraving  is  of  consi- 
derable antiquity,  as  the  number  and  excellence  of  the 
^tectmaos  in  the  collections  of  our  own  and  other  coun- 
trisa  abundantly  testify,  exclusive  of  the  evidence  of 
Holy  writ,  that  a  knowledge  of  the  process  was  fiumiliar 
mwmk  to  the  Jews.  The  following  expression  occurs 
in  Exodus  :  "  l^th  the  work  of  an  engraver  on  stone, 
like  the  engravings  of  a  signet,  shalt  thou  engrave  the 
two  stars  with  the  names  of  the  children  of  Israel." 
The  Barberini  vase  is  one  of  the  most  successful  speci- 
mens of  relief  engravings  on  a  material  akin  to  precious 
stoiies.^W.  C.  A.] 

n,  o,  p.  £k>lid  standard  gold  Roman  rings.  Sards  and 
Uoodstone. 

Tsn  gold  seals,  via. : — 

1.  Chased  amethyst,  22  carat.  2.  Sporting  horses,  &c., 
crystal.  3.  Fox-hunt,  crystal,  4.  Chneyhound,  red  cor- 
neiuui.  5.  Round  jug  with  compass,  bloodstone.  6.  Fox- 
scalp  handle,  red  cornelian.  7.  Scroll-handle  swivel, 
seal  and  wafer,  red  cornelian.  8.  Coloured  swivel,  white 
eomeliao  and  bloodstone.  9.  Scroll,  fine  sard.  10.  Leaf- 
handle,  red  cornelian. 

Various  desk  seals  mounted  in  gold,  designed  by 
exhibitors,  the  asate  handles  of  foreign  manufiu;ture. 

A  library  seal,  cairngorm,  engraved  with  the  arms 
■nd  badges  of  U.  R.  H.  Prince  of  Wales,  mounted  in  silver 
gilt,  the  figures  representing  the  four  Seasons,  supporting 
the  handle,  surrounded  by  wreaths  of  oak  from  the  top ; 
one  of  the  badges  of  H.  R.  U.,  in  enamel  on  gold,  designed 
by  exhibitors. 

A  brooch  in  enamel,  modelled  firom  the  Yictoria  Regia 
lUy. 

Impressions  of  seals  engraved  on  stone,  steel,  or  gun 
metal ;  also  impressions  taken  b  v  Rider^s  process  on  wax, 
the  manufacture  of  Messrs.  Hyde. 

[Seals  are  at  all  times  executed  in  intaglio  (or  sunk) ; 
in  cameoti  the  reverse.  The  surrounding  surface  is  cut 
am-av,  an«l  the  subject  is  shown  in  relief  with  its  minute 
details  :  not  unfrequently  effect  is  given  by  selecting  a 
stone  or  other  material  stratified  ;  the  sui>erior  surface 
forms  the  subject,  and  the  surrounding  |>ortion  being 
cut  down  to  the  dark -coloured  strata,  or  layer,  shows 
the  figure,  &c.,  in  relief  with  additional  effect. 

The  process  of  seal,  or  gem-cutting,  is  performed  in 
a  manner  similar  to  glass  engraving,  viz.,  by  means  of 
a  small  lathe  and  copiier-cutting  tools,  which  revolves 
with  the  siiindle,  and  is  moved  by  ordimuy  treddles  its  a 
foot  lathe ;  the  tools  are  occasionally  touched  with 
diamond  duxt  and  oil,  which  fiicilitates  and  effects  the 
indentation  or  incision  ;  the  more  minute  the  work  the 
smaller  the  UxyU — they  are  in  many  instances  mere 
ptiints.  Care,  a  knowledge  of  form,  and  uo  small  amount 
uf  taste,  in  connexion  with  good  vision,  is  essentially 
neoeaoary  to  the  seal-engraver  ;  the  hand  and  eye  being 
the  (»nly  guides  to  assist  him  in  the  ])roductiou  of  such 
minute  and  laborious  works.— W.  C  A.] 

A  fine  gold  key,  set  with  stones.  Manufactured  by 
F.  Drury,  41  Gee  Street,  Goswell  Street. 

A  likeness  in  profile  of  the  Queen,  coinp)Hed  of  1,114 
fine  and  jterfect  diamonds,  rof*e  cut.  Manufiictured  by 
W.  Stacy,  17  St.  Alban's  Place,  Kdgeware  Roiid. 

52  KaTON,  ElIZABKTH,   !♦>  Irrinv  Crfirmt,  Ciijij>lej'it<' — 

Manufacturer. 
Silver  forks,  s|>o«»ns,  &c. 

53  WooDBRIDGE,  Thomas,  4  Alhim  Jiihul,  JLAlnnnj — 

Proprietor. 
Chase<l  silver  design — Death  on  the  Pale  Horse,  fr<»ni 
the  jiainting  by  West.     The  silver  is  only  1-3'Jud  part 


of  an  inch  in  thickness;  the  legs  of  the  horse,  as  also  the 
string  of  the  bow,  are  all  beaten  up,  and  not  soldered  on. 

54  Rawungs,  Joseph,  85  Portland  Road, 

Regenfa  Park — Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  miniature  frame,  mounted  and  engraved — 
imitation  of  or-molu. 

55  Mills,  Micbakl,  17  Ossulston  Street,  Somers  Town — 

Producer. 

Embossed  and  chased  salver,  produced  from  a  plain  sheet 
of  silver;  subject — "Aurora,  or  the  Hours,"  after  Guide; 
border,  after  the  Tredacna  shell. 

Silver  gilt  claret-iug,  in  the  Venetian  style,  after  the 
pattern  of  one  in  tne  possession  of  the  Andromini  family 
at  Venice. 

Prayer-book,  in  Italian  taste,  mounted  in  silver  on 
purple  velvet,  with  a  fine  chasing  in  the  centre. 

56  Inderwick,  John,  58  Princes  Street, 

Leicester  Square. 

Smoking-pipe  of  Meerschaum,  with  a  carved  representa- 
tion of  the  death  of  Nelson,  moimted  in  gold  and  silver. 

Registered  tube  tor  smoking-pipe.  JBy  compressing 
the  tube  with  the  fingers,  the  smoke  is  conveyed  to  the 
lips  without  the  trouble  of  inhalation. 

[Meerschaum,  out  of  which  the  above  pipe  is  made,  is 
a  mineral  substance  found  in  the  islands  of  Samoa,  Negro- 
pont,  &c. ;  it  is  at  times  used  by  the  Turks  as  a  substi- 
tute for  fuller^s-earth  ;  also  in  the  manufacture  of 
tobacco-pipes.  The  ease  with  which  it  is  worked  adapts  it 
to  the  construction  of  ornamented  articles. — W.  C.  A.] 

57  MoBTiMEB,  W.  H  ,  12  Httrley  Street,  Cavendi^  Square 

— Inventor. 
Mechanism  in  gold  for  rectifying  irregularities  in  the 
growth  of  the  teeth. 

58  Durham,  J.  B.,  466  New  Oxford  Street^ 

Manufacturer. 
Cast-steel  chatelaine,   in  the  antique  style,  with  im- 
proved scissors  and  tablet. 

59  Cli^jll,  William,  53  Polatul  Street,  Oxford  Street— 

Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  workmanship  in  human  hair. 

60  Wabriner,  William,  1»3  Charlotte  Street, 

Fitzrotj  S'l uare — Manufacturer. 
A  finished  or-molu  miniature  frame,  set   in  crimson 
velvet.  

r)2     LOEWENSTARK,  A.  1).,  1  Jhrere^tx  Court,  Stratid — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Silver  filligree  ancient  incense-iUTi,  la<ly*s  table  bell, 
and  iKjpiHjr-caHtor,  in  three  divisions,  made  of  some  thou- 
hjukIh  of  pieces  of  silver  ydr*i.  The  first  division  is  to 
iwlniit  the  inccnso  through  a  small  door.  Tlie  second 
contains  tho  bell.  The  third  or  top  division  is  the  i)cpi>er- 
castor.  The  top  and  straight  \*iirt  unscrews  to  ailmit 
the  pepiHjr.     Tho  whole  is  j)ut  together  with  'M  screws. 

Ditfei-ent  si>ocinieurt  of  tilligree  work.     Masonic  i>earls. 

(]:\       Restell,  Richard,  3:>  I/h/h  Street,  Cn'i/<l"n — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Registered  cylin<lrical  bn>och  protector:  in  gold,  silver, 
gilt,  and  black,  with  oniainentjil  [>en<lant8  and  chains ; 
alsc)  with  novel  spring  ])en(lant  holder. 

154  GooDwix,  CiiAKUX — Propriet<^>r. 

China  vase,  mounte<l  in  metal  gilt.  Bloo<lstone  cup, 
mounted  in  silver  gilt,  and  oniameuted  with  a  variety  of 
stones.     Pastile  burner. 


♦  ;.•)   WiSKDILL,  G.  v.,  1  Oli^ure^ter  Plarr,  Proyj^rt  lloxr, 
\V'il">>rth  //'Hi*/— Inventor  and  Maimfiuturer. 
Specimens  of  registere*!  fa«<teiiiiig  for  bi-ooches,  watch- 
l>rotector8,  &c.     Si>ecimeurf  of  self-acting  double  spring 
swivels. 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  ftc. 
SouTB  Cbntbal  Qallery. 


66  Abbott,  Oeobue,  i  Percy  Stnet,  Bedford  Square— 

Producer. 

BroDze  aUtuette ;  th«  Duke  of  Wellingtoa  at  Waterloo. 

A  silvsr  emboning  of  His  Ro^  Highneu  Pi^ioe 
Albert,  uid  of  "  The  Siaten,"  oiler  Stephanoff. 

A  cut,  inailver,  not  cba»d,  fromaoembcoviigC'The 
InooDstant ")  after  Stephaaoff'. 

67  MoRLET,  Thonas,  140  High  AMAom— Proprietor. 
Elsctro-gitding  on  soft  metal,  adapted  for  medala  < 

■Of  other  purpo«ee. 

68  WoiUT,  Locru  John,  45  Upper  Tori  Street, 
Bryatwton  Square — Derigner  and  Hadufwturer. 

Deak  asal,  mounted  in  guld,  olosely  set  with  turquoiw 
'      '     •         ■  luntod  wit 


69  Gowi^ND,  TboMjU,  6  Leadenhall  Street — Inventor. 
Begiitered  dedgn  for  ipring  catch  faatenera  for  brooches 

and  bracelets.       

70  Bakeweli,  Wnjjui,  25  ffqi  Lion  Street, 
Clerkamli — Artist,  iDTeutor,  and  Uanufootnrer. 

Specimeni  of  bnir  for  lockets,  brooches,  fto.     Inscrip- 
tions and  initials  of  pearls.    Piiiice  of  Wales'  fecthers  in 


71  Lee,  Ben;.,  41  Rathbone  Plai 
Bracelets  of  new  desifn  and  oonatruction,  composed 

of  human  hair  and  goli^  mixed  throughout;  the  hair 
plaited  by  hand.  &oocbe«  of  Taried  designs,  composed 
uf  aerem  shades  of  hair.  Hair  guord-cluuD,  of  a  new 
uttem.  Albert  guards  with  keys  of  hail  aet  in  gold. 
Breaat-pins  and  croeaea. 

72  SKVUoutL,'EDUOiiD&}AMaB,4QaerrardStreet,Soho— 

Proprietora. 

Small  enamelled  gold  vase,  withportnutaofHerHajeaty 
and  Prince  Albert  (painted  on  enamel  in  imitation  of 
cameoe  by  J.  Haslem).  The  vue  deeigDed,  engraved, 
and  enamelled  by  the  eihihitora. 

[EuBinelliiig  haa  not  been  neglected  in  this  country. 
Enamelled  trinkets  have  been  found  in  andent  British 
barrows.  The  Soiona  practised  the  art,  as  la  proved  by 
the  enamelled  jewel,  made  by  command  of  thu  great 
Alfred,  now  at  Oxford;  and  the  gold  enamelled  cup 
given  by  King  John  to  the  corporation  of  Lynn,  in 
Norfolk,  is  evidence  that  the  Normans  were  aoquaioted 
with  the  art.  Bwidea  the  tomb  of  Edward  the  Confeaaor, 
in  Westminster  Abbey,  there  are  other  proofs  that  ena- 
melling was  known  in  England  in  the  middle  ages.] 

73  HoFB,  HbnrtTboiias,  1 16 /'looarfi/^y— Proprietor. 
Casket,  containing  a  blue  diamond,  weighing  177  grains, 

mounted  as  a  medallion,  surrounded  by  brilliatils,  and 


[Diamonds  are  found  white,  [dnk,  onngo,  yellow, 
green,  blue,  and  black.  To  es^nate  their  tbIdb,  an- 
cording  to  Jefiriea,  mnltipty  by  itself  tha  nomber  of 
oarats  of  weight,  and  again  multiply  the  liua  by  tba 
nJne  per  carat;  the  value  depends  on  the  qnslity  oT  the 
stone.  It  was  suppoaad  impoanble  to  out  them  ontil 
the  jtar  1486,  when  Uke  discovetf  ww  made  at  Bn^ea 
of  uaijig  diamond  dust  for  that  purpose.  The  Kogul 
diamond,  now  in  poaseodon  of  Her  Majesty,  wei^is  279^ 
carats,  was  estimated  by  I^vemier  at  468,ii9l.,  and  by 
JeSries'  standard,  would  be  worth  about  622,000/.  The 
Empress  of  Ruaua,  in  ITT2,  bought  a  diamond  of  729 
cants.  The  Regent,  in  the  French  orown  jewal^  wdgha 
136)  cants.— H.  T.  H.} 

[The  diamond  consists  chemically  itf  the  element  carbon, 
in  its  purest  form.  When  perftetly  pore.  It  is  absolutely 
without  inherent  colour.  The  colouring  matter  aiiaea 
from  the  presence  of  some  foreign  substaaoe  in  aztmnel  j 
minute  proportions.  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  from  the  r«&«a- 
tive  properties  of  Ute  diamond,  long  snce  made  tlw 
happy  conjecture  that  It  was  a  combustible  body,  which 
experiment  has  frequently  demonitnted- — B.  B.] 


Specimens  of  patent  spiral  bstening,  which  tnny  be 
securely  attached  to  any  ortiale  of  dress  withoot  sewing; 
ad^ited  to  buttons,  atud^  pins,  brooches.  In. 


'5         Bailbt,  W.,  Otorgt  Street,  Qomntt  Strtat— 

Manufacturer. 
Bpedmens  of  electro  .gilding  on  metsls. 


'6  Cahfbeu,  Akdbkw,  43  TottM^am  Caul 

Boad—lnventoT,  Designer,  and  Maouftwturer. 
Registered  standard  gold  eorauoopio,  -i— jjj-H  to  «oi 
line  the  three  several  usn  of  a  dnm  brooch,  a  flow< 
.older,  and  a  watch  protector. 


Robert  le 

Silver  anuff-boi,    smbosaed   bas-rellrf'.      The    mt« 
representing  Daphnia  teechlug  Chloe  to  pl^  tlw  flute. 


3        Edwakds,  Robert,  26  Lali  Street,  Ltiealtr 

Square — Monu&wturer. 
Specimens  of  diSbrent  coloun  and  tints  of  enamel  for 
jewellery. 

Qold  rings  with  enamel.  Portraits,  in  enamel,  of  tbe 
Queen,  Prince  Albert,  Shakespeare,  and  the  Duke  of 
Wellington.  Oold  waistcoat-buttons,  ooot-buttona,  and 
shirt'pm,  with  enamel  portraits  of  dogs. 


}  Bubs,  Henut,  IS  Omat  Netepori  Street, 

Leicetter  Siuare — Designer,  Engnver,  and  EDsmaller. 
Uedollion:  an  aaaemblBge  of  shields,  displ^ing  tha 
heraldic  devices,  in  iucLaed  enameb,  on  gold  aod  silver, 
of  the  nations  whose  industrial  works  ai«  shown  in  the 
great  Exhibition  of  1851.  The  shields  are  supported  aa 
either  side  by  branches  of  laurel  and  olive.  The  antjn 
composition  is  surmounted  by  the  Royvl  Ctawn  of 
England,  in  proper  ooloun. 

[Incised  enamelling  is  abionoh  of  decorative  art  eapaUo 
:  extensive  application  to  the  adommcDt  of  gold  sad 
silver  plate,  jeweUerjr,  oaUnet,  and  oUmt  woiL) 


KCfODOM.] 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 

South  Central  Gali.ery. 


683 


80       Zimmerman,  Godfrey  &  Sixon,  38  Old  Bond 

Street — ^Manufacturers. 

Vorphjiy  and  malachite  casket,  mounted  in  or-molu, 
with  comers  set  with  gems.  Silver  equestrian  statuette 
of  the  Queen,  on  ebony  pedestal;  silver  figure  of  Prince 
Albert.    Silver  figure  of  Charles  the  First. 

Two  small  mounted  agates,  enamelled  and  set  with 
jewels. 


81 


Stocxxh,  Charles,  53  Regent  Street- 
Manufacturer. 
A  Tiriety  of  dresaing-oasee. 


83  Qasb,  S.  H.,  &  D.,  166  Begent  StreH— 

Proprietors. 

Sntvr  doMCil  service,  of  new  design,  modelled  from 
water  plants  in  Kew  Gardens  (by  permission  of  Sir  W. 
JtAatm  Hooker,  F.RS.,  Director). 

No.  1  represents  the  Nymphsa  thermalis,  or  Hungarian 
water  lily,  in  flower;  the  leaves  intended  to  receive  the 
▼arious  fruits,  and  the  stems  springing  from  rock-work, 
on  which  are  growing  several  rock-plants,  the  Blechnum 
ceridentaU,  of  South  America,  and  the  Polypodiunif  of  the 
East  Indies.  Each  leaf  is  capable  of  supporting  a  weight 
of  mors  than  6  lbs. 

No.  2  represents  the  Nymphaa  rubral  or  red  water  lily, 
of  the  East  Indies,  in  flower;  the  rock-work  decorated 
with  the  Piper  tpecumtm,  the  Blechnum  occidentcUe,  and  the 
Poif^podhim. 

No  3  represents  the  CcdkuHfun  and  flower;  the  rock- 
work  decorated  with  the  Piper  specioeum,  and  the  Blechnum 
oocidentak. 

No.  4  represents  the  Dillenia  speciosa,  which  has  not 
to  flower  ;  the  rock-work  decorated  with  the 
Btsehmmn  ocddentaie. 

Silver  oentre-pieoe,  illustrative  of  a  scene  in  Egypt;  the 
plinth  suppcnied  by  a  sphinx;  the  group  of  figures  are 
"  the  women  of  the  country  fetching  water  from  a  well;" 
and  the  centre  is  a  representation  of  the  Doum  palm-tree. 

Silver  sugar-vase,  composed  of  the  sugar-cane  sur- 
rounding a  glass  dish,  engraved  in  delineation. 

A  silver  Mdt-cellar,  representing  the  Nijmphcea  rubra 
growing  on  rock-work,  supporting  a  glass. 

Silver  comer  dish,  with  dome  cover,  and  opon-work 
flower  border,  the  handle  representing  the  Iris  flower. 

Silver-gilt  cup,  with  figures  (after  a  design  by  R.  Red- 
grave, Esq.,  R.A.). 

Pair  of  silver-foliage  pattern  taper  candlesticks. 

Silvered  jewelle<l  dessert  Bet,  in  Elizabethan  style,  con- 
sisting of  knives,  forks,  and  spoons,  set  with  gems  of  va- 
rii>us  kinds,  variously  finished,  some  silver,  others 
silver-gilt,  and  others  partly  silver  and  gilt. 

BrcMtch,  in  the  style  of  the  cinque-cento  period,  set 
with  precious  stones;  representing  a  Gothic  niche,  com- 
pnned  of  carbuncles  and  diamonds,  with  a  figiu*o,  in  bril- 
liants, of  "Britaxmia  holding  a  trident"  and  an  ancient 
nwidle,  in  rubies,  standing  on  a  shell,  imdcmeath  which 
u  the  subdued  dragon,  terminating  with  three  pearl 
dropii. 

Csrbuncle  and  diamond  bracelet,  with  portraits  of  the 
Queen  and  H.  R.  H.  the  Prince  of  Wales  (after  the 
fsunting  by  R.  Thorbum,  Esq.,  A.R.A.),  executed  in 
niello,  the  revival  of  an  art  of  the  11th  contiu*y,  and  a 
novelty  as  applied  to  miniature  portraits  (the  engraving  by 
Mr.  J.  J.  Crew). 

Silver  gauntlet  niello  bracelet,  designed  by  D.  Macliso, 
Esq.,  R.A.,  descriptive  of  "The  Promined  Gift,"  "The 
Gift  Ordered,"  and  "The  Presentation,"  interlacetl  with 
decorative  illustration  (the  engraving  by  Mr.  J.  J.  Crew). 

[Niello  was  the  art  of  line  engraving  on  metal,  the  in- 
terstices of  which  were  fille<l  up  with  a  dark  metal  com- 
position. It  was  used  before  the  art  of  taking  of  impres- 
sions was  known,  is  described  by  the  monks  Theophihis 
and  Cellini,  and  its  most  celebrated  professor  was  Maso 
of  Florence,  in  the  15th  century. — H.  T.  H.] 


Williams's  patent  moveable  button,  seciuvd  by  turning 
the  shank;  adapted  for  articles  of  dress,  and  applicable 
to  any  sul^tances  used  in  the  manufactm*e  of  buttons. 

Vase,  24  inches  in  height  and  18  inches  in  circumfer- 
ence, composed  entirely  of  human  hair,  with  the  moimt- 
ings  and  ornamental  parts  in  metal  gilt.  Executed  by 
Mr.  J.  Woodley,  31  Cursitor  Street. 


84         Paratagua  &  Casella,  3  Brabant  Courts 
Philpot  Lane — Importers  and  Manufacturers. 

Branch  of  natural  rough  coral,  of  great  sisse  and  value. 
Carving,  representing  Bacchus,  of  the  finest  coral,  with 
pedestal  and  fittings. 

Gigantic  child's  coral.  Coral  bracelet,  set  in  gold. 
Necklace  of  diamond-cut  coral.  Pair  of  coral  drops, 
diamond-cut,  &c.  Diamond-cut  coral  pieces.  Coral  ca- 
meos. 

A  row  of  12  of  the  largest  coral  beads,  called  Codini. 

Long  row  of  lai^  coral  beads,  called  Caporesto  Moro. 

Large  bunches  of  coral  beads;  36  rows  assorted  large 
sizes,  called  Groesezze  Moro  ;  30  rows  regular  sizes, 
called  Filze  Moro;  54 rows  assorted  sizes,  called Mezzanie 
Moro;  71  rows  snoall  sizes,  called  Smezzati  Moro. 

Rows  of  finest  pink  coral  beads;  of  pipe  coral  beads, 
called  Olivette;  of  diamond-cut  oond.     Coral  negligdes. 

[Coral  is  the  internal  skeleton,  or  oi^gan  of  support, 
of  a  species  of  polype  (Corallium  rubrum),  of  which 
numerous  individuals  live  in  organic  association,  under 
a  ramified  form.  The  polype  individuals  are  provided 
with  eight  arms,  or  tentacula,  by  which  they  seize 
their  prey,  and  a  stomach  in  which  it  is  digested.  The 
common  connecting  flesh  is  nourished,  and  the  supporting 
axis  of  coral  is  secreted,  by  a  continuous  system  of  vessels 
common  to,  and  conveying  the  nutriment  from,  the 
several  individual  pol^-pes.  The  Corallium  rubrum  belongs 
to  the  order  Anthozoa  and  the  class  Polypi.  It  is  most 
common,  and  arrives  at  its  greatest  perfection,  on  the 
southern  shores  of  the  Mediterranean  Sea. — R.  0.] 


85  Barling,  Joseph,  90  High  Street,  Maidstone,  Kent — 
Designer  and  partly  Maker. 
Table  and  dessert  spoons  and  forks,  ornamented  in  a 
novel  manner  T^ith  enamel  to  form  a  part  of  a  dessert 
service,  exhibited  to  show  the  applicability  of  enamel  to 
the  ornamenting  of  various  articles  of  silver  plate. 


86  Nash,  Eliezer  (late  Joshua  Butler),  30  Otppice  Rmr, 
CUrkenirell — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Pencil-cases: — Engraved,  coloured  gold,  ami  set  with 
turquoise  ;  elongated  enamelled ;  tortoiscfthell,  gold- 
mounte<l ;  engine-turned  bright  gold ;  engraved  elongated ; 
triangular;  engine-turned  hexagon;  and  engraved  round 
silver. 

Penholders : — Engraved  silver-gilt  ;  and  on  pearl  and 
inlaid  ivory  handlcH. 

Set  of  silver  engraved  and  gilt  instruments,  comprising 
etui-c{ise,  crochet-needle,  scissors,  penknife,  ]>encil, 
stiletto,  thimble,  and  bodkin. 

Pons: — Gold  and  palladium,  with  nibs  of  iridium. 

Solid  pressed  tortoiscshell  snuff-boxes,  inlaid  and 
mounted  with  gold. 

Tablets: — Solid  book,  ornamented  like  the  preceding; 
solid  book,  silver  inlaid  and  mounted;  pearl,  inhud  with 
turquoine,  silver-mounted ;  and  ivory,  similarly  orna- 
mented. 

Trochus  shell,  inlaid,  \%'ith  engraved  gilt  mountings. 

Tortoiscshell  paj>er-folder. 

Set  of  tortoiscshell  instruments,  gold  inlaid  and 
mounte<l,  comprising  paper-folder,  pen-kuife,  penholder, 
pencil,  and  desk  Real. 

The  eljistic  |»allmlium  point,  or  lead-holder,  an  improve- 
ment applie<l  to  pencils,  wna  invented  by  Mr.  Jc«Iiua 
Butler,  and  has  been  in  use  20  years. 


Clabb  23.— works  in  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  fto.  [Uin 

South  Cbsteai.  Gallebt. 


87  Philups  BBOTHEBa,  2 1  CorJapnr  Street — 

iDveiiton  and  Producer*. 

Equestriui  itatuette,  subject — ■  British  Life-guard, 
■nodalled  from  life,  and  executed  in  oiidiBed  sjlver  and 
gold.  Tha  amu  and  accoutr«meiits  are  nuide  to  detach 
from  the  figure. 

This  Btstuette  is  nipi«sented  in  the  acaotopujiriiig 
illustration. 


Two  minifiture  statuettee  in  gold  and  silrer,  subject — 
I^lache,  as  Caliban. 

Statuettecompoied  of  oxidised  silver  and  gold;  subject 
— a  colouT-sergmit  of  the  Soots  Fuulier  Guards,  modelled 
from  life.  Two  miniature  copies  of  Uia  same  ad^ted  for 
««^  or  iitnl.iiettee,  &c. 

This  statuette  in  shown  in  the  annexed  cut. 


Casolette  in  bloodstone,  <^iasBd  with  the  attoibntea  of 
the  Life-gnaids;  the  same  with  attribute!  of  the  Foot 

Ornament,  fbrming  either  a  Berigne  brooeh  or  ehat*- 
lune,  formed  of  toju,  momitad  in  gold  and  brillianta. 
Brooch-atone  cameo  head,  Hunvunibd  bj  large  bril- 
hants,  with  ereat  and  coronat  of  amall  roae  dianionds. 

Curioiu  ornament  of  Cbineae  manu&cture,  is  nmdra 
fine  gold,  and  numerous  figures  in  relief. 

Two-day  ship  chronometer,  irith  the  latest  improva- 
ments,  previously  tested  at  the  Boyal  Obnrntory, 
Qreenwich. 

Gold  watches,  with  Taiious  eacapements,  fto.  A  Mriea 
of  alarums.  A  series  of  gold  swivels.  An  i"fc-*""t  and 
writing  utparatus,  composed  of  carved  ooral,  impoaied 
from  GagUardi,  of  Naples. 

A  set  of  chesamen  and  boards  in  ulver  and  gold,  in  tlw 
renniitance  style,  ornamented  with  cmam^  pnctotu 
stonee,  and  pearls.  The  chief  figures  are  portraila  of  the 
German  Emperor  Cbarlea  V.,  and  his  dau^iter,  Main- 
retta  of  Parma;  a  stadtholder  of  the  Nathct4anda;  kS^; 
Prancia  I.  of  Fiance,  and  hia  daughter,  Hai^uvttM  td 
Valoia;   and  a  casket  in  diver,  ci^d,  vwwna  pradona 

Htonea;  and  four  malachite  slabs Hamn,  C.  M.  Weis- 

hanpt,   Henau,  near   Fiankort,  B.  IL,  Praprietoia  and 

Bouquet  of  flowers  rising  out  of  a  olalaic  vaae,  com- 
posed of  silver,  and  wrought  by  hand. — Hasan,  ^odum 
Strubs  and  Son,  Leipzig,  Saxonj,  Froprietora  and  lYo- 

Bracelet  composed  of  three  extraordinary  spacinkeaa  of 
pink  topazes,  mounted  with  brilliants  in  fine  gold  and 
oreen  enamel.  Bracelet,  vrith  four  fine  enamels,  monnlad 
m  muuive  chainwork  of  gold.  Braoelet,  with  laige  model 
curb  chain  in  engraved  gold.  Braoelet,  with  booqiiat  nf 
diamonda  and  green  enamelled  leavea. 

Necklette  and  brooch,  in    carbuncle,  diamonda,    tur- 

loise,   blue  enamel,  and  gold.     Skull  vinaigtett«,  mo- 

lUed  in  gold. 

Seriea  of  twenty  signet  ring*,  afler  aatifoa  models,  in 
Htaodard  gold. 

Series  of  fifty  Goely  modelled  gold  pins,  sporting  and 
clnmical  subjects. 

Series  of  eleven  pins,  oompOMd  of  precious  atoosa. 

Gold  desk  seal,  figure  of  stag  on  white  oomdian.    Gold 
brooch,   stag  and  dogs.     Qold  brooclM 
various  gems.    A  set  of  original  sleeve  oi 

Sets  of  studs,  con^Kised  of  diamonds,  < 
opals,  and  nther  predous  gems.    Seta  of  vest  buttons, 
compoBed  of  rubies,  turquoise,  and  opals. 

Two-day  marine  chronometer,  jewelled  in  mz  holea, 
belix  balance  spring,  &c.,  in  mafacganj  box.  Another, 
jev>elled  in  Gveholea,  in  rosswood  box. 

A  library  clock,  in  eboniaed  carved  msple  ci 

capement  compound  chronometer  bahaoe,  qw>l  fri 
jewelled  id  six  bolee,  beats  the  aaoonds,  StIUM  tha  h 
and  repeats,  &c..  wiUi  glaa  ahade  and  ftaixL 

Carnage  clock,  in  engraved  and  gilt  oaaa,  patent  dataohsd 
lever  eaoapement,  jewdled  In  ax  holaa,  oompound  chro- 
nometer balance,  &o.,  with  glansbade  and  stand.  Ancrther, 
with  gold  balance,  &a. 

Camp  timepiece,  patent  detadted  lever  saayamsMt, 
jewelled;  enamelled  seconds  dial  plate ;  in  cii«ul«r  branaa 
case  with  engraved  and  gilt  boodle,  and  spring  adaptatioai 
to  support  an  inclined  position;  with  travelling  oaas,  Jko. 

Carnage  timepiece  in  a  gilt  and  engraved  case;  patent 
detached  lever  eecapement,  jewelled,  &c. ;  portable  ftom 
its  Satneee,  and  rendered  secure,  on  standmg,  by  a  new 
application  for  feet ;  travelling  case,  &a. 

A  vase  of  Gno  gold,  out  of  whitji  riass  a  flower  (oar- 
natioD) ;  compoesd  entirely  of  brillianta  and  mlriaB  wHh 
Amunelled  leavea.  Adapted  also  for  brooch  or  hid  or- 
nament.    A  collection  of  Bpedmem  of  enamel. 


88       Adamb,  G.  W.,  SbiHB'ZrnM— Kannfaoturer. 

Deesert  service,  silver  gilt;  the  Cauovs  pattets ;  ■ 
silver.  In  then  are  introduoed  that  artist's  "  Da 
flower-girl  repMlng,"  and  "Hebe."    Tbeflgvia  oi 


JMriapri^ 


Claw  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &o. 
South  Cehtbal  Qallebt. 


Iwwl  of  Ipoon  tad  fork  "  3^>pbo."  The  ocoompanjriiig 
illostrmtioii  rrpraHiitB  ■  knife  and  spoon  of  thi«  sarvioe, 
the  ornuaentAl  porta  of  which  onlj  are  Been. 


Bouquet,  of  rariouB-coloured  hair,  in  ■  Dew  style.  A 
family  bouquet  with  key.  Similar  bouquet  ornamented 
with  peaHa. 

91  WBEOfll,  GeOIHie  ft  M.,  28  Bartleiei  BtuUlmgi, 

Iliitbom — Macufacturera. 

Jeweller;  and  trinkets  of  gold,  silver,  agate,  predoui 
BtoueB,  and  pearls,  conaistiiig  of  broochea,  bracelet*, 
chsjns,  earringB,  lockets,  watch  protectors,  thimbles, 
pencils,  keya  aud  seals,  charms,  paper  knives,  cigar  cases, 
HQuff-boxes. 

Specimens  showing  the  progress  of  a  gold  bracelet  &om 
the  pure  metal  to  the  oomplete  article. 

92  Hahtet  ft  Co.,  126  ft  128  Regtnt  Sirtet— 

Proprietors. 
Silver  candelabram.    Ilie  base  is  triangular,  and  com- 
posed of  shell  work,  marina  plants,  and  water,  issuing 
through    apertures    formed    about    the    ornament,    and 
losing  iUelf  in  shells  placed  to  receive  it.     On  the  angles 
are  three  principal  figures;   Vomia  seated  upon  a  shell, 
exhibiting  the  golden  apple;  Siren  playiag  upon  sharp; 
and  Siren,  entwined  in  a  net,  and  presenting  to  Tenus 
strings  of  coral.     On  the  stem,    of  a  spii&l  form,   is  ti 
young  Triton,  crowning  Veoiu  with  a  wreath  of  pearls. 
Upon   the   summit,    surrounded   by    marine   plants,    is 
Cupid.     Springing  from  the  upper  part  of  the  stem  are 
throe  branchee  (to  bear  two  lights  each),  compossd  of 
sea-weeds  and  shells;  the  whole  forming  a  marine  corn- 
Silver  Qutad  claret-jng,  from  the  antique. 
Silver  plain  *fatar-jug,  from  the  antique. 
Silver  water-jug,  from  the  antique,  with  subjects  en- 
graved from  designs  by  Flaiman. 

Silver  statuette  of  Mercury,  designed  by  Woodington. 
Pair  of  sUver-chaaed  candieeticke, '  ■  Bays  and  dolphin." 
Silver-cbased  Italian  pattern  tea  and  coffee  service,  coa- 
sistiug  of  tea-kettle  wiUi  lamp  and  stand,  ooffae-pot,  t««- 


■  aud   forks,   gravy  apoun,   and   t 

Table  spoons  and  forks,  Corinthian  and  Palm  patterns. 
Tarious  sugar  ladles,  sugar  tongs,  grape  nippers,  tea- 
FpoooB,  lobster  scoops,  and  ice  tongs. 

89  Fuacn,  J.,  &  Sose,  •■■■  .Ve«-o.B.«c  I'l-ice, 

Almondine  signet  ring,  sot  in  gold,   with  the  motto 

n  pattern, 
tsuspuni'    ' 

(Jold   chains,  of    tbe   Brarilisn,   cable,   cylinder, 
secret-link  patterns. 

Cage  and  oUile  pattern  g')ld  chains. 


^Deaigncr  and  Manufacture 
Laurel  wreath,  with  imitation  of  lacf,  ci 
J  paper  work  consists  of  ti 


iT  dish,  with  u 


jsigned  by 


Chased  silvsr-gilt  rose*w 
centre. 

Chased  silver-gilt  sncnunentAl  Her\-ico, 
Ciindy,  confistiiig  of  offurtory  dish,  throe 
chalices,  and  flagon. 

Pair  of  silver-gilt  mounted  Vomet  Martin  vHsen. 

Gold  watch,  invented  b;  S.  Borehoni,  to  beatsoconds, 
and  to  strike  cverj-  minute  or  6nth  second,  bo  that 
seconds  may  be  counted  by  the  ear,  while  the  eye  is  other- 
wise engaged,  as  io  observing  tbe  stATS  passing  the  caeri- 
dian,  in  coimting  the  pulse,  &c.  It  has  only  one  eitra 
wheel,  anii  can  bo  applied  to  the  raovemento  generally 
used.  It  hsfl  an  improved  escapement,  embracing  the 
fine  actions  of  the  chronometer  and  the  strength  and 
durability  of  the  lever  escapements. 


94       Sbilv,  Wii 


mile  Street— 


Clinfled  silver  colfce-pot,  representing  a  hall  in  a  desert; 
the  handle  and  spout  formed  of  oak,  entwined  with  ivy; 
heads  of  Her  Majesty  and  his  Royal  Highness  Princa 
Albert,  arc  introduced  upon  the  body:  designed  by  Mr. 
King;  chased  by  Mr.  Worater. 

Tea-juit,  Kilver  gilt,  reproienting  the  cultivation  and 
preparation  of  tea.  Chased  silver  sugar-basin,  repre- 
senting a  West  India  sugar  plantation,  and  cream-ewer, 
with  on  English  farmyard.  Uothic  pattern  silver  tea-pot. 
<'hi]rl's  mug.  in  silver  gilt,  withWilkie's  "Blind-man's 
buff;"  designcil  and  thti><e<[  by  Mr.  T.  Edwards.  Another, 
with  scrolld  and  flowers;  designed  by  Mr.  Percy. 

Silver  spoons  of  antique  deKign,  Strawberry  pattern 
spoon  ami  fork,  in  silver.  Silver  spoons  in  the  style  of 
Vntia*  I.,  EliiaWth,  ftc.  Child's  knife,  fork,  and  Bpoon, 
with  rose,  thistlo,  aud  RhaninK^k,  and  heads  of  the  (juccn 
and  Prime  Albert,  silver  gilt. 

Sugar-ladle,  the  handle  a  lily  with  a  fairy  emerging 
■om  the  llower,  silver  gilt.  Creaiiilaille,  T.^i-cmldy 
xHin,  from  the  tea-plant.  Sugar- loille.  sugar-cane  handle, 
mi  shell  for  bowl.     Variety  of  fancy  silver  salt-spoons. 


686 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 

South  Central  Gallery. 


United 


with  busts  and  Loads  of  the  Duko  of  Wellmgton^  Nelson, 
Shakspeare,  &c. 

Knives,  forks,  and  spoons,  in  cases,  engraved  in  the 
Tudor  and  arabesque  styles.  Fish-carvers,  handles  richly 
chased.  Salt-cellars,  of  various  new  designs.  Pepper- 
castor,  with  pepper-plant.  Muifineer,  with  sea-weed  and 
shell  in  silver. 


95  Matthbws,  Edward,  46  Derwich  Street,  Soho — 

Designer  and  ManufiEicturer. 
Heraldic  design,  in  which  are  comprised  the  various 
royal  arms  and  coronets  since  the  Conquest,  engraved 
on  different  metals,  and  emblazoned  with  sealing  wax 
in  the  proper  colours. 

96  Robinson,  William,  70  Wmyntt  Street ,  Clerkenwell 

— Manufacturer  and  Patentee. 

(Hit  clock-case,  constructed  of  electrotype  deposited 
plates;  the  gilding  effected  by  the  same  patent  process. 
Smaller  case,  mayde  with  depoaited  plates,  but  with  the 
engraved  lines  in  relief. 

Electro-plated  tea-caddy  and  inkstand. 

Smaller  articles  showing  the  usee  to  which  electrotype 
may  be  applied  in  manufactures,  apart  from  its  uses  in 
the  fine  arts. 

[Plates  of  copper,  when  deposited  by  the  electrotype  pro- 
cess on  a  smooth  plate  of  another  metal,  present  a  very 
perfect  sur^Bice,  and  if  the  voltaic  action  is  carefully  re- 
gulated, the  metal  is  very  hard  and  tough;  if  too  rapid, 
it  is  liable  to  become  brittle,  from  assuming  a  semi-crys- 
talline structure.  The  electro-gilding  in  these  examples, 
is  readily  effected  by  employing  solutions  of  the  oxide  of 
gold  in  the  cyanide  or  the  ferro-cyanide  of  potassium. — 
R.  H.]  

97  Hunt  &  Roskell  (late  Storr  &  Mortimer),  156 

New  Band  Street;  MimufcKtory^  26  Harrison  Street , 
Qrat/s  TnnRoad — Inventors,  Designers,  andManu- 
facturers. 

1.  Centre  ornament  and  plateau,  showing  the  applica- 
tion of  silver  to  sculpture  and  decoration.  The  ornament 
is  adapted  as  a  stand  for  flowers  by  day,  and  as  a  can- 
delabrum by  night;  and  with  these  objects  the  various 
groups  are  selected  to  agree  in  subject. 

On  each  quarter  of  the  plateau  are  groups  representing 
the  Seasons.  Flora  attended  by  her  Nymphs  plaving 
with  flowers,  and  a  lamb  personifying  Spring.  Zephyrs 
bearing  on  their  shoulders  a  female  figure,  crowned  with 
wheat  and  carrying  the  sickle,  representing  Summer. 
Autumn  is  tyi)ified  by  the  figures  of  Sileniis,  Bacchus, 
and  Pomona.  Winter,  by  the  aged  Satumus,  who,  seated 
on  a  leafless  tree,  spr»euls  his  mantle  over  shivering 
nature;  on  his  left  is  a  figure  representing  Storms  and 
Tempests,  accompanied  by  wolves.  Beneath  the  groups 
are  the  signs  of  the  Zodiac. 

On  the  foot  of  the  centre  ornament  are  figures  repre- 
senting the  Quarters  of  the  World,  each  being  accom- 
panied by  appropriate  animals. 

The  alto-relievo  around  the  column  represents  Day  and 
Night,  attended  by  the  Hours;  and  around  the  stem 
which  supports  the  vase  are  four  figures  representing  the 
Elements. 

The  whole  is  decorated  with  ornaments  of  the  cinque- 
cento  period. — Designed  and  modelled  by  Alfred  Brown, 
in  the  manufactory  of  the  exhibitors. 

The  accompanying  Plate  represents  this  plateau. 

2.  A  shield,  embossed  and  chased  in  silver  and  iron, 
dedicated  to  Shakspeare,  Milton,  and  Newton. 

Shakspoare  is  represented  seated  in  a  vessel  of  im- 
mortality floating  on  the  river  of  life,  attended  by 
Apollo,  the  god  of  Poetry,  and  Minerva,  the  goddess  of 
Wisdom,  who  points  out  to  him  the  various  vices  of 
humanity  expressed  by  figures  tormented  by  monsters. 
Qenii  of  Poetry  support  tablets  on  which  are  inserted 
some  of  his  finest  writings.  An  eagle  ready  to  soar 
indicates  the  lofty  flight  of  his  genius.  On  tne  side  of 
the  vessel  is  illustrated  the  seven  ages  of  man.     Three 


floating  Syrens  repeat  his  poems;  one,  bearing  the  insignia 
of  Folly,  tells  of  Shakspeare's  power  of  satire;  Cupid, 
seated  on  a  dolphin,  illustrates  the  power  of  love. 

The  subjects  on  the  iix>n  border  are  from  Hamlet: — 
His  vision  of  the  ghost  of  his  father;  liis  grief  at  the 
death  of  Ophelia ;  his  vengeance  and  death. 

Milton  is  represented  dictating  to  his  daughter  his 
poem  of  Paradise  Lost,  inspired  by  Religion  and  Poetry, 
represented  by  two  figures,  one  holding  a  torch  an<l  the 
other  the  lyre.     Crouched  behind  a  shield  is  Satan — 


**  Honor  and  doubt  diatxact 


Ilia  troubled  thoughts,  and  from  the  bottom  ttir 
The  hell  within  him.'* 

Beneath  the  boughs  of  the  forbidden  tree  is  shown  our 
first  parents'  disobedience,  when 


-"  Prom  the  boofffa  she  gave  him  of 


That  flOr  enticing  fruit  with  libeial  hand.' 
Coiling  around  the  stem  is  seen 


-"Tlie  enemy  of  mankind,  enclosed 


In  serpent,  inmate  bad  1* 

Among  the  branches  is  the  Genius  of  Evil.  A  group  of 
Angels  is  represented  flying  towards  Eden.  On  the  bonier 
is  represented  the  battle  between  Abdiel  and  Satan.  The 
angel  Raphael  cautioning  our  first  parents  against  their 
enemy  ;  and  their  expulsion  from  the  Garden. 

The  third  medallion  is  devoted  to  Newton,  who  is 
represented  reclining  on  a  globe,  contemplating  the 
wonders  of  the  heavens.  Behind  him  are  figures  of 
Time,  Truth,  and  Wisdom,  who  rebuke  two  crouching 
figures,  typical  of  Ignorance  and  Superstition.  On  the 
right  is  a  figure  of  Elarth  instructing  her  children,  who 
are  identifi^  with  Europe,  Asia,  Africa,  and  America. 
In  faint  relief  above  is  shown  the  system  of  attraction 
which  he  propounded — a  figure  represents  the  Sun,  around 
which  the  planets  pursue  Qieir  course. 

On  the  border  is  represented  the  accident  which  led 
Newton  to  the  contemplation  and  discovery  of  graWtation, 
and  the  incident  whicn  awakened  his  mind  to  the  prism. 
Between,  is  Genius  in  a  chariot  tracking  space,  indi- 
cative of  his  comprehensive  mind.  Surmounting  the  nie- 
dalhons  in  the  centre  of  the  shield  is  a  figure,  the  Genius 
of  Arts  and  Sciences. — AntoineVechte,  artist,  in  the  manu- 
factorv  of  the  exhibitors. 

3.  A  vase,  of  Etruscan  form,  embossed  from  thin  sheets 
of  silver  in  the  highest  and  lowest  possible  rehef.  The 
subject,  which  is  treated  in  the  style  of  Midiael  Angelo, 
is  the  destruction  of  the  Titans  by  Jupiter,  who  made 
war  upon  them  for  having  imprisoned  his  £atlier  Saturn. 
The  giants,  sons  of  CcqIus  and  Terra,  seeking  to  revenge 
the  death  of  the  Titans,  made  war  on  the  gods,  heaxked 
rock  upon  rock,  mountain  on  mountain,  "  OsiBa  on  Pelion 
piled,"  in  order  to  reach  heaven.  Jupiter  route<l  the 
foes,  who  were  crushed  under  rocks  and  mountains.  On 
the  summit  of  the  cover  is  Jupiter,  who,  with  stem  and 
angry  looks,  grasps  thunderbolts,  which  he  hurls  on  the 
presumptuous  Titans  below.  Bordering  the  cover  is  the 
zodiacal  circle  in  low  relief.  On  the  body  of  the  vase, 
on  each  side,  are  groups  of  giants,  some  climbing  up- 
wards, some  crushed  by  the  rocks  huriad  by  mighty 
Jove.  Supported  by  the  handles  of  the  vase,  two  boUi 
presumptuous  giants  stand  out  in  full  relief,  vainly 
menacing  the  father  of  gods  and  men.  On  the  foot  are 
fallen  distorted  figures,  representing  Vice  and  Presump- 
tion, writhing  in  the  agonies  of  death.  On  the  neck  of 
the  vase,  in  low  relief,  are  two  figures  representing  Time 
and  Fate,  the  former  with  his  scythe,  the  latter  grasping 
serpents.  Among  the  representations  in  low  relief  aoay 
be  recognised  Satyrs  and  Bacchanals,  in  bowers  of  vine; 
Neptune  in  his  chariot,  drawn  by  sea-horses,  hurling 
thunderbolts  at  the  giants,  who  cast  rocks  at  him;  flies 
and  grotesque  insects  writhe  in  a  spider^s  web,  allu<ling 
to  the  fate  of  Arachne.  Below  one  of  the  handles  is  Pan, 
beneath  the  other  a  skeleton.  Crocodiles,  winged  ser- 
pents, fiery  dragons,  and  other  fabulous  monsters  of 
sea  and  land,  wage  war  with  one  another. — Antoino 
Vechte,  artist. 

4.  A  testimonial,  in  silver,  presented  to  Sir  Moses 
Montefiore.    The  sphinxes  are  indicative  of  the  captivity 


T1:CTI1I0HU(.    to    ItR    MOSEH    HONTKFIOltt:. 


laLENBOROlT.H    TE»T11«0SI*1  ■      flfKI 


tSP  HMKEU.. 


Kingdom.] 


Clabs  23.— works  IN  PKECIOUS  METALS,  JKWELLEUY,  &c. 

South  Cektral  Gallkuy. 


Gs: 


of  Isnel  in  Egypt.  The  figures  are,  Mohos  and  Ezra,  the 
great  deliveren  of  their  people;  a  Jew  of  Damasous, 
loaded  with  chaiiiB,  and  a  released  Jew.  Under  each  is 
•a  ^propriate  text  in  Hebrew,  the  vine  and  fig-tree  over- 
ihadowing.  The  group  on  the  summit  represents  David 
rMcuing  toe  lamb  from  the  jaws  of  the  lion.  The  bassi- 
relievi  represent  the  crossing  of  the  Red  Sea,  and  the 
deitruction  of  Pharaoh's  host.  Lawless  violence  in  the 
world  typified  by  wolves  devouring  the  flocks.  Sir  Moses 
and  Lady  Montefiore  landing  at  Alexandria.  Sir  Moses 
obtaining  the  firman  from  the  sultan.  The  persecuted 
Jews  of  Damascus  returning  thanks  for  their  deliverance ; 
and  Sir  Moses,  after  his  return,  attending  the  thanks- 
giving  in  the  synagogue.  Designed  by  Sir  G.  Hayter.  This 
testimonial  is  represented  in  the  accompanying  Plate  55. 

Portions  of  a  service  of  plate  presented  to  the  Earl  of 
Ellenborough  in  India : — 

5.  Grand  centre.  Asia  crowning  Britannia,  on  a  pedes- 
tal of  Indian  architecture,  with  paJm-treee  at  the  angles. 
Baasi-relieTi  of  the  treaty  of  Nankin,  and  views  of  Cal- 
cutta, Cabul,  and  Canton.  Figures  of  Affghan  and 
Chinese  captives,  and  a  British  sepoy.  The  whole  sup- 
ported by  recumbent  elephants.  This  grand  centre  is 
represented  in  the  Plate  45. 

6,  7.  Two  candelabra.  Stems  and  branches  composed 
of  vine  on  a  base  of  Indian  architecture.  Figures  of  a 
British  grenadier,  European  officer  of  native  infantry, 
foot-artillery  soldier,  horse-artillery  man,  native  light- 
ca\-alry  trooper,  and  a  trooper  of  the  irregular  horse. 
The  bases  are  supported  by  recumbent  camels.  One  of 
these  candelabra  is  represented  in  the  Plate  97. 

8,  9.  Two  ornaments  for  the  end  of  the  table  ;  one 
lepiesenting  the  personification  of  the  river  Ganges,  re- 
clining imder  a  cotton-tree  with  a  rhinoceros  ;  the  other, 
o(  the  river  Indus,  reclining  under  a  plantain-tree  with  a 
camel.  The  bases  are  of  Indian  architecture,  supported 
by  Brahmin  bulls.  One  of  these  ornaments  is  represented 
in  the  accompanying  Plate  58,  in  the  back  ground.  In 
front  are  the  lotus  icepails  10 — 13. 

10 — 13.  Four  icepaUs,  formed  of  the  lotus,  supported 
by  other  Indian  plants.  Figures  of  a  cotton-spinner,  a 
water-carrier,  and  a  moonshee;  a  cholxiar,  a  ryot,  and  a 
nautch-girl ;  a  baiighy  ba<lar,  a  hubble-bubble  Binoker, 
and  a  fai^uir;  a  zemindar,  a  Hindoo  female  washing  her 
luir,  and  a  bheetttie,  or  male  water-carrier. 

14 — 17.  Four  de^dert  stands  :  Indian  figures  and 
plants. 

A  HindiX)  girl  depositing  her  lamp  on  the  waters  of  the 
Oani^,  under  a  mango-tree  {Mdnijifcra  Tiidica). 

A  Hindoo  fruit-seller  under  a  cutalpa-tree  {Si/nntprfolia). 

A  Hind<K)  girl  plucking  the  tiered  moon -plant  {S^irco- 
ttrtfyi-riiititudit)  under  tlie  siicred  fig-tree  {Fic>us  rditjiimn'). 

A  Hindoo  flower-seller  under  a  banyan-ti*ee  {Ficis 
Ifuiioi).  Designed  by  Mr.  Frank  Howard.  Modelled  by 
Mr.  Alfred  Broi^-n,  of  the  exhibitors'  manufactory. 

IH,  A  cup,  in  silver,  presented  to  Cliarles  Kemble, 
E*i.,  on  hiA  retirement  from  the  stage.  The  frieze 
rpprvneutM  the  Seven  Ages;  the  figure  on  the  summit, 
Mr.  Kemble  as  Hamlet.  This  Wiis  the  hut  work  in  silver 
9U{ierinten<led  by  the  late  Sir  Fnuicin  Chautrey. 

19.  Testimonial,  presentetl  to  the  Murquin  of  Tweed- 
dale.  Subject  of  group,  the  origin  of  his  noble  family ;  a 
ci»untrymau,  named  Hay,  with  his  two  souh,  letuling  the 
8i'ot«  to  the  defeat  of  the  Danes,  who  ha<l  invaded  their 
country,  a.d.  980.  Vide  Buchsuian's  HiHtory  of  Scot- 
Lmd.  Designed  and  modelled  by  Mr.  Alfred  Brown,  at 
the  exhibitors'  manufactory.  Thi«  testimonial  is  repre- 
nented  in  the  accompsuiyiiig  Plato  1  I'k 

'J*J.  A  group,  in  silver,  repitisentiiiR  the  meeting  of 
Francis  I.  jind  Henrj-  VIll.  on  the  Field  of  tlie  Cloth  of 
Gold.     The  property  of  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Norfolk. 

21.  A  testimonial,  presented  by  Wilbraham  Egorton, 
E*!.,  to  the  43rtl  Light  Infiuitr}-. 

22.  A  testimonial,  presented  to  J.  B.  Xeilson,  Ei»q.,  for 
his  invention  for  smelting  iron,  &c.,  by  means  of  "the 
hot  blast.'*  The  figures  represent  Minerva;  Soieiico 
crowned  by  Britannia.  Around  tlie  Ikukc  are  Vulcan, 
«&du.t.  and  IVometheu!*.  l)e<<ivrned  and  niotlellod  under 
tbe  superintffndence  <»f  K.  H.  Riily,  Kmi,  H.A. 


23.  A  group,  representing  Robert  Bruce,  king  of  Scot- 
land, attacked  by  assassins  in  the  mountain  pass.  Vide 
Scott's  "Lord  of  the  Isles."  Designed  by  Mr.  Fi-ank 
Howard. 

24.  A  testimonial,  presented  to  B.  Lumley,  Esq.,  of 
Her  Majesty's  Theatre.  Figu res  representing  Melpomene, 
Thalia,  Terpsichore,  and  Euterpe.  Designed  and  mo- 
delled by  Mr.  Alfred  Brown,  at  the  exhibitors'  maim- 
faotory. 

25.  A  candelabrum,  Louis  XlVth  style.  Subject, 
St.  George  and  the  Dragon.  The  property  of  H.U.H.  the 
Duke  of  Nassau. 

26 — 29.  Four  candelabra,  with  hunting  subjects.  The 
property  of  H.R.H.  the  Duke  of  Nassau. 

30.  A  shield,  in  silver,  representing  the  Battle  of  the 
Standard,  after  Leonardo  da  Vinci.  The  property  of  the 
Earl  of  Uxbridge.  Designed  and  modelled  xmder  the 
superintendence  of  E.  H.  Baily,  Esq. 

31.  A  shield,  in  silver,  representing  the  principal  inci- 
dents  in  the  life  of  Peter  the  Great.  In  the  centra  is 
Peter  the  Great  triumphing  over  Ignorance,  Vice,  and 
Envy.  The  six  compartments,  divided  by  figures  of 
Victory,  represent  Peter  delivered  from  the  insurrection 
of  the  Strelitz;  Peter  working  as  a  shipwright  in  Dept- 
ford  Dockyard;  the  foundation  of  the  city  of  St.  Peters- 
burgh;  his  clemency  at  the  taking  of  Neva;  Catherine 
and  Peter  at  the  Battle  of  Pruth ;  Peter  crowning  Cathe- 
rine empress.  This  piece  of  plate  was  the  prize  given  by 
the  Emperor  of  Russia  at  the  Ascot  races,  1848.  The 
property  of  Sir  John  Mill.  Designed  and  modelled  by 
Mr.  Aln^  Brown,  at  the  exhibitors'  manufactory. 

32.  The  shield  of  iEneas,  in  copper,  deposited  by  the 
galvanic  process.      Vide  JB^neid,  book  8th : — 

**  Bat  most  admiret  the  •hield't  mysterious  mould.** 

Designed  and  modelled  by  the  late  W.  Pitts. 

33.  The  Portland  or  Barberini  Vase,  in  silver. 

34.  A  testimonial,  presented  to  Sir  George  Cockbuni. 
Four  figures,  representing  Europe,  Asia,  Africa,  and 
America;  also,  a  sailor,  a  royal  marine,  an  artillery -man, 
and  a  soldier  of  the  85th  Regiment. 

35.  A  group,  in  bronze:  Alexander  and  Bucephalus. 
3G.  An  eque.strian  statuette  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington, 

in  bronze.     Modelled  by  E.  H.  Biiily,  Esq.,  R.A. 
37,  38.  Two  Indian  female  figures,  in  bronze. 

39.  A  silver  group :  Mazeppa. 

40.  A  group,  in  silver :  Michael  and  Satan,  after 
Flaxmim.     The  proj>erty  of  the  Earl  of  Chestei-field. 

41 — 44.  Four  etjuefltrian  statuettes,  in  silver:-- Joan 
of  Arc  ;  a  cavalier  ;  an  Arab  ;  a  Hussar.  The  property 
of  the  Eiirl  de  Grey.  Designed  and  modelled  by  Mr. 
Alfred  Brown,  at  the  exhibitors'  manufactory. 

45.  The  Goodwood  Cup  of  1849,  of  Elizabethan  cha- 
racter, with  three  groujjs,  representing  tilting,  luiukiug, 
and  hunting.     The  property  of  the  Eail  of  Derby. 

40.  The  Doncaster  cup  of  18.')0.      Subjects,  Victory 
crowning  the  horse.      Alti-relievi,   repra«<enting  cliariot 
racing;  racing  with  the  torch;  Italian  and  the  nitxlern 
race;  groups  of  wild  and  donie.-jtic  horses.     The  property 
of  the  Earl  of  Zetland. 

47.  A  salver,  in  silver,  partly  gilt;  Elizabethan  style. 
The  projMjrty  of  C.  C.  Martyn,  Es<i. 

48,49.  A  dirtli  an<l  tureen,  to  correspond.  Thepropei-ty 
of  C.  C.  M.artyn,  Estj.     De.'^igned  by  J.  it.  Cnice,  Es<j. 

50.  The  Hai'tlej)ool  tostimouial,  pi'esente<l  to  H.  W. 
Jackson,  Em([.  The  fi^ire-s  repre.sent  Commerce,  Science, 
ami  Industry,  Neptune  and  vEolus.  Bjissi-relievi,  ivpi*e- 
senting  the  HiulleiM)ol  We.st  Harbour  and  Docks.  Tlie 
bust  is  a  portniit  of  the  presentee.  This  testiniouiiil  is 
represente<l  in  the  Plate  l-Io. 

51-55.  Five  candelabra,  in  silver,  Louis  XVth  style, 
with  bacchanalian  groups. 

5''>,  57.  Two  end  ornaments.  Subjects,  Pomona  and 
Flora. 

58,  59.  A  silver-gilt  vsise  and  salver,  style  of  the  l«»th 
century,  set  with  antit[ue  gems. 

0<»,  (.51.  Two  tazzju*,  to  correspond. 

r>J.  A  c:tskct,  t^)  correspon<l.  The  proiHsi-ty  «>f  the 
Princess  liiisil  Kotscliouboy. 


['IXl 


f<»KFiriAl.    ll.LU^TllATKI)   ( 'ATAIXHilE.] 


3    F 


688 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 

SouTii  Central  Galijery. 


[United 


63 — 8 1 .  A  vase  in  silver,  style  of  the  ciiique-cento  period, 
enamelled  and  gilt.  Looking-glass  and  stand.  Testi- 
monial, presented  to  Mr.  Williamson,  with  Indian  figures 
and  animals.  Two  vases,  of  Etruscan  form.  An  ice 
pail.  Claret  jug.  Ornamented  and  plain  tea  sets.  Gilt 
tea  set.  Coffee  pot;  tea  pot;  sugar  basin;  slop  basin; 
cream  ewer.  Cake  basket.  Salts.  Entred  dish  and 
cover.  The  Emperor's  piize,  Ascot,  1847.  The  Good- 
wood cup,  1848.  Group  in  bronze.  A  shield  in  silver, 
with  portraits  of  Field  Marshal  the  Duke  of  Wellington, 
the  Duke  of  Richmond,  the  Marquis  of  Anglesey,  &c., 
presented  to  the  Goodwood  races  by  the  late  Lord 
George  Bentinck,  now  the  property  of  Colonel  Peel. 
Two  equestrian  statuettes  uf  the  Emperor  Napoleon,  and 
Field  Marshal  the  Duke  of  Wellington ;  executed  for  his 
Grace  in  silver  g^t,  from  models  by  the  Count  D'Orsay. 
The  hand  of  the  Infanta  Josephine  of  Spain,  in  silver. 
Several  ornaments,  specimens  of  workmanship,  in  silver. 
Specimens  of  various  patterns  of  spoons  and  forks,  &c. 

Large  and  fine  collection  of  precious  stones,  198  in 
number,  from  that  of  the  late  H.  P.  Hope,  Esq. 

Models  of  brilliants,  and  specimens  of  seal  engraving. 

Jevcellery. 

Diamond  bouquet,  being  a  specimen  of  the  art  of 
diamond  setting.  The  flowers:  the  anemone,  rose,  car- 
nation, &c.,  are  modelled  from  nature.  This  ornament 
divides  into  seven  different  sprigs,  each  complete  in 
design,  and  the  complicated  flowers,  by  mechanical  con- 
trivances, separate  for  the  purpose  of  effectual  cleaning. 
It  contains  nearly  6,000  diamonds,  the  largest  of  which 
weighs  upwards  of  10  carats,  and  some  of  the  smallest  in 
the  stamens  of  the  flowers  would  not  exceed  1000th  part 
of  a  carat.  This  bouquet  is  represented  in  the  accom- 
panying Plate. 

finamelled  portrait  of  Her  Majesty,  on  gold,  by  J. 
Haslem,  after  F.  Winterhalter,  painted  by  His  Royal 
Highness  Prince  Albert's  permission,  from  a  picture  in 
his  possession.  The  portrait  is  surrounded  with  a  wreath 
of  oak,  enamelled  on  fine  gold,  set  with  pearls  and 
diamonds. 

Ornament  for  the  head,  composed  of  branch  coral, 
connected  by  leaves  of  enamel  and  gold,  enriched  with 
diamonds. 

Several  brooches  and  other  ornaments  in  enamelled  gold, 
set  with  diamonds.     The  flowers  modelled  from  nature. 

Enamelled  portrait  of  Her  Majesty,  on  gold,  by  J. 
Haslem,  set  as  a  bracelet,  with  carbuncles  and  diamonds. 

Specimens  of  ear-rings,  in  emeraldi),  diamonds,  car- 
buncles, &c.,  after  the  marbles  from  Nineveh. 

Enamelled  portrait  of  Shakespeare,  on  gold,  by  W. 
Essex,  from  the  portrait  in  the  possession  of  the  Earl  of 
Elleemere,  sat  as  a  ring,  with  diamonds. 

Enamelled  miniature  portrait  of  the  late  Sir  Robert 
Peel,  by  W.  Essex,  set  as  a  ring. 

Several  ornaments,  specimens  of  workmanship  in 
diamonds  and  other  precious  stones,  &c. 

WatcheSf  4'c. 

Fine  gold  watch,  with  improved  detached  lever  escape- 
ment, chronometer  balance,  isochronal  spring,  and  dial 
showing  the  phases  of  the  moon,  thermometer  ^ith  two 
different  scales,  days  of  the  month,  hours,  minutes,  and 
seconds'  hands;  the  one  underneath  the  other  may  be 
stopped  at  pleasure  for  any  length  of  time,  without  inter- 
fering with  the  going  of  the  watch,  by  moving  a  small 
nib  on  the  side  of  the  case,  and  when  released  by  the 
same  means,  flies  immediately  imder  the  other  hand,  and 
assumes  the  appearance  of  one  hand  only.  This  arrange- 
ment is  very  useful  for  scientific  purposes.  On  the  back 
the  hours  are  enamelled  in  blue,  and  it  also  carries  a 
tar  hand  for  the  purpose  of  feeling  the  time  at  night. 

Fine  gold  chronometer,  with  tourbillon  escapement, 
dial  showing  hours,  minutes,  and  seconds,  and  carrying 
a  thermometer  with  two  different  scales. 

Flat  gold  watch,  with  duplex  e8cai)ement,  chronometer 
balance,  isochronal  spring,  silver  dial,  showing  hours, 
minutes,  days  of  the  montli,  and  thermometer.     It  is  so 


constructed  as  not  to  require  joints  to  the  case;  h  aeta 
and  regulates  at  the  side. 

Gold  watch,  with  flowers  painted  on  blue  enamel, 
detached  lever  escapement,  dironometar  balance,  en- 
graved gold  dial. 

Highly- finished  eight-day  marine  chronometer,  in  rose- 
wood case. 

Eight-day  striking  clock,  engraved  gilt  case,  chrono- 
meter Mcapement,  and  day  of  the  month  calendar. 

Eight-day  striking  clock,  engraved  gilt  case,  with 
aneroid  barometer  and  thermometer,  detached  lever 
escapement. 

Lai^e  oval  eight-day  time-pieoe,  engraved  gUt  cane, 
with  aneroid  barometer,  day  of  the  month  calendar,  and 
thermometer,  detached  lever  escapement,  compensation 
balance. 

Small  oval  eight-day  carriage  time-piece,  engraved  gilt 
case,  with  thermometer,  detached  lever  escapement. 

Square-shaped  eight-day  carriage  time-piece,  engraved 
g^t  case,  with  day  of  the  month  odendar,  detached  lever 
escapement.  The  flatness  of  this  clock  renders  it  pecu> 
liarly  ade^ted  to  the  carriage. 

Oval  eight-day  carriage  time-piece,  engraved  gilt  case, 
with  perpetual  day  of  the  month  calendar,  detached  lever 
escapement. 

Clocks  and  watches  of  various  construction. 

Specimens  of  various  precious  stones,  in  the  rough  and 
\\Tought  state;  also,  pearU,  in  the  fish,  attached  to  the 
shell,  &c.,  46  in  number. 


98  Garrard,  R.  and  S.,  k  Co.,  PanUm  Street,  Haymarket, 
Goldsmiths  to  the  Queen — Manufacturers. 

1.  Cup,  in  the  form  of  a  nautilus  shell,  floating  on  a 
wave;  on  the  upi)er  part  of  which  is  seated  a  figure  of 
Neptune  attended  by  nymphs,  and  preceded  by  sea- 
horses. 

2.  Tankard  of  ancient  design,  surrounded  by  a  group, 
St.  George  and  the  Dragon. 

3.  Flagon,  with  side  chains,  with  group  representing 
Arabs  of  the  desert  himting  a  lioness. 

4.  Ewer,  in  the  style  of  the  sixteenth  century.  The 
knight's  challenge. 

5.  Kettle  and  stand,  coffee-pot,  tea-pot,  sugar-basin, 
cream -ewer,  and  hot-milk  ewer,  Persian  drop  pattern. 

6.  Tea  or  coffee  salver. 

7.  Table-candlestick  in  the  style  of  Queen  Anne,  with 
group  of  boys  supporting  the  nozle. 

8.  Table  candleetick,  in  the  same  style,  with  flat 
masks  on  shaft. 

9.  The  same,  hexagonal  shape. 

10.  Table-candlestick,  with  scrolls,  flowers,  and  boys, 
in  style  of  Louis  XIV. 

1 1 .  Candelabnma,  with  scroll  and  fruit  ornament,  and 
six  twisted  foliage  branches  and  centre. 

12.  Group, — Arabs  of  the  desert  tracking  travellers  by 
their  footmarks  in  the  sand. 

13.  Group, — The  Arab  disdains  all  inducements  of  the 
Turkish  merchant  to  barter  for  lus  mare  and  foal. 

1 4.  Candelabnun,  with  sixarms,  in  the  itinaiwaace  style. 

1 5.  Ewer,  in  the  style  of  Cellini. 

16.  Tea  and  coffee  service,  consisting  of  tea-poty  coflTee- 
pot,  sugar-basin,  and  cream-ewer. 

17.  Twenty-six  inch  flower  border  tea  and  ooflee  salver. 

18.  Ewer — Perseus  and  Andromeda. 

19.  Boy,    in  kneeling  position,  supporting  basket  of 
flowers. 

20.  Group,— "The  Lasso." 

21.  Female  dancing  figures,  with  baskets  for  flowers. 

22.  Ewer.   The  group  represents  Sioux  Indians  hunting 
the  bison  in  the  prairies  of  North  America. 

23.  Tea  and  coffee  service,  consisting  of  tea-pot,  coffee - 

E>t,  sugar-basin,  cream-ewer,  and  hi^  ewer,  engraved 
resden  pattern. 

24.  Cup  and  cover  in  the  style  of  sixteenth  oenturr. 

25.  Candelabrum,  with  three  branches,  in  the  style  of 
Queen  Anne. 

26.  Group,— Lucy  Ashton  at  the  death  of  the  Stag. 

27.  Group, — Hawking  Party. 

28.  Tea  and  coffee  service,  ooniisting  of  kettle  and 


Kingdom.] 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c.  689 

South  Central  Gallery. 


stand,  tilrer  tea-pot,  ooffee-pot,  sugar-basin,  and  cream- 
ewer,  Prinoess  Royal  pattern. 

29.  Candelabrum,  with  four  scroll  branches,  and  group 
of  boys  gathering  grapes. 

30.  Ewer,  in  the  florid  style  of  Louis  XIV.,  with  hounds 
and  foxes. 

31.  Centre-piece, — John,  Duke  of  Marlborough,  on  the 
battle-field  of  Blenheim,  a.d.,  1704. 

32.  An  agricultural  testimonial  from  the  tenantry  to 
the  landlordL 

33.  Candelabrum  in  the  peculiar  style  of  the  early 
Arabs.  The  group  represents  Saladin  and  Sir  Kenneth 
hefting  at  the  fountain  (from  Scott's  ''  Talisman  "). 

34.  Ewer.  The  principal  subject  of  this  piece  oi  plate  is 
a  group,  UlustratiYe  of  the  eighUi  labour  of  Hercules.  On 
ouer  parts  of  the  vase  are  emblems  of  the  seven  previous 
labours  of  Hercules;  on  the  body,  the  heads  and  skins  of 
the  Cleonian  Uon,  the  Erymanthian  boar,  the  Menalsean 
stag,  and  the  Cretan  bull;  on  the  neck  the  Stymphalides. 
The  handle  is  formed  of  the  Lemean  hydra  ;  the  foot  re- 
presents the  cleansing  of  the  Augean  stables.  This  ewer 
m  represented  in  the  accompanying  Plate  139. 

35.  Group, -Battle  of  Lansdown  Hill  near  Bath,  a.d.  1 643. 

36.  Equestrian  statue  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington. 

37.  Lump  of  native  gold,  from  California,  weight,  18  lbs. 
38-41.  Seals:— The  Young  Sailor;   the  Young  High- 
land Chief;  Sikh  Chief;  and  Highland  Chief. 

42.  Model  of  lindfield  Church,  Sussex;  testimonial  from 
the  parishioners  to  their  late  pastor. 

51.  Candelaln^mi — Thomas  the  Rhymer  and  the  Fairy 
Queen. 

52.  A  suite  of  ornaments  for  the  table,  in  the  style  of 
Watteau,  consisting  of  a  centre-piece  for  lights,  with  a 
courtly  pic-nic  party  amusing  uiemselves  with  music, 
while  their  attendants  prepare  the  repast.  Four  fruit 
baskets,  with  groups  of  figures  in  various  occupations, 
and  with  attributes  denotmg  the  Seasons.  Two  fruit 
baskets  in  corresponding  style,  with  figures  occupied  in 
sylvan  pastimes.  One  of  these  fruit  baskets  is  repre- 
sented in  the  Plate  139. 

53-56.  Spring.     Summer.     Autumn.     Winter. 
^7,  58.  Diincing.     Archery. 

59.  Soup  tureen,  with  marine  figure  haudles,  and  sup- 
ported by  dolphins. 

60-63.  Four  entr<fe  (UsheR  and  covers  in  various  styles. 

64.  Cup.    Richard  Cocnr  de  Lion  at  Asculon,  a.d.  1191. 

65.  Cup,  i**ith  de»ipii  froui  a  monument  to  J«)hn  Selwyn, 
in  the  chancel  of  the  church  at  Walton-upon-Thamea. 

66.  Ewer,  with  proup  of  stags  and  vine  ornament. 

67.  Ewer, — Battle  of  the  Centam-s. 

68.  The  Great  Railway  Salver,  or  Brassey  testimonial : 
a  shield  bearing  in  the  centre  the  arms  and  motto  of 
ThonuM  Brassey,  Ki^q.,  with  inscription ;  in  the  compart- 
ments are  enamel  i)ortraitrt  of  Messrs.  O.  Stepheunon, 
Locke,  W.  Cubitt,  R.  Stephenson,  Errington,  Bnwt, 
J.  Cubitt,  Dockray,  Rendall,  Bidder,  and  Bnmel.  A  view 
of  a  principal  woric  of  each  in  represented  above  the  por- 
trait of  the  tlesigner. 

69.  Group, — (Jen.  Lord  Seaton  in  Cana<la;  the  family  of 
a  wounde<l  Canadian  prisoner  supplicating  on  his  behalf. 

70.  Group, — "The  Earth-8topi>er." 

71.  Group,  Don  Quixote:  "  Sancho  Panza  introducing 
the  Ducheiw  as  Princess  Micomicoua." 

72.  Group  of  St.  George  and  the  Dragon. 

73.  Ornamental  centre-piece  for  a  table,  with  portraits 
of  some  of  the  Queen's   favourite  dogs. 

74.  Basket  for  sugar,  8ui)iK3rted  by  boys.  This  is 
represented  in  the  Plate. 

75.  76.  Salti*:  high  bor«8C(l  pattern,  and  tripotl. 
77-80.   Dftwert  <lisheH:  on  foot,  renaiss^uuo.  an<l  ivirtly 

gilt;  shell  and  pierced,  gilt ;  and  EliziilK^thanivittoni,  i»art 
gilt. 

81.  Baitin,  8upporte<l  by  monnaiil.  f«»r  sugar. 

82.  Mounted  decanter  au<l  st;uid  .  nubjoct, — Triumph 
of  Neptune. 

83.  Suuill  inkstand,  style  Iahis  XIV. 
Jeweller}' : — 

1.  Suite  of  very  fine  o|>als  ainl  brilliitiits,  c« insist ing  of 
necklace,  stomacher,  oar-rings,  bracelet,  and  j»in. 


[The  opal  ia  a  native  of  Saxony,  Lreland,  Hungary,  and 
Central  America.  The  luminous  colours  are  supposed  to 
be  caused  by  layers  of  air  or  other  fluids  enclosed  in  its 
fissures  (Hang.).    When  heated  it  bursts. — W.  D.  L.  R.] 

2.  Suite  of  fine  sapphires,  pearls,  and  brilliants,  viz., 
necklace,  brooch,  and  oracelet. 

[The  sapphire  ranks  after  the  diamond  in  hardness  and 
value.  It  is  found  in  Ceylon,  Pegu,  and  Bohemia. — 
W.  D.  L.  R.] 

3.  Suite  of  rubies  and  brilliants,  consisting  of  neck- 
lace, brooch,  and  bracelet. 

4.  Brilliant  tiara,  ornamented  with  fine  oriental  pearl 
drops  and  boutons,  and  four  brilliant  drops  of  the  purest 
water. 

5.  Bracelet  representing  water  nymphs  bringing  a 
pearl  from  the  deep,  the  shell  ornamented  with  emeralds 
and  brilliants,  the  gold  work  chased. 

6.  Bracelet  of  Gothic  design,  with  angels  holding  a 
ruby  and  pearl,  enamelled  and  chased. 

7.  Pendant  of  ancient  design,  with  figures  ornamented 
with  rubies,  brilliants,  and  pearls. 

8.  Brooch  of  ancient  design,  ornamented  with  rubies, 
brilliants,  and  pearls. 

9.  Bracelet  of  fine  emeralds  and  brilliants. 

10.  Bracelet,  with  natural  pink  topaz,  set  with  bril- 
liants and  enamelled. 

[The  topaz  is  a  native  of  Siberia,  Saxony,  South  America, 
&c. ;  that  called  oriental  la  a  variety  of  sapphire.  The 
pink  naturally  are  rare,  that  colour  being  mostly  given 
to  the  stones  by  heat. — W.  D.  L.  R.] 

11.  Bracelet,  with  a  plum-coloiu^  pearl  bouton,  set 
with  brilliants. 

12.  Pendant  of  brilliants,  with  turquoise  centre. 

1 3.  Pendant  of  brilliants,  with  fine  pink  brilliant  centre 
and  drop. 

14.  Brooch  of  fine  oriental  onyx,  set  with  brilliants. 

[The  layers  of  different  colours  possessed  by  the  onyx 
have,  from  the  most  ancient  times,  rendered  it  precious 
for  engraving  in  intaglio  or  relievo.  Much  of  what  is 
kno^-n  of  ancient  art  is  due  to  the  onyx,  in  which  minia- 
tures of  the  works  of  the  gi'eat  masters  were  executed,  as 
well  as  original  designs. — W.  D.  L.  R.] 

15.  Gold  i^-atch  with  enamelled  back,  set  with  dia- 
monds. 

16.  Set  of  three  fine  oriental  pearl  studs,  in  enamelled 
settings,  i\'ith  diamonds. 

17.  Bracelet  in  carved  gold,  with  emerald  and  brilliant 
centre. 

IS.  Bracelet  in  polished  gold,  with  ruby  and  brilliant 
circular  centre — from  the  Nineveh  sculptui-os. 

19.  Bracelet  in  coloured  gold,  with  hu^e  carbuncle  and 
brilliant  centre  (oriental  design). 

*20.  Stomacher  brooch  of  brilliants  and  fine  oriental 
pearls. 

21.  Brilliant  brooch  with  emerald  centre,  and  pair  of 
fine  emenild  tassel  di*o|)H. 

22.  Pendant  of  brilliants,  with  pink  topaz,  centre,  and 
pearl  drop. 

2.1.  Pendant  of  opals,  rubies,  and  brilliants,  and  solid 
oi>al  drop. 

24,  2,').  Brooches  of  brilliants  and  pink  pearls. 

26-29.  Fly  brooches:  ruby,  emerald,  and  brilliants; 
emerald,  sapphire,  oix.i1h,  and  brilliants ;  pearl,  sapphire, 
tourmalin,  and  brilliantn  ;  jacynth,  emerald,  ruby,  and 
brilliants. 

.;<)-;ir>.  Ring?*-.  nil>i«*s  and  brilliants;  fine  oriental  pearl, 
set  with  nwe  diainond^  ;  cabuchon,  sapphire.  an<i  bril- 
liants; cabuchon,  einendd,  and  lirilliants;  fine  tunpioirto 
and  brilliants;  jind  tino  ruby  and  brilliants. 


99     FoRRER,  Anto.m,  \M  Hiymt  Strrt     Propri.-tor. 

Table  with  glas-*  cum,  contunii^  a  v;u*iety  of  jfwoll.MV 
ornaments  worked  in  hair  luid  gold  ;  consisting  of  bi-acelet-, 

:\  F  2 


690 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 

South  Central  Gallery. 


[Ukited 


brooches,  rings,  chains,  &c.,  and  having  a  large  centre 
top.  Ornamental  frame,  containing  the  miniatures  of  the 
Queen,  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert,  and  the  Royal  Family; 
mounted  in  hair  and  gold.  Designed  and  executed  by 
the  exhibitor. 

[These  works  tend  to  show  the  amount  of  skill,  taste, 
design,  and  variety,  that  workings  in  hair  are  susceptible 
of.  It  has  been  a  class  of  manufacture  of  mediocre 
perfection  hitherto;  but  from  the  ready  weaving  of  the 
material  into  many  forms,  and  its  graceful  union  with 
gold,  as  well  as  its  being  peculiarly  adapted  for  souvenirs, 
it  may  well  claim  to  rank  higher  in  artistic  manufactures.] 


100  WiDDOWSON  &  Veale,  73  Strand — Manufacturers. 

In  silver,  a  centre-piece  for  the  table : — A  plateau  with 
candelabra  and  dessert  stands  ornamented  with  numerous 
figures  and  armorial  bearings  of  Lord  Londesborough. 
Chased  sideboard  dish  for  rosewater. 

Equestrian  statuette  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington. 

Sacramental  flagon  and  chalice,  embossed  with  illus- 
trative groups. 

Claret-jug  of  antique  form,  with  wreath  of  vine. 

Breakfast  service;  consisting  of  coffee-pot,  tea-pot, 
sugar-basin,  and  cream-jug  of  Etruscan  form,  ornamented 
with  illustrations  of  the  Iliad  after  Flaxman. 

Inkstand,  with  figure.     New  grape-nippers. 

Spoons  and  forks  and  a  set  of  three  wine-tables,  of  the 
Tudor  period. 

Bracelet  of  emerald  and  brilliants.  Necklace  pendants 
of  the  Elizabethan  era,  set  with  precious  stones.  A  case 
of  rings. 

101     Gray,  John,  5  BUliter  Square — Manufacturer. 

SerieS)  illustrative  of  the  manufacture  of  plated  articles 
from  metal  plated  in  the  ingot. 

Ingot  of  copper,  with  the  silver  tied  thereto,  prepara- 
tory to  their  being  united  by  fire. 

Ingot  of  white  metal,  and  ingot  of  copper  after  the 
silver  has  been  united  to  them  by  heat  only,  without 
solder,  or  any  other  intervening  substance. 

Sheet  of  plated  metal,  rolled  from  the  ingot. 

Table  dish  made  from  the  rolled  metal,  with  silver 
mountings  tied  on,  ready  for  soldering. 

Steel  dies,  in  which  the  silver  mountings  are  struck, 
with  mountings  that  have  been  struck  therein. 

Table  dish  in  a  finished  state. 

Waiter,  that  has  been  in  use  since  1801,  made  by  the 
foregoing  process. 

A  specimen  waiter  of  the  foregoing  manufacture,  as  at 
present  conducted. 

[The  ingot  used  in  the  manufacture  of  plated  silver  is 
not  of  pure  copper,  but  consists  of  an  alloy  of  that  metal, 
in  order  to  communicate  to  it  the  necessary  rigidity.  The 
ingot,  with  its  superficial  plate  of  silver  tied  on  to  its 
polished  surface  with  wire,  is  heated  in  a  furnace.  The 
heat  causes  the  union  of  the  metals;  and  the  ingot,  after 
proper  preparation,  is  fit  for  manufacture  into  various 
articles. — R.  E.] 


102       Lambert  &  Rawungs,  Coventry  Street — 

Proprietors. 

Grand  twelve-light  candelabrum  and  dessert  centre  for 
the  table,  in  silver ;  design,  Britannia,  in  peaceful  attitude, 
welcoming  the  representatives  of  tlie  foiu*  quarters  of 
the  earth,  with  their  various  offerings  and  productions. 

Large,  partly  gilt,  silver  wine  flagon,  chased  with  Gothic 
Yine-leaves,  &c. ;  another  oak-chased. 

Silver  water-bottles,  from  the  antique. 

Pair  of  chased  silver  soup-tureens  and  stands,  in  the 
style  of  Louis  Quartorze. 

Ruby  glass  cups,  mounted  in  silver  gilt,  after  the  an- 
tique. 

Fancy  centre  salt-cellars:  designs,  Pegasus,  Dolphin 
and  Boy. 


Ykhcj  silver  gilt  inkstand,  tesselated  with  malachite. 

A  pair  of  silver  bottles  with  chains,  from  the  antique. 

Antique  tilver-gilt  inkstand,  in  the  Dresden  style, 
with  figures  of  Britannia,  Commerce,  and  Plenty. 

Pier^sd  bread-basket,  engraved  with  rose,  shamrock, 
and  thistle,  and  mounted  with  bunches  of  wheat,  Tt»Hii^>| 
com,  and  wild  flowers. 

Chased  knife,  fork,  and  spoon,  with  figures — ^fish  and 
game. 

Pair  of  partly  gilt  dessert  stands,  copied  from  an  antique 
stand  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

Female  figure  supporting  a  basket. 

Antique  Italian  pattern  ewer^  ohssed  (fifteenth  cen- 
tury). 

Ruby  glass  tankard,  mounted  in  sHver  gilt,  £rom  the 
antique. 

Ruby  and  white  enamel  glass  sagar-btBin,  with  pierced 
silver-gilt  mounting,  after  the  antique. 

Hot-water  jug  and  cover;  copy  mm.  tlie  antique  ddf. 

Partly  silver-^t  stand,  to  hold  six  sntiqae  oi^m^  for 
centre  of  table. 

Old  ball  pattern,  silver  tea-kettle  and  stMid,  with 
coffee-pot,  tea-pot,  sugar-basin,  and  cream-ewsr,  em  9mte. 

Octajgon  engraved  sUver  cofRM-pot,  tea-pofty  sogar-basiii, 
and  cream-ewer,  en  suite. 

Ruby  glass  vases,  moulded  in  the  old  style.  GSlver 
fruit  stands  with  bacchanalian  figures. 

Chased  antique  pattern,  silVer-gilt  flagon.  Fine  spe- 
cimen of  coral  with  malachite  stand. 

Antique  pattern  silver  flagon  and  chalices.  Gilt  paten. 
Offertory  plate.    Chased  silver  paten. 


103    Angela  George,  51  Compton  Street,  Clerkemceli — 

Manufacturer. 

Lai^  vase,  in  the  Etruscan  style,  illustrative  of  the 
progress  of  civilization.  The  principal  subject  on  one 
side  is  the  invasion  of  England  oy  the  Romans;  above  it 
are  allegorical  figures,  emblematical  of  the  inb-oduction 
of  civilization  to  Great  Britain.  On  the  other  side  is 
the  treaty  of  Penn  with  the  Indians,  with  allegorical 
figures. 

Candelabra,  in  eastern  style,  representing  the  attack 
of  a  boa  constrictor  on  a  lioness  and  cubs.  Candelabra 
(acanthus),  with  figiires  of  Truth,  Justice,  and  Mercy. 

Tea-tray,  illustrative  of  the  purposes  of  ti^e  Exhibition. 
The  ship  of  all  nations,  commanded  by  Britannia,  and 
steered  by  Father  Thames,  entering  the  Pool,  attended 
by  Neptune,  and  followed  b^  Navigation  and  Commerce; 
above  are  figures  representuig  the  four  quarters  of  the 
globe,  with  others  of  Justice,  Fame,  and  History.  En- 
graved medallions,  in  border,  showing  trading  between 
the  nations,  steam  navigation  and  macninery.  Engraved 
and  designed  by  Donalds  and  Sou. 

Trifle-stand,  in  the  Italian  style.  Partly  gilt  engraved 
coffee-pot,  tea-pot,  sugar-basin,  and  cream-ewer,  fkrtlj 
gilt  claret  jug,  Etruscan,  and  silver  claret  jug. 


104     Marshall,  Edmund  Smith,  31  John  Street, 
Tottenham  Court  Road — ^Manufacturer. 

Gold-leaf  for  the  use  of  gilders,  bookbinders,  japanners, 
writers,  printers  in  gold,  and  others;  also  layers  of 
gold.  Gold-leaf  for  the  use  of  dentists,  gold  lace  manu- 
facturers, and  others. 

Silver,  copper,  tin,  zinc,  lead,  and  tellurium;  exhi* 
biting  an  illustration  of  the  malleability  of  the  metals. 
Gbld-beaters'  skin,  as  used  in  the  manunoture. 


105  Watherston  &  Brogden,  16  Henrietta  Street, 
Covent  Garden — Manufacturers. 
Standard  gold,  enamelled,  and  jewelled  vase,  executed 
by  the  exhibitors,  after  a  design  by  Mr.  Alfred  Brown. 
The  group  surmounting  the  cover  represents  the  United 
Kingdom  by  the  figures  of  Britannia,  Scotia,  and  Hibemia. 
Britannia  is  in  the  centre,  resting  her  hand  on  the  trident ; 
Hibemia  is  on  her  right;  and  Scotia  on  her  left.  Around 
the  edge  of  the  cup  are  four  heads,  symbolical  of  the 


Clam  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY.  *r. 
SoDTH  Cbntbai.  GaI:Lbrt. 


qoartcia  of  the  globe.  Below  these  &ra  festooiu  of  dU- 
laoadx  mpreflenting  tfaa  roee,  thiirtte^  end  flhunrock. 

SurToimding  the  body  of  the  veae,  are  reliSToB,  repre- 
■eoting  Britoiu,  Romaiu,  Sbxoob,  and  Normana,  with  the 
lMV<ing  of  the  Romaiia,  and  the  battle  of  Haatiii^.  Be- 
muth,  are  two  figuraa  of  fiune  deaoanding  with  wreatha  of 
laurel,  crowning  Nelaon,  Wellington,  Hilton,  Shaks- 
pa«,  Newton,  and  Watt,  wboae  biuta  are  introduoed 
ID  coDcavn;  while,  on  the  lower  part  of  the  cup,  are  the 
figuiea  of  Truth,  Prudaooe,  Indnatry,  and  Fortitude, 
•ecotapaiiied  bj  their  ajqiropriate  emblems.  The  vase 
■aifrhi  95  onnoea;  ia  deoorUad  with  diamondH,  pearle, 
rnbuM,  carbuncln,  eapphim,  aod  emenilda,  relieved  hj  a 
cinqne-caito  omameotAl  MUunel  ground.  This  vaae  coat 
2,000(. 

Gold  broodiea,  braeeleto,  DeoUooea,  chaiuB,  aesla,  and 
riugi.  

106    Holt,  Jovfb,  00  Pratt  Street,  Camden  Tbvn— 
Hanu&ctuier. 
A  vaiietj  of  medalliona.      Spedmem    of  modelling, 
chasing,  and  emboMiii^ 


107        HOSLET,   RiCHABD,  ft  Co., 

Uanulkcturera. 

Gold  pena  tipped  with  iridium,  in  various  forma.  Gold 
and  ailvar  penQl-eaasa,  pen-holden,  Ac.,  of  varioua  kinds. 

[Iridiumiaan  extreme);  rare  mifaatanoe,  general! j  found 
in  combination  with  pUtinum  aa  an  alloy,  fkun  which 
BtBte  it  ia  leparatad  with  difBnilty.  The  nune  was  de- 
rived &x)m  the  remarkable  play  of  ooloun  exhibited  by 
MHue  of  ita  soluble  salta.— R.  E.] 

108 


WiL 


I,  bi  StroHit — Unnubcturar. 


109  EaDT,  Uhkt  J.,  2C  Bid  lion  Street,  CUrkenaeU— 
Deaigner  and  Manufacturer. 
Set  of  chenmen,  i*riod  a.d.  1520.  Dencriptinn  of 
the  meeting  of  HenQ*  VIII.  and  Francis  I.  at  tho  Field  of 
the  Cloth  of  Oold.  Tlic  pieces  are  origioal  mdels  from 
portrait*  by  Rolbein,  Titian,  Ac.  of  tho  lending  charac- 
ters naaembled.  Tho  castles  are  desiRned  from  those  of 
Ardn«  and  Quize.  the  former  of  which  vim  then  m  the 
poflseesion  of  the  English. 


1  \(\    Smith,  Nicrolbdn,  4  Co.,  D'd-e  Rtrcct,  I.inaMs 
Inn  fields — ^Manufacturern. 

Silver  ^oods : — Candelabnim,  with  figures  modelled  by 
W.  Iknttie,  sculptor,  afUr  a  deajgn  by  tho  Uiichcua  of 
Sntbcrland. 

Candelabrum  ornament,  a  testimonial  to  W.  Chftrlcs 
Mu.-ready,   Esq.,  designed  by  B.  Smith  imd  C.  Umnt. 

Candelahra  of  varioua  dcBinn^. 

betisert  service,  designed  from  nature,  with  figures  hj 
J.S.  Archer,  sculptor. 

Centre  ornament,  with  group,  by  Bcattie.  C^dlontick 
and  branches.  Table  ornament.  Tea-tmy.  Articlen  of 
Siimmcrly's  art  manufacture. 

(Jroup,— Tho  Well  in  the  Desert.  This  is  repreiwoted 
in  the  adjoining  cut. 

Klectroplsted  gooils: — Candplnbrum.  Dinner  Benice, 
various  jiattcma.  Shield,  executed  for  the  Croiton  Park 
races,    IN."il ;  centre  by  J.  S.  Archer. 

Ot<-u]is  of  misoellaneiiiis  articleK. 

A  i{mup  of  theae  articles,  including  n  candelfibriim  anil 
poitinna  of  a  desaert  senice,  is  re|in.'sent«il  in  I'lnti.'  1 1 7. 


Ill 


Anokix.  Jo«Krn,  Ju  J^lr-tnd- 

d  Soner-xt.-uidi.  emblcinatiuil 
Ai-ia.  Africa,  and  Ammea,  ■ 
I  surmount.'d  by  n  b.-wk.'t  of  I 
>,  baniiin,  anil  ewe 


Designer  : 


piita,  tea-pots,  b 


ri'prewntinj 
i-ches  high 

■i\.  pngmvfd 


js23.— WOllKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c 
SoTTTH  Central  Oallebi. 


Group,  repreaeDting  Ai'sb  marDbuita  halting  in  the 
denert. 

Group,  ropreBenting  Sir  Roger  de  Coverley  having  hia 
rortuQo  told  by  gipsies,  vid  Addison  Htanduig  behind, 
reclining  against  on  old  oak  tree. 

Caddy,  engraved,  gilt,  and  ohaied ;  another,  enmtved. 

Claret  jugs,  chBsed.  gilt,  worked,  and  engraved;  with 
illufltratione  and  aubjecta. 

Chaaed  shioldi,  with  nibjeota— "  The  battle  of  Alex- 
ander and  Daritu,"  under  madallioni  of  the  Queen  and 
Prince  Albert,  four  riven,  the  Thamea,  the  Nile,  the 
Indue,  and  the  Nii^ars;  aod  on  eithw  aide.  Victory 
and  Peace,  Britain  and  Hintory. 

Salver,  with  engraved  medallioni,  rapraaanting  the 
labours  of  Hercules,  ta. 

Bread -basketa,  and  jewellery,  conairting  of  bracelets, 
brooches,  rings,  Ac.,  iritli  new  deei^na. 

A  group  of  these  aiticlea,  oomptuinE  (diaaed,  gilt,  and 
enamelled  claratgugi,  flagong,  goblet,  &o.,  ia  represented 
in  the  Plate  104. 


1 12     tUxcocK,  (^AKUS  Fbxdebici,  S9  Bntoa  Slreet, 
BarteUji  Square — Hanufaoturer. 

Ebony  inlaid  silver  table,  of  15  inchei  diameter,  on 
which  is  a  silver  vase;  in  pure  Etruacan,  after  deaigna  in 
the  British  Museum.  Tbia  table  ia  represented  in  the 
accompanying  Plate  86. 

A  group  in  masaive  ailver:  subject  "The  entry  of 
Queen  Klizabeth  on  horseback  into  Kenilworth  Castle," 
attended  by  Robert,  Earl  of  Leicester,  and  a  page, — two 
greyhounda  in  the  foreground.  Modelled  by  Baron  Ma- 
rocbetti;  the  dogs  by  M'Carthy.  It  is  mounted  on  a 
pedeetal  of  the  period,  in  fine  old  oak,  with  twelve 
mai'ble  columns,  on  the  base  of  which  ia  inlaid  the  fa- 
vourite cipher  of  Queen  EHixabeth,  ElAB;  on  each  side  are 
gilt  pannels  on  which  is  engiaced  the  arms  nf  the  Queen; 
and  above  Inl^d  is  the  motto  "  Semper  eadem,"  usually 
used  by  Her  Majesty.  At  each  end  are  likewise  gilt 
pnnnela  engraved  with  the  sword  of  state,  the  three 
crowns  of  England,  Ireland,  and  France,  and  the  well- 
known  motto  "  Justitia,"  Executed  at  the  manufactory 
of  the  exhibitor.  Tbia  group  is  represented  in  the 
Plate  13. 

Group  in  silver,  mounted  on  an  ebony  pedestal,  called 
"  The  Goodwood  Cup,"  from  the  ancient  f^end  of  Robin 
Hood  contending  for  the  golden  arrow. 

Group  in  silvsr,  mounted  on  a  pedestal,  taken  from  an 
old  legend,  representing  Ou;  Earl  of  Warwick  contending 
with  a  dragon. 

I^irge  cigar  box,  24iiiclHBb;  17,  in  wlver  vine  and  lotus 
leares,  on  ebtoiy,  after  drawiziga  by  Eugene  Lami:  in  the 
inside  is  a  water-colour  drawing  by  Harding,  representing 
the  rock  of  Gibraltar. 

A  silver  vase,  with  open  vine  work,  as  a  centre-piece 
for  the  table,  on  a  rock  base,  with  a  roytd  crown  and 
reversed  cipher  P,  entwined  on  each  aide. 

Small  silver  candelabrum,  in  the  style  of  Louia  XIT. 

Bottle -carriage,  on  three  wheels,  in  mnaaive  silver,  with 
open  vine  work,  leaves  and  bunches  of  gnqies. 

Dressing-ceae,  of  silver,  partly  gilt  in  the  Etruscan 
style,  with  BUver-gilt  inatnunenta,  the  box  inlaid  with 
ailver  in  the  same  style,  in  Coromandel  wood. 

Tea  service,  consisting  of  a  tea-pot,  sugar-basin,  and  a 
croam-Bwor,  the  sides  ornamented  with  medallions  and 
omiunents  in  the  Florentine  style  of  the  I5th  century. 

Dessert  -  plate,  in  silver,  border  in  vine  loaves,  with 
dessert-knife,  fork,  and  spoon. 

Gilt  eight-da;  carriage  clock;  the  movement  by  Cole, 
strikes  the  hours,  half-houis,  and  quarters,  and  repeating 
also  the  minutes. 

Three-bottle  liquor  fiune,  mounted  in  silver,  with 
vine  branches  and  leaves. 

Specimen  of  chasing  (rtpouMr),  a  dog's  head. 

R^imental  "cravatededrapeau,"  embroidered  in  gold, 
on  Pompadour  velvet,  with  the  orma  of  His  Imperial 
Miyosty  the  Emperor  of  Austria,  of  the  Countess  of 
Ttapom,  and  the  Prince  Anatola  Demidoff,  designa<l 
aiid  «xecut«cl  by  James  Holbech,  3  Vigo  Street,  R^nt 
Street. 


113     AnENBOBOvaH,  RicmaBD,  IS  PteeaiOtii — 
Proprietor. 

Silver  centre  for  the  table,  to  hold  trait,  flowan,  or 
sweatmeata,  "r"""*i"g  boya  cairying  baaketa;  with 
aaeful  adjuatmeots. 

Card-tny  of  ailver  and  mamel.    A  bachelor's  taa  aet. 

Patterns  of  spocms  and  folks,  of  a  new  dengn.     "^ 
are  shown  in  the  cut.    IMshee,  with  border  td 


■•cmuffli'aSpoaDs  u^  Forica. 


An  agricultiiral  prise  cup,  the  stem  a  tree;  the  bodj, 
cattle,  steam-engine,  church,  Ac,  with  Ggurea  of  Time 
and  Plenty. 

Enamelled  riband  bracelet;  brilliant  mby  vrreath. 
Brillinnt  and  purple  enamel  bracelet.     Brilliant  bouquet 


Eugmved  g 
eath. 


riband  bracelet;    enamelled  and  paari 

Brilliant  scroll,  and  green  enamelled  bracelet;  re- 
gistered band,  the  centre  forming  brooch  at  pleasure. 
Emerald  and  brilliant  bracelet. 

Diamond  and  ruby  riband,  bracelet;  turqnoiw,  enamel, 
and  gold  band. 

Bnlliant  scroll  bracelet,  ruby  centre,  registered  band. 

Bracelet,  with  brilliant  and  ruby  roee-bud  centre. 

Bracelet  with  brilliant  and  enamel  vinS'lsaf  paitdatit. 

Bright  gold-plait  band  bracelet.    Rerastersd. 

Coloured  gold-plait  band  bracelet.    Registered. 


KlXGDOM.] 


Cuias  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &c. 

South  Cektbal  Gallebt. 


693 


Riband  pattern  brooch,   with    pearl   and    enamelled 
wreath,     luiot  pattern  brooch,  with  pearls  and  enamel. 


115  HiGonre,  Francis,  40  Kirby  Street,  Hatton  Garden 
— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Table  and  dessert  cutlery,  with  silver  and  ivoiy  handles, 
steel  and  silver  blades.  Silver  table  and  other  spoons 
and  forks,  of  a  new  design;  and  ornamented  silver  and 
gilt  articles  for  dessert  services.  Electroplated,  on  white 
meUl,  table  spoon  and  fork. 


116     MoTT,  William,  36  Cheapside — ^Proprietor. 

Qold  and  silver  ever-pointed  pencils,  in  various  styles, 
set  with  jewels. 


117  Morel,  J.  V.,  &  Co.,  7  New  Burlington  Street, 
Regent  Street — Manufacturers. 
Equestrian  statue  of  Queen  fHizabeth,  after  the  bas- 
relief  on  the  state-seal  of  England,  under  her  reign. 
Height  4  feet  2  inches,  length  3  feet.  Embossed  with 
the  hammer,  forming  a  specimen  of  the  real  work  of  the 
silversmith — ^that  is,  beaten  out  with  the  hammer  only. 
This  manner  of  working  was  practised  in  the  sixteenth 
century,  was  revived  in  1838,  and  has  since  been  success- 
fully applied. 

[The  exhibitor  directs  attention  to  the  important  dis- 
tinction between  cast  and  hammered  work,  commonly 
called  rcpousaif  of  which  Cellini  says — **  Contiene  in  se 
piu  virtuosa  pratica."  Castings  once  made  may  be  re- 
peated in  mass  or  in  detail;  whereas,  every  separate 
article  in  reponss4  requires  the  same  labour  and  dexterity, 
which,  though  a  fault  in  a  mere  manufacture,  adds  value 
to  a  work  of  art.  The  earliest  method  of  using  the  pre- 
cious metals  seems  to  have  been  in  hammered  plates,  pro- 
bably applied  to  a  frame  of  timber,  and  in  the  Minerva 
of  Phidias,  forming  a  gold  and  ivory  statue  of  nearly  40 
feet  high.  Cellini  describee  the  method  of  working  large 
statues,  "  Laveri  di  grosseria,"  in  hia  day. — H.  T.  H.] 

Centrepiece  in  silver  of  elaborate  draign,  modelling 
and  chaiiiug.  Height  2  feet,  length  3^  feet,  weight  1,276 
ounces.  The  subject,  a  troop  of  children  playing  with  a 
panther.  The  scene  a  rock  surrounded  by  water  slightly 
undulated.  Branches  of  ornamental  leaves  springing  up 
from  the  sides,  and  terminating  in  a  basket  for  flowers, 
form  a  sort  of  canopy  over  the  group;  twelve  smaller 
launches  spring  out  of  the  large  ones  for  candlea. 

£nilx>8rte<l  and  chased  silver  vase,  surrounded  by  a  boar- 
himt  in  bas-relief,  in  the  mediaeval  style,  and  surrounded 
by  a  group  repre«entiug  the  death  of  the  boar. 

I..arge  mirror  for  the  toilette,  in  silver,  in  the  Louis 
XV.  rtyle,  surrounded  by  figures  of  children  and  animals 
in  full  relief,  in  the  ornanientfl. 

SugEur-basin,  wth  salver,  in  silver  gilt,  in  the  shape  of 
a  xsu*e. 

Chased  cake-stand  in  silver,  wth  figure  and  branches 
for  light)*,  with  design. 

Saltcellars  representing  figures  on  donkeys  with  bas- 
ketM,  embossed  and  chased;  and  figures  holding  baskets, 
mo<lelled  and  cliased. 

Tea  service  with  tray  in  silver  gilt,  chased  and  deco- 
rated in  the  style  of  Louis  XIV.  Small  tea  service  in 
silver  gilt,  in  the  Turkish  style. 

Paper-weights  in  silver;  a  stork  and  a  pelican,  chased 
deffign. 

Silver  gilt  vase  with  handle,  representing  a  dragon,  and 
a  scndl  for  inscription  supported  by  children. 

Oriental  agate  cup  mounted  in  gold  and  enamel. 

Lapis  lazuli  cup  in  the  form  of  a  sea-shell,  supported 
by  a  mounting  in  gold  and  enamel,  representing  a  Triton 
and  a  Naiad  with  sea-plants. 

Oriental  agate  cup  8upporte<l  by  a  group  of  figures,  the 
handle  being  formed  by  the  flowing  scarf  of  a  female 
seated  on  a  dolphin,  &c.     In  gold  and  enamel. 

Vase  in  rock  crystal,  mounted  in  gold  and  enamel, 
with  figures  and  ornaments. 


Plateau  in  jade,  mounted  in  silver  gilt  with  enamelled 
figures  and  ornaments. 

Oriental  agate  vase  on  a  plateau  of  the  same;  mounting 
in  gold  and  enamel,  consisting  of  a  figure  of  Neptune 
seated  on  a  sea-dragon  and  a  cUmera  for  the  handle. 

Rock  crystal  vase,  mounted  in  silver  gilt  with  orna- 
ments and  bas-relie&  in  gold  and  enamels.  The  preceding 
seven  articles  are  all  in  uie  mediaeval  style. 

[In  1630,  Toutin  is  said  to  have  invented  painting  in 
enamel  on  an  opaque  white  ground;  but  it  was  Petitot 
who  brought  the  art  to  the  highest  perfection  in  the 
same  centiu^,  and  his  portraits  for  dexterous  manipula- 
tion, exquisite  colour  and  finish,  are  still  unsurpassed. 
His  plateis  seldom  exceed  two  or  three  inches;  but  there 
is  a  full-length  portrait  by  him,  after  Vandyck,  in  the 
Duke  of  Devonshire's  collection,  9}  inches  by  5}.  Petitot 
was  bom  at  Geneva,  1607,  and  died  1691.  His  works 
are  numerous,  as  he  was  assisted  in  his  back-grounds  and 
draperies  by  his  brother-in-law,  Peter  Bordier.  He  was 
patronised  by  Charles  I. — J.  H.] 

The  same  articles  in  the  taste  of  the  costly  antique,  with 
moimtings  of  sardonyx,  bloodstone,  lapis,  rock-crystal, 
&c.,  of  the  sixteenth  century,  as  extant  in  the  richest 
public  and  private  collections  of  objects  of  art. 

Zarfes,  or  Turkish  cofiee-cups,  of  difierent  designs, 
enamelled  on  gold  with  views  of  Constantinople,  and  set 
with  diamonds. 

[Enamels  are  seldom  done  in  any  considerable  size, 
frt>m  the  great  difficulty  attending  the  preparation  of 
large  plates;  indeed,  it  is  a  style  of  painting  to  which 
delicacy  and  finish  seem  more  suited  than  laige  dimen- 
sions. 

The  largest  work  said  to  have  been  executed  on  metal 
is  in  Her  Majesty's  collection,  "  The  Holy  Family,'*  after 
Parmegiano,  by  Charles  Muss;  it  Ib  about  21  inches  by  16. 
The  Bacchus  and  Ariadne,  by  Titian,  was  copied  by 
Henry  Bone,  R.A.,  on  a  plate  18  inches  by  16:  it  was 
sold  for  2,200  guineas.  Muss  died  young  in  1824,  and 
Bone  m  1834,  aged  79.— J.  H.] 

Bouquet,  composed  of  diamonds,  and  a  great  collection 
of  rubies,  separating  into  several  different  ornaments. 

[The  oriental  ruby  most  esteemed  by  the  jeweller  is 
classed  as  a  red  sapphire  by  the  lapidary,  whose  test  lb 
not  colour  but  specific  gravity  and  hardness.  The  ruby 
spinelle,  according  to  the  latter  test,  is  the  genuine  ruby, 
and  is  less  hard  and  heavy  than  the  oriental. — H.  T.  H.] 

Casket  in  the  Florentine  stylo,  made  to  contain  an 
autographical  work  by  M.  Ouizot,  entitled  "The  Life  of 
Washington,"  and  presented  by  the  author  to  M.  Libri. 

Mountings  in  precious  stones,  such  as  bracelets, 
brooches,  and  other  fancy  articles  of  jewellery  in  gold  and 
silver. 

118  Rowlands  &  Son,  146 /?«v;c»/ 5/rert — 

Manufacturers. 

Brilliant  and  ruby  bracelet,  after  the  Holbein  style. 

Biilliant  and  ruby  stomacher  brooch,  original  design. 

Gk>ld  and  enamel  bracelet,  with  carbuncle  and  dia- 
monds, in  the  style  of  the  15th  century,  grotesque  design. 

Uold  and  enamel  brooch,  in  same  style,  with  figures, 
&c. 

119  Emanuel,  Michael,  5  Hanover  Square — 

Manufacturer. 

Large  silver  clock,  siumounted  with  a  figure  of  Apollo, 
driving  the  chariot  of  the  sun,  with  four  horses ;  sup- 
ported by  four  figures  of  the  Seasons.  In  the  centre  of 
the  frieze  are  represented  the  four  winds,  &c.  In  front 
of  the  dial  \b  a  figure  of  Time,  in  a  recumbent  posture. 
Designed  and  modelled  by  Woodington. 

Lu-go  silver  ewer,  with  figure  handle,  chased,  in  bold 
relief;  on  one  side  is  depicted  a  lion  hunt,  on  the  other, 
Jason  landing  at  Colclus. 


-WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  HETALS,  JEWELLERY,  4o. 
BotTTH  Cbktral  Gallery. 


deBBert  Btandn.   EUborately  chased  tea  and  coffee 
3w  daaign.     Ltkrgo  ^It  candelabra. 
A  large  gilt  plateau,  with  turquoise   China  racks  and 


roedallioiiB,  witt  figures  in  cantra,  Bupportina  branchea 
for  lights ;  at  the  boae  are  groupa  of  figures  and  horaes. 

Natural  cryatal  coIiuudb  mounted  aa  candlesticks,  in 
silver  gilt,  with  amphibious  figunw  at  boae. 

Series,  ehowinR  gold  in  ita  various  atagee  of  progress, 
&om  the  ore  to  the  manufactured  article. 

120      Satxe,  TaouA.1,  37  Burton  6'nsc«i<— Designer 
and  Manuiacturer. 

Shakspears  cup,  in  silvar,  with  subjects  from  Lear, 
Julius  CEeOHT,  The  Tempest,  Othelto,  Hamlet,  and  Mac- 
beth. Id  the  divisions  on  the  foot  are  emblems  referring 
to  the  groups  above.  Under  Lear,  two  serpents ;  under 
The  Tempest,  sails,  a  compasa,  and  a  wand  ;  under 
Othello,  the  Venetian  lion  ;  Daauh  emblems  under 
HoDilet;  and  witches'  cauldron  uuder  Miubeth. 

Cup  iu  silver,  representing  Justice  driving  Violence, 
Fraud,  and  Discord  from  the  earth. 


Specimens  ot  communion  plate  as  used  io  the  Church  of 
England ;  manufoetured  for  the  ElccleaiologiaBi  Socntj. 

122        DoDD,  Phiuf  George,  7S  Condull,  Bogal 
Exehange  Side — Proprietor- 
Silver  tea  and  cofibe  service,  embossed  with  faasai)- 

relievo  figures,  representing  the  Seasons. 
Etruscan  silver  t«a  and  coSbe  ssrvice,  engraved  witb 


by  figures   emblematical    of  science.     This  "'^-'*~<  ii 

represented  in  the  adjoiniug  illustntion. 
Silver  fruit  or  ice  dish,  supported  bf  dolphina. 
Silver  circular  cake  baskets,  engrsved  incompartu 
Ornamented  silver  flower  vase.    Child's  silver  mop, 

with  figures.    Silver  sugar  baskets. 


123      9roKE  Sc  Son,  7  Mydd/lton  Street,  Clcrim^l!— 
Monuiacturers. 
Standard    gold    Califomiou    guard.     Nepaulese,   and 
other  guard  chains.     Prince  Arthur,  Albert,  and  Impe- 
rial chains.     Carbuncle  and  diamond  bracelets,  and  gem 


124  HANnsN  &  DE  KoNINO,  440  liAo  Bataiir,  and 

50  VuTKt  street,  Portmaa  »/«an!— Artists. 

Works  in  human  hair: — Basket:  flowera  in  natural  size, 

in  relievo.    Ornamental   family  souvenir.     Frame  cod- 

taining  the  portrait  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  &c.      View 

of  Kensal  Oreen  Cemetery,  in  relievo. 

125  TowNUtT,  R.,  6  Canilor  Street,  Chancery  /.one — 

Hanufocturer. 
Specimens  of  hair,  pluted  by  machinery. 

12C     Llm  ft  Son,  Siiliabary  C«ir(— Manufacturers. 

Silver  articles,  various  in  styles  and  patterns :  — Clnret 
jugs;    coffee-pots;    tea-pots;     sugar-basins;     cream-jugs; 
cruet-frames;    salt-cellars ;    knives,    forks    and    spoous; 
sugar* lifters,  &c. 
127         DONKE,  Wm.,  ft  Sons,  51  CAeapside—Engnven. 

Silver  tablet  (intended  tor  a  Bible  binding)  engravmg, 
Mr.  Armitage's  cartoon,   "The  Spirit  of  HeUgion." 

Another  engraving,    Mr.   Calcott   Horslej's  cartoon, 
"  The  Sjurit  of  Rali^on."' 


Various  specimens  of  heraldic  engraving  on  silver  ptata. 
Gilt   spoons  and  sugar   tongs,   with  24  engravings  of 

icriptural  subjects. 


128    }iABox,JiXEa,  iOixte  Street,  Lincoln'i  Inn  Fieid 

Manufacturer. 

Eiubosaed  gilt  roee-water  dish,  in  the  EHzobethia  si 

Oilt  communion  cup  and  plate,  embossed  io  the  E 

bethan  style-     Electro-plated  o  '  "  '    ' 


Oorman  sUver  electro-plated  wrought  ca 

,  ft  Son,  Cotenhy — 


129 

Monufactur 

Chalices,  patens,  &c..  designed  after  examples  of  tlks 
guldamith's  art,  trfni  the  eleventh  to  the  GftesDth  oen- 
tury.  Holy  Gospels,  illustrating  ancient  modes  of  binding 
in  silver.  Offertory  dish,  centre  from  derign  by  Orer- 
beck,  and  decorated  with  chomp-levj}  enamels.     Chalices, 

with  two  bandlwl  and 

131       HENBTS&  Co.,  2  Bvije  Xoio— Manufacturen. 

Orders  of  kni^tfaooil.  masonic  jewels,  head  ornaments, 
bracelets,  brooches,  breast-pins,  and  finger-rings,  in  imi- 
tation of  precious  stones.     Specimens  of  stones  unset. 


Kingdom.] 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  &o. 

South  Central  Gallery. 


695 


140       HxB  ICajmtt  ths  Quebk— Proprietor. 

The  great  diamond  called  **  Koh-i-Noor,"  or  "  Moun- 
tain of  Light." — (Main  Aoenue,') 

Jewel  caie,  in  tsinqne-cento  style,  designed  by  L.  €hruner, 
EMq. 

[The  diamond  denominated  the  Koh-i-noor,  or  Moun- 
tain (JCoh)  of  Light  (noor)  has  long  enjoyed  both  Indian 
and  European  celebrity,  and  has  accordingly  been  the 
subject  of  traditionary  &b\0  as  well  as  of  historical  re- 
oord. 

Aooording  to  Hindu  Ic^gend,  it  was  found  in  the  mines 
of  the  south  of  India,  in  the  days  of  the  great  war,  (the 
subject  of  the  heroic  poem,  or  **  Mah^bhirata,")  and  was 
worn  by  one  of  the  warriors  who  was  shun  on  tiiat  occasion, 
Kama,  king  of  Anga :  this  would  place  it  about  6,000 
years  ago,  or  8001  B.C.  A  long  interval  next  makes  it 
the  property  of  Yikramaditya,  the  Bajah  of  Ujayin,  56 
S.O.,  from  whom  it  descended  to  his  successors,  the  Bajas 
of  Malwa,  until  the  principality  was  subyerted  by  Moham- 
medan conquerors,  into  whose  hands  it  £all  with  other 
spoils  of  infinite  yalue. 

Whaterer  may  be  thought  of  the  legend  which  gives  so 
high  an  antiqu^  to  the  Koh-i-noor,  we  might  expect 
some  more  trustworthy  information  when  we  oome  down 
so  low  as  the  beginning  of  the  14th  century,  when 
Malwa  was  invaded  and  overrun  by  the  armies  of  Ala-ud- 
din,  the  sultan  of  Delhi  in  1306,  according  to  the  auto- 
biography of  the  Sultan  Baber,  acquired  the  jewel  That 
it  did  become  the  property  of  the  sultans  of  Delhi  is  little 
doubtful,  but  when  or  how  is  matter  of  some  uncertainty, 
although  the  grounds  of  the  difficulty  have  not  hitherto 
been  investigated. 

In  1665,  Mons.  Jeai^  Baptiste  Tavemier,  an  enter- 
prising and  intelligent  traveller,  and  an  eminent  jeweller, 
(although  Ecuyer,  Baron  d*Aubonne,)  visited  India  es- 
pecially to  purchase  diamonds.     His  profession  and  his 
personal  character  seem  to  have  recommended  him  to  the 
fiivourable  attention  of  the  nobles  of  the  court  of  Delhi, 
and  of  Aumngzebe  himself^  bigot  as  ho  was,  by  whose 
commands,  Mons.  Tavemier  was  permitted  to  inspect  and 
handle,  and  even  to  weigh   the  jewels   of  the  Imperial 
cabinet.  Amongst  them  was  one  which  far  surpassed  all  the 
rest  in  size  and  value.    Tavemier  describes  it  as  roso-cut,  of 
the  shape  of  an  egg  cut  in  two,  of  good  water,  and  weigh- 
ing 319i  ratis,  which  he  says  is  equal  to  280  of  our  carats ; 
the  rati  being  Jths  of  a  carat.       In  another  place  he 
affects  more  precision,  and  calls  the  weight  279Ji|  carats, 
and  according  to  )us  mode  of  computing  its  value,  lie 
evltmates  its  price  at  11,723,278  livres,  or  about  460,000/. 
Agreeably  to  the  rule  given  in   Recs*s  Cyclopaedia,  its 
value,  if  of  the  weight  of  279fg  carats,  should  be  625,240/. 
TavrtTiicr  is  evidently  wrong,  however,  in  his  calculation 
of  the   weight   of  the  Imperial  diamond,   for  the  rati, 
which  in  its  original  form  is  tlie  seed  of  the  Abrus  pre- 
caicrimM,  never  weighs  even  two  grains,  whilst  as  equal  to 
Jths  of  a  carat  of  4  grains,  it  should  be  3|  grains,  making 
the  weight  of  the  diamond,   1,1 18^  grains.     The  rati  or 
gunja,  however,  as  it  is  also  called,  is  an  actual  jewellers* 
Wright  rather  heavier  than  the  seed,  and  has  been  found 
by  trial  to  be  equal  to  2^^  f^ins.     If  we  call  the  Imperial 
diamond  320  ratis,  its  weight  by  this  scale  will  be  exactly 
700  grains  or  175  carat  8,  a  sulRciently  near  approxima- 
tion to  the  actual  weight  of  the  Koh-i-noor,  186  carats, 
takm  with  more  perfect  scales  and  weights  than  the  Im- 
perial jewellers  were  likely   to  have  provided,  and  with 
more  care  and  dehberation   than  Tavemier  might  have 


had  the  opportunity  of  exercising :  of  course  he  took  the 
actual  weight  with  the  natiye  standard  of  weight,  the  rati, 
and  his  valuation  of  the  diamond  at  279^  carats  was  the 
result  of  a  mistaken  notion  of  the  weight  of  the  rati  Upon 
the  principle  alluded  to  above,  the  pecuniaiy  value  of  a 
diamond  weighing  186  carats  would  be  but  276,768/. 

According  to  the  same  authority,  this  large  diamond 
was  foimd  at  one  of  the  Gk)loonda  mines,  which  he  calls 
Gini,  and  which  he  visited:  situated  seven  days  east  from 
Golconda.    Ckbii  means  merely  mine,  and  the  place  is 
known  as  Gini  Partiala :  it  was  visited  by  the  late  Dr. 
Yoysey,  about  1823,  and  is  described  by  him  as  situated 
three  miles  from  the  bank  of  the  Krishna  river :  it  is  still 
worked,  but  the  operations  of  the  natives  are  oonfined  to 
the  rubbish  of  former  excavations.  (Asiatic  Besearches, 
voL  XV.)    Tavemier  states,  that  it  had  been  first  worked 
only  about  a  oentury  before,  and  that  the  great  diamond 
had  become  the  property  of  the  chief  Y asir  of  the  last  but 
one  of  the  independent  kings  of  Gk>loonda,  who  betraying 
the  interests  of  his  master  to  the  emperor  Shah  Jehan, 
secured  the  emperor's  favour  and  protection  by  presenting 
him  with  the  jewel :  when  it  was  given  to  Shah  Jehan  it 
was  uncut,  and  then  weighed  900  ratis,  which  by  Taver- 
nier's  reckoning  would  have  been  equal  to  787  carats. 
This  great  reduction  in  the  weight  he  considers  to  have 
been  the  fiiult  of  the  lapidary,  one  Horrensio  Borgio,  a 
Yenetian,  for  he  says,  if  he  had  imderstood  his  business, 
he  might  have  extracted  from  the  jewel  something  worth 
having,  and  yet  done  no  wrong  to  the  emperor,  but  left  it 
much  heavier  than  he  did.    The  emperor  was  exceedingly 
displeased  vritb  him,  and  not  only  refused  to  pay  him  for 
his  labour,  but  amerced  him  in  10,000  rupees  ;  he  would, 
says  Tavemier,  have  levied  a  heavier  fine,  but  it  was  all 
that  the  Yenetian  had. 

Now  all  this  seems  very  plausible,  and  we  cannot  doubt 
that  Tavemier  saw  and  handled  a  diamond  in  the  Delhi 
cabinet,  which  in  shape  and  weight  approaches  so  closely 
to  the  Koh-i-noor,  that  it  is  very  likely  to  have  been  the 
same;  as  it  were  very  improbable  that  there  should  be  two 
diamonds  in  the  world  so  similar  to  each  other.  The 
subsequent  fortunes  of  the  diamond  of  the  Qreat  Mogul 
confirm  the  identification ;  but  the  same  resemblance  occur- 
ring in  a  jewel  elsewhere  described,  throws  great  doubt 
upon  Tavemier's  story  of  the  cutting  of  the  stone,  and 
renders  it  almost  certain  that  his  account  of  its  origin  and 
of  the  manner  in  which  it  came  into  the  possession  of 
Shah  Jehan  is  altogether  inaccurate. 

Tlie  Pathan  kings  of  Delhi  were  supplanted  by  the 
Moguls  of  the  house  of  Timur  in  the  beginning  of  the 
16th  century,  and  the  first  of  the  dynasty,  Baber,  became 
sovereign  of  Hindustan,  by  the  defeat  of  Ibrahim  Lodi,  in 
1526,  or  139  years  before  Tavemier's  visit  to  Delhi. 
Baber,  as  is  well  known,  wrote,  or  at  least  dictated,  his 
own  memoirs,  copies  of  which  are  not  rare,  and  which 
have  been  translated  into  English  by  the  late  Dr.  Leyden 
and  Mr.  Erskine.  Immediately  after  the  battle  of  Pani- 
pat,  Baber  sent  his  son  Ilumayim  against  Agra,  the 
citadel  of  wliich  had  been  held  for  Ibrahim  by  Bikermajit 
or  Yikramaditya,  Raja  of  Gwalior,  who  had  been  also 
killed  at  Panipat.  As  Baber  relates  the  story,  "The 
family  of  Bikermajit  and  the  hea<ls  of  his  clan  were  at  the 
moment  in  Agra.  Upon  Ilumayun's  arrival  they  at- 
tempted to  escape,  but  were  stopped  by  the  parties 
stationed  to  watch  their  movements,  and  were  brought 
in  prisoners.  Humayun  would  not  permit  them  to  bo 
plundered,  and  of  their  own  free  wiU  they  pre8«»nted  to 
him  a  |K^Iikash,  consisting  of  a  quantity  of  jewels  and 


696 


Class  23.— WORKS  IN  PRECIOUS  METALS,  JEWELLERY,  Ac. 

South  Centbal  Gallery. 


predouB  stoDes ;  amongst  which  was  one  ftunoos  diamond 
which  had  been  acquired  by  Sultan  Ala-ud-din.  It  is  so 
Taluable  that  a  judge  of  diamonds  valued  it  at  lialf  of  the 
dailj  expense  of  the  whole  world;  it  is  about  8  mishlfalw  in 
weight :  on  my  arriyal  Humayun  presented  it  as  a  pesh- 
kash  to  me,  and  I  gave  it  back  to  him  as  a  present.** — 
Mem,  ofBaber^  808. 

We  have  here  unquestionable  testimony  of  Baber^s 
having  oome  into  possession  of  a  remarkable  diamond, 
which  from  its  weight  and  value  was  very  possibly  the 
same  that  Tavemier  saw.  The  translator  of  Baber,  in  a 
note,  makes  8  mishkals  equal  to  820  ratis,  which  is  the 
same  as  Tavemier's  specification.  According  to  Ferishta, 
who  repeats  the  story,  the  weight  was  8  mishkals,  or  224 
ratis  only,  which  would  make  it  only  491  grains,  or  125 
carats.  Baber^s  expression,  however,  is  "ghiliban,** 
which  would  indicate  not  actual  but  estimated  weight : 
according  to  the  actual  valuation  of  the  Arabian  mishkal 
at  72  grains,  the  weight  of  Baber^s  diamond  would  be  676 
grains ;  but  it  is  always  difficult  to  fix  with  precision  the 
value  of  Indian  weights  and  measiires,  as  they  vaiy  in 
difi*erent  places  and  at  difierent  times.  It  is  sufficient  to 
determine  that  Baber  obtained  a  diamond,  corresponding 
nearly  if  not  exactly  in  weight  and  value  with  one  found 
above  a  century  later  in  the  possession  of  his  descendants. 
The  weight,  however,  of  Saber's  diamond  being  much  the 
same  as  that  of  Aurungzebe's,  the  story  of  the  original 
weight  and  the  loss  in  cutting  is  not  to  be  relied  on.  It 
might  indeed  be  supposed  that  we  have  two  difierent 
stones  intended ;  but  besides  the  improbability  that  two 
diamonds  of  imusual  size,  so  nearly  or  so  exactly  the 
same,  should  have  been  met  with,  it  is  worthy  of  remark, 
that  Tavemier  did  not  see  in  the  imperial  cabinet  any 
second  diamond  at  all  approaching  the  great  diamond  in 
dimensions — the  largest  diamond  in  succession  that  he 
saw  did  not  exceed  62  carats.  The  large  diamond  in  the 
peacock  throne  he  estimates  at  80  or  90  carats,  whilst 
none  of  the  rest  were  more  than  10  or  12.  Had  there 
been  two  large  diamonds,  one  obtained  by  Baber  and  the 
other  by  Aurungzebe,  he  would  scarcely  have  failed  to 
notice  both. 

It  still  remains  to  be  established,  however,  how  far  the 
great  diamond  of  the  Mogul  emperors  is  to  be  considered 
as  the  same  with  the  Koh-i-noor,  as  that  appellation  is 
not  given  to  it  by  the  earUer  writers.  That  the  Mogul 
diamond  passed  into  the  possession  of  the  ruling  family 
of  Kabul  is,  however,  invariably  affirmed  by  the  members 
of  that  fiamily,  and  by  the  jewellers  of  DeUii  and  Kabul, 
and  is  by  both  identified  with  the  Koh-i-noor.  We  know 
from  oonciurrent  and  imquestionable  evidence,  that  Nadir 
Shah,  on  his  occupation  of  Delhi  in  1739,  compeUed 
Mohammed  Shah,  the  great  grandson  of  Aurungzebe,  to 
give  up  to  him  eveiything  of  value  that  the  Imperial 
Treasury  possessed,  and  his  biographer  and  secretary 
specifies  a  peshkash  or  present  by  Mohammed  Shah  to  his 
conqueror  of  several  magnificent  diamonds.  According  to 
the  family  and  to  popular  tradition,  Mohammed  Shah 
wore  the  Koh-i-noor  in  his  turban  at  his  interview  with 
his  conqueror,  who  insisted  on  exchanging  turbans  in 
proof  of  his  regard.  However  this  might  have  been,  we 
need  have  little  doubt  tiiat  the  great  diamond  of  Aurung- 


zebe was  in  the  possession  of  Mohammed  fihah.  «k  the 
of  the  Persian  invasion,  and  if  it  waa,  it  moat  oertaiBty 
changed  masters,  and  became,  as  is  imivM'safly  aiisrtiid, 
the  property  of  Nadir  Shah,  who  is  also  said  to  hare 
bestowed  upon  it  the  name  of  Koh-i-noor.  After  hiadwifh, 
the  diamond  which  he  had  wrested  from  the  unfbrtonafte 
representative  of  the  house  of  Timur,  became  the  propeit/ 
of  Ahmed  Shah,  the  founder  of  the  AbdaU  dyuasty  oif 
Kabul,  having  been  given  to  him,  or  more  '^pnAMtj  takso 
by  him,  from  Shah  Bokh,  the  young  son  of  Kaifir :  the 
jewel  desoended  to  the  successors  of  Ahmed  Shah,  and 
when  Mr.  Elphinstone  was  at  Peshawar,  was  worn  by 
Shah  Shuja  on  his  arm.  Mr.  Elphinstone  refien  to 
Tavemier  as  having  delineated  the  gem,  intimating  his 
impression  of  the  identity  of  the  Ghreat  Mogul's  diamond 
and  the  Koh-i-noor,  and  Capt.  Cunningham  in  his  His- 
toiy  of  the  Sikhs,  calls  it  the  great  diamond  which  had 
adorned  the  throne  of  the  MogiUs. 

When  Shah  Shuja  was  driven  from  Kabul,  he  became 
the  nominal  g^uest  and  actual  prisoner  of  Bunjit  Sing, 
who  spared  neither  opportunity  nor  menace^  milil,  in 
1813,  he  compelled  the  fugitive  monarch,  to  resign  the 
precious  gem,  presenting  him  on  the  oocasion  it  is  said, 
with  a  lakh  and  25,000  rupees,  or  about  12,0001.  etcriing. 
According  to  Shi^  Shuja*s  own  account,  however,  he 
assigned  to  him  the  revenues  of  three  villagee,  not  one 
rupee  of  which  he  ever  realized.  Bunjit  wae  highly 
elated  by  the  acquisition  of  the  diamond,  and  wore  it  as 
an  armlet  at  all  pubUc  frstivals.  When  he  was  ^^ing,  an 
attempt  was  made  by  persons  about  him  to  persuade  him 
to  make  the  diamond  a  present  to  Jagannath,  and  it  is 
said  he  intimated  by  an  inclination  of  his  head,  his  assent. 
The  treasurer,  however,  in  whose  chai^  it  was,  nfbaed  to 
give  it  up  without  some  better  warrant,  and  Bui\jit  dying 
before  a  written  order  could  be  signed  by  him,  the 
Koh-i-noor  was  preserved  for  a  while  fbr  his  sneoeasors. 
It  was  occ&sionally  worn  by  Khurruk  Sing  and  Shir 
Sing.  After  the  murder  of  the  latter,  it  remained  in  the 
Lahore  Treasury  until  the  superoession  of  DhoHp  Sii^, 
and  the  annexation  of  the  Punjab  by  the  British  Go- 
vernment, when  the  civil  authorities  took  posseseion  of 
the  Lahore  Treasury,  under  the  stipulation  previonaly 
made,  that  all  the  property  of  the  State  should  be  con- 
fiscated to  the  East  India  Company  in  part  payment  of 
the  debt  due  by  the  Lahore  GK>vemment  and  of  the 
expenses  of  the  war.  It  was  at  the  same  time  stipulated 
that  the  Koh-i-noor  should  be  surrendered  to  the  Queen 
of  England.  The  diamond  was  conveyed  to  Bombsij  bj 
Gk>vemor-General  the  Earl  of  Dalhousie,  whom  ill  health 
had  compelled  to  repair  to  the  coast,  and  was  there  girea 
in  charge  to  Lieut.-CoL  Mackeeon,  C.B.,  and  Oapt.  T.  Bam- 
say,  the  MiUtaiy  Secretary  to  the  Gkivemor-General,  to 
take  to  England.  These  officers  embarked  on  board  Her 
Majesty's  steam-ship  Medea,  and  left  Bombay  on  the  6th 
of  April,  1850.  They  arrived  at  Portsmouth  on  the  80th  of 
June,  and  two  days  afterwards  relinquished  their  charge 
to  the  Chairman  and  Deputy-Chairman  of  the  Court  of 
Directors,  by  whom,  in  company  with  the  President  of  the 
Board  of  Control,  the  Koh-i-noor  waa  delivered  to  Her 
Majesty  on  the  3rd  of  July — an  appropriate  and  honoor- 
able  dose  to  its  eventful  career.] 


GLASS. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Tbk  besntirul  and  valuable  production,  which  fonna  the  subject  of  the  preaeut  Clou  and  its  subdiviaions,  ia 
**S"">™K  to  Miume  an  extraordinary  d^ree  of  imjiortance  in  the  present  day.  Yet  few  manufacturBa  have, 
until  within  a  very  recent  period,  made  bo  amall  an  amount  of  progress.  Every  process  of  the  manulkcturer 
having  been  beset  with  the  stringent  regulations  considered  to  be  uecessary  to  enforce  the  due  observance  of 
tbe  Excise  laws,  and  no  eiemption  being  permitted  even  for  the  purposes  of  experiment  or  improvement,  it  is 
KBTceiy  a  matter  of  surprise  that  the  production  of  glass  remained  in  a  poor  and  imperfect  state  both  as  a 
manufacture  and  as  a  philoeophical  problem.  Tbe  same  causes  now  no  longer  existing,  K  vast  amomit  of 
progress  has  been  made  both  in  the  extensioo  of  the  sj^licalions  of  this  product,  and  also  in  the  ja-ocesses  of 


Considered  philaaophically,  the  Class  resolves  itself  into  the  following  subdivisions :— A.  Window-glass, 
ioclnding  Sheet-glass,  Crown-^lass,  and  Coloured  Sheet-glass ;  B.  Painted,  and  other  kinds  of  ornamented 
Window-glass;  C.  Cast  I'late-glass ;  D.  Bottle-glass;  E.  Gloss  for  Chemical  and  rhilonsphical  Apparatus; 
F.  Flint-zlaas,  or  CiTstal,  with  or  without  lead,  white,  coloured,  and  ornamented  for  Table  Tases,  &c,  j  G. 
Optical  Glasa,  Flint  and  Crown. 

The  pomtion  in  the  Building  where  articles  in  this  Class  will  be  songht  is  in  the  Central  North  Oallerr, 
where  an  extremely  beautifiil  and  interesting  collection  of  various  articles  in  glass  is  displayed.  Immediately 
above  these  articles,  and  suspended  from  the  girden  of  the  roof,  ore  large  and  costly  chandeliers,  of  great  mag- 
nificence of  appearance,  and  in  white  and  coloured  crystal -glass.  But  in  other  parts  of  the  Building  various 
large  objccU  belonging  to  this  Class  are  arranged,  as  in  the  Transcjit  and  Main  Avenues.  The  sine  of  these 
will  not  fail  to  render  them  appreciable  to  the  visitor.  The  whole  Building  may,  iu  fact,  be  regarded  as  a 
display  of  the  powers  of  the  manufacturers  of  this  country  to  produce  rapidly,  and  from  ajuiarently  exbausllcss 
resources,  this  beautiful  material. 

As  the  glass,  forming  so  large  a  portion  of  tbe  Exhibition  Building  is  of  Birmingham  production,  it  may  be 
rEasonably  imapncd  that  from  this  town  the  largest  contribulious  of  glass  have  been  forwarded.  The  gliss 
manufacture  being  cxtonaivc  in  this  plac*,  has  become  clevolo])cl  to  an  enormous  decree  after  the  removal  of 
tbe  Excise  restrictions  in  1845.  Foniieriy  gliwa  was  made  in  Biruiingbani  only  by  large  manufacturers,  but 
now  the  commoner  kinds  of  blown  and  praised  glass  are  produced  in  laiv;c  qunntitiea  by  persons  having  only  a 
small  amount  of  capital,  manufacturing  on  a  limited  scale,  at  a  cheap  rate,  and  requiring  a  rapid  conversion  of 
the  ]>rocccds  of  their  little  fumnccs  into  money.  The  glass  thus  proihiceil  is  of  the  most  inferior  kind,  and 
coitld  only  find  a  sale  in  ronsc<jueiice  of  its  marvellous  cheapness.  Tlie  works  of  tbe  great  manufacturers  aro 
on  the  moat  splendid  and  extensive  scale,  anil  in  them  the  manufacture  of  this  strictly  chemical  product  is 
carried  on  upon  a  Inily  philosophic  Iweis,  and  on  the  grandest  commercial  scale.  As  an  evidence  of  this  may 
be  adducol  tlio  pnxluction  at  one  great  establishment,  in  addition  to  their  ordinary  busincHs,  of  that  vast 
■urfaoc  of  glass  which  cnvcrs  and  jirotects  the  Building.  Probably  in  no  other  country  could  a  demand  as 
sudilen  and  uncxi-ecled  have  been  met  with  so  much  certainty  as  in  the  instance  in  ijueslion. 

In  adihtion  to  tlie  )-lass  of  the  lluilding,  the  Great  Crj'stal  Fountain,  in  the  Transept,  has  ils  interest  as  a 
production  derived  from  the  same  locality.  This  fountain  is  twenty-seven  feet  in  ]icrpcndicular  altitude,  and 
contains  about  four  tons  of  pure  cr>-«tal  Rlass,  It  is  jiroliably  tbe  lareest  proiluction  of  tbe  kind  over  made.  Tbe 
great  sjiecimens  of  plate-slass,  one  of  which  exceeds  considerably  llic  size  of  any  previous  sheet  of  glass  made 
in  any  countrj-,  are  not  exclusively  from  llimiingham.  St.  Helen's,  Sunderland,  Newcastle,  and  other  locali- 
tiea,  contai[i  larRe  glaaa-works,  some  of  which  aro  exclusively  devote<l  to  the  manufacture  of  plate-glass,  which 
is  a  very  distinct  art  from  that  of  ordinary  glass.  Bottle  and  chemical  glass  is  produced  on  a  vast  scale  at 
Stourbridge,  a  locality  ]»>ssessing  several  natural  advanta^a  for  the  iiroaeciition  of  glass-melting,  Ulaas- 
bouara  exist  in  the  Metrojiolis  itself,  which  ttmi  out  princijially  table  and  ornamental  glass. 

A  moat  remarkable  circumstance  in  the  history  of  the  glass  manufacture  is  the  fact  that,  during  half  a 
cpntury  prior  to  the  removal  of  the  duty,  notwithstanding  the  auKmenlation  of  the  population,  there  was 
actually  a  decrpose  in  the  quantity  of  glawi  manufactured.  Since  1K45,  however,  it  has  immensely  increased, 
and  is  ilaily  reei'iviiig  new  applications,  the  value  of  the  material  for  a  variety  of  purposes  having  long  been 
tcoognised,  but  its  employment  lieing  rendered  ini|)0$sible  by  the  excessive  duties  to  which  it  was  subjecteil. 

English  manufacturers  have  lately  U-cn  making  imf«rtant  ex[icrimcnts  with  a  view  to  discover  a  melhoil 
of  proilucing  glons  free  from  colour,  and  from  ilria,  for  optical  purjoses.  f^everal  specimens  are  eihibiled  in 
it  lustration,  and  ajijiear  to  proinise  favourably  for  the  issue.     The  great  rcfmcling  Telescope  in  the  Kave  is  an 


698 


Class  24.— GLASS. 
Central  North  Gallkrt. 


rUKlTKD 


evidence  that  large  achromatic  glasses,  nearly  a  foot  in  diameter,  are  capable  of  being  produced  from  English 
glass.  Hitherto  much  of  the  optical  glass  has  been  derived  from  abroaa.  It  is  a  gratifying  fact  that  already 
glass  is  beginning  to  be  actually  exported  for  the  use  of  continental  opticians,  and  it  is  sometimes  reimported 
at  a  higher  rate  into  England,  under  the  assumed  title  of  foreign  glass.  Successful  attempts  to  imitate  the 
beautiful  art  of  the  Venetians  in  ornamental  glass  have  lately  been  made,  and  specimens  are  exhibited.  New 
and  patented  processes  of  silvering  glass,  not  with  mercury,  but  with  a  deposit  of  pure  silver,  receive  a  variety 
of  beautiful  illustrations  in  different  objects. 

It  would  bo  difiScult  to  name  another  material  which  could,  with  any  advantage,  take  the  place  of  glass  in 
its  domestic,  economical,  and  philosophical  purposes.  The  facility  of  its  manipulation,  combined  with  the 
beauty  of  the  material,  and  the  perfect  applicability  to  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  designed,  render  this  manu- 
facture one  of  the  most  interesting,  and  probably  ultimately  among  the  most  important,  of  this  country. 
England  possesses  great  facilities  for  the  production  of  the  best  glass,  on  the  largest  scale  and  at  the  cheapest 
rate.  In  her  natural  stores  of  fuel,  in  her  commercial  resources  of  alkali,  and  in  the  possession  of  the  requisite 
capital  to  enter  largely  into  this  branch  of  industry,  this  country  appears  to  require  nothing  beyond  a  short 
space  of  time  to  assume  one  of  the  first  positions  in  the  manufacture  of  glass.  And  the  variety  of  interesting 
facts  which  become  daily  linked  with  the  progress  of  this  art,  appear  to  leave  little  doubt  that,  ere  long,  glaas 
will  be  substituted  for  many  of  the  materials  used  in  the  economy  of  our  dwellings,  and  probably  for  their 
construction  also. — ^R.  E. 


1  Ross,  O'Connor,  &  Carson,  Belptst — Manufacturers. 
Watch  glasses,  in  all  stages  of  manu&cture. 

2  Hetlet,  James,  &  Co.,  35  Soho  Square — Producers. 

Glass  shades — ^round,  oval,  and  square,  of  various  sizes. 

Bas-reliefs  in  fictile,  or  imitation  ivory.  "  The  Writing- 
master,"  and  "The  Musician*' — a  paur,  painted  by  Ge- 
rard Dow,  modelled  by  George  Abbott. 

"The  happy  age  of  Infancy,"  painted  by  Martin, 
modelled  by  R.  C.  Lucas. 


Bottles  for  miscellaneous  purpoees.  Patent  hollow 
corks.  Patent  combination  stoppers.  Glass  tablets,  with 
inscriptions.     Glass  insulators,  for  electric  telegnq[>hs. 


3  KiDD,  William,  12  Poland  Street,  Oxford  Street — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
New  process  for  illuminating,  embroidering,  and  silver- 
ing flat  sur£EM>68  in  glass;  applicable  to  a  variety  of  sub- 
jects strictly  ornamental.  The  designs  are  engraved  on 
the  under  side  of  the  glass,  although  thsy  appear  to  the 
eye  as  if  embossed  in  high  relief  on  the  outer  surface. 

4  Swinburne,  Robert  Walter,  Smith  Shields  and 

Neiccastie-on-  Tyne — Manufacturer. 

Silvered,  naked,  rough,  and  Venetian  plates  of  glass. 

Opaque  plates  of  glass,  intended  as  a  substitute  for 
marble  in  articles  of  fumitiu^,  &c. 

Perforated  plates  of  glass  for  ventilation.  Glass  domes 
for  skylights.     Opaque  glass  table. 

Glass  pipes,  with  Mayo's  patent  joints,  for  conveying 
water  and  other  fluids. 

Sets  of  chemical  apparatus  for  manufacturing  purposes. 

Glass  trays,  for  dairy  and  domestic  purposes. 

5  Pinkerton,  John,  143  Uujh  Street,  Boro*jujh — 

Designer,  &c. 

Plated  metal  dessert  plates,  inlaid  with  ornamental  cut 
glass.  Globe  on  pedestal,  ornamental  cutting,  plated 
metal  reflector  inside;  painted  inside,  with  plated  metal 
reflector ;  and  ruby  and  blue  ornamental  cutting.  Glass 
dish  for  chandelier,  ornamental  cutting,  gilt  metal  re- 
flector inside.    Vase  for  chandelier. 

Ruby  glass  dish  for  chandelier,  ornamental  cutting, 
plated  metal  reflector  inside.     Vases. 

Candlesticks,  inkstand,  and  dessert  bowl,  plated  metal 
reflector  outside,  ornamental  cutting.  Sugar-l.tasin  on 
foot.    Flower  vase,  ornamental  painting,  reflector  inside. 

6  The  Aire  and  Calder  Bottle  Company. 

Breffit,  Edgar,  Ctufilcford,  nenr  Pmtcfrnct— 
Manufacturer. 
Bottles  for  dispensing  purposes.  Bottles  for  confec- 
tionery. Fruit,  pickle,  sauce,  and  liqueur  bottles.  Wine 
and  beer  bottles.  Bottles  for  cofice,  spices,  &c.  Bottles 
for  druggists'  use,  with  improved  pressed  stoppers.  Bot- 
tles for  soda-water  and  other  gaseous  liquors. 

All  of  these  furnished  with  patent  hollow  corks  and 
combination  stoppers. 


7        Wood  &  Perkes,  Worshro*  Dale,  near  Damsley — 

Manuiactiutirs. 

Glass  taps  of  different  sizes,  with  plugs  secured. 

Ruby  epergne,  and  the  stand  forming  a  sepante  firuit 
and  flower  vase.     Glass  inkstand  and  wafer^box. 


8     Shephard,  James,  5  Crawford  Passage,  Hay  Street, 

Clerkenvtell — Inventor. 

Glass  tubing,  with  screwed  connections^  for  water,  gas, 
or  chemical  purposes. 

New  gloss  stopcocks,  for  chemical  purpoees.   Specunent 
of  screw-cutting  in  glass. 


9        Sanderson,  Richard,  k  Son,  9  Brooke  Street, 
Jfolhom — Inventors  and  Manu£Eu^urers. 
New  partition  glass,  for  Seidlitz  and  other  efferreediig 
powders. 


10        Ohlson,  John,  70  Union  Street,  Southwark — 

Manufactiu^r. 
Glass  dishes,  showing  glass-cutting  in  three  diffBrent 
stages,  viz.,  cutting,  smoothing,  and  polishing. 


1 1    Jones  8c  Sons,  5  Ludgate  Hill,  Lcndm — ^Dengners, 
Inventors,  and  ManufEU^urers. 

Ifantcl-pieco  girandoles,  for  two  lights  each,  with  gla« 
shades  and  gilt  stands. 

Specimens  of  cut  glass,  door  handles,  shutter  nobs,  bell- 
lever,  and  escutcheons,  in  chased  water-gilt  mountingB. 

Cut-glass  cornucopias,  on  plin^s,  chased,  and  wator- 
gilt,  mounted  complete  with  shades  and  gilt  stands. 

Ruby  glass  decanters,  engraved. 

Cut-glass  bowl,  exhibited  for  workmanship.  Cttt^lasi 
basin,  with  cover  and  stand.  Cut  table  glaoMS.  Cut- 
glass  service. 

A  pair  of  candelabra,  for  five  lights  each;  designed  for 
a  console  table,  ornamented,  cut,  and  mounted  in  chased 
and  water-gilt  metal  work. 


1 2    Gatchell,  George,  Anne  Street,  Waterford,  Irtlamd— 

Manufacturer. 
Etag6rc,  or  ornamental  centre  stand  for  a  banqueting 
table;  consisting  of  forty  pieces  of  cut  glass,  so  fitted  to 
each  other  as  to  require  no  connecting  sockets  of  any  other 
nialerial.  Quart  and  pint  decanters,  cut  in  hollow  prisms. 
Centre  vase,  or  bowl,  on  detached  tripod-stand.  Vases 
with  covers.  Designed  and  executed  at  the  Waterford 
glass  works. 


Kingdom. 


Class  24.--OLASS. 
Central  North  Gallery. 


(J99 


^3        MouNSAiTX,  Webb,  &  Co.,  Manchester — Manu* 

fiActurere. 

Specimens  of  cut,  engraTed,  and  coloured  glass,  con- 
sisting of  water  jugs  and  goblets,  wine  and  other  de- 
eanters  and  claret  jugs. 

Finger-basins  and  coolers.  Champagne,  hock,  and 
oUier  glasses.  Sugar-basins  and  cream-ewers.  Flower 
and  other  vases.    Dessert  dishes.    Centre-pieces,  &c. 

14         RiCHAWWON,  W.  H.  B.  8c  J.,  Stourbridge— 

Manufacturers. 

Cut  crystal  glass:  consisting  of  centre-dish  and  stand, 
complete;  with  the  following  articles  to  correspond:  10 
and  8-indi  oval  dishes,  9-Lnch  plate,  sugar-basin,  quart 
decanter,  and  goblet. 

Jugs,  decanters,  butter  stands  and  covers,  sugar-basins, 
oral  dishes,  celery  glasses,  goblets,  and  claret  bottle,  &c. 

A  great  yariety  of  cut  and  engraved  glass  applied  to 
oaefiu  and  ornamental  puiposes. 

A  variety  of  articles  in  coloured,  fi[t)sted,  and  painted 
glaM. 

Opal  vases,  painted  with  enamel  colours:  subjects — 
Ulysses  weeping  at  the  song  of  Demodicus — Judgment  of 
Paris — Diomed  casting  his  spear  at  Mars — Dream  of 
Penelope — Loch  Oich — and  from  .^sop's  Fables,  the 
latter  gilt;  and  various  others. 

Flower- vases  of  gilt;  ruby,  black,  and  flint-glass,  cut 
and  gilt;  opal  glass,  painted — Pet  Fawn — in  enamel 
colours;  opal  glass,  ornamented  ¥dth  enamel  colours — 
Grecian  figures. 

A  large  collection  of  vases,  jugs,  cups,  dishes,  de- 
canters, and  glasses,  exhibiting  various  modes  of  orna- 
mentation, modem  and  Venetian. 

Match  pots  with  cover  for  taper,  opal  glass,  ornamented 
with  enamel  colours  and  crystal  glass  as  specimens. 

[The  glass  manufacture  at  Stourbridge  was  introduced 
about  1556,  by  a  number  of  refugees  from  the  province  of 
Lorraine,  headed  by  an  individual  of  the  name  of  Henzole, 
DOW  Ensell.  The  first  glass-house  was  erected  in  1557, 
at  a  spot  near  Stourbridge,  and  is  still  known  by  the 
name  of  *'  Himgary  Hill."  The  existence  of  fire  clay, 
and  coal  in  the  diHtrict,  doubtless,  in  Home  menAure, 
detenuined  the  localization  of  glass-making  in  this  dis- 
trict: the  sand  is  brought  from  a  distance.  To  a 
de«cendant  of  the  same  family  is  due  the  merit  of  being 
the  first  to  introduce  an  improved  method  of  making  the 
German-spread  plate  glass,  as  also  the  construction  of 
an  annealing  chaml>er,  or  ''side-lear  ;"  the  annealing  pro- 
c«9S«,  previous  to  this,  having  been  effected  by  placing 
the  articles  made  above  the  top  of  the  furnace. — W.C.  A.] 


15         Davis,  Oreathrad,  &  Green,  Siourbridjc — 

Mauufiicturers. 

Qu.v^  decanters,  of  various  patterns;  water  jugs  and 
gpoblets:  celery  glass;  finger -cups;  tumblers;  sets  of 
Uqueurs;  wine,  claret,  and  champa^e  glasses  and  gob- 
lets ;  centre  dishes  and  Htandri ;  oblung  dinhes ;  cream- 
b(»wls  ;  sugar-basins  ;  butter-coolers ;  plates ;  pickle-jars, 
•alt-cellars,  and  cream-jng8,  of  flint  mateiial  and  cut. 

Lustres,  in  ruby  and  ohryHopraHc,  with  flint  drops,  cut 
Mxl  enamelled,  and  froste<l. 

Rubv  centres  and  standi,  finger-basins,  ice  plates,  and 
h(*ck  glasses. 

Liqueur  bottles,  ruby,  blue,  and  green,  coated  on 
flint. 

Kuby  and  opal  lamp  pillarH,  cut,  enamelled,  gilt,  &c. 

Venetian  gol>lets,  wintw,  clurotH,  and  champagnes,  cut. 

Enamelled  fing»>r-l>iiMinrt  and  ice  plates. 

Italian  landscape,  [tainted  on  opal  plate. 

Enamelled  card-basket  mounted,  royal  plate,  and  cur- 
tain pin. 

A  great  variety  of  vases,  jars,  and  scontjars,  and  scent- 
jara  for  holding  flowers,  &c.,  in  tho  Egj'j>tian,  Etruscan, 
and  Grecian  styles;  many  of  them  cut,  coate<l,  gilt, 
painted  in  enamel  colours,  after  the  antique,  with 
figures^  ornaments,  flowers,  Iand8ca|>e8,  and  marine  viitws, 


of  the  following  colours,  viz.,  ruby,  oriental  blue,  chry- 
Boprase,  turquoise,  black,  rose  colour,  opal-coated  blue, 
cornelian,  opal  frosted,  pearl  opal,  mazareen  blue,  &c. 
Topaz,  flints,  &c. 

The  black  slabs  upon  which  the  vases  stand  are  cut 
flint  glass. 

Specimens  of  the  raw  materials,  from  which  the  above 
articles  were  produced. 

The  whole  of  the  labour  and  ornamentation  performed 
by  E!nglish  workmen. 

[Enamel  Colours, — EInamels  or  vitrified  colours,  when 
applied  to  glass,  are  composed  of  a  metallic  base  or  oxide 
in  connection  with  a  flux  or  glass  which  melts  or  vitrifies 
at  a  lower  temperature  than  the  object  to  be  orna- 
mented or  enamelled;  the  enamel  is  ground  upon  a  glass 
slab  "mth  a  glass  muller  in  some  essential  oil,  and  is 
applied  with  a  brush.  An  attention  and  a  knowledge  of 
the  effect  of  heat  on  colours  is  essential  to  a  successful 
enamellist.  If  the  muffle  acquires  too  great  a  tempe- 
rature, the  colour  flies,  or  the  object  is  distorted  and 
rendered  valueless. — W,  C.  A.] 

16  Wood,  Thomas,  <S'^o«r6rkif/tf— Engraver. 
Glass: — Blue  cased  dish;  champagne  bottle.     Stained 

ruby  bottle.     Flint  decanter.      Tumbler.     Kuby  hock 
glass.    Stained  claret.     Flint  claret.     Flint  wine. 

17  Webb,  Thomas,  Platfs  Qlass  Works,  near 

Stourbridge — Manufacturer. 
Various  patterns  of  glass,  consisting  of  bowls  and 
pedestals,  <^hes,  sweetmeats,  sugars  and  cream  bowls, 
butters,  ice-pails,  plates  and  floats;  pine  stands,  jugs, 
goblets,  decanters,  wines,  liqueiu^,  fingers,  coolers,  tum- 
blers, ales,  salts,  mustards,  pickles,  custards,  jellies; 
soda  goblets,  flower  vases,  toilettes,  pedestal  lamps, 
lustres,  &c.  

18  Llotd  &  SCMMERFIELD,  Birminghcon  Heath, 

Birmingham — Manufacturers. 
Table  and  dessert  service  of  cut,  plain,  engraved,  in- 
dented, embossed,  rough  and  cut  glass. 

[Glass  is  engraved  by  the  operation  of  small  revolving 
copper-wheels  uj>on  a  lathe,  of  which  the  spindle  revolves 
with  great  rapidity;  the  coj)per  disc  is  occasionally  touched 
with  emery  and  oil,  which  cuts  the  glass  with  ease. — 
W.C.  A.] 

Hall  lamp,  finely  cut,  intended  for  the  use  of  gns  or 
candle. 

Glass  medallion  busts  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington  and 
Sir  Robert  Peel,  in  glass  frame. 

Specimens ;  materials  of  which  flint  glass  is  composed : 
sand,  lea<l,  ))otash,  and  saltpetre,  in  different  periods  of 
fusion  till  the  jwrfoct  glass  is  obtaine<l.  Natural  fracture 
of  flint  glass  not  annealed.  Water  fracture.  Fracture  of 
glass  long  exposed  to  intense  heat. 

Busts  of  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  and  Uis  Royal  High- 
ness Prince  Albert. 


19 


Bacx:hu8,  George,  &  So.vs,  Birmingham — 
Manufactiyers. 

Flower-stand,  with  vase  and  cornucopias.  Vase,  cased 
enamel  on  ruby,  engraved.  Gnipe  dish.  Decanter, 
thread e<l  and  engrave<l.      Tazza,  with  spiral  stem. 

Grouim  of  wine  glasses,  cham|>iigiie  glasses,  and  goblets. 

Sugar-basin  and  butter-diuh,  cased,  enamel  on  grven, 
with  gold  leafage. 

Decanters,  flint  glass,  cut  and  enjrraved.  Goblets, 
various  colours,  cut  and  onLimente<i.  Claret  jug.  Caixl- 
dish,  cased,  blue,  on  flint,  cut  in  diamond  i)anels,  &c. 

Vase,  cased,  ruby  and  white,  cut  and  omamente<l ; 
vase,  cased,  enamel  on  flint,  cut  and  engrave<l. 

Jug,  cased,  enamel  on  blue  flint,  cut,  engravc<l,  ajid 
gilt,  with  goblet.     Jug,  c<»rnelian,  ^nth  goblet. 

Decanter,  Pomona  green,  cut.  Chximjmgne  decant<T, 
cased,  ruby  on  flint,  cut  and  engraved,  with  chami>agne 

ghlHS. 


Class  24.— (iLASS. 
Crntrai,  Nobtu  Gallbby, 


Cut-glBOS  TD 


"  cHiied."     Wine,  claret,  nnd  chum] 


Tapngae 

it-gloBB  butter-dUb,  ciued,  etuuael  on  yellow.  Vaso, 
green  and  white,  omameiited.  Cut-glass  centre  dish  and 
tttaod,  green. 

[Hony  of  tbe  apecimena  here  exhiblteil  are  of  "cased 
gUas."  Thifl  term  is  applied  to  glaas  which  hoa  received 
line  or  mare  layers  of  coloured  glB«  upon  ita  aurfpcewbon 
hetited.  The  manipulation  ia  extremely  simple.  A  ball  of 
t^olourleas  tnmeparent  glass  ia  collected  by  the  blower, 
which  forms  the  body,  upon  which  a  hollow  esse  of  coloured 
glasa  ia  placed,  and  theee  ore  then  welded  together  by  beat. 
When  the  masa  thus  fonned  is  blown  into  shsiie,  uid 
the  eiterior  caaing  cut  through,  the  nppeanmca  ofapartly 
coloured  and  partly  oolourlesa  glaw  is  preaeoted.  In  bouib 
instances,  three  or  mora  casing  of  diSereut  colours  ere 
Applied,  each  of  which  may  be  rendered  Tiaible  by  cutting 
through  the  overlying  caainga,  Tbe  Portland  and  Naples 
vaiaa  were  made  by  "  ooaing."— H.  E.] 


20         OsLER,  F,  &  C,  44  OsforJ  Street,  and  Si-ood 
Street,  BirnUiyham — Manu&cturers. 

Large  fountain,  in  cut  crystal  gloss,  '2T  feet  high.  (At 
tlu  iattritction  of  the  Main  Aarme  and  Tniunepl.)  This 
fountain  is  represented  in  the  accompanying  Plate. 

Candelabra  (a  pair),  in  cut  crystal  glass,  carrying 
15  lights  each,  height  eight  feet ;  tbe  property  of  the 
Queen. 

Crystal  glass  candelabrum,  supported  on  three  griffins, 
im  frosted  glass. 

Large  ts^le  candelabrum,  in  crystal  gloas,  with  prismatic 

Large  lustres,  mounted,  with  crystal  prisma. 

BuEt«  of  the  Queen  and  II.li.H.  E^uce  Albert,  in 
frosted  glass. 

Busts  of  Shakspeare,  Kiiton,  Scott,  and  Peel,  in  frosted 
glass. 

[llune  busts  are  produced  in  moulds,  and  tbe  enamel 
or  bright  surface  of  the  glara  is  removed  by  abmsion  or 
grinding;  their  effect  ia  pleasant,  and  would  seem  to 
indicate  that  larger  woAs  might  with  propriety  ba 
undertaken  of  the  same  kind  and  material.  Ita  inde- 
atruirtible  chaiwjt«r  &om  atmospheric  causes  would 
likewise  affbrd  a  medium  for  the  production  of  statues 
and  monumental  erections  auperior  to  marble,  which, 
in  our  climate,  is  speedily  discoloured  and  corroded. — 
W.  C.  A.] 


21      Harris,  Ricb,  &  Son,  hliagtan  Qlaa  Worlii, 
Jlinnvuiluiin — Designers  and  Manu&cturen. 

Pressed  and  moulded  glass  tumblers,  goblets,  wines, 
■ugar-baunB,  butter-coolers,  salt-cellars,  honey-pots,  door 
knobs,  &». 

[By  pressing  ia  meant  the  mode  of  producing  oma- 
mantation  on  glass  in  moulds  by  pressure,  and  is  effected 
by  a  press,  plunger,  and  metal-mould,  corresponding  in 
internal  abnpe  to  tbe  article  to  be  produce<t.  The  work- 
man receives  from  a  servitor  a  melted  tmae  of  glass,  of 
which  he  drops  a  quantity  into  the  mould,  and  discon- 
nects it  from  tbe  rod  by  cutting  it  off  with  a  pair  of 
■ciaaon;  the  mould  with  the  melted  glass  ia  then  placed 
under  the  plungers,  it  is  screwed  do>m,  which  forces  the 
glass  into  every  marking.  Minute  flsaurea  or  cmcka 
which  are  obearvabie  on  the  siirfooe  are  removed  by  again 
heating  the  object  made,  which  ia  now  attached  to  a 
"punty,"  and  causing  it  to  revolve  while  the  workman 
holds  against  it  a  piece  of  timber,  the  heat  of  which,  wlieo 
red,  speedily  fuses  the  whole  of  the  exterior  of  the  glaas 
fcrticla  to  a  uniform  surface. — W.  C.  A.] 

Specimens  of  various  articles  in  dint  glass,  blown,  cut, 
Kud  engraved. 

Ornamental  glan,  of  various  colour*,  opal,  alabaster. 


light  and  dork  r    _ . 

coloured  by  oxides  of  copper  azid  gold. 

The  articles  made  in  theee  colours  are  gilt,  enamel]' 
cut,  and  engraved  I  they  consist  of  tazEBS,  liqueur  serric 
compotiere,  butter-coolers,  Bugar-basins,  toilet-bottJ 
claret-jugs,  goblets,  water-juga,  vases,  Ac 

[In  gilding  glus-work,  the  brown  oude  of  gold  is  uai 
which  is  ground  up  with  a  Qui,  and  eventually  with  a 
oil.  It  is  worked  with  a  brush,  and  la  then  subjected 
the  beat  of  a  muffie  sufBaiant  to  melt  the  Oux:  it 
allowed  to  cool,  when  it  presents  a  dim  appearaooe. 
brilliancy  ia  given  by  burnishing  irith  stone  bonuBhers. 
W.  C-  A.] 

Spcciinens  of  colours,  combined  by  csfflnK  or  coatJ 

eitemal   coats  ai 
layer,  and  tbe  L 
desired  effect  ia  produced, 
kinds  of  coloured  glasa  ai 
of  gooda  aa  in  the  formei 

[The  operatian  of  coating  or  ca^ng  on  Sint  or  otl 
foundation  with  various  colours  is  performed  as  follow* 
A  globe  of  glaaa  is  gathered,  of  which  the  veaael  is  to 
made:  to  this  a  portion  of  coloured  glass  already  mi 
concave  is  applied;  when  both  are  in  a  heated  stAti^  tl 
are  then  pressed  together,  and  a  frsctun  horizoola 
would  show  a  concentric  ring  of  two  coloun.  If  tn 
colours  are  desired,  they  are  applied  in  the  lame  mam 
It  will  readily  be  uaderst«od  that  a  cut  with  a  conv 
auifaced  stone  will  cut  through  tbo  various  coatings  ■ 
expose  the  original  body. — W.  C.  A.] 

Specimens  of  threaded  glass. — A  kind  of  glass  for  wh 
Tenice  is  Camoua,  and  where  it  was  for  a  long  time  alto 
exclu,9ively  manufactured. 


□g  thfl  oa 

1  ba^,  and  < 
combinationa  of  varii 
I  applied  to  the  aame  descript 


22         ChahCb  Brothebb  &  Co-,  GliM  Worlu,  itMr 
Blrminghim — HauuGuiturera. 
Crown  window  glass,   in  tables,   illustnting  varii 

Sheet,  or  oytindsr  window  glaas,  made  of  five  diflm 
thicknesses,  weighing  reapeotiTely  13,  IS,  21,  26,  and 
ounces  per  superGciu  foot.  The  building  for  the  Or 
Exhibition  is  glazed  with  the  16-ounoa^us, 

[The  process  by  which  panes  of  ihaet  or  oj-Iin 
wiadow-glaaa,  49  iochee  long  (the  length  of  the  panes 
the  building  of  theQreatGxhibition)caQbenMd^  ia  n 
simple  and  beautiful,  A  quantity  of  moIt«D  ^aa  bar 
been  collected  on  the  eitremityof  thairoDbloww,  iat 
tended  Grit  into  a  spherical  form;  it  iatbenbeatadin  I 
furnace,  and  tbe  glowing  mass  ia  swung  mmd  by  I 
workman,  who  stands  on  the  edge  of  a  pit,  until  it  bsoos 
elongated  to  the  required  extent.  The  cylindsr  tl 
formed  is  then  out  off  at  both  ends,  is  out  through  i 
middle,  placed  in  a  flattening  Aimace,  where  it  ia  spn 
out  upon  a  alab  quite  flat-  After  b«ng  aoiMaled,  I 
pane  is  completed. — R.  G.J 

Patent  plate  glass.  The  procen  of  manufkctnre  eonsi 
in  grinding  and  polishing  ordinary  sheet  glass,  in  anc 


the  glaa 

reiluced.  This  glass  is  used  for  the  windows  of  shi 
and  dwelling-bouses;  for  prints,  pictures,  looking-glaa 
and  other  puri>oeea. 

Coloured  window  glass.  In  order  to  illustiate  the  < 
forcDco  between  solid  and  pot -metal  glass  (which  iscoloui 
throi;gbout  its  entire  substance)  and  flarhed  and  ilaii 
gluas  (which  are  coloured  on  the  auriaoe  only),  rsrii 
apecimeoa  of  coloured  glora  are  combined  together;  I 
white  ground  in  the  flaabod  and  stained  glaaa  has  hi 
rendered  apparent  by  being  emboaBed,  by  which  tbe  ■ 
loured  coating  ia  partially  removed. 

OlasK  shades,  round,  oval,  and  square. 


«.. 


Class  24.— GLASS. 
Central  North  Gallery. 


701 


I  glau : — Flint  and  crown  glass  in  discs  of  variouh 
d  in  plates,  for  the  use  of  opticians;  and  thin 
d  for  the  polariniion  of  light. 


IHEAD,  Jaxeb,  35  /?oya/ ^jKAon^—Manufkoturer. 

model  windows,  fitted  with  different  qualities 
ited  plate  and  sheet  glam,  for  ventilation,  showins 
lus  modes  of  application  in  fitting,  Ac.  Model 
J  frames.  Squares  of  perforated  ventilating 
ariouB  colours,  in  frames. 
shipi^  ventilating  aide  scuttles,  round  and  square, 
^•cS,  in  perforated  plate,  sheet,  and  flint  glass. 

chimnej  ventilators,  in  perforated  flint  and 
as  in  various  colours.  Coloured  glass  gas  and 
trMStors.  Model  skylight,  fitted  with  perforated 
gglaai. 

ri;  Gbobob,  Deptford,  and  488  Kew  Oxford 
Sirwet — Patentee  and  ManufMtorer. 

ens  of  grained  woods,  and  veined  marble, 
,  agate,  and  madrepores,  figured  on  the  back  of 
wn,  or  sheet  glass,  on  flat  or  curved  surfaces, 
a  aa  a  veneer  to  purnoaea  of  decoration.  The 
sad  imitation  of  mait>les  on  glass  is  the  inven- 
[r.  O.  Newbery,  and  is  patenC  By  embedding 
solid  substance,  as  stone,  slate,  tile,  wood,  &c., 
able  cement,  ao  aa  to  leave  no  vacuum,  there 
lo  vibration,  the  two  surfaces  being  in  perfect 
ind  under  these  conditions  the  thinnest  glass 
ar  the  blow  of  a '  mallet  without  breaking." 
hue  be  regarded  as  a  durable  glass  varnish. 
.heae  apedmens  are  painted  immediately  on  the 
en  done  by  transfer,  and  all  may  be  vitrified 
lalfbrnaoe. 

ow  testoraliaed  glasiT  for  blinds,  in  lieu  of  wire, 
I  novelty  consists  in  cementing  a  texture— a 
he  production  of  the  lace  loom,  on  one  side  of 
wbich  tezturalizcd  surface  is  placed  against 
me  of  glass,  and  fixed  in  sashes  after  the  luiial 
ritfa  putty,  &c.  The  texture  being  thus  placed 
wo  aurfiiccH,  and  Bomi-tnuisparent  in  itii  nature. 
B  are  prcporx'ecl  unimpaired,  and  it  in  rendertMl 
id  economical, 
letached  gloss  letters. 

LAUDET  &  HOCGHTON,  89  //(//t  IfoifiOni — 

IVoiirietoFH. 
ladea,  of  varioiui  Iiu-ge  ami  Hinall  Rizofl,  for  cover- 
alabanter  omaiiientJ«,  and  auv  other  articIcB 
r  require  protection  from  duiit  or  the  impurity 
.osphore. 

.!f,  ROBKRT,  .*»  Prinrfn  Str^rt^  Leu:rster  Square 

— Designer  an<l  Inventor. 
»f  the  Great  Exhibition  Building,   of  glass  and 

portable  glass  pavilion,  for  lawns  or  pleafluro 
rhen  8epArate<l  foniiA  gliinn  verandas. 
K>rtAble  gloArt  verandas,  ailapttnl  for  the  p^owth 
ement  of  flowers,  fern^,  and  other  window  eni- 
ts;  easily  converted  into  a  pavilion,  or  Hcrei^ns 
room. 

ty  of   articles  in  glanf,    ventilators,    chuniA, 
ig  diiihos. 

aple,  of  an  oniainental  ile»<?riptiou. 
iwh  coven*,  for  c<»ld  collationr*.  public  break- 
Spoons,  i>enrt,  glibw  fountain,  and  screeuH. 


ABNTMn.  E.,  &  r'o..  4J<  /?fivj»T.'»  Street — 

Patentees  and  IVoprietors. 
:,  centre  dish.  Viino.  iji'een  and  white  i:;la8i4. 
Salver,  nj>>y  anil  wliit*-:  an«l  table,  lilue  and 
ered.  (tlaiw  i^IoIhvi,  mounted  on  ea^lcM,  at- 
omamentjU  8tan<L4.  (ilaiw  ^oblobi  and  viLt4i»<. 
7  of  c«)lotjrn.  Silveri'«l  f^ljL'*^  reflectorrt,  a])pli- 
11  puqv^!*e.^  of  artificial  illumination.  Provi- 
pstere<l. 


28 


CoNSE,  AUGUSTIN,  118  War doior  Street, 
Oxfnrd  Street — Deaigner  and  Artist. 
Goblets  with  ornamental  designs.     Amber  champagne 
glass,  with  embroidered  fancy  border.     Ruby  wine  glass, 
with  vine  border,  and  foot  engraved. 


29  ViZETBXT  &  BRANSTOif,  Fled  Street— TdBiiufBctwTen. 

Ornamented  glass   ware,   for  architectural  purposes, 
furniture,  lamps,  gas  fittings,  &c. 


30     Natix>B,  WnjJAM,  7  Prmces  Street,  Cavendish  Sqtiare 
— Designer  and  Inventor. 

Antique  claret  jug,  engraved. — Registered  design. 

Massive  butter-bamn,  cover  and  stand,  cut  with  crowns 
and  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers:  the  knob  of  the  cover 
represents  a  correct  profile  of  the  late  Duke  of  York. 
Antique  claret  decanter,  cut  and  gilt.  Antique  claret 
decanter,  engraved  with  bird  and  trellis  work  to  repre- 
sent a  cage.  Antique  water-jugs,  cut  in  character  with 
the  sh^es,  with  engraved  goblets.  Cut  and  painted 
flower  vase.    Decanters,  wine  glasses,  goblets,  &c. 


31        Powell,  J.,  &  Sons,  Whitefriars  Glass  Works— 

Manu&cturers. 

Glass  pipes  fitted  with  patent  joint,  for  the  conveyance 
of  water  or  gas,  for  chemical  use  and  for  ornamental  pur- 
poses. Chandelier  and  glass  pump  fitted  with  the  same 
joint.  Dessert  service,  epergne,  and  other  specimens  of 
useful  and  ornamental  glass.  Precipitation  and  other 
glasses  for  scientific  purposes. 


32       Green,  Joseph  Gboros;  19  St.  Joiners  Street, 
Piccadilly — ^Designer  and  Manu&cturer. 

Samples  of  services  of  glass,  engraved  in  Greek  style, 
in  style  of  Francois  Premier,  with  thistle  and  orna- 
mental work,  and  engraved  with  various  natural  flowers. 
These  glass  vessels  are  represented  in  the  accompanying 
Plato  93. 

Large  Etruscan -rIiaim)  jugs:  engrave<l  with  national 
emblems;  "with  water  lily.  HhellH,  and  ornamental  work, 
in  the  Rtyle  of  Fnui^'ois  l^mier,  and  with  figures  of 
Neptune  and  Amphitrito. 

Large  Egyptiiui-Rhajw  jug,  engraved  with  Grecian  bor- 
den*.  Jug/,  EtruKcan-phaiw;  engraved  with  Greek  scroll 
and  figuroH;  and  with  Alhimibra  ornament. 

Clai-et  jugs  and  glass,  engraveil.  Water  goblets,  cut 
and  engrav^.  GlasH  candelabi-um.  Chess  table,  inlaid 
with  coloured  glass  i>risms  and  gloss  foot  gilt. 

Pole  fire-screen,  with  glosH  screen  and  pedestal,  gilt  ; 
|>olc,  with  silvered  giant*  ncroen,  gilt  podcutal.  and  fiHit. 
Trii>le  group  of  the  water  lily  in  glass,  with  or-molu  stand 
and  bronze  leaves  and  stem;  and  with  electro-silvere<l 
leaves  and  Htem.  Single  group  m-ater-lilv  in  or-molu. 
ArtHiette  mont^^,  in  or-molu,  T^itn  gloss  dishes  and  oma- 
mentM;  the  Hame,  in  bronze.  Back  brackets,  in  or-molu 
frames  and  branchtw,  silvered  glass  backs,  cut-glass  candle- 
holdent  and  dropi*. 

Registcretlelectro-rtilvere<l  lamp,  pillar,  and  glasA  centre, 
and  epergne,  stand,  and  glasH  dish,  in  the  style  of  Francois 
Premier. 

Suspending  or-molu  chandelier,  in  Elizal)etlian  style, 
fitted  with  glass,  silvered  by  Varnish  and  Co.'s  patent. 


33  Pellatt.  Apjilev,  k  Co..  Falam  Cila*$  Works, 
Ifoltnud  Strrrt,  lUuhfri-trn,  ami  TjS  Ifaker  Street, 
P*prtnuut  Sfu-ire    -Manufivcturers. 

Hii;hly  refnictivo  cutgla^n  centre  chandelier,  24  feet 
loni^. 

I^inr«'  t:hand«*lier  of  white  ruby  and  blue  gloss,  in  the 
style  of  Alhambni. 

Nine  variously  iirnamont*'*!  chandelierH. 

Crn"»up  of  can<b'Iabni. 

Cut  crj'stal  deiwert  services. 


Apalajr  Pelliu  &  Ca.*!  Angls-VaaMiu  Oilt  mud 


Anglo-Tenetun  gilt  and  troatedglau.  Theaa  gpectmeiu 
ore  rapreaeiit«d  in  the  tbova  cut. 

Engr&ved  glus  vues  and  platea.  Medical  glou,  viola, 
bottlea,  &c.     Deck  lights,  Isintenu,  glaaaea,  &c.     Cameo 


expliUlAtory 


Perfumery  bottles,  lapidar;  cutting,  &c. 

Models,  and  speciiDeiw  of  flint  glass,  with 
catalogue  and  iUustntions. 

Speoimena  of  heraldic  puJatiiiK,  &c.,  on  china,  dwigned 
■pecially  for  the  exhibitor. 

BridAl  dejeuner  service  and  tray,  designed  by  Mr. 
lUnns  and  ornamented  with  npprojinate  Borsl  embteuia. 
This  service  is  repreeented  in  the  following  cut: — 


Apd>T  PMUU  ft  CD.V  Bridol  Tan  S>riic«  uid  Timf. 


[Flial  gitm  (known  on  the  Continent  under  the  generic 
title  of  crystal),  besides  silioa  and  alkali,  containa  a  large 
proportion  of  oxide  of  lead,  for  the  purpose  of  increoaing 
its  density  and  brilliancy,  and  of  adding  to  its  ductility 
whilst  in  tlie  semi-fluid  state. 

The  silica  used  is  oelocted  of  an  evoD  and  regular  grain. 
The  beat  flint  glass  is  made  from  sand  found  at  Alum 
Bay,  Isle  of  WVt,  and  at  Aylesbury,  in  Bucking- 
haioslure.  Befbre  being  used,  it  is  well  waabed  and  dried, 
care  being  taken  in  the  latter  process  to  preserve  it  from 
carbonaceous  mattcra. 

The  alkali  potash  is  always  used  for  the  beet  flint  gloss, 
because  soda  invariably  imparts  to  it  a  dull  grey  tint. 
The  carbonate  and  nitrate  of  potaah  are  employed  in  the 


proportion  of  two-thirds  of  the  fonner  to  one-third  of 
tba  latter.  In  addition  to  these  ingredionts,  no  good  flint 
glass  can  be  made  without  oiidB  of  manganese.  Were 
all  tbe  other  materials  chemically  pure,  the  glaaa  would 
not  be  colourless,  but  invariably  of  a  gtoen  tint,  roulting 
from  deoiidatioa.  To  prevent  this,  the  oxide  of  manga- 
nese is  used.  The  whole  art  of  producing  colourleas 
glass  lies  in  the  proper  regulation  of  the  quantity  of  oxide 
of  manganese,  which  must  be  augmented  with  the  in- 
creased degree  of  heat  to  which  tbe  materials  are  subjected. 
This  is  a  matter  of  some  difficulty.  A  very  amall  quan- 
tity of  tbe  oxide  of  manganaBe  changes  the  tint  of  a  loige 
body  of  melted  glass;  one  quarter  of  an  ounce  ■"■*''"(;  an 
apparent  difference  in  colour  in  1 6  cwt.  of  glass. 

Batch  (see  specimen  No.  5)  is  the  term  applied  to  tlM 
glass  mixture.  The  usual  formula  for  flint  glaaa  is  one 
port  by  wei^t  of  alkali,  two  of  lead,  and  three  of  sand) 
and  the  closer  these  proportions  can  be  adhered  to,  tbe 
more  compact,  re&active,  and  homogeneoua  Uw  glaas. 
It  frequently  lu4>penB  that,  from  insufficient  fuel  or  • 
badly-constructed  furnace,  these  proportiona  are  departed 
from,  more  alkali  being  used  in  order  to  secure  tha  fudoa 
of  tbe  glass  within  a  given  time;  but  this  deterioratsi 
the  quality  of  the  glass.  To  the  nature  of  the  (bet  in 
this  country  is  to  be  asoribed  tbe  superior  quality  rf 
English  glass  of  every  description;  the  molecular  stno- 
turn  of  which  ia  clooer,  because  it  eontaina  a  larger  pco- 
portion  of  silica  than  the  foreign. 

Tbe  materials,  after  having  been  carefully  weighed, 
are  intimately  mixed,  and  upon  this  depends  the  boiDa- 
geneity  of  the  melted  mass.  The  want  of  tbii  quality  in 
glass  is  its  greatest  defect. 

It  is  the  want  of  homogeneity  which  prevents  the  ma- 
nufacture of  lai^  achromatic  teusea.  The  attampta  to 
overcome  this  defect  have  been  but  partially  luoosssful, 
and  it  is  to  be  feared  that  perfbct  homogeneity  in  glaaa 
will  not  be  attained,  as  Dr.  Faraday  has  lately  shown 
that  oven  water,  upon  beconung  ioe,  often  contains  stria. 

The  crucibles  for  melting  the  f^aia  mixtures  (see  modul 
No.  6)  ore  made  of  "fiie-clay,"  a  aubatanoe  capable  of 
withstanding  intense  heat  for  a  long  period,  and  of  en> 


Class  24.--GLASS. 
Central  North  Oallbht. 


n     CC,  Onui.    D.  Funu 


Elnainn — A,  ElentioBon 

during  (ha  ludden  oontractiaa  and  eipuiiiion 
the  cmdblM  tn  exposed.  The  Stourbridgt 
which  ii  geoerally  uaed  for  this  purpoBC, 
paru  nlica,  ud  3^  [nrtit  olumioB.  In  tonuing  the 
crueiblo,  great  care  U  taken  to  expel  all  ur-bubbles  from 
the  cU9,_fa  their  expanaion  b;  the  heat  of  the  fumocc 
would  bunt  the  crucible*.  They  are  also  verj  gradually 
dried  and  hasted  to  the  temperature  of  the  furnace 
before  being  placed  thereb, 

fTBitGtuitWnaot{tBemodel'So.n}.~^lnniii\tiagg\ata, 
a  i>  not  practicable  to  employ  the  usual  artificial  means 
of  obtaining  ■  draught  of  air,  but  a  coiwtant  and  regular 
*up^  ii  obtained  by  a  long  air  tunnel  passing  below 
the  fnraaoe;  the  meaaure  and  force  of  the  current  of  air 
depends  upon  the  height  and  capacity  of  the  chimney 
which  earriea  olTlbe  smoke  of  tba  furnace,  and  upnn  the 
can  with  which  all  crevice*  arouod  the  furnace  are  luted 
op.  The  moat  desirable  form  of  a.  flint-glaas  furnace  is  the 
areolar,  and  the  number  of  crucibles  of  the  ordinary 
siie,  oonutant  with  economy  of  space,  ia  nine,  or  at  most 
ta.  The  pnceding  engntiinga,  figs.  I,  2,  and  the  fol- 
lowing one,  Bg.  3,  are  illuitrationa  of  the  glass  fumaoe. 

Tlie  matnials  baring  been  iotimatoly  mixed  as  before 
d»arib«d,  are  added  to  certain  proportions  of  broken 


(M-1 


[Orrr 


CC,  Opening!  for  Cniclbln. 

the  very  beat  glass,  virgin  materials  only  are 
ry  re- melting  deteriorates  the  quahty.  During 
,  which  occupies  about  sixty  hours,  the  glass 
FTerent  appearances.  After  the  first  teu  or 
twelve  hour*,  it  appears  a  honeycombed  mass,  very 
white,  and  perfectly  opaque  (see  specimen  No.  8)i  in  a  few 
mure  hours  the  opaque  appearances  yield  to  a  transparent 
body  fillod  with  thoiuands  of  air-bubbles  (see  specimen 
No.  0);  the  wliite  colour  now  gives  pUoo  to  a  light 
purple  tint,  produced  by  the  oxygen  given  off  from  the 
oxide  of  raangontae.  Asthe  melting  continues,  the  purple 
tint  gradually  vanishes,  the  ur-bubblee  become  fewer  and 
larger,  and  at  length  quite  disappear,  when  the  glass  ia 
fined  and  ready  for  manipulation. 

The  tools  used  in  the  manipulation  of  glass  ore  exceed- 
ingly simple.  They  are,— The  blowing  iron.  No.  10; 
tbe  Horkuian's  chair,  No.  11;  the  procellos.  No.  12;  the 
punty,  No.  13;  the  shears  or  sciasora,  No.  14;  the  battle- 
dore, No.  15;  the  pincers,  No.  16.  Ohas-blowing  some- 
what nwembles  the  operation  of  turning.  K\ory  article 
which  can  be  turned  by  a  simple  lathe,  can  be  produced 
in  gloss  by  blowing — other  shapes  require  to  bo  blown  in 
moulds.  Tbe  ordinary  mode  of  annealing  flint-glass  ia 
by  placing  the  articles,  so  soon  as  made,   b  iron  pans 


[.  liixmuXKb  CaTALoaDE.] 


3  a 


SHUan  or  BlenUan.— 


All  Tan  net  brio* 


within  a  long  low  Toulted  arch,  baviiig  a  strong  fire  at 
either  aide,  at  the  ead  neareBt  the  glasa-houBe;  a  cbimiio; 
at  the  other  end  csmea  a  strong  draught,  b;  which  the 
fire  ii  drawn  for  some  distance  down  the  arch  {nee  model 

No.  17). 

Cotoartd  glaa  is  produced  b]*  adding,  to  the  ordinary 
glaaa  mixtures,  the  oxidee  or  oarbonateA  of  certain  metala, 
thereby  caiuing  luch  an  atomic  anvngement  that  one  or 
more  rayg  of  a  pencil  of  light  are  reSected.  It  ii  tuual 
to  ascribe  one  particular  colour  to  a  particular  metal — aay 
blue  to  cobalt,  or  green  to  copper;  but  Bontempe  has 
shown  that  alt  the  colours  of  the  Bpootrum  may  be  pro- 
duced by  an;  one  of  the  ordinary  metala,  which  he 
Mcribed  to  the  degree  of  beat  to  which  the  mixture  or 
the  colouring  metal  is  subjected.  Iron,  copper,  cobalt, 
mangaoeBe,  gold,  and  uranium,  are  the  metals  used  in 
oolounng  glass;  and  these  bases,  in  combination  with 
Tarious  proportions  of  oxygen,  produce  all  the  coloured 
gtsas  in  general  use. 

The  ordinsry  shadn  of  green  (specimens  No.  18)  are 
the  product  of  the  oxides  of  iron  and  copper  in  different 
proportions,  the  yellow  tints  being  due  to  the  iron,  and 
the  blue  tints  to  ths  copper.  The  carburet  of  iron  gives 
ft  dull  yellow  colour  (spenmen  No.  IS);  blue  (specimen 
No.  20)  is  produced  by  the  oxide  ot  cobalt;  purple 
(qraciman  No.  21)  by  the  oxide  of  manganeee;  and  the 
varieties  of  rose  and  ruby  (specimens  No.  22)  by  the 
oxide  of  gold;  topaz  (specimen  No.  23)  is  giTeu  by  the 
oxide  of  uranium;  and  emerald  green  (specimen  No.  24) 
by  the  same  metal,  with  theaddidon  of  a  small  quantity 
of  copper.  Glass  is  rendered  opaque  by  the  addition  of 
anenio ;  and  the  peculiar  colour  of  the  opal  (specimen 
No.  25)  is  produced  by  the  phosphate  of  lime.  The 
quality  of  all  colour  in  glass  is  the  result  of  a  proper 
degree  of  heat  during  the  fusion  of  the  materials;  or,  in 
other  words,  ths  prerention  as  much  ss  possible  of  deoii- 
dation  during  the  process.  A  variety  of  colours  upon  the 
same  article  is  produced  by  thin  coatings  of  each  being 
united  in  the  manipulation;  so  that  in  the  after-process 
of  cutting,  one  colour  or  more  is  made  to  t^pear  as  may 


tb<  Flue 

be  desired  accordmg  to  the  depth  of  cutting;  the  difS- 
culty  in  this  process  is  the  proper  union  of  tho  sereral 
glasses — ss,  should  any  difference  exist  in  what  Is  known 
to  glass-makers  as  the  "  temper  of  the  metaJ,"  the  eoti' 
traction  or  atomic  arrangement  during  tha  snnnslii^ 
will  vary  sufficiently  to  cause  fracture.] 

34  BlHKS,  RlCHAHo  W.,  58  BaJter  Street, 

Pari  man  Square — Dedgner. 

JGniatura  fountain  for  conservatory,  with  group  at 
Parian  statuary  in  the  centre  throwing  water.  The  vase 
and  pedestal  of  japanned  slats. 

Bridal  and  birthday  d^jsOne  services,  dsooimted  with 
appropriate  sentiments  in  the  language  of  flowers. 


Large  cut  glass  chandelier  for  144  candles,  sbowii^ 
the  style  of  gloss-cutting  of  the  18th  osntury,  and  mo- 
dem improvements.  A  large  portion  of  the  glass  is  cot 
in  what  is  termed  "  lapidary -cutting."  The  candle*  an 
grouped  in  clusters  in  the  lower  tier,  and  in  pendant 
groups  from  the  upper  tier. 

37  DaviES,  Geobok,  20  Wyndiam  l^reet, 

Bryawrtone  Stfuare — Designer. 
Painted  marbles,  opaque,  on  glass.     Adapted  for  in- 
terior decorations,  as  panelling  of  alt  Unds^  i^imA  altar 
work,  ceilings,  iui. 

38  D^vns,  WiLLUJf,  T  BnaMty  Street, 

Biand/ord  Sqftore — Elesigner, 
Two  opaque  paintings  on  glass,  subjects:— "  Florwan 
and  vase, '  and  "  Angel  rising  &om  the  clouds." 

39  Kiddle,  Henry  Edwih,  t  Elder  Strvct,  JVcvAm 

/■o/jafe— Producer. 
Specimens  of  marble  on  glass  in  one  fhuns,  ad^rtsd  for 


40         Ford,  David,  4  Jamei  Street,  SI.  Peter'*, 
Iilingtm — Designe  r. 
Variegated  specimens  of  "Vitrum  marmoratnm;"  ^i- 
plicable  to  all  Bat  surfaces,  table  tops,  tablets,  panelling, 
Ac. ;  the  colours  are  entirely  protected  Croat  the  action  ol 
the  atmosphere. 


KlXGDOM.j 


Class  24.— GLASS. 
Central  North  Gallery. 


705 


41  Hall,  John  Wesley,  Bristol — Manufacturer. 
OmAmental  cui-glaM  window.    Enamelled   and  em- 

boaied  ornamental  letters. 

Emboflsed  British  plate,  for  ornamental  doon  of  hallfl, 
bankfl,  coffee-roomB,  public  offices,  8cc. 

42  FoBEBiT  &  Bromley,  Literpool — Manufacturers. 
Stained  glass  window,  representing  the  figure  of  St. 

Winifred.     Glass  chimney-piece. 

43  Puce,  James,  7  Bridge  Road,  Lambeth — 

Designer  and  Inventor. 
Pointed  glass  door,  a  specimen  of  the  application  of 
painting  on  glass  to  ornamental  decoration. 

44  Jones,  Zebedee,  17  Park  Place,  Clifton,  near  Bristol — 

Designer  and  Manu&cturer. 
Top  of  a  table,  in  **  vitrilapis,"  a  new  style  of  orna- 
mental glass,  for  decorative  purposes. 

45  Beningfteld,  William,  Cokhester,  Essex — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Glass  picture-friunes,  of  original  design  ;   the  gilding 
or  other  ornamental  work  being  completely  protected. 

46  Bbaun,  Henby,  10  OU  Fish  Street  JTi/A— Designer  and 

Importer. 
Ruby  cut  and  engraved  cup  and  cover,  manufactured 
in  Bohemia.  

46a    Hancocb,  Rixon,  k  Dunt,  1  Cockspw  Street — 

Manufeurturers. 
Chandelier  of  cut  glass,  carxring  32  candles,  the  upper 
part  forming  banners  composed  of  drops ;  the  lower  part 
forming  in  section,  a  star,  ornamented  with  cut  pendimts, 
aiiid  terminating  in  an  imbricated  bottom. 

47  CoATHUPES  &  Co,  Nicholas  Street,  Bristol — 

Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Glass  water-pipes,  plain,  jointed,  and  angular.     Glass 
curtain-poles. 

[Many  waters,  and  those  chiefly  of  an  extraordinary 
degree  of  purity,  are  found  to  act  upon  the  metallic  pipes 
and  cistemM  now  generally  employed.  The  attention  of 
the  most  skilful  of  our  engiueera  and  chemists  is  now 
en^ageil  on  the  solution  of  the  difficulty  of  conveying, 
uncontaniinate<l,  the  piu-est  water  from  the  most  abundant 
source :  amongnt  other  schemes,  the  employment  of  glass- 
pipes  is  well  worthy  of  consideration. — W.  D.  L.  R.] 

48  Freeman,  E.  &  J.,  3  Wifiitorc  Street,  Carcndiah  Sqwire 

— I*ro<lucer8. 
Registere<l  model  of  a  percolator. 

49  Barnes,  William,  15  iirafton  Street,  Fitzroy 

Square — Manufacturer. 
A  metho<l  of  decorating  and  combining  together  glass 
and  piecen  of  glasH,  for  interior  and  exterior  ilecoratiom*; 
being  applicable  to  church,  librarj',  and  Htairca.>««  windows, 
for  illuminations,  inlaid  bonlers  for  hallrf,  &o.,  being 
transparent  and  wBteri)roof. 

50  Sinclair,  C,  69  oil  Stn-et,  St.  Luke^- 

Manufacturer. 
A  model,  in  glass,  of  a  gbwscutter's  cutting  tool. 


51  Tarin,  M.  L.  a.,  8  Ndstm  Street — Manufacturer. 
Magnifying -glass  lamp  refleftorn. 

52  Seidmore,  T.  R.,  19  ILiyiiuirkct — Manufacturer. 
Glass  m<xlel  of  a  pump. 

53  Moore,  J.,  33  Clerkavirll  Cl»se — Pn>ducer. 
Patent  lever  ventilator. 


be  made  in  any  design  of  coloured  glass,  with  the  bars 
either  perpendicular  or  horizontal;  also  can  be  fitted 
either  in  fancy  woods  or  electro-plated  metal  frames. 

66  PihTi'iT,  Robert,  Leices — Inventor. 

A  reliquary,  or  box,  for  small  articles,  made  of  slips  of 


.^4       Mash.  J.,  93  Firriujiinn  street.  City — Patentee. 
Patent  crystal  Venetian  blind.     This  blind  combines 
t,  lightnesM,  and  durability,  with  utility,  and  can 


60  Chance  Bbothebs,  &  Oo.,  Glass  Works,  near 
Birmingham — Manufiicturers. 
P&inted  windows: — Leaded  work,  with  medallions  and 
ornamental  work  of  the  early  Qothic  style;  and  in  the 
style  of  the  fourteenth  century,  the  figures  being  St.  Peter 
and  St.  Paul,  St.  George  and  Britannia.  Armorial  deco- 
rations. A  landscape  and  ornamental  work,  suitable  for 
a  dwelling-house.  Flowers  painted  and  enamelled  on  a 
large  plate  of  glass,  with  borders;  the  glass  having  been 
burnt  in  a  kiln  four  times. 

[The  interest  attaching  to  this  beautiful  art,  and  its 
comparatively  recent  revival,  calls  for  a  few  remarks.     Its 
antiquity  is  undoubted.      Pliny  speaks  of  "coloured 
glasses  made  to  imitate  precious  stones  and  gems;"  and 
painted  glass  in  the  church  of  Notre  Dame,  at  Paris,  is 
described  as  early  as  the  sixth  century.     To  Suggerius, 
abbot  of  St.  Denis,  in  1150,  is  probably  owing  the  re-in- 
troduction of  painted  glass  into  churches.     How  rapidly 
his  example  was  followed,  is  proved  by  the  magnificent  gla» 
of  the  thirteenth  century,  abounding  on  the  Continent^ 
and  partially  existing  in  this  country,  the  oldest  examples 
we  have,  being  in  Canterbury  Cathedral.    At  first  the 
ornaments  consisted  of  mere  diapering;  then  rude  repre- 
sentations of  saints  and  kings;  then  panels  of  various 
forms,  with  subjects  from  the  Testaments,  on  grounds  of 
blue  or  ruby,  the  intermediate  parts  filled  with  Mosaic 
patterns,  in  rich  colours,  and  the  whole  enclosed  within 
a  coloured  border.     In  later  styles,  single  figtires  pre- 
dominated, with  flowing  patterns  of  foliage,  and,  later 
still,  with  canopies  over  them.     Some  of  the  finest  works 
are  by  French  and  Flemish  artists;  and  this  art  was  tra- 
ditionally kno^Ti  to  the  early  Florentine  painter  Ciniabue, 
who  is  said  to  have  introduced  it  into  Italy.     Probably 
oiu-  actual  obligations  are  due  to  our  Norman  neighbours, 
as  a  necessary  appendage  to  their  architecture.     It  has 
been  a  popular  notion  that  this  art  was  lost  to  us ;  such  is 
not  the  case :  it  has  indeed  been  dormant,  but  never  ex- 
tinct.    The  fine  works  exliibited  this  year — the  produc- 
tion of  living  artists — announce  its  revival. — T.  H.  W.] 

61  Baillib,  Edward,  12b  Cianberland  Market,  aiid 

1 1 8  Ward  mr  Street — Proprietor. 
Ornamental  stained  glass  light,  containing  bust  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  the  royal  arms,  &c.  Figure  kneeling,  F^mest 
the  IMous,  Duke  of  Brunswick,  an  ancestor  of  the  Hoyal 
Family  of  Great  Brit^iin.  Emblem  of  St.  Matthew.  Figure 
of  St.  John  the  Divine,  decorated  style.  Tudor  badge. 
Ornamented  light,  containing  the  Order  of  the  Garter, 
jewels,  collar,  star,  &c.  An  original  historical  picture, 
enamel  I  e<l  on  ^lass,  representing  Shakspere  rca<ling  a 
play  to  Queen  Elizabeth  and  court.  Small  figure  of  RiclLard 
CoDur  de  Lion.  St.  John  the  Baptist,  perpendicular 
style.  Emblem  of  St.  Luke.  Norman  light,  with  emblem 
of  St.  John.  Various  specimens  of  decorated  lights, 
emblems,  and  arms. 

62  Powell  k  Sons,  Temple  Street,  Fleet  Street— 

Miuiufacturers. 
Specimens   of  painted   and   jmteut   pressed  glass   for 
\i'indowH. 

63  Holland,  William,  &  Son,  St.  John's,  Wurtrick— 

Dortigncrs  and  IVoducers. 
Stained  glass  of  the  twelfth  century,  illustrating  scrip- 
tural event**. 

Stained-glass  window  in  the  decorated  style,  for  Wei  • 
lesboume  church,  Warwickshire. 

3G  2 


706 


Class  24.-^LASS. 
Central  North  Gallery. 


rUsiTKD 


Stained  glass  of  the  fifteenth  century,  perpendicular 
style. 

Stained  glass  window,  in  the  perpendicular  style,  for 
Shuckbui^h  church,  Warwickdhire. 

Stained  glass  in  the  Elizabethan  style,  in  which  are 
emblazoned  the  arms  of  the  sovereigns  of  England,  from 
Queen  Elizabeth  up  to  the  present  period. 

64  BoRT,  Talbot,  50  Welheck  Street,  Cavendish  Square — 

Designer  and  Producer. 
Stained  glass.      Compartments  of  a  window  for  an 
ecclesiastic^  building  of  the  second  pointed  period. 

65  O'Connor,  Michael  and  Arthur,  4  Bemers 

Street — Designers  and  Producers. 

Painted  glass  windows  —  East  window  —  triplet — for 
Guiana.  Scriptural  subject  in  centre;  on  either  side, 
figures  of  St.  Geoi^  and  St.  Patrick.  Arms  of  England 
and  other  heraldry. 

Window  for  Southwell  Minster,  Notts.  Subjects — 
'*  Healing  the  Sick,"  "  Raising  the  Dead,'*  and  "  Preach- 
ing the  Gospel  to  the  Poor." 

Salisbury  Cathedral — Elarly  pointed  window.  Subjects 
— History  of  Cornelius  in  three  medallions  ;  figures  of 
Michael  the  Archangel  and  St.  Geoi^ge  of  England  ;  Gri- 
saille ground. 

Memorial  to  the  officers  and  men  of  the  62nd  Regi- 
ment, who  fell  in  the  Sutlej  campaign. 

St.  John's  Cathedral,  Newfoundland; — "St.  John  the 
Bwtist  in  his  childhood,"  and  his  mother. 

Some  n>ecimen8  of  rich  mosaic  back  grounds,  antique 
figures,  ic.;  (one  of  the  figures — ^Percy,  first  Earl  of 
I^rthumberland). 

66  The  St.  Helens  Crown  Glass  Company, 

4*?/.  Helens,  Lancashire — Manufacturers. 

A  window  composed  of  national  emblems.  Designed 
by  Luke  Limner.  This  window  is  represented  in  the 
accompanying  Plate  90. 

Statue  window,  with  figure  for  a  niche  in  classical  dra- 
peiy. 

Window,  in  colours,  with  subject — "  Michael  casting 
out  the  great  Dragon." 

Statue  window,  with  Gothic  figure  for  a  niche. 

Ornamental  window,  with  Grecian  ornament. 

Each  window  is  a  single  plate  of  glass. 

[These  windows,  executed  in  a  single  piece  of  glass, 
are  deserving  of  notice,  as  presenting  a  specimen  on  the 
largest  scale  of  applying  design  by  heat  to  glass.] 

67  Howe,  J.  G.,  4  Cumberland  Place,  New  Road — 

Designer  and  Executor. 
Stained-glass  window,  after  the  style  of  the  13th  cen- 
tury, representing,  in  three  medallions,  celebrated  Scrip- 
ture subjects.         

68  Gaunt,  T.,  4  Springfield  Place,  Leeds — Designer. 

A  painted  window;  subject,  the  Four  Evangelists.  The 
process  employed  in  preparing  the  specimen  presents  a 
cheap  and  durable  method  of  producing  windows  for 
churches.  

69  Hedgeland,  George,  Orore  Place,  Lisson  Orcve — 

Designer. 
Stained  and  painted  glass  of  the  decorated  period  of 
Gothic  architecture. 


70         Hall  &  Son,  Bristol — Manufacturers. 
Ornamental  leaded  stained-glass  window. 


71        Toms,  John,  I/iff h  Street,  Wellinjton,  Somerset — 

Manufacturer. 

Painted  window;  subject — Mary  Magdalen  ;  generally 
adapted  from  a  picture  by  Timotio  Viti. 

The  novelty  consists  in  the  adaptation  of  the  natural 
forms  of  plants  to  the  decorative  portions  of  a  mosaic 
glass  painting. 


72  Gibson,  J.,  89  Clayton  Street,  NewoattU-uptm-Tyna — 

Designer. 
Painted  windows:  in  black  and  white  {en  grisaiUe),  of 
early  Norman  character,  with  interlacing  fillets  of  ruby 
and  green,  forming  geometrical  tracery,  with  an  enamelled 
border;  a  free  imitation  of  a  decorated  window  in  St. 
liartin's  cum  Gregory,  York;  early  Norman,  in  the 
centre,  "the  Nativity,"  and  other  subjects;  representing 
St.  Margaret  (after  John  van  Eyk)  on  a  pedestal;  of  early 
Norman  character,  consisting  of  roundlets,  with  sacred 
subjects;  and  of  the  decorated  style,  with  enamelled  ca- 
nopies and  niches,  containing  the  figures  of  St.  Agnes  and 
St.  Helena,  on  pedestals,  &o. 

73  Wailbs,  William,  Newcastle-upcn-Tyne — 

Designer  and  Manuficu^urer. 

Windows  of  perpendicular  and  decorated  periods  of 
architecture. 

Part  of  window  in  decorated  style,  for  east  front  of 
Ripon  cathedral;  figure  in  perpendicular  period. 

Part  of  ¥rindow  in  decorated  period,  with  g^risaille 
ground. 

Norman  memorial  window,  with  grisaille  ground;  de- 
corated ¥rindow,  with  grisaille. 

Norman  window;  part  of  window  in  transition  style, 
from  Norman  to  early  English. 

Specimens  of  early  English  grisaille. 

Parts  of  window  for  St.  James's  Church,  Piooadilly, 
London— cinque-oento  style. 

Designs  of  windows,  in  various  styles. 

74  Claudet  h,  HocxiHTON,  89  High  Holbom — 

Producers. 
Painted  glass  for  three  compartments  of  a  window, 
viz.,  the  fi^ires  of  St.  Peter,  St.  Pttul,  and  the  Saviour, 
with  architectural  canopies  and  back  grounds,  all  from 
original  designs. 

75  Grass,  Isaac  Alexander,  2  Harwood  Place,  Camden 

Town — ^Designer  and  Producer. 

Norman  window.  Subjects  taken  f^m  the  life  of  St. 
Peter,  treated  in  strict  accordance  with  glass  of  the 
Norman  period. 

Decorated  Gothic  compartments — Figure  of  St.  John, 
and  other  Scripture  subjects. 

Four  compartments  of  highly*finished  pictorial  glass, 
forming  a  Scripture  subject. 


76  Mater,  George,  314a  Oxford  Street — ^Designer 

and  Psinter. 
A  stained-glass  window,  representing  Saint  George  and 
the  dragon,  standing  under  a  Gothic  canopy  of  the  deco- 
rated period. 

77  Jackson,  E.  &  W.  H.,  315  Oxford  Street-- 

Proprietors. 
The  Royal  Arms  of  England,  painted  on  ^ass. 


78    Ballantine  &  Allan,  George  Street,  Edinbmngh — 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Stained  glass,  EUzabethan  style.  Window  of  entrance 
hall,  Glenormiston.  The  Glenormiston  estate  is  held 
direct  from  the  Crown,  on  condition  that  the  proprietor, 
when  required,  shall  present  the  sovereign  with  a  red  roee 
on  the  festival  of  St.  John.  The  pictorial  part  of  the 
window  represents  the  ceremony  whidi,  aooorcung  to  local 
tradition,  was  performed  in  1529,  on  tiie  occasion  of  the 
Scottish  monarch  passing  through  Peeblesshire.  An 
heiress  of  the  sixteenth  century,  supported  by  a  kni^t, 
presents  the  sovereign  of  the  period  with  a  rose.  In  the 
oackground,  a  retainer  displays  the  banner  of  St.  John. 
In  the  upper  comers,  the  legend,  "  He  that  tholes  o'er- 
comes." 

Stained  glass,  decorated  style:  central  compartment  of 
chancel  window,  St.  MattheVs,  Liverpool,  figure  of  the 
Saviour  with  canopy  and  pedestal. 

Ptoels  of  ornamental  gUMs,  decorated  style,  and  Orien- 
tal view. 


'i:-s::-i 


/ 


Kingdom.] 


Clabb  24.— glass. 
Central  North  Gallery. 


707 


79  Nbwsham,  S.  J.,  1  Hereford  Street,  Oxford 

Street — Designer  and  Producer. 
Punted  glass — the  Prince  of  Wales'  feathers  on  a  back- 
gn>imd  of  purple,  showing  the  rose,  thistle,  and  shamrock, 
eociicled  with  a  green  wreath  of  oak  leaves. 

80  Bland,  SamitelKino,  15  Lisson  Qrote 
North,  Maryldfone — Designer  and  Manu£EuHiurer. 

Enamel  painted  windows;  Roman  foliated  ornament, 
adapted  to  modem  decoration. 

81  TovBT,  John  Downton,  10  Henrietta  Street, 

Manchester  Sqnewe — Designer  and  Producer. 
Stained  glass. — ^The  royal  arms,  with  garter,  crown, 
•upporters,  crest,  and  motto,  on  a  rich  diapered  ground, 
with  national  emblems,  surrounded  by  an  ornamental 
border.  

82  HoADLKT,  Qboboe,  6  St,  Jame^s  Place,  Hampstead 

Bood — Manu&cturer. 
Sbedmens  of  painted  glass,  viz. : — 
Tlie  Earl  Aymer  de  Valance  and  his  CJountess,  in  the 
costume  of  the  13th  century. 

Group,  "  Charity,"  after  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds. 
Ancient  light,  containing  a  medallion  of  Henry  VIII. 
"  The  Offering  of  the  Wise  Men,"  after  Rubens. 
"  Madonna  and  Child,"  after  Correggio. 
Head  of  the  Saviour,  aft^r  Carlo  Dolci. 


83      RoTAL  Patent  Decorative  Glass  Works, 
21  CatiU  Street,  Southwark  Bridge  /2o<»/— Producer. 

A  stained  window  of  vitrified  glass,  representing  the 
Adoration  of  the  Wise  Men  of  Bethlehem.  Composed 
and  executed  by  Loussein  Cartisser. 

Two  large  windows  of  ornamental  lace-pattern  glass, 
and  three  large  squares  for  blinds,  &c. 

The  nine  windows  of  the  Royal  Commission  room,  in  a 
new  style  for  vitrified  decorative  glass,  representing  the 
Initials  of  Her  Majesty  and  His  Royal  Highness  Prince 
Albert,  with  the  Royal  Crest,  enclosed  withm  a  wreath  of 
roses,  and  a  border  composed  of  the  rose,  ehamrock,  and 
thistle.  In  this  new  application  of  enamel  on  glass  by 
Doechanical  process,  the  material  used  for  the  matt  or 
ground-work  is  different  to  that  usually  employed  for 
the  same  purpose ;  it  is  more  even  in  suiface,  retains  its 
purity  of  colour,  is  not  affected  by  exposure  to  the  atmo- 
sphere, and  has  a  semi-transparent  appearance,  not  found 
in  any  work  of  a  similar  character.  It  is  applicable  for 
churches,  museums,  picture  galleries,  panellings,  coffered 
ceilings,  skylights,  muslin  curtains,  window  blinds,  &c. 
It  does  not  obstruct  the  light,  and  adds  very  materially 
to  the  decoration  of  an  apartment.  Composed  and  exe- 
cuted by  Joseph  Cartisser.  The  accompanying  Plate,  147, 
rspresents  the  design  of  these  windows. 

84     Swinburne,  R.  W.  &  Co.,  S^mth  Shields,  and 

Newcastle-<m-  Tyne. 
Pmsed  and  coloured  plates  of  glass  for  church  windows. 
(North-  West  Gallery.) 


85    Jambs,  W.  H.,  7  Ferdinand  Terrace,  Pancras  Vale 
— Inventor  and  Designer. 
Window-glass,  ornamented  by  machinery. 


86         Long,  C,  King  Street,  Portman  Squat 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  engine-turning  on  glass.    Applicable  to 
staircase  windows,  parlour  blinds,  conservatories,  hall 
lamps,  or  to  any  purpose  or  situation  where  a  subdued 
light  may  be  necessary.     {Side  of  No,  18,  Exit  Door,) 


87     Bankart  &  Sons,  Bed  Jacket  Copper  Works,  near 
Neath,  Wales,  and  9  Clements  Lane — Manufacturers. 
Stained-glass  window,   executed   by  F.    F.  Bankart, 
containing  a  number  of  small  pieces  of  glass,  united  upon 
plate  glass.     By  this  means  lead  joinings  are  dispensed 
with  and  novel  effects  produced. 


88  Danby,  J.,  14  Halsey  Street,  Chelsea— 

Manufacturer. 
Imitations  of  lacework  on  plate  and  other  glass,  pro* 
duced  without  fire  ;   the  process  is  applicable  to  the 
largest  squares  of  glass,  plain  or  coloured.     The  white 
parts  are  real  ground  glass.     This  process  is  new. 


100         Hartley,  Jameb,  &  Co.,  Sunderland— 

Manufacturers. 

Patent  rough-plate  glass  of  improved  surface,  ith  of  an 
inch  thick;  30  oz.  to  the  square  foot;  for  ridge-and-f arrow 
roofing  of  conservatories,  factories,  and  for  general  pur- 
poses. Larger  sizes  are  obtainable  in  this  rough  plate 
than  could  previously  be  procured  in  glass  of  simUar  qua- 
lity of  less  substance  than  a  quarter  of  an  inch.  For 
conservatories  it  is  considered  valuable  for  its  diffusing 
the  light,  and  requiring  no  shading  to  prevent  the  scorch- 
ing action  of  the  direct  sun-rays,  as  m  the  employment 
of  ordinary  sheet-glass. 

Section  of  ridge  and  furrow  roof  10  feet  span,  glazed 
with  the  same,  in  squares  62  by  18  inches. 

Models,  &c.,  illustrating  the  manufacture  of  crown 
and  sheet  glass: — Model  of  a  glass-house,  the  "cone" 
being  made  of  glass,  with  model  of  an  eight-pot  furnace, 
&c. ;  scale  1^  inch  to  a  foot.  Melting  pot,  full  size;  spe- 
cimens in  the  various  stages  of  manufacture,  &c. 

Model  of  a  green-house  on  the  riUge  and  furrow  flat- 
roofed  principle :  the  ridges  being  formed  of  single  squares 
without  a  lap-joint. 

Specimen  windows  of  patent  rolled  coloured  glass. 

Specimens  of  stained-glass  borders  ;  various  kinds  of 
coloured  glass,  illustrated  by  a  pattern  in  which  no  enamel 
colours  are  employed. 

Specimens  of  various  articles  for  horticultural  and 
dairy  purposes  ;  glass  for  railway  purposes,  &c.  {Main 
Avenue  East,  South  Comer.) 


708  OFFICIAL  DESCRIPTIVE  AND  ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE. 


CHINA,    PORCELAIN,   EARTHENWARE,   ETC. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Thi  Clan  to  which  Bttcntion  is  now  directed  is  one  which  wcnra  a  peculiarly  iatcrcEtbf;  character  in  thia 
cocmtiy.  To  no  single  individual  are  thoee  manufacturers  who  practise  the  cemmic  art  in  Great  Britain 
indebted  m)  much  aa  to  Josiah  Wedgwood,  whose  reputation  has  hecome  universal.  The  finer  kinds  of  earth- 
enware which,  previous  to  his  era,  were  made  with  but  indifferent  success  were,  by  his  eiTorts,  hrought  to  & 
degree  of  excellence  which  has  created  for  them  a  market  almost  all  over  the  world.  In  addition,  he  pro- 
d(wed  at  the  works,  founded  by  him  at  the  village  also  built  by  him  in  Staffordshire,  and  called  Etruria, 
various  kinds  or  ware  applicable  to  manv  different  purposes.  Among  these  were  porcelain  biscuit,  wliito 
*dA  black,  a  terra  cotta,  somewhat  reeembling  porphyry  in  its  character,  Queen's  ware,  a  variety  adapted  for 
table  use,  and  some  fine  descriiitions  of  porr^elainous  biscuit.  In  other  countries,  the  finer  descriptions  of 
oetamic  productions  are  produced  of  a  greatly  superior  character  to  ours,  as  at  Dresden  and  Sevres,  but  in  no 
other  country  but  Great  Britain,  is  the  common  earthenware  for  (he  ordinary  purposes  of  Ufe,  produced  either 
in  such  quantities,  or  of  such  a  quality  and  degree  of  economy  in  price. 

llua  Class  embraces  the  following  sub-classes: — A.  Porcelain,  Hard;  B.  Statuary  Porcelain,  aa  Parian, 
Ctrrara,  &c. ;  C.  Tender  Porcelain  i  D.  Stoneware,  glazed  and  unglazed,  as  Ironstone,  or  Stone  China,  Brown 
Ware,  Chemical  Uleusila,  4c. ;  B,  Earthenware  of  various  descriptions,  white  and  coloured;  F.  Terra  Cotta 
for  Vases,  Encaustic  Tiles,  Tessera>,  Bricks,  &c. ;  G.  Ornamented  or  Decorated,  as  articles  ornamented  on 
Biii<|uc  on  the  jilaze;  H.  Includes  cemniio  jiroduclions  cliieHy  applicable  to  nrcliitcctunil  purposes. 

About  sixty  Exhibitors  ap)iear  to  represent  this  Class  in  the  E.^hibition.  Tlieir  [K>aition  in  Ijie  Buililinj;  is 
in  the  North  Transept  Gallery.  In  this  place,  the  various  kinds  of  ware  are  arranged  on  tables  and  in  cases, 
and  funiish  material  for  attentive  consideration. 

In  Class  ],  several  Exhibitors  will  he  foun<l  who  show  the  raw  material  employed  in  this  manufacture,  and 
lari.'ely  develojied  naturally  in  Cornwall,  from  the  decomiKisition  of  tlio  rocks  of  that  district.  In  thia  Class, 
the  variety  of  forma  cominunicalml  generally  by  the  simple  Init  effective  instnmientality  of  the  potter's  wheel 
to  (his  material,  and  its  beauty  and  titness  for  use  in  a  |>erfcct  state,  form  a  subject  for  iiiten'stin^  thought. 
Wedgwood  inaile  the  lirst  attempt  to  cnmmunicato  beauty  of  form  to  ordinary  objects,  and  his  example  is 
bein^  largely  cojiieil  In  our  own  time.  Of  late  the  application  of  jNireelain  to  statU]iry  has  rapiilly  extended, 
and  a  numlier  of  beautiful  objects  in  statuary  porcelain  are  exhibited.  Many  difiicnities  of  nuinipulatioa 
attend  the  jiroihiciion  of  these  objects,  arisin-!  out  of  the  shrinking  of  the  clay  when  burnt;  but,  notwith- 
standing, great  delicacy  and  sharpness  of  outline  are  prrsfTved,  in  the  statuettes,  and  otlicr  interesting  B|icci- 
mens  of  diHerent  Kxhlbiturs.  A  curious  rejiroduction  of  objects,  after  the  antii|ue,  arranged  in  a  nioilel  of 
a  tomb,  atford  an  excellent  illustration  of  the  facility  with  which  these  objects  can  now  be  manufactured,  and 
so  clowly  resembling  tlie  ancient  luoilels  as  to  \k  scarcely  distinguisliable  from  them. 

The  dislrict  cmprisiii  williin  tliat  known  as  the  "  Staffordshire  Polteries,"  is  the  largest  producins  locality 
in  this  description  of  manufacture.  The  making  nf  earthenware  has  been  conducted  in  this  district  for  nearly 
two  centuries.  Many  villas;!-*,  containing  large  works  devoted  to  this  mnnufacturu,  sre  now  thriving  here, 
and  sappty  vast  quantities  annually  of  chrap  and  excellent  ware  for  home  uae  or  for  cX|iortation.  At  Stokc- 
njon-Trent,  also,  extensive  works  are  carrieil  on.  The  china  of  Worcester  lias  long  been  celebrated  for  ita 
beautiful  qiialily,  and  is  rcpresi.'uted  in  this  Exhibition.  Ibitside  IIlu  woslcrn  extremity  of  the  Building, 
various  large  objects  in  common  bromi-ware,  such  as  |ii]ieB,  condensers,  jars,  ic,  are  .irriingcd. — It.  E. 


I         Hurro^t,  H.,  &,  Co..  ^'Inht-upoa-  TrmI,  Sl'ifinbhirt—  I 
Miuiiirsctiircn. 

oral,  tad  triaaRiiUr  bniiketK.  ji'llv  Ktwiibi,  wine  coolers,  | 

cr*«n  bowls,    n^t  cella™.  elevatnl  and  low  cmii|Kirtii,  ' 

perforated  china,  in  timiiKiise  and  (^l<I,  painted  Cupidx,  ' 

Bowen  ud  fruit,  with  I'arian  figiiro  iui<l  onismental  sun-  I 

porU:   omuneDta,  gilt  and  chaiied,  and  candlesticks  m  \  tcreen  ;    the  gcounds, 

nrian,  gilt,  and  platosof  various  patterns.  i  festoons,  gilt. 


Ijuie  vase,  with  ]>erfonit<-ii  .imamcnts,  decorated, 
^nixlieil  with  or-ioobi  tiiountiiit,-*. 
Pair  of  runiiuwiis  vases,  K'inKai 
Parian ;  tiie   cliloa  in  iiin/Arine 
elit'f,  Apolio  and  the  Miim-s.  id  I'arinii. 

■  Vnses.   a  nnir.  bleu    da   roi,    and  a  pair  Sevres 
ritb  jiainted  flowers,  and  reisod 


1  gold,   , 


:i<l   the 


710 


Class  25.-<:JHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EAKTHENWARE,  &o. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


[Uhited 


5.  *  Pair  of  vases,  with  foliage  handles,  green  and 
gold,  and  painted  festoons  of  flowers. 

6.  *  Pair  of  vases,  with  perforated  chain  handles,  bleu 
de  roi,  with  painted  flowers,  and  gilt. 

7.  *  Set  of  three  jardiniers,  green  and  gold  ribbons, 
and  painted  groups  of  flowers. 

8.  *  Pair  of  festoon  vases,  green  ribbons,  pink  and  gold, 
spotted  ground,  painted  flowers  and  birds,  gilt. 

9.  *  Pair  of  egg-form  vases,  turquoise  ribbons,  painted 
wreaths  of  flowers  and  laurel  on  one  side:  groups  of 
flowers  on  the  reverse,  and  gilt. 

10.  *  Pair  of  round  perforated  vases,  blue  and  gold 
spotted  ground,  painted  festoons,  and  wreaths  of  flowers 
tied  with  ribbons  and  gilt. 

11.  *  Pair  of  vases,  turquoise  and  painted  wreaths  of 
flowers,  with  festoons  of  oak,  laurel,  &c,,  gilt. 

12.  «  Rope  festoon  vases,  mazarine  and  Sevres  g^reen 
grounds,  and  gilt. 

13.  *  Pair  of  Harewood  bottles,  mazarine  ground,  and 
gilt. 

14.  ^  Pair  of  jardiniers,  mazarine  groimd,  painted 
wreaths  of  flowers,  &c.,  gilt. 

15.  *  Pair  of  husk  vases,  mazarine  stripes,  and  gilt. 

16.  *  Pair  of  rope  festoon  vases,  Sevres  green  ground, 
painted  festoons  of  oak  and  laurel,  and  wreaths  of  flowers, 
bird  in  compartment,  and  gilt. 

17.  *  Pair  of  beaded  vases,  turquoise  ground,  and 
painted  flowers,  gilt. 

1 8.  *  Pair  of  beaded  vases,  with  a  turquoise  ground, 
painted  pink,  Cupids  in  compartments,  and  gilt. 

Porcelain  Inkstands,  Seaux,  Card  Trays,  4'C. 

19.  Inkstand,  green  and  gold  diamonds,  painted  birds, 
in  compartments,  and  roses  in  small  compartments,  gilt. 

20.  Cross-bar  inkstand,  turquoise  cross-bars,  painted 
wreaths  of  flowers,  crossing  turquoise,  and  gilt. 

21.  Inkstand,  Sevres  green  cross-bars,  pamted  wreaths 
of  flowers,  and  gilt. 

22.  Pair  of  wine  coolers,  mazarine  ground,  painted 
Sevres  groups,  in  compartments,  and  gilt. 

23.  Pair  of  seaux,  turquoise  diamonds,  painted  birds 
n  compartments,  and  roses  in  small  compa^ments,  and 

gilt. 

24.  Pair  of  seaux,  mazarine  ground,  painted  flowers  and 
firuit  in  compartments  on  one  side,  and  birds  on  the 
reverse,  gilt. 

25.  Pair  of  seaux,  turquoise  and  stripes,  painted 
flowers  and  fruit  in  compartments  on  one  side,  and 
birds  on  the  reverse,  and  gilt. 

26.  Pair  of  seaux,  Cupids  painted  in  pink,  and  gilt. 

27.  Card  tray,  painted  landscape,  figiu-es  and  cattle, 
gilt. 

28.  Small  hexagon  card  tray,  Sevres  g^reen  groimd, 
painted  wreaths  of  flowers,  tied  with  ribbons,  and  gilt. 

29.  Oval  tray,  painted  spnjs  of  wild  flowers,  and  gilt. 

30.  Perforated  flower  stand,  on  claws,  turquoise  and 
gold,  and  painted  flowers. 

31.  Pair  of  candlesticks,  with  figures  in  the  costmne 
of  the  time  of  Louis  XV . 

Porcelain    Cups    and    Smtcers,    Dessert    Plates,     Dinner 

Plates,  4^c. 

32.  A  variety  of  tea-cups  and  saucers,  dessert  and 
dinner  plates,  and  ddjeilne  sets. 

Parian  Figures,  Vases,  4'C' 

33.  Equestrian  figures  of  Amazon  (after  Fauch^re), 
and  Theseus;  two  groups  of  Children  with  Goat. 

34.  Statuettes : — Dorothea,  Miranda,  Clorinda,  Una  and 
the  Lion,  Triton  and  Nautilus,  the  Babes  in  the  Wood, 
by  John  Bell.  The  Infant  Neptune,  by  H.  J.  Townsend. 
The  Distressed  Mother,  from  the  statue  by  Sir  R.  West- 
macott.  Cupid  indignant,  with  pedestal,  and  festoons  of 
raised  flowers.     Temperance,  Flora. 

35.  Groups : — Love  restraining  Wrath  (Beattie) ;  Naomi 
and  her  Daughters-in-law;  the  Flight  into  Egypt. 


*  The  CMM,  tee  .  marked  with  an  aaterUk  are  all  after  old  Sivree 
modeli,  with  new  decoimtions  after  the  old  Sevres  style. 


36.  Statuettes  : — Mercury  (alter  Th(nr?raJdMn);  Shaks- 
peare,  by  John  Bell;  Sir  Robert  Peel;  the  Prinoe  of 

37.  Busts  of  Michael  Angelo  and  Raphael,  by  John  Bell. 

38.  Statuettes : — Ariadne  on  a  Panther  (after  Daneker) ; 
Atala  and  Chactas. 

39.  Candlesticks,  with  figures  in  the  costume  of  the 
time  of  Louis  the  Fifteenth. 

40.  Flower  stand,  group  of  hunters,  with  perforated 
basket. 

41.  Set  of  chessmen,  by  John  Bell.  42.  Chimney- 
piece,  in  Parian.     43.  Ewers  with  stands,  after  CellinL 

44.  Vases,  with  embossed  festoons  and  ornaments,  gilt. 

45.  Roman  Cippus  vases,  embossed  birds  and  foliage, 
and  turquoise  ground.  46.  Sneyd  vase,  with  olive-branch 
embossment.  47.  Pair  of  vases;  one  with  an  embossed 
ornament  of  the  oak,  and  the  other  of  the  ivy.  48.  Pair  of 
Piranesi  vases.  49.  Perforated  flower-stand,  with  fes- 
toons of  raised  flowers. 

50.  Pair  of  Pompeian  cups.  51.  Pair  of  cups,  Suther- 
land and  companion. 

52.  Group  of  raised  flowers,  with  a  Cupid  in  the  centre, 
and  a  twisted  dolphin  support. 

53.  Dolphin  tazzas.  54.  Brackets  with  figures.  55.  P^ 
of  brackets,  after  Michael  Angelo.  56.  Pair  of  eagle 
brackets.  57.  Pair  of  mask-head  brackets.  58.  Candlo- 
sticks,  and  pianoforte  candlesticks,  in  the  stylA  of  Boule, 
gilt.     59.  Variety  of  jugs,  butter  coolers,  &c. 

Earthenware  Fire-place  Stabs. — Earthenware  enamelled  TUes, 

Flowerpots,  4^c, 

60.  A  variety  of  fire-place  slabs,  enamelled  tiles, 
flowerpots  and  stands,  and  garden  seats. 

61 .  Tea  urn  and  tea-pot  stands. 

62.  Earthenware  dinner  plates,  ewers  and  basins,  ena- 
melled and  printed. 

63.  Series  of  chemical  utensils,  in  hard  porcelain. 

64.  Raw  materials  used  in  the  manufacture  and  in  the 
ornamenting  of  porcelain  and  earthenware. 

65.  Fired  specimens  of  colours. 

66.  Earthenware,  in  the  diflerent  stages  of  its  manotac- 
ture. 

TUes,  Terra  Cotta,  and  Vases,  4'C.,  m  imitation  of  Majolica 

Ware. 

67.  Encaustic  and  other  tiles,  for  pavements,  and  for 
lining  walls. 

68.  Pillars  of  enamelled  bricks. 

69.  Large  vase,  designed  by  Baron  Marochetti,  in  tenm 
cotta.  The  figures  in  bas-relief,  represent  Neptune  and 
Amphitrite  on  one  side,  and  Sirens  restraining  Boreas  on 
the  other. 

70.  Flowerpots  in  terra-cotta,  with  Pftiian  bes-reliefii 
(after  Thorwaldsen),  representing  the  four  Seasons^  in- 
troduced in  panels. 

71.  Figure  of  Qalatea  with  Cupid  and  a  dolphin,  for  a 
conservatory  fountain. 

72.  Winecoolers  of  porous  ware;  ornamented  with  viewi, 
and  festoons  of  vine  leaves  and  grapes,  in  buff;  with  a 
wreath  of  vine  leaves,  &c. ;  with  festoons  of  vine  leaTSS 
and  grapes,  and  coloured  in  the  migolica  style;  with  wreath 
of  vine  leaves,  &c.,  and  coloured. 

73.  Roman  Cippus  vases,  dark-blue  groimd,  and 
coloured  foliage,  &c. 

74.  Variety  of  flowerpots  and  stands,  coloured  in  the 
majolica  style,  &c. 

[The  clays  used  by  the  potter  are  those  of  Cornwall, 
Devon,  and  Dorset.  The  Cornish  is  the  best  quality, 
and  is  technically  termed  by  potters  "  China  day;**  it 
enters  very  extensively  into  the  composition  of  the  best 
kind  of  ware.  It  is  the  decomposed  felspar  of  the  granite^ 
and  is  prepared  by  the  clay  merchants  themselves  in 
Cornwall,  prior  to  its  being  sent  to  the  potteries.  Huge 
masses  of  white  granite  abound  in  Cornwall,  idiich  is  in 
some  parts  found  partially  decomposed;  and  iriken  thii 
is  the  case,  the  mineral  is  raised  and  prepared  for  the 
pottei^s  use,  it  having  been  diiooYered  by  Mr*  Oook- 


^■i.  ntTtrvns. 


Xe  STATUETTE,      NR.  OOPLANP. 


Clam  25.— CHINA,  POECELAIN,  EABTHENWARE,  Ac. 
North  TRAHSEn'  Gallert. 


wor^f,  of  Plfmouth,  Id  1765.  th&t  it  fumiahad  th«  true 
kaolin,  uul  ftlao  the  ' '  petunMo"  of  tha  CIudqw. 

The  following  U  the  method  of  prepuaCioD: — The 
■toDC,  having  been  broken  up  b;  a  pickaxe,  is  lud  in  a 
■tnun  of  running  water :  the  light  argillaceoui  parte  are 
thni  wuhsd  off  and  kept  in  suapenaioD;  the  quartz  and 
mka  bniog  aepaiHted  are  allowed  to  lubeide  near  the 
place  where  the  stone  waa  firat  ruaed.  At  the  end  of 
tbeee  riTuleU  are  a  kind  of  catchpoola,  where  the  water 
ia  at  laat  arreated,  and  time  allowed  For  the  pure  claf 
with  which  it  ia  chained  to  form  a  depooit,  which  being 
effected,  the  water  ia  drawn  oCTi  Uie  cla;  ia  then  dug  up 
in  aquan  blocki  and  plaoed  upon  a  uiimber  of  itiong 


shelvea  called  "linnees,"  ao  Bttad  aa  to  allow  a  fr«a 
circulation  of  air,  in  order  that  the  clay  ma;  be  propert;^ 
dried.  Thus  prepared  it  ia  eatremel;  white,  and,  when 
crushed,  forma  an  impalpable  powder.  It  ia  forwarded 
to  the  potteries  under  the  name  of  china^ol^.— T.  B.J 

2     C0FE1.AND,  William  Tatuib,  Stakc-vpon-Trmt,  and 
1  GO  Nev)  Bond  ,S!r«(— Manu&cturor. 

Works  in  porcelain  statuary;^ 

Group  of  lao  and  the  Infant  Bacchus,  by  J,  H.  Foley, 
R.A.,  from  tbe  original  model  in  the  poaseaaion  of  th« 
Earl  of  Elleamere.  Thia  group  ia  represented  in  the 
annexed  engraving. 


Copslind'i  p«« 

Group  of  The  Prodigal's  Return,  by  W.  Thcod.  ThJa 
gmap  is  repreaeDted  in  tba  accmupanying  Plate  35. 

S.Jrtina,by  W.  C.  Maraball,  R.A.    See  Milton's  Coraug. 

The  GoHtherd,  by  the  late  J.  R.  Hyatt,  R.A.,  from 
the  ori^^nal  marble  in  the  poHHotsiaa  of  the  Duke  of 
Sutherland.     Venux,  bv  Ji>hn  Gibson,  K.A. 

Sappho,  by  W.  Theod,  from  the  ori^tinal  marble. 

l':4ueMtrian  statuette  of  Emanuel  Philibort,  Duke  of 
Savoy,  by  the  Baron  Marocbetti.  Rebecca,  by  W.  Thced. 
Thia  statuette  ia  shon-n  in  the  aecomiianying  Plato  3fi. 

The  Indian  Girl  and  the  Nubian  Girl,  by  Cumberworth. 

Hea-1  of  Juno,  life  siie,  from  the  antique.  The  Astra- 
gali Players.    The  Girl  with  Scorpion. 

Innocence,  by  J.  H.  Foley,  R.A.,  eiocutcd  for  the  Art 


nofL 


].lon. 


I,  by  John  Gibson,  R.A.,  eieciitcd  for  the  Art 
Union  of  Lundon. 

Tbe  I>ancinR  Girl  Rop-wing.  by  W.  C.  Marshall,  R.A., 
eiecuteil  for  tbe  Art  Union  of  Lomloo. 

LadT  GcKUva,  by  J.  P.  M'Bridc,  cieciited  for  the  Art 
Cnion'of  Livon>ool.     See  Teniiy»on-H  GudJVH. 

Sir  Walter  Scott;  reduced  copy  by  John  Steel,  R.S. A., 
ftum  the  oritnnal  coloimat  statue  on  tbe  Caltuu  Hill, 
executed  for  the  Edinburgh  Association  for  the  l*rouio. 
tion  of  the  Fine  Arte. 

Group  of  GraccB,  ami  Rroiip  of  Ciipidn,  as  Kanephoroi. 

H.R.H.  the  Prinocw  Alice,  a^  Spring. 

H.R.H.  the  Princ«s  Royal,  aa  Siunmor. 

H.R.H.  the  Prince  Alfred,  us  Autumo, 

U.E.H.  the  Prince  of  Wales,  as  Winter. 


The  nbovo  iltustnttive  aoriea  from  the  original  modela, 
eivcutod  br  Miv.  Thomcycroft,  for  the  gueeu. 

"Tbe  Bride"  and  "The  Sea  Nymph." 

Group  of  "  Paul  mid  Virginia,"  by  Cumberworth. 

Sir  Robert  Peel,  h^  Westnuicott. 

Lord  Geori^e  Bentinok,  by  Couut  D'Oraay. 

Jenny  Lind,  by  IJiirhnm,     Shakuncaro. 

The  Lady  Clementina  X'illieix,  by  M'Donald. 

H.R.H.  the  l*rinceBs  Helena,  by  Mrs.  Tliomi-'ycnift. 

Duke  of  WellinBtou.  by  the  Count  D'Onaiy. 

Duke  <.f  Sutherland,  by  Fi-ancia. 

Pair  of  Cellini  vases  cuid  pcdeKtodi!. 

Group  of  "  The  R«tum  tiiiui  the  Vintage,"  couaiirting 
of  seven  figures. 

[The  articles  un<ler  the  heail  of  Statuary  Porcelain,  in- 
cluding I'arian,  ('arrara,  &c.,  arc  produced  by  "  casting." 
As  the  luoat  direut  inethoil  of  illitstratiug  this  procunK,  let 
us  sHpjKiiie  the  object  under  review  to  be  a  figure  or 
group,  and  this  we  will  assume  to  be  two  feet  high  in  tlie 
model.  Tlie  chiy.  which  is  used  in  a  8cmi-lii|uid  state, 
about  the  consisteucy  of  oreiim,  and  called  "slip,"  ia 
IHjured  into  the  moulrU  fomiini-  the  various  parts  of  the 
subject  (sometimes  on  luany  as  fifty  ) :  tbe  ahriuking  that 
occurs  befoiv  tbenv  casti>  can  be  taken  out  of  the  mould, 
which  ia  tauaed  by  the  absurljent  miturc  of  the  jilanler  of 
wliicb  the  mould  is  coTU|>oerd.  is  equal  to  ■  re<luctiou  of 
onemcbandabalfinthebeight.    These  casts  are  then  put 


712 


Class  25.-<:;HINA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWABE,  &c. 

North  Tbansept  Galleby. 


[United 


together  by  the  "  figure-maker;"  the  seams  (consequent 
upon  the  marks  caused  by  the  subdivisions  of  the 
moulds)  are  then  carefully  removed,  and  the  whole 
worked  upon  to  restore  the  cast  to  the  same  degree  of 
finish  as  the  original  model.  The  work  is  then  thoroughly 
dried,  to  be  in  a  fit  state  for  firing,  as,  if  put  in  the  oven 
while  damp,  the  sudden  contraction  consequent  upon  the 
great  degree  of  heat  instantaneously  applied,  would  be 
very  liable  to  cause  it  to  crack :  in  the  process  it  again 
suffers  a  further  loss  of  one  inch  and  a  half  by  evapo- 
ration, and  it  is  now  but  one  foot  nine  inches.  Again,  in 
the  "  firing  "  of  the  bisque  oven,  its  most  severe  ordeal,  it 
is  diminished  three  inches,  and  is  then  but  eighteen 
inches  high,  being  six  inches,  or  one-fourth  less  than  the 
original.  Now,  as  the  contraction  should  equally  affect 
every  portion  of  the  details  of  the  work,  in  order  to 
realize  a  faithful  copy,  and  as  added  to  this  contingency 
are  the  risks  in  the  oven  of  being  "  over-fired,"  by  which 
it  would  be  melted  in  a  mass,  and  of  being  "  short-fired," 
by  which  its  surface  would  be  imperfect,  it  is  readily 
evident  that  a  series  of  difficulties  present  themselves 
which  reqtdre  considerable  practical  experience  success- 
fully to  meet. 

The  moulds  are  made  of  plaster  of  Paris,  which,  when 
properly  prepared,  has  the  property  of  absorbing  water  so 
effectuidly  that  the  moisture  is  extracted  from  the  clay, 
and  the  ware  is  enabled  to  leave  the  mould,  or  "  deliver  " 
with  care  and  rapidity.  Prior  to  use,  the  plaster  (gypsum) 
is  put  into  long  troughs,  having  a  fire  running  underneath 
them,  by  which  means  the  water  is  drawn  off,  and  it 
remains  in  a  state  of  soft  fine  powder;  and  if  its  own 
proportion  of  water  be  again  added  to  it,  it  will  imme- 
diately set  into  a  firm  compact  body,  which  is  the  case 
when  it  is  mixed  to  form  the  mould. 

The  following  are  the  degrees  of  temperature  in  which 
the  different  branches  work: — 


Plate-makers'  hot-house 
Dish-makers'  hot-house 
Printers'  shop    .     .     . 
Throwers'  hot-house  . 


108°  Fah. 
106 

90 

98 


>* 


** 


ft 


The  branches  against  which  the  temperature  of  the 
**  hot-house  "  is  placed,  require  that  heat  for  drying  their 
work  and  getting  it  off  the  moulds.  The  outer  shops  in 
which  they  work  may  be  from  five  to  ten  degrees  less. 
— T.  B.] 

Variety  of  vases,  garden  pots,  and  articles  of  ordinary 
use. 

Ancient  font,  from  the  original  in  Winchester  Cathe- 
dral. 

The  Portland  jug.  Lily  of  the  valley  jug.  The 
acanthus  garden  vase. 

Fine  porcelain: — 

A  vase  of  Etniscan  form,  with  chased  and  burnished 
gold  ornaments,  on  a  blue  ground,  decorated  with  floral 
wreaths,  enamelled,  in  colours,  &c.,  vdth  pedestal  40 
inches  high. 

A  great  variety  of  ornamental  vases,  chased  and  gilded, 
with  various  designs  in  enamels  and  otherwise. 

Verulam  bottles :  ribbon  wreath,  and  group  of  flowers ; 
turquoise  ribbon,  and  group  of  flowers ;  and  gold  lattice. 

Large  tripod,  for  flower -stand,  blue  ground,  decorated 
in  chased  and  burnished  gold. 

The  Dove  Tazza,  and  pedestal.  The  birds  and  emboss- 
ments in  solid  gold,  chased,  turquoise  ground,  and  floral 
wreath,  &c.  Another  with  royal  blue  grounds,  the  details 
of  ornament  in  gold  and  silver. 

Pair  of  vases,  rose  ground,  chased  gold  panels,  with 
musical  emblems  and  flowers. 

Pair  of  Armada  bottles,  with  jewel  design,  in  enamels 
and  gold,  on  royal  blue  ground. 


Lai*ge  vases,  28  inches  high,  by  27  inches  wide,  roy»l 
blue  ground,  and  Gh*eek  ornaments  in  chased  and  bur- 
nished gold. 

Warwick  vase,  24  inches  high,  and  28  inches  wide,  royal 
blue  ground,  in  chased  and  burnished  gold. 

Pelican  pedestal,  52  inches  high,  decorated  in  blue, 
buff,  and  gold. 

Pair  of  ice-pails,  with  wreath  of  the  vine,  enamelled; 
a  pair,  turquoise  ground,  gold  paneLi  of  flowers  and 
fruit;  and  a  pair  cyclamon  ground,  chased,  gold  design, 
ornamented  with  jewels  and  vignettes. 

Pair  of  vases,  with  wreaths  of  orchidaoeoos  plnite. 

Variety  of  other  vases,  jardinieres,  flower-stands,  Ac. 

Circular  plateau  for  table  (fine  porcelain),  torquoiae 
grounds,  gold  ornaments,  chased  and  bunushed,  with 
vignettes  of  flowers,  Watteau  subjects,  &c. 

Porcelain  table,  cyclamon  ^und  (new  tint),  with 
chased  gold  panels,  Watteau  vignettes  and  wreatha,  and 
groups  of  flowers.  Another,  with  borders  in  chased  and 
burnished  gold,  on  blue  ground,  and  festoons  of  con- 
volvulus. 

Circular  plateaus  for  table  tops,  including  design,  after 
Raphael,  on  gold  ground.  Bibbon  wreath,  ornamented 
with  jewels  and  garland  of  jasmine.  Blue  panels,  chased 
gold  ornaments,  groups,  and  wreaths  of  flowers  and 
vignette  landscapes.  Chased  and  burnished  gold  borders, 
and  a  floral  wreath  of  the  natural  size.  A  cyclamon 
ground,  scroll  border  in  chased  gold  with  a  landscape  in 
the  centre. 

Various  panels  of  fine  porcelain,  enamelled  and  gili, 
for  urn  and  flower-stands. 

Panels  with  cyclamon  ground,  with  a  Watteau  vignette 
and  gold  panels  chased  and  burnished.  Panels  with 
turquoise  ground  and  design  in  similar  st^le. 

Several  panels  of  various  designs,  mtended  to  be 
mounted  in  furniture,  &c.  Semi-porcelain  slabs  for  the 
top  and  the  door  panels  of  a  dressing-table,  with  rustic 
trellis  and  wreath  of  ipomeas. 

Pair  of  slabs,  in  the  Pompeian  style;  the  figures  in  the 
centre  panel  are  on  blue  ground ;  the  borders  are  ena- 
melled and  gilt.  Another  pair  of  similar  design,  with 
blue,  white,  and  chocolate  grounds. 

Slab  44  inches  by  24  inches  for  a  console  or  dressing- 
table  ;  it  has  Greek  borders  in  blue  and  white  ;  the  group 
of  figures  is  from  Flaxman  :  it  is  furnished  with  outlines 
and  gold  enrichments.  Another  Pompeian  design,  black 
and  fawn. 

Pair  of  slabs,  with  rustic  panels  and  trails  of  sweet  pea, 
&c.  Another  pair,  in  chased  and  burnished  gold  on  blue 
and  chocolate  grounds. 

Specimens  of  slabs  for  shutter  and  Dado  panels,  exe- 
cuted for  Her  Grace  the  Duchess  of  Sutherland. 

Specimens  of  slabs  with  pink  ground,  gold  fleur-de-lis, 
and  silver  diapering — with  blue  ground,  similarly  orna- 
mented— with  cyclamon  ground,  the  design  being  in 
chased  and  burnished  gold.  Slab  with  renaissance  de- 
sign, embossed  in  chased  and  burnished  gold  on  blue 
ground.  An  embossed  scroll,  chased  and  burnished  gold, 
on  white  and  on  cyclamon  grounds.  Fleur-de-lis  in 
silver,  on  blue  ground  with  gilt  borders  ;  and  fleur-de-lis 
in  raised  gold  on  cyclamon  ground.  A  slab  50  inches  by 
28  inches,  enamelled  and  gilt. 

A  variety  of  coving-slaba  for  fire-places  : — A  jewel  de- 
sign, coloured  in  enamels  and  gold  on  a  blue  ground. 
A  cyclamon  ground  of  similar  style.  Lavender  and  green 
styles,  with  buff  ground  and  chased  gold  panels.  Ba- 
phaelesque  design,  with  a  foliated  scroll  on  the  top  and 
bottom  panels,  enamelled  in  tints,  with  a  group  of  figures 
in  the  centre  panel,  on  a  black  ground  with  gold  enrich- 
ments. Mosaic  design,  enamelled  and  gilt.  Mosaic  de- 
sign on  gold  grounds,  the  figiu'es  on  blue,  and  the  border 
enriched  in  chafed  and  burnished  gold.  Pompeian  style 
with  white  borders,  and  coloured  figures  on  red  ground. 
Alhambresque,  enamelled  design.  Etruscan  style  in 
black  and  fieiwn,  and  blue  and  white.  Grecian  style  in 
white  and  gold.  Gold  line  panel,  with  ornamented 
comers  in  burnished  gold.  An  indented  Moresque  de- 
sign, emblazoned  in  colours  and  gold.  Indented  Moresque 
designs,  variously  enamelled  and  gilt.    Wreaths  of  flowers 


Jlixodom.] 


Class  26.— CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE,  &c. 

NoBTH  Transept  GaiJiEry. 


713 


on  wbite.  Studies  of  orchidB.  A  rustic  panel,  with  trail 
«3f  ipomeas.  A  pink  and  buff  style,  with  chased  gold 
^nnel  and  group  of  flowers.  Severed  other  slabs  and 
-paziels  of  Tarious  designs,  &c. 

Specimens  of  fine  porcelain.  Dessert  plates  with  scroll 
borders  in  chased  and  burnished  gold  on  a  blue  ground  : 
in  the  inner  and  outer  borders  the  royal  initials  and 
coronet  are  introduced;  and  the  royal  arms  in  the  centre. 
A  jewel  design  on  cyclamon  ground  (double  tint),  em- 
bliMEoned  in  enamels  and  gold,  with  the  arms  of  His 
Oraoe  the  Duke  of  Sutherlfluad.  A  crims6n  ground,  con- 
taining the  arms  of  His  Ghrace  the  Duke  of  Wellington. 
CNfclamon  ground,  with  the  arms  of  His  Grace  the  Duke 
of  Deronsblre. 

Dessert  plates  with  borders  in  raised  and  burnished 
gold  on  blue  ground,  with  wreaths  of  roses,  &o. ;  also 
a  pierced  centre-piece  and  comports  in  similar  style. 

Specimens  of  dessert  plates,  with  im  Alhambresque 
boraer  in  raised  and  chased  gold  on  various  coloured 
grounds,  with  Spanish  views  in  the  centre.  Chased  and 
bomished  gold  panels  and  rosette,  with  vignettes  of 
humming-birds  ;  and  royal  blue  and  turquoise  grounds. 

Specimens  of  plates  ornamented  with  various  wreaths 
of  flowem.  The  border  of  jewels  in  coloured  enamels, 
and  gilt  on  green,  rose,  and  royal  blue  grounds.  Chased 
gold  panels,  with  groups  of  fruit  and  wreaths  of  flowers; 
the  grounds  being  royal  blue,  green,  rose,  and  blue. 
A  perforated  border,  with  raised  gold  panels  on  cycla- 
mon, and  other  grounds  ;  there  are  wreaths  of  flowers 
and  musical  emblems  in  the  centre. 

Dessert  plates,  the  ground  of  a  green  colour  ;  central 
panels  of  birds,  fruit,  and  flowers.  Chased  gold  panels, 
with  groups  of  flowers,  birds,  and  a  cyclamon  ground. 

Specimens  of  Gothic  pierced  plates,  with  a  chased 
goUl  border,  and  a  wreatn  of  blossoms  and  fruit  in  the 
centre. 

Dessert  plates  containing  studies  of  various  fruits  in 
the  centre;  the  border  conusts  of  the  foliage  and  blossom 
pertaining  to  each  fruit.  A  blue  ribbon  wreath  enriched 
with  jewels  enamelled  in  colours  and  gold,  and  a  wreath 
of  white  jasmine.  A  cyclamon  and  yellow  jasmine.  A 
turquoise  and  rose  wreath.  A  ribbon  design,  on  a  raised 
j^lii  diapere<l  ground,  with  a  wreath  of  flowers,  &c.  An 
emboMcd  design,  variouwly  enamelled  and  gilt.  A  royal 
blue  panel,  with  chaHcd  gold  ornament,  and  groups  of 
fruit  and  flowers.  Example  of  the  renaiiwance  style,  on 
blue  and  French  white  grounds,  gilt  and  chased  ^dth 
flower  groups  and  wreaths  on  chocolate  ground,  with  the 
royal  initials  in  the  centre.  A  cyclamon  and  crimson 
ground,  with  flowers  in  gold,  and  the  initials  of  His  Grace 
the  Duke  of  Sutherland  in  the  centre. 

Several  dessert  samples  of  various  designs  enamelled, 
{tainted,  and  gilt. 

[Enamel  colours  are  metallic  oxides  incorporated  with 
a  fusible  flux:  gold  precipitated  by  tin  fumiahes  the 
crimson,  rose,  and  purj^le;  oxides  of  iron  and  chrome 
produce  reds;  the  same  oxides  yield  black  and  bro^ii, 
also  obtained  from  manganese  and  cobalt;  orange  is 
fn>m  oxides  of  unuiium,  chrome,  antimony,  and  iron; 
greens  from  oxides  of  chrome  and  copper;  blue  from 
oxides  of  cobalt  and  zinc.  The  fluxes  are  boi-ax.  Hint, 
oxide  of  lead,  &c.  Tliev  are  worked  in  essential  oils  and 
tuTfteutine;  and  a  verj'  great  di^ul vantage  under  which 
the  artist  lalnjurs  is,  that  the  tints  upon  the  palette  are 
in  most  cases  different  to  those  they  at^Hume  when  they 
have  undergone  the  necessary  heat,  which  not  only  brings 
'^ut  the  true  colour,  but  also,  by  partially  softening  the 
;;laze  and  the  flux,  causes  the  colour  to  become  fixed  to 
the  ware.  Tliis  disadv-antage  will  be  immediately  appa- 
rent in  the  case  where  a  {>eculiar  delicacy  of  tint  is 
re((uired,  as  in  flesh  t«)nes,  for  instance.  But  the  diffi- 
culty does  not  end  here,  for,  a^  a  definite  heat  can  alone 
give  to  a  colour  a  perfi?ct  hue,  luid,  as  the  colour  ia 
cmtinually  varj'ing  ^ith  the  different  stages  of  gni- 
dusted  heat,   another  risk   is   incurred — that  resulting 


from  the  liability  of  its  receiving  the  heat  in  a  greater  or 
less  degree,  termed  "over-fired"  and  "short-fired."  As 
an  instance  of  its  consequence  we  will  cite  rose  colour  or 
crimson,  which,  when  used  by  the  painter,  is  a  dirty 
violet  or  drab;  during  the  process  of  firing  it  gradually 
varies  with  the  increase  of  heat,  from  a  brown  to  a  dull 
reddish  hue,  and  from  that  progressively  to  its  proper 
tint.  But  if  by  want  of  judgment  or  inattention  in  the 
fireman,  the  heat  is  allowed  to  exceed  that  point,  the 
beauty  and  brilliancy  of  the  colour  are  destroyed  beyond 
remedy,  and  it  becomes  a  dull  purple.  On  the  other 
hand,  should  the  fire  be  too  slack,  the  colour  is  pre- 
sented in  one  of  its  intermediate  stages,  as  already  de- 
scribed; but  in  this  case  extra  heat  will  restore  it.  Nor 
must  we  forget  to  allude  to  the  casualties  of  cracking  and 
breaking  in  the  Idlns  by  the  heat  being  increased  or  with- 
drawn too  suddenly,  a  risk  to  which  the  larger  articles 
are  peculiarly  liable.  These  vicissitudes  render  enamel 
painting  in  its  higher  branches  a  most  unsatuBfactory  and 
disheartening  study,  and  enhance  the  value  of  those  pro- 
ductions which  are  really  successful  and  meritorious. — 
T.B.] 

Examples  of  fine  porcelain  : — ^A  variety  of  cups  and 
saucers  of  different  forms  and  designs,  enamelled  and 
gilt.  Examples  of  cabinet  cup-stands,  in  various  styles 
of  decoration.     Specimens  of  printing  in  gold. 

Examples  of  door  furniture,  finger-plates,  knobs,  &c. 

Soup-tmreen,  with  a  border  in  the  Greek  ^le  on 
blue  and  chocolate  grounds,  chased  and  burnished  gold, 
&c.  A  sauce- tureen;  a  covered  dish  and  plates.  Soup- 
tureen,  with  a  honeysuckle  border  in  chased  and  bur- 
nished gold  on  blue.  A  sauce-tureen  ;  a  covered  dish 
and  plates.  Various  specimens  of  table-ware  in  different 
styles  of  ornament.  A  collection  of  ewers  and  bowls  in 
fine  porcelain,  of  various  enamelled  and  gilt  designs,  for 
toilet  services. 

Ewer  and  bowl,  ornamented  with  wreaths  of  fuschias. 
Executed  for  Her  Grace  the  Duchess  of  Sutherland. 

Specimens  of  "Bat  printing"  on  the  glaze,  and  of 
tinting. 

[There  are  two  distinct  methods  of  printing  in  use 
for  china  and  earthenware,  one  is  transferred  on  the 
"bisque,"  and  is  the  method  by  which  the  ordinary 
printed  ware  is  produced,  and  the  other  is  transferred  on 
the  glaze.  The  first  is  called  "press  printing,"  and  the 
latter  "  bat  printing."  The  engraving  is  executed  upon 
copperplates,  and  for  "press"  printing,  is  cut  very  deep,  to 
enable  it  to  hold  a  sufficiency  of  coloiu*  to  give  a  firm  and 
full  transfer  on  the  ^•are.  The  printer's  shop  is  furnished 
with  a  brisk  stove,  having  an  iron  plate  upon  the  top, 
immediately  over  the  fire,  for  the  convenience  of  wanning 
the  colour  while  being  worke<l,  also  a  roller,  prt«s,  and 
t\ibs.  Tlio  printer  has  two  female  assistantis  adled 
"transferrers,"  and  also  a  girl,  culled  a  "cutter."  Tlie 
co])iK^r  plate  is  charged  with  colour,  mixed  with  thick 
boiled  oil,  by  means  of  a  knife  and  "dabl>er,"  while  held 
on  the  hot  stove  plate,  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  the 
colour  fluid;  and  the  engraved  portion  l>eing  filled,  the 
superfluous  colour  is  scraped  off*  the  surface  of  the  copper 
with  the  knife,  which  is  further  cleaned  by  being  rublKwl 
with  a  "  boss,"  ma«Ie  of  leather.  A  thick  firm  oil  is 
required  to  keep  the  different  parts  of  the  design  from 
flowing  into  a  mass,  or  becoming  confuse<l,  while  under 
the  pressure  of  the  rubber  in  the  process  of  tnuisferring. 
A  sheet  of  pjvi>er,  of  the  necessary  size  and  of  a  jKJCuliarly 
thin  texture,  calletl  "  pottery  tissue,"  after  l>eing  saturated 
with  a  thin  solution  of  soap  and  water,  is  placed  upon  the 
copper  plate,  and  being  put  under  the  action  of  the  press, 
the  paper  is  carefully  dra^Ti  off  again  (the  engraving  being 


714 


Class  25.--CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENW^ARE,  &c. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


placed  on  the  stove),  bringing  with  it  the  colour  by  which 
the  plate  was  charged,  constituting  the  pattern.  This 
imprrasion  is  given  to  the  **  cutter,"  who  cuts  away  the 
superfluous  paper  about  it;  and  if  the  pattern  consists  of 
a  border  and  centre,  the  border  is  separated  from  the 
centre  as  being  more  convenient  to  fit  to  the  ware  when 
divided.  It  is  then  laid  by  a  transferrer  upon  the  ware, 
and  rubbed  first  with  a  small  piece  of  soaped  flannel  to 
fix  it,  and  afterwards  with  a  rubber  formed  of  rolled 
flannel.  This  rubber  is  applied  to  the  impression  very 
forcibly,  the  friction  causing  the  colour  to  adhere  firmly 
to  the  bisque  sur&ce,  by  which  it  is  partially  imbibed; 
it  is  then  immersed  in  a  tub  of  water,  and  the  paper 
washed  entirely  away  with  a  sponge;  the  colour,  from  its 
adhesion  to  the  ware,  and  being  mixed  with  oil,  remain- 
ing unaffected.  It  is  now  necessary,  prior  to  "glazing," 
to  get  rid  of  this  oil,  which  is  done  by  submitting  the 
ware  to  heat  in  what  are  called  "  hardening "  kilns, 
sufficient  to  destroy  it  and  leave  the  colour  pure.  This  is 
a  necessary  process,  as  the  glaze  being  mixed  with  water, 
would  be  rejected  by  the  print,  while  the  oil  remained  in 
the  colour. 

The  *'  bat  printing  "  is  done  upon  the  glaze,  and  the 
engravings  are  for  this  style  exceedingly  fine,  and  no  greater 
depth  is  required  than  for  ordinary  book  engravings. 
The  impression  is  not  submitted  to  the  heat  necessary  for 
that  in  the  bisque,  and  the  medium  of  conveying  it  to  the 
ware  is  also  much  purer.  The  copper  plate  is  first  charged 
with  linseed  oil,  and  cleaned  ofif  by  hand,  so  that  the 
engraved  portion  alone  retains  it.  A  preparation  of  glue 
being  run  upon  flat  dishes,  about  a  quarter  of  an  inch 
thick,  IB  cut  to  the  size  required  for  the  subject,  and  then 
pressed  upon  it,  and  being  immediately  removed,  draws 
on  its  surface  the  oil  with  which  the  engraving  was  filled. 
The  glue  is  then  pressed  upon  the  ware,  with  the  oiled 
part  next  the  glaze,  and  being  again  removed,  the  design 
remains,  though,  being  in  a  pure  oil,  scarcely  perceptible. 
Colour  finely  ground  is  then  dusted  upon  it  with  cotton 
wool,  and  a  sufficiency  adhering  to  the  oil  leaves  the 
impression  perfect,  and  ready  to  be  fired  in  the  enamel 
kilns.— T.  B.] 

Ornaments  for  the  dessert  table  : — ^A  group  of  Graces, 
in  chased  and  biunished  gold,  supporting  a  basket.  A 
group  of  Cupids.  Four  Cupids  representing  the  Seasons : 
the  ornaments  in  turquoise  and  gold.  Pierced  baskets, 
and  dolphin  stands,  for  holding  fruit,  bon-bons,  &c. 

Various  specimens  of  enamelled  and  gilt  porcelain  tra3rs 
for  dessert  and  for  decanter  tables.  Specimens  of 
decanter  stands.     Some  varieties  of  decorated  tazza. 

Two  wedding  plateaux  for  supporting  a  bride  cake: 
containing  appropriate  mottoes,  and  entwined  wreaths  of 
orange  blossom  and  passiflora.  Another  plateau  with  an 
enamelled  and  gilt  wreath  of  orange  and  passiflora  of  the 
natural  size. 

Specimens  of  earthenware : — Common  printed  ware  for 
table  and  toilet  services.  Specimens  oi  white  earthen- 
ware.    An  enamelled  bath,  of  Etruscan  design. 

Examples  of  the  "  Atmopyre,"  or  gas  stove,  enamelled 
and  in  the  Pompeian  style. 

Specimens  of  fine  crystal  glass,  c\it  and  engraved, 
intended  for  dessert-services,  table-glass  and  lustres. 


3      Mason,  Charles,   LongUm,  Staffordshire — Designer, 
Manufacturer,  and  Patentee. 

Specimens  of  patent  ironstone  china. 

Gkirden  seats  of  a  mixed  Anglo-Indian  and  Japanese 
pattern,  representing  an  old  dragon,  in  raised  enamel  on  a 
gold  ground. 

Garden  seats  of  an  Anglo-Chinese  pattern,  on  a 
sea-green  groimd,  with  raised  solid  flowers,  and  gilt 
pannels. 


Fish-pond  bowls,  of  Anglo-Chinese  pattern;  Gog  and 
Magog,  an  Anglo-Indian  pattern:  the  Water  Lily,  an 
Anglo-Japanese  pattern. 

Jars  with  raised  enamel  Mandarin  figures,  and  se^ 
dragon  handles.  Lai^  jars  and  coven  of  Anglo-Indian 
pattern.  There  are  also  some  open  jars.  Jars  covered; 
dragon  handles  of  Anglo-Indian  and  Ang^o-Japanass 
patterns,  with  raised  solid  flowers,  &c. 

Specimens  of  plates  in  the  oriental  style  of  pattem, 
on  registered  shapes,  and  Anglo-Japanese.  Three  jars 
and  covers,  witii  Anglo-Indian  grounds.  A  plate,  a  dish^ 
a  tureen,  a  covered  dish,  a  tall  ooflfoe-cup  and  saucer, 
and  a  sugar-basin,  made  of  the  white  P^fsnt  tronstone 
china,  as  iised  in  the  hotels  of  the  United  States  of 
America. 

Jugs  of  old  Indian,  Japanese,  and  gold  psttflms,  of  the 
origioal  shape;  also  Anglo-Indian  and  melon  pattern; 
with  oriental  figures  and  gold  ornaments.  Ewer  and 
basin,  and  mouth  ewer  and  basin,  with  oriental  figores, 
and  a  rose  border. 

Jars: — the  old  India  crackle,  with  India  red  gronnds. 
A  breakfast  cup  and  saucer. 

A  monumental  tablet,  made  of  ironstone,  and  lettered 
under  the  glaze. 

Jugs,  showing  various  patterns  in  Bandanna  wars. 
Toilet  ewers  and  basins.  Antique  jugs  of  Japanese  pat- 
tern, and  gold  ornaments.  Red  and  gold  paint  jars. 
Zig-zag  beidLers,  on  bronze.  Table-ware  of  a  Japanese 
pattern  in  blue,  red,  and  gold. 


4     Kennedy,  William  Sadler,  Bwslem,  StaffordsMre — 

ManufiActurer. 

Articles  in  china  and  earthenware: — Mortioe-lock  fur- 
niture for  doors  of  drawing-rooms,  &c.,  with  decoration, 
in  burnished  gold,  flowers,  &c.;  finger-plates;  bell  furni- 
ture, shutter-knobs,  &c.,  in  same  style;  hall-door  knobs; 
drawer-knobs,  and  knobs  for  all  descriptions  of  cabinet- 
work; and  figures  for  numbering  houses. 


5    RmowAT,  John,  &  Co.,  CafUdon  Place,  8taff6rd$kir$ 
Potteries — Manufacturers. 

Elnglish  porcelain  table  service — border,  coral  and  gold; 
centre,  elaborate  coat  of  arms  of  the  united  ^*"*<l«^  of 
Ricardo  and  Duff;  also,  part  without  the  arms. 

Table-service,  British  wild  flowers,  Dresden  style; 
border,  embossed  and  gold.  This  table-service  is  repf«- 
sented  in  the  cut  on  the  opposite  page. 

Table  service,  same  as  last,  wiUi  Grosvenor  round 
covered  pieces,  marone  and  buff  ground,  gold,  and  star 
centre. 

Table-plates  of  various  patterns,  gilt,  chased,  and  orna- 
mented. 

Tea  and  coffee  service,  azure  and  gold,  with  gold 
star.  This  service  is  shown  in  the  cut  on  the  opposite 
page. 

Tea  and  breakfast  service,  in  various  styles.  A  varie^ 
of  fancy  articles  in  porcelain. 

Improved  fine  vitreous  earthenware,  consisting  of  spe- 
cimens of  the  various  articles  in  table  and  dessert  suites; 
also,  toilet  and  tea  ware,  coloured  and  printed. 

A  group  of  articles  of  dessert  service  is  shown  in  the 
cut  in  the  opposite  page. 

Specimens  of  earthenware  for  the  United  States' 
marxet. 

Lawn  fountain,  white  and  gold,  playing.  Conservatory 
fountains,  for  playing.  This  foimtain  is  represented  in 
the  cut  on  p.  717. 

Specimens  of  staircase,  with  handrail,  balustnkde,  and 
steps. 

Sanitary  vessels,  &o.,  consisting  of  fountain  basins, 
closets,  &c.  These  vessels  are  represented  in  the  cuts  on 
p.  717. 

The  four  preceding  articles  are  an  entirely  new  applica- 
tion of  pottery. 

Superior  specimens  of  hollow  bricks  and  quarriss. 


I 


Cubs  25.— china,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE,  Sea. 
NoHTH  Tbakbept  Gallery. 


5*        BlMWAl,  WlLLUM,  Sltllw—Waimfv^UiTeT 

Vmm,  bottle*,  ftodjaro  each  unuuueiitccl  nith  n  ilif 
fermt  lurikis,  by  meuii  of  mixed  glip«  or  elnp  cIbi  k  the 
effect  being  obtBioed  upon  tliu  clay  j  tctioub  U  ita  being 
iiiuuldsd  into  tbe  orticlo  required,  by  im  entirely  new 

ti  Wbdowood,  Jociah,  &  -Sons.  i:ir.iri,i,  near 

tinccojitit'uruL^r'L'/Hi- — Mjuinfactururs. 
C*rTU«(itMuu7iK>rc«laiu). — Fii^irvi  from  the  auUque 
— V«Dua  tad  Cujud,  27  inchw  hi|{l>;  Cu)>i<l,  24  inchea 


Rid,{irt;  if  Co  •  P«tn;  SlniUr;  Vsiwli 

high;  infant  Ht 


20  inches  by  IT;  Blorpbeu*,  '2t 
iiitiinK  ii>ii^i  >  i^iiuK,  19  inchus  hish;  Mercury,  17  inchm 
hi^'h;  FrLiin  with  flute,  IT  incbei  high. 

FigureB— The  Prcncher  on  the  Mount ;  crouching  Venue; 
NyTii|>h  ftt  the  fountain;  Cupid  uid  Peychc,  group;  Cupid 

Triton  cnndlenticks,  right  uid  left  (Flmmaii). 

BuHti  of    Wnnhington;    SLakspeare  on   pedestal;  and 

Spill  caim,  "  Boufim,"  and  tet  of  thr«e  "  Huaea." 
Black   TUB,  e   inchea   (with  tbe   pedeatal   9  ioehea) 


718 


Class  25.— CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EABTHENWARE,  &c. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


r  United 


"Apotheosis  of  a  Poet."  Two  vasos,  16  inches  each, 
"Water  and  wine."  Various  other  vases,  plain,  of 
different  sizes.     Lamp  and  candlestick. 

Copy  of  Portland,  or  Barberini  vase,  10  inches  high, 
dark  blue,  as  the  original  in  the  British  Museum. 

Another  in  black,  with  white  jasper  bas-reliefs.  Blue 
jasper,  with  white  bas-reliefs  from  the  antique: — ^Vase, 
25  inches  high,  with  pedestal  10  inches  high,  "Sacrifice 
to  Cupid." 

Vase,  27|  inches  high,  "  Apotheosis  of  a  Poet." 

Vase,  with  pedestal,  19i  inches,  "Ulysses  discovers 
Achilles."    Another  to  match,  "  Infancy  of  Achilles." 

Vases  and  pedestals,  21  inches,  "Muses."  Vases,  12 
inches,  "Hunting  and  Hawking,"  and  "The  Arts  and 
Sciences." 

Various  other  vases  of  different  sizes,  plain  and  or* 
namented,  including  "Hercules  at  the  garden  of  the  Hes- 
perides."  "  Muses."  Bacchanalian  subjects,  rivers,  and 
arabesque  deigns. 

Flower  and  incense  vases  and  covers.  Alumette  club- 
shape  pint  jug;  temple  lucifer  box;  toy  watering  can; 
ring,  cigar,  and  pen  trays.  Ornamented  and  Venetian 
luc^er  boxes.  Violet  baskets;  round  covered,  tooth 
powder,  and  lip-salve  boxes. 

Snuff'-boxes.     Shaving  box,  with  zodiac  ornaments. 

Toy  garden-pots  and  stands.  Set  of  chess-men ;  thirty- 
four  pieces,  by  Flaxman. 

Jugs,  various,  Florence  shape  with  bas-relie£9. 

Octagon  and  oblong  smelling  bottles,  silver  mounted. 

Howard  and  Clarendon  tea-pots,  pint. 

Tea-pot,  with  aquatic  plants,  pint.  Coffee-pot,  Amoy 
shape,  quart. 

Hllar-shaped  candlestick.  Piano  candlestick.  Taper 
candlestick. 

Jasper. — Cameos  of  various  colours,  with  white  bas-re- 
liefs from  the  antique. 

Black,  with  red  Etruscan  figures : — Vases,  various,  and 
with  inscriptions. 

Red  terra-cotta,  with  black  bas-reliefs,  from  the  an- 
tique : — Choice  vases,  varied  in  style,  size,  and  ornament. 
"Clarendon"  toy  tea  set;  comprising  tea-pot,  sugar, 
cream,  slop  bowl,  and  bread-and-butter  plate.  Tea-pot, 
pint,  with  Egyptian  ornaments. 

Red  porous  earthenware: — Wine  and  butter  coolers, 
various  designs.  Water  bottles  and  stands.  Jug,  with 
cover  and  stand,  quart.  Butter  cooler,  buff  porous 
earthenware. 

Chemical  earthen  and  stone  ware :  —Mortar  and  pestle, 
5  inches;  mortar,  1  inch.  Evaporating  pan,  acid  proof. 
White  pill  tile,  graduated.  Funnel,  fluted;  coarse  cru- 
cible and  cover.  Voltaic  stone-ware  trough,  with  red 
porous  earthenware  lining.  Porous  cylinder,  and  flat 
porous  cell  for  voltaic  apparatus.  Mercury  and  water 
CMiths.  Digester.  Conical  filterer ;  triangular  filter 
holder. 

Plumbers'  earthenware : — Closet  pans,  cream-coloured, 
and  flowing  blue  printed.  Square  wash-table,  cream- 
coloured.  Long  square  wash-table,  with  fittings  com- 
plete, marbled.  Wash-basin,  with  plug-hole  and  waste 
pipe,  marbled. 

Cream-coloured,  or  Queen's  ware,  with  enamelled 
borders  :  —  Etruscan-shaped  soup-tureen  and  stand. 
Round  covered  vegetable  dish.  Dinner  plates,  in  various 
designs. 

Cream-coloured  earthenware  (Queen's  ware); — Plates 
and  dishes.  High  oval  soup-tureen  and  stand,  (by  Flax- 
man).  Round  and  oval  soup-tureens.  Round  Etruscan 
soup-tureen  and  stand.  Round  covered  vegetable  dish. 
Herring  dish,  with  embossed  fishes.  Oval  twig  pattern 
fruit  basket  and  stand.  Oval  quatrefoil-pattem  fruit 
basket  and  stand.  Fruit  dishes,  various  shapes.  Quart 
jugs,  Dutch  and  Roman  shapes.  Bowls,  water-ewers, 
nursery-lamp.  Coffee-biggin,  with  stove  and  lamp  cup. 
Milk-boiler  and  cover.  Wine-funnel,  with  strainer. 
Egg-beater;  blanc-mange  moulds;  pudding-cups.  Egg- 
shaped  pudding-boiler.  Round  and  oval  milk  pans. 
Pierced  milk-skimmer.  White  stone  tea-pots,  arabesque 
and  wheatsheaf  patterns. 

Coloured  earthenware;— Tea-pot,  pint,  Rockingham- 


\ 


coloured,  tall  and  low.  Tea-cup  and  aauoer.  Bate  ahi^, 
drab  colour.  Breakfast  bowl  wad  saucer,  Frendi  ah^w* 
drab  colour.  Oval  game  pie,  cane  colour,  omam«ntfed. 
Cambridge  ale  jug,  pint,  red-coloured  earthenware.  Em- 
bossed leafieige  dessert  plates  and  diahea,  green  glaaed. 
Twig  ornamented  fruit  basket  and  stand.  Two-handled 
vase,  red  enamelled  Chinese  flowers.  Jug,  half-pint,  club 
shape,  black  enamelled  Chinese  flowen.  Small  plain  red 
garden  pots  and  stands. 

[We  shall  refer,  in  the  first  plaoe,  to  the  preparation  of 
the  two  principal  ingredients,  flint  and  natural  clay,  for  the 
use  of  the  potter,  and  afterwards  to  the  blending  of  them. 
The  flint  stones  are  first  calcined,  and  this  la  eflfoeted  in  a 
kiln  similar  to  that  used  for  lime-burning.  These  stones 
are  separated  by  alternate  layers  of  coal,  and  the  burning 
usually  occupies  about  twenty-four  hours.  The  flints  are 
then  very  white  and  very  brittle,  and  ready  to  be  emahed 
by  the  "stamper,"  a  machine  oompoaed  of  uprij^t  ahafts 
of  wood,  six  feet  long,  and  about  eight  inches  square, 
heavily  loaded  with  iron  at  the  lower  end,  which,  by 
means  of  applied  power,  are  made  to  rise  and  fSall  in 
succession  on  the  flints,  contained  in  a  strong  grated  box. 
It  is  then  removed  to  the  grinding  vata,  which  are  from 
twelve  to  fourteen  feet  in  diameter,  and  four  feet  deep, 
paved  with  chert  stone,  large  blocks  of  which,  bong  also 
worked  round  by  arms  connected  with  a  centnJ  Tertical 
shaft,  propelled  by  an  engine,  become  a  powerftil  griodinK 
medium.  This  peculiar  stone  is  used  because  of  its 
chemioal  affinity  to  the  fluid,  which,  therefore,  suffers  no 
deterioration  from  the  mixture  of  the  abraded  partidei^ 
which  necessarily  result  from  the  friction,  a  matter  of 
serious  moment.  In  these  vats  the  fluid  is  ground  in 
water  until  it  attains  the  consistency  of  thick  craam, 
when  it  is  drawn  off  and  conveyed  by  trou^^  into  the 
washing  chamber.  Here  it  imdergoes  a  further  porifi- 
cation;  more  water  is  added,  and  it  is  kept  in  a  state  of 
gentle  agitation,  by  means  of  revolving  arms  of  wood,  thus 
keeping  the  finer  particles  in  suspension  whUe  the  liquid 
is  again  drawn  away  in  pipes  to  a  tank  below.  The 
sediment  is  afterwards  re-ground.  The  cleansing  process 
is  not  yet  complete,  for  when  the  fluid  has  passed  into 
these  tanks,  to  about  half  their  depth,  they  are  filled  up 
with  water,  which  is  repeatedly  changed,  until  it  is 
considered  sufficiently  fine,  and  free  from  all  Ibrsign 
matters:  it  is  then  fit  for  use.  The  day  raquiies  no 
grinding.  It  is  received  from  the  merchants  preparsdy  and 
has  merely  to  be  mixed  with  water  till  it  attains  the  asms 
degree  of  fiuidity  as  the  flints.  The  next  stage  is  the 
<'  mixing,"  for  which  purpose  the  diffi»ent  "  slips  "  (ths 
technical  term  for  the  fluid  days,  &c.)  are  sncoeMiTdy 
run  off  into  the  blending  reservoir,  against  the  inner  side 
of  which  are  "gauging  rods,"  by  which  the  neoesmiy 
proportion  of  each  material  is  regtdated.  The  mixture  is 
now  passed  into  other  reservoirs,  throu^  fine  sieves  on 
"  lawns,"  woven  of  silk,  and  containing  300  threads  to  the 
square  inch.  A  pint  of  slip  of  Dorsetshire  or  DeTonshirs 
clay  weighs  24  ounces,  of  proper  consistence  ;  of  Comiih 
clay,  26  ounces;  and  of  flint  32  ounces.  Finally,  the  slip 
is  (conveyed  to  a  series  of  large  open  kilns,  heated  under- 
neath by  means  of  flues,  and  about  9  inches  deep.  The 
exccAsive  moisture  is  thus  evaporated,  and  in  about  S4 
hours  the  mixture  becomes  tolerably  firm  in  substanoe. 
It  is  then  cut  into  large  blocks  and  conveyed  to  an 
adjoining  building  to  undei^o  the  process  of  "  milling.** 
The  mill  is  in  the  form  of  a  hollow  cone,  inverted,  with  a 
square  aperture  or  tube  at  the  lower  part.  In  the  centre 
is  a  vertical  shaft,  set  with  broad  knives.  When  tins 
shaft  is  in  action  (worked  by  steam  power),  the  soft  daj 
is  thrown  in,  and  forced  downwards,  being  alternately  coX 


KlXUDOX.] 


Class  25.— CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EABTHENWARE,  &c. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


719 


and  prened  until  it  exudes  from  the  aperture  at  the 
bottom,  in  a  perfectly  pUstic  state,  and  ready  for  the 
hand  of  the  potter.— T.  B.] 


I. 
2, 

3*. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 

20. 
21. 
22. 
2.3. 
24. 
25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 

39. 
40. 
41. 
42. 
43. 
44. 
45. 
46. 


Aloock,  Samuel,  &  Co.,  Bwnkm,  Staffordshire- 

Manufacturers. 

Designed  by  Alfred  Crowquill : — 


The  NelM>n  cup. 
The  Peace  Congress. 
Fairy  cup.  Mischief. 
Fairy  cup.  Curiosity. 
Nautilus  cup,  male. 
Nautilus  cup,  female. 
The  Plate  of  all  Nations. 
Desert  centre-piece. 
Sogar-bowl. 
Water-bottle. 


11.  Dessert  plate. 

12.  Snail  ring-holder. 

13.  Butterfly  pen-holder. 

14.  Shell  pen-holder. 

15.  Cod-fish  ash-tray. 

16.  Lily  cup  and  saucer. 

17.  Spill-holder. 

18.  Spill-holder. 

19.  Centre  for  flowers. 


Designed  by  S.  W.  Arnold : — 


Madonna  jug. 
Madonna  vase. 
Cujiid  and  I^yche  jug, 
Tnton  jug. 
Hawthorn  vase. 
Fanny  Ellsler. 
Naples  ewer. 
Burgundy  vase. 
Nloarodcup. 


30.  Bacchanalian  vase. 

31.  Bacchanalian  vase. 

32.  Exeter  vase. 

33.  Apeley  vase. 

34.  Grenville  vase. 

35.  Beneficence. 

36.  Blind  beggar,  male. 

37.  Blind  beggar,  female. 

38.  Greyhoimds,  chained. 


Nero  cup. 

Designed  by  San  Giovanni: — 


Chamois  hunt. 
Brigand  on  watch. 
Brigand  chief. 
Brigand  with  deer. 
Twig  basket. 
Improvisatori. 
Series  of  porcelain  jugs. 
Series  of  porcelain  des- 
serts. 


47.  Series  of  porcelain  tea 

ware. 

48.  Series  of  porcelain  table 

ware. 
40.  Series  of  white  granite 

table  ware. 
50.  Series  of  printed  ware. 


8   Cldiehtbon,  Joseph,  Sheltm,  Staffordshire  Potteries— 

Mfmufactiirer. 

Plates,  flowered  mulberry.  Flowered  damascene,  of 
various  patterns,  black,  brown,  green,  and  blue.  Flowered 
blue,  Leipsic  and  Chusan. 

Two  plates,  enamelled  under  glaze,  Pariflian  flower- 
grr>iipfi  and  Japan  beauty. 

Flowered  damascene,  classical  antiquities.  Flowered 
muU)erry  oorea.  Flowered  blue  Jjeipeic.  Flowered  da- 
mascene, Tillenberg.  Blue,  claBftical  antiquities.  Pink 
SUm.     Blue  Teesino.     Black  Siam. 

8oup  and  sauce  tureens  complete,  flowered  damascene, 
c]asi*iaU  antiquities. 

Tea-pots,  sugar-basins,  and  cream -pots,  flowered  blue 
Chusan,  damiuBcene,  Illenberg,  brown,  classical  an- 
tiauities. 

London-handled  tea-cups  and  Raucers,  blue  an<l  brown 
printed,  various  patterns. 

CHips  and  sauccnt.  handlo<l  and  unhandled.  blue  Siam; 
blue,  classical  antiquities,  enamolle<l  under  glaze,  Parinian 
flower-groups;  flowered  mulberry,  various  jMittemfl;  pink 
classical  antiquities;  flowered  damascene,  claKMiciil  anti- 
quities; green  printed,  various  patterns. 

Two  bowls,  flowered  mulberry  corea. 

[Plates,  dishes,  saucers,  &c.,  termed  **  flat  ware,"  ai-e 
nuule  from  moulds  which  form  the  inside  of  the  article, 
the  exterior  being  given  by  "profiles"  of  the  required 
outline,  made  of  fir^  clay,  glazed.  The  clay  is  "battecl" 
(»ut  to  the  necessary  thickness  and  size,  and  laid  upon  the 
mf>uld,  which,  is  placed  upon  a  plaster  block,  having  an 
irrm  axle,  and  working  on  a  pivot,  the  rotatory  motion 
of  which  is  effecte<1  either  by  machinery  or  by  the  work- 
man's hand.  The  clay  is  preswd  to  the  mould  by  the 
application  of  wet  sponges,  and  the  "profile"  being  pretwxl 
gives  the  desired  contour.     In  this  BUxio  the  mould  iH 


carried  to  a  hot-air  chamber,  immediately  behind  the 
workman  (of  a  very  high  temperature),  fitted  round  with 
shelves,  where  it  remains  till  tolerably  dry,  when  the 
profile  is  again  passed  over  it,  and  shrinking,  consequent 
upon  evaporation,  having  taken  place,  it  is  then  easily 
removed. 

Soup  tureens,  sauce  tureens,  jugs,  teapots,  &c.,  and 
termed  "hollow  ware,"  are  made  from  outside  moulds, 
formed  in  two  or  more  parts,  according  to  the  facilities 
which  the  shape  affords  for  "drawing."  The  clay  is 
prepared  and  batted  out  as  in  the  "  flat  pressing,"  and 
each  part  of  the  mould  being  separately  lined  with  the 
clay,  the  whole  are  fitted  together,  and  a  strong  strap 
passed  round  to  secure  them  compactly  in  their  places; 
the  surface  is  then  worked  completely  over  from  the 
inside  (the  mould  giving  the  external  surfiioe),  with  a 
sponge,  particular  attention  being  paid  to  connect  firmly 
that  part  of  the  article  where  the  mould  is  divided. 
When  sufficiently  dry  the  mould  is  removed,  and  the 
"  seams "  well  rubbed  down,  the  surface  also  being 
smoothed  with  a  sponge. — T.  B.] 

9    Mater,  Thomas  John  &  Joseph,  Dale  Hall  Pottery, 
Longport,  Burslem,  Staffordshire — Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  earthenware.  Table  ware  in  various  pat- 
terns, and  printed  in  a  variety  of  colours.  Various  spe- 
cimens of  enamelled  and  gilt  toilette  and  dessert  ware. 
Various  designs  for  meat  pots,  printed  in  colours,  under 
the  glaze. 

Tall-candlesticks,  bed,  and  piano-candlesticks,  ena- 
melled and  gilt.     Garden  and  rustic  seats. 

Various  pons,  enamelled,  gilt,  and  marble  printed. 
Enamelled  and  gilt  plug  basins.  A  marble  painted  but* 
ler^s  sink.  Wash-tubs  for  public  and  private  wash-houses, 
marble  painted. 

Enamelled  and  gilt  finger  plates  and  door  furniture. 
Drawer  or  commode  knobs,  of  various  colours.  A  3-bell 
lever,  in  jet  and  gold.     Bell-pulls,  enamelled  and  gilt. 

Beer  machine,  and  fire-iron  handles,  enamelled  and  gilt. 

Bell  liandles,  in  various  colours.  Enamelled  and  gilt 
cases  for  lamp  pillars.  Gennan  tactic,  and  solitaire 
boardn,  and  lucifer  match  pots. 

Advertising  tiles,  of  various  designs,  print<J<l  in  colours. 

Oval  and  sqiuu%  paint  palettes,  made  of  white  opaquo 
porcelain.  Indian  ink  slabs,  of  various  shapes.  Printed 
and  enamelled  scale  plates,  writing  slates,  and  tobacco 
boxes. 

White  fitone-ware  punch  bowls,  enamelled  and  gilt; 
and  jugs — with  blue  raised  figures. 

Enamelled  and  gilt  tea  urns,  made  of  stone  clay,  capable 
of  resiHting  the  action  of  boiling  water. 

Stone  appendages  to  offices,  with  perforate<l  pipif  round 
the  top  to  supply  a  constant  current  of  water  for  the 
])Ui7>OBe  of  washing  the  sides. 

Artists*  grinding  stone,  and  a  mortar  and  pestle,  ma<le 
of  vitreous  p<>rcelain. 

Funnels  made  of  acid  i»roof  stone  clay.  Various  articles 
used  by  the  ajiothecary. 

Vases  and  card  baskets,  in  Parian  ware,  with  a  wreath 
of  flo Wei's.     Brooches,  pins,  &c. 

Bust  of  Wesley,  from  the  original  mo\ild,  belonging  to 
the  late  Enoch  Wood,  Esq.,  the  sculptor. 

Birds*  nest  and  bark  shajw  jugs,  in  vwnous  colours; 
red,  brown,  and  gold  lustre  porcelain,  with  silver  wreath. 
An  eau-de-(.'ologne  bottle. 

Dr.  Aniott's  ventilator. 

[In  enamelling,  ground-laying  is  the  first  process  in 
operating  on  all  designs  to  which  it  is  applied;  it  is 
extremely  simple,  requiring  principally  lightness  and 
delicacy  of  hand.  A  coat  of  boiled  oil  adapted  to  the 
purpose  being  laid  upon  the  ware  with  a  [>encil,  and  after- 
wards level  le<l,  or  as  it  is  technically  termotl  "  l)ossed," 
until  the  surface  is  jwrfectly  uniform;  as  the  deposit  of 
more  oil  in  one  part  than  another  would  cause  a  projxir- 


[25.J 


[Official  Ii.i.rsTRATKi)  Catai/x;\'t.."\ 


^W 


Class  25.— CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EARIBENWARE,  &o. 
North  Teahbept  Qallest. 


e  of  colour  to  adhere,  and  eonsequentlj 
nt.  This  being  done,  the  colour, 
which  is  in  k  Btate  of  fioe  powder,  ia  duated  on  the  oiled 
ground  with  cotton  wool;  a  sufficieat  quantity  readily 
attachea  it«elf,  uid  the  Buperfluit?  is  cleared  off  b;  the 
nine  medium.  If  it  be  requiiite  to  preeerre  a  panel 
omament,  or  any  object  white  upon  the  ground,  an 
luiditioaiJ  procen  is  necemuy,  called  "  ateootUing."  The 
stencil  (generally  a  mixture  of  Tose-pink,  lugar, 
water)  ie  laid  on  in  the  farm  deeired  with  a  pencil,  so  ai 
entirety  to  protect  the  surface  of  the  ware  from  the  oil, 
and  the  prooeM  of  "grounding,"  u  previouely  deecribed, 
eniuea.  It  ii  then  dried  in  an  oven,  to  harden  the  oil 
and  colour,  and  immeraed  in  water,  which  penetratea  1 
the  itendl;  and,  softening  the  sugar  is  then  easily 
woHbed  off,  e*rryiiig  witit  it  any  portion  of  colour  ( 
that  may  be  upon  it,  and  leaving  the  ware  perfectly 
olean.  It  ia  aometima*  neceinry,  where  great  depth  of 
colour  is  required,  to  repeat  these  colours  several  times. 
The  "ground-layen"  do  genenlly,  and  should  always, 
work  with  a  bandage  over  the  month,  to  avoid  inhaling 
the  eolour-duBt,  much  of  which  is  highly  deleterious. 
Bossing  is  the  term  given  to  the  process  by  which  the 
level  lurfacea  of  varioua  colours,  so  extensively  intro- 
duced upon  decorated  poroelun,  are  effected.  The  "boss" 
is  made  of  soft  leather. 

The  process  of  gilding  is  as  follows: — The  gold  (which 
is  prepared  with  quiclailver  and  flux),  when  ready  for 
use,  appears  a  black  dust ;  it  is  used  with  turpentine  and 
oils  similar  to  the  enamel  colours,  and,  like  them,  worked 
with  the  ordinary  camels'  hair  pencil.  It  flows  very  freely, 
and  is  equally  adi^ted  for  producing  hroad  massive  bands 
and  grounds,  or  the  finest  details  of  the  most  elaborate 

To  obviate  the  diSculty  and  expense  of  drawing  the 
pattern  on  every  piece  of  a  service,  when  it  is  at  all  intri- 
cate,  a   "pounce"   is   used,    and   the  outline   dusted 

through  with  charcoal — a  method  which  also  secures 

formity  of  size  and  shape.  Women  are  precluded  bora 
working  at  this  branch  of  the  budnese,  though,  from  ita 
simplidty  and  ligbtneea.  It  would  appear  so  well  adapted 
for  them.  Rrii^  restores  the  gold  to  its  proper  ' ' 
which  first  assumea  the  character  of  "  dead  gold,' 
after  brilliancy  being  the  result  of  another  pn>c«as  termed 
"  burnishing." — T.  B.] 


10    Haas,  Ckaslbs,  &  Sons,  Hanley,  Stagonishire— 
Manufacturers. 

Soup  and  louce  tureens,  regetabte  dishea,  dinner-ptatM, 

Centre  pieces,  compotiers,  dessert  plates,  &c.,  cbued, 
painted,  and  gilt,  in  a  variety  of  coloura  and  choice  de^ 
signs. 

Ewe™  and  boaina,  soap-boxes,   and   brush  tmys, 
various  colours  and  ornamental  stjlee. 

Lotus  candlesticks  and  Jugs.  AJbert  shi^M,  gilt  and 
omamsnted.  A  porcelain  ornamented  candlestick,  re- 
presented in  the  cut. 

Breok&st  bowl  and  saucer,  porcelain.  Porter  mug, 
porcelain.     Slob,  painted  fruit. 

Flower-pot  and  stand.  Flora  shape  ;  acanthus  flower- 
pots, coloured  and  gilt. 

Vsses— pink  grounds,  flowers  and  gold,  chased;  Celerte 

Sound,  chased  gold — The  Uurder  of  the  Innocents;  pair, 
eopatra  and  Anne  Boleyn,   marone  grounds,  chased 
gold. 

Large  vases,  with  portraits  of  The  Queen,  and  '. 

of  the  Exhibition  Building ;  and  of  Prince  Albert,  with 
interior  view,  l^rge  stork  vase,  with  water  birds  painted 
on  each  aide. 

These  vases,  &c.,  are  represented  in  the  accompanyinir 
illuattatioiu. 


Kntaww.]  (Xum  25.— CHINA.  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE.  *c. 

North  Tbanbkpt  Oallebt. 


Tca-etipaaod  Mucen,  TuiouB  putbmH.    C&ko  etaailx. 
Ootbie  bat,  illuminated  kikI  riU.    Thin  fout  in  n-pro-  ,      Clock,  nubject,  "  Sii-lit  ami  MoniinR."  with  n  fiKiir 
■rated  in  tb«  cut  in  the  next  column.  .Sikncc  on  tlw  top.     Thin  cluck  ifi  rv|>n'iH:nted  iu  tlie  on 

l^nC>**'*-^u*>«'7ofBacchui>{rBriui).    V  we*  Mai  tone  ,  in  next  coluuiu;  nnH  anotlivr  in  cliiuwil  naUi  (fu-iiui). 
iPariui).  I       Wiue  coole™,    Bucthanalian  (Pariftn  Mid  terra  cirtt* 

Statuet(«  (Tarian),   of  Tarioui  kbdii;  Tvniplnt  and    Vnriiui*  lieuivs.  nil  Parian. 
C'>m|iuiii>n ;  Falconer  and  Compwiifln;  IlalliLT  lui.U'nin.         HeacUnfi'r.  A.Um  Cliu-kf,  Sir  Rubcrt  Peel,  Shak'fein 
'  la;  Cu|H(l   and  Venui}  I>aucec   and    Comtuuiinn ;    and  Nnpnliwn 


tinn;  ProtneUieuii. 


TlCOJli 


1,  Cellini  caodlvitickH. 


3  H  2 


S.— CHraA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE,  fto. 
NOBTH  Trakbept  O&llebt. 


Butter-tub  u>d  dtond,  pink  ground;  jugH  and  miBcella 


Ueigh  utd  Btnu*  Onunxnul  Ctotk. 


11  BoOTE,  T.  &  R.,  Surskm,  StaffanbAire— 

Honufncturer, 

Portland  vase,  fkwn  ground,  white  figuree,  about  thret 
feet  high ;  omuneutad  b;  pataut  process. 

Set  of  three  Parian  TsaeB.  oroajnented  with  raised  vine, 
drab  ground,  the  largeet  three  feet  high.  Another  set, 
with  groupa  of  flowers,  r^^. 

Panan  ollagoricaj  group  of  figurea,     Kufltic  group. 

Statuettes,  in  Parian,  about  20  inches  high,  Shakspeare, 
Hilton,  Venua,  &c,      Parian  vaao,  pierced. 

Pariwi  bnrt  of  Sir  Robert  Pe«l,  taken  from  the  picture 
by  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence. 

Set!  of  Portland  and  Ely  jugi,  diab  ground,  and  white 

Pair  of  Doric  mosaic  Tasea,  black  ground,  with  fancy 
leaf,  tec,,  in  maiarine  blue,  traced  in  gold. 

Set  of  moauc  jugs,  black  ground,  with  Qreciau  Bgures, 
mararine  blue,  traced  in  gold. 

Set  of  azure  Ot«cian,  and  fawn  jugs,  Sk,,  inlaid  with 
white,  traced  in  gold. 

Seta  of  juga:— -Fawn  ground,  inlaid  with  white,  fancy, 
&c.,  traced  in  gold ;  nge  ground,  Oredan  figures.  &c., 
traced  in  gold. 

The  six  i»«ceding  artidea  ornamented  by  patent  pro- 
Set  of  jura,  asure  and  aage  grounds,  border  inlud  in 
white,  trac^  in  gold. 

Ewers  and  bauna: — Fawn  ground,  inlaid  with  Grecian 
figures,  &c.,  cut  up;  white  ground,  aimilarly  ornamented ; 
azure  ground,  inlaid  with  white,  cut  up ;  azure,  inlaid 
with  blue  bell,  &c.,  in  white,  cut  up ;  fawn,  rimilarly  oraa' 
mented;  white,  inlaid  with  black,  and  blue  bell  traced 
(the  four  preceding  articles  ornamented  with  gold  bv 
patent  procetu) ;  wUle,  with  gold  bands ;  groimd  laid  with 
blue,  finished  with  gold,  aUo  with  pink,  finished  with 

gold. 

Pair  of  Coptic  Taaes,  black  ground,  with  fency  leaves, 
*-     --      '  le  blue,  inioed  in  gold  bj  p«teat  proeew. 


Set  of  jugs,  sage  ground.  Inlaid  with  white.  IKnnar 
ilatee,  ground  laid,  traced  in  gold.  Dessert  plates,  groand 
aid,  fiiuslied  off  in  gold.    Small  Parian  Taaa,  flowered. 

12    DiKMOix.TBOitAB,  StMxt Potlena,  Slagbrdtkirt— 
MfinnfiM'liiUfr 

Table'plntM,  tureens,  didiea  and  didi-oora^  of  Tmiioua 
patterns  and  ooloun. 

Qarden-seato,  j^wnned  and  gUt. 

Wineoooler,  of  terra-oottawars;  htlliefiinnaf  btim. 


13 


SpecimsoE  of  ornamental  eartkcmware  comjoea  for 
rooms,  and  wash-board,  iiipiwwiil.iim  carvad  oak  uid 
other  woods.     Centre-pieoea  for  rooma  in  aame  style. 

Ornamental  bricka,  to  ropraaant  earring  in  wimmI  or 
stone,  and  other  decorative  woik. 

These  new  articles  are  made  under  Baddeley's  pattnt, 
the  compodtioQ  uaed  bong  a  peculiar  deacription  <k 
eaiihenwaM^  and  the  prooeaa  of  "  praaaing"  tha  claj  into 
the  mould  ia  effected  by  maehuiioal  power, 

Toy-warej  aauoera,  mamine  and  gold;  cana  and  aau- 
cers,  and  cups  and  saucers;  green  and  IP^i  ■!■'>  '"'  »»- 
rone  buff,  green  buff,  fawn  and  fawn  Greece,  and  gold; 
with  saucera  in  mazarine  red,  ™— >4»»-  maKuw  buD', 
and  gold. 

Paragon  teqiot,  box,  and  cream,  in  white  and  nid. 

Jenny  Lind  milk  jug,  ta^Kit  atand,  alop  bow^  *o^r 
bowl,  butter  and  stand,  diahea,  mnfflna,  tca^  rack,  btMd 
and  butter  plate,  bowl  and  aaucer,  and  egg  cup. 

Card  counter,  pink  and  gold,  black  [sinted  numbers. 

Jugs :  utility  edge-line  and  ornamented  aponta ;  utility 
and  Greek  bouquet  sprigs,  plain;  utility  double  atiipa  and 
wreath;  and  Greek,  white  and  gold. 

Uugs:  green  and  gold,  with  landacape;  mazarine  and 
gold,  with  landscape;  rosea  and  gold;  double  landacape; 
green  ground;  laodacqw  and  gold;  and  marone,  golda 

Paragon  teapot,  gold  and  flowsra;  bread  and  butter 
plate,  drab  flowers  and  gold,  Jenny  Lind;  bowls  tad 
saucers,  initial  J.  L. ;  French  drab  band  and  gold;  French 
green,  stripes  gilt;  and  French  marone,  flowers  and  gold. 

Teacups  and  aauoera,  Victoria  emboaaed  and  Jenny 
Lind,  white  and  gold.     Punch  bowl,  gold  band. 

Candlesticka  in  pairs,  gilt  and  flowera,  marone  and 
gold,  and  white  and  gold. 

FlowBT  bottle,  flowen  and  gold.  Bet  of  qiilla,  ina- 
rone  and  celestial  blue,  flowen  and  gold. 

Large  double  and  csudled  mug,  gilt,  lettered,  and 

Slabs:  painted  landscape,  gilt  frames;  painted  flowera, 
gilt  frames;  and  the  "  Cottage  door." 

Dessert  platee,  gold  band  and  flowen;  aalmon  sod 
landacape;  gilt  and  flowen;  fawn  and  landacape;  white 
and  gold;  bouquet,  gilt;  green  and  &wn,  odd  pattanks; 

Cn  leavee  and  flowers;  marone  and  Urda;  drab  aad 
srs ;  atone  and  gold ;  and  marone  and  mid. 
Exhibition  bread  and  butter  plate,  momn,  and  bowl 
and  saucer,  black;  bowl  andaauoer,  spills  and  mug,  tad; 
muga,  green,  pink,  black,   "  Present  from  Londco,"  and 
gilt  marone.   Teapot  atand,  "  Sdnde;"  mnfflna  and  diah. 


14        K£i8   &    HocnnroBD,    Tlit  PtUiritt,  KtwoatU- 
tavkr-Lyme,  StagordiMre — Deaignara,  Invoiton, 

and  Hanufacturers. 

Specimens  of  porcelain  statuary : — Statnettee  of  Flora; 
Prometheus  tormented  by  the  vulture;  Tenua  unrobing 
at  the  bath ;  and  two  Circassian  slavn. 

Group  of  three  boys,  with  perforated  haakcAs  for 
dessert,  centre-piece. 

Pair  of  figures,  male  and  female,  witii  glM*  lining*  to 
perforated  vases. 

Statuotte  of  Venus  extracting  a  thorn.  Oronp  of  two 
dogs,  setter  and  pointer,  with  game.  Group  of  three 
greyhound  doga.  TWv»)>«iiali«¥i  ewer  &om  the  antique. 
Claret  vase  ewer. 


15    Pun>aa,  Bomui;^  &  Hof^  Bunleoi,  Btagordihire 
Palteric$ — Hanufacturen. 

XaBriiw  blue  groundod  and  gilt  loup  tureen  and  itaud. 

CoTer-diih,  maroon  grounded  and  nit  Diih,  li-inch, 
maroon  grounded  and  gUt.  CoTar-dub,  mulbeiiy  printed 
blue  aoamelled,  and  gUt. 


dgilt. 

'— '    maroon  ground,  and  gilt.    Ewer  and 
.    and  ^t. 

Di^  14-fDeli,  nnique  colour,  printed,  and  gilt.  FUtes, 
BuBiioe  blue  and  marooT],  gilt;  and  TariouH  grauada, 
■lainelled   and   gilt.    Plate!    of  Twioua   colours   and 


.6        Andebsoh  &  Bettant,  Longton,  Staffordthire 
Fotteria — MaDUfacturera. 
Seriea  of  ehitia  cupa  and  »aueer«,  and  dessert  plates. 


1 7         HiLSTTCB  ii  HoFWoos,  Longton,  Stnffcrdthirt 
Fotteria — DssigueTS  and  Inventonii 

Teapot,  migHT-boi,  or«(un-jug,  bread  and  butter  plate, 
and  cup  and  saucer;  Portland  shape,  raised  patterns,  gilt 
and  bumiflhed. 

Specimens  of  teacups  and  saucers,  of  various  shapea 
and  colours,  with  flower,  scroll,  landsc^>a,  and  medallion 
patterziB,  in  chased  and  bumiahed  gold. 

Centre-piece  on  pillar,  with  emboesed  vine  border; 
gnpm  suspended  from  the  handles.  This  centre-piece 
is  represented  in  tbe  following  engraving. 


p'ld 


I  :k  llnpwnwl' 
le  ground  and  landscapes,  nuH.il  and  biiniixheil 
'    '1,  an  oval,  anil  a  sfjuaro  conii>ort, 
lu  UH9  ■Bine  atyle  as  the  cvntre-piccc, 

[Tbe  operation  of  "  burnishing"  in  done  by  femitlee. 
Tbe  tooli  used  for  the  purpose,  called  "  LumiHhL'ra,"  arc 
blood«tOQes,  firm  hematite  iron,  and  ngates  (itteil  into 
handler    The  gold  is  first  scoured  witb  line  wetteil 


it  of  tlie  firii 


if  n 


sufflcii 


("old  will  not  adhere;  and  if  in  bxcchs,  the  hrilli 
have  been  dnrtroj-ed.  la  the  fiint  ciuw,  llio  ware  biw 
to  be  psned  through  tliD  kilns  a^in  without  further 
labour;  but,  in  tbe  latter,  it  has  tn  be  thoroUKhly  re- 
Rilt.  After  "sandinjr,"  the  bumijiliera  nre  npplicil  very 
liriaklj',  and  imniciUntely  produce  a  polish,  which  is 
incraaaed  in  brilliancy  by  iv[ieateil  action.  A  cloth 
dip|>«l  in  the  solution  of  wbttiug  is  occaniunally  lued 
to  clear  tlie  surlace.— T.  B.] 


IH 


DuKIN,  Kdwin,   l^Mllon,  I 


■ijfunIM 


cup'ond  sauccrH;  ti>.^trai:k  niul  efrx-trnme,  witb  cupa; 
muimunion  cup  with  liiuullex,  |i1ato.  jug  an<l  covur; 
nance  turcoii,  with  cover,  Htaiid,  ami  laille  complete; 
vBgotiil.lo  ilish  and  cover;  ciuiilleatic*  anil  uitiiiguishem; 
bnith  bowl,  with  stuni)  and  cover;  uiugx;  jugti;  luustonl 
jBjts;  ]iop]iorB;  salt*,  Stc. 


!l..f„,-d,hln-— 


)         ScauEANT  &  I'EIT^JI.  /fmitft/,  a. 

IV..diicers, 
S|«!ciincn»  of  engraved  [lattoma  for  printing  on  ci 


20      Till,  Thojiab  &  So:«,  /,,',(f4  I'Meni,  BarskM, 
!<MT..,-.H.  iW—  M  anil  fiicturers. 
Pi-kin  Hliai>e  articles,  ewer  and  basin,  soap-boi,  lirush- 

VirRinia  shape  jug,  uniiiuc.  (lilt,  and  green  [«Ii1j1o. 
Ik-rlin  sh.i[>.',  brt»krMt  c<i]>  oiul  saucer  set  Mid  Ikiw]. 
Alluuiy  sliajie  dinhes,   luker  and   pliitcs;  jn'iirl  white 


,    tciii>nt,    sugar,    cream,    cup  » 


Virginia  sliHpe   s 

Ihiwort  plHtP.   gilt.     Set  of  jugs.   Citiuiia  «li!i{K.  U 
liaise  gilt  tracings ;  another  set,  Franklin  shape,  gilt  lin 


724 


Class  25.— CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE,  &c. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


[Uhited 


Vii-ginia  set,  cup  and  saucer;  Celeste,  Lahore. 

Set  of  jugs,  pearl  white  granite,  Vii^nia  shape;  bowls 
of  the  same.    Coffee-pot  of  the  same;  Boston  shape. 

Sets,  Berlin  shape,  cup  and  saucer,  green,  andgUt  blue. 

Albany  shape  soup  tureen,  complete,  and  sauce  tureen, 
complete,  white  granite,  gold  bands;  also,  covered  dish, 
&c.,  of  the  same. 

Virginia  shape,  set  tea-cup  and  saucer  and  tea-pot, 
white  granite,  gold  bands. 


2 1  Cork  &  Edge,  Queen  Street,  Burslem,  Staffordshire — 

Manufacturers. 
Tea  services  in  black,  lustre,  drab,  and  lilac  earthen- 
ware. 


22   Pratt,  F.  &  R.,  &  Co.,  Fenton  Potteries,  Staffordshire 

— Manufacturers. 

Terra-cotta  model  for  a  timepiece,  "  Paris  and  Helen." 

Two  Etruscan  vases,  with  figures  from  ''Flaxman's 
Iliad." 

Porous  water-coolers,  j^lain  and  in  enamelled  colours. 

Earthenware,  printed  m  various  coloiuia,  under  glaze, 
after  pictures  in  the  Vernon  Gallery,  &c. 

Dessert  ware,  with  the  following  subjects  :— 

"The  Last  In,"  W.  Mulready,  R.A. 

"  Highland  Music,"  Sir  E.  Landseer,  R.  A. 

"  The  Blind  Fiddler,"  Sir  D.  Wilkie,  R.A. 

"  The  Truant,"  T.  Webeter,  R.A. 

"  The  Hop  Queen,"  W.  T.  Witherington,  R.A. 

"Cottage  Children,"  T.  Gainsborough,  R.A. 

Bread  platter,  and  cheese  dish,  picture  and  frame,  with 
Scripture  subject,  by  H.  Warren. 

Two  pictures  printed  in  colours,  under  glaze,  in  earth- 
enware frames.  A  variety  of  box  covers,  and  pair  of 
ornamental  vases,  in  the  same  style. 

These  subjects  are  executed  under  the  glaze  by  the 
ordinary  process  of  "bisque"  printing,  each  colour  is 
produced  from  a  separate  engraving,  and  the  "transfer" 
requires  to  be  carefully  registered. 

[The  process  of  bisque  firing  is  as  follows: — The  ware 
being  finished  from  the  hand  of  the  potter,  is  brought  by 
him  upon  boards  to  the  "green-house,"  so  called  from  its 
being  the  receptacle  for  ware  in  the  "  green"  or  unfired 
state.  It  is  here  gradually  dried  for  the  ovens:  when 
ready,  it  is  carried  to  the  "  sagger-house,"  in  immediate 
connexion  with  the  oven  in  which  it  is  to  be  fired,  and  here 
it  IB  placed  in  the  "  saggers:"  these  are  boxes  made  of  a 
peculiar  kind  of  clay  (a  native  marl),  previously  fired,  and 
fusible  at  the  heat  required  for  the  ware,  and  of  form 
suited  to  the  articles  they  are  to  contain.  A  little  dry 
pounded  flint  is  scattered  between  them,  of  china  and 
sand  of  earthenware,  to  prevent  adhesion.  The  purpose 
of  the  sagger  is  to  protect  the  ware  from  the  flames  and 
smoke,  and  also  for  its  security  from  breakage,  as  in  the 
clay  state  it  is  exceedingly  brittle,  and  when  dry,  or  what 
is  called  "white,"  requires  great  care  in  the  handling. 
A  plate  sagger  will  hold  twenty  plates,  placed  one  on  the 
other,  of  earthenware ;  but  china  plates  are  fired  sepa- 
rately in  "setters"  made  of  their  respective  forms.  The 
"setters"  for  china  plates  and  dishes  answer  the  same 
purpose  as  the  "saggers,"  and  are  made  of  the  same 
clay.  They  take  in  one  dish  or  plate  each,  and  are 
"  reared"  in  the  oven  in  "  bungs"  one  on  the  other. 

The  hovels  in  which  the  ovens  are  built  form  a  very 
peculiar  and  striking  feature  of  the  pottery  towns,  and 
forcibly  arrest  the  attention  and  excite  the  surprise  of 
the  stranger,  resembling  as  they  closely  do  a  succession 
of  gigantic  bee-hives.  They  are  constructed  of  bricks, 
about  40  feet  diameter,  and  35  feet  high,  with  an  aper- 
tmre  at  the  top  for  the  escape  of  the  smoke.  The 
"  ovens"  are  of  a  similar  form,  about  22  feet  diameter, 
and  from  18  to  21  feet  high,  heated  by  fire-places,  or 
"  mouths,"  about    nine    in    number,    built    extemaUy 


around  them.  Flues  in  connexion  with  these  oonveige 
under  the  bottom  of  the  oven  to  a  central  openings  draw- 
ing the  flames  to  this  point,  where  they  enter  the  oven: 
other  flues,  termed  "  bags,"  pass  up  the  internal  aides  to 
the  height  of  about  four  feet,  thus  conveying  the  flamea 
to  the  upper  part. 

When  "  setting  in"  the  oven,  the  firemen  enter  by  an 
opening  in  the  side,  carrying  the  saggers  with  the  ware 
placed  as  described:  these  are  piled  one  upon  another 
from  bottom  to  top  of  the  oven,  care  being  taken  to 
arrange  them  so  that  they  may  receive  the  heat  (which 
varies  in  different  parts)  most  suited  to  the  articles  they 
contain.  This  being  continued  till  the  oven  is  filled,  the 
aperture  is  then  bricked  up:  the  firing  of  earUienwtara 
bisque  continues  sixty  hours,  and  of  china  forty -ei^t. 

The  quantity  of  coals  necessary  for  a  "  bisque"  oven  is 
fr^m  16  to  20  tons;  for  a  "glost^  oven  from  4(  to  6 
tons. 

The  ware  is  allowed  to  cool  for  two  days,  when  it  is 
drawn  in  the  state  technically  termed  "biscuit,"  or 
bisque,  and  is  then  ready  for  "glazing,"  except  when 
required  for  printing,  or  a  common  style  of  painting, 
both  of  which  processes  are  done  on  the  "  bisque"  {nior 
to  being  "  glazed."--T.  B.] 

Dessert  ware,  Etruscan  shapes,  in  white  and  gold. 
A  variety  of  printed  and  enamelled  dinner  ware. 
A  mazarine  blue  jar,  ornamented  in  gold. 


23    Daniell,  a.  B.  &  R.  P.,  18  Wigmore  Street,  cmd 
129  New  Bond  Street — Designers. 
Dessert  services,  executed  at  the  Coalbrook  Dale  china 

manufactory. 

[In  these  services  is  shown  an  attempt  at  the  revival  of 
the  beautiful  pink  or  rose  colour  found  on  the  old  pite 
tendre  of  Sevres,  known  as  the  Rose  Dubarry.  Madame 
Dubany  having  some  vases  executed  at  the  Sevres  wozks, 
the  rose  colour  was  adopted,  as  being  the  lady's  &vx>iiritea 
in  compliment  to  her.  Colours  of  this  chaFBcter  are 
usually  produced  by  combinations  of  gold  with  salts  of 
ammonia,  to  which  sometimes  tin  and  the  oxide  of  man- 
ganese are  added. — R.  H.] 


24 


Earnbhaw  &  Graves,  Masborough  Pottery, 
Potherham,  Yorkshire — ^Manufacturers. 
Painted  biura,  exhibiting  specimens  of  Yates'  patent 
porcelain  letters. 


25      Glover  &  Colclough,  Longton,  Staffordthv 

Manufacturers. 
Gold  and  silver  lustre  earthenware,  useful  jugSy  &o. 


26  Bell  &  Co.,  Glasgow — ^ManufeMiturerB. 

Dinner  services  in  stoneware: — ^Blue  printed,  laadscaps 
pattern,  "  Italian  lakes."  Flowered  wars,  mulberry 
centre  with  azure  border,  "Warwick  vase^"  r^gistend 
pattern.     Pure  white,  gilt. 

Toilet  services  in  stoneware: — White  bamn  and  ewer, 
gilt,  antique  shape;  "Diana;"  with  registered  ewer. 
BaHin  and  ewer,  printed  and  coloured.  Laige  basin, 
marble  pattern.  Foot-bath  and  jug,  marble  pattern. 
Liarge  basin,  flowered  mulberry,   "  convolvulus"  pattern. 

Tea  services  and  jugs  in  stoneware  and  poroelain. 
Common  stoneware,  in  dipt,  sponged,  and  painted.  Fiaocy 
articles  in  stoneware,  porcelain,  and  Parian.  Sceot  jarin 
stoneware,  antique  shape,  with  Turkish  centre,  printed 
in  five  colours.    Wine-coolers,  antique  shape,  with  stands. 

Articles  in  Parian: — Small  vases,  with  figures  in  bas- 
relief,  the  body  and  handles  modelled  after  a  vase  found 
in  Pomi)eii.  Antique  vase  with  upright  handles.  Jugs 
modelled  after  the  antique,  with  bcui-reliefii  from  the 
Elgin  marbles,  representing  the  Battle  of  the 
(Registered  shape.)    Jugs,  same  shi^  but  plain. 


KlXODOM.] 


Class  26.--CH1NA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE,  &c. 

NoBTH  Transept  Gallery. 


725 


■objwi   ttoamelled.      Baa-reliefe  from  the  Elgin 
marUieay  &o. 

BpedioBDB  in  terra  cotta: — Lai^ge  yase  (Piranesi)  with 
flowers  and  scrolls  in  bas-relief.  Large  rase^  similar, 
bat  i^ain.  Large  fluted  columns,  serving  as  pedestals 
for  these,  with  capitals  and  bases  complete.  Shorter 
columns  without  capitals. 

[A  laige  proportion  of  circular  articles,  not  requiring 
ocnamttnt  or  relief  beyond  plain  curved  surfaces,  are 
"  thrown  and  turned."  Few  are  unacquainted  with  the 
wooder-workix:ig  powers  of  the  pottei^s  wheel.  A  ball  of 
clay  is  placed  on  the  centre  of  the  revolving  block,  and 
by  the  simplest  manipulation  is  made  to  spring  at  once 
into  form  and  character,  assuming  at  the  operatoi^s  will 

y  oontour  of  which  a  circular  vessel  is  capable,  the 
ie  day  being  formed  or  transformed  with  an  ease  and 
aknoet  incredible.     Every  piece,  when  made,  is 
cat  off  the  block  by  a  wire  being  passed  under  it. 

When  the  "thrown  ware  "  w  sufficiently  dry,  it  is  trans- 
leiTBd  to  the  hands  of  the  "  turner,"  whose  province  it  is 
to  form  the  curves  more  truly  and  sharply,  and  to 
impart  a  uniform  smoothness  and  polish  to  the  surface. 
This  process  resembles  that  of  ordinary  wood  turning, 
hut  from  the  nature  of  the  material  is  executed  with 
much  greater  facility.  The  vessel  is  fitted  upon  a  block, 
or  "chum,"  attached  to  the  lathe,  and  the  turning  is 
performed  by  thin  iron  tools,  few  in  number,  and  simple 
in  form. 

Articles  of  this  class  which  require  "handles"  are 
paaMd  from  the  lathe  to  the  "handler."  These  useful 
aiyancts  are  made  by  pressure  in  moulds  of  plaster  of 
Psris,  and  after  being  sufficiently  dried  are  fixed  on  the 
1  with  "slip."    The  adhesion  is  so  immediate  that 


in  most  cases  the  article  may  be  lifted  by  the  handle 
before  it  has  left  the  hands  of  the  operator.  When  the 
handle  is  fitted,  the  superfluous  alip  which  exudes  from 
the  junction  after  the  part^  have  been  pressed  together^ 
is  removed  with  a  sponge,  and  the  surfaces  worked 
together,  and  smoothed  round  with  a  small  tool,  the 
article  is  then  finished,  unless  a  "spout"  or  "lip"  is 
required,  as  in  the  case  of  teapots,  jugs,  &c.  These  are 
made  and  attached  in  the  same  manner  as  "  handles." — 
T.  B.] 


27      Whai.I.KT,  T.,  Stockion-OH-Tecs — Manufacturer. 
New  compositions  for  glazing  earthenware. 

[The  materials  comprised  in  the  various  glazes  commonly 
used  for  china  and  earthenware  are  —  Cornish  stone, 
flint,  white  lead,  glass,  whiting,  &c.  These,  ha\'ing  been 
ground  together  in  proper  proportions  to  the  consistence 
of  milk,  form  the  glaze.  The  process  is  effected  in  liu^e 
btdldings  termed  "dipping-houses"  (china  and  earthen- 
ware being  kept  separate),  fitted  up  with  tubs  for  the 
glace,  and  stages  for  the  reception  of  the  ware  when 
dipped,  upon  which  it  is  dried  and  heated  generally  by 
means  of  a  large  iron  stove  or  "cockle,"  from  which 
iron  pipes,  extending  in  various  directions,  convey  the 
heat  throughout  the  whole  extent  of  the  "houses." 
Each  dipper  is  provided  with  a  tub  of  glaze,  in  which  he 
immerMs  the  bisque  ware.  We  may  note  the  results  of 
practice  and  experience  in  imparting  a  facility  and  dexte- 
rity of  handling,  so  necessary  to  perfection  in  this  pro- 
cess. The  ware  is  held  so  that  as  small  a  portion  as 
powible  shall  be  coveretl  by  the  fingers;  it  is  then 
plunged  in  the  glaze,  which,  by  a  dexterous  jerk,  is 
made  not  only  to  cover  the  entii-o  piece,  l)ut,  at  the  same 
lima,  so  diBperses  it,  that  an  espial  and  level  portion  in 
over  the  whole   surface  which,   being   porous. 


imbibes  and  retains  it.  The  ware  is  handed  to  the 
dipper  by  a  boy,  and  another  removes  it  when  dipped  to 
the  drying  or  "hot-house."  The  glaze  is  opaque  till 
fired,  so  that  the  design  of  pattern  executed  on  the 
bisque  is  completely  hid,  after  dipping,  till  they  have 
been  submitted  to  the  glost  fire.  An  able  workman  will 
dip  about  700  dozen  plates  in  a  day. — T.  B.] 

28  Fell,  T.,  &  Co.,  St.  Peter's  Pottery,  Newcastle-vpon- 

Tyne — Manufactitfers. 
Specimens  of  common  earthenware. 

29  SocTHORN,  William,  &  Co.,  Broseley,  near  Iron 

Bridge,  Shropshire — ^Manufetcturer. 
Tobacco-pipes,  of  prepared  clay,  which  gives  them  a 
more  porous  quality;  with  improved  glaze,  and  green  lip. 

29a    Micheli^  J.,  Calenich,  Truro — Manufacturer. 
Cornish  crucibles. 


30  JuLEFF,  J.  &  J.,  Redruth,  Cornwall — Manufacturera. 
Specimens  of  Cornish  crucibles.     Copper,   lead,  and 

silver  assaying  crucibles.  Tin  assaying  crucible  (black 
lead).  Jewellers'  crucibles,  three-cornered  and  round, 
and  black-lead  crucibles. 

Refiners'  pots  of  difierent  sizes.     Skittle  pots. 

Muffies  of  different  sizes  and  shapes. 

3 1  Kay,  Thomas,  Holbeck,  near  Leeds — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Pots  for  horticultural  purposes,  with  feeders. 
Self-feeding  pots.     Suspending  pots  for  orchids. 
Bordering  for  garden  walks. 


32  Mills,  John,  Leeds — ^Manufiicturer. 

Specimens  of  Rockingham  coffee-pots  and  tea-pots. 
Shell  and  blue  shell  tea-pots.  Shell  jugs,  and  smeared- 
black  tea-pots. 

33  Simpson,  J.,  28  Theobald's  /Joarf— Manufacturer. 
Table,  tea,  and  dedsert  services  in  eiu*theuware.     Plug 

biisins  and  toilet  Wiire.     l^arian  statuett^M. 

■34     Wood,  George,  Brentford — Designer,  Inventor, 

and  Mimu^turer. 
Very  large  orange-tree  garden-pots,  ornamented. 

35       Bourne,  Joseph,  Perby  Pottery^  near  Derby — 
Patentee  and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  articles  manufactured  from  fine  stone- 
ware clay,  so  vitrified  as  to  be  equal  to  glass  for  purposes 
in  which  the  latter  is  employed. 

Garden -labels,  faced  with  white  enamel,  and  lettered 
in  black,  wliicli,  from  their  impervious  nature,  are  well 
adapted  for  arboretums,  pleasure-grounds,  &c. 

Specimens  of  articles  made  from  the  same  stoneware 
clay,  in  the  "biscuit,"  or  unglazed  state,  as  garden- 
vases,  flower-pots,  scent-jars,  &c 


30         Sharpe,  Brothers,  &  Co.,  Swadlincote,  near 
Bmion-on-  Trent — Manufacturers. 

Sjxjcimcns  of  fire-proof  baking-dishes,  and  other  article 
of  Derbyshire  ironstone  caueware,  of  Rockingham  wai-e, 
both  of  native  clay;  and  of  printed  earthenware,  of  the 
clay  in  a  refined  state. 

Tlie  characteristics  of  ironstone  canewarc  are,  its  cajja 
bility  of  enduring  the  action  of  fire,  its  strength,  and  it  * 
general  usefulness. 


37     Edwards,  J.,  &  So.ss,  Dale  Hall,  Staffordshire— 

Manufacturera. 
Large  Piuian  viuh*,  and  large  earthenware  tray. 


38  Finch,  John,  (»  J'irkard  Street,  Citu  /fo^t/-  -Patentee 
with  F.  T.  Rufford  of  Stourbridge. 
Models  and  sections  of  full-size<l  baths  and  wash  tub<>. 
Manufactured  from  the  designs  of  P.  P.  Baly,  Esq. 


726 


Class  25.— CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE,  Ac. 

North  Tbanbept  Gallebt. 


rUKlTKD 


Porcelain  wash  and  steam  tubs,  full-sized.  Glazed 
bricks  and  slabs. 

Porcelain  tile  bath  and  appendages,  with  bath-room 
fitted  up  complete,  including  Busby's  registered  valve, 
showing  the  bath  in  operation. 

Bath-room  furniture,  including  porcelain  angular 
shelves,  hat-rails  and  pegs,  looking-glass  frame,  soi^-dish, 
plugs  for  bath,  labels  nimibered,  and  door  handles. 

Wash-room  furniture — ^porcelain  soap  shelves,  perfo- 
rated shelves  and  tiles,  closet  pans,  and  glazed  pipes. 

39  Lowe,  Thomas,  40  Ely  Pi(ice,  Hotbom— 

Painter  and  Producer. 
Table  plates,  painted  with  subjects  in  the  centre  of 
each.     Miniature  portrait  of  Her  Majesty,  after  Ross. 
Infant  John,  afber  Correggio.    Jew's  harp,  after  Wilkie. 
English  rustic,  after  Howard. 

40  Allen,  John  Milner,  14  Catharine  Street,  Strand 

— Producer. 
Painted  and  gilt  China  dessert  plates. 

41  Sharpus  &  CcTLLUM,  13  Cockspur  Street,  Charing 

Cro88 — Designers  and  Ftoprietors. 

British  china  and  British  earthenware,  of  new  forms 
and  original  designs.     Dessert  services. 

British  glass,  showing  the  improvement  made  in  British 
crystal.     Decanters,  wine-glasses,  &c« 

43  Brameld,  John  Wageb,  7  Cobwrg  Place, 

Biiyswater — Manufacturer. 

Ice  pail  of  Rockingham  china,  gilt,  with  enamel  paint- 
ing of  "Bird-trap,"  and  "Charity,"  with  snow  scenes, 
on  the  foot,  and  stem  of  green  holly  and  berries. 

Vase,  with  painting  of  "  Champion,"  after  Webster. 

Grape  basket,  wiSi  Guava  cup  for  pine  apple,  and 
wreath  of  gilded  imion  flowers  in  china. 

Pattern  cabinet  cups  and  saucers. 

Breakfitst  cup  and  saucer,  of  the  original  Rockingham 
glaze,  painted  vdth  flowers,  and  the  rose,  shamrock,  and 
thistle,  gilt. 

[The  Rockingham  china  was  so  named  in  compliment  to 
the  celebrated  Marquis  of  Rockingham,  to  whose  patronage 
was  due  the  introduction  of  the  very  fine  porcelain  known 
by  this  name.  This,  like  most  of  the  English  porcelains, 
consists  of  a  clay  body,  through  and  over  which  the  glaze 
is  diffused.  The  glazes  vary  very  much  in  character,  but 
they  are  usually  composed  of  silica,  potash,  and  lead,  a 
mixture  which,  being  fused,  produces  a  very  transparent 
glass.— R.  H.]       

44  Chamberlain  &  Co.,  Worcester — Designers 

and  Manufacturers. 

Tea  service  of  egg-shell  china,  with  a  medallion  of 
Shakspeare  on  each  cup. 

Communion  and  ddjeiine  services,  of  pierced  or  honey* 
comb  china. 

IHerced  jugs,  bottles,  chalice,  cups,  and  stands. 

Portfolio  china  slabs,  with  view  of  Malvern,  and  scene 
from  "  Twelfth  Night."     Slabs  and  frames  with  paintings. 

Adelaide  vases,  gilt,  &c.,  with  views  of  Constantinople 
and  Smyrna,  and  painting  of  various  kinds. 

Snake-handle  vases,  with  views  of  Worcester  and  Mal- 
vern. Coventry  vases  with  medallions  of  Shakspeare  and 
Milton. 

Large  inkstand;  Dresden  basket;  China  bracelets  and 
brooches;  China  mortice  door-furniture. 

Vegetable  dishes  and  covers.  Sauce  tureens  and  stands. 
BreakfAst  cups  and  saucers.  Tea-cups.  Dessert  and  table 
plates.  Portion  of  dessert  service— biscuit,  blue  band, 
with  views,  crests,  and  coats-of-arms. 

Gold  and  white  Dresden  baskets,  with  paintings. 

[In  1751,  Dr.  Wale  established  a  manufactory  in  Worces- 
ter, under  the  name  of  the  "  Worcester  Porcelain  Com- 
/Muif, "  and  to  him  appears  to  be  due  the  idea  of  printing 
upon  porcelain — the  transferring  of  printed  ];)at\«m&  to 


biscuit  ware,  as  now  usually  adopted.  Vrouk  a  magaiine 
in  the  Museum  of  Praotioal  Geology,  deoonted  with  a 
portrait  of  Frederick  the  Great,  the  date  erf  tliis  process 
appears  to  be  1757. 

The  original  Worcester  Company  principally  oonfined 
themselves  to  making  blue  and  white  ware,  in  imitation 
of  that  of  Nankin,  and  in  producing  copiea  of  the  Ja- 
panese pottery. 

Cookworthy,  of  Plymouth,  appean  to  have  carried  on 
the  business  of  a  potter,  in  Worcester,  until  1783,  irtien 
this  manufactory  passed  into  the  poeseosion  of  Mr.  Thomas 
Flight.— R.  H.]    _^ 

45        Brown,  T.  &  M.  L.,  47  St,  MartUCs  Lame— 

Manufacturers. 
Dinner  and  dessert  plates,  spedmens  of  enamnlling  and 

gilding  on  stone  china. 

[Stone  china  differs  from  the  "  tender  porcelain,"  as 
the  English  ware  is  termed,  in  being  a  fused  body;  the 
alkali  of  the  clays  employed  being,  by  the  heat  of  the 
furnace,  made  to  combine  with  the  silica  and  alumina. 
Enamel  colours  are  such  as  consist  of  metallic  ozideB 
combined  with  an  alkaline  flux,  whidi,  when  exceed  to 
a  high  temperature,  forms  a  perfect  glass. 

When  the  ware  leaves  the  hands  of  the  painien, 
gilders,  &c.,  it  is  carried  to  a  receiving-room  in  con- 
nexion with  the   "  enamel-kilns."    The  firemen  select 
the  ware  from  this  room,  according  to  the  degree  of 
heat  they  may  require,  and  place  it  in  that  part  of  the 
kiln  most  likely  to  secure  it.    The  diffarent  articles  are 
ranged  upon  stages  constructed  of  "slabs'*  or  "bats," 
supported  on  "  props,"  all  made  of  fired  day.    The 
time  of  firing  is  from  six  to  seven  hours,  according 
to  the  size  of  the  kiln,  and  whether  it  contains  any  artt- 
clee  of  unusual  size  and  hazard;  in  whidi  case  the  heat 
is  brought  forward  very  gradually.    The  "  ground-lay- 
ing" being  executed  with  colours  less  fusible  than  thoes 
employed  by  the  punters,  the  ware  so  deooraied  is  fired 
in  separate  kilns  at  a  higher  temperature,  a  level  ^oesy 
surface  being  a  great  desideratum;  and  as  gold  la  often 
used  in  relief  upon  the  "grounds,"  It  would  be  liable  to 
sink  and  lose  its  lustre,  imless  the  onder-colonr  had 
received  a  greater  degree  of  heat  than  is  required  by  the 
gilding.    The  kilns  are  built  of  large  fired  day  sUba, 
made  expressly  for  the  purpose.    They  are  about  3  fact 
G  inches  wide,  4  feet  6  inches  high,  and  6  fset  6  indies 
long,  with  circular  tops,  having  flues  beneath  and  around 
them.    The  fire-places,  or  "  mouths,"  are  at  the  ndei^ 
and  the  flames  passing  through  the  fluee  endrdt  the 
kiln  externally.     Great  care  is  taken  to  prevent  the  ad- 
mission of  smoke  or  flame  into  the  body  of  the  kDaa,  the 
fronts  of  which  are  closed  with  iron  doors,   haviqgin 
them  small  apertures,  through  which  the  flreuMB 
sionally  draw  **  trials"  of  colour  made  upon  amell 
of  ware,  and  thus  ascertain,  to  a  certain  extent^  the  pro- 
gress of  the  heat.     This  is  a  material  assistanoe,  but 
being  drawn  from  one  part  only,  still  leaves  a  task  re- 
quiring great  care  and  nicety  of  judgment  to  manage 
successfully.     Gold,  if  not  sufficiently  fired,  will  wipe 
off,  and  if  over-fired  will  not  "  burnish,"  and  the  gQdiqg 
has  to  be  repeated. — T.  B.] 

Plates,  entr^  dishes,  and  soup  tiu^eens^  en  mt&e. 
Tea-cups  and  saucers ;  specimens  of  painting  and  gild- 
ing on  porcelain.     Various  articles  in  glass. 


\ 


46      Grainger,  G.,  &  Co.,  Worcester— InrtmUm, 
Designers,  and  Manufacturers. 
Dinner  and  dessert  plates.    Soup  tureens.     Vci^etable 
dishes  and  covers.     Ewers  and  basms. 


KlXODOM.] 


CLAB8  26.— CHINA,  PORCELAIN,  EARTHENWARE,  &o. 

North  Transept  Gallebt. 


727 


Plate,  anglyed,  to  show  the  luiture  of  the  body.  Piece 
broken  in  OMBng,  showing  the  fincture. 

Cbsmioel  ospeules,  of  various  shinies. 

New  ware,  called  "  Semi,  or  chemical  porcelain.*' 

Small  cabinet  tea  service  and  tray,  ornamented  vrith 
•prays  of  idieat,  in  chased  gold. 

Desaort  plate  royal  design;  Medieval  font,  coloured. 
dtps,  saucers,  and  lamp,  of  Worcester  china.  Small 
jogs,  in  Parian  bodv. 

Csst  of  a  female  nand,  14  vears  of  age,  in  Parian;  cast 
of  a  fenude  hand,  80  years  of  age. 

47         Rose,  JoHif,  &  Co.,  Ooalbrook  Dale,  Ironbridge, 
Shrotmhirt — Manufacturers. 

Portions  of  (wrcelain  embossed  dinner  services,  crimson 
and  gold,  and  turquoise  and  gold,  &c. 

Dcflsert-services,  Rose  du  Barry,  raised  gold  and  flowers. 
Embossed  dessert  services,  green  and  gold,  with  plants, 
enamelled.    Embossed  services.  Celeste,  gold  and  birds. 

Tea-servioes — roses  in  gold  ground,  Victoria  green  and 
gold,  turquoise  ground  and  gold  border,  and  white  and 
gold. 

Tripod  ^pergne,  with  pierced  basket,  Cupids,  in  Pftrian, 
representing  the  Seasons.  Smaller  ^pergne,  supported  by 
sea-horses,  m  Parian. 

Flower-vases,  turquoise  and  gold,  supported  by  dol- 
phins; also,  solid  gold  chased.  Lamp-pillar,  pink  and 
gold. 

Small  cofiee  sets,  Rose  du  Barry,  gold,  &c. ;  Celeste, 
gi^d,  &c. 

Clock-case,  gilt,  with  figures  of  Time  and  Cupid 
(Puian). 

Elevated  flower-vase,  supported  by  dolphins  (Parian). 

Fur  of  wrestling  figures  (Parian).  Group  of  fig^ures  : 
subject,  "The  Pleiades  adorning  Night''  (Parian). 
BMket,  supported  by  three  female  ngures  (Parian).  Or- 
namental ewers  (Parian).  Qroup  of  figiu'es:  "Puck  and 
oompanions  "  (Parian). 

China  plates,  various  colours,  with  birds,  plants,  fruit, 
flowers,  and  heraldic  decorations. 

Large  porcelain  egg-shell  bowl  and  small  pieces,  various. 


48  Lee,  Joseph,  Pottery ^  Rothcrham,  Yorkshire — 

Manufacturer. 
Sign-board,  with  porcelain  letters. 

49  Potts,  Wainw eight  W.,  Wnterltw  Houses  Buralem, 

SPtffordshire — Patentee  and  Designer. 
Specimens  of  patent  cylindrical  steam  priutiug  on  tissue 
paper,  for  ornamenting  by  tnuisfer,  cliiim,  (jorcelain, 
earthenware,  glass,  japan  ware,  slato,  mio'ble,  canvas, 
tan,  oil -cloth,  wood,  papier  mach<5,  and  roi)in  decorations. 
The  machine  which  printed  the  first  si)ecimen,  when  pro- 
perly furnished  with  engraved  C(>i»f)er  rollers,  30  inches 
wide  (besides  margin),  is  calculated  to  produce  as  much 
work  for  transferring,  as  40  men  can  do  in  the  sanie  time  by 
hand-printing.  All  the  other  specimens  are  pnKlucod  by  a 
smaller  machine,  now  in  common  use  in  the  Staffordshire 
potteries  and  in  Glasgow,  and  is  calculated  to  do  half  as 
much  work  in  the  same  time ;  but,  being  on  an  improved 
principle,  is  more  convenient  in  working.  Those  ma- 
chines require  only  a  man  an<l  a  lad  to  work  them,  and 
a  small  boiler  to  heat  with  steam.  The  transfer  on  oil- 
cloth is  intended  to  show  tliat  the  common  block-printed 
oil -cloth  may  be  supersedetl  by  better  patterns  and  de- 
signs, particularly  in  wainscots,  table-covers,  screens, 
tM>le-raats,  &c.  The  style  of  the  engraving  in  n>oni  de- 
corations is  intende<l  to  show  that  hiHtorical  subjects  or 
designs  of  any  deHcri[)tion  may  be  engrave<l  and  priDte<l, 
and  then  transferre<l  to  prepartxl  canvas,  leather,  oil-cloth, 
plaster,  wood,  slate,  stone,  niju-ble,  &c. 

hO       Green,  Jamis,  '^'t  (^/>f>cr  Tonnes  Street — Half- 

Pri>i»rift<ir  and  .\j^eut. 

Papworth's  rcgistere^l  ftnintjiin,  manufactured  in  china 

or  carthonwaro,  for  lar^e  saloonn  and  conservatories,  sup- 

plitnl  by  the  high-wat»T  sorvices.      It  ciui  Ihj  more  easily 

kept  clean  than  other  material,  and,  being  capable  of  a 


great  variety  of  colours,  is  ornamental  in  an  apartment. 
It  is  also  conducive  to  health,  by  preventing  undue 
dryness  of  air  from  heating  apparatus. 

51  Sherwin,  Hejoit,  WoUtanton,  NetPcasth-under-Lyme 

— Designer  and  Engraver. 
Specimens  of  the  ordixuurv  style  of  engraving,  as  applied 
to  the  decoration  of  earthenware  manufactures.  The 
designs  are  engraved  on  table-plates,  and  represent  flowers, 
with  poppy,  wheat,  clematis,  lupin,  sweet-pea,  and  wild 
flowers.  The  plates  are  printed  by  Messrs.  Joaiah  Wedg- 
wood &  Sons. 

52  LoREiN,  JosiAH,  68  Basmghall  £Kr«0f— Producer. 
Patent  egg-beater. 


53        Battam,  Thomas,  2  and  3  Jofmaon's  Court, 

Fleet  Street — Producer. 

A  princess  and  a  priest  of  Bacchus;  (reverse  side)  Mi- 
nerva and  Hercules :  companion  to  the  same.  Feast  of 
Bacchus.     Toilet  of  Aphrodite  :  Venus  (companion). 

Hereon,  or  tomb  of  a  hero  :  four  figures  bnnging  sepul- 
chral  offerings;  supposed  to  be  Orestes  andPyUdeeat  the 
tomb  of  Agamemnon. 

Hesiod  and  the  Muses,  "  and  gave  unto  my  hand  a  rod 
of  marvellous  growth  of  a  laurel  bough:"  (companion), 
Venus,  "  her  honours  these  from  the  beginning." 

Penelope  and  her  maids:  (^companion),  Apollo  carried  in 
the  air  by  a  swan,  accompamed  by  two  Muses  and  a  faun. 

Tragedy  of  Orestes.  The  judges,  Orestes,  Minerva, 
Apollo,  and  Furies :  "  Go  to  those  sacred  flames,  they  will 
conduct  you  to  the  Furies:"  (companion)  a  fight  for  the 
body  of  Patroclus. 

A  hierophant  instructing  a  young  maiden  in  one  of  the 
bacchanalian  fdtes,  above  a  bust  of  mcchus. 

The  initiated  and  bacchantes  making  the  circuit  of  the 
sacred  wood. 

Two  young  men  disputing  for  the  prize  before  a  master 
of  the  games. 

Telemachus  in  search  of  his  father:  (companion),  the 
rape  of  Outhyia. 

Celebrating  the  treureid :  (companion)  chorus  in  honour 
of  Bacchus. 

The  marriage  of  Bacchus  and  Ariadne  ;  (reverse  side), 
dance  of  two  fauns  and  three  nymphs. 

Penthesilea  (queen  of  the  Amazons)  slain,  supported  by 
Achilles. 

Toilet  of  Aphrodite  (Venus.) 

Cassandra  seeking  protection  of  Minerva  (to  whose 
statue  she  clings),  from  the  Wolencc  of  Ajax;  a  priestess 
hastening  away  in  indignation. 

The  Tbymbrcan  Apollo  and  Cassandra.  Iris  and  Alcu- 
raon. 

Preparation  for  a  sacred  rite:  a  faun  presenting  to  a 
priestess  the  lustral  water  which  he  carries  in  a  stitula. 

[The  class  of  works  to  which  these  examples  belong  may 
be  ranked  under  the  head  of  Repro^bictivc  Art,  The  his- 
torical, mj-thiciU,  and  domestic  events  which  they  illus- 
trate form  vivid  and  instructive  records  of  the  manners 
and  customs  of  the  ancients.  Tlie  original  bases  which 
have  formed  the  material  in  this  series  are  amongst  the 
earliest  memorials  of  Hellenic  civilization.  Tlie  date  of 
their  pro<luction  extends  from  the  second  to  the  fifth 
century  of  the  Christian  era.  The  diversity  and  elej^nce 
of  their  fonns  Ixjju*  conclusive  evidence  of  the  grace  and 
}>eauty  with  which  a  n.>fined  and  cultivated  intelligence 
can  mould  the  objects  which  miuister  to  the  humble  and 
familiar  purposes  of  household  wants. 

Tlieir  application  was  chiefly  to  domestic  requirements ; 
and  it  being  a  custom,  connecteil  with  the  rite  of  burial, 
to  deposit  within  the  sepulchre  such  objects  as  the  do- 
cease<l  liad  mr»st  highly  value<l  during  life,  the  interment 
of  a  large  number  of  these  mortuary  treasures,  which  so 
graphically  illustrate  Gret^k  art  and  life,  resulted.  To 
this  we  owe  the  preservation  of  so  interesting  and  nu- 


728 


Glam  26.— china,  porcelain,  EARTHENWARE,  Ac, 

North  I'ransbpt  Galijiry. 


merous  a  seriea  of  these  valuable  mementos  of  archaic 
taste  and  skill.  They  are  composed  of  red  clay,  the 
figure  and  ornamental  composition  being  executed  on  a 
dark  liquid  pigment,  worked  in  quick-drying  oils,  and 
submitted  to  a  considerable  degree  of  heat,  to  secure 
effectual  adhesion.  Amongst  the  earliest  designs  are 
placed  those  in  which  the  black  silhouette-like  figures  are 
painted  upon  the  red  or  buff  ground.  These  vases,  with 
the  figures  and  ornaments  in  red  on  a  black  ground, 
mark  the  period  when  Qreek  art  was  at  its  zenith. 

In  reference  to  the  forms  of  these  vases,  it  may  be  in- 
structive to  remark,  that  a  careful  analysis  of  ^e  best 
examples  in  the  British  Museimi  proves  that  every  curve 
is  the  segment  of  a  circle;  and  it  has  been  mathematically 
demonstrated,  that  even  in  instances  where  the  most  irre- 
gular diversity  of  outline  has  been  presented,  that  every 
curve  has  been  circular  and  none  elliptical.] 


54       LiP8CX>MBE,  James,  &  Co.,  93  Etgent  Street — 

Designers. 

Fountain;  the  basin  formed  of  cut  glass;  the  pedestal 
of  Carrara  marble;  inside  of  the  basin,  on  marble  rock- 
work,  is  a  Cupid,  made  of  biscuit  china,  supporting  a 
marble  cup. 

Filtering  machine  (arabesque  pattern). 


55    LocKETT,  Q.,  Bleak  Hiil,  Colbridge, 

Manufiu^urer. 
^  Various  specimens  of  ware  ezhibitiiig  saoiplai  of  hand, 
kiln,  and  enamel  colours. 


56    DuDSOir,  J.,  ffope  Street,  SheUon,  Staffdnbkirw— 

Manufacturer. 
Ornamental  china  figures. 


57    Emebt,  F.,  Colbridge,  6^/a/ordsAir»— ICanufMSturer. 
Colours  for  painting  on  glass  and  china. 


58      MabsH,  J.,  Lonffport,  Staffordthire—MiMilw 

and  Designer. 
Wine-cooler  and  bust  in  terra-cotta. 


59      Lettch  &  Hammond,  11  Mortimer  Ternux, 
Kentish  Tuvcn — Manufacturers. 
Registered  respirator  smoking-pipe. 


60        Hughes,  T.,  iun.,  Colbridge,  Staffordthire — 

Modeller  and  Designer. 
Bust  of  Rev.  John  Wesley,  in  ~ 


FURNITURE,    UPHOLSTERY,   PAPER   HANGINGS,   PAPIER   MACHfi, 
AND   JAPANNED    GOODS. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Tas  ol^ecli  contemplated  hy  the  present  CUbs  aic  such  as  )iertain  to  decortitiTe  and  domestic  uses  in  the  form 
of  ftuniture  exclunvely  of  this  description.  All  those  articleB  for  which  the  wants  or  luxuries  of  mankind 
luiTe  created  a  demand  are  represeDted  in  this  Class,  and  a  lively  picture  of  the  d^^co  of  social  and  domestio 
refinement  attained  in  our  i^^e,  and  atao,  in  fact,  oF  the  application  of  art  to  ordinair  objects,  is  thus  presented 
tu  view.  The  Cloaa  is  a  lan;e  one  in  regard  to  tho  number  of  its  Exhibitors,  and  also  to  the  space  occupied  in 
the  ExhiUtioD  Building'  ITic  articles  exhibited  present  evidences  of  a  large  expenditure  of  time  and  money, 
and  many  of  the  decorative  objects  appear  better  to  become  the  apartmeuts  of  a  palace  than  those  of  persons 
in  the  ordinary  walks  of  life. 

The  Claaa  is  thus  subdivided : — A.  Decoration  generally,  including  Ecclesiastical  Decoration ;  B.  Furniture 
and  Upholstery ;  C.  Paper-hangings ;  D.  Pajiier  machd,  Japanned  Goods,  Pearl,  and  Tortoiseshell  work. 

In  the  Building,  articles  belonging  to  this  CIobb  will  be  I'ound  arranged  in  Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25,  and  L.  to 
O.  21  to  24.  These  Areas  will  be  readily  found  on  the  South  side  of  the  Eastern  Nave,  midway  between  the 
TiSRsept  and  the  Western  Entrance.  Several  specimens  of  furniture  are  exhibited  among  the  objects  in  the 
Fine  Art  Court.  The  immense  mirrors  in  the  Avenue,  which  may  be  considered,  when  mounted  in  decorated 
frames,  as  bclongin|{  to  this  Class,  occupy  a  prominent  position,  which  must  render  them  appieciable  to  every 
Tinter.  Other  articles,  such  as  a  Corinlhian  capital  in  papier  machc,  a  pianoforte,  and  a  table  in  the  sama 
material,  are  likewise  placccl  in  the  Western  Main  Avenue,  The  paper-liauKiiiiis  ore  placed  on  the  wall  at  the 
North-east  comer  of  the  Building,  on  the  (Jround  Floor,  and  in  the  Gallery  alove.  The  wall  decorations, 
imititioQ  marbles  and  woods,  blimla,  &c.,  arc  jilnccil  against  tlic  princiiial  walls  and  ptrtitions  of  the  Building 
at  the  South  side,  Kiist  and  West  ends,  North-east  comer,  and  in  the  Locomotive  Avenue.  In  the  Court, 
called  the  Medi.t'val  Court,  arc  also  a  collection  of  articles  included  in  this  Class. 

The  nuniber  of  different  localities  pruducin);  such  articles  as  are  comprised  within  this  Class  is,  as  might  be 
expected,  very  considerable,  althougb  a  large  proportion,  from  causes  readily  intelligible,  is  derived  from  the 
Metropolis.  The  iirodiiction  of  must  of  tlie  objects  of  furniture,  presenting  few  mechouleal  dlBiculties,  and 
U-ing  imiversjiUy  felt  to  lie  necessary,  is  carrimi  on  in  almost  every  locality  in  this  kingdom.  But  sonic  of 
iii<-9e  articles  which  relate  to  decoration,  as  |ia[>er-hangiugB,  arc  generally  made  in  the  larger  manufacturing 
towns  only.  Of  late,  Manchester  has  jiruduccil  a  large  numlier  of  papcr-haiiginjn,  printeil  by  machinery ;  in 
tlic  Mctro]")lis,  a  higher  but  more  expensive  class  of  {eper-hanging  is  made  |mncipolly  by  hand,  or,  in  other 
terms,  by  Muck-jirinting.  I'hc  maimlucturc  of  jiapicr  mach^  is  carried  on  to  a  very  large  extent  at  Bir- 
Diin-^ham,  where  cxteiiHivo  factories  have  been  erected,  which  arc  devoted  solely  to  the  [iroductiun  of  u 
variety  of  objects  In  this  useful  material.  The  manufacture  is  also  carried  on  at  Wulvcrliamiitcn  and  in  the 
Metropolis. 

The  amount  of  ingenuity,  of  contrivance,  and  arrangement,  which  has  been  expended  uifni  furniture,  is 
■caroely  conceivable,  and  it  has  been  applied  to  the  most  common  ohjccts  of  domestic  utility.  Tables,  couches, 
cluiirs,  &c.,  have  all  rccclveil  a  share  of  tliis  kind  of  attention;  and  those  inijirovcments  in  their  adatitntiun  to 
iise,  which  have  been  considered  worthy  of  more  extensive  introduction,  are  illustraled  in  difTerent  directions. 
Many  si>ecimens  of  furniture,  fonued  out  of  tiinlier  of  extreme  antiquity,  are  exhibited.  Furniture  Is,  also, 
'its  application  to  such  purposes — as  timber  from  New  Zealand,  *c. 
[logaiiy,  walnut,  oak,  and  other  wooils,  are  ailiuiriibly  illustrated  in 


shown,  tbe  material  of  which 

The  beautiful  varieties  of  veining  in  n 

different  pieces  of  furniture  exhibited. 

'ibiss  has  lately  lieen  applied  nltb  s 
nndcr  surface  is  iminled  with  the  coluui 
A  variety  of  iin|wr-luni!ing«  i.f  dJlleR'ii 
Tlic  popier  ro.icb6  articles  urc  cxt 

Tlie  anpcarancc  of  the 
kkill  and  taste  of  the  manufacture 
for  whose  use  the  greater  majority  i>l'  the  articles  exhibited 


nd  of  dec.  II 


niely  leautiful,  a 
'1:iSK  In 'Speaks  a  bi^li  de£ 


of  marble  for  the  pur[>06cs  of  decoration.  The 
iiid  tlie  etVect  si'cn  fMui  al«tvu  is  iLut  diwiimilar. 
tions  iipjihed  to  ajKirlmenls,  are  also  exhibited, 
ta'umer  in  which  they  are  inlaid  with  jiearl  is 


of  natioait  pr>jB]ii'rilv . 
rtly  the  wealth  aii.l  >h 
re  uiiiiucstiunably  inle 


I,  uliile  disjilaying  tl 
ic  ri'tinenitut  of  then 
— H.  E. 


CLiBS  26.— rUBNITURE,  DPHOLSTEBY,  PAPEH  HANGIHGS, 
Abkas  I.  J.  19  to  26 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


1  Thobn  a  Co.,  98  A'CK  Baaii  Street — Designers 

and  HanuStcturen. 

Gutta  peroha  nunufacturea: — Deoorations;  girandole  l 
VoHouq  Bpeciinens  and  pattenu  of  tramei,  braokeU, 
tnouldiiigs,  &c.,  gilt. 

2  Wallace  Elizabeth,  4  RfibcK  Place,  Fitiroy  Square 

— iDTBntor, 
Blaba  of  glaes,  la  imitate  variouH  kinds  of  marble,  as 
SiBuna,  Egj^tian  green,  rod  mona,  Bordilla,  verde- 
antique,  jaapurs,  parphyriea,  serpeDtiaeB^  Ac,  appliqable 
to  wiiila  of  dlniug-roome,  dnkwing^rooina,  &c. ;  plain  and 
paaalled  on  ceilings,    i,c.,   as    pilasters,    and    culuniDs, 


eaths  of  roaes,  showing  tlie  appli 
matorml  to  the  formation  of  pillarB,  &c.  Tomb 
of  glass,  representing  miu-ble,  showing  its  durability  and 
permanent  beauty  in  exposed  aituatioua,  such  as  ceme- 
teries, kc,  Picturo  Irames  and  looking-glsas  frames, 
composed  of  a  aurfaoo  of  glass,  by  which  the  metal,  or 
other  material  beneath  the  glass,  is  protected  from  the 
action  of  the  atmosphere.  Articles  of  fiirmture,  in  whioh 
glass  subjected  lo  this  process  is  the  principal  feature. 

Whou  properly  backed  up,  glass  obtuna  all  the  solidity 
o-f  stone,  and  in  case  of  accident  is  more  readily  reatoi-ed 
by  the  patent  process. 

2a        TowHiaENi),  J.  E.,  J/ijh  Street.  Cmnbencetl 
— Inventor  aud  Maiiufacturor. 
Bedsteads  for  invalids,  c^nkbltt  of  being  converted  into 
an  arm-chair,  with  wush-Btiuid,  table,  and  reading-desk. 

3       Melvilix,  Jobn,  Gl  Jvkn  Street,  FiUrity  Square 


4-      BotBonoRES,  W.,  ft  Watts,  F.,  19  SuAo  S/uarc — 
Designera,  Manufacturfrs,  and  Proprietors. 
Full-sized  billiard  table  and  marking  board,  of  broon 
English  oak,  in  the  Elizabethan  style. 

5  Jackbos  &  Sons,  4!)  uiul  30  Rathione  Phot— 

Designers  aud  MauufacturerB. 
Works  in  carton-pierre,  papier  msch^,  and  composition, 
for  dscoratioa  and  fumitura.  Comportment  of  decoration, 
in  carton-pierrc,  in  high  relief,  for  a  large  saloon.  Cary- 
atids figure,  with  ontablatum  over.  String  course  of 
dolphins,  bulrush,  &c.  Largo  entablature,  pilaster,  and 
oonoole.  Large  coiling  flowers,  of  varied  designs.  Chonde- 
lior,  adapted  to  gas  or  candles.     Bracket,  with  group  of 


lights,  to  attach  to  walls.     French  door  omAuumu,  in 
composition,  lo  style  of  Louis  XIV. 

Conaoio  table,  with  boy,  fte.,  in  carton-inCTTe.     Tw» 
groups  of  birds.  Alto-relievo  groupa,  wild  ducks  and  otw 
hunt  iu  the  same.     Writing  caaa,  p^ner  niachtf  cortn- 
Book  covers  in  papier  mach^,    Pilaatar  SDiichment  aoA^ 
other  specimens.     Thermometar  case,  sxaoutad  in  com — 
position.    Qroup  of  boya  carrying  lighti.      EUaabetlwl^ 
peudentive  ceiling,   ei:ecut«d   in  oattoD-piaTTO.      Papu^H 
ntach^  enrichmenta.     Centre  table,  dolphina,  Ac.     Bo^^ 
with  lily  lightu,  in  carton-pierre  and  p^iar  mAoU. 

6    Whitb  Jt  PABiaT,  4  RatlAme  Plaet — Dcadgnan  and 
Haouewtoren. 

Model  of  a  room,  in  compodtion  ontantent,  ■■  pr^araaf 
for  tlie  gilder,  painter,  and  uphobterer:  iocluding  outlin* 
of  design  for  cai-pet. 

Ladies'  work-tebte,  in  compodtion  oraamsnt,  withilidt 
and  folding  front,  as  prrpared  for  the  gilds  and  up- 
holsterer. The  same  design  as  applicable  to  a  writiDg- 
teble,  using  the  angle  boxes  for  inkstandi,  wafian,  tc, 
or,  if  required,  us  a  work-table. 

T  Btruaj-i.,   O.  H-,  9  Vori  Tenvee,  Quem't  Boad, 

Hortiaeij  Bvad,  HoUaaag — Inventor. 
Telescopic  lounge,  formiog  a  mbatitate  for  Uie  aob 
bedstead  ;  uuido  by  J.  Bubery,   1   Qoldimith'a  Plan, 
HatLney  Rood.     

8         RiiMiE,  Hehjajiin,  M.D.,  /^(ne^— Inventor. 
Invalid  bed-corrli^,  for  spinal  and  other  « 


Tatu)*  k  SoNB,  167  Great  Poeer  Street,  SdulAiiHirli— 
Designers  and  Hanufacturers. 
Furniture  for  a  steam-ship  or  yacht's  cabm,  on  a  new 
and  condensed  form  (sea  the  annexed  engraving). 

A,  walnut-wood  couch,  forming  a  bed  when  requimf, 
stuffed  with  the  exhibitoni'  |ratent  coil  fibre,  to  make  it 

ant  wUeu  placed  in  the  water.  Kiich  port  being 
I  jurtabla,  is  immediately  convertible  into  a  floating 
life-preserver;  aud  Uie  whole  forms  a  floating  surface  ut 
5U  feeH,  or  life-raft,  in  the  case  of  danger  at  sea. 

B,  walnut-wood  cabinet,  forming  a  self-acting  wash- 
ing-stand, and  containing  requiaitea  toi  the  dreaaing-rooui 
and  toilette. 

C,  walnut-wood  cabinet,  a«  a  Davenport,  forming  a 
patent  portable  water-closet. 

Model  of  a  balancing  table,  for  wine,  tea,  soup,  or  any 
fluid  re^iuiring  to  be  kept  horiwintally  on  board  ship. 


A  volna  folding  chair,  and  revolving  back  American  seat. 

A  cork  mattrMB,  bolator,  pillow,  and  cuahioo,  each  of 
which  ia  a  life-buoy. 

tilab  of  artificial  tnorlilo  of  baked  and  polished  clay;  con 
be  adapted  for  pavements,  walls  of  halls,  lining  of  baths, 
table-toj»,  truaaat,  capitahi,  or  comioea,  ftc. 


10        JoBHSTONift  jRANEa,  tT  Xe<B  Boitd  Strtct — 

Manufacturen. 

I.  A   sideboard    of  mahogany,    in   the    Italian    style; 

each  pedestal  consists  of  an  infant  Bacchus,  with  aocnui- 

'"        ^'  ''     ■  ■      Ith  foliage,  graiioR.  hopn.  &■-.; 

mnga  ■       ■      -         ■  •       ■       ■  "■ 


PAPIER  MACHfl,  AND  JAPANKED  GOODS. 
Abias  I.  J.  19  TO  26 ;  L.  TO  0.  21  to  24. 


nob«,  ind  cnricbod  with  KppnrptMit  Toliage.  The 
PMt  IS  i«pT««eDta  thii  sidaboavd. 

t.  A  patent  circulu'  dming-tabla,  made  on  a  slmpU 
pnndpla,  to  expand  bom  a  amall  to  ■  iHge  lise,  without 
Ika  ui]  af  spriiiK  of  batening,  in  taahogany;  the  itaod 
amd  in  the  It^iau 


of  which  i 


JebaMooe  fc  Janc^  BipudiBi  CiRalu  DlB(a|  TMle. 

3.  A  FKtent  expanding  plateau  for  the  dining-table,  in 

m\nr  jiliite,  made  with  revolting  arms  to  carry  round  the 


dessert  and  wine;  a  massive  candelabrum  fonninff  the 
centra   ornament ;   the    whole    ornamented    in   foliage, 
birds,  ftc.     This  plateau  is  represented  in  the  Plate  42. 
i.  A  carved  libnr;  chair,  in  walnut  tree,  oov«rad  in 


1 1  SiEBZ,  A.,  5  Denmark  Strett,  Soio — HBonfocturer. 

A.  carved  flower  vase,  made  of  th«  wood  and  metal  of 
the  Ko;^  Oeocge. 

13      Eakp,  BDW.1BD,  15  Chattr  nrraoe,  ChtOar  Square — 

Manufacturer. 

Omtuneatal  rustic  oak  chair.  Hiniaturech^  and  stool. 


14  RiDDL^  Thomas,  M  Wellt  Strtet,  OxfcrdStr^— 

Haoufkcturer. 
Invalid  wash-stand,  of  hl^iIs,  for  persous  confined  to 
bed,  forming  a  small  table  or  stand;   ma;  be  used  in  the 
ordinary  way  by  attaching  the  long  turned  legs. 

15  Biowii,  J.  M.  ft  T.,  185  Piceadfflj— Invmrtor. 
Patented  suspensoiy  ch^,  forming  a  conch  or  camp 

bed.    Adapting  itself  to  every  movement  of  the  body  ; 

fitting  closely  the  back  and  loins,  and  ^ving  great  sup- 
port and  rest  to  invalids,  or  peraons  afflicted  with  spinal 
complaints  ;  it  is  also  of  essential  service  to  the  milltai; 
profaaaion,  from  its  portsbilit;  and  several  uses. 


DlxCEB,  TaONAB,  14  Satitburi/  Plate,  Sea  Road — 
Inventor. 
Self-swinging  cot,  or  cradle  for  in&nta  (or  invaUds]. 


Self-swrngmg  cot,  or  era 
Uodel  of  a  flre-escape. 


17        ThIIMTOH  ft  Co.,  CatheriTie  Street,  Stntitd — 
Deaignen  and  Manofkcturers. 

Slate-top  billiard-table,  with  patent  cushions,  made  of 
Spanish  mahogany,  on  eight  massive  legs,  whioh,  together 
with  the  frame  and  panels,  are  carved  and  perfoimted  in 
the  styles  of  Elizabeth  and  Frands  I.  This  table  is  repre- 
sented in  the  following  engraving. 

Marking-board  and  cue-rack  en  tmte. 


BuJTT,  Ehtheh,   Wcllc^itnu;  netir  Stratfv 

Aim — ^Deeigner. 

Harleiiiim  ehinti  cushinns  stuffed  with  hair :  design, 

"  EnRbuid's  chnicBHt  flowers," 

SaucSH  of  variouii  kinds,  for  game,  meat,  and  made 

19  WtnkeA  Lvmsden,  .TOAVk;  Slrrrt,  MnncheiteT  Square 
— Man  ufacturera. 

rart«i  onk  chimney-piece,  for  the  (Imwing-room  at 
Kiithin  caiitlr.  dpKiKncl  by  Henry  Clutlim,  Kin].,  architect. 

I'arvi-.!  oak  altar  chair.  cotiti^I  with  criinpon  velvet, 
and  riiil.rnidcrwl  with  Kipld.  fur  St.  UartliolotuBw'a  church, 
Wi.'khaui ;  the  gift  of  Him  U-ifjh.  iKuiignud  by  Ewim 
Chriiti^ui,  Esq.,  on-hitii-t. 


20  TATTI-r,  J.,  r.,'-frh'i~i\.^\-aQranA  ManufMtur* 
KliMilHlhan  woshxtjind.    N'l'wpntt.t'm  waKh-himd  st 
of  Knglish  oak,  omamantalty  turned  and  carved. 


21         TbbGutta  Pebcba  Companv,  18  Whlrf  Roalf, 
Cit<i  Aau/— I>atentoe. 
Table  and  pier  glass  in  giitta  porcha  ornament,  in  thi 
natunil  colour. 


22  Hdtchibon,  Edndn-d,  //b;S  Wucombe, 

lliickitiijha'aihire — Prnd  iicer. 

Antique  arm  chair,  of  oak,   with  carved  oi 

coTTOd  pillan,  stuffed  silk  velvet  sent  and  arms. 

carved  work  executed  by  Eil round  Hutchison,  ji 


LovKuRoVB.  il.,  jiin.,  f-liKiQh,  Mar 


Portnhle  cipnnding  cliai 
By  moving  thi<  thiinibiicreii  m  mu  rmr,tv,  n  in  mm- 
Miv  suitnhic  height;  by  moving  the  other  screw,  it  is  n 
to 'fold  up  altii^her. 

rortal)le  nofa  choir,  of  cano  and  cherry-tree  wood. 

PortAbls  chair,  of  Euglisb  oak. 


732 


Class  26.— FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  26 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


L 


USITEP 


24  FiXET,  J.,  Tenterden,  Kent — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Bed-poet,  specimen  of  spiral  turning  with  a  common 
lathe  and  sliding  apparatus.     Invented  by  the  exhibitor. 


25  Orubb,  F.  C,  Banbury — ^Manufacturer. 

Carved  bread  platters  for  the  dining-table.  Ladies' 
work-table,  with  portable  needlework  fimae  of  English 
walnut,  the  inside  of  sycamore. 


26        Stabkey,  Thomas,  Farthingoe,  near  Banbury — 

Manu&cturer. 
Table,  convertible  into  a  bedstead,  wardrobe,  bed  table, 
suite  of  drawers,  seat,  closet,  and  a  sponge  bath.    Curious 
tables  as  specimens  of  British  woods. 


27      Everest,  John,  Tunbridge,  JTimf—Manufacturer. 

Patent  ottoman,  convertible  into  a  chair,  with  com- 
mode enclosed.  Invented  and  patented  by  Everest  and 
Osborne,  Timbridge,  Kent. 


28  Rose,  Elizabeth,  Oxford — Producer. 

Screen  embossed  on  both  sides,  convertible  into  a  chess 
table.  

29  Shacklock,  O.,  Bohover,  near  Chesterfield,  Derbyshire 

— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Carved  chair  of  native  oak,  illustrating  by  a  series  of 
heraldic  devices  the  descent  of  the  present  Royal  family 
of  England  from  their    Saxon  and  Norman  ancestors, 
commencing  with  the  arms  of  Edward  the  Confessor. 


30       Lyon,  W.,  Marlborough,  Wiltshire— Producer. 

Iron  compressed  bedstead. 

Compressed  chairs  and  table. 

Agricultural  machine,  constructed  to  plough,  sow, 
manure,  and  roll  the  land  in  succession. 

Stove,  to  bake,  roast,  boil,  broil,  fry,  heat  plates,  &c., 
all  at  the  same  time. 


31  Geajle,  Thomas,  Sherborne,  Dorset — ^Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Model  of  an  extending  dining-table,  on  {m  improved 
principle. 

32  HoRNE,  Robert,  41  Oracechurch  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Registered  drawing-room  decoration.    Oak  decoration 
for  a  dining-room  or  library.    Samples  of  dark  knotted 
oak,   pollard  oak,   maple,    and    satinwood,    for  paper- 
hangings. 

33  Foster,  George,  East  Retford,  Nottinghamshire — 

Designer  and  Painter. 
Panel  for  wall  decoration,  painted  in  encaustic.     Panel 
in  imitation  of  inlaid  wood,  for  doors  of  drawing-rooms 
and  decorated  apartments. 

34  Hudson,  John,  East  Retford,  Notts — Proprietor. 

Rustic  chair,  designed  and  made  by  William  Marsh,  of 
Retford,  of  knots  of  wood  taken  from  trees  grown  in 
Sherwood  forest. 


35        Lambert,  S.,  East  Retford,  Nottinghamshire — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Mahogany  easy  chair,  with  new  and  simple  mode  of 
adjustment. 

37    Fisher,  James  Whiting,  Calvert  Street,  Norwich — 

Manufacturer. 
Loo -table,  in  veneer,  of  EInglish  growth,  viz.,  walnut- 
tree  curls,  and  intersected  with  laburnum  tree,  star,  in 
centre,  and  border.     It  can  be  taken  to  pieces,  ready  for 
/Mcking  in  case,  in  a  few  minutes. 


37a  Gushlow,  Thomas,  34  Newman  Street,  Oxford  Street 

— ^Manufacturer. 
Specimens  on  slate,  in  imitation  of  china,  adapted  for 
table-tops.    Tea-trays  of  every  description,  in  iron,  papisr 
mach^,  and  other  materials. 


38       Freeman,  William  &  Charles,  London  Street, 
Norwich — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

An    ornamental    cabinet,    secretary,    and    bookcase, 
carved  in  walnut  wood  and  ebony. 

The  design  of  this  cabinet  is  mixed,  and  combines  a^ 
variety  of  figures — griffins,  cherubim,  &o. 

It  is  represented  in  Plate  98. 


39       PuxLEY,  William,  .yanric*— Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 

Ornamental  flower^table,  slate  top,   Ulustnted 
painted  views  of  Norwich;  carved  maple,  and  knott^tj^ 
oak-wood   border,    decorated    composite    pedestal    a^^^ 
claws;  with  a  dial   affixed  (detaoied  lerer),  showi^^ 
the  time  on  the  top  of  the  table. 


40       FoNinsREAi;,  Kate  G.,  Ipswich — Inyentor  and 

Designer. 

Octagon  box,  in  imitation  of  inlaid  wood,  applicable 
to  pianofortes,  &c. 


41       Hanburt,  Louisa  Exilt,  Ipawioh — ^Designer. 

Slab,  in  imitation  of  marble,  supported  by  carving  in 
wood,  representing  a  globe,  surmounted  by  the  Prince  of 
Wales's  coronet,  mscribed  with  the  motto  "  Idi  dieo.** 
Produced  by  rubbing  painters'  brushes  on  a  piece  of 
board,  after  ordinary  use  for  a  twelvemonth,  and  then 
making  a  level  surnoe  with  pmnicewrtone;  and  finishing 
with  a  coat  of  varnish. 


42  RiNGHAM,  H.,  Oar  Street,  Ipswich — Manufiactorer. 
Rood  screen,  carved  in  oak  for  a  church  in  Surrey. 

The  design  by  Joseph  Clarke,  Esq.,  architect,  13  Strat- 
ford Place,  Oxford  Street,  London. 

Oroup  of  wheat  and  poppies,  carved  in  lime-wood.    A 
study  from  nature. 

43  Whyte,  W.,  Banffshire— Vrodueer. 
Table  and  work-table. 


44  Bates,  Thomas  Horrod,  St,  Alban$,  Hertt— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Rustic  loo  table,  supported  bj  four  pillara,  the  top 
showing  two  crowns,  the  letters  V.  B.,  the  borough  arms 
of  St.  Albans,  &c.,  composed  of  upwards  of  four  thousand 
pieces  of  English  wood— oak,  maple,  hasel,  willow,  and 
crab. 

45  Abbott,  J.,  Horse  and  Oroom,  Crouch  Street, 

Colchester —  Producer. 

Inlaid  pentagon  table.    Inlaid  table  with  carved  pedes- 
tal, the  sole  work  of  the  exhibitor,  by  trade  a  blacksmith. 


46 


Cheek,  William,  Saffron  Walden, 
Designer  and  Maker. 

Ebony  cabinet  inlaid  with  ivory,  a  repositoiy  for  small 
curiosities,  as  coins,  medals,  and  jewels,  forming  a  cmtnJ 
piece  of  furniture  with  six  fSEb^ades  or  fronts,  viroe  with 
open  drawers,  and  three  inclosed  with  doors,  each  division 
being  separated  by  column  and  pilasters.  The  plan  is 
an  intersection  of  ovals,  convex  and  concave,  with  mowers 
between  each  pedestal. 

Ebony  cabinets,  inlaid  with  ivory,  of  hexagonal  shape, 
showing  front  on  its  six  sides,  with  rising  dome  for  secret 
partition. 

48  Garthwaite,  W.,  Darlington— Vroduoer, 

Imitations  of  various  woods,  in  painting. 


■^ 


it 


i 


nil 


PAPIER  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
ABEA9  I.  J.  19  TO  25 ;  L.  TO  0.  21  to  24. 


IDMRT,  Qboboe,  Hylf,  /afe  of  Wight — Inventor 

ind  HumfKcturer. 
it  rcailiiig-table,  by  wbioh  nn  invalid  in  n  recuro- 
store  call  rMil  with  u  muah  fiioilitj  as  whea  ait- 
.  Tornu  bIih)  a  mumc-Btand,  table,  or  screen. 

Ti,K»,  HeNBT,  31  Brand  SIrcii,  Bnth — Deaigner 

&ad  Muiufacturer. 
In^iiib  pnlUrd-mk  table,  nipported  by  four  dol- 
ntwined  with  foliage  of  oak,  and  omameDted  witli 

other  English  devices ;  in  tbe  centre  of  the  top  lA 
Iain  star,  with  Prince  of  Walea'a  pliime,  garter, 
be  china  mouiifactiired  b;  Heeera.  Cbamberlain  & 

Worcester. 

ish  walnut-tree  aasf  chair,  with  porcclun  pnnol  in 
k,  round  which  in  carved  the  roes,  nbamrock,  and 
surmounted  by  a  lion,  and  ornamented  witb 
■trie.   The  seat  of  crimson  satin,  embroiderod  witb 


a  Uia  back,  ornamented  with  marquetne,   wliite 
Bat,    embroidered   with    the  rose,   Hhamrock,  and 


UMUH,  Walter.  60  Middle  Street,  BrigUm 

Inventor. 
>I  of  a  circular  roller-blind  of  improved  coni 


Sn,  E.,  Uount  Fphraim,  ToHbriilge  Wtlla— 

Uiuiu&u:turer. 
M  table;  a  mcnjc  of  I  lO.SOO  pieces,  composed  of 
lowing  wooda  in  their  natural  colours:  English — 
■J,  acacia,  oak,  laburnum,  sycamore,  walnut. 
holly,  grey  holly,  laurel,  and  oik  and  birch  in  a 
if  partial  decay  ;  Foreign — tulip,  bar,  nstunl 
b««f,  cocuB,  black  ebony,  green  ebony,  Hadsgaa* 
tin,  eaaary,  fustic,   omnga,  partridge,  and   roBe- 


..  t,  and  oak  and  birch  in  a  state 
tial  decay;  Foreign— tulip,  king,  black  ebony, 
tbony,  palmyra,  partridge,  prince's,  canary.  Botany 
k,  beef,  fustic,  orange,  zebm.  cam.  bar,  and  natu- 
rple.  Deeign^  binb  (North  American),  gmsheak 
Itimora  oriole. 

[-stand,  witb  drawer.  Designs; — Butterfly,  nativp 
iea  and  India,  name  /ji/rnu  Inappr — -a  monsic  of 
inecenof  Rngltsh  and  foreign  woods  in  their  natu- 
>Mr»;  and  butterfly,  native  of  Amboyna,  name  I'n- 
Jiann — a  moeuc  of  12,000  pieces  of  Eiaglish  and 
wood*  in  their  natural  colours. 
k-boi ;  tbe  centre  is  a  moBdic  <i(  1  j.r'OO  pieces  nt 
1  and  foreign  woods  in  their  natural  colours,  and 
nts  a  portion  of  the  ruins  nf  Bnybani  Ablicy,  near 
dge  Well*,  tbe  property  of  thii  Marquis  Cauideu. 

Ualdu,  Jobn,  *  Jitmn  Str/rl,  /JdM— Designer 

and  Monufiirturer. 
liar  TVToIring  dining-tuble,  of  wilIuuI,  with  pnrt- 
leep-flape  ;  the  centrtpart  revolves,  while  the  out- 
rtion,  or  Saps,  remain  etationar]'. 


tfouTALL,  Mm,,  HiTiitrortA  /Till,  Bri"lf,jnt~- 

Producer. 
ip  of  Bowers  pninteil  on  iniirble  in  gilt  fmmc. 


KOLBH,  EDXt'NO  Fiiscw,  ftitA— Designer  and 

Uanufiicturor. 
•lal   cabinets,    compoaod    of   ehooy   and    various 
niublta,   relieved  with  gilded  mouldings.     The 
of  tlM  dnwen  of  Florentine  mosnic. 


Ebony  brocket- sconces  for  liglits,  relieved  with  gilding 
and  malachite. 

Suspending  cabinet,  made  of  English  oak  enriched 
with  carving  and  gilding. 

Cabinet  nest  of  drawen,  of  English  onk  and  ebony. 

Consols  table,   the  stand  modelled  from  an  original 

59  PiLMEB,  Uenht.  5  and  6  J.m<-  Street,  Bath- 
Degiguer  and  Honufaoturer. 
R^stered  loo-table  in  walnut  wood ;  the  slond  carved  in 
bold  relief,  in  the  Italian  style,  with  dancing  boya;  strength 
and  lightness  of  outline  are  combined.  Occasional  table, 
Fn  mite.  Sideboard,  ID  English  dork  o«k,  carved  in  re- 
lief, in  tbe  Italian  style,  with  emblematical  representA- 
tions  of  the  four  seaaons,  Ac. 


62  Cl*bke,  4  Co.,  29  nVrf  etrrtt,  Nt<r  Road  End,  Leedt— 

Inventora. 

Covering;  for  the  walla  of  apartments.     It  in  made  upon 

the  wall,  and  preeents  the  np[ioBnuice  of  superflne  cloth. 

Its  surface  is  entirely  setunlBss,  whatever  be  the  sise  or 

shape  of  the  room. 

62a       Holland,  W.,  &  Sons,  Btnintd  Glaa  Worh, 
St,  JtihiCt,  Warwick — Manufncturers. 
Imitations  of  inhud  marbles,  in  wood  decorations  and 
table  tops. 

63  Ball,  TbeodosIa,  1  Biriag  place,  Ezeler-~ 

Dcngner  and  Executor. 
Cheval -screen,  ornamented  with  &  group  of  flowers  from 
nsture.  and  int«>ded  to  illustrate  a  new  style  of  working 
in  Berlin  wool. 

Inventor. 
Jour,  from  which 
needlework  of  various  colours  and  shailoi  can  lie  workeil. 
On  a  sheet  of  paper  are  glued  single  thrcails  of  wools, 
the  shades  of  each  colour,  in  rotation.  Tlin  coloiini  are 
lettered,  and  the  shades  numbered;  the  squares  in  the 
pattern  are  theu  filled  in  with  a  number  and  n  letter, 
according  to  the  particular  shade  of  colour  rer^uireil. 
New  pattern  for  diaaectiug  puzxte* ;   the  {licture*  in 


■iM— Producer, 
stylo  Frond*  I,, 


geometrical  figures. 

fi.'>    Tinm™,  W..  3  l(nrrmjl.m  Plncr. 
Carved  rigo  and  pollard  oak  cabin 
adapted  for  n  drnwing-ronm. 

fifi  StoPHER,  T,,  f-LrmniutJiam—Dri 

Monufitcturer. 
Reaiiing,  writing,  anri  dresaing  doikii. 


St.  .1. 

Reading-table,  with  elevating  top,  of  IlriliHli  oak,  of 
■uno  erowth. 

Calilnet,  also  of  .Stanton  onk,  combmoil  with  glas*  and 
or-m-ilu.  The  interior  B<Upte<l  for  |ia|iors.  ei -ins,  jewels, 
Ac.  The  work  of  two  deaf  anil  dumb  youths,  and  thn 
'imomental  part  corveil  by  a  [Mmon  similwly  circilln- 
stonced.  The  coating*  oTn  by  Hewmi.  Uanh,  of  Uuillej, 
StalTordshirs. 

Cabinet,  of  OifonUhiro  walniil,  with  similar  comlnns- 
ti'in  of  wood  and  glami. 

Lounj^ng-cboir.  of  Stanton  mk.   Thn  Wk  coo  lie  miivil 


CiM«  26.— FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANQINOS, 
AkbabI.  J.  19to25;  L,  to  0.21  to  24. 


69        HOCXBMSON,  J-,  15  King  Street,  Oxford—lateaioT 
md  Hanu^turer. 
UniTenity  t«l<Hcope  r<»diiig-table,OBpable  of  being  ad- 
justed to  any  hmght. 


Specimeiu  of  decorated  papier  macli£,  coaurtins  of 
kbles,  cabineta,  fire  and  hand  screenj,  albnniB,  writuig- 


panela  for  internal  deoontioiiB,  8e 
views  of  Oxford  and  its  neighboartiood.  Upward*  d 
too  subjects  are  introduced,  ooosiitiiig  princip^y  of  tht 
oolluges,  public  buildings,  oollege-walks  and  garden^ 
and  general  views  of  the  city. 

Specimeni  of  Utiiverait;  iokstaiid*. 

Aji  ornamental  fir««era«a  of  papiermaoU,  with  a  view 
in  Oiford,  the  Martyrt'  Uonument.  Hua  screen  is 
represented  in  tba  following  engraving. 


71    Hktwood,  HicaiMBOTTOita,  Smith,  ft  Co.,  Hyde 

Rood  TTwib,  MoHcheittr,  and  62  Wallaig  Street — 

Hanu&cturers. 
Spetnmena  of  regiitered  p^Mr-Hangiiigs,  tnanufacturad 
by  machinery,   in  wMcb  fourteen  cylmders  were  em- 
ployed; the  cylinders  employed  can  be  made  to  prodi 


72        Warneb,  H.  B.,  Stanton  Harcovri,  Wttmy— 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Roatic  table,  inlud  with  1851  pieces  of  ivy  wood. 


73  WOODNIN,  E 

Carpet  stniiier. 


,  O.,  Milhliam — Inventor. 


74    PoTTEK,  C.  H.,  &  E.,  Ovfr  Dancen,  Blocttira,  mi 
30  Bttdge  BoiB — Designers  and  ManiitactuiCTS. 
Patent  paper-ban^n^^  with  r^:ist«red  dengn*.    I^ 
this  invention,  upwards  of  tec  colours  are  produced  I7 
maohinery  and  blocks. 


75 


JoHHnoH  &  Co.,  Qwy  Street,  Brttlel—Vttigam 
and  Manufacturen. 
fbr  lath  and 


76     Sforiiieii,  C.,  Eriitol — Designer  and  ManufactoMr. 

Cabinet  chiSbnnitre  of  walout  wood,  carved  centre. 

A  vase  of  flowen,  of  pearl  inlaid  in  ebony,   the  ^kIs 
open  with  plata  glaaa. 


PAPIER  MACHR.  and  japanned  GOODS. 
ABEA8  I.  J .  li)  TO  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


Emj  diair,  with  self-kdjuiting  back  uid  leg-raat,  c 
TOvd  wiOx  ntin  dunaak. 
Mew-ih^wd  ottoman,  ipring  atuffed  id  brocatetle. 


78    JOSB,  ARTHtm  Jit.,  135  Step/ien't  Grten,  Dublin — 
Deugner  and  Monufactater. 

Series  of  Irish  bog-yew  decorative  furniture,  deeigned 
to  illnstiBte  the  histOTy,  antiquities,  anima!  and  vegetable 
productions,  ke.,  of  Ireland. 

Ko.  1,  a  cabriolet  sob,  with  chimerax  at  fn>nt  cnm- 


wwed  of  heni!  of  Irish  volf  and  hoof  of  the  giant  deer, 
{>oth  aninuds  now  Ditinct.  The  back  ■urmounted  Ii; 
war  troph;,  with  bodge  of  the  order  of  St.  Bitrick.  The 
pillows  ID  fonn  of  Bhamrock,  coTBred  in  Iriah  tabinet, 

No.  'i,  on  occoaionol  table,    the.  top    curvilinear   and 
moulded,  preaentiiig  a  fine  apecimen  of  the  delicate  and 


beautiful  figure,  clone  grain,  and  auaceptibility  of  high 
polish  of  the  bog-yew.  The  frame  and  ^lars  eUbarately 
carved  :  borda'  heads  at  four  camera.    The  centre  of  the 


and  claws  ( 

and  thirtle.    This  tabU 

the  timepiece  mentionec 


>e  pillars 
I,  ahaimiKk, 
a  reprs«enl«d  in  th»  out,  with 
a  No.  12,  placed  npan  It. 


V/^v 


Xo.  H,  a  circular  table,  eiliibitin([  a  ainiilar  fine  Hpeci- 
inen  of  the  wood,  aupnnrtcd  on  tripod,  decorated  with 
Irish  harp  and  crown,  fruit,  flowtrwork,  &c.  The  frame 
under  top  elaljorately  carved,  and  antique  moulding  on 
the  edge. 

Xo.  4,  a  teapoy:  tbie  aitjclc,  fonning  a  receptacle  for 
foreign  produce,  has  been  designed  to  represent  tlic 
ancient  commerce  of  Ireland:  accordingly,  a  figure  of 
Cummerce  La  placed  on  the  summit,  surrounded  by  the 
exports  of  Ireland.  Kmblcmntical  buatoe,  copied  from 
FUiman'*  figures  on  the  tvuth  front  of  the  Custom- 
house,  Dublin,  representing  the  four  dii-isions  of  the 
eulh.  embelhsh  the  four  cameni;  aod  behind  each,  nn 
the  lid  of  the  teapoy,  are  groupinRs  characteristic  of  the 
military,  scientific,  and  literary  genius  of  the  four  great 
diviaions  of  the  ancient  world.  The  intermediate  spnct'B 
contain  specimens  of  their  moat  remarkable  vegutiiblc 
nroductiona.  The  front  panel,  in  bos. relief,  represents 
hilmnia  inviting  Commerce  (symbolized  br  a  Tvrian 
merchant -galley)  to  the  shores  of  Ireland  :  she  is  seated 
brwMh  the  hsMilt  clifla  of  the  niant's  cnusen-av,— the 


(M.J 


lOrnriAi.  Ilu;si 


by  Thnnuw  Moore,  F.t"[..  furnish  three  scenes  to  enrich 
the  other  fronts.  The  support  of  this  teapoy  presents 
the  chase  of  the  giant  deer  by  wolf-dogs  :  the  nnimal 
appean  bounding  through  the  oak  foreet  and  suddenly 
entBngle<t  by  his  antlera — the  ii"gs  rushing  to  their  prey. 
The  cut  (p.  '.ii'i)  representfl  tiiis  teapoy. 

No,  5,  an  omnium,  cont*ining  three  plateaus,  on 
massive  and  carved  base  and  olawa,  from  which  rise 
two  end  standards,  formed  by  an  Irish  spear  entwined 
with  shamrocks;  a  tray  round  three  sides  of  top,  enriched 
by  open  fiilinge-u'ork  of  ivy,  arbutus,  yew-tree;  old  round 
oofltlea,  copied  from  eiisting  ruins,  connect  the  comers. 
Thin  omnium  i^  represente-i  in  the  cut  (p.  736),  sur- 
mounted by  Xo.  •';  a  BtBtnetle  of  Her  Majesty. 

Xo.  fi.  A  Rtfltuetle  of  Queen  Victoria  onuimenls  the 
top  of  the  former  article.      Her  Majosty  sits  on  a  clwir 


Clam  20.— FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTEBT,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
Aeeab  I.  J.  1!)  TO  25 ;  L.  to  O.  21  to  24. 


of  BtBto,  holdiiiK  a  sceptre  o!  peace  in  her  right  hand, 
uid  in  her  1^  ■  wreath  composed  of  rose,  Bham- 
rock,  and  thutle.  The  British  lion  supports  the  throDO 
on  the  right,  couchant  upon  the  izaperiaf  shield  ^  and  the 
Irish  wolf-dog  OD  the  corresponding  aide  looking  up  with 
attachment  to  the  (Jueen,  hii  fore-pnwB  resting  on  a 
heart-shaped,  shield  engraved  in  Inxli  choroctera,  CnshU 
Mivhi-te,  "  Vein  of  my  Heart."  A  canopy  composed  of 
the  aatlen  of  the  giant  deer,  with  treaaea  of  shamrock, 
Burmounta  the  chair. 

No.  T,  an  omnium  to  match  the  former  one. 

No,  8,  a  alatuetie  of  Brian  Boroighme,  "  Brian  Boru," 
monarch  of  Ireland,  aurmounta  tliia  article.  He  is  repre> 
■anted  un  the  victorioua  field  of  CloiitArf.  uith  hi»  battle- 
axe  in  hii  right  hand,  in  an  attitude  of  detianco,  and  in  the 
act  of  trampling  upon  the  broken  Danish  banner  and 
ensign.  The  monarch  app  san  in  the  appropriate  costume 
and  armour  of  hia  time  ;  the  wolf-dog  reposing  on  the 
shield  after  the  battle,  with  the  sim-bitnt  beaming  forth, 
emblematic  of  better  dnyg,  in  among  the  accessories. 

Ko,  9,  whist  table.  The  pillar  and  claira  carved  with 
roae,  ahamrock,  and  thiatle,  scrolla,  foliage.  Sic. 

No.  10,  loo  talile  to  match. 

No.  11,  lady'a  work  table,  lupparted  by  creat  and 
antlers  of  the  Iriah  giant  deer,  A  collar  of  sham- 
rocka  termLnatea  the  buat.  A  bouquet  of  Irish  wild 
floveri  enriches  the  front  of  the  pit.  The  top  displays 
the  variegated  and  beautiful  figure  of  the  Irish  bug- 
jew. 


No.  12,  a  table,  or  bracket-stand  for  timepiece.  Prom 
the  base  risea  an  oak  tree,  whose  bruichlns  foliage  foma 
the  receptacle  for  the  clock.  On  the  right  hand  is  ■ 
figure  of  Hibemia  leaning  with  One  baud  on  the  head  of 
the  wolf-dog,  and  from  the  other  dependa  a  KroU, 
inscribed  with  th«  national  motto,  K rin-go-hnvik,  m 
"  Ireland  forever."  On  the  left  hand  ia  a  figure  of  lima, 
with  expanded  wings,  and  whose  scjtbe,  made  of  Iriit 
silver,  lias  inscribed  on  the  blade,  in  Irish  gold  letten^ 
another  nntional  motto,  Fii}ii)h-ia-Baaghiaiih,  "  Clew  tbt 
Way."  The  block  on  which  it  rests  ia  conatrnotod  tbra 
barrel  or^tan  to  perform  six  old  Irish  ain,  and  rerte  npM 
winged  gl'ilfce,    emblematic  of  the  world  Itaelf  panig 


hands  of  Irish  silver;  the  hours  are  mariced  bj  IriA 
diamonds,  and  the  minutee  bv  Irish  pswla;  a  b— «itiM 
npocimen  of  Iriah  malachite  of  copper  tbmia  tba  «galn. 
The  clock,  and  the  blade  of  the  Scythe  at  '"H^*  «■« 
manufactured  by  Moaara.  West  and  Son,  goldmutla  aid 
„..     n..l,li..       Thi.  ■■?--  — 1---  (.  _. 


and  pole,  terminating  with  copy  of  an  ■  .   

spoar  head — the  original  in  Ki^  Irish  AimAuaft  Ma- 
seuui.  The  mount*  consist  of  chivolric  shielda  enriehai 
with  bustoa,  Bcrulla,  rose,  shamrock,  slid  thistle.  Hm 
looking-glass  ponela  form  the  field  on  which  is  aculptiirad 
in  demi-relie(  on  the  one,  the  attdent  Iiiili  kan,  er 


PAPIER  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Arras  t.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  O.  21  to  24. 


:ht-Bnn«d  wan 

ariH.   or  heaTy-nnn«d 

pieaentoil  in  tlic  nunii 


the  nnciont  amin  of  Ireland,  ui  given  on  the  authoritj  nf 
gir  William  Betluun,  Bart.,  nre  in  tiie  centre.  The  elt>i>nii 
or  th«  chiiir  Tonned  hj'  wolf  dog« — une  at  ease  and  rv- 
cuinbent,  with  the  motto  an  tiie  collar,  "  Ocntle  nhrii 
Btroked  ■"  the  other  irriUtud,  with  tho  counter  mott^i, 
"Fioroe  whan  provokol."  Tbia  chair  la  represented  in 
the  preceding  citt. 

No.  li).  aapecimon  clrawinj^-roomchair.  To  match  the 
above;  one  of  n  set  of  eight,  tlie  remaining  seven  being  in 
)irof;rce)i. 

No.  le,  a  Bemicirciilar,  or  horfeahoe  nine  table,  aiip- 
[lortod  b;  the  har|>  of  Brian  Ik^i  and  bacchimaliHU 
HtAnilarda,  The  screeti  iit  thu  back  omiuoenteil  by  mtjTH, 
gmpea,  and  foliage,  vaite^  of  fniit,  and  tho  hadgee  of  tbe 
three  |>Hiici]ia]  onlera  of  kni(;btbood,  the  Prince  of  WaleN' 
I'tutue  in  the  centre,  nud  the  St.  George  conepiciiniia 
iibove.  In  the  centre  of  the  icreeo  ia  an  hifltoric  Mulpliiro 
in  high  relief,  representing  the  puniahnient  of  iiih<>«]>i- 
tulity,  or  tho  abduction  of  the  youiig  St.  Lawrence,  heir 
of  Howth,  b;  Oranuwailo,  the  liiah  priDccHs,  on  her 
landing  at  Ho«-tb,  when  returning  to  Ireland  from  the 
Court  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  Orauuwaile  having  landed 
proceeded  to  the  caatle  for  refrtBhaieot,  when  the  gsteii 
were  cloned,  and  the  gate.fceoper  informed  har  the  family 
wore  at  diuner,  and  no  jierson  could  be  admitted.  Retir- 
ing in  diKgiiht  and  imtation,  and  proceeding  to  the  ahorc, 
Hhe  met  with  a  child  in  care  of  attemlaatfi,  who,  on  in- 
quiry, proved  to  be  the  young  heir  of  Hoivth  :  nhe  imme- 
diately ordered  her  attendants  to  seize  the  boy :  a  sturdy: 
snilor  conveys  him  to  the  boat  at  the  Btem  command  of 
Orannwaile;  tlie  female  atttadaota  are  in  grief  and  dia- 
may;  tho  young  heir  ia  conveyed  away  to  the  weet  of 
Ireland,  ajid  not  restored  for  fifteen  yean;  and  then  only 
on  condition  that  tho  galea  of  Howth  CaHtle  sliall  never 
be  closed  at  the  dinner  hour,  a  condition  which  is  fulfille-l 
to  this  day.  Tbe  scene  of  thia  remariiable  transaction  ia 
laid  at  the  old  landing-pUce  of  Howth.  tbe  spot  where  it 
actually  occurred,  and  the  point  of  view  selected,  is  where 
the  late  King.  OeorKC  IV.,  first  act  foot  on  Irish  ground- 
The  hill  of  Howth  forms  the  tmckgmuud ;  Lord  Howth'i 
caatle  being  to  the  right  of  the  njicctator.  Tlie  leadinK 
■  •hjwtn  on  the  acclii-ity  of  tho  hill,  and  the  iiiins  of  the 
ohl  abbey  church,  are  Hho»ii. 

Ntrutiliintt  out  to  thv  loft,  Ireland's  Bj-e, 


i  pictiireinii 
nittiirc.  Around  tlii«  p 
are  objects  in  keeping  v 
coml,  fishing  appamtiia.  «c. 

Prom  the  centre  of  the  screen,  projecta 
tory   coasler,  coiuposeil  of  rich  cluslera   oi  grajnii  an 
folinae,  and  tmversca  the  inner  >M)inicircle  of  the  tnbl. 
Arising  from  the  coaatiTs  are  tno  aerial  figiiren,  the  li ' 


\;ey  cliffs,  is  depictwl  from 
,  ri)rmiii);  a  Hoi-t  of  fruni-, 
uiriue  «coiierj',  idiell.work. 


tid   1 
1  pointing  I. 
,(  „.ilk  f..ilU 


support 


Innal  n 
Imudi-nl  thou 


t   Iri«li 
»  iiiBcrilicJ 


beli,:f  1 
nmir.1, 


an<'!i:nt  Irinh  cntertuiiuil  a  »trong  supenititioiw 
uirl  reverence  of  "  Kiiiries,"  or  "  Uood  I'tniilp," 
iuK  virtu™  anrl  viceii,  with  tln-ir  comsiponding 
iiuid  puni><hin<>iitii.  to  their  infliirncei  do  tluttevi'ry 
iHity,  whether  bail  or  rchmI,  reHulUol  fr^ni  tliiir 
itnii'iit.  Tlicy  arc  n'|>rem'iited  on  tbe  ciuwter  an 
•mm  tlii'ir  licwitrhtiig  [luwur  to  tempi  the  lovum  of 
pun'  hhxHl  of  Iho  giii|>u  "  to  exn'iil  due  bounitn. 
H  iM'iiiMl  of  llii'ir  progreHs  they  appear  in  celestial 
iiiirl  with  cn|>tivatint;  Hmilen;  but  having  accoui- 
1  thi'ir  pur[Kifo,  they  an-  cuimble  of  aaaiimilig  the 
ti.-iligii.-uit  and  liideoim  ani-ectx,  and  inllicting  dcnilly 


x 

■1  17    asaro 

opI^Ku- 

wini--r 

•ol,.r, 

r  ganl«-vi 

e,  -col, 

l.-n'the  fi 

ir  side* 

.rich'e. 

with  1"K. 

hniiidiiK 

>u»l 

»•  at  the  f 

with  frui 

,  f.dia>-< 

and 

appropriat 

emhlei 

u..'  A 

ligur. 

of  HiU-r 

ta  Ihe  top. 

with  tl 

of  wolf-dog.  haq 

Ac. 

The  top  1 

cr.nsln 

cl«i 

o  elev 

te  by  an 

in]>r<>v.- 

sli.1 

ng  stem  an 

spring 

atch. 

Thid  wine-coolu 

in  r.-pro 

ic  tenure,     T\i«  ani:vui\\.  Mw\  w\<A»T\i\\\Ai 


IS  2fi.— FURNlTimB,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPEIl  HANGINGS, 
AiiEAH  1.  ,T.  lil  Ti>  25  ;  U  to  O.  21  to  24. 


>'•  Irteh  Boa- 


being  pnmionatel;  fniid  of  muBic,  n  decorative  piece  of 
rnmitiire  embodpng  this  characterifltio  required  import- 
aace  and  promiQence;  and,  therefore,  the  ancient  palace 
of  Tare  is  Belected  bb  the  proper  theatre  in  which  to  di»' 
play  this  subject,  ita  halls  having  been  oelebratod  by  the 
ancient  Irish  poets  aa  the  scenes  of  music  aud  festivity. 
A  Matuette  of  OUamh  FouldU  (Ollav  Foils),  the  founder 
of  the  Irish  monarchy,  ui  also  of  the  palace  at  Tarn,  b.c. 
700,  naturally  sunnounta  the  temple.  Ho  is  represented, 
in  his  capacity  of  monnrch  and  lawgiver,  detireriitg  the 
laws  to  the  Irish  nation;  with  his  left  hand  be  points 
to  heaven  as  the  sourcj  of  his  authority  and  inspiratiou, 
while  in  hia  right  he  holds  forth  the  beechen  boards, 
OD  which  are  inscribed  pawagea  from  the  Brehon  taws, 
engraved  in  the  ancient  Irish  chuncter,  and  of  which  the 
following  ia  a  tramilation.  The  38th  section  of  the 
Brehon  laws: — 

"  Seven  things  boftr  witnosa  to  a  king's  improper  con- 
duct :^-An  unlawful  oppoBitioQ  in  the  aenatc;  an  over- 
straining of  the  law;  an  overthrow  io  battle;  a  dearth; 
barrenness  in  cows;  blight  ot  fruit;  blight  of  seed  in  the 
ground.  These  are  seven  candles  lighted  to  eipose  the 
miBgovomment  of  a  king." 

He  is  seated  on  the  lia  fail,  or  enchanted  stone,  now 
reputed  to  be  deposited  in  Westminster  Abbev :  he  sits 
in  the  centre  of  a  platform,  representing  all  Ireland, 
which  U  mapped  out  under  him,  the  cosHt-line  exhibiting 

Cminent  scenery  of  the  four  provinces.  The  panel  in 
It  reprenents  m  relief  the  opening  of  the  triennial 
convention  at  Tara  (see  Four  Masters,  page  297),  in  the 
reign  of  Cormac,  "  Uifada,"  or  "  Long  Beard,"  in  the 
early  part  ot  the  third  century  of  the  Christian  era,  and 
anterior  to  the  introduction  of  Christianity  into  the 
island.  Cormac  sits  in  the  centre  of  the  hall,  surrounded 
by  ten  principal  ofBcers  of  state,  who  always  a(.-companied 
the  monarch  '  '  *  '  .     .     ■. 


long,  crowded  with  the  august  assembly.  At  the  opcuinjie 
of  the  triennial  convention,  Cormac  is  making  a  fhni-t 
oration,  and  all  eyes  are  turned  to  him  in  nlent  sncl 
respectful  attention. 

The  opposite  panel  represents  the  harpen  in  Tan  Hall 
perfonmng  before  the  monarch  and  his  queen,  who  u^ 
seated  on  a  chair  of  state,  with  the  younx  princv  leaninct 
across  their  kneee ;  a  canopy  formed  by  tae  fossil  antltr* 
and  skull  of  the  giant  deer  supports  the  diwery ;  the  sud  - 
burst  is  embroidered  on  the  back ;  heralds  and  a  body- 
guard Hurrouod  the  king,  and  three  maids  of  honcnr 
stand  behind  the  qneen;  the  harpers  enthunastiolly 
strike  their  lyres;  an  opening  in  the  dr^>ery  discover* 
the  undulating  hills  of  Tam,  and  a  round  tower  appean 
in  the  distance ;  the  celebrated  chandelier  is  sufqwDcM 
in  the  hall,  and  a  miniature  decoration  of  musical  instru- 
ments omameuts  the  wall ;  the  medallion  portrait  at  tk 
right  end  of  the  temple  is  that  of  Onaoi,  playing  on  liii 
crowth,  the  first  musician  who  accompanied  the  sons  of 
Hilesjixii  to  Ireland;  the  portrait  on  Uie  left  is  Carolu. 
who  may  be  regarded  as  the  last  of  the  Irish  bards.  Hit 
portrait  is  a  copy,  by  permission,  from  an  original  inliir 
poftsosKion  of  Bir  Henry  Marsh,  Bart.,  and  which  i* 
allowed  to  be  a  correct  likeness;  both  Uiese  medallini* 
are  encircled  W  a  wreath  composed  of  oak,  arbutus,  iiil 
shnmrocks.  Tlie  statues  at  the  four  ooraers  are  persnu- 
ficatiooB  of  vocal  music,  as  it  appliee  to  war,  pastoral  111% 
the  drama,  and  devotion. 

The  staadards— the  one  emblematical  of  warfiwe,  tie 
other  of  pastoral  life  ;  the  one  preaants  a  knight  of 


ient  Irish  ft 


distinguished  by  hi*  long  robes  and  wand  or  staflT;  the 
chief  brohou,  or  judge,  with  his  book  of  the  law;  and  the 
chief  noble,  with  his  nword  of  state;  the  poet  and  the 
antiquary  on  the  left  of  the  monarch,  with  their  sorolls; 
the  state  physician,  with  his  rod  and  serpent  coiled;  the 
bard  or  minstrel,  with  his  harp;  and  three  stewards  of 
the  household,  with  wands,  in  the  roar.  The  five  pro- 
vincial kings,  with  their  heralds,  form  another  circle, 
viz.,  the  king  of  Leitister  in  front  of  the  throne;  the  king 
of  Ulster  on  the  ri^ht ;  two  kiiiipi  IFpper  and  T.ower 
Munfller — on  the  left ;  and  the  Iiins  of  Connaught  behind 
the  throne.  The  brehons,  dniiilica!  priests,  bards, 
princes,  and  various  other  estates  of  the  klngilom,  are 
grouped  in  their  appointed  and  respective  poaitions:  the 
arms  of  the  kings  aro  affixed  to  the  columns,  and  a  per- 
spective view  is  given  of  a  IwJl  50  feet  wide  and  -150  feet 


country  damsel  with  her  milk-pail,  and  an  lri<  , 
well-littedinhia  dress  of  Irish  home-made  frisn.  The  re- 
maining part  of  the  stAudord  consists  of  a  beehive,  sbeif  of 
wheat,  agricultural  implements,  and  soma  of  tbeir  peace- 
ful and  industrial  products.  The  baaea  of  the  standard' 
are  engraved  with  ornaments  tmia  the  harp  of  Brian 
Boru.  The  stretcher  connecting  the  standaraa  preMnts 
a  fine  decoration  of  ancient  Iruh  musical  uutnmwDls, 
accompanied  on  either  hand  by  the  mermaid  and  ban.<hM, 
whose  songs  and  cries  afford  large  subject-matter  for  the 
old  Irish  poems,  ballads,  and  legendaiy  tales.  The  towtr 
stretcher  is  ornamented  in  the  centre  by  a  bunch  of  stuu- 
rocks,  embosomed  in  the  heart  of  which  are  the  letten 
V,  and  A.,  tied  by  a  true  lover's  knot,  and  the  date  IflM 
inseriAd.  The  four  curious  antique  letter*  E.  R.  I.  N. 
are  copieil  from  ornamental  o»pital  letters  in  the  Book  of 
KelU  -one  of  the  inont  ancient  Irish  manuscripts. 
Tlie  whole  subject  forms  a  sort  of  chronological  Kliia, 


PAPIER  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Abbas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


cuumaDcmg 

of  the  Iriih  monarchy — touching  the  flouruhjng  stats 
uf  the  kingdom  under  Comwc — paswng  thiough  the 
chiiBlric  age  of  the  cruaadere,  and  soding  with  the 
present  agricujtunl  age  of  Ireland — the  memorable  year 


79  Mgchi,  Jobs  J.,  i  iMideaJuill  Street — Manufecturer. 

Articles  m  Caromandel  wood,  SpaoiBb  laaboguiy,  rose- 
wood, ebony,  papier  maobS,  Ruasia  leotber,  ic,  oma. 
meoted  with  gold,  ailver,  cut  glaaa,  motber-of-jHiarl, 
carving,  &c. 

Ad  ornamental  imd  inlaid  bagatelle  table,  rapreoeuted 
in  tlie  following  uugraving. 


,  Cnliinut  of  oak,  gfowu  on  thu  estate  of  Enrl  Fitxtvilliaiii, 
Coolatin  I'm!!,  county  Wicblow.  with  top  of  Cuiiueniu'a 
iniu-bli),  from  tbe  quanius  of  Bullinahiuch.  county  Oalway. 
The  staiidorda  represent  the  Oviiius  of  I>sintiiig,  with 
palette  and  l>rushi»;  Sculpture,  with  unfinished  model; 
Science,  with  coin]«HS  and  chart;  and  Literature,  with 
open  bunk  and  pen;  supported  on  ehouta  of  puliii.  The 
branches  continuing  round  the  frieze  are  entwined  with 
'  fruit,  llowem,  &c..  to  the  centre,  and  hang  in  featoons  at 
I  each  end.  In  the  centre  uf  the  frieze  U  reiireseiitad 
I  ■■The  Choice  of  Hercules;"  ou  the  back  Peace  and  Plenty 
!  Hii]>)iorting  a  uToath  of  shiun rocks,  medalliun  likeneaaesof 
'  H.M,  the  Queun  aud  H.K.H.  Prince  Albert,  aumiountvd 
by  Fame,  and  at  the  ends  are  Cnuiuierce  and  Industry. 


CiLVKBT,  (lEOHuK  (Intu  Biiiiiiaii  S  Calvert), 
//i;.(/.r.(r<W— Punter, 
inted  decoration  In  iiiiitatlonof  niahognny,  oak  (light 


83  Accio,  O.  H.,  CWcAfs(f;— Producer. 
\Miite  and  gold  ottoman,  etnbun'vd  wood  and  silk,  in 

giHKa  «we.  

84  FLETOCtB.  KnwiM.  ff..,v''™.  """■  ««"u%— 
Dosiiqier  >uid  Maniifncturer. 

WMlmblc  pajwr-liatiging",  eoloun>,  granilee,   marbluB, 


r  Itiinulcy — Dcvtigner 


Pino  frame  for  looking-Rlam,  CMi'cd  w 
uu<l  binls.   Knglialt  oak  letter  prena,  car 


740 


Class  26.— FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


[Ukitbd 


87  Allan,  D.,  Sloane  Street,  Chelsea — Inventor. 
The  registered  melior;    an   appendage  for  chairs,  to 

hold  gloves,   fans,   bouquets,  &c.,  while  ladies  are  at 
dinner.  

88  Gaunt  &  Son,  Wortley,  near  Leeds — Inventors 

and  Manufacturers. 
Decoration   for  library,   dining  and  drawing  rooms. 
Durable  and  fixed  colours. 


89       Law  &  Sons,  Monhcell  Street — ^MauufiMsturero. 
Specimens  of  decorative  paper. 


90  CoLLiNSON,  George  CiioTaEB,  Doncaster,  Yorkshire 

— ManufiKiture;'. 
Hall  or  library  chair,  of  ioasil  osik.,  found  in  m<»lgiTW  a 
cut  from  the  river  Don,  near  Doncaster,  Yorkshire,  in 
1848;  carved  to  represent  oak  branches,  leaves,  &o. 

91  Innes,  Eluabeth  &  Susanna,  Castle  Street, 

Montrose,  Scotland — Designers. 
Screen,  with  rosewood  frame,  four  feet  four  inches 
high,  the  glass  thirty-three  by  twenty -five  inches.  The 
screen  is  white  watered  silk,  with  wreaths  and  basket  of 
flowers,  intended  to  display  the  colours  and  plumage 
of  the  feathered  tribes  The  design  is  new;  the  flowers 
represent  a  variety  of  different  kmdB,  from  the  passion- 
flower to  the  snow-drop.  The  plumes  that  adorn  the 
little  crown  near  the  top  of  the  screen  are  obtained  from 
the  creet  of  the  peacock.  The  feathers  in  the  screen  are 
all  obtained  from  birds  of  the  county  of  Forfar.  The 
frame  was  made  by  Messrs.  F.  J.  8t  F.  Japp,  Montrose. 

92  DiNHAM,  Annie,  Camelford — Proprietor. 
Fancy  work-table,  veneered  with  tulip-leaves. 

93  Cameron,  G.,  11  Shepherd's  Market,  May  fair — 

Producer. 
Specimens  of  decorations. 

95  Haselden,  William,  Chelsea — Designer. 
Specimens  of  designs  for  paper. 

96  Crawtpord,  James,  242  Stobcross  Street,  Glasgow — 

Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 
A  mirror,  composed  of  plajie  tree,  made  by  the  exhi- 
bitor. 


97  Newton,  W.,  226  Argyll  St.,  Glasgow — Proprietor, 

Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 

Loo-table,  composed  of  nearly  7,000  pieces  of  foreign 
woods.  Several  relics  in  pieces  of  wood  from  the  Royal 
George,  old  London-bridge,  Wullie's-mill,  birks  of  Aber- 
feldy,  broom  of  Cowden  Knowes,  Queen  Mary's  box,  old 
Glasgow-bridge,  500  years  old,  Glasgow  cathedral,  &c. 

T{»>le,  composed  of  18  different  kinds  of  wood,  all  the 
pieces  are  inlaid. 

Chiffbnnibre,  composed  of  above  4,000  different  pieces  and 
18  different  kinds  of  foreign  woods,  representing  the  Queen 
and  Prince  Albert.     Fourteen  relics  of  wood. 

Tea  caddy,  with  profile  of  Her  Majesty  at  1 8  years  of 
age,  composed  of  1,340  pieces  of  wood. 

98  Imrie,  Peter,  Perth — ^Manufacturer. 
Circular  loo  table,  on  pillar  and  claw,  made  of  the  root 

of  a  larch  tree  raised  near  Murthly  Castle,  Perthshire. 

99  Alexander,  John  Tod,  Maxicelltoim,  Dumfries — 

Producer. 

Ornamental  garden  chair  of  roots  and  branches  of  the 
oak. 

Picture-frame  of  roots  and  branches  of  the  laburnum- 
tree,  for  a  Scotch  romantic  scene,  with  huntsmen  and 
game. 

100  Hay,  J.  &  J.,  Aberdeen — Designers  and 

Manufncturers. 
Gilded  and  emblematic  national  picture-frame. 


101  ScRYMGBOiTR,  HenRt,  George  Street,  Edinburgh 

— ^Designer  and  Manufiicturer. 
Model  for  a  British  state  bed,  with  canopy,  Elizabethan 
style.  The  entire  framework  of  the  bed  with  canopy  is 
carved  in  pine  and  plane  tree,  and  the  materials  used  in 
the  upholstery  are  chiefly  of  Scottish  manu&cture.  The 
blankets  are  of  the  finest  Cheviot  wool,  and  the  sheets  of 
finest  Tweed  linen.  The  canopy  is  made  to  extend  at 
pleasure,  and  is  shown  partly  extended.  The  roof  is 
ventilated  by  tubes,  terminating  in  the  cross  at  the  top  oC 
the  crown. 

102  Wabragk,  Harriet,  Dee  8¥fcet,  Aberdeen^— 

Demgner. 
Ornamental  fire-screen. 


103   I^EB^  W.,  New  Im  Tar4,  JUtenkam  Court  Road-^ 

Producer. 
Table  and  table  top,  inlaid. 


104  Barrie,  John,  Edinburgh — ^Designer  and  Producer. 
Carved  book-tray,  executed  by  a  ploughman,  in  the 
evening,  by  candle-lighti  after  working  noiuis  without 
the  aid  of  any  model  or  desiKn^  the  use  of  any  instrument 
or  machinery,  but  a  penkni&. 


105  Wood,  J.,  ColUngtoood  Street,  Btackfriara— 

Producer. 
Table-top,  &c.  in  marquetrie. 

106  LiTHGOW  &  PuRDlE,  60  ff another  Street,  Edinburgh 

— Designers  and  Producers. 

Specimen  of  panel  for  a  decorator's  saloon;  style^ 
Renaissance. 

One  ceiling  and  two  wall  panels  for  an  ingoing;  style 
— Louis  Qvu^rze. 

General  design  of  corridor,  for  which  the  preceding 
articles  were  executed,  showing  the  position  of  the 
details. 

Sketch  for  drawing-room  decoration;  style — Pompa- 
dour, time  of  Louis  Quinze. 

Drawing-room  decoration,  painted  in  distemper — The 
seasons. 

Drawing-room  ceiling,  painted  in  distemper;  style- 
Rococo. 

Two  painted  chess,  in  imitation  of  mosaic  and  buhl. 

Panel  in  imitation  of  buhl;  decoration  for  libraiy 
walls,  &c. 

Decoration  in  imitation  of  inlaid  marbles,  for  entrance 
halls,  &c. 

107  Ross,  Daniel,  11  Norton  Place,  Edinburgh — 

Producer. 
Carved  oak  sideboard,  with  a  figure  on  each  door,  re- 
presenting Plenty,  and  one  on  the  back  aiUTOunded  by 
fringe  and  foliage.     Strong  portable  chair. 


108    BoNNAR  &  Carfrae,  Edinburgh — Manufiurfjxirera. 

Specimens  of  painted  decorations. 


109  Carson,  William,  Stirling,  Scotland —^Demgoer. 
Specimens  of  wood  painted  in  imitation  of  mahogany, 

maple,  and  oak. 

110  French,  Gilbert  J.,  ^o/<o»i — Designer,  Pinoducer, 

Manufacturer,  and  Proprietor. 
Velvet  cover  for  communion-table,  with  cushions, 
service-books,  carpet,  and  wall -hangings;  the  ornamental 
devices  are  of  the  period  of  the  Reformation.  Altar  vest- 
ments of  crimson  velvet,  with  corresponding  kneelers, 
service-books,  linens,  and  wall -hangings.  Episcopal  chair, 
after  an  ancient  example  in  York  Minster.  Fair  linen 
cloths,  for  communion-table,  damasked.  Ecclesiastica] 
banners  of  the  provinces  of  Canterbury  and  York.  Kneel- 
ing hassocks  for  benches  and  pews.  Heavy  curtains  for 
church -doors,  to  supersede  inner  doors. 


Klvgdom.j 


PAPIER  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


741 


111  TiLUNCy  E.,  Bradshaiogate,  Bolton — Manufacturer. 
Orn&menta   made  of  a  new  combination    of   known 

materials  for  interior  decorations  for  ceilings,  walls, 
picture-framen,  window -cornices,  &c.,  exhibited  for  te- 
nacity, lightness,  and  facility  in  working. 

112  BuLND,  Matthew,  2  Broad  Street,  Halifax — 

Designer  and  ManufeM;turer. 
Sideboard,  ornamented  in  representation  of  the  vine. 

1 13  Kino,  William  Atkin,  Whitehaten — ^Designer, 

Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 
Aldobrand    Oldenbuck's   Cabinet,    from    Sir  Walter 
Scott's  story  of  The  Antiquary,  made  from  three  varieties 
of  British  oak  grown  in  Cumberland. 

114  Carmichakl,  John,  WUliim  Street ,  WorkmgUmf 

Cumberland — ^Designer  and  Producer. 
Carved  oak  chair  of  novel  design,  with  birds  and  foliage ; 
the  arms  two  rampant  lions,  cut  out  of  the  root  of  oak ; 
the  seat  and  back  covered  with  crimson  velvet,  and 
embroidered  by  Qeoi^  Haines,  Esq.,  Grosvenor  Row, 
Chelsea. 

115  M-iixs,  T.,  Bradford,  Yorkshire — ^Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 

Hall  table  and  hat-stand  combined;  table  supported  by 
two  Roman  winged  lions,  with  carved  front,  marble  slab 
for  top,  umbrella  recess,  and  water  receptacle.  The  whole 
cot  in  soUd  mahogany,  and  decorated  with  other  oma- 
Dbeots. 

Drawing-room  chair,  carved  in  solid  mahogany  and 
gilt;  ornamented  at  top  with  the  rose,  thistle,  and  sham- 
rock; having  the  seat  covered  with  fine  satin  damask; 
with  a  bouquet  of  flowers  woven  in  silver. 

116  Dbew,  D.,  Truro,  Cornwall, — ^Producer. 

Rustic  table  and  two  stools. 


117  Harbold,  Thomas,  Hinckley ^  Leicestershire — 

Manufacturer. 
Table  with  revolving  top,  made  of  a  curiously  gnarled 
oak,  grown  in  Warwickshire,  BuppoHe<l  to  be  many  cen- 
turies old.  Upwards  of  six  hundred  figures  fantastically 
formed  by  the  natural  curl  in  the  grain  of  the  wood 
appear  on  the  surface  of  thi>i  table.  In  the  centre  a  group, 
•uppfwed  to  resemble  Adam  and  Eve,  the  Serpent,  and 
the  Tree.  

118  Wood,  John,  59  Milk  Street,  Bristol — Manufacturer. 
Marquetrie  table  of  inlaid  woods,  containing  a  repre- 
sentation of  the  battle  of  the  Nile.  Thi8  table  is  r>  feet 
in  diam«Jter,  the  body  being  composed  of  walnut  wood, 
and  the  inlaid  pieces  comprising  a  great  many  varieties  uf 
wood,  few  of  them  being  dyed.  It  contains  a  picture  of 
the  Greenwich  penaioner  describing  the  battle,  the  flags 
of  the  various  British  ships  engaged,  and  some  of  the 

iU  displayed  in  action;  also  Fame  crowning  Nelson. 


120  Mathieson,  R.  R.,  Stirliwj,  Scotland—DeBigner. 
Plain  deal  lobby-table  top,  painte<l  in  imitation  of  va- 
rious marlfles.  In  the  centre  are  the  lioyal  arms;  in  the 
angles  those  of  the  Duke  of  Argyll,  the  Duke  of  Mont- 
ruse,  the  Manjuis  of  Breadalbsuie,  and  the  1*^1  of  Man*; 
on  the  inner  panel,  those  of  Lord  Abercrombie  and  the 
Provost  of  Stirling. 

121  Obcndt,  J.  Clowes.  4  Kxchnmjc  Street,  ManchcsttT 

— Designer  and  Manufjvcturer 
Frames  in  gold,  designed  for  the  engravings   of  Sir 

Edwin  liBudseer's  "  Pt^ce  and  War." 

A  frame  desij^iwl  for  water-colour  <lniwin^,  \\'ith  tinted 

spandril  to  suit  the  subject;  adapted  f<)r  drawing-room 

or  boudoir. 

A  frame  dc*»igned   for  a  tableau  of  Htudies  of  various 

lityleA  by   an  artist   in   water-colotirs,    and  twlapterl  for 

dniwing-ro«jm  or  Iwudoir. 


A  frame  designed  for  two  drawings  of  difierent  forms, 
in  two  compartments.  A  frame  designed  for  a  single 
drawing,  differently  ornamented,  with  tinted  mat.  A 
circular  table,  in  gold,  the  top  of  which  displays  seventy- 
four  landscapes,  painted  in  oil  by  J.  B.  Pyne — views  from 
nature,  the  centre  one  being  a  view  of  Clifton.  A  frame, 
composed  of  the  vine,  adapted  for  fine  engravings.  A 
frame  designed  for  Sir  Edwin  Landseer's  portrait  of  the 
Queen  and  children.  A  light  panel  frame,  with  tinted 
spandril,  designed  as  a  simple  frame  for  water-colour 
drawings.  A  semicircular  topped  frame  for  drawing-room, 
composed  of  lilies  of  the  valley,  &c.  A  frame  for  drawing 
in  chalk  (Lady  Blessington,  by  D.  Maclise,  R.A.),  with 
flower  sides.  A  frame  designed  for  Lawrence's  engraved 
portrait  of  Sir  R.  Peel.  A  light  frame,  with  ivy  entwined, 
adapted  for  chalk  drawings.  A  panel  frame  (for  study 
of  "  Manchester,"  by  D.  Cox),  showing  tinted  mat  inside. 
A  friune  adapted  for  old-master  drawings,  composed  of 
fruit  and  flowers.  An  elliptical  frame,  designed  for 
Eastlake's  "  Christ  weeping  over  Jerusalem."  A  frame 
designed  for  Rafiaelle*s  "  Mndonna  della  Seggiola,"  with 
lily  top  and  palm  base.  A  light  panel  frame,  with  tinted 
mat,  for  drawings.  A  small  frame,  intended  for  portrait 
of  Bums. 

Portfolio  chair  and  prie-dieu,  made  of  walnut-tree,  by 
Joseph  Leeming  Qrundy,  130,  Regent-street. 


122    DovESTON,  Qborge,  106  King  Street,  Manchester — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Ebony  bookcase,  carved  in  relief,  with  brass  door 
frames,  and  plate  glass  ;  the  frames  made  by  Messrs. 
Cope  and  Coltinson,  of  Birmingham. 

Boudoir  chair  of  carved  ebony,  upholstered  and  covered 
with  crimson  silk  velvet. 

Bijouterie  cabinet  in  tulip  and  king  woods,  with  Sevres 
china  panels  in  doors. 

Occasional  table  in  walnut  and  tulip  woods,  with  mar- 
quetrie  top. 

Shaped  circular  table,  in  marquetrie  and  tulip  wood. 


123       Mocsley,  C.  E.,  Ifannti/n  Hall,  Taimrorth — 

Producer. 

Mahogany  table-top  14  ft.  3  in.  by  5  ft.  3  in.  K^idc,  in 
one  slab. 


124        Steevens,  John,  Tannton — Designer  aud 

Manufacturer. 

This  cabinet  represents,  in  four  male  figures,  the 
periods  of  youth,  manhood,  maturity,  and  old  age,  whilst 
other  four  (female)  figures  are  representative  of  the 
seasons.  All  the  figures  arc  reudere<l  c«)niplete  by  a 
carvxKl  lion's  foot  at  the  bottom  of  each,  and  above  the 
feet  is  a  connecting  frame  to  make  that  i>ortion  of  the 
stand  jMjrfect.  Between  the  figures  of  Spring  and  Summer 
are  carved  flowers  and  fruit  in  profusion,  emblematical  of 
the  seasons;  it  represents  the  all-uuiMjrtant  fact  that 
time  flies,  by  an  hour-glass  borne  on  the  wings  of  a 
splendidly  carved  eagle,  and  susjKjnded  from  the  binl's 
beak  are  the  letters,  curiously  wrought,  forming  •*  Tenipus 
fugit."  This  rests  on  a  glol)o,  representiitive  of  the  earth, 
which  is  half  sunk  in  a  shell  of  water,  overflowing  the 
wheel  of  time,  and  shedding  on  fruit  and  flowers  its 
refresliing  dew.  The  space  l)etween  the  figures  of  Autumn 
and  Winter  is  filled  with  carvings  of  the  chrj-santhuni, 
holly,  ivy,  and  autumn  fruit,  entwined  with  consummate 
skill  and  taste.  The  garland,  or  festoon,  which  is  caiTied 
through,  and  8ustaine<l  as  before  state<l  hj  each  of  the 
four  figures,  is  composed  of  every  flower  indigenous  to 
Taunton,  and  intro<luce<l  emblematically  to  the  time  in 
which  they  severally  bhH>m. 

AlK>ve  the  figuivs,  and  resting  on  their  hea<ls,  is  a  stand 
or  frame  to  receive  the  top  part  cont^iining  the  dniwers, 
doors,  &c.  Over  the  hea<l  of  Youth,  in  this  frann',  is  a 
basket  of  strawberries,  cherries,  raspberries,  an<l  o.irly 
fruit,  surrounded  with  leaf-work,  enclosing  '\  panel  of 
needlework,  covered  with  bent  i»lato  glass. 


-PURNITUHE,  UPHOLSTERY.  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
AniSAD  I.  J.  19  TO  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  iti  24. 


Uver  the  head  of  ft  cni-red  Sgun),  repreeeutiiig  I 
tner,  ia  h  buket,  coiitoiniag  eurranU,  strawbeniea,  g 
bflniea,  npplea,  peara,  peaches,  uid  otber  fruits,  eoiiched 
taith  leKf-vrorlc,  the  111;  and  the  rove  complotlag  th 
centre.  Betweeu  the  Suiniuer  uiil  Autuuiu  baaketa  uii 
k  panel  ai-e  mottoes. 

The  aiitutuD  banket  contains  srapia,  peara.  filberts,  &c., 
Siirrciiindod  with  lesf-nork.  The  paiiel  of  oeedlework 
tiext  appoan  for  Wintor,  end  over  the  head  of  tlie  winter 
figure,  u  placed  n  baaket  of  unlnute,  median,  &c.  Tbe 
cabinet  costoiiiB  about  eighty  drBwers,  in  fine  ntduut 
wood,  enriched  with  fuacliia  drop*  in  silver,  tad  coral 
beads  for  drop  handles;  the  wood  work  is  relieved  with 
ailvered  plate  glaas,  also  amall  doora  with  plate  |;lass  for 
needlework,  in  wild  Sonera.  This  completes  the  interior 
of  the  frame. 

The  exterior  represents  three  carved  doors,  ia 
relief:  over  Spring  and  Summer  ia  the  convolvulus, 
Ontwinod  round  the  fmme;  then  follows  the  centre  door, 
in  fine  relief;  the  grape  \-iiie  full  of  fruit,  being  rerj' 
lirominent.  The  door  over  Autmun  and  Winter  is 
enriched  with  carvinga  of  bai'ley  and  hop  vine.  Betwc 
«ai.'h  of  theas  doors  are  pilasters,  forming  four  femi 
figures,  holding  in  their  buids  the  ewblema  of  the  aoasoi 
A  newly  .invented  glaas  dome  head,  for  the  protection  of 
knitted  Sowers  in  Berlin  wool.  The  woodwork  springs 
from  each  group  of  Sowera  over  the  beadi  of  tbe  fomue 
figures,  with  mouldingn  to  receive  the  bent  plate  gloss, 
knd  ia  enriched  with  fine  carvings  of  fruit  and  Sowers. 
At  the  extreme  top  of  this  glass  dome  dtands  a  Sgure  of 
PeBL'e,  with  extended  wings,  bending  over  the  globe, 
holding  in  one  band  the  olive  branch,  and  with  the  other 
pointing  upwards  to  heaven.  The  needle-work,  executed 
an  black  velvet,  from  nature,  by  Miae  Kingsbury.  Tbii 
eabinet  is  represented  in  the  onnoied  plate,  No.  i:l8. 

Four  specimens  of  table-tops,  made  of  KngLah  oak 
grown  near  Titunton,  Somecaet.  Sideboard  top,  of  the 
kame  material. 


125  BiMPTON,  John  Austin,  49  f.WjMfuMojejBiriNiiijfciBi 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Specinieos  of  a  material  produced  from  the  mixture  of 
niuas  or  peat,  in  certain  proportions,  with  sawdust,  &c. 
It  is  subjected  to  a  preaaurs  of  SW  tons,  to  make  it  fit 
for  use;  it  then  becomes  hard  and  durable,  and  capable 
of  being  polished  and  worked. 

Plastic  material  tnode  from  moaa  and  lime,  which  has 
been  submittBd  to  a  heat  of  160  degrees  without  ahawing 
any  crack  or  flaw;  it  can  be  used  in  a  sheet  or  plastic 
State.  Qypaum  and  oementa  may  be  used  in  produuing 
,  similar  oHiclea.    Specimena  of  compressed  moaa  fibre. 

[It  has  long  been  known  that  moas  or  peat,  either  alone 
or  mixed  with  other  v^etabte  or  mineral  aubatancee,  was 
capable  of  great  compression,  and  sometimes  exists  in 
nature  in  an  extremely  dense,  hard,  and  brittle  state. 
In  the  manufacture  of  the  materials  above  mentioned, 
advantage  has  been  taken  of  the  force  of  cohesion  by 
bringing  the  particles  of  bodies  into  elcoe  eontsct  under 
anonnous  pressuts.— D.  T.  A.] 


127 


Claulb,  John,  Blmiiujham—DtiugaeT  anil 

Heraldry  painting;  specimens  showing  various  curi 
deaigiu  of  armorial  beonnga,  including  seventv'four  ci. 
of  arms  and  crests. 


128     Lane,  T.,  01  Grc.il  Ilimplon  SIrti:!.  Birmingham 
^Manufacturer. 
Articles  chiefly  in  "patent  pearl  gloss;"  Rkpicr  machd 
tuble,  with  inlaid  border  of  motbor-or-pearl  and  land- 
scape  and  figure  centre.     Work-table,   ornamented   in 
pearl  and  gold.     Chevol  acrcea  papier  mach^  frame,  with 
OBntro,  flowera  on  white  ground.    Polo-sci'Mue.  Reading- 
btble.     Cabioets  on  standa.     Chess-table,  tec. 
J%aeh  for  ah'ip  cabim,  nMms,  and  other  d«c<iiiAiona. 


[The  patent  pearl  glass  ia  distinguiabed  by  the  ri^ 
ueaa  of  eSect  coDseijuent  on  the  introduction  of  tbe  huni- 
me  of  mother-of-poarl  behind  the  glass  on  which  tk 
picture  is  executed ;  the  picture  ia  painted  on  tba  reveng 
side  of  tbe  gloss  to  that  exposed,  the  parts  being  lift 
blank  or  slightly  coated  with  vamlsh,  close  behind  wk^ 
tbe  pearl  ia  introduced  as  a  means  of  deootatiaD. 

Oem  painting  is  also  ezecnted  upon  or  behind  ^saa; 
and  much  of  its  brilliancy  arises  from  the  obscunti&tt 
around  of  the  glass  not  ornamented;  the  reflcctiTs  nir- 
liice  in  this  case  is  a  metallic  foil,  and  the  depth  of 
colour  LI  heightened  by  transparent  vamisb  colours.— 
W.  C.  A.] 

129  DiVISi,  Geo.  C,  7  Drfirlg  SCrert  Wfsl,  Birsuiigham 
— DeeiKDer  and  entire  Producer. 

Papier  mach£  work-box,  deooraled  in  the  ElixabetLsm 
style;  illustrated  with  gloss  tablets  of  the  mouarchs  btiKt 
the  Conquest ;  the  tablets  are  partly  painted,  and  partly 
transparent;  tbe  brilliancy  of  colour  produced  by  stainsd 
[)olJ*hed  inetala. 

Jajianned  papier  mscb^  box. 

Qlnsa  tapestry  panel,   a  new  style  of  dec«i»tim  1« 
funiiture,  jtc.     Fainted  in  tranaparent  oalam^ 


backed  with  white  and  colouivd  h 


130     OiLBEHT,  W„  &  Co.,  114  Kingtlaml  Road,  a»i 
•26,  'n,_  -li,  Flemimj  5rrwt— Hanufacturan. 

Kconomical  invalid  bedstead,  exhibited  for  sinqtlidQ, 
eue,  and  cheapneaa;  Invented  by  the  eihibitora. 

Six  globes,  coutoining  a  aeriea  of  festbera,  quills,  tc., 
illuatrative  of  the  exhibitoca'  chemical  proceas  of  pnii- 
fyingfeatheni,  vIk:— 1.  Fine  dust,  as  created  bj  inaccbk 

2,  Pieces    of    qmlls,    &c.,    as   destroyed    by   imetta, 

3.  Feathers  not  purified.  4,  Feathers  purified.  5  ft 6.  He* 
feathers  not  liable  to  decomposition. 


131  HaLBKAM)  &  Weij.ix(m,  4.'i  Si,  Pauti  Sijaan, 

Bij-jnitufJuim — Manufacturers. 

Papier  macbiJ  toilette  table  of  Eliiabethan  deaign,  jslsil 
with  pearl,  and  mirror  corresponding  with  table.  Lee 
table,  embellished  nith  group  of  Euglish  wild  flowsis  nl 
foliage.  Occasional  table,  group  of  flowers,  inlaid  ailh 
)>eorl.     Ladies'  work-tablea. 

Large  cabinets,  inlaid  with  pearl  ornaments,  and  »- 
belliehcd  with  painted  vignettes.  Albums,  bonsd  ■ 
papier  nutcbii  boards.  Inlaid  ornament'  '  ' 
with  peart  Sowers.  Portfotios,  vw 
deugus.     Tea  ttaya,  various  patterns. 

Series,  illustrating  the  different  st^ea  of  n 
from  the  rlw  material  to  the  fiuiabed  artidle. 

[There  are  two  varieties  of  p^er  macb^:  tbabaH  m 
produced  by  pasting  together,  on  an  iron  or  brw  mool^ 
a  number  of  aheela  of  paper  of  a  spongy  textura,  aUowil^ 
them  to  dry  between  each  addition.  In  the  i*"*™*™ 
variety,  tbe  paper  is  reduced  to  a  pulpy  mihetanna,  sad 
tbe  form  is  given  by  pressure  into  motriom  of  nwital 
Papier  machd  may  be  formed  into  any  desired  article  ky 
means  of  the  lathe,  the  plane,  or  the  raap  ;  it  ia  ■eranl 
times  varnished ;  and  tbe  irregularities  of  surlaca  an 
removed  by  scraping  and  rubbing  with  | 
The  artist  then  introduces  the  design ;  it  is  again  *i 
and  polished  with  rotten-stone;  and  its  final  b 
given  by  rubbing  with  the  pnlro  of  the  hand. — W,  C  A.] 

132  FooTuoHArE,  Showell,  &SnE>rn»i,  "■' — — j'i-i 

— Manu  factu  rers. 
Ladles'  work-tables,  «ith  design,  Buckingbam  AIm^ 

atand.  Reading  and  work  table.  Small  — Hntt.  vilk 
flowers  and  fruit,  in  pearl.  Writing-dcaka  and  Wtf 
work-box,  pearl  inlaid. 


Kingdom. 


PAPIER  MACIIK,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


743 


Jewel-boz«s,  with  l^^djsor  Caatle,  and  flowers,  in 
pearl  Folios,  with  flowers  in  pearl.  Large  inkstand, 
anlieiique.  Ladies*  dreesing-caBe.  Card  trays,  inlaid 
pmii.  Te»K;he8t  and  caddy,  pearl  inlaid.  Card-case, 
odour-box,  netting-box.  Ladies  reticule.  Pair  of  hand- 
Sei  of  trays. 


133        Lei,  L.,  118  Bedford  Street  SiAith,  Liverpool— 

Producer. 
Fancy  table,  painted  in  enamel  on  prepared  wood; 
centre,  a  group  of  flowers,  with  gold  border. 


1  -34     Thompson  &  Worthy,  Durhttm — Manufacturers. 
Lies*  writing  desk. 


1 35    Dawmb,  Bartholomew,  20  Carlisle  Street,  Soho 

Squan — ManufiEu;turer. 

Octagon  loo-table.  Small  circular  chess-table.  Circular 
taUe  with  top,  made  of  a  rare  species  of  cedar. 

Lady's  toilet-table  of  tulip-wood,  inlaid  T^ith  purple 
wood,  fitted  with  china  wash-basin,  and  drawers,  the 
centre  inclosed  by  a  pair  of  doors,  silvered  glass  panels; 
a  statuary  marble  top,  moulded  edges,  shaped  bacx,  with 
•wing-^MS  in  centre;  wrought  panels  on  either  side,  with 
oval  daas,  moonted  with  or-molu  in  the  renaissance  style. 

Todet  chair  of  tulip-wood,  &c.,  to  correspond,  with 
stuffed  seat  and  back  covered  in  silk,  ftc. 

A  carved  mahogany  stand,  with  china  basin.  A  carved 
BBahosany  cunboard. 

Models  of  tJM  patent  outside  sun-shades. 


136     McCaiaTM  &  HoDSON,  147  Brenrley  Street, 
Birmingham — Manufacturers. 

F^yier  mach^  table,  inlaid  with  pearl  flowers,  fruit, 
and  ornaments. 

Fiapier  mach^  sofii  tables;  one  with  the  Exhibition 
Building  introduced. 

Multiformia,  music-stand,  table,  fire-screen,  or  rea«liiig 
stMid,  **St.  Cecilia.'*  Card-tray,  and  flower-staiid  or 
talkie. 

Cabinet  on  stand,  comprising  chcHs  and  backgainmon- 
table,  ladies'  work-table,  writing-desk,  and  fitted  for 
jewellery,  coins,  and  writing  requisites. 

Articles  in  papier  niachd :  cheval  Hcreen.     Caivl-plate. 

I^Adies'  portfolio,  chair,  table,  and  pier-gluHM,  inlaid. 
Ladies*  work-table. 

Barometer,  illuminated  with  pearl.  Bracket -glass  with 
branch-lights. 

Ladies'  work-boxes,  with  paintings,  "  The  Antiqu.oriaii" 
and  **  Pearl -flowers."  Ladies' jewel-case,  **  dovea  and 
fountain;"  dressing-case,  riow  of  Windsor  Ciwtle;  and 
writing-desks,  inlaid  pearl  flowers  und  rthells,  &c. 

(lothic  card-box,  inlaid;  and  cahinets,  with  view  of 
Warwick  Castle;  work-basket  aD<l  tea-chest,  view  of 
Alhaiubra,  inlaid. 

Tea-caddv,  pearl  flowers,  laiidrfcjipe,  &c.  Papoterie. 
Cru«ft-stand,  pearl  omainentn.     InkHtand. 

New  tray,  Queen's  shape;  new  oval  Gothic  tray,  Albert 
shape. 

[The  inlaying  of  pearl  in  "jMipier  maclid"  is  a  simple 
process,  and  does  not  coa>4ist,  as  some  might  suppose,  and 
as  the  name  indicates,  in  cutting  out  the  material  and  in- 
serting the  substance  inlaid ;  it  is  helcl  simply  by  adhe- 
non,  and  its  application  may  be  thus  describe<l: — the 
pearl-shell  cut  into  such  pieces  or  forms  as  may  be  desir- 
able, is  laid  upon  the  article  to  he  omanientc<l,  a  little 
cjpal  or  other  varnish  having  been  i)reviously  ap[ilied, 
the  pieces  of  i>earl  at  once  adhere  to  it ;  thereafter  re- 
peated coats  of  tar  varnish  fill  up  the  interstices  and 
eventually  cover  the  pearl.  This  extra  varnish  is  renewed, 
a  uniform  surface  is  produce<l,  and  the  peai*l  exposed  by 
nibbing  with  pumice-stone.  [»olishing  with  rotten-stone, 
and  finally  "  Jumding.'— W.  C.  A.] 


137    Sdtclifpe,  J.,  27  Great  Hampton  Street,  Birmingham 

— Manufacturer. 
Ornamental  papier  mach^  trays,  in  various  styles  and 
sizes. 

I'apier  machc  loo-table,  with  subject,  "  Ruins  of  Car- 
thage." "Louis  Philippe"  and  round  papier  mach^ 
tables. 

Chinese  papier  machd  vases,  with  figures  and  gold 
ornaments. 

Papier  mach^  folios,  caddies,  work-boxes,  inkstands,.&c. 


138    TuRLEY,  Richard,  ^t>mi>i{/A(i/n— ManufiuH^urer. 

Large  folding  screen,  exliibiting  a  combination  of  land- 
scapes, fruit,  and  flowers.  Large  loo-table  with  pearl 
wreaths,  and  painted  landscape  and  cattle.  Oval  table 
with  gold  ornaments  and  flowers  introduced. 

Gothic  tables,  with  fruit  and  flowers,  "The  village 
gate;"  vine  border  and  painted  centre,  "The  Round 
Tower  of  Oberwesel." 

Hexagon  table,  "The  Wellington  Shield."  Round 
table,  with  pcdnted  landscape,  "The  windmill." 

Large  and  small  cabinets.  Inkstands.  Ladies'  reticule. 
Ladies'  perfumery  cases.  Tea-chest  and  caddy.  Clock 
case  and  watch -stand.  Music-folio,  vine-border.  Port- 
folio and  writing-desks,  all  ornamented  with  pearl  and 
gold,  &c. 

Large  tray,  intended  to  show  the  beauty  and  dura- 
bility of  the  papier  machd,  it  being  more  than  thirty 
years  since  it  was  produced. 

Tray,  antique  snape,  centre  design  copied  from  the 
Nimroud  Sculptures  in  the  British  Museum. 

Oblong  antique  Gothic  tray,  gold  border.  Ladies' 
work  tables,  ornamented  with  pearls,  flowers,  gold,  and 
painting.     Canl-box.     Dressing-cases.     Cake-baskets. 

Chairs,  scroll  back,  pearl  and  gold,  and  Elizabethan 
shapes. 

New  Gothic  table,  painted  centre,  "Das  Konigliche 
Schloss,  in  Berlin."  Writing  desk,  "Das  Konigliche 
Schloss,  in  Charlottenburg."  Music-books,  view,  "Das 
Neue  Palais  in  Potsdam,"  and  "  Das  Konigliche  Schloss 
in  Potsdam."  Two  small  cabinets,  pearl  and  gold.  Ink- 
stand, flowers  and  gold.     Portfolio. 

Hand-scix»ens — •'  Jenny  Lind,"  "  Sims  Reeves."  Tele- 
scope hearth-brush,  patent  slide  toasting-fork,  patent 
swivel.  Pair  of  bellows,  flowers  and  gold  ;  another  pair, 
painted  landscape.  Lai*ge  and  small  vases,  flowers  and 
landscape.     Portfolio — "  Age  of  Innocence." 


139  Hopkins,  Robkrt  Pike,  Wimbomc,  Uorset — Designer. 
Oj^en  fancy  brass  front-door  knobs,  dead  and  relieved, 

and  lined  with  black  china,  and   blue   and  white  opal 
glass.     Finger-plates,  lined  with  silvered  enamelled  blue 

gh'ISS. 

140  Brown,  Joseph,  71  Lendaihall  Street — 

ManufactuixT. 
A  ship's  bedstea<l. 


141     Smith,  Georgk  F.,  ^f^lrch,  Ctnhriilgeifhire — 

Designer. 

Specimens  of  painting,  in  imitation  of  various  marbles, 
which  are  finishe<l  while  the  colours  are  wet.  Intendeil 
as  a  substitute  for  marble  in  the  construction  of  chimney- 
pieces,  inlaying  of  tables,  Sec. 

Painting,  in  imitation  of  oak,  intended  as  a  substitute 
for  the  w«>«xl  in  ileconitions. 


142       ScuoLEY,  Mioses,  'My  \Vrstti»)Hnic  Terrace— 

Proilucers. 
Gilt  chair  and  st^nd,  omlx>sse4l  in  wool  and  silk. 


143      Davis,  Grorub,  S'tuth<tmpUm — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Specimen   of  marbling,    graining,    painting,   and   var- 
nishing, on  paper.     There  is  no  smell  of  {taint  or  varnish, 
in  using  it,  and  a  room  may  be  complete<l  in  one  da^. 


Class  2S.— FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
Arbab  1.  J.  19  TO  25 ;  L.  TO  0.  21  to  24. 


144     OoH^  Qboroe,  S/iemAamtimi,  A' 
and  Punter. 

A  four-lettTed  folding  ecreen,  poJnUd  in  the  old  EugliBh 
illutniiiaiwil  atjle,  recording  the  moat  ramulable  events 
of  Engliah  history  from  the  Conquest  to  the  present  time, 
and  containing  on  the  panets  represeotatioDs  of  variouB 
rojral  badges  and  amis,  vitb  those  of  the  Cit;  of  London. 


145  BELirJBt,  WlLLtAM,  lor* — Designer. 
Cabinet  of  oak,  having  panels  of  burnt  white  wood, 

^th  subjects  executed  (Ly  a  mampnlation  analogous  to 
carving  and  mezzotint  engraving),  viz.,  the  "  Descent 
from  the  Cross,"  after  D.  RicaarolU  da  Valtarra,  and 
"  Bearing  the  Cross,"  from  Raffaelle  d'Urbino. 

146  F1HDI.ET,  Chiklks  v.,  36  King  Street,  Lmcetttr — 

Itesigner  and  Manufecturer. 
Carved  chair  of  ^iglish  oak,  Leicestershire  growth. 

147  BiRiEH,  Gboroe,  2  Ilrook  Street,  BondStreel— 


148  Ueakin,  J.  F.,  Baiter  Street,  Forlmmt  Square— 

Hanufitcturer. 
Registered  chair. 

149  CoTTEHELL  Bbotherb,  firufoJ— HaQubctuTets. 
Specimens  of  paper-hangings  for  a  dining-room. 


150  Wklkh,  Tho«.,  Ftirai  Street,  Birmingham— Demgoer. 
Lady's  cabinet,  in  papier  machd. 

Wnting.desk,  toilet  and  jewel  case,  and  work-box. 

151  Flktcber,  Ratmomd,  Iterbi/ — Inventor. 
Crystal  granite  paper-hangiugs,  adapted  for  halls,  stair- 
eases,  &c.     Theseadmit  of  being  wasbud. 


152      Bamdb,  ALEiAiniEii,  17  Frith  Strttt,  ScAo— 
Producer. 

Patent  mechanical  billiard  dining-tsble,  capable  of 
being  adapted  to  persona  of  any  stature  J  also  con  vertilits 
into  a  dining-table. 

Patent  sofa,  contwning  a  mahogany  bedstead,  corered  in 
green  Utrecht  velvet. 

Model  of  adonble  bedstead.  Hodelofa  double  ottoioan. 
Model  of  a  ahip's  bed,  to  modulate  the  motion  of  the 
vessel,  and  prevent  sea-«iclm«ss. 


153     RrVETT,  Wk.,  ft  Sous,  50  (T™™  fUreet,  Fot. 
Sq-uire — Dceinicrs  iiiid  Honufacturer*. 
Uahogauy  pedestal  sideboard. 


154  Hopkins,  W.,  St  Son,  Birmingliam — Manufacturers. 
Shade,  with  improved  action,  stops  at  any  point,  with- 
out the  aid  of  hooks,  is  moved  up  and  down  with  dim 
cord,  and  in  not  liable  to  get  out  of  order. 


157    Bielefeld, CharubFbkis.,  15  Wellitt.jt<mStretl, 
Nlmrul — Inventor  and  Uannfacturer. 

Papisr  machd  artiulea,  manu&ctured  by  patent  m^ 
chinery.  Large  Corinthian  catiilal.  Bracket  with  figuna. 
R<real  arms.      Dragon  and  eagle. 

Bust  of  Flauoan.  Bracketfigiireof  an  angel, glass  frame, 
aod  girandole;  with  a  variety  of  architectural  01 
and  embossed  mouldings.    Corinthian  capital. 


159    Obeio,  Ebenezbb,  &  Son,  27  FanittgdiM  Strtti — 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Winged  wardrobe  of  fine  Spanisb  mahogany,  with  m- 
temal  fittings,  carved  pediments,  truaaea,  doom,  &c.  Thii 
wardrobe  is  represented  in  the  annexed  engraving. 


URl('B<KiHiiu&Car<(AM*ha,-uiY  Wudnbr. 


^ 


immmi^.mmmm' 


PAPIEB  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


lt>0       WlLU  &  Babtleit,  KbyttaK-im-T^iaam — 

IVoduoe™. 
B<i«kcaM,  of  walnut-tree,  combined  with  other  woodi 
in  r«li«f. 

Pair  uf  candelahra,  the  materials  being  a  ct>iubiiiHtioD 
or  thrae  wikhIi,  in  their  natural  coluun. 

161     Holland  k  Soms,  23  ifouat  Strttt,  aratrriw  Sqiuire, 
lU  M.tri,lrh,.He  Strtet,  St.  .lam^.-'f.  ,iiul  RmuUgh 
HVi",  /M-irnce  H-iuire — MannfijcturBrs. 
BwibcHM.  or  ilucuratiou  of  a  Uliruy,  founded  on  the 

riiMl'ie'ceiito  *ty1e,    with   application  of  nntuml  fo 


of  llritijih  woods  and  British  ulorblH;  from 
by  Macijuoiil.  Plate  1  rcprcnentB  this  bookcaae, 
hu  been  execiil«d  fur  Her  Hajeatf. 


Coniola  table  and  gloBS,  th*  gloog  repraeDUug  a  lake, 
with  watar-plonta  ■urroundiog,  and   water-fowl  aa  sup- 

Wati^-lily  circular  table.    Bad,  or  sofa. 
Bed  or  sofa  readiug-deak,  to  uaiat  invalids  and  othun; 
invented  by  Captain  Twopeny,  jun.,  U.  9.  C 

102    TnoLLOFE,  QtotinE,  A  3unb,  15  ParliammtStrect, 

Wtvliiiiiitlfr — Diiiignera  and  MiumfoL-turen. 

Decoratiou  for  a  ceiling,  paiutud  in  encaustic. 

SidelKiard,  elaborately  carved  in  oak,  the  lower  panels 

repnaKinting  groupH  <if  Rame,  fish,  flowers,  and  fruit)  the 

friexe  illustrative  of  the  chase,  supported  by  figurea  and 

trophies   emblematical    of  the   sossons.      The    annexed 

□seuts  this  sideboard. 


Curred  oak  ilininf;' 
l.unl. 

Kuitv  of  furniture  for  a  bud-chambci 
ii-n-iiMiiiK  of  a  liedstntd,  a  wortlrulHi,  toilotte  tublo 
kIohi.  aul  B  •Bidi-Htaiii)  of  «tinw<HHl,  Iwudiil  with  t< 
w.-- 1.  TIh-  iwiH^Ia  of  iiuniuutriv,  each  of  thr  iiiliid  w. 
l-^iui;  <«•  lu  tliu  nnciPiit  m:>i\in<-ti-i>:}  of  it-  ii»t 
eoloiir,  and  not  artijiciolly  dynl  iK-vurdin);  to  thi 

^Ur\r•\  and  fcilt  ilriH-inii-i'iHUii  cliiiir,    iu  l(ali 
•  •icrrd  in  S|iitjilli(-liL<  nilk. 


J..i'l  X,-r  l!o»,l  fi.eel— 
r  iitxl  Miimifiu'lurtT. 
on,  uxliibitiiig  the  jiictori'd  nad 

rtoil  tiv  Mwana,  licsiKthil  from  n 
KxofSiithcrla'id.  Thi/i  table  BUd 
ntitl  iu  the  llati-  ni. 


746 


Class  2G.— PURXITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25  ;  L.  to  O.  21  to  24. 


''USITBD 


Smaller  table,  supported  by  storks,  in  enamel  of  white 
and  gold,  the  top  of  painted  glass. 

Console  table  and  glass  of  Italian  design,  inlaid  with 
mosaic,  to  imitate  the  pietredure  of  Florence. 

Small  cheval  screen,  with  a  painting  of  flowers.  En- 
coigimre,  consisting  of  shelves,  supported  by  gilt  dolphins. 

Ornamental  frame,  made  for  Her  Majesty,  designed  for 
the  engraving  of  the  portrait  of  His  Royal  Highness  the 
Prince  of  Wales. 

State  inkstand  of  or-molu,  inlaid  with  lapis  lazuli  and 
gems. 

Cabinet  of  tulip-wood,  inlaid,  and  enriched  with  mosaic. 

Carpet,  of  Glasgow  manufacture. 


165    NUNM  k  Sons,  19  Oreat  James  Street,  Bedford  Row 

— Designers. 
Chess  table,  made  of  Italian  walnut-wood,  with  bas- 
reliefs  in  electrotype  silver.     Chessmen,  carved  in  ivory. 


165a   Cunning,  William,  Edinburgh — ^Manufacturer. 

Improved  iron  rockiog-chair,  for  the  drawing-room,  in 
gold,  and  covered  with  I^nch  brocatel  (firom  Whytock's, 
Edinburgh).  In  this  chair  the  spine  and  back  are  sup- 
ported, and  the  head  and  neck  rest  in  a  natiural  position. 
Exhibited  as  a  useful  invention  for  invalids  and  others. 

Models  of  bedsteads,  one  in  brass  lacquered,  the' other 
in  iron,  japanned  in  imitation  oak,  and  in  the  French  style. 


166  Banting,  Wiluam  k  Thomas,  27  St,  James  Street 
— Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Circular  marquetrie  table,  with  likenesses  of  the 
Royal  Family  of  England,  painted  in  china,  inlaid  in  the 
border  of  the  top.  The  stand  inlaid  with  marquetrie, 
and  carved,  part  gilt,  and  the  whole  mounted  with 
or-molu  ornaments. 

Sideboard,  made  from  oak  grown  in  Windsor  forest,  on 
four  carved  truss  supports,  with  silvered  plate  glass  back, 
above,  in  carved  &ame. 

Satinwood  china  cabinet,  inlaid  with  marquetrie,  and 
brass  mountings. 

Secretaire  cabinet  of  kingswood,  with  English  china  in- 
laid, and  or-molu  ornaments. 

Oval  table  of  Amboyna  wood,  with  a  marquetrie  border 
of  sprays  of  jessamine,  and  brass  mountings. 


168  Fox,  Thomas,  93  Bishopsgate  Street  Within-- 

Manufacturer. 

Bedstead  of  walnut  tree,  gilt,  with  lofty  canopy  and 
drapery  of  blue  silk. 

1 69  DuRLET,  Thomas,  &  Co.,  66  &  67  Oxford  Street-— 

Manufacturers. 
Canopy  bedstead  of  walnut-tree,  in  the  Elizabethan 
style,   with  furniture  of  brocatelle,  of  English  manu- 
facture, and  bedding. 

170  Snell  &,  Co.,  27  Albemarle  Street — Manufacturers. 
Chimney  glass,  the  frame  carved  in  walnut-tree. 
Walnut-tree  cabinet,  for  a  library,  arranged  for  the 

reception  and  division  of  papers. 

Sideboard,  with  glass,  and  an  oval  cistern :  the  designs 
and  models  for  the  sculpture  by  Baron  Marochetti. 

Satin-wood  wardrobe,  with  a  glass  enclosing  the  robe 
press  in  centre. 

Oval  table,  with  marquetrie  border,  composed  of  natural 
woods,  without  staining.  Library  table.  Carved  fire- 
screen. Tea-poy,  with  marquetrie  and  metal  moimtings. 
Work-table,  with  or-molu  and  china  mountings.  Small 
i«entre  table  of  speckled  ebony,  with  the  same.  Library 
sofa  and  couch,  in  morocco.     Various  patterns  of  chairs. 

1 7 1  Webb,  John,  8  Old  Bond  -S'fre^— Manufacturer. 
Rock  crj'stal  vase  and  plateau,  of  the  16th  century, 

nith  ornamental  mountings  of  the  present  period,  ena- 
melJed  od  gold  by  Morel. 


Pftir  of  candelabra,  of  sculptured  wood,  gilt,  with  or-molu 
branches  carrying  72  lights.  One  of  these  candelabn  is 
represented  in  the  accompanying  Plate  (41). 

Elbow  and  single  cabriole  chairs,  car\'ed  in  walnut- 
tree,  and  finished  in  silk. 

Chess  table,  in  the  Qothio  st^le,  carved  in  walnut-tree, 
inlaid  with  Minton  and  Co.'s  tiles. 

Stand  for  old  inlaid  top,  carved  in  walnut-troe  in  the 
renaissance  style. 


172  Braun  &  Co.,  Old  Fish  Street  j/i/^— Manufacturen. 
Pedestal  glass  ornament. 

173  Sandeman,  George,  9  Oreenside  Street,  Edinburgh 

— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
The  Holyrood  seat.     Design  of  an  ottoman  with  rests, 
ornamented  all  round  with  thistle  foliage,  boldly  carved 
in  darit  oak.  

174  Smeb,  William,  &,  Son,  6  Finsbury  Pavement — 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Ifahogany  canopy  bedstead,  in  the  Tudor  style,  with 
hangings  of  crimson  silk,  of  Spitalfields'  manufacture. 

Maple  wood  bedstead,  with  hangings  of  blue  silk. 
Cabinet  in  the  Louis  Quatorze  style,  of  walnut,  kins 
and  tulip  wood,  inlaid  with  marquetrie,  and  mounted 
with  or-molu,  chased  and  gilt. 

Cabinet  of  walnut  wood,  with  veined  marble  top,  and 
marquetrie  panel,  surmounted  by  a  glass,  in  a  canred 
walnut- wood  frame. 

Set  of  St.  Domingo  mahogany  extending  dining-tables, 
upon  carved  standard  supports,  with  the  patent  screw 
movement,  by  Hawkins,  for  opening  and  closing  tables. 

175  Watson,  G.,  42  Spring  Street,  Paddington— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Octagon  marquetrie  table,  with  ebony  moulding;  rovil 
arms  in  centre,  surrounded  by  ribbons,  with  tropiuet 
of  arms  and  bouquets  of  flowers ;  border  of  the  four 
seasons  in  scroll  and  flowers;  and  four  sections  in  scroll, 
birds,  flowers,  and  butterflies,  alternately. 

176  ToMASiNi,  D.,  234  Tottenham  Court  Road— 

Manufacturer. 
Chair,  with  rich  figured  satin. 


\ 


177  Wertheimer,  Samson,  35  Qreek  Street,  Soho  Square— 

ManuJBficturer. 

Jewel-casket  wrought  into  shape,  pierced,  richly  en- 
graved, or-molu  mountings,  malachite  and  different  stout 
settings,  finished  inside  with  silk  velvet,  mounted  on  s 
gold  carved  stand,  in  the  cinque-cento  style.  This  caskst 
and  stand  are  represented  in  the  cut  on  the  next  page. 

Jewel-casket,  with  plateau,  engraved  in  the  Ginqoe- 
cento  style,  with  china  inlayings. 

Louis  XrV.  work-box,  chased,  piereed,  engraved,  gilt 
in  or-molu,  moimted  with  ornaments  and  pcNphjry. 

Chased  and  gilt  metal  workbox,  linea  with  rdn^ 
pierced,  in  the  Louis  XVI.  style. 

Two  candelabra  for  lights,  with  chased  oraameiits  is 
or-molu,  of  the  period  of  Louis  Quatorae,  one  in  oMtal, 
the  other  with  china  mountings. 

Or-molu  inkstand  with  pen  tray,  and  China  plaques,  in 
the  cinque-cento  style. 

Or-molu  inkstand  vnth.  pen  tray,  in  the  French  style, 
with  China  plaques. 

Elmbossed,  pierced,  and  engraved  inkstand,  in  the  Queen 
Elizabeth  style,  mounted  with  malachite;  and  two  Chins 
bottles. 

Inkstand,  in  the  style  of  Cellini,  mounted  with  mala- 
chite, highly  chased  and  richly  gilt  in  or-molu. 

Chased  and  gilt  work-box,  m  the  style  of  Louis  XIV., 
pierced  and  lined.  Paper  knife,  ornamented,  chased  and 
gUt. 

Bell  and  match-box,  richly  engraved  and  gilt,  with  sioot 
settings,  in  the  cinque-cento  style. 

Bell,  the  Queen  Elizabeth,  chased,  and  set  with  diSensI 
«iones. 


41.  CADDBUBKl'M.      MK.   WKllU,  43.      ISXPAXDI HO  PLATEAU.      KEnM.  JOUMOH  ADD  Jl 


PAHEB  MACHf;,  AND  JAPAXNED  GOOHS. 
Arka«  r.  J.  la  TO  25  ;  T,.  to  O.  21  to  24. 


■L-itt.n.,-.isir..tiltiii!.'>'. 
]-.r.i.  kft  tHlil.',  K|>-<'liii-ii  ..f  ix-trifnc^iuc  fiMin  Iwly,  tin 


Irtll     ItBlsuwirK.  MmTHII_  i:-:  .\W«.  m  f^rrrt,  f^f.f,l 
.'■Y.-i .  I     Ih-'.i^jiiiT  nml  ManiifiK-tiiivr. 
iirjiiutriu  cliifTiiiitiii'n',  inlai-l  in  mJniil.  kiiig,  tiiU|i. 


748 


Class  26.— PURNITUKE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
Abbas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  O.  21  to  24. 


''Umtkd 


fiuiahed  with  bnuw  aad  other  ornaments,  and  varioua- 
coloured  slate. 

181  Le  MERCiEai,  Sarah  S.  A.,  Ehn-iree  House, 

f/amniersmith — Inventor. 
Registered  chair,  invented  in  honour  of  H.R.H.  Prince 
of  Wales ;  the  tapestry  work  is  executed  from  a  drawing 
by  Mogford. 

182  NicoLL,  Thomas,  39  Orcnt  Tichfield  Street— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
A  case  with  two  i>attem  frames,  for  wTiter-colour  or 
crayon  dra^^-ings.  A  che\'a]  screen,  carved  in  wood  and 
gilt,  which  may  be  used  as  a  frame  to  show  water-colour 
or  crayon  drawings ;  the  top  centre  ornament  may  be 
used  as  a  candelabra  for  five  lights,  or  a  vase  for  flownrs ; 
the  back,  by  withdrawing  four  l)olt«.  will  open  and  form 
a  music-stimd  or  a  chess  or  coffee  table.  Tlie  subject  of 
the  picture  is  a  pastel  painting  on  vellum,  ''  Peace  and 
Plenty,  results  of  Freedom  and  Industry." 

183  Lecand,  Samuel,  246  Tottenham  Court  Road— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Genius  of  Commerce,  console  frame  and  table,  in  the 
style  of  Louis  XIV.,  carved  in  American  pine  and  lime- 
tree,  and  double  gilt  in  mat  and  burnished  gold ;  with 
silvered  plate-glass.  The  top  of  table  is  of  statuary 
marble.     This  mirror  is  represented  in  the  Plate  61. 

184  W1LKIN8ON,  W.  ft  C,  14  Lndsfate  Iim- 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Carved  four-post  bedstead,  of  walnut-wood,  French- 
polished,  with  a  shield  in  the  cornice  for  crest,  carved 
and  stuffed  head-board,  &c. ;  with  a  furniture  of  crimson 
cloth,  trimmed  with  machine-embroidery  in  lieu  of  gimp, 
with  satin  medallion  valance,  edged  with  silk  fHnge; 
showing  a  new  design,  and  a  new  ad^tation  of  embroidery 
by  machinery  in  the  furniture.  Sprmg  mattress,  on  a  new 
principle,  capable  of  being  used  on  both  sides,  instead  of 
being  made  in  a  wood  case;  also  an  upper  mattress  and 
bolster.     DoMm  quilt  in  a  silk  case. 

Wing  wardrobe  of  a  new  design,  veneered  with  fine 
walnut- wood  on  mahogany;  with  plate  glass  in  centre 
door,  and  carved  cornice;  and  fitted  ^Hth  hangings,  closet, 
drawers,  trays,  &c. 

Pedestal  dressing-table,  of  selected  mahogany,  with  a 
cheval  glass  in  the  centre  part,  and  stuffed  cushion  for 
the  feet  in  velvet,  &c. 

An  ornamental  secretaire,  of  tulip-wood,  zebra-wood, 
and  rose- wood,  with  fine  brass  ornaments ;  the  desk  lined 
with  two  leathers,  inlaid. 

A  tulip-wood  jardinier,  banded  with  rosewood,  and 
ornamented  with  brass. 

A  rosewood  cheval  screen  fitted  with  pi  ate -glass,  orna- 
mented with  twisted  work,  fret-work,  &c. 

185  Carter,  M.,  40  Mary  Street,  Lo*rcr  Tfampstcad  Road 

— Designer  and  Pro<lucer. 
Altar-piece,  painted  in  the  early  English  style  of  church 
decoration. 

1 86  GiLLOW  &  Co.,  176  Oxford  Street  and  Lancaster — 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Mahogany  sideb^u^,  supported  by  car\'ed  eagles. 
Oval  uine-cooler. 

Walnut  circular  table;  library  table  imd  chair;  carved 
Wanstead  sofa,  with  peculiar  shifting,  in  morocco. 
Eiiglinh  yew  cabinet  secretaire,  lined  with  cedar. 

Circular  table  of  fine  English  porcelain,  with  painted 
landsca]>e8  and  figures,  groups  antl  WTeaths  of  tl<>wer«; 
on  carved  support :  the  porcelain  by  W.  T.  CojKjland. 

Mahogany  picture  frame,  carved  in  Gothic  style,  and 
relievetl  with  gold,  &c.,  from  a  design  by  Mr.  Pugin. 

English  oak,  from  a  tree  grown  in  \\Tiittlebury  Forest, 
Northamptonshire — a  sample  of  English  pi-oduce  and 
manufacture. 

[The  botanical  name  of  the  tree  yielding  mahogany  is 

Sftietenia  mahogani.     Its  principal  habitats  are  the  West 

Indies  and  Central  America,  in  which  countries  the  tree 

Mttaine  majestic  proportions.     Finely-marked  logs  o!  ma- 


hogany sometimes  realise  almost  incredible  sums.  A 
single  log,  1.')  feet  in  length  and  3  feet  square,  has  been 
sold  for  1,000/,  The  importations  into  Great  Britain 
amount  to  about  25,000  tons  annually. — R.  E.] 


187  Jennens  and  Bettridge,  6  Halkin  Strert  Weft, 
lielijrave  Square,  awl  Binnimjfuim — Manufacturers 
and  Designers. 

"The  Victoria  R^gia"  papier  machd  cot,  designed  by 
J.  Boll,  sculptor,  wrought  in  gold  and  colours  of  embl»*- 
matical  de>*icos. 

Registered  pianoforte,  in  papier  mach<$  (scven-(K;tave 
sonii -cottage),  the  mechanism  by  Dimoline,  of  Bristol : 
the  form  and  decoration  in  the  Italian  style.  PapitT 
mach<5  music-stool  and  Canterbury,  en  suite. 

"The  multum  in  uno"  papier  mach^  loo  table,  c<»in- 
biiiing  chess,  draughts,  bagatelle  tables,  hjo.  Papier  niar:h<^ 
lady's  work-table,  of  new  form,  ornamented  and  appro- 
priately furnished.     Provisionally  registered. 

"The  lotus  work-table,"  in  papier  machd,  on  an  im- 
proved principle.     Provisionally  registered. 

Papier  machd  tdte-h-tdte  chaise-lounge,  ornamented  with 
acanthus  in  white  and  gold. 

"Le  toumoi,"  "  Jeu  de  la  Reine,"  invented  by  L«^>ys^l. 

Set  of  i)apier  machd  toilet  furniture,  dove-coli>urtNl 
ground,  relieved  A^ith  gold. 

Papier  machd  chairs :  the  Gothic  illuminated ,  prie-4li«Mi 
(the  back  and  seat  of  painted  velvet,  and  various  other 
chairs. 

The  "day  dreamer," — an  easy  chair,  designefl  by  H. 
Fitz  Cook,  and  manuifoctured  in  papier  mach<5,  by  the 
exhibitors.  The  chair  is  decorated  at  the  top  T^ith  two 
winged  thoughts — ^the  one  vdih  bird-like  pinions,  and 
crowned  with  roses,  representing  happy  and  joyous 
dreams;  the  other  with  leathern  bat-like  wings — unplea- 
sant and  troublesome  ones.  Behind  is  displayed  Hojie, 
under  the  figure  of  the  rising  sun.  The  twisted  supports 
of  the  back  are  omamentetl  lanth  the  poppy,  heartfl-ease, 
convolvulus  and  snow-tlrop,  all  emblematic  of  the  sub- 
ject. In  front  of  the  seat  is  a  shell,  containing  the  ht«d 
of  a  cherub,  and  on  either  side  of  it,  pleasant  and  troubled 
dreams  are  represented  by  figures.  At  the  side  is  seen  a 
figure  of  Puck,  lying  asleep  in  a  labyrinth  of  foliage,  and 
holding  a  branch  of  i>oppies  in  his  hand.  The  style  of 
the  ornament  is  Italian.  The  accompanying  Plate  (.'to) 
represents  this  chair. 

Bachelor's  sideboard,  on  a  new  principle.  An  inkstand, 
with  group  of  deer  and  hounds,  designed  by  H.  M'Carthy, 
sctilptor. 

Various  papier  machd  articles,  curiously  ornamented; 
such  as  inkstan<ls,  reading-stands,  sofa-tables,  work-boxes 
and  baskets,  writing-desks,  albums,  portfolios,  wine  and 
tea  trays,  &c.  The  Pacha's  trav,  finely  omamenteii. 
Assortment  of  pa])ier  machd  trays  for  hotels,  &c.  IVipior 
machd  "standish,"  "ddjeAner  tray,"  and  bottle-stan<l. 
Pair  of  papier  machd  Pompeian  flower-staniUi.  Papier 
machd  tea-tray,  chest,  and  caddy.  (Hasp  tea-caddy,  on 
an  improved  principle,  by  H.  M'Carthy. 

A  hemaniscope,  on  a  new  pnnciple,  invented  by  Dr. 
Keele.  — Registered. 

Pattern  canl  of  finger-plates,  patent  inlaid  gems.  Four 
tea-trays,  exhibitetl  for  their  chej^nw^,  being  of  the 
second  quality  ^Mipier  machd  (or  "  pulp"). 

[There  are  two  modes  of  manufacturing  "  papier 
mache "  articles :  the  first  is  by  pasting  paper  in  shetrts 
upon  models,  and  the  second  by  pressing  in  dies,  the 
pulp  of  paper.  The  foniier  produces  the  best  quality, 
and  the  latter  the  least  expensive  and  inferior  kinds.  The 
specimens  above-named  as  "exhibited  for  their  chaip- 
ness,"  are  of  the  latter  description,  and  the  rest  are  of 
the  former. 

The  exhibitors*  patent  process  of  inlaying  mother-of- 
pearl,  consists  in  {xincilling  the  proposed  design  u{K)n  the 
pieces  of  pearl,  in  a  vehicle  adapted  to  resist  acids,  and 
then  removing,  by  acids,  the  superfluous  portionsy  leaving 
\  ^lA^  \\io«Q  vjYoftVv.  «cc^  \Mn.cilled. 


PAI'IER  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Abeab  1.  J.  UP  TO  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  w  24. 


haSitj  or  (u 


advantagCB  of  tiiu  process  conaut  ii 
iroducibla  b;  the  pencil,  and  the  gn 
itiufltMdufthsuw.l 


168     EuiURK.  WIU.UM  Wai.teb,  12  PMimd  Strttt, 
I'jfnni  Streft — ManufiicturBr. 
Vtrioiu    imitatiiiiu   of   jspan   work.       Cabinet  doors 
ad  folillnf!  fire-ncreen.  in  iuiitatioii  uf  India  Japan,  oma- 
■anmi  with  i^ilil  anil  inlaid  with  mother-of-pearl. 

Table,  fmiiiCed  in  imitation  of  marble.     Fancj  table, 
■lituiiun  of  TeiKian  work.    Chee»-table,  imitation  eb«n; 


189    CLii,  Henbt,  *Co.,  17  *  18  Kia-j^rcd,  Cunut 

Chiffonnibre.  in  papier  niAohi!,  omameDted  \a  motber- 
of-Dearl,  gold,  andoolourBi  Uie  panels,  groups  of  fruita, 
and  floo'er*. 

Toilet-table  and  glaia,  in  papier  machi!,  new  design 
and  principle,  with  chair  and  footstool  m  taite.  Thc«e 
are  repreaonl^d  in  the  following  enRIurinft. 

Table   fire-acreoiui    with    the  centre!    in   needlework. 
Iliformins,  cUaBJcol  deeigns.     Potpourri  jan,  peiirl  and 
Tea-cheat,   ornamented  in  the  Alhauibra  style. 
,       work-tra;.   gold    and   flowera.      llie    Begeucy 
'riting-da»k,  ornamented. 


gold, 
Lady'i 


WDlnl  i 
Jft*  Di 


■»■  mndohi  and  dui 
'  nuK-y,  the  cuiK.w  ...   »'•-"■ 
ri-t-iirl.     Thill  talila  is   tvpre- 
>n  tlie  nf.^t  yM/f!. 


if  Rlnm.  '  placed  agaiu't  a  titraiKht  wall  or 

' —   -    -niicircle  round   the   tea-ti 

.  central  eirouliir  ottiK.i.in. 


M  /(,-.„r,,/.,.r  .*[.,  ;/.,;'«,n-MBnuf,u,ti 

., 111.-,  inlaid  with  [hbu-I,  nnd  uniaiin; 

l>iiniLtlii.'>l  i;iilil,  tu:.     uriici'inl  •liMi^^i. 
i  V-  '™y*-     '■"I'"'-'-  "™l"'  i.l..ltiiiKl««.k,   iiik-W 


'T  Kn;;lii>h  wnrktiirn. 


MalxifartiiivrH. 


U-ul-'^A— Sciilirt. 


CHArM«.v,  JuiiN,  lit  i:-<>t 
(*arve<l  "ak  Golbic  l»'>king-i:laaK  frame,  cif  the  jvqiui 
lii-tiLu-  Htylt',  )>«fu.wiu)!  the  flat  an-li.     TKh  fiitnrvo  in  tl 
tichtw  uv  intrndi-il  tii  n'pn'iient  the  Hsiiite  of  Hifrht;   m 
^K^ina'l-^k!^"'""    ""^     mauurror. 
I;i2  SoWKRnv  U  CasTU:.  ■!'}  AWn  ."Inrt, 

(■'■-l.lX.'-   7-..-«-    IllV,.Utn|-H. 

Oeometrical  ottoni.ui  imiu'li.   (ronstmotiil   mi  as  t<i  a 


CcAiM  20.— FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HAKGINGS. 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  2fi ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  2*. 


105  BoADKLLA,  JpAM,  Ti  C/uirloUe  Street,  FittraijSqiari, 

— Manufactii  rer. 

Manjiietrie  table,  npplioibla  for  n  tollies'  work-Uble, 

rea/llng  and  writitu-deak,  nrtista'  colour  box  anA  easel, 

with  icreeii  ittteched. 

il  cabinet,  coDtwDing  tS  drawers,  14  of  which  lock 


le  saine  time. 


r  inUid  work,  ( 


194     W 


vl,  ,%An- 


ft  SojJI,  36  GerrardSIr 
Mnnu&cturera. 
CarreU  Arabian  b«latead,  io  whito  uid  gnid,  with  lulk 
hangings. 

195    fioOKM,  WlUJAH  QtBBS,  \0  Cirlilli!  Street,  Snho— 

Manufacturer. 

Carved  glasa  fmns,  eiociited  for  the  late  Wentwnrth 
BeaumoDt,  Ksq.,  aud  exhibited  bj  penuiBaioD  of  Mm. 
UeMimoDt. 

Two  glitH  fiwnee  eoriched  with  dead  gams,  embtems 
of  the  chaH,  and  groups  of  fivit  and  floiren,  executed 
forWentworth  Beaumont,  Esq.;  exhibited  bj  psmiisBion 
of  Lord  Londeaborough.     Dead  game. 


Diuing-table  and   dining-rc 
Protean  dining-table.     Parquetrie, 
flooring. 

I'anelling,  Ac,  manufectured  in  various  deugni  anda>- 
loiirs,  by  macldnery.   Omameatal  Holland  window-blioi 

Saloon  commode  of  English  buhl,  inlaid  with  tortM- 
shell  and  coloiira,  with  or-molu  mounts.  Oral  bohl 
table,  fn  mitt.     Qothic  altar-chair,  carved  bj  inacliiiMn' 


IflJ 


Hasiioh,  Samdel,  a  Sons, 

(>xfo,.ISlr.    -      " 

Ornamental  walnut-wood  cabi 


6  Jola  >(.fr(, 


ifactur 


ith  glased  dooii.  fat 
:Bption  and  display  of  cbiua,  bronaeH,  or  articlMof 
vertu,  Burmountod  with  a  carved  glazed  liame,  in  "Iw* 
are  introduced  various  repreeentations  of  birds,  luch  u 
the  egret,  bittern,  blackbird.  woodp«cker,  jay.  hark, 
magpie,  cuckoo,  and  sundry  eniall  English  birds,  vahnual.t 
arranged  on  an  onk  and  a  cheanut  tree,  Ac. 

Oval  carved  frame  fur  a  mirror,  and  sundry  apeciiMnf 
of  cai'ving  and  furniture. 


19fi     PiiAT-r,  Samfel,  jVeir^oBrfSf.— Manufacturer. 

Carved  sideboard,  of  English  walnut,  in  the  Elizabethan 
Mtfle;  th«  marquetrie  and  fretwork  cirt  by  machinerj. 


■  198    DossE,  George  Johm,  1.^.1  LendmliiU  Stmt— 
Manu&cturer. 
Looking-glass;    plat«-glasi,     manubcturvd    at  Smtii 


J 


Kingdom.  ] 


PAPIER  MACH6,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  O.  21  to  24. 


751 


Specimen  of  attAnn  (or  the  finest  quality  of  Moulmein 
teak  timber),  for  railway  carriages,  ship  and  house  build- 
'iDf^,  and  all  purposes  where  perfectly  straight  timber  is 
required. 

[The  teak  tree  (Tectona  grandis)  yields  a  timber  in 
many  respects  remarkable  and  peculiar.  It  requires  little 
time  to  season,  and  when  worked  up  does  not  shrink  like 
onlinary  wood.  Ships  of  teak  have  been  known  to  last 
I0»>  years,  owing  to  the  almost  indestructible  native  of 
the  timber.  The  Moulmein,  or  Maulmain,  teak  is  largely 
im]iorted  into  England,  and  is  also  extensively  employed 
in  ship-building  in  the  East  Indies.  It  is  lighter  and  of 
more  open  grain  than  the  teak  from  Malabar.  Its  appli- 
cation to  railway  carriages  is  becoming  extensive,  since  it 
is  found  that  the  common  timber  of  which  they  are  con- 
structed shrinks  greatly,  in  consequence  of  the  constant 
pawage  of  the  vehicle  through  the  air  in  rapid  motion. — 
R.  E.] 

109  PosrtoxBT,  Thomas,  Renent  Circus,  Pieoaditty— 
Designer  and  ManufeM^urer. 
Lai^  chlmney-^ass,  with  carved  and  gilt  frame. 
I^rge  antique  girandole,  carved  and  gilt,  with  branches. 
Altar  triptich  Gothic,  elaborately  carved,  and  doors  and 
fvuiels  emblazoned  and  illuminated.  Sundry  patterns  of 
pierced  and  engraved  pictiu^-frames. 

200  SrocKKf,  Charles,  53  Regmt  Street— 

Manufacturer. 

Coromandel  wood  and  brass-bound  dressing-cases,  with 
silver  mountings  and  chased  edges  on  an  improved  prin- 
ciple, with  expanding  sides  and  drawer.  Ladies'  work- 
box,  stationery-case,  and  writing-desk  combined,  with 
expanding  sides,  and  gold  fittings. 

Ebony  envelope-case  and  blotting-book  en  tuite,  orna- 
mented with  imitation  iron- work,  in  rich  metal;  g^t 
mountings:  style,  13th  century.  Walnut-tree  wood 
envelope-case  and  blotting-book  en  suite,  enriched  vnih 
metal  gilt  niouiitingH;  design,  ornamental  wroll-work. 
The  i>aiue  in  morocco  with  raised  borders.  Papier  mach<5 
Ktationery-cam)  and  blotting-book  en  suite,  inlaid  with 
gviiis  in  imitation  of  diamoucis,  rubies,  pearls,  &c. 

201  CiooDlsoN,  JoHK,  14  C'llinm  Street,  Fenchurch  Street 

— Pro<lucer. 
Specimen--j  of  various  decorations. 

202  Hunter,  W.,  J.  R.,  k  E.,  30  Moorgate  Street— 

Maniifucturera. 
Sideboard  of  fine  Kiiglinh  walnut-tree,  supported  on 
two  comiicojiiHS  and  dolphinri'  heads,  which  are  carved 
%kith  fruit,  flower»,  and  figures  representing  Youth  and 
<  >ld  A;;e.  In  the  centre  of  the  back  is  the  hoa<l  of  Bac- 
chus*. flurmounte<l  with  the  palm.  The  vine,  hop,  and 
oak  flow  in  clusters,  with  the  hound  and  wild  boar  on 
each  side.  A  marble  nlab,  from  Galway,  forms  the  table 
jKxrt;  and  there  is  a  cellaret  below,  imiciiio  in  design  and 
cxecuti«>n,  with  two  chaint  to  correspond.  This  side- 
Inxund  is  represeute<l  in  the  accomi>anying  Plate  '29. 

20.3  Levien,  JofiAN  Martin,  10  Davieif  Street,  Grosvenor 
S'fUitre — l)ei»i>^er  and  Manufacturer. 

Carved  si<lel)oard  of  New  ZetUand  w<kx1,  the  back  re- 
presenting nymphs  and  Hatj'rs,  Hurrotnide<l  by  foliage;  at 
the  endrt  are  medallion  |>ortraits  of  Queen  Victoria  and 
Prince  AU»ert. 

Encrit^iire  of  satin-wood  in  the  I^oiiis  XIV.  style,  inlaid 
with  tulip-wood,  and  ornamented.  Jewel-case  of  tulip 
and  king-wo<Ml.  omaitiente<l  with  or-molu,  and  inlaid  with 
Sevres  china.  C'oiiiino<lo  of  i*atin-woo<l,  in  the  LoiiinXlV, 
style,  inlaid  with  tulip-wood,  designed  by  Rosber^. 


Subject  of  the  alto-relievo  bronse  panel :  on  the  right, 
"  Baucis  and  Philemon;"  on  the  left,  "  The  judgment  of 
Midas."  This  sideboard  is  represented  in  the  accom- 
panying Plate  64. 

205         Hebbing,  Robert  Wiujam,  &  Sons, 
109  fleet  Street — Decorators. 

Cheval  dressing-glass,  carved  in  wood  in  the  style  of 
Louis  XIV.,  and  guded  to  imitate  the  Roman  or-molu. 

Writing  table,  mounted  with  or-molu  enrichments. 
Upon  the  top,  in  rich  noarquetrie,  is  represented  a  garden 
scene  with  figures,  after  the  manner  of  Lancret. 

Centre  table,  made  of  fine  walnut-wood,  inlaid  with 
metals,  ivory,  and  pearl.  As  a  border,  divided  bjr  trophies 
inlaid  in  white  metal  and  pearl,  are  the  six  subjects,  de- 
signed by  Flaxman,  "The  opening  of  Pandora's  box," 
imaid  in  brass  and  etched. 

One  of  the  objects  in  view  is  to  exhibit  an  application 
of  the  products  of  high  art  to  the  embellishment  of  ordi- 
nary fiimiture.     


204      Poole  k  Maccillivray,  25  Princess  Start, 
C'lvemitAh  Squ'ire-  \.)e»i'^on  and  Mimufacturer**. 
Sideboard  in  walnut-tree,  with  car\'ed  and  bronze  enrich- 
ments ;   the  pe<lestals  supported   by  chinuera  trusses. 


206  Caldboott,  Messrs.,  53  k  54  Great  Russell  Street, 

Bloomsbury — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Sideboard  made  of  English  timber  oak,  in  the  renais- 
sance style. 

Octagon  table,  showing  specimens  of  fine  Amboyna 
wood,  and  inlaying. 

207  Richardson,  Charles  James,  2  Keppel  Street, 

Russell  S^iwire — Architect. 
Carved  oak  frame  and  picture  cornice,  intended  for  the 
new  dining-room,  Elast  Sutton  Place,  Kent.  (Mr.  Lear- 
mouth,, maker.)  Carved  oak  frame,  made  by  the  drill  (on 
Irving's'  Patent).  Examples  of  coloured  lithographic 
printing  (from  the  presses  of  Mr.  Day  and  Mr.  McLean). 
Design  of  a  chinmey-piece,  ornamented  with  Parian 
statuettes.  D^gn  for  the  decoration  of  a  panel  in  the 
Persian  style.  Designs  for  furniture,  ironwork,  deco- 
rations, pi^ier-hangings,  kc.,  in  the  Elizabethan  style. 
Carved  oak  table  and  stool,  the  principal  blocking  out  done 
by  the  drill,  on  Irving's  Patent,  Mr.  Learmoutn,  maker. 
Mounted  horn,  the  mounting  executed  by  Mr.  Jackard, 
student  of  the  School  of  Design,  Somerset  House. 

208  Bailes,  Henry,  29  Tvttcnfujm  Street — Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 

Inlaid  marquotrie  door,  suitable  for  a  mansion,  or  club- 
house, with  bold  carved  frame  and  architrave,  complete. 

Pair  of  therms  inlaid  with  marquetrie,  and  mounteil 
with  or-molu. 

Fniit  and  flower  pieces,  with  ornamental  border  in 
marquetrie. 

200     Harding  &  Son,  65  Fi/rc  Street,  CripiAegnte— 

Manufactiu^rs. 
Walnut  table.     The  top  and  sides  are  inlaid  with  mar- 
quetrie, of  BVench  manufacture. 

210  Woollams,  WiLLLiM,  &  Co.,  110  High  Street, 

Martflef)^yne — Manufactiu*er8. 
Decorative  paper  hangings  in  various  styles.  Alhanibra, 
Pompeiian,  aralxMCiue  pilasters, and  raised  gold  mouldings; 
a  screen  of  various  new  Hpecimens  of  jwiper  hangings. 
One  of  these  paper  himgings  in  arabesque  style  is  repre- 
sented in  the  Plato  38.     {Last  Gallery.) 

211  MiNTER,  George,  :>1  Frith  Sireti,  Soho— 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Invalid  couch,  or  l>ed,  being  a  great  improvement  in 
the  arrangement  and  con»truction  of  this  article.  A 
person  can  be  place<l  on  it  in  any  requirtnl  position,  and 
can  l>e  raise<i  from  an  horizontal  to  a  sitting  |)osition, 
without  iK'ing  diHturbe<l  by  the  necessity  of  using  their 
own  cxcrtioiiH,  or  by  thoi<e  of  an  attendant.  Tlie  sim- 
plicity of  the  invention  iimUing  it  more  effective  and 
ojwy  in  the  tnunit  from  <)n«'  |  o^ition  to  another,  (which 
can  be  jiccompliKlietl  by  a  chiM.)  than  any  of  the  various 
articles  of  the  kind  previotinly  in  use;  one  of  which  is 
generally  known  as  Dr.  Karl's  »*pinal  or  fracture  couch. 
The  advantage  of  the  present  invention  coniiists  m  the 


[■-'■•'•  1 


[Okhcial  IiJA'STHATKI)  ('ATAI,<ir.rK.l 


r,  K 


applicatioD  of  three  ArchiiaedeBii  or  eodleu  gcrewa,  one  tumisg  the  hasdle  at  the  aide,  th«  knee-joint  U  niee 
of  which,  b;  turning  the  top  handle  at  the  end  of  the  and  the  couch  then  SHuiaee  the  pontioo  ahown  in  tl 
couch,  runs  the  back  to  on;  desired  elevation;  and  by  | .  '      ' 


Uinlw'i  InnlM  Conch.    Rtdlnlni  fnitlan. 
1,  b;  taming  the  bottom  handle  at  the  head  of  |  euita  the  invalid.    The  i 


the  oouch,  the  whole  of  the  top  fimm  is  acted  upon,  and  I  traudt   from  one    poaition 

the  oouch  aaiumea  the  position  shown  in  the  following    available,  as  the  couch  remains  fixed  at  all 

cut.    rhee«  poaiUons  can  be  varied,  more  or  less,  aa  beet  |  when  turning  the  handlea  attached  to  the  i 


incliiMtions  dilrii«  the 


MiBtai'*  Innlld  Coath. 


211a      Whitoombe,  a,,  ChelterAam — Designer  and 
Hanufocturer. 
Portrait  fmmM,  carved  and  gilt. 
Toilat-glasi,  in  carved  and  ^t  frame. 


212  Bell,  Dawson,  lO  Jnn  atrtet,  Bttftat,  Ir^md— 
Manufacturer. 
Carved  devotioaal  chair,  of  bog  oak,  a  wood  found 
in  the  Irish  peat-boga,  at  a  considerable  depth,  being 
the  renuJDB  of  the  ancient  foreata;  ite  dark  colour  ia 
acquired  by  the  action  of  the  peat.  In  the  carving  are 
introduced  the  figures  of  Hope  and  Plentj,  with  a  chasing 
of  shamrocks,  scrolls  of  oak  leaves,  and  the  harp  of 
Brien  Boroihrne,  an  ancient  king  of  Ireland;  the  stringa 
are  of  native  silver  wire.  The  upper  arm  of  the  harp  ia 
ornamented  with  two  crystals,  termed  "  Irish  diamonda." 
Over  the  harp  is  a  shield,  with  the  arms  of  the  O'Briens; 
and  surmounting  all,  the  ancient  Irish  crown.  Au  Irish 
wolf-dog,  couchant  (species  now  extinct),  is  at  the  aide  of 
the  liaip.  The  device  in  needlework,  on  the  panel,  was 
designed  b;  the  exhibitor,  and  executed  in  Betlost,  being 
a  group  of  national  emblems  ;  a  minstrel  and  his  harp, 
an  oak,  wolfJog,  round  tower,  caatle  in  ruins,  braaen 
vase,  antique  trumpets,  shamrocks,  and  oak  leaves. 
The  covering  of  the  cushion  Is  in  keeping  with  the  panel, 
representing  the  nietber  or  drinking-cup,  charter  horn, 
shields,  Bworda,  ancient  royal  crown,  war  pennon,  bow. 


rawings  of  existing  relics. 


213  AflPiKWALL  t,  Son,  TO  Qmimur  StrMt- 

HanutactureiB,  and  ProprMon. 

Registered  card-table.    Dining-room  idali 

paratus,  by  which  various  inclinsiionB  can  ba 


214  Cbatlin,  Tbomas,  Stm  7Wi  Stmt,  Kintm% 

fretand — Mannfactulw. 

Ornamented  circular  oak  table,  on  {nllar,  tripod.  ■! 

claw,  without  clamps,  retchea,  and  thumb  amBBi;  «W 

top  veneered  in  flguree ;  outside  border  inlaid  WM  m^ 

lesvea  and  aooma;  and  solid  moulding  roand  th*  loy> 

215  CiTBRAN,  J.,  ft  Sons,  Zufrum,  Co.  Antritt,  Ti  ilmi 

Deaignera,  Carvers,  uid  ManuActorsn, 
Sculptured  and  perforated  arm-chair,  from  tlMMtiilM; 
with  &iiit  and  foliage  from  nature,  but  grotesque  fai«a; 
of  Irish  black  bog-oak,  found  in  Moynt^^'s  Meaa,  BalliB- 
derry,  Antrim,  Ireland,  made  by  throe  poor  working  m^ 
expressly  for  the  Great  Elxhibition.  It  ooonpiad  ths 
workmen  during  eif^t  montho,  at  unlimited  boors;  ths 
covering  of  the  seat  and  back  are  of  dimaon-alk  Wn^ 
manufactured  by  E.  Jones,  3  St.  Andrew-rtteaC  Doblin. 
A  piece  of  the  wood  in  ita  seasoned,  but  unSi^iAad  state. 
Origuwlpendldemgnabf  theuMkor^  wtwan  Mlf-taa^L 


\ 


PAI'IER  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Abeas  1.  J.  10  TO  25 ;  L.  TO  O.  21  to  24. 


217  V^vlNDEB,  J.,  Lutouln — Inveotor. 
Sob  bedsUad  or  couch. 

218  BiooM,  William,  6.'>  WWi>S("rt,  O^i/'onJS'lriwl— 

luveotor  and  Miuiiifanturer. 
Folding  Bpring  uiattreu. 

219  ItaiMJE,  JoHH,  WttU,  Samertet — Hanufacturar. 
Ilodel,  in  Kngtish  oak,  of  t,  chair  formerly  the  property 

of  Abbot  Wbityng ;  now  in  the  posBaauoD  of  the  Biihop 
of  Bath  and  Wella. 

Miniature  model,  ia  ivorf,  of  the  aame  chair,  on  a  scale 
oniincfa  to  a  foot. 


221  CottaH,  Edwakd,  3  V/indey  Stnei,  Oxfvrd  Street— 
InTentor  and  Manufacturer. 
Tlie  riieiocluie,  or  patent  ipriDg  badataad,  exhibiting 
an  improTed  form  of  spring  mattreaa. 


222     Ha«w«o«'b  Wood  Cabtiho  Compaht,  Sanelagh 
Raid,  Thaina  Bank,  Pini/i.'O— Producer. 
Cabinet,  in  carved  oak.    Thia  cabinet  ia  represented  in 
thfl  accompanying  engraving.     It   is  formisd  of  Britiah 
wood,  coloured  by  being  cliarred  by  heat. 


224     EvAim,  Francis,  ifl  Albert  Sire 

Inventor. 
Miide  stand,  constnictod  of  one  rile 
can  be  opened  out  with  li-gn.  duik,  nliil' 
Modal  of  a  chair  conatructed  on  the  i 


225    CAWI.BV,  JosKFB,  1  Midftttt  Place,  BnoKfloit— 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
A  three-post  bedstead  in  Goe  Spauiah  mahogany,  the 
rod  forma  a  part  of  the  cornice. 

28         NOSN,  John,  7  Upper  Vemm  Street,  Lloyd 

Sqiare^-Daiigaer. 
lecture  frame  to  answer  the  purpose  of  a  portfolio,  and 
3  change  the  prints    or    drawings    at    pleasure,   which 
re  fixed  on  the  panel  with  vulcanized  India-rubber  attapa. 

229    Paoe,  H.  M.,  Coceni ry  5(reci(—Manufiwturer. 

Novel  adaptation  of  a  dressing-glass  and  dioaaing-caiM. 
Elogiatered.  

130  BiLLAMOBE,  Urs. — Inventor. 

A  newly-invantad  chair. 


231   QABDNEit,  John  Henhv,  19t /''^m'fCmrl,  ^Mt 
Street — Designer  and  Manubcturer. 

3atin*«ood  toilet  giaas,  in  carved  fteme,  supported  by 
ornamented  colunma,  on  base  containing  jewel-drawen, 
Ac,  suapanded  by  Cope  and  Austin'a  patent  uaTenients. 

A  mahogany  table  contaioing  toilet  glass,  Sea.  On 
opening  the  lid  the  glass  is  exposed,  which,  on  bring 
rained,  falls  into  any  position  required.  Underneath  aro 
contained  razors,  bruehea,  tta. 


232  Wbllb,  Edward,  310  Regent  S(rw(— Producer. 
Lands<»pa   transparent  blind,    "a   scene   at  Windsor 

Castle  in  1850,  the  Queen,  Prince  Albert,  and  the  loyal 
children."  

233  Sand,  Frederick,  58  Pall  Jfoif— Designer. 
Specimens  of  interior  decorations,  or  coloured  architeo- 

ture.  Interior  of  the  Royal  Elxchange;  vestibules  aucl 
grand  staircase  at  the  Conservative  Club,  St.  James's 
Street ;  and  of  King  James's  Room  at  Hatfield  Houae, 
Uerttbrdahire.  De^n  for  the  decoiations  ofa  club-room. 
Interior  of  a  coffee-room  at  the  New  Carlton  Club,  Pall 
Mali.  Interior  decorations  for  a  banking  hall.  Interior 
uf  the  new  aBsembly   hall  at  Bury,     Design  for  the  de- 


204HOFKINB,  UaABT,  IJ  Wcilniorflaal St., 
Manufacturer. 
Table  top,  pfunted  in  imitation  of  marbl< 
Stile,  paiutod  In  imitation  of  woods,  inlaid. 


MarylebiM* — 


2IS5         CooPEB,  W.  M.,  llcrby — Manufacturer. 

Pulpit  mule  by  Che  exhibitor  for  a  chiuxh  at  Holbeck, 
Leeds;  the  figures  cut  by  John  Philip,  from  a  design  by 
Mr.  Ueo,  Uilbcrt  Scott,  of  Loudon. 


,  F.S.,tiSl.epUnlSlren.Orford 
airfci — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Carved  oak  Gotliic  cheval  firvecreen,  for  a  drawiog- 
room,  enriched  with  vine  foliage  and  animals  of  the  chase. 
The  glass  panel  acreene  the  heat  but  affords  the  view  of 

the  lire.  

237    Hawkins,  Sahoel,  :ti  Bithopng-ite  Street  Withuul — 
Patentee  and  Manufacturer. 

Moilel  set  of  ei|>uidinK  dining-tablea,  to  ahow  tha 
adaptation  of  the  patentee's  patent  screw  movement,  by 
which  one  ponton  can  open  aa<l  cloae  any  sized  diniiig- 
tiililei  by  this  np]:licatioo  no  fastenings  am  renjiiirvd  for 
the  tops  or  Saps,  or  extra  legs  in  the  centre  of  the  table, 
tbe  ei]>ander  bearing  the  whole  weight,  and  being  equal 
to  1  tons  in  strength.  This  patent  screw  movement  is 
sIjowo  in  the  cut  on  next  page,  fig.  t. 

A,  a  solid  iron  screw,  to  work  m  B. 

B,  a  screw  cut  on  tube,  to  work  in  C. 

C,  a  screw  cut  on  tube  with  nuts  inside,  to  work  in  D, 

D,  tube  or  case  with  nuts  inside,  to  receive  A,  B,  C. 
K,  Bracked,  for  D  to  rest  and  revolve. 

F,  crank  handle  by  which  the  whole  is  put  into  motion, 
uitending  the  dining-tablea  to  any  requind  diitanoe. 
a  K  2 


-FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
ABBA8  1.  J.  19  TO  26 ;  L.  TO  0.  21  to  24. 


fill  Dinlng-tililH. 


Hodel  iet  of  expanding  round  tablea,  to  iliow 
the  adaptation  of  the  exlubitot's  patent  cog-wlieel, 
with  screw  movement,  for  eipanding  and  contnuiting 
drcular  dining-tablea.  Thk  moTsmeDt  ia  ihown  In 
the  adjoining  cut,  Gg.  2. 

1.  Cog-whsel  in  centre. 

2.  Arms  with  racks. 

3.  Ouide-wheels,  to  keep  anna  to  their  work. 

4.  Screw,  which  being  put  into  motion  with  the 

5.  Cnmk  handle,  the  frame  eitenda  each  way 
•quail;.  A  pasaea  under  B  to  rack -irons,  extending 
table  to  nearly  double  its  original  sise.  This  put  is 
shown  separately  in  fig.  3. 

Rg-3, 


2^18  HowiHD,  John,  A  Son,  23  Bemim  Strest.  Oxford 
Street — Matiufaoturera  and  Desipiere. 
A  walnut-wood  cabinet,  ornamented  with  flowers  drawn 
and  modelled  from  xpecimuns  at  Kew  Botanic  QardeiiB,  by 
the  dasigner,  aasiated  by  Meadames  Peachey  and  Strick- 
land, wax  floral  BrtiatB ;  designed  chiefly  na  an  omiuiiental 
adjunct  to  the  boudoir  or  drawing-room,  to  contain  artlclea 
of  vertu.  The  slab  ia  of  Magnua'a  patent  mosaic,  desigosd 
by  Howard.  

239     Hancock,  Nich.,  S  B'lrtkt  Coart,  Boa  Street^ 
Inventor. 
Invalid  and  drawing-room  easy  reclining  chair,  to  obviate 
the  necessity  of  uaiug  pillows  to  support  an  invalid  when 

Cced  up  in  bed ;  it  forma  a  stool,  and  also  a  handsome 
wing-room  easy  chair  for  common  tiae. 


240     Kentull,  CHAIII.E8  HOU.U4D,  24  Mark  Lima— 
Inventor  and  Improver. 
Decanting  machine,  corking  machine,  wine-fining  wiffp. 
and  champagne  capsule. 

247       Edwahdb,  SaXOeL,  13  CamumStrat  Boad— 
Manufacturer. 
Four-foot  octagon  revolving  library  table,  contaiiuDg 
14,000  pieces  of  English  and  foreign  woods.      Thia  table 
occupied  ten  months  in  the  prooeaa  of  manufitctaiQ. 

251     Latham  h,  DiohtOn,  I  Bateman't  BuUditgt,  ft*o 

Sqaare — Domgners  and  Hanufacturera- 

Metal  gilt  vase  and  cover  for  flows       — ' 

amethysts,  gamete,  turquoise,  Ac. 


240    Board,  CHARi.ra,  28  Stemdon  Street,  Omifs  hn 
if  oiiit-— Manufacturer. 
Spring  pillows  made  of  spiral  steel  aprings  and  whale- 
bone.    Model  of  a  quilt  made  of  an  article  imported  from 
Russia,  and  covered  in  crimson  silk.     Various  samples 
of  white  goose  feathers. 


241  iBAAca  ft  Campbell,  31  St.  Jnma  Street— 
Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Patent  portable  barrack,  college,  camp,  and  cabin 
furniture,  containing  a  chest  of  drawers,  a  wash-liand 
stand,  dressing-table  and  glass,  iron  bedstead,  with  cur- 
tains and  bedding,  reclining  chair,  towel-horse,  writing 
and  dressing-case,  and  having  sufficient  room  in  the 
drawers  to  contiun  a  complete  military  outfit,  the  cases 
at  same  time  forming  a  wardrobe. 


242    Jackson,  Geo,,  4  Riaitll  Meitt,  Fitmy  Sjuare— 
Manufacturer. 
Walnut-tree  carved  cabriole  settee,  representing  three 
backs  of  chains  eovored. 


252    MoioN,  Chables,  33  High  Slreel.Man^tiema— 
Decorator. 
Decorations  for  a  drawing  room,  consisting  of  inula- 
tiona  of  inlaid  marbles,  panels,  Ac.      Chimney  pieoe  ani 
glass  frame,  by  John  Thomas.     Panels  of  imitation  of  in- 
laid woods,  showing  the  mode  of  application  for  geoaal 


decorativi 


purposes. 


Imitations  of  n 


fblea,  for  decora- 


264  Martib,  William,  fi  Sathwl  Slml, 

Ilnmpslend  Road — Inventor. 
Registered  omaraental  flower-pot  cases. 


255      OTii:vsiaE,k.S..N'<rrin,jlm  Cottage,  Bntmptm 
Pari  Lane,  Brampton — Hanufactorer. 
Oval  table,   hexagonal  stools,  V*MS,  round  stand,  ai 
basket;  ornamented  with  flowera.  Blade  of  mixed  WM 
holly,  oak,  oedar,  elm,  Ac. 


IIH.  A  UVEIUAUP,  OIUiAHBintli  ^ 


KlXODOM.J 


PAPIEIl  MACHfi,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


256  Miles,  Henrt,  10  Seahntjht  Place,  Hackney  Road — 

Inventor  and  Bfanufacturer. 
Rortcwood  loo-table,  inlaid  on  top  and  bottom  block, 
eontaining  a  secret  cash-box. 

257  North,  D.,  23  Great  Whulrmll  Street,  Haymarket— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Rosewood  oval  tea  caddy,  with  flowers  carved  in  satin- 
wot  Ay  the  interior  fitted  with  small  oval  caddies  in  rose- 
wood, iftith  carved  flowers.   Two  satin-wood  sugar-basins. 

Oval  vase  ebony  inkstand,  the  interior  fitted  up  with 
loose  inside,  and  tray  with  ink  bottles. 


258  NcTCHET,  Jambb,  5  West  Street,  Soho — ^Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
Plair  of  candelabra,  in  ebony  and  ivory,  supported  on 
columns,  polygon,  and  spirally  turned. 
Flower-stand  in  English  yew-tree. 

259  NoBTB^  Charixb,  1  Queen's  Head  Court,  Great 

Wmdmill  Street — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Rettding  itand,  capable  of  being  placed  in  any  required 
poution.      Bed-chair  for  invalicU,  in  which  they  may 
line  in  tny  position. 


260  PiinnEix»  Thomab  Dubston,  5  Warren  Street, 

0€nnden  Tottn — ManufiEkcturer. 
Gilt  line  frame,  with  trellis-work  border,   and  silk 
YelYci  liniog. 

261  Jacssoii  Se  Qraham,  37  &  38  Oxford  Street^ 

Manufacturers. 

Sideboard  of  English  oak  in  the  renaissance  style,  the 
pilasters  foimed  by  figures  representing  himting  and 
fishing,  summer  ana  autumn.  This  sideboard  is  repre- 
sented in  the  accompanying  Plate  118. 

Dwarf  bookcases  m  walnut-tree. 

Dining-room  or  library  chair,  of  English  oak,  in  the 
renaiasance  B^le. 

Carved  ancf  gilt  drawing-room  chair.  Library  sofa. 
Carved  and  gilt  cheval  screen. 

262  Jbtfooat,  Frederick  L.,  26  6'<ram/— Inventor 

and  Mimufacturer. 

Improved  l>edstead  and  bed  for  iuvtilids,  hoHpitals,  and 
insane  cstabliKhmeuts ;  with  bed-apit(irutu8  fur  the  relief 
of  invalids. 

Apparatus  for  heating  laundry -irou8. 


262a  RxtnOLDS,  John,  57  Xcr  Cvmjtton  street,  fs^jhj 

Manufacturer. 
IK^re  table  for  flowers. 


263    RoBIKSON,  C,  r>  orull  GrcaiUmd place,  Gray's  Inn 
litMid — Inventor  and  Maniifiicturer. 
Portable  metal  be<l**tead,  which  will  form  uIho  a  half 
tester  bcdntead,  cliair -couch,  and  ottoman ;  the  ottoiiuui- 
contaius  everj'  retiuiriite. 


264     RooBBS  &  Dear,  23  nud  24  St.  Gronjo's  Place, 
Ifi/dc  Ptti'k  (.'onur     MunufiicturerH. 

Renaimance  l^edriteiui  in  walnut-tree,  curved,  with  f(K>t 
and  hettfd-board  in  relief,  >?tutre(l  j>anelM,  deei>-sh:ii)ed 
inoulde<l  cornice,  canopy  tester,  Euglwh  tajnidtry  hiaij^iiigs, 
complete,  au<l  trimminKrt. 

Ottoman  coal  KU\"c»|»hagiH.  answering  the  purpose  «)f 
an  ottoman  and  coal  receptacle;  cdistructed  of  walnut- 
tree,  French  fHilinhed ;  the  neat  in  HtutVe*!  and  liue<l 
with  prwn  Utn^cht  velvet ;  the  iutt  rior  i.«*  fiuiiishetl 
with  a  hopper,  lined  with  zinc,  in  onlerthat  the  .suiH'rin- 
ciuulM>iit  coaln  may  Im»  made  to  r*uj)ply  the  place  of  those 
n-nioved  by  a  Hhovfl :  the  toj>  ir*  hung  <>n  hingen,  an<l  a 
fla{*  in  the  plinth  of  the  wircophaguH  U'it*  down  in  fn>nt, 
and  in  receive<l  by  a  npriiig  fiwteiiing.  Designed  l»y 
Fmncij*  Whii*haw,  \'lfn\. 

riaiu  French -j<haped  mahogany  l.»edstea<l,  to  exhibit  an 
apimratus  for  making  one  get  up. 


2G5    Archer,  E.  T.,  451  Ox/wn/ 5^re<?<— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  paper  decorations. 

266      HiNDLEY,  C,  &  Sons,  134  Oxford  Street^ 

Proprietors. 

Sideboard,  manufactiu^d  of  British  red  oak  in  the 
Tudor  style,  w^ith  rich  mouldings  and  carvings,  the  back 
of  silvered  plate  glass. 

ChlflToni^re,  of  English  walnut-tree,  carved,  the  top 
of  fine  sienna  marble,  the  back  of  silvered  plate  glass. 

Davenport  WTiting-table,  of  Albuera-wood,  on  pedestal, 
with  carved  panels  and  columns.  Occasional  table,  of 
maple,  on  ornamental  standards.  Chess-table,  of  rare 
Chinese  woods,  inlaid  by  the  natives,  on  quadrangular 
stand.  Portfolio-table,  of  American  birch,  carved,  with 
folding  top  to  rise  and  slide.  Chess-table,  inlaid  top 
on  walnut-tree,  quadrangular  stand.  Octagon  pedested 
bookcase,  of  Baltic  oak.  LAd/s  writing-table,  of  English 
walnut-tree.  Pedestal  Davenport  WTiting-deek,  of  New 
Zealand  Totara  wood. 

Ornamental  table  for  flowers,  of  American  birch. 

Gothic  library  chair,  of  British  red  oak.  Carved  cipher 
chair,  of  English  sycamore  wood.  Carved  arm  chair,  of 
American  birch.     Lounging  chair,  and  easy  chair. 

Cabinet  for  coins,  of  Kyabooka  wood,  carved  and  gilded, 
fitted  with  numerous  trays. 

Ornamental  toilet  glass,  of  English  walnut-tree,  in  the 
Elizabethan  style. 

267     Simpson,  George,  12  Fldon  Street,  Finsbury — 
Designer  and  Bianufacturer. 
Improved  ornamental  library  table,  registered  pattern. 
The  orawers  on  either  side,  by  simply  moving  a  rod  or 
bolt,  with  springs  attach^,  can  be  easily  fastened  or 
unfastened.  

270  Simpson,  Wiujam  Butler,  456  West  Strand— 

Manufacturer  and  Designer. 

Paper-hanging  decorations,  executed  in  distemjier 
colours,  washable  with  soap  and  water.  Imitation  of 
the  decorations  of  Pom])eii,  and  pimple  ornamental 
panelling,  with  pila^itcrs.  Others,  wth  the  ground 
colours  in  WiMliablo  didtem])er  und  the  ornament  in 
encaustic  colours:  Italiiin,  Arabesque,  and  Gothic;  also, 
gold  ornaments  on  flock  ground  in  i^auels. 

These  articles  arc  designed  for  the  decoration  of  the 
walls,  ceilings,  and  |MUielling9  of  rooms,  in  a  su2>erior 
style,  imd  at  a  moderate  cost. 

Their  novelty  and  great  advantage  arises  from  the 
colours,  which  ai*o  UHcd  indintemper,  being  hardene<1  and 
rendered  wa>*hablo  by  tm  after  process;  ho  that  while  the 
colours  retiiiu  all  the  brightness  of  distemiwr  colouring, 
they  are  iva  ]>eniument  as  oil  colours,  luid  will  bear 
coiLstant  cleiuiing  with  soap  and  water.  This  process  i^ 
jkitented. 

271  ScRoxTox.  J.  H.,  l;i7  I>i^/tu^>s-/<ittf  Stnvt  - 

M;uuif;icturer. 

Show  goods,  UH0<1  by  tea  dealers  and  grocers,  for  dejo 
rating  shoiw.  Vases  in  tin,  ornamented  and  jaj^auueil. 
Octagon  stands,  inhu<l  with  t>cai*l.  Bowls  and  brass  iMJiid.s. 
Genuan  silver  tea-scoop. 


273   Squire,  Ciiarlfs,  2<>  old  Fish  i"7/rff— Inventor  and 

Miuiufiicturer. 

Ajiparatus  for  baking  wo<m1,  for  the  puri»ose  of  ve- 
neering, juid  for  l>uilingan<l  <listilling  water. 

Looking-ghuv*,  with  ball  and  socket  movement,  conve- 
nient for  Uiking  Ui  pieces  and  jKwking  in  small  comi»uw; 
the  movement  pi-evc-nts  the  quiekuilver  from  l>eing 
damage<l. 

Comi)osition  and  wood  jiieture  frame?*,  gilt,  pilvere«l, 
Mu\  coli>ure<l. 

275        TUOMAK.   WlLUAM,   J'J   ///7/J«r,v  .S'/mf,   Oj-foKii 

Stn*t — Designer  and  Mjmufacturer. 
SiK^Hiimcn  of  tigun^-cjirving,  in  oak,  with  a  design  fortho 
door  of  H  |»ahu.i*  of  justice. 


Framea  (in  compoeition  om: 
th«  exhibitor  for  Her  Majeaty, 

menta  of  light,  &c. ;  with  a  uei 
frames  for  low  relief. 


mciita)  Duuiufnctured  b]r 
and  the  Royal  collection 
applicable  to  the  require- 
'  method  of  omamcutiog 


276  ThoMIB,  J..  9  Old  Chvch  Stnvt,  P,tddimtoa 
Hex  Palace,  HVilninufi!''— Architect  and  Scul'ptoi 
(ilnss  frame,  with  fuliage,  &c. 


Chimnef-piece,  containing  medullion  of  Ch&ueer,  with 
alto  and  has  reliefa;  and  figures  repreaeiitiiig  the  Tirtues 
of  Dori^ne  and  Griselda;  the  imitation  of  inlAid  mar' 
bles  and  decoratione  by  Charlea  Moxon.  Chinmej.pieoe, 
containing  medallion  of  Spenser;  with  >lto  and  bu  relief 
figures  reprewnting  the  preBerva^oa  of  Una  and  tbe  triali 
of  Ftorimel.  This  cbiomey-piece  is  represented  in  the 
fiillowing  cut. 

Bas-rcliuf,  repreaenting  ths  hoirols  of  wnr. 


279    Wabd,  John  G>teORiFFiN  &Wahd)   6  Ln^ster 

Square — Manufacturer 

Improred  reenmbent  chair  for   nvaliils    a  self  propel 

litiK  chair,  made  portable  for  travellmg   with  vulcanued 

India-rubber  wheels. 

285    WiLLEB,  Fhem.,  49/" «(  sir  rt— Manufacturer 

Commercial  and  diplomatic  despatch  wntmg  desk  in 
rosewood;  the  open  paper  rack  aid  folding  slope  de«k 
beiug  combined,  so  as  to  form  a  portable  appendage  to 
the  writing-table.  The  annexed  cut  represents  this 
writing-desk. 

Bm^l,  rosewood,  open  desk  for  lad  es  containing  various 
■izes  of  note  paper  and  enielopea 

287     Jokes,  Willuji,  DolgiUv    ^nlo — Inventor  ani 
Uanufacturer 
Portfolio  table,  turning  on  a  pivot  and  lifting  like  a 
reading  desk.    Elbony  tnpod. 


K  ISO  DOM.] 


PAPIER  MACH6,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  O.  21  to  24. 


fix 


288    Warrbn,  Thomas,  371  Oxford  Street — Inventor. 

Patent  reading-«tand,  carved  in  rosewood,  and  enriched 
with  gold  and  or-molu  ornaments,  with  stuffed  foot- 
cushion  in  crimson  Utrecht  velvet,  for  holding  a  book  in 
any  position,  sitting,  standing,  or  reclining.  The  fol- 
lowing cut  represents  this  stand. 


\Varr«in's  Patent  Rauiing-Siand. 


289     Creaser,  Mrs.,  18  j\feltim  Street,  Ewtm  Srpiare — 

Inventor. 
Ladies*  writing-table,  with  drjiwcrs,  on  an  entirely  new 
principle. 

291        Cooper,  O.,  Kitufstun,  Surrey — Producer. 
A  rustic  chair. 


292  Mummery,  Frederick  H.,  5  Hail  way  Place, 

Holloway  Jioad — Manufacturer. 

Pianoforte  bedstead.  Press  bedstead  in  a  pianoforte 
shape. 

293  Wilson,  Jacob  &  Sons,  18a  Wufmore  Street, 
Cavendish  S^ptare — Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

New  oval  centre  table,  with  a  revolving  top ;  one  side 
of  walnut  wood,  the  other  of  cloth  as  a  card  or  writing 
table.  Similar  table,  with  a  circular  bagatelle-board 
attached. 

New  work-table,  with  a  silk  bag  at  each  end ;  the  top  to 
revolve  and  form  a  table  for  two  different  uses.  Similar 
table,  with  a  chess-board  attached.  Library  table  of  ma- 
hogany, of  a  new  shape  and  cf>n8truction. 


300  Scott,  Cuthbertson,  &  Co.,  49  Loicer  Bclgrare 

Place,  Pimlico — Manufacturers. 
Illuminated  Gothic  decorations  of  the  period  of  Henry 
the  VII.,  for  dining  rooms,  libraries,  and  halls,  &c. 
Floral  decorations  for  walls  of  drawing-rooms,  &c. 
Decoration  with  fleur-de-lis  panels. 

301  DAlmaine,  William  Frederick,  8  Percy  Street, 

liedftpni  iSYM<irf— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Decorative  panel,  in  the  style  of  Edward  I. 

303      Arthur,  Thomas,  3  Suckville  Street— 'Frodiicer. 

Screen  painted  by  hand  in  oil  colours,  with  subjects 
from  nature,  suitable  for  a  drawinsf-room,  boudoir,  kc. 


Registered  damask  pattern  of  paper-hanging. 
Specimens  of  fine  woods  and  marbles  in  graining. 
Decoration  imitating  inlaid  marbles ;  suited  for  stair- 
case or  hall.    It  may  he  executed  in  paper  or  by  hand. 


304 


AscROFT,  Thomas,  35  QueerCsRoad,  Chelsea — 
Designer  and  Proprietor. 
^  Original  design  for  paper-hangmgs,  being  a  new  com- 
bination of  daznask  and  chintz  work. 


305    Barrett,  Joseph,  246  BeihuU  Oreen  Road— 

Designer. 
Drawings  for  paper  hangings. 

307    Ck>OMBER,  J.,  66  Brand  Street,  Blandford  Square^ 

Producer. 
Panted  table-top,  in  imitation  of  inlaid  woods.    Slab, 
in  imitation  of  inlaid  marbles. 


308  GoDDARD,  John,  7  Bedford  Place,  Hampttead 

Road — ^Designer. 
Design  for  paper  hangings,  of  British  and  exotic  flowers ; 
air  plants  of  the  torrid  zone,  in  natural  positions  i^>pended 
to  a  palm. 

[The  plants  popularly  called  air-plants  are  known  to 
botanists  under  the  name  of  orchids.  They  form  a 
distinct,  and  in  many  respects  a  most  peculiar  and 
anomalous  natural  family.  The  principal  source  of  their 
solid  tissues  is  the  atmosphere,  from  which,  in  common 
with  plants  growing  in  the  earth,  they  absorb  carbonic 
acid,  the  decomposition  of  which  furnishes  their  food. 
They  are  very  commonly  foimd  in  tropical  forests,  hmiging 
down  their  curious  roots  and  fimtastic  flowers  from  palms 
and  other  trees,  and  emitting  delicious  odours. — ^R.  E.] 

309  WooLLAMS,  William,  &  Co.,  110  High  Street, 

Marylebone — Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  decorative  paper-hanging,  in  flowers  and 
ornament;  and  in  the  Alhambra  and  arabesque  styles. 

Screen  of  various  specimens  of  paper-hangings. 

Specimens  in  the  early  Italian  style,  and  in  the 
mediaeval  style,  designed  at  the  Oovemment  School, 
Somerset  House. 

Specimens  with  Indian  birds  and  flowers,  in  imitation 
of  mother-of-pearl,  and  in  hollyhock  and  ornament. 

The  design  of  one  of  these  specimens  is  given  in  the 
accompanymg  Plate  38. 

310  Hinchuff,  Nathaniel,  &  Co.,  123  Wardour 

Street,  Oxford  Street — Manufacturer. 
Registered    paper-hangings.     Panel    decorations,    and 
an  arnbesqiie  panel  decoration,   designed  by  Mr.  John 
Crace.  

312     Price,  J.,  Gatenhead,  Xetrcastle-upon-Tyne — 

Manufacturer. 
Table,  with  jasper  glass  top. 


31  2a  Trapnell,  H.,  &  Son,  2  St,  James  Barton,  Bristol 
— Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
A  console  chiffonnidre,  of  fine  English  walnut- wooil. 
The  top  is  of  statuary  marble,  set  in  a  moulding  of 
ebony  and  tortoiseshell,  with  ruby -coloured  fflass  in  th« 
end  shelves,  and  the  centre  shelves  and  backs  of  plate 
glass,  intended  to  give  multiplied  reflections  of  the  objects 
placed  upon  the  shelves. 

313  Newbery,  J.  &  R.,  2  and  3  Hemlock  Court, 
Carey  Street,  Lincoln* s  Inn  f'*f/cfe— Manufacturers. 
Gold,  silver,  and  coloured  tissues,  alike  on  both  sides, 
for  making  artificial  flowers,  &c.  Coloiured  foil  pai»ers 
for  decorative  purposes.  Gohl  and  silver  nafjer  orna- 
ments for  placing  on  "  Irish  linen  bands."  Vulcanised, 
washable,  enamel  coloured  papers.  Crimson,  blue,  and 
green  papers,  coloured  by  machinery  (in  any  len^li), 
without  seam  or  join. 


758                          Ci.Abs  26.— FURNITURE,  UPJIOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS,  [Lkited 

Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 

814    ifonyrooTi,CBAH.f  De  Beainxtii'  Factory,  Rosenkiry  decoration  borders.      Flock  and  metal,   and  two  flodL 

Branch  Bridge,  Hoxton — ^Manufacturer.  patterns.    Bronze  patterns.     Piinel  deooration,  oonaMting 

An   architectural    decoration,    comx>o8ed    of   priiitel  of  the  orange  and  white  datura,  from  drawiiigi  hf  Vjm 

mouldings,  figures,  and  wainscot  papers  for  public  build-  Palmer,  of  the  School  of  Design,  London. 

ings,  halU^  corridors,  &c.  The  style  is  Tudor  Gk>thic^  with  Specimens    of  machine  printing  :  —  Paper   ^'—y'f 

figures.                  printed  by  steam  cylinder  machinery, exhibHad  fbrai^>> 

., .  K        Tk^            T          o.  o       n,^.  nil  ni  i^®^  ^^^  quality.     From  one  to  eimt  ooloon  prinlad at 

315  PosKiM,  JOHH,  &  Son,  29  Old  Cfuinge-  „„^  opei^tion,  and  at  the  rate  oir200  pieoa^%irM» 
T    •*  *•        I^»"  «»d  Manufacturers.  yards  ^r  hour.    RegiBter«d  design..       ^^ 
Inutation    of   marbles    m    water-colours,   on    paper.  ''         '^                 _2. ° 

Sienna  marble,   skirting  dove  marble.      Two  coloured  326    Jeffbey,  Aujw,  &  Co.,  Kent  and  E$$ex  Ford, 

green  marbles,  worked  to  represent  four  distinct  pieces;  WAi*«?/iape/— Manufactureim. 

executed  on  a  square  surface,  instead  of  pieces  joined  Paper  printed  by  blocks  in  distemper.     SpecinMUiora 

together.     Skirting  porphyry.     Devonshire  dove  marble,  many-coloured  chintz  wall-pn^r,  and  of  oylmdar-priiited 

Skirting  Brocatella  marble.  wall-papers. 

■  Frieze,   executed  in   imitation  of   claasical  subjects, 

316  SoPWiTH,  T.  &  J.,  15  NoHhumWrlnnd  Street,  24  feet  in  length,  A^ithout  repeat,  selected  from  the  beat 
Ncuxtistle-itpon-Tyne—lTVientoTB  and  Manufacturers.  part  of  the  Elgin  frieze.     Also,  a  series  of  panels  repre- 

Monocleid  writing  cabinet,  for  collecting  and  arranging  senting  **  Deer  Stalking;"  and  some  copies  from  Mnnllo, 

a  great  number  and  variety  of  papers,  so  as  to  be  readily  printed  in  blocks. 

accessible.     The  whole  of  the  dniwers,  closets,  and  par-  A  panel  composed  of  a  "green  flock  filling,"  desigiied 

titions  may  be  opened  by  one  lock.  by  one  of  the  pupils  of  the  Spitalfields  School  of  Design, 

from  the  common  buttercup;  intended  to   show  that 

317  TuRNELL,  I.,  32  Pinstme  Street,  Sheffield — Producer,  the  simple  forms  of  nature  abound  in  elegance,  and  only 
Ladies'  work-table,  a  specimen  of  English  elm.  require  to  be  studied  with  care,  and  copied  with  skill. 

318  T0WN8END,  Parker  &  Townsend,  132  Gosv:cli  329    Davis,  Charles,  26  Blackfriart  /^ooJ— Designer 

Street — Designers  and  Manufacturers.  and  Painter. 

Paper-hangmg  decorations  consisting  of  flock,  flock  and  .  Design  of  a  panel  for  the  decoration  of  a  ceiling,  in  imita- 

gold  papers,  flowers,  fruit,  and  arabesque  designs  divided  *^^°  ^^  mlaid  woods^ 

into  panels.  33^         j^        Thomas,  k  Co.,  214  Piccadiliy— 

The  two  pnncipal  papers  are  exhibited  as  e:»mpl«,  of  Inventors  ind  Maiufectui^w. 

opposite  styles  of  mternal  decoration ;  one  mtended  to  j^^^  ^^^^^^  ^^  decoration  for  the  side  of  a  toom. 


imvmg  c«ui,re-pi«u«iiurmcu ui  gruui* ux  11  uii, »uu  uuwcn,,  ^  emiched  comice  in  wliite  and  gold.     Coloured d€CO. 

sepwuted  by  delicately  ornamented  pilasters,  with  bunches  ^^^^  f^^  ^^        ^^  ^^j^^^  spechnens. 

of  fruit  and  flowers  nsmg  from  the  base,  and  pendant  °  i 

from  the  top,  the  whole  surmounte<l  by  a  floral  frieze  on  337  mXachlan,"  Jas.,  35  St.  Jcune^s  Street,  7>.-<»idiffy- 

gold  ground  and  a  border  below  m  the  same  taste.    The  Designer,  Maiufacturer,  and  Proprietor, 

other  decoration  consists  of  a  large  panel  bearmgm  the  Specimens  tf   i^besque  paintmg  on  glass,  for  the 

centre  a  rich  arabesque  d^ign  on  a  light  groimd;  the  jeciration  of  rooms  (beSg  pilasters);  also  imitationa  of 

foliation  being  a  combimition  of  such  plants  as  would  j^j^^    ^^^^^    ^„  ^ ^^      Speciiiens  of   flockmg  00 

most    naturally  and    gracefully  assume    the    requu-ed  ^^^  ^,^1     ^^  of  arabesqufpainting  for  ^cTdsboii- 

forms,  as  acanthufl,  crown  impenal,  &c.     The  pilasters  f-  _  _/•  ^^^' 

are  ornamented  with  designs  m  a  corresponding  style,  

upon  a  dark,  rich  ground,  finished  with  a  broad  fnezo  340  Sewell,  Charles  k  Frederick,  13  Charlei  Strtet, 

and  a  border  in  blue,  red  and  gold.     Tlie  accompanying  Wcstboume  Terrace — ^Designers  and  Manufactnrew. 

plates  represent  these  designs.     Plates  66  8c  159.  Elizabethan    ornamental  screen,  containiog  panek  is 

~;  iinitiition  of  various  marbles  and  woods^   adaptsd  for 

320   Turner,  Henrt,  &  Co.,  Elizabeth  Street,  Pimfico—  interior  and  exterior  embellishments. 

Manufactu  pel's.  


Paper-hangings,  entirely  block-printed,  viz.—  34^      Smith,  Charles,  43  Upper  Baker  Strtei— 

1 .  A  damask  in  brown  flock,  on  a  green  flock  ground.  Decorator. 

from  a  design  by  M.  Chailert  Javet,  of  Paris.  Imitations  of  marbles,  in  paint]  on  slate  and  nood,  te 

2.  A  i>anel  with  flower  border,   from  a  design  by  Mr.  interior  or  exterior  decoration.     Oredan  wm 
William  Draper,  of  Camberwell.                      ,      ,    .       ,  IMunt.      Arabesque  decoration,   in  painty   for 

3.  A  chintz  and  border,  m  a  series  of  panels,  designed  rooms  boudoirs  kc, 
by  M.  Marchjuid,  of  Piuris.                                                                    '                 *  1 


4.  A  iKmcl  with  Elizabethan  ornamental  bonier,  from  342  SouTiLUX,  Charles,  k  Co.,  157 
a  design  by  Mr.  William  Dmpor.  Manufacturers, 

5.  Four  frames   witli   Grecian   moulding,    printed  in  jjalf  top  of  table  in  imitation  marble,  inlaid.    SUK  li 
imitation  of  oak,   and  ccmtammg  two  panels  in  shades  of  i^iit^tion  rouge  rt>yal   marble.      Imitafcioii   11     "  ' 
green  flock  on  a  puce  flock  gix)imd    and  two  i»ane^  in  ^^^^^  ^^^.^^  ^n  pap^r,  for  decorating  stiiio 
double  crimnon  flock,  111  imitation  of  silk  damask.     Bi)th  ^^ 

damasks   from  original    Fivnch  dc-iigiia;    the   moulding  '                           

from  drawings  by  H.  N.  Turner,  jim.   The  accomjianying  343  Strugnell,  Henry,  25  A'irby  Street,  ffaUm 

Plate  represente  one  of  thiwo  |»:i'»er-hangiugs.  — ^Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Ladies'  writing-desk,  in  ebony  and  buhl-inlMd^ 


321  Williams,  Coopers,  IJovLE,  &  Co.,  85  Went  ncwly.intro<luced   fancy  c<lge8.    The  internal 

-S'wiiY/i^iV//?— Manufiicturci-s.  meut  designed  by  Mr.  Watheii,  of  Glasgow. 

Drawing-room  docoratioiw.    DaiuankB  f<>r  dining-i-ooins. 

Now  mode  of  combining  metiil  and  flock.     General  pat-  344     Hayball,  Arthur,  GovemmaU  Schooi  of  Jktifn, 

terns  of  now  designs.  S/uffieUl — Designer. 

Cabinet,  carved  in  walnut. 

322  W00LLAM8,  John,  &  Co.,  69  MarylefKHW  Lane,  

Oxford  Street — Blanufacturers.  :{45     Uoyles,  Uksry,  Ooremukcnt  School  of  Desijn, 

A  general  assortment  of  paper-hangings  and  decorations  Sheffield  -Dc::*igner,  Modeller,  and  Ourvor. 

bv  block  printin-^: —Damasks.      Flower  patterns  and  Sideboard,  carvotl  m  walnut. 


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PAPIER  MACHE,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
Areas  1.  J.  19  to  26 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


769 


34 <)    Steedman,  Charles,  35  Churles  Street,  Hampstead 

RtMui — Manufacturer. 
Slate  tablets,  japanned  and  ornamented,  adapted  for 
churchea  and  other  buildings.     (In  Claaa  1,  on  South 
Wall . )  

347      Pickering,  J.,  39  Little  Moorfields — Producer. 

Specimen  of  drawing-room  panel  decoration,  executed 
in  colours  and  gold.  The  centre,  illustrative  of  the  "  Bath 
of  A{K>llo,"  in  basso-relievo,  and  the  border  enriched 
with  figures  and  flowers  in  natural  colours.  The  centre  in 
colours,  illustrative  of  "Poetry  surrounded  by  attendant 
nymphs,"  with  enriched  flower  pilasters,  &c. 

301     BcRKE,  James  Raswell,  75  Castle  Street  East, 
Oxford  Street — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Fancy  mounts  and  spandnls  for  drawings,  prints,  &c.y 
in  card -board  and  gold  paper. 

304  FoLLiT,  Gborob,  67  Great  Titchfield  Street, 

Marylelwne — Bianufacturer. 
Specimen  of  an  imitation  or-molu  gilt  mat  flat,  made 
of  paper  and  not  liable  to  split. 

305  Newnham,  Ben.,  22  Princes  Street,  Leicester 

Siiutire — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Miniature  frames  in  imitation  of  or-molu. 


309      FoRSE,  Christopher  k  Septimdb,  4  Ilanway 
Street,  Oxford  Street — Bianu&cturer. 
Washable  gilding,    as   applicable  to    looking-glasses, 
picture  frames,  cornices. 

379     Herring,  C,  177  Jfif/h  /^w/6om— Producer. 
Oriental  silk  down,  from  the  Bombaz  tree  of  India. 


380     Baxter,  Robert,  12  George  Street,  Fole;/  Place — 
Designer,  Bfanufacturer,  and  Proprietor. 

Frames,  illustrating  the  art  of  gilding,  as  applied  to 
picture  and  glass  frames,  cornices,  &c. 

Letters  cut  out  of  the  whitening,  and  gilt  in  burnish, 
Hhowing  the  differeut-coloiu"ed  gold  and  silver  loaf;  colours 
(LKe4l  in  contrast  with  gold,  showing  the  method  of  gildiug 
oruumcntal  frames. 


382     Vigers,  E.,  jun.,  Unioti  }fiHsy  Upper  Lisson  Street, 

I'lntdiruftoti — Manufacturer.  ' 
MouldingH,   architraves,  skirtings,  and  sash-bars,  pre- 
{lared  by  machinery'. 

384         JoRDANS,  — ,  Bekidcrc  Bond,  Lambeth — 

Manufacturers. 
Circular  table  of  walnut-tree,  and  two  Davenports  and 
three  chain*,  all  finely  carved. 


385     Arrowsmith,  H.  &  A.,  bO  New  Bond  Street — 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

A  doconited  cabinet  in  zebra  wood  and  gold,  nicely 
Ciir\e<l;  the  four  panels  illustrating  "Womiui's  Historj'," 
the  two  upper  comjNulmentH,  removable,  and  arranged 
for  writing  materials,  and  ladies'  work. 

S]»ocimens  of  patent  lace  curtains,  resembling  the 
tiK>st  elaborate  point  lace  ;  of  patent  damask  curtjiiiis, 
resembling  cut  velvet  pile  curtains  ;  and  of  a  new  piit- 
teni  line  curtain,  lined  ^ith  pink  silk,  adapted  for  win- 
dows, bedsteads,  &c. 

New  dry  process  of  cleaning  carpets,  curtains,  tai)es- 
tries,  needlework,  and  simibu*  articles  of  furniture. 


380        M'Lean,  Charles,  78  &  1 10  Fleet  Street— 

Manufacturer. 
Large  looking-glass  tmd  console  table,  omamonte<l  and 
gilt.     {Main  Aretiuc  West.)     This  glass  is  represented  in 
the  PUte  28. 

389     Avery  &  Dangar.  11  (ire-it  I'ortUmd  Street 

Manufsicturora. 
Shutter  blind  for  the  Anibjissa^lorn  now  Palace  at  Con 
etantinople. 


Improved  outside  Venetian  blind.  Improved  outside 
boimet  blind,  set  high  or  low  at  pleasure;  or  constructed 
so  as  to  draw  up  into  the  soffit  of  a  window  when  not  in 
use. 

White  holland  spring  blind  adapted  to  casement  ynn- 
dows.  

390  Burt,  Henry  Potter,  238  Blackfriars  Road— 

Inventor. 
Improved  patent  window-blinds,  composed  entirely  of 
metal.     They  admit  of   variety  in  pattern,  are   i^pli- 
cable  for  out-door  use,  and  especially  adapted  for  warm 
climates.  

391  Austin,  James,  8  Princess  Street,  Finsbury — 

Manufacturer. 
Patent  sash  and  clock  lines,  xmuiu&ctared  from  flax; 
blind  lines,    from  flax,  silk,  cotton,  and  worsted;  and 
lamp  and  picture  lines  from  silk  and  worsted. 

392  Wells  &  Co.,  Bedford— FrodnceTB, 

Table  tops  made  of  English  oak,  grown  at  Ampthill 
Park,  the  property  of  the  Duke  of  Bedford.  (South  Wall.) 

[A  survey  of  this  park,  by  order  of  IWliament  in  1653, 
describes  287  trees  as  hollow  and  too  much  decayed  for 
the  use  of  the  navy.  The  oaks  thus  saved  frt>m  the  axe 
remain  to  the  present  day  the  picturesque  ornament  of 
the  place.] 

395  Harris,  Henrt  George,  528  New  Oxford  Strcet^- 

Manufaicturer. 
Patent  perforated  transparent  roller  blind,  made  of  the 
common  prepared  muslin,  ordinarily  used  for  transparent 
painting. 

[The  perforations  are  made  by  placing  the  muslin  upon 
metal  blocks,  and  then  gently  rubbing  those  portions  of 
the  muslin  to  be  perforated  vrith  a  piece  of  flne  sand- 
paper or  pumice-stone,  until  the  muslin  in  those  parts  is 
ground  away.  By  this  process  a  variety  of  patterns  may 
be  produced  with  one  block.  They  are  adapted  to  warm 
climates,  the  air  being  freely  admitted  through  the  {>er- 
foratious ;  they  exclude  the  sun  from  an  a|>artment,  and 
at  the  same  time  render  exterior  objects  visible  from  it.] 

39  G      KoBELT  &  Sons,  22  Netccjstle  Street,  Strnnd,  and 

17  Cross  Street,  Blackfriars  Road — Inventors  and 

Manufacturers. 

Ornamental  Hpring-roller  blind  ;  enclosed  in  a  brass  case, 

to  pre8er\'e  the  linen  fixim  dust;  the  spring  works  on  brass; 

with  improved  cog-plate  cap  and  lever,  which  reduces  the 

roller  one  quarter  of  an  inch. 

397      Lucas,  Philip,  jun.,  19  /It/de  Park  Gardens — 

Inventor. 
Rotatory  shop-blind. 

399  Thames   Plate   Glass    Company,   Botr  Creek, 

Blachrall,    Ware/touse,   Stwy    Wharf,    Strand — 
Manufacturers. 
Largo  siMXjimen  of  plate  glass,   the  largest   hitherto 
produced.     Large  silvered  plate.     {Centre  Acetvie.) 

400  Noel,  Henry  William,  :I7  J/i/h  Street,  CamUm 

Toim — Designer  and  Miuiufacturcr. 
Painted  transparent  win<low  blinds,   in    imitation    of 
stained  glass ;  for  libnir>'  or  staircase  windows.     Chinese 
bird  blinds  for  drawing  and  sitting  rooms,  boudoirs,  Ac. 

401  Origg,  John,  //»«"-*•//,  ue<ir  Wells — Inventor  an*  1 

Miuiufacturor. 

Ornamental  rustic  ann-chair,  containing  3,0()r>  pieces  of 
wo«m1,  Mv-ith  a  picture  of  the  Exhibition  inserted,  which 
contjiins  .'.oo  pit'ces,  made  from  natural  colour  w«k><1s. 

Mechanical  pictures: —view  of  Knox's  house,  in  lligh 
Street,  E<linburgh,  contains  1,2<K)  pieces  of  inlaid  wo«k1, 
all  natural  colours.     Balmowl  OsaU^,  VVi^  T«i^^\w:fe  ^^^ 


760 


Ctj^ss  26.— furniture,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS, 
Areas  I.  J.  19  to  25 ;  L.  to  0.  21  to  24. 


rUsiTED 


Her  Majesty,  in  the  Highlandfly  containB  700  pieces  of  in- 
laid wood,  and  700  pieces  in  the  frame,  all  natural  colours. 
Residence  in  the  Highlands,  where  Her  Majesty  enter- 
tained the  different  clans,  when  they  performed  meir  va- 
rious feats;  contains  300  pieces  of  inlaid  wood,  all  natoral 
colours. 

402      Lee,  George  L.,  245  High  ffolbom — ^Prod  cer. 

Imitation  stained  glass  and  marbling  on  surfaces  by  the 
water  bath. 


403  Pratt,  Henry,  123  New  Bond  Street — Inventor  and 

Bianufacturer. 

Patent  travelling  wardrobe,  with  double  folding  lids, 
drawers  and  spaces  for  hat,  made  in  scarlet  morocco,  solid 
leather,  gilt,  and  lined  with  satin. 

Ladies'  patent  travelling  wardrobe,  with  double  folding 
lids,  drawers,  and  space  for  bonnets,  covered  in  scarlet 
morocco,  decorated  and  furnished  inside  with  Genoa  velvet 
and  satin. 

P&tent  compendium  portmanteau,  with  expanding  bag^ 
made  of  scarlet  morocco  on  solid  leather,  gilt. 

Officer^s  portable  brass  bedstead,  to  form  sofa,  with  the 
exhibitor's  patent  spring  mattress  and  musquito  curtains. 

Portable  brass  chaise  lounge  with  elastic  gutta  percha 
sacking. 

Travelling  chaii*  in  brass,  to  form  couch  and  bedstead. 

The  above  patents  for  wardrobes  were  obtained  July 
9th,  1850,  and  specified  Jan.  9th,  1851. 

404  DowBiGOiN,  Thomas,  23  Mount  Street,  Groaoenor  Square 

— Mauufiacturer  and  Designer. 

Commode,  of  various  woods;  the  panels  ornamented 
with  marquetrie  and  carvings,  and  painted  china  in  the 
centre.  The  pilasters  of  painted  cmna,  with  metal  caps, 
chased  and  gilt:  the  whole  finished  with  chased  and  gilt 
mouldings. 

Walnut  carved  bedstead  and  cornice,  with  temporary 
hangings.  

405  AuLDJO,  Mrs.  T.  Richardson,  Noel  House, 

Kensington — Producer. 

Table  made  of  wood  found  in  a  villa  near  Pompeii. 

In  the  summer  of  1835,  Colonel  Robinson,  at  that 
time  director  of  the  Royal  Manufactory  of  Gunpowder  of 
Naples,  having  occasion  to  make  some  excavations  near 
Pompeii,  in  connexion  with  the  water  supply  to  the  gun- 
powder works  at  Torre  deirAununziata,  came  upon  the 
remains  of  a  Roman  villa.  On  examination  it  appeared 
to  have  been  under  process  of  repair  when  overwhelmed 
by  the  same  catastrophe  which  destroyed  Pompeii  a.d.  79.  I 
At  the  principal  entrance  was  found  a  large  beam  of 
wood,  squared  and  ready,  probably  to  be  used  as  the 
lintel  of  the  door.  It  was  apparently  completely  charred, 
and  was  strongly  impregnated  with  the  odour  of  carbonic 
acid  gas.  On  being  touched,  however,  the  outer  parts 
crumbled  into  dust,  but  the  centre  proved  to  be  sound 
and  as  black  as  jet.  This  is  now  exhibited  as  a  specimen 
of  some  of  the  oldest  wood  probably  in  existence,  for, 
from  the  size  of  the  beam,  the  tree  from  which  it  was 
prepared  must  have  been  at  least  200  years  old  when  cut 
down.  This  remnant  of  the  beam  was  kept  for  two  years 
exposed  to  the  air,  to  free  it  from  the  strong  smell  of 
carbonic  acid  gas,  and  was  then  sawn  into  veneers,  of 
which  two  tables  were  made.  They  were  mounted  in 
London  on  pedestals  designed  from  a  bronze  candelabrum 
yi  the  Royal  Museum  at  Naples. 

406  Martin,  John,  45  Southampton  Bow,  Bussell  Square 

— Manufacturer. 
Walnut-tree  chair,  with  portrait  on  the  back. 


407  Holland,  William,  St.  JohCs,  Warwick— DcmguBt 

and  Producer. 

Half-sized  door,  pdnted  in  imitation  of  oak,  inlaid  with 
ebony  and  pearl;  suitable  for  dining-rooms  or  libraries. 
Another,  polished  white  enamel,  with  gold  mooldinqg^; 
adapted  for  drawing-rooms. 

Two  half-size  doors,  imitation  of  walnut,  inlaid  with 
flowers,  &c.,  in  various  woods,  to  hannoniae  with  mai^ 
quetrie  furniture,  and  floors;  suitable  for  ladies^  bou- 
doirs, drawing-rooms,  Ac.  Another,  painting,  with  figures 
in  the  Pompeian  style,  adapted  for  saloons.  Anotiber,  in 
the  Elizabethan  s^le,  witn  composition  OTnamenCi  to 
imitate  carved  oak;  suitable  for  litouies. 

Half-size  door,  in  the  Louis  Quatorae  style;  ada^xted 
for  drawing-rooms,  saloons,  &c.  Anoihar,  with  plate-ghst 
panels,  embossed  with  gold  and  tOver;  aaiti^bla  for  dnw- 
mg-rooms,  saloons,  boudoirs,  ke. 

Miniature  specimens  of  wall  deoorations  for  dinii^  and 
drawing-rooms,  libraries,  boudoirs,  picture  nlleries,  Ac: 
with  composition  ornaments  enri&ed  wuh  gold  and 
silver  upon  crimson  velvet,  with  badgaa  in  oomer  orna- 
ments: with  green  watered  silk  panels  and  enridied 
mouldings ;  with  embossed  and  silvered  plntm  glsan  smaller 
panels.  Blue  silk  panels  and  gilded  composition  oomen. 
Tinted  in  party  colours  and  gold.  Eliaabatlian  style,  ia 
gold  and  various  coloured  flocks,  with  anna  emblaaoned, 
and  imitation  of  carved  oak  comers.  OntaDuoted  flock 
panels  and  composition  comers. 

Any  design  or  description  of  ornament,  ooata  of  anni, 
&c.,  can  be  introduced  to  any  scale  in  flock  upon  the 
walls  of  rooms  without  the  use  of  paper. 

Imitation  mari>les  for  walls  of  staircases,  entranoe  ^^l^ 
corridors,  &c.  Specimen  of  imitation  of  mart>le  on  plaU 
glass. 

Three  specimens  of  imitation  of  inlaid  maibles  npoa 
slate,  in  imitation  of  Florentine  tables.  Imitation  tnEi 
woods  for  marquetrie  tables. 

Specimens  of  the  exhibitor^s  newly-invented  method  of 
staining  woods  to  borders  of  marquetrie  flooiv;  devgni 
to  suit  the  different  styles  of  buildmg. 

Newly-invented  flocking  machine,  for  flodung  walk, 
&c.  ^__^ 

408    British  Plate  Glass  Company,  1  Albim  Plaee, 
Blackfriars,  and  Bavenhead,  St.  ffelem's^  LtmoaMt— 
Bianufacturers. 
Two  specimen  looking  glasses,  each  upwarda  of  12  feet 

high.     {Main  Avenue,  West.) 


526  Cowbll  &  Thomas,  103  High  Street,  MaryUboM— 
Designers  and  Manufacturera. 
Specimen  of  solid  inlaying,  by  hand,  intended  for  flooit 
of  drawing-rooms,   boudoirs,  ball-rooms.     Bzecntad  ia 
deal  and  mahogany,  in  boards  of  the  ordinaiy  width. 


527  Marsden,  Charles,  North  Place,  King^md 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  mari>le  and  other  paper 
halls,  staircases,  &c. 


fbr 


528        England,  G.  W.,  Leeds — ^Deaignar  and 

Manufacturer. 

Dining-room  chair,  mahogany,  showing  a  noTel  mode 
of  construction.  The  back  in  one  piece  of  wood,  the 
seat-frame  only  two  joints  in  fronts  diflerent  shades  of 
colour  avoided,  and  the  wood  running  in  one  onifcrm 
direction. 

Library  chair  in  oak,  made  in  the  same  way. 

Library  ink-stand  in  rosewood. 


Kixodom/. 


PAPIER  MACHft,  AND  JAPANNED  GOODS. 
South  Areas  N.  O.  28,  29. 


701 


MEDIiEVAL  COURT. 

529  PuGiN,  Messrs. 

Vmioiis  lulicles  for  the  ornament  and  decoration  of 
lurches,  &c. 


530     Cbacb,  John  Gregort,  14  Wujmore  Street — 

Bfanufacturer. 

Funuture  and  decoration  in  the  mediscval  style. 

Side  board,  in  canred  oak. 

Oak  cabinet  bookcase,  in  canred  oak,  with  ornamental 
braas  work. 

OcUgon  and  writing  table,  in  carved  walnut  wood, 
vHh  imaid  top. 

>  Canred  oak  bench.  Tables  and  lecterns.  Carved  prie- 
dieu,  with  tryptic  over.  Oak  screen  with  needlework,  by 
Mi«  Bifield. 

A  carved  pianoforte,  and  a  carved  gilt  pianoforte,  made 
by  Lambert  and  Co.,  1  Werrington  Street,  St.  Pancras. 

TuMatry  damask  in  silk  and  wool.  Silk  brocatelles. 
Woollen  stuffs  for  hangings.  Chintzes.  Axminster, 
Brusaela,  and  velvet  pile  carpets. 

Decorations  in  the  mediaoval  style. 


Sm     MiNTON,  H.  &  Co.,  Stoke-upm- Trent,  Staffordshire 

Manufacturers. 
Ornamental  tiles,  porcelain,  and  painted  ware. 


532  Habdman,  John,  &Co.,  Great  Charles  St.,  Birmingham 

— Manufacturers. 

Brass  lecterns,  with  book-desks,  and  figures  of  various 
kinds. 

Altar,  with  brass  pillars,  and  other  appurtenances,  in 
the  old  French  style. 

Candlesticks,  with  various  ornamental  figures,  in  an- 
Uqae  style. 

Brass  table,  with  inlaid  marble  top.  Hanging-beam 
for  lamps. 

Plate«l  metal  candleetickfl,  beaten  and  engraved.  An 
iron  candlestick.     Bn»fl  ornament  for  altar. 

Corona,  inteude<l  for  a  large  parish  chiutih.  BraBS 
cliandeliers,  of  new  designH,  for  clmrchee. 

Small  brass  corona.  Bra8s  standfl,  with  branches  for 
litrhts.  Braw  book-stuudH  aud  candlesticks,  u'itli  various 
ornamental  figures. 

Monumental  brasses,  with  various  figures  and  ornaments. 

[**  Beaten  work  "  is  produced  by  being  raised  by  means 
of  a  hammer,  on  variotisly  formed  stakes  or  an\ilH;  the 
figures,  or  ornaments,  are  produced  by  being  punched  up 
thereafter.  The  interior  of  a  vessel  or  ornament  is  fille<l 
with  some  sulistance,  say  pitch,  and,  by  means  of  small 
tools,  the  workman  completes  the  design;  these  works 
are  always  pnKluced  out  of  thin  plates  of  metal ;  the  art 
of  the  engraver  then  follows,  and,  in  the  higher  class  of 
objects,  when  not  fonne<l  of  a  precious  metal,  they  are 
**  parcel  "  gilt,  that  \a  to  say,  certiin  portions  of  the  sur- 
face are  gilt,  which  are  confined  within  given  spaces,  by 
outline  engraving.  The  enaraeller  occasionally  lends  his 
aid  to  pro<luce  rich  colouring.  Enamel  is  produced  by 
heat;  it  is,  in  truth,  a  coloure<l  glass,  which  is  ground 
down  in  some  volatile  substance,  and  applie<l  in  a  fluid 
state  with  a  brush,  and  which  the  heat  of  a  muffle  ftises, 
and  renders  a  tranHi»arent  substance,  which  is  occasionally 
poliflhed.  The  enaniellers  of  Limoges  were  celebrated  for 
their  excellence  in  this  department  of  fine  art  manufacture. 

By  "  pierced  work,"  is  understood  the  jwrfo rated 
scroll  metal  work,  which  adome<l  many  of  the  hinges 
and  other  articles;  this  was  originally  <lone  by  means  of 
small  sawn;  it  afforded  abundant  room  for  the  exercise  of 
tfiHte  and  originality. 

In  the  brass  working  a  difference  will  be  detected  in 
th«  degree  or  appearance  of  finish ;   this  arises  from  every 


portion  of  the  work  being  polished,  by  means  of  which 
the  natural  colour  of  the  brass  is  shown.  In  modem 
brass-foundry  acid-finish  is  the  rule,  the  polish-finish  the 
exception.  Every  portion  of  the  work,  in  the  latter  case, 
is  filed  carefully  over,  and  finished  by  brushing,  with 
revolving  brushes,  with  rotten-stone  and  oil,  a  chamois 
skin  and  the  same  material  clears  it  up,  and  the  whole 
is  protected  iroui  tarnish  by  a  light  lacquer. 

Monumental  brasses  are  formed  out  of  rolled  metal, 
and  the  designs  and  inscriptions  incised  by  means  of  the 
graver^s  tools;  the  hollows,  or  incisions,  are  filled  up 
with  a  hard  wax;  in  some  of  the  older  specimens  a  kind 
of  enamel  was  used.  After  the  brass  work  is  completed 
the  same  is  inlaid  in  black  marble,  or  Purbeck  stone,  ac- 
cording  to  taste. — ^W.  C.  A.] 

Brass  chandeliers,  with  branches,  in  the  style  of  the 
15th  century.  Coronas,  brass  hall-lanterns,  and  cande- 
labra. Brass  candlesticks,  for  tables.  Brass  beaten  alms 
dishes.     Looking-glass,  mounted  with  brass. 

Painted  glass  windows  for  halls,  chapels,  and  churches, 
containing  various  figures  and  ornaments.  Various  spe- 
cimens of  tracery.  The  glass  manufieuH^ured  by  Messrs. 
Lloy<l  and  Summerfield,  Birmingham  ;  and  Messrs. 
Hartley  and  Co.,  Sunderland. 

[Considerable  advance  has  been  made  in  the  art  of 
glass  staining,  or  painting.  Transparency  and  brilliancy 
of  colour  are  now  obtained  by  several  of  the  English  glass 
painters.  The  colours  employed  are  principally  metallic 
oxides.  The  process  of  painting  a  glass  window  may  be 
thus  described : — a  cartoon  is  made  of  the  subject  intended, 
which  is,  in  the  majority  of  instances,  transferred  to  the 
hands  of  the  workmen  who  are  to  apply  the  colour;  when 
this  is  done,  the  glass,  with  the  colour  applied,  is  subjected 
to  the  heat  of  a  muffle,  and  is  fused.  "  Pot  metal "  is  occa- 
sionally used,  that  is,  metal  which  has  been  made  in  a  fur- 
nace, \\ith  the  colour  incorporated  with  the  glass  when 
in  a  state  of  fusion:  "flashed  glass"  is  also  used,  and 
is  made  by  the  covering  a  ball  of  glass  with  coloured 
glass,  by  blowing  it  into  the  fonn  of  a  globe,  and  then 
finally  fliishing  it,  or  throwing  it  into  a  horizontal  disc, 
from  which  pieces  are  cut — the  details  are  then  added, 
and  the  glass  is  put  into  the  hands  of  the  glazier,  who 
leads  it  together,  and  forms  the  window. — W.  C.  A.] 

Embroidered  robes  of  white  and  gold  brocaded  silk, 
re<l  velvet,  red  and  gold  brocaded  silk,  white  silk  bro- 
cade with  gold  threiul,  with  hoods,  capes,  girdles,  &c. 
Various  s|)ecimens  of  embroidery,  chain  stichings,  silks, 
laces,  &c.     Designed  by  A.  W.  Pugin,  Esq. 


533     Myers,  George,  Ordnance  Wh^trf,  Lambeth — 

Manufactiu*er. 

Font  and  cover  in  the  style  of  the  fifteenth  century, 
the  four  panels  contain  "The  Fall  of  Man,"  "Baptism 
of  our  Lonl,"  "  St.  John  preaching  in  the  Wilderness,** 
and  "The  Crucifixion."  Tomb  to  be  erected  in  St. 
Chad's,  Birmingham,  for  the  late  Dr.  Walsh.  Reredos 
and  altar.  Stone  tal>cmacle.  Rood  for  the  screen  of  a 
chapel.  Compartment  of  the  screen  for  a  church.  Oak 
l>ench  for  a  {>arochial  church.  St.  John  the  Baptist,  in 
oak,  on  corl>el.  Stone  altar  for  the  chancel  of  a  parish 
church.  Stone  fire-place.  Compartment  of  staircase.  Oak 
cabinet  in  the  style  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

Copper  casement,  denigned  for  a  lunatic  asyhun. 


534  Bifield,  Caroline,  6  Canrmhitry  Place,  hlimjt<ni^ 
Designer  an<l  Proprietor. 
Screen:— St.  Oeoiye  and  the  Dragon,  with  the  arms  of 
the  United  King<lom  encircled  by  the  national  etnbl««mH ; 
also,  containing  the  arms  of  the  Queen,  Prince  Alliert, 
IVince  of  Wales,  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  and  Sir  Rol>ert 
Peel,  in  an  omameutefl  oak  frame. 


762 


Class  26.— FURNITURE,  UPHOLSTERY,  PAPER  HANGINGS,  Ac. 

South  Areas  N.  0.  28,  29. 


535  Du  Cane,  A.,  Witham — Designer. 

Casket  to  contain  a  lock  of  hair. 


536   TucKKB,  F.,  &  Co.,  Jr«wuu/^on— Manufacturers. 

Wax  candles  for  church  and  domestic  purposes;  made 
by  hand  and  not  in  a  mould,  twisted,  triple  and  painted; 
exhibited  for  novelty. 


DECORATIVE  CEIUNGS.- South  of  Nave. 

BayM. 

21  Trollope  &  Son,  \h  Parliament  Street, 

22  Jackson  &  Sons,  49  &  50  Rathbone  Place,   Oxford 
Street, 

23  Jackson  &  Graham^  37  k  38  Oxford  Street, 

24  Calu  &  CoTTi. 


Under  South  Gallery. 

Bay  P. 

15  Jones  &  Co.  (late  Robson  &  Jones). 

1    LiTHGOW  &  PURDIE. 

North  of  Nate. 
Bay  I. 

19  Jackson  &  Sons,  Rathbone  Place. 

20  A.  Hervieu,  10  Portugal  Street,  Grotvenor  Si^itare. 

21  Henrt  Croughton,  100  Upper  Street,  Ltlington. 

22  Richard  Thomas^    Circm  Hood  East,   St.  JJm* 
Wood. 

23 
24 

25   C.    F.    BiELEFlELD,     15    WellinjtfM  Street   Aorth, 

Strand. 


[school  of  Design,  Somerset  House. 


MANUFACTURES    IN    MINERAL    SUBSTANCES,    FOR   BUILDING 
OR   DECORATIONS. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Thb  first  of  the  thirty  CIubbcb  of  the  Exhibition  has  a  close  relationship  witli  the  preBent  Ciau.  The  first 
CUss,  comprising  tlio  raw  material,  and  this  its  application  tfl  use  and  conversion  into  definite  fonn,  their 
omnection  bcoomea  more  evident  than  between  other  of  the  Classes  of  raw  nialeriaU  and  manufactures.  Thus 
it  may  be  said  that  CUss  4,  including  vegetable  and  animal  Bubstances  used  in  manufactures,  was  only  remotely 
oonoectcd  with  several  other  Classes,  Fnich  as  cotton,  silk,  flax,  woollen,  leather,  &c.  The  same  cannot  be  said 
with  reference  to  the  Class  just  named — its  connection  with  mineral  manufactyres  is  immeiUate  and  obvious. 
Id  scone  respects,  the  present  Class  deserves  to  he  notice<l  as  presenting  a  contrast  to  several  of  the  preceding 
Classes  of  monufoctureH.  In  many  of  the  preceding  ('lasaes.  the  preponderating  influence  in  the  manufacture 
has  been  generally  of  a  mechanical  kind,  the  material  itself  undergoing  little  amount  of  physical  change.  To 
this  the  exceptions  of  glass  and  cemmic  manufactures  must,  however,  be  made.  In  the  present  Class,  although 
largely  consisting  of  specimens  of  raw  material  o]«rate<l  on  exclusively  by  mechanical  force,  divisions  arc 
recognised  which  comprise  processes  in  which  the  agency  of  chemical  laws,  and  of  those  of  heat,  is  necessary 
to  the  success  of  the  manufaclurc.  Of  this  kind  are  the  cements,  artiticml  stones,  plasters,  compositions,  &c., 
fonning  a  most  impori.int  Class  of  substances  in  themselves,  and  extremely  well  represented  in  the  Exhibi- 
tion, In  the  manufactures  in  stones,  slates,  Ac.,  the  raw  material  is  presented  to  notice  precisely  in  its 
natural  state  as  regards  its  physical  character,  the  fonn  and  polish  having  been  communicated  mechanically ; 
but,  in  the  BulBtanccs  just  mentioned,  nicclmnical  force  is  only  suI«iJiary  to  that  powerful  display  of  chemical 
affinity  which,  on  the  mere  application  of  water,  binds  tt^ethcr  the  particles  of  an  incoherent  powder  into  a 
■nlid  and  stone-like  mass.  To  this,  in  the  jirocess  of  hardening,  form  is  given  either  by  moulds,  or  by  appro- 
priate tonla  in  the  hands  of  the  workman. 

The  following  Kul)-C'laBi*s  are  recognised ; — A.  Haniifactiires  in  common  Stones,  as  for  building,  and  for 
deoiralive  inirjxwos;  H.  Mnnufacturfs  in  Slate,  for  construction  or  for  decoration  ;  C.  Manufactures  in  Cement 
and  artificial  Stones ;  Tl.  Manufactures  in  Mariiles,  Gmnites,  I'orpliyrics,  Alalmstcr,  Rpnr,  &c.,  for  useful  and 
omamenlal  piirpf>m'K ;  R.  Inlaid  work  in  Stone,  Marble,  and  other  mineral  snlatances ;  F,  Ornamental  work 
in  Plaster,  Composition,  Rcnglioln,  imitation  Marble,  &c. ;  (r.  Combinations  of  Iron  and  other  metals,  with 
Glass  and  other  8ul«lnnces,  for  various  useful  purTMDSCS. 

In  llie  linilding,  the  objects  belonging  to  this  Class  arc  placed  generally  in  Arms  R.  H.  14  t 
IB  to  17.     These  will  he  Inund  on  Ihe  North  side  of  the  Western  Main  Aven 

n  Ihe  Avenue  itself  se vend  Inrge  objects  are  plac 


1  17,  and  I.  J. 

y  lietweeji  the  Transept 
■ed  which  lielon',;  to  this  ClasB. 


ladreporecolimms,  S.T.    Outside  the  Wes 
('  included  liere,  such  as  the  specimens  of  cem 


ing.  the  r..u 
Entrance,  also,  a  niiml«'r  of  arlicles  are  e\hiliitc<l  which 
©f  pipes  in  earthenware,  of  umamental  bricks,  &c, 

Tlic  geological  chamcler  cif  a  locality  in  thin  inst.mce 
determine  Ihe  peculi.ir  contributions  foniardcd  from  llie: 
^ire,  Cornwall,  &c.,  as  miLibt  lie  anticijiattil,  s 
spars,  lVc.  ;  for,  in  the  districts  reprisontcil,  Iba 
<rf  which  are  shown.  Ilic  sanip  remark  applies 
building  ojierations  arc  earrieil  nn  to  nn  extent 
supposed  to  ho  the  largest  exhibitor  of  eemenia 

tVone  very  lame   specimens  of  slates,  applicl  to  purjiosi'S  c 

exh)hite<l  outsiite  Ihe  Uuildimr.    The  cohesive  |iowcr  of  cements  i. 

crnnHnations,  as  with  pebbles,  hollow  bricks,  ftc.  The  method  odopleii  to  illuslralo  the  alrength  of  the 
cement  is  to  unite  two  surfaces  with  it,  and  by  iron  clan)|«  let  into  the  stones  above,  and  that  lielow,  to  apjily 
B  force  calculated  to  seinrate  the  joineii  portions.  By  nsina  pigs  of  cast-iron,  slung  by  chains  to  the  lower 
elampd,  and  by  adding  gnidnnlly  to  their  number,  the  ]>recise  point  at  which  the  weight  overnnnes  the  cohesive 
attraction  of  the  cement  niny  W  simi>ly  ascertained,  the  area  of  the  surface  unile.1  always,  of  courw,  forming 
an  important  clement  in  ifie  enlcnlation.  Other  eirenmslances  licins  similar,  that  cement  is  consiilereil  the 
most  powerful  which  nipiires  the  henviest  weiiiht  to  disunite  tin?  surfaces.  In  order,  however,  to  gain  accu- 
rate knowle<lge  of  this  fact,  tbest>  expcrimenls  should  1«  conducted  with  cnro  anil  precision,  otherwise  the 
imults  may  be  whollv  dere]ilive.  Tlii'se  cements  mav  be,  and  are.  in  fact,  practically  includi.il  imlilferently 
either  in  CliiBS  1  or  Chiss  27.     It  is  prineiijnlly  in  ll'ieir  iipplieation  not  so  much  a»  a  cement  as  for  the 


e  will  lie  foimd,  as  might  be  rensoiiably  expectcl,  to 
ice  to  the  Kxhibilion.  'nius,  from  I>erbyshin.',  IJcvon- 
H[>ecimenii  of  marbles,  granites,  jiorpbyrieB,  alaliaster, 
,.  natural  iniiu-ral  wealth  exists  in  gri-at  ahundance,  examples 
111  the  slates  si'ut  from  Wales,  Ac.  Tlie  Melroj-ilis,  in  which 
etiiii>ll»i  bv  no  other  caj.ital  ii>  the  world,  might  !«■  naturally 
and  artificial  stones,  ami  such  is  ncconliimly  the  fact. 

:  utility,  as  for  cisterns,  Ac,  are 


704 


Class  27.— MANUFACTURES  IN  MINERAL  SUBSTANCES, 

Areas  O.  H.  14  to  17 ;  I.  J.  1(5, 17. 


''  UNITED 


formation  of  a  plastic  material  for  architectural  or  ornamental  purposes  that  they  have  been  repu'ded  in  the 
arrangement  of  this  Class — Class  1.  containing  a  numhcr  of  exhibitors  of  these  substances.  For  the  latter 
purpose,  however,  their  power  of  cohesion,  accompanied  with  their  adaptation  to  manipulating  prooeaKS^ 
form  their  most  valuable  properties. 

A  variety  of  articles  for  use  and  ornament,  formed  of  cements  of  different  descriptions,  are  exhibited.  The 
a))plication  of  these  substances  to  wall-decoration  is  illustrated  by  some  beautiful  si)ecinien8,  so  cloacly  imita- 
tive of  marble  as  to  be  with  difliculty  distinguished  from  that  material.  The  applications  of  terra-cotta,  also, 
are  increasing,  and  various  objects  fonned  of  this  material  are  shown.  Among  others,  the  model  of  a  diuich, 
formed  of  terra-cotta,  may  be  considered  as  an  interesting  illustration  of  the  uses  of  this  subatanoe.  Tlie 
model  represents  a  real  structure,  which  is  entirely  built  of  terra-cotta,  as  a  substitute  for  bricks,  &c 

Machinery  has  been  applied  recently  with  much  success  to  carving  objects  in  wood  and  also  in  stone,  and 
the  results  are  exhibited  in  some  fine  siiecimens.  The  Derbyshire  marbles,  as  worked  by  mechanical  power, 
are  shown.  The  serpentine  of  Cornwall,  naturally  an  extremely  l)eautiful  and  ornamental  stone  of  a  rich 
body  colour,  and  relieved  with  brilliant  veins  of  white,  have  been  formed  into  pedestals,  vases,  tables,  and 
other  articles  which  are  exhibited  in  this  Class.  Cannel  coal  has  often  been  applied  to  ornamental  uses  for 
which,  in  consequence  of  its  not  soiling  the  han<ls,  and  its  cai^ability  of  receiving  great  brilliancy  of  polish,  it 
forms  a  very  appropriate  material.  A  block  of  parrot,  or  cannel  coal,  is  exhibited  in  this  Class  by  H.  R.  H. 
Prince  Albert,  together  with  a  garden  seat  made  of  this  substance,  which  has  been,  in  this  instance,  derived 
from  West  Wemyss  colliery,  in  Fifeshire. 

llie  sections  of  cotta^i^es,  built  >inth  hollow  brickwork,  glazed  and  unglazcd,  will  receive  much  attention. 
The  conditions  proposed  to  be  satisfied  by  this  method  of  building  are  those  of  dryness,  warmth,  duiabiLitv, 
security  from  tire,  deadc^ning  of  sound,  and  economy  of  construction.  The  model  cottages  exhibited  if 
H.  R.  H.  Prince  Albert,  near  the  South-eastern  comer  of  the  Exhibition  Building,  Outside,  liave  been  coo- 
structed  with  these  bricks,  and  embody  several  other  valuable  and  ingenious  features  in  their  arrangements.— 
R.  E. 


1    Krbshaw,  Thomas,  35  John  Street,  Fitzroy  Square — 

Painter. 
Imitation  of  foreign  and  English  marbles  and  woods, 
for  house  decorations;  made  of  wood  and  slate. 


3  BaENPON,  William  Steet,  Teolm  Bridge,  near 

iMtuicestim — Proprietor. 

Chimney-piece,  with  portion  of  pavement  and  skirting; 

suitable  for  an  entrance  hall,  designed  bv  Walter  Damant, 

architect,  of  Plymouth,  and  executed  by  James  Bovey, 

statuary,  in  Teolm  Bridge  slate  and  polyphant  freestone. 

4  BovBT,  J.,  Plymouth,  Devon — Manufacturer. 

A  chimney-piece,  suitable  for  a  hall  or  library;  designed 
by  Oswald  Cornish  Arthur,  architect;  executed  in  black 
marble,  and  inlaid  with  variously -coloured  marbles,  found 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Plymouth. 

A  font,  in  the  perpendicular  style,  designed  by  Walter 
Damant,  architect;  executed  in  limestone  marble.  The 
step  is  of  Dartmoor  granite^  inlaid  with  specimens  of  Ply- 
mouth marble. 

The  marble  contains  abundance  of  foHsil  remains,  and  is 
capable  of  receiving  a  fine  polish  by  ordinary  hand  labour. 

5  FuEWER,  James,  Woodbrklije  Bodd,  Ipswich — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
A  Caen  stone  carved  chimney-piece. 

0    Champeenowne,  Henrt,  Darlington  House,  Totnes — 

Proprietor. 

Circular  table  of  bright  chocolate -coloured  marble. 

Various  specimens  of  the  marbles,  shovdng  their  adap- 
tation to  decorative  purposes. 

[The  marbles  of  Devonshire  are  often  coralline,  but 
generally  very  crystalline  and  much  altered,  the  fossil 
remains  being  more  or  less  obliterated.  They  often 
exhibit  veins,  and  ore  varied  and  rich  in  colour.  The 
chief  objection  to  them  in  working,  arises  from  the  fre- 
quent irr^ularity  of  texture  they  present,  and  their 
brittleness.  Where  more  uniform,  they  may  be  manu- 
factured for  various  ornamental  purposes. — D,  T.  A.] 

7    Mayo  &  Co.,  17  SUver  Street,  Wuod  Street,  Cheapside— 

Inventor. 

Patent  syphon  vases,  for  containing  aerated  or  gaseous 

mineral  waters.   They  afford  the  means  of  withdrawing  at 

pleasure  such  quantities  as  may  be  desired,  whilst  that 

which  remains  for  subsequent  use  retains  its  purity  and 


effervescence.  The  vases  exhibited  are  specimeni  of  the 
combination  of  metal  with  pottery.  The  piuoeM  of 
manu&cture  is  the  invention  of  the  exhibitor. 


8    WiLLOCK,  £.  P.,  10  ExcJiGiige  Arcade,  Mamcheder— 

Producer. 
Specimens  of  Ladyshore  terra  cotta. 


9      Humble,  William,  35  Uuiwraity  Street,  Bedford 
Sputre — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Marble  octagon  table  top,  Siipi>orted  on  carved  wood 
column  and  base;  the  top  contains  700  pieces,  and  30 
different  qualities  of  rare  and    beautiful  marUei,  10 
Knglish  and  20  foreign,  inlaid  in  various  forms. 

11        Wilson,  J.,  Stratford,  A'ascur— Manu&cturer. 
Chess-table,  painted  in  imitation  of  marble. 


12  Hartley,    Thomas    Henrt,    Wegttnmtter  MarkU 

W'orks,  Earl  Street,  JIvlyueit  Street,  MWbmk- 

Proprietor. 

Cothic  stone  mural  monument  of  new  design,  with 

octagonal  piers,    carved    ornaments,    and     rod    ovaiti 

polished  panel  for  inscription.     Exhibited  for  wonmiB* 

ship. 

13  Eeins,  Qeorge,  Ware,  Herts — Manufacturer. 

Slate  coffin,  with  copper  screws;  exhibited  as  podkUj 
air-tight. 

14 


Wilson,  S.,  Grimley,  ^Vo««— Produosp. 
Slab  painted  in  imitation  of  marble. 


17 


The  London  Marrlk  and  Stonk  Wobkus 
Company,  Esher  Street,  near  MiUbank,  Wettmiaiiff 
— Importers,  Designers,  and  Manufiurturen. 

Grecian  column  chimney  piece  of  white  Carrara  inaiUf> 

Hexagon  and  octagon  Qothic  fonts,  in  the  perpendieohr 
style,  of  white  Carrara  marble. 

Mo<lel  of  a  bracketed  staircase,  worked  in  Irish  black 
marble,  for  the  Duke  of  Hamilton.  This  work  oom]^riied 
forty -one  ste])s  and  four  landings,  of  the  following  dinHS* 
sions,  viz.,  one,  10  feet  by  7  feet;  two,  7  feet  sqaar*! 
and  the  top  38  feet  long  by  9  feet  wide,  in  5  pieees;  sbiH 
125  S4iuare  balusters,  2  feet  6  high,  with  hand-raili  in  out 
length  of  IG  feet;  worked  and  iK>lished  by  the  Compsny** 
machinery' ;  the  invention  and  patent  of  James  TuUockf 
Esq.,  F.R.S. 

Table  and  slab  of  coloured  marble. 


Kingdom.] 


FOR  BUILDING  OR  DECORATIONS. 
Areas  G.  H.  14  to  17 ;  I.  J.  IG,  17. 


7C5 


18  MiRBOB   Marble   Company,    16   Castle  SHreet, 

Sauthtpork  Bridge  Road — Licensees  under  Patent 

and  Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  a  new  patent  mantelpiece,  made  entirely 
of  iron  and  glass.  The  surface  of  the  iron  is  japanned, 
bat  finished  in  a  peculiar  manner,  or  it  may  remain  with 
the  common  Berlin  finish,  a  specimen  of  which  is  also 
shown.  Thick  plate  glass  panels  are  introduced,  which 
being  marbled  or  painted  from  behind,  give  the  mantel- 
piece the  i^pearance  of  fine  marble.  A  mirror  is  added 
within  an  iron  frame,  with  a  border  in  blue  and  gold. 

19  Coaxes,  E.  J.,  13  Bread  Street,  Watlmg  Street— 

Proprietor. 
Chimney-pieces,  made  exclusively  of  iron  and  glass. 
Patented.  

20  Vauohan,  John,  Bath — Proprietor. 

Vase  and  pedestal,  showing  the  quality  of  Bath  stone. 

21  Blaolbubn,  Bewicke,  Island  of  Valentia,  Kerry, 

Ireland — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  slate  slabs,  from  the  island  of  Valentia, 
Kerry,  and  of  slate: — 

Sash  bars,  similar  in  form  to  the  wooden  ones  used 
in  the  roof  of  the  Exhibition  building. 

Roof  ridge  carved  in  slate  bv  machinery,  designed  by 
Benjamin  Woodward,  Esq.,  architect. 

I^k  or  garden  seat,  carved  in  slate. 

Tkble  exhibiting  the  surface  of  the  slate  polished. 

Slate  is  said  to  expand  and  contract  like  glass,  to  be 
more  durable  than  wood,  and  to  require  no  paint. 

The  Valentia  slate  quarry  is  worked  in  the  form  of  a 
Tast  tunnel  100  feet  high,  and  150  feet  wide  at  the  base, 
running  into  the  side  of  the  mountain  on  a  level.  Cranes 
traverse  the  top  of  the  tunnel.  The  slate  is  not  blasted, 
but  raised  by  wedges  in  blocks  of  about  a  foot  thick;  and 
bdng  too  tough  to  split,  is  sawn  into  slabs  of  any  desired 


22  Beits,  Edward  Ladd,  Aylesford,  near  Maidstone — 

Proprietor. 
Terra-cotta  vase. 

23  DouLTON,  Henry  k  Co.,  Lainbtrth — Manufacturers. 
Glazed  stoneware  drain  and  water-pipes. 

[The  Lambeth  stoneware  is  a  perfect  kind  of  pottery, 
approaching  very*  nearly  to  a  true  porcelain.  It  is  com- 
posed of  clay  and  flint,  and  exposed  to  such  a  degree  of 
heat  as  is  sufficient  to  produce  a  partial  vitrification.  This 
ware  is  glazed  by  throwing  salt  into  the  furnace  at  a  cer- 
tain stage  of  the  process,  which  is  diffused  by  the  intense 
heat  over  every  part  of  the  surface,  and  the  soda  com- 
bining with  the  silica  of  the  body  forms  a  perfect  glass. 
— R,H.] 

Specimens  of  architectural  ornaments  in  terra  cotta; 
of  vases,  garden  pots,  &c. 

Ward's  cases  for  the  growth  and  cultivation  of  ferns,  in 
terra  cotta. 

[Ward's  cases  are  made  nearly  air-tight,  but  not  entirely 
so,  by  which  plants  of  the  fern  family  and  habits  are  pro- 
tected from  the  injurious  influences  of  a  London  atmo- 
sphere, owing  to  the  very  gradual  supply  of  air  which  thci»e 
|Aants  receive,  and  the  procttw  of  filtration  to  which  it  is 
subjected.  In  these  cases,  ferns  grow  very  healthfully  in 
the  most  crowded  city. — R.  H.] 

24  Stevens  &  Sons,  18G  Dmn/  Imhc — Manufacturers. 
Martin's  cement  for  phistering  internal  walls,  ceilings, 

skirtings,  and  floors;  also  for  plain  and  coluure<l  mould- 
ings, castings,  and  decorations.     {On  Svuth  Wall,  S.  21.) 

25  Moore,  Ai-exa.ndkr,  10  Arthur  Strevt,  Bclfust-^ 

Miumfiicturt^r. 
Table— the  leaf  |)aiiit<'d  in  imitation  of  marble  and  si»ar, 
inlaid.      The  iMxluttal  in  imitation  of  statuary  marble. 


painted  by  a  new  process.  The  polish  was  produced  by 
manual  labour  alone,  without  the  aid  of  either  oil  or 
varnish. 

26     Page,  H.  C,  28  Commercial  Road  South,  Pimlico— 

Manufacturer, 
Marble  prepared  to  resist  the  effects  of  grease  and  dirt. 


27  Keene,  Richard  Wtnn,  124  Va^Lxhtdl  Walk, 
Lainbeth — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  mosaic  pavement,  in  terra  cotta  and  other 
vitrified  substances.  In  this  process  the  tessersD  forming 
the  pattern  are  cemented  by  vitrification  to  the  base  (title 
or  sUb),  which  cannot  be  displaced  or  disturbed  by  wear 
or  the  action  of  the  foot,  and  each  pattern  is  produced 
from  a  die,  being  struck  from  a  press  at  the  rate  of  two 
per  minute.  The  usual  process  of  forming  each  pattern 
with  separate  pieces  or  tessersD  is  thus  superseded.  This 
mosaic  may  be  manufSactured  from  any  plastic  nuiterial, 
t.  e.,  terra  cotta,  Parian  china,  porcelain  or  pottery- ware, 
brick-earth,  cements,  &c.,  or  from  glass  in  the  molten 
state,  direct  from  the  furnace. 

[The  method  of  preparing  tessene  for  mosaic  work  in 
clay  and  other  material  was  invented  by  Mr.  Prosser,  of 
Birmingham,  in  1840,  and  the  further  process  of  manu- 
fiujturing  such  tesserso  into  a  solid  mass  by  cementing 
them  together  at  the  back,  or  in  any  other  way,  may  be 
hiodified  according  to  circumstances. — D.  T.  A.] 

First  samples  of  **  Pftrian"  (vitrified),  applied  to  archi- 
tectural purposes,  &c.  by  the  exhibitor. 

Ionic  capital,  designed  by  Charles  Barry,  Esq.,  for  the 
Reform  Club  House,  Pall  Mall.  Executed  in  Psrian  by 
Messrs.  John  Rose  &  Co.,  Coalport,  Shropshire. 


28     Ii«ES,  Charles,  Bardesley  Works,  Birmingham— 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Pedestals  and  slabs,  being  specimens  of  patent  imitation 
marble  for  internal  decoration,  &c.  The  taoda  of  pro- 
duction is  new. 

The  method  employed  is  applicable  to  all  kinds  of 
marble.  Fibrous  materials  are  used  for  producing  the 
marbled  effect;  they  have  not  previously  been  employed 
for  this  purpose.  It  is  stated  that  this  material  can  be 
produced  very  cheap— in  some  instances  as  economically 
as  common  plaster. 

[The  introduction  of  a  cheap  mode  of  giving  permanent 
patterns  and  colours  to  the  more  durable  kinds  of 
plaster,  effected  in  the  objects  here  exhibited,  is  well 
worthy  of  notice.  The  fibrous  material  is  so  completely 
and  yet  so  simply  mixed  up  as  to  justify  the  claim  to 
special  notice. — D.  T.  A.] 

30     VoKiNS,  Charles,  Pitnlico  Wharf,  Wilton  Road — 

Designer. 
Chess  board  and  men,  made  from  coal  and  gypsum. 

[The  coal  use<l  for  puri)08e8  of  decoration  is  generally 
of  the  kind  called  cannel,  which  much  resembles  jet,  and 
is  highly  bituminous  but  clean.  Such  coal  is  found  both 
in  the  Newcastle  and  Lancashire  coal-fields  in  abundance, 
but  also  less  abundantly  in  others.  The  objects  made 
from  it  are  generally  very  brittle. — D.  T.  A.] 

32  Read,  W.,  28  Dorset  Street,  Poriinan  Sqmtre — 

Designer  and  Executor. 
Imitations  of  various  kinds  of  marbles  in  paint,  on 
slabs— Brocatella  marble,  black  and  gold,  rouge  royale, 
Verd  de  mere.  Sienna  marble,  verdantique,  jasper,  ber- 
dilla,  griotte,  and  a  group  of  inlaid,  various  specimens. 

33  Stew  ART,  Wiluam,  /?W<wfc//  Road,  Limehwutc— 

l*roprit»tor. 
Ancient  slab  of  Agra  nuu-ble,  inlaid  with  agat^,  corne- 
lian, and  other  stones.     From  the  (wOace  of  Akbar  Khan, 
Cabool. 


766 


Class  27.— MANUFACTURES  IN  MINERAL  SUBSTANCES, 

Arras  O.  H.  14  to  17 ;  I.  J.  16,  17. 


^UKmcD 


35  Bradley,  John,  Fore  Street,  Exeter — Designer 

nnd  Manufacturer. 
Table  painted  on  slate,    in  imitation  of  Devonshire 
marbles.  

36  Orsi  &  Armani,  6  Gnildhall  Chambers, 
Bcuinghaii  Street — Patentees  and  Manufacturers. 

Patent  metallic  lava  pavement  and  ornamental  slabs ; 
also  a  table  in  the  Moorish  style,  intende<l  for  the 
President  of  the  French  Republic.  ThU  material  is  a 
new  combination  of  known  substances  which  may  be 
worked  into  a  variety  of  colours  and  patterns.  Its 
principle  uses  are  for  floorings,  for  the  interior  and 
exterior  of  buildings,  in  imitation  of  the  most  ancient 
and  modem  marbles,  and  complicated  mosaics,  either 
polished  or  unpolished. 

Patent  modem  Venetian  stucco,  consisting  of  specimen 
of  "blanc  statuaire,"  &o.  Colimm,  table,  and  column 
of  cast  iron,  coated.  A  peculiar  feature  in  this  stucco  is 
its  applicability  to  coating  all  kinds  of  metal.  By  this 
process  the  metal  is  prevented  from  being  acted  upon  by 
atmospheric  influences. 

Stone,  with  marble-like  polish,  subject.  Virgin  with 
infant;  piece  of  cornice;  stone  pedestal.  By  this  process, 
stone  columns,  and  carving  of  every  description,  are 
made  closely  to  resemble  marble. 

37  &  38     Hall,  J.  &  T.,  Marble  Works,  Derby— 

Manufacturer;  Tennant,  J.,  Strand— Im^rter. 

Specimens  of  articles  manufactured  by  aid  of  steam 
macninery,  at  the  Derby  Marble  and  Spar  Works. 

Chimney-piece  of  black  marble,  from  the  quarries  of 
the  Duke  of  Devonshire.  Exhibited  in  connection  with  a 
stove-grate  of  Mr.  Haywood,  Derby. 

Model  of  an  Egyptian  obelisk,  in  black  marble,  the 
hieroglyphics  and  Qreek  inscription  copied  from  the  ori- 
ginal brought  from  the  Island  of  Philcs  by  Belzoni. 

Tripod,  carved  in  black  marble. 

Vases  in  black  marble,  copied  from  Greek  terra-cotta 
vases  found  near  Naples,  and  brought  to  England  by 
Lord  Western;  the  figures  and  ornaments  produced  by 
extracting  the  colouring  matter  of  the  marble,  without 
injuring  the  polish. 

Vases,  Grecian  form,  in  plain  black  marble. 

Vases,  Etruscan  form,  ornamented  with  flowers,  by 
extraction  of  the  colour  from  the  black  marble;  vases, 
Medicis  form,  ornamented  with  various  figures. 

Tazza  of  Derbyshire  rosewood  marble;  black  marble, 
with  handles;  stalactite  (Oriental  alabaster)  ;  and  va- 
riegated alabaster  (gy|)8um). 

Cups,  lotus  form,  with  fluted  stem. 

Chalice,  with  coronated  cover;  chalice,  plain  black, 
called  "  Newburgh,"  and  "  Wescomb." 

Candelabra,  ornamented  with  Thorwaldsen's  Night  and 
Morning,  scrolls,  &c.,  with  fluted  shafts  on  pedestals,  and 
with  fluor  spar  middles. 

Candlesticks,  various  patterns,  in  black  marble,  ala- 
baster and  fluor  spar. 

Vase  of  Derbyshire  alabaster  on  pedestal. 

39  WoODLET,  John,  Marble  Works,  St.  Mart/s  Church, 

Torqttay — Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Circular  marble  table  (on  pedestal),  inlaid  with  choice 
and  rare  specimens  of  marbles  and  madrepores,  of  the 
different  varieties  found  in  Devon. 

Twelve-sided  polygon  marble  on  pedestal,  similarly 
inlaid. 

Oblong  table,  the  centre  of  which  is  one  slab  of  a 
beautiful  specimen  of  red  marble,  with  a  border  inlaid  of 
madrepores  foimd  in  the  immediate  neighbourhood  of 
Tonjuay.  

40  Vallaxce,  John,  Matlock  Bath,  Derbyshire — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Grecian-formed  vase  of  fluor  spar,  or  fluate  of  lime, 
commonly  called  **  Blue  John.'*  Specimens  in  the  rough 
state. 

Black  marble  Hebo  vases,  the  marble  from  Ashford, 
Derbynbire;  tazza  vases,  known  as  the  DevonBhivo  vtusoA, 


\ 


on  plinth;  and  copy  of  the  great  obelisk,  now  stftndiug  at 
Karnok,  lliebes. 

Antique-shaped  carved  vase,  supported  by  a  tripod  of 
dolphins,  and  square-topped  vase,  escalloppod,  and 
antique  shaped,  in  black  marble. 

Slab  inkstands  with  and  without  drawers,  in  rosewoiMl 
and  black  marble.  The  same,  with  pen-tray,  inlaid  with 
specimens  of  spars,  marbles,  &c. 

Tazza  vases,  in  black  marble,  tops  inlaid.  Black  marbW 
cross,  inlaid  with  various  specimens.  Black  marble 
obelisks  and  candlesticks,  inlaid  with  various  apecimeiu. 
Model  of  a  Roman  bath,  rosewood  marble. 

The  marble  of  the  preceding  articlea  is  from  Ashfiird, 
Derbyshire. 

Various  inlaid  articles.  Bell-shaped  parple  fluor-spar 
vases,  on  black  marble  base. 

Pair  of  purple  fluor-spar  columns,  with  black  nuurbie 
pedestals;  intended  for  candles,  oamphine  or  other  lampSy 
or  branches.  Purple  fluor-spar  vaseSy  or  bowls,  of  the 
tazza  and  Grecian  shape,  all  on  blac^  maible  bases. 

Oblong  black  marble  table,  supported  on  two  sl^gantly 
formed  pillars,  on  ornamental  stands:  top  sorrounded 
by  an  antique  border  of  various  span,  msiblfls,  stalsotitaiy 
&c.,  enclosing  a  centre  of  malachite. 

Octagonal  black  marble  table,  with  gkbpooasd  piUar 
and  triangular  plinth,  of  th«  same:  top  inlaid  with  a 
wreath  of  flowers,  formed  of  various  iwa  minsrsl  sub- 
stances:  a  passion-flower  in  the  nnesth  rinmiir— li  oi  t^ 
thousand  separate  fragments  of  vsrioos  Undi  of  stone  ^ 
&c.    Similar  table  top  inlaid  in  sn  sntaquo 
si)ecimens  of  malachite,  lapis  lasuli,      ~ 
marbles,  &c. 

[The  materials  which  form  the  staple  of 
the  department  of  minenl  manufiustiiraSy  uid  fSbm 
mode  in  which  they  are  worked,  am  iIliHfcMlsd  Jb  lbs 
above  series;  and  the  most  remarlubls  of  thn^  ttl 
spar,  deserves  some  notice. 

Fluor  spar  {Flunride  of  Calcium),  is  psrtionkri|y 
dant  in  veins  in  carboniferous  limestone^  mmodtttd  wlk 
calc  spar  barjrtes,  and  the  ores  of  lead  and  tbm»  h'm 
found  in  a  crystalline  state,  transparent^  and  oAh  ii 
groups  of  cubic  crystals.  It  is  somewhat  harder  thm  ak 
spar;  its  specific  gravity  is  3*1  to  3*2;  sad  wbtm  aipoNd 
to  the  action  of  sulphuric  acid  in  the  state  of  finapowdff, 
it  gives  ofi"  fluoric  acid  vapours  which  oorroda  g^av.  Fhor 
spar  decrepitates  on  burning  charcoal,  anui  befora  theUoir- 
pipe  it  loses  its  lustre,  and  becomes  of  milk-wfaita  cokwr. 
It  is  often  phosphorescent  when  heated. 

Its  natural  colours  are  amethystine  violet,  both  psk 
and  dark;  bluish  green,  and  wine  yellow;  but  other  oo- 
lours  are  given  artificially  by  heat  and  sulphuric  acid.  It 
is  brittle,  but  works  into  ornaments  of  almost  any  kiiKi, 
and  often  of  large  size. — D.  T.  A.] 

41  Oliver  Isaac,  52  Ty-yvr  John  Street,  Fitrroff  Sqwvt 

— Designer. 
Imitations  of  Sienna,  Mona,  and  rouge  royale  maible. 

42  Hall,  William,  5  Prospect  Bow,  Walwortk— 

Designer  and  Producer. 
Writing  on  enamelled  slate  in  imitation  of  gUuw. 

43  Wright,  Jas.,  Aberdeen — Manufitusturer. 
Polished  granite  ornamental  head-stone. 

44  Buckley,  G.,  Baysirater — Producer. 
Column  and  two  slabs,  painted  in  imitation  of  Sieniw 

marble.  

45  DoLAN,  Denis,  13  Blackfriars  Street,  Salford^ 

Manufacturer. 
Scagliola  Gothic  columns,  with  arch ;  illustrating  a  new 
method  of  working,  by  which  any  shape  can  be  obtained, 
such  as  fluted  columns  or  arches.     Stone,  iron,  or  wu^^ 
co\\\TKX\A  «x«  covered  with  great  facility. 


l&GMia,  GtMBOK  ElTQIUS,  /'lIB/ico— loveutuf. 

fiwturea  id  eUto: — 

ind,  and  a  portian  of  two  Bi<l««  uf  a  batb-rootu,  in 

ed  Bl&te ;  repreaeuting  various  miublee  inlaid  after 

e  of  PloientiDa  moasic. 

if  candelabra,  to  refii^eMtit  poipbyry. 

it  billiard  talile,  with  lugs  aud  fraine  enaiDelled, 

itiag  viu-ioiu  marbles. 

Ur  table,  toji  repieseDting  block  mnrble,   inlaid 

uuujielle  and  jn«jwr. 

ilid,  representiug  (nirpbyry,  with  blaok  tuarblu, 

iMf-piecs  repreacnting  black  marble,   n-jtli  oma- 

arcbed  front  to  Btove. 

nef-piece,   inoaaic  foUnge,   fliei,   &c.,   on  gmou 

ground,  and  jiuper  band. 

id  front  to  atuve,  ruprwenting  vuriouB  Htonea ;  tlie 

■  rsprenenting  inUiil  [lorcelaiu,  with  enamelled 

ig  skta  tuble-top,  vuiouilf  marbleil.  Ink  traya. 
■pplicatiuQ  of  alata  to  produce  imitntiona  of 
by  coating  tliB  Burface  with  colour,  whiob  in 
rda  burnt  id  at  a  high  tempemture,  ia  eilonsivelj 
Led  in  the  rariouB  objecta  atiown  by  tbia  exhibitor, 
rantaga  of  the  method  are  iU  durability,  beauty. 
MpDeaa.  The  bardneu  of  alate  renders  it  well 
i  fur  many  decoretivs  purposes,  from  which  iti> 
J  ^ijMBnuice  altogether  excludea  it;  and  thus  the 
ir,  in  introducing  a  method  of  giving  to  elate 
)  bekuty  of  appearance  not  esail;  injured  or  de- 
,  has  greatly  enlarged  tbu  usea  to  whicli  tho  ma- 
in be  iqiplied:— D.  T.  A.] 

FkA^tCIB,  CttARija.  &  Sosa,  .Vine  Elma— 
Manufacturers, 
it  acreeQ  of  rarian  cement,  rrpresenttng  in  the 
lalities  various  marblen :  the  centre  panel  of  coorae 

gilded,  and  painted  in  encnustic  ou  the  tuuue 
It  the  cement  unH  set.  Connie  Pariaii  cement, 
i  on  lath,  and  pniuttil  the  same  da)',  Ui  ahow  tbe 
'  and  necurtty  with  which  chambers  mnj  be  com' 

Varioiu  other  s|iecimenfl, 
iia  cement,  a  concretv  bhick,  weighiii)»  two  tonn, 
with  three  bushvU  of  cement,  the  n»t  shingle; 

jn  of  a  lul way-cutting,  the  baiikn  line<l  with   a 

ling  nuiKH  of  cement  concrete,  fcnir  ineheK  thick, 

i;  the  hind  epringi  or  rniii  wuter  tii  the  drains  at 

ithuut  iojun-  to  tlic  iMiika. 

nent  water-filter,  apjilicalilc  tu  extvuslve  purpu«ea 

Ltiou  in  water-works,  ftc. 

ID  cenient,  like  many  othen  in  coinmnn  um,  is 

f  calcineil  |iyieuro,  cuntiuniug  a  little  lime  and 

iiu  earth,  aft4:rwards   mixed  with  a  cert^iin  pro' 

of  alum.  Thfl  gyiwum  ia  finrt  de|irived  of  itii 
>f  ciyatallizntion  liy  Iiuntiug.  and  in  then  thrown 
lutt  uf  water  uiturated  with  nlum.  At  the  end  uf 
n  it  Li  taken  Out,  and  after  buini-  driu  1  in  the 
gain  burnt,  the  heat  lieiuf;  carriml  to  h  dull  red. 
9D  ground,  and  lastly,  iuatend  uf  being  uiixeit  with 
leforti  setting,  it  is  niaile  u]i  with  a  solution  uf 

It  dries  slowly,  autl,  if  mixed  with  sand,  ia  of 
-D.  T.  A.] 


lOKHBILL,  JaSIIX.  T    iriiurntl' 


:,  High  S-: 


amall  tables,  with  tops  inlai'I  with  plate  rIiuo, 
itioa  iif  about  I  no  kiwis  of  uiarbln;  supporlwl  by 
urai  with  fniits  niul  flnwers,  rciirewntmK  Sgirinf; 
ttunn.  finixhol  in  bnmA-:  the  whole {laintuil  with- 

■id  of  bruiihua  uf  any  ileacriptiuu. 


[27.) 


4ll  LiPSCOUDE,  J.,  &  Co.,  Vi  Regent  Sirtct — 

Uauufacturers. 
Two  drawing-room  fouDtains,  in  glass  and  marble. 

50  and  34      Plowb,  Wiixiam,  F.m  B.ilg.^.  )'«■*- 

Deaignsr  and  Sculptor. 

Statuary  marble  tuile,  tessellated  iu  the  centre  with 
petrified  wood  (found  iu  Yorkshire),  cut  transversely ; 
granulated  and  inlaid  with  branches  of  oak  with  acorru, 
surrounded  by  elthe  of  petrified  wood,  cut  longitudinidly, 
tad  with  granulated  flowers  and  small  branches.  The 
pedestal  is  of  Yorkshire  marble,  )^rt  by  a  wreath  of 
flowers,  in  statuary  marble  upon  a  Santo  Porto  ground. 
The  fossil  wood  is  exceedingly  hard. 

Block  marble  table,  with  nuisonic  symbols,  found  in 
the  crypt  of  York  Hinater. 

Smalt  figure  of  David,  carved  in  stone. 

51  DuppA,  — ,  Producer. 

An  outline  drawn  on  tiles,  and  afterwards  burnt  in  in 

52  Bhown,  IfoUEBT,  :j8  (Ireat  BhixII  Slrett,  JUvomthiiri/ 

—Designer  snd  Sculptor. 

Sepulchral  monument  of  the  deuoiMJve  period,  exe- 
cuted in  Caen  stone. 

[Tbe  Caen  stone  ja  admirably  adapted  for  internal  work, 
from  its  uniform  texture,  rich  colour,  and  comparative 
Escility  of  working.  It  has  been  much  used  in  many 
English  cathedrals  and  other  ecclcaiostical  buildings,  and 
also  in  the  interior  of  the  new  Housea  of  Parliament. — 
D.  T.  A-]  

53  Lane  &  Lewis,  Clifhn,  near  SHitol — Dedgnen 

and  Eiecutora. 
Statue  of  St.  Peter,  in  canopied  niche  of  Caen  stone. 
On  the  pedestal  are  angels  holding  a  scroll;  on  shafts, 
supported  by  their  emblems,  tbe  four  Evangelists,  &c. 

54  Bajlee,  Robert  Chas.,  .la  A'-'fs  II,t,  S,<ithamplon 

—  LJeaigtier  and  Modeller. 

Original  model  fit  s  cemetery  meiuoriol,  with  nymbiilic 

represeutntions  uf  Kaith,  Hope,  and  Charity,  in  canopied 

niches,   and   the   carvinga   of  the   decorative   period   of 

architecture. 

55  Stl-aut,  W.  (Mem.  Inst.  C.  E.,  Superintendent  of 

H.  M.  Breakwater),  /7y..»'«(A— Producer. 
Polisheil  marble  slab  on  two  pedestals,  comjiuaed  of 
liiuuatone  from  tbe  breakwater  i[uarriea,  Pljinouth. 

51)        Hoov,  0.,  Corf.idnwj,  Sirrcy— Designer. 
Octagon  table,  made  of  several  kinds  of  marble. 

57     Beu,,  J.,  as  BicHndham  /V.iir,  Fitiro'j  Sywire— 
Ueaiguer  and  Uouuhcturur. 
A  pair  of  obeliaks  in  polished  oolite. 

,58    HuBAS,  M.,-tl  /I..W.«.  .''five/,  ZI^Wm-Hanufacturer. 

<'nugli'menite  marble  table-top.  Table-top  of  red  anil 
white  IriKh  marble,  fruui  L'hurchtoH'u,  county  Vurk, 

59  Itujiu-y,  — ,  K'oex  streel,  Kif/i  Cnu— 

Maniifiwturer. 
Two  nnudl  tiililo  nnuuiiuuts.  cut  iu  uiarble. 

r  fl.iM— Producer. 


A  oheaa  table  of  rn 

ill    Rowi^NDS,  Isaac,  Ll-mlpi-ti.  sf.'r  /(.injnr, 
Unnufactiircr, 
Giant  inkstand,  aciilpturwl  fr.im  a  bl<«k  ..f  al 
Aken  out  otthe  Pcuthyn  quarry,  ncau'  Bangor. 


lOtnviAh  iLLt: 


-MANUFACTURES  IN  MINERAL  SUBSTANCES, 
Abbab  G,  H.  14  TO  17 ;  I.  J,  IG,  17, 


65  Peabson,  WnojjiS!  Potts,  Iliurogate,  Forluhirt — 
Producer  and  UeBignBr. 
Octagonal  Btalikctite  talile,  composed  principally  of  spe- 
cimeoa  from  the  I>ri>[iping  Well,  Knaresborough,  aod 
from  various  portions  uf  the  magnesiaji  limestone  in  the 
□eighlKiurhood  of  Knareeborougli  and  Hairogatfl, 


66         PoBTEB,  W,  H.,  3  Peinhroke  Road,  Dablm—- 
Proprietore  (in  trust). 
Specimens   of  ware,    manufactured    by   Murrfty    and 
Cowpar,  of  Glasgow,  from  Irish  clays.     Ornamental  spe- 
cumene  of  Irish  marble,   from  Clifden,   comity  Qalway, 
woilted  by  A.  HOlonald,  a  self-taught  artist. 


67 


QsiFFTTHS  &  SntONO,  Kiatnui,  near  WhUhj/ — 
Mauubcturers. 
Cement  stoDe.    Manubcturod  cement  stone. 
Model  of  an  sgricultural  cottnge. 
Cement  tiles  ^r  being  houses. 


68      Allen,  C.  Bboce,  12  Loicer  PoreAeater  Street, 
Hade  Park — Designer. 
Model  of  a  labourer's  cottage,  with  improTementa  in 
cniutruction  to  lessen  exi>en«e,  adapted  for  Bgricultural 
diBtrlcta.     Tbe  walls  are  of  pise,  or  compressed  grayol, 
lows,     door 
.  .       "       *  "f 

hollow  brick.  The  roof  is  formed  of  tile,  with  an  im- 
proved mode  of  fixing,  and  the  angles  where  the  roof 
touches  the  brickwork  are  covered  and  mode  water-tight 
by  a  new  form  of  tile  or  angle  fillet ;  this  angle  fillet 
would  be  found  to  be  a  great  improvement  on  the  ordi- 
nary means  of  forming  the  angles  of  mortar.  The  wood- 
work throughout  is  tough  from  the  saw,  and  where  in  sight 
is  stained,  no  point  being  used.  The  timbers  of  the 
ceilings  are  rough  and  stained,  and  without  plaster;  the 
floore  of  the  lower  story  paved  with  tiles;  the  upper 
floon  of  wood,  rough;  the  ekirtings  of  wooden  fillets 
fixed  to  the  floor;  tbe  plaster  of  walls  runrnng  through. 
The  stairs  are  formed  of  wooden  boarere,  and  the  stair 
treads  of  earthenware  stabs,  Tba  window  frames  and 
sashea  are  of  iron.  Tbe  interior  surface  of  wall  is  of 
plaster,  impressed  with  a  pattern,  and  coloured  at  the 
same  time;  thus  dispensiog  with  pajier,  and  produdng  a 
more  pleasing  effect;  the  improved  plaster  shows  tight 
and  shade  as  well  as  colour.  The  fire-places  are  formed 
of  encaustic  bricks.  The  whole  is  proposed  with  iin- 
provements  in  warming  and  ventilation. 


69  NiooL  &,  Allan,  Thomas  ft  Jans,  57  Upper 

MarylehoM  iilreet — DesignerH  A  Painters. 

Spedmens  painted  on  alate,  in  imitation  of  marblea, 

for  the  decoration  of  halls,  staircases,  pillars,  fto.   Design 

for  a  circular  table  top,  painted  in  imitatiou  of  inlaid 

marbles.  

70  I.imnniT,  ALEXANDER  C,  Cong  Abbet/,  Ireland — 

Proprietor. 

Dark  green  Connemora  marble  tables  and  serpentine 
tables  from  Ballynahinch quarry,  county  Onlway;  stand- 
ing on  large  massive  pedestals  of  black  Qalway  marble. 

[Ireland  is  exceedingly  rich  in  some  varieties  of  marble 
and  ornamental  stone;  and  of  these  the  black  marbles  of 
Kilkenny  and  Oolway,  and  the  grecu  kinds  from  Conno- 
mara,  are  well  known  and  much  exported.  The  quarries 
from  which  these  are  obtuiucl  are  considered  capable  of 
obnost  indefinite  eiteoaioa. — D.  T.  A.] 

71  Rotal  Dubun  SociETT — Producer. 

Bust  pedestals  of  white  statuary  and  green  Connemora 
marble,  from  quarries  in  Donegal. 

72  MoNTEiOLE,  Lord,  M-tjint  Trmchard,  Coanty 

Limerick,  Ireland — Proprietor. 
Speciioea  of  statuary  marble,  fromDunlavey  Quarries, 
county  Donegal:  statue  of  tiie  late  Henry  Qr^Aui,  VUP. 


[This  specimen  of  marble  ia  more  like  that  naad  by  Um 
ancients,  and  obtained  from  tha  lale  of  Pana,  in  Omniiii, 
than  any  that  is  now  known.  It  is  muMkable  for  its 
tint,  but  chiefly  for  the  p 
D.  T.  A.] 

73 


Franklin,  P.  L.,  Galttay,  Irelimd—FTtiprMoT. 
Bust  pedestal  of  block  marble  from  Lou^  Conib,  dm 


74    MltoNAU)  &  Leslie,  ^ 
Oranite  vases,  pedestals,  and  a  alab  for  table  tc^ 


75        Peahcf,  William,  Tnro — Honu&otnrar. 
Table  of  steatite,  from  the  Liurd  dirtrict,  ComvalL 

Candelabra  of  steatites  and  terpentines,  ofTarioua  ooloura. 
Columns  of  serpentine,  from  same  district. 

Pedestals  of  granite,  from  Lamonia  Cove,  near  the 
Land's    End;    from   Constaotiiie,    Cornwall ;    and   from 


Luiulian,  Cornwall;  of  black  and  yellow  granite,  fron 
Lauliverf,  Cornwall;  and  of  steatite,  &om  the  Liwd, 
Cornwall.   A  group  of  these  ortidea  is  repwaentcd  in  tb* 

following  engraving. 


KnroDox.] 


FOR  BUILDING  OR  DECORATIONS. 
Arkas  G.  H.  14  to  17 ;  I.  J.  10,  17. 


769 


Chimney -piece  of  granite,  for  a  hall,  from  Lamoma 
Cove,  near  the  Land's  End.  Side  or  hall  table,  of  granite, 
from  the  same  locality. 

Timepiece  stand  oi  steatite,  and  tasza  and  stand,  of 
steatite  and  serpentine,  from  the  Lizard  district,  Corn- 
wall. 

Vases  of  serpentine,  from  the  Lizard  district.  Table 
of  porphyry,  from  Withiel,  Cornwall.  Vases  of  steatites 
and  serpentines,  from  the  Lizard  district,  of  various 
forms. 

[The  steatites  of  the  Lizard  occur  in  veins  in  the 
serpentine,  and  are  often  intermui^led  with  fragments 
of  the  containing  rock,  producing  a  material  of  great 
beauty,  well  adapted  for  the  manufacture  of  small  orna- 
mental objects.  This  steatite,  according  to  Klaproth, 
connsts  of  silica  45,  magnesia  24*75,  alumina  9'25,  iron  1, 
potash  '75,  water  18;  containing  a  larger  proportion  both 
of  alumina  and  water  than  in  other  localities.  Steatite 
is  much  softor  than  serpentine,  contains  a  larger  pro- 
portion of  iiUcay  and  is  not  attacked  by  muriatic  acid. — 
D.  T.  A.] 

75       OLBfnMU>  &  Co.,  Aahford — ^Manufacturers. 

Column  of  black  maible,  fr^m  the  Arrock  Hill  quarry, 
Ashford.  Colunm  of  laminated  rosewood  marble,  from 
Nettle-Dale,  near  Ashford.  Column  of  russet  grey 
marble,  from  Hi^-Low,  near  Sheldon.  Colunm  of  light 
entrodial  macble,  from  RicUow-Dale,  near  Monyash. 


77         WooDBiiFP,  T.,  DaketteU — ^ManulMsturer. 

Inlaid  marble  tables;  designed  by  L.  Gnmer,  Esq., 
and  executed  by  the  exhibitor  for  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert. 

Black  marble  chess-table,  inlaid  border,  with  pedeAtal. 
Black  marble  carved  vase.  Blue  John  spar  vase,  after 
the  antique. 

[The  Blue  John  used  for  various  ornamental  purposes, 
is  a  cr3rHtalIine  fluor  spar,  abounding  in  the  galena  veins, 
which  traverse  the  carboniferous  limeBtouo  of  Derby8hire 
and  Cheshire.  It  occiu*8  native,  of  a  rich  blue,  green, 
and  yellow  coloiu*,  but  La  frequently  tinted  artificially  to 
produce  varieties  of  effect.  It  ia  a  brittle  mineral,  rather 
harder  than  carbonate  of  lime,  phoKphoresccnt  on  ex- 
posure to  heat,  and  of  moderate  specific  gravity  (3 '  1  to 
3 '  2).  It  gives  off  fluoric  acid  when  exposed  in  powder 
to  tiie  action  of  sulphuric  acid. — D.  T.  A.] 


78      RKDnsBW,  George,  Ashfoi-d,  near  Bakevdl — 

Manufactiu<er. 
MlfUe  mosaic  table,  4  feet  in  diameter,  chiefly  com- 
poiad  of  the  productions   of  Derbyshire,    from   a  new 
dHUn.    Black  marble  vase,  copied  from  the  antique. 


79        ToMLiNSON,  John,  jUhpjnl — Manufactiuvr. 

diloQg  mosaic  tables  of  DcrbvRhire  and  Staffonlshire 
mUm,  mounted  on  black  marble  frame  an<l  pillars. 

Cirealar  mosaic  table,  star  centre,  with  Derbyrihiro  red 
■■■Ua,  black  marble,  and  specimen  bonier,  on  carved 
Fbotbill  foot  triangular  plinth,  on  Hcrolls. 

Ootegon  black  marble  table,   inlaid  with   binls  and 
•orap-bands,  mounted  on  octagon  pedestal,  tray- 
ptintht  with  scrolls. 

Derbyshire  black  marble  table,   inlaid  with 
of  flowers  and  birds,  mounted  on  black  marble 
,  trav-post  plinth,  with  scrolU. 
Inlaid  black  marble  chesH-table,  mosaic  bonier,  mounted 

Fonthill  foot,  triangiilar  plinth,  on  sorollH. 
Black  marble  table,  inlaid  wreath  of  flowers,  on  carvc<1 
Fonthill  foot,  &c. 

Specimens  of  mosaic  work,  portrait  of  H.  M.  the  Quci>n, 
partly  composed  of  foreign  marbles. 


80  Bright,  Seum,  Buxton,  Derbyshire — Manufacturer. 

Black  marble  vases,  exhibited  for  size,  colour,  polish, 
and  finish.  The  handles  are  carved  out  of  the  solid 
marble;  the  material  is  from  the  Duke  of  Devonshire's 
Derbyshire  quarries. 

Large  tripod  vase  or  stand,  exhibited  for  size,  colour, 
and  form. 

Mosaic  octagon  table  or  dish,  of  Derbyshire  work- 
manship, inlaid  with  wreath  of  flowers,  butterflies,  &c., 
on  a  tripod  pedestal.  The  table  turns  roimd  on  a  pivot 
from  the  foot. 

"Devonshire"  vase  of  Derbyshire  black  marble,  handles 
out  of  the  solid  block. 

"Portland"  vase  of  Derbyshire  black  marble,  the 
subject  etched  with  fluoric  acid.     Black  marble  chalices. 

"Blue  John,"  or  amethystine  fluor  spar  chalice,  being 
a  specimen  of  the  stone,  from  Castleton,  Derbyshire. 

Dish  of  black  marble,  unpolished,  showing  the  state  of 
the  work  prior  to  the  inlaid  coloured  stones  being  put  in. 


81  LoMAS,  John,  Bakevc^U — ^Manufacturer. 

Pedestals  of  Deri>yshire  marbles,  intended  for  busts. 
Chimney-piece  of  Derbyshire  black  and  Sienna  marblei*, 
inlaid  with  design  in  mosaic.  Chimney-piece  of  the 
Derbyshire  rosewood  marble,  parts  of  which  are  sculp- 
tured. 

[The  Derbyshire  marbles  are  entirely  derived  from  the 
carboniferous  limestone,  and  owe  their  varieties  of  colour 
and  condition  to  various  admixtures  of  carbon  and 
metallic  oxides.  They  are  occasionally  fossiliferous,  being 
composed  of  corals,  encrinital  stems,  or  shells;  some- 
times oolitic;  sometimes  partly  or  entirely  cr}'8talline; 
and  sometimes  veined.  They  are  for  the  most  part  well 
adapted  for  ornamental  woriLS.  The  black  marble  is 
abundant,  excellent,  and  much  used. — D.  T.  A.] 


82    Turner,  James,  Buxton,  Derbyshire — Manufacturer. 
Two  jugs,  each  50  inches  high,  made  of  black  marble, 
found  at  Ashford,  Derbyshire. 


83       Bird,  Edward,  Matlock  Bath,  Derbyshire — 
Manufacturer  and  Engraver. 

Models  in  black  marble  of  the  obelisk  at  Heliopolis, 
and  of  the  PliUoD  obelisk,  the  one  having  the  hieroglyph i<  a 
car\'ed  out,  and  the  other  the  ground  etched  out  witli 
nitric  acid. 

Black  marble  slab,  i^ith  "  The  Scanty  Meal,"  cut  out 
with  steel  points. 

Black  marble  card  plates,  with  etched  ground,  Bome 
partly  etched  and  partly  cut,  others  wholly  cut  i^ith  steel 
tools. 

85        Organ,  J.,  Penzance,  Oirmcall — Manufacturer. 

Riptinmal  font,  chimney-piece,  chess -table,  columns, 
oWIlsks,  vases,  canned  and  plain;  cabinet  of  specimens, 
&c.,  of  serpentine  stone  from  Lizard,  Penzance. 

[Serpentine—  a  silicate  of  magnesia,  coloured  by  iron, 
manganese,  copper,  and  chromium — occurs  in  variou-i 
places  in  Europe,  and  has  been  long  worked  and  much 
a<lmired  as  an  ornamental  stone.  The  finer  kinds, 
known  as  ophite,  vorde,  antique,  &c.,  occur  chiefly  in 
Italy,  and  are  very  hard  and  of  somewhat  different  ap- 
{learance  from  those  of  the  Lizard  Point,  Cornwall, 
whence  are  obtiune<l  those  here  exhibited.  The  Cornish 
ser|K.>ntincs  are  extremely  vanod  in  colour,  exhibiting 
veins  of  red  traversing  an  olive  green  ground,  and  ar«» 
comparatively  soft  and  easy  to  work.  They  are  obtaiuetl 
in  blocks  of  large  size,  and  are  capable  of  being  brought 
into  use  as  marble,  and  at  prices  not  much  more  consi- 
derable. A  very  largo  block  is  exhibited  outside  tl.u 
west  end  of  the  Building,  in  the  south  inclosure. 
Large  quantitica  are  now  quarried  at  the  Lizanl  Point. 

3  L  2 


Clam  27.— MANUFACTURES  IN  MINERAL  SUBSTANCES, 
Aheas  G.  H.  14  to  17 ;  I.  .1.  Ifi,  17. 


Tlie  serpentine  occuni  in  veins,  which  also  conliun  cop- 
jKjr,  and  veiua  tif  steatite  frei|ueutly  jieuetrote  the  Mr- 
liButino  luM*.— D.  T,  A.] 

The  aoneiad  cuts  ropreBL'iit  Home  of  tlieae  objacts. 


IT       The  Karl  of  Lutblacb,  Eial  Honultg  Park, 

U<}.lcij,  Surrey — Producer. 
UniaiaiiDtnl  bricks  and  tiles,  deaigned  u>d  nmmfac- 

urml  at  Uckhtua,  is  Surrey. 


INTOH,  H.,  St  Ci>.,  Stahc-MIXM-Tnat,  Slafford-I-ire 

— tlnnufouturer. 
>,  tt-mi  cntta,  iiud  viMts,  &0.,  iu  imitatiou  nf  Mnjo- 
rg,     Eucaiwtic  nnil  other  tile*,     Purcal.iin  bath, 
n  oniiuuonlal  brick,     Fiifiin,  in  pnTmUia. 


as      BlsaERkCo.,  r,miha!l PulK-ry—JlMHTiluBbmn. 

SpL-cioien  of  ]iatent  nionaic  paveniMit  for  cburcbn, 
liatln,  &K.,  miuiiifactured  of  tughly  TitrifiwI  culouicd 
clik^K,  iuipen-ious  to  muiBture,  nnd  Tsry  dunlila.  BttOM 
unro  ttill  aud  hoail,  of  an  improved  nukterul,  gUasd 
infill.',  H'itli  worm  or  condenier.  Add  tvcavar,  of 
iiii|.i.>\udtuHtenal.  Tan,  for  boiling  adds,  of  an  iiaptvrad 
litiilitil  muturial.  Dusign  iu  coloun  of  a  portion  of  a 
|iat>-iit  nioBoic  pavenieut  iatelf  executed:,  ahooilig  Un 
ii]terEt>ctiou  of  four  conidore. 

[Jlr.  Singer's  patent,  obtained  in  1839,  had  referaoc* 
to  H  ui^vr  mode  of  fanning  tesaei^  by  cutting,  out  of  thin 
lajera  of  day,  piacea  of  the  required  form,  which  an 
uflci-ivardB  dried  and  baked  in  the  usual  ny.  The  pateal 
iil»i>  included  a  new  method  of  muting  the  tcaacns  with 
ccnit-ut.  This  inventioQ  is  considered  tfl  have  been  a 
\-nMt  Htep  towai'dxthe  revival  of  tile  Roman  art  of  making 
tussollated  pavement*.— U.  T.  A.] 

89  lIiTFOBD,  Fhancib,  T.,  Si 

I'ntentee  with  J.  fiKCH,  6  Pickitnl  Strn-t, 
Bath,  adult  size,  in  one  piece,  made  with  fire-clay  plated 

with   i>an.'ulain,  and  glaud;    wasli-tub;  steam  or  dollT- 

tnb;  nmorted  bricks,  adapted  tu  form  waterproof  walla, 

&<.-.     Broken  piece  from  a  bath,  perfonted  to  ahow  ttw 

combination. 
The  plating  of  porcelain  materials  on  the  fireclay,  hj 

patent  procosH,  rcudurs  its  surface  capable  of  glanug, 

\iauvting,  or  gilding. 


FOR  BUILDING  OB  DECORATIONS. 
AbeabG.  H.  14  to  17;  I.  J.  Ifi,  17. 


90    Rawav,  QtotaMH£rreL,Deramt  Jf<nig/i,  Keircaitln 
— Producer.     Ageut,  A.  Umffr,  65  Murk  Lime. 
Carved  ipeciiiieiis  of  cannal  coal,  including  s  wiae 


Sculptured  bftptutnnl  fuiit,  in  Cwn  stone.  Deeigned 
by  T.  K.  MaiT;«tta,  aud  Buulpturad  by  H.  Eylee.  Tbin 
font  is  reprcBeuted  in  the  jumoied  engmviLg. 


by  r.  Bury.  1->.|. 

Ootliic  piniuiclp.cicoutiMlfiiraiicir  chapel,  Tultonliiun. 
l>aiiKned  hy  F.  Vugat,  Kmi. 

MfliUI  <>r  tho  Yvburough  tvittiiiiKiiial.     P.  Ilult,  tJiq. 


l),"i  DotiLTo-N- &  Wat 


l'K-//r  r-ji 


Mnuiifovl 

'ndcuxiuK  unmi,  CH{>abl( 

Inuinivntal  Cotli 
Feet  B-iirmiT,  cnn 
■tifilit  wrevr  Bt..p| 

inuoctod  together  by  nir-tii^i^ 


— Inveatorn  and 


Arii 


lUpti'd  M  n  water  filter, 
ler,  and  browt  H-arrner.  with 
lie  itiinie  material,  iiLHt«iarl  of 


KHleUlillfiru 


03  Fsnacaoa,  Miixrh.  ft  Co,.  llt'Mitld,  tumr  C/iuyoir—    I  the  j 

llaniiniotnren.'.  I       Ja™,  with  civom  of  the  sanic  n 

Copy  of  Warwick  vano.  iti  firucUy.  with  |io.lc«UI.     Ki-  I  ""lY""'  •'"'^'^■'■■*-     In'out^il  "" 

hibitiuD  va»e.   in  firv  clay,  with  podesbd.     OniiinientBl  '  i>»hibit.irn.  .....         , 

Bower  T.«r.   with   i-nleetal.  _   H|«cimem.  of  '  '         '  '—'  ~"    -"■  -'■'""  '"'■   ' 

chimney  can^,  in  fire  clay.     Varii^ty  uf  muall  m 
clay.    SiMscimens  of  glazud  Htunewaro  pii>o9. 

[The  fire-clay*  commonly  u««l  iu  the  inannfactni-e  .if  '  j,,.         n^, ,__  j  _  j^  (.„ 
■uch  kinilH  c.f  polUiry-Karu  a-  are  imeil  fur  c.nl«ido  iinui-  |       SiHiciiin:ns  iif  vtt*i.-ii  i 

mental  work,  are  nearly  pure  hydrouii  HiliLatai  of  aliiiniun,  I  

the  beet  kiniL.  (>i«.l  f.irlin.T  w.rk)  eoiiL-UiiinH  two  atoiiiK  |  j^ssoM  &  I'Ai 

alumina  to  three  ntonia  silica,  .ind  tliciiuappr.KU;liiiiK  more     '  j^  ^.,jj,„ 

or  IcM  nearly  to  mii-h  prop'irtione,   but  containing 

eioftM  of  ailica.  a  little  oxiilo  of  iron,  titiiii.  inngm'nin,  i 

occWRonally  cnrbon.      They  are  abiimlantly  found  iiii< 

lying  coal  (eama,    in  diatrictH  where  wml  in  workwl 

D.  T.  A.] 


/    \Yl...r/.   !,.>« 


94 


BOWRN,  J.,  Uri.Uj>mUr—Vy<«\ucitt. 


I  and  Mr 
inder  the  patent  p 


Two  figure*  in  artificial  si 


Ktuae*  of  nianiifBCtUTv  ,.  ...- ^ 

Spct'inienh  i.f  i«tant  «l..nc  in  it.  vnrioiie  applimtion.. 

[The  artificial  rtiiiK-.  referred  to  ahovo,  dilfrni  from 
cement"  and  otlior  artificial  Kt<ino,  in  tho  em|iloyni<-nt  of 
xilicA  both  iiH  tiu:  )»iw  ami  coiiibiiiing  material.  It  may 
Iw  n:);anli-'l  m  a  cidlection  of  inrUelen  intimately  cnin- 


a  Nymph,  luid  Fidelity.    liiiioi\  «ilh   niWoAa   ut  viAb,  Xj-j  m\M«i  "ivs-j 


772 


CLA8S  27.— MANUFACTURES  IN  MINERAL  SUBSTANCES, 

Areas  G.  H.  14  to  17 ;  I.  J.  16, 17. 


[U: 


together  as  by  a  kind  of  glaaa.  The  materials,  confliating 
of  sand,  clay,  fragments  of  granite,  marble,  &c.,  with 
a  little  pounded  flint,  are  moulded  into  form  by  the  aid 
of  a  solution  of  silicate  of  soda,  and  are  then  burnt  in  a 
kiln  at  a  red  heat.  The  water  is  thus  driven  off,  and  an 
insoluble  silicate  produced,  so  that  the  whole  becomes  a 
bard  compact  mass.  This  stone  is  much  used  in  yarious 
ways,  both  in  a  compact,  porous,  and  ornamental  state. 
— D.  T.  A.]  

98  Spbot,  Mabk  &  Thomas,  Gamkirk  Works,  near 

Olasgow — Manufacturers. 
Jets  d'eau,  vases  and  pedestals,   chimney-cans,   salt- 
glassed  water-pipes,  and  fire-bricks,  manufactured  from 
fire  clay  or  terra-cotta. 

[Terra-cotta  is  a  species  of  earthen,  or  rather  stone  ware, 
composed  of  potters'  clay,  fine  sand,  and  pulverized  pot- 
sherds; these  materials  are  thoroughly  incorporated,  and 
either  modelled  or  cast  (in  the  state  of  a  thin  paste)  in 
porous  plaster  moulds,  which  absorb  the  water  with 
which  the  materials  are  mixed.  After  air-drying,  the  ob« 
jects  are  baked  in  proper  kilns  at  a  very  high  temperature. 
The  term  terra-cotta  means  literally  baked  clay,  and  is 
applied  to  a  large  class  of  antique  works  of  art  modelled 
in  clay,  including  those  which  have  been  merely  dried  in 
the  sun.  The  art  of  producing  ornamental  works  in  clay 
was  lost  imtil  Wedgwood,  to  whom  the  fictile  art  is  so 
greatly  indebted,  rediscovered  methods  by  which  the 
finest  works  could  be  produced;  and  by  emf)loying  Flax- 
man,  and  other  great  artists,  has  left  behind  him  speci- 
mens of  art,  which  are  eagerly  sought  after  in  the  present 
day.— W.  D.  L.  R.] 

Specimens  of  fire-clay,  in  lump  and  groimd.  Model  of 
a  flint-glnsshouse  furnace. 

The  ornamental  vases,  pedestals,  and  fountains  are 
adapted  for  gardens,  pleasure-grounds,  &o.  The  salt- 
glazed  water-pipes  are  mtended  as  a  substitute  for  iron 
pipes,  for  conveying  water,  &c. 

{See  OtUside,  No.  69.) 

99  Grangemouth  Coal  Company,  Orangemouth, 

Scotland — Manufacturers. 

One  fountain  sea-horse  and  boy.  Two  large  vases  and 
pedestals,  newly  designed,  by  Mr,  Womell.  Two  small 
vases  and  pedestals,  manu&ctured  from  fine  fire-clay. 

Windgiiard  chimney  cans.  Salt-glazed  pipes  of  various 
diameters;  piece  of  pipe  broken  to  show  the  texture. 
Fire-bricks  of  different  sizes.  Fire-clay,  in  the  raw  state, 
as  taken  from  the  pit;  fire-clay,  ground;  fire-clay,  burned, 
but  not  manufactured.  These  articles  are  manufactured 
by  the  exhibitors  from  fire-clay  taken  from  the  pit,  and 
used  without  any  admixture  of  foreign  matter. 

Pi()e8,  and  double  junction  pipes.  Fire-bricks,  pressed 
and  not  pressed.  Kiln  plates.  Bends  and  collars. 
Cliimney  can  plinths.  Chunney  can.  Windguard  can. 
Small  vases;  pedestals  for  the  same.  Stands  for  lotus 
and  plain  vases.  Vent  lining.    Zetland  vase  and  pedestal. 

{See  Outside,  No,  68.) 

100  ToMPSON,  Lewis,  Chirch  Terrace^  Wi^ch— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Moulded  architectural  bricks. 

Kquiluteral  triangular  quarterfoil  brick  window  ;  12 
inch  s([uare  curved  panel  brick. 

Label  knees  and  stretchers  for  Gothic  windoMrs  in 
brick.  

101  Laurie,  William,  Do'mhnm  Market,  Norfolk — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Models  of  monuments  denominated  *'  Chrifltian  Me- 
morials," and  of  a  tomb  of  the  early  part  of  the  fourteenth 
ceutury. 

1 02  Febxley  Iron  Works— Pro<lucer. 
Sundry  ai'ticles  in  teii'a-cotta. 


103    Rorins,  Aspbin,  &  Cox,  North/kti,  trnd  Grwai 
Scotland  Yard,  Whitehall— Manube^anr. 

Illustrations  in  Portland  cement^  to  show  the 
of  this  material  for  making  landings,  dlli^  pcvini^  &c. 
Model  of  Mazeppa  in  the  same  oemeni. 


104    Bowers,  CHAixiNORANDWooLUGKyn;  BrotasMlh, 
TtmstaU,  Stafortbkire—Uaskutsicimmm, 

Various  architectural  decoratioDs  manuiSMttued  in  pot- 
tery and  imitative  of  other  materials,  vis. :  Oak  carved 
eoniice.  Rosewood,  Qothic.  EUnbethan  pattern,  lilac 
Wash  boards,  oak.  Centre,  oak  or  mahogany.  Orna- 
mental bricks.  Arabesque  work.  Comioe  shaded  two 
pinks.  Qrape  comioe,  marone  fruit,  green  leaves  and  &wn 
stalks  and  gold.  Qrtupe,  light  oak.  Grape,  bronMd. 
Pair  of  KTOups,  natural  tinted  grape  and  gold.  Pkur,  white 
and  gold  gnqies.  Pair,  jn^een  grapes,  marone  leaves,  and 
fiiwn  stalk  and  gold.  Window  oomioe.  Qrape  comioe^ 
dark  oak  stain.    Arch  brick. 


105       Jones,  William,  Sprinr^eld  TUe  Works, 
Nvwoastie-under-Lyme — ^IfanafiM^urer. 

Model  roof  material,  of  plain  and  ornamental  tiles,  and 
ridges  of  blue,  red,  and  dnb  (self  colours),  supported  by 
corner-blocks  of  the  same  material,  with  dreased  building 
bricks.  Specimens  of  the  above  in  full  siae,  with  varieties 
of  plain  and  ornamental  ridges.  Spouting  of  the  same 
material. 

Paving,  foot-bath,  stable,  barn-floor,  floe,  and  malt- 
kiln  bricks. 

Paving  quarries — a  centre-piece  for  house-floor,  hall, 
or  passage,  formed  of  several  radii;  red,  or  red  andbladL, 
fitted  up  to  a  square;  the  same,  blue  and  buff. 

Round,  octagon,  hexagon,  diunond,  and  square  paving- 
quarries  tiles,  chimney-pipe,  terra-metallic  plain  and 
socket-pipes  for  water-courses  and  sewerage,  &c. 


106         Bkswick,  R.,  <Sla/or<f— Manufacturer. 
Bricks  of  new  construction. 


107      Hickman,  Richard,  &  Co.,  Stourbridge — 

ManufEicturers. 
G^  retort,  made  of  Stoiurbridge  fire-clay. 


108     PuLHAM,  James,  Waltham  Cross,  Brojcbowrme— 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Ornamental  Gothic  building  lumps  in  tenra-cotta  and 
cement.  Embossed  ridge  in  terra-cotta.  Cement  and 
terra  cotta  ornaments. 

Model  of  a  mullion  window,  executed  in  «^«»mwit  of  a 
natiual  stone  colour. 

Air-tight  casement,  closing  against  India-rubber. 


109      Hunt,  Charles — Inventor  and  ManufiMturer. 

Slate  enamelled  filter. 


110  Ramsat,  Qeorge  Heppel,  Dentent  Hau^,  Ntvaatle 

— Inventor. 
Fire-clay  goods,  plain  and  ornamental,  gas  retorts. 


Ill      Luff,  James,  Tuddenham,  Ipswich — Manufiwturer. 

Ornamental  chimney  shafts  for  Elizabethan  houses, 
half  size.     Ornamental  red  bricks  for  the  same,  full  ase. 

Red  and  white,  plain  and  ornamental  bricka,  burnt  and 
unbumt. 

Ornamental  ridge  tiles,  with  cockscombs.  Red  and 
white  paving  tiles,  for  halls,  chiuches,  &c.  Malt-kiln 
tiles,  with  clay  in  rough  state,  as  taken  from  pit. 


112     CowEN  &  Co.,  BUiifdon  Bum,  NevcastU-Mptm-Tpie 

— Manufactiu^rs. 
Patent  fire-clay  gas  retorts.     Fire-bricks  required  in 
setting  the  same.      Rough  fire-clay,  as  obtained  from  the 


nunc. 


[Us*  ntorta  of  Stourbridge  clay  are  now  coining  into 
Tcrj  gcmaral  uw;  the;  geno^te  a  larger  quantity  of  gas, 
and  of  ■  purer  quality  they  have  the  advantage  over  iron 
retorta  of  greatsr  economy,  and  more  uniform  retention 
of  bMt.  Th»  aTenga  duration  of  an  iron  retort  is 
twelve  montlu,  an  earthen  retort  will  laat  at 
double  that  dme.— S.  C] 


113 


»  bottles  and  improved  glated  Btone 


I J4    HuHMH,  J.  C,  29  Bloomttnirg  Square — Inventor. 
la  of  rhomboidal  brickB. 


115 


I,  Adduos,  Xewcattlt-undtr-Lynt — 
Manufactiirer. 
Ornamental  vaae  and  pedntal.     Two  gaa  retorts  i 
etaj.     OmamentBl  stand  for  fernar;,   in  fine  clay,  de- 
ogiMd  by  T.  0.  Small. 


116     WoMXMAM,  JoBH,  Stnm/unf  ^n— Inventor. 

Vatsr-proof  bricks,  for  building  dwelling-houses, 

tories,  taoki,  hatha,  reservoiis,  Ic.,  withsamplea  of  other 


Grooved  ridge  tile — the  groove  admits  of  the  vertical 
ocnamenta  being  made  aeparately. 

Onumenlal  plain  tiles,  used  on  buildings  in  Cbe  Qotblc 
style  of  aicbit«etiire. 

Curved  Italian  tiles.  In  various  sizea. 


118  FoHDHAX,  JoHM  Qeoroe,  &  SoN,  Roystun,  Ife, 

Maniifnctursis. 
Improved  bricki,  from  clay  found  upon  the  estate  of 
the  tiliibitors. 

119  HiBPEa  &  HooRE,  Slwirbrid-jt — Miuiufncturcrs. 
Glsss-huusa  pots,   for  melting  piste  and  flint  glass. 

Cu-tem,  f.n  piste  glaw. 

Crucibles  of  various  sizes,   nisdo  of  Stourbridge  fire. 

Stonibridge  fire-bricks;  snd  Stourbridge  fireclay  re- 
torts ;  and  upecimens  of  Stourbridj^  Bre-clny. 

IWiof  arilatenfjflws-lK.umpot,  which  lias  stood  the 
host  of  ■  melting  furnace  upwards  of  five  tiionthu. 

IIbco  of  a  potsherd,  pro<tiicf'ii  from  StoiirbridijB  fire- 
clav,  made  into  a  castiiur  cintom,  which  lins  bUiihI  the 
test  of  fifty -mi  casts. 

I^rt  of  a  cniwn  glass-liouse  melting  pot,  which  hns 
bmn  submitted  to  the  ijimt  of  a  funiacu  upwards  of 
twenty -ail  weeka. 

120  Stiruno,  TliOMAS,  sen.,  /lor  liruLu;  Sl.ilt  Wuris. 

and  Manufai:tiircr. 
Patent  rapid  sscensiim  fdlcr,  cspnble  of  being  con- 
■tmctnt  as  self-sunilj-iiii.',  wbrti  |in>|)crly  sttacliiil  to 
drtnrui  and  to  the  boili-tn  of  kik'hun -ranges.  Patent 
Royal  Albert  filter  and  wiiw  coolir,  ko  conBtruete.1  that 
the  water  ii  cooleil  to  ajiy  re<|iiirwi  ilcgreo  an  it  pasaes 
through  the  filter,  with  the  s«iiio  ice  Hint  is  used  for 
cooling  the  wine,  I'stent  rapid  .l.nnwtic  filterK  f..r  fniiii- 
lies,  emignuits,  tc;  and  water  tilti-r,  nrlapted  for  ship- 
ping. Fi-onoinic  slate  pig-fiMlinB  Iniugh.  (■onstructoii  no 
a*  to  keep  each  animal's  fi)")!  di-itinct.  ii\nUi  tmiiKh  fur 
iiicklint  most,  which,  by  it"  OHduuw  and  imi>vmiun1<ility, 
keeps  the  brine  sweet  for  s  Iniig  pcriml. 


^     m 


Id  the  above  cuts  figs.  1  and  3  represent  the  [>atent 
filter  and  wine  cooler  externally  and  in  section ;  H  is  the 
cover;  B,  the  reservoir  for  water  to  be  purified;  P,  for 
purified  water;  C,  D,  and  E,  are  the  beds  of  filtering 
meterial  through  which  the  water  percolates.  Fig.  3 
represents  a  filter  to  which  the  supply  pips  A  is  connected. 
Tba  water  first  enters  the  receptacle  B,  passes  upward 
through  C,  D,  E,  and  enters  F  in  a  purified  state,  whence 
it  is  drawn  by  the  tap  O. 

Enamelled  slate  chimney-piece,  capable  of  being  made 
of  any  size  or  pattern.  Chess  table  tops,  of  the  same 
material,  in  imitation  of  inlud  marbles,  and  ornamented. 
Slate  inkstands  ornamented  and  enamelled ;  slate  paste- 
table  and  rolling-pin,  recommended  for  coolness,  sweet- 
ness, and  cleanliness;  slate  oiilk-iian,  cooler  than  metal, 
oarthenwaro,  or  glass.     Samples  of  patent  Btosm  fuel. 

[The  filters  above  mentioned  are  constructed  on  an 
original  plan,  and  are  simple,  durtible,  clean,  and  cheap. 
Attempts  have  been  made  in  Scotland  to  filter  the  supply 
lit  water  for  towUH  on  the  some  principle,  and  they  have 
been  attended  with  great  succeiu.  As  an  instance,  may 
be  mentioned  the  town  of  Qreenock,  which  is  supplied 
with  the  Shnffs  Water,  brought  in  an  open  canal  from  a 
distance  of  six  miles,  and  filtered  in  two  grand  filtering 
resenuira,  capable  of  holding  8U,'.!00  galloua  each.  This 
water  at  the  same  time  drives  two  lines  of  mills,  in 
number22,  pussessingagreaterquantity  of  powerthsn  all 
the  st«am-engines  in  Qlasgow.  owing  to  the  extraordinary 
position  of  the  locality,  which  ia  bVl  feet  above  the  level 
of  the  Clyde,  and  within  a  mile  of  the  shore. 

These  filters  being,  fmni  tlie  nature  of  the  material, 
&ee  from  decay  of  corrosion,  accomplish  the  purification 
of  water  in  an  oSuctuol  manner.  Wore  the  Metropolis 
fumished  with  s  supply  of  water  from  any  quarter 
sufficient  for  all  demands,  it  could  be  filtered  on  the 
principle  exhibited  in  the  above  filters,  with  very  little 
lesscipense  and  trouble.  For  this  purpose  a  vaxt  ivBeri-.iir, 
selected  at  any  rensunabte  distance  fmrn  town,  and  cajAble 
of  containing  a  supply  mloipiate  t<i  the  daily  Hronts  of  the 
litiicns,  n-ithout  the  risk  uf  deficiency  during  any  |K»rt 
3f  the  year,  might  he  fumixhed  with  the  lucsns  nf  purify- 
ing the  water  on  the  principle  of  thene  filters  ;  and  Ihenco 
lirought  to  the  metropolis  on  the  principle  of  gravitation, 
10  as  to  yield  a  conatant  siipply  of  this  fluid  in  a  state  of 
the  greatest  attninnble  jnirity. — It.  W.] 

121     Skiskeh  &  WnALLET,  .W^Won-flB.  ren.— Inventors. 

Vitreous,  white,  and  coloured  marble  patent  pastes,  for 

mosaics,  street  dc^gnations,  house  numliers.  gnvpyard 


Clabb  27.— manufacturer  IN  MIIIEBAL  SUBSTANCES, 
Areas  0.  H.  14  to  17 ;  I.  J.  16, 17. 


memoriola,  botaDical  descriptioQi,  garden  mimbera  and 
borders,  omomantal  brictB  and  hIbLk  for  roouu,  fronts  of 
buildings,  hatha,  washing  housea,  Sic. 

The  compound  ia  vitreous,  and  ia  miula  of  diSerent 
degrooe  of  density,  according  to  the  piu-poBo  of  its  appli- 
cation; in  its  lowest  state  of  vitrification  it  is  impervious 
to  water,  and  iinafTectod  by  exposure  to  weather. 

The  letters  and  raised  ornaments  on  the  elabe  being 
formed  of  tbe  same  substance,  and  at  the  same  time, 
cannot  be  peeled  off.  The  colours  are  equally  dm^blo, 
being  vitrified  with  the  compound. 


122  Kbkt,  Altbed,  CAicAn/w— Inventor  and 
Manufacturer. 
Model,  showing  a  new  syetem  of  glozii^  pp-eeiihouses, 
conservatories,  &c.  Invented  by  tbo  exhibitor,  and  |>ro- 
visionally  registered.  The  chief  points  of  novelty  are, — 
1.  Tbftt  by  the  peculiar  construction  of  the  lights,  and 
the  selection  made  in  the  materials  to  be  ujied,  putty  and 
all  other  ndheiuve  composts  are  entirely  avoided.  2.  That 
tbe  glass  can  be  put  in  or  removeil  with  such  facility, 
that  the  bars  and  frame  can  be  painted,  the  glass  cleaned, 
and  the  whole  effectually  repaired  at 
upon  the  old  syatem.  '6,  That  it  will 
frequent  repairs  aa  ordinary  greenhousi 
event  of  a  fracture,  it  will  not  be  absolutely  necessary  to 
wait  for  the  assistance  of  a  glazier  torepair  the  saine;  the 
simplicity  of  the  contrivance  enabling  any  one  to  become 
hie  own  gla^er.     5.  That  leakage,  a  univonal  complaint 


the  glass,  being  moveable,  peiBona  ci 

upon  the  property  of  otbere,  and  maovt  the  •• 

at  the  expiration  of  lease  or  rental  teniu. 

123  Peaks,  Thomas,  Tileria,  T<nulait,  Blaford,  amdat 
i  Whiirf,  City  Boad  £asin— Hanubetnrv. 

Various  specimens  of  terra-metallie,  |dain  and  ann 
mental  roof  tiles;  garden,  diun,  oven,  coping;  Ubl  tad 
flue  tiles. 

Specimens  of  common  and  paving  brieka  Ibr  varims 
puri>OBes.    Clinker  and  channel  bricu.    Paving  (ilea. 

Terra-metallic  drain  or  conduit  ppaa  of  variooaslMfai 
and  dimensiona.    Chimney,  flne,  and  top  pinw 

Building  4  feet  by  3  feet,  with  glass  ail  rannd.  Is 
exhibit,  in  miniature,  roofing,  hip,  and  tidging;  and  tht 
application  of  paring  tiles. 

Building  of  the  same  siie,  with  different  kinds  of  tiles. 

Imitation  of  the  "  Warwick  "  vase,  in  terra -matallic 

Vase  with  embossed  ornament,  in  tena'metaUio. 


4.  That  ill 


12-4     SoctETT  for   iMPBoviNO  the  ComotMir  of  tha 

LiADoURiNQ  Ci-AHSEs — Woop,  JoHH,  SacTetarj— 

Pmlucer. 

His  Royal  Highness  Prince  Albert's  model  faooaes  fiv 

four  families,  erected  at  the  Hyde  Park  Barracks,  oppcale 

the  Exhibition  Building.     See  annexed  engraving. 


A  section  of  a  modal  structure.  This  moilel  is  in-  I  pound,  are  obtained,  as  well  as  economy  of  conatructini 
teniled  to  illustrate  one  of  the  most  important  branches  \  to  the  extent,  as  compared  with  the  cost  of  eonusna 
of  the  Society's  operations,  that  of  the  improvement  of  '  brickwork,  of  at  least  S."!  per  cent. 

the  dwellings  of  the  labouring  classes,  and  to  show  tho         The   iougitudinal   bunded  wall    bricks,    invented  and 
peculiar   constructive    arrangements   and   building   eon-     patented  by  Mr.  Roberts,  tho  Society's  honorary  arthit*et, 

*"  "^ — "•'• '"  ■ "  "'  "-■-  — •■"'  ' "■-  -'--antaee  of  a  perfect  bond  nmning  longitD- 

1  tho  centre  nf  the  wall  ;  all  hcadets  and 

,.         ,        ,  -  . j--_l8  pnasiiiR  through  it  arcavoided ;  intemalaa 

noy-Kljiclts,  parUtions,  floors,  and  rooft,  whoroby  dryness.  ;  well  as  external  strength  is  obtained,  and  every  larilitv 
vmrmth,  dutvbility,  security  ftom  Are,  and  deadoning  of  ^  given  for  the  fixing  of  floor  pInUis  anil  other  timben: 


le  of  their  model 


IS  adopted  by  the  Society  in  _.      .__ ^, 

bouses,  particularly  that  of  hollow  brickwork,  glazed  and  I  dinally  through  tho  < 
unglazed,  adajiCed  for  eitenial  and  intenial  walls,  chiiu-  '  vertical  Joints  passiuf 


fX)R  BUILDING  OR  DECORATIONS. 
Abbas  O.  H.  U  to  17 ;  I.  J.  16. 17. 


whilri.  by  tlM  parallel  longitudinal  caTitien  unple  leciirity 
for  drrnov  U  kffonled,  and  great  ficility  prcaentod  for 
TentUa^oii,  w  well  u  for  the  coave^ce  of  artificial 


The  umeied  section  sKoith  a  wall  lune  iociiea  thick  ; 
the  lune  principle,  with  some  variatioD  in  the  form  of 
the  iotenud  brickii,  will  <q>plj  to  any  thickneea  of  wall. 


The  pvcoliar  splayed  foiiD  of  these  bricbi  adapte  them 
for  nee  ■«  cornices  u>d  mouldings,  of  which  illustrative 
examples  are  given  in  the  model  structure. 

The  bricks  of  irhioh  Uie  walls  snd  arches  are  con- 
■tmcted  vera  chiefly  nude  by  Clayton's  patent  brick 

The  ■traw.colonrad  bricks  were  made  at  Aylesford, 
near  Maidstone;  the  red  bricks  at  Builey,  near  Eaher; 
the  grer  glaied  briclu  were  made  by  Mr.  Seagar,  of  clay 
tma  tbe  north  of  Devon :  and  the  white  glazed  bricka 
were    made    by  Hr.   Ridgeway,    at   the    Staffordshire 

The  tile  Soon  in  tbe  centre  and  right-hand  oompart- 
menta  are  from  Hr.  Peak,  Tunstall,  Staflbrdahire,  or 
llaecleafield  Street  South,  City  Road  Basin ;  those  in  the 
left,  from  Measn.  H.  and  R.  Harwood.  Burslem,  Stafford- 
shire, and  No.  15  South  Wbarf,  Paddington, 

The  fountain  hand-baain,  with  renervoir  beneath  it, 
and  a  icla<*d  earthenware  sink,  are  from  Hr.  Ridgeway, 
of  the  Staffordshire  potterien,  who  alwi  eihibita,  in  tbe 
Bune  compartmeut,  BpeciraeiiB  of  hollow  tiloa,  suitable 
fur  floors  aud  for  thin  partitions,  or  wall  1tQinfi;a. 

The  model  of  a  group  of  four  tile-kilna  is  exhibited  by 
Mr.  Ridgeway,  aa  showing  a  compact  and  eoouomioJ 
arrvicement  of  an  important  requisite  iu  tbe  manufacture 
of  hollow  bricks,  tilea,  &c. 

Tbe  priae  cottage  ranpe  and  feoder,  set  in  the  centre 
compartmsnt.  and  the  bedrooni  gral«,  with  tire-brick 
lack  and  cast-iron  chimney-piece,  in  the  left-hsnd  con 
IMjtment,  are  both  from  Mr.  W.  Nicholwn,  of  Nowark. 
Various  roocimons  of  ironmongery  nuitable  for  eotlsKii 
iociuding  the  window-light  of  zinc,  with  iron  frame  anit 
stay  fastening;  also  vanuus  descriptions  of  ventilatnn, 
adapted  for  use  with  common  aa  well  aa  with  hollow 
brickwork. 

Model  houses  for  48  families,  built  by  the  Society,  in 
Strestham  Street,  Bloomsbiiry. 

Coloured  views,  with  plans  of  the  variona  model  houaea 
erected  by  the  Society  in  London. 

[The  Society,  since  it  was  reconatructed  in  IS^,  under 
its  present  designation,  has  embraced  a  much  more 
eitenaive  field  of  operation  than  that  of  the  Labourer's 
Friend  Society — a  considerable  portion  of  its  eneipca 
being  directed  to  the  important  object  of  the  improve- 
ment of  the  dwellings  of  the  Inboiiring  classes,  in  which 
ilifficult  department  it  was  the  fint  Society  to  exhibit 
pisctical  examples,  aud  to  conmiencc  a  eeries  of  model 
building*  adapted  to  the  various  circumstances  of  those 


Pour  piles  of  new  buildings  have  been  erected  by  the 
Society,  vis  :— 

1st.  Tlie  model  biiildingn,  Itagnigge  WclU,  which  will 
loilge  ^1  families  and  3i>  ageil  feniali'i>. 

2nd.  Tbe  lodging  house  in  George  Stmjt,  St.  OiWs. 
for  I'M  single  men. 


3rd.  The  model  homes  in  Streatham  Street,  Blooms- 
bury,  for  48  families. 
4th.  The  Thanksgivingmodel  buildings,  Portpooll^ne, 
ray's  loa  Lane,  erected  in  commemoration  of  the 
moval  of  the  cholera.  1849,  for  20  fiimilies  and  138 
[igle  women,  together  with  a  spacious  public  wishhouse, 
and  a  depository  for  huckstei's'  goods. 

On  tbe  above  buildings,  including  the  Govt  of  land, 
upwards  of  30,000/.  has  been  expended.  The  Society  has 
also  eetabliahed,  in  Charles  Street,  Drury  Lane,  a  reno- 
rated  lodging  house  for  82  single  men,  and  in  Hatton 
Garden,  a  lodging  bouse  for  57  single  women,  on  which 
about  2,000F.  baa  been  expended. 

The  result  of  these  experiments,  which  shows  a  suffi- 
ciently remunerative  return  on  the  outlay  of  coital,  has 
been  submitted  to  the  public,  with  a  view  to  stimulate 
and  guide  in  the  general  adoption  of  sound  and  practical 
t  for  effecting  a  reformation,  the  importance  and 
neceauty  of  which  are  generally  admitted. 

Tbe  amount  contributed  by  the  public  towards  the 

ist  of  Uteae  several  model  houses,  has  in  no  oaas  much 

exceeded  one-half  the  outlay.     The  clear  revenue  from 

it,  af1«r  the  gradual  payment  of  the  sum  borrowed  for 

>  completion  of    the   bulldinga,   will   be   devoted    to 

carrying  on  the  general  objects  of  the  Society,  as  defined 

by  the  Charter  of  Incorporation. 

The  building  operations  of  the  Society,  have  tram  the 
novelty  and  experimental  character,  been  attended  with 
more  than  ordinary  difBcultiee.  In  thus  breaking  up 
new  ground  and  acting  aa  pioneera,  tbe  Committee  insteul 
of  confining  themselves  to  the  comparatively  easy  task  of 
teaching  by  precept,  haa  laboured  to  illustrate  and 
recommend  their  plans  for  improving  the  dwellings  of 
the  people  by  actual  example*,  which  can  be  easily  under- 
stood and  imitated.] 


126    Queen,  S.,  &  Co.,  Lapn-ial  P</tleri.t,  Lambeth— 
llanufaciurere. 
Chemical  pottery  wares.    Complete  apparatus  for  dis- 
tillation and  condensation.     Hanufacturwl  in  terra-cotta 
chemical  stoneware  to  stand  great  heat,  and  lined  with 
acid-proof  glaze. 

Condenning  taper  cylinilrical  tubes,  to  show  the  mcana 
of  connection  by  luting.  Condensing  tubee,  spherically 
ground  connection,  requiring  no  luting.  The  cut  (p.  776) 
represents  the  vast  size  of  tlic  chemical  pottery  wares. 

Spheriodly  stoppered  air-tight  jar,  for  extracts,  Ac,  in 
aalt-glaicd  stone  ware.  Set  of  Woolf's  apparatus  com- 
plete, with  patent  air-tight  connexions.  Teet-tubes, 
syphons,  retorts,  crucibles,  &C. 

Vessel  of  the  capacity  of  400  gallons,  manufactured  in 
vitreous  aalt-glaze<t  stone  earthenware,  with  patent  sphe- 
rically stoppered  air-tight  lid,  and  anti -corrosive  cock. 

Condenser  or  refrigerator,  for  distillation  or  cooling. 

Another  condenser,  uith  the  tubes  so  arranged  aa  to  be 
capable  of  being  cleansed. 

Spirit  bottles  cased  in  wicker. 

{See  Oultide,  Xorth  Side.) 

2C       Key,  Kdward  Stirgrk,  Ilnh,  Derehm,  Xcrf„H— 

ttTiite  brick  tJolhic  window  frame,  with  small  mullion 
iricks.  Kdl  brick,  light  ginn-d  girt,  window  frame  with 
■ ,  on  a  new  principle.    I'rovisiDiially 


776      Class  27.— MANUFACTURES  FROM  MINERAL  SUBSTANCES,  FOR  BUILDING,  3cc. 
Arbab  G.  H.  1*  TO  17 ;  I.  J.  16, 17. 


fr  m      nam   y      T  b 

BOck  ctu  and      mt 

L  howa     unct    a»     j^ih  n    rapa  gh  gnd        Chai 

HqiULre,  and  arch  bn  kf<    niid  Low       pate         te         trap 

griilx,  &c,     Oruaiueutal  chimney  ahafU. 

Plain  nud  ornamental  coTering,  Hp,  valley,  ridga,  and 
floor  tiles,  in  great  variety  of  patlflros.  Building,  wall, 
coping,  and  utable  brickg.  Malt  kiln  tiles,  Hkirting,  and 
gunlon  edging.  Ornamental  pavements;  atable  maugera; 
and  flre-pruof  flue  lininga, 

128      AsHWoaE,  Jubn,  Cvpford,  ntitr  Colchester — 
Hanufacturer. 

Qi>tliic  cliimneyH  of  red  and  white  bricks.  Specimens 
of  white  bricka  and  unmanufectured  clay. 


130   Sealt,  Jobs,  Bnit/anier,  SinierscisAire— Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 

Palisiit  double  and  treble  cluumelled  roofing  tilea. 

Patent  aingle  channelled  flat,  or  Konian  roofing  tiles. 

Ri<lge  and  hip  rooSng  tilea.  Valley  roofing  tilee.  Corn 
and  lualt  kiln  tilea.  Bakers' oven  tileaandbricka.  IWiug 
or  fl<Kiring  tilue. 

Bridgewator  acouring  liricka,  commouly   imiUikI    Bath 

UhuMjani,  contoiuing  the  waters  of  the  UJver  Pairet; 
the  scouring,  or  Bath  bricka,  ore  formed  from  the  lUijiosit 
oftheiu  waters.     Bridgennler  clays  and  aliine. 

l:tl    Brannan.  Thomas,  Ilnnul,ij,U,  Pm.n— Inventor. 
Oven,  geoenOly  luml  in  Devonshire  for  baking  broad 

Sv]iliim-trBp,  an  improveil  invention  for  waterH^Ioaeta. 
<iutluc  cnsiae,  upon  an  improved  plan. 
Klirthenwaro  JugH,  pitchor.  nud  inilk-i>an,  nil  iiimic  of 
Dovunshirc  clay. 


[This  ay  le  raised  n  the  pans! 
Bamstap  De  n  n  he  property  of  Sbpbon  Crocker, 
Eaq  Th  ce  brated  Dev  nshire  otted  creaoi  is  pro- 
A    ed  by  scalduig  mi  k  □   b    nulk  pan  hat«  sxhiUtod.] 


132 


Jepsom,  W.,  KJertaor,  DtriyMre — Producar. 
Uue  John  vase,  of  extraordinary  dimeuiraa. 


140  H.  R.  H.  Pbihcb  Albebt.— ExhiUtor. 

A  block  of  parrot  coal  from  West  Wemysa  CoIKarf, 
EiAiildv,  Elfesbire,  partly  polished ;  and  pardeo  tmL, 
designed  by  L.  Oruner,  Esq.,  and  eieoutad  m  PUiBahii^ 

by  Thomaa  Williuna  Waun,  of  parrot  or  oanoel  omJ,  &«M 
the  estate  of  Itear-Admiral  WemyM. 


141 


Exert,  John,  Xorth  Street, 
Producw. 

Model  of  a  Qothic  door  in  plaster. 


142     Cabahic  Patent,  20  Maryliioiti  SIreH,  S 
Sfrfrt— Producer. 

Decorations  in  varioua  devices. 


143  Steakks,  Thomas  ft  Sons,  1B8  Ihnry  time,  md 
Derirmt  Mill,  AtAv— PateDteea  and  MannfilCittmn. 
Martin's  cement  for  intomal  walls,  plain  and  ooloimd. 
Decorations,  A,c.,  designed  by  J.  T.  KnowUa. 

144  White,  J.  B.  ft  Sonb,  U  Earl  Slr^,  Blaafiim*~ 

Hanufacturers, 
Wall  decorations   in  plaster  and  cement  in  mtoiif 
devices;  aW  a  chimney-piece  in  Keeno's  comant. 

(rie fvHri)rcaxlinii.irc placed oitUeSoiM  WaU.) 


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Cuss  28.       1 

Se 

MANDFACTURES   FROM   ANIMAL   AND   VEGETABLE   SUBSTANCES, 
NOT   BEING   WOVEN   OR   FELTED. 


INTRODUCTION. 


Thb  limJti  of  this  Clas*  appear  to  confino  the  Dumber  of  Exhibitors  io  it  to  B  inuller  number  tbui  in  several 
other  CImw.  Hknv  object*  which  aro  included  under  the  genenil  term  Manufactures  from  Vegetabla  and 
Aoinial  Bubatauoes  have  been  already  diBi«»ed  of  and  arranRed  under  otlier  dujiftrtmeuta.  ITuit  which  is 
ooorideied  ifwdally  to  diatinguiBh  those  widch  npiiear  in  this  Class  is  the  fact  of  tlitir  not  being  either  wutcu 
w  felted  1111016*.  Considering,  however,  the  great  variety  of  articles  which  fall  naturftUy  under  this  distinc- 
tion, tt  BMy  appear  singular  that  the  Class  is  a  small  one  numerically.  But  it  is  not  to  be  forgotten  that  the 
DUDnfactunr  and  vender,  the  latter  appearing  in  tlio  c»|iadty  of  proprietor  of  these  articles,  has  only  a  limited 
demaad  for  them,  and  not  unfrequently  combines  the  manufacture  or  the  sale  of  several  in  one  eetabllsL- 
meat.  To  this,  however,  the  exceptions  of  caoutchouc  and  gutta  perchs  manufactures  require  to  be  made. 
MaDT  of  these  articles,  also,  are  not  to  bo  regarded  as  first  requisites  in  the  social  economy — they  are  not  of 
^Molnte  nqoirement,  nor  consequently  of  univenal  demand. 

TheCIai*  it  thus  subdivided : — The  Sul><;iasB — A.  Includes  Manufactures  from  Caoutchouc,  as,  1.  Impcr^ 
meable  boots,  life-preservers,  hydroetatic  beds,  air  and  water  cushions,  bags,  &C.,  and  prepared  watcF-proof 
and  air-proof  textures  of  every  description  ;  2.  Elastic  articles,  as  carriage-springs,  bulTers,  bottles,  bands, 
washers,  valves,  webbing,  stoppera,  ftc. ;  and,  3.  Articles  in  caoutchouc,  moulded,  embossed,  coloured,  and 

K'ntcd,  such  as  maps,  bottles,  cocks  and  tajw,  plugs,  &c ;  1).  C»ni|>relieiula  the  Manufactures  from  UutiA 
rcha  for  water-proofing  purjBiBeB  and  agriaillurnl  uses — for  maritime  iiurjioses,  as  trumpets,  life-buoj's,  4c., — 
for  decorative  uses,  ne  picture- frames,  mouldings,  Ac, — for  surgical  and  pliiluii»|jlLical  ubcb  generally,  and  for 
•lotnestic  and  miscellaneous  uses;  C.  Includes  Manufactures  from  ivory,  tortoiseslull,  shells,  lone,  hair, 
bristles,  aud  vegetable  iviirj- ;  U.  Gcneml  Manufactures  from  wood,  not  beinj;  fumituru,  as  turner)-,  car^-iug, 
coopers'  work,  Uisket-work,  *c. ;  K.  Blanufactures  from  straw,  grass,  and  other  similar  materials ;  E,  Mis- 
cellaneous Manufactures  from  animal  and  vc-^etable  substances. 

Tlie  articles  Ulungiu);  to  this  Class  aro  placeil  in  the  Kurth  Gallery,  near  the  Transept.  They  are  there 
arranjieii  In  casi's.  and  othern-isc,  and  present  a  convenient  opportunity  of  studying  the  variety  of  pur}>oses  to 
which  these  articlen  have  l-ct-n  made  subsen-ient. 

Tlie  remarkable  sulatjinces,  caoutchouc  and  gutta  pcrcha,  which  form  so  prominent  a  feature  in  this  Class, 
are  reprrsent^il  by  a  coiiaidemble  numlier  of  Kxbilritors,  reganl  bi'lng  bail  to  the  recency  of  the  commercial 
introduction  of  these  vegetable  products,  llio  history  of  caoutchouc  dates  consideraiily  further  liock  than 
that  of  gutto  pereha ;  but  its  application  to  Ihc  purposes  of  life  is  still  fresh.  Bin!  daily  extending.  It  bas 
become  an  article  ofsireat  commercial  importance.  Tim  quantity  annually  received  Ky  this  country  fmm 
abroad  was,  twc-nty  viiirs  ago,  onlv  almut  ."iO.iWO  pounds.  In  tenveara  from  that  time  the  imports  reached 
the  annual  avcn^;.-  of  between  700,000  and  800.000  jioimds,  and  they  are  now  considerably  more  than  this. 
From  a  sincle  |i»rt  in  South  America,  nearly  4,000  cwts,  are  amnmlly  cx|ior1i-<!  to  England.  The  conimen-ial 
supplies  of  this  valuable  substance  an>  ileri'vi>.l  principally  fmm  Sijilumin  rfiulica,  Ficia  rlariioi,  and  I'miJa 
thitliai,  Tlie  two  latter  appear  to  be  the  prineijial  sources  of  the  caoutchouc  received  from  the  Indian  Arclii- 
pelaso,  Tlic  fonm'r,  Si/Awiia  cluKlioi,  yii'lils  the  major  part  of  the  vast  supply  received  by  ua  from  South 
America.  This  tn-c  extends  over  a  vast  district  in  Central  America,  and  the  caoutchouc,  obtaini-d  by  incision 
of  its  milk-bearing  Imrk,  in  considered  to  i>e  the  U-st  adapted  for  manufacturing  (.urpiises.  The  cnoutcliouc  of 
the  East  is  rapidly  riditiir  into  imp(.'rt.ince,  and  it  being  known  llint  over  thousands  of  square  miles  in  Assam 
this  tree  is  abumiant,  doubtless  the  inqwrts  will  greatly  increase  as  the  sources  of  su|)ply  are  more  fully 
dvrelop»l. 

Hie  discovery  of  tlie  property  called  vulcaui7Ation,  of  which  cnmilchniic  is  ca|iable,  when  properly  trentoil 
by  mcnnsof  sulphur — a  fact  due  to  the  exjierimeiils  of  Sir.  Tlirqiias  Hancock — lias  rendcreil  it  more  than  doubly 
valualile  for  every  puqiosc  lo  wliicli  tliis  Ridistniice  is  applicable.  Its  stn'ngth  and  elasticity  are  iinrtiisti!  lo 
a  ili^rrec  almost  incrtdible  bv  this  process ;  and  the  objections  of  lianlening  in  the  cold,  and  of  too  rra-iv 
aulution  in  unctuous  suUtaiiccs,  are  thus  wholly  mnoveil.  A  variety  of  illustrations  of  caoutchouc  in  ils 
natural,  and  in  its  manufactureil  and  convcrtei]  states,  are  exhiUted  in  tills  Class.  Among  other  applications 
of  vulcanised  caoutchouc,  one  which  will  attract  much  interest  is  the  disroverv  of  what  are  called  "  cumu- 
lalora."  Those  consist  of  a  niimlicr  of  Iniids  of  this  material,  which  are  one  bv'one  lijihtene.!  until  the  com- 
bined power  of  the  whole  sprite  acts  upon  the  de«iire<l  point,  and.  exercising  their  accumulatc<l  force,  the  power 
is  acquired  which  may  be  applied  lo  any  desired  end.  A  child  may  thus  lift  a  ton  in  weight.  The  same 
l"'«er  has  been  applied  lo  projectile  purposes. 


778  Class  28.— MANUFACTURES  FROM  ANIMAL  [UsiTm 

NoBTH  Oai.lbst. 

Gutta  percha  is  yet  new  to  commerce  and  tho  manufacturer ;  but  the  enormous  extcusion  ofttBapplicntian  to 
various  purposes  of  use  anil  ornament  appears  to  promise  a  still  t!rcat«r  decree  of  commemal  pre~cmineuce  to  it 
than  to  the  former  siibslAncc.  A  sulisequcnt  note  makes  allusion  to  its  introduction  into  this  coontn*,  {mdablr 
even  at  ai>eriod  anterior  (o  that  of  caoutchouc.  ItHrecentdiBCovery  by  Dr.  D'Almetila  and  Dr.  W.Montfsimerw 
is,  however,  a  more  readily  attested  fact  in  its  history.  A  few  years  since  only  a  small  piece  of  ^tt>  percha, 
wciRhinR  a  few  ounces,  was  posacascd  by  one  individual  in  this  country.  At  presrot,  extensive  factoriea  eiint, 
in  which  hundreds  of  artisans,  and  powerful  en^nes  and  machiijery,  are  almost  incessantly  emplored  and  ni 
work,  aupplyiu);  the  dfdly  increasing  demand  for  articles  made  of  it ;  those  exhibited  by  different  peraonj 
will  convey  a  good  idea  of  the  variety  of  purposes  to  which  this  material  nilapts  itself,  and  ha  wmcli  it 
exhibits  properties  so  con*cnient  as  to  render  it  a  vast  boon  to  art,  to  domestic  CMnfort,  and  even  to  phyncal 
philosophy. 

AmoDf;  the  miscellaneous  materials  employed,  vegetahlc  ivory  is  risinp;  into  importance.  This  rahstaiice, 
yielded  hy  a  palm,  Phytdepha*  maeroairpa,  was,  until  recently,  only  a  botanical  curiosity.  Its  sulwtitutiea 
for  ivory  is  constantly  proceeding ;  but,  from  the  small  size  of  the  fruit,  it  can  never  come  into  conipetitinii 
with  it  for  articles  of  a  large  size,  where  continuity  of  structure  is  essential,  Yarious  articles  made  from  it 
are  eihihited,  with  specimens  of  the  material  itself. 

The  other  objects  comprehended  by  the  Class,  and  adequately  represented  In  the  Exhibition,  scaroelr  a}q«v 
to  require  special  notice  in  this  place.  Having  reference  to  specific  purposes,  ond  thcMe  chiefly  of  duly  snd 
domestic  use,  they  will  receive  the  attention  they  claim  on  inspection  in  the  Bnildiug. — B.  E. 


1        HamHOS,  8,,  Limerick,  /irfiinrf— Hwmfiacturer. 

Brushes,  for  shoes,  horses,  stovEB,  grat«s,  fto.,  made  < 
various  kinds  of  inatflrial. 


JoHES,  D*vn>,  Hay,   Wain — DoMgner  and 
Manufacturer, 
ilah  rustic  picture  frame,  made  with  the  natural  e: 
of  the  apple-troe. 


8  Walus,  Samuel,  ffali/^v,  Torlahire — Deaignerand 

Ornamental  carvinga  in  mahogany  for  a  udsboard  ; 
de«gn,  the  vino  and  fig-tree. 

9  ScALINO,  W.,  37  George  Street,  EiUahiayjh — 

Manufacturer. 
Willow  flower-pot  stand,  aerriug  the  laiae  purpose  as 
if  made  of  iron  of  wire ;  it  is  lighter  and  more  frroceful  in 
appearance,  and  exhibits  a  now  combination  of  iron  and 
willow,  by  which  the  latter  can  be  mails  available  for 
many  useful  and  ornamental  purposes. 


Circular  alms-basin,  same  material,  &c.,  wilJi  morabk 
trefoil  cover.  Octagonal  alms-basin,  with  circular  opcnii| 
in  ttie  moveable  cover.  Another  with  battlamontB  at  tin 
edge,  with  a  fixed  cover  of  traoery,  and  a  loded  opniaf 
lit  the  back  for  removing  the  amount  coIlect«d. 

Improved  sactamentai  bread-cutter;  wlijch  rati  tki 
bread  three  parts  through;  the  slicawil]  break  fartoU 
cubical  pieces. 

1 2      Ra>set,  James,  Berwidt-at-  TVmJ — Inventor  sad 
Manu&cturer. 

Beehive,  with  moveable  bottom  and  acrew,  wherctij 
the  hive  can  be  enlarged.  Bee-hive,  emlarged,  nitk  t 
tooveable  crown  witlija  the  hive. 

Bee-hive  in  the  form  of  ■  temple,  with  Gothic  donr, 
^pire,  and  moveable  Crown,  exhibiting  a  glasa  erowi^  ia 
which  the  operations  of  the  bees  on  be  iiiq)ectad. 

Bae-hive,  ornamented  with  coloured  willow  aad  itn*. 
I>earing  the  initials  of  Her  tmeaty  with  the  Cnm 
wrought  in  willow. 


10  WifpELL,  Joseph,  jun.,  319  IliyS  SIrecl,  Kxeter — 
Donignor. 
Open  octagonal  alms-baain,  of  walnut  wood,  lined  with 
■lilk  velvet,  with  paterax  in  tho  aide  nionldings ;  the  whole 
forming  the  capital  of  a  Gothic  pillar.  This  olms-baun 
is  repreoonted  in  the  following  out. 


Hlppill'i UcUgonal  Aliu^Mln. 


I4r         ChaTWIN,  H-,  aa  Darwin  Str^, 
Hanutocturer. 
Work-boxes,  caddiee,  &c-,  in  tottoiaeahell, 

l-oarl,  &c.  

l.'j         JoH.NSos,  PtWEB,  Tlt/irn— Man>ifaetnf«r, 

A  quantity  of  fsncy  artioleB  turned  in  ivory,  woo 
uuutel  coal. 


Hi        Fabrab,  B.,  &  Son,  Chajifl  Lane, 
Manufacturers, 
Twine  made  from  hemp,  flax,  and  cotti 


18  Cbcsmack,  E.,  I'or*— Proprietor  snd  II 
Tortoisesbell,  ivory,  and  bom  dressing-combs,  made  b} 

20       McClistotk,  GwjBOE,  I'urt— Manti&ctnreraDd 
Chun  cut  from  a  solid  block  of  wood. 


'.'1        JaCKSoS,  TuoMas,  S  I'iailnM  Street,  SSffitbt— 
Manufacturer. 
Stiff  brushes.    Polishing  brushes,  in  vi 
|jy  table  knife  and  fork  manufoctupeia,  apri 


K-knifai^ 


rdcr-fiosk   raanufacturera,    cutlera,  silvarsraitlia,  U^ 

Soft  brushes.  Polishing  bnishea,  used  by  silVM^uUl 
tor  tM\<i>mnic,.  Qoata'  hair  finishing  brushea,  for  nh* 
^uu^.    Qicnk^  \isi«-<iD!^.\n>ubs,  lugs  and  mtddla. 


Kingdom.] 


AND  VEGETABLE  SUBSTANCES. 
North  Gallery. 


779 


Stiff-end  bniBh,  large  and  middle.  Scratcb-bruBh,  for 
dead  silver  work.  Scratch -end  brush,  for  silver  work. 
Searwl  end  brush,  and  set  end  brush,  for  cream-jugs. 
FUe-bruah.     One  joint-brush.     Boil-brush. 

22        Smith,  Joseph,  79  Sidney  Street,  Sheffield- 
Manufacturer. 
Mortice-lock,  and  knobs  for  doors,  of  various  patterns, 
turned  in  ivory  and  fancy  woods.     Drawer-kuobs,   of 
various    patterns,   in  fcmcy  woods,   ebony,    zebra,    and 
japanned.     Bird*s-eye    maple-wood    finger-plato.     Ivory 
dado  and  bird*s-eye  maple  bell-lever.     Ivory  keyhole  es- 
cutcheon.   Carved  bread-platters.   Beer-machine  handles 
Mahogany  comioe-pole  ring. 

28  Maunder,  John,  Launceston,  Cornwall — 

Manufacturer. 
Small  wood  table,  with  miniature  dessert  set,  turned  in 
irwry.  

29  Dow,  Andrew,  6  ChUdwall  Street,  Liverpool — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Veneered  brushes  for  plate,  watches,  and  jewellery. 
Plate-brushes  filled  with  horsehair.     Jewellery  and  watch 
brushes,  with  horse,  foreign  goat,  and  human  hair  drawn 
into  amall  holes. 

30  School  or  Industry  for  the  Blind,  Bristol — 

Manufacturers. 
Worsted  hearth-rugs  of  different  patterns  and  qualities. 
Wonted  and  cocoa-nut  fibre  door-mats.  Osier  nursery 
dmir;  child's  cradle;  baskets  for  linen,  for  carrying  rolls 
of  music,  and  for  holding  loose  papers;  fire-screens  for 
hand  and  back  of  chair;  nurserv  basket;  oblong,  round, 
and  oval  ladies'  work-baskets;  <ush-mat.  Made  entirely 
by  blind  persons. 

34  Cook,  Joseph,  Bradford  Street,  Walsall— 

Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  brushes. 

35  Lrr.  Francis,  Shipdham,  Norfolk — Producer. 

Carved  oak  lectern,  of  the  flamboyant,  or  late  deco- 
rated style  of  architecture. 

36  Crespin,  E.,  CheshwU,  Hertfordshire — 

Producer. 
Model  carvings  of  church  ornaments,  &c. 


38    Bevinotons  &  Morris,  07  Kiwj  WUlium  Street,  City— 

Manufacturera. 
Ci>ooa-nut    fibre   matting  and    mats;    cocoa,   manilla 
hemp,  and  worsted  door-matn,  of  variouH  kinds. 


39  Treloar,  T.,  4J  L  fid  fate  //iV/— Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  iiiattinji;^  ina<lo  of  cocoa-nut  fibre  (]mttemB 

provijiionally  registered).  The  same,  with  an  atimixture 
of  Manilla  hemp.  Door-mats  of  cocoa-nut  fibre.  Hearth- 
rug of  the  same.  MattreAs  of  iMitent  curled  cocoa-nut 
fibre.  Brushes  and  bror^ma,  various,  all  filled  with  the 
fibre.  Specimens  of  cocoa-nut  fibre  plait.  Bonnet  and 
hat  made  of  the  plait.  8(HH;imen  of  seating  or  fine  cloth 
of  cocoa-nut  fibre. 

40  Wildet,  Wm.,  &  Co..  7  /folhmd  Street, Diarhfrutrs* 

Kotid,  Stj'Uhtcark — Patentees  &  Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  uuwufactures  from  the  fibre  of  the  outer 
busk  of  the  cocoa-nut,  consisting  of  floor-mattings,  plain 
and  oi»loure<l;  door-mata;  nettinj;  for  sheep-folds  and 
other  uses;  hassocks;  nose-baj;^  for  horses.  Cocoa-nut 
husk ;  fiV»pe  from  the  same ;  fibi-e  prepared  for  brushes, 
subetitute  for  bristles ;  fibre  curled,  substitute  for  horse 
hair  mattresses  ;  fibre  dyed;  yam  spun  from  fibre  ; 
cordage,  from  fibre;  curling  and  spinning  by  mai;hinery, 
and  patent  preparation  of  fibre  from  the  husk. 

The  use  of  cocoa-nut  fibn*  for  l>e<l<ling  presents  many 
Advantages;  it  does  not  become  knotty  or  hanl,  it  does 
not  harboiu*  vermin,  and  is  not  affected  by  \iu*iation  of 


climate  ;  it  is  also  recommended  by  the  great  cheapness 
at  which  it  can  be  produced. 

[The  value  of  the  cocoa-nut  palm  to  the  inhabitants  of 
the  districts  in  which  it  is  found  native  can  scarcely  be 
exaggerated.  The  edible  fruit  is  important  as  an  article 
of  food,  and  the  husk  in  which  it  is  enclosed  supplim 
valuable  material  for  the  manufacture  of  cordage, 
matting,  &c.  Others  of  the  palms,  and  other  parts  of 
this  palm  {Cocas  nucif era),  furnish  an  inexhaustible  list  of 
useful  products.  Thread,  needles,  bristles,  brushes,  pens, 
arrows,  coarse  cloth,  and  a  variety  of  other  articles, 
are  obtained  from  the  stem,  leaf-stalks,  and  leaves  of 
trees  belonging  to  this  natural  fiimily,  the  members  of 
which  were  called  by  Linnaeus  the  princes  of  the  v^e- 
table  world.— R.  E.] 

41  King,  John,  49  Tufton  Street,  Westminster— 

Designer,  Inventor,  and  Manufacturer. 
Straw  work  baskets  in  colours.     Chandelier  manufac- 
tured of  coloured  straw.      Intended  as  a  specimen  of 
workmanship  in  straw,  and  also  to  show  that  straw-work 
can  be  applied  to  various  ornamental  purposes. 

42  Robinson,  Vincent,  ft  Co.,  38  Welbeck  Street, 

Cavendish  Stfuare — Importers  Sc  Inventors. 
Specimen  of  China  matting,  stained  in  pattern  (by  a 
new  process);  for  drawing  and  dining  rooms,  boudoirs, 
libraries,  ftc. 

[China  matting  is  said  to  be  made  from  plants  of  the 
palm  and  rush  tribes. — E.  F.] 

43  Armstrong,  John,  9  Chad^s  Place,  Gray's  Inn 

JRoad — ^Designer  and  ManufiEtoturer. 
Summer  and  winter  carriage  rugs.    Drawing-room  and 
bed-room  mats.     Carriage  rugs  and   bed-room  mat  of 
worsted,  with  hemp  and  jute.     Drawing-room  mat  of  the 
best  worsted,  with  hemp,  jute,  and  cocoa  fibre. 


45       Kain,  John  Francis,  27  Brownhtc  Road,  Dalston — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Full -si zed  bird  cage,    made  principally  of  ivory,   and 
without  yf\r<d.        

47  Taylor,  Benjamin,  169  St.  John  Street  Boad, 

Clcrkenwell — Manufacturer. 

An  Oriental  tower,  with  minarets  composed  of  upwards 
of  1,000  pieces,  manufactured  out  of  the  corozo,  or  vege- 
table ivory  nut,  the  produce  of  New  Grenada.  This 
tower  is  represented  in  the  cut  (p.  780). 

Vegetable  ivory  vases.  Specimens  of  the  vegetable  ivory 
nut,  shown  in  section  and  m  their  natural  state.  The  cut 
(p.  780)  represents  these  specimens.  Sundry  fancy  articles 
manufactured  out  of  the  vegetable  ivory  nut.  l^adies' 
table  cushion,  with  fittings  complete,  in  vegetable  ivory. 

[The  ivory  nut  is  the  seed  of  a  dwarf  palm  tree,  pro- 
ducing its  fruits  iu  large  round  heads.  The  part  used 
by  turners  is  the  hard  albumen,  or  the  part  which 
answers  to  what  is  called  the  flesh  of  the  oc'ja-nut.  It 
is  as  durable  and  nearly  as  hard  as  the  ivory  of  the 
elephant,  whence  botanists  call  it  phytelephas,  or  elephant 
tree, — J.  L.l 

48  Fentum,  Martin,  8  ITemmings  Rote,  Chariny  Cross— 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  ivory  chessmen  and  chess-board. 


49        Brown,  Henry,  187  Wdtech^ipel  Road^Inxentor. 
"British  ivory"  (not  a  composition). 

51  Coate,  Jambs,  &  Co.,  5  Brewer  Street,  Golden  Stputrc, 
St.  Janms's — Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Concave  tooth  brush,  graduated  to  fit  large  or  small 
teeth,  and  Inivelled. 

Penetrating  hair  brtish,  drilleil,  elliptic.  Model  for 
carved  ivory  hair  brushes,  with  new  design. 


Class  28.— MANUFACTURES  FROM  ANIMAL 
HoBTH  Gallkby. 


Tk<(\(ii't  S^mniii  of  >h*  V< 


KOIODOM.] 


AND  VEGETABLE  SUBSTANCES. 
North  Gallery. 


781 


52   Croobs,  Thomas,  7  Belculere  Place,  Bethnal  Oreen — 

Inventor. 
An  invention  to  prepare  the  handles  of  bruBhes,  which 
Are  used  for  glue,  paste,  vamlsh,  paint,  pitch,  tar,  &c., 
■o  as  to  prevent  their  becoming  covered  while  working. 


55  GosKELL  k  Co.,  12  Three  Kings  Court,  Lombard  Street 

— Manufacturers. 
Extracts,  perfumes,  and  perfumery.    Fancy  toilet  soaps 
of  various  kmds.    Fancy  brushes  and  combs. 


55a  Smite,  Aug.,  8  emd  9  Osbom  Street,  Whitechapel — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Fainting  brushes,  flat,  and  fit  for  heavy  or  fine  descrip- 
tions of  work.       

58     RioBT,  Edward  Robert,  80  Graccchurch  Street — 
Patentee  and  Manufacturers. 
Specimen  of  brushes  manufactured  from  quills.     The 
fibre  is  rendered  applicable  for  all   purposes  in  which 
bristles  have  been  used,  and  is  considered  equally  useful 
and  durable. — Patented. 


61 


Child,  Wiluam  Hbnrt,  21  Providence  Row, 
Finsbury  Square — Producer. 
Improved  stock  brush,  bound  with  copper.     Flexible 
flesh  mishes,  made  in  wood,  upon  an  improved  system. 
Hair  brushes.     Improved  nut-crackers. 


62    TRCEflTT,  H.  P.,  20  and  21  Burlington  Arcade,  and 
1 14  Piccadilly — Inventor  and  3ianufacturer. 
\ng»,  head-dresses,  hair  dyes,  brushes,  combs,  &c. 


64     Rom  &  Soks,  119  k  120  Bishopsgate  Street  Withinr— 

Inventor  and  Manufacturers. 

Ornamental  hair.    Head-dresses.    Peruke  of  grey  hair, 

parts  of  it  dyed  of  different  colours.    Hair  lengthened 

artifididly.    Brushes,  and  various  articles  of  ornamental 


65  Tboktitt,  Walter,  1  Xor  Boml Street — Manufacturer. 

Oarred  ivory  brushes  and  comb.     Tortoliietfhell  combs, 
of  natural  hair. 


67        Blafe,  George,  7  Brook  street,  Xcw  liixid — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Fkney  fMther  brush,  carved  in  English  walnut. 


68  Na«H,  Thomas,  jun.,  19  Stran  Street,  Jf>rer  lioad, 
Southwark — Inventor  and  Manufjictiirer. 
Registered  cop{)er-bound  painter's  brurthcH,  liaving  a 
■ingle  cc>i>per  band  tightly  prefwed  niund  the  briiitlcH, 
and  rivetted  through  to  the  |>eg  or  handle,  thu8  firmly 
securing  the  bristlen  and  handle.  The  band  in  flattened 
into  an  oval  form,  by  which  the  brurth  iH  8prea<l  ro  ari  to 
give  it  the  most  efficient  working  fonn. 


70  Tallerman,  Rebecca,  20  Wfiitc  Lion  Street,  Xorton 
Ftftsjate — Invent^)r  and  Manufacturer. 
Waterproof  Cachmere,  adapte<l  for  ladieH  and  childreuH* 
botitii  and  Hh<»e<«,  and  other  articles,  with  inanufacturetl 
^wcimens.  Black  Hilk  and  tvitin  8ide-laced  boot*.  Ma- 
roon-coloured velvet  booti*.  Speciuiena  of  black  silk, 
satin,  and  velvet  wateri)roofe<l ;  au<l  of  black  silk,  satin, 
and  velvet.     Patented. 


lO'r. 


72       HoDOES,  Richard  Edward.  44  So*uh'impt(m  lii 

Sutsell  Square — Inventor,  Manufacturer,  and 
Patentee. 
Plaient  improvements  in  mechanic;il  purcliasos,  c:ille<i 
cnmulators.  Highly  elastic  tackle,  made  of  India  rul>l>er, 
is  substituted  for,  or  employed  in  combination  with  the 
rigid  kind  ordinarily  einployetl,  and  applied  ao  that  a 
■ingle  man  may  bring  any  rc<iuire<l  amount  of  mechanical 
force  to  bear  against  the  bo<ly  to  be  removed. 


Travellers*  staffs.  One  of  these  staffs  serves  as  a  hand- 
carriage  to  convey  bundles  or  packages.  By  increasing 
the  length  and  strength,  great  weights  may  be  carried  on 
this  simple  arrangement. 

Patent  improvements  in  projectiles— consisting  in  the 
application  of  India  rubber  to  guns,  bows,  and  other 
projectiles,  whereby  harpoons,  arrows,  spears,  balls,  shot 
kc,  may  be  thrown  with  great  force,  and  to  great  dis- 
tances. India-rubber  guns.  Bows  with  arrows.  Arrow 
projector.  Shot  and  ball  projector.  Sheath  for  projecting 
vanous  missiles. 

73       Sanders,  John,  11  Fore  Street,  Cripplegate — 

Producer. 
India-rubber  waterproof  umbrella  tent. 

75  Wansborouqh,  James,  52  Little  Britain — 

Inventor,  Patentee,  and  ManufBicturer. 
A  waterproof  cloth,  in  imitation  of  velvet,  each  side 
can  be  made  of  a  different  colour;  suited  for  upholstery, 
curtain-hangings,  binding  of  books,  caps,  hats,  &c 

76  MACEnrrofiH,  Charus,  &  Co.,  73  Aldemianbury, 

and  Carnhridje  Street,    Manchester — Importers, 
Manufacturers,  and  Patentees. 

Specimens  of  natural  caoutchouc,  as  imported ;    of* 
India-rubber,  in  the  various  stages  of  manufacture;  and 
vulcanized  or  converted. 

Of  impermeable  India-rubber  manufacture:  inflated 
boats;  life  belts;  cushions,  pillows,  beds,  and  sponging 
baths;  sheets  for  covering  waggons,  ricks,  &c.;  water- 
proof garments;  sporting  and  travelling  articles;  water 
and  air  proof  fabrics;  invalid  beds,  &c. 

Impermeable  and  elastic:  decanter  and  bottle  stoppers; 
wearing  apparel ;  boots,  shoes,  &c. ;  surgical  and  veteri- 
nary articles;  articles  for  chemical  uses;  calico-printing 
articles;  ship  sheets,  in  case  of  accidents  at  sea,  &c. 

Elastic  articles:  for  domestic  purposes  in  sheet  or 
woven  articles;  springs  for  doors;  bands  and  bandages; 
buffer  and  bearing  springs  for  carriages;  tires  for  noiseless 
wheels,  sewer  and  sink  valves;  torsion  spring  roller 
blinds;  Hodges*  cumulantH,  by  which  a  new  power  is  ob- 
tained for  raising  and  HU8])ending  weights,  constructing 
presses,  and  projecting  balls,  shot,  harpoons,  arrows,  &c. ; 
washers  for  Hange  and  nocket  joints,  &g. 

Moulded  articles  for  various  mechanical  uses  ;  socket 
washer  in  glass  model  pi(>e ;  rolling  piston  in  glass  mo<lel 
pump ;  i^acking  for  steam-engines,  &c.  Ornamental  articles 
for  stationary  puriK>scs,  &c. ;  elastic  mf^,  prints,  and 
embossings,  printed  webbing;  thread  for  weaving  into 
elastic  fabrics,  and  ladies'  ornamental  work,  &c. 

[The  process  of  vulcanizing,  by  which  so  many  new  and 
extraordinary'  qualities  have  been  given  to  India-rubl)er, 
was  discovered  by  Mr.  Thomas  Hancock,  of  Stoke  New- 
ington,  a  partner  in  the  above  firm,  and  patented  by  him 
in  November,  \M'.\. 

These  (jualitie^  conniHt,  firnt,  in  a  remarkable  increase 
of  strength,  and  a  permanent  elasticity.  Secondly,  in  its 
reHii<tanco  to  the  action  of  the  esHcntiid  oils,  which  dis- 
solve common  India-nibl>er,  the  vulcanize<l  merely  ab- 
Horbs  them,  a^  a  fliK)n;;e  doerf  water,  and  from  which  it 
may  be  evaporated  without  injury  to  the  qualities  ac- 
(|uire<l  by  vulcanizing— and  its  great  resistance  to  tlio 
action  of  fatty  oiU ;  and,  thirdly,  \U  being  unaffected  at 
low  tem[>er:itures,  which  hardens  conmion  India-rubber, 
whilst  vulcanize<l  remains  in  a  soft  and  elastic  stute.  It 
Jilso  rej<if*t«  tlie  ncti(»n  of  heat,  f>u*  Injyond  those  tenqM)- 
niturcrt  which  destroy  common  rubber. 

These  (qualities  arise  from  a  |)eculiar  combination  of 
Hulphur  with  lndia-rubl)er  by  moiuis  of  heat.  This  im- 
portant discovery  was  made  by  Mr.  Hancock  on  immerHJti^ 
fthect  India-nil)l>er  in  li<piid  sulphur,  when  he  perceived 
that  an  extraordinary  change  had  taken  place  in  tlie 
rubber,  which  lie  discovered  to  be  due  to  the  absoq>tion  of 
the  suli»hur,  and  not  aljsorption  only,  but  by  a  continua- 


Ci-AM  28.— MANUFACTURES  FROM  ANIMAL 
NobtbGai-lbb*. 


tion  of  thu  liuat  to  cartain  degrees  until  it  wbb  found  to 
li&VB  acquired  tlie  properties  above  stated,  which  Tundeni'I 
it  At  fur  many  new  uid  iiupoi'taiit  puiiiosus  in  tlie  uiefnl 
and  mocbamca]  arts;  snd  uiony  of  its  quolitUH  thus  dis- 
covurod  ore  now  oitensivel;  employed  (or  Uiws  suggested 
by  the  vulcuniied  rubber  itself;  and  fur  which,  if  it  foil, 
thera  is  uo  luiown  substitute. 

lQWttlerp">o''fi''Tio*i  the  impermeable  quality  of  India- 
rubber  is  prcscrrod,  whilst  it  remruue  peruianutitly  flexible 
nud  elastic ;  for  no  dugree  of  climatic  tomperatura  renderd 
garmentd  or  coveriugB  mads  with  it  stiff  from  cold,  nnr 
are  they  injured  by  heat- 
But  it  is  chiefly  for  its  elastiu  propertiee  that  it  has  be- 
come BO  valuable,  and  many  patents  liave  been  takeu  out 
fur  ltd  appiicstion,  such  as  buffers  oud  beariu);-Hprir!gs  for 
rsjlway-caniages;  washers  for  flange  and  socket  Joints  of 
metal,  glaaa  and  earthenware  pipes;  valves  and  cucks  for 
rotuning  or  transmittiug  fluids ;  valves  for  the  air-pum]>B 
of  marine  and  other  steam -engines;  threads  and  »1ieeta 
of  elastic  fabrics;  hydroatatic  beds  and  pillows  for  local 
applicatioD,  and  a  variety  of  valuable  surgical  appli- 
cations. The  new  power  for  lifting,  pressitig,  or  eun- 
pending,  or  restrsiuing  fur  auddet]  disengagement,  an 
nucumiilated  elastic  force,  until  it  La  equivalent  to  or 
exceeds  the  eSect  required  to  be  employed. 

Caoutchouc  is  the  saj>  of  the  SipA-ini-i  cl-uliai,  a  plant 
of  the  order  Eap/ierbuirxai  or  spurge  tribe.  Tho  India- 
rubber  tree  is  B  native  of  Brazil  and  Quoiona,  where  it 
grows  to  a  height  of  60  feet  and  more,  rutming  up  m  a 
olear  stem  to  40  or  50  feet,  and  then  brancliing.  The 
trunk  is  tapped  by  a  small  piokaie  early  in  the  morning, 
and  a  cup  of  soft  olay  is  stuck  beneath  the  wound  to  col- 
leot  the  milky  juice,  of  which  each  tree  yields  dailyabout 
a  gill.  It  is  then  moulded  on  clay  into  the  bottle  or 
■hoe-like  shapes  in  which  it  is  brought  to  Europe;  the 
layers  of  Juice  being  dried  in  smoke.  This  vegetable  con- 
■tituent  is  also  obtuned  in  large  quantities  from  the 
East,  from  the  Ficia  el<nlv:<t  and  the  V^rceoln  eliialica;  the 
latter  abounds  in  the  islands  of  the  Indian  archipelago ; 
it  ia  a  creeper  ao  rapid  in  growth,  that  in  five  years  it 
ortends  to  HOO  feet,  and  is  from  30  to  30  iuchen  in  girth. 
This  tree  can,  without  being  iqjurod,  yield  by  tapping 
from  50  to  CO  lbs.  of  caoutchouo  in  one  sesson;  but  it  ia 
very  inTcrior  in  quality  to  that  which  is  obtained  from 
the  Sptonu.— E.  F.] 

77     BuMji,  LoatiNOTos,  &  Co.,  19  and  20  IVu;i»T>o*— 

Specimens  of  the  various  desciiptioUB  of  native  Para 
India-rubber,  or  caoutchouc,  and  of  gutta  perclia  (ni 
guiu  gutta}  as  imported;  clossilied  according  to  tlicic 
value  anil  appbcatiun ;  with  samples  nhowiug  the  variouH 
■togoe  of  the  manufsctured  articles. 

Kjiecimens  uf  the  various  qualities  of  East  and  West 
India  rubber,  as  imported,  w-iiich  are  used,  with  few 
oiceptiouB,  for  the  purpose  of  mixing  with  Para  India- 
rublier  and  other  sulatances.  Atewnomples  are  ciliibited 
to  illustrate  their  use  in  manufactures. 

[Sinco  the  year  18:10,  caoutchouc  hiw  been  largely  im- 
ported, principally  from  tropical  South  America.  The 
average  annual  importation  of  it  into  England  from  Draiil 
during  the  three  yean  ending  with  1R43,  was  do  lens 
than  ^,T90  cwti.  The  application  of  this  subgtnnco  to 
the  making  of  boots  and  shoes  is  a  branch  of  comiuerce 
that  originated  in  the  United  States.— E.  F.J 

7H     Nickels,  CnautToi-HRli,  &  Co.,  13  (IMsmith  SIrttt, 
f Ae.(j.)iWr'  -MauufncturiTj.. 
Various    articles  manufactured   from  India-mblier  ;— 
lloiva  clastic  weU,  for  braces,  j^Lers,  wristluts,  and 


glove  tops;  braided  webs  for  landaLi,  and  aimilar  ynt- 
a,   under  latent;  elastic  cord  for  various  purpuMa, 
as    bead  threading  for   bracelets,    anuleta,    iiacfc 

H,  Sm. 

81    MiTTBEWB,  S4*JI.,  58  CltariTuf  Crass— Manu^ctur*. 

Large  sized  India-rubber  portable  boat,  after  the  dasii;tt« 
of  Lieut.  Halkett,  R.N.;  usofiil  for  lake  EshinR.  diM^ 
looting,  and  general  purposes.  The  air-proof  oyiinilna 
running  round  this  boat  is  made  in  four  compartmeBts^ 
thereby  considerably  lessening  the  danger  that  might 
-utB  from  its  being  fractured  in  any  part. 
India-rubber  clirak  boat,  designed  by  the  a 


ised  OS  a  boat,  and  enublea  tTBrellen  to  croaa  r 
streams  where  no  other  meooi  are  al  hand;  it  al 
a  good  bed. 


,.        ^B. 


Ueut.  Ililkin'i  IndiwiiU.K'  Cloak  B> 


In  Fig.  I ,  is  shown  the  cloak  boat  nninflated.  A  Isije 
portion  of  the  closk  is  doubted  in  the  cloth,  and  nM 
air  is  forced  between  the  two  parts,  a  firm  distendel 
cylinder  is  formed,  somewhat  in  shape  like  a  h«i»- 
coUor.  In  Fig.  '1,  is  shown  the  cloak  thus  inflated,  thnnigh 
the  cock,  c,  by  a  small  beUon,  B.  Within  tito  dmm- 
ference  of  this  oir-oylinder,  and  on  the  centre  part  (iriiick 
does  not  inllate)  the  owner  sits  when  on  tho  watar. 

All  beyond  the  length  and  breadth,  n  b,  d  i,  ot  ^ 
boat,  as  the  collar,  loose  ekirts,  &c.,  is  drami  in,  ruidn 
k^t  out  of  the  water  by  a  running  cord. 

P,  the  paddles,  B,  the  bellows,  liotb  of  which  are  eaitW 
n  the  cloak  pocket. 

India-rubber  portable  bath.  This  has  an  inflating  bor- 
der, which  gives  it  the  neoiHsary  form  when  filled  utth 
air;  when  umnSated  it  is  capable  of  being  packed  in  a 
very  small  compass. 

82  CoBDINC,  J.  C,  231  SraaJ— ProduoBT. 

Silk  and  other  waterproof  coats,  capable  of  being  uttd 
with  either  side  outwiuds.  Waterproof  oipaa  of  ■  m<> 
form.  Ladies'  waterproof  ailk  c^iee  and  hoods,  madi  of 
silk.    Sundry  wateq>roof  orticlei. 

8;(  HiKcoCK,  J.  L.,  Cmrrll  ilfw,.  GotnU  Boti— 
Manufacturer. 
Vulcanized  India-rubber  hose-pipes,  and  various  d^ 
iicriptiuns  of  vulcaninad  India-rublwr  tubing.  portaUi 
InclLi-nibbor  shower-botli.  Hose-reel,  with  gardenhna 
attached.  InBated  India-rubber  bed-chair  umI  cuahiiia 
combined. 

8-i  BiKEB,  C,  Jin-h  C-timje,  Jhtktr field  Street,  [ilimgt>m- 

Xew  hnir-brush  and  pocket  tooth-brusb.  Uodel 
writing-deHk.     A   new  fire-eacape.     Xew  poUon  tuelk- 

brushes. 

85     The  Gutta  Pkucbi  CosiritJ*,  \S\rKaif  Road, 

Cily  ]io"d — Importers,  Patentees,  and  Uonuttcturen. 

Blocks  of  raw  gutta  |iercha.  one  of  them  showing  ibt 

deception  practisod  by  the  Hajays,  in  putting  stODes,  tc 

into   the  blocks.    Trays  of  shced  and  cleanaad  gutli 

Waterproof  applicatiiins.—apccimeiia  of  covered  cuin' 
and  patent  waterproof  cloth  of  gutta  pcrcha ;  vat«rpivi' 


\ 


Kingdom. 


AND  VEGETABLE  SUBSTANCES. 
North  Gallebt. 


783 


•oloi  for  boots  and  shoes;  "solutioned"  jean  for  inner 
•olos;  hydropathic  bandages;  waterproofbeeU  with  metal 


Various  articles  for  agricultural  and  manufacturing  pur* 


For  maritime  purposes : — anchor  floats,  buoys,  fishing- 
floats,  life  buoys,  and  air-tight  life-boat  cells,  pilots' 
I,  sou' -wester  hats,  coils  of  round  band  for  signal  hal- 
liMrdi,  speaking  trumpets. 

Deoontire  applications: — brackets,  console  tables,  cor- 
iiinna^  ceiling  centres,  mirror,  and  other  frames,  friezes, 
ffr— "^^l«Mi,  panels,  mouldings  in  imitation  of  carved  oak, 
wwewood,  ke,,  for  the  decoration  of  rooms,  ships,  saloons, 
fidbtnei  woric,  Ac. 

Specimens  of  gilded  gutta  percha,  and  a  variety  of  arti- 
el— ,  showing  its  a|ppli<»biUty  for  surgical,  chemical,  elec- 
trical, and  domestic  purposes. 

[The  history  of  gutta  percha  is  remarkable.  It  appears 
to  have  been  one  of  the  curiosities  introduced  by  the 
Tradsaoants  into  England  under  the  title  of  Mazer-wood, 
But  it  received  no  commercial  attention  until  1843,  when 
it  WM  again  brought  to  England,  by  Dr.  D' Almeida  and 
Dr.  W.  Montgomerie.    Some  of  the  earliest  specimens 

exhibited  to  the  Society  of  Arts;  and  the  curious 
of  this  substance,  and  its  &cile  manipulation, 

then  illustrated.  It  now  forms  a  most  important 
•rtaele  of  oommeroe.  From  Singapore,  in  1845,  169 
picab  (a  picul  =  133J  lbs.)  were  exported;  in  the  follow- 
ing year,  5,364;  in  1847,  9,296;  and  in  the  first  seven 
months  of  1848,  21,598  piculs  were  shipped  frx)m  Singa- 
pore to  England.  Qutta  percha  (pronounced  pert-sha)  is 
the  concrete  juice  of  a  tree  belonging  to  the  natural  order 
8apoi4MOi(t,  This  tree,  Itonandra  Gutta,  abounds  in  the 
Malayan  ardiipelago,  and  is  called  "Niato"  by  the 
naftivea.  Hie  concrete  juice  is  prepared  for  manufacture 
fay  cnttiog  into  thin  sUoee,  by  a  powerful  machine  for 
that  poipoee.  It  is  then  boiled,  and  torn  to  shreds  by 
machinery ;  it  is  after  this  dried,  and  masticated  by  si- 
milar kneading-machines  to  those  used  for  caoutchouc. 
It  is  coloured  by  the  introduction  of  colour  in  powder 
during  the  kneading  process.  Gutta  percha  is  soluble  in 
n]4>htha,  chloroform,  and  other  menstrua.  The  latter 
aolution  is  useful  in  surgery. — R.  E.] 

86  Thorn  &  Co.,  98  Sew  Bond  5<rwf —Manufacturers. 

Looking-glass  frames  and  console  tables,  and  decora- 
tions in  g^tta  percha;  some  richly  gilt,  and  various  Hpe- 
cimens. 


87  Walker,  Thomas,  1  Conduit  Street,  Regent  Street- 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Outta  percha  hat-bodies,  previous  to  being  finished. 
Teotilated  velvet  hats.  Hunting  helmet  covered  with 
ailk  velvet.  Hat-case,  answering  the  purpo»c  of  a  safety 
life-buoy  float,  or  as  a  foot-bath,  and  many  other  useful 
purposes.  Portable  rustic  fountain.  Letters  and  num- 
Mrs  for  shop-fronts  and  other  surfaces. 

90    Wmt  Ham  Gutta  Pkbcha  Company,  West  Ham — 

Manufacturers. 

Articles  for  manufacturers — driving  bands  for  ma- 
chinery, flat  and  round ;  bosses  or  rollers  for  flax,  cot- 
ton, and  worsted  spinners;  carboy,  syphon,  funnel, 
backet,  imperial  measures,  particularly  useful  in  acid, 
alkali,  chemical,  dye,  and  print  works,  &c. 

Useful  articles — wire  covered  with  gutta  percha  for 
electric  telegraph  purposes,  especially  for  submarine  and 
imderground  uses;  sheet;  soles  and  heels  for  shoos;  tub- 
ing for  the  conveyance  of  water,  air,  adds,  alkalis,  cheiiii- 
eals,  liquid  manure;  also  for  speaking  tubes,  fitted  with 
mouth-pieoee,  and  whistles;  cuits;  basin;  pulpit  tubes 
for  the  deaf,  in  churches  and  ctiapels;  railway  conversa- 
tion tubes;  ear  trumpets. 

Omameotal  articles — picture  frames,  brackets,  trays, 
plates,     inkstands,    whips,    draughtsmen,    dice    boxes, 


whistles,  deer  and  hound,  deer  stealer  (panel),  deer  at 
bay  (panel),  for  which  patents  have  been  taken  by  Charles 
Hancock. 


91    Fauldino,  J.,  1 1  Edward  Street,  Hampstead  Road— 

Producer. 
Fretwork  cuttings. 

95        Smith,  Oscar,  21  King  St.,  Covent  Garden — 

Manufacturer. 

Specimen  of  ivory  turning  and  carving,  forming  a  pe- 
destal, vase,  and  flowers. 

Unique  specimen  of  ivory  turning;  a  solid  piece,  the 
form  of  an  egg»  hollowed  out  to  the  thickness  of  the 
natural  shell  fix>m  a  perforation  of  the  12th  part  of  an 
inch.  Turned  by  Qeorge  A.  Smith,  22  May's  Buildings, 
St.  Martin's  Lane. 


96  Clatton,  B.,  54  Mansfield  Street,  KingsUmd  Road— 

Inventor. 

Specimens  of  a  newly-invented  method  of  making  calico- 
printers'  blocks  and  rollers. 

Method  of  inlaying  wood,  gutta  percha,  Parian  cement, 
papier  mach^,  &c. 

The  blocks  were  prepared  by  the  exhibitor  without  the 
advantage  of  skilled  lM>our  in  such  articles. 

Newly-invented  stamp,  for  stamping  letters,  news- 
papers, &o. 

97  Gruobon,  Alfred,  24  Thomas  Street,  ffackneyRoad — 

Designer  and  Manufiacturer. 
Fish  and  flower-stand,  bird's-eye  maple,  and  dyed  to 
imitate  nature.      

98  TuRKBDLL,  Thomas,  William  Street,  Portland  Toim— 

Producer. 
Specimens  of  improved  wood  sawing,  applicable  to 
sawing  deals  into  all  sizes. 

99  Minns,  Jambs,  40  Luard  Street,  Caledonian  Road— 

Maker. 
Model  of  the  choragic  monument  of  Lysicrates,   at 
Athens.     Lantern  of  Demosthenes,  B.C.  334;  scale  {  of 
an  inch  to  the  foot.     Carved  in  chestnut. 


100  School  for  the  Indigent  Blind,  St,  Georges 

FHeld%  Southtrark — Manufacturers. 
Articles  manufactured  by  the  blind.  Worsted  hearth- 
rugs and  fire  screen.  Work  and  linen  basket.  Anti- 
macassar and  doyleys,  knit  with  thread.  Netted  silk 
purses  and  neck  ties.  Watch  pockets.  Hair  brooches, 
bracelets,  watch  guards,  rings,  and  ear-rings.  Figures 
cut  in  paper  by  a  female,  blind  from  infancy,  65  years  of 
age.  Doll's  cradle.  Chaise  panel.  Table  mat.  Set  of 
shoe  brushes.  Five  pairs  of  shoes.  Cocoa-nut  matting. 
A  frame  used  in  teaching  the  blind  to  write.  A  map 
in  relief.  Pattern  board  for  the  use  of  the  blind  in 
making  fancy  hearth-rugs. 

101  Cripeb,  Robt.,  18  Artillery  Lane,  Bishopsgate  Street 

Without — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

New  willow  dra>^nng-room  chair,  easy,  and  inexpensive. 

Tlie  willow  sofa-bed  chair,  which  may  be  use<l  as  a  bed, 
a  sofa,  or  a  chair,  and  only  occupy  the  same  space  as  an 
ordinary  chair. 

102  Williams,  James,  40  Kxctcr  Street,  Strand— 

Manufacturer. 
Linen  basket  of  su])crior  fineness. 


103      Bode,  Herman,  11  Portsea  Place,  Connaught 
Square — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Various  specimens  of  basket  manufacture. 

104:    Potts,  Daniel,  18  St.  Dunstans  mil,  Totrer  Street 
— Inventor,  Designer,  and  Manufacturer. 
Figured  vase,  for  flowers,  in  basket-work,  formed  of 
inner  and  outer  cases,   the   intermediate  surface  being 
waterproof. 


f28.J 


[OmciAL  Ilu:8Trated  Catalocvt..^ 


•\U. 


Class  28.— MANUPACRTIES  FROM  ANIMAL 
NuKTii  Gallkuv. 


10(i  McRak,  Jasies.  ft  Co.,  17  Arx  Miu-ia  Lnac— 
MimiifHctiiren. 
Scoticli  wociit  iij-ticleH  of  now  dmifcQ,  consiBtinf:  of  worb- 
liojed,  reticuJm?!,  fallo  blutting-cnaw,  t«n  CJulclieA,  t*\A- 
tionciy  cBdeti,  iimtanic  note  books,  perfume  battle-okSBH, 
cit^r  cbDrftd,  aniif  boxm,  ci^iir  maat,  ticllowb,  razor  can**, 
[«|)er-kuivaa,  liook  markeiw,  neeillo -books  nucl  CitseK, 
liistiJi  boiaB,  liuiCBt  caiw!n,  baorth-brailios,  kuittinu  cbbbs, 
IwnholilKrB,  ponknivBn  uiil  caseii,  upoctaclo  CBHea,  Ac, 
omiuiienteii  with  paintingH,  tnrtan  jilBiild,  obecquorn, 
golil  [uid  Hilvcr  bctoUa,  &c.  Exbiliital  for  iForkuiausbip 
uul  ingenuity,  pnrticularly  the  Scutvb  lunge. 

109    Maujndaiii  k  Co.,  .'"i  J-tiaei  Street,  St.  LuMt— 
Mftnufiicturera. 
Table  inksttijid,    nith   atoppered   ink   BiaHaes ;   with 
joiiitiKi  ink  glHBUBii,  witli  caia;  anil  with  one  utoppereil 
uik  glaKd  made  torn  Goglieh  aycuuore,  atained  black  and 
t)olislied. 

109  Whbatlet,  Wm.,  2  Clipitone  ^(r«i— DaBignor 

and  Manufnotaror. 
Specimens  of  blocka  or  laatd  for  tbe  feet. 

110  Beobst,  Thohas  Johk,  8  Yori  Street, 

SI.  jiinu's'a  Sijwirc — Inventor. 
ItegiHtered  peg  to  aecure  linen  wliilht  dtTiug:  alio  ap- 
plicable to  holding  papers  togetUer. 

111  Sheppabd,  Fbed.,  125  Kingilajid  Soad-^ 

Proprietor. 

Artiolea  of  fancy  woodwork,  manufactured  in  Ayrshire, 

conHisting  of  needle,  card,  envelope  and  cigar  cuen.  Buuff- 

boios,  tootlipiuh  cascB,   and  buxee  to  contain   poetogs 

«tallips.  

112  SiNDr  ft  PowKu,  T^Geoiye  St.,  KeaSoad— 

Haniifactuivra. 

Fret  cut  podentol  of  walnut wooil,siutab!eforthe  newel 

ofa  ataircajie,  aideboard  ■tuidard,  or  haU  table,  Ac;  tlie 

Bbufl,  tun,  internal,  and  cxtenutl  omamenta  being  ciit  out 

of  the  solid  wood  by  mennn  of  a]ieq)endicuW  saw,  w-oikcd 


113   TiVLOB,  C.  ft  A.,  ;(0  Hows  Sle'ri,  Oxford  Street— 

DeiiiRnBrA  nnd  Uanufiictiirom. 

Ornamental  tablet,  beinff  a  »pei;inien  of  fretwork,  cut 

bj  improved  machiuury;  u«od  iu  the  decoratiiin  ot  piano- 

foi-tea,  organ",  cabiuat-work,  Ac. 

116  EonasEAn,  AuwANDBE,  mi  Strand— 

Manufacturer. 
Shawl  boiPB.    Volrct  embroidery.    Luce  caaoB,  writing- 
p[Li>ur,  and  other  omameutoJ  caries. 

117  IlABBts,  Sabugl  a  HesIit,  41  nn'l  27  Maiucll  Street 

— Impoilora. 
S|it!Gimena    of    apongcfl,   with  dcncriptioDB  of   their 


ITlio  stHuigos  UBcd  in  ciiinmorco  belong  to  a  clnm  of 
being*  wbicli  occupy  debatable  gi-ound  between  the 
hiiiiiiiil  and  vegetable  kingdoms.  Diflereut  kitidn  of 
(.jn'rigea  are  foimd  in  all  aoaw,  iucluding  those  of  Britain; 
but  tbu  sorta  suited  for  uwi  are  chiefly  prneiirod  froni  the 
/Ki;rtn  Sea,  where  they  are  torn  by  divers  from  the  rockd 
on  whioh  they  grow,  at  n  depth  nf  fniin  five  to  an  miiny 
A<  thirty  fiithoniB.— E.  F.] 

1  ]  8      HABn™,  C'tlABi.&R  A .,  /^J.:  /J'lwic— Doolgncr. 


lia    Ba«aE3a,J\XFi,lJoAntonSlrfel,B6rteferTi/So.tl, 
H  \tlmiaiter^yian  nfaet  urer. 
Flower  vase,  cut  Ironi  paper  with  scisson. 

120         COLLIKOS,  JoDK,  14  Greiit  Ormrmd  SIrtrt, 
IlluoiHs'mrs — Inventor  and  Hakor. 
Arm-pnd  for  journeymen  tailors,  designvd  to  aboliii 
cross-legged  sittmg. 

122     Jones,  Jonathan,  2h  Jolm  Slirrt,  Cmnoti  Strrel, 

St,  Geonjc's  Kiut — Inventor. 

Shoe  pegs,  for  use  in  making  boots  and  ihoei  witluvt 
welts  or  stitches.  Sixteen  leDgths  cut  bj  hand,  )■■ 
ginning  at  one-eighth  of  an  inch;  andt«n  loogtha  eutbj 
uiochiuu. 

ShoeH  made  with  pegs;  and  in  the  ditferwit  itigH  o( 
manufootura. 

124  Bita,  Joan  H.,  6  FaitheritoHe  Street,  CUg  Bond— 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  corks  cut  by  patent  machinery.  Ths 
mochinei-y  was  origioaily  patented  in  1830,  but  it  Iw 
since  been  much  altered. 

125  EaiiAa.ES  ft  HAitoitAVE,  Ci'/v  Saa  MiOt,  Bejnfi 

C-Iiwl —  ProduCBTB. 

Specimens  of  novel  usee  of  cork  and  of  prepstBtioM  rf 
cork  by  steam  machinery, 

1 .  Specimens  of  flniAlied  hats,  made  of  omk,  wilb  tbt 
vendura'  names,  and  the  reapectiira  wrighta. 

2.  Specimens  of  cork  hat  bodisa,  or  foundation)^  mads 
solely  of  cork. 

3.  S)iecimen  of  a  oork  hat-body,  or  fonndstioo, 
strengthened  by  mtlsUn,  as  generally  made  aad  uMd  If 
the  trade. 

4.  Si>ecimenB  of  cork  platea,  cut  hy  st^Bin  machinrr*, 
vaiyiugfrum  aO  to  120  plates  in  the  inch,  in  the  stale  is 
which  they  ore  supplied  to  the  hat-body  noaken. 

5.  Specimens  of  cork  tip  pieces,  of  the  like  nattin,  ia 
the  atata  in  whidi  they  are  supplied  to   tbe  bst-bodj 

e.  Specimens  of  cork  hst  cylinders,  partly  pnisnd 
and  innde  up,  in  the  stale  in  which  they  are  supplied  la 

the  hat  manufaoture™. 


Sjiecimena  of  cork  hut  brims,  partly  pr^iued  md 
made  up,  as  supplied  to  the  hat  monufacturen. 

9.  Specimcne  of  printing  on  cork  platea,  with  typt 
and  engmvcd  blocks,  eihibiled  by  Mr.  A.  J,  Xaier. 
inventor  of  the  steam  mnchinejy,  omplond  at  the  On 
Saw  Mills  in  this  trade. 

Fibre  cut  from  cork  by  steam  machineiT,  in  its  ne- 
pared  condition,  for  the  stuffing  of  ships'  mattreasB.  ad 
boat  cushions,  to  be  used  at  sea  for  the  preaerraliiv  d 

I .  Specimen  of  a  sea  mattress,  partialW  ttolTed  witk 
cork  fibre,  a.  Specimen  of  the  some,  finished.  3.  9i«- 
eimen  of  a  circular  bolster,  similarly  stiifled.  4.  Spus- 
men  of  the  application  of  cork  fibre,  applied  as  a  nriiiix 
to  the  BtufHng-boxes  of  steam-engine  piston  rods,  anJ 
which  is  said  to  roquiro  no  lubricating  material. 

Floating  moilels,  illustrstivB  of  the  mode  of  naingtlu 
cork   fibre   mattresses   and   bolaten,    ai    ' ' 


J  2(i    French  A  BcTum.  38  Picmdmy—KtaubcUarit 
anil  Imtx>r(«rs. 
Specimenn  of  different  qiinlitiea  of  ready-made  eoiki  of 

English  and  Spanish  manufacture. 

127      BuzARD,  John,  CTfH.-nAum— Manuftcturer. 

Moulded  panels  and  mouldings  eiit  by  macbinerr, 
showing  the  stAgcR  of  the  working,  with  the  tixils  em- 
ployed in  the  ptioess.     The  machine  is  specisjly  aduilfJ 

for  running  jouiera'  work. 


']. 


AND  VEGETABLE  SUBSTANCES. 

NOBTH  GaLLEBY. 


785 


Peters,  Richard,  &  Son,  liitinmgham — 

MaDufacturers. 
«68hell  clock-case,  in1ui<l  with  pearl  and  Rilver  in 
ttem,  with  |Munting  of  St.  PauVa  CathednJ;  the 
at  by  Mr.  Kvaiis,  of  Handsworth. 
ig-desk  of  tortoiiteshell,  inlaid  with  various  co- 
earU  in  scroll-work,  new  design.  Tea-chest  in 
heU. 

magazine,  to  hold  six  dozen  cigars,  in  tortoise- 
ith  sporting  design  on  lid;  the  same  in  turtle- 
ibellished  with  painting  of  Mytton's  celebrated 

ddy  in  mother-of-pearl,  inlaid  with  coloured 
TeiHSiddies  in  tortoiseshell  of  various  shapes, 
c. 

rnish,  inlaid  with  gold,  silver,  and  pearl.     Card- 
various  coloured  pearls  and  tortoiseshell,   of 
igns  and  patterns.    Cigar  cases,  tortoiseshell, 

1  articles  of  small  manufacture,  viz.,  brooches, 
B,  needle-cases,  match-boxes,  spectacle  cases, 
ko. 

'  companion  of  variegated  pearl.    Work-box  in 
if-pearl,  set  with  garnets,  &c. 
leshell  cabinet,  inlaid  with  pearl;  new  pattern, 
Iran,  desk,  and  work-box  complete, 
card-case,  in  two  coloured  pearls,  consisting  of 
net  pieces  of  diamond-shaped  shell, 
ase,  novel  shape,  in  tortoiseshell,  studded  with 
tth  painting  in  the  centre. 

being  cut  from  the  shell,  the  pieces  of  mother-of- 
t  flattened  on  an  ordinary  grinding-stone,  they 
attached  to  the  skeleton-frame,  which  forms  the 
ise,  and  are  reduced  to  a  uniform  surface  by  files 
ers ;  pumice-stone  and  putty-powder  is  next 
1,  and  buff-leather,  upon  which  rotten-stone 
rubbed,  is  used  to  impart  the  final  brilliancy. — 

)       

YTfES,  John,  35  Nnrfhtrood  SHrcct^  Birmingham — 
Designer  aiid  Miuinfiicturer. 
cabinet,    and   Hiiiall   uues —tortoiseshell,    and 


Whitaeer,  H.  W.,  20  Cfiarlotte  Street— 

Manufacturer. 
ental  bird-cage. 


•RiNonELD,  WiixiAM,  Wi^ch — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
I  of  wine  pi{>e8,  caHks,  tuba,  chums,  and  other 
f  coopery. 


*,  O.,  1   Virtorui  Trrrarr,   WoodbriJgc  Road, 
//Aiwru^A —  Manufacturer, 
ental  tume<l  snuff- boxes,  in  ivory,   and  fancy 
tx>ds. 

NTLD,  John,  Totttrnhnm  Park,  ^farlborfnu]h — 

Doni^er. 
with  cover  in  can'e<i  oak  and  Bilvor-plate<l  claspR; 
hy   hand.      (See   the   engraving,    Plate   85,    at 
)  

ENDALL,  John,  Stmmfwss,  Orknrf^,  Scntiarid — 

Manufacturer, 
s  samples  of  Tuscan  plait  Huitahle  for  bonnet«. 
ens   of    11    straws,    fine   Tuscans,    and    of    15 
cane  Tuscans.     Gro^-n  and  dressed  in  Orkney, 
mI  by  the  female  inhabitants. 


ILL,  Charles  Stewart,  Smnngro^r  Ifousr,  near 

Kirhralt,  ScotlattJ — Proprietor, 
ens  of  the  straw  plait,  for  making];  bonnets,  hats, 
•h  affords  emplovincnt  to  the  women  of  Orkney. 
lufiicture  of  this   plait  was  CHtabiisheil  about 


14G   MacGrboor,  J.  W.,  28  Jamaica  Street,  Qlasgott — 

Manufacturer. 

Ships*  harness  cask,  brass  hooped  and  mounted,  use<l 
for  holding  beef.  Deck  buckets,  brass  hooped;  brass 
hooped  and  handle ;  and  brass  hooped  and  wooden  handle. 
Pump  can,  brass  hooped  and  haiidle.  Mess  kid,  brass 
hooped. 

Imperial  bushel  measures,  brass  hooped  and  mounted, 
with  noops  flush  with  the  staves;  brass  mounted  and  iron 
hooped,  with  handles. 

Ten  gallon  cask,  made  out  of  red  oak  staves  (a  porous 
wood),  and  rendered  tifrht  by  charging  the  chimb  of 
the  cask  with  melted  tallow,  a  methocl  which  enables  the 
cooper  to  use  staves  of  red  oak  for  water  casks. 

151  Cooper,  W.  M.,  Derby — Producer, 
Pulpit,  with  carved  figures,  &o. 

152  Stevenson,  J.  &  J.,  Sheffield,  and  9  Cripplegate 

Buildings,  Wood  Street — Manufacturer. 
Ladies  ornamental,  dress,  and  other  combs,  manufac- 
tured from  ox  and  buffalo  horns. 


154  ToPLis,  John,  h  Sons,  Ashby-de-la-Zcnich — 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 

Improved  royal  letter-basket;  colours,  red,  blue,  and 
white;  for  the  drawing-room. 

Complete  fancy  knitting-basket;  colours,  red,  blue,  and 
white,  with  compartments. 

Round  work-basket,  with  dome  top;  colours,  red,  blue, 
lilac,  green,  and  white. 

Fancy  cottage  dog-kennel;  blue  and  white. 

155  DuNLOP,  John,  Lauder,  Scotland — Inventor. 
Fishing  or  trout  basket. 

156  AoAMSON,  Robert,  GAingstfurgh,  Fifeahire — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Scotch  willow  basket  for  carrying  fine  fruits.     Manu- 
factured by  the  exhibitor  at  Balcarres  gardens,  during  the 
winter  of  1850. 

157  Hallidat,  William,  Chilton -super- Polden,  near 

Brulgxrata — Producer. 
Piece  of  carving  in  English  oak,  .3  feet  long,  2  feet  in 
width,  and  7  inches  in  thickness.      Subject,  **  Tlie  Can- 
terbury pilgrims  setting  out  ftx)m  the  Tabard."    Executed 
by  the  cxliibitor. 

158  Hemphill,  W.  D.,  Chmmel,  Ireland— DeBigner 

and  Manufacturer. 

A  vase,  in  the  Elizabethan  style;  a  miniature  frame;  a 
vase,  after  the  antique,  with  lily  of  the  valley  and  fuschia; 
and  twelve  desnert  knife-liandles,  of  various  designs :  all 
execute<l  in  ivory. 

A  candlestick  and  a  match -holder,  in  African  black 
wood  and  ivory. 

A  small  vase,  after  the  antique,  in  walrus  ivory,  showing 
the  beautiful  reticulated  api>etu*ance  of  the  interior  of  the 
tooth  when  turned  extremely  thin;  a  small  cup,  in  the 
Hiimc  material,  showing  the  groat  strength  of  the  enamel 
of  the  tooth  of  which  the  slender  pillar  is  turned ;  vases 
in  hippoi>otamuM  ivory. 

1 59  Cannings,  Mart  Jane,  9  -Walcot  Parade,  Bath — 

Manufactun*r. 

Moilels  of  a  lady's  travel ling-lmsket,  an  invalid's  bed- 
table,  of  vegetable  and  fruit  baskets,  and  of  linen,  bonnet, 
plate,  and  bottle  baskets.  Chair-back  and  hand-screens. 
Dinner  and  round  mats.  Rushel,  knife,  work,  clothes, 
and  market  baskets.    Bouquet-holder.    Flower-pot  stands. 

Biiskets  for  various  uses. 

Tlie  exhibitor  is  blind,  deaf,  and  dumb. 


lf>0    IIoRNE,  William,  54  Mnntngtic  Street,  Sjntal fields — 
Designer  and  Miuiufacturer. 
Ladies'  work-b<»x,  containing  1,.Vh»  jtiecefi  of  woo<l,  of 
al>out  70  different  kindM,  thepnxluce  of  different  countries. 

3  M  2 


786 


Class  28.— MANUFACTURES  FROM  ANIMAL 

North  Gallery. 


rUsiTBD 


IGl    Hawley,  James  &  Thobias,  181  Bromsgrove  Street, 
Jiinningham — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  tooth,  nail,  Bhaving,  hair,  and  hat  bruahes, 
made  of  bone. 


102       Tate,  F.,  18  Percy  Street,  Bedford  Square- 
Producer, 

A  gilt  cnsket  symbolical  of  the  Great  Exhibition  of 
Industry  of  all  Nations.  Plastic  casts  in  imitation  of 
metal.  

163  William,  H.,  Dublin — Inventor. 

Eccentric  ivory  turning,  without  eccentric  chuck. 


104      Shaw,  C,  Mo^mt  Street,  Dublin — Producer. 

Specimens,  in  ivory,  of  mechanical  sculptture,  reduced 
from  models  in  plaster  by  machinery  adapted  to  a  turning 
lathe. 

165  Meadows,  John,  71  Princes  Street,  Leicester  Square 

— Inventor,  Patentee,  and  Manufacturer. 
New  method  of  veneering:  specimens  of  a  veneered 
glass-case;  Grecian  and  Doric  column  and  capital,  adapted 
for  all  kinds  of  upholsterers'  work,  cabinet,  and  piano- 
forte. I'icture  frames.  Specimens  of  patent  builders* 
work,  without  joining  at  the  angles  or  edges. 

166  HowTON,  George  William,  34  T^er  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Decorative  panel,  carved  out  of  lime-wood. 

167  "MiTTOBJ},  Bertram,  Cheltenham — ^Makerand 

Inventor. 

Concentric-balls,  made  of  solid  spheres  of  box-wood. 
This  curious  art  was  first  introduced  by  the  Chinese. 

[Tlio  mode  in  which  the  Chinese  make  these  balls  has 
been  lately  explained.  In  the  Athenseum  (No.  1094),  a 
correspondent  gave  an  accoimt  of  one  which  he  had 
examined,  and  in  which  he  found  that  more  holes 
had  been  cut  out  of  the  spheres  during  the  working  than 
were  finally  to  appear,  some  of  them  being  afterwards 
plugged  up  by  pieces  very  well  screwed  in.  He  then  gave 
a  very  probable  account  of  the  way  in  which  the  whole 
was  done,  and  this  was  confirmed  (No.  109G)  by  a  gentle- 
man who  had  seen  the  manufacture  in  China. — ^A.  D.  M.] 


168      WiNTERDOBN,  JoHN,  Hnchncy  Road — Inventor 

and  Designer. 
Models :  self-acting  index,  in  case  of  spontaneous  com- 
bustion on  board  of  vessels  ;  portable  warm -bath ;  self- 
acting  extinguisher,  in  case  of  an  overheated  flue ;  self- 
acting  fire-escape,  alarum,  and  an  indicator;  groups  of 
car\'ing  in  Italian  walnut-tree. 


169  Day,  Henrietta,  4  Oakley  Terrace,  Old  Kent  Road — 

Producer. 
A  caddy  formed  of  rare  and  valuable   shells  to  the 
number  of  100,000,  the  interior  of  the  lid  displays  a 
bouquet  of  flowers  worked  in  beads. 


170    Ramsay,  Geobge 'S.e^vvtAj,  Newcastle-vpon-Tyne — 

Producer. 

Model  of  a  monument  to  the  late  Earl  of  Durham,  on 
Persher  Hill,  county  of  Durham;  manufactured  out  of 
the  exliibitoi^s  cannel  coal. 

Wine-coolers.  Tea-set  and  miscellaneous  articles.  Fine 
clay  gas-retorts,  large  pipe,  and  goods  of  various  patterns. 
Fine  clay  chunney-cans  and  other  articles. 

[This  cannel  coal  is  the  finest  coal  for  the  manufacture 
of  gas  at  present  known,  and  is  used  exclusively  by  the 
Western  Gas  Company.  It  not  only  yields  a  large  quan- 
tity of  gas,  but  the  light  obtained  is  much  brighter,  and 
the  impurities  leas  considerable  than  in  other  cases. — 
D.  T.  A.] 


171  Bevan,  Charles,  100  AfetrcpolHam  BmOdmg*, 

St.  Pancras — ^Designer  and  Producer. 
Carved  walnut  tea-chest,  executed  by  hand; 
the  art  of  wood-carving  in  the  various  stagos,  from  ill 
conmiencement  to  its  completion. 

172  Smith,  Thomas,  ffurstnumceur,  near  BaiUkaam 

Bianufacturer. 
A  set  of  Sussex  truck-baskets,  made  of  willow  wood. 


173  WoLSTENHOLME,  J.,  12  Lord  Mayoi's  Watk,  Fori— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Six  stall  finials,  or  poppy-heada,  of  deoonied  GotUe 
architecture,  and  various  designs,  carv«d  in  Korwaj  oiL 

174  Struqnell,  H.,  25  Kirhy  Street,  Hation  Gwrde^- 

Producer. 
Ornamental  writing-desk. 


175  "Peel,  Joseph,  Pudsey,  near  Leedt,  ToriMirt— 

Producer. 
Specimens  of  ornamental  turning,  cut  in  reliefo,  is 
wo(^,  copied  from  coins,  medals,  and  flowen,  and  «f 
ornamental  turning  cut  in  relievo  in  marble,  from  medak 
and  flowers,  by  automatic  machinery,  tlie  tuniery  av»> 
raging  li  hour  for  each  copy.  IVeaented  aimi^as  tki 
turning  tool  left  them;  they  require  no  attendance  fnn 
commencing  to  finishing. 

176  Moore,  G.  W.,  ITuddcrsfield,  ForMvv— Prodnocr. 

.Wood  carvings. 

177  Hamilton,  Charubs  Foster,  15  Oreek  Street,  Sik 

— ^Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  shaving  brushes. 

178  FoRSTER,  — ,  Streatham,  Surrey — ^Producer. 
Patent  and  other  fabrics. 


179    Rogers,  Mark,  Abbey  Street,  Derby — ^Manufitftaicr. 

Ornamental. bracket,  composed  of  autumnal  froiti  lad 
flowers,  carved  in  lime-tree. 


181  Frinneby,  F.  R.,  63  Cannon  Street,  City — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Registered  distempering  and  other  bruBhea  for  paintiig 
and  graining  purposes. 

182  Bushell,  G.,  222  Whitechapel  Road— InmUr. 
An  economical  substitute  for  stained  glam,  suitable  for 

all  kinds  of  ornamental  and  transparent  devioea. 

183  Godfrey,  W.,  Romford — Pft>ducer. 

Ornamental  window. 


184  Hall,  J.  S.,  308  RegetU  Street^MamiheimfT. 

Improved  elastic  over  shoes,  with  leather  aolaa  aai 
plush  heels,  to  prevent  slipping. 

185  Tarbdtt,  W.,  Cranhrook,  Kent—Dma^aertaA 

Manufacturer. 
Cradle,  made  of  osiers,  and  ornamented  with  Qpvardi 
of  a  hundred  diamonds  of  the  same  material.     It  ii 
put  in  motion  by  a  weight  and  springs. 

188    Horsey,  James,  5  Sutton  btrret,  Soho  Square— 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Various  articles  of  India-rubber  manufacture,  in  i* 
original  colour,  designed  to  resist  the  influence  of  brtX 
and  cold,  and  the  action  of  unctuous  matters. 

Specimens  of  the  same  substance  in  variona  coloon; 
in  sheet,  and  in  manufactures  of  diffsrent  article*,  brti 
solid  and  spread  on  fabrics.  The  colours  are  pemaaist, 
and  the  combination  is  designed  to  raaist  the  toflunt* 
of  atmospheric  temperature,  unctuoua  matters,  and  wtti 
chemical  mcustruimis. 


Kdiodom.] 


AND  VEGETABLE  SUBSTANCES. 
North  Gallery. 


787 


191  WooDHEAD,  J.,  Leeds,  Torkahire — Manufaoturer. 
Bell  ropee;  flax  web ;  hempen  ropes ;  wonted  nettlDg 

for  protecting  fruit  trees  from  frost. 

192  GuniTBS,  WnuAX,  29  Grafton  Street,  Dublm^ 

Inventor  and  Manufiactiirer. 
Elastic  snake  bracelets,  double  and  single  coils,  made 
of  bog  oak,  and  with  alternate  joints  of  bog  oak  and  yew. 
Bog  oi^  paper  knives,  brooches,  studs,  buttons,  pen- 
boraars,  watch-chain  ornaments.  Bog  oak  brooches 
illustrating  four  celebrated  ruins  in  Connaught,  Ulster, 
If unster,  and  Leinster.  Irish  harp  brooches,  with  Irish 
beryl,  pearls,  and  diamonds.  Various  bracelets  and 
broodies.  

193  Canlet,  J.,  21  Bridgwater  Oardens,  Bridgwater 

Square,  Barbican,  City — Manufacturer. 
Tarioiis  mats  and  rugs. 

194  CUBTIS  Bbothers,  29  Qreen  Street,  Friar  Street, 

Blackfriars  Road — ^Manu&ctory. 
Gut  band,  for  driving  steam-engines,  manufactured 
from  animal  substances. 


195  Hemens,  N.  J.,  Hayes,  near  Uxbridge — Inventor. 

A  hoof  of  a  horse  shod  with  gutta  percha,  with  an  accom- 
panying shoe.        

196  HiNDB,  John  George,  144  Broad  Street,  Birmingham, 

— Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  fancy  brushes,  showing  process  of  manu* 
&cture. 

Specimens  of  various  kinds  of  useful  brushes,  and 
models  of  i^paratus  for  making  them. 

197  Clarkson  &  Co.,  Ill  Strand — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  patent  cork  hats. 

198  Stevens,  John,  4  PenUm  Row,  Queen's  Bow, 

Waltcorth — Producer. 
View  of  the  Exhibition  in  a  composition,  made  at 
St.  John's  Wood. 


200    Hawsins,  Thos.,  S  Inverness  Terrace,  Bishop  Boad, 
Bayswater — Patentee  and  Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  brushes. 


788  OFFICIAL  DESCRIPTIVE  AND  ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE. 


MISCELLANEOUS    MANUFACTURES    AND    SMALL    WARES. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Thk  iiiisccllftDcous  character  of  the  objecta  included  in  this  Class  renders  it  diRicult  to  convey  a  precise  idPA 
or  its  gviicral  iiQjiort,  or  of  the  distinguishing  features  of  the  articles  exhibited  under  it.  Small  wares  niay  be 
taken  to  comprehend  a.  very  large  variety  of  articles,  and  miscellanaous  manufactures  necessarily  include  a 
aiiuilar  variety.  The  following  feature  may,  however,  be  considered  to  characterise  the  articles  brought 
tu'^etlier  under  this  Class,  that  tliey  are  principally,  though  not  exclusively,  related  to  the  minor  points  in  the 
domestic  economy  of  society.  And  this  will  be  evident  on  eianmialiuu  of  the  Bub^tasscs  into  which  it  is 
divided. 

These  are  as  follow : — A.  Perfumery  and  Soap ;  B.  Articles  for  personal  use,  aa  Writing-desks,  Dressing- 
cases,  Work-boxes,  when  not  exhibited  in  connection  with  precious  metals  and  travcUini;  gear  Kencrally  ;  C. 
Artificial  Flowers ;  D.  Candles,  and  other  means  of  giving  light ;  E.  Confectionery  of  all  kinds ;  F.  Beads 
andToyv,  when  not  of  hardware,  Fans,  &c.;  Q.  Umbrellas,  Parasols,  Walking-sticks,  &c. ;  H.  Fislung-tackla 
«r  all  kinds,  Archery,  &c.;  I.  Canes  of  all  kinds ;  J,  Other  miisccllancous  manufactures. 

These  articles  are  placed  in  the  North  Transept  Gallery.  Incliidc<l,  however,  among  the  miscellaneous 
ohjt-cts  src  two  valuable  and  imix>rtant  collections  which  scarcely  appear  to  cumc  uuili^r  l>n>p«T  recognition  in 
this  Class.  These  collections  are  of  the  imports  of  the  towns  of  Liverpijol  and  Hull,  They  have  been 
arrani^l  with  great  care,  and  present  an  excellent  picture  of  the  staple  articles  of  trade,  and  uf  many  of  the 
less  important  ones,  constantly  received  as  importations  from  abroad  by  Uiese  lluurishing  sea-ports.  The  list 
of  tlie  I.ivuqiool  Collection  lias  l)ecn  inserted  in  the  Iwly  of  this  Catalogue,  in  consiiquence  of  the  value  attaching 
l»  accunite  statistical  local  information.  This  list  hss  undergone  careful  scientific  revision,  and  its  generic 
vxpn-ssions  may  be  taken  an,  on  the  whule,  accurate. 

TIm  tnanuracture  of  soups  and  candles  is  the  only  one  of  great  conmiercini  ini]«rlancc  to  which  this  Class 
has  reLitioii.  The  employment  of  soap  in  many  processes  of  manufacture,  in  a<ldition  to  the  iinnicnse  ilemnnd 
cniiteil  by  domestic  necessities,  render  its  production  on  tiic  great  scale  pro]xirtionally  inlercsliug.  The  ralo 
of  increase  in  the  quantity  pro<lncL-d,  during  the  last  lialf-century,  may  be  estimated  fruni  the  fact  that,  in  1801, 
S3,IU7,<XI7  lbs.  of  soap  were  consumed ;  and,  in  \84i),  the  annual  consuuiplioli  amounted  to  lil7,U3'.i,280  lbs. 
The  quantity  per  head  amounted,  in  the  latter  year,  to  9'71ll)s.  aiuiually ;  in  the  former  to  4'84ll>s.  Itiit 
much  of  the  increase  of  consumption  is  to  be  attributed  to  the  development  of  manufactures  in  which  this 
■ulnitance  is  used  for  various  purposes.  It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that,  during  the  same  j>erio(l,  the  numijer  of 
lict-'Hsed  makers  of  soap  has  decreaticd  to  the  extent  of  one-half,  while  the  production  has  increast^il  by  two- 
thinls  and  upwards.  Clictiiieal  ncience  has  ajiplied  itself  to  this  manilfaclure  \vH\i  much  success  in  this 
oinntry,  and  tlie  best  soap  is  jiroducoil  at  a  rate  very  inferior  to  that  of  indiflerent  buuihj  in  other  eoimlriws, 
aiid  in  our  own  at  a  funner  period. 

Hie  candle  miiniiroeture  is  also  conducleil  on  a  very  large  scale.  The  inlroiluctioii  of  oil,  cnmphine,  g«a, 
ainl  oilier  means  of  giving  light,  does  not  a|i|iear  to  have  very  materially  iuHuenoed  this  inannracturc.  'Hio 
raiisi'  of  which  may,  )ierha|is,  l>e  sought  in  the  repngnnnce  of  many  lo  njiply  gas  to  housi-liold  usi'S,  and  in 
■111- convenience  of  the  use  of  n  solid  instead  of  a  lluid  nuittrrial  for  doniCHtic  lights.  Chemistry  has  elli-ct<Hl 
niiich  for  this  niauufacturc.  By  its  aid  a  new  material  has  Iieen  proiluced  whieli  has  lieeonie  a  most  extensive 
Kiilntitule  for  wax  and  s|HTniaceti,  not  ordy  in  this  but  also  in  lor<'ign  countries.  Fiscal  restrictions  having 
hfon  removed,  the  iin))ravement  in  the  candle  manufacture  has  been  moHt  striking,  and  the  beiielit  to  tlio 
I'uMic  and  to  commerce  proper tiutiate. 

Ilic  mhior  articles  coiiipriBe.1  williin  llie  limits  of  this  Class  du  not  require  s)ircial  ndlice.  Perfuineri-, 
articles  fiT  the  dining- table,  minlels  in  wax,  toys,  lishing-tackli',  *c.,h;ive  all  llieir  n;B|jfCtive  iniiiorlame,  and 
may,  by  those  intcrestod  in  tlieni,  l>e  studied  in  the  locality  already  named. — It.  E. 


1  RowLum,  AuixjiKDEB  *  Sons,  20  ItjUm  G.inlat— 

Fr.,[.rL,.to™. 
Artielon  of  pcrfiiiiiory  luiil   f'lr  the   toilet;   oils,   c 
(■■-ticB.  dcntifritoH,  &u. 

2  Yisuuii' 4  Statiiah,  T  IW- .s(..<f,  lil-iiik'vy  — 

Miuiiirartinvi's. 
K|Hviui>-DH  ofreGuiHl  sviulvU  whiim. 


3  RlXMEL.  ECOKO!,   -W  (7rmir.ISl.,   SA),    onj 

1(1  II..Hlcfml  Je  hi  O-ind'/cry,  IWif—Pvidua'r , 
Artifleiid  Loir,  to  iiiiitiito  hiiinnn  hair,  f«r  jiliiits,  *c. 
A  «™nt  fmint-iiii,  a  jot  f.it  (.-oolitii;  nii.l  iB-iY.iiiiiiijj.ii-iill 


'  »'<.uli<l  »p  III 


790 


Ci-Ass  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


FL'nitkd 


4  WiLLiAMB,  John,  &  Son,  28  Compton  Street, 

Clerkentcell — ^Manufacturers. 
White  oil  Boap,  produced  from  Gkdlipoli  oil,  much  used 
amongst  the  fine  cloth  manufacturers.  Fine  curd  soap, 
used  at  Nottingham  amongst  the  lace-bleachers.  Curd 
soap,  used  by  the  cloth  and  other  manufacturers  of 
wooUen  goo<u.  Scouring  soap,  principally  used  at 
Leicester,  also  in  the  manufacture  of  goods.  Mottled 
and  yellow  soap,  similar  to  that  sold  by  oilmen  and 
grocers.     Various  kinds  of  fistncy  soaps  (pertumed). 

5  Taylor,  Hitmpbbey,  &  Co.,  Kirufs  Road,  Chelsea — 

Distillers. 
Specimens  of  liqueurs  distilled  from  foreign  and  English 
fruits,  &c.,  of  a  BritiBh  spirit;  of  distilled  waters,  ex- 
tracted from  flowers,  herbs,  &c. ;  of  fancy  scented  soaps. 

6  Lloyd,  Andrew,  10  Beak  Street,  Regent  Street — 

Manufacturer. 


The  Euxesis,  for  shaving  without  soap  or  water. 


8 


Knioht,  John,  Old  Gravel  Lane,  St,  Georges, 
Middlesex — Manufacturer. 
Extra  pale  yellow  soap;  exhibited  for  utility  and  com- 
position. 

Soft  soap — used  in  the  manu&ctures  of  cloth,  silk,  &o., 
for  machinery,  on  railways  and  on  other  works,  for  washing 
sheep  and  cattle,  &o, 

10      Hendrie,  Rorert,  12  and  13  Tichbome  Street, 

Quadrant — ^Manufacturer. 

Toilet  soaps. — Petroline  soap,  and  other  fancy  soaps. 

British  perfumes : — a  pure  lavender  water,  from  British 
flowers  only.  Specimens  of  various  perfumed  essences. 
Cosmetic  preparations  for  preserving  the  skin.  Im- 
proved milk  of  roses.  Improved  spirituous  acetine,  or 
toilet  vinegar.  "Moelline,"  a  peculiar  oleaginous  com- 
pound. Specimens  of  various  articles  connected  with  the 
toilet.  

13  Grobsxith,  John,  39  Friday  Street — Manufacturer. 

Summer  and  other  fancy  soaps;  pomade,  essences; 
perfumery,  and  essential  oils. 

14  Clarne,  W.  R.,  27  Compton  Street,  Clerkenvcell — 

Producer. 
A  walking-stick. 

15  Barnes,  J.  &  W.,  Poyle,  near  Colnbrook — 

Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  whipthongs. 

16  Carrick,  James,  127  Crawford  Street — Inventor 

and  Proprietor. 
Sample  of  the  cosmetic  elder-flower  toilet  soap,  free 
from  all  stimulating  perfumes. 

17  Oalhraith,  W.  J.  T.,  Wellington  Cottage,  South 

Lambeth — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Writing  fluids.     Seidlitz  powders.     Marking  ink.    Cu- 
Unary  essences.     Hair  oils,  perfumes,  &c. 

1 8  Ede  &  Co. ,  47  Lwljate  Hill — Manufacturers. 
Articles  of  perfumery.     Waithmon's  patent  ink. 

19  Co  WAN,  Lewis,  &Son8,  139  New  Gravel  Lane, 

Shiultrell — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  pale  yellow,  mottled,  curd,  and  marine 
soap. 

20  Cleaver,  Frederick  Samuel,  18  Red  Lion  Square — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

"  Honey  toilet  soap." 

Specimens  of  **May  blossom,"  or  "summer  soap," 
being  comiKwed  of  **crwMn  of  tartar"  with  •*  honey  soap." 

**  Winter  soap,"  (liouey  soap  combined  with  camphor.) 

Specimens  of  ''peach -blossom  soap,"  free  from  colour- 
ing matter. 

Brown  and  white  Windsor,  and  white  almond  soaps. 


21  Farina,  Jean  Marie,  23  RheitutraM»e,  0»lntfme,  ami 
1  Salter^  Hall  Court,  Cannon  Street,  City — Manidmc^aitt, 

A  new  extract  of  Eau  de  Cologne,  playing  from  a 

fountain.  

22  Fisher,  T.  W.  &  Co.,  Kintjs  Head  Oomrt,  BaMea^^ 

Manufacturer  and  Patentee. 
Perfmneiy  and  chemicals. 


23  Stevenson,  David,  4  Carlton  Street,  Bsgeni  Street-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Eau  de  Cologne.    This  perfume  is  manufiicturad  in 
this  country,  and  contains  the  peculiar  qualities  which 
are  supposed  to  be  confined  to  the  foreign  article,  while 
it  can  be  sold  at  a  less  price. 

24  Pears,  Andrew  &  Francis,  91  Great  RvMseU  Street, 

Bloomsbury — Inventors  and  Manufroturen. 
Specimens  of  transparent  soap. 

25  Kendall,  John,  ft  Co.,  32  Hanover  Street,  DMkk, 

Manufiicturers;  Agent,  Kendall^  Jowr,  8  Herp 
Lane,  Great  Toicer  Street,  Lomkm. 

Sixty  boxes  fancy  perfumed  soaps,  anorted.  T««h« 
slabs  &ncy  soaps,  of  various  colours,  in  rosewood  frames^ 
glazed. 

Twenty-four  bottles  of  perfumes,  assorted  ;  imported 
by  the  exhibitors,  from  the  Fabrique,  at  Aiz-Ia-Chapdle. 

The  soaps  manufactured  at  Hanover-street,  Dauiii; 
the  boxes  and  decorations  by  W.  Cornish,  63  Bartholo- 
mew Close,  London.  Manufactured  without  any  dsle- 
terious  ingredients. 

26  Faiers,  John,  154  Ht^h  Street,  Cotcktdm^- 

Manufacturer. 
Vegetable  oil  for  perfumery. 

27  Wharrt,  Janes,  Market  Place,  Ch^fpemkam — 

MEmufacturer. 
Distilled  lavender-water. 


28  BiAcKEAN,  Wm.,  Paialet/ — Manufjjctursr. 
White  soap.     Pale  soap,  purified  so  aa  to  retain  its 

colour.  Wliite  oil  soap,  finished  by  a  proceas  in  which  the 
glycerine  is  extracted.  Palm-oil  bleached  without  the 
intervention  of  chemicals. 

Ammoniacal  soap  (soft).  In  making  this  soap,  the  alkali 
and  fat  are  united  instantaneously  by  a  novel 
The  colours  of  cloth  subjected  to  this  aoap  in 
are  generally  brightened,  the  reverse  being  the  e 
common  soaps. 

Purified  American   baking   lard.     Lard-oil,   for  ma- 
chinery, freed  from  fat  acids. 

29  Payne,  George,  Covces,  Isle  of  Wight — ^Pkoptietor. 

Royal  Osborne  bouquet — an  improved  perftime.    Isle 
of  Wight  sand  soap — made  with  the  coloured  aanda  of  tht  ' 
island.    Royal  Osborne  sauce — an  improved  condimeiit. 

30  Low,  R.,  &  Co.,  330  5/raiul— Maaufrctnren. 
Hair  brushes  in  ivory,  satinwood,  and  roeewood.    Eb* 

bossed  perfumed  soaps.     Bottles  of  perfumery. 

31  Gould,  A.,  36  Great  Marylebone  Street-^ 

Manufactiu^r. 
An  assortment  of  fishing  tackle. 


32  Warrell,  James,  Duff ord  Street,  Bath — Manufactursr. 

Ladies'  fancy  work-baskets,  made  from  the  ground-ash 
and  the  hassel-nut,  varnished  with  spirit  Tarnish,  and 
finished  with  silk  and  satin. 

Large  work-basket,  fitted  up  with  rose  aatin,  in  tht 
shape  of  a  boat.  Large  oval  cover  travelling  work-baaktflft 
vaminhed  brown,  crimson  lined. 

Lady's  jewel-casket,    Albert    blue,    with    a    croebtl 
covering.     Bridal  basket,  light  varnish,  pink  lined, 
brass  lock. 


KmoDOH.]     Class  29.— lOSCELLAJfEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SHALL  WABES. 
North  Trasskit  Oallirt. 


Long  knitting •bnikat,  vaniUhed  brown,  blue  eatiu 
lined,  with  padlock.  Long  tidy  fur  crochet -necdlm,  var- 
Uiahed  dove  colour,  nwe  satin  lined.  Toilet  piuciuhion, 
VmmiBhed  pink,  covered  with  wliito  silk. 

Lady's  tiBVolliiig  TefnwhmeDt  baiket.  Pen  trsf ,  var- 
Uwhed  brown,   lined  with  blue.      Oreen   canoe,  lined 

Kllow,  for  fruit  nr  Huwera.     Bronis  tidy  or  key-buket, 
ed  with  i^rsen.     Wbite  CAnoe,  ihowing  dilbrent  loit* 
of  wood.     Uodal  for  a  baby-Unen  baaket. 

33 


34     F»0«r.  He(jht,  n  Balilioiu  Ptaee,  Oxford  Sirtet— 
Hanufactarer, 
SpeciraaiiA  of  bathwater  and  «laaai  apparatui. 


35   Stits»,  Chableii.  &SoN«,iaur™«*w-*,BcoH(o*i — 

Inveaton  and  Uanuhaturen. 

Tot^lint,  with  a  view  of  Scone  Pllaoe  and  pattern, 

Jlurtmy  tartan.     Lady's  work-boi,  with  a  view  of  Bal- 

mocsl  and  patten.  Royal  Stuart  tartan.     Knittins-boi 


box.      Snofi'-boi,   inlaid   with    various    wondu 

loi,  with  pattern.  Royal  Stuart  tuton;  Buuff-buiea  of 

paithdgc-wood  and  Auiboj^a-WDod. 


36  ADmH,  OmaaE,  6  fc  T  St.  Andrea  Street,  DaUin— 
Manufacturer. 

DraauogoBM,  nuwle  of  Irish  bog  yew,  &om  the  county 
«f  Kildaiv.  The  silver  Ettings  from  the  Sugenure  niiaes, 
oonnty  of  Wicklow.     Improved  sitver-litted  drcesiog-case. 

Commandel  wood  writing  deak,  the  top  represents  a 
laopard  hunt,  and  the  front  a  tiger  hunt.  Coromandol 
mod  rogencjr  d«k,  inlaid  with  brass,  mother-of-pearl, 
■nd  diOannt  coloured  sheila, 

Ruwi*  and  norocoo  leather  wrilJQg'baies,  and  cases. 
Vonxxo  leather  buckgaminon  boxes,  gilt,  varied  nine, 
pattcma.  and  cotoum.  Horocco  leather  despatch  box. 
Pocket  luoks,  brush  cases,  roll -up  dressing  cues,  ftc. 


37  Best,  Tbos.,  3  St.  M^inji  ffo«,  Birmin,jham— 

Manu  fut'turer. 
Oentlemui's  fancy  Iwither  dressing-oases.  Russia 
loather  double  writing-csde.  Ladies'  fancy  leather  work 
reticute  and  dressing-case  combined;  ludivn'  reticules. 
Student's  companion,  notJ^-csse.  Ladies' cBnl-casei ;  alid 
-with  tablet,  imitation  of  inlaid  tortoise -shell.  Qeutlemen's 
card  and  cigar  cases.  Ladies' companions.  Fucket-booka, 
■nd  bill  And  bankers'  caiKt.  Spectacle-cases,  fancy  leather. 
"Wnting-deak. 

38  Hatwood,  M.,  J*i™.'".;Anni— Manufacturer. 
Fishing  tackle,  in  great  variety. 

tt,  Hull — Inventor 


The  Hull  safety  oil-lamp,  combining  lantern  and  lamp. 
The  fiame  is  pruteclcd  by  n  ^Ihs«,  oh  the  top  of  which  is 
K  wire-gauge  cone,  to  proveut  the  action  of  the  air  in 
dnughto,  &c. 

Iron  rkalo,  made  by  Vita.  Grantham,  which  runs  on 
/our  small  fiuteil  wheels. 

40  ROMELi.  Robrht.  T„uItuI.jc  WcSlt,  Kmt— 

Inventor  und  MaDuToctiuvr. 
Tunbridge   ware   marquctrie    iuliud    buly'a  work-box, 
Btted  with  a  till,  &c.    Uade  in  the  Oothic  style,  and 
■howing  native  wouda. 

41  HOLLAXBT,  HeSHT,    Timhrilje   Wctit — 

Manufacturer. 

Work-box  and  writing-desk,  specimens  ofmoHaJc  inlaid 
Tunbtidf^  ware. 

SpMnwns  of  English  and  foreign  woods,  with  which 
IhaM  artielM  an  inlaid. 


42  Strouwicb,  Thohab,  14  Xck  BokI  Strai— 
Manufacturer. 
Yew-tree  writing-L>oi,  litted  with  ebony,  bronxe  an- 
tique mountjngs.  Codiu-  of  Lebanon  dreasing-tase  with 
silver  fittings,  hinges,  locks,  Ac.  Yew-tree  dreuing- 
CBse  with  Elinbethon  silver  fittings  and  omomenta. 
Ebony  box  with  medieval  moimts.  Ebony  library  ink- 
■tand,  with  ailver  taper-atand  and  ink-glaasaa. 


44    Lbdchaiu,  William,  38  ricaiiiillu — Inventor  and 
Manufacturer. 

Lady's  dressing-case  of  walnut -wood,  the  exterior 
mounted  in  the  mediaeval  stylo,  in  pierced  solid  silver, 
enriched  with  gilt  knoba  and  pins,  and  relieved  with  caa> 
nel  ooal;  the  interior  fitted  with  massive  chaaed  ailver 
tops,  parcel  gilt,  and  a  n«w-pattam  of  swing  glaaa  in  B 
silver  frame. 

This  dreasing-DAM  ix  rept«aentod  in  the  aunaxed  cut. 


Gentleman's  dreaaing-caae,  of  morocco  leather,  fitted 
with  silver  tops,  engraved  in  a  high  style  of  art. 

Travelling  tea-equipage  for  two  persons,  in  a  morocoo 
esse.  Morocco  leather  deHpatch-bui  writing-desk,  cf  a 
new  pattern,  with  a  registered  lock.  Morocco  leather 
wt  de  voyage,  reticule,  and  other  articles. 


45     Mdchi,  J.  J.,  4  Leadmhull  SIrcdl — Manufacturer. 

Dressing-cases,  work-boxes,  writing-desks,  tea-ch^U, 
and  elegancies  for  presentation. 

An  ornamental  dnMsing-case  with  handsome  gililiugs  and 
every  requisite.     This  is  repreaento-l  in  the  cut  (p.  79:!.) 


6  Ihm 


—Manufacturer. 


47  HiSB,  Jose™,  5  Ski.,a.-r  /*/-.«,  n.,lhy^y— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Cobinet  work  of  ebony,  inlaid  with  various  coloured 
pesris,  tortoise-shull,  Ac.  Writing-dftik  omoiiientod  with 
various  subjects  and  figures.  Inlaid  llegency  do«k.  In- 
laid work-lioies,  with  various-coloured  |warl»,  tortoise- 
Khell,  Ac.  BuLl  clock  cue,  t«p  supported  by  four  [learl 
pillan,  Ac. 

48  Daltoh.  Thor.,  85  llofcnl  Wrcrt— Inventor. 
Combined    n-riting-desk,   dreaaing-caaB,    and    dispatch 

box.     Small  dressing -e.i*e. 

49  Ll-C«,  Francis,  B  .?(.  JiAaU  Hired  Road, 

Chrten  r«r//— Manufacturer. 

Solid  rosewood  inipraved  folding  wing  meilicine  cliul. 

50  Abpbev,  Charles,  liifi  AVt  //m,/  S(r^/— Inventor, 

Dexigner,  and  M.-uiufacturer, 
Lodicti'  dressing-case,  ju  a  ■ivcimrn  i<f  rare  w'kmI,  sur- 
mounteil  with  a  new  <li--ign,  di-«;riptivo  of  Neptuue'a 
attributes,  and  n  shield  ill  centre,  with  name  "  Annir  "  in 
ciphiTu,  entwine-],  the  whcle  cxeeutnl  in  chAsed  and  gilt 
orm-ilu.  Secret  compartments  fur  aovercigns,  neUa, 
Jewellaiy,  Ac.    The  fittinga  fonn  a  complete  aot  In  out 


Clam  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANTJPACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Thasbept  Gallebt. 


KiyoDOM.j      Clam  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

NoRTU  Transept  Gallery. 


79;3 


glaw,  with  massive  silver  tope,  each  bearing  the  same 
name.  A  set  of  ivory  brushes,  for  hair,  cloth,  and 
velvet,  and  a  pearl-mouuted  shoe-lift,  poll  and  mouth 
glass,  all  bearing  the  same  name  in  relief.  The  cutlery 
and  other  instruments,  in  white  cornelian  handles, 
mounted  in  gold,  with  the  turquoise,  &c.,  representing 
the  "  Forget-me-not;"  and  the  linings  of  silk  velvet. 
This  dressing-case,  with  the  inkstand  and  the  ebony 
casket  named  below,  are  represented  in  Plate  17. 

Writing  desk  in  tortoiseshell  buhl,  worked  in  an 
original  design,  emblematical  of  ftJoonry;  the  interior 
arranged  with  various  conveniences,  and  lined  with  sandal 
wood.  Blotting-book,  in  silk  velvet,  with  silk  linings, 
surmounted  wiUi  a  new  design,  chased  and  gilt,  in  bold 
relief. 

Casket,  of  new  design,  in  gilt  ormolu,  and  chased, 
having  four  allegorical  figures  representing  Europe,  Asia, 
Africa,  and  America,  with  a  rare  specmien  of  blood- 
stone, en  tuite  with  the  blotting-book. 

Stand,  in  chased  ormolu,  surmounted  with  ink -glass  in 
artistic  vase,  with  two  figures  blowing  horns,  forming  a 
pen -rest  and  mounting  a  companion  blood-stone,  en  suite 
with  the  preceding.     Kopresented  in  Plate  17. 

Ebony  casket,  of  unique  design,  arranged  with  serpents 
u|^ldm^  a  choice  collection  ox  antique  corals;  the  feet, 
handles,  Key,  &c.,  being  intricately  worked  out.  Re- 
presented in  Plate  17. 

Jewel  casket  or  cabinet,  finished  in  or-molu,  set  with 
malachite,  arranged  with  drawers  and  folding  doors,  pierced 
and  chased  in  relief.  This  jewel  cabinet  is  represented  in 
the  annexed  cut  (p.  792). 

Casket  envelope  case,  in  chased  work,  gilt,  ornamented 
with  malnchitos,  in  pierced  engraved  mounts. 

Blotting-book  designed  and  mounted  en  s*titi\  Ink- 
stand and  card  and  pen  trays,  designed  and  mounted  en 
suite.     Tazza  candlesticks  and  taper  stand,  en  suite. 

Indicator,  with  rottuy  motion,  showing  the  mouth,  the 
days  of  the  week,  and  dates  at  one  view,  dciiigiieil,  and 
mounted  en  suite. 

Match  box,  designed  and  fiuiHhed  en  snito.  Ebony 
envelojM  \h>x,  conveniently  an-nnged  and  dunnounted 
with  a  new  de.iigu,  in  tlrtt,  cha-sed,  luid  j>iorcod  work,  gilt. 
CIuttiuj^-lKMjk,  niuiinttxl  and  (iuLslietl  en  suite.  Writiiig- 
caiie,  in  red  Kusriia  leather,  with  inluiil  handle  and  (Kitent 
lock,  engraved  and  gilt,  with  secret  draw«i*rt,  Sec. 

Plain  morocco  ca»c,  or  cju'riago  bucket,  eoitibining  a 
dretiriiug corfe,  withnilver  fittingM,  t^ilt  in8idc.  Inoklng-Kl^^^> 
cutlery,  Ac,  a  writing-caste  fitted  with  Htationery,  blotting- 
bot)k,  [>en  and  pajwr  knife,  penholder,  i>encil,  j>api'!r,  scls- 
sorif,  ftc,  a  box  with  nandwich  case,  liquem*  bottle  and 
jff'uw  glass,  knife,  fork,  Hj>oon,  &c.,  a  bru8h-c(u»e,  with  set 
of  bnuheii  and  combs  complete,  a  jewel-case  completely 
arranged,  secret  drawer  for  cash,  account  book,  and 
journal,  an  ink -box  with  patent  ink  and  light,  trays,  &c., 
arrangements  for  needlework,  netting,  and  crochet, 
sketch  book  and  pencils. 

51     Jouss,  Oeobge  E.,  3  Atdcnnanhnry — Designer  and 

Mimufiicturcr. 
Toilet  box,  and  octagonal -Hliapod  work-box,  of  English 
design,   materialri,   and   workniniidhip ;    uumufactured  of 
{Killer  imd  embroidered  8:itiii. 

r>2  TcBRiLL,  John,  52  AVfc  Domi  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Portable  writing-desk  and  recej)taclo  for  private  papers 
.and  money. 

.%;{  Sturgeon,  Harriett,  180  J/ii/h  Uvlhjm — Producer. 
Vase  of  dowers,  made  friim  feathers,  by  an  amateur. 

.'►4       Clive,  J.  H.,  Tan^f'ilt,  .S7<//yrd!s/iiVc*— Producer. 
A  ballestiua  and  chest  expander. 


't'}     Langdalk.  Ki>waui>  F.,  8;J  Uj'/^r  Tfntines  Street, 
awl  Wl  Frith  Street,  S<>hn  -  Msuiuf.icturrr, 
S|>ecimonrt  of  |»crfuineH  -  extr.'u;t:<  of  millelleur.-^,  violeU<, 
mignionutto,  natohouly,  ciinKJiv,   heliotrope,  jiu^iiiin,   flour 
d'orange,   auu  lavender.      Sampled  of  "oHrjontial  oil  of 


brandy,"  '*  oil  of  pears,"  and  "  oil  of  pine  apple,"  for 
distillation,  flavouring  confectionery,  and  summer  be- 
verages.   

56    Down,  John,  Moat  Row,  Birmingham — ^Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
Wax  fruit.     Table  of  original  design  and  manufactui'e. 


57  Stirling,  C.  M.,  Kipyenross,  Dunblane,  Scotland — 

Designer. 
Impressions  of  single  leaves  by  means  of  lamp-black 
and  oil,  representing,  on  a  large  scale,  the  peculiar  growths 
of  forest  trees. 

58  Arthur,  Mart  S.,  QUtsgow — Producer. 
Vase  of  artificial  flowers. 


59    Jackson,  Euzareth,  Knst  Bank  Street,  SotUhport — 

Inventor  and  Producer. 
Delicate  vase  of  artificial  flowers ;   the  sole  invention 
and  work  of  the  exhibitor,  a  fisherman's  wife. 


60      Perry,  J.,  1  and  2  Victoria  Place,  Ramagate — 

Producer. 
Vase  of  shell  flowers. 


61  Temple,  Emily,  46  Connawjht  Terrace — Producer. 
Wax  flowers  and  foliage  modelled  from  nature. 

62  SuGDEN,  BoRRAS,  &  Co.,  12  Aldcnnanbury — 

Manufacturers. 
Artificial  flowers.     Feathera  for  ladies*  bonnets,  and 
head-dresses  of  British  manufacture. 


63  Strickland,  Maria,  8  New  Bond  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
The  "  Victoria  Regia,"  in  its  various  stages  of  develop- 
ment, with  each  side  of  leaf  modelled  to  nature.  Koses. 
all  copies  from  nature.  Opal  vase,  filled  with  various 
flowers.  Cut  glass  vase,  with  flowers.  Model  of  the 
night-blowing  Cereus  and  other  Cacti.  Variety  of  orchi- 
doceoiui  plants,  &c. 

[The  Victvrid  reijin  la  a  water-lily  of  extraordinary  beauty, 
inhabiting  the  still  rivoi-s  of  tropiciil  America,  where  itn 
seeds  are  eaten  like  maize.  It  first  producc<l  its  flowci-s 
at  Chatsworth.  in  1849.  They  occupy  two  days  in  fully 
unfolding,  and  ore  deliciously  fragi-ant.  The  leaven  ai-e 
so  buoytmt  as  to  be  capable  of  bearing  the  weight  of  a 
full-grown  man  and  boy  when  standing  on  them. — J.  L.J 

64  Slaughan,  Elizabeth,  87  Gloucester  Tetrace, 

Cimnan  Street  Road — Producer. 

Round  shade  filled  with  roses,  imitated  in  wax,  in  an 
alabaster  vase,  cntwine<l  with  wild  and  bower  roses. 

Four  shades,  with  national  motto  in  Forget-me-nots  and 
rose-buds,  modelled  in  wax;  intended  to  be  placed  round 
the  large  shade  of  roseu. 

65  Kiddiford,  Jani-::,  14  C%rU't/  Street,  Westminster — 

Designer  and  Mjumfucturer. 
Group  of  hand-cut  rice-paiKjr  flowers, 

66  IIandolpii,  Wiluelmina,  55  Marsham  Street, 

Westminster — Producer. 
Specimens  of  plants  and  cut  flowers,  copied  fnuu  na- 
ture; prepared  with  feathers  of  various  hues,  without  dye 
or  tinting;  by  an  amateur. 


<)7     PURSEY,  W.  11.,  14  Spriiuf  Street,  Sussex  Ganlens, 

l\  nil  liwjttjfi —  I*n  k1  ucer . 
ImitjitioUH  of  flowers,  cut  in  vegetables,  and  chemically 
preserved,  for  garnish. 

{)H     Cox,  John.  (Uwyie  Mills,  F.dinfmnjh — Maiinf;u.'tincr. 

S.'unp1tM  of  retiucd  s{iarklinijr  gelatine  of  vju-ioim  kinds, 
an<l  f^hio. 

Pair  of  safety  swimming  stinrkingH,  and  Miifcty  nwim- 
ming  swan;  to  assist  jiersous  in  eacajiing  fr<im  shipwreck. 


794 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Tbansept  Gallery. 


^Unitbd 


69      BURCH  8c  Son,  32  Piatt  Terrace,  St.  Pancras^ 

Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  lead  pencils. 


70        MiNTORN,  John  H.  Horatio,  Elizabeth,  and 
Rebecca,  36  Soho  Square — Designers  and  Manu- 
facturers. 
Flowers  modelled  in  wax,  showing  their  applicability 
as  ornaments  for  the  drawing-room,  &c. 

Rare  and  curious  botanical  specimens  modelled  in  wax 
from  life,  showing  their  growing  state,  and  exhibiting 
the  varieties  and  phases  of  their  existence. 


71  Maguibe,  Wm.  John,  5  Chenies  Street,  Bedford 

Square — Manufacturer. 
Flowers  made  from  dyed  feathers,  used  for  decoration. 

72  HosKiNOS,  Ann,  7  Langthom  Place,  Stratford 

— Manufacturer. 
Basket  of  wax  fruit.    Dishes  of  wax  pastry  and  vege- 
tables.   

73  Gatti,  Augustine  &  Gabparo,  28  Bridge  Road, 

Lambeth;    and  20   Coppice    Bow,    Clerkenwell — 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Artificial  cluster  of    sweet  peas,   made  from  white 
muslin  and  velvet,  each  piece  shaded  separately. 

Flowers  made  of  paper,  and  preparations  for  the  same. 
Patterns  of  articles  used  in  making  artificial  flowers 
of  British  manufacture,  comprising  every  colour  and  de- 
scription of  material,  and  showing  the  same  both  before 
and  after  being  made  up  into  flowers. 

74  Foster,  Son,  &  Duncum,  16  Wigmore  Street — 

Manufacturers. 
Various  specimens  of  the  principal  articles  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  artificial  flowers.  Specimens  of  artificial 
flowers,  in  the  dififerent  stages  illustrative  of  the  manufac- 
ture; in  vases;  and  arranged  as  ornaments  for  the  head 
dress,  &c.  Specimens  of  ostrich  feathers.  Muff  and 
tippet,  manufsiictured  from  the  paddy  or  marabout  feather. 

75  EwABT,  Henbietta,  Bath  Place,  New  Road,  and 
Ampthill  Square,  Hampstead  Road — ^Manufacturer. 

Vases  of  wax  flowers  and  plants. 

76  Pope,  W.,  BHdge  Street,  ^xrttfr— Manufectiirer. 
Various  specimens  of  felt,  &c. 

77  DoBVELL,  Elizabeth,  199  Oxford  Street — 

Inventor. 
Wax  flowers  for  ornaments,  exhibited  for  tinting  and 
modelling.  

78  Chisholxe,  Ehma,  29  Edward  Street, 

Hampstead  i?oa(^Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  wax  flowers. 

79  Lemare,  Jane  Clara,  11  Cowley  Terrace, 

North  Brixton — ^Manufacturer. 
Sheets  of  wax  for  modelling  flowers.     The  raw  mate- 
rial, in  three  different  stages.      Also,  a  small  group  of 
flowers,  showing  the  application  of  the  waxen  sheets. 

80  Fisheb,  Joseph,  3  Crippkgatc  Buildings — 

Manufacturer. 
Hawthorn  or  May-tree,  and  other  British  manufactured 
artificial  flowers.   

81  Habdino  &  Standfast,  83  Ifatton  Garden — 

Inventors. 
Bonnet  made  of  feathers,  uniting  warmth  and  light- 
ness, and  being  at  the  same  time  porous  and  waterproof. 
Artificial  flowers  of  English  manufacture. 

82  J0NE8,  Xhabella  B.,  22  St,  George's  Road, 

Notting  /TiV^— Modeller. 
Group  of  wax  flowers,  from  nature. 


83  Callow  St  Son,  Park  Lane — ^Manu&cturen. 
A  variety  of  gig  whips. 

84  Skill,  Rebecca,  79  Warwick  Street,  Pimlioo^ 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  wax  flowers.  These  are  composed  of  che- 
mical substances,  resisting  rough  treatment,  and  enduring 
for  a  length  of  time.  Basket  of  flowers;  vase  containing 
a  bouquet;  and  a  glass  dish  with  water  and  plant.  Spe- 
cimens of  the  materials  employed. 

Three  rustic  ornaments  in  gutta  percha. 

85  MiEBS,  W.  J.,  15  Lamb*s  Conduit  Passage,  Bed  Lum 

Square — ManiifactureiB. 
Specimens  of  ornamental  letters. 

86  Fielbeb,  Wm.  E.,  10  Upper  Portland  Placs, 

Wandsworih  Road^Msker. 
Qroup  of  wax  flowers. 

87  HooL,  Mabt— Producer. 
Flowers  made  of  feathers. 


87a    Qoino,  J.,  &  Co.,  Clonmel,  /rg/omf— ManiifafftnrBia. 
Pale  yellow  and  white  soap,  exhibited  for  quality. 

88        Stanton,  Mabt,  19  Noel  Street,  Itlm^tai^— 

Manufiicturer. 
Wax  flowers,  in  vases. 


89  Edwabds,  Thomas  Jeteb,  21  Kvng  Street,  HoUborw— 

Manufacturer. 
Various  dressing  cases. 

90  Bbien,  C,  Z>ti6/«pi — ^Manufacturer. 
Clarified  tallow  candles. 


91    Dixon,  Qboboe,  1  &  2  Upper  Erne  Street, 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  composite  candles.  Improved  mould  (tallow) 
candles,  with  waxed  wicks.    Household  bo^. 


92  MoBBELL,  Joseph,  Darlington  High  Row, 

Inventor  and  ManuDebcturer. 
Marbled  tallow  candles,  which  bum  without  muflBfl^ 
and  emit  an  agreeable  peifume  during  combustion. 

93  Oalton,   Mabt  Ann,  56    Upper  CharMU  Street, 

Fitzroy  Square,  and  26  Hermes  Street,  Peniomeilk^ 
Designer  and  Manufactiurer. 
Sofrano  standard  rose-tree,  mignionette.    Modelled  Ib 
wax.  

94  Mitchell,  Obaham  Alezandeb,  Whiibwn, 

Linlithgotoshire — ^Producer  and  Inventor. 

Samples  of  \'inegar,  with  a  specimen  of  the  plant  which 
produces  it. 

Specimens  of  mineral  candles. 

Specimens  of  a  chemical  composition  for  jnesei  ving 
houses  from  damp. 

95  Jones,  W.  Henbt,  Rev.,  M.A.,  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 

and  Chailey,  near  Lewes,  Sussex — Inventor  and 
Patentee. 

The  acolyte;  or  patent  safety  candle-cu>.  The  use  of 
this  instrument  with  lighted  candles,  while  increamng 
the  light  and  lessening  the  consumptioi^  serves  to  pc«- 
vent  the  waste  and  discomfort  occaaioned  by  tneir 
swaling  or  guttering,  and  overflowing,  in  draughts  or 
motion.  The  acolyte  is  also  available  for  csriTing  a 
shade. 

The  invention  consists  in  the  combination  of  a  "oaD** 
of  metal  (ns  a  heat-conducting  substance)  regulating  the 
supply  to  the  wick,  with  a  "guide"  of  glass  (as  a  non- 
conductor of  heat)  maintaining  its  perpendicidarity  with- 
out communicating  heat  so  as  to  melt  the  lower  part  of 
th«  candle;  as  exhibited  in  the  cuts  on  the  next  lisge,  in 


\ 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTCBES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 
NoBTH  Transept  Gali,ebt. 


In  the  oommoner  dBecriptions,  giiitablo  for  rlipped 
omdlw,  a  lising  of  planter  of  Paris  is  aubrtituted  for  tho 
glau. 

The  acolTte  thua  formed,  placed  on  a  lighted  candle, 
iteaceads  by  iM  own  weight  ah  the  candle  biima,  and  may 
1^  ...^  -^.l.  .K.  1....  _ .  -r  a  ^^^i^  j,y  ^,,g  ^^  ^f 


02         GoWEB,  T.,  Gun  7^w,  St.  SUphm'i,  Nonrvk— 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Lemonade,  prupored  from  vegetable  i 


jDnn'iPUcnt  Acolyu. 


96     KlUT,  Bkaed,  &  Co.,  Ptpit,  Cimiwn  Slrcft.  City 
— .Manufactu  ren . 

Ptu,  thehead  and  abaft  beiug  all  of  one  piece.  Hanu- 
faetund  rt  Olouceater. 

Needles;  having  pierced  eyea ;  and  flab  hooka,  aiiitod  for 
banie  or  abroad,  tar  river  or  aca  flahing.  Manufactured 
*X  CrendoQ,  fiuckingbamnhtre. 


97 


Sa-weix,  Edwarh,  PiI\ 


—Inventor  and 


Odnriferoiu  liRbten.  for  i^iting  tnpera.  Ituaps,  kc., 
and  nfreabing  t  he  attnoapbere  of  aick-uhambvrB,  nurW' 
riea,  amoking-rooma,  hx. 

99         Hajj^  W.  3.,  73  (?iw™  AVrrrt— Manufiiotiirer. 

Sp«cinien  of  ateario  acid,  and  of  the  tallow  from  which 
it  ta  made.  Candlca.  roanufnctiinsl  from  atoaric  acid, 
bard,  and  not  atTected  by  the  heat  of  any  climate. 
Coropoaite  candlea,  mi«Ie  from  at«mo  acid  of  tallow  and 
eocoa-nut  oil.     Buxoa  of  night  lighta. 

[ITpwarda  of  two  million  five  hundred  thouftanil  poods 
nf  tallow  are  annually  imported  into  Great  BriUiti  from 
Rnaaia  alone,  which  are  devol«iI  to  the  manufacture  of 
•nap  and  candles.  Tallow  candlen,  together  with  the 
ruore  coatly  article*,  wai  an<I  aperraaecti  candles,  have 
been  to  a  Urgu  extent  rc-ploced  by  atennnc  CHndlcR.  To 
11.  Gay  Lnaaac  ia  due  the  crvdit  of  the  appUcation  r>f 
p'hiloaophic  chciniHtry  in  tbia  iiiHtance  to  the  huuiblur 
aflain  of  life.  Slairine  is  prepared  by  repurifying 
tallow  by  means  of  lime,  and  then  acting  on  the  com- 
pound with  dilute  sulphuric  acid.  It  is  tlitin  comprcnsad 
bj  hydraulic  foive,  which  ci|>cla  the  oily  conatituents 
of  the  tallow,  and  leaven  behind  a  hard  aemi  cryatal- 
liiie  aubatance;  this  U  fused  and  ran  into  moulds,  and 
ia  then  fit  for  use  in  the  candle  maim  fact  urc,  A 
paculiar  kind  of  wick  ia  commonly  iiaal  in  candk'K  moils 
of  this  substance,  and  they  dn  not  requint  anulGng. 
Araenioua  acid  v-aa  formerly,  aud  niay  poasibly  still  he, 
introilaced  into  stearine  CHndlcn,  with  a  view  of  pro- 
moting their  aoliilification.— R.  V..] 


101 


I.,  IS  Bmi'ifl  /.nnc— ManufacI 
finmpi'*  of  im|>rovei1  fiisem. 


«,  &  Co.,  Producom. 
process   of   the   manufoctur 
,   from  the   raw   materia!   to 


103        Graham,  Lh 

Sjjeoimens    of  the 
lozenges   and   c 
Snished  atate. 

Samples    of  confectionery.     Samples  of  plain,  fancj 
double  strong,  and  medicated  lozongee.  &o. 

104- 


BOLAND,  PatbiCx,  1,13  Captt  StrtH,  BMin- 
ManiiTacturer. 
Various  sorts  of  bisciuts  and  cakos. 


— Inventora  and  Manufsctnrera, 
Soda  water~"aingle,"  and  "double."    Introduced  in 
1800,  by  the  late  Roliert  Perceval,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Professor 
of  Chemistry  in  the  Univeraity  of  Dubliii. 


O;     ff/OSJOlP 


106  WOTHEBBPOON.  JaMES,  &  C 

Manufacturers, 

Peppermint,  lemon,  rose,  musk,  lavender,  ginger,  and 

caj-ennelojengea;  comEta,  almonds,  carmways,  and  Scotch 

multures,  mode  by  patent  machinery  driven  by  steam 

power, 

107 

Various  fancy  biscuits,  made  by  steam  machinery;  tha 
biscuits  beiug  mixed,  rolled,  cut  out,  and  conveyed  to  the 
ovens  without  kncAding  the  dough,  aa  in  the  ordinary 

108       Leaie  &  Albrgtht,  *  Lichfield  Street,  Soho — 
Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Confectioners'  cake  moulds,  in  three  parts,  each  formed 
from  a  single  sheet  of  copper.     Ci^e  and  jelly  moulds  of 
dilferent  dci^igns.     Jelly  mould,  desired  and  registered 
by  Messrs.  Mcllonus,  Temple,  and  Reynolds. 


Samples  of  loiengci  and  other  confections,  &c. 


no  LdcaS,  G.— Manufacturer. 

Lozciigea  and  other  comGta, 

111       TiDMARSii,  R.,  -A  Jnmnir.,  Rn<e,  lirnmiidsty— 
Invrntor  and  Manufacturer. 

Aromatic  cnchous,  a  aniiill  silvered  pill  or  comfit,  for 
prwliieini;  an  ogreeable  warmth  aud  flavour. 

Aromatic  paatilcs,  for  smoking. 

Fumigating  paatiloa. 

1  ]  2     OuHTiai,  RicnAHP,  M-lcmh  flrirl,  mid  Loinuln 
SInfl.  l:d'ir„rr  .«7iiort--Manufacturer. 
Spocimuns  ol  bride-cakes. 

13  IIunBABD,  II.  B.,  /(.iter  Utrett,  EnfeJd— 

Manufacturer. 
Gingerbread   nuts    and  gingerbread,  said  to  keep   for 

114    SCHOOLLSO,  Hknbt,  7  y-rlh  .'••iJ.;  Itcthnil  (;rn»-~ 

M-imfneturCT. 

Jujuliea,  of  various  fliivoun,  and  crcstnllirfd.    pBi<til>v; 

ixed  and  ornamental  confectionery.     L'hoonlntit  slifkB, 

drops,  and  caken.    Oelaline  for  printing,  wrapping,  and 

uiuUB  other  purposes. 

1 5  Wabiiick  BBomrBs.  n  anrlict  inn~- 

Hanufacturerv- 
Jiy'iibea.  loEongM,  and  other  conreetiorwry. 


706 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES.         [United 

North  Tkansept  GALiiERY. 


IIG       Vine,  Richard,  10  King  Street,  Borowjh — 
DoHigiier  and  Manufacturer. 
A  bride-cake,  onuunented  with  gugai*  icing  by  piping. 

117  Burton,  H.,  II nnjystca J— Vroduccr. 

British  insects,  preserved. 


118  R1CHARD8,  R.,  21  Tnuhi-ithjc  Place,  New  Road-- 

Manufacturer. 
Various  fishing  nets. 

119  Kbogh,  Henry,  22  GWtert  Street,  Groavenor  Sqitarc — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Composition  set  of  dessert  omaiuontH  of  eight  pieces, 
in  white  and  gold.    Composition  centre  table  ornaments 
in  white  and  gold. 

1*20    Farrell,  Richard  H.,  35  LatM  Ccndnit  Street — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Table  ornaments  for  confectioners  in  plaster  of  Paris, 
gilt.     Locomotive  engine  in  wax.     Church  in  wax,  on  a 
rock.     Palm  tree  and  elephant,  on  a  rock,  and  giraffes,  in 
grained  sugar. 

121  Spbatt,  Isaac,  1  Brook  Street,  Hanover  Square-^ 

Proprietor. 
The  game  of  "  cockamaroo,"  improved.    Model  hay- 
cart.  

122  MoNTANARi,  Augusta,  29  Upper  Charlotte  Street, 

Fitzroy  Square — ^Manufacturer. 
Model  wax  dolls,  the  hair  being  inserted  into  the  head, 
eyelashes,  and  eyebrows,  and  varying  in  size,  &c. 

123  Lascelles,  J.  W.,  Lkerpool — Producer. 
Model  of  Mansion-house.     Flies  for  fishing. 


1 24  BoucHET,  A.,  74  Baker  Street,  Portman  Square — 

Producer. 
Animated  and  musical  tableau,  representing  the  Great 
Exhibition  and  people  of  all  nations.  Panoptic  polyrama. 
Evening  games.  Knight  in  armour,  complete,  with  horse 
caparisoned.  Armorial  trophies  and  Saracen  armour. 
Balloon.     Various  mechanical  toys.     Dolls  and  shops. 

125  Blackmore,  Mart,  1  Bosnman^s  Buildings,  Islington 

Green — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Artificial  flower-plant,  formed  of  beads  strung  on  wire; 
intended  as  an  ornament  for  the  drawing-room. 

120    Spumn,  E.  C,  37  New  Bond  6'/r<?e«— Designer. 

Mechanical  toy  model  of  an  EInglish  farm,  with  figures, 
threshing-machine,  windmill,  &c.,  in  action. 

**  Gulliver  in  Lilliimt."  ModeUed  by  A.  Fleishmonn, 
of  Sonnebei^,  near  Cobui^. 

127  Lucas,  Henrt,  8  Bgoad  Court,  Long  Acre — 

Manufacturer. 
Progressive  garden  rocking-horse. 

128  Dear,  John  Cox,  101  Bishitpsgate  Without— 

Manufacturer. 
Rocking-horse  of  wood,  carved  and  shaped,  with  leather 
trappings  and  saddle  to  shift  for  boy  or  girl.    Walking- 
sticks,  carved. 

129  Short,  J.,  Wallington,  i^Mrrn/— Manufacturer. 
Essential  oils  of  peppermint  and  lavender. 

130  Beanet,  Thomas,  St.  Leonards-on-Sca — 

Manufacturer. 

Assortment  of  arrows,  inlaid  by  machinery,  with  foreign 
womlfl  of  various  colours. 

A  kilcc,  or  boomerang,  similar  to  that  used  by  the 
natives  of  Australia. 

[The  boomerang,  or  woomerong,  is  a  weapon  of  offence, 
used  by  the  aboriginal  Australian.  It  is  thrown  from 
the  hand,  not  at  the  object  intended  to  be  struck,  but 


into  the  air  with  a  revolving  motion,  to  a  heij^ht  of  60 
or  80  ftHii,  from  which  it  descends  upon  the  object  to 
which  it  had  been  directed  with  the  force  of  a  falling 
body,  which  is  generally,  in  the  case  of  this  weapoD,  suf- 
ficient to  disable,  if  not  to  kill,  whilst  it  is  exceedingly 
difficult  to  watch  its  course  and  avoid  the  blow. — W.  H.] 

Regit<tei*cd  duplex  iron  rest  for  a  turning  lathe,  on  a 
new  principle.       

131  H0LI4AND,  Henrt,  Ihtridn  Street,  Birmingham — 

Inventor  and  Manu^M^urer. 
Umbrella  frame;  Holland's  patent  perlevia,  expanded; 
weight,  when  covered,  9  oimces.  This  frame  shows  the 
action  under  the  jircssure  of  wind.  The  perlevis  ribs, 
showing  their  elasticity ;  card,  showing  procnascw  of 
manufacture ;  parasol  perlevis  frames. 

132  Stears,  S.,  Briggate,  /.Mib— Mannfiustimr* 
The  "Princess  Royal"  parasol. 

133  WiuBON  &  Matheson,  Candleriggs  Street,  Glaagom — 

Manufacturen. 
New  portable  umbrellas,  which  can  be  folded  iro  and 
put  into  a  small  bag,  and  the  handle  used  M  a  walking- 
stick.  

134  Waddington  &  Sons,  1  Coleman  Street — 

Manufacturers. 
Patent  perlevis  parasols  and  umbrellas. 


135  Slaek,  WnuAX,  67  Burlington  Arcade — 

Manufacturer. 
Improved  umbrellas.  Lady's  paraiiol  driving  whip, 
uMule  of  ground  rattan,  very  efastio;  Ufe-preaenren, 
whiiM,  &c.  Ladv*s  riding-whip  made  of  India-lubber, 
mounted  with  gold  and  turquoise.  Penang  sword-cane. 
Steel  foil  covennl  with  leather,  forming  a  weapon  of  de- 
fence. Improved  spare  driving  whip  thongs.  Ladiesi'  and 
gentlemen's  riding  whips  of  improved  mountings,  sorted. 
Railway  calls  and  dog  whips. 

136  Sangster,  Wm.  &  John,  140  Begeni  Strmi^> 

Manufacturers  and  I'atenteee. 
New  patent  ])ai'asol,  so  constructed  that  it  can  be  cloMd 
by  a  slight  pressure  of  the  finger.  The  application  of 
feathers  as  an  ornament  to  parasols.  Ptoisols  corered 
with  rich  embroidered  satins  and  guipiire  lace,  carved 
ivory  handleH  inlaid  with  gold  and  enamelled.  Specimeni 
of  alpaca  as  applied  to  parasols  and  umbrellas — a  new 
material,  said  to  be  more  durable  than  silk.  Holland*! 
patent  light  silk  umbrella. 

137  Rutter,  John  &  William,  122  Cheapeide^ 

Manufacturers. 
Brown  walking  parasol.     Brown  glac^  silk  pansol, 
with  jointed  handle.    Satin  registered  parasol;  snd  a 
variety  of  others  with  ivory  handles. 

138  Mitchell,  J.,  Stonehaven,  Scotland— Vrodnoer, 
A  variety  of  small  wares. 

139  Oglkby,  Chas.,  &  Co.,  Paradise  Street,  Lamhetk — 

Manufacturer. 
Refined  spermaceti  in  block,  moulded  in  ornamental 
form.     Stearo-margaric  acid  in  block,  similarly  moulded. 
Candles  mantifactured  from  these  articles. 


140       Meyers,  Barnett,  18  Crouched  Friare — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  ash,  oak,  blackthorn,  crab,  mi^le,  chernr 
box,  and  of  Engliith  oak,  in  their  natund  state.  Th«* 
same  manufacturc<l  into  walking  sticks. 

Rattans,  imported  from  India,  as  from  Calcutta,  Singa- 
pore, Penang,  BataN-ia.  The  same  manofactiu^  into 
umbrella  and  parasol  cane  ribs  for  millinem'  \ue»  cap- 
makers, whip  and  chair-makers,  and  brush-makers.  A 
basket  made  of  cone.    A  chair  mado  of  cane. 


KiN-ODOM.]     Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUPACTUIIES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


797 


Carolina  reeds  from  America;  also  reeds  from  Spain, 
Ac.  Canes  from  China,  viz.,  wliite  bambooR,  black 
bamboos,  whangees,  doghead  canes,  fluted  bamboos,  jam- 
bees;  from  Singapore,  viz.,  small  ground  rattans,  large 
ground  rattans,  malaccas  and  dragons.  Mottled  bamboo 
fishing-rods,  and  jungle  bamboo  from  Calcutta.  Canes 
from  Manilla. 

Sticks  from  the  British  West  Indies,  viz.,  suple  jacks, 
pimentas,  cabbage  plants,  orange,  lemon,  coffee,  Indian 
briers.  A  case  of  mounted  canes  in  ivory,  silver,  gold, 
horn,  &c. 

A  chimney-sweeping  machine,  made  of  malacca  canes. 
Hunting  whips,  made  of  malacca  and  other  canes. 

A  specimen  of  English  watted  crab,  carved  very  cu- 
riously. Sword  sticks  and  canes.  Dart  sticks  and  canes. 
Pkt>tector8.  Portable  stools.  Registered  mitred  hook 
canes.    Spring  guard  sword-sticks. 

[Rattans  and  bamboo  canes  are  the  products  of  very 
different  kinds  of  plants;  the  former  being  stems  of  spe- 
cies of  palms,  the  latter  of  gigantic  grasses.  Both  are 
ftuniahed  from  tropical  Asia.  Rattans,  dragons,  and 
Peoang  lawyers  are  stems  of  various  species  of  Calamus, 
climbing  palms  which  hang  from  tree  to  tree  like  ropes,  in 
the  dense  forests  of  the  tropics,  and  bear  beautiful  pin- 
nated leaves.  Bamboos  and  whanghees  are  the  stems  of 
various  species  of  Bambusa,  enormous  arborescent  grasses 
that  grow  to  a  height  of  from  50  to  60  feet.  The  joints 
of  these  stems  are  exactly  of  the  nature  of  the  knots  on 
the  stalks  of  European  grasses.  Reeds  are  also  from 
grasses,  especially  the  Arundo  donax  (Spanish  reed).  Pi- 
mentos are  the  wood  of  Ewjenia  pimento,  the  Jamaica 
pepper  tree. — £.  F.] 

141  Lbwis  &  Allenbt,  193,  195,  and  197  Regent  Street 

— ^Designers  and  Proprietors. 

Pbrasol  of  novel  construction,  invented  by  J.  Owen, 
and  registered:  its  advantages  are  lightness  and  elegance 
(twelve  very  fine  ribs,  with  stretchers  proportionately 
small,  being  used,  instead  of  the  old  number  of  eight  of 
the  usual  thickness),  and  the  new  application  of  a  pinked 
lining. 

Parasol,  exhibiting  the  application  of  coverings  of  Irish 
guipure  lace,  made  at  Clones,  under  the  8ui)eriutendence 
of  MrH.  Hand. 

Brocaded  ribbons,  designed  by  A.  J.  Lewis,  manufac- 
tured at  Coventry. 

142  Linton,  W.,  Bdae — Producer. 
An  assortment  of  fishing  tackle. 


143  Cabpenteb,  John,  59  Church  Street,  Old  Kent  lioad 

— Producer. 
Walking-sticks,  cut  out  of  branches  of  trees  of  various 
descriptions  and  of  natural  growth,  car\'ed  and  engraved 
by  an  aged  gardener,  his  tools  being  his  pnmiug  kmfe  and 
a  file  for  finishing  off. 

144  PoRTEB,  W.,  Northampton — Producer. 
Rooking  boat. 

145  PiiEBTON,  Richard,  37  HujIMry  Vale,  Islington — 

Manufacturer. 
Walking-stick,  manufactured  from   root  of  hombean 
(the  Carpinus  betutus,  un  amentaceous  tree.) 


1 46    Bo«,  Isaac  Abraham,  6  liury  Street — Inventor, 
Patentee,  and  Mimufacturer. 

A  new  patent  parasol.  By  means  of  a  now  arrange- 
ment it  is  opened  or  shut  in  an  easy  manner. 

Travelling  umbrella,  wth  connected  folding  handle, 
for  the  convenience  of  packing  in  a  jvortmanteau.  Skele- 
ton frame,  uncovere<l.     Stiletto  and  frame. 

Flush  inlaid  spring  umbrella  frame,  with  novel  fasten- 
ing of  ribs,  stretchers,  open  cap,  &c.,  avoiding  rivets. 


Skeleton  frame  of  the  jmtent  parasol,  intended  to  ex- 
hibit the  application  of  its  principles  of  construction  to 
vaiious  designs. 

All  made  in  metallic  ribs,  Qerman  silver,  and  other 
tubing. 

147     Hargrave,  Harrison,  &  Co.,  13  Wood  Street, 
Chcapside — Inventors  and  Manufact\u\3r8. 
Registered  cycloidal  parasols;  the  projecting  points  of 
other  jmrasols  ore  avoided :  an  increased  shade  is  afforded 
with  a  smaller  and  lighter  frtmie-work. 


148    Evans,  T.,  &  Co.,  10  Wood  Street,  Cheapside 

— Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  parasols. 


149    Foster,  Porter,  &  Co.,  47  Wood  Street,  Cheapside 

— ManufiEkcturers. 

Specimens  of  parasols. 


150       MuiB,  Peter,  Archer* s  JIall,  Edinburgh — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  bows,  arrows,  &c.,  manufactured  of  Italian 
yew,  English  and  Irish  bog  yew,  Scotch  yew,  snakewood, 
palm,  fustic  washaba,  lance,  and  Canadian  ebn. 


151     HoRE,  Walter,  Harperstoun,  Thghmcn,  County 
Wexford,  Ireland — Inventor. 
Trigger  to  a  long  bow,  larger  than  the  lock  of  a  pistol. 


152  Parkins,  T.,  Cor/is^^— Manufacturer. 

Fish-hooks,  artificial  flies,  minnows,  &c. 


153  RowELL,  J.,  Carlisle — Manufacturer. 

A  four-joint  fishing-rod,  with  hollow  butt,  two  tops, 
and  appendages  for  trout-fishing:  with  specimens  of  raw 
materials  for  making.  Fish-hooks  in  the  various  stages 
of  manufacture,  from  the  raw  material.  Artificial  flies 
for  salmon  and  trout  fishing.  A  variety  of  tackle  for 
angling,  with  the  minnow  and  other  baits,  for  trout  and 
pike,  or  jock. 

154  Nicholas,  Martha,  58  Castle  Street,  Carlisle — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Case  of  artificial  flies  and  baits  used  in  angling.     Exhi- 
bited for  superiority  of  workmanship,  and  near  resem- 
))lance  to  nature. 


1 55  The  Xorthumberland  Patent  Twine,  Rope,  and 
Net  Company,   Ncvcastlc-upon-Tf/tic — Mimufac- 

turers. 
Samples  of  herring,  trout,  and  mackerel  nets,  braided 
or  meshed  by  iiiacliiucry ;  of  twines,   made  and  spim  by 
niivchiner}';    of  fishing  strings  and  lines;  and  of  rope, 
spun-yam,  mai'line,  &c. 

[The  following  Statistics  of  the  Herring  and  Cod  Fish- 
eries are  drawn  up  by  Mr.  John  Millers,  General  Inspector 
of  FL4heri(»  in  Scotland,  and  communicated  by  Captain 
WitBhington,  R.N.,  F.R.S.  The  official  Report  of  the 
Herring  and  Cod  Fisheries  on  the  coasts  of  Great  Britain, 
for  the  year  1840,  affords  the  following  statistics,  which 
may  ser\'e  to  show  the  imx)ortance  of  this  branch  of 
national  industry. 

Number  of  vessels  and  boats  employed  14,r>02 

Tonnage 214,858 

Number  of  men  and  boys  in  the  boats  59,792 
Number  of  persons  employed  ciuing, 

packing,  exporting,  &c.  .         .         .  4C,2r>4 
Grand  total  to  whom  the  fishery 

gives  employment  .         .         .  10G,04fl 

Wages  of  men  vary  from  12*.  to  ITw.  a  week.  Value 
of  a  first-class  open  l»oat  complete,  100/.;  with  25  nets 
complete,  100/.;  set  of  lines,  23/.:  total  223/. 


798 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


UlflTtD 


The  capital  embarked  in  the  fisheriee  Li  as  follows: — 

Value  of  boats,  nets,  and  lines  em-  £. 

ployed 1,189,090 

Capital    embarked    equal    to    one 

year's  produce  ....  2,191,325 
Capital  invested  on  shore  in  curing 

places,  &c 2,191,325 

Value  of  81,791  tons  of  shipping,  at 

9/.  per  ton,  employed  in  carrying  736,119 


Grand  total  invested 


6,307,859 


Except  in  short  spaces  the  herring  fishery  is  prosecuted 
around  the  whole  coasts  of  Elngland  and  Scotland.  The 
length  of  the  season  varies,  but  may  be  considered  from 
the  middle  of  Ifay  to  the  beginning  of  March. 

The  produce  of  the  herring  fishery  in 

1849  was,  in  barrels        .         .         .  1,151,979 
The  produce  of  the  cod  fishery  was    .     381,778 


Total  produce  in  barrels  . 


1,533,757 


Computed  weight,  allowing  seven  barrels  to  the  ton, 
219,108  tons. 

Local  consumption  and  home  market  dispose  of 
1,093,501  barrels. 

Foreign  constmiption,  440,256  barrels. 

Price  of  cured  fish  20«.  a  barrel,  chiefly  consmned  by 
the  poor. 

Estimated  average  value  of  the  fish  caught,  2,191,325/. 

Largest  number  of  fish  taken  at  one  haul,  120  barrels. 
A  single  boat  in  one  season  has  caught  1,000  barrels,  and 
nightly  spreads  nets  to  the  extent  of  21,000  square 
yards.  A  crew  of  eight  men  in  the  cod  fishery  use 
7,680  yaids  of  line  with  6,400  hooks. 

The  quantity  of  netting  set  each  night  (for  five  nights 
each  week)  and  hauled  every  morning  was  94,91^,584 
square  yards,  equal  to  19,640  acres,  or  to  36  square 
n^es.  These  nets  when  set  extend  over  a  space  of  about 
6,000  lineal  miles,  and  are,  therefore,  from  seven  to  nine 
yards  deep  in  the  sea.  The  boats  daily  traverse  about 
ten  times  the  above  space  in  proceeding  to  the  flushing 
ground,  setting  and  hauling  the  nets,  and  then  returning 
to  port.  Thus  in  one  week  the  distance  sailed  by  the 
British  herring  and  cod  boats  exceed  300,000  miles. 

The  length  of  flshing-lines  and  buoy-ropes  daily  used 
is  36,313,706  jrards,  or  20,632  miles,  which  would  nearly 
reach  round  the  globe. 

In  the  district  of  Wick,  Caithness,  the  netting  daily  set 
and  hauled  by  800  boats  would  extend  in  a  straight  line 
to  about  590  miles,  or  would  reach  from  Caithness  to  the 
island  of  Heligoland.  Tet  on  this  coast,  for  12  miles  in 
extent,  there  are  only  three  small  tidal  harbours,  in- 
accessible at  low  water  or  with  an  easterly  gale,  and 
distant  50  miles  from  a  safe  anchorage;  while  the  value 
of  the  boats  and  nets  at  sea  every  night  for  three  months 
in  the  year  is  150,000/.,  no  part  of  which  is  insured,  and 
all  the  property  of  poor  flshermeu,  the  greater  part  of 
whom  are  not  even  members  of  the  Shipwrecked  Fisher- 
men's Benevolent  Society.  It  would  be  a  public  beneflt 
were  the  Mercantile  Marine  Act  extended  to  flshermen 
as  well  as  seamen,  for  as  a  class  there  are  none  more 
exposed,  none  undoi^  greater  hardships,  none  more 
improvident,  and  none  more  thoughtless  of  the  futuro.] 


156  Fltnn,  W.,  Worcester— InYentor. 

Flexible  haitB,  for  salmon,  trout,  &c. 


157  Allies,  Frederick,  Worcetier — ^Inrentor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Artificial  baits — Archimedean  minnow,  variously  leaded 
and  mounted,  viz. :  gudgeon  siae,  pike ;  small  gudgeoo 
size,  salmon  and  pike;  lurg^  trout  and  salmon  sue;  and 
small  trout  size.  Also,  pectoral  fin  minnow,  TBrioashr 
leaded  and  mounted,  viz.  :  gudgeon  siae,  pflie ;  amiO 
gudgeon  size,  salmon  and  pil^ ;  uurge  trout  and  aalmoD 
size;  and  small  trout  size. 

158  Davidson,  G.  &  W.,  17  Quay,  Aberdem— 

ManufiMJturers. 
Model  of  Aberdeen  salmon  bag-net,  naed  for  frnfrrlimg 
salmon  in  the  sea. 


159  Kellt  &  Son,  56  Lower  SackviOe  Streti,  DMm-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Fishing  tackle;  artificial  flies,  &e. 

160  Bandi,  Michael,  Kilkenny,  Ireland— Inrtaiot 

and  Manufacturer. 
Amateur  fly-angler's  cabinet,  made  of  Irish  bog'jev, 
containing  materials,  methodically  arranged,  for  making 
imitations  of  aquatic  insects;  accompanied  bj  an  emvf  on 
the  characteristics  of  fresh-water  ephmaeoL,  exemplified 
by  specimens  of  the  manufactured  fly. 


161  Dennis,  Rev.  J.  B.  P.,  Bury  m,  Edimmdi 

Producer. 
Stuffed  birds  : — Peacock,   with  train  spread,  eopitd 
from  nature  ;  small  gull,  showing  a  meihod  of  fi^^  * 
natural  lustre  to  the  eye  and  eyelida,  and  reatonng  «• 
rosy  tint  of  the  underneath  plumage. 

162  M'Naib,  J.,  TUliowltry,  Mho,  Sootkmd-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Fishing-rods,  exhibited  for  superiority  of  ezacution. 

163  PuLMAN,  George  P.  R.,  Crewkm-ne — 

Manufacturer. 
Artificial-flies,  for  river  fishing. 


164     NiCHOLLs,  William,  Chqypenham — Ptoduoer. 
Fluid  extract  of  annatto,  &c. 

[ Annatto  is  prepared  from  the  seeds  of  the  Bixa  omBoM. 
It  is  used  as  a  colouring  substance. — £.  F.] 

Samples  of  Beaufort  Hunt  sauce. 


165  MoRLET,  John,  Nottingham'— TrodvLcer, 
New  artificial  flies,  intended,  when  in  use  in  the 

to  preserve  their  form.     Solid  plaited  taper  hMr«liass^ 
made  of  hair  and  silk.    Fishing-tackle  of  various  kinds. 

166  Harding,  G.  P.,  S3  Hatton  Ganten^—UMoah^bbanr, 

Cases  of  feather  bonnets  of  novel  manufiMiiare,  ■■"■•J^g 
lightness  with  warmth  and  porousness,  in  ereij  rariaty 

of  colour. 


167  RiMm^KiaaeB,  20 New  Ormond Street, 
Designers  and  Manu&cturera. 
Three  ornaments  for  table  or  cabinet ;  bride^oaka 
ornament ;  regal  chair,  formed  from  a  portion  of  a 
turtle  bone ;  and  basket  in  imitation  of  Dreaden  china. 
All  in  composition  of  gum. 


168  Harxer,  H.  R.,  Great  lormouM— Pit>dnoer. 
Net  for  keeping  fish  alive  when  *ngli*^  or  troUii^ 

a  boat  or  bank. 

169  Harvet,  H.,  King's  Head  Court,  Barhiefm— 

Producer. 
Samples  of  sauce. 


\ 


170    Daniel^  T.,  Burslem,  Staffordshire— ^Prodne^r, 
Subjects  cut  in  paper,  by  Mrs.  Thomaa  DaniaL 


KiNonoM.]     CLA88  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  TiiANSErr  Galleuy. 


709 


171        Gould,  Alfked,  36  8t.  Marylebone  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Fishing  rocb  and  tackle  on  improved  principles. 


172  U8TO2C80M  A:  Peters,  48  Bell  Yard,  Temple  Bar— 

Inventors. 
Bamboo  cane  fly  and  salmon  fishing-rod.  Each  joint  is 
formed  of  three  triangular  parts,  connected  together  from 
end  to  end.  Box  of  artificial  angling  baits,  including 
rare  specimens  of  flies  and  insects,  silkworm  gut,  taper 
fly  line,  &c.  

173  Pearce,  T.  B — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  fishing  tackle. 

1 74  Little,  Giles,  &  Co.,  15  Fetter  Lane,  Fleet  Street — 

Inventors  and  Makers. 
Superior  fly  rod,  ornamented  in  silver;  relieved  with 
gold,  with  various  improvements.     Improved  cane  boat 
or  punt-rod,  ornamented  in  gold.  Salmon  rods;  winches; 
fly  and  dubbing  books,  with  tackle  and  flies. 

175  BccHANAN,  J.,  191  PiccadUly — ^Manufacturer. 
Three  bows  of  yew  wood,  cut  from  the  Alps;  the  first 

brought  to  this  country.    A  variety  of  bows  and  arrows. 


176  Fablow,  C.,  221  5/ranrf— Manufacturer. 
Fishing  rods,  tackle,  and  cases;  with  various  artificial 

buts  and  insects. 

177  Bebnabd,  John,  4  Chwch  Place,  Piccadilljf — 

Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  fishing  rods  and  tackle. 

178  Bazis,  Geoboe,  110  Old  Street,  St,  Luk^»— 

Manufacturer. 
Assortment  of  taper  quill  floats  for  angling. 


179  Alfred,  William  Henry,  54  Moorgate  Street — 

Manufacturer  and  Proprietor. 
Complete  set  of  highly -finished  fishing  tackle. 

180  AINGE&  Aldred,  12G  Oxford  St  rcct-- 

Manufacturers. 
Bows,  arrows,   and  archery  accoutrements,  of  vaiioua 
patterns  and  dujuigns.     Fishing  rods  and  tackle. 

181  Farlow,  John  King,  5  Croofu\l  Lane,  City — 

Manufacturer. 
Salmon  rod,  winch  lines,  fliea,  hookfl,  &c.,  and  all  neces- 
nary  gear  ft>r  salmon  fialiiuff.  GrilHe  or  sea-trout  rod, 
with  the  necessary  tackle.  Fly  rod,  with  tackle  complete. 
Oenend  rod,  for  fly-fishing,  trolling,  and  bottom  fishing, 
with  the  requisite  tickle  and  fittings.  Spinning  and 
trolling  rods,  with  tackle  complete,  artificial  bait,  &c. 

182  Jones,  James,  1 1 1  Jcnnyn  Street,  St.  Jainc;i-~ 

Mxmufacturer. 
Specimens  of  fishing  rods  and  tackle. 

183  Jacors,  George,  32  C<M'J:sp>ir  Strcd—lnxcntor, 

and  Manufacturer. 
Englu*h  long  ^yowi^  for  la<lie«  and  gentleincn,  coiniwsed 
of  «lifferent  rare  wo<k18,  viz,,  rosetta,  tulip,  snake.  iMirt- 
r^ge,  rose,  purple,  kingwood,  and  hiccory.  Engluh  and 
Flemish  long  bows.  Collection  of  EugliHh  arrown  (.f 
Tarious  weights  and  woodn,  with  tiuivern  and  accouti-e- 

ments. 

The  registered  protector  unibn»lla.  Tlie  novelty  con- 
sists in  unscrewing  and  retaining  the  handle,  which  renders 
the  umbrtilla  useless  to  any  but  the  owner. 

Btrmngers'  gui<le  map,  showing  all  the  i)rincipal  dtreets, 
bridges,  railways,  and  exhibitions  of  London,  together 
with  a  mariner's  comjiosj*.  The  maj)  can  be  innerted  in 
uuibrollas,  riding  canes.  walking-Hticb*,  &c. 

Fine  specimen  of  Malacca  c;uie,  mounted  in  hn,<><}- 
t«lievo.  Dragon  canon  mounted;  and  tortoiue.'ihell  walk- 
iDg-stii^  mounted  in  gold. 


Specimen  of  rhinoceros'  horn  and  of  sea-horse's  tooth. 
Collection  of  English  sticks  of  natural  growth,  in  the 
rough  and  finished  state. 

1 84    Jefferies,  Isaac,  40  Mulgrcne  Place,  Woolwich 

— Manufacturer. 
Improved    tennis    racquets.     Irish  shaped  racquets, 
English  shaped  racquets.    Racquet  and  fives  balls. 


185  Local  CoMmiTEE,  Falmouth  and  Penryn — ^Producer. 
Preserved  pilchards.     Model  of  pilot-boat,   built  by 

R.  Lee,  Falmouth.  Model  of  Falmouth  river  barge,  and 
of  the  now  Mevagissey  drift  and  fishing-boat,  made  by 
Richard  Tregiuza.  Model  of  Seine  boat,  built  by  P.  Le- 
lean,  Mevagissey.  Nets  used  in  the  Cornish  fisheries. 
Apparatus  for  extracting  pumps  from  mines  which  are 
fille<l  with  water;  invented  by  Arthur  and  Edey.  Re- 
versing ap|)aratus,  &c.;  inventor,  Mr,  R.  Hosking,  of 
Perron  Foundry. 

186  Clapshaw,  "Mark,  High  Street,  Eton — ^Manufacturer. 
Bats,  stum|>s,  balls,  pads,  gloves,  and  gauntlets,  for 

the  game  of  cricket. 

187  Gilbert,  Wm.,  i?t4^6i/— ^Manufacturer. 
Foot-balls  of  leather,  dressed,  ornamented,  and  coloured. 

188  Lambert,  Eleanor,  89  Leman  Street,  Goodman's 

Fields,  Whitediapel — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  artificial  flies,  for  angling. 

189  Clements,  J.,  Leicester — Inventor  and 

Manufncturor. 
Newly  invented  bat  for  cricket  playing,  having  a  piece 
of  whalebone  let  down  the  centre  of  the  handle  to  make 
it  flexible. 

190  Massey,  W.  a.,  41  Sir  Thtmas's  Buildings,  Liverpool 

— Producer. 
Pair  of  bowls  and  jack,  representing  the  English  game 
of  l>owltng.     The  stand  or  i)edcstal  is  a  specimen  of  oval 
turning. 

191  Duke  &  Son,  Pcmhnrst,  near  Ttmbridge,  Kent — 

Manufacturers. 
Articles  use<l  for  the  game  of  cricket,  comprising  balls, 
batd,  Htunips,  leg-gUArds,  gauntlets,  tubular  India-rubber 
gloves,  spiked  soles,  &c. 

192  GoLTiLAN,  J.,  Edinbtirijh — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  balls   for  playing   the  ancient  Scottish 
gjune  of  "  Golf." 

193  Peacock,  Anthony,  2  Cnmbcrland Row,  Islington — 

Inventor. 
Board  and  pieces,  for  playing  the  game  of  Agon,  or  the 
Queen's  guards;  with  book  of  instructions. 

194  Page,  Eleanor  &  Wiu.iam,  Kennington  Common 

— Manufacturers. 
Cricket  bats.     Gauntlets,  for  keeping  Thicket.     Tubular 
India-rubber    gloves,    leg-guard«,   cricket  balls,    cricket 
Htumjw,  bniss  femiled,  and  ash  topped.     Spike  soles,  for 
cricket  shoes. 

195  M>n)WAV,  Ja8.,  5  SjK'Tirrr  Stn-ct,  X'-rtLimpton 

»S/U'n V' — Designer  and  Manufiwturer. 
Cricket  Htunipa  const nict<*d  on  a  novel  and  Him]>le 
principle;  the  three  upright  ])it»ceH  move  upon  rule  joints, 
which,  upon  the  slightent  blow  from  the  Uill,  fall  in- 
Rtantaneously  in  whatever  direetion  they  may  l>o  struck. 
Registered. 


190 


LiU.YWIIITK&SoNH,  10  /'rimr's  Jrrrncf,  Tslinjtmi  — 
Inventors  and  Mauufactiirers. 
Cricket  bats,  of  HuiHjrior  woml.     Cricket  l>al Is.     Wick- 
ham's  trap  balls.     Set  of  Allen's  stumiw.     Leg-guards, 
on  a  new  design,  for  preventing  the  ball  (.when  bo^'Wi\ 


[2y.] 


[Offjcj AL  Illustrated  Cat\\.oc.\'t..'\ 


^"S^ 


800 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


rUsiTB) 


from  injuring  the  leg.  One  pair  made  of  leather,  which 
material  has  always  been  used.  Tubular  galvanized 
India-rubber  gloves.  New  wicket-keeping  perforated 
gloves.  Spiked  soles.  Scoring  booth  on  a  new  principle. 
Flannel  dress,  comprising  a  pair  of  trowsers,  jacket, 
cap,  and  belt.        

197   Dark,  Matilda,  &  Sons,  Lord^a  Cricket  Ground, 
St.  Marylehone — Manufacturers. 
Cricket  bats  and  wickets. 


198      Dark,  Rorert,  Lord's  Cricket  Ground — Inventor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Articles  used  in  the  game  of  cricket;  tubular  India- 
rubber  gloves;  gauntlet  gloves;  leg  guards;  spiked  soles 
for  shoes;  cricket  balls  of  varied  sizes. 


199  Caldecourt,  William  Henry,  14  Totmsend  Road, 

St.  John's  Wood,  Marylebonc — Manufacturer. 

Cricket  catapulta,  a  machine  for  propelling  the  ball  in 
the  absence  of  a  first-rate  bowler.  Cricket  bats,  and  sets 
of  stumps. 

200  Trebbck,  Thomas  Frederick,  3  Sm  Street, 

Bishopsfjate  Street — Proprietor. 
A  variety  of  rocking-horses,  dolls,  and  miscellaneous 
toys. 

201  Going,  J.,  Clowncl,  Ireland — Producer. 
Specimens  of  various  soaps. 

202  Gordon,  C,  Museum,  Dover — Manufacturer. 

A  group  of  stuffed  British  birds,  representing  an  owl 
surrounded  by  small  birds. 

203  Harbor,  Thomas,  Rending — Manufacturer. 
British  specimens  of  taxidermy,  viz.  : — Mute  swan  (Cij(j- 

nus  olor),  attracted  by  teal  {Anas  creed);  common  buzzard 
Falco  bttteo);  clutching  leveret;  hobby  hawk  (Falco  sub- 
huteo)  attacking  partridges  and  young  (7Vfraop^/-(fi.c);  pair 
of  landrails  and  yoimg  ones  (Gailinula  crex);  bearded 
titmouse,  male  and  female  (Pfinis  biarmicfts);  •pair  of 
kingfishers  (Alcedoiis  isj>eda);  pair  of  grossbeak  (Loxia 
coccothraustits);  case  of  pheasants  {Phasianiis  coichicus); 
polecat  (Mustela  putorius) ;  and  rabbit. 

204  Beevor,  John  (M.D.),  Neu^ark-upon- Trent — 

Inventor. 
An  improved  process  of  taxidermy,  or  stuffing  of 
animals,  illustrated  by  a  noted  foxhound  from  the  Rufford 
hunt.  This  is  effected  by  the  use  of  gutta  percha,  by 
which  a  complete  muscular  model  of  the  animal  is  taken 
after  the  removal  of  the  skin.  The  skin  being  replaced, 
an  exact  resemblance  of  the  animal,  with  the  points  fully 
developed,  is  produced. 

206  Retteray  &  Thompson — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  fishing  nets. 

207  Walford,  Cornelius,  sen.,  Witham,  Essex — 

Preserver. 
A  series  of  preserved  British  birds— common  bam  owl, 
common  brown  owl,  long-eared  owl,  spotted  woodpecker, 
cuckoo,  pair  common  swallows,  pair  house  martens,  fly- 
catcher (spotted),  grasshopper  warbler,  redstart,  hedge 
warbler,  mountain  finch,  bullfinch,  red  linnet,  and  house 
sparrow.  

208  Yerrury,  John,  \\4  Bishopsqate  Street  Within — 

Proprietor. 
Staite's  patent  diaphragm  tobacco-pipe  bowl  for  con- 
densing and  collecting  the  essential  oil  and  moisture  of 
the  tobacco.    The  specimens  exhibited  are  manufactured 
in  stone  china  by  Messrs.  Josiah  Wedgwood  and  Sons. 

209  Thompson,  Henry,  Weybridje  Common,  Chertsey, 

Surrey — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
ImitAtive  cameos,  the  small  ones  used  for  wafers. 
OoJd  and  silver  wafers. 


211  Reed,  James  Wiujam,  11  Peel  Place,  Kemsmgtcn— 

Producer. 
Stick  in  glass  case,  with  gilt  edge;  the  stick  hhuk,  tht 
two  snakes  yellow. 


213  Barsham,  Son,  k  Co.,  41  Threadneedle  Street,  and 
Stratford — Manufacturers. 

Specimen  of  pulped  cloth,  being  a  oombinatioin  of  piper, 
in  a  state  of  pulp,  with  a  woven  fabric. 

Emery  cloth,  being  an  applica^on  of  the  pulped  dot^ 
as  a  more  durable  substance  than  paper  alone;  used  kt 
the  purpose  of  smoothing  and  polishmg  metals  sod  mi' 
chinery. 

Glass  cloth,  a  further  application  of  pulped  doth  m  t 
more  durable  substance  tlum  glass  p^ier;  used  by  wood- 
turners,  carvers  of  wood,  carpenters,  sod  others. 

Glass  paper,  used  princiiMlly  by  cabinet  makers  for 
smoothing  the  surface  of  wood. 

Emery  in  a  manufactured  state,  as  used  by  engineoi, 
lapidaries,  and  others  for  polishing  metal,  glMs,  kc 
Mianufactured  from  Naxos  emery  stone. 

Black  lead,  manufactured  from  the  raw  sabstanoe  n 
called,  imported  from  Germany ;  used  principally  in 
England  for  giving  lustre  to  stoves  and  grates. 

Patent  framed  door-mat. 


214  Sacker,  Fred.  Christds,  7  Epping  Place,  MUe  Etd 

— Designer. 

Compendium,  or  razor-strop,  the  strop  itself  beiiK 

formed  of  a  composition  of  wool;  the  interior  contaudai 

two    razors,    tooth-brush,    nail-brush,    comb,    wamaa^ 

tweezers,  nail-file,  looking-glass,  shaving-brush,  and  iOip. 


215        Rogers,  Robert  &  Henry,  ProtpectBaa, 

Walworth — ^Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  glass,  emery,  and  sand  papers  and  dotki. 


219    Williams,  Thomas  Mutlow,  155  Oxford  Street— 

Producer. 

Case  of  stuffed  birds. 


220  Fisher,  J.,  Blandford — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  wire  buttons. 

221  Leadbeater,  John,  19  Brevcer  Street,  Golden 

Square — Manufacturer. 
Case  of  mounted  Indian  game  birds;  case  of  mounted 
birds  under   glass  shades.      Shade  said  to  contain  tiM 
largest  specimen  of  the  toad  and  the  least  speciea  of  dog. 

222  Spencer,  Thomas,  7  Great  Portland  Street-^ 

Inventor  and  Producer. 
Preserved  birds,   on  artificial  frost  and  snow, 
water  and  a  rock. 


223  Gardner,  James,  426  Oxford  Street— ^ 
Various  specimens  of  stuffed  birds;    one  half  btiif 

birds  of  prey,  indigenous  to  Britain,  and  the  other  showy* 
plumaged  birds. 

224  Anderson,  Roderick,  Dunkeld,  Sootkmd^ 

Manufacturer. 
Artificial  salmon-flies,  adapted  for  the  river  Tay  anditi 
tributaries. 
Artificial  trout-flies,  for  the  lakes  and  rivers  of  Soo*- 

land.  

225  Fisher,  Edward,  St.  Mary's,  Wisbech — Inventor 

(md  Producer. 
Models  of  five  stacks,  to  show  a  new  mode  of  oo 
them  with  wood,  iron,  zinc,  &c. 


\ 


226     Slater,  John,  Chcadle,  Staffordshire — InTentor 

and  Manufacturer. 
Twine  reel,  xised  by  drapers,  druggists,  grocers,  Ae.; 
made  of  brass  and  lacquered. 


OM.j     Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


801 


Daubabn,  W.,  Wisbech — Manufacturer. 
jneiui  of  reel  and  ball  sewing  cottons. 

nil,  James,  Kidderminster — Inventor,  Designer, 

and  Manufacturer. 
imens  of  combed  wool,  in  white  and  of  various 

ic  bird-cage,  cut  out  of  the  wood. 

B,  on  a  new  plan,  for  foot  wood-turning,  the  man 

to  his  work. 

1  carpet-shuttle,  with  steel  noses,  on  a  new  plan. 

Bt-ahuttle,  copper,  with  wood  noses,  a  new  inven- 

lol-firame,  to  be  opened  by  pressing  in  the  ferule. 

Chamberlain,  Thomas,  Ashhy-de-la-Zouch, 
Leicestersh  ire — Majiufacturer. 
M  for  burnishing  all  kinds  of  plate  and  gilded 
HAh  in  the  rough  and  prepared  state. 

If  OGRE,  George,  &  Murpht,  Michael,  116  &  117 
Hotttom  HUlf  and  King's  Cross — Inventors  and 
Manufacturers. 

[men  of  an  ornamental  wedding  cake. 


DiiBAB,  William,  Loch  Inver,  Golspie,  Scotland — 

Proprietor  and  Preserver. 
cases  of  Sutnerlandshire  wild  birds  and  animals: 
ing  a  roebuck,  a  common  hare,  two  mountain 
two  wild  rabbits,  three  grey  partridges,  two  wood- 
ft  common  snipe,  a  jack  snipe,  two  golden  plovers, 
ommon  pheasants,  and  one  pied ,  two  black  cocks, 
ly  hens,  five  red  grouse,  male  and  female;  twelve 
puis,  males  and  females,  in  their  spring,  summer, 
I,  and  winter  plumage.  The  golden  eagle — mature 

minority  were  killed,  and  all  were  stufifed,  by  the 
or.  

Brown  &  Son,  Leeds — Manufacturers. 
>n  bobbins  and  skewers.     Flax  bobbinH,  creel  pins, 
i-wood  boJweH.    Worsted  bobbins,  si)ool8,  and  car- 
oUers.     Silk  bobbins. 


Standring,  John,  &  Brother,  Manchester — 

ManufacturerH. 
is,  in  gold,  silk,  inohiur,  worsted,  and  cotton,  for 
ngs  and  other  puqioses.  Liices,  in  silk,  worsted, 
ytton,  for  corsets,  dresses,  luul  boots.  Lines, 
,  in  silk,  wor8te<i,  linen,  an<l  cotton,  for  window 
pictures,  &c.  Dress  cord  pljiited  cotton,  for  stiff 
..  Bindings,  fi^^red  and  plain,  in  silk,  mohair, 
irsted,  for  coat  bindings,  &c.  Fringes,  in  silk  and 
,  for  trimniingH. 

Fletcher,  Henrt,  k  Su-an  Cottrt,  Mat^cfwiter — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
t  of  glass  having  brass  letters  and  ornaments  firmly 
>d. 

I  or  rinc  engraved  plate,  filled  with  a  composition 
it  the  heat  of  the  sun. 


Hall,  John,  Green  Gate  Street,  Oldham — 
Designer  and  Inventor. 
rd-cage,  containing  2,r»22  pieces,  and  composed  of 
went  kinds  of  wooil.     In  the  front  is  the  Oldham 
-arms,   and  on  the  right  side,  u  representation  of 
ilors'  Home,  Liverjwol. 


Bell&  Black,  15  /^/t  /,.»«/•— Mimnfacturers. 

ation  vestas  andcongreves,  without  any  combustible 

il. 

line,  with  knife  insei"te<l,  for  cutting  the  matches 

• 

ufactureil  wax  vesta  matches. 

phorated  round  wood  congreves,  which  bum  ^ith 

Mable  odour. 


244  Fletcher,  W.,  Bumham,  near  Bridgtcaier — 

Manufacturer. 
Working  models  of  filtering  vessels.    Model  of  Bumham 
lighthouse.     Specimens  of  amber,  jets,  &c.,  found  on  the 
coast  of  Norfolk,  polished. 

245  Cowper,  Edward,  F.R.S.,  9  Kensington  Park 

Road,  Notting  7/i//— Inventor  and  Patentee. 
Cheap  educational  models.    An  orrery.    Section  of  a 
pump.  Working  parts  of  a  steam-engine.  Globe,  showing 
the  phases  of  the  moon.     Box  of  cubes.     Measuring  rods. 
Levers.     Working  loom.    Door  lock. 

248     MoRELL,  H.,  149  Fleet  5frf<rf— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  the  manufactiu'e  of  lead  pencils. 

250    Wright,  Henry,  Beltiew  Steam  MHU,  Dublin — 

ManufEurturer. 
Buttons  made  from  bone,  horn,  and  wood.  Bone 
handles  for  knives  and  forks,  and  for  tooth  and  nail 
brushes.  Bone  knives  and  forks  for  lunatic  asylums. 
Neatsfoot  oil.  White  cow  hair,  used  in  blanket  making. 
Brown  cow  hair,  used  by  felt-makers,  for  ship  sheathing, 
&c.  Gelatine  and  portable  soup.  Farina,  prepared 
from  potatoes.  White  and  yellow  Indian  com  meal. 
Beet-root  sugar.     Bone-dust  for  farmers'  use. 

252  Staight  &  Soss — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  manufactures  from  ivory. 

253  Iliff,  W.  T.,  AV'rtn^^on— Producer. 
"London  street  scenes,"  "Mav  day,"  &c.,  modelled 

(by  the  hand)  from  gutta  percha,  by  Miss  E.  Moorsom,  of 
Kennington,  aged  13. 

257       Brison,  R.,  /Jrwfo/— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Models  of  feet,  mode  of  a  material  that  will  bear  nailing 
or  hanmiering,  on  which  boots  or  shoes  can  be  made. 

•  ■ 

259        Ritchie,  James,  fanomjate,  Kdinh^trgh — 

Manufacturer. 
Sash-line  with  metallic  centre  to  increase  its  strength, 
metallic  cord  for  the  balance- weights  of  gas-lu.stres;  cord 
for  hanging  pictures  and  for  bell -pulls. 

201  Earnshaw,  R.  J.,  D./no<w/tr— Manufacturer. 
Wool  sheets  or  top  sheets,   for  packing  fine  combed 

wool,   called   "toi>s;"  hand-spun  and  hand-woven,  from 
fine  hemp,  and  line<l  with  calico. 

202  Napier,  Johx,  /:<fm^'<n/A— Inventor. 

Pair  of  printing  cases,  full  size,  in  one-thinl  less  B|)aco 
than  those  in  general  use;  bevelled,  or  at  an  angle,  in- 
stead of  square. 

Mmlel  of  a  heating  or  cooling  apparatus  for  rooms. 
By  filling  the  inside  cylinder  >%ith  hot  winter  or  steam, 
and  turning  the  cylinder,  the  fan  will  throw  off  the  heat, 
and  consequently  raise  the  tenqjerature.  If  any  of  the 
common  freezing  mixtures  be  placed  inside  the  cylinder, 
on  its  being  turned  round,  cold  air  wll  be  thrown  off 
and  the  tenqwraturo  lowertnl. 

A  method  of  turning  up  quickly  books  of  the  Bible,  or 
chapters  of  other  books. 

A  method  of  ornamenting  end  wood,  for  cabinet, 
joiner,  and  other  work,  mouldings,  &c. 

2r)G  Waxless,  Thomas,  R'H^k,  near  Aln^rich,  Xeircastle — 

Manufacturer. 

I^y's  juncushion  and  jnercers. 

Si^-ing  plough,  constructeil  to  prevent  dirt  or  soil  at- 
taching to  the  mould  board. 

2G7      Down,  Stephen,  Truthnm,  tie  ir  Glastonbury — 

Designer. 
Model  of  a  decoy  pool,  for  taking  wild  fowl. 


802  Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTUBES  AND  SMALL  WABES.         [U: 

North  Teanbept  Gallebt. 

270     Liverpool  Local  Committee,  Toum  JTall,  Liverpool — Proprietors;  J.  C.  Archeb,  Collector  and  Amager. 
A  Collection  of  the  Samples  of  Foreign  Articles  Imported  into  Liverpool  within  the  last  Five  Yean.     Th«  CoIlactioD 

is  complete  as  to  Vegetable  Fibres,  Materia  Medica,  Groceries,  and  Mineral  Ptoducts  ;  incomplete  aa  to  PenahaUe, 

Animal,  and  Vegetable  Products,  and  Manufactured  Goods. 

[N.B.— Articles  marked  thus  (*)  in  the  last  colamn  are  niely  imported,  and  in  oompaxatiTely  inaigniAnmr  qvMititSc*.] 

Cases  1, 2, 3. — Class  A.  Organic  Scbstamces.    Section  1.  Andlal  PsoiyocTa. 

Subsection  \gt,  Mammalia, 


COUMKBCIAL  NAUK. 


Scientific  Name, 

or 

Designation. 


Deer  horns    .... 

Buffalo  horns      .     •     . 

Buffiklo  horn  tips  •  . 
Buffalo  horn  shavings  . 
Ox  and  cow  horns    .     . 

Porcupine  quiUs.     •     . 

Ivory,  or  elei^umts'  teeth 

Bea-morse  teeth  (erro- 
neously supposed  to 
belong  to  the  sea 
morse). 

Horse  tails  (3  varieties) 

Horse  hair     .... 
Cow-tail  hair  and  cow 
hair. 

Alpaca  wool  (5  varieties) 

Vicunia  wool  .  •  . 
Llama  wool    .... 

Camels*  hidr  (2  qualities) 

Goats*  wool  (Cachmere) 


Axis  maculata 

Bos  Bubalus    .     . 

Bos  Bubalus  .  . 
Bos  Bubalus  .  . 
Bos  Taurus      •     . 

Hystrix  cristata   . 

Elephas  Africanus 

Hippopotamus  am- 
phibius,  or  pro- 
bablpr  H.  Liber- 
iensis. 

Equus  Caballus    . 

Equus  Caballus    . 
Bos  Taurus  (male 
and  female). 

Auchcnia  alpaca  . 

Auchenia  Vicunia 
Auchenia  Llama  . 


ClaM  or  Order. 


Camelus 
anus. 


Bactri- 


Capra  scgargus 


Capra  scgargus 
Ovis  aries  . 


Goats*  wool  (mohair)    . 

Shcep*8  wool  (47  varie- 
ties, classified  imder 
the  heads  Russian, 
German,  and  Australian,  Iceland,  East 
Indian,  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  Barbaiy  and 
Syrian,  Turkey,  Egyptian.  Spam  and  Por- 
tugal, Italian,  West  Inaian,  and  South 
American). 

Pigs*  hair.     .     .     . 


Coney  wool,  or  rabbits* 

hair. 
Skins  and  Furs — 

Buffalo  robes  .     .     . 

Polar  bear  .... 

Tiger 

Seal 


Deer     . 
Racoon 


Leopard  .... 
Ncutria,  or  Nutria    • 

Otter,  South  America 
Otter,  North  America 
Musquash  .... 

Beaver  

Opossum    .... 

Squirrel,  grey .  .  . 
Squirrel,  Siberian 

Sable 

Ermine 

Mink 


Ruminantia  . 

Ruminantia   . 

Ruminantia  . 
Ruminantia  . 
Ruminantia   . 

Rodentia .     . 

Pachydermata 

Pachydermata 

Pachydermata 

Pachydermata 
Ruminantia    . 

Ruminantia   . 

Ruminantia  . 
Ruminantia   . 

Ruminantia   . 

Ruminantia   . 

Ruminantia  . 
Ruminantia   . 


Whence  Imported. 


East  Indies      .     . 

East  Indies      .     . 

East  Indies  .  . 
East  Indies  .  . 
Monte  Video  .     . 

Barbary     .     .     . 

W.  Coast  of  Africa 

W.  Coast  of  Africa 

Buenos  Ayres,  &c. 

Buenos  Avres,  &c. 
Monte  Video,  &c. . 

Lima,  Chili,  &c.    . 

Lima  .  •  •  . 
Ijima     .     .     •     • 


Cairo    and    Alex- 
andria. 

Turkey.     .     .     . 

Turkey.     .     .     . 

Europe,  Asia, 

Africa,  America, 
and  Australia. 


Una,  Ax. 


Susscrofa  .     . 
Lepus  cuniculus 


BosAmericanus 
Ursus  maritimus 
Fclis  tigris 
Phoca  vitulina 


Axis  maculata .     . 
Procyon  lotor .     . 

Felis  leopardus     . 

Myopotamus  coy- 
pus. 

Lutra  Braziliensis 

Lutra  lataxina 

Fiber  vulgaris 

Castor  fiber     .     . 

Didclphis  Virgini- 
ana. 

Sciurus  cinereus  . 

Sciurus  vulgariSjVar 

Mustela  zibellina . 

Putorius  ermineus 

Mustela  lutreola  . 


Stone  Marten  . 


Pachydermata 
Rodentia  .     . 


Ruminantia  . 

Cariiivora .  . 

Carnivora.  . 

Camivora.  . 


Ruminantia  . 

Camivora.  . 

Camivora.  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Camivora.  . 

Camivora.  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Marsupialia  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  .  . 


Knife  handles  and  other|S50 

articles. 
Buttons,  knife  handlea,   280 

&c. 
Buttons,  fce.      ...    120 
Making  gelatine,  Ice.  • 
Knife  hwidlei  and  va-   700 

rious  articles. 
Various       ornamental 

purposes. 
Various       ornamental  |31  tooa. 

purposes. 
Making  artificial  teeth,   2)  tona. 

&c. 


impoftB,  lase. 


Stuffing  cushions,  &e. . 

Stuffing  cushions,  &c.  • 
Stufilng  cushions  and 

mixing  with  lime  ibr 

mortar. 
Making  fine  cloths.     • 

Making  fine  cloths .     . 

Making  fine  cloths,  and 
for  mixing  with  Al- 
paca wool. 

Weaving    into    cloth, 
making  paint  brushes, 
&c. 

Weaving   fine    cloths, 
shawls,  &c. 

Weaving   fine   cloths, 
shawls,  &c. 


430   bales  sad 


Mustela  folna  .     .  VRodesnUo^  . 


United  States  . 
Holland      .     . 


Canada .     .     . 
North  America 
East  Indies 
Newfoundland 


East  Indies 
Canada .     .     . 

Africa  .     .     . 
I  Rio  de  Janeiro 

Rio  and  Bahia. 
North  Carolina 
Canada .  .  . 
Canada .  .  . 
North  America 

North  America 
Russia  .  .  . 
Russia  .  .  . 
Russia  .  .  . 
United  States  and 
the     North     of 


80 
17D 


900  hattoli  « 

amanbalfli 
laoObaUola. 
1,100  baUola. 


25 


200ba]fla. 
200ba]fla. 


Making  ropes,  inferior 

brushes,  &e. 
Substitute  for  beaver 

in  making  hats. 

For  rugs,  mats,  &c.     • 

For  rugs 

Ornamental.     .     •     • 
Common  caps,  fcc  •     . 


Ornamental.     .     .     . 
As   a   coarse  fur  fbr 

clothing. 
lOmamental.     .     •     • 
As   a   coarse  fbr   for 

clothing. 

Clothing 

Clothing 

Clothing 

Clothing 

Clothing 


Ornamental  Air 
Ornamental  fur 
Ornamental  fbr 
Ornamental  fur 
Ornamental  fbr 


^^)inas&KcAal  Air 


^tona. 

• 

500 

■tale. 
2/nOto3jOOQL 
300. 

• 
1,500. 

• 

700  to  300. 

# 

2/XX>. 

SOOtoGOOL 

# 

• 
• 


^ 


Kkodom.]     Class  29.—MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


803 


CknniKBciAL  Naxb. 


Skins  Mid  Fxin — eomt, 
Banm  Marten . 
Kolinski    .     . 
Fitch    .     .     . 


C3iinehilla  . 
BMtard  chinchilla 

Ambers''' 
l^permoil.     .     • 

Pot-head  whale  . 

Seal  oU  (4  varietiea) 
Laid   .... 


Anfmifci  charcoal 
Tallow      .     .     . 


oil,    or    horse 


Gsl^iit 


Scientific  Name, 

or 

Detig^tion. 


Mustela  martes  . 
Mustela  Sibirica  . 
Mustela  putorius  . 

Chinchilla  laniger 
Chinchilla    breyi- 

caudata. 
Physeter     macro- 

cephalus. 
Physeter     macro- 

cephalus. 
Gobiocephalus  de- 

ductor. 
Phoca  vitulina 
The  melted  fat  of 

swine. 
Ursus  Americanus 

Carbo  animal  is     . 

The  melted  fat  of 
oxen  and  sheep. 


The  fat  of  the  horse 

Manufactured  from 
the  intestines  of 
sheep. 


CUtt  or  Order. 


Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  •  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Rodentia  .  . 

Cetacea    .  . 

Cctacea    .  . 

Cetacea    .  . 

Camivora 
Pachydermata 

Camivora 


Whence  Imported. 


Hamburgh.  .  . 
Russia  .... 
Uolstein  and  Ham- 

bui^h. 
Valparaiso .     .     . 
Lima     .... 

Pacific  Ocean .     . 

New  York .     .     . 

Newfoundland 

Newfoundland 
United  States  .     . 

United  States  .     . 

Hamburgh  and 
France. 

United  States,  Rus- 
sia, East  Indies, 
South  America, 
and  Australia. 

Monte  Video  .     . 

Naples  .... 


Uses,&e. 


Ornamental  fur 
Ornamental  fur 
Ornamental  fur 

Ornamental  fur  . 

Ornamental  fur  • 

Used  as  a  perfume. 

For  burning      •  . 

For  burning      .  . 

For  burning      .  . 


Almost  useless,  except 

as  grease  for  work. 
For  sugar  refining  .     . 

Making  candles,  &c.   . 


Making  soft  soap,  &c. 

Strings  of  musical  in- 
struments. 


Imports,  1 850. 


25  tuns. 

325  tuns. 

3,000  tuns. 
8,000  kegs. 


1,180  tuns. 


Sid»$ectkm  2nd,  Ave§ — Birds, 


8waa  skin     .... 

Cygnus  olor    .     . 
llie  indurated  fae- 

Natatores.    . 

Hamburgh .     .     . 

Ornamental  clothing  . 

* 

Guano 

■  a 

South       America 

Manure 

2,800  tons. 

Bolivian  (Agamus). 
Bolivian  (San  Isidore). 

ces  of  sea  birds. 

and  the  Coast  of 

Africa. 

Bolivian. 

Peruvian. 

Patagonian. 

Ichaboe. 

Albomen  ...... 

The  white  of  eggs 
dried. 

•  • 

Havre   .... 

Used  in  calico  printing 

One  small  quan- 
tity only  for 
experiment. 

Subsection  Srd^  ReptiUa — Reptiles. 


Tortoiseshell.     .     .     . 


Testudo  imbricata    Chelonia  .     . 


W.  Coast  of  Africa 


Making  combs,  &c. 


2^  tons. 


Subsection  Ath^  Pisces — Fishes. 


Tsinglaw  (East  Indian) 

Isinglass  rBrazilian 
Tongue). 

Iringlaas  (Maranham 

Tongue). 
Anchovies     .     .     . 

Sardines. 

Cod  oil      .... 

Cod-liver  oil  .     .     . 


The  air-bag  of  se- 
veral species  of 
fish,  principally 
of  the  genera  Si- 
lunis.  Pimclodus, 
and  Polyncmus. 

Clupea  eucrassi- 
cnolus. 

Gadus  Morrhua     . 

Oil  expresscil  by 
heat  from  the 
liver  of  the  cod- 
fish. 


Manilla 

Peru      .     .     . 


Maranham 


For  making   a    nutri- 
j     tious  fwHl,    and   va- 
rious other  ccouomi- 
'     cal  purposes. 


Newfoundland 
Newfoundland 


2  tons. 
15  tons. 

5  tons. 


2,r)00  tuns. 
300  tuns. 


Subsection  5M,  3ToHusca. 


Cuttle-fishbones.     .     .    Sepia  officinalis    . 


Conch  shells  .... 


Cephalopoda  . 


The  Levant 


Strombus  pugillius   Pcrtinibranch-  The  Bahamas 

'    jata.  I 


Polishing  mctnls,  and 
making  tooth-powder, 
&c. 

¥ot  %Yve\\  cfi^m^^M 


IScwt. 


804 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTUBES  AND  SMALL  WABES.         [U 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


ComciBCiAL  Namk. 

Scientific  Name, 

or 

DesifpMtion. 

CUn  or  Order. 

Whence  Imported. 

U««,&e. 

Impovti,  Its*. 

Mother-of-Peari  shells, 
(3  varieties). 

Cowries  Hive)     .     .     . 
Cowries  (dead). 

Haliotis     .     .     . 
Cyproea  moneta    . 

•          • 

Pectinibranch- 
lata. 

Manilla.  Society 
Islanos,  and  Pa- 
nama. 

East  Indies      .     . 

Buttons,  knife-liandletw 

and  other  ornamental 

articles. 
Exported    to     Africa^ 

where  they  are  uiecl 

as  money. 

lao.tou. 

444  tons. 

Subgediom  6th,  Inaecta — Inaeeta. 

Cochineal      .... 

Coccus  cacti   .     . 

Hemiptera     . 

South  America     . 

For  dyeing  .... 

27  tout. 

Mexican,  Black. 

Mexican,  Silver. 

Honduras,  Black. 

Honduras,  Silver. 

Truxillo,  a  fine  sample, 
sent   expressly   for 
the  Exhibition. 

Granilla,  the  garblings 

of  cochineal. 

Cantharides,  or  Spanish 

Cantharis  vesica- 

Coleoptera     . 

Spain,  Russia,  and 

Pharmaceutical,  ibr 

flies. 

toria. 

Hamburgh. 

raising  blisters. 

Subaectian  7M,  Badiata, 


Sponge  TFine)     .     . 
Sponge  rHoneycomb) 
Sponge  (Bahama)    . 


Spongia  officinalis 
Spongia  (?^  .  . 
Spongia  (?)      .     . 


Turkey 
Turkey 
Nassau 


Various  purposes 
Various  purposes 
Various  purposes 


13 
25 
75 


bales  avl 


Subaection  8/A,  Articlea produced  by  Inaecta, 


Lac  (stick^    •     .     .     . 
Lac  (lump). 
Lac  (shell,  3  sorts). 
Lac  (plate,  2  sorts). 
Lac-dye    .... 
Silk  (China)  .     .     .     . 
Silk  (lUlian). 
Silk  (Italian  wasli). 
Silk  (knubs  and  husks). 
Silkworm-gut     .     .     . 


Galls  (white) 
Galls  (blue). 


Bees'-wax  (5  varieties) 


Coccus  lacca  . 


Hemiptera 


Coccus  lacca   .     .    Hemiptera     . 
Bombyx  mori       .    Lepidoptera  . 


Bombyx  mori       .    Legridoplera  . 
(The  secretion  of 

the  sericterium, 

drawn   out  and 

dried). 
Quercus  Gallse     . 
(The  galls  produced  on  the  oak  by 

Cynipa.      The  white  galls    are 

taken  before  the  escape  of  the 

larva|.  the  blue  are  those  from 

which  the  insect  has  escaped). 
Cera  flava       .     . 
(A  secretion  of  the 

honey-bee.  Apis 

mcllifica,Hymen- 

optera). 


East  Indies 


East  Indies 


Italy      .... 


Smyrna  and  Con- 
stantinople. 


Calcutta,  Bombay, 
Africa,  United 
States,  &c. 


Forvamiahes 


440tOD«. 


For  dyeing  .... 
Various,  and  well  known 


Used  for  fishing-lines. 


Dyeing,  and  in  medi- 
cine. 


For  various  pharma- 
ceutical and  econo- 
mical purposes. 


177 


277  tons. 


24  loos. 


Class  A. — Organic  Section.    Section  2.  Vegetabi£  Substances. 

Subaection  lat^  Oila  and  Balaama. 


Essential  oils  of^ 
Cassia  .     .     . 


Cinnamon  . 

lavender   . 
Cloves  .     . 


Nutmegs 


Lauraceae . 


Lauracen . 


Cinnamomum  Zey- 

lanicum.      Var. 

cassia. 
Cinnamomum  Zey- 

lanicum. 
l^vandula  Spica  .    Labiatse 
Caryophyllus   aro-  jMjTtacciB 

maticus.  I 

Myristica  moschata  Myristicaceae 


Hamburgh 


Cevlon  and  the 

Fast  Indies. 
Hamburgh 
Holland      •     . 

Hamburgh 


In  perfumery  and  con- 
fee  tioner^-. 

Perfumery  and  confec- 

tionery. 
Perf^miery  .     .     .     .        • 
Perfumery  and  confec-  |224 

tionery.  i 

Perfumery  and  confec-  '     • 

tionery. 


84  lbs. 


lbs. 


KnroDOM.]     Clabs  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Tbansept  Gallery. 


805 


Sciantiflc  Name, 

CoMMueiAL  Naxk. 

or 
Designation. 

CUm  or  Order. 

Whence  Imported. 

Uaei,&c. 

Imports,  18M. 

EttentUd  oili  of— ^eont. 

Lemon-grus    . 

Andropogon   cala- 
mus-aromaticus. 

Graminaceae  . 

Calcutta     .     .     . 

Adulterating    otto    of 
roses,  and  as  a  rube- 
facient. 

50  lbs. 

Juniper      .... 

Junipems  commu- 

Coniferse  .     . 

Hamburgh      .     . 

Pharmaceutical     .     . 

2cwt. 

CetTonella  .... 

mil. 
Citrus  medica 

Aurantiacese . 

Italy      .... 

Perfumery  .... 

* 

Orange  (peel)       .     . 

Citrus  aurantia     . 

Aurantiacese . 

Messina      .     .     . 

Perfumery  .... 

168  lbs. 

Lemon 

Citrus  limonum    . 

Aurantiaceie . 

Messina      .     .     . 

Perfumery   .... 

4cwt. 

Neroli  (orange  flowers) 

Citrus  aurantium  . 

Aurantiaceai . 

Messina      .     .     . 

Perfumery   .... 
Perfumery  .... 

* 

Bergunot  .... 

Citrus  aurantium. 

Aurantiacese . 

Messina      .     .     . 

150. 

Var.  Bergamii. 

Aniseed      .... 

Pimpinella  anisum 

Apiaceae  .     • 

Germany    .     .     . 

Pharmaceutical,  &c.    . 

# 

Peppermint     .     .     . 
Ci^puti  or  kyaputi  . 

Mentha  piperita  . 

LabiatsB    .     . 

New  York  .     .     . 

Pharmaceutical      .     . 

1,000  Ibe. 

Melaleuca  minor  . 

Myrtaceee 

East  Indies 

Pharmaceutical      .     . 

* 

Otto  of  roses  .     .     . 

Rosa  centifolia     . 

Rosaceae   .     . 

Turkey       .     .     . 

Perfumery  .... 

* 

Rosmarinus  com- 
munis. 
Origanum  vulgare 

Labiatie    .     . 

Hamburgh       .     . 

Perfumery  .... 

# 

Thyme 

Fixed  oils  of- 

Labiatae    .     . 

Hamburgh       .     . 

Pharmaceutical      .     . 

* 

Poppy-seed     .     .     . 

Papaver   somnife- 

Papaveraceae 

France       .     .     . 

As  salad  oil,  &c.     .     . 

Stuns. 

Pea-nut      .... 

rum. 
Arachis  hypogsea 

Fabacese  .     . 

W.  Coast  of  Africa 

Dressing  cloths,  &c.    . 

80  to  90  tuns. 

OUve  oil  (8  varieties) 

Olea  Europsea 

Oleaceae    .     . 

South  Europe 

Dressing  woollen  cloths, 

&c. 
Machinery,  &c.      .     . 

10,038  tuns. 

Rape  oil  (2  varieties) 

Brassica  napus 

Cruci  ferae 

Antwerp     ... 
East  &  West  Indies 

20  tuns. 

Castor  oil  .... 

Ricinus  communis 

Euphorbiaceae 

Pharmaceutical      .     . 

45  tuns. 

Seed  oil      .... 

Jatropha  curcas    . 

Euphorbiaceae 

Lisbon  .... 

Burning  in  lamps,  and 
dressing  woollen  cloths 

700tims. 

Palm  oil     ...     . 

Elais  Guineensis  & 

Palmaceae 

W.  Coast  of  Africa 

Making  soap,  &c.  .     . 

16.252  tons. 

Cocos  but  vracea. 
Cocos  nucifera 

Coker,  coco,  or  cocoa- 

Palmaceae 

Singapore  and  Ma- 

Making soap,  stearine 

340  tuns. 

nat  oil. 

nilla. 

candles,  &c. 

Oil  of  mace     .     .     . 

Myristica  mos- 
chata. 

Myristicaceae 

East  Indies      .     . 

Pharmaceutical  and 
confectionery. 

# 

Oil  of  bays      .     .     . 

Laurus  nobilis 

Lauraceae .     . 

Trieste       .     .     . 

Veterinary  medicine  . 

* 

VegeUble  Ullow  .     . 
Balifimt — 
Tolu 

Croton  sebifenim . 

Euphorbiaceae 

China    .... 

Sent  for  experiment    . 

# 

Mvrospemiiun  to- 
luifcnim. 

Fabaceae  .     . 

Savanilla    .     . 

Pharmaceutical      .     . 

# 

Pern 

MvrosDennum  Pe- 

Fabaceas   .      . 

CAllao   .... 

Pharmaceutical 

* 

ruifcrum. 

Copaiba      .... 

Copaifcra    multi- 
ju^a  and  other 
species. 

Fabaccaj  .     . 

South  America     . 

Pharmaceutical      .     . 

11  tons. 

Canada        .... 

Abies  balsamea    . 

Coiiiferae  .     . 

Quebec,  &c.     .     . 

Pharmaceutical,  &c.    . 

* 

Subsection  2nd^  Fruits,  Xuts^  &rc. 


Mangoes  (pickled)  . 
Tamarinds     .     .     . 

Guava  jelly    .     .     . 

Limes  (preserved)   . 
Olives    ^French    and 

Spani<in.) 
Cranberries  .     • 


Capers 


Currants  or  Corinths  (6 

varieties.) 
Raisins  (6  varieties) 
Prunes 

Pomegranates     . 
Dates.  TafUat  and  white 
Figs  (3  varieties)     .     . 


Mangifcra  indica 

ITamarindus  indica 

I 

iPsidium  pyriferum 

Citrus  Lima     . 
Olea  Europara 

Oxyroccus  macro- 
carpus. 

Capparis  flpinosa 
('1  he  flower  buds 
pickled). 

Vitis  vinifcra  . 


Vitaccne    . 
Drupacea? 


Fig  cake  . 
Ground  nats 


Vitis  vinifera  . 
Pniniis  (lomcstica 

(var.  1*.  .Juliana). 
Puiiica  granata  .  Myrtacea? 
Pha.'nix  dactylifera  iPalmaccai 
Fie  us  carica    .     .    Moraceae  . 


Anacardiacese 
Fabacea;  . 

Myrtaceae 

Aiirantiaccse 
Oleaceae    . 

Vacciniaceae . 

Capparidaceae 

Vitaceae    . 


Pistachio  nuts  .     . 

Almonds  (4  varieties)  . 


Compressed  figs  and  Mornceae  . 

almonds.  [ 

Aracliis  hypogJi?a.    Fabacea* 


Pistacia  vera 
Amygdalus    com- 
munis. 


Anacardiaceae 
Dniimcea* 


Calcutta 

Fast  and  West  In- 
dies. 

South  America  and 
West  Indies. 

South  America 

Spain,  France,  &c. 

Xorth  America     . 
France  .     .     •     . 

The  Greek  Islands 

South  Europe  .     . 
France  .... 

I  Lisbon.  &c.      .     . 
Uarbary  and  Egypt 
Turkey,    (Jreece, 

and  Malaga. 
Alicant 

W.  Coast  of  Africa 

Turkey  and  Greece 
Barbarj',  Spain,  Si- 
cily, and  Smyrna 


\s  a  pickle  .... 
\s  a  preserve,  and  me- 
dicinal. 
is  a  pre8cr\'e,  and  me- 
dicinal. 
Table  fruit  .... 
Table  fruit  .... 

Culinary  fruit  .     . 

Culinary  purposes  .     . 

Culinary  fruit  .     .     . 

Culinarj-  and  table  fruit. 
Table  fruit  .... 

Table  fruit  .  .  .  . 
Table  fruit  .... 
Table  fruit  .... 


150  gallons. 
20  tons. 

2^  tons. 

1 5  cwt. 
420  gallons. 

370  gallons. 

3 1  tons. 

5,450  tons. 

2,795  tons. 
rJ3  tons. 


4  tons. 
358  tons. 


Table  fruit  .... 

For  eating,  but  chiefly 

for  expressing  oil. 
Kdible  fruit. 
Table  fruit  .... 


2|  tous. 
400  quarters. 

r>7  tons. 


806 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


[UXIIED 


Seieatific  Name, 

OOMKKBCIAL    NAMB. 

or 
Deadgnation. 

Claas  or  Order. 

Whence  Imported. 

Uses,&e. 

Impaita,lSM. 

Small  nuts,  or  hazel-nuts 

Corylus  avellana  . 

Gorylaces  (or 

Spain,  Turkey,  and  .Table  fruit  .     •     .     . 

44,100  boshete. 

(5  varieties). 

Amentaceae) 

Sicily. 

Hickory  nuts      •     .     . 

Carya  alba      .     . 

Juglandaces. 

North  America    .  .Table  fruit  .     •     •     . 

20bii8hdf. 

Peccan,  or  Pekan  nuts  . 

Carva  olivsformis 
Juglans  regia  .     . 

Juglandacee . 

North  America    •  ;TabIe  fruit  .... 

• 

Walnuts 

Juglandacese . 

France  and  Italy  .  .Table  firuit  .... 

2,000  bushels. 

Chestnuts 

Castanea  vesca     . 

CorylacesB     . 

Spain     ....   Table  fhiit  .... 
North  America    .   Table  fruit  •     .     .     • 

600  bushels. 

American  chestnuts 

Castanea  Ameri- 

Gorylaceee 

150  bushels. 

Cashew  nuts  •     •     .     . 

cana. 
Anacardium  occi- 
dentale. 

Anacardiacese 

East  and  West  In-  Table  fhdt  .... 
dies. 

• 

Sapucaya,  or  Sapucaia 

nuts. 
Para,  Castana,  or  Brazil 

nut. 
Surahwa,  or  Suwarrow 

Lecythis  oUaria    . 

LecythidacesB 

Para      ....   Table  fruit  .... 

lOObosheb. 

Bertholcttia  exoelsa 

Lecythidacese 

Para  and  Ceara    .   Table  fhiit  .... 

as^SOObnsh^. 

Caryocar   butjno- 

Rhizobolacess 

South  America     .   Table  fruit  .... 

• 

nut. 

sum. 

Coker,  coco,  or  cocoa 
nut. 

Cocos  nucifera 

West  Indies  and 

Table  frnit  .... 

South  America. 

Yegetable-ivoiy  nuts    . 

Phytelephas     ma- 
crocarpa. 

Palmacese 

Lima  and  Callao  . 

Making  small  articles, 
to  imitate  ivory. 

27,000  nuta. 

Coquillanuts      •     •     • 

Attalea  funifera   . 

PalmacesB 

Para      •     •     •     • 

Parasol  handles  and 
other  small  articles. 

6,625  natB. 

Betel  nuts      •     •     •     . 

Areca  catechu 

Palmaceee 

Calcutta     •     •     . 

Carbonized  and  pow- 
dered, it  is  used  as  a 
dentifrice. 

5ewt. 

Tonquinbean     •     •     • 

Dipteriz  odorata  . 

Fabaceee  •     . 

Maranham.     •     . 

Perfuming  snuff^  &c.  . 

• 

Subsection  Srd,  Materia  MedicOj  or  Medicinal  Products, 


Sarsaparilla  (3  varieties) 

Quassia,  or  bitter  wood 
Iceland  moss  .  .  • 
Cassia  fistula      •     •     • 

American  spikenard  . 
White  oak  .... 
Black-cherry  bark  .  . 
Biaiden  hair  .... 

Lobelia 

Milkweed 

Solomon's  seal    .     .     . 

Algaroba,  or  locust-pods 

Matico 

Buchu  leaves      •     .     • 

Chiretta,  or  chirayta     . 

Chamomile  flowers  .     . 

Senna  leaves  (East  In- 
dian). 

Senna  leaves  (Alexan- 
drian). 

DiUseed 

Quince  seeds  •  •  • 
Cocculus  Indicus     •     • 

Indian  hemp  .... 
Chicory-root .     •     •     . 

Rose  leaves  .... 
Pomegranate  bark  .  . 
Worm  seed  .... 
Juniper  berries  .     •     . 

Cardamoms  (2  varieties) 

Guinea  grains,  or  grains 
of  paradise. 

Caraway  seed  (2  varie- 
ties). 

Cumin  seed    .... 

Fenugreek  seed  .     .     . 


Smilax  officinalis  . 

Picrsena  ezcelsa  . 
Cetraria  Islandica 
Cathartocarpus  fis- 
tula. 

Aralia  racemosa  . 
Quercus  alba  .     . 
Prunus  Virginica. 
Adiantum  pedatum 
Lobelia  innata 
Asclcpias  Syriaca 
Convallaria  multi- 
flora. 
Ceratonia  Siligna. 


Artanthe  elongata 
Barosma  crenata, 

and  other  species. 
Agathotes  chirayta 
Anthemis  nobilis  . 
Cassia  elongata    . 

Cassia  acutifolio, 
and  other  species. 

Anethimi  graveo- 
lens. 

Cydonia  vulgaris  . 

Anamirta  cocculus. 

Cannabis  sativa    . 
Cicorium  intybus. 


Rosa  gallica    .     . 

Pnnica  granatum . 

Artemisia  maritima 

Juniperus  commu- 
nis. 

Elettaria  cardamo- 
mum. 

Amomum  grana  pa- 
radisi. 

Carum  carui    .     . 

ICuminum  cvminum 
iTrigonella  lasnum 
I    grsectim. 


Smilaceao 

Simarubacese 
Lichenes  .     . 
Fabacese  .     . 

AraliacesB 
Corylaceee 
Drupacese 
Filices      .     . 
LobeUacece    . 
AsclepiodacesB 
Liliaceae  .     . 

FabacesD  .     . 


PiperaceeB 
Rutaceae  .     . 

Gentianaces . 
Asteraceee 
FabacesB  .     . 

Fabacess  .     . 

Apiaces  .     . 

Pomaceee .     . 
Meni8i>erma- 

cese. 
Cannabinacese 
Asteracese 

Rosaceae  .     . 
Myrtaceae 
Asteraces 
Coniferae 

Zingibcracese 

Zingibcraceae 

Apiaceae  .     . 

Apiaceac;  .     . 
Fabaceae  .     . 


Tampico,   Lima, 

and  Jamaica. 
Jamaica     .     . 
Hamburgh 
Calcutta     .     . 


>  United  States 


South  of  Europe  . 

Brazil    .... 
Capo  of  Good  Hope 

Calcutta  . 
Hamburgh . 
Bombay      . 

Alexandria 

Leghorn 

Ital 


aia 


Malabar 

Calcutta 
Hamburgh 


Hamburgh 
Barbary 
The  Levant 
Hamburgh 


Madras  and  Java  • 
Guinea  Coast  .     . 

Holland  and  Ger- 
many. 

Malta  and  Sicily  . 

Leghorn  imd  Gcr^ 
many. 


Imported  by  certain 
herb  doctors  in  rather 
large  quantities. 


For  the  mucilage,  but 
principally  fbr  feed- 
ing horses. 


H 


150  tons. 
5chflsti. 


Medicinal,  but  chiefly 
used  for  the  adulter- 
ation of  coffee. 


Veterinary   medicines 


5  ewt. 
Tbttlea. 

5cwt. 
10  ewt. 
U  too. 


15 


UOlbt. 
5loiia. 


3  ewt 

200baes> 

15  ewt. 

1  ton. 

37  tons. 

6  cwt. 
15  ewt. 


KnioDOM.]     CLAflB  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Tbanbept  Gallebt. 


807 


OOMMSBOXAL  NaMI. 


Cabebt     .     .     •     • 
Aniieed  (2  varieties) 

PeraTian  bark    .     . 
Crown,  or  Loza. 
Aih,  or  Jaen. 
Grey,  or  silver. 

Royal  yellow. 
Pink  root .     •     . 


P^uelrabrava     • 

Aiistdochia  root 

Galangalroot 
Oasearilla  bark  . 
Snake  root     .     . 
Squill  root     .     • 
Cootrayerva  root 

Black  hellebore  . 
Angelica  root     • 

China  root  .  . 
Bhatany  root.  . 
Iris,  or  orris  root 
Calumba  root 

He,  or  male  jalap 

Jalap  (true)  •  . 
Rhubarb  (2  varieties)  . 


Gentian  root .     . 

SassafhM  root 

Sassafras  bark 
Liquorice  root    . 

Ipecacuanha  root 

Colocynth  apples 


Sdentifie  Name, 

or 

Derignation. 


Claa  or  Order. 


Piper  cubeba  .     . 
Pimpinella  anisum 

Several  species  of 
Cinchona. 


Piperacese 
Apiacese  • 

RubiacesB 


Spigelia    Marilan-  Spigeliaceoe 

Cissampelos  pareira  Menisper- 

maces. 

Aristolochia     ro- 
tunda. 

Alpinia  galanga   • 

Canella  alba    .     . 

Polvgala  senega   . 

Sciila  Maritima    . 

Dorstenia   contra- 
yerva. 

Helleborus  niger  . 

Archangelica  offi- 
cinalis. 

Smilax  China  .     . 

Krameria  triandra 

Iris  florentina  .     . 

Cocculus  palmatus  Menisper- 

I    maceae. 

Ipomsea  orizabensis  Convolvulacese 


Aristolochi- 

aceae. 
Zingiberacee 
Canellaccae  (?) 
Pol^galese 
Liliacese   .     . 
Moracese  .     . 

Ranunculacese 
Apiaces  .     • 

Smilaces 
Polvgalese 
Iridaceie  .     . 


Whence  Imported. 


Brazil   .... 
Germany,  Holland, 

and  AJicant. 
South  America     . 


Ezogonium  purga 

Root  of  one  or  more  j 
plants  of  the  ge- 
nus riieum. 

Gentiana  lutea 

Sassafras  officinalis 

Sassafras  officinalis 
Glycyrrhiza  glabra  Fabacese  . 

Rubiaccse . 


Convolvulacese 
Polygonacese. 

Gentianaceoe 
Lauraccffi.     . 
I^Auraces 


Ccpbaelis  ipecacu- 
anha. 

Citrullus       colo- 
cjTithis. 


Cucurbitocc® 


United  States  . 

South  America 

South  of  Europe 

Singapore  •  . 

Nassau  .     .  . 

New  Orleans  . 

Malta    .     .  . 
St.  Vincent 

Hamburgh .     . 
Hamburgh .     . 

China    .     .     . 
Peru      .     .     , 
Leghorn  &  Trieste 
Mozambique   . 

Mexico       .     . 

Vera  Cruz  .     . 
Turkey    and    the 
East  Indies. 

Hamburgh     and 

Marseilles. 
North  America     . 


North  America     . 
Naples    and    Ger- 
many. 
Rio  Janeiro     .     . 

Spain,  Smyrna,  and 
Mogadorc. 


Utei,&c 


Medicinal 


Imports,  1850. 


8  tons. 
1|  tons. 

35  tons. 


Perfumery,  &c..     •     • 

As  a  substitute  for  true 
Jalap. 


8  tons. 
U  tons. 
15  cwt. 

12  bales. 


3  tons. 


2  tons. 

15  tons. 
25  tons. 


6  tons. 
30  cwt. 

5  tons. 
20  bales. 
20  chests. 


Subtection  4<A,  Vegetable  Juices  ctnd  Extracts j  ice. 


Liquorice  juice  and  ex- 
tract. 

Indian  rubber,  or  caout- 
chouc (5  varieties). 

Gutta  percha.     .     .     . 

Burgundy  pitch .     .     . 

Frankincense      .     .     . 

Bosin  (2  varieties)  .     . 
Gums  and  Gum  Resins, 

Jtc— 

Copal  ^African)    .     . 

Copal  (Australian) 

Copal  (South  America) 
Anime 

Aloes  (Hepatic)    .     . 

Aloes  (Cape)   .     .  . 

Aloes  (Cayenne)  .  . 

Aloes  (Indian)      .  . 

Aloes  (Socotrine).  . 

Aloes  (Barbadocs)  . 

Extract  of  logwood  . 

Extract  of  rbatany  root 
Gum  Kino       •     .     • 


Glycyrrhiza  glabra 

Siphonia  elastica  . 

Isonandra  gutta  . 
Abies  excelsa  .  . 
Abictis  resina 


Fabac<»e  . 

Moraceflc  . 

Sapotacese 
;Coni ferae  . 
'Coni  ferae  . 


HymcnaBa  (Sp.  ?)      Fabaceie 
Dammara  Australia  Conifene 


H>'mcmea  (Sp.  ?) 
Ilvmenaea    Cour- 

bariL 
AUie       socotrina 

(various). 
Aloe  spicata  . 
AKie  indica  (?) 
Aloe  indica 
Aloe  socotrina 
Al()c  vulgaris  . 
lloumatoxylon  cam 

pcchianum. 
Krameria  triandra 
Pterocarpus    mar- 

supium  (?). 


Fahacca?   . 
Fabaccffi  . 

Liliaccae   . 

iLiliacetc  . 

Liliacca;  . 

Liliacea;  . 

I^iliacero  . 

UliaceiC  . 

Fabacese  . 

PolygalcoB 
Fabacea*  . 


Italy  and  Sicily 

Maranham . 

Singapore  .     . 
Hamburgh. 
Hamburgh.     . 

United  States  . 


Sierra  Leone    . 
Australia  and  New 

Zealand. 
Brazil    .... 
Uombay      .     .     . 


Bombay 


Me<licinal    and    other  40  tons. 

purposes. 
Ver}'  various    .     .     .    500  tons. 


Very  various  .  .  . 
Pharmaceutical  .  . 
Pharmaceutical  and  for 

incense. 
Various 


Vaminh 
Varnish 

Varnish 
Varnish 


Me<licinal 


Capeof  Clood  Hope  Medicinal 


Cura^'oa 
Calcutta 
Bombay 
West  Indies     . 
South  America 

Lima  andCallao 
Last  Indies 


Metlicinai 
Me<iicinal 
iMe<iicinal 
Me<iicinal 
Medicinal 

Mcilicinal 
Medicinal 


280  tons. 
10  cwt. 

500  tons. 


17  tons. 
14  tons. 

2  tons. 
17  tons. 


.    2  tons. 
.    6  tons. 

.  :3  tons. 


808 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WABES.         [Ukited 

NoBTH  Transept  Gallery. 


COMICKBCIAL  NaMX. 


Gums  and  Gum  Resins, 
&c. — ami. 

Manna 

Opium 


Gamboge  (2  varieties) 


Scientific  Name, 

or 

Designation. 


Omus  Europaea    . 
Papaver   somnife- 

rum. 
Hebradendron  cam- 
bogioides. 

Vegetable  Wax     .     .  jCorypha  cerifera  . 
Dragon's  blood  (2  va-  Calamus  draco  (?) 
rieties). 


Guaiacum  .... 
Red  gum    .... 

Yellow  Gum    .     .     . 

Gum  Ammoniacum  . 

Gum    Assafoetida   (2 

varieties). 
Scammony  (2  varieties) 

Gum  Benzoin  (5  va- 
rieties'). 
Gum  olibanum      .     . 


Gum  myrrh  (2  varie- 
ties). 
Gum  juniper    .     .     .   Callitris      quadri- 


Guaiacum  officinale 

Xanthorrhoea    ar- 
borea. 

Xanthorrhoea  hasti- 
lis. 

Dorema  ammonia- 
cum. 

Ferula  assafoetida 

Convolvulus  scam- 

monia 
Styrax  Benzoin     . 

Boswellia  thurifera 


Clan  or  Order. 


Whence  Imported. 


Oleaceae    .     .  'Sicily    . 
PapaveracesB .    Smyrna. 


Balsamodendron 
mvrrha. 


Gum  mastic 


valvis. 
Pistacia  lentiscus . 


Gums  Arabic,  Senegal,  Various  species  of 
gedda,  Barbary,  &c.  '     Acacia. 


Turpentine  (4  varie- 
ties.) 


Pinus  palustris  and 
Pinus  tceda. 


Palmaces 
Palmacese 


Zy^phyll 
Libaceae 


Liliaceae  .     . 
Apiacese  .     . 
Apiacese  .     . 
Convolvulacese 
Styracese  .     . 
Amyridacee 
Amyridacese 
Coniferae  .     . 


'Africa  . 


Para  and  Ceare 
Calcutta     . 


West  Indies 
Swan  River 

Swan  River 

Bombay 

Bombay 

Smyrna. 

East  Indies 

East  Indies 


East    Indies    and 

Turkey. 
Mogadore  .     .     . 


Anacardiacese   Constantinople 


Fabaceoe  . 
Coniferae  . 


East    Indies    and 

Africa. 
North  America     . 


Usetyfrc 


Medicinal 
Medicinal 


Impoffti^  lUO. 


Medicinal,    and    for 
water  colour  painting. 

Making  candles,  &e.    . 

Staining  horn,  and  pro- 
ducing an  imitation 
of  tortoiseshell. 

Medicinal    . 

Varnishes    . 

Varnishes  . 

Medicinal  . 

Medicinal  . 

Medicinal  . 

Medicinal,  and  for  var- 
nishes, &c. 

Medicinal,  and  for  var- 
nishes, &c. 

Medicinal,  and  for  var- 
nishes, &c. 

Varnishes    .... 

Varnishes    .... 
Various  purposes  •     . 

Various  purposes  .     . 


21  cwt. 
15ehM(i. 


1  ton. 
7tooa. 

17  toot. 

2  toot. 
12  cwt. 

4  tons. 

5  tont. 
Stont. 

12ewt. 
32  toot. 

470  toot. 


Subsection  5M,  Dyemff  Materials, 


Nicaragua  wood  (2  va- 
rieties). 
Green  Ebony      .     .     . 

Camwood       .... 

Sapan  wood   .... 
Brazillets  wood  .     .     . 

Zante,  or  Young  Fustic 

Barwood 


Logwood  (5  varieties)  . 


Red  Sande,  or  Red  San- 
dal wood. 
St.  Domingo  Fustic .  . 
Lananilla  Fustic  .  . 
Cuba  Fustic  .... 
Rio  Brazil  wood  .     .     . 

Annotto,  or  Annatto, 
and  Annatto  seeds. 

Munjeet,  or  Indian  mad- 
der, or  Bengal  madder 

Safflower  (Bengal)   .     . 


Caesalpinia     echi- 

nata. 
Jacaranda     ovali- 

folia. 
Baphia  nitida  .     . 

Caesalpinia  Sappan 
Caesalpinia    baha- 

mensis. 
Rhus  cotinus  .     . 

Baphia  nitida  .     . 


Haematoxylon  cam- 
pechianum. 


Ptcrocarpus  Santa- 

linus. 
Madura  tinctoria 
Maclura  tinctoria 
Madura  tinctoria 
Caesalpinia  brasili- 

ensis. 
Bixa  orellana  .     . 


Safflower  (Bombay) .     . 
Yellow  berries  (Persian) 


Rubia  cordifolia  . 
tinc- 
tinc- 


Fabacesc  .     . 

Bignoniaccee . 

Fabaccae  .     . 

Fabaceae  .     . 
Fabacesc  . 

Anacardiaceae 

Fabaceae  .     . 

Fabaceae  .     . 

Fabaceae  .     . 

Moraceae  .  . 

Moraccse  .  . 

Moraceae  .  . 

Fabaccae  .  . 

Flarconrtiaceae 

Rubiaceae 

Compositae     . 

Compositae     . 

Rhamnaceae  . 


Carthamus 

tonus. 
Carthamus 

tori  us. 
Rhamnus   infecto- 
rius. 
Yellow  berries  (Turkey)   Rhamnus   infecto-   Rhamnaceae 

rius. 
Lima   orchella,  or  Ar-  Roccella  tinctoria   |Lichencs  . 

chella  weed.  I 

Orcbclla  weed    .     .     .    Angola 


Rio  de  la  Hache  & 

Lima. 
Brazil    .... 

Sierra  Leone  and 
Trade  Town. 

Calcutta     .     . 

Nassau  (New  Pro- 
vidence). 

Zante,  Patras,  and 
Ithaca. 

The  West  Coast  of 
Africa,  Old  Ca- 
labar. 

St.  Domingo,  To- 
basco,  Honduras, 
Jamaica,  Cam- 
peachy. 

Calcutta     .     .     . 

St  Domingo    .     . 
Lananilla   .     .     . 
Island  of  Cuba 
Rio  de  Janiero 

South  ^Vmcrica     . 

Bombay  Calcutta, 

&c. 
Calcutta  (in  bales) 

Bombay  (in  bales) 

The  Levant 

Smyrna  and  Con- 
stantinople. 

Lima  and  Valpa- 
raiso. 

Capo     de    Verde 

^    Islands. 


570  tons. 
30  tons. 

no 


120  tout. 
76  tont. 


Red  dye       .... 

Dyeing  pink,  making 

rouge,  &c. 
Dyeing,  &c 

Dveing     (particularly 

leather). 
Dyeing     (particularly 

Morocco  leather). 
In  manufacturing  the 

dye  called  ordull. 


356 
350  toot. 

1,700  tont. 

246  tont. 

1130  toot. 
460  tou. 
220  toot. 
320  tons. 

8  tont. 

525  tons. 

4  tont. 

12  tont. 

115  tont. 

115  torn. 

2  tont. 

8  tont. 


I 


KnfODOM.]     Clam  29.— -MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


809 


COIIMXBCIAL  NAMK. 


Madder  roots  (3  varie- 
ties). 
Turmerio 


Quercitron  bark  (2  va- 
rieties). 
Alkaoet  root .... 

Caracas  indigo  .  .  . 
Onde  indigo  .... 
Bengal  inoAso  .  .  . 
Sumach  or  snumach 

French  sumach  .     .     . 
Fine  ground  Sicilian  su- 
mach. 
Tyrol  ground  sumach  . 
Garancine     .... 


Scientific  Name, 

or 

Derigmtion. 


Dutch  ground  madder  . 
French  ground  madder 
Spanish  ground  madder 


Rubia  tinctorum  . 
Curcuma  Longa  '. 

Qnerous  tinctoria 
Radix  anohussB 


RhusCoriaria. 


CImm  or  Order. 


Rubiacee.     . 
ZingiberacesB 


Corylac< 
Borsginacese . 


Whence  Imported. 


Uses,&e. 


Anacardiaceee 


Turkey,  the  Levant,  Dyeing 

and  combay.        i 
Bombay,  Calcutta,  jPrincipally  for  dyeing; 

and  Madras.  it  is  used  in  curries. 


Philadelphia    and   For  dyeing  .... 

Baltimore.  | 

Hamburg  and  South  Gives  a  red  colour  to 


Import*,  is&o. 


of  France. 
Brazil  .... 
Calcutta  .  .  . 
Bombay  .  .  . 
Sicily     and      the 

South  of  Europe. 
Marseilles  .     .     . 
Palermo     .     .     . 

Trieste       .     .     . 


oils,  fats,  and  wax. 


For  dyeing  . 


Rotterdam . 
Marseilles  . 
Seville  .     . 


A  dye  formed  by  semi- 
carbonizing  finely 
powdered  madder 
with  sulphuric  acid  at 
atemperaturoof212®. 


2,985  tons. 
414  tons. 

514  tons. 
5cwt. 


7  tons. 
21  tons. 
350  tons. 

93  tons  15  cwt. 
93  tons  15  cwt. 

93  tons  15  cwt. 
30  tons. 


270  tons. 
30  tons. 
10  tons. 


Subtectkm  6/ A,  Tctnning  Mtiterialt, 


Oak  or  tanners'  bark  (2 

varieties). 
I>ivi  divi  (3  varieties)  . 


Cork  tree  bark   •     .     . 
Algarobilla    .... 

Valonia  (3  varieties)     . 
Myrobolans  (2  qualities) 


Quercus    (various 

species). 
Csesalpina  coriaria 


Quercus  suber 
Prosopis  pallida   . 

Quercus  spgilops  . 
Terminalia  chebula 


Corylaceae 
Fabaces. 


Cory  lac  esB 
Fal>ace«  . 


Holland  and  Bel- 
gium. 

Rio  de  la  Hache, 
Savanilla,  and 
Maracaibo. 

Rabat   .... 

Valparaiso .     .     . 


For  tanning  leather     .    514  tons. 


Cory  lac  eaj      .    Smyrna.     .     . 

Combrctaceae    iCalcutta  and  Bom-   For  dyeinj;  yellow  and   831  tons. 


160  tons. 
A  substitute  for  divi  400  tons. 

divi  in  tanning. 
A  tanning  material. 


bay. 


black  colours. 


Subgeciion  7/A,  Spiers. 


Cinnamon 
Cassia.     . 


Clove  bark    .     *     . 
Ginger  (3  varieties) 


Cinnamomum  zey- 

lanicum. 
Cinnamomum  zcy- 

lanicum,       var. 

Cassia. 
Dicj'pellium  cary- 

ophyllatum. 
Zingiber  otflcinale 


Mace 

Nutmegs  (Cape  and  Pc- 
nang). 

Wiki  or  shell  nutmegs  . 

Cloves 


I^uraccse .     . 
Lauraceae .     . 

I^mraccs . 
Zingiberaceac 


Ceylon  and  Madras 
China,  &c.  .     .     . 

Brazil    .... 


M}Tistica  moschatalMyristicaceae 
Myristica  moschata  Myristicacca? 


Kast  and  West  In- 
dies, and  Sierra 
Leone. 
East  Indies 
Kast  India  Island, 
Cape    of    (;ood 
Hope. 
Myristica     Mada-  !Myristicace«p    ;  Madagascar. 

gascariensis.         '  • 

Car}-ophyllus   aro-    Myrtaccte      .  tPhillipine  Island  . 
maticus.  | 

Pepper  (l)lack  and  white,  Piper  nigrum.     .  jPi|)erace£c      .  j  Kast  Indies      .     . 

4  varieties).  ;  ;  I    ^ 

Pimento     cur     Jamaica  ;  Eugenia  pimenta  .    Myrtaceie      .  , West  Indites, 
pepper. 


4  tons. 
:21  tons. 


24  tons. 
10  cwt. 


13  boxes. 
379  tons. 


SuhvrtioH  8/A,  Oil  Sitfis. 


Niger  seed  ....  Verbcsina  fuitiva  .  \steracoic 
Rape  seed  ....  Bra»sica  napus  .  <'nicifera> 
Gingelli      or    scsamum  ;Sesamum  oricntulc  ,l*e<laliacca; 

S€»d.  .  ' 

Linseed  (3  varieties)    .  fLinum    usitatibsi-  Linaceo?    . 

I    mum. 


Kast  ImlicM 

Kast  IndioA 

(Kast  Indies 


I'.xprrsHinf;  oil  . 
Kxprrssing  oil  . 
Expn^sing  oil  . 


Kant  hidicfi.  Kgypt,  Expressing  oil 
and  Russia. 


.  370  qrs. 

.  7<>0  qm. 

.  .1,7(10  l»a^'s. 

.  '2,()00<|rs. 


810 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

NoBTH  Transept  Gallebt. 


[Uhited 


COMXXSCIAL  NaMI. 


Poppy  seed  (2  varieties) 


Marking  nuts     .     •     • 

Castor  oil  seeds  .     •     • 
Cotton  seed  .... 

Croton  nuts,  physic  nuts 
Hemp  se^  (3  varieties) 

Mustard  seed  (brown)  . 


Mustard  seed  (white)   • 


Scientific  Name, 

or 

Designation. 


Papaver   somnife' 
rum. 

Semecarpus  anacar- 

dium. 
Ricinus  communis 
Goseypium  herba- 

ceum. 
Jatropha  ourcas   . 
Cannabis  sativa    . 

Sinapis  nigra  •     . 


Sinapis  alba    . 


Clan  or  Order. 


Papaveraeese . 


Anacardiacese 

Eupl 
Mal¥ 


Euphorbiacese 
vacesB 


Euphorbiacese 
Cannabinacese 

CrucifersB 


CrucifersB 


Whence  Imported. 


East  Indies,  Hol- 
land, and  Ger- 
many. 

Calcutta     .  .     . 

East  Indies      .     . 
New  Orleans  •     • 

Cape  de  Yerd  .     . 
Sicily,      Holland, 

and  Russia. 
Holland    and   the 

East  Indies. 

Holland  and  the 
East  Indies. 


Utesy  fce. 


Expressing     oil     and 
feeding  small  birds. 

Expressing  oil,  &c. 


•     •     • 


Medicinal  oil 
Expressing  oil  . 


Expressing  oil  .  •     • 

Expressing     oil  and 

feeding  small  birds. 

Expressing     oil  and 

grinding   into  flour 

mustard. 

Expressing     oil  and 

grinding   into  floor 

mustard. 


lapocti^  ItSO. 


5  tons. 


130  qrs. 

1,700  qis. 
1,700  qrs. 


Subsectum  9thj  Agricultural  Seedg, 


Lucerne  .  .  . 
Timothy  grass  . 
Parsnip  •  .  . 
Italian  ryegrass. 
Canary  seed  .  . 
Clover  (American) 

Clover  (Butch)  . 
Millet  seed    .     • 


Medicago  sativa  . 
PUeum  pratense  . 
Pastinaca  sativa  . 
Lolium  Italicum  . 
Phleum  Canariense 
Trifolium  Pennsyl- 

vanicum. 
Trifolium  repens  . 
Panicimi      milia- 

ceum. 


Fabacese  .  . 
Graminacese  . 
Apiaces  .  . 
Graminaceoe  . 
Graminacese  . 
Fabacese  .     . 

Fabacess  .     . 


Hamburgh . 
United  States 
Germany  . 
Leghorn  . 
Germany  . 
United  States 

Rotterdam . 


Feeding  birds 


5  tons. 
2|tons. 
5  tons. 
4qn. 

320toiiik 

3  tons. 


Sub$ectwH  lOfA,  Dietetic  Articles, 


Sugar  (30  varieties  .     . 

Tea  (18  varieties)    .     . 

Rice 

Coffee 

Wheat  and  wheat  flour. 

Barley 

Oats 

Indian  com  and  meal    . 

Peas 

Beans  (Egyptian)  .  . 
Beans  (American)  •  . 
Buckwneat    .     •     .     . 

Lentils 

Purra 


Saccharum  offlcina- 
rum. 

Thea   viridis   and 

Thea  bohea. 
Oryza  sativa    •     . 

Caffca  arabica.     . 


Triticum  sstivum 
andhibernicum. 

Hordeiun  (2  or  3 

species.) 

Avena  sativa  .     . 

Zeamays   .  .     . 

Pisum  sativum     . 

Faba  vulgaris 

Phaseolus  vulgaris 

Fagopyrum  escu- 
lentum. 

Ervum  lens     .     . 

Andropogon  sorg- 
hum. 


Graminacese  . 


Temstrdmi- 

aceae. 
Graminace®  . 

Rubiaceae .     . 


Gramlnacese 


Graminacese  . 

Graminaceee  . 
Graminaceoe  . 

Fabacese  .  . 
Fabaceae  .  . 
Fabacese  .  . 
Polygonacese . 

Fabacese  .  . 
Graminacese  . 


East  and  West 
Indies,  South 
America,  &c. 

China    .... 

United  States  and 

the  East  Indies. 
East     and    West 

Indies  and  South 

America. 
Europe,  North  and 

South  America, 

&c. 
Europe.     .     .     . 

Europe.     .     .     . 

Europe  and  North 
America. 

Europe.     .     .     . 

Egypt  .... 

America     ... 

Holland  and  Ger- 
many. 

Egypt,  &c. .     .     . 

Turkey.     .     .     . 


100,959 

9,117,7S6  Iba. 
4,156  tons. 
3,67s 


Food  for  horses. 


Feeding  cattle,  &c. 


714,406  qrs. 

38,613  qifl. 

25,595  qn. 
497,186  qn. 

19,022  qrs. 
116,646  qrs. 
400  qrs. 
800  qis. 

430  qn. 
130  qn. 


Subsection  1 UA,  Vegetable  Fibres,  Sfc. 


Cotton  wool  (40  varieties 
arranged ;  showing  the 
country,  variety,  value 
per  lb.,  and  the  staple). 


Hemp 


Manilla  hemp 
Jute    •     .     . 


Gossypium  hcrba- 
ccum. 


Cannabis  sativa 


Musa  textilis  .  . 
Corchorus  capsu- 
laris. 


Malvaceae      .  ■  North   and   South 

America^  E^ypt, 
East  Indies,  n  est 
Indies,  and  Port 
Natal. 

Cannabinaccac  i  North  of  Europe, 

East  Indies,  and 
America. 


Palmaceac 
Tiliaceac   . 


East  Indies 
East  Indies 


For  weaving  into  cloths,|322,605 
£cc. 


Weaving  and  making 
cordage. 

Cordage 

Cordage  of  inferior 
qualitv,  matting,  and 
even  for  adulterating 
silk. 


10,300  bales, 
say  5,000 

192  tons. 
12,216  tons* 


KcfODOM.]     Clabb  29.— miscellaneous  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


811 


COMMIBCIAL  NamX. 


Bnsilianjute     .     •     • 

Bcn^l  heinp.     •     ■     • 
Flax  (Dutch,  sod  Egyp- 
tian). 
Tow 

China  giBM   .     .     .     • 
PiaMava  or  Piacaba 
Coir  (rope  and  yam)     • 
Ymtabieiilk    .     .     . 
Faun   leaves   and   leaf 

fibres  of  the  Camanba 

pahn. 
Canes— 

Battan 

Partridge  •  •  •  • 
Blalacca  •  •  •  . 
Bamboo     .... 


Sdentiflc  Name, 

or 

Designation. 


(?) 

Crotalaria  juncea . 
Liuum    .usitatissi- 

mum. 
The  refuse  of  flax 

Bdehmeria  nivea  . 
Attalea  funifera   . 
Cocoa  nucifere 
Chorisia  specioea . 
Corypha  cerifera  . 


Calamus  verus  and 

others. 
Calamus  niger  (?) 

Calamus  zalacca  . 

Bambusa    arundi- 
nacea. 


ClaaB  or  Order. 


FabacesB  . 
LinacesB   • 


Urticacse  . 

Palmaceffi 

PalmaceaB 

Malvaceae 

Palmaceee 


PalmacesB      . 
Palmaccie 
Palmacetc 
GraminacecB  . 


Whence  Imported. 


Para     .... 

East  Indies      .     . 
Holland,  Egypt,  &c. 


Una^&e. 


Only  a  small  quantity 

for  experiment. 
Coarse  iMffging.     .     . 
Weaving  Unen  cloth   . 


Holland  and  Italy     Surgical  purposes,  stuff- 
ing, &c. 
Weaving  fine  linen     .   320  bales. 
Making  brushes,  &c.  •   900  tons. 

Cordage 1,470  tons. 

Stuffing  cushions,  &e.  . 
Imported  for  experiment 


Canton,  &c. 
Brazil  .  . 
East  Indies 
Brazil  .  . 
Brazil   .     . 


East  Indies      .     . 

East    Indies    and 

China. 
East    Indies    and 

China. 
East  Indies,  &c.    . 


Chair  bottoms,  &c. 

Walking  sticks,  &o.     • 

Walking  sticks,  &c.     . 

Principally   for    ships 
dunnage. 


Imports,  IBM. 


81  tons. 
423  tons. 


5,600  bundles. 
1,300  canes. 
900  canes. 


Subtectlon  12<A,  Tmber  and  Hard  Wbodt, 


St.  John  yellow  pine     . 
Quebec  yellow  pine 
American  spruce  pine  . 
Quebec  red  pine      .     . 
Savannah  pitch  pine 
North  American  black 

birch. 
Quebec  rock  elm     •     . 
New  Orleans  oak     .     . 
Quebec  oak   .... 

Riga  oak 

African   oak,    or   teak 

wood. 
Sabicuc  (St.  Domingo) 
Sabicue  (Cuba)  .     . 
Rosewood  (Honduras) 
Rosewood  (Rio) 
RoMswood  (Bahia)    . 
Cedar  (pencil)    .     . 


i 


Cedar  (Honduras)    .     . 
Satinwood  rSt  Domingo) 
Black  wood,  or  East  In- 
dian teak. 
Gatcado,  or  zebra    .     . 

Hemlock  fir  ...     . 
Hackmatack       .     .     . 

Locust 

Mahogany  (Honduras)  . 


Pinus  variabilis  . 

Pinus  variabilis  . 

Abies  rubra     .  . 
Pinus  rcsinosa 

Pinus  palustris  . 

Betula  nigra    .  . 

Ulmus  Americana 

Qucrcus  virons  . 

Quercus  alba  .  . 
Qucrcus  robur 


Two  or  three  unde- 
I     termined  species 
I    of  Triptolomoa. 
•Juniperus  Virgi- 

niana. 
Cedrcia  odorata    . 


l\ 


Omphalobium  Lam- 
berti. 


,  Hymcnapa  courbaril 
Swietcnia  mahagoni 


Conifcnc  .  . 

Conifertc  .  . 

Coni  ferae  .  . 

Coniferae  .  . 

Coniferae  .  . 
Betulaceae 

Ulmacese  .     . 

Corylaceae 

Corylaceae 

Corylaccae 

Euphorbiaoese 


I  Fabaceae     . 

Conifers  .     . 

iCedrclaceac    . 
I     (?) 
(?) 

Connaraceae  . 

Coniferae. 
Conifera*. 
Fabacefc. 
Cedrelaceae    . 


Mahogany  (St.  Domingo)  Swietcnia  mahagoni  CcdrelacetP 


31ahogany  (Cuba)    .     .  iSwictcnia  mahagoni  Cedrelaceae 


Honduras  Brazillctto  . 
^aid  to  be  common 
Brazillctto  dcprive<i 
of  its  colouring  mat- 
ter. This  is  hardly 
probable). 

Tulip  wood    .... 

Lance  wood  .... 

Purple  wood,  or  purple- 
heart. 
American  ash     .     .     . 

Lignum  vitae       .     .  . 

Russian  black  walnut  . 

Australian  mahagony  . 

African  tulip  wood  .  . 

African  yellow  wood  . 


(?) 


(?) 


Brit.  N.  America. 
Brit.  N.  America. 
Brit.  N.  America. 
Brit.  N.  America. 
South  America. 
North  ^\jnerica. 

North  America. 
New  Orleans. 
Brit.  N.  America. 
The  Baltic  Ports. 
W.  Coast  of  Africa 

St.  Domingo. 
Cuba. 

South  America. 

North  America. 

South  ^Vmerica. 
St.  Domingo. 
Calcutta,  &c. 

New  Zealand  and 
Australia. 


; South  America  and 
I     West  Indies. 
South  America  and 
I     West  Indies. 
South  America  and 

West  Indies. 
Honduras. 


i     (?)  (?) 

Duquetia  quitaren-  Anonaccae 

sis.  ' 

Copoifera  pubi  flora  Fabaceae  . 


Fraxinus  America-  Oleaceac 

na. 
(riuiiacum  (Sp.  ?)  . 
Juglans  (Si>.  r)      .    Juglamlaceff . 
I    (?)  |Eucaln»tus(?) 

I     (?S 
I     (?5 


:Ka8t  Indies. 
'Guiana. 

.Guiana. 

North  America. 


Riga. 

Africa. 
.\frica. 


812 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  Gallery. 


rUSTTED 


CoMMiBciAL  Name. 


Bahama  satin  wood  .  . 
Hickory  wood  .  .  . 
Cabbage  wood    .     .     . 

Coromandel  wood    .     . 
Tortoise  wood     .     .     . 
Brazilian  beef  wood 
Horse-flesh,  or  Bahama 
mahogany. 

Yinatica 

CocuS)  or  kokia  wood  . 


Brazilian  satin  wood,  or 

Pao  de  Amarillo. 
Violet  wood  .     . 
King  wood    .     . 
Camaubawood  . 
Botany  Bay  oak 
Angica  wood 
Blue  gum  wood  . 

Bird*9-eye  maple 
Satin  wood  waved 


Brazilian  fancy  wood   . 

Amboyna  wood  (4  va- 
rieties.) 

Green  heart  .... 

Red  wood      .... 

Orange  wood      .     .     . 

Palm3rra  wood  (3  varie- 
ties). 

Porcupine  wood       .     . 

Russian  birch     .     .     . 

Ebony  n>lack)    .     .     . 

Ebony  (variegated).     . 

Snake  or  letter   .     .     . 

Olive  wood  .... 
American  walnut  .  . 
Texican  oak  .... 


Scientific  Name, 

or 

Designation. 


Carya  alba 
£riodendron   an- 
fractuosum. 


Persea  indica  .     . 
Lepidostachys  Rox- 
burghii. 

(?) 

Corypha  cerifera  . 
Casuarina  (?) 

Eucalyptus  Globu- 
lus. 
Acer  saccharinum 
Chloroxylon  Swie- 
tenia. 


Clan  or  Order. 


Juglandacese . 
Sterculiacese . 


$] 


Nectandra  Rodiaei 

(?) 
Citrus  aurantium  . 

Various  species  of 

palm. 
A  species  of  palm 
Betula  Daurica  . 
Diospyrus  ebenus 
Diospyrus  ebenus 
Piratinera    guian- 

ensis. 
Olea  Europea  .     . 
Juglans  nigra  .     . 
Quercus  Mexicana? 


Lauracese 
Scepacese 

(?) 


Palmacese 
Cassuarinacea; 

•  • 

Myrtacee 

Acerineae 
Cedrelacese    . 


Lauraccse 

Aurantiaceae . 
Palmacese 

Palmaccs 
BetulacGse 
Rbenacese 
Ebenacese 
/Vrtocarpacese 

Oleacese  .  . 
Juglandacese . 
Corylaceie 


Whence  Imported. 


!  Nassau. 

Brit.  N.  America. 

Jamaica. 

Coromandel. 
Africa. 
Para. 
Nassau. 

Madeira. 
Cuba. 

Para. 

Para. 

Para. 

Para. 

New  Holland. 

Ceara  and  Para. 

New  Holland. 

North  America. 
West  Indies. 

Para. 
East  Indies. 

Dcmerara. 
Para. 
Sicily. 
East  Indies. 

East  Indies. 
Riga. 

East  Indies. 
East  Indies. 
Guiana. 

Sicilv. 

Nortn  America. 

Texas. 


Vses,fcc 


Impoffti^  18M. 


Imports  of  Timber  and  Hard  Wood  in  1850. 


American  pine  timber    ....    Cubic  feet  5,652,213 

Red  pine Cubic  feet  302,017 

Quebec  deals Standard  of  120  4,517 

Pine  and  spruce  planks  (2  feet)     .    Cubic  feet  24,987,918 

Boards Chibic  feet  501,874 


Birch Cubic  feet  343,709 

Quebec  oak Cubic  feet  354,^^ 

Quebec  ebn Chibic  feet  160,188 

Quebec  ash Cubic  feet  8*334 

Pitch  pine Cubic  feet  30,404 


Timber Cubic  feet 

Deals Standard  of  120 

Battens Standard  of  120 

Poles  and  spars Cargoes 


Baltic  Timber. 


399,255 

1,246 

266 

2 


Billet  (wainscot) Billets 

Staves Standard  of  1,200 

Lathwood Fathoms 


1,103 

50 

702 


Masts  and  spars Pieces 

Ash  oars  and  handspikes     ....      Pieces 
Quebec  staves     ....    Standard  of  1,200 
New  Brunswick,  &c.,  ash 
hogsheads  staves  .     .     .    Standard  of  1,200 


American  Wicked  Timber, 

United  States  staves      .     .    Standard  of  1,200  1^19 

Lathwood Fathoms  950 

101       Railii^'ay  sleepers Pieces  22,S46 


171 

14,309 

225 


Hard  and  Fancy  Woods, 


Mahogany Tons 

Cedar Feet 

Bird's-eye  maple Planks 

Zebra  wood Planks 

Satin  wood Logs 

Rosewood Planks 

lAncewood Spars 


6,812 

149,530 

417 

178 

210 

7,807 

10,653 


Teak Feet  L')1,976 

Greenheart  and  Mora Feet  74,838 

Sabicue Logs  7 

Lignum  vltse Tons  1.770 

Ebony Tons  330 

Cocus  wood Tons  96 


Kingdom.]     Clabs  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  GxiiLERT. 


818 


CoMMiBCiAL  Name. 


Scientific  Name, 

or 

Dcfignation. 


Clam  or  Order. 


Whence  Imported. 


8*ih$ectum  13M,  MivxUaneout, 


Uws,  &c. 


Imports,  1850. 


Hops   . 
Buihcs 


Ilumulus  lupuluB 
Scirpus  lacustris 


Cannabinaccce 
Graminacese  . 


North  America 
Holland      .     . 


For  brewing  beer  . 
Used  by  coopers. 


37  tons. 


Sub§ecti(m  14M,  Tobacco. 


Dutch 

Maryland 

Kentucky  (2  varieties) . 
Virginia  (2  varieties)  . 
Havannah      .... 

Cuba 

Tara 

La  Guayra    .... 

Paraguay 

Columbian     .... 

IpaU 

Manilla 

German 

Turkish 


Latakia  .  .  . 
Chinese  .  .  . 
Manufiu:tured — 

Cigars. 

Roll  (Varinas). 

Roll  (BraxU). 

Cavendish. 

Negro-head. 


Nicotiana  (Sp.  ?)  . 
Nicotiana  tabacum 

Nicotiana  repanda 


Nicotiana  rustica. 

•  • 

Nicotiana  panicu- 

lata. 
Nicotiana  rustica. 
Nicotiana  sinensis 


Solanacese 


Java  .  . 
New  Orleans 
New  Orleans 
New  Orleans 
Cuba  .  . 
Cuba  .  . 
Cuba  .  . 
South  America 
South  America 
South  America 
South  America 
East  Indies 
Hamburgh 
Turkey .     .     . 

Syria     .     .     . 


>  Smoking 


•{ 


Total  quantity 
imported  in 
1850,  25*316 
tons,  131tons. 


Subsection  15M,  Feculat. 


•Tapioca  (Rio)  . 
•Tapioca  (Bahia) 
•Cabsava  powder 
•Farinha  .  .  . 
Sago  (Borneo)  . 
Sago  (granulated) 
Sago  (pearl)  .  . 
Sago  (flour)  .  . 
Arrow  root  (St.  Vincent) 

•Brazilian  arrow  root  . 
Farinha  (potato)      .     . 


Dextrine 


Janipha  manihot . 
Janipha  manihot . 
Janipha  manihot . 
Janipha  manihot . 
Sagiis  laevis      .     . 
SagueniR  Uhumphii 
Saguenis  Rhumphii 
Saguenis  Rhumphii 
Maranta     arundi- 

nacee?. 
Janipha  manihot . 
Solanum  tuberosum  Solanaceae 


Starch  acted  upon 
by  sulphuric  acid 
and  water  at  a 
temperature  of 
200^  Fah. 


Kuphorbiaces 

Fuphorbiaceec 

Kuphorbiacea* 

Fuphorbiacece 

Palmaceoe 

Palmaceae 

PalmaceoB 

Palmaccflc 

Cannacece 

Euphorbiacese 


Rio  de  Janeiro 

Bahia    . 

Brazils  . 

Brazils  . 

Borneo . 

Calcutta 

Calcutta 

Calcutta 

St.  Vincent,  West 

India  Islands. 
Brazils  .... 
France,     Holland, 

and  Germany. 


iFood 
Food 
Food 


700  tons. 
120  tons. 
Small. 


Food 

300  tons. 

Food 

Small. 

Food 

78  tons. 

Food 

425  tons. 

Food 

225  tons. 

Food 

50  tons. 

Food 

7  tons. 

Dressing  textile  fabrics 

160  tons. 

■  • 

. . 

*  These  articles  are  all  formed  from  tlie  same  plant,  the  Rio  Tapioca  b  the  best ;  and  Farinlia  or  Mandiocca  is  the  lowest  qoallty. 


Class  B. — Section  Igty  Metallic, 


COMMEKCIAI.  NaMB. 


Scientific  Name. 


>\lience  Imported. 


i: 


Imports,  18)0. 


Copper Cuprum 


.     .     .     .    South    America,    Aus-    Various '450  tons. 

I     tralia,  &c. 

^{(1(^1 Nickel Hamburgh   ....    Making  German  silver  kc.   20  tons. 

Bismuth!     !     .     .     .     .    Bismuth (iermany      ....    Making  type  metal,  solder,    10  cwt. 

&c.  I 

Antimony I.Vntimonium      .     .     .    Germany      ....    T^pe  metal,  pewter,  «tc.     .    4  tons. 

Tin 'Stannum Malacca    and    Banca,    \arious 70  tons. 

via  Calcutta. 

I^,^^ Plumbum     ....    Malaga,  Si>ain,  kc.       .    Various 200  tons. 

Iron  and  steel    ....    Ferrum Russia,  Sweden,  Trieste,  Various 1,100  tons. 

!    and  North  Brunswick. 


814 


Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MAITOFACTUBES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  Transept  GALiiERT. 


fUKlTED 


COXICSBCIAL  NAMX. 

Scientific  Name. 

Whence  Imported. 

UMi. 

Importa,  ISM. 

Zinc  or  spelter .     •     •     . 

Zincom. 

Antimony  ore  •     •     .     • 

Sulphuret  of  antimony    Germany     .     . 

•     . 

Smelting  for  antimony.     • 

70  tons. 

Copper  ores.     •     •     .     . 

Sulphuret  of  copper    .   Soath     America 

and 

Smelting  for  copper      •     • 

14,030  toofl. 

Australia. 

Copper  ores 

Carbonate   of   copper 

(green). 
Carbonate   of    copper 

South     America 
Australia. 

and 

Smelting  for  copper     •     . 

14,090  tooi. 

Copper  ores 

South     America 

and 

Smelting  for  copper      •     . 

14,060  tons. 

(blue). 

Australia. 

Copper  ores 

Muriate South     America 

and 

Smelting  for  copper     •     • 

\4fiaOtom. 

Australia. 

Copper  regulus      •     .     . 

The  ore  deprived  of  its 
sulphur  by  roasting. 

South  ^Vmerica . 

•          • 

Smelting  for  silver  .     •     . 

750  tons. 

Copper  barilla  .... 

The  ore  deprived  of  its  'South  America . 

•          • 

Smelting  for  silver  .     •     . 

TSOtonf. 

sulphur  by  roasting, 
and  powdered. 

Silver  ores  (3  varieties)   . 

Sulphuret  of  silver.     .   South  America. 

«          • 

Smelting  for  silver  .     .     • 

750  tou. 

Red  arsenic 

Arsenicum     bisulphu- 
retum. 

Holland  .     .     . 

•          • 

As  a  pigment,  &c.   .     .     • 

pitons. 

Lead  ore 

Galena,8ulphuret  of  lead 

Australia    and   North 

Smelting  for  lead     .     •     . 

250  tons. 

America. 

Oxide  of  manganese  (2  va- 

Peroxide of  manganese 

Germany,  Spain,  &c.   . 

Calico  printing  and  glass 
manumctures. 

2,300  tons. 

rieties). 

or  pyrosulite. 

Chromate  of  iron  (3  varie- 

Chromic iron  or  chro- 

United  States,  Sweden, 

ties). 

mite. 

Kussia,  &c. 

Cobalt  ore 

Smaltine      ....    Norway  and  Germany 

Making  smalts,  &c. .     .     . 

lOOtoni. 

Section  2nd,  N<mr3Ietallic, 


Marbles — 

Italian  Bardiglio 

American  Bardiglio 

White  statuary  . 

Veined  statuary. 

Black  and  gold  . 

Sienna      .     .     . 

Belgian  brown    . 

Itaban  dove  coloured    . 

St.  Ann's  (Belgian),  and 
3  other  varieties. 
Phosphate  of  lime  . 
Burr  stone   .     .     . 
Barytcs  (carlwnate) 

Barytes  (sulphated) 
Felspar  .... 


Talc 

Plumbago  or  black 

(5  varieties). 
Amber    .... 


lead 


Asphalt  or  asphaltum 
Emery  (3  varieties) 


Pozzolano 


Pumice  stone 
Brimstone    . 


Brazilian  pebbles 

Aqua  marine     . 

Oriental  topax  . 
Chrysolite    .     . 


Amethyst  .  . 
White  topax  . 
Brazilian  topax . 


Cream  of  tartar  (5  varie- 
ties). 
Argols  (5  varieties)     .     . 

Turkey  umber  .     .     .     . 


^  Fancy  marbles  are  not  often  imported  ;  the  total  quantity  of  all  sorts  is  about  GOO  tons  per 
^     annum. 


rhosphurite.  . 
Mill  stone  grit  . 
Witherite     .     . 


Hepatite. 
Orthose  . 


Silicate  of  magnesia 
Graphite      .     .     . 


Succinum 


Bitumen  var.  asphalte 
Granular  corundum    . 

Puozzolana,  a  volcanic 

product. 
Spongy  obsidian     .     . 
Sulphur 

Rock  crystal     .     .     . 

Silicate  of  alumina  and 

glucinc. 
Silicate  of  alumina 
Silicate    of    magnesia 

and  iron. 
Amethystine  quartz    . 


Fluo-silicate     of    alu- 
mina. 
PotassK  bitortras  .     . 

Impure   bitartrate    of 
potash. 

A  silicate  of  alumina 
combined  \%ith  oxides 
of  iron  and  manga- 
nese. 


New  Jersey 
France    . 
New  York 


New  York    .... 
New    York    and    the 

Mediterranean. 

Calcutta 

North  America,   Ger- 

manv,  and  Ceylon. 
Memef 


New  York   .... 
Naxos,    Smyrna,    and 

Australia. 
Leghorn,  Naples,  &c.  . 

Najples,  Palermo,  &c.  . 
Palermo,  Messina,  &c. 


Rio  de  Janeiro 
Rio  de  Janeiro 


Rio  de  Janeiro 
Rio  de  Janeiro 


Rio  de  Janeiro 
Rio  de  Janeiro 
Rio  de  Janeiro 


As  a  manure 3  tons. 

For  making  large  millstones  50()  tons. 
Manufacture  of  clxloride  of  ;20  tons. 

barium. 
Making  pigments     ...       * 
Porcelain  manufactures     .  1120  tons. 


Various Is  tons. 

Various 1536  tons. 

Ornamental   and    pharmir 
ccutical  purposes. 

Paving.  &c 170  tons. 

For  polishing  metals     .     .    1,200  tons. 

Cement 


400  tons. 
7  tons. 


Polishing 

Making  gunpowder,matches,;  10,650  tons. 

&c.  { 

Spectacle  and  other  optical 

instruments. 
Jewellery 


• 


32,924  carats. 

• 


Jewellery 

As  a  substitute  for  diamonds 

in  jewelling  watches. 
!  As  a  substitute  for  diamonds 

in  jeMcUing  watches. 
:  As  a  substitute  for  diamonds 

in  jewelling  watches. 
As  a  substitute  for  diamonds  15  cwt. 
in  jewelling  watches.  I 

Italy,  Spain,  France,  &c., Manufacture     of    tartaric  210  tons. 

i     acid,  kc. 
Italy,  Spain,  France,  &c.  Manufacture     of    tartaric 

acid,  &c. 
Smyrna  and  Leghorn  .    Pigment 


GOO  tons. 
7  tons. 


Knroroii.]      Clam  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 
North  Traksept  Gau.ekv, 


Todlcrit 


Boncioutd     .     .     . 
II  jdrabonta  of  lime   . 

Tclktw  pmulite  of  potuh   ] 


An  uvilUceouB  earth   l^boro,  lie. 

.  [Cupri  ■ubacetai      .      .    Franco    .      . 
'       uM  biborat*  of  HtdaCatcuIta  .     . 
IT  biboru 

Aclduid  bonclcim 

.     HeyMcine    .      . 


,    Pigment   .... 

.    PiftmciH,  kc.       .     . 

.    L'sed  In  the  tniniifactiircs    3 
of  glnu  and  pottery. 

.    Tied  in  the  muiufactui 
ufgUu  anJ  |ioltfry. 

.    UieJ  ID  the  manufaeliu 
of  glsu  and  pottery. 

.    Chemical 

.    Calico  printing   .     .      . 


272     Aldoci,  Stbpben  Bolton.  &  Co.,  DMin  Blacking 
Wurkt —  Manufliutiireni. 
Sample  of  liquid  bbwking. 

274       Mitchell,  Rev.  Wiu.li)i,   Wwttcish,  Kent— 
Inyeiitar. 

Buf^  and  horn  of  a  bull,  with  iron  franie,  and  Htuffcd 
boAr  attached,  wilJi  motto,  iu  eleven  differiuit  Inngiiageo. 

Th*  goring  oxen  buffer  hiu  been  invented  to  prevent 
tiw  nnniamu  aocidenta  vhicb  arise  from  driving  infu- 
tUai]  —i.n-1.  throu^  tlie  crowded  streets.  Tbo  buffer 
ll  lltifliBd  with  •oft  material,  aimllar  to  the  bails  formerly 
uaed  by  printen,  or  boxing-glovsi.  to  vhioh  ia  attached  u 
■pring.  that  reouili  on  preuure.  This  buffer  w  fastened 
to  a  Btrong  piece  of  iron,  having  two  rtuge  to  aiip  <>a  to 
the  honu.  and  a  small  icrew-bolt  on  one  aide  that  fiiee  it 
firmly  in  it*  place. 

The  (omniierouB  electric  bnuh,  for  producing  Bleep  to 
iavalida  and  othen. 


275      WwTHKAD,  J.  P.,  and  E.  &  Co..  Manehfuier- 
Manufacturers. 
Patent  Aatoria  cloth,  manufnctured  of  hare's  fur. 

ill, 

;  Jacquard 
I  Juuiionl  braid. 
Pattern-book  of  general  Jimnllwaree:— Cotton  work -boi. 
fhmiahed  1  fumiihing  Rimps ;  India  tapee;  imperial,  or 
baat  cotton  i  and  thread  tnpee. 

OaiW  and  bed  lace ;   float  and  Queen's  Inre,  in  plain 
mod  chintz;  patent  cotton  velvet;  amber  curtiun  bolden. 


277   Lbck,  Qboboe.  42  JCrnnedi,  Stretl.  Maachtaler— 
Inventor  and  Ilanufacturer. 

Bnwi  and  line  "  lerantistate"  door,  window,  and  nign- 
platea,  engraved  by  machinery.  The  engraved  part 
Blled  with  a  composition  of  any  colour,  or  inlaid  with 
otber   colours,   to  resist  the  action  of  the  atmiiaphere. 

Designs  (or  letten,  platae,  doors,  windows,  &c. 


-,  Hnirae — Inventor  and 


278     EaPiiLE,  Jahes,  Elm  P(m 

Manufacturer. 

Sheata  of  bat-felt,  made  by  hnnd,  from  rabbit's  fiir 
■nd  fins  Saiony  lamb's  wool,  used  by  printers  of  calicoes, 
•ilks.  woollens,  lie,  beinK  intorted  into  the  blocks  and 
cyliiKlera  to  ounvey  the  colouHng  matter  to  the  cloth. 

Sbeeta  of  woollen -felt,  for  polisluug  plate-glaes,  marble, 
Ivory,  tortoiiKehell,  bona,  &c. 

Felted  gloves,  or  hand-hats,  firB-proof,  and  nun-con- 
ducton  of  heat,  usod  by  glnss-blowera,  icon -found  era, 
•ad  odMn.     Petted  rustic  hate. 


280    Smith,  W.  &  A.,  U^i-uJilint,  Aynhirt,  SmtlanJ,  ai 

ei  Charlotte  Street ,  Ilirmin^hiua—}Ai>ti.\ituA\aerr. 

Variety  of  article*  of  Scotch  fancy  wood  K-ork,  nu 

oUedy  of  tite  wood  of  the  sycamore  tr«e:  consistini; 

mffMsM,  dgar^Mea,  wrd-oasei,  card-tnys,   writi 


Tood,   candlesticks,   &c, 


folios,  books  bound  in  i 
mented  to  different  styles. 

Snuff-boxes,  in  various  BtARBs  of  progression.  Tba 
"Scotch  binge"  is  applied  to  many  of  theve  ortiolee. 

By  the  style  called  "checking,'' a  great  variety  of 
diapareil  patterns  are  produced,  particularly  the  iauitatioD 
of  the  clun  tartans  of  Scotland. 

By  the  style  called  "  Scoto-HuKsian,"  an  imitation  of 
engine-turned  tines,  inlaid  with  silver,  is  produced,  and 
the  ornament,  being  secured  by  copal-vamiab,  is  net 
liable  to  become  toniishod. 


281     CocKEaiLl,  RoBEHT,  ifunAur^— ManuGictiirer. 

Liquid  and  paste  blacking,  for  boots,  shoes,  and  harness. 
Liquid  dye  for  hameas.  Polishing  paste  for  metats. 
Black  and  red  writiug  ink. 


182  EASTEHLiNd,  John,  90  Whilecraia  Strett,  St.  LiMi 
— ManuDicturer. 
Ciurie  paste  and  powder,     lisaeace  of  snchovies. 
Invigotatiog  eauce.     Anchovy  and  bloalcr  paste. 


•85  Wood,  P.  H.,  2n  «<J.i.f„'j  ii-w,  nad  AjtemUg  Place, 

SI  He  Kirl — Manufacturer. 

Retining  powder  for  coffee,  and  colouring  for  aoups, 


287    DtrrroN  &  Co.,  R-«icnm,  CArttAir*— Manu&cturers, 

School  slates,  manufactured  by  machinery,  framed  in 
mahogany  and  bird's-eye  maple.  Book  slates.  Single 
slate. 

289     MallalieD,  Wk.,  97  ILitr™  fi-in/fn— Importer. 

Models  of  dwelliugH  and  implementa  made  by  the 
Esquiutnui,  at  the  Muravtiin  settlements  on  the  cooat  of 
Labrador,  Korth  America. 

1.  A  wintcrhoust?.  2.  A  snow  hut,  3.  Abone  sledge 
and  dogs.  4.  A  uoodon  sledge  and  dogs.  h.  A  b<>ni> 
kayak,  and  fishing  implements.  6.  A  skin  kayak,  and 
flshiog  implements.  7.  A  woman's  boat,  S.  Models  of 
reindeer,  bean,  seals,  dogs,  and  birils.  9.  Bone  pnpM- 
knives.  10.  Mats  and  baskets,  made  of  gnus.  II.  Spe- 
cimens of  needlework.  The  bone  articles  are  made  from 
thii  teeth  of  the  walrus. 


Specimens  of  the  staple  imported  articl 
Hull,  sccompaniud  with  t'      '  "      ' 
statistical  infarmation. 

[Hull  is  reckonul  the  fourth  city  in  England  in  point 
of  commercial  importance.  Its  tnule  is  chieay  witli  tlie 
Baltic;  in  the  whale  fishery;  and  by  inland  comniuuica- 
tion.     It  is  very  convenioitl;  litualed  (bt  t(«fBie.  ■•Ai]^ 


lit.] 


[On 


I    iLLHtTRfcTES   C*TJkL0001t.'\ 


Clau  29.— MTSCBLLANEOUS  MAN0FACTURES  AND  SHALI.  WABES.         [Un 

NOBTH  TBAHSBPT  GAIJ.XBT. 


the  cootiaant,  nnJ  its  iiiiportn  are  ohioflj  of  oontmonUl 
Jiroduoe.  BH  tliB  (Mljoinerl  tahulsr  view  will  aliow.  Flm, 
tran,  and  wool,  b»  they  nre  the  moat  useful,  appoor  alao 
to  be  the  principal  importa,^ 


PDppv  Aetd 


IUp<(Mo  . 


R»C    Ij-tTfl 

.     .VWlb- 

.     .1,MW    „ 

;  ;  1  *"  ,^ 

(tagu.UnAj 

■    'a?™    " 

V«dlKri>     , 

Wo-I,  SWp'. 

f'^Jis.MOlb. 

EnlmMBiy 

Z>ir«n   .     . 

.    .    rao   „ 

201  Bahtlbtt,  ABfUHAuDEE,  le  Great  College  Strtel, 
Ciiiuleii  Tutm — PreBerver. 

A  life-sized  model  of  the  liodo.  This  eitinot  bird  was 
fonuerl;  very  abuDiLmt  on  the  Uhmd  of  Mnuritiua. 

[Didiit  nuptia,  Linnicuii.  The  bird  which  has  here  been 
restored  from  the  most  antbeotic  portnuts  sxtout,  woe 
Tonnerl;  a,  native  of  tbn  island  of  Muuritiun.  where  it  wan 
diacovered  by  Vasoo  di  Oamji,  in  1497.  The  speciea  was 
Found  there  in  abundance  by  the  Dutch,  betuveeu  the 
yetre  1598  and  1600,  soon  after  which  it  appears  to  have 
become  extiiict.  A  stuffed  fipecimen,  which  forrued  part 
of  TradescauCfl  Mu*eum  in  1600,  pnsaed,  with  the  re«t  of 
the  collection,  into  the  handa  of  Dr.  Aehuiole,  and  was 
tnuiBforrcd  by  him  to  the  University  of  Oiford,  where  it 
wwi  doBtroyed  in  1T55,  with  the  exception  of  the  dried 
bead  and  ouo  foot,  which  are  atill  preaerred. 

The  foot  oF  another  epedmen  is  in  the  Bntiab  Museum. 
From  the  Bbortneea  of  the  winge,  which  were  inadequate 
Tor  the  purposea  of  flight,  moat  Daturalistfl  have  clasaed 
the  itodo  with  the  coawivrBry  and  other  Btruthious  birds; 
»jmie  bare  aupposed  it  to  be  n  kind  of  vulture;  nthan,  a 
Kort  of  dove.    It  ii  tha  type  of  m  iaHaiaiA  {uiut^,  Ou 


[Bcidiarity  of  which  mny  be  cetiauded  by  tlw  ^msvpuaef 
□f  opinions  respecting  its  alBnitiea.^^R.  O.] 

Doi(  and  dead  game,  to  illuibate  the  art  of  taixidaraif 
in  representing  life  and  death. 

Arctic  foiea  (killed  at  the  same  lOMonl ;  this  graap  ii  ■ 
striking  illuatration  of  the  fallacy  of  the  opinion  Oat 
extreme  cold  causes  the  arctic  fox  and  other  Wrni'V  to 
become  while. 

Jaraneae  mnsk  deer  and  young.  Hale  monanl  (tcfte- 
phona  itapryaina).     A  parrot  {PMIaoa  Ijtndbealtri). 

Models  of  eyes  for  stuffed  animals,  on  a  asw  prindpti 

A  leopsrf  ( FelU  teopardaii),  with  the  eye*  H 
this  principle. 


Withi:H8,  W..  Dniief,   H'lM^— Proprietor. 
Caae  of  stuffed  birds  (partridgea). 


292 


293  Bewbnt,  MiRM.  .S  PmbnSltrsrt,  NtmBtrndStrat— 
HBnnfootiirer  and  Propriator. 

Fnncy  pincuabiods ;  iraiA  boxe*;  praler  in  hi*  lodge; 
cmdie,  Ac.,  manufactured  from  commoD  egK-alMll*. 

[The  employment  of  egg-sholla  for  omajaeutal  pnipoas 
is  extremely  ancient.  A  MS.  in  the  Harieim  ooUectM 
represents  a  number  of  egg-nhellsomaineutediatiM  not 
elegant  and  costly  manner;  miniature*  were  oftoi purtri 
upon  them  with  extreme  care,  and  ^g-ahells  thna  curi- 
ously decorated  became  Toluahle  and  bigfaly  atasnd 
preeeDle.  In  Venice,  youug  nobleman  fretjuantlj  lavtsbsd 
large  sums  of  money  upon  portruta  painted  within  ngf- 
shells,  intended  as  piraente.— R.  E.] 


29  5    JiMEH,  John,  Viclorii  Worb,  RtddSt*,  V 
—Manufacturer. 

Qlaas  case,  containing  every  deaorijrtion  of  Dflsdka  lad 
fish-hooka.     NoedJe-boxea  and  needle-books. 

Sole  inventor  and  manufacturer  of  the  uniqoe  loccao- 

297  CaiMBKHs,  R. — MannEurturer, 

Specimens  of  [uns  and  needles. 

301        Herbebt,  Sarab,  20  Soyal  Jwrw*  Tmntcr, 
Ckelua — Inventor. 
Chepstow  Castle,  Monmouthshire,  by  moonlit.   9f»- 
cimen  of  pupyrogniphy,  n  novel  method  of  rr— — — *—- 
londscapea,  &c.,  in  paper,  by  the  use  of  the  sd 


302 


Rankjh,  Emilv,  &  Leab,  Eixkm,  Soidk  Stmt, 

H'outsiroriA— Deugners  &  Manufacitunn. 
lecture  frames  of  ornamental  leather  work. 


303    pErDEAn,  Mias,  Wellingtoit,  thuienel—Froiaett. 
A  small  bftakot  of  rice-paper  Sowers,  out  Out  witl 


Habsjbon,  Masoahet,  1 


305    Barliko,  Bknjamin,  &  Sons,  142  ffigk  Sbitl, 

Ciniidn  TiiTB — Uenigncra  ind  MsnuEactams. 

1 .  Silver-mounted  meerscluium  smoking  pipe,  chaatd, 
engine-turned,  and  engraved  top,  oak  border.  Deaiga :  A 
foi  and  leveret.    Motto;  "  Not  caught  yet." 

2.  Silver-mountad  emoked  mecraohaum  pipe,  ehasw 
silvcir.     Design:  A  chamois. 

3.  Silver-mounted  meerschaum  pipe.  Eagiao-tnniei 
cased,  and  engraved.     Design :  A  pointer  dog  and  hinl. 

4.  Hilver-mounted  meerschaum  pipe.  Dseign :  ^ 
oak  and  dolphin  (chased). 

5.  Plain  siiver-mounted  meencbnum. 

6.  Lai^  sUver-motinted  meerechaum  courier  pipA 
^neriwd  snd  engraved  top. 


KiKODOx.]     Class  29.— MISCELLANEOUS  MANUFACTURES  AND  SMALL  WARES. 

North  TRANSKFr  Gallery. 


817 


7.  A  small  on*,  engine-tamed  top,  and  chased  edge. 

8.  Another  small  one,  plain  polished 

All  with  the  registered  latch  mount,  which  revolves  on 
a  pin. 

305a  Gnus,  Datid  k  William,  CUy  Soap  Works— 
Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
Perfumed  patent  Krhihitina  and  inkud  cameo  soaps. 
Manles  sliaviQg  tablets.  Pearl  white  sdft  soap.  Neutral 
white  soft  soi4p,  used  by  woollen  and  silk  manufacturers 
for  their  finest  goods.  Soap  used  chiefly  by  silk  dyers  to 
give  gloss  and  brilliancy  to  their  colours.  Black  soft 
soi^,  used  for  scouring  coarse  wools  and  carpets. 

[The  admirable  researches  of  M.  Chevreul  have  fur- 
nished us  with  accurate  ideas  as  to  the  true  nature  of 
soi^.  They  are  true  chemical  compounds  of  fcbtty  acids 
with  the  alkalies,  potash  or  soda.  Purity  of  the  ingre- 
dients  is  essential  for  the  finer  sorts  of  soaps,  but  the 
commoner  are  made  of  all  kinds  of  fcbtty  substances. — 
R.E.]  

306  MoBLAMD,  J.,  &  Son,  50  Eastcheap,  London  Bridge 

— ManufiEUsturers. 
Specimens  of  umbrellas  and  parasols. 

307  Ai>AiB,  B.,  Workington — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  hair  watch  guards. 

308  Babbett  &  Son,  Beech  Street,  Barbican — 

Producers. 
Glass's  patent  machine  for  sweeping  chimneys. 


309    BoiCH,  C.  ft  Son,  32  Piatt  Terrace,  St.  Pancras 

Road — Manufacturer. 
Solid  rosewood  box,  glass  top  for  ornamented  pencils, 
embellished  with  projecting  brass  ornaments  and  screws 
of  the  Elisabethan  style.      The  pencils  are  stamped  in 
gold  and  silver  with  various  devices. 

31 1  PSABCB,  T.  B.,  Newman  Street,  Oxford  Street— 

Inventor. 
Self-acting  fishing-rod,  bv  which  many  lines  can  be 
used  at  the  same  time.     This  invention  is  also  applicable 
for  sea-fishing,  with  a  variety  of  newly-invented  fishing 
tackle,  &c.  ^ 

312  Aooio,  Gbobge  H.,  Colchester — Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Ottoman,  novelty  in  work  and  pattern. 

313  HoDGB,  W.,  34  Great  Marlboroftgh  Street,  St.  Jameses 

— Manufacturer. 
Victoria  cabinet  writing-caHe,  in  morocco,  ornamented. 
Album,  in  ornamental  morocco  leather. 


315      Stibunc,  Thomas,  sen.,  Botr  Bridge  Slate  Works, 
Stratford,  Essex,  and  38  New  Broad  Street,  City- 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Economic  slate  pig-feeding  trough,  no  constructed  as 
to  keep  each  animars  food  distinct. 


Slate  trough  for  pickling  meat,  which,  by  its  coolness 
and  impermeability,  keeps  the  brine  sweet  for  a  long 
period. 

Enamelled  slate  chimney-piece,  capable  of  being  made 
of  any  size  or  pattern. 

Chess  and  other  table  tops,  of  the  same  material,  in 
imitation  of  inlaid  marbles,  and  ornamented. 

Slate  inkstand,  ornamented  and  enamelled. 

Slate  paste-table  and  rolling-pin,  recommended  for  gloss, 
coolness,  sweetness,  and  cleuuiness. 

Slate  milk-pan,  cooler  than  metal,  earthenwaie,  Ac. 

Samples  of  patent  steam  fuel. 

[The  useful  application  of  slate  to  various  domestic  and 
ornamental  purposes  Ib  due  to  the  present  exhibitor. 
Many  years  ago  he  first  introduced  his  self-acting  and 
rapid  ascension  water-filters,  which  have  been  so  gene- 
rally imitated,  and  which  have  been  so  successful  in  their 
application.  Soon  afterwards  he  introduced  the  enamelled 
and  ornamented  slate  for  table-tops,  trays,  inkstands, 
finger-plates,  and  various  other  ingenious  and  useful 
purposes,  which  have  also  been  very  generally  and  suc- 
cessfully imitated.  As  theee  applications  have  not  been 
secured  by  patent  to  the  original  inventor,  it  is  proper 
that  he  to  whom  they  are  due  should  not  be  forgotten  in 
a  notice  of  the  articles  now  exhibited.  Some  of  the 
specimens  of  the  ornamented  slate-table  tops  seem  to  vie 
with  those  of  the  celebrated  French  porcelain,  and 
they  are  certainly  neither  so  brittle  nor  so  expensive. 
For  numerous  domestic  purposes,  especially  where  liquids 
are  concerned,  it  is  quite  manifest  that  slate  is  vastly 
superior  to  iron,  tin,  or  zinc  ;  and  with  care  as  to  mere 
breakage,  it  will  last  an  indefinitely  longer  time. — R.W.] 


316  Lucas  Brothers,  113  AldersgaU  Street — Inventor. 
Lozenges,  omamentall  v  stamped,  representing  the  name 

of  the  lozenge  on  one  side,  and  on  the  reverse  that  of  the 
vendor,  with  the  quantity  of  medicine  each  lozenge  con- 
tains.   

317  Cocks,  John  &  Charles,  6  Duke  Street,  Reading — 

Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  genuine  Reading  and  Old  England  sauces. 


318      Walker,  J.,  56  Shaftesbury  Street,  New  Road^ 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

London  grown  flowers,  dried,  and  retaining  their  na- 
tural colours,  forming  patterns  in  a  maple  frame  for 
ornamental  decoration,  &c. 


320  Hancock,  J.  A. —Producer. 

A  collection  of  stuffed  birds  and  animals. 

(A«  North  Tnmscpt.) 


SCULPTURE,   MODELS   AND    PLASTIC    ART,    MOSAICS, 
ENAMELS,    ETC. 


INTRODUCTION. 


The  Bxhilutioo  hkving  relatiaDa  fu  more  exteniiTe  with  the  indiutrial  occapfktitma  and  products  of  nunkind 
Umo  with  the  Fine  Arts,  the  limits  of  the  present  Glass  have  been  defined  with  considerable  strictneu.  ThoM 
dcpulmoats  of  art  which  ars,  in  a  degree,  connected  with  mechanical  ptocesses,  which  relate  to  working  in 
metals,  wood,  or  marble,  and  thoae  mechanical  processes  which  are  applicable  to  the  arts,  but  which,  notwith- 
■tanding  thia,  atill  praaervB  their  mechanical  character,  as  printing  in  colour,  come  properlv  witiiin  this  Class, 
Paintings,  as  worlu  of  art,  are  excluded  ;  bat,  as  exhibiting  any  improvements  in  coloors,  thej'  beccone 
■dmiMible.  When  admitted,  they  are  to  be  regarded  not  so  much  as  examples  of  the  skill  of  the  artist,  as  of 
that  of  the  preparer  of  colours.  'Hie  admission,  however,  of  objects  included  under  the  definition  "  plastic  art," 
bae  greatly  tended  to  relieve  the  general  aspect  of  the  Exhibition;  and  their  happy  and  judicious  arrangement 
in  the  great  structure  forma  one  of  its  most  interesting  features. 

The  following  Sub-Classes  will  convey  a  good  general  impression  of  the  interesting  nature  of  the  objects 
contemplated  under  the  general  terms  of  Sculpture,  Models,  and  Plastic  Art : — A.  Recognises  Sculpture  as  a 
fine  art,  whether  in  met^  simple  or  compound,  in  minerals,  woods,  and  anunal  substances,  as  Ivory,  Cameo*, 
Ac. ;  B.  Works  in  Die-sinking,  Intaglios,  as  Coins  and  Medals,  Impressions  from  Medals,  Gems,  and  Seals ; 
C.  Arehitectural  Decorations,  mlegral  and  adventitious ;  D.  Hoaaics  and  inlsjd  works  in  Stone,  Titea,  Wood, 
Metal,  Ac. ;  B.  Enamels  on  Met^  Chioa,  and  Qtaas ;  F.  Materials  and  processes  applicable  to  the  Fine 
Arts  generally,  including  Fine  Art  Printing,  Printing  in  Colours,  Ac,  Of  these,  as  examples,  may  be  men- 
tioned Encaustic  Printing,  Omamenta!  Printing,  Chromo-lithography,  &c..  Zincography,  and  other  modes  of 
Printing ;  G.  Models  in  Architecture,  Topography,  and  Anatomy. 

The  space  in  the  Building  allotted  to  the  objects  in  this  Class  ia,  in  addition  to  that  occupied  in  the  Transept 
and  Mun  Avenues,  in  two  parts  of  the  structure.  The  Fine  Art  Court,  as  it  is  generally  known,  is  on  the 
North  side  of  the  Western  Main  Avenue,  separated  from  the  Tranaept  by  the  Indian  collection,  and  from 
the  Main  Avenue  by  the  articles  forwarded  from  the  Channel  Islande,  Ceylon,  and  Malta.  The  Areas  here 
occupied  are  P.  30  to  32 ;  Q.  and  H.  2«  to  32 ;  and  I.  and  J.  28,  29,  and  32,  The  Sculpture  Court  is  in  the 
south  of  the  Main  Avenue  West,  from  which  it  ia  aeparaled  by  the  Hardware  and  Mediieval  Court ;  as  its 
name  implies,  it  ia  exclusively  devoted  to  Sculpture.  In  the  Fine  Art  Court  are  grouped  together  all  the 
other  objects  representative  of  the  above  sulBtances.  In  the  Transept  and  Weateru  Main  Avenue  are  placed 
a  large  number  of  objects  of  Sculpture  which,  from  their  size,  or  peculiar  fitness  for  such  a  position,  have  not 
been  placed  with  other  specimens  of  a  similar  kind  in  the  Sculpture  Court. 

Sculptures,  for  obvioua  reasons,  are  removed,  by  their  character,  from  notice  in  this  Introduction,  Amoi^ 
the  worka  in  die-sinking,  attention  will  be  attracted  to  a  collection  of  the  Rreat  official  seals  which  affix  the 
emblems  of  public  sanction  to  national  documents.  The  production  of  tlieae  Eeals  is  extremely  costly  and 
tedious,  and  the  art  they  illustrate  is  one  not  less  demanding  the  skill  of  the  designer  than  the  nicety  and 
precision  of  manipulation  of  the  eugravpr.  Methods  of  producing  such  seals  more  economically,  and  of  multi- 
plying them,  are  exhibited.  The  application  of  automatic  machinery  to  thia  art  is  of  modem  introiluction. 
The  models  for  the  obverses  of  the  Great  Exhibition  prize  medals  are  also  found  in  this  Court.  Some  inte- 
resting specimena  of  ^lasa  and  wooil  moaaic  are  also  di'aerving  of  attention.  The  brilliancy  of  the  colours  of 
the  former  material  appears  to  render  it  very  auitable  for  thia  purpoac,  A  practical  inconvenience,  h owe vtr, 
often  arises  fmm  the  difficulty  of  securing  the  permanent  adhesion  of  the  glasa  to  the  foundation,  which  in  the 
instances  exhibited  api>ears  to  have  been  overcome. 

The  beautiful  art  of  enaniellina  is  exoeedinglv  well  illustrated  in  this  Class  by  objects  of  the  highest  value. 
The  peculiar  and  difficult  procenaes  of  manipulation  necessary  in  thia  art,  addeil  to  the  necessity  for  skilful 
treatment  of  the  subject  to  be  painted,  render  it  an  occni»tiou  confined  to  a  few.  Extreme  uncertainty 
often  attends  the  results  of  the  firing  through  which  everv  cnHmelUil  picture  lias  to  pass ;  but,  when  every 
Step  has  been  suceoHsful,  and  the  painter's  talent  has  eqiialle<l  his  skill  in  manipulation,  the  result  is 
extremely  beautiful  and  enduring.  The  most  rare  metals  arc  often  employed  in  the  colours  of  enamel 
punting,     Tlie  material  on  which  the  best  enamels  are  painted  in  gold. 

Wonderful  progress  lias  been  rfccntlv  mailc  in  the  art  of  printing  in  colours,  A  most  instnictive  series  of 
these  productions  is  exhibited.  Some  of  them  an-  «>  arranged  so  as  to  exhibit  the  successive  stages  through 
which  the  print  passes,  until  it  is  completed  in  all  the  colours  of  an  original  painting.  Sti'el,  wuoil,  and  slone, 
form  the  materials  by  which  the  greater  piirtion  of  the  chromatic  printa  exbilnted  have  been  proiliireil. 
The  ckancter*  of  the  impressions  from  these  surfaces  are  extremely  opposed  to  each  other,    Tliota  <}toS«A.wi 


820  Class  80.— SCULPTURE,  MODELS,  AND  [U 

Abeas  F.  30  TO  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  St  92. 

oil-colours  by  a  patent  process  from  steel-plates  have  a  sharpness  of  outline  and  definitioii,  togetlier  with  a 
warmth  of  tone,  which  render  them  somewhat  comparable  to  a  good  Daguerreotype  picture.  Those  prodnoed 
by  wood-blocks  have  the  closest  imitation  to  v^ter-oolour  drawings.  The  outlines  are  less  sharp,  and  there  is 
much  granulous  softness  in  the  tones  of  the  production.  Specimens  of  these  are  inserted  with  this  Class  in 
the  Catalo;^e.  The  chromo-lithographs  are  likewise  exceedingly  beautiful,  of  great  softness  of  outline,  and  of 
considerable  depth.  To  the  eye  these  differences  are  immediately  rendered  sensible.  The  inyentor  of  the  art 
of  printing  could  scarcely  have  contemplated  this  application  of  its  principles  to  the  productioii  of  ookmred 
pictures. 

Elaborate  specimens  of  the  art  of  the  wood-carver  are  exhibited  in  this  Court.  Fruit,  flowers,  g^me,  and 
other  objects,  appear  in  their  natural  proportions,  carved  with  a  degree  of  delicacy  of  which  the  material  emplojed 
would  scarcely  appear  susceptible.  Among  other  objects  of  this  kind,  attention  will  be  drawn  to  a  lai^  otk 
buffet,  with  sculptured  relievos,  illustrative  of  events  at  Kenilworth  Castle,  the  material  of  which  waa  derived 
from  an  ancient  tree  on  that  domain ;  and  particularly  to  the  Royal  Cradle,  exhibited  by  Her  Majesty  the 
Queen,  carved  in  boxwood. 

A  large  number  of  models  of  various  kinds,  architectural,  topographical,  &c.,  are  placed  here.  Some  of 
these  exhibit  the  results  of  a  species  of  industry  which  steals  moments  of  time  from  the  bumness  of  the 
day,  and  applies  them  to  the  execution  of  works  of  the  most  elaborate  kind  out  of  the  simplest  materials.  A 
very  miscellaneous  collection  of  objects  will  likewise  be  found  and  studied  with  interest  in  the  fine  Art 
Court. 

With  the  present  Class,  the  arrangement  of  the  Exhibition  on  the  British  side  is  completed.  The  materiil, 
the  machine,  the  manufacture,  and  the  ornament  applied,  have  in  succession  been  brought  under  consider- 
ation. The  products  of  nearly  8,000  Exhibitors  have  been  arranged  under  these  ClaaBea,  which  may  be 
safely  said  to  represent  all  that  is  interesting  and  valuable  connected  with  the  arts  of  life.  Such  a  ooUeotioo, 
made  and  classified  for  the  first  time  in  this  country,  must  naturally  present  anomalies  and  ezoeptioDa,  tnd 
possibly  errors  of  classification.  But  the  general  principles  laid  down  have  been  adhered  to,  and  the  result 
has  been  the  collection  of  groups  of  objects  which  will  afford  material  for  study  and  improvement  long  after 
the  objects  themselves  will  be  removed  from  this  Building.  While  triumphing  in  the  victories  of  art  tnd 
science  as  accomplished  by  human  instrumentality,  may  one  great  result  of  this  Exhibition  be  not  leu  to 
inspire  gratitude  to  the  Divine  source  of  every  good  and  perfect  gift,  from  whom  alone  the  wiadom  to  Istn 
and  the  ability  to  accomplish  have  i)roceeded. — R.  E. 


FINE  ART  COURT. 

1  Miller,  Thobeas,  56  Long  Acre — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

Paintings  in  oil  and  water  colours,  showing  the  impli- 
cation of  the  exhibitor's  silica  colours  and  glass  medium ; 
in  water  colours,  by  Eklward  Corbould,  Esq. :  subject — 
Britons  deploring  the  Departure  of  the  Romans  ;  in  oil, 
by  Edward  Armitage,  Esq. :  subject — Allegory  of  Peace,     the  Byzantines,   has  been    confounded  with   OMior  oil 


[In  northern  climates,  the  drying  of  the  cUm  euxfikfed 
by  the  artist  is  much  retarded;  they  are  generally  hested 
in  contact  with  some  metallic  oxide,  which,  by  its  pi«- 
sence,  enables  them  to  imbibe  a  oertain  proportion  of 
oxygen,  so  as  to  hasten  a  perfect  rseinification.  Hm  oQ 
of  aesamum,  imder  the  name  of  gingtUy,  has  been  used  by 
the  Chinese  from  time  immemorial;  this,  the  dcmmm  of 


commemorative  of  the  year  1851. 
A  complete  assortment  of  artists'  materials. 


(ricinum)f  which  never  dries;  other  writers  have  taken  the 
camelifM,  which  yields  this  oil,  for  chamomile.  Tiinnnnd 
oil  superseded  this.  The  use  of  walnnt  and  poppy  oOa 
for  the  purposes  of  art  can  be  traced  to  the  begiiiniBg  ol 
the  Christian  era.    Oils  were  probably  first  naed,  to  prs- 


2        CoNCANEN,  EnwARB,  427  Oxford  Street — Inventor 

and  Producer. 

A  marine  piece,  executed  in  the  new  style  of  aerial  tint 
ing,  which  entirely  disguises  the  manipulation,  or  means  of    serve  works  of  art,  as  varnishes. — "R.  Hk.] 
applying  colour,  and  leaves  no  marks  of  the  hair-tool  as  •      Statuette,  cast  in  wax  composition — **  Letting  the  cat 
in  oil-painting,  abrupt  edges  as  in  water-colours,  or  mark-  !  ©ut  of  the  bag,"  by  O.  Abbott,  sculptor, 
ing  as  in  crayon  drawings.  |      Desk  for  water-colour  drawing ;  when  open,  it  Ibfmi 

a  desk,  easel,  or  drawing  board,  and  a  stand  for  the  copy. 


3        RowNET,  George,  &  Ck>.,  51  Rathbone  Place — 

Manufacturers. 


Specimens  of  Typo-chromatic  printing,  invented   bj 
Frederick  W.  KowNEY.    This  process  of  colour  printing 

Colours  in  use  for  artistic  purposes,  in  four  classes,  viz.,  is  applied  to  the  production  of  fac-similes  of  drawii^  or 
mineral,  animal,  vegetable,  and  native,  with  the  materials  paintings.  Printing  in  colours  has  long  been  known  as 
from  which  the  manufactured  colours  are  derived.  Co-  ;  appUed  to  ornamental  designs,  such  as  muminated  woiks, 
lours  for  oil  and  water-colour  painting,  in  their  various  !  fancy  title  pages,  &c.,  and  more  recently  to  ooloored  prints, 
forms  and  modes  of  preparation.  Among  them  are  the  !  These  have  been  done  by  taking  an  engraving  or  print 
following  new  colours: — Extract  of  Indian  yellow;  extract  and  colouring  it  by  successive  printings,  ^^ch,  when  com- 
of  Italian  pink;  permanent  Italian  pink;  permanent  lake;  pleted,  produced  the  appearance  of  an  ordinary  print 
madderine  brown  and  madderine  lake.  coloured  by  hand.     It  is  in  this  particalar  that  Um 

Artists'  brushes,  showing  the  differeut  stages  of  manu-  |  principal  distinction  exists  between  the  ordinary  kimk  of 
fiacture,  with  specimens  ofthe  hair  employed,  and  examples  !  printing  in  colours  and  the  typo<chzomatic  |*^ntinff 
of  the  various  kinds  and  sizes  of  brushes  in  use  for  artistic  The  latter  process  proceeding  on  nearly  the  same  principle 
purposes.  Specimens  of  black  lead,  and  pencils  showing  i  as  a  drawing  or  pamting,  via.,  by  successive  printings  (m 
the  different  stages  of  manufacture.  Specimens  of  black  I  in  drawings,  by  washes)  of  colour,  each  one  contributinf 
drawing  crayons,  of  three  degrees  of  hardness.  '  to  the  form  and  effect  of  Uie  drawing  or  painting  intended 

Mathematical  instruments  in  albata,  and  mathematical    to  be  imitated ;  and  the  dark  fiiduiing  touches,  whidi 


rules  and  scales  in  various  stages  of  manufacture.  A 
pocket  knife  adapted  for  the  use  of  artists.  Samples  of 
mastic  varnish,  and  oxidi2sed  linseed  oil.  S|>ecimens  of 
children's  water  colours,  canvas,  milled  boards,  and  panels 
of  tnahognny  and  papier  mach^  prepared  for  oil  paint- 
ing,  Ac. 


give  form  and  vigour  to  the  subject,  being  printed  towardi 
the  last. 

Various  kinds  of  printing  are  made  use  of,  such  u 
copper  plate,  stone,  and  block,  each  poeaeesing  aoms 
peculiar  advantage  which  renders  it  preferable  in  certain 
etCocta. 


KlHUDOM.j 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  &c. 
Areas  F.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  akd  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


821 


The  liquid  look  and  delicacy  of  water  colours,  the 
graaulous  aoftness  of  the  crayon,  and  the  force  and  texture 
of  oil  colour  may  each  be  successfully  represented  by 
this  process.  And  when  time  shall  have  added  a  little 
experience  and  practice  to  what  is  as  yet  a  new  art,  it  is 
expected  that  works  of  the  very  highest  excellence  may  be 
pit>duced  by  it.    A  specimen  of  this  printing  is  annexed. 

The  origin  of  the  Ouelph  and  QhibelUne  factions, 
after  F.  R.  Picken^l,  A.R.A. 

Westminster  Abbey  from  the  paik,  after  R.  P.  Noble. 

The  Lake  of  Lucerne,  after  T.  M.  Richardson. 

Sleeping  and  Waking,  after  J.  H.  Mole. 

The  Lesson,  after  J.  H.  Mole. 

The  Gleaners,  after  U.  A.  Robinson. 

Frrach  Fisherman's  Daughter,  after  Lee. 

Claine's  Church,  Malvern  Hills  in  the  distance,  after 
R.  P.  Noble.         

5  KsABNKT,  William  Henry,  Marlboroagh  Cottage^ 

BromptoH — Inventor. 

Specimens  of  crayon  painting,  executed  with  the  exhi- 
bitor's Venetian  pastiU,  and  without  other  aid  than  the 
materials  shown  m  the  accompanying  cases. 

By  this  process  pictures,  in  exact  imitation  of  water- 
colour  and  oil  painting,  can  be  produced  with  facility, 
and  are  rendered  impervious  to  damp,  and  adapted  for 
internal  decorations. 

6  RoBBRSON,  Charles,  &  Co.,  51  Long  Acre — 

Manufacturers. 
Canvas  prepared  with  a  panel  surface,  for  painting 
highly  finished  pictures  in  oil.  Canvas  with  a  drawing 
paper  surface,  for  landscape  painters.  Hog  and  sable- 
bair  brushes.  Sable  and  camel-hair  pencils.  Water 
colours  in  cakes.  Water  colours  in  tubes.  Portable  boxes 
of  materials  for  sketching  from  nature,  &c.  Sketch-book 
of  prepared  paper  for  oil  painting,  with  contrivance  for 
carrying  wet  sketches. 

[PtaneU,  the  first  grounds  for  pictures,  being  liable  to 
accidents  of  various  kinds,  were  at  an  early  period  covered 
with  leather,  parchment,  or  canvas,  which  were  duly  pre- 
pared to  receive  oil  or  tempera  paintings.  The  priming 
of  the  panel,  or  canvas,  formed  one  of  the  most  important 
features  in  the  production  of  a  work  of  art  in  both  the 
Greek  and  Italian  schools.  Later  painters  have  been 
more  careless  of  the  grounds  upon  which  they  painted, 
and  their  works  have,  in  many  instances,  consequently 
suffered.  The  attention  of  artists  has  been  for  some  time 
directed  to  this. — R.  He.] 

7  Reeves  8t  Sons,  113  Cheapside — Inventors  and 

Manufacturers. 
Drawing  pencils.   Water  colours,  prepared  with  wax,  &c. 

8  Green  &  Fahet,  B.  R.  &  J.,  62  CharhtU  Street, 

Portland   Place,   and   15   Fork   Place,   Bron^tim — 
Inventors. 
Folding  drawing  models,  in  three  series: — advanced, 
elementary,  geometrical ;  illustrating  the  application  of 
perspective,  and  the  principles  of  light  and  shade. 

9  Cook,  James  Edgar,  Railtcaj/  Office,  OreenocA, 

Scotland — Inventor. 

Prepared  panel  of  any  colour,  for  amateur  painting. 

The  ailvantages  claimed  are  durability,  cheapness,  and 
expeditious  preparation,  this  requiring  only  a  day  or  two 
to  be  ready  for  the  artist. 

10  Government  School  of  Design,  Somerset  House 

— Producer. 
Designs  for  carpets,  drapery,  &c. 

1 1  BcEROWS,  Mart  L.,  1  Park  St.,  Islington— rvoducer. 
Table  top,  painted  on  slate. 

12  Farren,  M.,  32  Dorset  Sqiuire— Designer. 

Original  design  for  a  bracelet.  Strap  of  "  Forgetme- 
noU.*' 


12a      Gann,  Louisa,  31  Norfolk  Street,  Strand— 

Designer. 
Model  of  a  flower  vase. 

13  Seager,  W.,  Tavistock — Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Model  of  a  geometrical  staircase,  with  a  double  hand- 
rail in  rosewood;  with  baluster  carved  in  wood  and 
bronzed;  the  floor  inlaid  with  different  sorts  of  wood; 
cornice  and  columns  of  the  Ionic  order,  made  of  syca- 
more.   

14  JlBD,  Jesse,  12  London  Street,  Fitzroy  Square — 

Designer  and  Manu&cturer. 
Model  for  an  under-spring  state  carriage^  on  a  scale 
of  f  inch  to  a  foot. 

15  Krpp,  R.  &  £.,  40,  41,  &  42  Chandos  Street,  Charing 

Cros9 — Producers. 
Model  of  the  ball  and  cross  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 


16  OuvER,  Goldient  Thomas,  22  Victoria  Terrace, 

St,  John's  Wood — ^Designer. 
Device  showing  the  arrangement  and  combination  for 
harmonizing  the  colours  of  flowers  in  ornamental  gar- 
dening. 

17  Papera,  James  Phiup,  Clarendon  Street,  Cambridge 

— Sculptor. 
Queen  Elizabeth,  in  stone  ;   Sir  Robert  Peel ;   The 
Saviour ;    Rubens ;   Vandyke ;   Oliver  Cromwell ;   King 
Charles  I. ;  two  portraits  in  marble,  &c. 

18  Lascelles,  EIdwin,  Wavertree — ^Designer  and 

Producer. 
Models  of   Wavertree  Church,  Wavertree  Hall;  and 
farm-houses;  Whitechapel.    All  the  figures  and  animals 
(150  in  number)  are  carved  out  of  wood. 

19  Johnston,  Gboroe  Joseph,  Newnutrket — Producer 

and  Designer. 
Boss,  frieze,  and  tablet  for  a  church;  and  bracket  of 
flowers. 

20  Sharp,  G.,  16  Wentworth  Place,  Dublin — Inventor. 

Models  for  facilitating  the  teaching  and  learning  the  art 
of  elementary  drawing. 

21  Burns  8t  Palmer,  Manchester — Producers. 

Models,  in  plaster,  of  windows  in  Sir  Bexnamin  Hey- 
wood  &  Co.'s  bank,  Manchester:  designed  by  John  Edgar 
Gregan,  architect;  scale  one  inch  to  the  foot. 

22  Unwin,  W.  H.,  Sawbridgetcorth,  Herts. — Producer. 

A  tournament  of  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign, 
cut  eutii-ely  out  oi  plain  paper  with  scissom. 

22a     Papworth,  Wyatt  &  John  W.  Papworth, 

14a  Great  Marlborough  Street — Designers. 

Ornamental  pavement,  in  three  colours,  formed  by  ten 
(tatterns  of  tiles.  Ornamented  pavement,  in  four  colours, 
formed  by  one  pattern  of  tile.  Interior  decoration  of  a 
saloon.  Tea-caddy  for  papier  mach^  Chimney-piece 
for  white  marble,  and  cap,  full  size.  Economical  carved 
sideboard  and  trus4,  full  size.  Interior  decoration  of 
a  room  fur  county  meetings. 

Candelabrum,  **  Peace,"  for  gold  or  silver.  Cande- 
labrum, "  War,"  for  gold  or  silver.  Decoration  of  the 
window  side  of  a  sittiug-room.  Painted  glans  window  in 
the  Italian  style,  H*ith  appropriate  furniture.  Stamped 
pattern  for  druggets.  Two  ornamental  panels  for  planter 
and  BubMequent  painting.  Ornament  for  painted  glass. 
Greek  ornauienttU  panel,  full  size.  Italian  omaiuental 
panel,  full  size.  The  original  sketch  of  the  design  for 
the  ladies*  carpet,  exhibited  by  Her  Majesty. 

23  Bury,  Richard,  9  Durham  Street,  Souihsca, 

Portsimmth —  Prod  ucer. 
Group  of  hones,  carved  in  cork.    Subject — The  story  of 
Mazeppa. 


822 


Clasb  30.— sculpture,  MODELS,  AND 
Areau  F.  30  TO  32,  G.  <&  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  St  82. 


[U 


25  CossENB,  Edward  Joseph,  15  IMtle  Queen  Street, 

Ilolbom — Inventor  and  Maker. 

Model,  in  elder-pith,  of  a  sultan  and  sultana,  with  male 
and  fonale  attendants.  This  style  of  modelling  is  ii^pli- 
cable  not  only  to  the  production  of  all  sorts  of  small 
models,  but  also  of  architectural  models.  The  pith  for 
this  model  was  collected  in  the  vicinity  of  Cheltenham. 

26  SiLLETTy  John,  Kehale,  Saxrmmdham,  Suffolk — 

Designer. 
Model  of  a  ground-floor  cottage,  designed  and  built  by 
the  exhibitor. 


27  Withers,  W.,  Devizes,  Wt/te— Producer. 
Group  of  stuffed  partridges. 

28  Bond,  Charles,  Ediiib'trgh,  and  53  Parliament  Street 

— Inventor. 
Model  of  a  Highland  cottage.— The  object  of  the  in- 
ventor it  to  combine  simplicity  of  construction,  with 
comfort,  warmth,  ventilation,  and  economy.  Adapted 
to  a  small  farmer,  in  the  Highlands,  or  in  Ireland;  it  may 
also  be  rendered  suitable  to  a  weaver. 


29  Fox,  Charles,  BrigkUm — Designer  and  Modeller. 
Design  for  a  pediment.     Subject — Arts,  Manufactures, 

and  Commerce  promoted. 

Statuettes  modelled  in  plaster:  Chaucer  and  Spencer, 
by  Eklward  Fox,  designer  and  modeller. 

30  Wtatt,  M.  Digbt,  77  Grent  Russell  Street, 

Blomnsburtf — Designer. 
Various  designs  for  manufactures  and  decoration. 
Designs  for  bookbinding.  Now  combinations,  mosaics, 
and  encaustic  paving.  Frontispieces  for  works,  published 
for  the  designer  by  Mr.  Day,  of  Gate  Street,  Lincoln's 
Inn  Fields.    Stained  glass  memorial  window,  &c. 

31  Habvet,  Frederick,  1  Oriel  Street,  Oxford-^ 

Inventor. 
F*a«el,  for  artists  sketching  out  of  doors,  containing 
everything  required  by  the  artist  in  colours,  slab,  pencils, 
brushes,  knife,  &c. 

31a      Smith,  Henry  Ecroyd,  Saffron  Waiden — 

I^roprietor. 
Sheets  of  ancient  designs,  reproduced  for  modem  orna- 
mental floors. 

32  Pearce,  Edward  Edwin,  Naihca,  near  Bristol — 

Designer. 
Model,  in  glass,  of  a  house,  showing  plain  brickwork. 
Another,  showing  freestone  work. 

33  Caldwell,  George,  ZicA/fWrf— Designer  and 

Producer. 
Bfus-relief,  from  Bum's  poem  of  "Tam  o*  Shanter;"  in 
plaster.  

34  Brown,  John,  71  Herbert  Strcety  New  North  Road— 

Designer. 
Drawing-book,  with  an  explanatory  pamphlet,  intended 
to  introduce  a  more  efficient  system  of  teaching  in  ele- 
mentary schools.  The  subjects  are  selected  and  arranged 
by  the  exhibitor  with  a  view  to  disseminate  a  knowledge 
of  ornamental  art  and  to  prepare  pupils  for  Schools  of 
Design. 

35  Limner,  Luke — Designer  and  Producer. 
Shaksperian  shield. 

36  Corns,  W.,  Waterloo  Place,  Edinburgh — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimen  of  bookbinding:  showing  the  process  with 
double-handed  sewing,  which  is  requisite  where  strength 
i>  required,  as  in  large  Bibles  and   Prayer-books,  and 
other  heavy  works  of  frequent  reference. 


Model  of  modem  Jenmlem,  ■bowing  the  dty  and 
adjacent  country  in  their  present  state.  Dengned  for 
illustrating  bibhcal  history  in  achooU,  Ac. 

37  Standidoe^  Harriet  ft  Co.,  36  Old  Jmaj — 

Produoera. 

Boyal  Illuminated  Calendar  for  1S51.  The  Ten  Com- 
mandments,  illuminated. 

A  drawing  of  tessellated  nnreinent  foiniid  ml  Leioeeier, 
&o.  Guerin*B  patent  steering  sfiptrrtiu,  printed  in  oo> 
lours  and  tints,  by  lithogr^diy. 

38  Co¥rBLL,  Sakuel  Hamlwom,  TpmBiekf  Suffoik — 

Prodooert. 

Specimens  of  anastatio  printing,  m  appUad  to  original 
drawings  or  etchings  in  chalk  or  ink,  maps,  ancient 
deeds,  music,  letter-press,  lithogn^ihio  printing;  wood 
engravings,  archsBological  illuatnitioniL  ziBlway  aurveyi, 
MSS.,  &c. 

The  peculiaritiee  of  anastatio  printing  consist  in  being 
enabled  to  produce  perfect  fkc-similes  mm  the  originals, 
merely  by  the  apphoation  of  acids  and  heavy  presnirt; 
whereby  all  the  point  and  spirit  of  the  original  ars 
retained. 

40  Kbomhedi,  J.  M.,  32  PeA€rwoaUr  iKo»--Sk^;raver 

and  Printer. 

Colour  printings  of  illustrated  books,  tickets,  labels, 
and  bands. 

The  Descent  from  the  Crosi^  after  Rubens,  produced 
entirely  by  printing. 

41  Donalds,  Wm.  Jas.  ft  Chabub,  29  ArtOlery  Place 

West  J  Bunhill  Row — ^Designen  and  Engisfera. 
Specimens  of  silver  waiters,  upon  whidi  are  engraved 


1 


Loves  of  Venus  and  Adonis,"  by  IVaneiscus  Albanus; 
Uwins*s  "Neapolitan  first  dandiy  lesson;"  the  last  in  a 
oar\'ed  wood  border  of  vine,  bv  W.  Q.  Rogers. 

Oval  travs,  engraved  with  tne  "  Langusge  of  flowen," 
and  other  designs. 

Engraved  subjects  for  dessert  plates.  —  Landaeer's 
"  Breakfast ;"  Homeward  and  outward  bound;  York 
Minster;  and  several  firom  Canora. 

[The  exhibitor^s  object  in  employing  glass  is,  by  pro- 
tecting the  engravings,  to  induce  a  demand  for  a  better 
class  of  art  than  is  generally  adopted.] 

42  Burke,  Thomas  H.,  Bull  Head  Cowi,  Newgate  Street^ 

Embosser. 
Model  of  the  Great  Exhibition,  &ncy  stationeiy,  psper 

ornaments,  &c. 

43  Ward,  Marcus,  &  Co.,  6  Com  Marktt,  BeHfa^— 

Producer. 
Specimen  of  chromo-lithography;  five  plates,  printed 
in  ^Id  and  colours,  representing  St.  ftitnck's  bell  and 
shnne ;  bein^  the  illustrations  of  a  work  printed  in  Bel&st 
by  the  exhibitor,  and  published  by  T.  Hodgson,  13  I^Uer- 
noster  Row,  London. 

44  Wilson,  H.,  Olasgow — ^Producer. 
Specimens  of  ornamental  printing. 

46  VoKiNS,  J.  k  W.,  5  John  Street,  Oxford  Sir^ei^ 

Inventors  and  ManufiMturers. 
Registered,  revolving,  double-standard  folio-finame. 

47  Rayner,  Annk,  15  Bemers  Street,  Ojiford  Street— 

Designer. 
Specimens  of  diamond  engraving  upon  black  marble,  as 
applied  to  table-tops,  letter-weights,  kc, 

48  Wood,  Joseph,  York — Inventor. 

York  kegs,  or  barrels,  used  by  sportsmen  for  carrying 
y!\tie»  s\tiritSf  or  beer. 


^ 


BHAKBPaRlUt  BHIKLI),   BT  LOKI   UXKBR. 


PLAS'nC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  Ac. 
AbeasF.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  akd  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  ft  32. 


49  Eaklc,  Jai 


a  IlowAMi.  50  Cpper  Man/lebOHC  SInxt 

— Designor  nnd  Punter. 
Folding  Bcnwa — encuutio    painting   in    iniitatian  o 
■ntii]ue  gemB,  iUuMruCiDg  the  story  of  Cnpid  and  Psyche 
lUile-top  iukitaiioD  of  buhl. 


60     HlTMraitlTB.  NoF3,  Benbt,  20  OorcArafn-  Placf, 
Blamtford  S'lunre — Deoipwir  and  Producer. 
Specimeiu  of  recant  progress  in  decorative  jprioting, 
•Hit  other  modes  of  book  iUustration,  uid  bookbinding;. 

52     Brfit,  G„  21  TifsM  fitrect,  Wilmmjtm  Sq-uve— 

OnjTt  gBin  csmeoii:^ — Figure,  Cupid  and  doves;  red 
-oomeliui.  Uasd  of  Ariadne,  ^ut&ce;  black  and  white. 
Mead  of  Bacchantes;  red.  Head  of  Oodden  of  Youth; 
black  and  vbjle.     Head  ofMedusa;  black  ajid  white. 


S3    Abbott,  QGoliaE,  *  Pirvfi  Street,  Bedfvnt  a>i\iare— 
Sculptor  and  Modeller. 
Alexander  the  Qreat  cronding  the  Qranicus.     Death  of 
William  Rufus. 


!i4         JoKEi,  OWMM,  9  Anji)!!  Place,  Regnl  Strtel— 
Architect. 
Printing  in  colours  from  atone  for  illustrated  norka. 


55       WiLBoH,  AmuED,  17  Oii«7iAi(Af~Produoer. 

Dengn  for  a  book  oorer,  cured  with  a  penknife ; 
Eut«l  in  cardboard  by  Walter  Blackett,  arcLiteot. 


56  H*B«ni,  James,  jun.,  10  ThonAUt  firitje  Plaat, 

/'[TifnuriVfc— Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Specioieii  of  sculptured  triezo  in  plaster  of  Paris. 

57  Crook,  FsEDEiiirz,  5  dimaiy  Street — 

Mnnu&ctiirer. 
A  dip;  of  the  Isrge  white  lily,  in  wrought  iron 
vtond,  ^ith  carved  iron  Itofsge  omamenta. 


.58  DfeIjs,  M.,  41    ToltenJuim  Court  Rond— 

Uanufoeturer. 
Speciiueoa  of  now  lithogrnphic  coloured  prinUug,  chiefly 

59      LeIohtok,  Jobn,  iO  Pre<rer  Stnvt,  (liAileit  S'/wirr, 
imrf  1 9  //i/A  lilrcrt,  Ciinulni  7W» — Designer. 

SluUui|«riaa  Shield— llie  seven  agen  ofnjsn:  a  dnaign 
fur  bamu-relievo,  illuminated  and  mounted  as  a  table 
Vip.     The  aoCKuipanying  Plnte  U  rDpresenta  thin  sldeld. 

Specimens  of  trade  marks,  monograms,  and  other  de- 
TioHi.  in  lariuus  material*. 

Specimens  of  working  dmn-ings,  designs  for  medals,  b 
cliandelier.  Imok-ciiTers,  stamps,  Ac. 

Specimens  of  ink-lithngmphy,  selected  from  woriu  by 
Luke  Linuier. 

(iO        I)Dasli.L.  Hehht,  S  r-rh  Trrriii-',  Q-iem'iRuni, 
ll'mi^-y  ft'-rrf— Modeller. 

PnTtrwt  mednllions  of  Her  Mujeiity  Queen  Victoria  and 
Mii.  Koyal  HighnpM  l-rince  Allwrt. 

Selections  fr..m  the  I'mious  by  Lc  Brim.  Modelleil  in 
illo-reliev.i,  luiii  i.n>iluci-.l  in  infrangil.lu  »-ai,  the  joint 
invention  of  the  eihil.itor  and  Mr.  U.  H.  BuwiK.  Tlio 
infranfliblc  wai,  owing  to  n  ulight  degree  of  elasliiaty,  re- 
lieve" itself  freely  from  the  diu,  whatever  may  bo  the  ei- 
t«Kt  i>f  the  undercutting". 


«1      llEl 


X  &  SOM,  S:r 


•■rrl-nul  IVAfirf,  Ulaekifv 


I'esigner  and  Manubcturcr. 

Two  candlestickn.  >.t  walniit-tnv  w.-'l.  car\-cd,  rvpra- 

fc'DtioK  the  flowen  of  the  convolvilus  and  mallow  inler- 


63     JcLUEN  &  Co.,  214  Kfgat  6[r«(— Proprieto™. 

Si>eciu]cna  of  ornamental  printed  music;  thros  of  th* 
titles  are  printed  in  oil  ooloun,  and  three  printed  in  colour* 
from  stone.  The  rauric  was  engraved  on  pewtar,  wdA 
afterwards  transferred  and  printed  from  stone. 

(>;U  Leake,  FaeoeillCK,  9  Wnmiak  Street,  Regent  Street 
— DaeignBr  and  Mannfiicturer. 
Patent  relievo  leather  tapestry  hangings,  for  halls, 
dining  and  drawing  rooms,  and  ceilings,  in  gold,  silTor 
and  colours,  gold  lacquer  and  colours,  the  old  Oermail 
manner,  and  grained  to  imitate  woods,  Ac. — A  panel  of  • 
room  decorated  in  this  style  is  exhibited  in  the  cut. 


Cornices  for  r 
silver,  and  grnic 
forflawors,  ie.,  in  tlientyle  of  OrinliugCHbbons'  carvings. 

FrHUies  of  leather  foliage,  fruit,  and  flowen,  in  gold, 
and  colour,  and  grained  in  imitation  of  carving*.  Medal- 
lion of  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  and  .10  other  oroamento 
iu  alto -relief 

Furniture,  book-case,  tablee.  and  cliairs,  mounted  with 
reliefs  in  leather.  Book-covers  in  bindings  for  booka, 
albums,  and  portfolios;   14  designs. 


i4      HiNBART,  M.  A  N.,  r.- 


-Prwluc 


e  Street,  Rathhoat 


Spedmonsnfchromo-lithiigniph;.  "  The  English  anuira 
of  the  last  century,"  executed  on  stone  by  Jubn  Brandard, 
fniin  a  waler-colour  drawing  by  Frederick  Taylor;  with 
iTupressions,  illustrating  ntaee*  of  the  procews  of  printing. 
"  The  babes  in  the  wood,"  on  stone  by  the  same,  from 
ilrawings  by  the  Mtu^hiunoss  of  Waterford.  "The 
f,^r^■st  fiUiii,"  on  stono  by  James  Covcutrv,  from  m. 
[minting  by  T.  Creswick.  "  Ldnilscnjie,  a  rLurcb,"  on 
i-t.inB  bj  Xoblo  and  Coventry.  "  LJvndscape,  a  mill, 
N.irlh  1\  ales,"  cm  stone  by  the  latter,  from  a  water-colour 
drawing  by  T.  Kowlsitham.  "  Lucerne,  Switzerland," 
orj  Kt^ine  br  tlie  same,  from  a  water-colour  drawing  by 
T.  M.  Kichanlsxn.  Intcndol  t.i  show  the  cajialiilitiw  of 
the  art  for  picturinl  n-iinwmtations.  The  novelty  is  the 
ajiplioitiun  of  gnuliintvil  tints. 


lij        Davis,  Wiu-IAK.  1:1  'Xwifcxn/*  Strret,  Regmfi 
P-irh — I  )v*iigTier. 
Tlieaacent  of  Sabrins.— Fn<m  Hill'in'R  "Comus." 
The  descent  of  Malirina.-Frnm  Hilton's  "('"mus." 
Titania  anil  ClhiT-n.     "  I'mui-,  trip  we  undrr  the  nig 

^liadr."  —  From    KhaLspmre's     ■■  Midmmmer     Kigl 


Clabs  30.— SCULPTORE,  MODEIS,  AND 
ABBA9  P.  30  TO  32,  G.  &  H.  28  TO  32,  ASD  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  A  32. 


6fi  CuATPELL  &  Co.,  Sil  -Ven-  Bond  Slrtet — 

Proprietors. 
SpaciuiunaoflithosTHiihic  printioK,  u  applied  to  rausic. 
The  illuHtmtiaiM  are  printfld  in  coloun  from  stoDe;  the 
music  is  fintt  engraved  od  powtcr  and  then  truuferred  to 
■toiie  for  printing. 

(57  Kdwaeds,  JoiiEPH,  40  Robert  Slrecl,  Hnmptlsad 

ffmiri— Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Biuso-relievos,  "The  lost  dream."     "Daugbterof  the 
dawn."     "  Medallion  of  a  lady." 

68       DlCKKS,  WiLUAM,  H  Old  FiA  Sli-eel,  Doctor^ 
Ci'iimimt — Inventor  and  Producer. 
Viu'iaiiH  Bpctjuunu  of   printing  in  oil  colours  trom 
raiaul  sur&c«B.       

G9      Solomons,  Aabon,  22  CimVif/a  Square,  H<idt  Park 
-~Manufactur«r. 

An  ivory  pagoda,  alter  the  atjld  of  that  of  Sir  William 
Chambers.  Thia  model  ia  turned  octagon  both  within 
and  without.  The  base  on  which  it  Lb  placed  is  a  Mock 
of  oannel  ooal.  The  ornamBlital  tablete  HurrouadiDR  it 
are  produced  b;  th<?  lathe  and  roae  en^ne. 

Two  apeoimena  of  old  «opue-t- — --- --  - 

...  1 i._a  ?_  -TjoQj  |,y  ^he  ea 


d  mounted  ii 


le  eilubitor. 


Lvorj, 


reetored 


70  Joiraa,  ABTni™  J.,  Stephen's  Green,  Dublm — 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Suite  of  Bcolptured  decotative  funiiture,  made  of  Irish 
bog  jaw;  with  embellishmenla  derived  from  objects  of 
interest  \a  Ireland,  ae  its  monarchs,  illustrious  chnnhoters, 
historic  events,  productions,  emblems,  mottoes,  legends, 
monuments,  antiquities,  &c.  (For  illustrations  and  full 
dedcriptiuD  see  also  Class  26,  No.  TH,) 

71  HoLUIANiiEL  k  Walton,  51  Great  Marlborough 

Sir«i— Inventors  and  Produce™. 

Sea-piece,  by  C.  Stanflold,  R,A.,  diaaTi  on  stone  with 
the  stump,  and  produced  nearly  in  the  same  manner  that 
a  stumped  drawing  is  upon  paper  with  black  lead. 
Landacnnes  by  J.  U.  Harding,  a  combination  <.<r  the  stump 
style  and  lithographic  chalk.  The  refectory  of  a  Capu- 
ohin  convent,  by  Q.  Cattermole  (two  copies),  produced 
is  lithotint ;  dnwn  on  the  stone  with  liquid  ink  and  a 
■able,  or  oamel  hair-brush,  in  the  same  manner  as  a  aepia 
or  Indian-ink  drawing  ia  upon  paper.  Hollusca,  by 
W.  Wing  (two  copies),  in  lithotint,  and  printed  in  co- 
lonr.  View  in  nanche  Comti!,  in  lithotint,  by  Louis 
Hashe.  Sea-view  and  sickroom,  by  W.  Cumwallis  Smith, 
in  lithotint.  Chateau  d'Eli,  on  the  Moselle,  and  view, 
drawn  bj  J.  D.  Harding,  in  lithotint. 

[The  art  of  lithography  is  indebt«d  to  the  lato  Ur.  C. 
HuUmandel  for  many  important  inventioos.  He  in- 
vented the  method  of  uning  the  "stump."  effecting  a  great 
saving  of  labour.  To  him  we  owe  the  "tinted  stylo"  and 
the  introduction  of  "printing  in  colours."  His  last 
InventioD  was  the  "lithotint,"  an  improvement  which 
had  been  declared  impitaibie  by  the  French  Institute. — 
B.  He,]  

72  DeacoCk,  E.,  20  U««i«  R,-eet,  MMteiex  Hofpital— 

Inventor. 
Working  model  of  a  newly -in  sentod  mat  machine,  for 
wiping  shoes. 

73  Tbondib,  M™.,  CamVi^/e— Producer. 
Wax  figures  of  Her  Majesty  and  Prince  Albert. 

74  BoGEBS,  W1U.IAM  Omns,  H)  Curtiilc  Street,  Soho— 

Designer  and  Producer. 

The  carved  boxwood  cradle  oihibited  by  Her  Majesty. 
For  dcHcHptioD,  see  No.  353. 

Carved  glass  frame,  1 1  feet  hiKh  by  9  feet  wide,  in 
lime  tree ;  composed  of  English  lluwcn,  fruits,  and  in- 
Bscts,  mouutod  upon  a  moiUding  of  walnut  wood,  with 
■n  arched  top. 


Trophy,  emblematieal  of  "PoUy,"  crowned  with  oak 
leaves,  ftc. 

Group  of  dead  game,  in  a  black  faune. 

Oval  frame,  carved  in  boxwood,  for  Nonnan  Wilkin- 
soQ,  Esq.,  composed  of  a  wnath  of  fiowei«.  Bracket, 
composed  of  the  models  of  the  Sowers  and  fruH  iutni- 
duced  in  the  reredos  recently  completed  for  St.  Stephen's 
(Siureh,  Walbrook,  by  lie  eihibitor. 

Grouse,  carved  in  lime  tree ;  group,  intended  for  a 
dining-room ;  duster  of  flowera  ;  bam  of  scroll-work,  ie 
the  style  of  Q.  Gibbons. 

Hunting  trophy,  compo 
carved  lobster ;  groups  ol 
intended  for  the  onuunenting  of  dining-rooms. 

Hoyal  trophy,  carved  in  lime  tree,  upon  ^Id  ground. 
The  oentre  group  composed  of  muaoal  inatniiuenta, 
scrolls,  hooka,  palettes,  pencils,  coronets,  aospbva.  chaiia. 
awores,  Ac. ;  in  the  lower  part,  medallion  portwta  of  tfas 
Queen,  Ac.  The  border  Is  formed  of  poop*  of  ffnn, 
trULt,  flovrem,  flsb,  and  shells. 

Glass  fi'ame,  composed  of  English  Sowars  and  ineects. 
Oval  frame,  mounted  on  a  blue  vslrat  ground,  of  tbt 
Venetian  school,  executed  for  the  Hon.  Aithtir  K(*t.  of 
Worthing.      An  oval    frame,   with   Urds,    ftuit,    and 

Four  brackets,  carved  in  aatui  wood,  oomposed  of 
herons,  uiuatics,  and  reptiles.  Two  brackets,  sbowiiig  a 
combination  of  carved  wood  and  ponsslain ;  partly  exe- 
cuted by  Chamberlain,  of  Worcester,  from  models  by 
tho  exhibitor.  Two  ^t  brac^etn,  eiecntod  for  P.  Oel- 
latly,  Esq.,  of  Limehouae.  Three  bncksta  of  similar 
chiJncter. 

Dead  game,  smpes.  Canopy  and  bracket  in  the  Italian 
style,  to  support  a  thermometer;  dougned  by  W.  Uairy 
Kogera,  Four  brackets,  masks  surrounded  by  Italian 
le^sge;  carved  in  boxwood  for  Q.  Field,  Esq.  Scroll- 
work frames,  boxwood,  mounted  on  an  ebony  groimd. 
Elizabethan  frame.      Italian  oval  fhuncs,  oomposed  of 

jorved  in  boxwood,  with  flowers. 
iaturea  of  memben  of  the  Royal 
Family  of  England  :  the  deeign  purely  royal.  Border  of 
pinks  arranged  roimd  an  oval  moulding.  Italian  minia- 
ture frame.  Miniature  frame  in  the  style  of  the  pBriod 
of  Elizabeth  and  James  1.  Ivory  handle  for  a  donert 
knife.  A  pnper-kmfe,  carved  in  ooxwood.  An  Itoliaa 
mask.  Boxwood  croeaas.  Guelder-rose,  copied  from 
nature.  Anemone  and  fuschia.  A  bunch  of  ivy.  Box- 
wood spoons,  Italian  style.     Orange  cup. 

Boxwood  sal  t-oellor,  enriched  with  columns,  and  sunk 
panels,  with  n>aoii  1  designed  by  W.  Harnr  Rogers  for  tbs 
Exhibition.  Two  ring  taEzsa.  Table  of  inlaid  marble, 
mounted  on  a  carved  oak  stand.  Table  dpv  box.  in 
boxwood,  with  foliage,  crests,  monognma,  ftc-i  execut<d 
fur  N.  Wilkinson.  Esq.  Toilet  glass,  supported  by  boya, 
bearing  lights.  Base  to  a  carving  in  hiunboo.  Oarved 
inkstAnd,  with  a  stag  in  the  centre,  forming  a  paper- 
weight, and  a.  cover  to  the  I'eceptacle  (iwsiwls  and  ■wnla*. 

Carved  bread  platteis,  with  motto  in  W^'«»',  French, 
and  Oenuau;  selected  by  Mrs.  W.  O.  Siipn.  I^y's 
work  table  in  satin-wood.  The  original  dsdgn,  by  Wm. 
Harry  Ituj^crs,  for  the  cover  of  the  Bibles  earnd  for 
Messrs.  Niebet.  Bust  of  Sir  Walter  Bcott,  began  by 
En);el,  on  mnrble. 

Cabinet,  made  for  Stewart  Mackeosiiv  Esq.,  of  Boa). 
shire,  in  which  are  introduced  I'i  Flemisb  csurings,  with 
a  figure  by  M.  3hee.  Boxwood  bnokets,  emblematical 
of  summer  and  winter. 

75  TaDEFtTT,  GeoSgE,  e  Bloomtbury  Square— 

Designer. 
Design  for  a  wronght-iron  canopied  tomb;  theroofand 

coloured  parts  to  be  of  porcelain,   and  the   figure  of 
alabaster. 

76  Gbat,  CuaKLeS,  1  Great  Ciatle  Slrecl,  Regenl  Street 

~  Manufacturer. 

Litho^pbic  landscapes  and  architsetural  viea-a.  printed 

with  a  amgle  tint,  and  with  two  and  thtw  tints.    FloKart 


i\ 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS.  ENAMELS,  &c. 
Abbas  F.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  akd  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


s,  litbogr^ilied  and  printed  in  coloura.  Illu- 
Iniiwt^  pnyen,  aocient  minnnl  ityle,  lithographed  aod 
t>niil«d  in  ooloun.    Set  of  illumiuted  IsbeU. 

V?  UhdeKWOOD,  Tauua,  Unim  Panage,  Birmirtghim — 
Lithogr^iluo  and  Coppar-plato  Printer. 
Lithognphic  printing  prva,  einibitins  s  new  procera 
<if  iiroduciog  imitationi  tn  mter-oolour  drawings  and  oQ 
(wDtiuga.  Bj'  thui  pncan  a  great  nombar  of  good  imprea- 
■joaa  maj  b«  taken. 

78   Lit iRD,  Cjlbouhe  Mart.  SutTi  (irow,  Cifflffllr^ — 
Modeller. 
Uodeli  of  the  Ninereh  uuirtilea  now  in  the  Britiib 
lliweum,  hj  a  self-tao^t  relative  of  Dr.  Lajard. 


79    Aij^s,C.B.,li  Loiter PorcliialerSt>vet,Hy<It  Park 
—Producer. 

Vase  in  red  cl»y.  Design  for  a  moDumontal  crow  to 
the  memar;  of  William  Caiton,  Buggested  bj  tho  Dean 
or  St.  Paul'*. 


lo-UthOEraphy.  The  deatruction  of  Jenuafem,  and 
other  worki,  to*  Louu  Huhe, 

Tinted  viewi  of  the  Britannia  bridge,  hj  Oeorge 
Hawkiiia.    A  mbject  after  Chitlon,  by  Edmund  Walker. 

Plates  by  Francia  Bedford,  after  drawing*  by  Matthew 
Digby  Wyiitt,  being  illustrationa  of  metal  work,  &c. 


8 1      OnRDON,  J^Mrai,  46  Fiirh  Street,  Brulol — Carver. 

Carvings  in  box-wood.  Vase,  &om  the  ontiiiue ;  uid 
BaHiariiu.  AuatomicBil  figure  in  iron,  with  Bupplementary 
■nodaU,  iateoded  to  show  the  iutncadea  of  the  minute 
iMiniitruction  of  the  hunum  body,  teparatsly  or  united. 
Xha  muiwlGa  nuy  be  removed  or  ahiited,  so  aa  to  Bhow 
the  boDcH,  and  lill  the  point!  pn  their  aurface  to  wiucb 
the  teadona  are  attiuho-l.  The  left  aids  of  the  figure 
in  comp-Med  of  imitAtiva  bonee,  muecleit,  and  ligBmeDts. 
On  the  rijitht  Hide  are  the  artorioH,  veina,  nervoH,  iind  the 
principal  abaorbent  veMela  called  lymphatics.  The  luft 
liand  uf  the  figure  reats  on  a  iniall  Egyptian  obelisk, 
which  sane*  as  a  cabinet  to  hold  Che  slidoa  on  which  tho 
amall  in->debi  are  piaced.  Without  these,  tho  solo  of  the 
foot,  and  other  [*rta,  raumot  be  seen. 


82  WiLLiASB,  Jamks,  U  Alphn  Rmd,  Btgenfi  Park— 
Pniprietor. 
A  Doric  column,  carved  from  various  natural -coloured 
wooila.  io  iuiitatiun  of  marble,  and  ornamented  with  por- 
tntiU  of  three  celebrated  Italiim  artists,  Itaphotl,  Michael 
Angelo,  aad  Vitnivius,  with  their  several  attributca;  upon 
the  baae  is  represented  a  fly,  sculptured  in  ebony,  and 
the  column  it  aurmunted  by  a  statue  of  Minerva.  Artiat — 
BuDtauigo,  on  Italian. 

&!     S*SOIo»AJH(I,  R,  13  CUn-ncc  Plaet,  Brighton— 
Producor. 
Tom  cottn  models  of  B  wild  boor;  ofa  group  of  dugs; 
kud  uf  a  i<tag  hunted  by  doga. 

84  Pl'lLeN,  R.,  fiiniAiim,  I'urrey — Donigner. 
Baaao  relieiu  in  wood,   "  Tho  Villnge  Dance."     8tatue» 

in  wood,    ■■  Tho   Wearied  Pedlar,"   aitd    "  The  Oii«y 
Fiddler." 

85  Mabtw  ft  Hooo,  8  Grf,it  y,---piirt  Street,  Lficciler 

K/Miirc — Produceni. 
Specimen  of  lithograph,  in  the  style  of  tine  engravin;;. 
drawn  on  stone,  conHisting  of  landscapes,  various  stylte 
of  architecture,  ]i.jrtnuta,  delinealiona  uf  subjoots  in 
Uul<imy,  armoury,  b.jtany,  conolioiogy,  drniieiy,  cm- 
bniideij,  fotinge,  gtogmphy.  hieroglyphics,  machiuery, 
Ac.  The  at.jn«  from  which  the  abovii  and  many  thmisand 
impreauona  have  been  printed  ia  exhibited  in  the  same 


Lithographed  fac-einiile  of  Hollar's  celebrated  four- 
ahtwt  view  of  Lonilon  iu  164T,  ae  it  apfioared  before  the  . 
close  of  the  reign  of  King  Charlea  the  ¥irat,  and  previous 
to  the  Qreat  Fire.  . 


16  Uabvet,  Abthdii,  Pcntnncc — Producor. 

Carvings  in  boi-wooil ;  Peter  tho  Great,  and  Laocoon. 
Wild  sports  of      "     '       *'     '      ''      " 


^f  the  Kort— Attack  of  the  lion. 


67    MiTCBGLL,  Joseph  Thoilab,  Pfrcy  Place,  Clapham 
/ft-iii— I'rodueer. 

Specimeua  of  charred  chonut-wood  engiaving: — 

"  Tlio  execution  of  Siuut  John,"  from  a  mezzotint,  by 
Prince  Kupcrt,  in  the  British  Huoeum. 

"  Tliechapeau  du  brigand,"  from  a  picture  by  T.  Uwins, 
H.A.,  in  the  Vemon  Qallety. 

"  The  naughty  boy,"  ^m  a  pictiure  by  Edwin  Land- 
eoer,  II.A.,  in  the  potBaasion  of  John  Stujepahnnks,  Esq. 


88     RlNQHA*.  H.,  Cur  Siretl,  /pno'ci— Manufacturer. 
Group  of  wheat  and  poppies,  carved  in  lime-wood. 


blonomi,  wiui  acceaaoriea  boldly  curved.  This  group  t* 
repn«ented  in  the  Plate  107. 

A  group  of  dead  game — partridge,  woodcock,  sjid  snipe. 
The  golden  plover,  with  ivy  branch. 

A  group  of  fruit,  flowers,  and  com.  This  group  la 
represented  io  the  fullowiug  cut. 


The  iris  ptiuit.  A  plitte  of  fruit.  Carved  bread' 
platlfTs.  Each  study  is  from  natUN,  and  carnd  Out  of 
wild  lime-tne. 


Class  30.— SCULPTURE,  MODELS,  AND 
ASEAB  F.  30  TO  32,  0.  ft  H.  28  TO  32,  and  I.  Sc  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


90         Kmos,  James,  Pole  Horc,  Wt-r/ord,  Inlmd— 
DeBJgner  and  UHnufaoturer. 
ReguteriNl  picture  frame,  of  noir  design;  two  tnigau 
twined  together,  aa  us  to  forni  the  frame,  which  is  eii 
ciited  ill  Iiidh  bog  oaIc. 

92  De  Gboot,  C,   I  Birirfi  Rot,  DiJiHn—DemgDer  and 

Himulactitrer.     Agent  in  London.  J.  Kendaix, 
8  /farp  L-uie,  GkjI  Toinr  Sl-ivl. 
BMlcet  of  fruit,  flowers,  and  ornament*,  carved  iu  »ycii- 
niore;  oval  picture  frame,  carred  iu  lime-tree. 

93  CaBWCH,  Charles,  Cualerh'mj — DaHiguer  and 

Manufacturer. 
LDo-t«ble  slab;  inlaid  with  TariouBl^-caloured  wooda, 
Wid  interspersed  with  pieces  of  whalebone,  cone,  ebony, 
&c,.  fomiing  various  devices;  among  whiob  are  two  eu- 
Velopes,  witb  etamps.  Another,  with  2^^  difiereaC  kinds 
of  woods,  British  and  foreign,  representing  geometrical 

B5         LOSOLEY,  W.  H.,  I  E'llon  Ptocr,  Piii-k  Street, 
Orfatd  ,«lw/— Manufacturer. 
Wood-carving,  consisting  of  basket  of  flowers  and  two 
kanu  of  plent;. 


0.1,  St.  AW«, 


96  HHjLS,  Isabella  Frances, 

ffimli — Inventor  and  Producer. 
Copies  of  engravings  from  Landseer,  and  others,  etched 
witb  hot  irons.  The  exhibitor  has  invented  Lnatnimenta 
for  the  Diecutiou  oF  works  in  the  pyrof>raphic  style  (com- 
moiilj  called  "  poker  painting").  Etched  by  the  sole  aid 
of  these  iostruments,  drawings  ma;  be  as  neatly  executed 
■a  with  a  pencil,  and  no  durable  is  their  nature  that  they 
will  lant  unUl  the  wood  decays.  The  exhibitor  baa  alno 
Wicceeded  in  so  preparing  the  wood  as  to  prevent  its 
Warping  from  the  excessive  heat  necessary.  The  colouring 
ii  entirely  the  result  of  heat. 

97  Caitert,  Rev.  WiLLiAX.  3  Grenl  Cillege  Slriet, 

Westmiimler — ^Doaigner  imd  Artiflt. 
Specimen  of  pjrognipby,  executed  upon  lime-tree, 
with  a  common  poker,  heated  to  a  red  lieat.  The  more 
delicate  shades  are  produced  by  moistening  the  wood 
before  heating.  The  subject  of  the  design  is  "  Paul  and 
Silas  in  prison  at  Philippi." 

98  Wrioht,  FREDBBirK,  23  Ciraicesler  Place,  Filmy 

Si/aiirf — Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Bracket  for  an  or&tury,  carved  in  Diahogsny. 

99  MiLLBANK,  D.,  10  CmiJvrhiui  Pl,i^,  Am  Ho,id— 

Producer. 
Two  inlaid  table  tops. 


101     Pemt,  William,  Bridge  Flrcet,  TliNnion— DeaignBr 
and  Executor. 

The  Taunton  vase,  carved  in  a  new  and  simple  outline, 
containing  a  bunob  of  roess,  executed  in  boxwood.  The 
body  coatiuns  an  originsJ  allegorical  composition,  divided 
by  trees  into  two  compartments,  illustrating  the  present 
■tiite  of  the  world.  Uie  (Ireat  Exhibition  ..f  Industiy, 
Stu.  A  group  of  BiiiniBls  n'!" -ii -■  nui!.  i  .i  I'l  ■■  nld  oak. 
The  British  Lion,  the  Au^i'  ■     .  ;.  ;    i:,.-k\  the 

Oallic  Cock,  the  PruMinii    f  ■  i    .       m  Bear, 

for  Europe;  theCamol,  fur. Vi  ■  ■■     ■i' .Vfiica; 

and  the  American  Eacle.      It  /.I  i     :.■  1.    '  »iiii:i,  and 

Ihn  "Social  effects  of  thri  EiliibitiMi,"  Tliia  vaaa  is  re- 
prwented  in  the  annexed  cut. 

I'he  stand  oloM  underneath  the  body  is  enriched  witb 
dutina  of  corals  snd  jewels,  »nd  with  the  Rosa,  Thistle, 


and  Shamrock,  the  British  Bowem;  the  Lily  of  FMnc«i 
the  Orange,  for  Italy  and  Southam  Europe ;  th*  Sun- 
flower, for  Asia;  the  Tea  Plant,  For  China;  the  Camellia, 
for  Japan  ;  the  Coffee  Plant,  for  Arabia ;  the  OKtoi, 
for  Africa;  the  Epactes,  for  the  Cape;  the  Indian  Corn, 
for  America;  the  Cocoa  Nut,  for  the  South  Sm  Islands; 
and  the  Wheat,  for  Auattalio. 

IfVames  for  miniatures,  showing  specimens  of  ctu-vingin 
its  various  Btnges,  from  the  design  Co  the  Bnished  article. 

102  TwBLTIDOE,  — ,  Maiwfitld,  Ao(/»— ProducBT. 

Carved  panel,  "Othello." 

102a        WaLkeh,  J.,  Grmt  Marh-I,  Nrwattlt-Hfm-TgaM 

Carved  oak  pane!,  stained  as  old  oak,  subject,   "  Christ 
blessing  little  cbitdren." 

103  EwjciUNT,  EDWAfU>,  34t;  and  Ml  Oxford  Strtei-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Leather  flowers  and   thiit,  adapted  for  fouiiea,  uphol' 

Btery,  and  inteninl  decorations. 

10+        Cook,  Geonoe,  ByiU  Park  Lodje — Carver. 

Vlitie  of  carve'l  wood  (in  lime  tree),  "  Virtue  surmounlj 
all  obstacles." 

Alexander  attacking  the  rersians. 

105        Sutton,  H.,  9^  VinLrhall  Street,  VoHxkall— 
ManufactuTBT. 
Picture  frame,  inlaid  with  tortotseshell  and  mothcr-oF- 

1 09  Stalos,  John,  4a  Penrick  Street,  &Jio— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Inkstand  carved  in  English  walnut. 

IOi»      Bbookeb,  Oeobob,  3  T/Hily  Slrwi,  C^itJrrilst— 
Deaigoar. 
Model  of  120-giin  ship,  madeof  oork. 
Deaign  of  the  great  quadrangle  of  Trinity  College. 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  &c. 
Abeas  p.  30  to  32,  a.  ft  H.  28  to  32,  and  L  tc  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


110       CooKxa  ft  Boin,  f^mnoi — Dedgnen  and 


The  KioOwortli  oak  bnflM,  with  •colptured  nlierog, 
iltuatratire  of  eraDta  at  Koilworth  Cistle,  from  a  oele- 
bntad  oak  trea  grown  upon  ita  domain.  Tha  accom- 
[ia»ing  Ptalaa  rwfcaaant  tbia  buflM,  83,  39. 

llM  wood  of  wbich  UuB  bnfbt  was  made  waa  obtained 
fmn  a  i  nliTnl  oak  trea,  which  grew  near  Kenilworth 
Caatle,  in  Warwickshire,  mesauring  1 0  feet  in  diameter, 
and  cnutaiuilig  about  600  cubic  feet  of  wood,  which  wui 
lareUed  in  1S43,  and  afWwBrda  purchaaed  by  the  ei- 
hibiton.  Hie  milgect  of  the  daaign  ii  the  Kenilworth 
Pigeant  of  157S,  in  honour  of  Queen  Elliubeth'a  riait  to 
the  Barl  of  Laioeater,  dncribed  b J  Laaeham  and  Oaaaoigiie , 
two  aHnndanta  (Hi  tlie  Qnaen  in  thia  "  RoTal  progreaa," 
aad  TiTidI;  reproduoad  W  Soott.  The  deogn  of  the 
emtM  panel,  oarred  out  ofone  solid  block  of  oak,  rqiro- 
•Hrta  Queen  EUabetli  anteting  KenllwMth  Castle,  in  all 
tba  pomp  nauallT  diaplajed  on  tbeaa  oooaaioni.  The 
eaTaloade  k  aeon  oroaaine  uie  lilt  Tard,  and  approaidiing 
the  faaM  mart  of  the  building  by  Kortimer^  Tower. 
I  likaatai  b  bairiieaded  and  on  foot,  leading  the  hone 
upon  which  hia  Miguat  miatreaa  la  aeated,  magnifioantl; 
arrajad.  The  Qaeen,  (then  tn  her  4Znd  Tear,)  wean  her 
CTDwn,  ud  haa  arauDd  ber  neok  the  anonnoua  ruff  in 
wbidi  ahe  ia  alwara  rnmsented.  Two  pa^  follow  the 
Sowreign,   Tie  ^lof  Leioeitar  ladreaaedui  acourtiar'B 


garb.  A  long  train  of  attandaata  follow  the  Queen  aod 
Mr  boat,  oompoaed  of  ladiaa,  itateamen,  knigbta,  and 
warrior* ;  aoiae  on  foot,  others  on  honebock.  In  the 
diatanc*  ate  aoldiera  and  a  mixed  multitude  of  people. 
A  portion  of  the  Caatle  ia  aeen  in  the  back  ground.  At 
one  end,  the  gateway  through  which  the  caraloade  la 
about  to  paaa,  u  Hortimer's  Tower^  the  rnmaina  of  which 
are  atill  in  elisteoce,  and  consideTsbly  heighten  the 
romantic  beauty  of  the  Kenilworth  ruiua.  At  the  oppo- 
Bte  end  of  the  panel,  the  Earl  of  Suaaei,  Leiceater'B  rival 
in  the  fitvonr  of  Queen  Elinbeth,  ia  conapicuouilv 
Been,  mounted  on  a  chaiger.  almost  covered  with  rich 
traopingi,  on  which  are  tnosd  hia  coronet  and  monogram. 
On  the  table  part  underneath  the  centre  panel  is  dia- 
pUjed  the  Tudor  Roee,  emblematic  of  the  period,  and 
auimounted  by  the  royal  crown,  with  the  famous  motto 
of  Eliiabeth,  'semper  eadem,'  on  a  ribbon.  Ou  the 
■pandreli,  supported  by  water  flowera,  and  rock  woik 
pmdeDtires,  aremarineBubjecta  taken  Tromths  'Pageant,' 
namely,  a  Tritou  on  the  Mermaid,  and  Arion  on  the 
Dolphin,  connected  with  Hike  Lamboume's  nuHbap,  in 
the  noTel  of  Kenilworth.  The  panel  ou  the  right,  or 
dexter  side  of  the  buffbt,  recalls  the  scene  in  the  same 


when  Queen  EUiabeth  meete  Amy  lUibaart  ii 
grotto,  in  the  grounds  of  the  Castle.  The  subjr  '  - 
left  panel  of  the  buSet,  represents  the 


•object  of  the 
view  of  Queen 
Eliiabeth  and  Leicester,  after  the  eipoaure  of  the  deceit 
practised  upon  her  by  the  latter,  and  bin  mariiage  with 
Amy  Robeart.  Leicester  is  iliowu  in  a  kneeling  |H-aitiiin, 
with  one  hand  ou  his  breast,  anil  the  other  fitetHia  to- 
wards Elisabeth,  as  if  appealing  to  her  Hensibility.  The 
RoeiM  repreaenta  a  lattice  window,  and  other  appurt«- 
naucaa  of  tJie  window,  in  tbe  withdntn-ing  room  of 
Kenilworth  Castle.  The  four  statuettes  at  the  corners 
are  emblematic  of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  Thew  penon- 
ages  hare  been  selected  as  more  prominently  adorning  the 
times  of  this  BOTereign  with  their  peculiar  eicellvocies. 
At  the  extreme  corner  of  the  right,  or  dexter  pedestal,  is 
repreaented  Sir  Philip  Syriuey,  the  nephew  of  the  Sari  of 
Leioeater,  whose  cbaract«r  combined  all  the  ijualilics  of  a 
great  poet,  warrior,  and  statesman.  Ho  diet!  in  I.IWi. 
He  is  dimlayed  in  armour,  typical  of  the  military  ochieTo- 
menta  of  Eliiabeth's  reign,  leaning  on  the  sword,  and 
barriieadad.  The  shape  of  Sir  Philip's  sword  (which  is 
atill  preaerved  at  Penahurst)  is  singular,  the  handle  being 
about  Ifi  inchee  long.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  same 
padsMal    will  be   recognizad    Sir   Walter   Italeigh,    who 

literature.  He  is  arrayed  in  a  courtier's  dress,  sad  the 
figure  rcnreaeota  bim  in  a  thoughtful  attitude,  n-ilh  s 
acToll  and  pen  in  his  hand.  RhIi'IkIi  was  Leheaded  on  a 
charge  uf  high  treason  in  liils.     On  tin?  left  poli'^tal  nt 


the  inner  side  of  the  biiBU  ia  a  figure  of  Shakapeare,  who 
is  ahown  in  a  reflective  mood.  Ilua  great  dramatist  died 
in  1616.  Thelaatfiguieis  that  of  Sir  Francis  Drake,  tha 
first  Englishman  who  circumnavigated  the  globe.  An 
anchor  ia  appropriately  introduced,  emblematic  of  hie 
naval  career;  and  the  costume  choaen  is  a  oourt  dress. 
Drake  died  in  \b95.  The  ragged  staff  mouldings  of  the 
Kenilworth  buffet  are  imitations  of  the  best  eiamples  in 
the  Beauchamp  Chapel,  Warwick,  where  the  Sari  of 
Leicester  is  interred.  'The  supporters  to  the  projecting 
shelves  also  represent  the  proud  crest  of  this  splendid 
noble,  the  Bear  and  Ragged  Staff,  borne  by  the  Earls  of 
Warwick  from  the  most  remote  timee. — The  amall  panela 
of  the  buffet  behind  the  Leicester  oogniamce,  contain 
monograms  of  the  date  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  visit  to 
Kenilworth  Castle,  and  the  eventful  year  1851,  with  the 
cipher  of  the  reigning  monarch,  deeuped  to  record  the 
era  of  the  Qreat  Exhibition  of  all  Nations.  Around  the 
door  panels  of  the  Kenilworth  buSet  are  copies  of  archi- 
tectural details  still  aeen  on  the  Qate  House,  the  only 
habitable  portion  of  the  Caatle  now  remaining,  and  an 
indication  of  which  may  be  traced  by  the  introduction  of 
the  initial  letters  R.  L.  in  the  ragged  staff  form,  on  the 
spandrils,  and  which  are  again  obeerrod  surmounting  the 
shelves  on  either  side.  The  upper  part  above  the  shelf 
of  each  pedeetal  of  the  buffet  displays  the  monogram  of 
the  Earl  of  Leicester,  encircled  bj  the  i"«igni«  of  the 
order  of  the  Oaiter,  and  surmounted  bj  hia  coronat,  a* 
may  be  aeen  on  the  alabaster  cbinmey-piece  in  the  gate 
houaa  of  Kenilworth  Caatle. 

An  important  future  in  the  production  of  thia  work  of 
art  is  the  introduction  by  Mr.  Walter  Cooper,  of  pn'iitoui, 
employed  by  stone  and  marble  sculpton,  and  in  this  in- 
stance successfully  applied  to  wood;  by  this  means  greater 
accuracy  in  copying  from  the  plaster  model  has  been 
attained.  The  decorations  on  each  side  are  specimens  of 
Elizabethan  ornaments,  designed  by  the  profnietois. 

Ill    Fi 


Clabb  30.— SCULPTUBB,  MODELS,  AND 
Abeas  F.  30  to  32,  O.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  ft  81 


111a  Betson,  JiMM,  7  Wilmol  Slr^t,  Derby— 
Producer. 
Tha  "  I.ord'n  Praj-er"  in  illiimiiiBtad  chftrnctera;  con- 
BistiTi^  of  tweaty-six  diBerent  Htylee  of  tettarinic,  and  sur- 
roundel]  by  B  mnsaive  coloured  border.  The  wbole 
executed  in  gold  iLad  silver  brooKes.  and  brilluuit  opaque 
colouiB,  with  a  commou  Boble  pencil. 

112    CirNDii.i.&ADDKY,  21  Old  BotidSlreet—'PiMahem. 

CopioR  of  aacred  pictui 
with  tints,  bjmeBOBof  wo( 
of  Lambs-conduit  Street. 

The  Laat  Supper,  by  Ijeonardo  da  Vinci,  drawn  on  the 
wood  by  H.  AnelAy. 

The  Holy  Family  (La  belle  Jardini6re),  by  Raphael 
d'Urbino,  dirawu  by  U.  Anelaj. 

The  Descent  from  the  Cross,  by  Rubens,  diawn  on  Uie 
wood  by  H.  Johnmn. 

The  Adoration  of  the  Shepherds,  by  Rembrandt,  drawn 
tin  the  wood  by  T.  Beech. 

CopisB  of  water-colour  drawings,  printed  in  coloura  by 
ueann  of  a  succession  of  wooden  blocka,  by  MeHsra. 
Leighton. 

The  Qlooner,  by  William  Lee. 

The  Kut-gatherer«,  by  Edward  Wehnert. 

The  Villugo  Dance,  tn  John  Abeolon. 

Cattle  nt  Uie  Streun,  by  HarriBon  Weir. 

Spocimena  of  wood-cut  printing,  by  Robson,  Levey, 
and  FYimklyo,  of  New  Street,  Fetter  Lnno. 


'■.w.iiaiD* 


1 1 3  KjNo,  TiiaH.ts  Richards,  5  Ouuvh  Ho 
Inventor  aod  Designer. 
Specimen  nf  a  new  style  of  paintiuji;,  invented  by  tbe 
exhibitor  and  executed  in  ten  hours.  This  invention  con- 
eista  in  the  application  of  finely-pulreriaed  colour  to  a 
granulated  otj-ground.  It  is  applicable  to  figures,  land- 
scape, fruit,  and  flowers. 


114  Lettb,  Sahubl,  9  South  Ftreel,  Andreie's  Slrccl, 
Eili-ilinn/h — -InTenlcr. 
A   volume,    containing  specimens   of  a  new  procew 
i  ntended  oa  a  substitute  for  the  use  of  India  pajier  i 
plate  printing. 


1 15       Baiteh,  Oboiuii^  11  Jk  12  Northampton  Sgmre — 
Inventor,  Manubcturcr,  and  Patentee. 
Specimens  of  patent  oil-colour  pioturo-printing — his- 
torical, portraits,  architectural,  and  landscapes. 


116  Nbhet,  James.  A  Co.,  21  Btmers street,  Orfard 
iilreet— Producers. 
Bible,  bound  in  woocl  and  leather,  with  silver-gilt 
mountings.  On  the  upper  panel,  from  a  drawing  by  Oil- 
bert,  Hoae^iarepreaentcd  pointing  the  wounded  Israelites 
to  the  brazen  seipent:  a  symbol  which  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ  appropriated  to  himself  when  he  said,  "  As  Mosus 
lifted  up  the  serpent  in  the  nilderness,  even  so  must  the 
Son  of  Han  be  lifted  up,  that  Khosoever  believeth  in  Hini 
ahould  not  pariah,  but  have  everlasting  life." — Johniii,  14. 
This  foreshadowing  of  the  Qospel  from  the  base  of  Mount 
Sinni,  has  been  selocted  as  an  np|irupriat«  decoration  of  a 
book  containing  the  Old  and  New  Twtaments. 


diiriuH  the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth  century,  de 
■igneil  by  Harry  Riiors,  The  whole  carved  in  boi-wood 
by  W.  Q.  Rogers.  The  binder,  Mr.  Hayday,  has  coni- 
bmod  the  two  materials,  wood  and  leather.  im>  as  to  form 
■  useful  and  handsome  blading.  The  ai^nining  cut, 
next  column,  repmenta  the  upper  panel  of  Oiit  Kble. 


120  Robinson,  Francis  K.,  Whilbii,  rortsUv— Haks. 
Model  of  the  ruins  of  Whitby  Abbey  befora  the  bll  of 
the  great  western  window  in  17B0,  and  of  th«  towcc  is 
1^30.  The  flat  surfaces  are  cardboard;  the  oRMiiieiKal 
and  moulded  pnrt«  cast  in  compowtioii,  used  in  iiisk  ii^ 
pioture-E^aiue  ornaments;  the  pillars  and  liullii—ie  act 
wood,  and  a  superior  affect  has  been  nbtajned  t^  the  ap- 
plication of  atrii^g  of  various  thicknesses  for  nn  '  " 
and  the  bands  for  the  capitals.     Length,  4  feet  6 


121     CouxT,  QfMHOE,  8  V/jier  Dortet  Strtrt,  Btigrat* 
Road,  /  ii«/.-<«— Daaigner  and  Hodsller. 
Plaster  model  representing  "TbePeoceftil  Arta  trium- 
phant over  War;"  with  a  medallion  of  Prince  Albirt  in 


12.1 


Wbiting,  CnAttLzs,  Beanf^rt  Hoim,  Bemfari 

Baildiajt,  SfnmJ— Proiwietor. 
mens  of  printing,  on  the  principle  of  lettecproa, 
entitled  ^^Compound  plate  printing,  caineo  esnboMuv, 
and  relief  engravings."  A  compound  plMe  is  stated  t« 
be  capable  of  printing  numerous  imprevioDa,  witbont 
visible  deterioration. 

[The  patents  for  this  invention,  which  were  gmted  to 
the  late  Sir  William  Congreve.  about  twenty -seven  yun 
since,  when  it  was  introduccil  into  H.  H.  Exci«e  and  Stamp 
OfBcea  for  protection  against  fot^ry,  b«aaie  the  pn>- 
perty  of  the  present  exhibitor  in  the  year  Itclc.  Tbt 
Excise  permits,  the  Stamp  Office  medicine  stamp*,  aixl 
the  emboescd  poetage  stamps,  are  produced  on  Lbe  prin- 
ciple of  theae  pateots.] 


KnioDoif.] 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  &c. 
Arkab  F.  30  to  82,  O.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


829 


124      MiTCHBLL,  SOFBIA  Awif,  50  Wtgtnore  Street, 
Cinewiiek  Square — ^Producer. 
Model  of  «  lady  in  the  Court  costume  of  the  reign  of 
Queen  Victoria. 

126    hamamsi,  I.,  8  Tretor  Terrace,  Knighitbridje — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Tableau  of  flowers  modelled  in  wax,  in  a  gilt  comu- 
copia,  festooned  with  aooms  and  leaves,  in  a  looking- 
glasafinune. 

126    SomoNS,  Javes,  6  Portobelh  Terrace,  Kensington 
Park,  Notimg  iTiY/— Manufacturer. 
Statauy  marble  work-box,  carved  in  bold  relief,  with 
gnrap  of  flowers  on  the  top,  Ihied  with  crimson  velvet  and 


129  WoLCT,  E.,  ft  Son,  23  Ckwdi  Street,  Spitalfield^— 
Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 

Grste  Iwii,  or  newly-invented  pennanent  coloured 
dudka  in  oedar  pencils;  superior  to  the  ordinary  crayon, 
and  jprodiiehig  drawings  quite  equal  to  water-colour,  for 
depth,  brilliancy,  and  narmonious  effect.  The  drawings 
miMla  by  the  creta  hevis  pencils  cannot  be  obliterated  by 
mbbing,  and  are  not  aflfocted  by  heat  or  climate. 

Bcgiatersd  sketch-book,  containing  evory  requisite  for 
the  artist,  vis.:  a  solid  sketch-block,  with  drawers  for 
CAloun,  bmahee,  sketching-pendls,  creta  hevis  or  cray- 
ooa,  two  dippers,  water-bottle,  ftc. ;  all  in  the  same  size 
and  shsiM  aa  a  common  sketch-book. 

Athenian  crayons  and  best  drawing-pencils,  black-lead. 
l^Meimaoa  of  drawings  in  the  creta  Issvis.  Athenian 
crayons^  and  black-lead. 

1.10  Watson,  E.  F.,  201  PuxadiUy— Carver  and  Qilder. 
Specimens  of  gilding,  bronzing,  &c. 


131  Pftr»fT,  Taos.  Jones,  101  Stanhope  Street, 

Nampttead  Road — ^Designer. 
The  Dying  Troubadour.     Vida  Sir  Walter  Scott. 

132  HAwmiNS,  B.  W.,  57  Cambridge  Street,  Hyde  Park 

Gate — ^Designer. 

Group  in  bronze  metal  of  the  European  bison  or 
aurochs;  modelled  and  chased  for  presentation  to  H.I.M. 
the  Elmperor  of  Russia,  from  the  Zoological  Society 
of  London.  The  fox-hunters'  candelabra.  Model  of  the 
anatomy  of  the  horse.  Model  of  a  fire-place,  composed 
of  metal  and  porcelain. 

133  RiCHABDeoN,  Edward,  7  Mclbury  Terrace — 

Modeller. 
William  Marshall,  Earl  of  Pembroke  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  the  Thinl;    John  Oower  reciting  his  i>oems  to 
Richard  the  Second;  horse  in  full  action;  all  in  bronze. 
Youthful  athleta>,  in  plaster  of  Paris. 


135  Hatitkld,  John  Atres,  21  Cmnhrrlitwl  Street, 
MuMtcsex  /fftfpit* d — Manufacturer. 
Bronze  bust  of  Her  Majesty,  from  the  original  by  Sir  F. 
Chantrey.  Bronze  figure  of  the  "  Youth  at  the  stream/' 
from  original  by  J.  H.  Foley.  Boy  and  girl,  from  original, 
in  terra-cotta.  Fighting  gladiator,  and  Dying  gladiator, 
from  antique.  Fountain  inkntand.  EtjueHtrian  statue  of 
Napoleon.  Figures  of  Napoleon ;  Venus  at  the  bath ;  and 
Mercury.  P^r  of  candelabra,  with  boy  figure  and  lily 
branches.  Small  vase  with  sunflower  branches,  in  or- 
molu.   

13G      Copland,  Charles,  Smth  I'ilias,  Kennington  Oval 

— l*ropriftor. 
Fac-simile  of  the  Barl>erini  or  Portland  vase,  moulded 
at  Rome,  from  the  original,  by  the  celebrated  seal  en- 
graver, Pechler,  before  it  came  into  the  i)oKHOHrtion  of  Sir 
Wm.  Hamilt<m;  an<l  taken  off  by  Tansic,  the  modeller 
(only  a  few  casts  being  pcrmittefl),  when  the  mould  woa 
destr«>yed.  Presented  by  the  late  Duchess  of  Gordon  to 
P.  CopUnd,  LL.D. 


[This  fiuned  triumph  of  Qreciao  art  was  discovered 
about  the  middle  of  the  IGth  century,  enclosed  in  a  sar- 
cophagus within  the  monument  of  the  Emperor  Alexan- 
der Severus  and  his  mother  Julia  Mamnuc,  at  the  Monte 
del  Grano,  about  two  miles  and  a-half  from  Rome  on  the 
Frescati  road.  The  sarcophagus,  a  very  noble  work  of 
art  is  still  at  Rome,  and  the  vase  remained  for  upwards 
of  two  centuries,  the  chief  attraction  of  the  Bari)erini  Pa- 
lace in  the  same  city.  It  was  obtained  subsequently  by 
Sir  William  Hamilton,  and  upwards  of  50  years  ago  was 
purchased  by  the  Duke  of  Portland,  whose  property  it 
still  remains.  The  figures  are  designed  and  executed 
with  exquisite  skill. — R.  He.] 


137     Christib,  a.,  Poyal  TnstitfUion,  Edinburgh — 

Designer. 
Twine-holder. 


138  Sherwood  Iron  Works — Producer. 

Casting  from  an  antique  statuette  of  Bacchus. 


139  BooTE,  T.  &  R.,  Burslem,  Staffordshire— Producer. 
Portland  vase,  fawn  ground,  white  figures,  about  3  feet 
high:  process  patented.  Vases,  groups  of  flowers,  and 
statuettes,  in  Parian.  Parian  bust  or  Sir  Robert  Peel, 
after  Sir  T.  Ijawrence.  Doric  mosaic  vases.  Azure, 
Grecian,  and  fawn  jugs,  inlaid  with  white,  traced  in  gold : 
all  by  patent  process. 


140     Conte,  — ,  454  A>»r  Oxford  Street — ^Producer. 
Specimens  of  marble  statuary. 


140a    M asset  &  Co.,  Pankhhnnon,  58  Baker  Street- 

ICanufacturer. 
Ornamental  flower-stand. 


141  Mabey,  James,  26  Paradise  Street,  Lamheih — 

Modeller. 
Model  of  a  testimonial  (in  plaster  of  Psris)  to  the 
memory  of  Henry  Handley,  Esq.,  M.P.  for  South  Lin- 
colnshire.    Erected  at  Sleaford  in  1850,  from  the  design 
of  W.  Boyle,  Ewi. 

142  Fowler,  Charles,  1  Gordon  Square — Producer. 

Model  of  St.  John's  church,  Paddington,  executed  in 
card-board  by  Thomas  Dighton,  Esq. 


143  Lewis,  David,  liaghmd — Modeller. 

The  remains  of  the  Cistercian  Abbey  of  St.  Mary,  at 
Tintem,  Monmouthshire,  founded  a.d.  1131,  and  com- 
pleted A.D.  1268.  Modelled  to  a  scale  of  J  of  an  inch  to 
1  foot.  

144  Peake,  CnARiJ»  Corbet,  5  Grosrcnor  Place, 

Oimftenrcil  Noc  Rotul,  fCmniwjton — Designer. 

Model  in  wax  of  the  "  Stophanotus**  plant,  in  flower, 
forming  an  ornament  for  a  plateau,  in  the  centre  of  which 
are  the  '*  (iraces,"  supporting  a  "water  lily;"  sur- 
roundtnl  by  figures,  in  alabaster;  the  ground  arrangc<l 
with  moRH  and  artificial  flowers. 


145    Gill,  O.,  Xeir  Bnildings,  Lwllou> — Producer. 

Model  of  the  chapel  in  Ludlow  Castle,  a  copy  of  the 
Holy  Sepulchre  at  Jerusalem. 


140      Cribb,  Thomas  James,  Kilhnm — Manufacturer. 
Working  model— landscape  to  work  by  clock-work. 


147      Cock,  H.,  fi  Bretrcr  Strctt — Manufacturer. 
Etchiug  ground.     Bordering  wax  for  etching. 
Two  figures  in  silk. 


Class  30.— SCDLPTUBE,  MODELS,  AND 
Arbab  p.  30  to  32,  O.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  A  32. 


148  PowEiJ,J„  Trealham.ffe'rcaitle-muler-Lsmt— 

Producer. 
Model  or  tht)  tiouBB  !□  wliicb  Sbskipeara  waa  bom 
Btratford-ou-Avou,  as  it  Dow  exists,  1S5I,  modo  nf  oak 
Bad  pUtatcr  of  PsrU. 

149  Wkbber,  John,  Ov-fe  Cattle— Utaoa. 
Design  for  a  tomb  in  Puibeck  atone,  OD  a  alab  of  Furbeck 

151        Weih,  John,  56  /ft/A  Street,  Ediiibarg/i— 
Maker. 
Correct  model  of  Jobn  Knox's  house,  and  pnrt  of  High 
Street,  Edinbiirgb,  principallj  of  wood,  and  paintud  eo  as 
to  re«emble  the  originii] . 


152     ArarOK,  Wiujam,  iH  Sloanf  Street,  Chctsea- 
Producer. 

Model  elcTfttioD  of  the  exterior  of  the  pariah  church  of 
8t.  Jameii,  Louth,  Lincolnshire.      Executod  by  the 
tubitor  in  Briitol  card-boonl,  with  a  pen-knife. 


153 


&  BAKTifTT,  Bridge  Street  and  i 
Street,  Tnimton — Proprietors. 
Model  of  a  cathedral,  carred  in  oak. 


'..Jam 


BeadgIlEbc,  Q.,  !3a  Qrosveaor  Street  Wnl — 
Producer, 
of  Bculpture.    Statuettes  in  Iriah  clay. 

157  BiU,  BoBKBT,  LL.D.,  Uaireriity  Miatiim,  Dublia — 
Deai^er. 
Model,  being  a  restoration  of  the  aodent  harp,  com- 
tnonlj  called  the  harp  of  Brien  Boroibme  (Brian  Bora) 
king  of  Ireland,  preaerred  in  the  Univoniity  Muaeum. 
Dublia.  Thia  restoration  is  made  in  the  hope  of  in- 
ducing artists  to  adopt  it  aa  a  model  for  emblematical 
dericea  relating  to  Ireland.  It  is  certainl;  the  oldoat 
existing  Irish  biuji;  it  is  supposed  to  have  been  figured 
on  the  coins  of  Henry  VIII.,  and  in  the  mutilated  state 


BtlVt  BWoRd  Brien  Ilaru'i  Harp. 


elaborate  oarnng 

accurately  mtorod.    Ths  preeBding  out 

158    SrEVESs,  GsoBos  HBintT,  Slafard  M 
Deoignar  and  Uann&ctqrBr. 

Pair  of  candelabra,  nuaubcturad  in  Kaa^B  M 
imitation  of  marble,  and  inlaid  with  ^aaa  a 

Specimen  in  glass  mosaic,  of  hanldio  i 
illuHtrate  the  working  of  creata,  coata  ot  hw.  Mid  ofgao' 
metrical  patterns.  'Thia  apeoimm  i«  TCHMMted  in  i' 
Plate  1»0. 

alaaa  mosaic  table-top,  on  gilt  atand.  inUd  wUi  moa 

statuary.    Marble  table-to  ~    

both  iuMd  with  mosaic. 


159  BsoDiE,  WiLUAn,  XorlA  Stnet,  JmAtmi 
Ec^ihfturs* — Peaigoer  and  PtoAvetr. 
Group  in  plaster,  "Little  Nell  aod  ba  ~ 
— See   Dickens'    "Old   C'lrioaity  Shop." 
porcelMD  or  bronie. 


160    DiCBTON,  THoiUBDramN,  9  OrMtCUtyrAnd, 
WfttTnintler — Produoer. 
Model  of  port  of  the  Becon)  Office,  in  Ute  prae—  nt 
erection,  from  the  deaigsa  of  James  PBDnMhana,  b). 


161     MoNTETioRE,  Sir  HosH,  Bait.,  Onmrntr  Bttt, 

Park  Lane — Propriator. 

Two  vaaea  carved  out  of  a  spe^«*  ^  Wl«1aliilli  ri 
Jeruaalem,  with  an  ordinary  penknifb,  bj  Kotddifaaj 
Schuitier,  an  Ismelite  of  that  dty;  bd(^  aft.  Hn.,  and 
2ft.  7 in.  respectively. 

These  vaeea  diaplay  rich  and  intrioat*  MBbmnie 
carvings,  coosiatiog  of  friiits,  flowen,  and  aotmala; 
delicately  wrought  cbaiiui,  pendant  from  tfaa  BMuthi  of 
eagles  and  lions,  and  these,  thon^  ii) * 


yet  hanging  free,   are  carved  out  of  ttw  aobd  bloc^; 
ided  eagles'  wiuga,  ingeuiouilj  da  '       -  ■     - 
medallions  with  a  view  of  tha  a 


extended 


and  the  armorial  bearinga   of  the 


n-!ike,  in  the 


pasasgaa  from  Holj  Writ,  in  Bekew, 
le  buds  of  roaea  and  othar  flo««ra. 


161a  DAT,  SiCKAUi,  1  AocUv^on  Plapt,  Nm  Knt 
AwD^Modellor. 
Arcbitectniral  models — Portico  of  tha  hlthaooD  at 
Athens,  The  Temple  Church,  Fleet  Sbvat.  PoctKn  tt  tSs 
Pantheon  at  Kome.  The  MartjiB*  Ifemorial  at  Oxford, 
a  modern  example  of  decorated  Gothic.  Chanml  aid  of 
a  churoh,  doconted  Gothic,  the  window  from  Benw 
Church,  Kent,      

162 


WiLBT,  TaoMAs,  St.  BariMnm^t 
Horpital—Maktar. 

Model  of  St.  Paul's  cathedral  in  Cardboard. 


163    Bainbmdoe,  J.,  01*//%,  Rie>m 
Producer. 

Model  of  Clumber  House,  the  countiy  seat  oT  the  Duka 
of  Newcastle,  in  white  cardboard,  scale  |  of  an  inch  to 

I  foot. 


164     OoHBlMoe,  Wh.,  Chkhfsler — Manulaotnrar. 

Architectural  models  in  paper: — 1.  (3>idMst«r  Ctom. 
3.  Monument  of  Klug  Edward  HI.    3.  St.  Paul's  Catlw- 


165  Obaikger,  Richard.  Nevatitlt-'ipQii-Tyn*  — 

Designer. 
Modela  of  proposed  Town  and  Countj  Courta,  and  of 
the  Centrsl  Exchange  Buildings,  Neweaaue-oa-'TjiM. 

166  MiDDLiTON,  Jons,  JliKuijale,  Darlingtm — 

Producer. 
Model  of  York  Mi  nster,  on  a  scale  of  ^  of  an  inch  te  a 


li 


1 


•     I 
I 


1 


KiKGDOlf.] 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  &c. 
Abeas  F.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


831 


167 


Smith,  Thomas,  jun.,  49  Eaatcheap — 
Manufacturer. 
HodeUincork : — Royal  Exchange,  London ;  Monument, 
Flah  Street  Hill,  London;   scale  l-8th  of  an  inch  to  the 
foot.  

168         HoAEE,  BLkTTHEW,  Longport,  Somerset — 

Manufacturer. 
Cork  model  of  the  Abbey  Church,  at  Bath;  scale,  1-1 8th 
of  an  inch  to  the  foot. 


169  Pulton,  Heioit,  StUlorgan,  Dublin — Designer. 
Model  of  a  temple;  height  of  capital,  one  diameter  of 

column,  the  other  proportions  generally  the  same  as  in 
the  Doric  order. 

170  Smtth,  Smallman,  F.,  Stourbridge— "Demgaer, 

Model,  in  plaster,  of  a  column,  from  a  design  for  a 
building  for  the  Qreat  Exhibition.  The  capital  is  com- 
posed of  the  letters  V.  A.,  and  the  (dume  of  feathers  of 
the  Prince  of  Wales;  the  shaft,  of  a  bundle  of  reeds;  the 
base,  of  the  rose,  thistle,  and  shamrock;  and  the  band, 
proceeding  from  the  letter  A.  of  the  capital. 


171     ToBIN,  Thomas,  BattinooUig,  near  Cork,  Ireland — 

LiTentor. 

Models,  in  ivory,  of  the  Temple  of  Neptune,  at  Pdestum, 
on  a  scale  of  1  inch  to  8  feet;  of  the  ruins  of  the  Temple 
of  Jupiter  Stator,  in  the  Forum  Romanum,  Rome,  on  a 
scale  of  1  inch  to  4  feet;  of  the  ruins  of  the  Temple  of 
Jupiter  Tonans,  in  the  Forum  Romanum,  Rome,  on  a 
scale  of  1  inch  to  4  feet;  of  Pompey's  Pillar,  near  Alex- 
andria, Egypt,  on  a  scale  of  1  inch  to  10  feet.  The  parts 
of  eadi  model  cut  out  of  the  solid  ivory  with  a  lathe. 
The  anplication  of  this  mechanical  power  to  this  parti- 
cqIat  OTaoch  of  the  art  is  claimed  as  original  by  the 
exhibitor. 

Model,  in  ivory,  of  the  colunm  of  Phocas,  in  the  Forum 
Romanum,  Rome,  on  a  scale  of  1  inch  to  4  feet. 

Bust,  in  ivory,  of  Her  Most  Gracious  Mijesty  Queen 
Victoria,  from  a  full-sised  plaster  cast,  cut  and  finished 
in  the  same  lathe. 


1 72     MerbrT,  H.  S.,  82  Fetter  Lane — ^Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Model  for  a  general  hospital. 


173     Ballt,  Wiujam,  54  King  Street,  Manchester — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Busts  in  miniature,  in  illustration  of  phrenology. 


174        Wood,  Charles,  31  Paternoster  Bote — 

Manufacturer. 
Trophy  of  war,  and  the  four  Seasons,  in  gum  paste. 


175  Babbwell,  William,  4  Great  Queen  Street, 

Westm  inster — Designer. 

Model  from  which  the  design  for  St.  George's  Hall, 
Liverpool,  was  taken. 

Model  of  a  design  for  a  church,  similar  to  that  of 
St.  Marv,  Temple. 

Model  of  the  Labourers'  friend  Society  r  cotta^. 

First  design  for  the  improvement  of  Westminster,  in 
A.  D.  1832.  

176  Swain,  T.— Producer. 

Model  of  church  and  stage  coach,  in  cardboard. 


177   Cotton,  D.,  Longvoood,  near  ITuddersfield — Producer. 
Model  of  the  Leeds  Industrial  Training  School. 


1 78    SooEXiCK,  Henrt  Charles,  Ifighgate  Lane,  Balsall 
Lane,  near  Birmingham — Manufacturer. 
Model  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  made  from  cardboard 
by  a  penknife,  and  containing  upwards  of  50,000  pieces. 


179  LiMECSE,  Charlotte,  Delganey,  Ireland — 

Producer. 
Models,  in  elder  pith,  of  Great  Cross,  Monasterboice ;  ^ 
cross  of  Muiredach,   Monasterboice;  cross  at  Clonmac- 
noise;  font  of  St.  Gregory,  Norwich;  font  in  Norman 
style.  

180  Harrison,  William — Producer. 

A  model,  in  card-board,  by  William  Smith,  of  a  house 
in  the  Tudor  style,  designed  bv  the  exhibitor.  The 
carcass,  including  windows  and  aoor-cases,  was  erected 
wholly  of  brick  and  stone,  and  was  completed  to  the 
chimney-stacks,  without  any  timber.  The  roof  and 
floors  were  framed,  and  fixed,  aftertrards,  on  stone 
corbels;  and  the  ground-floor  made  with  longitudinal 
arches  of  brick,  and  transverse  arches  of  honeycomb 
pottery.  The  upper  floors  are  formed  with  slate  and 
concrete,  each  room  being  surrounded  by  a  brick- wall. 
The  stone  staircase  was  also  built  simultaneously  with 
the  walls,  thus  rendering  the  house  nearly  fire-proof. 
This  house  is  represented  in  the  annexed  Plate. 

181  Dickenson,  James,  1  Waterloo  Place,  Com- 

mercial  Road,  Limehouae — ^Artist. 

Model  of  York  Minster  in  card-board,  executed  with  a 
penknife.     Scale  one-sixteenth  of  an  indi  to  the  foot. 

182  TiTE,  WiLLL^M,  F.  R. S.,  42  Lovcndes  Square— 

Designer. 
Model  of  the  portico  and  west  front  of  the  new  Royal 
Exchange  in  London. 

183  Wtatt,  James,  33  Dudley  Grove,  Paddington, 

and  33  Spital  Square — Sculptor. 

Model  of  Quadriga,  consisting  of  car  and  four  horses, 
with  allegorical  fibres  of  Britannia,  attended  by  Peace 
and  Industry,  continuing  her  prosperous  career.  Designed 
for  a  triumphal  arch. 

184  MiLNES,  T.,  Judd  Place  East,  Button  Square— 

Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Design  for  an  intended  monument  to  the  memory  of 
the  late  Lord  George  Bentinck.  Group  of  the  gamekeeper 
returning  from  shooting.  Models  of  a  horse  and  mare. 
Models  of  a  stag;  greyhoimd  and  hare;  lady's  pet  dog, 
cow  and  calf,  bull,  two  sheep,  and  a  fox's  head. 

185  Makepeace,  Eliza,  7  Manor  Street,  Clapham, 

Surrey — Modeller. 
Models  in  wax — the  Lilium  lancifolium  speciosum-^iTonx 
a  plant  grown  by  Mr.  Henry  Groom.  The  Gloxinia  per- 
ryana—  from  a  plant  in  the  possession  of  Sigismund  Kucker, 
Esq.,  Wandsworth,  Surre^^  The  Cymbidium  ebumeum,  and 
Phalamnpeis  amabUia — from  plants  in  the  possession  of 
Conrad  Loddiges,  Esq.,  Hackney.  The  Rhodtidendron  ntn- 
ninghami,  and  improve<l  method  of  preparing  wax  for 
modelling  flowers,  &c. 

186  Stirling,  Elizabeth,  Mrs.Pinn*n,  St.  Thomas, 

Exeter — Designer. 
Statuette  of  Waverley,  in  ivory. 

187  Watkins,  Henry,  Ne^rport,  Monmouthshire — 

Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Group  in  marble — Death  of  Llewellyn,  the  last  Piince 
of  Wales.  

188  Christie,  J.,  Canny  He,  Arbroath — Designer. 
Groups  in  burnt  clay,  characteristic  of  the  mannen?  ainl 

dress  of  the  Scottish  peaaantry : — A  merry  making.  Groun 
from  a  funeral.  A  baptism.  A  dinner  party.  A  ncbool- 
master.     The  village  well. 

189  Anderson,  William,  Onrntj/  Place,  Perth- 

Designer  and  Mo<Ioller. 
A  Highlander  throwing  the  "  putting-stone,"  standing 
on  a  pedejttal,  on  the  sides  and  ends  of  which  are  groups 
of  figures  in  relief,  further  illustrative  of  highland  gam<ts. 


[30.] 


[Official  Ii.lustratkd  Catalooue.] 


3  P 


832 


Clabs  30.— sculpture,  MODELS,  AND 
Areas  F.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


rUx.iTiD 


190  Fbanchi,  Giovanni,  J.,  15  Myddleton  Street — 

Manufacturer. 
Four  statuettes  in  imitation  of  ivory:   Henry  VIII.; 
Queen  Elizabeth;  Charles  I.;  and  William  I.     Designed 
by  Charles  Grant. 

191  BoflS,   Henrt,    15a  Douro  Place,  Kensington 

— Designer. 
Statuettes  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington  and  the  late  Sir 
Robert  Peel,  Bart. :  modelled  in  wax  for  Parian  and  metal. 


192      Daymond,  J.,  5  Regent  Place,  Westminster — 

Designer  and  Carver. 
Vase  with  flowers,  and  sculptured  flowers,  in  marble. 


193    Ritchie,  John,  92  Princes  Street,  Edinburgh — 

Designer. 
Statue  in  marble  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington. 


194  Chevebton,  Benjamin,  38  Camden  Street, 

Camden  Totcn — Inventor. 
Statuettes,  busts,  and  bas-reliefs,  in  ivory,  alabaster, 
marble,  and  metal;  carved  by  a  machine  from  originals  of 
a  larger  size.    Those  in  ivory  and  marble,  not  finished  by 
hand.  

195  Lees,  James,  ffinckleg — ^Maker. 

Model  of  the  stocking-frame  introduced  into  Hinckley, 
by  William  Iliffe,  in  the  17th  century,  which,  with  some 
improvements  of  detail,  is  still  in  use.  In  front  is  the 
workman's  seat;  opposite  him  are  the  needles,  receiving 
yam  from  bobbins;  and  on  the  minuteness  of  these 
needles  depends  the  fineness  of  the  fabric. 

The  levers  are  set  in  motion  by  treddles  moving  a 
pulley,  which,  aided  by  the  hand,  throws  the  thread  into 
such  ciurvatures  as  to  form  loops;  another  treddle  brings 
down  the  presser  bar  upon  the  hooks  of  the  needles,  during 
which  the  levers  are  brought  forward  by  the  hands,  so  as 
to  net  the  loops  previously  formed;  the  process  repeated 
forms  a  web,  and  is  designated  frame-work  knitting. 
The  cube  of  the  model  is  the  200th  part  of  the  bulk  of 
the  working  machine,  and  the  150th  of  its  weight. 


196  WokbjlLL,  CoAXLES,  20  Little  Drwnmond  Street, 

Euston  Square — ^Designer  and  Modeller. 

Specimens  of  modelling  and  casting. — Lamp,  or  can- 
delabrum pillars.  A  font.  Tomb  of  Edward  the  Black 
Prince  in  Canterbury  Cathedral.     Casts  from  nature. 

197  Palmer,  Wiujam,  144  Western  Road,  Brighten — 

Inventor. 

Revolving  table  for  modellers,  sculptors,  statuaries; 
adapted  for  supporting  busts,  statues,  and  wax  flowers,  or 
any  other  article  for  display. 

Callipers,  with  adjusting  screw,  for  reducing  or  enlarg- 
ing to  three  different  scales. 

199  Alun,  John,  26  Cannon  Street  Road  East — 

Proprietor. 
A  group  modelled  in  wax,  representing  Sir  Robert  Peel 
and  Duke  of  Wellington  on  horseback.    Designed  and 
modelled  by  Joseph  Geoi^  Bullock,  London. 

200  Wilson,  Geo.,  at  Hime  ^  Addisoris,  St.  Awn's 

Square,  Manchester — Producer. 

Cribbage-board  inlaid  with  the  nacre  of  a  species  of 
Pinna  from  the  Pacific. 

[Pinna  is  a  genus  of  bivalve  shells  allied  to  the  mussel. 
Luge  species  of  it  are  found  in  various  parts  of  the  world, 
and  one  in  the  British  Seas. — E.  F.] 


201       HiNE,  Edward,  2  Orchard  Street,  Kensington — 

Modeller. 
Model  of  a  carriage,  made  entirely  of  card-board.  Every 
part  made  to  act. 


202 


Evans,  J.  H.,  2  Kender  Street,  New  Cr 

Producer. 

Models:  St.  Maxy^s  Church,  Whitechapal;  Swim  Cot- 
tage, at  Cranham,  Gloucestershire;  from,  ao  engraving. 

203  Wright,  Charubs,  8  Torriano  Terrace,  Kentisk 

Town — Designer  and  Modeller. 
Statuette  of  a  sleeping  babe,  modelled  from  life,  and 
cast  in  composition,  to  imitate  marble. 

204  MossMAN,  Wm.,  17  Rodney  Street,  PenUmeiUe— 

Designer  and  Manufacturer. 

Perforated  note  paper,  representing  the  marriage  of 
Cupid  and  Psyche;  embossed. 

Model  of  the  building  for  the  Great  Erhibitioii,  exe- 
cuted  in  perforated  paper. 

Various  ornamental  lace  and  perforated  pif>eri. 

New  method  and  design  for  decoration  of  rooms  by 
means  of  embossed  paper  laid  on  in  small  pieces. 

Candelabra  in  brass,  made  to  take  to  pieces  and  form  a 
variety  of  shapes. 

205  ViNN,  Thomas,  6  Union  Walk,  KmgOamd  Road— 

Designer. 
Specimen  of  single  leaf  gilding,  imitation  or-molu  on 
plaster.  

206  RuRSEL,  G.,  4  Dee  Street,  Aberdeen — ^P^odnoer. 
Snow-ball  fight  at  school,  in  relief. 

208  Jordan,  C,  MandiesUr — ^Produosr. 
Specimens  of  ivory  baUs,  turned. 

208a    Foots,  Mrs.,  2  LUtU  Chapd  Street,  Wufmmtitr 

— ^Produosr. 
Specimens  of  feather  flowers. 

209  Wood,  C.  H.,  2  High  Street,  P(>ptor— Producer. 
Specimen  of  engraving  on  shell. 


210  Jacot,  H.  L.,  Coventry  Street — ^Designer. 
Egg-shells  carved  with  views  inside,  and  others  en- 
graved on. 

211  Smith,   H.  A.,   Carolina  Place,  Hampttead  Road, 

Haverstock  JTttf-— Dedgner  and  Executor. 
Gothic  ceiling  of  the  fifteenth  oentorr,  and  a  group  in 
plaster;  relief  book-cover,  designed  by  L.  Limner. 


212 


Baetens,  PAOLniE,  18  Oxendon  Street,  Sc^ftnarket-- 
Designer  and  Maau&etiiier. 

Pack  of  miniature  pUying  cards,  half  an  Ineli  ia  kogth, 
painted  by  hand  in  water  oolour,  enclosed  in  a  esae. 

Jenny  Lind  toilet  pincushion  and  xinff  stend. 

Small  work-table,  screen,  glass,  and  ehiir,  toifam  nii- 
cushions  and  needlebooks;  the  artidss  all  miidm  of  KifM 
materials.  

213      Smith,  BIart  Ann  Peixbw— DedgMr  mA 

Modeller. 
Model  of  an  English  "  Home,"  of  the  19UiuimIwj.  1W 
villa  is  completely  fiunished,  to  illnstrtits  tks  kaM  sf  s 
small  family  of  fortune,  belonsing  to  tbe  mUdk  mk; 
the  individuals  are  represented  by  wax  tfoatm  ymtpH 
from  3  to  4  inches  in  height,  partly  modelled,  pM^ff^ 
out  of  the  wax.    Designed  and  executed  by  ibtBi 


214  LuNlXBT,J.,  &  Co.,  New  Broad  Street  OmrigCHft- 

Engravers  and  Printers. 
Specimen  of  machine  engraving. 

215  Morgan,  H.  K.  G.,  H.P.,  Joknetoim  Cattle,  Wei^ 

Ireland — Proprietor. 
Model  of  Johnstown  Castle,  county  Wexford,  Irela&i 
the  seat  of  the  exhibitor.    This  mansion  covers  an  srs 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  &o. 
Arbab  F.  30  to  32,  a.  ft  H.  28  to  32,  ahd  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


of  IBS  feet  I7  133  feet,  a  built  in  the  perpendicular, 
pointed,  tnd  florid  Gothic  ityle  of  architActure,  It  wu 
orginaU;  an  Anglo-Nonniui  keep,  tnd  a  place  of  com- 
parative strength. 

216       PlOHAM,  JiMB«,  Waltimm  Crom,  Broxtoum — 
Deaigner  and  Manafacturer. 

Oothic  TIM  of  pale  red  term  cotta.     Pedestal  for  the 
nme  of  granulated  terra  cotta. 

Specimena  of  Btone-like  cement  (at  the  baain  of  the 
crystal  fouatain). 

217 


HoLDiNO,  Hr«.  Stbeli.1,  31  Momi  /'Inwonf— 
Licerpoot—DtmigDiir  and  Maker. 
Pmf  of  wax  figure",  fancy  costume ;  wax  figure  of  Her 
Maieaty,  the  draper;  and  gold  trimminga  in  wax;  groups 
of  flowen;  and  sheUa  in  was. 


218 


Seu,  Jocepb,  Wtr^ip  SIrtet,  Shortditch — 
Producer. 

Model  in  wood,  of  Croabj Hall,  BuhopBgate>bui1t  about 
I4T0,  by  ^John  Croabj,  Sheriff  of  London,  and  once 
inhabited  by  Richard  III. 

219 


■,  JtXEB  R.,  105  Upper  T/urmea  Street — 
Deaigneruid  Manufacturer. 
Model  of  a  gothic  conaervstory,  or  fem-houae ;  deaignad 
aM  an  ornamental  addition  to  a  botanic  garden. 


220  Hkhi,  John  JoiEPB,  TIplree  Hall,  near  Sekedcoi, 
Eaex — Deaisner 
WoiUng  model  of  Tiptree  Hul  farmwy,  near  Kelredon, 
•xhibiting  tho  new  prineii^  of  kee;Hng  and  feeding  ani- 
mala  on  open-boarded  floon ;  tbu>  diapeuiiog  with  the 
nae  of  atiaw  for  bedding,  and  Betting  it  free  for  feeding 
niTDoaaa.  It  also  ahowa  the  economical  application  of 
n-power  to  thittshing,  grinding,  ohaff-cuttiag,  dreu- 


2  Fetter  Lane,  London.    The  machinery  of  the  model 


221       CiPLiN,  J.  H.  I.,  Stramberry  HiH,  Pendleton, 
Mimdieiter — Designer  and  Eliecutor, 
Topographical  oil  painting: — Bird's-eye  view  of  the  gulf 
of  Napfea.     An  illustrative  eipreadon  of  the  laws  bj 
which  the  surface  of  the  earth  assv l^  _...__  r 


222  Clutobo,  WiujiM,  Exelw — Proprietor. 
Models  of  the  west  &ont  of  Exeter  Catbedral,  made  of 

the  pith  of  the  common  fpeen  rudi,  used  in  making  rush- 
lights; of  the  Bishop's  throne  in  Exeter  Cathedral ;  and 
of  Chineae  pagodas. 

223  Gdbhlow,  Obobqe,  34  Seaman  Strett,  Oxford 

Street — Inventor. 

Composition  table,  imitation  of  bronae,  steel,  and  gold. 

Plaster  caste — Diana,  Flora,  Warrior,  Bull,  Greyhound, 
Dancing  Figure,  Lions,  and  relievo,  some  of  which  are 
partly  m  imitation  of  bronce,  steel,  Florentine  and 
antique  bipuze,  and  antique  copper  coloured  like  bronze. 
The  invention  is  useful  in  preserving  and  hardening  the 
sur&cB  of  plaster.  Plaster  casts  of  Portland  vase  and 
Nero  cup,  frosted  silver;   these  will  remain  untarnished 


of  old  silver]  frog,  silver  on  bronse  leaf. 

224  MoNTAHAU,  Napoleon,  29  Upper  CAarhtte  Street, 
Fiiiroi/  Si/uart — Modeller. 
Collection  of  figures,  illustrating  the  diObrent  character! 
of  Mexican  town  and  savage  life,  with  their  varied  cot- 
tumes  and  attributes.  Twelve  cdvilised  Indians  of  Hexico 
and  its  environs,  laden  with  produce  and  manufacture*. 
'IVelve  savage  Indians,  male  and  fomale,  called  Mtcet, 
inhabitants  of  the  interior  of  Hexioo.  A  gmnp  of  theae 
figures  is  ropraacnted  in  the  foUowing  cut. 


Clam  30.— SCUL1>TUEE,  MODELS,  AND 
Abras  F.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  ft  3! 


Four  black«  at  different  a 


Court-yard  in 


Mexico;  a  wealthy  &nner  tnd  hie  lady  preparmg 

on  tlie  same  horw,  the  groom  holdiii^  the  reim.  Two 
groups ;  one  repraenting  the  RamAero  <la  laao,  and  the 
other  the  Caporal  ooieariio.  The  Fandanffo,  a  natioiul 
dance,  a  group  of  three  figures.  Symbolical  figure  of 
Mexico.      Group  of  three  Mexican  figures. 

North  American  Indian  preparing  to  scalp  a  whit« 
traveller.  Anatomical  ap^nifln,  portraying  the  laat  hour 
of  life  in  coniumption  (&0m  nature). 

Two  Btatuett^  of  Oac«o1a,  the  celebrated  Seminole 
chief  of  Florida,  who  died  in  captivity  at  Fort  Moultrie, 
Cbarleaton.  One  of  these  atatuettea  is  repreaented  in 
the  following  cut. 


Indian  carrying  away  i 


225   PlTKJLEi,  FkedebIC  John,  Conaiger  Cottage,  Torre, 
Teignmotith  Sd.,  near  Torquay — Proprietor. 
A  plateau,  in  Florentine  marble,  of  itatue*,  monu- 
mental trophies,  implsm^ntB,  ftc.,  repi«>enting   "The 
fall  of  Troy,  and  the  Greeks  celebrating  their  victory ." 


226  BiNOLXT,  H.,  m  JCgtaington  Place,  HolyvtU  Street, 
Wcstmiaittr — Designer  and  Miuiufibeturer. 

Circular  enamelled  slate  table;  decorated  in  the  Etrus- 
can Btyle.  Oblong  table  ;  antique  carved  oak  stand,  ens- 
malted  top;  after  the  Etruscan  decorations. 

Panel  containing  imitatioDs  of  marbles  in  enamelled 
slato  ;  Cor  chinmey-piecea,  pilastem,  paoela,  and  table 
topa,  I>anel  coDtainiog  specimens  of  colours  in  enamelled 
slate;  for  casing  the  mXis  of  Libraries,  halls,  dairies,  &c. 


227       CitADDon,  Tbonas,  TTMtcA— Producer. 

View  of  Peterborough  Cathedral  from  the  east;  the 
west  front  from  market  place.  Oatea  entering  the  PrS' 
cinctB,  Peterborough.  Porch  entrance  to  Peterborough 
Cathedral.  Mid-gate-etreet,  Peterborough.  New  iron 
bridge  of  the  Great  Northern  Hailway,  and  wooden 
bridge  over  the  Nare,  Peterlxirough, 


S28     CALVm',  W.,  43  CUrlim, 
Omametltal  engraved  anc  pi 


228a  Bolnah,  Jobn,  K^to,  Boxburgiali 

Model  of  a  farm  itaading,  erected  at  Work, 
county  of  Northumberland,  in  the  year  lg50,  on  a  aoale 
of  one-eighth  of  on  inch  to  the  foot;  with  nuDOTabla  root 
te  show  the  interior  arrangements. 

The  homestead  feeds  100  cattle  at  a  time,  and  hi> 
aeconunodatioii  for  young  cattle.  The  stable  ia  fitted  np 
for  24  work-horses.  The  prindpol  granary  ia  130  feet  1^ 
IS  feet,  which,  with  the  other  granaries,  ia  sufficient  ia 
store  one-sixth  port  of  the  artyp.  The  cart  shed  is 
75  feet  by  18  feet.  The  homestead  and  atwikyanl  stood 
on  upwarda  of  3}  acres. 


229  CrIchTON.  QsORas,  Sortk  Bridge,  EiSnbmgi— 
Detdgner  and  HannfitMorer. 
Specimens  of  Scotch  pebble  mosaic  work;  an  inkatand, 
penholder,  pencil-case,  paper-knife,  dsak-aeal,  aad  pvo" 
weight,  mounted  in  One  gold,  and  compoaed  of  ncAiUsi, 
jaspers,  pearls,  and  other  Scotch  gen«,  sbowing  ttw  sMat 
difficult  forms  of  cutting  of  which  these  atonea  an  ttfthU, 
and  infill  Hi  TIP  all  the  most  nrs  spedmoM  hUbarto 
discorcred.  The  pearls  are  from  the  T>y;  the  gjecaa  frMB 
Cairngorm  Hill;  the  jaspen  from  Arthur's  Seat,  KimMol 
Hill,  Montrose,  the  OchiU  Hills,  and  other  distrieCa  <it 


Scotland. 

[Joaper,  a  hard  quarts  st 


leofgi 


ymmmtJ 


varieties,  and  taking  a  fine  polish,  ia  much  priaad  h^ 
workers  of  moooia  in  "pietre  dure."  Tho  Italina,  wbt 
chiefly  practiaa  this  art,  have  hitharto  WM^tt  ttrir 
Buppliea  in  Kcily.  In  the  prsaeot  inrtaaee  tha  JaapMi 
hate  been  derived  from  a  source  In  our  own  eoimtijr.] 

Work-box,  composed  of  the  nme  stonia,  in  ntm 
mountings,  gilt;  the  cairngorm  on  tha  tc^>  ia  lai^  h* 
^m  flaw*,  and  of  excellent  oolonr. 

Two  bnceleta,  oompoeed  of  Sootd  pebfalaa  and  gMOi, 
in  gold  mounting.  Highland  brooch,  oompoaed  oif  Seotdl 
gems  in  gold  mounting,  with  nsw  method  of  wiiiiiiiiig 
the  pin. 

Specimens  of  enamelling,  MipUcable  to  artiolaa  of  om 
and  ornament :  diver  claret  Juk  with  enanaallod  aroO 
ornaments.  The  manner  in  which  tha  enama]  ia  pot  ca 
securee  its  durability. 

Chatelaines  of  silver  aerotls,  ornamented  with  anaBslct 
various  colours ;  theapplieationaf  enamel  toaQftrarliabi 
of  this  description  is  new. 

"  Albert "  shoulder-brooch  for  Highland  platd. 

230   RoNELL,  Samdh,  3  Darnky  Ttmee,  aintimud 
Inventor. 
Specimen,  from  a  print  of  a  line  engravinK  •  bt^amil* 
on  steel,  from  which  an  indefinita  nun^sr  of  fina  ia- 
preasions  may  be  printed. 

230a  Down,  HENanrrA,  39  Upper  CAarbtU  SIrtt, 
Fittroy  Squ/w — Inventor  and  Deaignar. 
Illuminated  and  emblaaoned  coat  of  arma  and  berdir 
on  vellum  by  anenth^y  newpioceeaof  paintiDgingaM. 
silver,  and  colours,  with  raised  work,  pacnliariy  adi^tid 
to  armorial  bearinge,  illuminated  manosoipta,  Ac 

231 


23Ia  HcaFBXSTH,  JOHEFH,  13  Homrd  Btntt,  Strtmd— 
Inventor  and  Mannfactur«r. 
Portable  metallic  transparent  letters,  affixed  on  ^ia> 
for  door-platea,  stall-boards,  and  s' 
be  transposed  and  re-arrai^^  i 
Bur&oe  of  the  glass. 

232  RocHXAD,  J.  T.,  OliUTow— Desigiter. 

Model  of  the  royal  arch  at  Dundee,  arectad  to  cob- 
memorate  Her  Mqeaty's  landing  them  In   1S44.    Ha 


KlNtiDOM.] 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  &c. 
Areas  P.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


835 


design  is  firom  the  Anglo-Saxon  era  of  architecture;  main 
towvr  84  feet;  width  of  structare  across  the  arches, 
82  feet.  

232a      Whibhaw,  F.,  1  St,  John  Street,  Adelphi— 

Producer. 
Ifi^  of  London. 

233  Qbkbn,  J.,  109  Great  Portland  Street,  Cawndish 

Square — Designer  and  Engraver. 

Laige  nulitaiy  trophy  engraved  on  a  zinc  plate,  5  feet 
7  inches  long,  by  2  feet  4  inches  wide,  with  bronze 
frame.  

234  Ethkbington,  H.,  2  West  Street,  Pimlko— 

Inventor 
Two  enamelled  table-tops,  in  Imitation  of  glass  mosaic 
work.  

235  Aldrkd,  Stephen,  38  Fetter  Lane — Sculptor. 
The  Shakspeare  Jubilee  ;  each  group  of  figures  repre- 
sents one  of  the  principal  scenes  in  the  plays  of  the 
immortal  bard.     Produced  during  the  leisure  hours  of  a 

printer. 


235a    Thomas,  J.,  9  Old  Church  Street,  Paddingtonr- 

Producer. 

Design  for  Preston  Hall,  modelled  by  T.  Dighton. 


236    Thomson,  James,  57  Devonshire  Street,  Portland 

Place — Producer. 
Design  for  a  colossal  time-piece,  adapted  for  silver  or 
bronae  manufacture,  and  intended  to  illustrate  the  issues 
of  the  Divine  economy  from  the  creation  to  the  apocalypse, 
by  figures  derived  chiefly  from  the  works  of  Michael 
juigelo,  and  other  masters  of  the  16th  century. 


237    Haslem,  John,  I  Wilton  Place,  Portland  Terrace, 
Rcijent's  Park — Producer. 

Frame,  containing  enamel  paintings  on  gold. — 1.  The 
Queen  in  her  bridal  dress;  '2.  The  Prince  of  Wales;  3. 
Prince  Alfred,  after  F.  Winterhalter ;  4.  Princess  Feodore 
of  Leiningen,  after  Steward ;  5.  Late  Dowager  Duchess 
of  Saxe  Gotha  and  Altenburg — these  five  from  the 
collection  of  H.R.H.  IVince  An>ert.  6.  Princess  Join- 
ville,  after  F.  Winterhalter ;  7.  His  Grace  the  Duke  of 
Bedford ;  8.  Her  Grace  the  Duchess  of  Bedford,  aft^r  Cat- 
terson  Smith ;  9.  the  Mjuxjuis  of  Tavistock,  after  F.  Stone ; 
10.  The  late  Countess  of  Harrington,  after  Cosway,  from 
the  collection  at  Wobum  Abbey;  11.  Dr.  Lyon  Playfair. 

Three  enamels  on  porcelain. — The  Good  Shepherd,  after 
Hurillo  ;  the  infant  Samuel,  after  Reynolds;  and  Sibilla 
Eritrea,  after  Domcnichiuo. 

[Gold,  of  the  standard  quality,  is  tht^  bi'st  metal  to  ena- 
mel on,  as  it  imparts  something  of  its  own  glow  to  the 
ground,  and  assists  materially  the  richness  and  delicacy 
of  the  colouring,  particuhyly  in  the  flesh  tints.  Copper 
gives  a  cold  greenish  hue  to  the  enamel  ground,  but  it  is 
more  commonly  used  than  gold  on  account  of  its  cheap- 
ness. For  large  enamels  it  is  necessary  to  use  copper  as 
they  require  a  heat  which  would  melt  plates  of  gold.] 


238         Rone,  Henry  Pikrcr,  '22  Percy  Street — 

Producer. 
Enamel  painting  on  Rold. — Limdscape  aft^r  Mola;  and 
Hater  Dolort)sa  after  Guido,  in  tlie  colleotiim  of  Joseph 
Neeld,  Ksq.,  M.P.  Francos,  Msu'chionoss  of  (,'am<len,  after 
Reynolds,  and  F'rank  Hids,  from  the  original,  by  himself, 
in  the  collection  of  Karl  Spencer,  K.G.  Peter  the  (Jreat 
of  Russia,  fnuu  the  portrait  by  Kneller,  the  background 
by  Vaudervehle,  in  the  collt»ction  of  Her  Majesty.  Judas 
betraying  Christ,  afti-r  (Juido,  in  the  collection  of  VjitI 
Daruley.  Corin  and  Phile<la,  ori^j^inal.  Infant  Savi<>ur, 
after  Murillo,  in  the  collection  of  Joseph  Neeld,  K.s<|., 
MP. 


239  Chabot,  Charles,  9  a.  Skinner  Street,  Snow 

Hill — Designer  and  Engraver. 
Specimens  of  transfer  zincography,  and  medallion  en- 
graving; and  of  sculpture  engraving,  produced  from  the 
object  in  perspective  by  a  patent  engraving  machine. 

240  Laing,  John,  Calton  Hill,  Edinburgh — Designer 

and  Manufacturer. 
Glass  chess  or  draught  board. 

241  Essex,  Wm.,  3  Omaburgh  Street,  Regenfs  Park 

— Painter  in  Enamel. 
Enamel  Paintings  frt)m  Her  Majesty's  Collection. 

1.  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert:  from,  a  miniature  by  Sir  W. 
C.  Ross. 

2.  The  late  Queen  of  the  Belgians:  from  a  miniature 
by  Sh-  W.  C.  Ross. 

3.  H.R.H.  the  Duchesse  de  Nemours :  from  a  minia- 
ture by  Sir  W.  C.  Ross. 

4.  Ernest  I.,  Duke  of  Saxe-Coburg  and  Gotha;  father 
to  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert:  from  a  picture  by  Schmiedt. 

From  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert's  Collection. 

5.  The  Queen:  from  a  miniature  by  Sir.  W.  C.  Ross. 

6.  The  Queen:  from  a  picture  by  F.  Winterhalter. 

7.  Leopold,  King  of  the  Belgians:  from  a  miniature  by 
Sir.  W.  C.  Ross. 

8.  Ernest  II.,  Duke  of  Saxe-Cobuig  and  Gotha;  bro- 
ther to  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert:  from  a  miniature  by  Sir 
W.  C.  Ross. 

9.  Prince  Frederick  Josias,  of  Saxe-Coburg  Saalfeld, 
Commander-in-Chief  of  Allied  Forces  in  the  Netherlands, 
in  1792:  from  a  picture  by  Jagomann. 

10.  Mary  Queen  of  Scots. 

11.  Henry  VII. :  from  a  picture  by  Holbein. 

12.  Henry  VIIL :  from  a  picture  by  Holbein. 

13.  Edwu*d  VI. :  from  a  picture  by  Holbein. 

14.  Queen  Elizabeth,  when  16  years  of  age:  from  a 
picture  by  Holbein. 

15.  Queen  Elizabeth:  from  the  original  by  Zucchero. 

16.  Albert,  Prince  of  Wales,  when  16  months  old: 
from  a  miniature  by  Sir  W.  C.  Ross. 

17.  H.R.H.  the  Princess  Royal:  from  a  miniature  by 
Sir  W.  C.  Ross. 

18.  H.R.H.  Princess  Helena:  from  a  picture  by  Win- 
terhalter. 

Enamel  portrait  of  Lord  Byron :  from  the  original  by 
S.  Phillii>8,  R.A. 

Enamel  portraits  of  Sir  Walter  Scott  and  Thos.  Moore, 
Eh<i.  :  from  the  originals  by  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence, 

Enamel  of  the  Little  Strawberry  Girl:  from  the  ori- 
ginal by  Sir  J.  Reynolds. 

Enamel  portraits:  Napdeon.  by  S.  Phillips,  R.A.;  and 
the  Duchess  of  Noilhuniberlimd,  by  Sir  T.  Lawrence. 

The  last  three  are  from  the  collection  of  the  Duke  of 
Northumberland. 

Enamel  jM)rtrait  of  Milton,  when  20  years  of  age :  from 
the  original  by  Cornelius  Jansen,  in  1»>72. 

Sir  I)avid  Wilkie:  from  the  original  by  S.  Philli]*, 
Es<i.,  R.A. 

John  Gasper  GeMirtius,  a  Belgian  philologist,  bom  at 
Antwerp,  in  IfiOii:  Vandyke — in  the  National  Gallery. 

I^y  Nugent:  from  the  original  by  Sir  Thomas  Law- 
rence. 

Enamel  of  the  Infant  Saviour:  from  the  original  by 
Murillo,  in  the  National  Gallery. 

Enamel  jMirtraits  r)f  the  late  Duke  of  Gonlon:  (G.  San- 
ders) ;  and  the  Duchess  of  G<»nl(m.  Both  fi-om  the  col- 
lection of  the  Dnkrt  of  Uichniond. 

Marshal  IWrt«fonl:  by  (i.  Siuidors;  and  Viscountess 
Ik*resford:  by  Sir  Thomas  I>awreuce.  Both  from  tho 
Collection  of  H.  S.  Hoi>e,  Vjr(\. 

The  Duke  of  Wellinjrton:  by  Sir  Thomas  LawTeuce. 
From  the  collectitm  of  the  Miu-chioncHS  of  Duuro. 

Nap<deon :  from  the  original  miniature  by  Duchesne. 
From  the  collecti«>n  of  Lonl  Overstono. 

Oliver  Cromwell:  from  the  ori^nnal  miniature  by  S. 
Cooper,  in  the  Britiuh  Museum.  From  the  collecti«»n  of 
Lord  Overstone. 


836 


Class  30.— SCULPTURE,  MODELS,  AND 
Arbas  F.  30  TO  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


TUkitbd 


Lord  Nelson:  from  the  original  by  Abbot. 

Shakspeare:  after  the  Chandos  picture  by  Burbage. 

The  Hon.  Charlee  William  Lambton,  eldest  son  of 
Earl  Durham:  by  Sir  T.  Lawrence.  From  the  Countess 
Elgin's  collection* 

An  enamel  of  Sancho  Panza  in  the  days  of  his  youth : 
the  original  by  Sir  David  Wilkie,  R.A.  From  the  collec- 
tion of  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch. 

An  enamel  of  "  Ecce  Homo  1"  from  the  picture  by  Quido, 

An  enamel  of  the  Dog  and  Fox;  the  first  animals 
brought  from  the  Arctic  Regions,  by  Capt.  Robs. 

[A  highly-finished  enamel  is  passed  through  the  fire  a 
number' of  times  in  the  process  of  painting,  otherwise  it 
would  be  impossible  to  imitate  any  great  delicacy  of  tint, 
as  the  colours  are  considerably  changed  by  burning.  As 
the  plates  are  every  time  subjected  to  a  bright  red  heat, 
it  is  obvious  that  enamels  must  be  the  most  durable  of 
all  kinds  of  paintings. — J.  H.] 


242  Carrick,  Thomas,  10  Montague  Street^  Fortman 

Square — Inventor  and  Painter. 
Specimens  illustrative  of  the  application  of  white  marble 
as  a  material  for  miniature  painting;  durable,  and  little 
affected  by  light  or  atmospheric  influences.  The  frame 
designed  and  manufactured  by  Henry  Vine,  of  Albion 
Place,  Little  Chelsea. 

[This  material,  not  affordii^  food  for  the  development 

of  fungi,  is  not  affected  by  mildew,  neither  is  its  texture 

altered  by  variations  of  temperature.] 

243  Db  Lasul,  David,  3  Alfred  Place,  Bedford  Square— 

Designer  and  Inventor. 
Illuminated  design  on  vellum,  in  colours  and  gold,  32 
inches  in  diameter;  designed  in  the  style  of  the  middle 
ages,  forming  a  chess-table  in  the  centre,  surroimded  by 
arabesque  borderings,  grouped  with  flowers,  enclosing  four 
pictorial  illustrations  relative  to  the  game  of  chess,  viz., 
"the  first  move,"  "check,"  "  mate,"  and  "stale  mate." 

244  Harris,  John,  40  Sidmouth  Street^  Regent's  Square — 

Producer. 

Imitative  art  in  ancient  typography. — Specimens  of 
block  printing  before  the  use  of  moveable  tvpes ;  Chaucer, 
by  Caxton,  1st  and  2nd  editions  ;  Katherme  of  Sienna, 
printed  by  Caxton;  Polychronicon,  and  Promptuarium 
Parvulorum,  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde;  English  chronicle,  by 
Pynson. 

Fac-simile  title  pages  of  Coverdale's  Bible,  1535  ; 
Tyndale's  Testament,  2  editions  ;  Tyndale's  Pentateuch; 
and  various  books  of  the  lt>th  century. 

Specimens  of  imitative  art  in  illuminated  painting. — 
An  elaborate  painting  on  vellum,  the  border  entirely  of 
gold,  from  an  Italian  master  of  the  16th  century.  Small 
specimens  of  Holbein's  Dance  of  Death,  finished  in 
opaque  colour. 

By  this  method  the  exhibitor  states  that  accurate  spe- 
cimens of  early  typography  and  fiEu:-similes  of  illuminations 
can  be  supplied.   

245  Gear,  John  Wm.,  5  Cfmrlotte  Street^  Fitzroy  Square 

— Inventor  and  Artist. 
Specimens  of  a  composition  to  supersede  ivory,  for 
large  water-colour  paintings,  which  can  be  manufactured 
of  any  required  dimensions,  and  used  for  the  same  pur- 
poses as  ivory.  The  colours  are  described  by  the  exhibitor 
as  holding  with  tenacity,  improving  by  age,  and  not  fading 
as  on  ivory.     Illustrated  by  two  paintings. 

246  Chesters,  Stephen,  1  Bhmfield  Road,  Maida  Hill 

— Producer. 
The  Holy  Family — a  specimen  of  enamel  painting  on 
porcelain,  after  the  original  picture  in  the  National  Gal- 
lery, by  Murillo. 

[The  colours  used  for  painting  on  china  are  chiefly 
metallic,  and  only  differ  from  those  used  for  enamels  on 
metal  in  having  a  greater  proportion  of  flux,  rendering 
them  more  fusible. — J.  H.] 


247        Gould,  J.,  20  Broad  Street,  CMdenSqwa^^ 

Inventor. 

A  new  mode  of  representing  the  luminous  and  metillie 
colouring  of  the  TrwJiilidcp,  or  hnmininy  birdi. 

The  effect  is  produced  by  a  combination  of  tnnraarent 
oil  and  varnish  colours  over  pure  leaf  gold,  laid  apoo 
paper  prepared  for  the  purpose. 


248      Cox,  Gborqe  James,  Royal  PolutecHmie  ItutUvtio 

Inventor. 

An  improved  method  of  timoafenring  copiae  of  delioito 
copper  and  steel-plate  engra^ngs  to  the  lurfiMe  of  litho- 
gaphic  stone.  One  copy  taken  from  the  steel  or  copper 
plate,  after  being  transferred  to  the  ttaoe,  iscaptblt 
of  producing  3,000  prints.    Stones  exhibiting  specimeu. 


249  Bell,  W.  Charles,  44  Dean  Street^  Soho  Sqmrt— 

iSroducer. 
Enamel  painting  on  copper,  "  E!ooe  Homo,"  after  Gar- 
reggio. 

[The  art  of  enamelling  is  of  great  antiquity;  indeed,  it  ii 
impossible  to  say  in  what  country  it  was  first  diaoovered. 
It  was  doubtless  practised  in  £gypt,  specimens  being 
found  with  mummies  in  that  country.  It  was  alto  culti- 
vated in  China,  Greece,  and  Italy.  The  enamellcn  of 
Limoges  were  famous  in  the  twdfth  oentoiy,  and  pro- 
bably attained  their  greatest  excellence  in  the  aixteenth, 
under  the  patronage  of  Francis  I.  -  In  modem  times,  the 
art  has  been  successfully  practised  in  most  ooontries  in 
Europe,  particularly  by  the  Venetiaiis  and  Genosse.— 
J.  H.]  

250  Newton,  Sir  Wm.  J.,  6  Argyle  Street-— ^Bndneer. 
Pictures   painted  on  ivory,  joined  together  hj  the 

artist  by  a  process  of  his  own  invention. 

1.  The  Homage,  containing  the  portraits  of— 
Her  Majesty. 

The  late  Duke  of  Sussex;   the  late  Duke  of  Gun- 
bridge. 
The  Duchess  of  Sutherland. 
The  Coimtess  of  Gainsborough. 
The  Bishop  of  London. 
The  Idarquis  of  Conyngham. 
The  Duke  of  Richmond. 
The  late  Lord  Melbourne. 
Viscount  Palmeraton. 
The  Duke  of  Wellington. 

2.  The  marriage  of  Her  Majesty  and  Prince  AlbMl 
Containing  the  portraits  of — 

The  late  Queen  Adelaide. 

The  late  Duke  of  Cambridge. 

The  Duchess  of  Kent. 

The  late  Duke  of  Sussex. 

Lady  Adelaide  Paget. 

Lady  Caroline  Lennox  Gordon. 

The  late  Archbishop  of  York. 

The  late  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 

The  Bishop  of  London. 

The  late  Duke  of  Saxe  Cobouig. 

The  Duchess  of  Cambridge. 

The  Duke  of  Cambridge. 

3.  The    christening  of  the  Prince  of  Wales    in  St 
George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  containing  the  portndts  of— 

Her  Majesty  and  IVinoe  Albert. 
The  late  Duke  of  Sussex. 
The  Duke  of  Cambridge. 
Prince  Edward  of  Saxe  Weimar. 
The  late  Bishop  of  Norwich. 
The  late  Archbishop  of  York. 
The  late  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 
The  late  Dean  of  W  indsor. 
The  Bishop  of  London. 
The  King  of  Prussia. 
The  late  Duke  of  Cambridge,  and 
The  Duchess  of  Kent. 


KnoDOM.] 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICa,  ENAMEI5,  &c. 
Abbas  F.  30  i«  32,  G.  &  U.  28  to  32,  «kd  I.  Sc  J.  28,  29,  Sc  32. 


251  Nkmoi*  M*ht  ABM,  7  S(.  Michaeti  Tm-aee, 

Pimtico — luientor  uid  Demg;iier. 
Imitation  otc«m«w;  new  mode  of  ptwlucing  likenenea, 
with  purlnitB  in  illartration. 

252  LAKOCia,  Hums,  65  0:tfor<I  Street— Vetigaer  and 

Produoor. 
Three  Daguorretttypea :  a  coniposition^"  Thu  lijth;" 
K  ml^eet— "Tbe  eveoiog  otari"   Doguerrootype  at  up- 
|iUad  to  aeulpture. 

353      Dtw,  EsocH,  tUjh  Stmt,  Worcester— Deeigaer. 

Specunene  of  eoamelliDg  iipDD  porcelain  platea.  ScmiaB 
rrom8balo^)e«re'»"IUchMdlbe8eoond."  " Boyal ann*." 
•' Tilting." 

254     VoiOTLAHDEK,  EvANB,  &  Co.,  3  Lottmbii  Terrace, 
ffn  u/A(j4r«tf< — Proprietor* . 
DigneiTsatTpe  portnuta  b;  aa  improved  inetantaneoui 
process.    ArUst.  E.  T.  I^clering. 


255    TmwmH,   8.,    a.«r*fon  AjuJ,  Xottiaj   Hill— 
Inventor. 
Printing  on  gUia  for  oraamental    ptirpoaeg,   auch    ni 
^Uiing  consemiliiriea,   vindows,    &c. ;  nnd  for  philoso- 
Jihical  purpooei,  luoh  as  dissolving  vieH-g,  &c. 


256         PWHO,  Dr.  JjiHBsH.,   ircrtoR-j^r-.tfdrw— 
Inventor  and  Elesignor. 

A  apacliDini  of  omsmeDtal  engraving  on  a  piste  of  hai- 
dansd  polished  steel,  effected  by  means  of  voltuc  elec- 
tricity, Spedmeiu  of  steel  plates,  iszor  and  knira  blades, 
•t«el  broodira,  Stc.,  in  illuBtrstion  of  the  mathod. 

[This  method  of  ornamenting  is  effected  soUljby  means 
of  the  electro-msgnetio  sgency ,  vithout  the  intervention 
of  an;  fluid  medium,  or  the  eniploTmeat  of  any  acid  on 
the  object  to  be  engraved.  A  steel  plnte,  aword  binde, 
raior,  or  other  object  to  be  cngn^ved,  is  attuched  by 
mouu  of  a  irtre  to  one  extremity  of  an  electro- magnetic 
■muiKement,  whilst  another  wire,  coming  from  the  other 
•Ktrcmity,  serves  the  purpose  of  the  etching  or  graving 
tool.  The  graving  wire  may  be  regarded  as  a  pen, 
cbsjged,  however,  with  the  electric  fluid  in  place  of  ink. 
One  of  the  advantages  of  this  new  application  of  the 
•lectriu  power  is,  the  eilrcnm  whiteness  of  the  mark 
produced,  as  compared  with  the  dark  surface  of  the  pa- 
liahed  steel.  Thia  is  more  coiiKpicuous  in  the  embellinh- 
meot  of  any  finished  article,  a«  a  sword-blade,  knife,  Sic. 
During  this  prucBM,  which  may  be  tssily  tried  by  any 
one.  the  e1i:K;trica]  Kintillations  jiroduced  b;  the  combi- 
uatiun  of  the  steel  are  very  buuutiful.] 


257    Bibs,  Oscab,  3  .Vim«k.«M  H<w,.i,  W.sibuarac 
— Dtwifcncr  and  Artist. 
Oniamantat  fnuiicwork  in  ork. 


2J8      BbemsEb,  James,  .r-mw  r„f„-i,  L'dinb-uyh  — 
l>e»if,Tier  and  Chiwor. 
Specimens  of  silver  i-nibowMsl  chasing  in  Iirnildic  and 
srther  styles  of  ornament,  intended  chiefly  to  be  used  for 

Highland  onmnieiits  and  hnmais  mountings,  4c,; 
lUni-e  Albert's  coat  of  arms,  crest  and  mottoes;  crest*  ..f 
Duke  of  BuccleUL-h,  Maniiiin  nf  Bute,  Knrl  of  Ab.'nli.i'n 
Evl  of  Dreaitalfaano.  l-^orl  of  Dalliousic,  Knrl  of  Wemvu' 
Mid  Viscount  Pslruemton.  Utlier  ci«ts  of  arras,  crwts! 
and  iDottiies,  Dwign  for  t.ipof  a  presentation  smiiflMii- 
for  a  Higliland  liolt-plnto  Bilh  creat;  for  a  book-clasnan.i 
comersi  and  fur  a  uiijiiaturv  fmrac. 


2tiO        Tbo,  Dr.  Da-viel,  Aihb'H-lon,  DeamAirt — 
Proprietor. 
Specimen  of  oil  painting  on  white  velvet,  in  which  tha 
velvet  retains  its  elasticity  and  softneaa,  and  can  be  waahrd 
or  brushed,   without  injury  to  the  paintitig   or   fahricj 
Adapted  for  chair-coven,  and  general  deoonition. 

2I}\     Qabdib,  Louis,  59  Weslboanus  Oreen,  JIade  F>ir\ 
0  ardmt — Sculptor. 
Bronze  bust  of  Sir  Robert  Peel  and  the  Harquis  da  1* 
Roche  Jacquelin,  modelled,  cast,   chased,   and  fioiahad 
solely  by  the  exhibitor. 

262        BaTSFOBD,  James,  23  Stafard  Place  Sana, 
PiitJiixi — Sculptor, 
The  kestrel  hnwk  (Faica  limmcalis)  and  butcher  bin! 
(L:mi-a),  represented  on  a  hank  of  earth,  from  which  ii 
springing  the  coltsfoot  plant  CI\i>nYai;o  Fai^ara);  executed 
from  a  single  hlodc  of  Umetree. 


263   Stavelet,  Thomas  K.,  Esq.,  late  Koyal  Elngineeni, 

Old  Sleniitgford,  K.>«— Painter. 
Carte  relief  map  of  Lina,  Upper  Austria,  showing  the  eU' 
trenched  camp  of  Maiimilinn  Towers  and  the  surrounding 
country.     Designed  by  Tbomss  Firth. 


26'1     Bhown,  Georoe,  25  X'-vmaH Street,  Ojrfurd Sti-eit 
— Designer  and  ManuEwturer. 
Figure  caudelabra,  on  a  dolphin  tripod  stand,  for  th« 
drawing-room;  the  ornamental  parts  of  wood  and  compo- 
sition, tLe  figures  and  dolphins  of  Carton -pierre;   thd 
whole  in  imitation  of  or-molu. 


:(/,  Munchesl^^r 


2(55  PIIU.4S,  R.  P.,  65  ni.jh-r  Tcmpis  & 

Designs  for  polychromatic  decorations,  after  the  man- 
ner of  the  middle  ages;  showing  the  effect  of  the  appli- 


2tiC      UoBCAS.  E.,  St.  Helen-!, 

Topogmphical  model  of  Tynemouth  Castle,  re 
at  one  view  sections  and  elevations. 

Model  of  Tintem  Abbey,  in  which  sawdust  is  used  t 


207    Place,  Oeoboe  Oobdov,  Xutlina>i4im — Producer. 

Drawings,  illustrnting  "the  art  of  Church  Building"  in 
the  United  Kingfloui. 


2G8    Beksett,  Edwahd,  C.E.,  10  Gre.it  CMfje  Street, 
\\\»t  Hii.iaf^r— Architect . 

Denign  for  a  Nationnl  Monument  \j>  His  Royal  High- 
ness Prince  Albert,  The  design  is  square  on  plan.  On 
the  four  silica  of  the  clevulion  above,  are  four  lai^e 
bmuze  panel  CAHtingn  iu  relief,  to  commemorate  th« 
ludustrinl  Exhibition  of  18^1,  and  chief  events  connected 
therenith.  as  follows: — 

l»t.  The  exterior  of  the  Induitrial  Eihibilion  of  IM.'il. 
2nd.  The  interior  view  of  the  same,  :!rd.  The  Grand 
0|>eiiing  to  all  Natiims.  4th.  The  Distribution  of  thi> 
Pri««  to  its  Eihibitora, 

These  four  csstiugs  in  bronw  are  intended  to  Ih'  twice 
the  v\iD  of  similar  ones  on  tlis  base  of  the  Kelson  (.'olunin 
at  Trafalgar  Spiare,  and  to  bitiv  soiilptunxi  figunis  in 
nichua  rin  either  side,  to  give  the  subject  of  the  castings 
in  an  eiiihloiuntie  seiuw,  shoving  the  nohlc  intention  uf 
His  Hoyal  Uiglitic*!,  relative  to  uach;  aiirl  at  the  ex- 
treme angles  of  the  baae.  carrieil  out  as  abutments,  are 
N'ulptuml  blocks.  u|Kin  which  are  illustnitHl  thuenibtejia 
of  Royalty  and  Peace, 

Europe,  Asia,  Africa,  and  America,  as  smblematicnl 
Hguree.  are  seated  on  piers  at  the  four  angles  uf  this 
base;  above  which,  tha  globe  of  the  esuib  is  reprsaenleil 
hi  polished  granite,  on  which  standi  a  status  of  the  Prince 


ASS  30.— SCULPTURE,  MODEI^,  AND 
0  TO  32,  G.  &  H.  28  TO  32,  asd  I.  ft  J.  28,  29,  ft  32. 


in  PsriAn  marble,  placed  in  a  mMsl  temple,  gilt, 
dedicated  to  Proaparity  and  Fame;  with  the  crown  of 
England  above,  to  denote  the  lioyal  aiupion  undsr  which 
this  Qnnd  iDduatrial  Exhibition  has  b««i  u>  succeMfulI; 
■ccompliahed. 


269     Dmver,  C.  H.,  46  Wat  Sq 
Architectural  AttAga  for  a"t>aptJi 


Soaihitari — 
Lptiitry  and  font. 


270     SrocKKB,  Nathaniel  Busa,  7  Charla  Place, 
KentlA  TWn — Deeigner  and  Proprietor. 
DeBiBOB  for  church  windows,  in  which  sculpture,  he.,  . 
inaerted  into  the  tracer;.  The  Commandments  an  painted 
on  the  glaaa. 


271 


DiCKSEB,  John  Rob^t,  27  noidand  Strttt, 

f  ftiroy  ffquare — Produoer. 

Sabbath  Evening,  a  specimen  of  chromo-lithograph;. 


272      NiCBoLL,  Samuel  Joseph,  11  Aryytl  Placr — 
Deeigner. 
Design  for  a  cast-iron  screen  to  enclose  a  chapel.     In 
this  design  an  attempt  has  been  made  to  modify  the  forma 
of  mediicTal  architecture,  to  suit  a  material  the   ~'  ~ 
use  of  which  is  peculiar  to  our  age. 


273  TenNEHT,  Htb.  ROBEST  NBTI.SON,  Vale  of  Hiatth, 
Humpetead-ArtiBt. 

Miniature  portrait.  The  exhibitor,  a  self'tau^bt  artist, 
sister  of  the  late  Douglas  Cowper,  8.R.A. 

Miniature  painting  "The  Qrape  Gatherer."  Brought 
from  Rio  de  Janeiro,  for  exhibition. 


274       Appkl,  Rddolph,  43  Gerrard  Street,  SoAo — 


A  copy  from  the  plal 

An  original  print 
"Nativity."  Plate 
taken  by  the  anastatic  process.     A  cnpy  from  the  plate. 

Specimen  portrait,  printed  by  tbe  oow  appelotype  pro- 
cess. From  the  original  sketch  from  life,  by  Henry 
Olynn,  Beq.  Portrait  of  Alexander  von  Humboldt,  the 
original  tmm  life,  by  Friedrich  Droege,  miniature  painter 
to  Hid  Majesty  the  King  of  Prussia.  A  landscape  by  Paul 
Fischer. 

The  Mipclotype  process  consists  in  enabling  the  artist 
to  have  his  own  original  skctchoB  aud  paintings  with  the 
brush  roproduced  in  the  stylo  of  meizotinto. 

275  Wabnbb,  W.,  44  OermnI  Street,  -SoAo— Deaigner 

and  Producer. 
Imprcssiona  and  casts  from  intaghos,  portraits,  Gguree, 
seal  of  the  Art  Union,  &c. 

276  MOWSON,  David,  31  Arlim,lm  Street,  Muminglon 

OvscCTi(^D«igner. 
Coloured  wax  model  of  a  female  hand. 
Heads  of  angelH,  niudel  led  in  wax. 

277  Sou-NES,  Jakes,  49  ^«,«.r(  Street,  Haij,n.>rkel-~ 

Mauufactu  rcr. 
Reduced  model  in  nax.     Group  of  aniuials. 

278  Bishop,  J.,  AV/A  A"JU-;i  .f/r.ri— Inventor. 
EnKm\ingB  by  clockwork,  for  tbu  prevention  of  forgery. 
Plate  or  print,   cnnliuning  a  large  oval  medallion  of 

the  (jiievn,  with  b<ith  light  and  abade,  produced  by  a 
single  tine  of  ei[ual  thickness,  and  229  feet  in  length. 

Plate  or  print,  containing  specimens  for  bankers'  notefl 
and  cheques.  Plutu  or  print,  containing  specimens  for 
Mtainpa,  tc.  Plato  or  print,  containing  a  bill  of  exehango 
in  Hngliah,  and  in  Fivncb,  shoving  that  the  saiue  design 
van  be  repeated. 

By  this  invention  an  indefinite  varie^  of  designs  may 
he  /iroducod.     Many  of  these  engravings,  to  the  general 


the  appsaranoe  of  flngiitr4<iniitig,  a 
t  of  the  relief  mlio^maoldiiei   but 


obaerrer,  have  t 
bined  with  that  o 

practised  eye  may  detect  tiie  bat  tluA  MiUtsr  rnannitfn* 
nor  lathe  were  emplo^  In  their  prodnetian.  ftim 
machine  does  not  reqnire  eitber  pattenu  or  dracka  to 
work  &om,  the  vaiioua  pattenu  Mm  gensntad  I7  ^ 
moveable  train  of  change-wheels,  wUdi.  Bocordn^  ^ 
their  iirrangsment,  produce  all  Uie  mia^  of  yitlw^ 
and  gradu^ed  shades,  &e. 


279        RrKDEEi,  W.  W.,  JbAMwU— -Frodiusr. 
Spadmens  of  ssala  sngmved  by  nuuiliiiie. 


280     OinoBH,  itmVjBogal  Polj/ttehtle  AuUMte- 
Deeigner  and  Artist. 
Tbe  lion,  tiger,  elephant,  and  Aljdna  gnat  aapand  i 
cornelian,  with  impreaaioDa. 


ADAxa,  O.— Fradoeer. 


Wax  impreasiona  of  seals  engraved  bj  maehfaun,  ooa- 
taining  varioua  pattema  and  sixea  of  miUal,  tmit,  aad 
officiia  seals,  in  old  English,  Roman,  and  Egntin  IMtai; 
also  "  Tbe  Lord's  Prayer,"  in  En^fiah  t£i  Latia,  sach 
clear  and  distinct,  on  a  space  leas  than  that  of  a  oris 
a  quarter  of  an  inch  in  diameter.  The  aeala  are  aipind 
on  brass,  and  when  finished,  are  mounted  tm  iretr  nd 
hardwood  handles.    The  name  of  the  prooeaa  ia  "Ana- 

283   Cox,  IlEXST,  6  rppo-ArHfbiMfKiMfifrwt,  PfliftwiDr 
Model— "Death  on  the  Pale  Hoiae." 


284     Wton,  Wiluak,  R.A,  Bogal  JfAd— DaogDar 

and  Modeller. 

Portraits  of  Her  H^jest^  the  Queen  aad  Hia  Bo^ 
Illgliness  Prince  Albert,  being  the  model  for  the  obroaa 
of  tbe  G11F.AT  Exhibition  Pbize  Medals. 

IVuof  coins  of  the  present  reign.  Specimaia  of  tk 
coins  of  the  two  preceding  reigns,  and  of  the  ooins  id 
Portugal,  Venezuela,  and  New  Qrntada.  Modds  of  wv- 
medalfl,  &c.  _ ___^_^ 

^5     Babcti^t,  Oboroe,  22  Gerrard  Stmt — btgranr 
and  Printer, 

Dosigna  for  visiting  cards,  and  oUuc  engraving 

8)>eciniens  of  die-sinking,  or  engraving  in  motal,  aadtf 
seal  eugraving  on  gems. 


■;fartl>i 


i  of  it 

rions  of  ancient  coins,  &c-similea  of  th^  ori{ 
illustration  of  books,  tbe  formation  of  edu< 
stmctive  cabinets,  and  tbe  completion  of 

ctions,  by  Hiss  P.  S.  Barclay. 

Specimens  of  Scripture  coins. 


Wton,  Leonard  Chaslei,  Soj/al  MM — 

Meilallist, 

_  rtrait«  of  tbe  Royal  Children ;  modelled  by  aaaaai 
of  Her  Majcstv  the  Queen,  in  August,  1850. 

Model  which  obtained  tbe  price  of  100/.  in  the  gmml 
competttiuQ  of  designs  far  the  Great  Eihibitiun  mtdil), 
and,  which  was  adopted   by  the  Roj'al  "nrnmi—i""*" 

the  second  size  prize  medal. 

}7      Wtom,  Benj amis,  287  Reyent  Street— DtnfftK 

and  Engmver. 
ImpreaeiooBof  the  great  scats  of  England,  Scotland.  u>l 
Ireland;  of  the  courts  of  law ;  the  British  colonial  gom- 
icDts,  and  various  other*;  and  of  medal  dies. 

88  LOSOM*!),  J.  ft  R.,  1  Bo(n-/oo  riaee,  Pall  UM- 

Designers  and  ^ignvera. 
FSpecimen*  of  impressions  from  seal*. 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  EHAMBU,  Ac 
AbKAB  F.aOto  82,  0.  ft  H.  28  TO  32,  ANP  J.  &  J.  28,  e»,  ft  a 


TnHua, S  LtttUOm^aat  Stivtl,  dMo— 


BMb  (or  Hv  Hort  OimeiDDa  Hunty;  H.B.H.  Prinoe 
Annrt;  H.B.H.  AAMt  Prinoe  of  Wdea;  H.R.H.  the 
riiiiiiwe  Bofd;  the  DucAea  of  Sutherland;  the  Duchen 
of  BnodeuMi;  the  Duke  of  Vartoik  (offlcial);  the  Duchy 
«f  Luieutw;  theHoa.Sodet7of  Lincoln'ilim;  the  Hon. 
Ewt  Indik  Coaip«i»;  aod  the  Ooldimith'i  Compaiiy. 
InitutI  lettan  from  Oa  dghtb  to  the  nzteanth  centuriai. 
MieoeUaoeouB  »e>Li,  fto. 

Sketch,  on  ateal,  of  a  Ooveminent  officUl  ual. 

[By  the  ^ipUcsUon  of  machinery  to  a  die  timilai'  to  that 
•zhituted,  ft  thouaaiid  din  oould  be  obtaiiied,  if  necei- 
■ary ;  to  that  the  iriiola  of  the  Govemment  ofBcial  eeala 
and  die*  mi^t  be  made  erentually  at  a  ooet,  perhqie,  of 
littlemoTathanthatof  the  metal  of  which  they  are  made.] 


L   VooDHovn,  W., 


i  MoltiuortJi  Strtel,  DMm— 


BronM  medal  head  of  Hsr  H^eety  the  Queen,  struek 
to  oonmiemorate  ha  viait  to  Ireland;  aims  of  Lorda 
Oowmfaire  and  Clancarty ;  impreaaioni  in  bronie  awarded 
by  the  Royal  Dublin  Socisty,  in  aUverj  nrioui  madali 
in  bmnie  and  white  metal. 

>f  medal  diea  made  on  a  new  principle,  pure 


Dni'iaM,  L.,  41  Otorge  Blreet,  EdMntrgK — 


291     WiLBOD,  J.,  6  Kiag  Strtet,  ^noui  J7ff(— Producer. 

Profile  bust  of  Shakroeare,  cut  from  a  common  plaster 
of  Pah*  medallion,  mada  to  imitate  ivory,  and  equal  to  it 
inhanliKaa. 


292     Wkstwood,  Jobs  OnaDIAH,  Hammerrmith — 
Proprietor. 

1.  Electrotype  cast,  representing  the  statue  of  Qeorge 
III.  at  Charing^rosa,  from  a  die  engraTed  by  the  late 
John  Wotwood. 

2.  A  Bimilar  cast,  of  the  statue  of  the  Duke  of  Welling- 
toD  at  the  Royal  Eicbange,  by  tlie  name. 

3.  Specimen  of  dio-sinkiog  iu  bisaa,  repreeenting  the 
Portland  Vaaa,  executed  by  the  Home, 

4.  AnotiiBr,  representing  a  profile  portrait  of  Oeorge 
IV.,  executed  by  the  same. 

5.  Specimetu  of  deeply  embossed  boiwood  (for  anuff- 
bro),  with  bust  of  Oeor^  IV,,  eiecutad  by  the  same. 

6.  Another,  repreaentmg  the  late  Uorquis  of  Hastings, 
by  the  same. 

7.  3nn1l  frame  of  buhl  work  (inlaid  brass  and  ebony), 
manutsctured  by  the  same,  containing  a  brooae  mei^- 
lion  of  the  "  Pneentation  in  the  Temple,"  in  imitstioo 
of  the  chased  work  of  the  Louis  XIV.  period,  also  by 
the  same. 

8.  Three  speiamena  of  ivory  and  ebony  knife  handles, 
emboMed  and  studded  in  silver  by  the  patent  process  of 
the  late  John  Wcatwood. 


293    Qmar,  Eliza  MiRU,  5  Cfvirtes  Square,  Hoxton — 
Designer  and  Manufacturer. 
Oroup  of  flowers  made  oF  human  hiur. 


294     Roww,  Peteb,  13  />enm  t*  Terract,  ItUagioit— 
Hwleller. 
Malallic  portraits,  in  wax,  i>f  the  late  Matthew  Bolton, 
Eeq.,  Soho;  the  PtinceeH  ('horlutte.  Mrs.  Pmdgers,  Miss 
Hastcra,  Stephen  Ardesoif,  Ksq..  Oeorge  the  Fourth,  Dun 
Miguel,  and  an  infant. 


}5  BtLUaa,  J.,  ■^-J'riif    ifaniifirtiimr 

Bt«el  plate^  aiie  tliirt;.«ix  by  twenty-six  and  a 

inchaa,  machme  ruled. 

the  etcher  and  aognrer. 


HoFLiT,  EswARH,  16  Unittrtttj/ SIrmt — 
Inventor, 
e  triannlar,   wiailBtwal,  and  aquidlstaat  *: 
.  of  thefaatuTes;   exhituting  a  deaign  tar  a  ilmpli 

icale  of  phyiiognox""'   .   t  ■ 

the  following  out. 


This  is  an  attfflnpt  to  enable  the  statuary  or  painter, 
through  observing  the  relation  of  the  fo^urea  to  Ilia 
fiuial  angles,  to  reftliae  the  proportlona  of  the  dilhrant 
parts  of  the  fitoe. 

Ueltoh,  — ,  fidiiiurjA— Prodnoer. 

ecimens  of  printing  in  oolouis. 


48       HaUCEH,  H.  R.,  Great  rartnixiU— Produow. 
Four  "  sun"  pictures  of  various  sut^ecta. 
It  may  be  almost  regretted  that  the  term    "sun 
painting'  has  not  been  subetitutod  for  that  of  photography 
light-painting.     Many  phenomena  appear  to  indicate 
s  existtiuce  of  at  least  three  disttnot  principles,  or  modi- 
itiona  of  one  principle,  in  the  solsr  ray — light,  he«t, 
and  actinism ;  and  those  eSects  upon  substances  eenaitiva 
to  impression,  by  which  pictures  are  produced,  are  appa- 
rently produced  principally  by  the  aoUnic,   and  not  hy 
the  luminous  or  calorific  rays.    Photogtaphic  pictures, 
therefore,  whether  on  plate,  paper,  glass,  or  poroelain, 
are  most  properly  described  as  sun-dnwD  imther  than  aa 
light-drawn.— R.  E.] 


99     Roe*  Ic  Thohsoh,  fifiMnr^A— Produeen. 

Frames  containing  Talbotype  pictures  from  negatives 

1  albuminised  glass. 

[The  albuminised  glass  is  prepared  by  mixing  a  small 
quantity  of  iodide  of  potamium  with  the  white  of  egg,  and 
uniformly  eproading  this  soluUon  on  a  glass  plat«.  The 
thin  film  being  carefully  dried,  is  rendered  smaitive  by 
being  washed  with  the  ^L.-nitrata  of  silver  preriously  to 
its  being  placed  in  the  camera. — R.  H.] 


300  Hux,  Dtvni  OcTAViua,  C-.Hon  mi!  Stairt,  EdMnrgh 
— Producer  and  Designer. 

Calotypo  portraits,  individuala,  groups,  &c.  Calotypos 
of  fishermen  and  woman  of  Newbaven,  near  Edinburgh. 
Produced  by  the  exhibitor  and  the  late  R.  Adamson. 

[The  calolype  process  consists  essentially  in  spreading 


upon  Jiaper 


1  uniform  film  of  iodide  of  silver,  sod  of 


jxcitii^  this  by  the  action  of  a  combination  of  gallic  i 
and  nitrate  of  silver  previously  to  its  being  placed  in  the 
camera  obscura. — R.  H.] 


840 


Class  30.— SCULPTURE,  MODELS,  AND 
Areas  F.  30  to  32,  G.  &  H.  28  to  32,  and  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


[UXITD 


301      Buckle,  Saxuel,  Peterborough — ^Producer. 

A  series  of  pictures  from  nature,  taken  by  Talbot's 
photograpbio  process  called  calotype. 

Tbe  subjects  are  in  Peterborough  and  its  neighbour- 
hood, and  at  Bury  St.  Edmund's.  Printed  from  paper 
negatives.    {Mam  Avenue,  West,) 

[A  ps^r  negative  is  the  picture  impressed  in  the 
camera.  It  is  so  called  because  the  lights  and  shadows 
are  all  reversed  in  it,  that  which  is  shaded  in  nature 
being  represented  in  the  photograph  by  light  parts, 
and  the  reverse.  By  laying  this  negative  upon  a  paper 
covered  with  chloride  of  silver,  and  exposing  to  sunshine, 
a  correct  picture  is  obtained  on  the  latter.    This  is  called 

printing,"  in  the  language  of  photography. — B.  E.] 


(( 


302  BuBNABD,  Neville,  36  ffigh  Street,  Eccleston  Square 

— ^Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Colossal  bust — "  The  Prince  of  Peace." 


303   Foster,  Erasmus  Robert,  1  Princes  Street,  Bank 

— Importer. 
An  ornamental  stone  vase,  carved  out  of  the  rock  of 
Malta,  by  a  native  of  the  iskmd. 


304      WiLLSON,  T.,  Crescent  Buildings,  Leicester — 

Modeller. 
Model  of  the  Victoria  pyramid — proposed  to  form  the 
centre  of  the  British  metropolitan  necropolis,  to  be  erected 
on  Woking  Conmion,  in  the  county  of  Surrey — ^in  stages 
ten  feet  each  in  height,  to  be  covered  externally  with 
blocks  of  granite.  The  base  to  occupy  an  area  of  eighteen 
acres.  Its  height,  when  completed,  to  be  900  feet,  and 
to  be  capable  of  containing  five  millions  of  coffins,  each 
side  of  the  base  measuring  900  feet  in  length.  Designed 
by  J.  Willson,  Architect,  London. 


305       Carrothkrs,  William,  Reigate — Sculptor. 

Model  of  the  new  church  at  Southwater,  Sussex,  in 
Reigate  stone.    Designed  by  J.  P.  Harrison. 


306  LoCAS,  Richard  Cockle,  The  Firs,  Otterboume, 
near  Winchester,  Hants — ^Designer  and  Manu- 
facturer. 

Ivory  carvings: — ^The  Nativity;  the  naming  of  St.  John 
the  Baptist;  ^e  Raising  of  Lazarus;  the  Descent  from 
the  Cross ;  seal  of  Richard,  Bishop  of  Durham ;  the  Minerva 
of  the  Parthenon;  Iris  descencUne;  Jupiter;  Proserpine; 
Iris  the  messenger;  Venus  and  Adonis;  Young  Apollo; 
the  Qraces  teaching  Love;  the  Oracee;  Venus;  Ariadne; 
Galba;  Leander. 

Imitation  bronzes: — Toung  Bacchus;  an  athletic  figure 
with  a  Csestus;  a  martyr;  Neptune  and  Minerva  of  the 
western  pediment  of  the  Parthenon;  a  study  of  the  Port- 
land vase;  Jupiter;  Iris;  Proserpine. 


307     Bias,  John,  Bradninch,  Cullompton — ^Designer  and 

Manufacturer. 
Carved  Tudor  bed-posts,  made  of  walnut  tree,  by  the 
exhibitor,  a  thatcher.  The  columns  are  9  feet  high,  and 
18  inches  square  at  the  base,  resting  on  lion's  claws;  in 
front  is  the  date,  1851  ;  on  the  various  panels  are  the 
Prince  of  Wales's  plume  and  motto,  the  crown  of  Henry 
VIII.,  and  his  queen,  Catherine,  with  the  letters  H.  K., 
taken  from  a  crown  gold  piece  of  that  date  ;  the  arms  of 
the  corporation  of  Bradninch,  and  motto;  the  Queen's 
crown,  with  V.  R. ;  the  representation  of  a  lamb  with 
six  legs,  that  was  dropped  on  the  owner's  (H.  Matthews, 
Esq.),  property,  and  is  now  in  good  health,  with  the 
motto,  ''Peace  and  Plenty"  (the  lamb  representing  the 
former,  the  six  legs  the  latter),  and  the  Tudor  rose  and 
motto.  Above  the  squares  are  several  bosses,  carved  in 
foliiu;e  of  oak,  ivy,  &c.,  the  whole  being  carved  out  of 
solid  wood. 


308  Bailt  &  SoNB,  71  gracgcW-c4^Sltrwrt— Manwfitft^reii. 
Ornamental  castings  in  iron,  bronsed.     Cast  of  a  fly  in 

bronze,  from  nature,  by  W.  Midworth,  of  ifMiafi^M 

309  NoBCHi,  EouiFFO,  18  Kmg  WiUkm  StreH,  Strand 

— ManufiMrturer. 

1.  Baochanalian  vaae,  in  seipentiiie  marble.  The  Wy. 
wick  Vase  was  discovered  in  the  year  1770,  whikt  exei- 
vating  and  draining  the  lake  called  Paatanello,  a  plaoB 
anciently  situated  within  the  precincts  of  the  Adrian  villi, 
near  Tivoli ;  it  was  brought  to  Rngiand  by  Sir  W. 
Hamilton,  Ainbessador  at  the  Court  of  "SupUm,  and  |vc< 
sented  to  the  Earl  of  Warmck.  The  copy  here  exhibited 
is  an  Italian  work  in  seipentine  maible,  5  feet  6  inchs  in 
height,  and  3  feet  in  width.  From  two  interlaced  haodlei 
proceed  vine  branches,  which  adorn  the  %mm  part  of  Uui 
work,  illustrating  the  character  of  art  in  the  age  of  Adrian, 
when  the  original  was  executed.  A  lion's  s^n  sarroandi 
the  cup,  where  heads,  masks,  thyrsi,  and  other  omams&ts 
consecrated  to  Bacchus  are  seen  lying.  Rich  fobs^ 
adorns  the  great  body  of  the  vase,  which  is  placed  upon  t 
basis  resting  upona  column,  surrounded  by  a  vine  branch. 

2.  Sabina,  m  serpentine  marble,  a  oopy  of  the  oelt- 
brated  group  of  Giovanni  Bologna  da  Dovai.  This  sculptor 
was  a  Fleming, :  employed  constantly  for  many  yean  in 
Italy.  In  the  base  is  another,  group  alluding  to  the  same 
event.  The  total  height  is  7  feet  6  inches.  See  "  Boochi, 
Beauties  of  the  City  of  Florence,"  p.  37,  Florentine  edi- 
tion of  1591.  Baldinnuod,  vol.  vii.  p.  87.  Vasari,  p.  1113, 
and  elsewhere,  Florentine  edition  of  1832*38.  This  group 
is  represented  in  Plate  27. 

[Cigoguara  says  of  this  artist  and  his  time  that  a  great 
facility  of  execution  and  universal  imitation  of  Midiael 
Angelo,  rather  than  of  nature,  deistroyed  the  originality. 
Rapid  in  execution,  lively,  a  good  composer,  but  affected 
while  seeking  grace,  and  exaggerated  to  display  skill.— 
H.  T.  H.] 

3.  4.  Two  large  vases  in  agate,  very  full  in  foliage. 
Bacchanalian  masks,  composed  on  the  beet  antique  model, 
7  feet  6  inches  high,  from  a  very  ancient  jug  in  bronxe, 
in  the  Museum  at  Volterra.  One  of  these  vases  is  repre- 
sented in  Plate  32. 


310  AlTKBN  &  Allan,  102  Princes  Street,  Edinhirgk- 

Designers  and  Manufacturers. 
Pier-table  and   mirror-frame,   in  carved   wood,   with 
design  representing  the  seasons,  Peace,  War,  Commerw, 
Navigation,  Science,  Art,  and  the  general  progress  of 
civilization.  

311  De  LA  Bond,  Count — Producer. 
Specimens  of  wood  carving  by  machinery. 

312  Cuff,  R.  P.,  7  Otcen*s  Bow,  GosvreU  J?oad— Producer. 
Design  for  a  pendant  hall -lamp  for  gas. 


313  Austin,  William,  Limehouse  Dockyard — ^Producer. 

The  ''Crucifixion."  The  object  of  the  artist  has  been 
to  exhibit,  both  in  the  expression  of  the  countenance  and 
the  convulsion  of  the  figure,  the  *'  Last  Agony." 


314     Castle,  J.,  Cowlct/ Bood,  Oxford — Designer  and 

Sculptor. 
Baptismal  font,  in  Caen  stone,  enriched  with  four  com 
positions  in  alto-relievo,  and  symbolical  decoratiov  of 
fruits,  foliage,  &c.,  studied  from  nature,  and  adapts!  to 
conventional  architectural  forms. 


315     Wic»N,  John,  20  Leicester  Square — Designer  and 

Engraver. 

Red  cornelian  onyx  intaglio,  ''The  parting  of  Hector  and 
Andromache." 

Cameo,  of  three  strata,  made  to  imitate  the  origiiial  in 
different  coloured  pastes.  The  subject — "  The  marriage 
of  Alexander  and  Roxana." 


I 


PLASTIC  AKT,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  &c. 
Arbai)  F.  30  to  32,  G.  ft  H.  28  to  32,  amd  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  ft  3: 


316  Kkni:RA.CB,'EDW Amu,  bDiiJieSlrtfi,Oron»iur- Square 

— Dangner  sod  Hodeller. 
Satui  ^lOftnjptuBiiig  tba  Sun.    EVom  Milton's  PuadiN 
Lmt.  

317  Huj^H.,B«therhUlie — Designer  and  Carver. 
Figure  of  Her  Hajestj,  cvred  in  Engluh  elm, 

lor  k  ahip'*  Sguie  head. 


318  Snith,  C^ttain,  B,N.— Produear. 

DeugD  for  a  monument  to  Nelson. 


319  WuAiMati,  Sir  Qtaasat,^  Fork  Slrttt,PorlmaB 
Squart — Producer- 
Small  table,  from  original  deeigna,  parti;  conitructed 
from  the  cedan  of  LattaDOD.    This  table  ia  r^resented  in 


great  ccwt,  uiil  oftem'nrda  (iMtmyed. 

321  I-NCHAM.  John  W„  120  fM».,t..n,  Binn«t.jhm— 

Invcnt'ir  and  Diwijpier. 

Cabinet,  in  the  remuHaance  style  of  deii^^,  iiianufac- 
turod  of  wuvd  and  decomtiMt  b;  the  enamel  procaw,  with 
alactrO'giit  metal  moulilinftii. 

Door  of  woe>d,  euamellad  and  decorated  with  electro- 
iplt  metal  mouldingn. 

Hluters,  Buitabla  for  naloon,  drawiDg-rooin,  or  bou- 
di'ir  decoration,  aa  satin,  unpre|>ared,  and  i>aint«d  in  oil 
Colour- 

Specimeiu  of  imitation  niarMcn,  produced  aW  by 
eoauiel  jminting. 

322  Qbaveh,  DiNiEL.  Ki.H'i  [-"nlfJ,  "erti— 

Dwigner  and  Proprietor, 

Life  of  Our  Saviour,  illustrated  with  above  100  origJnHl 

ornamental  deaigiw,  nuiuble  for  the  goldimith,  ornamental 

decorator,  papar-rtainer,  Sic.,  executed  uith  pen  and  ink, 


in  a  fiama  represanting  the  nations  of  the  world,  at  ona 
view ;  with  carved  flowers  and  emblems  of  Un  four 
quarters  at  each  conuv  of  tha  frame,  and  Britannia  in  tha 
oentre,  surrounded  with  suitable  carved  embdliabmauta. 

323    iBBsnoH,  Cqitain,  L-  L.  B.,  C/i/to»  Haute,  Old 
Bmnplon — Manufacturer  and  Inventor. 
EtecCrotypea  Arom  tha  animal  and  vegetable  kingdom. 
Ornament^  castings  in  various  metaU,  &o.    (Alao  M«j^^ 
Avenue,  No.  91.) 


327    KoMEU,  Henit  HxiTRcxiTE,  C-E-,  so  Qton/t 

Sirttt,  Adetphi-  Inventor- 

Hodel  of  tha  Royal  Victoria  Tower,  proposed  to  ba 

ar«ct<id  at  Kingstown  Harbour,  Dublin,  to  oommemorats 

Her  Miyeaty'i  viait  to  Ireland,  the  funds  to  be  m>ro- 

Sriated  to  the  Dublin  L^ing-in  Hoapital.  Competition 
esign  for  the  Peel  Testimonial,  proposed  to  ba  eraetad 
in  Peal  Fail,  Salford. 


28      AMEEiV,  Joa.,  45  George  BtreH,  MaKcie$l*r— 
Deaignsr- 

lllustrated  plan  of  the  township  of  Haaoheater  in  34 
ahaets,  being  tOO  equare  feet  in  aiia,  correctfld  up  to 
February,  1851-  in  which  all  public  and  private  build- 
ings, mechanical,  chemical,  print  and  dye  woib,  canals, 
railways,  &c.,  are  respectively  chanctarieed  by  varioua 
■hadingi  and  colourings ;  executed  upon  a  new  plan,  and 
upon  a  Male  of  measurement  larger  than  has  ever  been 
stteinptad.  


id      LiTCHnELD,  John,  Ridley,  UwUi — Prodnoer. 
Model  of  a  cottage,  composed  of  2,0u0  piecea  of  willow 
wood   dovetailed  together  without  any  glue   or  other 
iment,  and  carved  with  a  penknife. 


tl      CntKCEUAB,  Pbbderic,  CAt/nu/vnJ— Deeignar 

and  Modeller- 
Model  of  a  covered  homestall,  suitable  for  a  farm  of 
from  ;>l>u  til  5(K-l  acrea,  eihibitiag  an  improved  arrange- 
nunt  of  the  rorioua  buildings  and  yarda  required  in  such 
k  fiu-ui .  The  advantagee  churned  by  the  exhibitor  are — 
□rniHxed  value  of  manure;  aaving  effected  in  the  fattening 
if  stuck,  by  protection  from  the  iuclemancy  of  the  weather; 
□creased  facilitice  afforded  for  Buperviston;  greater  secu- 
rity from  depredation ;  and  economy  of  apace,  capital,  and 
labour,  by  the  introduction  of  «team  power,  and  the  con- 
centration of  buildingn. 
U32  ~'^      ~^  ' 


:[:|:j      Pabtrioci^  Willlam,  38  Kexnivm  street — 
Deaigner  and  lYoducer- 
AchievemcQt  of  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  late  Sir 
Robert  Peel,  Bart. ;  enamelled  on  slate,  oa  a  funeral  tablet 

MiigiiD  Ctiarta,  illuminated  with  the  armorial  ahields 
and  nomea  of  the  chief  prelates  and  baroiu  concerned; 
emblazoned  on  vellum. 

334 


Baxter,  Joun,  l-rvn  ■ml  Hinjmer,  Sattex— 

Two  motlclHof  iinprovoil  farm-yard  and  buildingn;  one 

-nui)^  with  a  view  of  aecuring  all  tha  advantages  of 

itlecting  lirpiid  and  other  manure*  From  the  stock,  an<l 

of  preparing  them  for  the  Gold ;   auothar,  in  a  square 

,  of  buildings  on  the  aame  plan. 

335 


GniWElx,  H.  &  M.  D.,  Btgetttt  Canal  Work*— 
Pioducma. 
Querin'a  i 


843  Cu8b3< 

Afius  F.  30  TO  < 

336  Pike,  Thomas  JjLMES,  Ckelleu/iam — Producer. 
Bpeciiaeu  of  glau,  with  the  royal  irnii,  embluoned  in 

Ornamsatat  allield,  diapUf«d  mth  fruit  uid  wreaths  of 
(lowani  held  by  flgurca;  with  the  dntea  of  tbe  Quaen'a 
Coronation  aod  Qi«rria)re,  and  of  the  births  of  the  mem- 
ben  of  the  Royal  Family,  eieoutsd  in  omaraental  writing 
Dn  the  book  of  the  glasa.  The  same,  with  the  arms  of 
H.R.H.  Prince  Albert,  embluoned  and  displayed  with 
folia^  in  b  aimilar  style. 

337  HaTWaMj,  R.  J.,  Dane3  Place,  KmlM  T<iini— 

Inventor. 
New  procese  of  tinting  steel  plat«a  for  printing. 


33S        Belfast  OoTEBNXEirr  School  of  Deeion, 

Ireland — Producer. 
Dedgna  for  a  damoab  table-oloth,  by  Hugh  Blun ;  for  a 
table-cloth,  by  John  M'KenEie;  for  the  centre  of  damoak 
tttbla-cloth.by  JohnLawBon;  for  an  embroidered  robe,  by 
Matthew  M'Kenria ;  for  an  embroidered  handkerchief, 
by  AleianderOrr  Agar,  and  Isaac  Waugh;  for  an  embroi- 
dered chemiaatta,  by  the  latter;  for  a  iinen  band,  by  Sa- 
muel M'Cloy,  and  Jamoa  Ewart;  for  the  top  of  a  box,  for 
oambrica,  by  the  formur;  all  pupils  of  the  Belfaat  Govern- 
ment School  of  Design, 


339  BiKHITT,  James  LrrrLKE,  173  Fled  Street— 

Deeigner  and  Mamifacturer. 
Hdlel    of    a   picture — "  The    Water   Mill,   Summer 
Eveniog."  ^ 

340  Wbaitk,  H.  C,  85  ft  87  Brvtie  Street,  Manchater— 

Inventor  and  Producer- 
Flag,    or  hanuer,    repreeentiiig    the    "Royal   Anna," 
painted  on  ailk;  with  an  elastic  preparation,  to  prevent 
the  crockinig  or  breaking;  of  the  ailk. 


342a    Cuhib,  Thohas  Chatfielv,  6  Perci/  Circia, 
Lh;td  Sfntre — Designer. 
Design  for  a  natiooal  sculpture  gallery. 

343  TnoscpsoN,  T.  J.— Produoor. 

"  God  save  the  Qucbq,"  in  wooden  letters. 

343i  HehdMan,  Wm.  Oawin,  Eccrlan,  Liecrpool— 
Inventor. 
Diagnuu,  Bhowing  an  angular  view  of  10G°,  illustrative 
of  a  new  system  of  perspective  drawing.  The  improve- 
ment in  this  new  method  is  iu  the  relief  from  the  nwtrio. 
tiona  of  the  systems  hitherto  in  uae,  nnd  which  limited  the 
art  to  the  angle  of  60°  only,  whereaa  by  thia  syatem  the 
■ngie  is  unlirnitsd,  and  uo  distortion  appoara,  whatever 
may  be  the  augli 


344  BONNAR  Sl  Carfrak,  Cislle  Street,  Wuiiraj*— 
Deaignerv  and  Eiecutom. 
Design,  wrought  in  imitation  of  frcBOO  painting, 
shovring  piart  of  the  walls  of  a  drawing-room,  &c, ;  design 
in  theFompeiian  stylo,  Bj-rangeil  til  suit  modem  decoratioo; 
omaracntaJ  (rieze  and  ceiling;  design  in  imitation  of  inlaid 
wood,  for  the  paoels  of  walla,  or  woodwork  of : 

Designs  in  imitation  of  inlaid  marble,  fur  panels  of 
screeiu.  Stc.,  in  the  Watteau  style,  ajid  suited  for  panel) 
over  doors. 

345 


,  John,  1  i  Xort/i  .llreet,   Wesfnitulef — 
Designer  and  Modeller. 
Model  (in   plaster  of  Paris,)  of  a  Oothio  door,  with 
;urea  of  FajUi,  Hope,  and  Chuity. 


[U«in 


L    SalTuabSH,  O.,  Sovihamptm  Home,  EeatiA  Too, 
— rrodncer. 

wimen  of  penmanship. 


17        Hdbwiw,  B.,  I  BfjA/B  Stmt,  i 

Producer. 
Emblematical  dacoiatian  for  drswing-rooni,  ■ 
blazoned  glass  tablet. 


348  ZCCCAKI,  B.,  40  and  41  Brink  Lone,  SpHaljUA- 

Producer. 

An  aviary. 

349  BiTBr,  Talbot,  50  WeOK*  Street,  Oaeadak  Sftrt. 

Prodacer. 

Specimen  of  distemper  painting,  executed  [n  MllWl 
lica  colours,  representing  a  design  for  a  palace  nt  tlw 
ts;  and  a  national  gBllai7  of  painting  and  scalptoM. 
The  ground-floor  is  proposed  to  be  appropriated  to  Um 
sculpture  of  ail  oountriea  and  periods.  The  fint  Boar  to 
continuous  picture-gallery,  eiteodiog  ahng  tk« 


site  is  ttiat  of  the  Great  Eihibition. 

360     Hja  ROFAL  HlOHNEBS  THE  Princb  A 

Two  slabs  for  tables,  designed  by  L.  Qruser,  Eaa.,  ia 
the  cinque-eento  style,  executed  by  Mr.  Thomai  Wood- 
ruff, at  Bakewell,  in  DcrbyshirBstonee,  i;   '     " ■ 

tlurentine  mosaic     One  of  these  slabs 

the  Plate.  

3^1        His  RoVAL  HiGHNXaS  TQE  PUNCE  AuiDT. 

Candelabrum  in  the  cinque-cento  style,  deadgned  b} 
L.  Oruner,  Eleq.,  modelled  by  Ant.  Trentaoove.  and  ear 
cuted  in  scsgliola,  in  imitation  of  giallo  anljco,  by  L. 


353        Heb  Majesty  the  QnesN — Proprietor. 

A  enullo,  carved  in  Turkey  boiwood  by  W.  Q,  Bogsi, 
and  de«igTie<!  by  his  son,  symbolising  the  nniou  of  tit 
Royal  House  of  England  with  that  of  Saie-Cobiiig  sal 
Gotba.  One  end  exhibits  in  the  centre  the  anneriil 
bearingsof  Her  Ht^jesty  the  Queen.  niirTmiiiili  illij  imm* 
of  foliage,  natural  Howurs  and  birds ;  on  Uie  rocker,  !»■ 
□Bath,  is  seen  the  bead  of  "  Noi,"  repreaantad  as  atMsO' 
tiful  sleeping  female,  crowned  with  a  garland  of  popfoa. 
auppoi-ted  upon  bats*  vings,  and  suTrounded  by  tfas 
seven  plancte.  This  cradle  is  repreaentad  in  the  acGMa- 
panying  Plate  1  '2 1 . 


354 


HiLLIEH,   G.  Lilll 


-Produi 


Statuettes. 

357  Lawsoh,  J. — Producer. 

Design  for  a  carpet. 

.158  MAKsnAU,,  Lieut.  R.— Producer. 

Four  specimens  of  Xylopyrography,  or  charred  »i™ 
engraving. 

359  Souses,  WnoJAH,  49  Rnprrt  Street, 

!!■  lymnrM — Produ  cer. 
Impressions  from  dies  (out  inateeilfor  stamping  »»l»l^ 
Ac,  intended  for  ornamental  and  other  purpoeea. 

360  Field,  G.— Producer. 

A  specimen  of  wood  carving  in  the  middle  of  ths  Itft 
century,  by  Demonlreuil. 


PLASTIC  ART,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  *c. 
Abkas  F.  30  to  32,  G.  ft  H.  28  to  32,  aud  I.  &  J.  28,  29,  &  32. 


361      Spieki  a  Son,  102  A  10^  Hijh  Slral,  Otforrl— 
HaDufftcturerB. 

Uodeli  of  buildingR,  in  ctrd-boud,  repraenting : — The 
Khrtjr^  Uemorul,  eT«cted  id  Oifonl,  in  1S41,  by  public 
anbscription,  to  commeinonite  ibn  d«kth  of  Crtountir, 
ttidlej,  and  Latimor.  Ttie  Cathednls  of  Oxford,  K\j. 
Lincoln,  Briatol,  and  Saltnburf.  The  Radcliffii  LibrBiryi 
Tom  Tower,  Christ  Church;  and  the  Churchet  of  St. 
ttAij  Magdalen  and  St.  Ald&te*.  in  Oiford.  Tbe  Que«D'g 
tnarmB  raudence,  Osborne  House,  in  the  lale  of  Wight ; 
and  the  mm  ilaiMl  at  Goodwood. 

"—'■I'  of  the  UartTTi'  JlamoritJ,  at  Oxford,  with  the 
comnemonldTe  inacnptioD  on  tbe  reveres  aide,  in  silver, 
electro-gilt,  bronie,  and  wbit«  metal. 

Silfer  amboaied  woik,  conaiating  of  card-caaea,  bnaketa, 
tableta,  and  Tinugrettaa,  OTDamented  with  riewa  of 
Oxford  In  ralief. 

SpedmaoB  of  emboaring,  in  eoloura,  on  writinz-paper 
Mnd  SBTBlopei,  oompriaing  the  anas  of  aereral  coUegaa  in 
Oxfiird,  and  other  offldal  and  private  aeols. 

Cliarta  of  the  eight-oared  Oxford  boat-raoea,  from  1 83T 
to  I8S0,  printed  b  eoloun. 

"  A  Hemorial  for  Visitor*  to  Oxford,"  being  an  illua- 
trated  card  of  buiineaa,  oontuning  vieva,  maps,  and 
Htenl  local  information  nteftd  to  the  visitor  and  tourint, 
framed  and  mounted  for  use.     See  Chuu  17,  No.  308. 


562  Sbikkbi,  — .  SA«#bW— Producer. 

Fac-dmile  of  chasing  and  engraving  on  metals,  done  by 
neana  of  printing. 


IK  ft  Co.,  Charla  StTtet,  HampsUnd  Road— 

Producera. 
Spedmeni  of  japanning  on  alate,  and  altar  deonntioni. 

964      HoaKrai,  Q.,  S3  SatMoae  /■(aiar— Produoer. 
hinted  dacoiationa. 

(n«  oteM  tiDD  art  ptaetd  m  the  South  Wall.) 


SCCLPTURE  COURT. 

Areas  Q.  to  3.  38,  29. 

Umomh,  At.nxi>,4  Xed  CnwSquare — Deiigner. 


"  DaTid  befora  Saul," 


2  KtM,  J.  R.,  A.R.H.A.,  Jfi-cu  Street,  Dublm— 

Sculptor. 
An  original  group,  cast  in  plaster,  "Tbe  creation 
the  dimple." 

SMIli  in  tmnu  impnaB  Ain»i>  dMbla 
V«tl|b  drODDriiul  sDlUlMllnU. 

3  HcOEEs,  Thomas,  29  /xmj  Aire — Heaigner. 
Plaster  figure  pf  Eve  convicltd;— "  The  setpont  n 

beguiled,  and  I  did  eat." — ParaJiae  Loil . 


The  Wanderer. 

5  DuxANT,  ScsAN,  14  Cooduil  Street  ITfflt— 

DesiRiTcr  and  Sculptor. 
GrODp  in  plaster,  "  BelitUiriuii." 

fi     Jbnninob,  B.,    Hereford,   and  17  ioiwr  F:alon  Street, 
Gmrmor  Place,  hiuim — Dcaigner  and  Sculptor. 
Marble  bust  of  "  The  Hadoana." 

7  TaoxAt,  I.  Evan,  7  Loicer  BtliimM  Tlicf— Sculptor. 
Sdenoe  (alto-retievD).     The  Spirit  of  Science  unveiling 

Ignonnoe  and  Prejudice.    The  clouds  of  error  recede 
before  the  light  of  truth. 

8  Lboixw,  James,    1  Si.  Mh,i»-i  R<^,  A'enaingliKi— 

Deaignerand  Proprietor. 
Group,   Cupid  stung  by  a  Bee.  oomplsiDs  to  Tenus. 


p,   Cupid 

Huaidore. 


9  Cabew,  Jobn  Edwaxd,  40  Camhridge  SIrtti, 

llydt  Park — Deogner  and  Sculptor. 
Alto-relievo — Baptism  of  Christ. 

10  Cabkw,  John  Edwabd,  40  Camhridiie  Street, 

Hyde  Park—  Deeigner  and  Sculptor. 
Whittington  lifltening  to  Bow  bells — original   model- 
Thia  status  Is  represented  in  the  following  cut. 


CaSKW,  John  EdwaMi,  40  Canthrilge  Street, 
H]idt  Fork — Deugner  and  Sonlptor. 
Alto-raUevo  for  a  temple  in  Suffolk. 

12  Thomas,  J.— Sculptor. 

Npnph  and  sca-boree. 

1,3     Theed,  W.,  12a  Henrietta  Street,  CavctidM  Sgvare 
— Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Statue  of  Prometheus. 

14  HooAS.  J.,  14  Wml-'n-ll,  Place,  DMin—DttigDM 

and  SoulptoT. 
A  dnmken  fsun. 

1 5  Maikbau.,  W.  Caldeb,  A.R.A.,  47  Eiiiry  Stmt, 

f'-itm  Squiirt — Seulptor. 
Sabrina;  ntatue  in  marble. 
Ribrtu  blr, 
lAwIrn  whm  Ikon  ■ft  illllaT, 


linen,  ud  mn  — ifilr.a'i  Cimm. 
Eailx,  T.— Sculptor. 


ol4 


Class  30.— SCULPTURE,  MODELS,  AND 
Abeas  Q.  to  S.  28,  29. 


'Vm 


17  Miller,  Felix  Martin,  24  Bloomfield  Terrace, 

Pimlioo — Sculptor. 
Group — Childhood. 

18  Farrell,  T.,  132  Lower  QUntcester  Street,  Dublin — 

Designer. 
**  Early  sorrow/'  sculptured  in  marble. 

19  FoLET,  J.  H.,  A.B.A.,  19  Osnahwrgk  Street,  Regents 

Park — ^Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Ino  and  the  infiuit  Bacchus. 


20  Sharp,  Thomas,  27  Burton  Crescent — ^Designer, 

Modeller,  and  Sculptor. 
Statue,  in  marble,  of  a  Boy  and  Lizard. 

21  Earle,  T.-— Sculptor. 
Pastorella.  

22  LawloR,  J.,  30  Wyndham  Street,  Bryanstone 

Square — Designer  and  Executor. 
A  Bather,— statue  in  plaster. 

23  CaMFBELL,  T.,  16  Great  Martborough  Street — 

Sculptor. 
Portrait  of  a  lady  as  a  Muse. 

24  Bell,  Johk,  15  Dcuro  Placey  Victoria  Boad, 

Kensington — Sculptor. 
Sculpture,  life  size — Purity,  or  Una  and  the  Lion. 


25  KiRE,  W.  B.,  A.B.H.A.,  Jerois  Street,  DuMinr- 

Sculptor. 
Original  group  in  plaster,  "  Pastoral  age." 

26  Sharp,  Thomas,  27  Burton  Crescent— 

Designer,  Modeller,  and  Sculptor. 
Model,  in  plarter,  of  "  Christ's  charge  to  Peter." 

27  Papworth,  Edgar  George,  17  Newman  Street, 

Oxford  Street — Sculptor. 
"  Cupid  in  diiiguiae." 


28 


"  Cupid  and  a  swan." 


29       Ritchie,  John,  62  Princes  Street,  Edinburgh — 

Designer. 
Statue,  in  marble,  of  a  Poetess. 


30  McDoNNELX^  — ,  London — ^Producer. 
"Mother  and  child,"  by  a  deaf  and  dumb  artist. 

31  Farmer,  P.,  4  ffawley  Terrace,  Camden  Toum — 

Designer  and  ModeUer. 
Frieze,  designed  for  a  marble  dining-room  chimney-piece. 
Frieze  of  scroll  ornament,  with  figures  of  children,  and 
goat's  head  in  centre,  composed  in  vine  leaves. 

32  Summers,  Charles,  86  Warunck  Street,  Pimlico— 

Designer  and  Modeller. 
Statue,  in  plaster,  of  Boy  playing  with  shell. 

33  Francis,  J.,  56  Albany  Street,  Begent*s  Park— 

Sculptor. 
Statue  of  Her  Majesty,  in  Carrara  marble. 

34  Thorntcroft,  Thomas  and  Mart,  30  Stanhope 

Street,  ffampstead  Road — Sculptors. 
Statues — The  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  Princess  Royal 
as  a  yoimg  shepherd,  and  a  gleaner.     These  statues  are 
represented  in  the  accompanying  Plates  143,  144. 

35  Nelson,  George,  30  Bidborough  Street,  Burton 

Crescent — Sculptor. 
Alto-relievo,  cast  in  plaster,  a  figure  of  Victory,  designed 
for  a  monument  to  the  memory  of  the  officers  and  men  of 
the  50th  Regiment,  Queen's  Own,  who  fell  on  the  banks 
of  the  Sutlej,  in  India,  during  the  campaigns  of  1845-6. 


tt 


n 


36    Stephens,  Edward  B.,  27  Upper  Beljrare  Place, 
Pimlioo — Designer  and  Inventor. 
Eve  offering  to  Adam  the  forbidden  fruit :" — 

•  •  •  from  the  boof^ 
She  nve  him  of  that  fUr  enticing  fruit 
With llbend  hand; 

The  Expulsion  from  Paradise:" — 

They,  hand  in  hand,  with  wandering  ■tepa  and  slow, 
Throof  h  Eden  took  their  ■oliiaiy  way. 

"  The  Curse  :"— 

•  •  •  childTen  thoa  ahalt  bring 
In  torrow  forth.  •  •  • 
In  the  tweat  of  thy  fbee  ahalt  thou  eat  bread. 
Till  thoa  retom  unto  the  groand. 

"  The  Death  of  Abel  ."— 

Whereat  he  inly  raged,  and,  as  they  talk'd, 
Smot^  him  into  the  midriff  with  a  stone. 
That  beat  oat  life;  he  fell. 


37  Adaxs,  Q.  G.,  5 a  Eccleston  Street  East,  Pimiioo— 

Sculptor. 
Murder  of  the  Innocents.    The  accompanying  Fli 
146,  represents  this  group. 

38  Miller,  F.  M.,  24  Bloomfield  Terrace,  Pimlico— 

Sculptor. 
Bas-relief,  brothers  and  sisters  in  "  Comus." 


39  Thrupp,  Frederick,  30  Ohuoester  Place, 

New  Road — Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Group  in  plaster  of  Paris,  "  The  maid  and  the  miscl 
vous  boy." 

40  Jones,  J.  E.,  M  Upper  Charlotte  Street,  fitero^ 

Square — Designer  and  Producer. 
Group  of  children  and  animals,  portraits.     The  aoc( 
panying  Plate  represents  this  group. 

41  MuNRO,  Alexander,  33  Brewer  Street,  Ooldm 

Square — Sculptor. 
Francesca  di  Rimini  and  Paolo. 


42        Taylor,  F.,  Romsey,  Hampshire — Designer 

and  Sculptor. 
Life-sized  figure  of  Our  Saviour  bearing  the  Croa. 


43       Gallagher,  John,  10  King  Street,  Regent  Street, 
— Designer  and  Producer. 
Design  for  a  fountain  in  plaster,  "  Ariadne  diaoonsol 
at  the  loss  of  Theseus." 


44     Smith,  C.  R.,  37  Gloucester  Place,  New  Road— 

Sculptor. 
Statue  in  mediaeval  costume :  Lady  Danberry. 


45     Jones,  J.  E.,  41  Upper  Charlotte  Street,  Fiixroy 
Square — ^Designer  and  Producer. 
Marble  statuette,  "the  Favourite,"  portrait. 


46        Kirk,  John,  School  of  Design,  Birmingham — 

Designer  and  Modeller. 
Basso-relievo,  in  plaster,    "  Spiritless,  afflicted,  fallei 
— Milton's  Paradise  Lost. 


47        Phtsick,  Edward  James,  6  Gloucester  Place, 

New  Road — Designer  and  Modeller. 

Pluto  carrying  off  Proserpine. 

By  Plato  matched  away  : 
Love  urged  him  to  the  deed.—  Orrtf. 


48     Adams,  G.  G.,  5a  Eccleston  Street  East,  Pimlico-^ 

Sculptor. 
Bas-relief,  Combat  of  Centaurs  and  Lapithie. 


49    Miller,  Felix  Martin,  24  Bloomfield  Terrace, 

Pimlico — Sculptor. 
Bas-relief,  Titania. 


I 


II 


143.      RIB  BorAL  maHNEM  Tire  princb  or  walf^  144. 


HS   nUNCEM  KOTAL, 


Il 


I       i 


I 


PLASTIC  ABT,  MOSAICS,  ENAMELS,  Ac. 
Abkab  Q.  to  S.  S8,  29. 


50  Mum,  Fmz  Mabtw,  34  BbamfM  Terrace, 

J>«nfKW— Sciaptor. 
Arid.  

51  BkUKUKC,  Capt.  G.,  23&  Onnwur  ^r««<,  Wisf— 

pTodaoer. 
Sleeping  NTmpli. 

52  FaXKELL,  J.,  123  Lauter  OlMcater  Btrtit,  Dtiblia — 
"  The  pet  dove's  return,"  ■  groap  in  marble. 

53  Caikw,  Jobm  Edwaxd,  40  Cambridge  Btrtet, 

Hyde  PotjI— Derigner  and  Sculptor. 
A]to-relisTO  original  model— DnMnt  &om  tlie  Cron. 
"I^anu  et  npultui  eet." 

54  Bmn,  W.,  13  OemAargi  Street,  Begemtt  Park— 

Sculptor. 
Harbla  ilatue  of  a  Startled  Nrmph. 


Bt^i  diild,  and  gD«t. 


56  Tbruff,  FBEDmm,  30  Qlaueeeter  Place, 

Jfere  Boad — Dnigner  and  Bculptor. 
Harble  ilatnei  —  "  Ba ji  catching  a  butterfly ." 


XAmami,  SunrxL,  3  Union  Place,  £egeiifi  Pari, 
<Md  6U  Tor*  Ttrrace,  Btgmfi  J'oril— Sculptor. 
'   '  1  of  the  Matue  of  Prometliaua,  now  being  ex 


cirted  in  marble. 


59     Thcid,  Wiuxui,  12a  Henrietta  Street,  Canendiiih 
Sqvare- — Doignsr  and  Sculptor. 
Hie  Prodigal'!  Return. 


€0      Funma,  JohK,  50  Batinfi  Place,  Waterloo  Road— 
Producer. 
Portrait  statue  of  John  FUxmao,  executed  bjr  the  lale 
M.  L.  Watson  J  executed  in  marble  by  Nelson. 


61  H-DovKLL,  P.,  R.A.,  T5a  Margaret  Street, 

CanendiiA  Square — Sculptor. 
Early  sorrow.   

62  Adams,  O.  O.,  of  Rome— Sculptor. 
Contest  between  Hinatrel  and  Nightingale. — Stradft. 

63  BcACCLEBC,  Capt.  a.,  23a  Qnncenor  Street,  Welt- 

Producer. 
FeniJe  figure  on  a  couch. 

64  Gibson,  John,  R.A.,  of  Home— Derigner. 
Basso-relievo  in  plaster,  representing  the  Houn,  and  the 

Horses  of  the  Sun. 

65  Thorhtcmft,  Tbonai  and  MAar,  39  SlanJiope 

Street,  Hamjatead  Road — Sculptors. 
Baieo-ralievo — XJroup  of  three  children. 

66  UiUXB,  Felix  Habtin,  24  Bhomfield  Terrace, 

Pimlico — Sculptor. 
Baa-re1ief_ Spirit  of  Calm. 

67  HlLLEK,  Feux  Haktin,  24  Bloomfietd  Terrace, 

Pirnlico — Sculptor. 
The  attendant  Rpirit  in  Comiu  descending  on  a  glandng 
star,  in  bas-relief. 


)8    HUJ.BB,  Femx  Haxtih,  34  BhoBtfield  Terrace, 
Pimlioo — Senlptor. 
Baa-relief,  Lycddas. 

)9        Phtckx,  Eswabs  GnsTAVUB,  e  Olouoeeter 
Place,  Nea  Aood— Sculptor. 
Hetd  of  the  dying  Saviour,  in  marble. 


70  Voixx.  3. 'B.,K.V..k..,0>tiiA«rgK  Street,  Regemft  Park 

— Designer  and  Sculptor. 
"  Innoeenoe." 

71  Beu,  John,  15  Do«ro  Place,  Victoria  Rood, 

KeruingtoB — Inventor  and  Producer. 
Dorothea,  from  "Don  Quixote." 


'2        Bell,  Jam,  15  Douro  Place,  Victoria  Road, 

Kensington — Inventor  and  Producer. 
^  Simlpture— "  The   Babes   in   the   Wood,"   from   the 
1.     Thia   group    is    represented    in   the 


nrWn  Bihn  In  IhF  Wood. 


73     MawHIno,  SaMOEL,  3  Uai-m  Place,  Rfjenft  Park, 
and  61a  For*  Terrace,  Regent' s  Park— Sc\Hjitm. 
Model  of  the  statue  of  John  Wesley,  U.A.,  executed     by  Thomas  F 


846 


Class  30.— SCULPTURE,  MODELS,  AND  PLASTIC  ART,  &c. 

Abeab  Q.  to  S.  28,  29. 


74  Wbbtmaoott,  Jaxbb  Sherwood,  1  St,  John's  Place, 

Liison  Grooe — ^Designer. 
Model  of  Saher  de  Quinoy,  Earl  of  Winchester,  a.d. 
1215,  to  be  executed  in  bronze,  for  the  interior  of  the 
new  HouBC  of  Lorda.  The  chain  armour  is  carved  by  the 
hand,  and  not  stamped.  This  model  is  represented  in 
the  accompanying  Plate  149. 

75  DuBHAX,  Joseph,  50  Cambridge  Street,  Hyde  Park 

— Sculptor. 
L' Allegro.  

76  Durham,  Joospk,  26  Alfred  Place,  Bedford  Square 

— Sculptor, 
n  Penseroso. 

77  BEHMSEf,  W.,  13  Osnaburgh  Street,  Segenfs  Park^ 

Sculptor. 
Statuette  of  Lady  Qodiva. 

78  DuRAMT,  Susan,  14  Conduit  Street  West,  Hyde  Park 

— ^Producer. 
Statue  of  a  girl :  a  study  from  nature. 

79  Theed,  Wiujam,  12a  Henrietta  Street,  Cavendish 

Square — ^Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Narcissus.         

80  Earl  or  Yarborough,  17  Arlington  Street, 

PiocadUly — Proprietor. 
A  statue  in  marble. — ^A  Greek  hunter  and  dog,  by  John 
Gibson,  R.  A.,  of  Rome.    This  statue  is  representea  in  the 
accompanying  Plate  12. 


81    Jennings,  B.,  Hereford,  and  17  Lower  Eaton  Stnd, 
Grosvenor  Place,  London — ^Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Marble  statue  of  Cupid. 


82  Earle,  T.— Sculptor. 

Nature's  mirror. 


83       Smith,  C.  R.,  37  Qloster  Place,  New  Road-- 

Sculptor. 
Statue  of  Michael  Angelo,  in  mediaeval  costume. 


84  JoNBB,  J.  E.,  41  Upper  CharlotU  Street,  FUxron 

Square — ^Designer  and  Producer. 

Medallion.    Subject — ^Mother  and  child,  portraits. 

85  The  Art  Union  or  London  Corporation, 

444  Wesi  iSlfraiu^— Producer. 

Competition  statuettes: — Satan  punished  in  the  mo- 
ment of  imagined  triumph.  Solitude.  The  Huntsman. 
Lycidas.  Undine.  "On  Earth  Peace."  The  Water 
Lilly.  Spring.  The  Young  Mother.  Ephialtes  chained. 
Echo.  Nydia.  Girl  and  Butterfly.  Hesione.  A  Kympb. 
Alfred.  Industiy.  Britannia.  Cupid.  Orpheus.  Ari- 
adne. Musidora.  Psyche  di^g^uised.  Murder  of  tht 
Innocents.  * 

86  Wton,  E.  W.,  48  Chenies  Meum,  Bedford  Square— 

Sculptor. 
Tazza,   modelled  fr^m  a  Greek  design  for  the  Art 
Union  of  London. 


MISCELLANEOUS  OBJECTS  OF  INTEREST  PLACED  IN  THE  MAIN  AVENUES 
OF  THE  BUILDING  AND  NOT  CLASSIFIED. 


■  lluwrrx  THE  Qdksk — Froprletor. 


with  canop;  <^  purole  Tsnat,  emondderad  In  gold,  aup- 
poTtod  on  dlTW  puluv,  with  two  "  moarchila,"  or  em- 
blaim  of  dignl^,  nwd  by  th«  prince*  of  Iitdik  upon  state 
ooca^ni,  made  ol  pun  gold,  and  containing  feathan  of 
the  birda  of  nuadlae.  A  itate  palanqula  of  iToiy,  with 
■Dopjof  Kold-ranbinideredcloth.    A  purdah,  orcanoi^. 


'  IT017,  uasd  0DI7  when  the  aun  ia  below 


AkbU,  J.  W.,  46  Clarendon  Street,  Somen  Unm— 
Designsr. 

Honumental  tablet  in  brasa,  to  the  memory  of  the 
offlcera  of  Lord  Hardlnge'a  ataff,  who  fell  in  the  battles  of 
the  Satlq ;  produced  b;  direction  of  Lord  Hardioge, 
and  intended  to  be  aeut  to  India.  The  omamenta  com- 
posed from  Oriental  poems.  Elzliiblting  a  new  method  of 
relief,  and  a  new  colouring  material. 


A  YontA  nettog  aft«r  the  chase. 


B^MEi,  WiuXIlM,  13  Om^bargh  Street,  Jtjmt**  Pari 
Coloaaal  atatue  of  Sir  WUIUm  Follett. 


Bell.  Johm,  15  Doitn  Street,  Victoria  Road,  Ketuington. 

—Producer. 

Shakipere:  a  statue  in  plaster.     The  likeness  from  the 

bust  over  the  poet'i  tomb  at  Stratford -on- Avon,    This 

•tatue  is  repreeenl«d  in  the  annoied  cut  (next  column). 

Hndel  for  statue  of  Lord  Falkland,  executed  in  marble 
for  the  new  palace,  WsatinioBter. 


BuNi  Bbothebs,  &  T.  Sbaipb— Produeen. 
Ornamental  chimnej-piece. 

BuicctAHi,  D,,  5  Little  R-okII  ^fre^l— Haitu&«turer. 
Plartar  cast  of  "Apollo  BalTedere,"  from  the  original 


tt>  imitate  marble. 


Catun,  Gxobok,  6  H',i/tr/oo  Place— Deagaer 

and  Proprietor. 

Model  of  the  Falls  of  Niagara,  in  composition,  deugned 

from  an  actual  and  minute  surrey  made  b;  the  eihibitoi 


in  1B27.  This  model  strictly  lllostntea  nearly  a  mile 
■quare  around  the  Falls,  showing  both  catanct<i,  with 
every  houw,  bridge,  tree,  mck,  factory,  island,  and  other 
characteristic  fuaturc.  The  gradual  wearing  down  of  the 
bed  of  rock  orer  which  the  vast  volume  of  water  pours  ia 


[OrncuL  iLLDnsATKD  Catavoovk.) 


CaulFEBNOWHE,  Henbt,  DaHiiijtoH  Hamt,  Totaei — 
Proprietor. 

Polished  coliuniie  of  madrepora  toarble,  ^th.  Caen 
tloae  capitals. 

Spociiueu  of  the  marble,  with  one  (ride  poliabed,  show- 
injf  the  coostituent  pebblon  aud  niMlreporea  imbedded  in 
calcareous  ck^. 

The  quamea  produce  blocks  up  to  twelTo  feet  by  four 
feet  on  the  bod,  and  two  feet  in  thicltness;  and  othara 
Tarying  in  length  and  thickness.  This  marble  ie  odaptod 
for  Bcdemutii^,  architectural,  and  domestic  decomtKiDS. 


CuNDT,  S.,  Belgrade  Wharf,  Pini/t-o— Producer. 

A  restoration  ofa  portion  of  the  monumeut  of  Philippa 
of  Hftinuult,  queen  of  Edward  III.,  in  Weetminster  Abbey, 
Bieoutsd  in  English  alabaster  from  the  drawings  nud  under 
the  direction  of  Mr.  G.  O.  Scott,  and  from  the  i^maina 
Ihnt  have  bean  found  embedded  in  an  adjoining  tomb. 

This  monument  wm  eiacuted  in  the  year  la70,  by  i 
"  Hanldn  Liege,  from  France,"  at  a  cost  of  1331,  Ga.  i 
or,  when  converted  into  our  present  currency,  about 
^,000/.  The  character  of  the  work  throughout  rfiows  the 
hand  of  a  foreign  artist.  The  nicbes  were  oceupied  by 
thirty-two  statucttea,  representing  different  branches  of 
the  family,  of  which  a  nearly  nccurate  list  ia  preserved. 
The  atatuBtteg  seen  In  the  portion  exhibited  (which  re- 
presents the  head  of  the  altar  tomb)  are  those  of  Edward 
the  Black  Prince,  Lewis  Emperor  of  Germany,  Kmg 
Edward  III.,  John  King  of  France,  and  Williaju  Earl  of 
Hainault. 

Besides  the  e£B 
wferrod  to,  there 
tabernacle  work  and  other  parte ;  so  that  "the  whole 
ruDDument  contained  not  leaa  than  80  figures,  which, 
&om  their  remainii,  appear  to  have  been  admirable  work; 
of  art.  The  monument  U  now  in  a  state  of  great  dilapi- 
dation. The  Btatuettea  and  onge'-  '  '' 
CTere  executed  by  Ur.  John  Philip, 


Divis,  Edw^bo,  17  Susatll  P/acfi,  FittreySiiuirt— 

Bronze  statue  of  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Rutland,  for 
the  market-place  at  Leicester. 

Group  in  marble  of  Venus  and  Cupid. 
Alto-relievo  in  marble,  the  Vii^o  and  CSiild. 


DiQHTON,  Thomas  Diudeh,  25  Collegt  SIreel, 
Wetim  instcT — Prod  uoer. 

Model  of  the  interior  of  Her  M^jesiys  Theatre,  to  a 
scale  of  three -quartets  of  on  inch  to  a  foot. 

General  dinienaionB  of  Uie  theatre:  from  the  proaoe 
nium  to  the  back  of  boxes,  at  front  of  the  house,  BB  foot ; 
diameter  across  the  house  to  back  of  boies,  7a  feet ;  height 
from  the  pit  floor  to  ceiling,  56  feet. 

Sitting  room;  in  boiea,  87o;  pit,  ,'KK';  gallery  and 
■tails,  800;  Blips,  32;  pit  stulla,  ■22-2.  Total,  B.JiH  The 
house  will  hold  3.000. 

[The  interior  of  thia  theatre  was  entirely  ^novated  in 
the  year  16*3,  in  the  style  of  the  Italian  antbeiquei  of 
the  fifteenth  century.  The  figurative  paintings  iu  boat 
of  the  boiea  were  committed  to  the  catq  of  Mr.  J.  PovraU, 
artist,  and  his  aaaistants;  the  arabesque  onuunento  to 
Mr.  Sang;  the  whole  being  executed  from  the  d«igna  ind 
under  the  superintendence  of  Mr.  John  Johnson,  F.8  A 
Arehitect,  9  John  Street,  Adelphi.]  '   '    "' 


EuMH,  JoBH,  Eau.  of,  1  Mamilton  Place,  1 
Proprietor. 

"  The  Etldon  and  Stowell  group,"  being  a  coloaal  wotk 
la  marble,  repreaenting  two  celebrated  brother* — Jah% 
first  Earl  of  Eldun,  for  nearlySo  ysan  Lord  Hi^  Chin- 
ccllor  of  Great  Britain,  and  William  Baron  BtowcU,  te 
29  yearn  Judge  of  the  High  Court  of  Admiial^  <d 
England.  This  group  is  represented  in  the  aooompainiig 
Plate. 

The  work  was  designed  and  modelled  by  the  lab 
Hui^T^ve  Leiotbwaite  Wataon,  Esq.,  and  has  beeo  eie- 
cute<l  in  marble  and  completed  by  Uoorse  Nelaoo,  Eai. 
Kacb  statue  is  wrought  out  of  a  single  block  of  marble^ 
and  the  whole  weighs  30  tons. 


KnOrL,  JosiTB,  37  Btrnen  Shtet,  Oxford  Btrttl — 
Produoer. 

Group  in  marble  (the  property  of  His  Royal  niuUliiMS 
the  Prince  Albert).  An  episode  in  the  history  of  tb* 
war  between  the  Anuizons  and  the  Argouautd,  vit .  A 
riater  in  arms  cornea  to  the  rescue  of  an  Amazon  fighting 
with  ua  Argonaut,  who  lies  prostrate  at  thoii-  feet.  On 
the  [Kiint  of  inSictmg  a  deadly  blow,  she  is  ristrsiaed  bj 
her  wounded  companion,  who,  struck  with  symiBthy  for 
his  fallen  state,  drops  her  resentment  and  yields  to  pi^; 
love  at  length  becoming  the  dominant  passion  of  her  aooL 
This  group  Is  represented  in  the  accompouying  Plate  Hi. 


Fou:r,J.H.,  h..S..k.,l^OtnabvrghStr»et,BegatetF>ri 

— Designer  and  Producei'. 

A  youth  at  a  stream.    The  folloning  uignving  rein- 

-    this  statue. 


EiBLE,  laoHAS,  1    Vi^icnl  Strfft,  (hingloH  Square— 

Designer. 
Mo<lel---Jacob  and  Rachel:  "And  Jacob  kissed  Rachel, 
and  (iftod  up  his  voice,  and  wept."— (J«T«aii  xiii.  11. 

E1.KIMOTOS  &  Oo.,  Birmnu,linm—Wmabet<iien 
Colossal  head  of  a  horse,  mo.lelled  by  the  Baron  Ma- 
tochutti.— Electro -deposit.  -  'TT'W  :;'V  ""-"t"^  uaiupoi 

Bu*t  of  Prince  Albert,   the  Duke  of  WalliTurt-m    ..^      for  the  New  Palace  of  Wertminstei 
the  late  Sir  R.  Peel   Bart  Wellington,  and     sented  u>  the  aooomponyiag  PUtc 

TheMothar 


Model  for  the  statue  of  Uanipdcn 
for  the  New  Palace  of  W    '     * 


215.         UK.    J.    WEWTMACOTT. 


Fc»BBr,  Ajoomm  H.,  33  Catit  Strwt,  Leicetttr  3- 
Statua  in  plMt<r  of  Fuii — "  Tbe  Fonakan." 


VMt  Mnt>  JWM^"  l»^  OHfr,.' 


[^rt  All  Salnti'  bolidiir  even  nor  foiu  by, 
I  a«  ■  SUknlng  or  damwli  1 

lU  I^n  wUb  k«  battif  hn  eompuT  ! 
A  !!■■■  tntnad  ^>rwl  thnuh  Iwr  nwfhit  an 
Mi^  lik*  Iki  ipMt  la  llTinf  In  Oml  dwillij 
Ouiu  villi  tw  meak  nonae  which  pmafli 
ir«ilaAt.    1  ur  u  BMl  tiTIHy, 
Ai  A»  r*a*d  w^nM  JTwa. 
Thia  atatae  ia  rapwanjad  in  Um  VMt  151. 


HouJKl,  Peteb,  fH-muigAam — D«aigner  and 
Modeller. 
A  coloasal  group — The  Uurdsr  of  the  InnocenU. 


I.  Eea.,  1L.V.,  1  0 
Proprietor. 


Tbe  largeat  Imown  pearl,  weighing  3 
^raina;  length  2  ina.,  dreumfereDce  4j  ioa 
in  opal,  t)|iii.  long  b;  IA  in.  bi 
S  Murat'a  aword.    llie  hilt  of 


Vei7  aoaroe  varietj  of  amethjat,  from  TnnarlTania. 

Two  emeralds,  engivTsd  and  airangad  aa  a  vmaigretto. 
Their  joint  weight  IS3  graina. 

"  Le  Saphir  Merreilleui."  S^tphire,  of  an  amethyitine 
oolour  by  candleli^t. 

CrTBtal  conlainins  a  drop  of  water. 


a  atz-rayed  alar.     Weight 


Q<Ad-ooloured  cata  eye. 

Aateriaa  aappbire,  ahowing  a 
334  graina. 

Sapphiro,  amethjat^  topai,  brown  diamond,  emerald, 
lUid  two  jacyntha. 

liBigeat  known  cat's  eye,  taken  from  the  king  of  Eaady 
when  conquered. 

Heiicaii  opal,  engraved  with  the  &oe  of  tlie  Sun. 

Engraved  J  acynth.    Antique. 

"  '  jacynth  ring  of  Popes  Oregoty  ZIII.  and 


Riia 


Engraved  ji 

■aVII. 

Turquoise,  with  Fersiui  writing. 

Carbuncle  or  garnet. 

Diamond  cut  against  the  gnun. 

Engraved  <Ata  eye. 


lulled  gi 


Two-ooloured  topaa. 
Irish  beryl,  or  aquiuui 
Baryl,  or  aquamarioe. 
En^avsd  diohroit*. 
Peuls. 

Aiteriaa  ruby. 
OmJs. 

White  topai. 
Green  diamond. 
Turquoise. 
Turquniae  in  the  mati 


MbiaNova. 

Jacynth. 

EmeiaJd. 

Sun^tones. 

Opals. 

Tounnaline. 


MISCELLANEOUS  OBJECTS. 
Haw  Avbnvb. 


LotNffi,  Jo&IT  ObaHUI,  42  Hireaoad  Sqtart — 
Deaigner  and  Bculptor. 
Fighting  honei.    Jaoloiuy  of  Oberon. 
Tlie  Fair;  QuMO  (Titaiu>)  &om  Sbakipere'a  "  Midra 
mer  Niglit'a  Diwm,"  act  it.,  aceue  1.     Thii  tMat 
repieaepted  in  tha  annexed  iUustration. 


Arid. 

noJMliwbh  „ _... 

Thii  etttua  ia  repr«Mnted  la  the  illaatiatiao,  next 

Fuck,  from  Shalupere.  Thil  atatne  ia  rapiweiitad  in 
tha  (iDgraTing,  p.  851. 

"  The  ardangel  Miohael,  harii^  subdued  Satan," — 
Hilbcm.     The  accompanying  Plat«,  St,  repreunta  thii 

The  HonraerB. 

Mac  Dowku,  Patkicx,  R.A.,  TS  a  Vargani 
Strtet,  Cmmdith  Bquan — Soulptor. 
ColoeaLl  group  of  Vii^inlui  and  daughter,  in  marble. 
Cupid,  in  marble.     Ere,  a  modo]. 
A  girlpniTing. 

Mauhall,  W.  Calder,  A.R.A.,  «  Elxrg  SIrtcl, 
Eaton  £guarc— Sculptor. 
Model  for  a  statue  in  bronze  of  Dr.  Jetuer,  the  tntro- 
duoer  of  vaccination,  pnjpoeed  to  bo  erected  ■■  a  tribute 
to  hia  meriU  by  all  natloDB. 
Zephvr  and  Aurora. 
The  Dancing-girl  rapoaitig. 


Math^  Aisiahd^  Amnxw,  30  Ortat  MmUtnagi 

Street — Deaigner  and  Sculptor. 
An  elaborate  carved  Gothic  inoiliiiiuat  and  Parbect 
t  iatlMMffrK^kh 


HnjA,  P.  H.,  U  BloanfM 
Senlptor. 
TheOrphani. 


Jlrraw,  JNhJfeB  - 


HiLKB,  T.,  JiMPtaei  Eeat,  Eatbm  S 
Dedgner  and  Scalptor. 
Model  of  a'SohMMJ  ttatne  of  the  Doke  ol 
erected  in  the  Tower  of  London. 


pAMntMO,  C,  A.R.B.A.,  Qau»8q¥wtWmt,  DaMi 
—Senlptor. 
Clay  model,  an  original  deMgn,  tlim  fkou  the  lib«m- 
tlon  of  Caractacna — hiatoir  of  Kigtand. — "  Whf  e 
tumble  cotta^  fn  IMtain,  whikt  you  hav  - 


me  an  humble  cottage  fa 
Tart  magnifloenoe  at  hom 


Pbtuck,  Bswakd  Jakks,  6  Qlouctiter  Ptacr, 
NtK  Soad—Dtn^vt  and  Hodeller. 

Stirifbt  to*w4  HfBTVB  BT  wondarCnf  aT«  I  tani^d. 

And  gu'd  nvhlla  tbc  uiilt  •ki,  lUl  nii'd 

Bf  qdck  iMUBitit*  aHdia  nr  /  v^inv-— 'v- 'at.  teak 


I 


I 


MISCELLANEOUS  OttraCTO. 
Hadi  Avkktjb. 


Salteb,  Stephen,  Elmr  Cotlniji,  tiamtaertmith 
— ModeUer. 

Model  of  St.  Nicholas'  church,  now  erecting  at  Ham- 
hui7,  carved  by  hand  in  crayon  paper  made  into  cardboard. 
Thia  material  ia  Baid  to  be  luperior  to  piaster  for  atmngth 
and  portabilitf . 

Model  of  Dinting  Vale  Viaduct  oq  the  Sheffield  and 
Maochaeter  railway :  also  carved  by  hand  in  crayon  paper 
cardboard,  and  ahowing  atl  the  details  of  the  timber, 
bracing,  Ac.  The  viaduct  is  conEtruct«d  for  the  purpose 
of  carrjing  the  railway  over  a  vride  and  deep  falle;  near 
Qlossop,  in  Derbjihire. 

[The  five  Urge  arches  of  the  EKnting  Vale  Viaduct  are 
each  1 25  feet  tpan  and  35  feet  riae ;  the  total  Icogth  of  the 
viaduct  ii  4S4  yards,  and  its  heightaborebrookis  125  feet. 
It  was  erected  in  184.1-4,  and  coat  35.350/.  The  mode  of 
constmcting  arehee  with  laminated  deals  suggested  itself 
to  Mr.  Green,  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  in  1827-6,  and  the 
prindple  has  since  been  eiteosively  employed  both  for 
bridges  and  roofs. — S.  C] 

Model  ofabridgeereclAd  acmes  the  river  Ouse,  at  Selby, 
in  Yui^hire,  in  the  line  of  the  Hull  anil  S«Iby  railway; 
also  carved  by  hand,  in  cn^yon  papvr  cardboard,  and  show- 
ing ail  the  details  of  the  roacbinerv,  ironwork,  Ac.  The 
bridge  is  of  cast  iron,  consisting  of  six  ribs  in  width;  the 
opening  arch  is  formed  of  two  leaves  worked  upon  a  cen- 
tre carrintco,  with  tnil-pieces  acting  as  counter-balancee  for 
assisting  tho  opctiina  and  xhutting:  this  is  accomplished 
by  an  iron  scRment  of  (I  feet  nulius,  firmly  fixed  upon  the 
main  shaft,  worked  by  a  system  of  nheels  so  adapted  that 
one  man  can  raise  or  lower  eithpr  leaf  of  the  bridge  in  W 


Ibbetson,  Ctrr.,  LL.B.,  Cl^tm  Emae,  Brompton — 

ProduosT. 

T^igonometrioal  model  of  the  Undereliff',  W»  of  WigU, 

from  a  trigonometrical  survey,  the  vsrtical  height!  being 

on  thiS  same  scale  as  the  base. 

Jordan,  — ,  Producer, 
moehine  earving: — Altar  acreen,  designed 
Harris;  chaira;  c«rved  trophy  of  birds;   foliage; 
tee,    tai.      TUa   scraen  is   repnamted    in    the 
Plate  99.  

LxasKW,  J.,  1  Sf.  Albm'f  Hood,  KtimtgUm— 
Produoar. 
Sainion  bunting  his  bonds. 
Group :  Milton  and  his  daughtan. 


hEOCBOdt,  Henkt  Stobmodth,  33  Ifewman  Sired — 

Designer  and  Sculptor. 
Onmp  in  plaster,   "Riipoh  wKtohing  over  the  dead 
bodioi  of  her  eon*." — 2  Samuel  zxi.  10. 


95        LiTKBPOOL  Local  ConirrEE,  Tbm  Ifall, 
Licerpool — Proprietors . 

Tho  Port  of  Liverpool—*  soano  of  British  industry. 
This  model,  which  npreMnta  a  sea  wall  of  five  miles, 
at  a  aoilo  of  d^  net  to  the  mile,  was  made  for  the 
Qrsat  Indqriiial  Exhibition  of  all  Nations,  18SI .  Jt  em- 
braces the  whole  of  the  docks,  about  300  acres;  and 
abont  one-third  of  the  town — the  commercial  portion. 
The  building!  are  all  modelled  with  great  accuracy  and 
care.  It  iocludes  tha  three  great  stations  of  the  London 
and  North  Weatem  Rulway,  and  one  of  the  Lancashire 
and  Torksbire  Bailway,  the  Town  Hall,  Custom-houae, 
Sailor*!  Home,  aeveral  churches,  and  Bt.  George's  Usll, 
said  to  be  the  finest  Grecian  building  in  Ekigland.  The 
water  and  docks  are  formed  of  ptJe  green  glaas,  sil- 
vered. The  lUps  are  neatly  modelled  and  completely 
tigged.  The  docks  and  river  contain  the  usual  quintity 
coveeaels,  together  with  about  sixty  steamers  and  smsil 
craft.  The  streets  and  quays  are  covered  with  carta, 
cars,  omnibuses,  men,  and  merchandise. 

The  model  is  contained  in  a  beautiful  glass  case,  aur- 
mounted  by  ststuettcs,  representing  two  of  the  local 
itaonumenta,  Canning  and  Hnskisaon.  with  Britannia  taken 
from  the  figure  on  ^e  dome  of  the  Town  Hall.  Thecnso 
is  supportM  by  fourteen  elephants  and  twenty  columns 
standing  on  a  jilintJi.  It  is  accompanied  by  an  index 
map,  on  vrhich  is  the  following  table : — 

Rise  and  Pro-Jrctt  rtf  Licfrpool. 


Population  .     .     .     .  \  m 

Tonnage       .     .    Tons  id 

Number  of  Veasels     .  I 

Dock  Dues  ...   £  ..              600         311,743 

Tovra  Dues  ...   £  20              379            91,000 

Amount  of  Customs  £  273        70,000      3,366,2M 

Income  of  the  Cor-  if.  „ 
porations.             )*' 

The  model  was  projected  by  John  Grantham,  C.E., 
and  superintended  by  a  committee.  The  accompanying 
lithograph  represents  this  model. 


M'CAlrrHT.  Hahilton,  17  Albert  Termer,  Knigtit^iriii/e 

—-Sculptor,  Dorigner,  and  Modeller. 
Group  of  deer-stalking.    Group.    Cnloaaal  head  nf  % 


FOTTER,  T.— Producer. 
Bpiadril  from  Hareford  Ckthednl,  designed    , 
CottinghMii;  oarvgdbyBoulton  and  Swalea.    BiMaMet, 


&0.    BMm  leoten  for  Hersford  CsUudnl,  dvigned  b; 
Cottingbam;  executed  by  the  eihibitor.     The  fbUosw 


PoUn'i  tti.nranl 


PlJU»T,  ChIUXI  WtLUAM.  Wanrick  Strwt,  Pimliix— 
DeaigDer  and  Executor. 

Gothic  monument,  af  the  decorated  style ;  period,  four, 
teenth  century:  the  inscription  tablet  lepmenlA  a  roll  of 
parchment,  supported  b;  two  angele,  See.  At  the  bottom 
li  an  angel  with  a  shield,  supporting  the  whole;  there  a 
a  canopy  over  the  top,  ricU;  carved. 


Bon,  Hon,  Habbivt  U.,  Bladen^urg,  BMttrOiOr, 
Ireland — ^DeaigDer  and  Sculptor. 
Monumental  Irish  cross,  of  Caen  stoae,  illustrating,  in 
bw-relief,  portions  of  Holy  Writ:  Hossi  raising  the  ser- 
pent, Abel's  sacrifice,  Noah  entering  the  ark,  the  tnuis- 
htiott  ot  £IiJah,  and  the  head*  nt  tne  pmp^teta  \*w«h, 
Jerfoath,  EmUvI,  and  Daniel. 


The  New  Teabunent  subjects  are  the  Cnidflxion,  th« 
Return  of  the  Prodigal  Son,  the  Oood  Sbc^ifaard.  Ibr 
ReaiirrectioD,  and  the  heads  of  St.  Pat«r,  Ett-  Jidin,  St. 

Junes,  and  St.  Paul. 


Sixixr,  John,  ErppelSme,  XwfotKf— Haan&ctuTCr. 

Fountain,  suitable  for  the  markst-plaoa  of  a  provindal 
town;  artificial  atone,  tested  for  twenty  years.  Iteistersd 
design  by  J.  W.  Papworth,  wclutect,  U  Great  Marlbo- 
rough Street.  The  accompanying  Plate  83,  rapnsento 
this  fountain. 

SiBSON,  Hgkrt,  1:>  ntmro  Coltaget,  St.  Jolbt't  Wo«d-~ 

Designer  and  Pn^prietor. 
A.  mcumbmit  full-siied  figure  in  plastOT  of  hrk— 
1  "T\\«  iyai%Sn\V'n«^*»4*"a^i>oi'' 


i 


MISCELLANEOUS  OBJECTS. 
Main  Avenhb. 


STErHEm,  Edwabd  B.,  27  Upper  Belgnnt  Place, 
Pimlioa — Designer  aiid  iDventor. 
titXaa  temptitig  E<n:  aee  Hilton's  pBradiu  Loot. 


•  •  •  doaullwaUDtBfa, 

Aw; lag  hj  hb  dnilhk  nt  w  Mch 
The  ufuu  dT  brf  taaej. 
Hk-atchet  iatoDded  for  the  decoration  of  »  pedestal  for 
Satan  t«uptiDg  Rtb. 
Satan  vulquijihed  by  the  Ai«luiigel  (lee  Rer.  xx.). 
A  Deer-italker. 


ThoMai,  J.,  Old  CianA  Street,  Paddaigton  and  Sac  Patoee, 
H'ertinBUtir — Architect  and  Sculptor. 

Statuei  of  Ronamonda  and  Amphitrite.  BronEe  sta- 
tuette of  Ariel  directing  the  storm.    Statuette  of  Charity. 

The  statue  of  RosuDonda  ia  repreeented  in  the  aooom' 
panying  Plate  150. 

Model  (if  fountain,  ooraprising  ahella  and  marine  plants, 
surruunded  by  four  Tritons,  and  aurmounted  with  a 
group  of  Acis  and  Qalatea.  The  accompanying  Plate 
'*  thia  fountain. 


Thomas,  J.  S.,  7  Lover  btlgravt  PJoc*— Sculptor. 
Model  of  a  ooloaaal  atatue  of  the  late  Harquia  of  But«. 


THoBHiCBorr,  Tbo>ai  »ud  Habt,  39  iSlonAcipf  ^rMt. 

Jliimpttcad  Boad — Sculptors. 
Clauioal  group,  the  jealousy  of  Uedeo.  < 

Historical  group,  AUred  the  Qreat  reoeivliig  &wm  hi* ' 
mother  the  tiot^t^  Saxon  poetry.  ! 


Equeatrian  statue  of  Her  Htyestrtha  Queen  riding  on 
her  favourite  charger  Hammon.  This  atatue  is  repia- 
sanlad  in  the  annexed  Plate  145. 

Walleb,  UeMTS.,  13  Naeland  Street,  fUtro]/  S^aar^ 
— Produoet. 
Eieouted  deugn  far  monumental  brass  to  form  part  of 
an  altar  tomb.  The  subjects  in  the  shaffai  of  the  canopy 
ore  taken  from  Hatt.  ixt.  35,  36;  and  consist  of  tno 
Act  of  Hercy;.  That  in  the  pediment,  the  story  of  the 
Oood  Samaritan.  On  the  apex  is  a  group  repraent- 
ing  Charity;  asd  OD  the  brackets  ara  «al!ieoU  Erom 
Psalm  xoy.  10. 


Walus,  Capt.,  R.N.- 
Vases  of  Swedish  poiphyiy,  presotted  by  the  King  of 
Sweden  to  the  late  General  &r  B.  WDaon. 


Walton,  W.,  Carrtra — Sculptor.    Agents,  Jomt 

WuoKr,  Pmliao;  TooTAi.  &  Baowti,  Pimiioi, 

•nd  73  Picoadilly. 

Statue  of  Victory,  modelled  bv  Frofnaor  Bauch,  of 

Berlin;  the  original  in  the  kin^a  palace.    In  Canw* 

marble. 

WEnxB,  Hkhbt,  2d  Loaer  Belgrm*  PXnov— Soulpter. 
Plaster  group,  the  Suppliant. 

Statue  of  the  Haruuis  of  Wellesley,  executed  In  mar- 
ble for  the  Honourable  East  India  Company. 
"  Beating  after  a  run,"  portr-'*  "'  "'"  B— ' 
A  Sleeping  Child  and  Dog. 


WackM^  "SlMpiBf  OiiU  *Dd  De|.' 


WlU/MX,  E.  P.,  &  Co.,  Ladyahore,  Botton-U-Moor^— 
Jibnufacturers. 

A  model  of  a  decorated  Uothic  church  built  in  the  y««r 
IB4-J,  At  Lever  Bridge,  Bolton,  lAncashire,  and  deaignod 
by  Edniund  Shorpe,  Esq.,  architect.  The  church  ia 
almost  entirely  built,  both  inside  and  out,  with  Lady- 
shore  terra-cotta.  The  pulpit,  rewling-doiik,  benches 
(which  ore  all  open).  orgiui-Huroeu,  and  the  whole  of  the 
devontiuDs,  arc  made  of  terra-cotto.  The  church  will 
hold  about  '■*>'}  |ii.-miu»,  and  coat  something  under  3,000(. 
The  niudel  in  nil  torra-cutta,  and  made  on  a  scale  of  two 
IDchea  to  unv  foot. 

This  nioilcl  is  eihibiti.-<l  with  the  eolo  view  of  drawing 
attviition  to  thu  niatori&l  an  oilaptod  to  arcliitecta'  ami 
Iniildcn'  purpiiecs,   and  not  as  a  Bpocinieo  of  Sotluc 


0  to  75  per  oeot.  Ie«i 


WooDlNOTON,  WnxLAM  Fkxdeucx,  3  ClurlMe  Place, 

Ui^iO-  KennirujtOH  Lout — Soidptor. 
Young  Qirl  at  the  Spnng, 


WrilT,  jAXBi,  33  Dudley  Onvt,  PaJdmgtcit, 
and  33  Spital  S^wr*— Sculptor. 
Equotrian  statues  of  Her  Mqesty  the  Qaaro  and  of 
U.  B.  H.  Prince  Albert,  full  siie,  designed  for  bronie. 

W»ATT,  M.  C,  TA*  (7rt«,  Poiftyloit— Deaigner 

and  Scmlptnr. 

Eijucotrian  group  in  brODiey  life  line:  The  Uuiso  and 


854 


MISCELLANEOUS  OBJECTS, 
Main  Avenue. 


Wtatt  &  Brandon,  77  Oreai  Russell  Street,  Bhamtbuty 

— ^Architects. 
Model  in  card  (by  Mr.  Stephen  Salter,  Elvar  Cottage, 
Hammersmith,  Ix)ndon)  of  the  new  church  of  St.  Muy 
and  St.  Nicholas,  at  Wilton,  in  the  county  of  Wilts, 
erected  by  the  Right  Honourable  ^dney  Herbert,  M.P., 
^m  the  design  of  the  exhibitors,  llie  exterior  is  entirely 
of  stone,  and  interior  decorated  with  marble,  mosaic,  and 
painted  glass.  It  is  the  first  example  of  the  introduction  of 
the  Romanesque  style  of  architecture  into  this  coimtry. 
Its  length  is  156  feet,  the  breadth  60  feet,  height  of  nave 
54  feet,  and  of  campanile  120  feet. 

Model  in  card  of  the  new  assize  courts  for  the  coimty, 
erected  at  Cambridge,  from  the  designs  of  the  exhibitors. 
The  exterior  of  the  principal  front  is  of  Whitby  stone,  and 
the  fittings  of  the  interior  are  of  oak.  The  principal  feature 
of  the  defldgn  is  the  arcade,  which  is  adopted  in  preference 


to  the  more  usual  one  of  the  portico,  for 
convenience  and  protection. 


pnhl 


Wtatt,  M.  C,  The  Grove,  Faddmgtfm^Dealfpme 

and  Sculptor. 
Qroup  and  pedestal — ^mosaic  sculpture:  "  Tli«  fttthi 
friend  of  man  trampling  under  foot  bit  moat  ii 
enemy."  

Four  tables  and  pedestal  of  inlaid  mazble. 


Qothio  vase  in  terra-cotta. 


Rustic  chair  formed  of  knots  of  wood. 


Specimens  of  newspapers  published  in  Amerks. 


END    OF    UNITED   KINGDOM. 


OFFICIAL 


escriptik  aitJr  |IIu5tratelr  Catebgwc. 


BRITISH  COLONIES  AND  DEPENDENCIES. 


S  R 


^ 


BRST3SH  POSSESSIONS     (f 
N  ASIA. 


INPIA.— CEYLON 


EAST     INDIES. 


"  Inhia,  vaat  Id  cxt(!nt  and  ilivcrailicil  in  eiirraco,  is  remarkable  as  llie  cradle  of  one,  at  least,  o(  the  Dationn  who 
«aflie*t  iiracti&ad  the  arts  and  cuUivateil  the  sciences  which  characterise  civilization,  and  from  whence  Ihcss 
trarellod  to  the  West,  anil,  |>crlia]iH,  also  lo  the  East,  lis  present  inliabitants  ctsiliuue  to  venerate  sciencna 
which  tbey  know  only  by  name,  wiil  practise  arts  of  which  they  know  not  the  principles ;  and  this  with  a  skill 
not  only  remarkable  fur  the  early  i>eriod  at  which  it  attained  perrection,  but  aUo  Tor  the  manner  in  which  it  hoi 
remained  stationary  for  so  many  ascs.  But  when  Commerce  was  in  its  inrancy,  or  dealt  only  in  the  mo«t  pro- 
etouH  commodities,  these  arts  could  not  have  been  practised  unleu  India  had  contained  within  itself  all  the  raw 
materials  which  Art  could  convert  into  useful  articles  or  elegant  ornaments.  Without  cotton,  the  so-called 
'  webs  of  woven  air '  could  have  had  no  existence.  Without  numerous  harks,  woods,  and  flowers,  djeinR  could 
not  have  lieen  practised,  and  calico-printing  would  proVably  not  have  lieen  invented.  If  an  Indigofera  had  not 
been  indigenous,  indigo  would  never  have  derived  its  name  from  India,  nor  have  afforded  us  the  proof,  in  the 
stri|«  of  nmnmiy-clc)th,  of  the  early  commercial  intercourse  between  its  native  country  and  Kgypt.  Neither 
would  sujnir  have  lieen  arranged  by  the  Ureeks  with  honeys,  nor  the  Indians  described  as  those  who  '  bilnint 
lenera  dulces  «b  arundino  buccob,'  unless  tliey  liad  had  the  cane-like  sacclianini  as  a  [ilant  of  their  country. 
Neither  in  Persia  would  the  proverb  of '  ffiving  an  Indian  answer,'  have  been  considered  equivalent  to  a  cut  with 
an  Indian  sword,  unless  tlie  Hindoos  hail  imnseiwed  the  ore  which  enabled  lliem  to  manufacture  their  far~rame<l 
tatdz  steel ;  anil  pin|J0wilcr  is  likely  to  liavc  been  invented  at  an  early  ajjc  only  in  a  country  where  '  villanous 
saltfietre'  is  nlmnilaut. 

"  Besides  these,  India  possenaes  an  immense  number,  both  of  aiiitnal  and  of  vegetable,  as  well  as  of  tninoral 
■ubatAnces,  well  fitteil  for  arts  and  maim  fact  ii  res  of  every  kind  ;  and  the  country  has  often  been  descriheii  as 
capable  of  ])Riducins,  within  its  own  limits,  almost  all  the  useful  products  of  every  other  quarter  of  the  globe. 

"  Tlierc  a|i|iear  oidy  two  available  methods  by  which  a  manufacturer  can  l«  made  acquainted  with  the 
existence  of  foreipi  proilucts  likely  to  lie  useful  in  his  business ;  one  is,  by  the  collection  of  such  information  as 
is  obtainable  n.'ii[icclinL!  thein,  and  arnuigini;  it  according  to  the  most  proniiiieiit  projerties  of  such  aubstanci's. 
When  these  are  no  arraiiijed,  it  is  comjiara lively  easy  for  any  one  to  ancertain  whether  India,  or  any  other 
fbreijai  country,  conlaitw  any  useful  or  omntiicntal  product  which  might  be  employed  instead  of,  and  be  chi«per 
than,  that  already  in  use. 

"  l(ut  vrith  the  most  sim{ile  arrangement  and  clearly-conveyed  informatioi 
feel  little  interest  alnnt  unknown  natural  products  and  their  strange  nam 
aeeiuK  and  of  |ienionally  examining  them.     Then  a  glancu  of  his  prscliseil  e 
new  substance,  infomis  him  whether  it  is  likely  to  be  of  use  for  his  purimses. 
substances,  an<l  arran^iii:!  them  also,  as  above,  according  to  their  properties. 
e  to  interest  the  public  and  lo  pve  such  confidence  to  the  manufacturer  as  tt 


□  the  manufacturer  generally  would 

es,  unless  he  had  an  opjnrtunity  of 

eye,  or  the  slightcBl  handling  of  a 

Tho  collection,  therefore,  of  such 

is  the  only  method  calculated  at 

o  induce  him  to  submit  them  to 


trial.  Tlieir  exhiliilion,  therefore,  is  calculated  not  only  to  lie  of  great  use  to  the  manufacturer,  but  of  essential 
benelit  to  such  countries  as  ihhiwbs  many  littlo-known  products  (losseswHl  of  valuable  properties,  and  procurable 
in  lar',:c  ijuantitieii  at  a  chMip  rate,  if  a  ilemand  could  be  create<l  for  lliiiu. 

'*  As  India  produceil  tlie  raw  material  and  mamifaclured  it  into  a  costly  article,  gold  and  silver  have,  from 
the  earliest  times,  Wn  rtittiired  lo  ]iurcliai<c  this  combination  of  tlie  pfts  of  nature  with  the  creations  of  art ; 
but  mechanical  invention  has  depriveil  the  Hindoos  of  many  uf  ijie  advantages  of  their  iiosition,  and  they  have, 
in  a  great  measure,  tost  tho  cummcrce  which  they  had  themselves  crratcil,  eH[>ecinlly  as  some  of  their  products 
were  subjecleil  to  disciimiiLating  duties,  which  aniouiite^l  to  a  prohibition  on  im)>ort  into  this  country.  Hence 
their  fon-iKii  comnuTce  has  not  advaiici-d,  ns  mi;;ht  liave  been  antici|ialc<l,  from  the  enjoj-ment  in  many  parts 
of  long-cmitinneil  ]ieaco.  But  fashion,  which  here  is  as  fickle  as  tlie  wind,  is  in  the  Kast  as  sleaily  ns  their 
monsoons,  and  lias  fortunately  jireserved  some  of  thtiir  putnii  facta  res  in  their  {iristine  excellence,  and  which,  in 
any  general  collection  of  inauufav^turfa,  would  cnahh;  those  of  India  still  to  hold  a  consjiicuous  place," 

The  foregoini;  qiiotatii-ns,  fwui  tbs  oliser  vat  ions  written  by  the  author  of  the  (iresent  note  on  the  first 
announcement,  in  the  summer  of  IHj'.l,  vf  the  (irent  Exhibition  of  IK'il,  indicate  tie  nuture  of  the  contribn- 
tioDs  which  were  liksly  to  be  iiliL-iined  fron)  India,  if  measures  wen-  mliipli-d  suitable  to  the  extent  and  luitural 
riches  of  the  distant  "couiitrv  to  be  exiitored.     The  Court  of  Itlreebirs  of  the  East  India  Coirpanv  wa*  «a».  t* 


858  EAST  INDIES.  [Colokies  a51> 

the  earliest,  if  not  the  very  first,  of  the  public  bodies  of  this  country  applied  to,  to  support  the  ExhibitioD  of 
the  Works  of  Industry  of  all  Nations.  Messrs.  Cole  and  Fuller,  in  their  Report  to  His  Hoyal  Higfaneas  Prince 
Albert,  stated  that  "  The  Chairman  (the  late  Sir  A.  Galloway)  cordially  entered  into  the  propoaalf  as  well  la 
Mr.  Melvill,  Mr.  Peacock,  and  other  officers  of  the  India  House,  who  remarked  that  there  would  be  mntoal 
advantages  of  great  importance  both  to  India  and  this  country ;  to  India,  in  calling  forth  new  products,  Ac, 
and  to  this  country  in  furnishing  suggestions,  <&c.,  and  new  materials  for  manufactuies.**  The  Qiaimttii 
shortly  afterwards  wrote :  "  I  have  the  satisfaction  of  acquainting  you,  for  the  informatioii  of  His  Roytl 
Highness,  that  the  Court  expressed  their  entire  concurrence  in  the  views  which  I  then  suggested,  and  that 
they  will  be  prepared  to  give  their  cordial  co-operation  in  carrying  out  the  wishes  of  His  Royal  Highneaa,  by 
obtaining  from  India  such  specimens  of  the  products  and  manufactures  of  that  country  as  may  tend  to  illus- 
trate its  resources,  and  add  to  the  interest  of  the  Great  National  Exhibition,  of  which  His  Poyal  Highness  is 
the  patron." 

The  author  of  the  present  notice  was  desired  to  submit  his  views  on  the  mode  in  which  the  collection  should 
be  made,  as  well  as  to  prepare  lists  of  the  raw  products  and  manufactured  articles  which  it  was  desiiable 
should  be  sent  from  India.  As  there  was  no  time  to  be  lost,  from  the  great  distance  of  the  country,  and  the 
wide  expanse  between  its  several  provinces,  the  author  employed  himself  in  the  autumn  of  1849  in  preparing 
those  lists,  which  were  sent  to  India  by  the  mail  of  the  7th  of  January,  1850,  when  the  Court  called  Uie  atten- 
tion of  the  Indian  Government  to  the  occasion  when  "  an  opportunity  will  be  afforded  for  the  latent  resources 
of  distant  provinces,  and  the  skill  of  the  least-known  artist,  to  compete  with  the  produce  of  the  moat  favoured 
regions,  or  the  works  of  the  most  successful  genius. 

"  It  is  our  wish,  therefore,  that  the  objects  of  the  proposed  Exhibition  should  be  made  known  as  generally 
as  possible  throughout  India,  and  that  our  several  Governments,  and  those  of  our  servants  whose  station  or 
pursuits  may  afford  the  opportunity  for  their  so  doing,  should  use  their  endeavours  in  order  to  the  formatioD 
of  such  of  the  raw  products  and  manufactures  of  India  as  may  not  only  be  interesting  in  a  scientific  foint  of 
view,  but  may  also  be  subservient  to  the  purposes  of  commerce  and  art. 

"  With  regard  to  raw  products,  we  would  refer  you  to  the  annexed  list  and  accompanying  obacrvations; 
which  have  been  prepared,  under  our  directions,  by  Professor  Royle  ;*  and  in  connexion  with  the  subject 
generally,  we  would  request  your  attention  to  the  letter  from  Mr.  Taylor,  formerly  of  your  medical  service  in 
India,  and  which  appears  to  us  to  contain  some  very  useful  suggestions.*'  (This  referred  to  the  productioos, 
both  raw  and  manufactured,  of  Dacca  and  the  neighbouring  districts.) 

This  despatch  and  lists  were  published  in  the  Government  Gazettes  of  the  three  Presidencies.  Translations 
of  these  documents  were  subsequently  ordered  to  be  made  and  printed  for  distribution  among  the  natives. 
The  Supreme  Government,  in  a  despatch  to  the  other  Governments,  dated  the  22nd  February  1850,  observe, 
"  That  the  object  which  the  Honourable  Court  have  in  view  will  be  most  effectually  obtained  by  entrusting  to 
the  supervision  of  the  several  Local  Governments  all  the  details  of  the  arrangements  which  it  may  be 
necessary  to  make,  such  general  points  only  being  fixed  by  instructions  from  the  Supreme  Government  ss 
may  insure  a  certain  degree  of  uniformity  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Local  Governments,"  Ac. 

"  The  general  plan  of  operations  which  has  suggested  itself  to  the  President  in  Council  is  the  establishment 
of  a  Central  Committee  at  the  seat  of  Local  Government,  and  the  apjjointment  of  as  many  subordinate  Com- 
mittees in  different  parts  of  each  Presidency  as  may  appear  in  the  judgment  of  the  Local  Government  to  be 
called  for."  (Individuals  of  different  classes  of  the  community,  natives  as  well  as  Europeans,  were  directed  to 
be  placed  on  these  Committees.) 

**  The  subordinate  Committees,  as  well  as  the  Central  Committees,  should  each  be  furnished  with  a  copy  of 
the  Honourable  Court's  despatch  and  its  enclosures. 

"  The  subordinate  Committees  should  be  instructed  to  prepare,  with  all  practicable  expedition,  for  trans- 
mission to  the  Central  Committees,  Reports  similar  to  that  furnished  by  Mr.  Taylor  in  the  district  of  Dacca, 
with  lists  of  articles  of  every  description  which  in  their  opinion  it  would  be  desirable  to  transmit  to  the 
Exhibition  from  the  circle  of  country  placed  within  the  range  of  their  Report. 

The  lists  prepared  by  the  different  Local  Committees  were  directed  to  be  sent  to  the  C<jntral  Committee  of 
each  Presidency,  to  be  submitted  to  careful  revision  and  comparison,  and  to  be  embodied  into  one  general  list, 
to  be  transmitted  to  the  Government  of  India. 

"  The  lists  rendered  to  the  Supreme  Government  will  thus  comprise  all  the  articles  which  it  is  proposed  to 
forward  to  England  from  the  whole  extent  of  territory  situated  within  the  limits  of  the  four  Presidencies  of 
Bengal,  Agra,  Madras,  and  Bombay  ;  they  will  also  show  roughly  the  cost  of  procuring  the  articles  ;  and  the 
Supreme  Government  will  thus  be  able  to  form  some  definite  judgment  in  regard  to  the  expense  which  it  will 
be  necessary  to  incur  in  this  undertaking." 

But,  on  a  reference  from  the  Central  Committee,  the  more  elaborate  articles  of  manufacture,  requiring  time 
for  their  ])reparation,  were  at  once  ordered. 

The  Indian  Government,  moreover,  authorized  the  remission  of  export  duty  on  all  articles  that  might  l>e  sent 
by  private  individuals  to  the  Exhibition  under  certificate  of  the  General  Committee,  also  the  payment  of  the 
insurance  charge  on  all  articles  thus  sent ;  and,  in  the  event  of  the  goods  being  sold  in  England,  would  **  not 
desire  to  receive  from  the  owners  either  the  insurance  charge  or  the  amount  of  export  duty  remitted." 

The  Government  also  concurred,  "with  the. Calcutta  Central  Committee,  in  considering  it  advisable  that  it 
should  be  made  generally  known,  that  any  premium  w^hich  may  be  awarded  to  an  article  at  the  Exhibiti<tn 
will  be  given  to  the  party  from  whom  that  article  was  procured  by  the  Government."  They  also  approved  of 
a  notification  being  issued  to  that  effect. 

The  expanse  of  territory  over  which  these  operations  were  to  be  carried  on  and  completed  in  the  course  of  a 
few  months,  in  order  to  give  time  for  the  arrival  of  the  goods  by  sea  round  the  Caixj  of  Good  Hope,  cxtentis 
from  Singai^re  on  the  south  to  Lahore  on  the  north,  and  from  Assam  on  the  east  to  Aden  on  the  west.     The 


*  These  observations  aiid  lists  have  been  republished  by  the  Author  in  his  work  on  the  Culture  and  Commerce  of  Cottoa 
in  India,  IS!)!, 


DBPEKDENcnsa.]  EAST  INDIES.  859 

energy  of  the  Governments,  and  the  efficiency  with  which  the  several  Local  and  General  Committees  have  per- 
form^ their  respective  tasks,  are  self-evident,  from  the  extended  series  of  objects  displayed  in  the  Indian 
compartment  of  the  Exhibition,  and  which  are  sufficiently  complete  to  give  a  good  general  idea  of  the  resources 
of  the  country  and  of  the  habits  of  the  people,  as  well  as  of  their  ingenuity,  skill,  and  taste  as  manufacturers. 
The  only  defect  is  the  absence  of  the  names  of  many  of  the  parties  n*om  whom  the  articles  were  purchased  by 
the  Government  officers,  as  this  may  deprive  some  of  them  of  the  distinction  of  a  reward  to  which  tbe  article 
may  appear  to  be  entitled. 

The  Central  Committee  at  Calcutta  was  pr^ided  over  by  Sir  Lawrence  Peel,  with  Dr.  J.  M*Cleland  as 
Secretary.  The  following  Local  Committees  were  established  within  the  limits  of  the  Bengal  and  Agra  Pre- 
sidencies :— 

Singapore The  Hon.  Lieut.-Colonel  Butterworth,  C.B., 

T.  Oxley,  M.D.,  Secretary. 

Motdmein Major  A.  Bogle. 

Arrakan Captain  A.  P.  Phayre. 

Chittagcng R.  Torrens,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Assam Major  F.  Jenkins ;  Captain  E.  A.  Rowlatt. 

Dacca R.  H.  Mytton,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Moonhedabad      .     .     .     .  T.  Taylor,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  Lieut.  T.  P.  Layard. 

Cuttack F.  GouldsbUry,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Chota  Nagpore    .     .     .     .  J.  H.  Crawford,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  Lieut.  Jas.  Emerson. 

Patna G.  Gough,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  E.  Lushington,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Benares E.  A.  Reade,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Allahabad R.  Temple,  Esq.,  C.S. 

RohUkund H.  Pidcock,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Agra W.  H.  Tyler,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Delhi Sir  T.  Metcalfe,  Bart.,  C.S. 

Meerut C.  Gubbins,  Esq.,  C.S. 

A  Committee  was  further  established,  under  the  Board  of  Administration,  at  Lahore,  consisting  of  R.  Mont- 
gomery, Esq.,  C.S.,  as  President ;  Major  M*Gregor  and  Mr.  H.  Cope  as  Members ;  and  Lieut.  Tronson,  Secretary. 
Articles  from  the  Punjab  generally,  from  Lahore,  Loodianah,  Puttialla,  Saharrunpore,  Jullundur,  Kangra, 
Cashmere,  and  Huzara  were  obtained  by  this  Committee,  and  sent  do^vn  the  Indus  to  Bombay,  whence  they 
were  brought,  via  the  Red  Sea  and  Mediterranean,  to  Southampton. 

Communications  were  also  sent  by  the  Government  of  India  to  the  different  native  Governments  of  Lucknow, 
Nepal,  Gwalior,  Nagpore,  Hyderabad,  &c.,  from  most  of  whom  contributions  have  been  received,  as  enume- 
rated in  the  following  Catalogue ;  and  to  the  Governor-General's  Agent  in  Rajpootana. 

In  the  Bombay  Presidency  a  Central  Committee  was  established,  with  Sir  W.  Yardley  as  President,  Dr. 
Henry  Carter  as  Secretary,  and  Dr.  Gibson  as  Corresponding  Member. 

Local  Committees  were  established  in  Scindc  under  the  Commissioner,  R.  Pringle,  Esq.,  with  Captain 
Preedy  as  President  at  Kurrachce,  and  Sub-Committees  at  Hydrabad  and  Shikarix>re. 

Aden     ...*...  Captain  S.  B.  Haines. 

Ahmedabad  and  Kaira      .  C.  M.  Harrison,  Esq. ;  Assistant-Surgeon  Leaward* 
Surat  and  Broach     .     .     .  W.  C.  Andrews,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  A.  K.  Forbes,  Esq. 
Tannah  and  Butnaghen-y  .  J.  S.  Law,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  Dr.  Grierson. 

Candeish A.  Elphinston,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Ahmednuggar      .     .     .     .  R.  Spooner,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  Captain  Gaisford. 

Poona Col.  Grant,  B.E. ;  J.  H.  Pearl,  Esq. 

Belgaum H.  W.  Reeves,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  Capt.  Shortrede. 

Shdapore J.  D.  Invcrarity,  Esq.,  C.S. ;  R.  Hoskins,  Esq. 

Communications  were  also  sent  to  His  Highness  Meer  Ali  Moorad,  His  Highness  the  Rao  of  Cutch,  to 
Kattywar  through  H.  Lester,  Esq.,  to  Barocla  through  Lieut.-Colonel  Outram,  and  to  Indore  and  Malwa 
generally  throuijh  R.  A.  C.  Hamilton,  Esq.,  the  Resident  at  Indore ;  Sattara  to  H.  B.  Frere,  Esq. ;  Kolaix)ro 
and  Sawrit  Warra,  Major  Jacob.     From  all  which  places  contributions  have  been  received. 

In  the  Madras  Presidency  the  Central  Committee  was  presided  over  by  W.  A.  Arbuthnot,  Esq.,  with  Dr. 
Balfour  as  Secretary  ;  and  Local  Committees  were  e8tabli8he<l  at  the  following  places : — 

Beilaiy,  including  Cuddapah  ami  Kurnool  .  Brigadier-General  Steel,  C.B. 

Canara , T.  L.  Blanc,  Esq. 

Coimbatore E.  B.  Thomas,  Esq. 

Ganjam  and  Vizagapatam   .     .     .     .     .     .  Walter  Elliott,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Bajahmundry^  Gvntnor^  and  Mcutulipatam  ,  Walter  Elliott,  Esq.,  C.S. 

Madura  and  TinnivaUy C.  R.  Bayties,  Esq. 

Trichinopoly  and  Salem T.  E.  J.  Boileau,  Esq. 

Tanjore J.  F.  Bishop,  Esq. 

Malabar H.  V.  Conolly,  Esq. 

Travancore  and  Cochin !Major-Goneral  Cullen. 

Mysore The  Commissioner  of  Mysore. 

The  Central  Committee  of  Madras  express  themselves  j>articularly  indebted  to  the  exertions  of  the  Bcllary 
Local  Committee,  and  to  those  of  the  following  gentlemen : — J.  Rhodes,  Esq.,  Colonel  Tulloch,  C.B.,  Captain 
R.  L.  Ogilvie,  D.  Mayew,  Escj.,  Rev.  C.  F.  Muzzy,  and  Dr.  Wright. 

Hie  Bombay  Government,  in  issuin^i  a  notification  on  the  subject,  dated  10th  April,  1850,  justly  observed — 
•*  An  equally  fiivourable  occiision  is  not  likely  again  to  offer  for  making  Europeans  acquainted  with  many  of 


860 


EAST  INDIES. 


Coi/nnxKAirD 


the  productions  and  numufactures  of  India,  at  present  but  little  known.  The  man  of  scienoe,  the  merdnot, 
the  manufacturer,  and  the  artist  will  be  prompted  to  visit  the  Exhibition  of  1851,  not  so  much  by  curiouty  as 
by  interest,  and  each  and  all  of  them  will  find  their  account  in  encouraging  a  demand  for  such  of  these  i»o- 
ductions  as  may  prove  to  be  valuable  from  their  properties  or  likely  to  be  l»rought  into  request  by  tbeir  inge- 
nuity or  the  delicacy  of  their  workmanship." 

The  General  Committee  of  the  Presidencies  of  Calcutta  and  Bombay,  aa  well  as  the  Local  Committee  of 
Singapore,  prepared  lists  of  the  articles  sent,  arranged  according  to  the  classification  issued  by  the  Scientific 
Committees  appointed  by  the  Royal  Commissioners  in  the  spring  of  the  year  1850.  The  Bombay  and  Sii^gi- 
pore  Committees  have  sent  with  their  lists  observations  respecting  several  of  the  articles  sent.  The  Calcatu 
Committee  printed  their  list,  of  which  several  copies  were  received  and  many  have  been  distributed ;  \mXt 
unluckily,  a  scries  of  numbers  differing  from  those  under  which  the  articles  were  sent  have  been  employed  in 
this  Catalogue.  The  Madras  Committee  have  printed  the  whole  of  the  Reix)rts  received  from  their  Local  Com- 
mittees, and  a  great  mass  of  valuable  information  for  future  use  has  thus  been  brought  together.  Extncti 
have  occasionally  been  made  from  these  several  documents ;  but  the  following  Catalogue  was  prepared  from 
the  Invoices  as  they  arrived,  and  according  to  the  thirty  Classes  of  the  Head  Juries. 


Section  I.— EAW  MATERIALS  AND  PRODUCE. 


Class  1. — Mineral  Pboducts. 

[From  the  southern  portions  of  India  a|)proaching  so 
near  to  the  Equator,  while  its  northern  provinces  are 
nearly  in  the  latitude  of  the  southern  parts  of  Europe,  we 
may  form  some  idea  of  the  great  extxmt  of  Indian  territory, 
and  be  prepared  to  find  great  diversities  of  climate  and 
consequently  of  the  productions  of  every  kingdom  of 
nature,  from  the  long-extended  coasts,  washed  by  a 
tropical  ocean,  to  the  tops  of  the  several  ranges  of  moun- 
tains, among  which,  as  among  those  of  the  world,  the 
Himalayas  stand  pre-eminent,  whether  we  consider  their 
extent  or  elevation,  their  diversity  of  climate,  or  of  pro- 
duction. 

As  the  form  and  slope  of  the  country,  the  direction  of 
the  rivers,  and  the  climate  of  the  different  parts,  depend 
in  a  great  measure  on  the  direction  and  elevation  of  the 
moimtain  ranges,  as  well  as  the  soil  on  their  mineralogieal 
composition,  it  is  obvious  that  before  proceeding  to  their 
mineral  contents  or  to  other  subjects,  we  should  first 
obtain  a  genci^  idea  of  the  number  and  position  of  the 
several  mountain  ranges  of  India,  and  this  may  be  conve- 
niently done  by  taking  them,  as  they  naturally  form  sepa- 
rate ranges  : — first  the  Western  and  secondly  the  Eastern 
Ghauts,  which  run  parallel  to  the  Malabar  and  Coromandel 
coasts ;  thirdly,  the  Vindhya  or  Central  zone  of  India, 
extending  all  across  the  continent  of  India,  firom  Monghir 
and  Rajmahl,  on  the  Ganges,  to  the  liilly  tracts  of  Guzerat, 
on  the  West ;  fourthly  the  Himalayas,  which  form  the 
great  north-eastern  boimdary  of  India. — Royle.  Intro- 
duction to  Himalayan  Botany. 

Few  minerals  or  ores  of  metals  have  been  sent  firom  the 
Himalayan  mountains,  though  these  aboxmd  in  iron,  copper, 
and  lead.  The  mines  have  only  been  worked  superficially, 
but  it  is  doubtful  whetlier  they  would  repay  any  great 
outlay.  Graphite  ha«  been  found  in  Kemaon,  and  traces 
of  lignite  in  the  tertiary  formation,  where  the  immense 
deposit  of  fossil  bones  liave  been  discovered. 

From  the  extreme  eastern  and  western  points  of  the 
Central  zone,  that  is,  from  the  Saone  and  Kane  rivers  on 
one  side,  and  from  Cambay  on  the  other,  a  great  variety  of 
agates  and  cornelians  liave  been  sent.  From  the  diflcrcnt 
States  which  intervene  between  the  ramifications  of  this 
range  and  the  great  desert  on  the  north-west  of  India,  we 
bivo  ores  of  metals  and  specimens  of  marbles,  witli  works 
in  stone  and  marble.  Mines  of  copper  and  of  lead  occur 
in  these  regions,  and  iron  is  abundant.  The  only  large 
collection  of  minerals  wliieh  has  been  received  is  from  the 
Madras  Presidency,  in  which  the  variety  of  kaoUus  aro 


particularly  interesting.  These  an  likely  to  be  uaeliil  in 
the  arts,  and  some  of  the  earths  as  coLoura. 

The  deposits  of  coal  stretch  across  India  firam  east  to 
west,  that  is,  from  Assam  into  Silhet  and  Burdwmn,  and 
along  the  coiu^e  of  the  Nerbudda,  as  well  as  in  the 
western  district  of  Cuteh. 

From  the  Tennasserim  coast,  as  well  as  finom  Borneo, 
oxide  of  tin  has  been  sent,  as  well  as  solphuivt  of  antimony 
finom  the  latter,  where  both  are  very  abundant.] 

1.  MetaU  and  their  Ores. 

Indian  Ison  and  Steel  Cokpaitt,  Beypoim,  smt 
Calicut^  Malabar,  and  at  Porto  Nowtj  near  Ceddm- 
lore,  CamaHc,  Office  in  London,  10a  Kirngf*  Arm 
Yard,  Moorgate  Street — Produoera,  ManufiMtiucn, 

and  Importers. 
Specimens  of  the  ores  and  chareoal  used,  rii. : — 

Magnetic  oxide,  fi*om  Salem  and  SouUi  Arcot. 

Crystals  of  the  magnetic  ore. 

Ore  as  prepared  for  the  blast  furnace. 

Argillaceous  iron-stone,  firom  South  Aroot. 

Charcoal  used  in  the  manufacture. 
Specimens  of  the  pig  iron  firom  the  blast  fimuioe. 
The  pig  iron  refined. 
Specunens  of  annealed  castings  made  from  the  pig,  vis.: 

Chain  5-16ths,  cast  entire  in  links. 

Fher  used  in  worsted  spinning,  hitherto  made  only 
of  wrought  iron. 

Springs  cast,  as  the  above,  firom  the  pig  iron,  and 
drawn  down.     Onions*  patent. 
Specimens  of  the  wrought  iron : — 

Bars  fractured  to  show  the  fibre  and  colour. 

Specimens  worked  and  twisted  cold,  to  show  tenacity 
and  flexibihty. 

The  iron  drawn  into  wire,  Nos.  7,  18,  22,  25,  90,  to 
show  ductihty  and  tenacity. 

Specimens  in  screws,  horse  nails,  rollers,  axles,  gun- 
barrels,  &c. 
The  bar  iron  for  steel  purposes : — 

Bar  steeL 

Cast  steel  ingot,  showing  its  colour  and  crystallisa- 
tion. 

Cast-steel  drawn  to  sixes,  and  fractiu:t>d   to  show 
colour  and  temper. 

Sj>ecimcns  of  files,  saws,  chisels,  gouges,  and  plane- 
irons. 

Table  knives  and  carvers. 

Kazors,  scissors,  and  knives,  fine  cutlery. 

Sword  blades. 

[From  these  magnetic  ores  of  iron  the  "Wootx,"  or 
Indian  steel,  is  made  by  the  natives ;  also  malleable  imn 
by  the  direct  process.  The  ore  when  cleaned  firom  the 
quartz  with  which  it  is  found  combined,  is  shoun  hv 
analysis  to  contain  72  per  cent,  of  iron  with  28  of  oxjieen, 
aud   traces  of  manganese  and  lime  without   any   other 


DtPEXDESCtU.] 


■dmiiture.  The  nmnnbtcture  of  iron  in  India  from  these 
om  bv  Europoon  mdhods  was  ectabliahed  bj  this  Cora- 
panj  «oine  vearj  a^,  and  tlicir  prodaco  baa  bcoD  itn- 
poHrd  to  a  conaiilerttble  ei(«nt  iolo  tbb  country,  but 
chiellj  in  the  alups  of  pig  iron  hitherto.  Charcoal  ii 
etohuivdy  uied  aa  fiiel  in  ths  manufBctim.] 

Bnacnoena  of  chrome  ore  &om  the  Oompanj'a  micea  in 
the  Salem  diatricts. 

Samplea  of  the  fhnnnate  and  bichronuite  of  potoib 
nunofiKtnred  from  this  ore. 

Dr,  Andrew  Uro  found  (his  ore  to  be  30  per  etmt. 
ricfavr  in  ootouring  matter  tlian  the  beat  Baltimore  ore. 

Iron  ore ;  cultiea,  or  blooms  of  iron  i  palnu,  or  ban  of 
iron  i  Tuttonu,  or  pieces  of  cast  steel,  as  it  came  &om 
the  daj  crucible ;  oUies,  or  bats,  drawn  out  from  ehtj 
crucibles ;  small  bas  of  iron  beads  which  ooie  out  from 
the  blooms  in  the  blast  furnaces;  steel  made  from  the 
blooms  in  the  same  kind  of  blast  fiirnaco,  and  used  in 
making  edged  tooli — from  Salem. — F.  Q.  Fischer. 


B.  A.  C.  H*JttiTos,  Esq.,  ladore. 

1  Spenmms  of  iron  ore,  iron,  and  the  wood  which  is 
UMil  in  smelting  it,  from  Indorc. 

The  fallowing  is  Mr.  Hamilton's  account  of  the  process, 
with  a  section  of  the  fumaoe, 

"  The  fiimace  (A)  in  which  the  ironstone  is  melted  is 
neaTatcd  out  of  the  ground,  about  12  hy  10  feet,  and  10 
tett  deep ;  the  furnace  is  made  of  clay,  phulcred  with 
oow'dung  (heaped).  Double  <B)  beUows  are  fitted,  aii- 
light  at  the  bottom,  wurkvd  by  a  man  sitting  between 
tlxm.  At  the  bottom  of  the  fumaoo  is  an  earthen  sieve 
(C)  through  which  [he  dirt  and  refuse  drop.  The  holes 
an  Slled  with  earth  at  first,  but  [his  girea  way  as  the  iron 
melt!  and  comes  down  ;  wlien  choked  the  holes  are 
opened  by  an  iron  poker  (D),  the  drops  and  dirt  fall 
to  (E).  The  fire  is  rormedofcakedcow.dung{F)  broken 
■mall,  charcoal  (G)  and  uiuien  (1}  klieir  (J)  wood.  Tlie 
wood  is  put  on  the  top  part,  a  layer  (II),  ironstone 
broken  the  siio  of  marbles  is  i)lHccd  about  one  inch  in 
IhickncH,  then  a  biFcr  of  con-dung  (I)  and  I'harroal,  and 
•o  up  to  Hie  surra™,  when  tlic  ironstone  is  piled  about  IB 
inches,  and  covered  in  with  the  wood  cut  into  small  billets. 
After  four  hours' incessant  plying  oflho  beUons,!  lie  furnace 
has  attained  a  heat  which  makes  the  Bnt  layer  of  stone 
melt  and  the  dross  fall  through ;  the  whole  mass  has 
become  gradually  heatcil,  and  as  it  fiillii.  the  stone  on  Ihe 
(op  which  is  re^^ularly  scrred  keeps  fHlling  into  the  furnace. 
In  this  way  the  furnace  is  pUcd  and  filled  for  12  liours, 
the  bellows  going  llic  whole  time  ;  llie  furnace  is  now  led 
lo  cool,  and  accordins  lo  the  season,  is  ready  to  oiicn  in 
from  12  lo  2 1  hourf ." 

The  iron  will  amount  to  about  «lbs.  weight.  20  seer^ 
which  at  Ihe  pit,  including  digging  the  stone,  fire-wooil, 
and  CTcrj'  cliarge,  acUs  so  that  llie  profit  atcragcs  one 
rupee  per  seer:  llie  people  consequcnlly  work  otdy  as 
their  wanis  require,  and  nol  regularly. 

Nothing  more  is  done  bv  this  class  of  workmen:  Ihe  iron 
is  sold  as  it  comes  out  oi  iho  fumaco,  and  worked  up  by 
■nol  her  class. 

Iron  oro  and  iron,  from  Cutch.— Rao  of  Ciitch.  llnnu- 
GKture  of  iron  in  l^utcli : — "  In  eilrnclini;  the  meliil  in 
Cutcli,  layers  of  very  small  pieces  are  disposed  allcniatcly 
witli  olhcn)  of  elioreonl,  in  a  rude  open  furnace,  and 
exposed  lo  the  bUst  of  two  small  bellons  made  of  sheep- 
■kms.  The  melul  wlien  fused,  hlls  into  a  hole  at  tlic 
botlom  of  Ihe  furnace,  when  it  is  transfiirTed  loau  enclosed 
furnace,  anil  siibjccUil  to  similar  hlusis  until  brought  to 
a  while  heat,  when  it  is  lakiii  out  and  beaten  into  a  bar. 
So  flui  of  any  kiiul  is  used."— Oi/fain  Oranft  Oeolagg 
^Ca(r*.pageS!3, 

Details  of  the  ei|)ensc»  of  manufacturing  llOlbs.  of 


Master H 

Manager  of  charcoal  .  .  .  ,  ] 
Director  of  second  fumaco  .  .  .  H 
Three  hammer-men  ■     2^ 

Two  bellows-mon  at  i  each  ...  1 
Four  bellows-men  of  j  each    .  .3 

A  breaker  of  the  matenal  for  each  cart-load      i 

Csrt  of  charcoal 8 

Second  smelting  charcoal  .  .  .8 
Tai  for  five  maunda  or  140th,   (a  day's 

Sundries  for  beggars,  hire  of  bellows,  &o.  St 
Tobacco  for  men i 

Total  32  or  16r. 

"  Tills  is  the  cost  of  one  day's  prodaoi\  or  Ore  maundl, 
at  40  seers  a  roaimd,  one  aeer-weigbt,  40  piece-weight. 

"  A  cart-load  of  mineral,  after  IB  hours  smdting  in  the 
open  furnace,  yields  10  maunds  (880  lbs.)  of  pig  iron,  and 
that  again  yields  5  maunds  (140  lbs.)  after  9  hours'  smelt- 
ing in  the  closed  furnace." 
Ironstone,  Soane  River- 
Iron  oro  bisulphuret  embedded  in  stone,  &om  Cud> 

Iron  ores,  magnetic,  from  Tit^rapatam. 

Iron  ore  and  two  pieces  iron,  from  Mngraoneo  Mine, 
OwaUor. — Maha  Rajah  Rao  Scindiah. 

Ironora  and  (wo  pieces  iron,  Dhooab  Mine. 

Iron,  smelted,  and  iron  ores ;  (cmiginoua  concretions, 
from  Teroo,  in  Assam. — Capt.  Brodie- 

Iron  ore  and  smelted  iron,  from  Sliahabad. — Rajah  of 
Kotah. 

Iron  orrffl,  from  Talagaon. 

Iron  ore  and  unwrought  iro 

Iron,  from  Chota  Nagpore. 

Iron  ore,  from  Cossya  Hills. 

Bag  of  iron  ore  and  iron,  from  KejioL 


1,  from  Haaareebagh. 
and,  Irom  Aasi 


,  from  newly -discovered  mines  in  Bcerbhooni. 

Iron  and  steel  in  diBercnl  stages,  from  Salem,  In; 

Flat,  iron  specimens  ;  half-roaslcd  iron  j  luiUj),  crude, 
and  raw  iron  ;  and  iron  smelted,  from  Cossya  Hills. 

Iron  ore,  from  Ihe  Teniialserim  prorbccs.  Tliero  in  ii 
largo  variety  of  iron  oro  in  these  provinces,  some  of  which 
is  very  rich  in  metal,  rsiiccially  in  the  Tavoy  District. 
Near  Ihe  ri*er-side,  about  three  miles  from  the  town  of 
Tavoy,  is  a  hill  which,  according  lo  Ihe  local  authonties, 
apiicars  to  confist  almost  wholly  of  magnetic  oiidc  of 
iron.     Common  iron  jiyrilcs  is  alio  very  abundani  in  tlie 

Manganese,  from  Ihe  Mergui  District,  in  tlte  Tcnnas- 
serim  provinces,  where  large  qiianlities  eiist.  It  ia  nut 
made  use  of  by  natives. 

Antimony  sulphurot,  from  Tennasscrim  and  Madras- 
Smelted  antimony,  from  Borneo. 

Pyrites,  from  Cuddapali. 

Cop[ier  oro  from  I'lwar  and  Bewbhoom. 

Cop[)er  ore,  from  Bellary. 

Copper  ore,  from  Dhumuaro. 

CopiKT  ore,  from  Tennasscrim  and  Nepal. 

Lead  of  superior  uualily,  from  Sookpoor. 

Lead  ores  and  lead,  from  Tennasserini  and  JiepaL 

I>«d  ores,  fkim  Bhoondie  and  Boerbhoom. 

Lead  ore,  supposed,  from  Sinsapon\ 

Tin  ore,  from  Tennassorim  and  Malacca. 

Tin,  from  ilahiy  Peninsula,  Ac. 

Tin,  oxide  oi;  'from  near  Mergui  in  the  province  of 
Tennasscrim . 

diromale  of  iron,  from  Salem. 

Cinnabar,  and  in  its  original  slate.  This  ia  said  to  be 
lupcrior,  as  obtained  from  Surnt,  to  the  Cliina  vennilion, 
'  It  none  has  been  supplied.     Urriimenl,  from  KepaL 

Oold  dust,  from  Sin|rnp.re  and  S-Twl. 

ti..ia-»fl-.her»'  -and.  from  .\sKam.  '  Major  Hannnv. 

Silver  box  of  gold-dust,  viilnges  of  Enino  and  Aelam- 


EAST  INDIES. 


[OouHnvAxv 


boor  —  from    Erauiid    Talook,    Callcul,    and    Wjuaad, 
Mnlabsr. 

Boll  mtlEil,  from  BcUai^  and  from  Rajoli  of  Kotn. 

Pewter,  from  NepaJ. 

2.  Soa-Metallic  Mimva!  Froductt. 
Mosa  agates,  from  Kerbuddo,  Sotmo,  and  Kane  RiTerg. 
Bpeeiea  of  agate,  from  Soane  River,  Kane,  and  Ner- 

Calcedonj,  Irom  Soanc  RiTcr. 

^Vhite  agate,  from  Siugur. 

Pebbled,  from  Soane  River. 

Acatw,  from  Alimnlabad. 

Btoodatonis,  from  Kano  RiTer,  ic. 

CliiltA  hindnee,  piebald  or  spotted,  from  Jubbulpore. 

Ornsa  stone,  fntm  Betool  River. 

?  Bincolo  in  Saugur. 

Lapii  laiuli,  locidit;  unkuonn. 

■ ?  Kane  Hirer. 

CamoliaD,  from  Kumaclc. 

?  from  Soane  River. 

— —  ?  Bort  of  gold  etone,  locality  not  kuowa. 

Oimelianp  and  onyx,  from  Ahmedabad. 

JoAper  uid  marble,  from  Bengal. 

Strmgs  of  NimluE^k  beads;  plain  and  diamond-mil 
cameliaijj  grccnslone  and  raothef^of-pearl  beads  ;  mother' 
of.pearl  buekle  ;  bUek  'atone  tairriug  drops  ;  largo  and 
smikll  pieces  of  crystal ;  camclians  lor  brooches ;  stonos 
for  clasps  1  bloodstones;  goivrics;  large  and  omall 
unethjals  ;  large  and  small  cmcrulda  i  rajanalis  ;  assorted 
stones ;  feroiahs ;  sapphires  -,  eat'a-ejus  ;  garnets ;  roma- 
roolcB  1  SBlauiin-stone ;  blue-stone ;  lurquoisos.  Purrhased 
from  Tialive  lapidaries  of  Calcnttji. 

Agates,  &c.  from  Oimbay.  The  foUowing  account  liss 
beeo  drawn  up  by  Mr.  Augustus  Sununers,  senior  apothe. 
caiy,  Camliay  ;— 

Arliclei  mrotight  bi/  the  Cantbag  Lapidariet, — fFor  Bale 
to  the  gentry  passing  through  Cambay,  and  sent 
to  Bombay  for  tlie  English,  Calcutta,  and  other 
markets.) 

The  whole  of  the  agates,  bloodstones,  and  cornelians  arc 
made  upe  of,  and  worked  into  models  of  cannon  with 
riflge  and  appurtenances  complete  ;  slabs  for  botes  i 
of  vBriely  of  slobs,  twenty  in  number,  to  form  a  square 
table ;  cups  and  saucers ;  chessmen ;  llower-vaseB ;  pci 
rack,  card  and  letter  rack  i  walch-stands  j  inkstands 
linifc-liandlcB ;  rulers,  paper- cutters,  papcr-n-eighls,  pen 
liolders ;  seta  of  nccUaws ;  bracelets  and  brooches  of 
Tariely  of  pal  terns  i  crooked  needles;  silk -winders ; 
marbles ;  bnces  and  shirt-studs  ;  seals  ;  also  mugh  speci- 
mens of  stone  having  one  side  polislicd. 

Arliclei  prepared  for  Ihe  Ciiaa  Markel. 

Articles  wrought  for  China  comprise  only  two  kinds, 
and  ore  made  up  entirely  of  cornelian — Brst,  the  oval  and 
square  Hat  stones  resembling  watch-seals,  large  and  SD 
named  monihgonl,  worn  as  anidets  and  dress  omamei 
the  other  variety  is  (he  beads  named  hero  dhoU,  each 
necklace    containing    dfty   beads,    these    are    all    pi 
polished,  and  roimcl.     Tnst  quantities  of  the  above 
annually  exported  from  lliis  in  chests  to  Bombar, 
t^hina;  the  oxtent  of  valuation  is  fivm  60,000  to  60,000 
rupees  annually. 
Articfa  for  the  ilodea,  DJfdda,  and  Jfeeeo  Marteli 

The  descriplions  of  stone  employed  are  the  veined  agi 
frcna  Rhanpore,  cornelians  from  Rutlonjiore,  llie  cat 
oye,  and  the  Jet  or  obsidian  ;  (heiie  are  worked  into  large 
quantities  of  rings,  both  plain    and  omamenled ;    ring' 
atones,  wristlets,  armlets,  and  necklaces,  embracing  (he 
following  variety : — 

Necklaces— Pey  loodnr  dlioll,  cut  beatls;  goormdur 
dholl,  diamond  cut  beads ;  bndnmi  arr,  almond-shapeil 
necklace  j  klmullec,  oblong  flat  neekUice ;  chavmdec, 
a|>e8r-rliBpcd  ;  nmdulyah,  jnwilch  or  jaliwiz,  composed  of 
three  stones  ;  satlali  khauta,  plain  round  bcaib,  lued  as 
necklace  and  roenij. 


Armlets  and  wristlets. — Mootes  madalyah,  compoMd 
of  two  «l«nes,  worn  as  a  wristlet ;  pytah,  a  vristirt 
composed  of  seven  round  flat  stones ;  poucbo,  a  wristltf 
oomposed  of  several  Sat  stone* ;  tnjootali,  an  aradil 
of  one  stone  cut  in  different  fandfiil  derioea  j  tarn  gfaa^ 
single  stones  in  shape  of  large  flat  seala. 

Rings.— Rings  are  made  of  comoliaiu,  of  Tarioat  d>- 
vices,  named  imgolee,  and  riny  ;  stonea  fur  aottiii^  caOed 
meggcenia,  arc  made  of  eomeUan  and  the  oat"a-«ye. 

The  articles  for  the  Djedda  and  Uoc^  maKela  at 
packed  up  in  chests,  also  in  bale*,  with  the  clotba,  mA 
exported  lo  Ronibay  and  Veraval  Bander,  near  Kca, 
whence  they  are  transhipped  to  their  destinalxm,  nri 
irom  thence  lliey  find  IheLr  way  into  Arabta,  Ftra^ 
Seindli,  and  AFghonistan,  the  merchanta  RBliiai^  bigs 
proBta  by  the  sale*  effected. 

Mode  of  iTaaipuMioa,  or  Proera  Sy  nUct  Or  diJWtJ 
Arlkla  are  WronglU. 
Beads.— The  following  a  the  proceaa  of  w^fc^g  laaib 
— the  stones  are  first  broken  into  pieces  of  the  tiw  lb- 
sired  \  an  iroii  spoke,  namod  Rhoredia,  ia  ditrai  in  tW 
ground  in  an  inclined  direction  with  One  point  imwardi ; 
the  stones  are  placed  on  this  point,  and  efaippM  with  a 
hammer  mode  of  iron  till  rounded ;  il  ia  thai  [Mi ml  OD 
(o  the  polisher,  who  Siea  a  number  of  equal  riie  in  a  pair 
of  wooden  or  bamboo  clams,  and  mbs  tbetn  on  a  tnani 
and  hard  jiotishing-stone  called  Dholin.  Thej  are  Ibra 
traiuferrod  to  another  man,  who,  securine  than  ia 
vroodeu  clains,  rubs  them  against  a  grountl  poUshiai- 
board,  named  pattj-mar,  on  which  is  smeatvd  a  Mtn|>»i- 
tiou  of  emery  and  lac,  turning  the  beads  round  H>  thii 
every  part  of  Ihe  surface  may  assume  a  globular  form  and 
become  polished.  The  final  polish  is  given  by  tlie  btaili 
so  prepared  being  put  from  one  to  aerenl  Ihoiuands  inie 
a  stout  leather  bag  about  2  feet  in  length,  and  hwa  10  la 
12  inches  in  diameter,  with  some  emery  dust  and  a  very 
fine  powder  named  warry,  wlueh  ia  the  aedinient  </  tu 
cornelians  deposited  in  the  earthen  lUsb,  partially  filled 
with  water,  during  the  process  of  drilling  boles  in  lbs 


beads,  which  is 


collected  and  dried.    The  m 


each  other  by  two  men,  seated  at  opposite  ends  of  a  raom, 
from  ten  to  fincco  days ;  the  hsther  bag  ia  kept  nKaftned 
wilh  waler.  When  the  beads  liave  taken  a  bright  piJiili, 
they  are  passed  on  to  Ihe  people  who  bore  the  hobs, 
which  is  effected  by  means  of  a  steel  drill  tipped  wiih  a 
small  diamond,  during  nidch  process  Ihe  spot  is  fed  wiik 
water,  drop  by  drop,  passed  throngh  a  thin  namnr  tted 
OF  metallic  lube. 

Tlie  cut  bcaiLi  are  passed  from  the  rough  poliilung- 
slonc  to  Ihe  lapidarr  {lolishing  and  eutling-plate,  ami 
lastly  the  holes  are  drilled. 

Knife  handles.— These  uudereo  eiactly  tfae  same  pro- 
cess as  the  cut  beads,  adapting  Iho  shajie  to  any  pattern. 

Cups  and  saucers,  and  any  other  hollow  artielM,  are 
wrought  according  to  the  required  citemal  shape  on  the 
steel  spike,  and  a  rough  polish  given  on  Ihe  rough  polith- 
ing  stones :  the  cavitv  is  formed  by  the  diamond-tipprd 
rinll  to  the  deplh  oi  one-foutth  of  an  inch  all  over  Ihe 
space  until  it  exhibits  an  honey.combud  lur&ce — the 
prominent  places  round  the  holes  are  Ihni  chipped  away; 
and  Ibis  process  is  repealed  unlil  Ilie  depth  and  fonn 
desired  is  obtained,  tlu^  are  then  puhsTml  upon  pn-parrd 
moulds  of  eonvcT  fonnalion,  and  of  the  same  composilim 
ns  the  polishing  plates  which  an'  sitaclied  lo  the  luming- 

I'linnon.— Tlie  bote  of  the  cannon  is  effcHed  by  a  driD 
nidi  two  diamonds  lo  Ihe  deiilh  miuin^l,  aftcrwartl*  five 
others  in  succession,  of  projioriionalc  incn-ase  in  Ihe 
aies,  are  substituted,  coeb  having  an  increase  in  number 
of  diamonil*  placed  circlewise,  llie  last  eueireling  as  maui 
as  twelve  diamonds. 

Slabs,  Papci^ciillcrs.^Paper-weighls,  Ac.,  are  ml  by 
means  of  a  luolldcss  taw  mode  of  iron,  fiii-d  lo  a  li^l.t 
wooden  frame,  and  llie  cut  is  fed  with  cnicn'  dual  and 


Depexdencieb.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


863 


water.  WTicn  the  stone  is  small  the  saw  is  worked  by 
one  man,  when  large  by  two  men.  The  stone  to  be 
operated  upon  is  attaclied  to  a  large  wooden  frame  which 
la  itself  a  fixture  partly  in  the  groimd.  The  cement  con- 
sists of  a  coarse  description  of  beeswax  with  the  fine 
fibres  of  new  cloth,  by  means  of  which  the  stones  are 
firmly  attached  to  the  wooden  framework.  Several  men 
in  a  row  are  at  the  same  time  employed  cutting  through 
diflerent  pieces  of  stone. 

Preparation  of  Polishing  Plate*  or  Dishes. 

The  plates  or  dishes  are  made  of  emery  (named  korunge 
and  samadah),  a  species  of  corundum  of  greyish-black 
colour,  glistening  lustre,  and  granular  concretion.  It« 
fine  powder  is  obtained  by  trituration  and  Icvigation: 
this,  mixed  with  the  seed-lac,  forms  the  circular  polishing 
plates,  two  in  number.  The  first,  or  coarse-grained,  is 
made  in  the  proportion  of  three  parts  of  ground  emery  to 
one  of  lao ;  the  second,  or  finer,  is  made  of  two  and  a  half 
pounds  of  finely-lerigated  emery  to  one  seer  of  lac ;  a 
third,  or  finest  polishing  dish,  is  composed  of  warry  and 
lac  in  equal  proportion.  Warry  is  the  sedimentary  de- 
posit of  cornelian  in  an  earthen  dish  during  the  polishing 


process.  A  copper  dish  is  occasionally  used  for  very  liard 
stone,  such  as  the  Ceylon  and  otlier  precious  stones,  and  a 
wooden  dish,  made  of  deal  or  other  fine-grained  wood,  is 
employed  for  poUshing  the  softer  description  of  stone. 

The  following  description  of  the  lapidary  wheel  is 
copied  from  the  "  Bombay  Times  : " — 

"Native  Lapidary  WheeL — The  wheel  consists  of  a 
strong  wooden  platform,  16  inches  by  6,  and  3  indies 
thick.  In  this  are  two  strong  wooden  uprights ;  between 
these  is  a  wooden  roller,  8  inches  long  and  3  in  diameter, 
fiiatenedinto  ahead  at  the  one  end:  this  works  on  an  iron 
spindle  or  axle  at  each  end.  On  the  one  end  the  axle  is 
screwed  and  fitted  witli  a  nut,  by  wliich  the  cutting  or 
grinding  wheel  can  be  made  fast.  The  lap- wheels  consist 
of  two  circular  discs  or  cakes  of  lac  with  groimd  korund, 
coarse  or  fine  according  to  the  work  ;  of  a  copper  disc  for 
polisliing  the  very  hard,  and  a  wooden  one  for  finishing 
the  work  of  the  softer,  description  of  stone.  These  are 
spun  backwards  and  forwards  by  a  bow,  the  string  of 
which  passes  round  the  roller.  The  lapidair  sits  on  his 
hams,  steadying  the  wheel  with  his  foot,  and  holding  on 
the  stone  with  his  lefl  hand  while  he  works  the  bow  with 
his  right." 


List  of  various  Agates,  Cobnelians,  &c.,  wrought  upon  by  the  Lapidaries  at  Cambay. — 144h  June  1850. 


DMcription  of  Stone. 


Jaspefy  Heliotnme^  or  Bloodstone. 
— Abeautifull^'-variegated  stone 
of  greenish  basis.  The  green  with 
flamed  streaks,  or  red  spotted 
delineations,  is  named  by  the 
lapidary  ZuelaChantadur ;  those 
more  variegated  with  green,  red, 
and  yellow  tints,  is  named  Put- 
tolia.  It  occurs  in  massive  lay- 
ers, is  hard,  with  a  dull  fracture, 
and  takes  a  high  polish. 

Jdossagate. — Named  by  the  lapi- 
dary Sowa  Baju.  This  is  a  beau- 
tiful species  of  agate,  of  a  very 
clear  or  clouded  crystalline  ba- 
sis, with  impressions  of  the  dark- 
green  moss,  or  green  and  rod- 
dish-brown  moss  delineations. 
Found  in  massive  layers,  often 
cracked  in  various  ways.  It  is 
hani,  and  receives  a  fine  polish. 

jifffUe^  Comnum.  -A  mhicral  whose 
basis  is  calcodony,  blended  with 
quartz  and  cornelian.  The  white 
or  semi-trans{)arent  is  named 
Dholii,  and  cloudy  and  streaked 
Jaroma.  It  is  generally  greyish- 
white^  of  different  shades.  It  is 
pretty  hard,  brittle,  aixl  massive, 
and  receives  a  high  polish. 

Aonttj  Knn/}erwau(/t'.  — This  is  a 
beautiful  s|)eries  of  agate,  some 
having  the  impression  of  mine- 
ralized plants  delicate! v  pre- 
served with  a  clear  seini-traiiH- 
parent  basis,  ami  is  namc<l  Har- 
riah ;  others  of  variegated  shades 
of  colour,  with  landscoiH?  or  other 
delineations,  named  Aggeah, 
Kuttca,  &c.  It  occurs  in  pebbles, 
or  ml  lei  masses,  is  hard,  and 
receives  a  high  degree  of  |x»lish. 

Ai/ate^  Vtiiicii.-  Nainivl  by  the  lajii- 
dary  Dora(lor,ofilitfereiit  shuiles 
of  white  with  dark  streaks,  or  a 
<lark  ground  with  white  thready 
8trcaks,assumingdit!Vrent  forms. 
It  occurs  imbedded  in  rlnyoy 
soil,  is  hanI,  and  takes  a  very 
high  {Mtlish. 

CuKvlate-gifmc.  -Assuming  its  co- 
lour, as  the  name  implies;  is 
named  Katiah,  of  a  hrownish- 
earthv  bawis,  not  very  hard,  of  n 
dull  fracture,  and  does  not  take 
a  high  pcdish. 


Where  Procured. 


Near  the  village  of  Tun- 
karia,  in  the  territory' of 
the  Moorvi  Kajah,about 
12  miles  norlli  of  Kaj- 
cote. 


Quarried  or  how  Procured ; 
i>\ix  and  Formation. 


B  ■MARKS. 


Near  the  village  of  Tun- 
karia,  in  the  territory 
of  the  Moorvi  liajah, 
and  at  Bood  Koten, 
about  3  miles  from  Tun- 
karia. 


Near  the  village  of  Ma- 
hid  {K>re,  3  miles  from 
Tunkaria,  in  the  terri- 
tory of  the  Itiyah  of 
Moorvi. 


Found  on  the  hills  named    For  permission  to  collect  the 
Bungaud,bclow  the  hill  ;     stone,  8  annas  per  maund  (40 

lbs.)  is  paid  to  the  Uajah,  and 
2  annas  per  each  bullock- loail 
for  passing  through  his  terri- 
tory, and  4A  ru2)ee8  bullock- 
hire  to  Cambay.  A  bullock* 
load  contains  3  maunds,  on 
which  a  town  duty  of  8  annas 
is  levied  at  Cambay. 


O 7  

under  the  strata  of  soil, 
in  massive  layers  from 
j^  lb.  to  40  lbs.  in  weight. 


It  occurs  in  the  plain  about  .Ditto 
2  feet  under  the  surface 
of  soil,  in  massive  lay- 
ers, crackcil,  and  weigh- 
ing from  \  lb.  to  30  or 
40  lbs. 


ditto. 


At  Kapperwauge,  in  the 
Kairazilla,  and  in  the 
bed  of  the  river  Ma- 
gain,  between  the  vil- 
lage of  Amiiala,  and 
Named wah,  about  15 
miles  from  Kapper- 
wauge. 


It  occurs  in  the  plain,  near   Ditto 
the  surface  of  soil,  in 

7  I 

massive     blocks,     the 
most    perfect    not   ex- 
ceeding .')  lbs. ;  the  in- 
ferior     quality      and  . 
cracked,  as  high  as  GO  , 
lbs.  in  weight.  i 


ditto. 


At  Khanpore  and  adja- 
cent villages,  named 
Darpeepla  and  Nina- 
ma,  in  the  Ahmedabad 
zilla,  near  Dandookee. 


jAt  Khanpore,  near  Dan- 
dookee, ami  at  Tcmka- 
i     ri.'i,  in   the  territory  of 
I     the  Moorvi  Kajah. 


It  occurs  on  the  banks 
and  in  the  beds  of 
rivers,  in  rolled  balls  of 
spheroidal  reneiform, 
and  amygdaloidal  fig- 
ures, from  A  lb.  to  10 
lbs.  in  weight. 


Found    imbedded    under 

!     the  upper  strata  of  soil, 

!     in   lobbies  of  various 

■     shapes,   not    exceeding 

\  lb.  in  weight. 


lit  occurs  on  the  surface, 
i     anil  imbeddetl  a  few  fiH't 

under  tho  soil,  in  nia>ses 
I     from    1    to    8   lbs.    in 

weight. 


The  Bheels  search  for  the  stones 
and  sell  them  to  a  Borah  at 
Mandwah,  from  whom  the 
lapidaries  purchase  at  from 
3  to  12  rui>ees  i>er  maund, 
according  to  quality.  It  is 
carted  or  brought  on  <lonkeys 
to  Cambay.  Ten  maunds  of 
the  stone  is  valued  at  100  ru- 
pees, on  which  a  duty  of  4^ 
ruiwes  is  charged  here. 

A  fee  of  2  runees  per  cart-loo<l 
is  poid  to  the  (lovemment  on 
the  entries,  and  the  stones  are 
carted  to  Cambay.  The  cart- 
loa<l  is  40  maunds,  which  l>ays 
a  town  duty  of  2  nijK'es  here. 


Brought  from  Tunkaria  on  bul- 
loolcs  at  rate  of  4^  rupees  per 

I  load,  and  in  carts  from  Khnn- 
t>ore,  ir»  rupees  hire  for  cart-, 

I     load,  l>esid(*s  the  (»overnment 

i    fee  of  2  ruyG4*«  ^jvjt  ^i6xv-Vvj»A.. 


864 


EAST  INDIES. 


rCOLOlOEA  ASI) 


Dfscription  of  *tonc. 


WHiere  Procured. 


Quarried  or  how  Procored  ; 
Size  and  Formation. 


RrVAiKs. 


Crystal. — Named  Phuttncsat :  clear 
transparent  stone,  resembling 
glass  m  appearance,  and  receives 
a  high  polish. 

Variegated  Stone. — Named  by  the 
lapidary  Mimarian :  of  a  lii'er- 
brown  earthy  basis,  with  yellow- 
ish impressions  of  shells  and 
annelioa  (?),  having  a  pretty 
marble  appearance,  but  does  not 
receive  a  good  polish. 

Lapi*  Lazuliy  or  the  Azure  Stone. 
— Named  here  Rajahwarrad :  of 
a  deep  blue  colour  and  soft 
earthy  basis,  with  sprinkling  of 
silver  or  gold  in  spots.  May 
be  known  by  its  beautiful  indigo 
blue  colour.  It  is  soft,  and  does 
not  receive  a  high  polish. 

Jd  S/ontf(Obsidian).— Named  here 
Kulla:  further  resembling  glass 
in  fracture,  not  very  heavy,  and 
takes  a  high  polish. 

Bltte  Stone  (Perosa). —  Assuming 
various  shades  of  blue.  This  is 
a  composition  resembling  glass, 
soft,  and  takes  a  good  polish. 
It  resembles  the  true  perosa 
(turquoise)  when  highly  polished. 

Cornelian  is  named  Gharr  in  the 
original  state.  Thev  are  cloudy, 
of  various  shades  of  brown,  and 
others  of  different  tints  of  yel- 
low in  the  natural  stAte.  After 
exposure  to  the  sun  and  baking, 
these  assume  other  tints,  as 
follows:  light  brown  becomes 
white,  dholu,  pale  yellow,  rose 
colour,  gulabi,  deep  yellow.  Ked 
or  lall,  a  mixture  of  cloudy 
brown  and  yellow,  becomes 
white  and  red,  named  Ubluckee : 
another  shade  of  yellow  turns 


At  Tunkaria,  in  the  terri- 
tory of  the  Kcgah  of 
Moorvi. 

At  Dhokeewarra,  in  the 
Runn,  about  60  miles 
north  of  Deesa. 


Abbas  hills,  or  at  their 
base,  or  in  the  bed  of 
the  river  formed  by  the 
monsoon  streams  be- 
tween the  hills. 


Imported  here  from  Bom- 
bay. Brought  from 
Persia  and  Bucharia. 


Imported  here  from  Bom- 
bay. 


Imported  here  from  Bom- 
bay. Is  said  to  be  pre- 
pared in  China. 


Occurs  in  masses  under 
the  surface  of  soil,  from 
1  to  20  lbs.  in  weight. 

Found  in  large  masses  on 
the  hill,  and  dug  np  in 
large  blocks  at  its  base. 


Said  to  be  found  in  round- 
ed balls  in  the  bed  of 
rivers. 


At  the  base  of  the  hills 
of  Bowa  Abbas  and 
Kigpeeplce,  in  the  terri- 
tory  of  the  Nandode 
Raiah,  who  is  tributary 
to  nis  Highness  the  Ga- 
ickwar.  The  Naudode 
Rajah  farms  the  quar- 
ries to  native  contrac- 
tors, who  pay  annually 
from  2,000  to  2,.'>00  ru- 
pees to  the  Rajah  for 
the  sole  privilege  of  col- 
lecting the  stones, 
pinkish-purple,    named    Nafur- 

mani ;  and  brown  becomes  a  darker  shade,  named  Kmni. 
The  above  arc  qiiarried  in  large  quantities,  and  undergo 
the  process  of  baking;  they  receive  a  high  polish,  and  are 
wrought  into  flat  and  round  necklaces,  bracelets,  armlets, 
stones  for  seals,  chessmen,  marbles,  studs,  rings,  &c.  The 
other  stones  found  in  the  neighbourhood  or  on  the  hills, 
and  subjected  to  the  heating  process,  are  as  follows: — 
Mora,  or  Bowa  Gnree. — Asi)eciesof  On  the  Bowa  Gore  and 
onyx,  or  dark-coloured  cornelian 
with  white  veins,  or  a  greyish- 
white  ground  with  dark  veins, 
assuming  various  figures,  re- 
ceives a  high  degree  of  i)olish, 
and  is  much  prized  in  the 
Djeddee  market.  The  true  onyx, 
or  sala  main,  is  brought  here  by 
Mahommedan  mendicants,  in 
ready-made  strings  of  beads. 

sunrise,  when  the  chatties  arc  removed  and  the 


It  occurs  on  the  hills  at 
Bassorah  and  at  Aden, 
in  large  blocks. 

Brought  from  China  in 
flat  pieces,  not  exceed- 
ing ^  lb.  in  weight. 


Quarried  or  dug  up  from 
near  the  base  of  the  hill 
in  various  shapes:  the 
pebbles  are  imbedded 
in  a  soft  yellow  soil,  or 
in  bluish-grey  clay,  of 
size  varying  from  a 
small  pebble  to  1  lb.  in 
weight,  and  are  chiefly 
of  uneven  form  and 
surface. 


I 


Mora  is  found  on  or  at  the 
base  of  the  hills,  in 
j>ebbles  not  exceeding 
1  lb.  in  weight. 


Pays  the  same  duty  as  the  other 
stones  in  the  Bsjahof  Moorri'i 
territory. 


Carted  to  CamlMij. 


Between  the  Bowm  Gore  toil 
Bowa  Abbas  hills  on  theplaiB 
are  small  moanda,  ftom  wboKe 
the  stones  ar«  quarried  by  the 
Bheels  of  the  district ;  ther  ez- 
cavate  to  some  depth,  ^yrm- 
ing  galleries  in  a  horisontal  di- 
rection  about  five  feet  In  bei^t 
and  four  broad  ;  ther  are 
obliged  to  use  a  lamp,  ai^  work 
in  pairs,  one  employed  with  the 
pickaxe  in  the  quarry,  the 
other  at  the  entrance,  who  ex- 
amines the  stones  by  chippine 
off  a  piece,  retaining  the  grind 
and  rejecting  the  Imd  on  the 
spot :  when  a  larver  number  <  f 
men  arc  employed,  thegallerieii 
are  extended  in  different  direc- 
tions, with  air  passages.  The 
two  men,  in  8  or  10  honrt.  ob- 
tain fYt>m  10  to  40  lbs.,  which 
is  brought  in  the  village  of  Rot- 
tonporc,  by  the  contractor  or 
his  people.  A  quantity  is  thus 
procured  in  the  fields;  after 
which  many  generally  dig  a 
trench  round  a  field  two  ft«( 
in  depth  and  three  in  brasdch. 
In  this  fires  of  goats*  and  com 
dung  are  set  up,  and  the  stones 
in  earthen  pots,  in  single  rows, 
are  placed  in  the  trench;  tiie 
fire  IS  kept  up  from  sunset  to 

contractor  attends  to  the  heating 


stones  piled  away.  The 
I)rocess ;  the  stones  are  once  a-year  carted  to  Nemodra,  and  conveyed  in  canoes  down  the  river  to  Brourh, 
whence  they  are  brought  in  boats  to  Cambay.  Each  bag  of  25  maunds  pays  a  dutv  of  l^  rupees  to  the  British 
Government  at  Brouch,  in  addition  to  the  import  and  export  duty  at  Camoay.  l^he  stones  are  sold  to  heads 
of  the  lapidary  manufactories.    The  town  import  duty  is  1^  rupees. 


CaVs-ri/e^  Chemmdar. — The  prin- 
cipal colour  is  grey,  presenting 
many  varieties  usually  translu- 
cent. It  is  hard,  bears  the  im- 
pression of  a  cat's  or  bird's  eye 
more  or  less  perfect,  is  much 
esteeme<l,  and  receives  a  high 
degree  of  polish. 

Roree,  or  Lussunia.  —  A  yellow 
pebble,  semi-transparent,  found 
scantily  with  the  cnt's-eye;  re- 
ceives a  verj*  fine  polish,  and  is 
much  esteemed:  usually  cut  for 
rinj^-stonos. 


Found  on  the  Bowa  Gore 
and  B.  Abbas  hi  I  Is,  or  at 
their  base,  or  in  the  bed 
of  the  river  formed  by 
the  rains  between  the 
hills,  which  is  dry  in 
the  month  of  October. 


iDitto 


ditto. 


It  occurs  in  blunt-edged 
or  rolled  pieces;  the 
pebbles  are  of  various 
shapes  and  small  size, 
not  exceeding  2  oz.  in 
weight. 


|The  pebbles  are  searched  for  bv 
the  Bheels  of  the  district,  ami 
disi)osed  of  to  the  contnu*tor  at 
Ruttonpore,  who  sells  them  to 
the  head  of  the  different  lapi- 
dary' manufactories  at  Cambay. 


Ditto 


ditto. 


Ditto 


ditto. 


Dependencies.] 


BAST  INDIES. 


865 


DESCRIPTION  OF  ARTICLES. 


A  cannon,  with  carriage,  and  timber  carriage  and  appurtenance  complete         .         .         .  each 

A  cannon,  with  carrictfe,  of  moss  or  other  agates,  or  bloodstone ,i 

A  set  of  chess-men.  ofany  two  varieties  of  stone per  set 

A  set  of  Tari^atea  slabs,  twenty  pieces  to  form  a  small  square  table        ....  „ 

An  oval  slab  and  pedestal,  forming  a  miniature  table       .         .         .         .      *  .         .         .  each 

A  large  cup  and  saucer,  of  agate  or  bloodstone „ 

A  cup  and  saucer  of  small  size,  ditto „ 

Slabs  large,  six  pieces  of  different,  or  one  description  of  stone,  to  form  into  a  box       .         .  each  set 

Slabs,  a  pair,  to  form  the  top  and  bottom  of  a  box,  large per  pair 

Slabs,  a  pair,  to  form  the  top  and  bottom,  of  smaller  size,  for  snuff  or  other  box        .         .  „ 

A  pen-rack,  with  ink-stand  and  pen-holder per  set 

A  watch-stand each 

A  letter  or  card-rack „ 

A  flower-stand  or  vase „ 

Knife-handles,  of  good  description per  dozen 

Butter-knife-baudles,  of  agate  or  bloodstone per  pair 

Ralers,  of  agates,  bloodstone,  &c each 

Paper-cutters,  ditto,  of  sizes „ 

Paper-weights,  of  different  sizes  and  patterns ,, 

Rough  specimens  of  ston^.  one  side  polished per  dozen 

Stones  for  brooches,  of  different  patterns each 

Bracelets,  of  variety  of  patterns per  pair 

Necklaces,  of  ditto,  ditto each  set 

Crochet  needles,  pen-holders,  and  seals l)er  pair 

Braces,  studs,  ana  coat-button  studs per  dozen 

Shirt  studs- „ 

Marbles,  of  different  sizes „ 

Comeliani,  stamps  for  engraving  initials  or  crests per  pair 

EaiHlrops,  with  tops  to  match „ 


Amoant, 

Rupew. 

From 

To 

200 

250 

70 

100 

75 

100 

85 

45 

25 

35 

40 

50 

10 

20 

35 

50 

8 

15 

3 

6 

20 

25 

8 

10 

10 

12 

ao 

SO 

12 

18 

3 

4 

3 

5 

1 

3 

3 

6 

3 

4 

1 

4 

4 

8 

4 

10 

1 

3 

3 

4 

. . 

1 

1 

2 

3 

6 

1 

3 

Table  prepared  from  the  Cambat  Custom-house  RBTUKys,  exhibiting  the  Value  of  the  Traffic  in  Wrought 
GHubay  Stones,  and  Export  Duty  thereon,  for  two  official  years,  1848-49  and  1849-50,  commencing  in  May  and 
.    ending  in  April. 


Small 
Pliekaget. 

PMJuKe. 

Rnraboo 
Uwiket. 

Urge 
Hox. 

Bags  of  Cornelian 

sent  in 
large  Bales  of  Clotb. 

Total  Valne 

of  Cornel  ian  aent 

each  Year. 

Cnstomt'  Pufv 

on  the  part  of  t^ie 

British  (iovernment. 

1848-49 
1849-50 

Uundry. 
10 
18 

Kcthl 
3 
1 

Kimdin. 
13 
11 

PiitJe. 
23 
6 

lUlea. 

49 
98 

Bairi. 

312 

536 

R.             A.      F. 

108,422     0    0 
94,902     0     0 

W.          A.      p. 

i,3:»o    4    0 

1,186     4     6 

In  the  above  table,  the  export  duty  levied  bv  the  Nawab 
is  not  given  :  the  amount  exactly  trebles  that  of  the 
British  Ghjvemment,  which  is  calculated  at  one  rupee  and 
four  annas  per  cent,  on  valuation  ;  this  is  independent  of 
private  fees  levied  by  the  Nawab's  native  officials. 

The  agate  and  cornelian  trade  forms  a  subject  of  much 
interest,  but  its  "  modus  operandi"  has  hitherto  excited 
iittle  attention  :  no  desire  has  been  manifested  to  acquire  a 
knowledge  of  its  varied  and  complex  process,  from  first 
procuring  the  stones  in  the  rough  state,  to  the  ultimate 

Srfection  of  finish  arrived  at  by  tTie  art  of  the  lapidary  at 
imbay.  This  I  have  now  attempted  to  describe  in  detail; 
and  from  the  foregoing  statement  of  the  different  agates 
and  cornelians,  it  will  be  evident  that  though  they  still 
bear  the  name  of  Cambay  stones,  and  tliis  place  has  held 
the  reputation  for  a  considerable  time  of  being  famed  for 
its  stone  quarries,  tliey  are  actually  brouglit  hero  in  the 
rough  state  from  diflTerent  parts  of  Guzerat,  and  are  only 
wrought  in  the  lapidary  workshops  establishe<l  here  for 
upwards  of  a  centun' ;  and  although  the  value  of  the 
traffic  has  been  considerably  reduced  of  late  years  it  still 
forms,  next  to  cloth,  the  principal  article  of  commerce, 
yielding  a  good  profit  to  the  traders,  forming  a  valuable 
source  of  revenue  to  the  State,  and  giving  employment  to 
nearly  two  thousand  ]>eople  eii^ajTed  in  the  manipulation 
of  the  articles  in  the  busy  workshops,  amounting  in  all  to 
about  seventy-five  large  and  twenty-five  small  shops. 

The  traders  consist  of  about  fourteen  Bannyans  and 
Borali  merchants,  who  purchase  the  wroiight  articles 
from  the  hetuU  of  the  lapidary  workmen,  and  send  them 
to  Bombay,  Djedda,  and  other  ports. 


The  workmen  or  artificers  form  a  distinct  cor|iomte 
body  called  the  ukkeekia  jamut,  or  punchayat,  and  are 
designated  as  follows  : — 100  ukkeekias,  master  artificers, 
or  heads  of  establishment  ;  300  gasseas  or  workers  on 
the  lapidary  wheels ;  2(X)  dholias  or  polishers  on  the 
rough  and  hard  polisliing-stone ;  50  puttymars  or  jx)* 
Ushers  on  the  wooden  frame  ;  100  badars  or  borers,  those 
employed  on  the  drilling  process — 750  in  number.  These 
form  the  punchayat,  or  regularly  constituted  trades'  craft. 
Besides  which,  upwards  of  a  thousand  people  are  employed 
in  the  difierent  shops  as  day-labourers  in  tlie  chi]ij>ing 
process,  cutting  slabs,  &e. ;  they  consist  of  men  and  boys 
of  both  Hindoo  and  Mahommedan  faith. 

The  punchayat  holds  the  power  of  abiding  to  their  com- 
munity— the  party  so  privileged,  paying  a  fee  of  a  hnndretl 
rupees  for  his  admission  into  the  craft,  wliieh  is  spent  in 
dinners.  Each  department  of  labour  remains  distinct  ; 
the  artizan  in  one  branch  ^ill  not  interfere  with  or  under- 
take the  work  of  another  branch,  and  each  enjoys  distinct 
{jrivileges  appertaining  to  his  particiUar  department  nt«d- 
ess  to  notice  here. 

Coal,  from  IIooz  Mine,  Arracan,  and  from  Mergui. 

Coal,  and  accomi>anying  rocks,  from  Singrowlee. — 
Worked  by  the  Messrs.  llamilton  and  Co.  of  Mirzajwre. 

Coal,  from  Kurhurbalce. 

Coal  and  coke,  from  Assam. 

Coal,  from  Indurgerbaand  Badum.and  fromCossya  Hill. 

Coal,  or  lignite,  from  the  Tronibow  River,  in  Cutcli. 

Coal,  from  Nepal  and  Bunlwan  coal  mine*. 

Petroleum,  from  Silliet,  Assam,  Arrakan,  Akyal>,  and 
Cheduba. 


866 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Cou>!aE8in 


Doopashapomie  resin  in  earth  ;  heerakusseo,  Tariety  of 
amber ;  from  Murr. 

Mineral  resin  (amber),  firom  Cutch.  This  is  dug  up 
with  the  coal  at  the  Trombow  River. 

Sandstone,  firom  GwaUor. 

Sulphur  and  saltpetre,  from  Nepal. 

Sulphate  of  iron. 

Carbonate  of  Soda,  firom  Cuddapah  and  Bellary. 

Carbonate  of  soda,  nearly  pure,  prepared  firom  Dhoby's 
(Washerman's)  earth. — Professor  Key. 

Salt,  fi'om  Tanjore  and  VizagapatAm. 

Saltpetre  of  Maganore  and  Errode,  Potash,  nitrate  of^ 
or  saltpetre,  from  Coimbatore  and  Bengal. 

Pearlash,  firom  Madras ;  pearlash  prepared  from  nitte 
and  charcoal,  two  sorts,  and  fivm  Lahore. 

Magnesia,  carbonate  of,  from  Bellary,  Salem,  and 
Oopalon. 

Salt,  from  Nepal. 

Salt  firom  Nowpadah  pans — from  Yizagapatam. 

Salt  produced  by  periodical  inundation  of  sea  oxer  a 
sandy  plain,  collected  into  heaps  after  evaporation — from 
Coombaconum. 

Bootan  rock  salt. 

Alum,  and  earth  from  which  it  is  extracted,  firom  Cutch. 
This  earth  is  chiefly  found  near  the  town  of  Murr. 
About  one^sixth  of  the  alum  manufactured  is  used  for 
home  consumption,  and  the  remainder  is  exported  to 
Marwar,  Bombay,  &.c. 

Mode  of  manufacturing  alum  in  Cutch  : — "  The  shale 
from  which  alum  is  obtained  forms  beds  in  the  varie- 
gated marl,  and  in  a  kind  of  blue  clay.  Long  galleries 
are  cut  for  the  purpose  of  extracting  it ;  but  so  plentiful  is 
the  supply,  that  no  means  are  taken  to  support  them,  and 
they  generally  fidl  in  during  the  rainy  season.  The  manner 
in  which  the  alum  is  prepard  is  very  simple :  the  earth  is 
exposed  in  heaps  to  the  sun  and  air  for  about  five  months, 
during  which  it  bums  spontaneously.  It  is  next  laid  out 
in  Uttle  beds,  similar  to  those  of  a  field  prepared  for  irriga- 
tion, and  it  is  watered  by  a  small  stream  for  ten  or  fifteen 
days,  by  which  time  the  aluminous  matter  accumulates 
into  semi-crystalline  plates.  This  substance  is  boiled  in 
water  for  about  seven  hours,  after  which,  a  third  or  one- 
halfi  by  weight,  of  potash  is  added,  and  it  is  again  boiled 
for  a  few  hours,  according  to  the  strength  of  the  ley.  It 
is  then  poured  into  a  large  open  vessel,  where,  after  settling 
for  some  time,  it  is  washed,  and  the  hquid  drawn  off, 
leaving  an  impure  crystalline  sediment.  Tliis  is  once 
more  boiled,  and  when  it  arrives  at  a  proper  state,  which 
is  learned  by  practice,  it  is  poured  into  large  earthen 
vessels  with  small  mouths,  and  sunk  into  the  ground  to 
prevent  their  breaking.  After  a  time  the  vessels  are  dug 
out,  broken  to  pieces,  and  a  lump  of  pure  alum  extracted. 
Six  or  eight  measures,  by  weight,  of  alum  are  produced 
from  ten  measures  of  the  substance  from  the  irrigating 
beds,  and  four  or  five  measures  of  potash." — Capt.  Grant*  s 
Oeology  of  CuUh,  p.  295. 

"  One  pound  of  alum  is  manufactured  at  Murr  for  about 
15  of  a  farthing,  and  transported  to  Bombay  at  an  expense 
of  about  -ft  of  a  farthing,  so  that  wliatevcr  alum  fetches  in 
the  Bombay  market  beyond  the  above,  amounting  to 
rather  more  than  two  farthings  a  pound,  remains  as  a 
profit  to  the  merehant  and  the  state. 

"  Cutch  alum  sells  for  a  considerably  higher  price  than 
Cliina  alum. 

"  Alum  and  iron  are  only  manufactured  in  the  cold 
season,  so  that  illustrations  of  the  process  of  manuGacture 
could  not  be  procured." 

Steatite  black  and  white,  from  Arracan. 
Marble  slabs  fi^m  Bellar)' ;  bricks  made  of  white  clay ; 
mai'blc  mortar,  rough — from  the  Ceded  Districts. 


Honcstone  from  Toongabudra  River,  from  Eumoed. 

Lithographic  stones,  from  Kumool,  Juggiapettah,  anj 
Datchapilly. 

Bough  and  polished  graphite;  red  and  jeOowodne; 
potstone  and  mica^  from  Bengal. 

Koorun  or  Corundum,  from  Salem  and  MaUbar. 

Talc,  from  NepaL 

Yellow  ochre,  firom  Malacca. 

Limestone,  irom,  Hooz  Mines,  Amkan. 

Kunkur,  firom  fioogly. 

Limestone,  from  Mirzpore  and  SiDiefc. 

Kunkur  and  limestone,  firom  BengaL 

Building  stones  firom  Cutch.  These  are  principaOj 
calcareous. 

Polished  stones  from  Cutch.  These  are  speriiBcai 
of  the  different  limestone  formations  in  Cutch. 

Stones  of  different  kinds,  potter's  days  and  earths^  kc 
from  Nepal. 

Marbles  of  Gooty,  firom  BeUary. 

Serpentine. 

A  plate  of  stone-like  jasper,  three  of  agate,  two  of  gncs 
marble ;  two  cups  of  jasper  agate,  two  01  breodated  agate; 
two  pestles  and  mortars,  and  two  of  jasper  agate;  m, 
squares  of  the  above,  three  stones,  and  three  rough  Uocki 
— firom  Jesselmere. 

Primitive  marble;  serpentine;  primitiTe  Umeitooe; 
red  and  yellow  jasper;   puddingstone ;    iasper;   brova 

i'asper;  plastic,  yellow,  and  slate-colomea  days;  white 
[aohn  earth;  soapstone  for  stills;  Kakmmg garnets  ia 
serpentine,  used  tor  making  pots  and  pans;  sod  two 
bottles  of  Mehanet  oil — firom  Assam. — Major  Hanaay. 

Pipe-clay,  yellow  ochre,  and  clay,  from  Singapore. 

Clay,  from  alluvial  soil,  from  River  Hoogfa^. 

Limestone ;  tremenheerite ;  alabaster;  peirolemi; 
agate,  cornelian,  and  caloedony;  Ava  gem  aand — firaai 
Tennasserim  Province. 

Fossil  trees,  from.  Nerbudda. 

Fossil  woodsj  from  Assam. 

Petrifactions  and  petrified  woods,  from  Bengal  lad 
Mirzapore. 

Mineral  Substances  from  Madras^ 

1  Wliitc  kaolin,  fi*om  Ahloor,  near  Salem. 

2  Magncsian  kaohn,  fi*om  hills  near  TeUofe. 

3  Kaolin,  or  porcelain  earth,  firom  Bangalore. 

4  Magnesian  kaoUn,  firom  Chingleput. 

5  Kaolin,  or  poreehun  earth,  firom  Cuddapah. 

6  Talcose  kaohn,  from  BimUpatam. 

7  Kaolin,  or  porcelain  earth,  from  Chittoor. 

8  Fine  white  kaohn,  firom  Tittvanoore. 

9  Kaolin,  or  porcelain  earth,  from  Dindunl  Hills. 
10  Felspathic  kaohn,  from  Trivatoo  and  Chingleput. 
11 — 13  White  kaolin,  from  Yellore  or  Amee,  Sfadrssi 

and  Cliittoor. 

14  Kaolin,  from  Salem. 

15,  16  White  kaolin,  fi*om  Madura  and  Chicacoile. 

17  Kaolin,  firom  Salem. 

18  Magnesian  kaolin,  from  Bellary. 

19  Cream-coloured  kaolin,  from  Atoor,  near  Salem. 

20  Felspathic  kaolin,  firom  Triputhy  Hills. 

21  Cream-coloured  kaolin,  from  Neilgherriea. 

22  White  kaoHn,  composed   of  decayed  felspar  and 
soapstone,  horn  Salem. 

23,  24  Dirty    yellowish   and    silicious   kaolin,  from 
Chingleput. 

(Specimens  of  the  rock  of  the  hill  above.) 

25  SiHcious  kaohn,  firom  Little  Mount,  Madras. 

26  Pink  kaolin,  fix)m  Neilgherries. 

27  Fawn-coloured  kaolin,  firom  Salem« 

28  Bed  kaoUn,  from  Salem. 

29  Puce-coloured  kaolin,  fi^ra  Bangalore. 

30  Greenish  yellow  kaolin,  from  Bangalore. 

31 — 35  Shale,  a  true  fire  clay,  from  Streepennat<XH', 
Trepasoor,  Chingleput,  Mettopolhum,  and  Cuddapah. 
30  Rock  crystal,  from  Tanjore. 
37,  38  Rose  and  milk  quartz,  fix)m  Arcot. 
39  Smoky  quartz,  from  Nellore. 


Dependexcibs.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


SG7 


40,  41  Common  quartz  and  hyalite,  fiY>m  Chingleput. 

42  Amethystine  quartz,  from  Yizagapatam. 

43  Conunon    thick   fibrous    amethyst,    from  Ching- 
leput. 

44  Flint,  from  Yizianagrum. 

45  Magnesite,  a  pure  carbonate  of  magnesia,  from 
Ifungungode. 

46  SiUciouB  magnosite,  from  Trichinopoly. 

47  Soapstone,  from  Salem. 

48  White  and  pink  soapstone,  from  Ghmjam. 

49  Grey  soapstone,  or  steatite,  from  Chittore. 

50  Potatone,  or  lapis  ollaris,  with  a  pot  cut  of  pot- 
•tone,  from  Cuddapah. 

51  Sulphate  of  baryta,  or  heavy  spAri  from  Kumool. 

52  Corundum,    from    Gopaul    ChettypoUum,     near 
west  of  Salem. 

53  Adularia,  from  near  Chingleput. 

54  Pink  and  white  felspar,  from  near  Arcot. 

55  Pegmatite,  from  Arcot. 

56,  57  Zeolite  and  Indianite,  from  near  Chingleput. 

58  Adularia,  from  near  Arcot. 

59  White  felspar,  from  Bamlipatam. 

60  Felspar,  from  Chingleput  and  Salem. 

61  Glossy  felspar,  near  Arcot. 

62  Varieties  ot  felspar,  from  Naggery  Ilills,  Madras. 

63  deavelandite,  from  Coimbatore. 

64  Pink  felspar,  from  Chingleput. 

65  Grsy  felspar,  from  Arcot. 

66  Granular  pink  felspar,  from  Yizianagrum. 

67  Common  granular  felspar,  from  Chingleput. 

68  Fluate  of  lime,  from  Madura. 

69  Satin  spar,  from  Ceded  Districts. 

70  Cube  spar,  from  near  Salem. 

71  Calcareous  spar,  from  Ceded  Districts. 

72  Fibrous  gypsum,  very  pure,  from  Bangalore. 

73  Fibrous  gypsum  and  varieties  of  sulphate  of  lime, 
from  KumooL 

74  Selenite,  or  glossy  gypsum,  from  Trichinopoly. 

75  Tale  and  mica,  finom  Salem  and  Yizagapatam. 

76  Homstone,  or  chert,  from  Cuddapah. 

77  Black  chert,  from  Tarputty. 

78  White  quartz  (occurs  m  blocks  of  enormous  size), 
from  Chingleput. 

79  Iron  flint  and  grey  nummulite,  from  Chingleput. 

80  Fhnty  slate,  from  Kistnah,  below  Bachore. 

81  Pipe-clav,  white,  from  Neilgherry. 

82  Gr^  bail  clay,  from  Poonamallee. 

83,  84  White  ball  clay,  from  Chicacole  and  Iluttnoor. 

85  Blue  ball  clay,  from  Cuddalore. 

86  Qrej  ball  clay,  from  Poonamallee. 

87  Yellow  ball  cky,  from  Streepermatoor  and  Red 
HiUs. 

88  Grey  salt  glaze  clay,  from  Salem. 

89  Light  spongy  clay,  from  Cliingleput. 

90  Yellow  magnesian  clay,  from  Red  Hills,  Madras. 

91  Tough  yellow  clay,  from  Chingleput. 

92  Yellow  magnesian  clay,  from  Poonamallee. 

93,  94  Grey  magnesian  and  tough  grey  clays,  from 
Streepermatoor. 

95,  96  Grey  and  yellow  clays,  from  Salem. 

97  Puoe-coloured  clay,  from  Cuddapah. 

98  LaTender-coloured  clay,  from  Bellary. 

99  Red  magnesian  clay,  from  Red  Hilh*,  ^fadras. 
100,  101  Tough  brown   and   dark-brown   clays,  from 

liadras. 

102  Black   bituminous   clay,    from    Rajahs    Choultry, 
Madras. 

103  Black  clay,  from  Salem. 

104  Black  tank  bed  clay,  from  Cliingleput. 

105  Black  clay  (the  matrix  of  the  sulphate  of  Ume), 
from  Monegar  Choultry,  Madras. 

106  Regur,  or  black  cotton  soil  Cyields  a  fine  tough  cLiy 
by  washing),  from  Bellary. 

107  Silt,  from  Chingleput. 

108  Grey  stony  silt,  from  Telaveram  Tlill. 

109  Green  stony  silt,  from  Stnvpermatr>or. 

1 10  Grey  silt,  from  Cudda{Hili. 


111  Yellow  and  red  ochrey  clay,  from  Tilaveram. 

112  Bastard  fire-clay,  or  shale  (contains  gyrogonites  or 
fossil  seeds),  from  TLlavcram,  Streepermatoor. 

113,  114  Yellow  and  orange  marl,  from  Chingleput. 

115  Light  red  marl,  from  Salem. 

116  Dark  red  marl,  from  Chingleput. 

117  Purple  marl,  from  the  Monegar  Choultry,  Madras. 
118,  119  Brown  and  grey  marl,  from  Cliingleput. 

120  Dark-grey  magnesian  marl,  from  Red  Hills,  Madras. 

121  Greenish-white  marl,  from  Chingleput  and  WaUa- 
jabad. 

122,  123  Greenish-yellow  earth  and  friable  lithomarge, 
frx>m  Bangalore. 

124  Indurated  lithomargc,  from  Cuddalore. 
126  Rock  crystal,  from  Toomboodra. 

126  Smoky  quartz,  from  Tanjore. 

127  Agate  and  calcedony,  from  Rajahmundry. 

128  White  quartz,  from  Tilaveram  Hills,  Madras. 

129  White  stone,  or  albite,  from  Pellaur  River. 

130  Ilyahte,  from  Nellore. 

131  White  sand,  from  Madras. 

132  Yariety  of  ice  spar,  from  Salem. 

133,  134  Glassy  felspar  and  pegmatite,  from  Arcot. 

135  Green  stone,  from  Tilaveram  Hills. 

136  Yenctian  talc,  from  Salem. 

137  Common  salt,  from  Masuhpatam. 

138  Refined  salt,  from  Nellore. 

139  Magnesia,  or  magnesite,  from  Salem  and  Trich- 
inopoly. 

140  Epsom  salts  (prepared  from  the  Salem  magnesite, 
by  Dr.  Lima),  from  Port  Novo. 

141  Saltpetre,  from  Errode  and  Salem. 

142  Purified  saltpetre,  from  Gunpowder  Manufactory, 
Madras. 

143  Carbonate  of  potash,  from  Madras. 

144  Purified  carbonate  of  soda  prepared  from  Dhoby*s 
(Washerman's)  earth  from  Madras. 

145  Alum,  from  Yizianagrum. 

146  Baryta,  from  Cuddapah. 

147  Bicliromate  of  potash  (prepared  from  chromate  of 
iron),  from  Port  Novo. 

148  Prepared  lime  (from  the  shells  on  the  beach),  from 
Madras. 

149,  150  Greyish-wliite  and  yellowish-white  marbles 
(granular),  from  Cuddapah. 

151  Yellow  marble,  from  Gooty  Hills. 

152 — 155  Green,  pink,  grey,  and  lavender-coloured 
marbles,  from  Cuddapah. 

156 — 158  Purplish-coloured,  wax-coloured,  and  bluish- 
grey  marbles,  from  Cc<led  Districts. 

159  Grey  and  yellow  marble,  from  Ryelcherro,  near 
Cuddapah. 

160  Black  marble,  from  Tarputty. 

161  Grey  lithographic  marble,  from  Datchapilly. 

162  Grey  Uthographic  marble,  from  Cuddapah. 

163, 164  Yellowish-grey  Uthographic  marble,  from  Kur- 
nool  and  Juggiah]K'tt. 

165,  166  Dolomite,  or  magnesian  Umestone,  from  Tra- 
vanoore  and  Rajahnmnclrj'. 

167  Calcareous  Umestone  (from  the  vicinity  of  the 
fossil  shell  Ume),  from  Trichinopoly. 

168  Porph\'ritic  dolomite  (occurs  under  the  yoUowijih 
Umestone),  from  Cuddapah. 

109  White  and  grey  nrxlular  limestone,  from  C*liingl«i»ut. 

170  Kunkur,  a  variety  of  nodular  Umef«tone,  from  Cud- 
dafmh. 

171  Septaria,  or  hydraulic  cement  stones,  from  Cliin- 
gleput 

172  Shfllrt,  from  the  lieach,  Mo/lras. 

173  White  granite,  without  nii<ra,  from  Arcot. 


174  Coinpa<'t  white  granite  or  ijcgrnatite;    the   nanie, 

r^lin    b} 
water;  from  Chingl«'put. 


convertcil    artifirially  into   kat^lin    by    steeping   in    lime- 


17r>--177  White  granite,  green  and  pink  gran ito,  and 
labradoritr,  or  varieifsted  frUjwir,  from  CliinghiMit. 

\7H  l*or|>hyritir  pink  granit**,  containing  piniall  crj«»taU 
of  tourmaline,  from  Seringapatam. 


868 


EAST  INDIES. 


rCOL0!aES  ASh 


179  Flesh-oolourcd  granite,  from  CUingleput. 

180  Syenite,  from  ^Vrcot. 

181,  182  Pink  granite  and  syenite,  from  Bangalore. 
183  Grey  granite,  from  Cuddapah. 

181  Bright  red  granite?,  from  Bangalore. 

185  Pinkish  granite,  from  Bellary. 

186  Mica  schist,  from  Cuddapah. 

187  Mica  schist  (occurs  with  plumbago),  from  Bimli- 
patam. 

188  Porphyritic  granite,  from  Chingleput. 

189  Porphyry  (composed  of  basalt  and  quartz),  from. 
Bangalore. 

190  PorphyiT  (composed  of  siUcious  limestone  and 
large  crystals  oi  felspar;,  frt>m  Cuddapah. 

191  Porphyry  (composed  of  siUoious  paste,  embedding 
fragments  of  jasper,  quartz,  and  felspar),  from  AllumpiUy. 

192  Porphyritic  conglomerate,  from  Cuddapah. 

193  SiUcious  eurite,  a  variety  of  greenstone,  from  Ban- 
galore. 

194,  195  Qreenstone,  from  Tilaveram  Hills  andNellore. 

196  Hornblende,  from  Hoonsoor. 

197  Hornblende  schist,  from  Bangalore. 

198  Basaltic  hornblende,  from  Arcot. 

199  Basalt,  from  DunneL 

200  Black  slaty  limestone,  from  Cuddapah. 

201  Serjxjntine  and  serpentine  porphyry,  from  Banga- 
lore 

202  Spongy  clay  ironstone,  from  Ked  Hills. 

203  Slate  for  roofing  or  building,  from  Kahdgce, 
20-1,  205,  206  Building  slate ;    slate,  containing  large 

grains   of  iron  pyrites;   and  roofing  slate,   from  C\id- 
dapah. 

207  Polishing  slate,  from  the  Ceded  Districts. 

208  Slaty  marble,  from  the  Tumbbovdra. 

209  Whetstone,  from  Kistnah  River. 

210  Grey  whetstone,  from  Nellore. 

211  Yellow  whetstone,  marked.  No.  67,  from  Cuddapah. 

212  Grey  flinty  slate,  from  Tilaveram  Hills. 

213  Grey  soft  aluminous  whetstone,  from  Bunkrapett. 

214  Aluminous  slate,  from  Cuddapah. 

215  Sandstone,  from  South  Arcot. 

216,  217  Sandstone  or  freestone,  from  NeUore  and  Ken- 
cattagherry. 

218  Sandstone,  from  Nellore. 

219  Aluminous  shale,  yields  sulphate  of  alumina,  from 
Cliingleput. 

220  Sandstone,  embedding  gyrogonitea,  from  Streeper- 
matoor. 

221  Compact  aluminous  shale,  from  Nuttmn  Hill, 
Chingleput. 

222  Claystone,  from  a  bed  of  marl,  from  Chingleput. 

223  Diamond  breccia,  from  AllumpiUy. 

224  Hyacinth,  from  Nuttum  Hill,  Cliingleput. 

225,  226  Wliife  and  blue  sappliires,  from  Kangagum, 
Coimbatore. 

227  Lepidolite,  from  Cuddapah. 

228  Clevelandite,  or  precious  felspar,  from  Chingleput. 

229  Clevelandite,  from  Vizagapatam. 

230,  231  Emery  and  corundum,  from  Gopaulchetty 
PoUium. 

232 — 234  Red,  blue,  and  green  corundum,  from  Sha- 
lashe-raiyn  and  Salem. 

235  Bcrj'l,  or  aquamarine,  from  Kangayum,  Coim- 
batore. 

236  Schorl,  from  Gopaulchetty  PoUiuni. 

237  Tourmaline,  from  Salem. 

238  Precious  garnet,  from  Condapillv. 

239  Common  garnet,  from  Bangalore. 

240  Amethyst,  from  Hydrabad, 

241  Agate,  from  Rajahmundry. 

242  Cat's-eye,  from  Kistnah  River,  Rachore. 

2^13,  244  Jasper  poq)hyry  and  jasj)er,  from  the  Ceded 
Districts. 

245  Rock  crystal,  from  Naggery  Hills,  Madras. 

246  Common  opal,  from  Kistnah. 
2-17  Calcedony,  from  Rajahmundry. 
248  Cornelian,  from  Godaverj'. 


249  Onyx,  from  Kiatnah. 

250  Bloodstone,  from  Sakm. 

251  Wood  opal,  from  Madura. 

252  Petrosilez,  or  petrified  wood,  from  Soutli  Aieot 

253  Sandstone  coloured  by  gold,  from  tba  Wolav 
Ghaut. 

254 — 256  Menacranite,  or  oxide  of  titanium ;  oside  of 
titanium,  with  mieaoebua  ore ;  and  rariegaAed  copper  or^ 
very  rich  in  metal,  from  the  Neilgfaeriy  HIDs. 

257,  258  Grey  and  green  copper  ore,  rich  in  the  mcUl; 
and  Uver-coloured  copper,  from  Guntoor. 

259  Dark  red  copper,  from  Tadah  Tidooh,  Gtmtoor. 

260  Compact  copper-glance  and  grey  ooppcr  en,  froa 
Copper  Mountain,  Belhuy. 

261  Malachite  and  puiple  copper  ore,  poor  in  metal, 
from  Nellore. 

262  Black,  green,  and  gr^  copper,  fifom  Kaggqiatt 
Talook,  Nellore. 

263  Fibrous  grey  manganese  ore  and  dendritea,  from 
Mahratta  country. 

264  Black  clay,  containing  blaek  oxide  of  mangaaeie, 
from  Ncilgherry. 

265  Umber,  or  brown  oxide  of  manganese  and  iroa, 
from  Neilgherry. 

266  Native  antimony,  and  grey  antimony  ore^  fron 
Yizianagrum. 

267,  268  Radiated  grey  antimony  ore,  or  sulphurri  of 
antimony ;  and  galena,  or  lead-glance,  frt>m  KumooL 

269  Galena,  or  sulphuret  of  lead ;  ooemv  in  beds  of 
limestone  and  sulphate  of  baiyta,  from  Cuddapah. 

270  Chromato  of  iron,  from  South  Arooi. 

271  CSiromate  of  iron,  from  Salem. 

272  Cube-ore,  or  arseniato  of  iron,  from  GKmtoor. 

273  Terrestrial  native  iron,  highly  mu^patHCf  hom 
Salem. 

274,  275  Common  iron  pyrites ;  and  hepatie  iron  oiv, 
or  liver  pyrites,  from  Cuddapah. 

276  Common  magnetic  ironstone,  from  Chin|^epuL 

277  Iron  sand,  or  arenaceous  magueUc  ironstoiie^  froia 
Calicut. 

278  Iron  sand,  from  Madras. 

279  Earthy  magnetic  ironstone,  from  Chinglepat. 
280,  281  S|)ecular  iron  ore,  or  iron-glance ;  and  mbIt 

red  iron  ore,  or  red  iron  tooth,  from  Tixagapatanu 

282  Ochiy  red  ironstone,  or  red  ochre,  frtm  Oumgle- 
put. 

283  Common  red  ironstone,  from  Cuddapah. 

284  Red  haematite,  from  Yizianagrum. 

285  Red  hsematite,  or  fibrous  red  ironstone,  from 
Cliingleput. 

286,  287  Compact  brown  ironstone ;  and  brown  he- 
matite, or  fibrous  brown  ironstone,  from  Bed  Hills» 
Madras. 

288,  289  Compact  black  ironstone,  from  Chingleput  and 
Salem. 

290  Black  hematite,  from  Tilaveram  Hills. 

291  Sparry  ironstone,  from  Kumool  and  Cnddapah. 

292  Jaspery  clay  ironstone,  from  Soondoor. 

293  Common  cuiv  ironstone,  from  Red  Hills. 
293a  Laterite,  from  Madras. 

294  Rcniform,  or  kidney-shaped  day  ironstone,  from 
Red  Hills,  Madras. 

295  Meadow  ore,  or  conchoidal  bog  iron  ore,  from 
Tilaveram  and  Vizagapatam.' 

296  A^csicular  iron  ore,  from  Bangalore,  Chingiepot, 
Nellore,  and  Salem. 

297  Vesicular  iron  ore,  from  North  Arcot. 

298,  299  Black  band  iron,  from  Sondoor,  Salem,  and 
Cliingleput. 

300  Iron  ore,  from  Kumool. 

301  Purple  oxide  of  iron,  Cuddapah. 

302  Octohedral  crystals  of  peroxide  of  iron,  from  Salem. 

303  Silvery  white  kaohn,  from  Bimlipatam. 

304  Cream-coloured  ochre,  from  Salem. 

305  Warm  stone-coloured  ochre,  from  Cliingleput. 

306  Pure  stone-coloured  ochre,  from  Bangaloiv. 

307  Flesh-stone  coloured  ochre,  from  Salem. 


Depexdkkcies.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


869 


908  Dark  Bhade  of  grej  ochre,  from  Nuttum. 

309  White  ochre,  or  porcelain  earth,  from  Bangalore. 

310  Pale  yellow  ochre,  from  Nuttum  Hill. 

311  Deep  yellow  ochre,  common  in  the  bazaar  at  Ma- 
drea. 

812,  313  Orange  ochre,  made  from  the  yellow  ochre  by 
heat,  and  bright  yellow  ochre,  from  Cudda])ah. 

314  Roman  ochre,  from  Chingleput. 

315  LftTender-coloured  ochre,  from  Bangalore. 

316  Brown-coloured  ochre,  from  Cliingleput. 

317  Salmon-coloured  ochre,  from  Salem. 

318  Venetian  red,  from  Madras. 

319  Light  red  ochre,  prepared  from  the  yellow  ochre, 
from  Nuttum  liilL 

820  Antwerp  red,  from  Ghinjam. 
821,  322  Inoian  red  and  purple  ochre,  from  Chingleput. 
323,  324  Raw  and  dark  umber,  from  Neilgherry. 
325,  326  Raw  and  burnt  sienna,  from  Salem. 

327  Cologne  brown,  from  Neilgherry. 

328  Peroxide  of  manganese,  from  Mahratta  country. 
829  Plumbago,  or  black  lead,  from  Yizianagnun. 
880  Iron  sand,  from  Bimbilipatam. 

831  Ultramarine,  prepared  from  the  lapis  laxuli,  frK)m 
Bombay. 

332  Alumine,  coloured  with  madder ;  lake,  prepared 
from  the  munjathe,  or  madder,  from  Chingleput. 


Class  II. 

Chemical  and  Phabhacbutical  Pbocesses  and 

Pboducts. 

[Though  the  Arabs  usually  obtain  credit  for  having 
g^Tcn  origin  to  chemistry,  there  is  every  probabihty  that 
the  Hindoos  were  aoquaintod  with  all  the  substances  and 
preparations  which  are  mentioned  m  the  work  of  Gebcr, 
the  earliest  Arabian  chemist.  Tlie  chemical  substances 
enumerated  by  him  arc  all  met  with  in  India :  some  of 
the  names  by  which  they  are  designated  seem  to  be  derived 
from  the  names  of  the  same  substances  in  India,  as  »ag%- 
flR^n,  frt)m  sajji  noow,  signifying  soda  salt.  The  acids, 
also,  wliich  the  Arabs  prepared,  tlie  Hindoos  have  pro- 
cesses for  making  and  still  continue  to  make,  by  methods 
aa  simple  and  with  an  apparatus  as  rude  as  in  the  most 
ancient  times.  The  Arabs,  moreover,  have  been  proved 
to  have  been  acquainted  with,  as  they  liave  quoted  from, 
the  most  ancient  Hindoo  works  on  medkdne,  in  which 
roost  of  these  chemical  substances  are  mentioned.  In  the 
present  day,  however,  the  chemical  products  of  the  East 
are  not  of  a  nature  to  bear  favourable  comparison  with 
those  of  the  West.  Few,  therefore,  of  such  have  been 
sent  for  exhibition,  and  those  only  wliich  are  employed 
in  medicine;  while  others  have  been  prepared  in  the 
East  India  Company's  dii>iionsary  in  Calcutta,  with  the 
aid,  of  course,  of  European  suiterintcndenee  :  of  these  the 
specimens  of  sulphate  of  magnesia  are  int4.*resting,  as  made 
from  the  magnesite  or  natural  carbonate  of  magnesia  of 
the  Peninsula.  The  hvdroclilorate  of  ammonia  is  obtauied 
in  considerable  quant  it  ioji  from  brick-kilns  in  which  animal 
manure  is  used  as  a  fuel. 

Among  the  medi<;h)al  substnuccs  obtained  from  the 
regi*table  kingdom,  several  an*  idready  well  knowni  in 
Europe.  Tlio  j«cnna  and  the  colocviith  nuiy  be  noticed  as 
good  in  quahty  and  coming  from  new  sources.  What 
is  conunouly  called  India  senna  is  the  (^>wth  either  of 
Arabia  or  of  the  east  coa^t  of  Africa,  being  first  ini- 
portod  into  Bombay  and  thence  sent  to  tliin  countrj'.  The 
seeds  of  Iponua  cctrulea  and  the  roots  of  Convolvulus  tur- 
pelkitm  are  interesting  as  belougijig  to  the  same  natural 
fiimily  a«  the  jalap  and  scaniniony,  and  both  used,  as  thcfHi 
are,  as  purgatives.  Tlie  seeds  of  the  Ipomea  cttrulea  are, 
probably,  the  hub-al-nil^  or  gramum  nil,  of  the  Arabs. 


They  are  much  esteemed  in  India,  as  being  quick  and  yet 
mild  in  their  action.  The  gamboge  of  Oarcinia  tinctorial 
collected  by  Dr.  Hugh  Cleghom,  was  first  discovered  many 
years  ago.  Dr.  Christison  has  lately  shown  that  both 
as  a  pigment  and  as  a  purgative  it  is  very  effective.  It 
may  be  obtained  in  considerable  quantities  in  the  forests 
of  Mysore  and  of  Malabar. 

The  chiretta  {Agaihotes  chiragita),  of  the  family  of 
Gh^ntians,  as  a  bitter  tonic,  is  liighly  esteemed  in  all  parts  of 
the  Bengal  Presidency,  especially  in  the  form  of  cold  infu- 
sion, as  the  krcat  or  creyat  (Juslicia  paniculata)  is  in  the 
Peninsula  of  India.  Tliis  became  celebrated  as  the  basis 
of  the  Drogue  dmere. 

The  oil  of  Celastrus  nutans  was  exhibited  by  the  late 
Dr.  Malcolmson  in  the  treatment  of  b<?riberi.  The  Hemi' 
dasmus  is  valued  as  an  efficient  substitute  for  sarsaparilla. 
Tlie  Calotropis  gigantea,  and  another  species,  C.  Hamil' 
tonii,  may  be  employed  as  substitutes  for  ipecacuanha, 
and  are  esteemed  as  alteratives  in  many  skin  diseases.  Of 
the  animal  substances,  the  blistering  beetle  (Mglabris 
cichotm)  employed  in  India  is  interesting  as  belonging  to 
the  same  genus  as  that  described  by  Dioscorides. 

Several  other  medicinal  substances,  or  which  mnv  bo 
used  as  such,  may  be  found  among  the  spices  and  intoxi- 
cating drugs,  giuns,  resins,  and  oils,  and  among  astrin- 
gents. Most  of  the  medicuics  known  in  India  may  be 
be  seen  in —  . 

The  Collection  of  Mineral^  Vegetable,  and  Animal  Sub' 
stances  useful  in  Medicine  and  the  Arts,  collected  in  the 
Bazaars  of  India,  bg  J.  FoBBES  RoYLE,  M.D.  See  the 
list  at  the  end  of  Class  IV. 

Specimens  of  Aconitina,  obtained  by  two  processes  from 
the  roots  of  Aconitum  ferox,  imported  from  the  Himalayas, 
are  interesting,  as  difficulties  have  been  experienced  in 
obtaining  the  alkali.  They  are  exhibited  by  Mr.  W. 
Headland,  of  King's  College.] 

Medicinal  Substances. 

From  the  Bengal  Fresidencg. 

Borax,  refined ;  Acid,  nitric ;  Acid,  benzoic. 

Arsenious  acid ;  Realgar ;  Orpiment ;  Mineral  carbo- 
nate of  soda ;  Sulphate  of  soda ;  Saltpetre ;  Sulphate  of 
copper ;  Carbonate  of  lead ;  Litharge ;  Minium ;  Cinna- 
bar ;  Corrosive  subUmate ;  Magnesite ;  Magnesia;  sulphas ; 
Hydrochlorate  of  aiumouia. 

Cannabis,  Ind.  ext.  and  tinct. ;  Nux  vomica ;  Nux 
vomici\  bark ;  Aconitum  ferox  ;  Aconitum  tincture ; 
Ca.stor-oil  seeds ;  Cassia  fistula ;  Senna  leaves ;  Oaniboge  ; 
Iiwmcea  cerulea ;  Cheretta  ;  Clieretta  extract  and  tincture; 
Colocjnth  ;  Colocynth  extract  ;  Catechu  ;  Assafcetida  ; 
Calotropis  gigantca  ;  Calotropis  powdered  j  Hemidesnius 
indieus  (Anantoniool). 

Mylabrif*  (Meloe)  t  riant  hemic  (Native  blistcrfly) — From 
E.  1.  Company's  Dii*pen^ary,  Calcutta. 

Hill  honey ;  Gall  nuts ;  Oil  of  culn-bs  and  croton ; 
Muhtard  oil ;  Gi*aj*s  oil ;  Gurjun  oil ;  Medicinal  opium  ; 
Mori)hia  ;  M.  Hydrochloras  et  Aeetas ;  Hyoscvanii,  fol. ; 
Hyohcyami  extratt.  et  tinct  lira;  Stramonii  sem. ;  Can- 
nabis indica  ;  Malkungnee,  or  Celawtnis  nutans ;  M  vrica 
sapida  (bark  of  the) ;  Anuntamool,  or  subi^titute  fur  !*ar>a- 
})arilla ;  Momordiea,  sp. ;  MisihnuH*  bitter  or  Mishnice  tita, 
Coptis  tecta. — E.  I.  Comjjany's  l)i8|X'nj*ar}',  Calcutta. 

Jabrang,  fruit  of  (Xanthoxylimi),  used  in  miHlicinc ; 
Nux  vomica — from  Assam. 

Omolina  arborea ;  Erhitcs  antidysentcrica ;  Afoni^jxT- 
miim  conlifoliuui ;  ('yi>eru«  niunga ;  I{clict«-rfs  i-ora  ; 
Spha-ranthu;*,  pp.  moondtv;  Cheretta  (Agathoton  rhe- 
niyita) ;  Xanthoxjli,  ^p.  Budrunga  Tej-baul ;  Klitum 
iMuodi ;  FfftideaMauriliana?  ;  Poni^amia  arborea ;  Swie- 
tenia  febrifuga ;  Althea,  »p.  Khutmec;  Serratula*,  np. 
KaHiiee ;    Semecaqms    anacardiunt ;    Gardenixi    dunuto- 


870 


EAST  INDIES. 


rCOLOXlES  A51> 


rum ;  Fumaria  officinalis ;  Adiantum  cordatiun ;  Bar- 
ringtonia  acutangiila ;  Cbrdia  graiidiflora ;  Momordica 
miiricata;  Enibelia  robiu'ta;  Liuaria  sp.  Stennilia  ra- 
mosa ;  Asparagus  officinalis  ;  Cassia  fistula ;  Cuciiniis,  sp. 
Kuchreo  ;  Plumbago  zeylanica ;  CsDsalpinia  BonduceDa  ; 
Tribulus  lanuginosus ;  Argemone  mexicana :  Sarsapa- 
rilla,  substitute  for;  Anuntamool,  from  Fatna;  Punica 
granatum,  rind  of  the  fruit  and  bark  of  the  root; 
Tejraj,  Bajraj,  Kamraj,  Doobraj,  and  Madhooraj,  from 
Bhagulpore ;  Yew  leaves,  marked  Podocarpus  nana ; 
Aeorus  calamus,  oil  of  Cubebs ;  Choulmoogra  odorata, 
Choulmoogra ;  oil  of  Croton ;  Camphor  from  Borneo ; 
Cubebs  J  Clioena  kuwab;  Piper  cubeba,  sent  from  Cal- 
cutta. 

The  following  medicinal  substances,  used  by  the  natives 
of  Arrakan,  are  communicated  with  their  local  names  and 
supposed  properties.  They  are  nearly  aU  said  to  be  of 
common  occurrence'  tlirougnout  Bengsd : — 

Guararan,  a  carminative ;  Shuedelai,  a  powder  for  sores ; 
Banzagoophroo,  tonic  alterative;  Gnapoongtsay,  a  car- 
minative ;  Mahaga,  drastic  purgative ;  Toungycn  Khat, 
astringent ;  Tliamaga,  carminative  and  tonic ;  Thetyeng, 
tonic,  aperient;  Tliabeyah,  carminative;  Kamaungkha, 
refrigerant;  Kankyautncr,  tonic  aperient;  Let-topkyee, 
astringent;  Nwaslieag^'er,  sedative;  Kokkho,  tonic  ape- 
rient ;  Hting,  tonic ;  Pwabet,  expectorant ;  Thesycnggj-ec, 
warm  purgative ;  Thaweng  poukpliyeo,  expectorant ;  Tcer- 
maklian,  tonic ;  Tabwot,  a  carminative ;  Maor,  refrige- 
rant ;  Oayet,  refrigerant ;  Touksha,  carminative ;  Oaba- 
thaga,  aperient;  Toushouk,  tonic  ;  Kyoapmyet,  febrifuge ; 
Nanlooggyng,  tonic  aperient ;  Tsengthamanway,  laxative ; 
Pouknet,  tonic  and  carminative;  Tabatsay,  febrifuge; 
Karawee,  tonic;  Thanly  etgnai,  laxative;  Wow-oo,  fe- 
brifuge. 

Java  medicines,  a  scries  of,  forwarded  from  Singapore. 

From  Bombay. 

Oondee  oil  (Tanna).  Calophyllum  inophyllum,  oil  ex- 
pressed from  the  nut,  used  as  a  stimulant  externally  and 
internally.    Imported  from  Somali  coast. 

Kurunj  oil  (Tanna).  Pongamia  glabra,  oil  expressed 
from  nut ;  used  externally  as  a  stimulant. 

Senna  leaves.  Now  grown  in  quantities  in  the  Dekkan 
for  the  supply  of  Government  stores ;  but  no  demand 
elsewhere.  Four  consignments  have  been  sent  to  England. 
The  first  afforded  a  remittance  about  2s.  2d.  per  rupee ; 
of  the  second  and  third  no  accounts  have  yet  been  re- 
ceived ;  the  fourth  was  sent  last  month  (December  1850), 
its  price  as  at  present  bought  from  the  Ryots  is  9  lbs.  per 
rupee,  being  2jrf.  per  pound,  or  thereabouts. 

From  Madras. 

Calabunda  (Aloe  perfoliata) — from  Vizagapatam. 

G^amboge — from  Canara ;  ditto  collected  by  Dr.  Cleg- 
horn,  from  Madras. 

Hemidesmus  indicus ;  Convolvulus  turpethum,  root  and 
powder ;  CUtoria  tematea  seed  and  powder ;  Cannabis 
indica  (flower's  tops). — Professor  Key,  from  Madras. 

Specimens  of  Mylabris  cichorei  ;  Pulvis  mylabris 
cichorei ;  Tinctura  cannabis  sativoe ;  Hoya  viridiflora 
(Asclepias  vomitoria) ;  llymenodiction  utile ;  Soj-mida 
febrifuga ;  Dry  bark  of  the  miiUay  or  jungle  margosa ; 
Drj'  bark  of  the  vapum  or  margosa  tree  ;  Croton  seeds. 

Napaula  oil  (Croton  tiglium) — from  Vizagapatam  and 
Oanjani. 

Justicia  paniculatan  creyat.  Specimens  of  salt — from 
Nellore. 


Class  III. 

AORICULTTRAL  PRODrOE. 

[From  the  latitude  and  general  climate  of  the  clifTerent 
parts  of  India,  it  would  natiu^lly  be  inferrctl  that  the 
agricultural  products  must  differ  very  considenibly  in  the 
widely-separated  provinces,  and  that  they  nmst  certainly 
bo  entirely  different  from  those  of  Europe,  especially 
as  the  natives  of  the  country  are  usually  stated  to  live 
chiefly  upon  rice.     Tliis  is  a  fallacy  which  has  no  doubt 


originated  from  Europeans  having  obtained  their  principd 
information  respecting  India  from  its  southern  prvrinmL 
It  would  not,  perhaps,  be  too  much  to  mlj  that  pxtibabtj 
the  number  of  those  who  seldom  taste  rice  far  exoeedi 
those  who  live  upon  it.  For,  in  fact,  the  calture  of vimt 
and  barley,  and  of  common  millet,  constitute  the  agrinil* 
turo  of  many  part«  of  the  country  quite  as  much  as  riee, 
sugar-cane,  and  other  millets.  This  is  in  consequence  id 
the  seasons  of  cultivation  being  tcjj  different,  one  set  of 
the  cereal  grains  being  sown  in  autumn,  and  grown  daring 
what  constitutes  the  winter  of  Europe,  while  the  other 
are  sown  in  the  midst  of  its  sunmier.  Thus  what, 
barley,  and  common  millet  (Pamcum  miUa^reum),  m  rnrnn 
in  October  and  reaped  in  March,  wliile  rioe^  maise,  the 
great  and  Indian  millets,  are  sown  on  the  accession  of  tiie 
rauiy  season  in  June,  and  harvested  in  Scpfembcr  or 
October. 

Of  wheat  several  varieties  are  grown :  some  of  rtrj 
fine  quality,  as  the  soft  wheat,  called  pjfsgee^  and  the  hsrd 
wheat,  called /tf/Zo/ya,  both  exliibitcd  from  the  Xerbodds 
valley.  Samples  of  these  shown  a  few  years  ago  in  Mark 
Lane  were  considered  to  be  finer  than  any  wheats  in  tfas 
market.  The  soft  wheat,  which  is  most  Talued  in  tlw 
coiintry,  is  thought  less  of  in  India,  where  the  natiTSi 
prefer  the  hard  wheat,  and  give  a  higher  price  for  it,  at 
they  consider  it  the  most  nutritious.  Like  the  hard  wheiti 
of  the  south  of  Europe,  this  variety  is  used  in  India  tar 
making  a  kind  of  vermicelli,  and  was  thought  to  contain 
a  large  proportion  of  glutinous  matter ;  but  this  did  not 
appear  when  the  two  kinds  were  analyzed  by  Profeiior 
E.  Solly.  Wheat  is  cultivated  as  fiir  south  as  Bunaa, 
from  whence  a  brownish-coloured  variety  has  been  tnit, 
and  at  considerable  elevations  in  the  Himalayan  Moon- 
tains,  where  some  fine  kinds  of  barley  are  also  gniva. 
Oats  have  been  introduced  by  the  English,  and  are  pro- 
duced of  fine  quality  in  the  district,  and  to  the  northward, 
of  Patna. 

Indian  com  or  maize  {Zea  mays)^  a  natiye  of  the  X<w 
World,  is  cultivated  in  small  quantities  all  over  India,  bat 
not  as  a  principal  crop,  being  chiefly  eaten  in  a  grcm 
state  and  after  the  grains  have  been  roasted.  The  great 
millet,  or  Du^a^  of  the  Arabs,  Joar^  and  Jaw€trte  oi 
India  (Sorghum  vulgare)y  occupies  the  place  of  Indian  com 
in  Asia,  where  it  ia  extensively  cultivated,  and  forms  a 
principal  article  of  diet  of  the  natives.  The  grains  are 
large,  and  in  chemical  composition  come  near  to  Indisa 
com,  but  are  apt  to  be  attacked  by  the  weeviL  The  otlMr 
millets,  species  of  Panicwn,  &c.,  small  in  size  and  hard, 
are  also  much  used  as  articles  of  diet,  and  might,  fitxn 
their  cheapness,  pcr];uip8,  be  profitably  exported  as  food  for 
the  smaller  animals  in  other  countries. 

But,  besides  the  cereals,  the  natives  of  India  cultivate 
a  great  variety  of  pulses,  some  of  which  are  known  in 
Europe  as  the  pea,  lentil,  gram  {Cicer  arietimmm).  Othfrs, 
such  as  varieties  of  Cajanus  and  of  Phascolus,  also  yu4d 
puLses  which,  like  the  cereals,  arc  cidtivated  for  food. 
These,  being  cooked  with  ghee  or  melted  butter,  ijive  the 
natives  the  advantage  of  a  mixed  diet,  instead  of  their 
subsisting,  as  usually  stated,  on  a  single  substance  like  rice. 

The  diffi^rent  oil-seeds  also  occupy  a  sliare  of  the 
farmers'  attention  :  of  these  linseeii  is  well  known  in 
Europe,  but  in  India  is  cultivated  only  on  account  of  th^ 
seed-oil,  and  not  for  the  flax  of  the  plant.  Also,  mustanl 
and  rape,  or  rather  other  Si^cios  of  Sinapis,  safllowi^r  seeds 
(Carihamus  tincforitts),  castor-oil  plant,  poj>py,  hmwn 
and  white  til  or  sesamum,  and  black  til  {Gnizofia  ofti/t  ro). 
For  other  oils,  sec  Oil  Series  and  M£I>ICIXE:^. 


DEPK!n>ENCIE8.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


871 


Among  the  roots  cultiyatod,  yams  and  sweet  potatoes 
mBj  be  mentioned  ;  also,  turmeric  and  ginger,  onions  and 
gariic.  Carrots  often  yield  a  large  crop  with  the  aid  of 
nrrigation,  but  the  climate  is  not  fiiTOurable  for  the  field 
eultui^e  of  turnips.  Melons  and  cucumbers  are  also  culti- 
▼mted  near  wells,  or  in  the  beds  of  rivers,  as  also  several 
of  the  firuits  used  as  condiments,  as  coriander,  cummin, 

(A.)  Cereals, 

Wheat: — Pissee,  sohalya,  jullalya,  kutya,  varieties  of 
Uriticnm  taiivumt  from  the  Valley  of  the  Nerbudda. 

Flour ;  throe  qualities,  from  native  mills,  Calcutta. 

Wheat,  a  dark-brown  variety,  from  Burma. 

Oats  (Avema  saHva)^  from  Patna. 

Bananil  rice,  and  some  of  its  straw,  from  Hoo^hly. 

Siee  {Ofyza  satioa)^  and  paddy,  or  unshcUed  nee,  from 
DAmaon. 

Black  and  red  paddv  {Oryza  saliva),  from  Bellary. 

Varee  rice  and  paddy,  from  Travancore. 

Yaree  NeUoo,  jMiddy,  from  Calicut. 

Wild  rioe :— -Jungleo  dhan  and  Checnia  dhan,  from 
KepaL 

Table  rice : — Indramayo,  from  Singapore. 

Pnlut  rice,  a  delicacy,  prized  for  its  nutritious  qualities; 
and  a  dark  variety,  from  Malacca. 

Bioe,  and  a  variety  of,  Ketana,  from  Singapore. 

Bioe,  varieties  of: — Bansmutti,  Hunsrai,  Race  Monea, 
Ba^ranjan,  Sookhannud,  Ramkajul,  Teluk,  Sookhundea, 
Unjhonna,  Bhoooe,  Sathee,  Seorah,  Ilerunj,  Oujraj, 
Bettea,  Anundeo,  Buttesee,  Ilamoona,  Kulma,  Bama- 
juan,  Mattea,  Knomoollie,  Dhow,  Soonkhur,  Eumcra, 
l>oodhie,  Beorah,  Sookhurra,  Moonree,  Buthka,  Jhunoa, 
ICotuchoor,  Jubbedic,  Jhunvan,  Najar,  Mahestua,  Gow- 
reea.  There  are  two  specimens  of  each,  one  sheUed,  tlie 
other  unshelled ;  from  Pilibcet  in  Bohilkund. 

Bice,  varieties  of^  from  Arrakan. 

Rioe  from  Ahmedabad.  This  is  much  prized  for  taste 
and  scent,  and  large  quantities  of  it  are  annually  exported 
to  Baroda,  Cambay,  and  elsewhere. 

White,  black,  and  glutinous  red  rice,  from  Tcnnosscrim. 

Millets. 

Great  millet  or  durra  of  Arabs. — Joar  of  India. 

Sorghum  tmlgare  and  saccharalum,  large  and  small; 
grown  all  over  India. 

Red,  white,  and  brown  Cholum  or  jawaree,  from  Bellary 
and  other  parts  of  India. 

Indian  com,  varieties  of,  from  Nepal  and  Assam. 

Indian  millet,  Bajree  (Penicillana  spicata)^  from  India, 
Bellar^',  and  Cutch. 

Itahan  millet  (Selaria  italica)^  from  Calcutta  ;  Koon- 
eoonie  {Panicum  italicum)^  from  Bellurv' ;  Kungiuv,  from 
Kepal ;  Kadi  kane  {Panicum  milificetnn)f  from  Madura, 
TinniveUy,  and  Palamcottah  ;  Sanwuck,  Panictimfrumen- 
taceum,  from  Gliazeejx>«',  Mivnit,  and  Nepal ;  Koda, 
Pasp€Uum  scrobictdatumy  from  Nepal  and  Calcutta  ;  Mun- 
dooa,  Vi;^^geQ {Eleusine  corocana),  from^  Bellary-,  Mirzapore, 
Meerut,  and  KOmaon  ;  Chooa  {Amaranthus  farinaceus), 
from  KAmaon  ;  Razgocra  {Amaranlhus  /rumen  I  actus) , 
from  Bombay. 

Surgooge  grain  (EUusine  .»/>.),  from  Iloogly. 

Goorura  and  Tipsea,  small  millets,  protUiced  by  wild 
Panieums,  from  Mirzajwrc. 

Buckirhcat  :  —  Oogul  {Fagopyrum  vulgare  /),  from 
Kdmaon  and  Nepal. 

Pulses. 

Urhur  ke  dhal, ;  Dhal  (Cgfisvs  cajan)^  from  Gwalior, 
Madura,  and  TinniveUy  ;  Dliol  or  thoravi,  from  Palam- 
oottah;  Tor  var.  (Cgtisus  cnjan),  fn)m  Bellarj';  Urhur 
(Cajanus  indicus)^  frtnn  CnU-utta;  Gram,  Chmia  {Cicer 
arietinmm)^  from  Hollarj- ;  Dlioll  Chuna,  p^wn  all  over 
India;  Cluma  {Cicer  arietinum)^  from  Calcutta. 

Ma^h  {PhaseoluK  mung<i),  from  BcUarj' ;  Masli  and 
DhoU  maiih,  jn^wn  all  over  India ;  Modli  (Phaseolus 
mmmgo),  from  Nepal. 


Green  gram :  —  Moong  {Phaseolus  radiaius),  from 
Bellary  and  Madras. 

Green  gram  : — Moong,  grown  all  over  India. 

Black  gram  : — Moong,  variety  of  (Phawolut  radicUus), 
from  Yizagapatam  and  Ganjam. 

Black  gram,  grown  all  over  India. 

Muskullv  {Phaseolus  radiatwi),  Sona  moog  (Phaseolus 
aureus) f  Eista  moog  (Phawolus),  Kalle  moog  (PAa»«o/ujr), 
Mayance  (Phaseolus  trilohvs),  finom  Calcutta ;  Lall  Gkx)- 
ronah  {Phaseolus  (rilobus),  from  Kdmaon. 

Horse  gram  : — Cooltie  {Doliohos  uniflortut),  from,  Bel- 
laiy ;  Gahut  {Dolichos  unijlorus),  from  Kdmaon  and 
Nepal. 

Ked  gram  {Dolichos  catjang),  grown  all  over  India. 

Bed  and  white  gram  {Dolichos  catjang),  from  Yizaga- 
patam and  Nepal ;  Thatapyre  {Dolichos  catjang),  from 
Madura,  TinniveUy,  and  Falamcottah ;  Banzampesalce, 
Yizagapatam  ;  Bhut  {Soja  higpida),  from  Kdmaon. 

Peas ; — Muttar  {Pi*um  sativum),  GoU  muttur  {Pitum 
sativum  viride),  from  Calcutta  and  Nepal ;  Mussooreo 
kuUye  {Ervum  Lens),  Soora  kissurree  {Lathtfrus  sativus)^ 
Baro  Chuna  ( Tlcia  saliva),  from  Calcutta. 

Katjang  zavah,  Katjang  merah,  Eatjang  tjee,  Eatjang 
zimgak,  Eatjang  batoo,  pulses,  from  Java. 

French  beans,  sem,  from  Nepal. 

Green  peas,  or  pulse,  Catjang  ejoo  ;  Catjang  talioo,  from 
Singapore,  Sumbawn,  and  Simiatra. 

Boots  and  Oil  Seeds,  ifc. 

Onions  and  onion  seed,  from  Jessulmere. 

Poppy  seed,  from  Calcutta,  Patna,  &c. 

Linseed,  Tesee  {Linum  usitatissimum) ;  Eisto  til 
{Sesamum  orientale) — from  Calcutta. 

Black  tU.  Ram  tU  {Ouizotia  olei/era) — ^from  Bombay 
and  Madras. 

Castor  oil  seeds,  Behrindu  {Ricinus  communii^. 

Mustard  seeds,  &e.,  Eala  surson  {Sinapis  dichotoma)  ; 
Shwet  raee  surson  {S.  glauca)  ;  Jhoone  race  {S,  ramose^ 
— from  Calcutta. 

SafHower  and  Soorj  mookhee  {Helianthus  annuus). 

Cucumber  and  melon  seed,  from  Nepal  and  Bikanoer. 

Oil-cake,  from  Nepal. 

Bamboo  rice,  from  Nepal. 

Bhatwas,  Goorans,  Shutya,  and  Mishoyang,  from 
Nepal. 

Iroopoo  pinakoo,  from  Calicut. 

(B.)  Dried  Fruits  and  Seeds. 
[The  fruits  which  arc  dried  and  preserved  in  India  are 
not  numerous.   The  tamarind  is  the  principal,  and  is  nmch 
emj)loyed  in  making  sherbets :  unriix;  mangos  are  preserved 
on  a<*count  of  their  acidity.     The  ber,  or  bycr,  or  jujube, 
is  occasionally  preserved,  and  baked  plantains  have  been 
sent,  but  have  not  arrived  in  a  good  state.     Figs,  raisins, 
tlried  plums  and  apricots,  are  imiwrted  from  Caubul ;  and 
dates  from  the  Persian  Gulf.    The  cocoa-nut  is  c*ons])icuous 
as  a  seed  whicli  is  valued  for  its  kernel.     Almonds  and 
pistachio  nuts  are  imi)orte<l  from  Caubul ;  walnuts  and 
hazel  nuts  from  Cashmere  and  the  Himalayas.     The  seed 
of  Tenninalia  catap]>a  is  callccl  badam  or  almond,  and  used 
as  a  substitute  for  it,  as  are  many  other  oily  seeds,  by 
the  natives  of  India.    Tlie  dorian  fruit  {Durio  zibethinus) 
may  be  considercil  rather  as  a  curiosity :    it  is   hi^lily 
esteemed  as   a   fruit    in   the   Eastern  Islands,   notwith- 
standing its  disagn-ealUe  odour,     llie  preservetl  Ik*1  fruit 
{A^gle  marmelos)  is  value<l,  as  a  medicine,  for  its  mild 
sul)astringcnt  propertit»s.     AMiat  is  called  Muoha  fruit  is 
only  the  llowers  dried  as  llicy  fall  oti'.    Tlu'v  abound  in  sac- 
ch.irine  malt<T,  and  are  eaten  by  the  natives ;  and  are  also 
subjectefi  to  fenncntation,  when  they  yield  a  spirit  which 
forms  the  common  arra<"k  of  a  gn»!it  part  of  the  count rj'. 
Its  flavour  is  compared  by  some  to  that  of  whiskey.     The 
seeds   yield  a  valuable  oil  which  becomes  solid  in  tliia 
climate.    See  Oil  Series. 


[Ofvicul  Illustrated  CATALOOTrx."^ 


^'^ 


872 


EAST  INDIES. 


^CouxsauAjn 


Mangifera  Indica,  amcliow ;  unripe  mangos. 

Tamarinds  {Tamarindus  indica)y  from  Calcutta  and 
Jaya. 

Dried  byer  (Zizyphusjujuba)^  from  BengaL 

Muhooa  fruit  (Bassia  laiifolid),  from  Moorsl^edabad. 

Cocoa-nut  (Coccos  nucifera). 

Kanari  nut  (Canarium  commune) ^  from  Java. 

Dessy-a  kroot  {Aieurites  triloba).  The  specimens  for- 
warded are  all  tlrnt  could  be  procured  at  tne  time  they 
were  ordered ;  they  were  obtamed  from  Belgaum,  where, 
in  this  Presidency,  they  cliiefly  grow.  The  Central  Com- 
mittee of  Calcutta  requested  that  this  article  might  be  sent 
from  the  Bombay  Presidency.  These  are  called  Belgaimi, 
or  country  walnuts.  The  nuts  are  so  called  from  their 
resemblance  to  walnuts :  the  kernels  tasto  like  them,  and 
yield  a  large  portion  of  pure  palatable  oil. — Bombay 
Beport. 

(C.)  Substances  used  in  the  preparation  of  Drinks. 

[Tea  is  so  peculiarly  a  Chinese  product  as  to  be  almost 
a  synonym  of  the  country.  From  the  difficulties  at  first 
experienced  in  producing  good  teas  in  Penang,  Java,  and 
Bio  Janeiro,  it  was  inferred  that  the  soil  and  climate  re- 
quired for  the  tea  plant  were  of  so  peculiar  a  nature  as  to 
render  it  difficult,  if  not  impossible,  to  produce  good  tea 
anywhere  out  of  China.  This  was  no  doubt  owing  in 
part  to  its  liaving  been  supposed  that  the  plant  was  one 
which  required  a  hot  climate.  Careful  comparison  of  the 
information  which  was  then  within  reach  made  it  probable 
that  the  plant  or  plant*  were  natives  of  temperate  cU- 
mates.  The  author  of  this  note  gave  it  as  his  opinion,  in 
the  year  1827,  that  the  Chinese  tea  plant  or  plants  might 
be  successfully  cultivated  in  the  Himalayan  Mountains  ; 
and  in  an  essay  on  the  subject  in  his  "  Illustrations  of 
Himalayan  Botany,"  in  183-1,  entered  into  the  details  of 
&cts,  and  his  reasoning  from  them.  The  Indian  Govern- 
ment having  at  this  time  determined  to  attempt  the  cul- 
tivation of  tea  in  any  suitable  locahty  in  these  mountains, 
a  plant  was  discovered  in  Assam,  of  which  the  leaves  were 
there  manufactured  into  tea,  and  which  was  supposed  to 
be  either  the  true,  or  a  variety  of  the,  tea  plant  of  China. 
The  plant,  however,  flourishes  in  a  warm  moist  climate, 
and  has  much  larger  leaves  than  the  China  plants.  This 
discovery,  however,  led  to  the  establishment  by  the  Indian 
Government  of  farms  for  the  growth  of  tea.  Chinese, 
acquainted  with  the  processes,  were  invited  into  Assam 
to  take  charge  of  the  manufacture.  Success  liaving  at- 
tended the  measure,  the  whole  of  the  establisluncnt  was 
transferred  to  the  Assam  Tea  Company,  from  whom  some 
samples  have  been  received :  others  are  exliibited  in 
another  part  of  the  building.  Two  samples  have  also 
been  sent  from  Chinese  planters  who  have  settled  in  Assam. 

At  the  same  time  that  the  culture  of  the  indigenous 
plant  was  established  in  Assam,  tea  seeds  were  obtained 
from  China ;  but  chiefly  from  the  most  southern  tea  dis- 
tricts, from  whence  there  is  reason  to  believe  most  of  the 
manufaotiuxjrs  have  also  come.  The  tea  seeds  on  their 
arrival  in  Calcutta  were  so\*ni  in  tubs,  and  the  ])lant«  after- 
wards sent  to  Assam,  as  well  as  to  Dr.  Falconer,  who 
planted  them  in  nurseries  in  K^maon  and  other  Himalayan 
districts.  There  these  Chinese  tea  plants  grew  and 
flourished  even  in  situations  where  thev  were  occasionally 
covered  with  snow.  They  flowered  in^the  third  year,  and 
ripened  their  seed,  from  which  time  the  culture  lias  con- 
tinued to  encrease.  Millions  of  seeds  are  sown  annually, 
so  us  now  to  occupy  about  1,000  acres,  in  diffi*rent  situa- 
tions, from  Kemnon  to  the  hill  tracts  newly  acquired 
from  the  Seiks.  Some  uncertainty  existed  at  one  tune 
about  the  methods  of  making  the  best  kinds  of  black  and 
of  green  teas.     Some  who  had  resided  at  Canton  having 


stated  that  the  Chinese  made  either  gveen  or  Wicfc  tat 
from  the  same  plant ;  others,  that  thej  oould  not  do  lo 
without  the  aid  of  colouring  matters.  There  k  no  donbt 
that  there  are  at  least  two  species  of  tea  pleat :  oiie,caUed 
Thea  bohea  by  botanists,  was  supposed  to  be  chiefly  em- 
ployed for  making  block  tees;  the  other,  celled  Use 
viridis,  was  thought  equally  esaentiel  for  »wV^  tfce 
green  teas.  The  Chinese  tea-makov  in  Asesm  m  sobs 
measure  settled  the  qi^tion  by  meking  both  kinds  of  tss 
from  the  same  jdant :  and  Mr.  Fortune,  in  his  visits  to 
the  tea  districts  on  the  coast  of  China,  asijiiiliiaid  tkit 
the  plant  called  Thea  viridis  was  that  ohieflj  CDpkmd 
in  making  both  kinds  of  tea  and  their  sereral  vaiteties. 
The  Thea  bohea  could,  of  course,  be  eanployed  fertks 
same  purpose  in  districts  where  it  is  indigenous^  as  ikt 
great  difference  depends  upon  the  manufiiictiire  and  not 
upon  the  plant.  The  processes  haTe  been  fully  ^t^""*^ 
in  Mr.  Ball's  work  on  the  Manufactme  of  Tea  in  CUbl 
They  consist,  in  the  preparation  of  black  iea^  m  etsnUitj- 
watched  and  regulated  processes  of  spamtamtoms  Aasft'ay, 
or  slow  fermentation,  of  the  leaves,  until  a  certain  difisf 
of  fragrance  ia  developed.  The  leares  aze  said  to  fgUktr 
and  ffive,  and  become  soft  and  flaocicL  When  the  peopar 
time  has  arrived,  the  leaves  are  remored  to  the  roastiBf 
pan.  Aft;er  being  roasted  and  rolled  two  or  thiee  tiBO^ 
they  are  dried  in  a  cylinder  of  basket-work,  which  is 
placed  over  a  small  charcoal  fire.  After  the  drying  has  eon- 
tinned  about  half  an  hour,  the  leaves  are  turned  and  igni 
submitted  to  the  heat  for  another  half-hour.  Thiy  sie 
then  taken  out,  rubbed  and  twisted,  and,  after  siftiag 
away  the  small  dust,  again  returned  to  the  mewt  sad 
drying  tub.  The  leaves  now  begin  to  fiimiinHt  thnr  bisek 
colour.  The  fire  is  deadened  by  sprinkling  some  ashes 
over  it.  The  operation  of  rolling,  twisting,  and  siftii^  is 
repeated  once  or  twice  until  they  have  beoome  qpte  UMk 
in  colour,  well  twisted,  and  perfiectly  diy  and  crisp.  Thty 
are  then  picked,  winnowed,  and  further  dried. 

In  the  manufacture  of  green  tea,  the  fineshly-pi^cd 
leaves  are  roasted  in  the  kuo,  or  roasting-pan,  at  onoe, 
and  at  a  high  temperature ;  rolled  and  roasted  again  and 
again,  assisted  sometimes  with  a  ffcnumg  operatioo  to 
drive  off  the  moisture,  and  always  with  bride  agitatian 
until  the  drying  is  completed. 

The  great  difference  in  the  two  processes  ooosista  in  tfas 
black  tea  undergoing  the  process  of  fermentation,  or 
withering,  while  the  leaves  for  the  green  tea  are  roasted 
without  undergoing  any  previous  change.  The  two 
samples  of  green  tea,  the  hyson  and  the  gunpowder,  were 
prepared  from  the  same  plants  as  the  souchong,  under 
the  superintendence  of  Dr.  Jameson,  in  the  East  India 
Company's  tea  nurseries  in  Kdmaon  and  the  Beyra  Doobl 
The  quantity  of  tea  produced  is  yearly  increasing.  Cook- 
paratively  little  has  as  yet  been  sent  to  this  country,  fcr 
it  sells  at  very  high  prices  on  the  spot  where  it  is  pro- 
duced ;  and  the  inferior  qualities,  it  is  curious  to  obsnre, 
are  actually  carried  across  the  British  frontier,  and  ntNt 
the  teas  of  China  in  Tibet,  where  the  Chinese  authority 
extends. 

Mr.  Warrington  lias  called  attention  to  the  means 
adopted  for  giving  a  &cing  to  tea,  as  purrhascrs  were 
not  satisfied  with  the  natural  dull,  yellowish-green  colour 
of  tea.  The  Chinese,  therefore,  apply  Prussian  blue^ 
turmeric,  and  fibrous  gypsum  to  give  it  a  bluish-gKen 
colour. 

]!Hr.  W.  has  lately  called  attention  to  a  new  adulters- 
tion,  in  which  tea-dust  is  held  together  by  gum,  and  faced 
with  Prussian  blue,  turmeric,  and  a  large  proportion  of 


Depekdekcieb.' 


EAST  INDIES. 


873 


fibrous  gjpsum ;  the  black  tea  being  faced  with  earthy 
graphite  or  black-lead.  So  great  \b  the  adulteration  that, 
though  genuine  teas  gire  onlj  about  6  to  6  per  cent,  of 
ash,  the  lis  gunpowder  yielded  34  and  45*5  per  cent,  of 
ash  ;  scented  caper  5*5,  but  lie  flower  caper  22*5  ;  and 
mixtures,  containing  these  lies,  from  11  to  22*5  per  cent, 
of  ash. 

Coffee  has,  like  tea,  begun  to  be  cultivated  in  British 
India.  It  is  chiefly  grown,  however,  along  the  mountauis 
of  the  Malabar  coast^  as  in  Wynaad,  and  in  the  Sheravoy 
Hills,  near  Salem.  Some  of  fine  qtiality  has  also  been 
•cnt  from  Chota  Xagpore,  and  the  south-west  frontier  of 
Bengal.    We  have  also  some  cofff^e  from  Assam.] 

Green,  gunpowder,  and  black  teas,  from  £.1.  Company's 
tea  plantations  in  the  Himalayan  mountains  in  Kemaon 
and  Beyra  Doon. 

Hyson  teas ;  grey,  black,  and  orange-flowered  pekoe ; 
Soudiong,  Mongpo,  from  Assam  Tea  Company. 

Souchong  tea  and  orange  Pekoe,  from  Chinese  in  Assam. 

Pdoe  and  Congou  teas,  grown  on  GK>Temment  planta- 
tions, from  Java. 

Coffee,  from  Assam  and  from  the  South-west  Frontier. 

Coffee,  from  Calicut,  and  from  Captain  Morris. 

Coffee  (Coffea  arahica),  from  Tinnivelly. 

Coffee,  from  SherayoT  Hills,  near  Salem. 

Coffee  berry,  and  in  nusk,  £rom  Aden. 

Coffee,  from  Java  and  Borneo. 

Coffee  from  Mr.  Glasson's  plantation,  from  Wynaad. 

(D.)  Stimulniintf  and  Intoxicating  Drugs. 

[This  group  includes,  in  tlie  Indian  collection,  opium, 
hemp,  tobacco,  and  a  distilled  spirit  from  an  unusual 
■ouroe.  Opium,  as  required  for  medical  use  and  Euro- 
pean consumption,  is  produced  chiefly  in  Asia  Minor, 
and  is  conunonly  known  by  the  name  of  Turkey  opium  ; 
hat  India  produces  large  quantities — a  portion  for  its  own 
home  consumption,  but  the  great  mass  for  export  to 
China.  The  whole  process  of  culture  is  displayed  in  a 
aeries  of  drawings,  and  all  the  apparatus  employed  in  the 
preparation,  that  is,  in  the  collection,  mixing,  and  drying, 
of  the  drug,  in  the  opium  agency  at  Patna,  is  exhibited, 
together  with  the  opium  ma<Ie  up  into  balls,  and  covered 
with  the  petals  of  the  poppy  stuck  together  with  the  fluid 
part  of  the  opium.  Though  this  culture  is  a  government 
monopoly  in  the  Qangetic  province,  it  is  also  extensively 
cultivated  in  the  states  of  the  native  princes  in  Raj- 
pootana  and  Malwa,  from  whence  several  specimens  have 
been  sent.  Opium  is  producetl  of  excellent  quality  in  the 
Himalayas,  where  the  tears,  as  collected,  are  simply 
pressed  together  and  dried,  as  is  the  case  with  Turkey 
opium. 

The  hemp  plant  {Cannabis  saliva),  known  in  Europe 
for  yielding  strong  fibre  for  ropes  and  canvas,  is  valuable 
in  the  East  for  its  intoxicating  properties.  Tlic  plant  is 
identical  with  that  of  Europe,  and  is  the  Kinnuh  of  the 
Arabs,  whence  the  name  Cannabis.  It  is  also  known  by 
the  name  Husheesh,  and  has  a  number  of  political  names 
assigned  to  it,  as  "  ccmenter  of  frioudsliip,"  "  exciter  of 
desire,"  &c.,  nn<l  is  supposwl  by  some  to  liavc  been  the 
Nepenthes  of  Homer.  Tlic  whole  plant  dried  is  employed 
for  smoking;  or,  tlie  leaves  and  capsules,  witliout  tlie 
stalks,  rublxxl  to  a  fine  powder,  and  mixetl  with  conserves 
OT  with  milk,  &c.,  are  taken  to  produce  intoxication.  A 
n>sinous  secretion  exudes  from  tlic  upper  parts,  esjxvially 
of  the  flowering  f<tenis,  and  is  collect od  in  various  ways, 
and  known  bv  the  name  of  Churnts.  Tliis  is  use<l  for 
the  came  puqx>se.  It  1ms  Litcly  l)ccn  rtTommended  as  a 
medicine  to  allay  rheumatic  and  neuralgic  pains,  ns  well 
as  to  control  muscular  spasm.     Ilcnco,  prcporatioua  of  it 


have  been  included  among  the  medicines  sent  from  Cal- 
cutta. 

The  spirit  from  an  unusual  source  is  that  which  is  dis- 
tilled from  the  flowers  of  the  muohwa  tree  (Bassia  lati/olia). 
These  abound  in  saccharine  matter.  They  are,  therefore^ 
as  they  fitll,  collected  and  eaten  by  the  natives ;  but,  sub- 
jected to  fermentation,  a  spirit  is  produced,  which,  being 
distilled,  forms  the  common  arrack  of  many  parts  of 
India.  Tlie  flavour  has  been  by  some  compared  to  that 
of  whiskey.  The  tree  is  particularly  valuable^  on  account 
of  its  seeds  yielding  a  vegetable  fat,  likely  to  be  useful 
in  candle-making.     See  Oil  Sebibb. 

Tobacco,  a  plant  of  the  New  World,  has  come  to  be 
universally  cultivated  in  Asia,  as  in  Europe.  The  plant 
is  grown  with  great  care  in  many  parts  of  India,  espe- 
cially in  rich  soil  near  villages.  But  the  natives  totally 
neglect  the  cnring  of  tobacco,  upon  which  so  much  of  its 
value  depends  in  the  European  market,  either  for  smoking 
or  for  making  into  cigars.  This,  to  the  natives  of  India, 
is  of  less  consequence,  as  they  mix  the  dried  leaves  of 
tobacco  with  coarse  sugar  or  conserves  of  different  kinds 
to  smoke  in  their  hookahs.  Some  excellent  tobacco  is, 
however,  produced  in  different  and  very  widely  separated 
parts  of  India,  as  Sandoway  in  Arrakan,  different  parts 
of  the  Peninsula,  and  in  Central  India.  It  is  probable 
that  such  tobacco  as  is  acceptable  in  the  European  market 
might  be  produced  in  India,  if  equal  care  was  bestowed 
on  the  growth  and  curing  as  well  as  on  the  packing  of 
tobacco.  —  (See  Illustrations  of  Himalayan  Botany^ 
pp.  282  to  289.)  But  there  is  great  consumption  in  the 
country  itself^  both  for  smoking  and  for  making  cheroots, 
of  which  several  specimens  have  been  sent  for  exhibition 
from  Chinsurah,  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Calcutta,  as  well 
as  from  Salem  and  Trichinopoly.] 

Tobacco,  Isliay,  from  Arrakan. 

Tobacco,  from  Gwalior,  Maharajah  Kao  Scindia. 

Tobacco,  from  Malwa. 

Tobacco  and  cheroots  {Nicotiana  tabacum)^  from  Trichi- 
nopoly, Salem,  and  Java. 

Cheroots  of  sorts,  from  Trichinopoly. 

Cigars,  from  Java. 

Cigars:  imitation  Manillas  and  Ilavannahs,  common 
Cliinsurahs,  imitation  Ilavannalis,  made  at  Chinsurah,  of 
Sandoway  tobacco,  and  of  picked  Bengal  leaf  at  Chin- 
surah. 

Opium,  from  Owalior — Maliarajah  Rao  Scindia. 

Opium,  country,  Kano,  from  Assam. 

Opium,  Tliallawar,  twenty-five,  and  Jhallawar  tliree 
years  old,  from  Rajpootana. 

Opium,  prepared,  from  Rajah  of  Kotah. 

Opium,  complete  series,  exhibiting  whole  process  of 
manufacture,  from  Patna. 

Opium,  specimens  of,  from  Benares. 

Opium  (Government),  from  Khandeish. 

Opium,  as  taken  from  the  field,  as  seed,  and  as  pre- 
pared for  exportation,  from  Malwa. 

Opium,  from  Xepal. 

Cheek  opium.  This  and  the  two  following  articles  form  a 
complete  series.  The  bhatted  as  prepared  for  exportation 
to  China  ;  the  cheek  or  raw  juice  ;  the  poppy  htwl,  con- 
taining the  seed  and  showing  the  mode  of  incision  by 
which  the  opium  juice  is  extracted — the  three  hnes  to- 
gether are  one  day's  incision  ;  each  head  will  show  how 
many  separate  daVs  it  was  available. — Bombay. 

Opium,  from  Kandeish.  ITie  specimen  sent  is  from 
the  government  stores  at  Dhoolia,  in  Kandeish. 

Hemp,  Ganja  {Cannabis  safira),  from  Rajpootana; 
Bhungccni  and  seed,  from  Kemaon;  Ganja,  from  Calcutta; 
Cliurus  and  Ganja,  from  Nq>al. 

Muohwa  flowers  {Bassia  lati/olia),  and  spirit  distilled 
from  them,  from  Rajpootana. 

3  S  2 


874 


EAST  INDIES. 


rCOLOKIEB  A5D 


(E.)  Spices  and  Condiments. 

[Spices  arc  proverbially  the  produce  of  the  Spice  Islands ; 
but  they  are  not  all  obtained  from  these  islands,  and,  of 
late  years,  those  which  were  peculiar  are  now  cultivated 
in  other  situations.  Tlie  true  cinnamon,  for  which  Ceylon 
is  famed,  is  also  now  cultivated  in  Java  and  Malacca,  as 
well  as  in  parts  of  the  western  coast  of  the  Indian  Penin- 
sula. What  is  so  called  from  Assam  is  rather  a  kind  of 
cassia.  Cassia  and  cassia-buds  are  produced  on  the  Malabar 
coast.  The  cassia  leaves,  Malahathrun  of  the  ancients 
{Tamala  putra)y  are  used  for  the  same  purposes  as  bay 
leaves  in  Europe.  Nutmegs  are  now  cultivated  of  excel- 
lent quality  in  Penang,  whence  they  have  been  sent  for 
exhibition,  as  well  as  from  Singapore  and  Tinnivelly,  in 
the  Peninsula  of  India.  The  wild  nutmeg  {Myrisiica 
tomeniosa)  is  the  produce  of  a  different  species.  Attempts 
have  been  made  to  introduce  tlie  true  nutmegs,  when 
gathered  from  trees  growing  wild,  at  a  lower  rate  of  duty  ; 
that  is,  for  the  same  duty  which  these  wild  nutmegs  are 
charged,  though  they  are  very  inferior,  and  the  produce 
of  a  different  species  of  plant.  Mace,  which  is  one  of  the 
coverings  of  the  nutmeg,  is,  of  course,  obtainable  from  all 
places  where  the  nutmeg  is  grown.  Black,  round,  and 
white  pepper,  the  produce  of  one  plant,  are,  as  in  the 
earliest  times,  grown  on  the  Malabar  coast.  The  capsicum, 
considered  by  botanists  to  be  a  native  of  the  New  World, 
is  cultivated  in  every  part  of  India,  and  imiversally  em- 
ployed as  a  condiment  by  the  natives  in  their  curries : 
that  grown  in  Nepal  is  considered  by  many  to  be  very 
high  flavoured.  The  small  cardamoms,  like  pepper,  arc 
long-established  products  of  the  Malabar  coast.  The 
large  cardamoms  are  produced  in  the  forests  along  the 
foot  of  the  Himalayas,  though  the  plant  producing  them 
has  not  been  clearly  made  out.  Among  the  small  car- 
minatives, the  Ptychotis  ajowan,  seems  worthy  of  notice, 
from  the  fineness  of  its  flavour.  It  appears  to  have  been 
one  of  the  kinds  of  ammi  of  the  ancients,  and  nearly 
allied  to  the  Ammi  copticum.  Tlie  black  seeds  of  Ni^ella 
scUiva  continue  to  be  used  as  a  condiment,  as  in  the  most 
ancient  times,  being  the  Melnnthion  of  the  G-reeks. 

Ginger,  a  native  of  India,  though  extensively  cultivated 
both  on  the  plains  and  mountains  of  India,  brings  an 
inferior  price  in  the  English  market  to  that  from  the 
West  Indies,  though  it  is  there,  probably,  an  introduced 
plant.  If  the  Indian  was  more  carefully  cultivated  and 
scraped,  so  os  to  become  white  ginger,  it  would,  no  doubt, 
bring  a  higher  price ;  much  of  that  from  Travaneore,  as 
well  as  from  Malabar,  is  of  excellent  quality.  Turmeric, 
like  ginger,  is  imiversally  cultivated,  being  a  common 
condiment  in  curries,  and  likewise  used  as  a  dye.  Several 
varieties  are  grown  in  different  parts  of  India.] 

Cinnamon,  from  the  Government  plantations,  Java, 
and  from  Malacca. 

Cinnamon,  or  Cassia,  from  Assam. 

Cinnamon,  Darcheenco ;  cinnamon  flowers,  Darclieenee 
ka  phool,  from  Nopal. 

Cassia  (Cinnamomum  albiflorum)^  from  Assam. 

Nutmegs,  from  Penang  and  Tinnivelly. 

Nutmegs,  as  plucked  from  tree  and  sheUed,  from  Singa- 
pore. 

Nutmegs,  from  Sarawak,  Borneo. 

Wild  nutmegs,  unshclled  and  shelled,  from  Coram, 
Moluccas. 

Mace,  from  Singapore,  Tinnivelly,  Penang,  and  Sarawak, 
Borneo. 

Cloves,  from  Penang,  Sarawak,  Borneo,  and  Tiiniivelly. 

Cas.siu  leaves,  from  Travaneore. 

Cassia  leaves,  Tejpat,  from  Nepal 


Spices,  from  Malacca. 

Bound  pepper  (Pipermgntmi)^  from 

Black  pepper,  from  Travanoore,  Singapore^  Sumntn^ 
and  Sarawak,  Borneo. 

White  pepper,  from  TravanocMn,  SingifKm^  ad 
Simiatra. 

Wild  pepper,  from  Trayanoore. 

Long  pepper,  from  Aasam  and  JttTft. 

Peepul  (Piper  loimm)^  from  BengaL 

Cayenne  pepper,  from  Sarawak,  Borneo. 

Bootan  chUliea  {Capsicum  fimiesoemt  aod  Capmam 
fastigiaium)^  from  Assam* 

Chillies,  from  Bootan. 

Small  chillies. 

Chillie  pepper,  Lai  mirch,  frcnn  Nepal ;  Tanboo^  fiom 
Bhotan,  ^lepal. 

Hill  cardamums,  Paharie  elachie,  from  KepaL 

Cardamoms,  varieties  of  {Elettaria  eardmmomfsmi^bom. 
Travaneore. 

Cardamoms,  a  kind  of^  from  Awwiin. 

Cardamoms  (Cardamomum  medmm),  from,  BepaL 

Coriander,  Dhuneea  (Ooriandrmm  ■aii'ii— i),  froM 
Assam  and  NepaL 

Cumin  seed,  Ajwain,  and  other  canniiiAtiTet  (Osmmam 
cyminum,  Ptychoiis  ajotcan^Anetkum  mnmb,  Kt^Ma  jetfan), 
from  Bengal  and  E.  I.  Co.'s  Dispenaarj. 

Star  aniseed  (HUcium  amsatmm)^  imported  into  CU- 
cutta  from  China. 

Fennugreek,  Methee,  from  NepaL 

Betel  nuts  {Areca  catechu),  from  AniTn. 

Betel  nut,  Aroca  nut,  from  TiaTanoora. 

Betel  nuts,  from  Sarawak  (Borneo)  and  flfngMwre. 

Mustard  seed,  kinds  of^  Baee,  Sunon,  Padauuiet  net, 
and  Toree,  from  Nepal. 

Ginger  (Zingiber  officinale),  from  TraTanociv. 

Ginger,  Udrukh,  from  Nepal  and  Awtam, 

Zingiber  Cassumnar,  Bunada,  from  BengaL 

Turmeric  (Curcuma  longa),  from  Awtam, 

Turmeric  (Curcuma  longa),  from  Cuddapah. 

THirmeric,  from  Java. 

Turmeric,  Huldi,  from  NepaL 

Sort  of  onion,  Chappoe,  from  NepaL 

Garhc,  Lahson,  from  Nepal. 

Sweet,  Cashmere,  camp,  and  cussoondie  chuttniei ;  tap 
sauce ;   curry  powder ;   guava  jelly ;   pineapple  maa 
lade ;  mango  preserve  ;  guava  cheese — from  Cblcntta. 


(F.)  Starch  Series. 

[The  name  of  this  group  will  not  indicate  to  the  pablie 
all  the  substances  included  under  it,  as  the  tenn  stndi  ii 
usually  applied  to  the  preparation  employed  for  gning 
stiffness  to  clothing  of  different  kinds.  The  tenn  if  her» 
employed  to  include  a  number  of  substanoee,  often  oaOfd 
arrow-root,  obtained  from  various  pcuts  of  plantSi  at  the 
root  and  tubers,  stem  and  fruits,  usually  in  the  atale  of 
white  flour,  insoluble  in  cold  but  easily  diaKktred  in 
boiling  water.  For  a  long  time  the  Woet  Lndian  airov- 
root  (Maranta  arundinacea)  was  considered  the  onlr  good 
kind ;  but  a  very  useful  kind  is  yielded  by  a  iperica  of 
Canna,  which  is  also  cultivated  in  the  West  India  lahmds, 
and  belongs  to  the  same  natural  £imily.  The  Ifaimnta 
arundinacea  is  now  cultivated  near  Calcutta  and  in  other 
parts  of  India.  But  large  quantities  of  an  excellent  tub* 
stitute  are  obtained  in  India  from  different  species  of 
Curcuma,  all  of  which  have  not  been  clearly  aaceriatDfd, 
though  the  arrow-root  obtained  from  them  has  been  sent 
from  a  variety  of  places.  That  of  Travaneore  is  known  as 
a  regular  article  of  exixjrt ;  but  it  might  be  produced  in 
large  quantities  from  various  parts  of  India. 

An  analogous  substance  is  the  sago  meal  obtained  from 
the  stems  of  different  kinds  of  Pha>nix  and  of  other  palm 
trees  in  India.  Of  tliis,  one  kind  has  been  sent  from  Cut- 
tack.    The  so-called  sago  meal  ia  depoaited  in  the  odlular 


DXPEKDXNCIES.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


put  of  the  stems  of  the  sago  pcdm  (Arenga  saccharifera), 
**  the  pith  of  which  is  the  staff  of  life  to  the  inhabitants  of 
the  Moluccas" — {Boxhwrgh).  Sir  John  Maundeville  says, 
**  In  that  land  grow  trees  that  bear  meal,  of^  which  men 
make  good  bread."  The  sago  palm  grows  extensively  in 
Sumatra,  from  whence  the  sago  flour  is  imported  into 
Singapore,  and  then  granulated  into  the  different  kinds  of 
■ago.  In  the  form  of  sago  cakes  it  constitutes  the  prin- 
cipal food  of  the  natives  of  the  Moluccas,  especially  during 
their  sea  voyages.  Plantain  meal,  obtained  from  the  tndt 
of  the  plantain,  or  banana,  may  be  employed  for  the  same 
purposes,  though  it  is  not  so  white-looking  as  arrow-root. 
Plantains  form  a  large  portion  of  the  food  of  the  negroes 
in  the  West  India  Islands.  In  Ghiiana  the  meal  is  used 
m  a  nutritious  article  of  diet. 

The  seeds  of  Nelumbrium  speciosum  and  of  Trapa  his- 
pimami  abound  so  much  in  starch,  that  it  may  be  easily 
separated  from  them.  Both  are  employed  as  articles  of 
diet  among  the  natives  of  India,  and  may  well  be  arranged 
in  the  starch  series. 

Salep,  or,  as  commonly  called,  Salep  muree,  may  also  be 
placed  here,  though  the  tubers  are  not  exactly  of  the 
nature  of  starch,  but  consist  of  bassorin,  or  insoluble  gum, 
with  some  soluble  gum  and  starch.  These  tubers,  pro- 
dneed  by  different  species  of  Orchids,  are  highly  esteemed 
m  India  for  their  nutritious  qualities.  The  best  kinds, 
whidi  are  brought  from  Candahar  and  Affghamstan  to  the 
Hurdwar  fiur,  sell  for  a  very  high  price.  The  kinds  pro- 
duced in  India  are,  however,  possessed  of  much  of  the 
■■me  properties. 

Along  with  the  starch  series  are  also  ranged  the  differ- 
cut  kinds  of  ^ar  agcWf  which  have  been  sent  from  Singa- 
pore, and  which  are  so  much  in  request  as  objects  of 
Chinese  commerce.  These  are  varieties  of  Algay  or  sea- 
weeds, very  similar  in  their  properties  to  Carrageen  or 
Irish  moss,  and  to  Ceylon  or  Jaffna  moss,  wliich  is  col- 
lected at  Jafihapatam.  They  have  by  some  been  tliought 
to  be  identical  with  it ;  but  the  specimens  of  Ceylon  moss, 
in  the  author's  collection,  do  not  correspond  with  all  these 
Agar  agars ;  and  it  is  probable,  therefore,  that  some  are 
yielded  by  different  species  of  plants  allied  to  the  genus 
of  the  Ceylon  moss,  which  is  now  called  Plocaria  can- 

Arrow-root, kinds  of,  from  Assam,  Calcutta,  Rutnaghcrry, 
Tixagapatam,  Borneo,  and  Java.     {Curcuma  angustifolia 

Arrow-root  {Rutnagherry).  The  "Kutcherra,"  or  root 
fitnn  which  this  flour  is  prepared,  grows  in  all  the  villages 
in  the  southern  Kdkun.  It  is  used  in  the  jail,  where  the 
quantity  made  during  the  year  amounts  to  about  18 
maunds,  or  604  lbs.  West  India  arrow-root  was  intro- 
duced into  thegardens  at  Rutnaghcrry  by  the  collector, 
Mr.  Elphinston,  in  1810  or  1841 ;  it  thrives  exceedingly 
well,  but  it  is  not  grown  to  any  extent.  Tlie  quantity  of 
flour  prepared  from  this  root  is  about  one  maund,  or  28  lbs. 
(annually  ?)  as  the  native,  by  whom  it  is  cultivated,  lias 
not  obtained  a  sufficient  number  of  plants  to  extend  his 
experiments,  Mr.  Elphinston  liaving  given  up  his  garden 
in  1844-45.  The  jail  arrow-root  sells  from  4i  to  nearly  4i 
annas  per  lb. ;  whilst  the  West  India  arrow-root  sells  at 
6  annas  4  pice  per  lb.,  or  3  lb.  ]H*r  rupee. 

Arrow-root  flour,  from  Calicut. 

Sago  meal  (Phanix),  s)xx;ies  of^  from  Cuttack. 

Pearl  sago ;  sago  flour  ;  sago  cakes  ;  pith  of  sago  pahn. 
Principal  Jood  of  natives  of  jfnlacca,  also  made  by  them 
into  soup. 

Tapioca,  from  Calcutta  and  Rutnaghcrry. 

Tapioca  {Rutnagherrt/).  Tapioca  was  also  introduced 
into  the  gardens  at  this  station  bv  Mr.  Klpliiuston  in 
1840,  and  the  total  quantity  of  hind  sown  with  slips  of 


this  plant,  amounts  to  about  three  becghas.  This  cultiva- 
tion is  carried  on  in  a  garden  attached  to  the  jail,  and  on 
some  land  belonging  to  a  native.  This  individual  prepares 
about  15  mauncu  yearly,  and  3  maunds  are  made  in  the 
jail,  in  all  18  maunds  or  504  lbs.  The  jail  tapioca  sells  at 
10  rupees  per  maund ;  whilst  that  prepared  bv  the  native 
realises  from  12  to  15  rupees  per  mauud,  as  he  disposes 
of  it  by  retail  sale  at  Bonibay. 

Tapioca  and  arrow-root  floiu*  is  prepared  by  rasping 
the  roots  down  to  a  pulp,  which  is  steeped  in  clear  water, 
after  which  the  fibre  is  separated  by  the  hand,  the  flue 
flour  being  allowed  to  settle  at  the  bottom ;  the  fibrous 
part  or  stuff  is  eaten  by  cattle,  and  seems  to  be  very  nutri- 
tious. The  root  may  be  roasted  and  oaten  as  yams.  The 
flour,  prepared  as  above  described,  becomes  puriT  in  pro- 
portion to  the  number  of  times  it  is  washed  in  water,  which 
nas  to  be  changed  twice  a  day  to  prevent  its  soiu*ing  or 
becoming  acid,  which  injures  the  flavour  of  the  flour. 

Of  the  quantity  of  flour,  both  tapioca  and  arrow-root, 
one- third  is  consumed  at  the  station, and  the  remaining  two- 
thirds  are  sent  to  parties  applying  for  it  from  Bombay.  The 
native  manufacturer  retails  his  own  produce  at  Bombay, 
as  he  makes  a  greater  gain  than  by  wholesale  to  the  chemists 
and  druggists.  I  have  not  heard  of  any  Rutnaghcrry  tapioca 
or  arrow-root  being  exported  to  England  or  any  other  Eu- 
ropean country." 

Flour  of  Nelumbium  seeds  {Nelunibium  tpedosum)^ 
from  Cuttack. 

Salep,  Salep  misree,  obtained  in  Calcutta,  from  the 
north-west  of  India. 

Plantahi  meal,  from  Madras. 

Agar  Agar. — 1st  quaUty  obtained  from  Malacca.  A 
sort  of  edible  sea-weed,  which  grows  on  the  rocks  that 
are  covered  by  the  tide.  It  is  much  used  for  making  a 
kind  of  jelly,  which  is  higlily  esteemed  both  bv  Europeans 
and  natives  for  the  dchcacy  of  its  flavour.  From  Singa- 
pore Committee. 

Ditto. — 2nd  quahty,  obtained  from  Macassar  (Celebes). 
It  is  an  edible  sea- weed,  collected  on  the  submerged  banks 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Macassar  by  the  Bajow  Laut  or 
sea  Gipsies,  for  exiwrtation  to  China.     Ditto. 

Ditto. — Obtained  from  Singai>ore,  and  collected  on  tlie 
reefs  and  subnierpwl  Itnlges  in  the  vicinity  of  Singapore, 
and  constitutes  the  bulk  of  the  cargoes  of  the  Cliinedc 
junks  on  their  return  voyage.  It  is  much  used  there  as 
a  size  for  stiffening  silks  and  luaking  jollies.     Ditto. 

(G.)  Sugar  Series. 

[The  increased  growth  and  manufacture  of  sugar  iu 
India  have  o(U*n  attracted  attention  in  Euroix?,  in  order  to 
ascertain  whether  it  could  be  supplied  in  such  quantities 
and  at  such  prices  as  to  contend  with  slave  sugar  in  home 
markets.  From  the  larger  capital  which  has  been  invcbted 
in  the  manufacture  of  sugar  by  Euroixmns,  and  from  the 
increased  exports  of  sugar  from  India,  it  would  apjx^ar  that 
capitalists  arc  of  opinion  that  this  can  be  done.  But  the 
great  demand  there  is  in  India  for  sugar  for  home  con- 
sumption, and  the  rapidity  with  which  prices  are  run  up 
in  the  interior  whenever  an  increased  demand  occurs  from 
Euroi)e,  have  pro'ented  the  much  larger  exiwrts  that 
might  have  taken  place,  or  the  expected  profits  bt»ing 
realized  on  its  arrival  in  thi^  countr)-.  One  thing  is  very 
evident,  and  that  is,  the  great  improvement  whith  has 
taken  place  in  the  manufocture  of  sugar  by  the  difl'ePL'nt 
Eurojxmn  Companies  wliich  have  been  establisheii  in 
India,  as  displayed  in  the  specimens  sent  for  exhibition 
from  CoHsijwrc  and  Ganjam,  from  the  Deccan,  and  fn>ni 
Shajehaui»ure.  Tlie  sugar-candy  from  Biekantvr  i.n  inte- 
resting, because  it  is  i»ent  from  a  district  where  the  sugar 
is  not  pnKluced ;  hi  fart,  from  a  <K»rtert-like  count rj-  when? 
the  sugar-cane  cannot  l)e  grown.  But  sugar  in  a  raw 
state  is  i]niH>rtcd  from  the  plain?*,  and  afttT  U'ing  purified 
and  cr}'stallixcd  is  sent  back  again  and  brings  a  gixxi  pricc» 


876 


EAST  INDIES. 


[GoiX>]nES  AXD 


ae  it  is  valued  both  by  Europeans  and  by  natives  of  rank. 
These  also  oonsume  a  good  deal  of  the  sugar-candy  of  CSiina. 

Among  the  sugars  another  very  interesting  feature  is, 
the  variety  of  plants  from  which  sugar  is  obtained,  and  of 
which  specimens  have  been  sent.  Though  the  sugai>-cane 
yields  by  £itr  the  largest  quantity,  yet  in  some  districts 
the  wild-date  palm  (Phoenix  sylvestria)  is  the  principal 
source,  as  in  some  of  the  districts  of  Bengal.  In  the 
Madras  Presidency  much  sugar  is  obtained  from  the 
Palmyra  palm  {BorasstuJlabelUformis),  and  in  the  straits 
from  the  gomuti  or  sago  palm  {Aren^a  saccUarifera), 
A  specimen  has  also  been  sent  of  sugar  obtained  from  the 
Neepah,  a  plant  allied  to  the  Pandaneet^  or  screw  pines, 
and  which  lines  the  shores  of  many  parts  of  the  Malayan 
peninsula,  as  well  as  of  many  of  the  Eastern  islands.  The 
Bassias,  which  have  been  mentioned  as  the  sources  of  a 
distilled  spirit,  also  yield  sugar,  though  this  is  more 
freq;uently  fermented  than  separated  from  the  flowers  in 
the  form  of  sugar. 

Following  the  sugars,  a  very  good  specimen  of  manna 
from  the  tamarisk  is  displayed,  having  been  sent  to  the 
author  of  this  note  by  Dr.  Stocks  from  Scinde.] 

Loaves  of  sugar  manufiictured  after  European  and  native 
methods,  from  Shahjehanpore,  in  district  of  Rohilkund. 

Sugar  (Sctccharum  officinale),  from  Aska,  in  Gkmjam. 

Sufar  from  the  Deccan. 

Indigenous  Sugar.  **  Made  by  the  simple  process  de- 
scribed in  the  *  Q^ansactions  of  the  Bombay  Agricultural 
Society  of  1839.'  Could  be  afforded  at  7  to  8  rupees  per 
maund  of  84  lbs." — Bombay. 

Sugar  from  sugar  £EU!tory  at  Gossipore. 

Sugar  candy;  native  ciystallized  sugar  candy;  from 
Bickaneer.    Baiah  of  Bickaneer.  * 

Sugar  made  from  the  juice  of  spatho  of  the  Gk)mmuti 
pahn,  from  Java. 

Date  sugar  {PhoBnix  sylvestris),  from  Dacca. 

Neepah  sugar  {Nipa  firuticant),  produced  in  Burman 
and  Malayan  peninsida. 

Sugar  of  Muohwa  flowers,  or  those  of  the  butter  tree 
(Bcusia  buttfr<u:ea)f  from  K^maon. 

Sugar,  manufactured  in  Dutch  high-pressure  vacuum 
pans,  and  by  a  new  process  not  generally  known,  made  in 
common  open  batteiy,  from  Sourabaya,  Java. 

Sugar,  manuiactuied  in  low-pressure  vacuum  pans,  from 
ProboUngo,  Java. 

Yestinado,  substitute  for  liquorice  root  {Abrus  preca- 
ioHu9)y  from  Tanna. 

Tamarisk  manna  from  Scinde. — Dr.  Stocks. 


Class  IV. 
Yegetable  Substances  Used  in  Manupactubes. 

[The  natural  products  of  this  class  are  separated  from 
the  last  because  they  are  employed  chiefly  in  the  arts  and 
manufactures,  or  as  medicines  ;  yet  some  of  them  are  also 
used  as  articles  of  diet — as,  for  instance,  many  of  the  fatty 
oils  and  gum  in  some  parts  of  Africa. 

OnmSj  ReginSf  and  Chmn-resins. 

In  mercantile  language,  the  word  gum  indicates  very 
dissimilar  substances — that  is,  either  a  gnm,  a  resin,  or  a 
gum-resin.  But  the  word  gum  signifies  a  vegetable  exuda- 
tion which  is  soluble  in  water,  and  resin  one  that  is  soluble 
in  spirit,  while  gum-resin  indicates  those  which  contain 
both  giun  and  resin.  Without  chemical  analysis,  it  is  not 
always  easy  to  say  to  which  of  these  groups  a  new  and 
unknown  substance  belongs. 

As  Africa  produces  and  exports  the  largest  quantity  of 
the  giun  of  commerce,  we  might  expect  tliat  some  of  it 
would  reach  India  with  other  African  products  from  the 
East,,  or  Somali  Coast^  through  Aden  and  Arabia.    Some 


fine  specimens  of  gum  have  been  sent  from  Aden,  pro- 
duced probably  by  different  species  of  arada  which  aboond 
in  the  arid  plains  of  Africa.  In  India  a  good  deal  d 
gum  is  yielded  by  Acacia  arabiea,  and  by  other  species 
of  the  same  genus.  Gimi  is  also  yielded  bj  wpean  d 
other  genera,  as  Feronia,  Melia,  Mimuaops,  and  a  substitnts 
for  tragacanth  by  species  of  Cochloapermnin  and  of  Sicr* 
culia.  It  would  be  extremely  interesting  and  important, 
as  showing  their  application  to  difTerent  purpoaes  in  the 
arts,  to  ascertain  their  exact  comporition,  and  the  means 
by  which  the  less  pure  kinds  of  gums  might  be  jf^mtltA 
Some  of  these,  though  not  purely  su<^  are  more  naefiil  kr 
their  astringent  properties,  as  those  of  Butea,  Bombax, 
Moringa,  and  Diospyros.  Among  the  resina,  that  ealied 
Soondroos,  and  by  European  mercfaaotsy  Ammi^  and 
Copal,  is  imported  into  this  country  from  India^  It  is 
the  produce  of  Africa,  uid  forms  one  of  the  imports  into 
Aden.  The  tree  yidding  it  is  unknown.  TUs  rain  bas 
sometimes  been  thought  to  be  the  prodooe  of  V&ierim 
indica  ;  but  this  yields  a  resin  which  exudes  in  the  liquid 
state,  and  is  known  by  the  name  of  Piney  varmtk.  Some 
fine  specimens  have  been  sent  in  bottlea,  and  aiv  in  a  soni- 
fluid  state.  Others  are  in  a  dry  stale,  and  form  a  pore 
resin.  A  greenish-coloured  resin  fitnn  Coorg,  of  vhiA 
the  soiurce  is  unknown,  also  appears  very  pore,  and 
might,  like  the  former,  be  employed  for  wMfclrhng  Tandshea. 
The  most  abundant  of  the  resins  is  that  of  the  saul  tnt, 
Shorea  rohusta,  which  is  itself  an  inTaluaUe  timber  tree. 
It  is  used  for  all  the  purposes  of  resin,  and  for  paying  the 
bottoms  of  boats  in  India.  It  is  known  by  the  names  of 
Dammar,  ral  and  dhoona.  The  name  Damm&r  signifies 
resin  in  general,  but  is  most  frequently  applied  to  the 
resin  of  a  pine,  the  Dammara  amsiralu,  of  which  i^eci- 
mens  have  been  sent  from  Malacca.  Among  the  fragrmt 
resins,  the  olibanum  may  be  mentioned,  which  is  used  in 
India  as  incense.  That  produced  in  India  is  obtained 
from  Boswellia  fkurifera,  while  that  imported  from 
Africa  is  the  produce  of  probably  another  species  of 
Boswellia.  Myrrh  is  imported  from  Africa,  uid  assa- 
fcDtida,  ammoniacum,  &c,,  from  the  Persian  Gul£  Bdel- 
hum,  an  inferior  kind  of  myrrh,  has  been  shown  by 
Dr.  Stocks  to  bo  produced  by  a  species  of  Balaamodendron. 
Dr.  Nicholson  has  dicovercd  it  in  Kattywar,  and  it  is 
probably  produced  in  other  parts  of  India.  Bensoin  is  a 
weU-known  product  of  the  island  of  Sumatra  ;  but  a  kind 
is  stated  to  be  produced  in  Malabar,  of  which  the  soovos 
has  not  been  ascertained.  The  storax  sent  by  the  Bajah 
of  Kotah  has  probably  been  imported  into  India. 

The  oleo-resins  have  not  attracted  that  attention  which 
they  deserve :  the  kind  called  Ouryum^  obtained  from  a 
species  of  Dipterocarpus,  yields  an  oleo-resin  reiy  similar 
to  balsam  copaiba. 

Caoutchouc  and  Outta  Perdka, 

Among  these  are  some  original  specimens ;  as  the 
caoutchouc  sent  from  Assam  to  Mr.  Swinton,  and  the 
specimens  collected  by  Capt.  Vetch,  which  an»  very  puiv, 
have  httle  colour,  and  retain  all  their  original  properties. 
New  sources  of  this  useful  substance  are  indicated  in  the 
specimens  from  Singapore. 

The  specimens  of  gutta  percha  are  interesting,  as  bein^ 
some  of  the  original  ones  sent  by  Dr.  Montgomery  to 
the  India  House,  and  from  whence  specimens  were  dis- 
tributed to  numerous  experimentalists.  Professor  SoUv 
employed  some  of  them  in  the  analysis  whic*h  he  ma<k> 
on  the  original  introduction  of  this  substance.  TIk*^* 
are  sent  by  Colonel  Bonner,  of  the  East  India  IIou.«c.] 


Dependencies.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


877 


(A.)  Gum  and  Renn  Series. 
Gum  Babool  {Acacia  arabica),  firom  BengaL 
Gum  Arabic,  nrom  Aden  (imported  firom  Somali  coast)  ; 
Kheir  gum  of  Acacia  catechu^  firom  Bajpootamili;  Jumma 
jegota  (Acacia  leucophlaa)^  from  yizajrapatam ;  Babool 
taca,  keekur  gond  (Acacia  famesiana^y  from  Bengal. 
Gum  ^tie,  Babul  tree,  from  interior  of  Bombay. 
Gum  Gattie  ia  a  gum  produced  in  the  Concan,  Guzerat, 
and  Dekkan,  from  the  oonunon  "  babool  V  or  acacia  ara- 
bica,  yery  similar  to  gum  arabic.    Be-exportcd  chiefly  to 
Great  Britain :  annual  importation  360,867  lbs. 

Gum  from  margosa  tree  (Melia  azadirachta),  from 
If  adura,  Tinniyellj,  and  Palamcottah. 

Gum  of  wood  apple  tree  (Ferotda  elephantum) ;  Pagada 
jegota  (Jiimutaps  elenffi) ;  Mallaga  jeffota  (Moringa  pterif- 
gOMperma),  fiwm  Yixagapatam ;  BaUee  gond  (Sterculia 
•tvim),  or  spurious  trasacanth. 

Spurious  Tragacanth.  Balce  gond,  the  gum  of  the 
Stemilia  urens.  This  comes  from  the  neighbourhood  of 
Tuma ;  it  is  all  that  the  committee  haye  been  able  to  ob- 
tain, and  was  taken  from  a  priyate  collection.  It  is  not 
•old  in  the  bazaar  of  Bombay ;  it  has  been  sent,  at  the  re- 
quest of  the  Central  Committee  at  Calcutta. 

£uteera,  or  spurious  Tragacanth  (Cochlospermnm  gos- 
^jfpium)^  finom  Meerut. 

Giuns,  small  collection  in  bottles,  from  Sarawak,  Borneo. 
Besin  of  saul  tree  (Shorea  rohiuia)^  from  Bengal  and 
Bhaffulpore ;  Ghiggilam  (Vatica  tumbuggaia\  from  Canara 
and  Vixaeapatam. 

Copal,  Soondroos — sent  from  Bombay. 
It  IS  imported  here  from  the  Persian  and  Arabian  gulfs, 
and  re-exported  chiefly  to  Europe. 

Piney  yamish  (Valeria  indica),  from  Malabar  and 
Ganara. 

Piney  resin  of  dhoop  tree  (Vateria  indica)^  from  Canara. 
BfCsin  of  Tendoo,  kmd  of  ebony  (IHospgros)^  from  Baj- 
pootanah. 

Meka  sta-Dhoona,  from  Assam. 

Thenganet  resin,  for  paying  bottoms  of  ships,  from 
Arracan. 

Thenatthu,  coating  to  paper  umbrellas  and  yamish,  for 
manu&cture  of  papier  mach^ ;  Thetsee  (Melanorrhcsa 
ntiiata)y  used  as  lacquer,  from  Arracan. 

Black  yamish,  from  Assam,  Resin  of  (Odina  wodier)^ 
from  Calcutta  and  from  Meerut. 

Nareeda  jegota  (Eugenia  jamhoo)^  from  Yizagapatam. 
Pitch  of  gaup  tree  (Embrgopteris  glutinifera)^   from 
Bhaffulpore. 

Diilmnt  sorts  of  dhoop,  a  perfume,  from  Nepal,  Bhotan. 
OHbanum,  saleh  gond,  Loban    (Boewellia   thuri/era), 
from  Chota  Nagporc. 

Dikamali  gum  (Gardenia  lurida),  yery  efTective  in  keep- 
ing yermin  from  wounds,  from  the  interior  of  Bombay. 
It  exudes  in  amber-coloured  transparent  drops  about  the 
ends  of  the  shoots,  and  from  tlience  is  collected. 

Jelladipulu  (Calotropis  gigantea),  from  Yizagapatam. 
Besin,  Dammar,  from  Malacca,  Java,  and  Simiatra. 
Reains  and  guttas,  great  yariety,  from  Sarawak,  Borneo. 
Fir  turpentine  (Finns  longifoUa)^  from  Cliecra  Poon« 
jee  hills,  Dacca.     Resin,  from  Ullwar. 

Balsam  storax,  in  pilvor  box,  from  Rajpootanah. 
Benzoin  (Stgrax  benzoin) ^  from  Sumatra. 
Benzoin,  from  Malabar  and  Canara. 
Gum  resins,  as  assafcDtida,  ammoniac,  Ac.,  imported  into 
Bombay  from  the  Persian  Gidf. 

Gimi  Ammoniac  is  imported  into  Bombay  from  Persia 
and  Arabia,  and  chiefly  re-exported  to  Great  Britain. 
Annual  importation,  132,296  Ibf*. 

Gum  Gojar.  Of  this  gum  no  account  lias  been  ob- 
tained. It  was  sent  in  anticipation  tliat  an  accY)unt  of  it 
was  forthcoming,  but  none  has  readied  the  committee. 

Assafoptida.     Tliis  gimi  is  imported  from  the  Persian 

Gulf  and  Sindli,  and  chiefly  re-exported  to  various  parts 

in  India.     Annual  importation,  32  V,\)10  lbs. 

Bdellium,  a  kind  of  mj-rrh,  from  Aden. 

Bdellium,  from  Bombay.     Two  kinds  of  tliia  gum  haye 

been  discoyerod,  one,  which  is  thick  like  wax,  and  the 


other  the  common  dark  sort.  It  is  found  principally  in 
Persia,  Arabia,  Cutch,and  Sindh,  and  is  chiefly  re-exported 
to  Calcutta  and  China :  it  is  used  in  medicine.  Average 
annual  importation,  177,887  lbs. 

Bdellium,  from  Cutch.  This  is  collected  in  Cutch;  but 
probably  the  greater  part  imported  there  is  from  Arabia, 
and  the  Somali  coast  of  Africa. 

Nepalapi  pulu  (Jairopha  Curcas)  j  Mersakslii  (Amgris 
commiphora)^  from  Yizagapatam  and  Ganjam. 

Olibanum,  from  Aden,  from  Somali  coast. 

Myrrh,  Hcrabolc  and  Bysabole. 

Dragons-blood,  from  Aden,  imported  from  Sumali  coast. 

Heraduccun  (Bombag),  "  The  prwluco  of  a  largo 
species  of  ratan,  growing  on  the  north  and  north-east 
coasts  of  Sumatra  and  in  some  parts  of  Borneo,  and  im- 
ported in  small  quantities  to  Bombay.  It  is  either  in  oral 
or  round  drops  wrapped  up  in  flag-leaves,  or  in  large  and 
generally  more  impure  masses  composed  of  smaller  tears. 
It  is  internally  and  externally  of  a  dusky  red  colour,  and 
when  powdered  it  should  become  of  a  bright  crimson  j  if  it 
be  black,  it  is  worth  very  httle.  It  is  somewhat  transpa- 
rent, and  has  little  or  no  smell  or  taste ;  what  it  has  of  the 
latter  is  resinous  and  astringent.  Dragons-blood  is  far 
preferable  to  that  in  cakes,  the  latter  being  more  friablo 
and  less  compact,  resinous,  and  pure,  than  the  fonner. 
Being  a  costly  article,  it  is  very  apt  to  bo  adulterated ;  most 
of  its  alloys  dissolve  like  gum  in  water,  or  crackle  in  the 
fire  without  proving  inflammable;  whereas  the  genuine  dra- 
gons*-blood  readily  melts  and  catches  flame,  and  is  scarcely 
acted  on  by  watery  liquors.  It  is  often  confounded  with 
gum  kino ;  but  a  little  observation  would  easily  discover  the 
difference.  No  imports  of  it  took  place  in  1847-48  or 
48-49.  In  1819-60,  however,  586  lbs.  wore  imported,  and 
re-exported  to  various  places  in  India. 

C^amboge.  It  is  imported  from  Singapore,  China,  and 
the  Straits  of  Malacca,  and  is  chiefly  re-exported  to  Great 
Britain.     Annual  importation,  26,804  lbs. 

Cuttecmundoo,  or  Kattimundoo  giun  (Euphorbia  nerei- 
fblia).     This  gum  is  described  as  being  useful  in  cement- 
ing iron  with  other  substances,  the  blade  and  handle  of 
a  knife  for  instance. 

India-rubber  from  Ficus  clastica,  collected  by  Captain 
Yeitcli,  &c.,  in  Assam. 

India  rubber,  Gum  caoutchouc,  from  Lampung,  Su- 
matra ;  Manjegatu  (Ficua  indica),  Atti  jepota  (Ficus  rare 
mosa),  from  Yizagapatam ;  C^mboley  (Morus  indica)^ 
from  Paulghat. 

Gutta-perclia.  Some  of  the  original  sj)ecimens  sent  by 
Dr.  Montgomery  to  the  India  House. 

Gutta  perelia  (honandra  gutta)^  from  Johore,  Malay 
Peninsula. 

Gutta  trap  used  for  birdlime  (Artocarpus),  from.  Singa- 
pore. 

Macdttosh  k  Co.  Cambridge  St.  Manchesfery  and  73 
Aldermanburg^  London — Imj)orters,  Manufacturers, 
and  Patentees. 

1 — \  Specimens  of  India-rubber,  from  Asjiam. 

5 — 7  Specimens  of  India-rubber,  in  process  of  cleaning, 
in  masticated  block,  and  in  thin  cut  sheet.*!. 

8 — 10  Specimens  of  India-rubber  in  laid  sheets,  in 
colours,  and  in  solution. 

11  Specimens  of  India-rubber,  laid  on  various  fabrics 
as  material  for  making  watcriiroof  articles. 

12  S}Hviniens  of  India-rubber  embossings  for  making 
up  vuriou.**  fanc}'  articles. 

13  SiMvimens  of  India-rubber  thread  for  weaving  into 
various  elastie  articles. 

14  Specimens  of  India-mbberthreatl  for  ladies'  knitting 
and  crochet  work. 

Birdhmc,  bor  attock,  from  Assam. 

Yarietiw  of  raw  caoutchouc  and  its  preparations  for 
various  manufactures,  consisting  of  the  wood,  the  coagu- 
lated juice,  of  the  caoutchouc  from  Assam  ;  raw  caout- 
chouc from  Assam,  SiiiffniH>ri»  (Urceola  elastica^  the 
Jintawan  of  the  Malays),  from  Para,  Jamaica,  &c. 

Caoutchouc  in  the  procwses  of  being  cleaned,  corru- 


878 


EAST  INDIES. 


[CoLosns  Aan» 


gated  blocks,  sheoU  cuts  from  blocks,  and  also  in  spread 
sheets. 

Caoutchouc  yulcanizcd  in  a  sulphur  bath  ;  sulphurized 
by  mechanical  mixtiu\) ;  ditto  vulcanized ;  blocks  vul- 
canized ;  sheets  vulcanized  for  various  purposes ;  thread 
ditto  for  elastic  fabrics ;  sheets  coloured  and  vulcanized  ; 
embossed  and  modelled  caoutchouc  vulcanized ;  cloth  for 
waterproof  clotliing  and  articles  of  various  fabrics ;  double 
and  single  textures  vulcanized ;  sheets  converted^  coloured, 
converted,  and  vulco-converted  ;  dough  for  spreading  into 
sheets,  and  varnishes  prepared  of  caoutchouc,  &c. 

The  process  of  treating  caoutchouc  ydXh.  sulphur,  by 
means  of  heat,  since  called  vulcanizing,  was  discovered  by 
Mr.  Thomas  Hancock,  and  patented  by  him  November  23, 
1843.  The  remarkable  changes  effected  by  this  treatment 
of  caoutchouc  are : — 1st.  Its  resistance  to  the  effects  of 
climatic  temperature,  neither  being  stiffened  by  cold  nor 
iniured  by  heat.  2ndly.  It  resists  the  destructive  action 
of  the  common  solvents  of  caoutchouc,  merely  absorbing 
them  as  a  sponge  does  water,  but  without  being  dissolved 
in  essential  oils.  3rdly.  Its  greatly  increased  and  perma- 
nent elasticity. 

These  valuable  properties,  imparted  by  vulcanizing,  have 
opened  to  the  uses  oi  caoutchouc,  previously  very  lunited, 
many  important  and  extensive  appUcations  to  manufac- 
tures and  engineering. 

(C.)   Oil  Series, 

[This  series  includes  both  volatile  andfatti/y  as  well  as 
solid  oils,  or  vegetable  butters  and  tallows,  as  they  are  also 
called.  India  is  rich  in  aU  the  three  groups  of  oils ;  and 
among  them  are  some  which  are  httle  known  in  Europe, 
though  they  are  well  calculated  firom  their  good  qualities, 
abundance,  and  cheapness,  to  become  valuable  as  articles 
of  commerce,  and  from  their  fitness  for  candle  and  soap 
making.  Among  the  volatile  oils  are  the  famed  cUr, 
uUeTf  or  otto  of  roses,  and  with  it  some  fine  rose-water 
from  Mr.  Godfrey,  of  Ghazeepore.  Orass  oil,  often 
called,  though  erroneously.  Oil  of  Spikenard,  has  been 
sent  from  several  parts  of  Central  India,  as  well  as  from 
Sumatra,  under  the  name  of  Siri,  or  Lemon-grass  oil.  It 
is  probable  that  they  are  aU  produced  by  s^KHjics  of  the 
old  genus  Andropogon :  though,  without  authentic  speci- 
mens of  the  plants  from  each  place,  it  is  not  possible  to 
identify  these  correctly.  It  is  probable  tliat  one  of  them 
is  the  sweet  cane,  or  sweet  calamus  of  Scripture.  Sandal- 
wood oil  and  the  essence  of  Ketgee  or  Keora  (Pandanua 
odoratissimus),  are  highly  esteemed  in  the  East,  as  well  as 
that  prepared  from  the  Uggur,  or  Agila  and  Ahila,  the 
aloes- wood  of  Scripture.  With  all  these  may  be  enume- 
rated several  essential  oils  from  the  Moluccas,  as  well  as 
scents  from  Ghazeepore.  The  latter  are  solutions  of  the 
scents  in  the  finer  fixed  oils. 

With  these  volatile  oils  may  be  noticed  the  camphor  of 
Sumatra,  often  called  Barus  camphor,  which  has  been 
forwarded  from  Borneo,  tid  Singapore.  This  kind,  found 
in  a  solid  state  in  small  pieces  witliin  the  wood  of  Dryo- 
halanops  camphora,  is  so  highly  valued  by  the  Chinese,  as 
to  be  bought  by  them  at  a  much  higher  price  than  they 
sell  their  own  purified  camphor  for,  though  Europeans 
cannot  perceive  that  it  is  in  any  way  inferior. 


This  is  probably  as  suitable  a  place  as  any  for  noting 
the  Kayu  Garu,  or  Agala  wood.  Lignum  aloes,  and  Ca- 
lambac  wood  of  commerce,  wliich  is  produced  in  Sumatra 
and  Malacca,  as  also  in  Silhet.  In  tlie  last,  by  Aquilaria 
agallocha  of  Roxburgh,  figured  by  tlie  author  in  his 
"  Illustrations  of  Himalayan  Botany."  Tliat  of  Malacca 
may  be  produced  by  the  same  species  ;  that  of  Sioni  is  pro- 
duced by  the  Aloexylum  of  Lourciro.  It  is  liigldy  esteemed 
in  China  and  in  Turkey.    In  the  former  it  is  reduced  to  a 


fine  powder,  mixed  with  a  gunmiy  substance,  and  bid 
over  small  sUps  of  wood,  whidi  are  burned  in  tfaieir  tempki 
to  give  out  a  fragrant  odour. 

The  true  Spikenard,  or  Nardos,  compttod  bj  the  Arabs 
to  the  tail  of  an  ermine,  is  arranged  h^  with  aloes-wood, 
as  it  also  forms  a  scent  highly  esteemed  in  India  and  other 
Eastern  countries.] 

VolaiiU  Oils. 

Otto  or  atr  of  roses  {Sasa  glaMdifU>ra)f  fitm  Ghasse- 
pore. 

OH  or  atr  of  roses,  from  Bajpootana. — ^Rs^ah  of  KoUh. 

Rose-water,  by  Mr.  Godfrey,  from  Qhazeepore. 

Grass  oil  {Andropogon  Martini ;  SeAitmamihms  T  mnn 
catus :  A.  calamus  aromatieus,  Boyle),  from  Malwa. 

Grass  oil,  with  the  grass  and  seed,  from  which  it  is  ex- 
tracted, contributed  by  R.  C.  Hamilton,  Esq.,  from  Mahns. 

Lemon  grass  or  siri  oil,  from  Sumatra. 

OH  of  cloves  (Oleum  caryophglli),  from  Madras. 

Cajaputi  oil, Eayapateh,  nom Malacca. 

Sandal-wood  oil,  Chendima  tel,  Sundana  jennai  {Sam- 
talum  album),  from  Mangalore  and  Oanara. 

Ketgee  oil  {Pandanus  odoratissimms),  from  Bajpootana 

Kitichee ;  Uttur  khera,  green-pined  screw  pine^  iriUto 
flowered ;  Uttur  khetkee,  green-pined  screw  pine,  ydkw 
flowered  {Pandanus  odoratissimus),  from  Bajpootana, 

Uggur,  or  oil  of  aloes-wood,  from  NepaoL 

Compound  oil  of  aloes-wood,  from  Bajpootana. 

Essential  oil  of  aloes-wood,  from  Ghaxeepore. 

Safih)n  oil,  from  Rajfdi  of  Kotah,  Bajpootana. 

Scents  of  chumpa,  jasmine,  &c.  (Miekelia  ckampiMem^ 
Jasminum  grandidorum,  and  J.  samb€ie),  from  a  natire 
perfumer  at  Ghazeepore. 

Essential  oils  ana  scents,  from  the  Moloocas. 

Camphor,  commonly  called  Bama  camphor,  from 
Borneo,  much  esteemed  in  China,  erroneous^  satd  to  be 
used  to  flavour  the  Chinese  camphor. 

Kayu  garu,  U^gur,  Agila,  Eagle  or  aloes  wood,  from 
Sumatra  and  Malacca. 

Spikenard,  balchur  and  jatamansi,  Nardostachy*  jsta- 
mansi,  both  used  for  making  scents.     Himalayas. 

Fattg  Oils, 

[These  are  very  nimierous  in  India,  being  employed  by 
the  natives  both  as  articles  of  diet,  for  anointing  their 
bodies,  and  for  burning  in  oil-lamps.  •  Some  of  them  are 
cultivated  by  the  agriculturist,  as  the  poppy,  linseed, 
sesamum,  ramtil,  or  Ouizotia,  ground-nut,  and  the  dif- 
ferent kinds  of  mustard-like  plants,  so  also  castor-oil  and 
safliowcr.  The  shrubby  Jatropha  curcas  is  grown  in 
hedges,  &c.  Oil  is  also  expressed  from  the  seeds  of  lai^ge 
trees,  as  the  Cocoa-nut,  the  Kurrunj,  Chironjee^  I>ieaB, 
Margosa,  Poontree,  and  many  others,  of  which  the  pecu- 
liar properties  are  not  well  known,  as  fitted  for  difievBOl 
pur])ose8,  but  all  can  be  obtained  in  large  quantities. 

But  the  solid  oils,  or  vegetable  butters,  such  as  the 
cocoa-nut  in  temperate  climates,  are  of  great  interest,  and 
several  have  been  sent  from  India.  Of  these,  that  of  the 
Bassia  hutgracea,  from  the  neighbourhood  of  Almora,  in 
the  Himalayas,  has  so'eral  times  been  written  about,  but 
it  occurs  only  in  small  quantities;  that  of  the  Bassia 
laiifolia,  or  Muohwa  tree,  has  been  analysed  by  Mr.  Hard- 
wick,  who  has  sent  specimens  of  the  Bassic  acid,  which 
he  obtained  from  this  vegetable  fat,  which  clost^ly  resem- 
bles the  solid  oil  of  anotlier  species  of  Bassia,  that  i«, 
B.  longifolia,  whicli  is  common  in  the  Madras,  as  B.  lati- 
folia  is  in  tlie  Bengal,  Presidency.  This  lias  already 
been  mentioned  as  secreting  sugar  in  its  flowers,  which, 
being  fermented,  yields,  by  (Ustillation,  the  common  arrack 
of  the  country.      From   the  great   abundance  of   both 

I  species,  a  plentiful  supply  of  the  oil  might  be  obtaiiuxl, 
and  at  a  cheap  rate.    The  natives  could  supply  their  own 


Dbfehdenciks.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


879 


wants  with  the  oils  from  the  annual  plants.  Another 
•olid  oil,  of  which  the  tree  {Vateria  indica)  has  already 
been  mentioned  as  yielding  piney  varnish,  is  still  more 
substantial  in  nature,  and  is  commonly  called  vegetable 
tallow.  It  was  examined  some  years  since  by  Professor  E. 
Solly,  and  its  fitness  for  cancUe-making  clearly  demon- 
strated. Though  the  tree  is  abundant,  it  is  doubtful 
whether  the  oil  which  is  expressed  from  the  seeds  can  be 
bad  in  any  considerable  quantity — probably  from  the  want 
of  a  regular  demand.  In  addition  to  them,  a  vegetable 
tallow  has  been  sent  in  a  gourd  from  Sarawak,  in  Borneo, 
and  another  in  bamboos  from  Malacca,  though  the  trees 
yidding  them  are  not  mentioned.  They  may  be  the  same 
as  the  StUUngia  sebifera^  which  yields  the  vegetable  tallow 
of  China,  or  they  may  be  yielded  by  species  of  Bassia  or  of 
Piemandra.  One  of  them  may  be  the  Minia  battay  or  stone 
oil,  which  was  introduced  from  Borneo  some  years  since. 

But  without  specimens  of  the  plants  or  trees  yielding 
the  sereral  oils,  it  is  impossible  to  identify  them  when  the 
number  is  so  great  of  trees  yielding  not  only  oils  but  sohd 
fibts.  lir.  Low  mentions  tliat  several  species  of  Diptero- 
carpus  yield  a  £itty  oil,  which  having  been  sent  to  Eng- 
land, has  been  extensively  used  under  the  name  of  vege- 
table tallow  and  vegetable  wax.  The  seeds  of  one  of  the 
species,  called  Meneabamg  pinang^  yield  a  very  large  pro- 
portion of  oil,  which,  on  being  allowed  to  cool,  takes  the 
oonsistenee  of  sperm.  This'  has  been  used  at  Manilla  in 
the  manufacture  of  candles.  In  Borneo  it  is  called  by  the 
natives  indifferently  **  Miniak  meneabang"  or  "  Miniak 
iamkatcan,"  Another  oil,  expressed  from  the  seed  of  a 
tree  called  katiaw,  is  called  "  Miniak  kaiiotv."  It  biuns 
in  lamps  with  a  bright  and  clear  flame,  and  emits  an 
agreeable  odour.  The  Miniak  kapayang  is  another  oil 
held  in  esteem  for  cooking  by  the  natives  of  Borneo.  It 
is  yielded  by  the  tree,  called  Pangiiim  edule  by  botanists. 
Mr.  Low  mentions,  moreover,  that  the  seeds  of  many  of  the 
{oTctX  trcet»,  as  the  niaie  or  giitta  perclia  of  the  Malay 
Peninsula,  produce  edible  oils  of  fine  qualities.  He  also 
refers  to  wood  oils,  called  "  Miniak  kntingy*  which  are 
obtained  by  cutting  a  largo  hole  in  the  trci*,  into  wliich 
fire  being  placed,  the  oil  exudes.  Tlie  wood  oil,  or  gurjun 
of  Silhet,  is  obtained  in  something  of  a  similar  manner 
from  diflerent  sixxjies  of  Dipterocaqms. 

The  soUd  oila  or  vegetable  fats  sent  from  Bombay,  under 
the  names  of  Kokum  and  of  Kihuel  oil,  the  first  vielded 
by  the  seeds  of  Oartnnia  purpurea^  and  the  otlier  by  tlie 
seeds  of  Saivadora  pertica^  arc  remarkable  for  their  soUd 
consistence,  and  may  probably  be  appHcable  to  a  variety 
of  useful  purposes. 

The  collection  of  oils  is  probably  the  largest  in  number, 
and  at  the  same  time  one  of  the  most  valuable,  that  has 
ever  been  sent  to  this  countrj'.  Tliougli  many  liave  con- 
tributed in  forming  the  collection,  the  Commissarj-Gcneral 
of  Madras,  Captain  Ilorsley,  of  ralamcattah,  and  T.  Bishop, 
Esq.,  of  Tanjore,  may  be  mentioned  as  each  sending 
several  varieties  of  oils. 

A  specimen  of  vegetable  wax  is  interesting.  It  lias 
been  sent  from  Singa])ore,  and  is  said  to  be  obtained  from 
tlie  island  of  Billitor— yiel(le<l,  iK>rliaps,  by  one  of  the 
above-mentioned  species  of  Dii)terocarj)us.] 

Linseed  and  linseed  oil,  tissee  tel,  from  Moorshedabad. 

Linseeil,  grown  in  the  interior  of  Bombay. 

Scftamuin  oil  (Sfxatnum  orientale)^  (black  and  white), 
from  Moor9he<bibad. 

Gingely  seed  (Sesamum  orienlah)^  from  Vizagai«tam 
and  Qanjam. 


Tillee  oil  and  seed  (Sesamum)^  from  Gwalior. 

Gingely  oil,  Manehy  uoomc,  til  ke  tel,  hind,  nullenai, 
tamool  {Seaamum  orieniale)y  grown  in  all  parts  of  India, 
Yizianagrum  Zemindary,  Timjore;  gingely  seeds,  from 
Hydrabad. 

A  kind  of  mustard  (Sinapis  taria)^  from  Ghazeepore 
and  Meerut.  Mustard  oil  {Sinapis  glauca),  from  Cal- 
cutta. 

Annaloo  noono;  {Sinapis  nigra)  ;  Rai  ke  tel,  hind ;  Ka- 
drogoo  yennai,  tam,  from  Tanjore. 

Castor-oil  seed,  large  and  small,  from  Bellary. 

Castor-oil  (Eicinug  communis) ^  from  Madura  and  Tinni- 
velly ;  Chitta  anmethum  ;  arindia ;  cliittamenachoo  yen- 
nai.    Cold-draxiTi  castor-oil,  arandee  ka  tel,  from  Tanjore. 

Jungle  lamp  oil,  Adivia  aumedum  (Bicinus  communis), 
from  Tanjore.  Erandee;  katoo  aum&nakoo  yennai.  Castor 
oil ;  mimak  jarah  oil,  fi*om  Java. 

Jatropha  oU.  The  uses  of  this  oil  from  the  Jatropha 
curcas  as  a  drying  oil  have  as  yet  hardly  been  tried,  but 
it  leaves  a  fine  varnish-like  polish  on  drying.  As  a  medi- 
cinal oil  for  external  apphcations  and  external  use  it  may 
be  found  valuable.  The  family  to  wliich  the  plant  belongs 
would  indicate  caution  in  its  use  as  n^ards  the  human 
body.  The  phmt  erows  extensively  over  the  Bombay 
Presidency.  The  oil  could  be  supplied  at  about  a  rupee 
for  seven  pints. 

Bhoga  Bliirinda  oil  (Jatropha  cttrcas)^  from  Beerbhoom. 

Poppy  seeds  and  poppy-seed  oil,  Gasagesa  noonffi  (Po- 
paver  somniferum)^  from  Tanjore  and  Calcutta. 

Oil  of  seed  of  Argemone  mexicana,  Calcutta. 

Koosum  oil  (Carthamus  tinctorius) ;  Safllower  seeds 
{Carthamus  tinctorius)  ;  oil  and  seed  of  saul  tree  (Shorea 
robusta),  from  South-west  Frontier  and  Bajpootana. 

Cheeronjee  berries  and  seeds  (Chironjia  sapida,  now 
Buchanama  latifolia),  from  Rajpootana  and  Moorsheda- 
bad. 

Yaluse  nime  {Ouixotia  abgssinica),  from  Yizagapatam. 

Bam  til  {Ouixotia  oleifcra),  from  Calcutta,  Yixagapa- 
tam,  Ganjam. 

Yalisaloo  oU,  Yalisaloo  noome  {(htixoiia  oleifera),  from 
Yizianagrum  Zemindary,  Yizagapatam,  and  Gtmjam. 

Poonseed  oil  {Calophgllum),  from  Madura,  llnnivelly, 
and  Palamcottah. 

Pimiacottay  oil,  Ponna  noono)  (Calophgllum  inophyl- 
lum),  from  Tanjore. 

Oondee  oil  (Calophyllum  inophgUum)y  Tannah. 

Oondee  oil.  Expressed  from  the  nut  of  the  Calophyl- 
lum mophyllum.  It  is  used  as  a  stimulant  in  medicine 
externally  and  internally. 

Almond  oil,  Badum  noona>,  Badoomai  yennai  (Amyg- 
dalus  communis^  probably  Terminal ia  catappa,  wliich  is 
called  the  almond  tree  in  many  parts  oi  India),  from 
Tanjore. 

Poonga  oil,  Kanuga  noome ;  Eaju  ka  tel ;  Poongar 
yennai,  from  Tanjore. 

Caju  apple  oil,  Moontha  maunnerly  noome  (Anacardium 
occidentale)  j  Kajoo  ka  tel ;  moonthery  yennai,  from  Tan- 
jore. 

Ncem  oil ;  exjiresscd  oil  from  margosa  berries  (Melia 
azadirachta)  ;  Margosa  seeds,  from  Bellary. 

Nt"em  oil,  Vapa  noona)  {Melia  azadirachta)  j  Neem 
vappa  yennai,  nnxluced  aU  over  India. 

Margoosa  oiX  Yapa  noonae  {Melia  azadirachta)  ;  neem 
ka  tel,  vappa  yennai,  from  Tanjore. 

Katchung  oil,  from  ground  nut  {Arachis  hypogaa)^ 
from  Java. 

Ground  nut  oil.  Owing  to  its  thinness  and  freedom 
from  rancidity,  containing  little  stearine,  it  is.  Dr.  Gibson 
thinks,  H!*cd  in  some  count ricMi  for  watclu»s  and  other 
delicate  nia^'hincry.  As  a  sabi<i  oil  and  a  c(K)king.oil  in 
India  it  is,  from  its  freshness,  sujx'rior  to  olive  oil. 
Quantities  of  it  are  annually  supphinl  to  the  medical 
stores  at  Bombay.  It  could  be  supphed  at  five  ni}M'e8 
{MT  2Slb!i. ;  without  allowing  profit,  at  two  annas  and  ten 
picrt  jKT  pint. 

Kumuij  oil,  fnmi  Tannah.  Expressed  from  the  nut  of 
Oalcdupa  indica^  now  the  Fongamia  glabra.     It  is  used 


880 


EAST  INDIES. 


[GoLonBSAn 


externally  as  a  stimulating  embrocation,  and  given  in- 
ternally to  horses  with  colic  spasms. 

Kanagu  noneo  (Ponffamia  glabra)  y  from  Yizagapatam. 

Country  walnut,  Dessy  akhroot  {Aleurites  triloba)', 
Simbolee  (Bergera  koBnigii). 

Hingim  or  Hingota  (Balanites  agypHacd),  oil  of 
Moringa  pterggosperma, 

Moonecla  grain  oil,  Yaroo  samgaloo  noono)  (Dolichos 
hiflorus). 

Nilackadelai  yennai,  from  Tanjore. 

SoUd  Oils. 

Cocoa-nut  oil  {Cocos  nucifera),  from  Calcutta,  Malabar, 
Madura,  TinniTelly,  and  Sarawak. 

Treble  refined  castor  oil,  from  Messrs.  Sainte  of  Cossi- 
pore,  near  Calcutta;  Tonkaya  noon®  {Cocos  nucifera)*, 
Narel;  Thenga  yennai,  fix)m  Madras. 

Vegetable  butter  or  ghee  {Bassia  butgracea),  frt>m  K6- 
maon. 

Muohwa  oil  (Bassia  latijblia)  fr^m  Moorshedabad. 

Epie  oil,  Ippa  noons  (Bassia  laiifoUa)  Canara ;  Illopo 
zennai  (Bassia  latifolia)^  frt>m  Mangalore. 

Elloopoo  oil  (Bassia  longifolia)  from  Madura  and  Tin- 
niyelly ;  Illoopoo  oil,  Ippa  noon«e,  expressed  fr^m  seeds 
of  Bassia  longifolia,  India ;  Illoopoo  yennai,  from  Tanjore. 

Vegetable  tallow,  or  Piney  tallow,  from  fruit  of  Dhoop 
tree  ( VcUeria  indi^a),  from  Malabar,  Canara,  and  Manga- 
lore. 

Kokum  oil  (Oareinia  purpurea),  Kokum  oil  is  ob- 
tained fix)m  the  dried  fruit  of  the  Oareinia  purpurea.  It 
is  a  concrete  oil.  It  is  used  as  an  article  of  food ;  also  as 
a  medicine  externally  in  eruptive  complaints,  and  inter- 
naUy  in  affections  of  the  bowels.  It  is  also  said  to  be 
exported  to  England  for  making  pomatum,  as  a  substitute 
for  bears'  grease. 

Kikuel  oil.  The  produce  of  the  solid  part  of  the  seed 
of  Salvadora  persica,  peeloo.  Tlie  pulpv  part  of  the  seed  is 
watery,  but  all  parts  of  the  tree  have  the  strong  mustard- 
like flavour.  The  roots  of  the  tree  have  strong  medicinal 
power.  It  is  common  in  Palestine.  It  is  imported  here 
from  Guzerat,  and  is  chiefly  consumed  in  Bombay.  An- 
nual importation,  3,843  lbs.  The  tree  is  supposed  to  be 
the  mustard-seed  tree  of  Scripture. 

Vegetable  tallow,  from.  Malacca,  and  Sarawak,  Borneo. 

Vegetable  wax,  Gutta  podoh,  from  Billiton. 


Coorookoo  oil,  from  Madura  and  Tinnivelly. 
Koodree  oil  and  Kabsoon  oil,  from  Cliota  Wagpore. 
Shemmandu  oil,  from  Palamcottah. 
Khatzum  (  Vemonia  anthelminiica  T),  from  Bombay. 

(D.)  Dges  and  Colours. 

[The  natives  of  India  being  celebrated  for  the  variety 
as  well  as  for  the  brilliancy  of  tlie  colours  which  they 
employ,  this  group  may  be  expected  to  be  rich  in  the 
number  of  raw  materials.  It  is  so,  to  a  certain  extent ; 
but  we  are  imable  to  say  anything  respecting  many  of 
them,  as  their  exact  applications  are  unknown.  There 
is  very  little  doubt  that  a  careful  investigation  of  their 
properties  would  amply  repay  any  scientific  dyer  who 
would  direct  liis  attention  to  them.  Some  of  these  dyes 
are,  no  doubt,  well  kno\*Ti ;  as  indigo,  of  which  fine  speci- 
mens have  been  sent  by  D.  Jardinc,  Esq.,  from  Jessore, 
and  others  from  CuddapaJi.  One  kind,  sent  by  Mr.  Fischer, 
is  interesting,  as  being  the  produce  of  tlie  leaves  of  a  tree 
(Wright ia  iinctoria),  wliich  differs  enttpely  from  the  com- 
mon indigo  plant  (Indigofera  tincforia).  Turmeric,  saf- 
flower,  sapan,  and  myrobolans,  and  others,  are  well  kno^n. 

The  different  kinds  of  madder  root  require  to  be  care- 
fully distinguished  with  rcsjiect  to  their  properties — as,  for 
instance,  the  munjeet  of  different  parts  of  India.  Tlie  al 
and  acA,  as  yicldetl  by  different  species  of  Morinda  in 
Central  India,  and  employed  in  dyeing  the  permanent  deep 


red  calico  called  hhurwct,  which  is  much  worn  by 
riers.  Both  these  are  distinct  from  the  diajr  root  (OUtsw' 
andia  umbeUata)  of  the  .Coromand^  CoAst.  Hie  msBf- 
kuda  root  has  been  Bent  from  Malacca,  Jara,  and  GeMwi^ 
to  which  the  old  name  of  the  chay  root,  Morimda  anfel- 
l<Ua,  is  applied  in  the  lists  from  Sbigapoie.  The  difBmnt 
lichens  from  the  Himalayas  and  Scinde^  the  itxits  and 
herbs,  flowers  and  frnits,  frc(m  Arrakan  and  the  Indiu 
islands,  as  well  as  frt>m  different  parts  of  India^  all  nqnire 
careful  investigation.] 

Specimens  of  indigo,  from  Babacolly,  in  Jeaaofe,  Mesas. 
M^Nair  and  Co.,  and  fr^m  Joradah  factoiy. — Sent  bj 
D.  Jardine,  Esq.,  of  Calcutta. 

Indigo  (Indigofera  tinctoria),fiOTa  Hart  and  SimptQQ*t 
factory,  fix>m  Arbuthnot^s  factory,  and  firom  Cuddapah 
market,  from  Cuddapah  and  Madbraa. 

Best  indigo  and  Kotah  indigo-seed,  from  Kotah. 

Indigo,  and  other  dyee,  Bao  of  Cutch.  Indigo  ia  chicAf 
grown  for  home  consumption. 

Pala  indigo  (WrighHa  tincioria)^  Mr.  Fiadier,  from 
Salem. 

Chiju  gum,  used  in  dyeine,  from  Celebes. 

Madder,  from  Assam,  Calcutta,  and  Aden. 

Lichens,  from  Himalayas  and  from  Sindh. 

Mangrove  bark,  Kaboung,  yields  chocolate  dye,  from 
Arracan. 

Myricai)ark,  frt>m  Himalayas. 

Bark  and  wood,  Ting  nyet^  dark  purple  dye,  from  Ar- 
racan. 

Sagah  bark,  and  Samak  bark,  from  Singapore. 

Lopisip  bark,  fr*om  Celebes. 

Purple  flowers  used  as  a  dye  in  Arracan  : — 

Sapan  wood  (Casalpinia  sapan),  frt>m  BennL 

Bulu  wood,  Bunchong ;  Mangkudu  root  ?  (Morinda 
umbellata)  red  dyes  frt>m  Celebes  and  Java. 

Safflower,  Kasoomba  (Carthamns  Uncionms)  from  As- 
sam and  Dacca. 

Tisso  flowers,  light  red  dye  (Buiea  fromdasa)  from 
Tanna  and  Bengal.  They  are  used  for  dying  a  light  red 
colour,  a  favourite  colour  for  turbans. 

Annotto  (Bixa  orellana),  from  Assam. 

Hursinghar  flowers,  yeDow  dye  (Ngctanikes  arbor  trisHs) 
Rajpootana  and  Cut  tack. 

Abutilon  striatum  ?  from  Assam. 

Haradah  berry,  from  Hill  tracts  of  Orissa. 

Myrobolans  (Terminalia  citrina  and  Terminaiia  belle' 
rica),  from  Moori^hedabad,  Cuttack  and  Assam. 

Marking  nut  (Semecarpus  anacardium),  from.  Assam. 

Reroo,  hair  of  fruit  of  (Rottlera  tincforia),  from  Assam. 

Turmeric  (Curcuma  longa),  from.  Assam. 

Seeds,  root,  and  powder,  prepared  for  colouring  ( Jf^- 
rinda  citrifolia),  from  Rajpootana. 

Root  of  Mangkudu  (Morinda  mmbeUata)  from  Malacca. 

Sapan- wood  root  (Casalpinia  sapan),  fi:om  Jatm  and 
PhiUppine  Islands. 

Chay  root  (Oldenlundia  umbellata),  from  TinnereDy, 
Palamcottah. 

Al  or  aeh  root  (Morinda  tinctoria),  from  Rajpootana. 

Nutgalls,  Danghvhurritocher,and  Assokat,  from  AMam. 
Reroo  (purple  dye),  Thit  nan  weng  (ehocols^  dye),  Krit 
tel  and  Thee  dan  (i^dd  dye),  from  Arracan.  Kayu  kadrang 
(j'cDow  dye),  from  Malacca. 

Woondy  (Calgsacion  longifolium),  from.  Bombay. 
Flowers  exported  to  Bengal  for  dying  sUk. 

Avaraiputta,  Saracundraputtah,  from  Palamacottah. 

Usburgh  and  Ukkul  beer  (Datisca  cannahina),  yellow 
dye,  from  Lahore. 

(E.)  Tanning  Substances. 

[The  same  observation  may  be  made  respecting  tan- 
ning substances  tlrnt  we  liave  made  re^jKHrting  the 
dyes,  that  is,  judging  from  the  results,  the  raw  materials 
employed  must  bo  possessed  of  the  best  qualities  as 
astringents.     Some  of  these  are  well  known  as  tho  dif- 


Dependencies.  ] 


EAST  INDIES. 


881 


fivent  kinds  of  Mjrobolans,  but  which  are  chiefly  emplojed 
in  dTeing.  The  Emblic  mj/robolaru,  which  is  more  astrin- 
gent)  is,  however,  the  product  of  a  very  different  tree 
(JSmhUea  qfficinalu)  from  the  others.  Gall-nuts  are 
bnported,  by  the  Persian  CKdf,  into  India  from  the  same 
regions  which  supply  Europe.  Tamarisk  galls  are  us^ 
in  some  places  where  they  are  abundant,  as  is  pomegranate 
rind.  The  diri  divi  is  being  grown  in  Bengal,  and  pro- 
duced of  excellent  quality;  but  a  new  species  of  Casal- 
pimia,  called  Teree,  from  Chittagong,  is  found  to  be  useful 
for  the  same  purposes.  The  bark  of  Acacia  arabica  is 
the  most  frequently  employed  in  most  parts  of  India,  but 
that  of  Ccusia  auriculata  in  the  Peninsula.  Several 
others  require  examination.  The  acacia  is  abimdant  in 
the  forests  of  Scindc,  as  is  the  mangrove  along  the  shores 
of  the  Indus.  Dr.  Stocks  has  proposed  the  preparation 
of  extracts  from  these  barks,  as  was  some  years  since  done 
by  Dr.  Gibson,  in  order  to  save  the  expense  of  freight  for 
bulky  barks,  and  enable  them  to  come  into  the  market 
with  catechu,  terra  japonica,  and  gambir,  which  are 
already  so  well  known  and  extensively  employed,  and 
oome  from  as  distant  parts  of  the  Indian  empire.  Kino 
also  might  be  more  extensively  supplied,  as  the  tree  pro- 
ducing it  has  been  discovered  in  many  of  the  forests  of 
India.  The  kino  of  Butea  frond o^^a  might  be  used  for  the 
•ame  purposes  as  it  is  possessed  of  similar  properties.] 

Aonla  berries,  Emblic  Myrobolans  {Phyllanthus  em- 
hlica),  from  Rajpootana ;  Marada  {Terminalia  alata) ; 
Buhera,  Safaed  mosslee,  Ilurrah  (Terminalia  hellerica)^ 
from  Mirzapore. 

Teree  (CtBsa/pinia),  A.  Sconce,  Esq.,  from  Chittagong. 

Divi  diri  (Casaipinia  coriaria),  grown  in  the  Botanic 
Garden,  Calcutta. — Dr.  Falconer. 

Mangrove  bark  (Rhizophora  Manglesii)^  from  Arracan, 
Halabiu',  and  Singapore. 

Babool  bark  (Acacia  arabica  and  Acacia  catechu^  from 
Madras,  Sindli,  Sliahjehaniwre,  Rohilkuiul,  and  Assam. 

Avaraputtai,  Tangnda  jogota  (Cassia  auriculata)^  from 
Tixagapatam ;  Sarat'ondraputtai  (Cassia  Jistula),  from 
Madura  and  Tinnivelly. 

Jmmoon  bark  (Eufjenia  jambolana)^  from  Cut  tack. 

Peal  bark,  from  Cut  tack. 

Saul  tree  bark  (Shorea  rofmsia)^  from  South  West 
Frontier,  and  Vizagapatam. 

Gallnuts,  from  South- West  Frontier. 

Pomegranate  bark,  Daruncka  puekl,  Dadima  fegota 
(Punica  granatum)^  Kemaon,  Vizagapatam. 

Galls  of  Tamarisk,  Sumrut  ool  Usl  (Tamarix  Imlica), 
from  Bombay  and  Lahore. 

Catechu  extract  (Acacia  catechu)^  from  Rutnagherry  ; 
Kut,  from  Malabar,  Moomhedabad,  Calicut. 

Kino  gum,  Vangay  (Pterocarpus  nuirsupium),  from 
Malabar. 

Dhak  gum,  Clioon  gond  (Buieafrondosa),  from  Raj- 
pootana, Cuttack,  and  Meenit. 

Moduja  fugutie  (Bufea  frondosa),  from  Vizagapatam. 

Gambir  (Uncaria  gambir) ^  from  Singapore. 

Mochrus  (Bombaz  malabaricum  and  Bombaz  hepla- 
phtfllum)t  from  Bengal  and  Mcerut. 

(F.)  Fibrous  Substances. 

[Under  the  head  of  fibrous  substances,  cotton  is  arranged 
with  flax  and  hemp.  It  is  uot,  however,  of  the  wime  htnic- 
ture  as  these,  being  considered  by  botanists  to  be  fomietl 
of  elongatwl  cells,  while  the  others  are  foniie<l  of  true 
ligneous  fibres  ;  but  as  all  are  applicable  to  the  i)ur}K»si»s 
of  weaving  and  of  roiK'-inaking,  it  is  more  convenient  for 
practical  purjxjses  to  trtnit  of  lliem  together. 

From  the  enormous  extension  of  cotton  manufacture  in 
tliis  country,  any  increase<l  supply  of  the  raw  material 
from  new  or  from  old  sources  w  a  subject  of  paramount 


importance,  and  has  hence  for  some  time  engaged  much  of 
the  public  attention.  The  Indian  collection  exhibits  a 
very  large  number  of  specimens  frx>m  a  great  extent  of  ter- 
ritory. But  the  cotton  is  of  very  different  degrees  of 
quality  and  of  length  of  staple.  The  indigenous  cotton  of 
Asia  which  is  met  with  in  commerce  seems  all  to  be  pro- 
duced by  varieties  of  one  species,  the  Oossypium  indicum, 
often  called  O.  herbaceum  by  botanists ;  but  it  is  truly 
herbaceous  only  in  cold  climates.  The  cotton  of  this  when 
compared  with  American  species  is  distinguished  by  the 
shortness  and  often  by  the  coarseness  of  its  staple,  and 
this,  notwithstanding  that  the  matchless  muslins  of  Dacca, 
as  well  as  of  other  districts  of  India,  have  for  ages  been 
manufactured  with  it.  This  is  owing  partly  to  the  caro 
with  which  the  cotton  is  selected  and  prepared  by  the 
native  weavers,  and  partly  to  the  deUcacy  of  touch  of  the 
Uindoos,  which  enables  them  to  spin  a  staple  wliich  is  too 
short  for  machinery.  It  is  probable  that  some  of  the 
cotton  grown  near  Dacca  was  of  finer  quahty  than  tlie 
rest :  at  all  events  it  is  kno^-n  tliat  it  had  one  peculiarity, 
that  of  not  swelling  in  tlie  process  of  bleaching,  and 
making  it,  therefore,  suitable  for  the  manufacture  of  fine 
muslins,  the  so-called  "  webs  of  woven  air,"  and  which 
were  attempted  to  be  depreciated  by  being  called  in  this 
country  ".  the  shadow  of  a  commodity." 

It  has  been  inferred  that  moisture  of  climate  is  essential 
to  the  production  of  good  cotton.  ITiis  is  no  doubt  the 
case,  but  it  must  be  combined  with  a  suitable  soil,  for  some 
of  the  cottons  from  Java  are  as  coarse  as  those  fr>om  the 
driest  parts  of  India.  Some  of  the  indigenous  cottons  of 
India  are,  however,  of  sufficient  good  quality  to  be  suitable 
for  many  of  our  manufactures — as,  for  instance,  the  cotton 
produced  in  Nagiwro  and  Berar,  provinces  of  Central 
India ;  also  that  of  Broach,  Surat,  Coimbatore,  and  Tinni- 
velly, wliich  are  districts  situatctl  along  the  coasts  of  the 
Bombay  and  Madras  Presidencies.  OrL*at  complaints  arc, 
however,  made  by  the  manufacturers  of  this  countrj',  and 
very  justly,  that  Indian  cotton  is  most  fK'quently  sent  in 
so  dirty  and  adulterated  a  state  as  to  be  troublesome  and 
expensive  to  work  up ;  a  lower  price  is,  therefore,  given  for 
it,  and  yet  this  price  has  to  cover  the  expenses  of  carriage 
and  freight  of  the  dirt  as  well  as  of  the  cotton.  The  cul- 
tivator compbiins  of  the  low  i)rices  jMiid  him  for  his  cotton, 
thougli  he  has,  in  some  measure,  his  own  carelessness  to 
blame,  though  the  defects  due  to  him  liave  been  greatly 
aggravated  by  the  systematic  adulteration  of  middlemen. 
Those  practically  best  acxjuainttnl  with  the  cotton  districts 
of  India  are  of  opinion  that  the  only  hoj^e  of  amendment 
dcix'nds  ui>on  the  settlement  among  the  natives  of  Euro- 
pean agents,  or  ujxm  the  a]>|iointment  of  Inspectors. 

Numerous  attempts  have  been  made  to  grow  cotton 
from  American  seeds  in  India,  and  though  it  is  often  stated 
that  the  exix-rimcnts  have  usually  ended  in  failures,  this 
is  far  from  having  been  the  case,  for  the  s|)ecimens  of  cotton 
wliieh  were  groA^n  on  the  experimental  farms*,  and  have 
since  then  bet*n  preserved  in  the  India  House,  and  are  now 
exhibitinl,  (hsplay  all  the  qualities  of  good  cotton.  Plants 
growing  in  the  neighboiu-hooii  of  the  old  farms  retain  all 
the  characteristics  of  go<Kl  cotton  ;  while  there  is  no  reason 
to  believe  that  the  cxpnises  of  culture  were  gri'uter  in 
former  times  tlum  the)'  have  prove<l  to  be  in  the  late  ex- 
periments, when  g(XMl  pritrs  have  Ixrn  i»aid  to  the  actual 
cultivators,  and  a  handsome  profit  has  been  realized  on 
the  sale  of  the  cotton  in  this  countn*.  Tlie  exjuTiments 
have  failtMl  in  some  districts  appan-ntly  fnmi  the  unsuit- 
ableni'ss  of  climate ;  but  they  have  succeeded,  and  the  cul- 
tivation is  progressively  increasing  in  other  di»tri<-ts,  such 


882 


EAST  INDIES. 


[CoLovm  Aso 


as  Candeish,  Belgaum,  Dharwar,  Coimbatore,  and  Tinni- 
ToUy.  In  the  last-mentioned  district  it  is  particularly 
interesting  to  observe  that  the  cultivation  has  been  taken 
up  by  gentlemen  from  Manchester,  though  it  is  generally 
preferable,  because  more  profitable,  to  allow  the  natives  to 
cultivate  the  cotton,  and  to  agree  to  purchase  it  from  them 
when  grown.  In  Candeish,  Belgaimi,  and  Dharwar,  the 
culture  of  American  cotton  by  the  natives  of  India  was 
gradually  extending ;  and  it  was  expected  that  in  the  season 
of  1850-51  about  9,000  bales  of  Indian-grown  American 
cotton  would  pass  through  the  station  of  Dharwar  on  their 
way  to  this  country.  This  cotton  can  be  laid  down  in 
Liverpool,  all  expenses  paid,  at  3idf.,  and  has  frequently 
sold  for  6d.  and  6^d.  a  pound.  The  whole  of  the  details 
are  given  in  the  author's  work  "  On  the  Culture  and 
Commerce  of  Cotton  in  India  and  elsewhere/'  London, 
1851.] 

Cotton. 

Cottons  grown  in  the  Experimental  Farms  of  the  East 
India  Company  from  the  year  1818  to  1850 — India  House. 

Indigenous  cottons,  from  Madras  Presidency,  Dacca, 
Agra,  JuUendur  Doab. 

Baw  cotton  with  seed,  and  after  the  seed  has  been  ox- 
tracted,  from  Gw^ahor. 

Cotton  unpicked,  from  Kajpootana. 

Cotton,  from  Broach,  Khaudeish,  Belgaum,  and  Dhar- 
war. 

Cotton,  New  Orleans.  This  is  grown  in  the  Belgaum 
CoUectorate.  Tlie  price  mentioned,  viz.,  12  annas  per 
maund,  is  the  entire  cost  growing,  &c.,  and  ginning. 

Cotton  (country).  This  is  grown  in  the  Belgaum 
CoUectorate.    The  price  is  10  annas  per  maund. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  cultivation  of  cotton 
in  the  Dharwar  and  Belgaum  CoUectorates  for  the  year 
1849-50  :— 

Dharwar  CoUectorate, 


Cultivation 
in  1849-50. 

Yielding  about 
Oandiea  of  784  lbs.  ew;h. 

Country  cotton 
New  Orleans     . 

.     .    225,685 
.     .       15,573 

18,135 
1,557 

241,258 


19,692 


Belgaum  CoUectorate, 


Cultivation 
in  1849-50. 

Yieldini^  about 
Candies  of  784  lbs.  each 

Country  cotton 
New  Orleans     . 

.     .     145,216 
.     .        3,058 

10,000 
180 

148,274 


10,180 


Of  this  cotton  one-quarter  is  kept  in  this  country  for 
native  manufactures,  and  tlu^je-quartcrs  cxportod  to  Oreat 
Britain. — Bombay  Report. 

Cotton  wool,  from  Kao  of  Cutch.  This  is  a  small  spe- 
cimen of  the  Cutch  cotton,  which  is  grown  in  small  quan- 
tities for  home  (K>n8umption  only. 

Ladom  and  Oopum,  two  indigenous  cottons,  Bourbon, 
and  Nankeen  cotton,  from  Salem. — Gr.  F.  Fischer,  Esq. 

Cotton  pods  from  American  seed,  from  Madras. 

Mexican  or  New  Orleans  cotton  from  Oovemment 
Farm,  cleaned  by  saw  gin,  from  Coimbatore. — Dr.  Wight. 

Oopum,  or  native  Indian  cotton,  cleaned  by  American 
saw  gin,  from  Coimbatore. — Dr.  Wiglit. 

Raw  cotton  and  cottons  for  spinning  yama,  from 
Assam  and  Moulmein. 

Raw  cotton  {Qvssypium  herhaceum)  fix)m  Palcmbang, 
Sumatra. 

Cotton  grown  as  second  crop  on  rice  land,  cleaned  and 
uncleancd;  upland  vavietv,  grown  both  as  annual  and 
l^erennial,  tleaiictl  and  uncleancd,  from  Java. 

Cotton,  from  Pcmambuco  seed,  grown  at  Sarawak,  in 
Borneo. 


Fishing  lines  of  cotton,  from  Calicut. 
Ropes  made  of  cotton  {Oosa^pium  herheieemm^^  from 
Coimbatore  and  Bellary. 
Cotton  twist,  from  Falembang,  SmnstrB^  Celebes,  Javi. 

(a.)  Fihree, 
[The  production  of  fibres  fit  for  weaTing  into  doth  lod 
for  rope-making  is  hardly  of  less  impoitanoe  than  that  <rf 
cotton ;  and  India  abounds  in  so  great  a  rarietj  of  then, 
as  is  evident  even  from  the  collection  exhibited,  that  there 
is  hardly  a  want  that  might  not  be  supplied  from  thenoe. 
It  is  curious,  though  India  abounds  in  both  the  hemp 
and  the  flax  plant,  that  neither  are  cultivated  thoeoo 
account  of  the  fibre  for  which  they  are  so  modi  Tafaied  in 
Europe.     The  flax  plant  may,  however,  be  seen  ibrmiiig 
an  edging  to  many  fields  of  com,  being  cultivated  on 
account  of  its  seed  (linseed),  which  is  now  both  exported 
and  oil  expressed  from  it,  while  the  stalks  aie  thitma 
away,  though  flax  has  been  prepared  firom  tbem  of  good 
quality  at  Manghyr,  &c.   The  hemp  in  the  plains  of  Ind^  is 
cultivated  solely  on  account  of  its  intoxicating  propeH3es(ieo 
Class  III.  (D.),  p.  873).    But  in  the  Himalayan  mountaini, 
where  the  climate  is  more  suitable,  strong  rope  and 
are  prepared  from  the  fibre,  which  the  difficulties  of 
alone  prevent  at  present  from  bocoming  extensive  azticfei 
of  commerce.     But  for  these  India  possesses  a  vast  number 
of  substitutes,  some  of  which  may  yet  come  to  rival  theiB 
in  the  commerce  of  the  world,  from  the  extent  of  their 
useful  properties.     It  is  curious  that  to  one  of  these  a 
name  is  applied  which  would  seem  to  be  the  original  of 
our  English  word  hemp,  and  which  is  itself  derived  from 
hauf  and  hennip,     Orotolaria  junoea,  whidi  in  habit  some- 
what resembles  Spanish  broom,  is  cultivated  in  nxMt  parts 
of  India  for  its  fibre,  which  is  used  for  the  same  purposm 
as  hemp,  and  is  called  su»  and  sunmee  in  diffeeent  parts 
of  India,  but,  in  the  Madras  peninsula,  janapmm.    It  is  a 
useful  substitute  for  hemp,  but  usiudly  inferior  in  strength 
to  what  is  called  brown  Indian  hemp,  the  produce  of 
nibiscue  cannabinwtj  also  called  sum  in  Western  India, 
but  A  inbaree  at  Bombay.    Several  other  species  of  Hilnscua, 
though  not  extensively  cultivated,  arc  similarly  useful,  as 
well  as  others  of  the  same  natural  fiunily.     JEaekyomtm 
cannahina^  or  the  dancha  of  Bengal,  is  sinulariy  used ;  but 
the  species  and  varieties  of  jute  or  pat  have  become  the  most 
extensive  articles  of  export,  not  on  account  of  the  strength, 
but  from  the  length,  fineness,  and  great  cheapness  of  the 
fibre.     It  is  used  for  mid^ing  the  common  kinds  of  lines 
and  floor-cloths,  but  also,  it  is  believed,  <^  late  years,  for 
mixing  with  other  substances  in  the  manufacture  of  dif- 
ferent fabrics.    Tlie  chemical  means  which  are  now  adopted 
for  improving  the  appearance  of  many  of  these  fiibrics, 
has  made  that  of  jute  apphcable  to  many  purposes  of 
furniture.     Another  group  of  these  fibres  is  yielded  bj 
what  are  sometimes  called  liliaceous  planta,  such  as  tlw 
agave,  or  great  aloe,  as  it  is  sometimes  called,  the  Tucca, 
the  Sanseviera,  the  pine-apple,  and  even  the  plantain— of 
all  of  which  a  variety  of  specimens  have  been  sent  from 
the  southern  parts  of  India  and  the  islands  of  the  Indian 
Ocean.     Some  of  these  have  already  been  applied  to  useful 
purposes,  and  specimens  of  the  twine  and  rope  made  with 
them  liave  been  sent  by  several  individuals ;  but  in  groat 
variety  by  Dr.  Ilunter,  of  Madras,  who  has  also  shown 
that  many  of  them  are  able  to  take  a  variety  of  colours. 
Some  fine  fabrics  have  already  been  made  with  the  fibre 
of  the  pine-apple,  plantain,  and  Sanseviera :  all  of  them 
might  be  employwl  for  making  jwixr.     Tlie  plantain  is 
esptviially  abundant,   being  grown    in   every    village   on 
account  of  its  fruit,  and  its  stems  arc  applied  to  no  use. 


DEPE!n)EKCIE8.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


883 


Some  of  the  pftlms  also  yield  fibres  useful  for  rope  and 
mat  making,  as  the  coir  obtained  from  the  liusk  of  the 
cocoa  nut,  the  Ejoo  or  black  Gummuti  fibre  obtained  from 
Arenga  saccharifera,  also  that  of  the  Palmyra  and  of  the 
Chamanrops  of  Beloochistan. 

But  the  most  remarkable,  and  what  will  probably 
become  the  most  useful,  are  the  fibres  of  two  plants  which 
were  formerly  placed  in  the  genus  Urtica,  or  nettle,  but 
aie  now  referred  to  the  nearly  allied  Boehmcria.  One 
of  these  is  particularly  interesting  as  being  very  closely 
allied  to  if  not  identical  with  the  far-famed  China  grass. 
This  plant  has  been  known  for  many  years,  as  it  waa  one 
of  those  which  was  subjected  to  experiment  by  the  late 
Dr.  Roxburgh,  when  public  attention  was  turned,  in  the 
year  1803,  to  India  for  a  supply  of  materials  for  canvas, 
ootton,  and  cordage.  The  author  of  this  note  observed  in 
the  year  1836,  with  respect  to  tliis  plant  and  Dr.  Box- 
buigh*s  obserrations — "  It  is  interesting  to  find  in  the 
■une  fiunily  with  the  hemp,  the  Urtica  tenacissima,  or 
Caloee  of  Marsden,  Sami  of  the  Malays,  a  native  of 
Sumatra,  also  of  Bungpore,  where  it  is  called  Kttnkhora, 
ftnd  which  Dr.  Roxburgh  foimd  one  of  the  strongest  of  all 
the  Tcgetable  fibres,  which  he  subjected  to  experiment. 
Average  weight,  with  which  lines  made  of  the  different 
aabstances  broke  were,  Asclepias  tenacistima^  Jeiee  of  the 
Rajmahl  mountaineers,  248  ;  Urtica  tenacitsima  Callooee, 
240.  The  strongest  Sunn,  Cro/o/flmi^"tti«va,  160.  Hemp, 
Cammahi*  Mutivay  grown  in  the  year  1800,  in  the  Company's 
Kemp  fium  near  Calcutta,  158,  but  much  strongt^r  when 
tanned.  Europe  hemp,  however,  was  always  found  stronger 
than  Sunn,  though  not  more  so  tlian  the  others.  Dr. 
Roxburgh  speaks  of  the  beauty,  fineness,  and  softness  of 
the  fibre  of  this  plant,  and  says  he  learnt  from  a  friend 
resident  at  Canton  that  the  grass-cloth  of  Cluna  is  made 
of  this  materiaL  It  is  cultivated  in  Sumatra  for  the  fibres 
of  its  bark.  The  Malays  use  it  for  sewing-tliread  and 
twine,  and  for  making  fishiu^-nets.  It  is  as  readily  culti- 
vated as  the  willow  from  cuttings,  grows  luxuriantly  in 
the  northern  as  in  the  southern  parts  of  India,  tlirowa  up 
numerous  shoots  as  soon  as  they  are  cut  down,  which  may 
be  done  about  five  times  a-year.  Dr.  Roxburgh,  however, 
found  some  difficulty  in  cleaning  the  fibres  of  this  plant, 
notwithstanding  liis  anxious  desire  to  succeed  with  this 
fubstitute  for  both  hemp  and  flax.  Urtica  heterophylla 
is  another  Indian  nettle,  which  8uc<*eetls  well  in  ever)-  jMirt, 
and  of  which  the  bark  abounds  in  fine  white,  glossy,  silk- 
like strong  fibres  (Roxburgh).  The  stinging  proiwrties  of 
the  nettle  are  well  knoi»-n,  but  thev  are  all  exctx^detl  bv 
the  last -mentioned  plant,  as  well  as  by  U.  crenulata  and 
giimulatuy — Tllu^ratiotut  of  If i  ma  lay  an  Botany.,  p.  33 1. 

In  the  year  1811  the  Court  of  Din^ctors  of  the  East 
India  Company  imiwrtinl  thnv  bales  of  the  Caloee  \\vm\t 
which  ha<l  been  cultivatiMi  in  the  Botanic  Garden  at  Cal- 
cutta by  Dr.  Buchanan,  who  was  of  opinion  that  tlie 
plant  was  identical  with  the  Urtica  nirra  of  Willdcnow. 
Tlic  Court  ordered  one  bale  to  be  sent  to  Messrs.  OtH)rge 
Sluu^w  and  Sons,  who  re|)orte<l,on  the  1th  February  1812, 
that  having  hrouglit  the  C*aIoee  plant  to  the  state  of  hi*n)}) 
for  the  use  of  cordage,  a  thn»ad  was  spun  of  the  size  of 
those  spun  in  the  king's  roiv-yards,  which  bore  252  lbs., 
whereas  the  weight  required  to  be  bonic  in  his  Majesty's 
yards  by  Russian  hemp  of  the  same  size  is  only  H^A  lbs. 
A  letter  from  Mr.  Lee,  of  the  Sti<*iety  of  Arts,  datt^l  1 1th 
June  1815,  stated  tliat  when  the  article  is  cU^amnl  it  is 
strong,  8of>,  and  frrt*.  rnder  pn>j>er  mana^'^nent ,  the 
fibn»  of  this  jilaiit  would  he  of  more  value  than  the  bt^t 
Russian  hemp  for  most  of  the  pur^xxscs  for  which  hemp  is 


used,  and  it  may  be  made  so  fine  as  for  many  uses  to 
answer  the  purjxNies  of  flax. 

Dr.  Buchanan  mentions  tliat  the  plant  is  cultivated  in 
the  district  of  Dinagepore  and  Bungpore ;  and  in  the  year 
1833,  and  again  in  1836,  Major  (then  Captain)  Jenkins, 
the  zealous  Sui)erintendent  of  Assam,  called  the  attention 
of  the  Agricultiutd  Society  of  India  to  the  valuable  fibre 
of  the  Rheea  of  Assam  or  Urtica  nivea ;  and  now  we  Imvo 
several  of  the  officers  who  are  placed  under  Major  Jenkins 
sending  specimens  of  this  Rheea  from  different  parts  of 
Assam. 

We  have  seen  that  Dr.  Roxburgh  had  been  told  that 
the  grass-cloth  of  Cliina  was  made  of  this  material.  Tlio 
truth  of  this  statement,  however,  was  doubted,  as  other 
plants  have  also  been  stated  to  be  those  employed,  as  the 
plantain,  pine-apple,  Corchorus,  Sida  tiliafoliay  and  even 
the  hemp  itself.  The  discussion  having  been  revived  of 
late  years,  one  of  the  educated  Cliinese  employed  in  the  tea 
culture  in  Assam,  stated  that  the  nettle-like  plant  grow- 
ing in  Assam  was  Ukc  that  which  afforded  the  material 
for  making  grass-cloth  in  Cliina.  The  Agricultural  Society 
of  India,  in  the  year  1817,  addressed  Dr.  Macgowan,  then 
stationed  at  Ningpo,  to  make  inquiries  on  the  subje(>t. 
Dr.  M.  writes  that  grass-cloth  is  manufiictured  from  a 
plant  called  Chu  ma  by  the  Chinese,  and  which  he  sup- 
poses may  be  a  species  of  Cannabis ;  but  Dr.  Falconer 
rightly  observes  that  the  description  given  by  Dr.  M.  i» 
entirely  that  of  the  sjKXjies  of  Boehmcria  (formerly  Urtica)^ 
called  JS.  nivea,  or  tencunMma,  by  botanists,  or  of  a 
newly-aUied  species.  Some  specimens  which  were  sub- 
sequently received  confirmed  Dr.  Falconer's  opinion,  that 
the  Chu  ma  is  the  same  plant  as  the  Boehmcria  nivea  of 
botanists.  It  may  be  stated  tliat  the  spccimcois,  though 
imperfect,  of  the  Cliina  grass-doth  plant  in  the  Exhibi- 
tion closely  resemble,  though  they  do  differ  a  Ut tie  in  the 
appearance  of  the  bark  from  the  pieces  of  the  Assam  plant 
in  the  Indian  collection.  It  is  important  to  state  tliat,  for 
all  practical  puqwses,  Mr.  Sangster  considers  the  jmNiuco 
of  the  two  plants  as  being  identic^al.  The  Indian  pbuit  is 
found  abundantlv  in  Assam  and  Cachar,  in  the  Shan 
count rj',  and  in  Ava,  and  in  the  Tennasserim  provinc«»s,  be- 
sides in  the  other  above-men tioneil  locahties.  Ilencv  thero 
is  an  abundant  supply  of  a  verj-  valuable  material,  which 
may  shortly  bei'onie  an  im|)ortant  article  of  commerce, 
by  the  adoption  of  suitable  measures  for  the  culture  of 
the  plant,  and  for  facilitating  the  separation  of  its  fibn»s. 

Another  sixvies  of  Urtica^  the  U.  hetcrophylla,  ishanlly 
less  ini]K>rtant,  from  the  aj)|H*arance,  softness,  and  stn»ngth 
of  its  fibn»,  but  it  is  probably  not  so  abundant.  Dr. 
Wright  particularly  calls  attention  to  its  fibre,  as  well  aa 
to  that  of  the  IVrciim,  or  Calotroph  gitjantea,  which 
belongs  to  the  same  natural  family  as  the  Jetee  or  Axcte- 
piaJt  tenacijutima  of  Roxburgh.  Tlie  whole  Indian  serit's 
would  affonl  a  fruitful  source  for  experiment  and  in- 
ten»sting  observation,  tending  greatly  to  increas**  our 
supply  of  fibre,  and  to  develop  the  resources  of  the 
coimtrj-  in  which  they  are  so  abmnlantly  produitnl.] 

Hemp,  Flax,  Pine-apple,  Plantain,  Nettle  Fibre,  vjc. 

Hemp,  true  (Cannnhin  aatira),  with  twine  and  canvas, 
from  Kemaon  ami  the  Iliinabijas  generally. 

Flax,  fn>ni  Monghvr. 

Fibre,  hemp,  and  conlage,  Dunchai  (.E*chynomene 
cannahina),  ctuitributed  by  Messrs.  Tliompsoii,  manufac- 
turers, from  Calcutta. 

Plantain  fibrt*  of  the  riiilippine  I^les  {Mn$a  textilis), 
cultivattHl  by  Dr.  Roxburgh,  near  Calcutta. 

Plantain  fibre,  from  Dacca. 


884 


EAST  INDIES. 


[COLCySIEB  A3rP> 


Fibre  of  plantain  stem  (Musa paradisaica)  y  from.  Singa- 
pore. 

Plantain  fibre  {Musa  paradisaica) ;  plantain  fibres, 
dyed  orange,  green,  and  red  :  oakum,  or  tow,  of  plantain 
Btalks ;  ro]^)e  from  fibres  of  plantain  stems ;  strong  thread, 
whip  and  line  plait,  from  plantain  stems ;  tan«d  rope, 
made  from  plantain  fibres,  Dr.  Hunter,  from  Madras. 

Pine-apple  fibre,  prepared  for  weaving,  from  Assam. 

Pine-apple  fibre  and  twine,  from  Singapore. 

Pine-apple  fibre,  from  Celebes  and  Java. 

Flax  from  pine-apple,  from  Calcutta. 

Fibres  of  pine-apple  (Ananas)  ^  from  Travaneoro. 

Fibres  and  oakum  of  pine-apple,  from  Madras. 

Sanseviera  zeylanica,  MorgaJiee,  grown  in  the  division 
of  Cuttack,  and  used  for  bowstrings.  The  hemp  there- 
from is  prepare<l  by  scraping  each  leaf,  when  in  fresh 
water,  with  a  knife,  and  separating  the  fibres  from  tlie 
vegetable  substance.  The  preparation  admits  of  no  other 
process  without  impairing  the  strength  of  the  fibre. 

Bowstring  hemp,  fibres  of  {Sanseviera  zeylanica)y  from 
Cutt-ack  and  Malabar. 

Fibres  and  oakum  of  marool  (Sanseviera  zeylanica)  ; 
fibres  of  marool,  dyed  orange,  red,  maroon,  and  green, 
from  Dr.  Hunter,  of  Madras,  and  from  Coimbatore. 

Bopes  and  fibres  of  marool,  from  Madras  and  Coimba- 
tore. 

Rope,  made  of  fibre  of  aloe  (Agave  ainericana)^  from 
Coimbatore. 

Fibres  and  oakum  of  large  aloe,  dyed  orange,  red,  maroon, 
and  green ;  Whipcord,  fi?>m  large  aloe,  from  Madras. 

Fibres  of  the  aloe;  Agave.  Cordage  made  from  the 
aloe,  from  Madura. 

Fibre  of  the  small  aloe  (Agave  ?  vel  AloeT),  orange,  red 
and  crimson. 

Rope  made  from  the  fibres  of  wild  aloe,  from  Madura. 

Fibres  of  the  small  or  garden  aloe ;  Sanseviera.  Fibres 
made  into  oakum  of  the  small  or  garden  aloe;  from 
Madras. 

Fibres  and  oakum  of  small  species  of  Yucca,  from 
Madras. 

Flax,  so  called,  but  is  the  produce  of  Boehmeria  candi- 
cansy  a  plant  nearly  aUied  to  that  yielding  China  grass, 
first  and  second  quahty,  dressed,  from  Java. 

Nettle  fibre  in  various  stages,  Talli  raw*,  from  Singapore. 

Fibres  of  Neilglierry  nettle  (Urti<:a  heteraphi/Iiu),  sent 
by  Dr.  Wiglit,  from  Neilglierries. 

Caloee  hemp  (Urtica  ienacissima),  grown  by  Dr.  Rox- 
burgh, nearly  fifty  years  ago,  near  Calcutta. 

Rhea  fibre  (Urtica  tenacissima),  from  Rungporc  In  dis- 
trict Moorshedabad,  and  from  Major  Jenkins  and  other 
officers  in  Assam. 

Fibre  of  Urtica  vel  Boehmeria  nivea  1  or  China  grass, 
imported  by  Mr.  W.  Sangster,  of  Cheapside,  from  A^ssam. 

Suny  Jutey  and  other  Tropical  Substitutes  for  Hemp  and 

Flax, 

Fibre  of  Sun^  or  Crotolarin  Jmiceay  from  Calcutta. 

Thin  roi)e  of  fibres  of  Janapum  (Crotolaria  Juncea)y 
from  Coimbatore. 

Sulfed  and  lal  monty  pat  (Corchorus  olilorius)y  from 
Rungporo  in  district  Moorsheclabad. 

Two  otlier  varieties  of  JutCy  or  Corchonts  olitoriuSy  from 
Bengal. 

Thong-ban-sliaw,  Pa-tha-you-shaw,  Shaw-phyoo,  Ngan- 
tsoungrthoro.  Specimens  of  raw  materials  and* rope  made 
therefrom  ;  from  Arracan. 

Shau-niL,  ee-gywot-shaw,  from  Arracan. 

Brown  Indian  hemp,  Ambari  and  Sun  (Hibiscus  canna- 
hinHs)y  Dr.  Gibson,  Bombay. 

Thick  rope  of  Palungeo  (Hibiscus  cannabimis)  from 
Coiinbatort*. 

Fibn^  of  Hibiscus  strict  us  and  SabdariffUy  grown  by  Dr. 
Roxburgh. 

Arcali  lota,  Afanniliort^c  lota,  Moonga  lota  ;  brijrhi  fibre 
lioiiip  for  inaking  rope,  from  Assam. — Major  Hanuay, 
Baboo  Dcmnnatli,  and  Lakcnatli. 

Bark  string  and  ropes  Putwa  (Bauhinia  racemosa)  from 
Bhagulpore. 


Fibre,  Tongoose  (Asclepias  ieHacitmma)^  from  Madns. 

Fibres  of  bark  of  yerciun  {Calainfpis  ffigamUa)^  from 
Madras. 

Fibre  of  a  species  of  Urena?  from  Oaloutta. 

Fibre  of  Parkinsonia  stalks  (Parkimmmim  miiImU), 
from  Madras. 

Pulas  cordage  (Bulea  frondota).  Bhabooneii  a  g^wm 
rope.  Chohoor,  a  forest  tree.  Patoo,  or  Astaooidage. 
Beerbhoom. 

Bark  of  Trap  tree  (Artocarpus)t  from  Sinnpore. 

Thread  for  making  cloth ;  Mazankoreo  uinad ;  Boh 
fibre  and  thread ;  Pat  thread ;  Beha  fibre ;  from  Ajmud. 

Bark  of  the  Sasa  tree ;  of  Boxbui^hisi,  and  of  Aito- 
caxpus,  from  Assam. — Captain  Reynolds  and  Mr.  Subods. 

Coir  rope  from  cocoa-nut  huak  {Coeot  ntteiferd^^  from 
Calicut  in  Malabar. 

Ejow  or  Q-ummuti  fibre.  The  hairy  outer  oorering  of 
Arenga  sacchariferOy  or  Gummuti  Palm  (see  Chiffith's 
Palms  of  British  In^),  as  collected  from  the  tree.  Tim 
fibre  is  much  esteemed  for  making  ropes^  espeeiallTeaUn^ 
for  which  purpose  it  is  peculiarly  adi^iled  from  not  being 
liable  to  injury  if  stowed  away  below  when  wet  with  salt 
water.  Ditto,  separated  from  the  stiff  fibres.  Ditto,  pre- 
pared for  manu&cture  or  exportation.  Ditto,  prcparod 
as  sennit  or  coarse  line  for  making  ropes  or  cables. 

Fibres  of  Palmyra  leaf  (Barastns  flabeUiformit)^  from 
Madras. 

Fibre  of  ChanuBrops  Bitchiana^  from  BeloodiistaD. — 
Dr.  Stocks. 

Gogoo  rope,  from  Cuddapah. 

Wackanoor  fibres,  from  Trayancore. 

Bow  strings  of  fibres,  from  Wynaad  and  Oslieot. 

(Ga.)  Cellular  Sub^tancet, 

Pith-like  stem  of  ^schynomone  aspera^  formerly  Sedf- 
sarum  l^xgenarium  (Shola),  common  in  wet  and  mardiy 
parts  of  India. 

Solali,  from  the  vicinity  of  Calcutta.  The  natives  make 
hats,  caps,  bottle  and  glass  covers,  life-preserrers,  aad 
toys  of  it. 

Inner  bark  of  the  Himalayan  birch  (Beiula  hkofpmUrm)^ 
Himalayas. 


(H.) — Timber  and  Fancy  Wood*  tuedjbr 

and  for  Ornament. 

A  collection  of  117  specimens  of  Indian  and  a  frw 
Ceylon  woods  made  up  into  the  form  of  books  bj  tbe  late 
Dr.  Roxburgli.  The  Tamul  names  are  written  upon 
many  of  the  specimens.  Mr.  Wilson  Saunders  has  added 
greatly  to  the  value  of  tliis  collection,  and  the  two  follow- 
ing, by  having  ascertained  the  specific  gravity  of  all  tbe 
principal  woods,  and  made  notes  on  the  workmg  qnalities 
of  many  of  them. 

A  collect  ion  of  51  of  the  principal  woods,  chiefly  from 
the  Bengal  Presidency  and  Himalayan  Mountains,  in  good- 
sized  specimens,  sent  to  the  East  India  House  by  Dn. 
Roxburgh  and  Wallich.  The  properties  of  the  greater 
number  of  the  principal  Indian  woods  have  been  detailed 
by  Dr.  Roxbiu'gh,  in  his  "  Flora  Indica  **  and  in  his  **  Coro- 
mandel  Plants." 

Tlie  following  are  the  botanical  names  of  the  trees 
yielding  these  w^oods : — 

Quercus  lappacoa,  lanceaefolia,  and  fenestrata. 

Castanea  indica.     Cor>lus  lacera? 

Taxus  nucifera.     Primus  puddum. 

Juglans  regia.     Juglans  pterococea. 

ArtO{?aqnis  Cliaplasha.     Ccdrela  toona. 

Terminalia  eitriua.     Terminalia  chebula. 

Odina  Wodicr.     Cynometra  polyandra. 

Diospyros  racemosa.     Sophora  robusta, 

Omclina  arboroa.     Neriiun  tinctonmi. 

Tetrantlicra  nitida.     PliyUanthus  longifolius. 

Swiotonia  fcbrifuga.     Lagerstnemia  R<^insp. 

Vateria  lancencfolia.     Osyris  peltata. 

Santaluni  album.     Olea  fragrans. 

Scytalia  Longan.     Scytalia  trijuga. 

IMespilus  japonica.     Averrhoa  Carambola. 

Acer  lajvigatuui.     Ehcagnus  spec. 


DCPENDEXCISS.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


885 


Kugenus  spec.    Rhododendron  arboreum. 

Mimosa  odoratissinia.     Cassia  sumatrana. 

Rliixophora  odoratissima.    Andrachne  apetala. 

Dombeya  melanoxylon.     St.  Helena  ebony. 

ISeloetions  from  a  collection  of  457  woods  of  timber 
trees  and  slurubs  from  the  Bengal  Presidency  and  its 
eastern  frontier,  sent  bj  Dr.  WaUich  to  the  India  House. 
A  duplicate  colleirtion  was  given  to  the  Society  of  Arts, 
and  is  enumerated  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Society. 
VoL  XL VIII.,  part  iL,  pp.  439  to  479.     1831. 

A  coUection  of  15  cups,  turned  out  of  Indian  and 
Himalayan  woods,  sent  by  Dr.  Wallich  to  the  India 
House. 

Mahogany  wood  {Hmtnatoxiflon  campechianum),  grown 
in  the  &8t  India  Company's  Botanic  Ghirden,  near  Cal- 
cutta, and  a  tea-caddy  made  out  of  it. 

A  collection  of  cubes  of  Teak  wood,  with  their  specific 
graTitiea,  from  the  Marine  Department  in  the  India  House. 

A  collection  of  262  specimens,  with  their  weights  and 
pindpal  properties,  from  Tinnirelly,  Travancore,  Paul- 
chaut.  North  and  South  Canara,  with  some  from  Penang, 
rarwarded  by  Colonel  Frith  to  Lieutenant-Colonel  Bonner, 
Military  Storekeeper,  East  India  House. 

Specunens  of  the  deodar  wood  {Cedrut  deodara\  of  the 
Himalayas,  and  of  the  cypress  {Cupreous  toruiosa)  of  tlie 
Himalayas.  J.  F.  Roy  to,  M.D.  These  arc  exhibited, 
because  so  many  landed  proprietors  liavc  planted  the  hardy 
deodar  on  their  estates,  and  it  is  likely  to  become  a  valuable 
timber  tree.    Tlie  cypress  is  less  hardy. 

Teak,  marked  S  T.  This  specimen,  from  tlie  forests 
of  Soonda,  in  the  Madras  territories,  is  sent  for  comparison 
with  the  Northern  or  Surat  teak,  which  is  grown  in  a 
drier  country  and  a  more  stubborn  soil.  Vrice  varies 
from  9  rupees  to  22  rupees  per  20  cubic  feet  when  brought 
to  the  coast. 

Teak,  marked  N  T.  This  is  tlie  Surat  teak  just  men- 
tioned :  it  is  said  to  be  much  harder  and  more  durable 
teak  than  tliat  from  either  Malabar,  Canara,  or  Moulmein. 

Kao  wood.  Thb  grows  in  the  hills  near  Kurachce, 
and  more  abimdantly  on  the  Belovat  Hills  to  the  nortli- 
ward.  A  round  box  turned  out  of  it.  Tliis  lias  been 
ascertained,  by  Dr.  Stocks,  to  be  a  species  of  .olea  or  olive, 
of  which  he  has  sent  specimens  to  I)r.  Royle.  It  is  used 
in  Scinde  for  making  combs ;  Dr.  S.  thuiks  it  niiglit  be 
useful  for  wood  engraving. 

Specimens  of  wood  of  tlie  following  trees,  growing  in  the 
districts  of  Bareilly  and  Pilibect,  in  the  Rohilcund  divi- 
non  : — Phyllanthus  Emblica.  Melia  azadimchta.  Ce- 
drcla.  Shorea  robusta,  two  specimens.  Miniona  8en.ssa. 
Calyptranthc!*,  sp.  Dalbcrgia  ftinKOO.  Acacia  Arabica. 
Acacia  catechu.  Nauclea  corclifolia.  MuHhtt)'.  Bassia 
latifolia.  Bonibax  hcptuphyllum.  Naudea  parvifoha. 
Wrightia  raollissinia.  Plum.  Grewia.  Koliunec?  Cliow- 
laee?     Urseina?     Oophum?     Khumnr? 

Grown  in  the  district  of  Mirzaporc  : — Bijectlar  diptc- 
rocarpus  (bijecdar).  Asun  Pentaptera  glabra.  Abnoon 
DioB|^rros  (ebony).  Sukooa  Conocarpus  sjk*c.  Tcnninalia 
bellerica.  Temiinalia  sufcd  niooslcc.  Tcnninalia  hurrah. 
Phvllanthus  emblica. 

S])ecimcns  of  wood  of  the  following  tret»s,  grown  in  the 
late  Dr.  Carey's  Botanic  Gardt-n  at  Scrain])on',  near  Cal- 
cutta:—  Eugenia  polypctala.  Kobinia  inacn>ph\lla.  Dal- 
bcrgia latifolia.  Mimusops  hcxandra.  Cinchona  gra- 
ti*!»iina.  Diospyroj*  napota.  Diospyros  niontaiia..  Dil- 
Icnia  ]>entag^vna.  Dalbcrgia  ougcineiiHis.  Carcya  sphte- 
rica.  Ginelina  arlwrca.  Kr^thrina  ovulifoliii.  ^'ageia 
Putranjiva.    Dalbcrgia  np.  ? 

Tunbcr,  growth  of  the  Tonnasaerini  jirovinccj* : — Sas- 
safras wood,  hi>.  of  Launis.  Mountain  cr\tlirina,  Ster- 
culia  fa>tida.  Mountain  ebony,  h|hv.  of  nuuhinia.  Merjjui 
red  wood.  Mcrgui  black  wood,  Dalbcrgia  latifolia.  Tavoy 
lamx'wood,  one  of  the  A|)oeynii'.  Fagnitm  fragran?*.  Pinu.** 
I^ttcri.  Ttvtona  gnlndi^.  ln^«x\lo(\ir]m.  Can'\a  arbo- 
ri'a.  Four  npccinuiis  of  l)io>|)yn)s.  HtTctcri:*  minor. 
Vit«*x  arlxjn'a.  SjH'%i« -<  of  (Jn-wia,  Ro}iCuoo«l,  Thanaka, 
and  Wild  Samlal-nxxMl.  Jamol,  Lagcrstneinia  Kc^'ime. 
Hoj)cfl  odorata.     PtenxaJi>us  AVaUicliii.     Caloi)liylluin. 


Nine  specimens  of  timber  from  Bhagulpore,  in  the  divi- 
sion of  Patna. 

Grown  in  the  province  of  Chittagong,  and  suppUed  by 
Captain  Marquard :  —  Goorgetiah,  or  Dactylocarpus. 
Butlenali,  or  Conocarpus.  Kalee  bale,  or  Diospyros  me- 
lanoxylon.  Melanoxylum,  black  ebony.  £oom  Koyre, 
Acacia  spec.     Chukrasse,  Chickrassia  tabularis. 

Grown  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Calcutta  : — Specimens 
of  Adenauthera  pavonina  and  Santalum  album.  Wood 
and  plank. 

Grown  in  Assam,  and  sent  by  Major  Hannay : — Top 
sopa.  Laurus  sassafras,  Goondsoora.  Terminal ia,  Bhota. 
Hindoo,  Pabn  Toan.     Oak,  Hingoree. 

Timbers  grown  in  the  forests  of  Assam,  and  received, 
under  their  local  names,  from  Mr.  Martin : — Saul,  Poma, 
Cattul,  Ratta,  Babul,  Nahoo,  Sullock,  Korai,  Agar,  and 
Cham. 

Nadosur,  contributed  by  Captain  Reid. 

Timbers  grown  in  the  province  of  Arrakan  : — Moo-tso- 
ma,  Bhaman,  Parawa,  Tuwwot,  Thenganet,  Kyaudevet 
Teing,  Tswanhyee ;  Pyaing,  two  specimens ;  Theratsoing, 
Pyawa  Tulli,  Therock,  Pyananv  Tliekuddo,  Tuwot. 

The  following  specimens  oi  woods  were  received  from 
Mr.  Blundell,  Commissioner  of  theTennasserim  Provinces, 
in  1835,  under  the  native  names  hero  given.  They  re- 
mained from  that  period  to  1H47,  being  twelve  years, 
exposed  to  the  destructive  influence  of  white  ants,  &c., 
when,  at  the  expiration  of  tliat  time,  they  were  reported 
on  by  the  then  Ofliciating  Superintendent  of  the  Honour- 
able Company's  Botanic  Garden,  in  October  18*17,  as 
follows : — 

TiMBEB  from  the  Pbovixce  of  Amherst. 

Povin-gnyet.  Used  for  house  posts  and  raflers.  It  ia 
a  kind  of  Jarrool,  a  good  serviceable  wood,  and  would  do 
for  piles,  posts,  and  beams. 

Tshiet-Khyeen.  Used  for  house  posts.  A  superior 
kind  of  crooked-grained  SauL 

Eng-gyeng.  Also  u.^ed  for  posts  of  religious  buildings. 
A  useful  wood,  but  subject  to  spUt. 

Gan-gan.  A  very  strong,  tough,  hard,  crooked-grained, 
fibrous,  red  wood,  which  would  do  for  machinery  or  any 
purpose  requiring  the  above  propertii»s. 

Mycng-klia.  A  useful  wood,  Uke  Babool.  Acacia 
arahica. 

Ma-thloa.  L'sed  for  house  jwsts ;  probably  ArtocarpuM 
integrifolins^  or  Jack-woo<l. 

Bhai-bva.     Ditto.     White  JarrooL 

Mect-gnyoo,  firuit-trce.  It  b*  a  red-coloured,  useful, 
strong,  hcavv  wootl,  probably  a  »|KHries  of  Mimosa. 

Naoo.  L  sctl  for  house  jKisits  ;  the  leaves,  flowers,  and 
r(x>t8  arc  said  to  bt»  u»itl  for  medicine.  It  is  a  brown, 
substantial,  soUd  wood,  not  liable  to  the  atta<*ks  of  insects. 

Zcc-byiou.  Tliis  in  a  compact,  close  wood,  like  Lagcr- 
Mtroeniia,  or  white  Jarrool.  It  i.-*  usihI  for  house  i>Of»ts, 
and  is  liable  to  split,  but  is  free  from  the  destructive  influ- 
ence of  instvts. 

Pyeen-ma.  House*  ]K)st!»,  carts,  boats,  paddles,  oars,  Ac, 
arc  made  from  tlii.t,  which  is  a  capital  wood,  a  kind  of 
Saul,  and  would  answer  for  all  the  j)uq)osi*rt  of  eonunon 
Saul. 

Kva-zoo.     Tliis  is  a  verv  hcavv  wood,  like  Saul. 

•  •  •  ' 

Maza-ncng.  This  is  a  close- grained  woo<l,  nearly  allied 
to  Tejik  It  is  used  for  houbc  jwats,  carts,  boats,  paddles, 
oars,  Ac. 

La-])hyan.  A  h<»avy,  solid,  largc-siKHl  timber,  but 
rather  liable  to  injur}-  from  a  peculiar  insect,  not  whito 
ant"*. 

Nvaung-lan.  Saul,  of  a  peculiar  kind,  cmployiMl  for 
lK»anis,  raftei*s,  and  Imat -building.  The  root  is  ummI  aa 
umbrella  st<H'ks. 

Kywon-gaun*j-nony.  A  clos*%  heavy,  c«tn»pact,  tough, 
ycllouiKli-wliite  wihmI,  of  which  lu»u^o  poft.^  and  rafters, 
A*'.,  an»  made. 

Han-b<»ay.  It  is  a  htn>ng  and  umTuI  wooil,  a  kind  of 
Mimosa,  emplo>t*<l  an  liou*4*  po^ts. 

Moma-khu.     Kniploycd  for  gun-stocks ;  it  is  a  retldish, 


886 


EAST  INDIES. 


rC0IX>5IB8  A51> 


Boftish  wood,  close  and  compact,  fit  for  turning  purposes] 
and  exempt  from  attacks  of  insects. 

Tha-byion.     A  useful  timber,  probably  Eugenia. 

Tha-khwot.  This  wood  is  used  for  sandals ;  it  is  a  kind 
of  white  Teak. 

Tha-bwot  gyee.  This  is  a  good  heavy  valuable  timber, 
somewhat  like  iron-wood. 

Theng-gan.  Employed  for  house  posts,  carts,  boat- 
buildings, paddles,  and  oars.  It  is  an  excellont  compact 
wood,  fit  for  gim  carriages. 

Taup-sha.  Employed  for  house  posts,  and  would  answer 
for  common  carpentry,  but  it  is  subject  to  split;  the  bark 
is  supposed  to  be  medicinal. 

Kiep-maup.  Employed  for  cart-wheel  spokes.  Superior 
wood,  firee  m>m  attacks  of  insects;  the  tree  is  said  to 
have  an  edible  fruit. 

Yoga-theet,  The  wood  is  used  for  carved  images,  and 
the  bark  used  as  soap. 

Kiep-yo.  A  heavy,  good  wood,  but  small,  used  for 
house  posts  and  rafters. 

Thiem.  Used  as  house  posts,  rafters,  and  general  pur- 
poses of  carpentry. 

Myaun-ngo.    White  Sissoo,  used  for  rafters. 

Myaup-loaut.     Cedrcla,  a  land  of  superior  Toon. 

Eng.  Wood  used  for  boat-building,  and  produces  oiL 
It  is  a  strong,  heavy,  useful,  grey  wood,  suited  for  beams, 
piles,  and  the  like. 

Nga-soay.  Tliis  is  a  soUd,  very  heavy,  reddish  wood, 
and  answers  for  house  posts  and  rafters. 

Tan-labct.  A  heavy,  white  wood,  employed  for  house 
posts  and  other  common  purposes.  It  is  not  liable  to 
injury  from  insects. 

Koup-ha.  This  is  a  light,  soft  wood,  not  subject  to 
injury  from  insects.  It  is  probably  Nauclea  cadamba,  and 
is  employed  for  carved  images. 

Zeng-bywom.  Employed  for  house  posts.  It  is  a 
useful  wood,  equal  to  J arrool. 

Anan.  Used  for  constructing  temples.  It  is  a  yeUowish- 
wliite,  heavy  wood. 

Yammandy.  Used  for  carving  images  and  making 
drums.     It  is  a  useful  and  valuable  wood. 

Ban-klia.  Used  for  house  posts,  and  other  common 
purposes.     It  is  a  peculiar  kind  of  wood,  colour  grey. 

Seet-seen.  Used  for  tlie  construction  of  religious 
houses.  It  is  a  red,  compact,  very  ponderous,  and  highly 
valuable  wood. 

Teng-khat.  This  is  a  heavy  white  wood,  solid,  and 
fit  for  turning  purposes  ;  used  for  rice-pounders,  &c. 

Tha-nat.     It  is  a  kind  of  grey  Teak. 

Ky way-thoay.  Is  a  strong,  solid  wood ;  probably  will 
prove  to  be  a  kind  of  Acacia.  Used  for  house  posts  and 
rafters. 

Mya-ya.  Hard  and  close-grained  wood,  used  for 
rafters ;  it  is  strong  and  durable,  and  would  answer  for 
beams,  &c.,  being  exempt  from  the  attacks  of  insects. 

Tswot-ba-lwot.  This  is  said  to  be  a  fruit  tree;  the 
wood  resembles  Jarrool. 

Bijion.  This  is  used  for  house  posts,  rafters,  and  the 
like  purposes ;  it  is  a  heavy,  compact,  grey,  close-grained 
wood. 

Tlieet-to.  This  is  said  to  be  a  fruit  tree ;  the  wood  is 
employed  in  boat-building,  making  carts,  &c. ;  it  is  a  dark- 
brownish  grey,  hard,  heavy  wood. 

Oun-thuay.  A  wliite  soft  wood,  not  subject  to  injury 
from  insects ;  it  is  employed  for  common  cari)cntry. 

Kya-nan.  This  is  a  most  hard,  close-grained,  ebenaceous 
wood,  of  dark  red  coloiur,  usM  for  house  posts,  musket- 
stocks,  and  spear-handles. 

Than-kya.  The  fruit  of  this  tree  is  employed  for  ring- 
wonn.     The  wood  is  like  Saul. 

Meng-ba.  Used  for  house  posts  and  rafters.  The  wood 
looks  like  a  kind  of  Saul,  and  woidd  answer  all  the  pur- 
poses of  that  wood. 

llieet-ya.  Employed  for  rice-grii\ders  or  pounders.  It 
is  a  superior,  compact,  close,  tough,  brown  wood,  fit  for 
anytliing  requiring  great  strength  and  durability. 

Ka-theet-nee.    Employed  for  house  posts,  boats,  and 


carts.    It  is  a  heavy,  hard,  grey  wood,  rather  liaUe  to 

injury  from  insects. 

Na-kyeen.  Employed  for  house  posts  and  rafters.  This 
is  the  Sundrio  wood  Calcutta  (HerUiera  miiUMr)^  where  it 
is  so  common  as  to  serve  for  fire-wood,  although  from  its 
superior  quahties  for  buggy-shafts,  hackeiy  or  oart  aaLks 
and  wheels,  and  other  purposes  requiring  great  strength 
and  toughness,  it  is  higtdy  prized. 

Tsoay-dan.  Heavy,  hara,  tough  wood,  not  subject  to 
insects,  and,  being  tough  and  short,  it  is  suited  for  wheeis, 
musket-stocks,  &c. 

Pa-ra-wa.  A  hard,  rod,  compact  wood,  with  hvge  Vbn^ 
and  fit  for  gun-carriages  or  other  similar  purposes.  It  is 
exempt  from  attacks  of  insects.  It  is  used  for  spean  aad 
arrows. 

Tshan-tshay.  A  useful  wood,  but  liable  to  attadu  of 
insects,  and  to  split. 

Pinnai.  This  is  said  to  be  a  fruit  tree;  the  wood  aibrds 
a  yellow  dye,  and  is  a  compact,  handsome,  yellow  wood, 
suitable  for  common  cabinet  purposes.  It  is  probably  an 
Artocarous. 

Pad-dan.  Used  for  making  drums  and  musical  instm- 
ment^.     It  is  a  kind  of  red  Sander's  wood. 

Tshaup-yo.  Used  for  house  posts  and  musket  stoefai 
It  is  a  heavy  white  wood,  exceedingly  strong,  but  liaUe  to 
attacks  of  insects. 

Toung-bien.  Used  in  boat-building  and  for  making 
carts.  It  is  a  strong,  heavy  wood,  well  adapted  br 
handles  of  tools,  kc. ;  it  is  probably  a  kind  of  TeaL 

Kywon.    A  kind  of  Teak  wood. 

Daup-yat.  Employed  for  rafters;  it  is  a  hesutilul 
yellowish-white  compact  wood,  but  has  a  tendency  to 
split.     The  leaves  are  used  as  a  dye. 

Dien-neeimg.  Used  for  rice-pounders;  it  is  a  duse- 
grained,  strong,  compact,  brown,  hard  wood. 

Tseet.  Employed  as  house  posts  and  in  boat-boilding. 
Saul  of  small  calibre. 

Theet-phyion.  This  is  used  for  fan-handles;  it  is  a 
useful  white  wood,  and  would  answer  for  common  csr- 
pentry ;  it  resembles  Mimosa  serista. 

Thab-ban.  Tliis  is  used  for  boat-building  and  making 
carts ;  it  is  a  kind  of  Teak,  but  rather  heavier  than  the 
usual  kind. 

Kyvvou-bo.  This  is  used  for  house  posts,  raften,  azkd 
oars  ;  it  is  probably  a  sort  of  Teak. 

Bep-than.  Used  for  making  handles  for  spears  and 
swords;  it  is  a  superior  wood,  and  looks  like  white 
Jarrool. 

Lammay.  Used  for  house  post** ;  it  is  a  red,  light,  but 
usef\d  timber,  hke  Sandal-wood,  and  is  free  from  attacks 
of  insects. 

Kiep-dcp,  ditto,  a  kind  of  Saul. 

Bliyeng-tseng.  Tliis  is  a  close-grained,  compact,  grey 
wood,  fit  for  general  purposes,  and  seems  to  be  exempt 
from  attacks  of  insects. 

Tshwai-lwai.  Used  for  musket  stocks  and  sword 
sheaths ;  it  is  a  hard,  red,  crooked-grained  wood,  fit  for 
cabinet  work. 

Liep-yo.  Used  for  making  carpenters*  tools;  it  is  a 
very  compact  and  heavy,  but  small-sized  timber. 

Peng-lay-oun.  Used  for  spear  handles ;  it  is  a  most 
valuable  wood,  compact,  homogeneous,  and  very  heavy,  of 
a  deep  brown  colour  and  fine  grain,  having  no  tendency 
to  split,  and  being  exemi)t  from  attacks  of  insects. 

Raung-thmoo.  Used  for  house  posts ;  it  is  a  kind  of 
Teak. 

Thammai.  A  strong,  handsome  wootl,  like  vEgiccras, 
or  box-wood. 

Tliep-yeng.  Said  to  be  a  fruit  tree ;  the  trunk  alTords 
a  conijMU't,  fine-grained  wood. 

Toung-tba-khwa.  This  is  a  capital  wood  for  any  pur- 
pose, gun-carriages  or  gun-stocks. 

Mala-ka.  This  is  used  for  gun-stocks  ami  carpenters* 
to<ils ;  it  is  a  close,  compact,  but  small-sized  wood,  fit  for 
hand-spikes,  whwl- spokes,  and  the  like. 

Toung-tlia-byiou.  Used  for  house  posts;  it  is  a  strong, 
n.Kl,  heavy  wood,  a  kind  of  Mimosa. 


DSPKNDKNCIKS.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


88T 


TeChft-bjay.  This  is  used  for  house  poets  and  boat- 
building ;  it  u  a  strong  wood,  suited  for  aoor-frames  and 
eomiDon  carpentry. 

Thanna-dan.  Said  to  be  a  firuit  tree ;  it  u  a  reddish- 
brown,  heavy  wood,  fit  for  machinery  or  other  purpose 
re^uiiing  great  strength;  it  is  totally  exempt  from  attacks 
of  maects,  but  somewhat  liable  to  s{uit. 

Thaa-that.  Used  for  stocks  of  various  instruments ;  it 
k  a  capital  wood,  and  seems  to  be  a  kind  of  SauL 

Oyo.  Used  for  house  posts,  ploughs,  hand-spikes,  &c. ; 
it  u  a  dose-grained,  compact,  fine  wood. 

Teng-taip.  It  is  a  strong  useful  wood  for  posts  and 
oommon  carpentry. 

Lep^lwat.  Used  for  spear-handles  and  sword-sheaths ; 
it  is  a  fine-grained,  white  wood,  fit  for  turning  purposes 
and  picture-frames;  it  is  probably  the  same  kind  of 
Naadea  which  is  used  for  similar  purposes  in  BengaL 

TKkka-doun.  This  is  said  to  be  a  fruit  tree  ;  tl^  wood 
10  used  for  house  posts,  rafters,  and  boat-building ;  it  is 
like  Teak,  but  mucn  disposed  to  split. 

Lien.  Used  for  house  posts  and  rafters.  It  is  a  most 
▼ahiaUe  compact  wood,  homogeneous  and  yery  heavy,  of 
deep-brown  colour  and  fine  grain,  and  also  exempt  m>m 
att^^  of  insects. 

Moutha-ma.    Bark  used  for  blue  dye,  a  fine-grained, 
compact,  red  wood,  but  liable  to  spUt ;  it  would  answei^ 
for  hand-spikes.     It  resembles  Mvrtus  pimentos, 

Pa-ngan.  Used  for  boats  and  oars ;  it  is  a  compact 
white  wood,  and  is  also  in  use  for  making  musical  indtru- 
meats.     It  seems  to  be  Chnelima  arhorea, 

Toong-than-gyee.  A  hard,  compact  wood  of  dark- 
brown  colour. 

Kha-boung.     A  strong  wood  but  small,  as  strong  as 
The  fi^t  is  said  to  be  used  for  rubbing  on  bufftdoes 
to  keep  off  flies. 

TaYOY  SpEOIMSKS  of  TUCBBB. 

Kywon-bo.    Bastard  teak.     A  soft  wood  like  Nauclea. 

Kywon-ma.    A  variety  of  the  above. 

Thingan-kyaup.  Emjiloyed  in  boat,  ship,  and  house 
building,  for  carts,  &c. ;  it  is  a  close-grained,  heavy, 
strong  wood. 

Kadwot-nee.  Used  for  boat,  ship,  and  house  building. 
It  seems  to  be  a  kind  of  Cedrela  or  Toon, 

Kaung-thmoo-yoep-say.  Ditto  ditto.  A  rough  strong 
wood,  used  for  posts  and  carpentry. 

Toung-bhien.  Ditto  ditto.  Light  porous  wood  like 
Jarroc^  used  besides  for  doors  and  common  or  inferior 
carpentry. 

Miaup-bout.  Ditto  ditto.  Answers  as  Toon  wood  for 
furniture  and  otlier  pur])ose8. 

Tha-bhan.     Ditto  ditto,  and  for  making  canoes. 

Takep-nee.  Ditto  ditto  ditto.  Very  strong,  close- 
grained,  heavy,  light -coloured  wood. 

Ka-nyeng-kvaung-khyay.  Tliis  is  likewise  used  for 
boat,  ship,  ana  house  buUding,  carts,  &c.  It  appears  to 
be  red  Jarrooly  yields  an  oil,  and  is  exempt  from  attacks 
of  insects. 

Ka-nyeng-pyan.  Ditto  ditto.  Heavy  grey  wood  used 
fior  hand-spikes. 

Ka-nyeng-kvaung-khyay.  Ditto  ditto.  Strong  lieavy 
wood  rather  disposed  to  split.  It  would  answer  for  beams 
and  sleepers. 

Aman.  Used  for  boat  building,  house  posts,  and  plank- 
ing.    A  small  tree. 

Mee-kyaung-kyay.  Ditto  ditto.  A  heavy  wood  exempt 
from  attacks  of  insects,  and  might  be  employed  for 
door  frames  and  strong  caqxnitry  purposes. 

Peng-lay-byoen.  Ditto  ditto.  Small  tough  wood, 
might  be  used  for  hand-spikes  and  spear-handl^  if  suffi- 
ciently free  from  knots. 

Kyay-tsay-gyee-khyay.  Ditto  ditto.  A  heavy  compact 
dark  wood  like  wabiut,  and  would  do  for  gun  stocks. 

Kyay-tsav-bavoun.  Ditto  ditto.  Useiul  for  common 
earpentr}',  uke  Terminalia  chebnlo. 

Pautheet-ya.  Ditto  ditto.  A  good  white-coloured 
wood,  rough,  and  fit  for  boat  building. 


Theet-ya-nee.  Used  for  boat  building,  house  posts,  and 
planking.  Close-grained  brown  wood,  subject  to  split, 
but  would  answer  for  hand-spikes. 

Theet-ya-pyiou.  Ditto  ditto.  Heavy  strong  wood, 
probably  a  kmd  of  JarrooL 

Pyeng-khado.  Ditto  ditto.  Small-sized,  close-grained, 
and  heavy  red  wood,  would  answer  for  lumd-spikes,  and 
if  the  trees  are  large,  for  better  purposes. 

Khamoung-nee.  Ditto  ditto.  Heavy  wood,  exempt 
from  the  attacks  of  insects ;  it  would  answer  for  general 
carpentry  purposes. 

Khamoung-pyiou.  Ditto  ditto.  Small-sized,  light,  but 
compact  yellowish  grey  wood. 

£harawav-nee.  Ditto  ditto.  Porous,  but  rather  heavy 
strong  wood,  not  liable  to  injury  from  insects. 

Theet-ta-gyee.  Ditto  ditto.  Would  answer  for  door- 
frames, house  posts,  and  oommon  carpentry.  It  is  some- 
thing like  red  JarrooL 

Kengthep-guyung-ywept.  This  is  employed  for  house 
posts  and  planking.  It  is  a  light  interior  wood,  but 
the  specimen  is  much  eaten  by  insects,  and  hardly  of  any 
use  except  to  show  the  quaUty  of  the  wood. 

Kengthep-Phevot-kyay.  Employed  for  house  posts 
and  plimking.     It  is  a  sound  snuul-sized  timber. 

Pee-daup.     Ditto  ditto.     Seems  to  be  Acacia  terissa, 

Katso.  Ditto  ditto.  Strong  Cedrela-like  wood,  and 
would  do  for  the  purpose  for  which  Toon  is  employed. 

Penglay-oun.  Ditto  ditto.  Strong,  rough  wood,  like 
Acacia  serista. 

Patseng-ngo.  Ditto  ditto.  A  very  superior  high- 
coloured  aromatic  wood,  resembling  Toon  or  mahogany. 

Eng-beng.   Ditto  ditto.   Useful  for  common  carpentry. 

Ngoo-beng.  Employed  for  house  posts  and  planking. 
Like  very  strong  Toon  wood. 

Pyaung-pyion.  Ditto  ditto.  A  yellow  compact  heavy 
wood. 

Kyep-ye.     Ditto  ditto.    A  kind  of  Teak. 

Thabyay-nee.  Used  for  house  posts.  It  is  a  strong, 
close-grained,  brownish-grey  wood. 

Bhan-bhway.     Ditto  ditto.     Like  Sissoo. 

Thmeng-ba.  Used  for  house  posts  and  making  cotton 
cleaners.     It  is  like  red  JarrooL 

Toimg-byeng.     A  kind  of  Saul,  but  of  red  colour. 

Thicm.  A  serviceable  timber,  and  would  do  for  the 
better  sort  of  carpentry. 

Kouk-ko.  Red  Jarrool,  employed  for  the  bottom 
planning  of  boats,  &c. 

Kanna-tso.  A  fruit  tree,  having  very  tough,  close- 
grained  wood. 

Ma-yam.  An  indestructible  strong  dark,  heavy,  red 
wood,  especially  valuable  for  all  purposes  requiring  those 
properties. 

Toimg-kha-ray.  Bed  Jarrool  as  before,  used  in  boat 
building. 

Pinnay.  Strong,  close-grained,  yellow  wood,  like  Jack. 
Artocarpus  intcgrtf alias. 

Liemnan  (Oran^).  lieavy,  close-grained,  light-coloured 
wood,  hke  that  ol  Terminalia  belericay  but  of  small  dia- 
meter. 

Mala-ka.  SmnU-sized  strong  wood,  .uited  for  Imnd- 
spikes. 

Patseng-tswav.  Small-sized  strong  wood,  which  would 
do  for  posts  and  hand-spikes. 

Tseng-byioun.  Said  to  be  a  fruit  tree,  having  compact 
greyish-brown  wood,  fit  for  carpentry  purposes. 

Tag- ny dig.  A  useful  wood  for  furniture.  The  colour 
and  grain  arc  like  Toon. 

Tha-byoo.     A  heavy  close-grained  wood. 

Toung-bhaut.  Employed  for  handles  of  knives  and 
spears.     Rough  knotty  wood. 

Pan-loun.  Used  for  house  posts  and  other  building 
purposes.     It  is  a  red,  close-gramed  wood. 

Myeng-ta-bep.  Ditto  ditto.  Strong  bluish-grey  wood, 
adapted  for  hand- spikes. 

^oalce-byenff.  Ditto  ditto.  Close-grained,  strong, 
heavy  woo(l,  of  small  diameter,  adapttxl  for  hand-spikes. 

Thmeng-tshout.     Ditto  ditto.    Fit  for  door  frames  and 


[Official  Illubtbatsd  Catalooub.] 


8T 


888 


EAST  INDIES. 


r  Colonies  a^d 


boat  beams  j  and  is  a  brown  heavy  coarse  wood  of  small 
diameter. 

Bha-ta-ka.  Useful  for  common  carpentiy,  Hko  red 
JarrooL 

Peng-lay-kaboay.  Employed  as  house  posts  ;  a  heavy, 
but  small  sized,  wood,  fit  for  hand-spikes. 

Tsoay-dan.  Used  for  gun-stocks,  and  might  answer, 
like  Sissoo,  for  gun-carriages. 

Meep-thua-bui.  Asmafl-sized  close-grained  grey  wood, 
employed  as  spear  handles,  spade  shafts,  posts,  &g. 

Theet-ya-haiii.  Used  for  house  posts.  It  is  a  close- 
grained  Teak. 

Bep-than.    Ditto  ditto. 

Bep-w(m.  Ditto  ditto.  But  it  is  an  inferior  timber, 
like  Mangoe  wood. 

Eng-way.  Ditto  ditto.  Light  close-grained  yellowish- 
white  WOQ^. 

Toung-byiou.  Ditto  ditto.  Close-grained  brown  wood, 
subject  to  split,  adapted  for  hand-spikes. 

Mya-kamaun.  Used  for  knife  and  spear  handles.  It 
is  an  ebenaceous  strong  black  wood,  which  might  be 
highly  useful  to  cabinet-makers. 

lYouthay-khyay.  A  compact,  strong,  yeUowish-white 
wood,  but  of  small  size. 

Zoo-lat.    Small  compact,  heavy,  yellowish- white  wood. 

Daup-yan.  Used  for  house  posts  and  other  building 
purposes.  It  is  like  Myrtus  pimenta,  and  would  serve 
for  nand-spikes. 

Yau-ma-lay.  Used  for  house  posts.  This  is  a  strong 
rough  white  wood,  like  white  Jarrool,  but  heavier. 

dumber  forwarded  from  Moulmein  by  J.  R.  Colvin, 
Esq.,  Conmussioner  of  the  Province,  1847,  under  their 
native  names,  six  of  which  have  since  been  identified  by 
Dr.  Falconer  during  his  visit  to  the  Teak  forests  of  the 
Tenasserim  Provinces  in  1848-49 : — 

Lagerstroemia  macrocaipa,  Pyen-ma,  commonly  known 
under  the  name  of  JarrooL 

CSareya  sphosrica,  Bambooce. 

Cyrtophylliun  fragrans,  Anan,  of  the  Nux  Vomica  tribe ; 
one  of  the  hardest,  most  compact,  and  heaviest  woods 
known. 

Pyen-ma  and  Kazaret.     Undetermined. 

Pterocarpus  indica,  Podauck,  one  of  the  Leguminos®, 
called  Bosewood.  It  is  a  very  beautiful  and  hard  com- 
pact timber,  closely  resembling  the  Andaman  wood. 

Indike,  Ebony. 

Anan  as  above. 

Hopea  odorata,  Thengan,  of  the  Dipterocarpese  or  Saul 
tribe  ;   a  very  strong  but  coarse-grained  timber. 

Inga  xylocarpa,  Pyangadean,  belonmng  to  the  Acacia 
tribe,  commonly  called  the  iron  wood  of  the  Arrakan 
provinces,  very  hard,  dense  and  durable. 

Pterocarpus  indica,  Paddock,  as  above.  Bosewood  of 
the  Tenasserim  provinces,  a  very  beautiful,  hard,  compact 
timber  resembling  "Andaman  wood,'*  which  is  occasion- 
ally seen  in  the  Bazaar  of  Calcutta. 

TiHBBB  Aim  Fancy  Woods  from  the  Madbas 

PEE3IDENCT. 

[The  properties  of  many  of  the  timber  trees  of  the 
Madras  Presidency  have  been  described  in  Dr.  Roxburgh's 
works,  as  quoted  above.  Dr.  Wight  and  J.  Kohde,  Esq., 
have  given  much  valuable  information  respecting  many  of 
the  timbers  enumerated  in  the  following  Usts  in  tlie  printed 
Beport  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Madras  Central  Com- 
mittee, but  of  which  only  a  single  copy  has  as  yet  reached 
this  country.] 

NoTK.—Name  in  (3)  Telinga;  (4)  Hindee;  (8)  Tamool. 

From  Madras. 

Noonah  wood. 

Portia  wood.  3.  G^ngaraimi  kurra.  5.  Porsum  manun 
{Hibiscus  populneus) . 

Woodiah  wood.      5.  Oathya  marum  (Odina  Wodier). 

Eroombala  wood.  5.  Iloombilly  marum  {FerioJn 
huxifolia). 

Satin  wood.     3.  Billa  kurra  {Ckloroxylon  Swietenia). 


Atta  wood.    6.  Authau  nuurom. 

Yen  teak.  3.  Takoo  kurra,  HindflB,  SagwaiL  5.  Yen- 
takoo  marum  {Tectona  grandis). 

Ausena  wood,  Pterocarpus. 

Mango  wood.  3.  Mamide  kurra,  Hindw,  Am.  &. 
Mangkuttai  (Mangifera  IndicM), 

Saul  wood.     3.  Yapa.     5.  Auaaenee  {JSkorea  nimdo). 

Peddawk  wood.    8.  Peddawkoo  kurra. 

Pala  wood.  3.  Pala  kurra.  5.  Paulai  manim  (JC^m- 
sops  hexandra). 

Trincomallee  wood  (Berry a  ammoniUa). 

Bosewood.  4.  Sissoo.  6.  Eatty  or  Yuttj  narom 
(Dalberyia  Sessoides). 

Chittagong  wood.  6.  Aglay,  or  Sitticam  marum. 
(  Chickrassia  tabularis) . 

Moulmein  teak,  Takoo  kurra,  Sagwau,  Taka  mamm 
(  TecUma  grandis) . 

Pegu  wood,  Jarkoo,  Sagwau,  Jake  mamm  {TeeUma 
grandis), 

Malabar  teak- wood,  Takoo  kuna,  Sagoan,  Take  manun 
{TectoTui  grandis) . 

Simboorah  teak-wood,Takoo  kuna,  Sagoaii,  Take  mnim 
{Teciona  grandis) . 

Coimbatore  teak-wood,  Takoo  kima,  Sagnan,  Tike  mMr 
rum  {Tectona  grandis). 

•   Thimbeam  teak-wood,  Takoo  kuna,  Sageran,  Take  ma- 
rum {Tectona  grandis). 

2.  Angelly  wood.     5.  Anjelly  manun. 

2.  Model,  or  puteba  Ootoo  wood. 

2.  Thingam  wood. 

2.  Pengandoo  wood. 

2.  Ooroopoo  wood. 

2.  Bavirwdoo  wood,  Kadirardoo  kurra. 

2.  Congoo  wood. 

Autcha  wood.  4.  Abnoos.  5.  Autcha  marom  (Dnt* 
pgros  ebenaster). 

2.  Peemah  wood. 

Minthy  wood. 

From  Madras. 

Poplar-leaved  Hibiscus,  orTulip-tree,Genganuiun  kurra, 
Paris  kajhar  (old  wood),  Poorsum  marum  (JBftunv 
populneus). 

2.  Pagoda  wood. 

Palm^Tah  wood,  Thatee  kurra,  Tar,  Panung  kutta 
{Borassus  flaheWformis) . 

Bed  Saunders  wood,  Chandanum  Chander  soorkh, 
Segapoo  chandanum  (Pterocarpus  santalinus). 

Jackwood,  Palan  samoo,  Pinmass,  Palan  marum  (Buifc 
frondosa). 

Guava  wood,  Jamakurra.  4.  Jam.  5.  (}osya  khutai 
(Psidium  pyriferum). 

Palay  wood.  3.  Paula  kurra,  Palla,  Paulai  maram 
(Mimusops  hexandra). 

Vcpptdey  wood,  Palava  renoo  kurra,  Dooheer  kela  bw, 
Yeppafay  marum  (WrigMia  awtidysenteriea), 

Eledai  wood,  Baigoo  kurra,  Jungbe  beer,  Tdandai 
marum  (Zizyphusjujuba). 

Wood-apple,  Yalaga  kurra,  Koweet,  Yella  mamm 
(Feronia  elephantum) . 

Satin  wood,  Billa  kiura.  4.  Hill  dliawra  (Sseietenia 
chloroxyhn). 

From  Cuddapah. 

Ebony  wood,  Tookce,  Abnas,  Kakatstee  (Diaspynu 
ehenaster) . 

Bed  sounders  wood,  Chendanuni,  Chanda  soorkh, 
Segapoo  chendimimi  (Pterocarpus  santalinus). 

Margosa  wood,  Yepa  kurra,  Neem,  Yepum  mamm 
(Melia  Azadirachta). 

Acacia  Arabica  wood,  Nalla  tooma,  Siah  kekur.  Karoo 
velum  (Acacia  Arabica). 

Busty  Mimosa  wood,  Telia  tooma,  KeekursafMd  ( Til 
vilnmy  Mimosa  ferruginea) . 

Chindaga  wood,  Cliindaca,  Soorjsiah,  Katoo  ralay. 

Ash-coloured  Mimosa  wood,  Yellatorroo,  Wardil 
Yidatil  (Mimosa  cinerea). 

Yeumaddy  wood,  Yeuamaddy,  Eumaddee,  Eumuddee. 


Dbpendengies.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


889 


Saul  wood,  Yepai,  Yepa  auMenee  (Shorea  robusta). 
Bamia  wood,  1  epa,  Mohe'ka  jar,  Yelloopai   (Bassia 
longifoUa), 

Bed  wood,  Somee,  Some'ka  ther,  Semmarum  {SwietetUa 

Podo  wood,  Poda.    4.  Pallas. 
Woodooga.    4.  Aiola  {Alan^um  hexapettdum), 
Owaia  wood,  Bela,  AmUiM,  Kondee  {Cassia  fistula). 
Marundum  wood,   Muddee,    Jungle  kameng,  Maroo- 
dum  (TerminaUa  alata). 

Muddee  wood,  Muddee.    4.  Muddee  (  TerfninaUa  alata) . 

Kond^xda  wood,  Konda  PaU*    4  Khemee  kee  lakrec. 

2.  Yem  polhee.     3.  NuUa  polhce.    4.  Sagharco  kala 


Bel  wood,  Maredoo,  Bel  phal,  Yiloo  marum  {JSgle 
Marmelos). 

2.  Nulla  balooaoo.  Nulla  baloosoo,  Bum  munja  {Can- 
iUmm  parvi/lorum) . 

Ji^uba,  2nd  sort,  Pala  raigoo,  Dordhea  beer,  Yelandri 
(Zizyj^kmsju/uba). 

2.  Janj.    3.  Janee.    4.  Janee. 

2.  Neroodee,  2nd  sort.  3.  Chinna  neroodee.  4.  Neroodee. 

2.  Billoo,  or  satin  wood.  3.  Billoo.  4.  Hill  dawra 
{CUoroxjfUm  Swietema). 

2.  Konda  erookee.  3.  Koonda  erookee.  4.  Jungliy 
goivi. 

2.  Muskaka  jhar.    4.  Muske*ka  thar. 

Indian  damxner  wood,  Qtx)glam,  Ghooglat,  Koon- 
gillium  (Chlarox^Um  dupada), 

Bose-apple  wood.  No.  1.  Pedda  neroodoo,  Burra 
jamoon,  Peroo  naga  (Eugenia  jambolana). 

Bose-i^ple  wood.  No.  1.  Sunna  neroodoo,  Paee  jamoon, 
Siroo  naga  (Eugenia  jambolaua), 

Yalama  wood,  Yelama.    4.  Dhawra. 

Ji\jube  wood.  No.  1.   Pedda  raigoo.     4.   Sooa   beer 


{Jujube^  Zixyphms  jujuha). 
Mooshtee,  Mooshtee,  Bachla,  Mootteo  (Strych 


)• 


no8  nux 


Mjrobalan  cbebulic,  Karaka,  kharurua,  kadookaee 
{Tfrminalia  dkebula). 

Peah,  saul,  or  ycngasoe.     3.  Yagasee.    4.  Peah  saul. 
Mahul  wood.    4.  Mohul. 
Dhourah  wood.     3.  Dhowar. 
Swam  wood.     3.  Swamoo  kurra. 

From  Hill  Tracts  of  Orissa. 

2.  Kendoo  manjaw,  or  Abhes.     Ebon^r. 
Bondum  wood.     8.  Bandanum. 
Kungrah  wood. 

Species  of  ebony,  called  Toomekacliava.  3.  Toomc- 
karhara  kurra.     5.  Kakatatoe  {Dioxj>yro8  ehenasir*). 

Hissoo  wood.  8.  YckeroechaTa  kurra.  4.  Seessoo 
(Dalhergia  Sissoo). 

Dammerwood.     3.  Oooglama  kurra  (Fa/ira). 

Panerapah  wood,  or  red  wood.     3.  Maba  nambo. 

Ooomoodoo  wood.     3.  Goomoodoo  kurra. 

Tadah  wood.     3.  Tadda  kurra.     5.  Kakatatee. 

Somedah  wood,  Soraida  kurra.  4.  Somida  (Stcietenia 
fehrijkga). 

Y^gaseh  wood.  3.  Yegassce  kurra,  Peah  saloo.  5. 
Vengi^  marum  {Pterocarpus  marsupium). 

Bokkum  wood ;  a  die  u^'d  mostlj  in  making  goolal 
{Casalpinia  sappan). 

From  Cuddapah. 

Red  saundcn  wood.  Chendanuni,  Clianda  »oorkh  (Sega- 
poo  chandanum).     {Pterocarims  Santalimut.) 

Tamarind  wood,  Cliiiita  kuna,  Nulee,  Pooleya  marum 
(Tamarimdus  Indica). 

Erythroxylon,  Deva  daree,  Deo  dharec,  Dcva  tliaruin 
{Erythroxylom  areolatum). 

Vadasa,  Vade^fta.     4.  War«a. 

Pedda  jany,  Pidda  janee.     4.  Buree  janee. 

Checkranee,  Chickranw,  Clun-kraneo,  Scckram. 

3.  Sunna  erec-kee,  Chotee  gonei\  Sina  iiaree  vellam 
{Cordia  myxa). 

3.  Ooroo  pereekee,  Sahrcc  gonci,  IVroo  nanee  voUani, 
(Cordia). 


Black  polkee.  Nulla  polkee.     4.  Siah  polkee. 

Wliite  polkee,  Telia  polkee.     4.  Suffaid  polkee. 

Nameluddoojoo,  Nemee  ladoojoo.    4.  Junglee  shaum- 
baloo. 

Glomerous   fig-tree,    Medee,  Gol  leer,  Attee  marum 
(Ficus  glomerata) . 

Poplar-leaved  fig-tree,  Ravee,  Peepal,  Arasa  (Ficus 
religiosa). 

Wild  poplar-leaved  fig-tree,  Konda  ravee.  Jungle 
Peepul,  Kat  arasin. 

Gopee,  Gopee.     4.  Gopee. 

Emblio  myrobalan,  Oosarica,  Amlah,  Toopoo  nellee 
(Phyllanthus  Emhlica). 

Black  emblic  myrobalan,  Nulla  oosarica,  Siah  amlah, 
Neelee  kadamboo  (Phyllanthus  EmbUca). 

Bunka  thada,  Bunka  thada,  Baktra. 

Rudra  kadapa,  Rudra  Cuddapah,  Roodra  kurpah. 

But  cadapa,  Buttoo  Cuddapan,  But  kurpa. 

Keemee,  Keemee.     4.  Khemee. 

Duntha,  Duntha.     4.  BekuL 

Waved-leaved  fig-tree,  Joovee,  Jovee,  Kail  alun  (Ficus 
infectoria). 

Yangueria  spinosa,  Pedda  munga.  4.  Bangaroe  keela- 
kree  (Vangueria  spinosa). 

Sarapappoo,  Chara,  Cheronjee  kaghar  sarai. 

Soomuisoola,  Soonkesooloo,  Sunkesar  kel  akree,  Yadee 
narainin. 

Rusty  soap  nut,  Koopoodoo,  Reeh,  Manee  poongum 
(Sapindus  rubiginosa). 

Woody  Dalbergia,  Kanooga,  Kuny,  Poongum  (Dal- 
bergia  arborea). 

Thandra,  Tandra,  Tandra,  Tanee  (Terminalia  beUerica), 

Elephant,  or  wood-apple,  Yeluga  kurra,  Koweet  vella 
marum  (Feronia  elephanlum). 

Wild  wood-apple,  Konda  vallaga,  Junglee  Koweet 
Kaloo  VeUam  (Feronia  elephanlum). 

Narva,  Narava.     4.  Nawikelahree. 

Pedda  tapasee,  Pidda  tapasee.    4.  Baree  tapasee. 

Beekee,  Bikee.    4.  Bikkee. 

Jergubee,  3  sorts,  Raigoo,  Jungle  beer,  Yelamdai  (Jujube 
Zizyphusjujuba). 

Palavardnee,  or  Relay  wood,  Palava  renoo,  Doro  heci 
kelakree,  Voppallai  (Wrightia  antidysenterica). 

Auray,  Aree.     4.  Aree. 

Goothee,  Goothec.     4.  Gootheeroc. 

Corivee,  Korivee,  Korvee. 

Mimosa  sami,  Jammee,  Jaumbee^Vannee,  Mimosa  suma. 

Pedda  neerooddee,  Pidda  nccroodee,  Burra  neeroodee. 

Clearing-nut  tree,  Chilla  ginga,  CliUl  binjore  Naum- 
bore  naronbal,  Taitan  (Slrychnos  potatorum). 

Kurre  pakoo,  Kurie  pnli,  Kurrt'  vipin  (Bergera  Kanigii). 

Wild  mango,  Konda  marindee.  Jungle  arm,  Katoo 
maitlarum  (Spondias  tnangijera). 

3.  Nara  maniaidce.  4  Junglee  rai  and  Dorrake  waste 
(Tetranthera  monopetala). 

Poplar-leave<l  IIibi:*cus,  or  Tulip- tree,  Gengaramin  kiura, 
Paris  kajhar  (>ouug  wood),  Poorsum  marum  (Hibiscus 
populneus). 

From  Northern  Circars. 

Goompana  wood.    3.  Goompana  kurra  (OcfiiK*  fco<f*^r). 

Ganara  wood.     2.  Ganara  kurra.     3.  Ganaroo  kurra. 

Wood-applo  wood,  Valaga  kurra,  Kroweet,  Vella  ma- 
rum (Feronia  elephantum). 

Nidla  nmddi  wood.  Nulla  muddi  kurra.  6.  Caroo 
mar^xxlum  (Pentaptera  tomentosa). 

Telia  muddi  wooil,  Tilla  nuuldi  kurra,  Vel  mnrooduni 
marum  (Pentaptera  glabra). 

Tangada  wowl,  Tangadu  kurra.  5.  Auvarai  marum 
(Cnssia  avriculata). 

Pava  wood.     3.  Pava  kurra. 

Anncn  wood,  Annon  kurra. 

TogJini  ^txxl,  Togara  kurra  (Morinda  ritrifolia). 

R<hI  dye  wood,  l>»t  sort,  Vizianagrum  Zemindary. 

RchI  dye  wood,  2nd  sort.     Ditto. 

Boonx)jja  wood,  Buruga  kurra  (Bumbax  Malabaricum 
or  heptaphyllum). 

8  i/  2 


890 


EAST  INDIES. 


rCk>L0yiE8  A5D 


Induga  wood,  Induga  kurra.  5.  Thaethan  marum 
(JSlrychnos  potaiorum) . 

Nuckaroo  wood,  Nukkera  kurra  {Cordia  myx<i). 

Tabica  wood,  Tolica  kurra. 

Tellavoolemara  wood.     3.  Telloovoolemara  kurra. 

NuUavoolemara  wood,  Nullaveloomara  kurra  {Diospyrot 
tihloroxylon). 

Vulture  wood.  Vulture  kurra  {Mimosa  cinerea). 

Bodda  wood,  Bodda  kurra  {Ficus  racemose^. 

Voodaga  wood. 

Lolooga  wood,  Lolooga  kurra  {FterotpermMm  heynei), 

Gungarane  wood,  mmgarane  kurra.  5.  Poo  varasa 
marum  {Thespeaia  populnea), 

Aguste  wood  (JEschynomene  ffrandiflara), 

Bandita  wood,  Banmta  kurra  {Erythrina  Indioa). 

Soap-nut,  or  Koonkoodoo  wood,  Koonkoodoo  kurra 
(Sapindus  emaryincUus). 

Camoonya  wood,  Kumooga  marum. 

Doduga  wood. 

Cuml^  wood,  Cumbakurra. 

Gk)omoodoo  wood,  6hx)moodoo  kurra. 

Unkoodoo  wood,  Unkoodoo  kurra. 

Undooroo  wood,  XJndooroo  kurra. 

Iscarawsee  wood,  iBoarawsee  kurra. 

Ghantha  wood,  Ghantha  kurra. 

From  Coimbatore. 

Black  wood.  5.  Irrooppoottoo  marum  {Dalhergia 
lat^olia), 

Vangay  wood.  3.  Vana  kurra  (Pierocarpiu  marsupium) . 

Curry  murdah  wood.  6.  Kara!  maroodoo  marum 
{TemUnalia  glabra). 

Sadachoor,  or  lliadasoo  wood.  6.  Sadaichee  marum 
{Orewia  tiliafoUa), 

Purrambay  wood.  6.  Parumbai  marum  {Prosopis 
spicigera). 

Vadu  coomie  wood.  5.  Vadungoorany  marum  {Big- 
nonia  xylocarpa), 

Toarattie  wood,  Toarathe  marum,  Capparia  divarictUa, 
{Caauarina  equeaUifoUa) . 

.  Neer  cadumbay  wood,  Neer  cadimibai  marum  {Namclea 
parvijlora) . 

Munja  cadumbay  wood.  6.  Manjull  cadumbai  marum 
{Nauclea  cordifolia). 

Woonga  wood.     5.  Woonga  marum  {Acacia  amara). 

Currengally  wood.  5.  Uaroongaly  marum  {Acacia 
Sundra). 

Pinnay  wood.  3.  Ponna  kurra.  6.  Pimiai  marum 
{IHllenia  peniagytta). 

Pilla  murdoo  wood.  5.  PiUa  maroodoo  {TemUnalia 
chebula). 

Ugay  wood,  Ooku  marum  {Salvadora  pertica). 

Curry  vanffay  wood.  5.  Caroo  yangai  marum  {Acacia 
odoraiissimct). 

Vel  vaila  wood,  5.  Vel  Velan  manmi  {Acacia  leucoph- 
laa). 

Kunjoonda  wood.  6.  Nunjoonda  marum  {Balanites 
JEgyptiaca). 

Allum  Tildoo  wood.     5.  Allum  vildoo  {Ficus  Indica). 

Vellay  toarattie  wood,  Vellai  toarattie  (Copparw^raiM^w). 

Mavoolinga  wood,  Mavoolinga  marum  {CrattBva  Box- 
hurghit). 

Erovaloo  wood,  IrrooTaloo  marum  {Inga  xylocarpa), 

Corkapully  wood,  Cadookapooly  marum  {Inga  dulcis). 

Ayah  wood.     5.  Ayah  marum  {Ulmus  integrifolia). 

Kalli  milk  hedge  wood.    5.  KalU  {Euphorbia  tirucaUi). 

Peru  wood.  3.  Pethawkoo  kurra.  5.  Peroo  marum 
{Ailanthus  excelsa). 

Yellah  culley  wood.  5.  Yellai  kullie  {Euphorbia  nerii- 
folia). 

Putchalay  wood.  6.  Putchalai  marum  {Dalbergia 
paniculata). 

Eetcha  wood,  or  Date  wood.  6.  Eetcha  marum  {Phoe- 
nix tfi/hestris). 

Cocoa-nut  wood,  Golbaree  kurra,  Narel,  Thenna  marum 
{Cocos  nucijera). 

Moorkoo  wood.  5.  Moorookoo  marum  {Erythrina 
Indica). 


Paroonjoly  wood.     6.  Paroonjolj  marum    {Rymeno- 
dictyon  uiHe). 

MooUoo  Tang»y  wood,  Moolloo  thui  mvurn  (BriMU 
sptnosa). 

Vellay  naga  wood.    8.  TeOa  nareedoo  kurrai.    S.  Vdla 
naffa  marum  {Conoatrpus  laHfoUa). 

Eichie  wood.     6.  Eichie  marum  (FiemM  Uiela), 

Nawel  wood.    8.  Naredon  kurra.    6.   Nawel  mamm 
{Eugenia  oaryop^UtfoUum), 

Woodoogoo  yrooa.  6.  Woodoogoo  marom  {dryiem 
colUna), 

Acacia.  Areca-nut,  or  Camoogoo  wood.  6.  Gbmoogoo 
marum. 

Anny  curry  wood.  6.  Annaikarai  mamm  {Odima  wodier). 

Kurkutta  wood.  6.  Kurkutta  manun.  {Srypkmt  jfr- 
lundai). 

Vel  vangay  wood.  5.  Vel  Taogay  mamm  (Atadm  tpe- 
ciosa  or  Jlexuosa). 

Vellay  murdah  wood,  Vellai  murdoo  (7\<riiaii?ia  herry!), 

Muniay  pavutay  wood.  6.  Munja  parnttai  {Morimdm 
ciir^oha), 

furniture  woods  |;rown  in  Pinang  or  Prinoe  of  Walet 
Island,  sent  by  Smgapore  Comimttee: — Siam  wood. 
Ebony.  Wild  Durian.  Uncertain.  Angaeoa  wood. 
Qxiava  wood.  Kamuning.  Senna  Baymah  or  Angsena. 
Jliiirlimoh,  two  kinds.  Baloh.  Baloh  Bmaea.  Boot  U 
Betelnut  tree.  Boot  of  Cocoannt  tree.  CSore  wood. 
Boot  of  Eboeh  tree.  Timbusn.  Siam  wood.  TnabusiL 
Baloh.  Baloh  Buneah.  Banggas.  Pinaog  wood.  Kulim. 
Baloh.     Ibool  wood. 

Lingoa  wood,  or  the  Amboyna  wood  of  oommaee^fioB 
Ceram  in  the  Moluccas.  It  was  imported  in  ooofldcnUe 
quantities  into  Ghneat  Britain  during  theperiod  in  wlneh 
me  Moluccas  were  British  possessions.  Tms  wood,  wloch 
is  yery  durable  and  capable  of  a  high  poliah,  ia  abandanl 
at  Ceram,  New  Guinea,  and  throughout  the  Molnoca  SeM. 
It  can  be  obtained  in  any  quantity  if  the  pxeoaatioii  ti 
taken  of  ordering  it  during  the  preriooa  trading  smsob. 
The  Kayu  Buka  of  commerce  is  tne  knarled  eKaeseenoe  of 
this  tree.  Presented  by  Messrs.  Almeida  and  Sons,  of 
Singapore,  the  importers. 

Lingoa  wood,  from  Ceram.  A  drcular  slab,  6  feet 
7  inches  in  difloneter.  These  large  circalar  slabs  an 
obtained  by  taking  adyantage  of  the  spurs  wfaidi  project 
from  the  base  of  tne  trunk,  as  the  tree  itaelf  has  not  solB- 
cient  diameter  to  furnish  such  wide  slabs.  Th^  are  occa- 
sionally met  with  as  large  as  9  feet,  but  the  uiaal  sixe  it 
from  4  to  6  feet.  Presented  by  Messrs.  Almeida  and  Soaa, 
of  Singapore. 

Kayu  Buka,  from  the  Moluccas.  This  wood  ia  obtained 
from  the  knotty  excrescences  which  are  fbund  on  the 
stems  of  the  Lingoa  tree.  It  is  brought  to  Singapore  by 
the  Eastern  traders  from  Ceram,  Arm  and  New  Gumesi 
and  is  sold  by  weight.  It  is  much  esteemed  as  a  fencj 
wood. 

Useful  woods  of  the  Malay  Peninsula: — ^Bintaagor 
wood.  In  general  use  for  planks,  masts,  and  ^Murt ;  in 
fact  it  holds  the  same  position  in  the  Straits  as  the  pine  in 
America.  It  exists  in  the  greatest  abundance  aroond 
Singapore,  and  is  exported  to  the  Mauritius  and  to  Cahr 
fomia: — Eledang.  Biliong.  Changis.  Klat.  Timboso. 
Kayu  Brombong.  AngMmah.  Tampinis.  Tanpaag. 
Kranji.  Sliunar.  SimpohBukit.  KrantaL  Kamuninc. 
SimpohRyah.  Merbow.  Medansi  Miniak.  Ditto,  Bum 
Yeah.  Ditto,  Konit.  Ditto,  Kitanahan.  Ditto,  Tandoh. 
Bilion  Wangi.  Jambu-Ayer-Utan.  Peragah.  Kayu 
Arang.     Leban.     Banggas.     Bras-bras. 

Glam.  The  glam  tree  furnishes  a  paper-like  bark  used 
in  caulking  the  seams  of  yessels. 

Poolai  wood  used  as  floats  for  fishing  nets. 

Sandal  wood.  The  island  of  Timor  is  the  only  plsc» 
which  produces  it  in  the  Arcliipelago  in  any  quantity. 

Sapan  wood,  from  Siam  and  the  Phil^)pine  Islands. 
F\u*nishes  a  red  dye,  and  is,  in  fact>,  the  logwood  of  the 
Archipelago.     Exported  in  large  quantities  to  Europe. 

The  growth  of  Singapore  : — Knoe  timber.  Merbow 
wood.     Seyenty  specimens  of  timber. 


Dbfkkdkkcibs.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


891 


Gsnea,  reeds,  and  gnuMes,  from  Singapore  Committee : — 

Gane  walking  sticks  from  Malacca  and  Sumatra,  as  cut 
frcftn  the  jungle  prerious  to  being  subjected  to  the  process 
of  smoking,  which  gives  them  their  rich  brown  tint. 

Ditto  six  Yarietiee  thereof. 

Canes  and  sticks  of  kinds  from  Cochin. 

Bamboos  from  the  jungles  in  the  yidnitj  of  Calcutta. 

Bamboos  fit>m  the  Tenasserim  prorinces : — Bambusa 
;.,  Bambusa  ^igantea,  Bambusa  stricta,  Bambusa  spec., 
ins  angostifolia,  Calamus  fSuciculatas,  and  fire  other 


Calamus  rotang,  used  in  making  rattan  chairs,  &c, 
flaocharum  sp.,  used  bj  nattres  mstead  of  quills  to  write 

Anmdo  kai^  used  in  preparing  hookah  snakes. 

Qrperus  tegetum,  employed  in  making  mats. 

Khus-khus  or  scented  grass,  from  Ulwar  in  the  states 
of  Bajpootanah. 

Fhrjnium  dichotomum,  Settulputtee,  of  which  the  finest 
maU  ai«  made ;  grown  in  the  district  of  Chittagong. 

(L)  Mueellameimt  SnbHanees. — VegetabU  Kingdom. 

MiAmee  bih,  Bih  boofceah,  poisons  for  poisoning  arrows, 
IrOfn  BengaL 

Twin,  used  as  tooth  brushes  (TrophU  eupera),  from 
Bengal. 

Sapindmf  emarmnaitUt  Soap  nut,  from  Madras. 

80^  nut,  Kunkude  kaya,  trom  Yixagapatam. 

Another  kind  of  soap  nut  (Mtmosa  abHergent),  from 
Odiout  and  Madras. 

Clearing  nut  {Stryehnos  potatorum) ,  from  Madras. 

Amimal  Smbtlameet  uged  as  Food,  or  in  the  preparation  of 

Food. 


hump  of  the  East  Indian  ox,  from  India. 
(J.  Clarkson,  171  Strand.) 

Fish  paste,  two  jars,  from  Arrakan. 

Bhai^'  fins  (punk),  from  Rao  of  Cutch,  Arrakan,  Ten- 
tsaerim,  Malacca,  and  Manilla,  used  in  China  as  an  article 
of  food. 

Shark*s  fins  (Cutch).  These  are  exported  to  Bombay 
for  re-exportation  to  China. 

Shark  s  fins  (Bombay).  What  are  exported  from  Bom- 
bay are  chiefly  imported  from  other  countries. 

Isinglass,  prepared  by  Mr.  Scott,  of  the  Hon.  East  India 
Company's  Jjiipensary,  presented  by  Dr.  M'Cleland. 

Fish  maws,  isinglass  (ohola),  from  Rao  of  Cutch,  Ten- 
aaserim,  Sumatra.  Fish  maws  from  Cutch  are  exported 
to  Bombay  for  re-exportation  to  China. 

Fish  maws  (Bombay) .  What  are  exported  from  Bombay 
are  chiefly  imported  m>m  other  countries. 

Edible  biros*  nests,  Ist  quality,  from  Sambawa,  east 
of  Jara,  and  from  Java.  The  nests  of  the  Hirundo  escu- 
Unia^  collected  chiefly  in  the  limestone  caverns  of  the 
south  coast  of  Java,  and  the  islands  of  the  eastward  as  far 
as  Arm,  near  New  Guinea;  highly  esteemed  for  their 
Bii{^)Osed  nutritious  and  restorative  properties. — From 
Singapore. 

Edible  birds*  nests,  2nd  quality,  from  Borneo;  8rd 
qoality,  from  Borneo  and  from  Tenasserim. 

jVepang,  or  edible  sea  slug  {Beche  de  Mer),  from 
Borneo.  Collected  in  Urge  quantities  throughout  the 
Indian  Archipelago,  especially  among  the  eastern  islands, 
far  the  China  market. — From  Singapore. 

The  other  varieties  are  Lotong,  Buangkulil,  and 
Pamdamg. 

Honey,  from  Beerbhoom  and  the  Cossya  Ilills. 

Amimal  SmbHancet  need  in  Medicine  and  in  the  Arte. 

Musk,  in  pod  and  in  grains  ;  Nepal  pods  in  a  bamboo 
bottle,  from  Assam. 

Musk,  ambergris,  and  civit,  are  usually  supphcd  to 
Bombay,  from  Aden. 

Blistering  beetle  {Mtflabrit  cichoria;  Meloe  trianthema). 

Elytra,  or  beetle  wings.     From  Dr.  C.  Huflhaglc. 

The  beetle.  The  elytra,  or  beetle  wings.  Garlands  made 
fttim  the  elytra.    Muslin,  as  ornamented  with  the  elytra. 


Wool,  Hair,  Bristles,  and  Whdlfihone, 

Camel's  wool,  and  camel's  hair  cloth. 

Sheep's  wool  (Sindh).  A  small  specimen  only  from 
Sindh  was  supplied.  The  piece  of  brown  woollen  cloth 
Lb  stated  to  have  been  made  from  it. 

Wool,  from  Rao  of  Cutch.  About  a  sixteenth  part  of 
the  wool  produced  in  Cutch  is  stated  to  be  used  for  home 
consumption,  and  the  rest  exported  to  Bombay. 

White  and  black  twisted  and  untwisted  wool,  from. 
Rajah  of  Bickaneer. 

Wool  (Assan  and  Chusmas  wool),  from  Bi^ah  of  Jes* 
selmere. 

One  maund  of  sheep's  wool,  Bengal. 

Specimens  of  sheep's  wool  and  goats*  down,  from  Ladak, 
obtained  by  Lieut.  Strachc^,  B.E. 

Wool  (Bal),  Jang-bal  (Nakpo),  black.  Highland  wool. 

Yunibu  (Highland),  lambs'  wooL 

Rong-bal  (Karpo),  white,  valley  wool. 

Jung-bal  (Karpo),  white.  Highland  wooL 

Goats'  down;  Tibetian  (Lena  and  Kulu),  Turkish 
(Tibbit),  Persian  (Eashm),  and  Hindostanee  (Pashm). 

Lena  karpo  (Kalchak),  white  goats'  down,  picked. 

Lena  nakpo  (Kalchak),  dark  goats'  down,  picked. 

Tibbit  Yarkhendi,  goats'  down  from  Yarkend ;  Tibbit 
Khotani,  goats'  down  from  Khote ;  Tibbit  Turfisni,  goats' 
down  from  Turfan. — Provinces  of  Chinese  Turkey. 

Eulu,  yaks'  down. 

Tsos-kul,  down  of  the  "tsos"  antelope,  and  a  piece  of 
the  animal's  skin. 

Wild  boar,  elephant,  and  porcupine  bristles. — Madras. 

SUkfirom  the  SUk-worm,  and  other  species  in  India, 

4480  cocoons,  from  Bhagulpore. 
Areah  cocoons,  from  Assam. 

Raw  tusseh  silk  (Sainmia  nwlitta),  from  Bhagulpore. 
Raw  silk.  If  seers,  and  1  skem  wild  silk,  from  Arrakan. 
Masankooree  (thread)  lata,  and  Areah  lata,  from  Assam. 
Raw  sUk,  Areah  silk,  Moongha  silk,  12  kinds,  from 
Assam. 

Coloured  raw  sUk,  from  vicinity  of  Calcutta. 
Raw  silk,  from  Azimgurh,  Nepal,  and  Mysore. 

Tussvr  (or  Tusseh),  Eri,  Moonga,  and  Pat  Silk, 

Satumia  MyUtta  (Tussur),  feeds  upon  the  Terminalia 
catappa  and  Zizyplius  jujuba.  Eggs  and  caterpillar; 
cocoons ;  silk ;  cocoons  from  which  the  moth  has  escaped ; 
the  moth,  male  and  female ;  and  one  piece  of  Tussur  cloth, 
made  at  Midnapore. 

Bombyx  Satumia  (Moonga),  feeds  upon  the  Zizyphus 
jujuba  and  Terminaha  catappa.  Eggs  and  caterpillar; 
cocoons ;  sUk  ;  moth,  male  and  female ;  and  one  piece  of 
Moonga  cloth,  made  in  Assam. 

Pludiena  Cynthia  (Eri),  feeds  upon  the  Ricinus  com* 
munis.  Eggs  and  caterpillar;  cocoons;  silk;  moth,  male 
and  female  ;  and  one  piece  of  Eri  cloth,  made  in  Assam. 

Bombyx  Mori  (Pat),  feeds  upon  the  mulberry.  Eggs 
and  cateri)illar ;  cocoons;  silk;  motli,  male  and  femiue; 
and  one  piece  of  cloth,  made  in  Assam. 

A  specimen  of  the  Satumia  Atlas,  and  coloured  drawings 
of  the  Terminalia  catappa,  Zizyphus  jujuba,  and  Ricinus 
communis.     Tlie  property  of  Dr.  Charles  Huflftiagle. 

Raw  silk  : — Four  varieties  from  Messrs.  J.  and  R. 
Watson's  manufacture,  Surdah  filature.  The  silk  has 
been  obtained  from  BengaUee  or  Desee  worms,  which  feed 
on  mulberry  leaves  or  toot  plant.  Four  varieties  from 
Mr.  W.  Macnair's  manufacture  in  the  Joradah  filature. 
The  silk  has  been  obtained  from  Nistry  and  Desee  worms, 
feeding  on  mulberry  leaves ;  it  is  tlie  produce  of  the  No- 
vember bund,  and  made  from  small  yellow  cocoons. — 
Assorted  in  a  case  and  contributed  by  D.  Jardine,  Esq.,  of 
Calcutta. 

Raw  silk  : — Two  varieties  from  Rakhaldoss  Mookenee's 
manufa4*ture,  Cossiin  bazar  filature.  The  sUk  has  been 
obtained  from  Nistry  worms,  which  feed  on  mulbenr 
U<«Tcs.  Two  varieties  from  Bahary  Laul,  Mookenee's 
manufacture,  Cossim  bazar  filature.  The  silk  has  been 
obtained  from  Nistiy  worms  feeding  on  mulberry  leavet. 


892 


EAST  INDIES. 


[GOLOVIES  AVD 


Two  varieties  from  Degumber  Mittro's  manufacture,  Cos- 
sim  bazar  filature.  The  silk  has  been  obtained  from  Ben- 
gallee  or  Desee  worms,  whicb  are  bred  and  reared  fi-om 
the  beginning  of  October  to  the  middle  or  close  of  No- 
vember, and  are  fed  on  the  tender  shoots  of  the  mulbeny 
plants.  One  variety  from  C.  B.  Jennings,  Esq.'s  manu- 
fecture,  Giilimpore  filature.  The  silk  is  obtained  from 
Bengallee  or  Desee  worms,  which  feed  on  mulberry  plants 
4)r  Toot  paut ;  the  produce  and  colour  of  the  cocoons  are 
generally  better  from  mulberry  grown  in  strong  clay  soiL 
— Assorted  in  a  case,  and  contributed  by  D.  Jardine,  Esq., 
of  Calcutta. 

Raw  silk: — Manufactured  by  Messrs.  V.  and  S.  M. 
Vardon,  Soogapoor,  of  eight  cocoons  of  the  rainy  bund. — 
From  the  Cidcutta  list. 

Feathers^  Doton^  Fur^  and  Skins, 

White  and  black  ostrich  feathers,  from  Aden. 

Manuj&ctures  of  feathers  by  the  natives,  raw  feathers, 
boas,  tippets,  artificial  flowers,  from  Dr.  C.  Huffnagle. 

Boas,  tippets,  victorines,  &c.,  from  the  down  of  the 
young  Cioonia  aivala,  collected  at  CommercoUy. 

Cranes'  white  feathers,  from  Arrakan  and  Tenasserim. 

Tails  of  the  yak,  or  Bos  grunniens. 

Chouries,  from  Arrakan. 

Black  tiger  skins,  from  Madras,  CaUcut. 

Antelope  skins,  from  Kajah  of  Patteala. 

2  leopard  skins,  3  tiger  skins  ,  1  spotted  deer  skin, 
1  white  or  tawed  deer  skin,  2  fawns,  m>m  Bengal,  from 
G.  C.  Cheap,  Esq. 

100  Bengal  deer  skins,  from  Patna. 

60  buffalo  hides,  100 goat  skins,  50  cowhides,  fromBengaL 

Two  squirrels  and  two  lizards. 

Deer  skin,  otter  skin,  jowmalah  skin,  squirrel  skin, 
kooteah  skin,  from  Assam — Baboo  Deenanath. 

Brown  bear  skin. 

2  pieces  of  fish  skins,  8  specimens  of  kingfishers'  skins, 
from  Arrakan. 

Raw  and  tanned  skins  of  elk,  bufiolo,  bull,  tiger,  cheeta, 
wild  cat,  goat,  sheep,  deer,  elephant,  bison. — Madras. 

Bone^  Uoniy  Hoofs,  J^^ortf,  Sfc. 

Horn  tips.  Deer  and  buffalo  horns,  with  skulls  and 
without.  Wild  Mython  cow's  head,  complete.  Mountain 
sheep's  head.  Takin's  head.  Singphoo  cow's  head, 
Mishmee.  Singphoo  cows'  heads,  without  skulls,  three 
pairs. — Assam,  Captain  Smith  and  Mr.  W.  S.  Hudson. 

Two  buflalo  horns. — Tenasserim  Provinces. 

Buffalo  and  deer  horns,  from  interior.  Rliinoceros 
horns,  from  Zanzibar.  These  are  imported  at  Bombay, 
from  the  eastern  coast  of  Africa,  Zanzibar,  and  the  Somali 
coast ;  tliey  are  then  re-exported  to  Cliina  for  making 
cups  and  ornaments.  The  one  sent  is  the  double  horn  of 
the  Rhinoceros  Africanus. 

Two  nielgai  horns,  and  rhinoceros  horn. — Moulmein, 
Tenasserim  Provinces. 

Horns  of  bison,  buffalo,  elk,  antelope,  deer  (one  pair). — 
Madras. 

Scientific  Names  of  Horns  and  Skins  from  India. 

The  gour  {Bos  \hibos']  cavifrons),  Hodgson;  {Bos 
gourus),  Hamilton  Smith. 

The  amee  (Bos  Ibubalus']  ama)y  Hodgson. 

The  barah  sinha  (Cervus  Ibucervus^  elaphaides), 
Hodgson;  {Cervus  duvauce Hi i),  G.  Cuvier. 

The  samber  (Cervus  [russal  hippelaphus),  Cuvier. 

The  kaker,  or  barking  deer  (Cerviisus  [muntjaccus'] 
vaginalis),  Boddart. 

The  axis  (Axis  maculata). 

Tlie  thar  (CapHcornis  bubalina),  Hodgson. 

The  hog  deer  (Axis  porcinus),  Zimmerman. 

The  rassor,  or  roosli  (Ovis  polii),  Blyth. 

Flying  squirrel  (Saurus  petaurista).  Palls. 

Takin  (Bridorcas  saxicola),  Hodgson. 

Elepliants'  tusks. — Tenasserim  Provinces. 

Elephant's  tusk. — Nepal. 

Elepliants'  tusks,  and  hippopotamus'  teeth,  Somali 
•Coast. — Aden. 


The 


Elephant's  tusks. — Madras. 
Bimdle  of  Mergui  tortoise-sheU. 
Shell  of  the  hawk's-bill   turtle,   Snla   Islands, 
tortoise-shell  of  commerce,  from  Singapore. 
Mother-of-pearl  shell.  Ami  Islancb  and  Snln. 

Pearls^  ^ 

349  seed  pearls. — Kurrachee,  vid  Scind  and  Bombay. 

These  seed  pearls  are  from  the  fishing  at  Kumdiee. 
They  are  small  and  of  little  value,  except  with  those  who 
esteem  them  as  a  medicine,  to  wit,  the  Persians  and  some 
of  the  Hakeems  of  India. 

Pearl-oysters  were  not  procured  at  Kurradiee  before 
the  times  of  Meer  Moorad  Ali  Khan.  They  were  obtained 
in  this  manner  (Bombay  Report)  : — 

The  oysters  come  up  to  the  shore  at  high  water.  When 
the  tide  fell,  there  they  remained,  and  Coolies  woe  cm- 
ployed  for  the  occasion ;  who  gathered  them  un,  put 
them  in  boats,  and  landed  them  all  al  Keeamaiee  rotnt. 
There  the  shells  were  broken,  and  the  pearis  eztvacted, 
under  the  orders  of  the  contractors,  who  paid  the  TufaMra 
Government  a  yearly  sum  for  the  peari  eontract ;  at  lint, 
only  500  rupees  per  annum  were  paid,  but  after  a  time, 
40,000  rupees  were  given  for  the  same  period.  Nov, 
even  Qovemment  sell  yearly  the  right  of  silting  tlie  sheOi 
in  seareh  of  any  pearls  that  mav  still  remain. 

Fresh-water  pearls,  with  their  shells. — ^lioonheckbad. 

27  Mergui  pearls. 

Bundle  of  pearl  ovster-shells. — Tenaaserim. 

Shells  from  Zanzibar,  vid  Bombay. 

Bombay  shells  (so  called  in  India)  :  these  an  imported 
from  Zanzibar  in  large  quantities,  and  are  stated  to  be 
exported  to  England,  or  to  the  MediterFaneaa  tar  cameos. 
The  specimens  sent  are  those  of  Oassis  rufa. 

Cowries,  cyprei,  imported  from  the  Maldire  Islaadi, 
and  current  as  money  in  India. 

Oils,  TaUofD,  Wax,  and  Lard, 

Bengal  tallow. 

Bees^-wax,  13  seers  12  chek. — Bhagnlpore. 

Bees'-wax,  three  varieties,  from  Borneo. 

The  bee  of  the  Indian  Archipelago  does  not  make  iti 
nest  in  hives,  as  in  Europe,  but  suspends  it  from  the 
branch  of  a  tree,  in  which  position  th^  may  be  leen 
forming  masses  of  considerable  bulk.  (Jertain  trees  be- 
come favourites,  and  are  selected  by  them,  year  after  yesr, 
for  many  generations,  although  often  disturbed  bj  the 
taking  of  their  nests.  These  trees  become  private  pro- 
perty among  the  Eastern  tribes,  and  are  K«^*»*Vm^  down 
from  iathcr  to  son. 

Olue,  Isinglass,  and  Oelaiime, 
Isinglass  from  Polynemus  plebeius,  ▼.  supra. 
Polynemus  plebeius ;  the  nsh  yiekhng  Bengal  i 
from  Dr.  Walker. 

Fish,  called  chuppa,  yielding  isinglawt, — 


Glass  case,  containing  illustrations  of  the  process  of  lae 
manufactures.  The  lac  insect,  younz.  Stick-lac,  Med- 
iae, lac  dye,  shell-lac,  sealing-wax,  shdl-lao  oanamenti. — 
Dr.  C.  Huffnagle.  • 

Stick-lac,  and  a  kind  of  lac. — Calcutta. 

Seed-lac,  one  maund. — Bhagulpore. 

Shell-lac,  of  the  kind  called  bala,  and  of  the  kind  cslkd 
chanuk. — Beerbhoora. 

Lac  from  off  the  Peepul-tree  (Ficus  religiosa)  ;  and  of 
the  ban,  or  Indian  fig-tree  (Ficus  indica);  and  off  thr 
bore,  or  Zizgphus  Jujuba. 

Stick-lac,  on  tv^igs  of  Mimosa  abstergens  and  Firas 
religiosa. — Malabar,  vid  Bombay. 

Stick  Iac  :  this  is  imported  at  Bombay,  from  Sindh ; 
also  brought  from  the  Southern  Mahratha  country,  snd 
most  parts  of  Western  India,  for  re-exportation  to  Cbins 
and  England. 

Gum-lac. — Singapore. 

Raw  lac. — Ghmjam. 

Stick -lac  and  seed-lac. — ^Bengal. 

Lac  dye,  1  maund  10  seers. — BengaL 


Depkkdivcies.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


893 


MiscELLAVKors  CoLLBOTiON  of  MnnsRAL,  VsoBTABLB,  and  Animal  Sitbstancss  ubcM  in  Medicine  and  the  Arts, 
made  by  Dr.  Rotlb,  in  the  Bazaars  of  the  Bengal  Presidency ;  with  some  additions  from  Dr.  Falcoihcb  (F.), 
obtained  in  Cashmere,  and  others  from  Dr.  Stocks  (H.),  procured  by  him  in  the  Bazaars  of  Scinde.  The  collection 
is  interesting,  as  containing  most  of  the  useful  products  of  India,  besides  enabling  us  to  identify  many  of  the 
substances  which  were  known  to  the  Arabs  as  well  as  to  the  Greeks,  as  the  author  has  endeavoured  to  show  in  his 
works,  **  Essay  on  the  Antiquity  of  Hindoo  Medicine^"  and  "  Illustrations  of  Himalayan  Botany." 


EOOTS. 


1 

a 
s 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

la 

IS 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

ao 
ai 


as 

34 

as 
ae 
a? 
as 
a9 
so 

31 
S2 
33 
Sft 
85 
36 
87 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
63 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 


Aboo  Kholsa    .... 


Aboo  Kanus 
Atees  butees 


Ateet,  F.      .     . 
Uskheer       .     . 
Azkhar,  St.  Ickeer 
Urkoh?  Arkuree 
Urloo      .     .     . 
Asaroon .     .     . 
Tugur  F.  substitute 
Afeemedoon     . 
Iskeel     .     .     . 
Asgund  .     .     . 
Asgund  .     .     . 
Akorkura    .     . 
Amba  huldee    . 
Umduryan  .     . 
Anaroou. 
Unteleh  Souda  . 
Unteleh  Souda  . 
Ut^bar  roomee . 
Unjbar,  St 
Uiybar   .     .     . 
Aveel  Kusmeeree. 
Aal,F.    .     .     . 
Ayrsean,  St. 
Barahee  Kund  . 
Beeja  Sar,  F.     . 
Bidaree  Kund  . 
Bidhara. 
Burkuk  Shlrazee 
Bekh  Atrilal. 
Burmooloo? 


Bisfalj,F.     .     . 
Biskhupra    .     . 
Bilsekund. 
Bunufsha 
Bozeedan     .     . 
Buehmun  soorhk 
Buehroun  suffed 
Buehmun  suffed,  F 
Buehmun  suffed,  St. 
Buehmun  suffed 
Bish  .... 
Bish  .... 
Bish,  2nd  specimen 
Pukhan  bed 
Pelijeree,  F. 
Pursoona. 
Pokhur  mool     . 
Peearanga. 
Tal  moolie  .     . 
Toorbud       .     . 
Mishmee  Teeta 
Jalapa     . 
Jamghas 
Judwar  .     . 
Judwar. 
Judwar,  St.  . 
Jnntecana    .     . 
Junteeana  2nd  . 
Chir}'a  kund    ' . 
Chob  Cheenee  . 
Chaya. 

('hok       .     .     . 
Ilunzil    .     .     . 
Khirbuk,  substitute  for 
Khus  khus  .... 
Khui^uk,  St 


Rutui^ot    .... 
Rutax\)ot    .... 


•  •  • 


Bish,  2nd  .... 
Tirayamen      .     .     . 

•  •  • 

Bflrchia  gund .     .     . 

"Ree,"or«Maro€o" 
Tat  burunga  .  .  . 
Tuggur      .... 


Nagouree  .... 
Hatrass      .... 


... 
... 
... 


Mirbisee  dukhunee    . 


•  • 


•  • 


Sural  cheep 


•  • 


Dchli 


Kala  koot 


Rusot 


Nirbisce,  2nd 


Punnee 


Mooltan   .... 

... 
Roum. 

Kedarkanta    .     .     . 
Guzerat. 
Caubul. 
Kedarkanta. 
India 

Scinde. 

India,  Dehli     .     .     . 

Hills 

Dehli,  Surat    .     .     . 

India 

India 

Mirzapore. 

Dehli 

Arabia 

Arabia. 

Umritseer  .... 


Cashmere? 


•         • 


•         • 


Caubul. 

•  •  • 

Gunga  ke  kadir 
Surat. 


Caubul  , 

Caubul. 

India 


Cashmere  and  Uills  . 

Surat. 

Caubul. 

Surat. 

Iran. 

Scinde 

Bengal. 

•  •  • 

Umritseer. 
Peshawur. 
liimalayas       .     .     . 


Dehli,  Guzerat,  Um- 
ritseer. 


India 


Dehli  Bazaar  . 
Surat  via  Dehli 
Umritseer. 


Caubul  .... 
Surat  rm  Dehli. 
Cashmere  via  Dehli. 
Foorub 

Umritseer  .     .     . 


India 


SetaDtifleNi 


lee. 


Alkanet  ? 
Lithospermnm  ? 

Aconitum  heteiophyllimi. 


Andropogon,  osmal's  hay. 


Bignonia  indica. 

Viola  sp.,  substitute  finr  Asarum 

Europeum. 
Epithymum. 
Scilla  indica. 
Physalis  flcxuosa. 

Anthemis  pyrethmm. 
Curcuma. 


An  Aconitum  ? 
Aconitum  Ferox. 
Bistort  or  Snake-wood. 


Morinda  citrifoUa. 
Orris-root. 

Acorus  Calamus. 
Iledysarum  tuberotom. 


Polypodii,  sp. 
Trianthema  pentandra. 
Viola  repens. 


White  Bahman. 
Aconitum  ferox. 


Saxifraga  ligulata. 
Thalictrum. 


Curculigo  orcbioides. 
Cdnvolvulus  turpeUium. 
CopHs  Teeta. 
Convolvulus  Jalapa. 
An  Polypodii  sp. 


Zcdoary. 
Gentian. 


Smiiaz  china. 

Orris-root  sp. 
Cucumis  colocynthis. 
Hellebore. 
Andropogen  morioatum. 


894 

EAST  INDIES. 

[CoLOKTO  An 

So. 



Syuaym.. 

Pl«wh«.-Ob...... 

Bei«iUteNaHi,k<. 

74 

SilepUiHlee. 

75 

Salep  miiree. 

76 

Salep  misree,  F.     .     .     . 
S«libmi>»e      .... 

77 

Kboot^t'ool'salib    . 

Caubol 

Orch]diHC. 

78 

Khiuyeet  ool  SiUb,  3nd  . 

Poorub. 

79 

Kholinjui 

AEpiciia  Galanga. 

80 

Dirbuld 

HIiiuUtM     '.      .      . 

Beiberi)  Asiatics. 

ei 

Utet«?'.    '.   '.     .     . 

S2 

I>«'tuD,F 

JuntulgotU  kcjoT      . 

Croton  Tiglfom. 

83 

DoodlHM 

Fui>)>»rl>ia  (Hitea. 

84 

Doodhee 

KuiiLiurbin  (Hstoa. 

S5 

Rawest 

Pnpared  Tumw/la. 

Bfi 

HlmaUya^     '.     .     . 

Kbenm  Cmodi. 

87 

Bheomip. 

SB 

Ni^Mbah^' 

89 

Rewund  ChcDW,  SI. 

90 

U--.(«l,„..  F.   .      .... 

Bbeam  Rlbea  DioMona. 

91 

l\--lmKl,u.Ti,fP.  F. 

CuAmere.       .     .     . 

93 

fhny. 

Cubmere.       .     .     . 

94 

9S 

Zonmbtd 

Knohoor    .... 

96 

ZuruolMd. 

97 

Kuchoor,  F.  Mid  St    .     . 

Dot 

98 

Zuiybeel 

South    

ZinKiber  offlebiale. 

99 

AdT 

HimaUya;.  *.     .     . 

100 

SllH 

Sunt. 

101 

SuUirar 

Nujjibabwl     .     .     . 

103 

SutawuTiufftd.     .     .      . 

SuttM 

KopooJ  k^^r  .     . 

Debra  aud  Khaliee   . 

104 

8«d 

Moth. 

Gnietat     .... 

Cyperuarotundua? 

105 

aMd,2nd 

Debit 

106 
107 

graS„-  :  : 

Nagnrmotba'.     .     . 
J.uma»d.     .     .     . 

QlmaUja^     '.     .     . 

108 

SoombDl?  SuDpat? 

109 
110 

SorinUa  ■hen«n     .      .     . 

6ant 

Colchicumlllyiicnm? 

Caubul. 

iia 

8*the«,F 

U3 

SomT 

Mulethee".   "... 

UqnorieeBoot 

U 

6«mn 

Eeiaa 

Caubul'.   ■.   '.     .     . 

OrriiRoot. 

15 

8etBiirw»,F. 

16 

8«nb,  F. 

)7 

Juroond  .... 

Su™t 

118 

119 

Shakaket  minee      .      .     . 

Eg7pl7 

190 

G^jurmitree    .... 

Pohawiir. 

lai 

Shakakul      

Caahmere. 

123 

Sbak&kul      

Caahmere. 

133 

Slukakul 

Cubmere. 

184 

Shuqiun. 

12S 
126 

Shog^  meDtrl. 
Sbeeturuj      

Cbeeta 

Plumbago  Zeflai^ea. 

127 

SoDghU. 

128 
129 

Akurkui*. 

Korknra    .... 

CalcutU     .... 

ISO 

Anik  ool  Satr  buldee  .     . 

Jaolaboldn   .     .     . 

Poorub. 

131 

ArukoolSufr   .... 

Turmeric  Curcuma  longa. 

132 

Umbshuldee. 

133 

Ilmba  huldee. 

1S4 

Huldee. 

135 

Huidw 

Bengal. 

Carcnma  ipeelei. 

136 

Huld™. 

137 

Puluree  huldee. 

138 

Fufaarce  huldee,  F. 

139 

Poombee  huldee. 

140 

Moelii  huldee     .... 

Poorub. 

141 
143 

Huldee. 

Fawania 

OodBalub.     .     .     . 

Arabia 

P<£0ii]a  corallina. 

143 

PipulaMool      .... 

Fi  101  moor bel    .... 

Filfil  moorbel .     .     . 

Piper  longum. 

144 

Poonib. 

145 

Fooh 

MunJMth'.  '.     .     . 

RubU  Muiueet. 

146 
147 

Munjeet 

Koot 

Coslua  of  ancient       . 

Arabia'.   '.     .      .     . 
Caabmere  .... 

Aucklandia  Ccmim,  MriM  of  Fal- 

I48 

Kool,  St. 

l49 

Koot  ahereen. 

150 

Koottulhh 

Muritrar. 

151 
153 

Kooit? 

KooluD 

Poong^.  ■ 

Surat    

Columba. 

153 

Kalnbichw.      .... 

Lucknow     .... 

Polypodli  ap. 

154 

ir.5 

Kamruj 

Kana  kuchoo     .... 

Poonib 

Felix. 
Trufflea. 

156 

Kibbur   

Caubul.   '.   '.      .      . 

CappaiiaapinoM? 

DBPEKDEKGIE8.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


895 


Now 


157 
158 
159 
160 
161 
162 
163 
164 
165 
166 
167 
168 
169 
170 
171 
173 
173 
174 
175 
176 
177 
178 
179 
180 
181 
182 
183 
184 
185 
186 
187 
188 
189 
190 
191 
192 
193 


Kibbur  (bark  of  root). 

Kutol 

BekhKurff      .     .     . 

Kurroo 

Kissar  Kejur    .     .     . 

Koseroo 

Kukora 

Baxg  Kukora. 

Koonduah    .... 

Koothee. 

Kurkee  pona  k^ar. 

Keer. 

Gi^  peepnl  .... 

Gushoona. 

Giloh 

Gumnaturee. 
Gorkhe  pan. 

Loofa 

Mazrioon     .... 

Bfahmiran    .... 
Mahmiran  Khutai. 
Mahmiran  (different). 

Mos^iaa 

MuTeem 

Moosli  anffed    .     .     . 

Mooslee  (another  kind). 

Moosli  timed    .     .     . 

Moosli  siah. 

Mooeli  aiah  Dukhunee. 

Mooeli  siah,  St. 

Bekhmbok. 

Neergundi  .... 

Ni8o&,  F. 

Nur  Kuchoor. 

Vfvi 

Bardust  abnoof 

Beej< 

Bookum 

Pudmak, 

Tejbul 

Deodar 

Sundul  abius 

Sondul  ahmor  . 

Ood 
Ood 

Ukl  Beer 

Borkuk  Shirasee    .     .     . 

Bharungee 

Bhoj  puttra. 

Bhumbel 

Tejbul 

DaxCheenee  .  .  .  , 
Dar  Sheethan  .  .  .  , 
Koo,  St. 

Sat  peora 

Tuj , 

Sanna. 
Ooehk  chal. 

Kirfae 

Koorchee. 

Koora 

Kunhar  kapoet. 
Kajrree,  St. 
Kheree  chips,  St. 
Lalka. 

Lodh , 

Musag,  bark  of  Akhroot. 
Moeda  lakree  .     .     .     . 


Synonyms. 


Muedi  lukri     .     •     • 


•  •  • 

•  •  • 


Sawbul 


•     •     • 


Buch 


Placet  whence  Obtained. 


Dehli. 

Caubul  .     .  • 

Hills     .     .  . 

Saharunpoor  . 

DehU    .     .  . 

India     .     .  . 


Himalayas 
India     . 


Surat 


Cashmere  . 


Himalayas. 
Gwalior. 


India 


Dehli. 


Khorassan. 


... 


Scientific  Names,  Sec. 


Apium  graveolens. 
Gentiana. 
An  Cissus. 
Cvp^rus  tuberosus. 
Momordica  muricata. 

Apparently,  Costus. 


Pothos  scandens. 
Memisperomm  eondifoUom. 


Atropa  Mandrogam. 
Daphne  mesereon. 

Ranonculus  ficaia? 


Tetranthera. 


Bembax  heptaphyllum. 


Acorns  Calamus. 


W0OD8. 


901 


B^uk 

Puttung(8appan  wood). 


Sundul  suffed  (white 

sandal  wood). 
Rukut  chundoun  (red 

sandal  wood). 
Ood  hindee      •     .     . 
Agur     (aloes     wood, 

eagle  wood). 


India     . 
Dukhun. 

• 

Deyrah. 
Hills     . 

. 
Dukhun 

Poorub. 

Hatras  . 


Ebony. 

Cesalpinia  sappan. 
Pninus  Puddum. 
Xanthoxylon  aromaticum. 
Pinns  deodara. 
Santalum  album. 

Pterocarpus  santalinns. 

Aloescylon  Agallochum. 
Aquilaria  Agailocha. 


Babks. 


204 
205 
206 
207 
208 
209 
210 
211 
212 
213 
214 
215 
216 
217 
218 
219 
220 
221 


224 
825 
226 


Iklbeer 


Cinnamon  . 
Kuephul     . 

Boorans 
Saleekhee  . 


Walnut 
Chandrem  . 


Poorub       .     .     . 

Surat. 

Almora      ... 

Himalayas .  .  . 
Himalayas .  .  . 
Poorub .... 
Himalayas .     .     . 

Foot  of  Himalayas 
Ni^Jibabad      .     . 


Furruckabad. 
Kheree  Pass 


Himalayas.     •     •     • 
Almorah     .     .     •     • 


Datisca  cannabina. 

Betula  Bhojputra. 

Euonrmus  tingens. 
XanthozYlon  aromaticum. 
Laurus  cinnamomum. 
Myrica  sapida. 

Rhododendron  arboreum. 
Laurus  cassia? 


Echites. 


Symploeoa  raeemosa. 
Tetranthera  apetala. 


EIAST  INDIES. 


Ida/xnmtsB 


Ns. 



ejwmjmi. 

PUn  •rlHiu  Otulud. 

3S7 

AbrooD 

DehU 

LabUla. 

828 

Anuk. 

339 

Cubul 

PnmeUM. 

330 

A«pnik,  St 

331 

OoitukW   .     .     .     ,     . 

DeUi  '.   '.'... 

333 

Oaaoch  ....'. 

Cbulch'ule^'.     .     . 

Ulmab^ru.     .     .     . 

Llohen  blandicu. 

233 

Uflimoon 

Canbul 

|CneeDUEnn>p«k. 

234 

Dftiinoon,F 

(Mbrnmi 

335 

236 

UmrW      .     •     .     .     . 

DohU 

Coieiita. 

337 

Ciubiil 

238 

Uftunteen,  F. 

339 

240 

PelhBWur. 

241 

U&unteen,  tme,  St 

343 

AfeenoM 

DehliSuTkt. 

243 

Akubel. 

SonteidDebli. 

245 

Amnreetam. 

246 

tliMookh 

Stmt. 

247 

rmar  Beat 

Addtrtgi    ■.     .     . 

DehU. 

319 

Dukhun  Dirbitee     .     .      '. 

Bntelsh  loada      .     . 

Dmriluei. 

250 

UndhMtee 

Debit. 

UodHilee. 

353 
254 

OoXbei    '.'.'.'.'. 

Chlnhita   .... 
Chunoinile    '.     .     . 

Indi» 

Indi.     .     .     .      .      . 

35a 

Baboneh,  St.     ...      . 

256 

Eema  w>doo  Mm. 

357 

Sunt 

ADHedmniBAIlMgf. 

258 

Bulraiy  boyeh .      ,      .      . 

BillMlotl^   '.     .     . 

Poorub 

<lfjm»n=. 

260 

B.lung<H> 

Biim  Dundee    .... 

iDdie,  Kiutwur   .     . 

361 

Buryiieh 

l^ib.bdd      .     .     . 

Artiiri!!!!. 

Sida  cordlfoUa. 

263 

Buree  booDtee. 

364 

265 

Buimn 

BalmofGileadtTM  . 

Sane 

366 

BUDUtill^ 

Cuboiera  and 

TioU  repeiu. 

S6T 

BoDuAbft. 

268 

s^r.""- 

369 

270 

271 

Bhuen  puUce. 

.     .     . 

DbUI.' 

372 

273 

Bhung     

DehU 

Ouuubii  Htiv*. 

274 

BhunSg. 

275 

Pfttree. 

376 

lS)h 

277 

SpinuU  olcncok 

S78 

rutotPuthur    .... 

Dehll. ' 

373 

Uobtrklui'hiiW^     . 

Uiii>*U:ru.     .     .     . 

Adiuituni. 

281 

MoobirkB,?. 
MoDbarhL 

2aa 

Punm  Oshan,  St. 

2S3 

Purol  luttee,  bnnebef. 

Podea«,  F. 

285 

Tootiyaa  Ilaroonee,  St. 

286 

Jnln«m       ..... 

Dehll 

287 
288 
289 

Jownchee     '.'.'.'.'. 

DehU. 

lodiB 

DehU. 

AIL_1 

f             Altagi 

Joimchec,  2ad .      .      .      . 

Debll. 

391 
392 

Chob 

H«h» 

Gojpeapui    *.     .     . 

NmUb&bed      .     .     . 
Sunit  ra  mhli    .     . 

Appeut  to  be  atem  of  Potboa. 
Given  for  thyme. 

293 

Hlshweh,  81. 

894 

Hulimoo 

SunitoiaDehli. 

395 

Surat 

GlTen  for  •nontini  Of  •odcBU. 

296 

Cuibul. 

397 

Dehll. 

298 

KhutHio,  St. 

299 

Khurfer,  St. 

300 

Khumcn.  St. 

301 

Dickiuiullee,  P.     .     .     . 
Durmlneh,  P. 

Gaideni>ludd>. 

ao3 

303 

Doodhee.and   .... 

DehU 

304 

Dhoolpboollee. 

Defmdbmcieb.  ] 


EAST  INDIES. 


897 


Now 


305 
306 

ao7 

906 
909 
310 
911 
913 
919 
914 
915 

916 
917 
918 
919 
990 
321 


929 
924 
935 


937 
938 
339 
930 
991 


33il 
334 
335 
336 
337 
338 


340 
341 
3412 
343 
3U 
345 
946 
347 

949 
350 
351 
353 
353 
354 
355 
356 
357 
358 
a59 
360 
361 
362 
363 
364 
365 
366 
367 
968 
369 
370 
371 
373 
373 
374 
375 
376 

3n 

378 
379 
380 
381 
383 
383 


Unui  Kusmeeree. 
Ratunjot,  3nd. 


Zumnb 

Zaek. 

Zoofae,F 

Zoofae  yabus  .  .  , 
Salpumee  .  .  .  , 
Sitawal,  St.,  branches. 
Sudab,  3nd  .     .     .     . 


Sadee 

Surpbonka  •     .     •     .     • 

Sureeooee. 

SonpatySt. 

Singha  Koolee  .... 

Shahtureh 

Shookae       

Toorfa 

Oosbeh  miighmbee     .     . 
Garikoon. 

Oarikoon,  F 

Ghafis. 

Farasion  plaiee     •     .     . 

Foodnuj  burree. 

Pooigee,  F.,  items  of  Koot 

Kusb  ool  Zureaieh      .     . 

Kintooryoon     .... 

Kalghuiuc. 

Kal  meel. 

Klthun  Gonar. 

Kaletur 

Koondush 

Kintoree. 

Koonmd,  not  true,  F. 

Rhnttoo 

Gahro,  St. 

Gurgur  moneek. 
Giirgur  muneek,  2nd. 

Gngondhol 

Gof  mlryun^  St. 

Guggoo  Ghiroo. 

Geelur  putta     .... 

Laltak,  St. 

Lntopuree. 

Gao  Zuban,  St.       .     .     . 

Gao  Zuban  Kohee. 

Gao  Zuban,  St.       ... 

Lukmuna  Lukmame   . 

Mukareh 

Mooshk  tureh. 

Mueda  deegar 

Nuk  Cbinknee. 

Nah. 

Nirgund  Baburee  .     •     . 

Khundish.  St. 

Nuk  Cbinknee. 

Neel  Kunthee 

Hatha  jooree 


Amee  ke  pat 
Bansa      .     . 
Burkuk  Shirasee 
Burg  Tibbut 
Pucha  Pat     . 
Pulwul,F.    . 
Poosht  bumee 
Ilinna 
Ra  Senna 
Saduj  Hindee 
Suna       .     . 
Senna. 
Senna,  F.      . 
Satur. 

Burg  Satur  . 
Kamohee,  St.  jo 
Kubrah. 
Ku9oundhee 
Gugerun 


pun 


Synonynu. 


Biflhrnee 


•     •     • 


•  •     • 

•  •     • 

•  •     • 


SoomtyF. 


•  •     • 

•  •     • 


•     •     • 


Pit  papra  .... 
Substitute  giyen  .     . 


•     •     . 


•     •     • 


•     .     . 


Gheritta 


•         •         •         • 


•         •         • 


Nukh  cbinknee     .     . 


•     •     • 


Stem  Qui  Peepul. 


•     •     • 


.     .     • 


Ox-tongue .     •     . 


Ceylon  moss    • 
Leaves  .     .     . 


Hoolas  Cashmeeree   . 
Patchouli   . 


Chit  Rubra 
Mehendee  . 


.     •     . 


•  •     • 

•  •     • 


•     •     • 


Tespat 


•     •     • 


•  •  • 
.  •  . 

•  •  • 
.  •  • 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 


Plftoea  wlienoe  Obtained. 


Himalayas .     .     . 
»     •     • 

k  •  • 

Beyra  Doon    .     . 

Himalayas .     .     . 

India. 

India     .     .     .     . 

India. 

India  .  .  .  . 
Surat  .... 
Jumna  .... 
Arabia .... 

Peshawur  .     .     • 

•     •     • 

Dakhun  .  .  . 
India,  Caubul  •     . 


DehU 


•     •     • 


DehU. 


Doab. 


DehU. 
Patna 


DehU. 


DehU    . 
Lucknow 

.     * 
Bengal. 
India     . 

Cashmere 
Penang. 

India     . 
India     . 

•     • 
Himalayas 


•     •     • 


Peshawur. 
Arabia. 


•  •     • 

•  •     • 


Sdcntiflc  Names,  &e. 


Tazus  baccatus. 

Hyssopus. 
Uyssopus  ofBc!  nails. 
Shorea  robusta. 

Rutaparviflora? 
graveolens?  F. 

Galega. 


Fumaria  pairiflora. 
Crat<£gu8  oxyacantha. 
Tamarix. 
Sarsaparilla,  kind  of. 

Agaricum. 

Ag^moniae  sp. 

Swertia  chiretta. 
Polycarpsa  corymbosa. 


Aristolochia. 
Artemisia  stemutatoria. 


Laminarise  sp. 

Boraglnen. 
A.  trichodesma. 
Euryale  Ferox. 


Ajuga. 

Polypodii  spec.  ? 
Gracillaria  lichenoides. 

Justicia  adhatoda. 

Rhododendron  oampanulatum. 

CucurbitaoeK. 
Uedysarum  alopecuroides. 
Lawsonia  inennis. 
Salvadora  ( jal)  lanceolata. 
Laurus  ca«da. 
Cassia  lanceolata. 


Origanum  Tulgare. 
Phyllanthus  multifloms. 

Cassia  sophora. 
Grewia  hirsuta. 


BABT  INDIES. 


No. 



9,™^ 

Pln.w)i««0lmi«d. 

U^S».>. 

9Bt 

nUeelooljibbul   .     .     . 

DalhtSnnI     .     .    . 

AMeta  AiBhiet 

Sar:  :  :  :  : 

SBB 

BunufioJ 

BolkepbooL 

CMhnwre  .... 

389 

390 

buUruBh. 

BuM&oadMk. 

393 
333 

Jutnu 

Goolanar    .... 

Indi* 

PanJosruktum. 

395 

Zafann 

Srf'ron,     .... 

Crocui  (Ulotii. 

396 
397 

Seotee. 

GodU  GbtSi,  F. 

399 

Sftffiower. 

400 

Gool  Boorukh,  P. 

401 

Oooptnee. 

40S 

Hoondhee 

MMurerraa. 

405 

N^lofer 

Aar^Mea. 

ttbhoot 

TTbhool. 

Ootoni] 

Ural 

Usluk 

CX^M 

Iljmood*.   '.  '.   *.     . 
Ajv^n 

AJQwan  or  Wull  Tui,  S 

Ehreel 

TTkhbuTOOB  .... 

Ami.  Biranj  Pers. 
Aunkes     .     .     .     . 

Ai.  and  St.  i      !  '.  '. 

Aurturih    .      .  .  . 

Ufrunieb     .     .  .  . 

Ukut  mokut      .  .  . 

Ukl««liMlmullk  .  . 

UmmoEbelan     .      •     . 
UmliO 

Amchou 

U^jldan 

Indjan  '.    '.    '.    '.      . 

Cnjidan,  3nd     .     .     . 
Unjidan.  F 

Sir  T.  McNeill's    .     . 
Oudung,  St.       .      .      . 
OoIuugUd,  F. 
UDjeteb. 

AnecaooD,  F,     .     .     . 
AneesooB,  F.     .     ,     . 

AnooU  i      !     !      !     1 
Ooafonooi    .... 


Aloo  Bokhan . 
Alu  Chnmn,  Bt 
Arab  iqwain  . 


Koocbia     .... 

Dana 

Kntkureqja  Kureqwa 

AUamce     '.'... 

KeckuT 

Aoola,   Embtica   my- 

roboUna. 
Aoab,  umchoor    .     - 

St.  HiDgoC«j  jo  pur   . 


St.  UmriUeer .     .     . 

Gaidens     .... 

Indi* 

IndU 

Caabul  and  CMhroare 


From  Dr.  Chriitj 


Uillt   and   KbadlT, 
Cbilkhana. 
Doab  Canal     .      . 
Doab  Canal. 


India,  Poomb .      . 

Caabmere  •  .  ■ 
Buworab. 
Dehli  and  Caubul 
India  .  .  .  . 
Caubul .  .  .  . 
Calcutta  Baiaar  . 

India     .      .     .     . 

Bengal. 

Sural  na  Dahli     . 


Saharnnpore  Si 

ABMria  tn  Tib< 
Herat. 


Taourii  dicdea. 
Vileatrifolta. 
PrluDU  Bokhwienaii. 
Acid  plum. 
Ptjebotii  ajomta. 


Uitiea. 

CBHipiuia  bondiMelU. 

McUloL 


PhjIUntboi  onbUetu 
Unripe  frnlt,  dried. 
Perato  anafiitida. 

Auaftetida? 
Narthei  aMafvetlda. 
An  uttica? 


aplom  prtwllnnw, 


Pimidnelia  inTolooiBta. 


DicnorontciBR.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


OotmngiiD    .     , 

Fntch  man.  . 
Oong*  ,  .  . 
Ahtub  .  .  . 
Ahl«li|}  bijwmra 


Ahtclig  Bebm.  F. 
AhleldBehn? 
AhlrlnJ  turui-    .     . 
Ahlctm  nawnd  .     . 
Aht«lq|  lu Willi, Juwa,  hi 

Oomd  fliulaU,  F. 
Oomd  teiMh. 
Babcbn  aad  P.      .     . 
Bmwurehee,  8t. 
Badun  Chinicv .      .     . 
BadroQJ 


Muoo  BMJDn.  F.  . 


Bdil>  mime  .     . 

Badkmmb  .  .     . 

BalDnsoo      .  .      , 
B*lbHj.St. 

BMbhunnr  .     . 

Bucfafh  dnk  .     . 
BiruDJ  KkboolM 
Bclbarong. 

BuEC  KatoODB  .     . 
Bur.  F. 


BItbueh      .... 

m*tiui  .    •    .    .    . 

BoleeUi  hlndM      .      . 
Buloot 

BuJoot    '.'.'... 
Mmoam  Bukayce,  8t 

Bllador 

Ilub  BalHn,  8l      .      . 


Bioduk  hindM . 


Bnengun  juDf;lc«  . 
Bhunjt  PuhMw.  F. 

Bbeniareo    .     .  . 

PMhil      .     .     .  . 

Loll  Paluk,  F.   .  . 

Pbaphn,  F.       .  . 

Papcct*  .      .      .  . 

Pnnuphul    .      .  , 

Pulaa  Paprch    .  . 

Pvlba      '.'.'.'. 
PMba,7. 

Phulwa  .     ,      .  . 

Peloo      .     .     .  . 


PKpul  .... 
Pui^r  jo  folftll,  8l 
Tal  mookbana  .     . 


Shinuee. 

Kuml  ghi 


Bm  bblning 

Kburcntee 

Itpngol 

Shab  Bulool, 


Kohwah 
Ujiriii  Kb. 


Pnlghi 
Hemp  i«d 


Cbiua   .     . 

Gardens 

BtogaL 

India     '.     '. 
India     .     . 

Nijibabad 


Illlln,  llaMiN 
India,  Soap  Ni 
Sunt,  Dahli. 


llaDri 


Terminnlia 
Terminnlia. 


PwnlcB  coryllfdlia. 

Arar.hlf  bjpoga. 

Egg  plant.    SolanuDi  mcliuigcna, 

StAT  anise,  Illicliun  aoiiahim. 

Bfan.  Faba  vulgariB- 
Bean,  Faba  vulguii. 
Dnlichoi  ep. 

Nelumbiuin  auccloaum. 

Careja  ? 

Dracue^balum  Boyleaauoi. 


Mace,  MjrlflicB  Hoschat*. 

Waler  AI«tan.Cuoiirbl(o  dtiallu*. 

Quercu.. 

Mplia  BukajuD. 
ScniHarpu*  Anacardium. 
BalaanuKlendron. 
BalBatncHlendron  Cil«*dcDis 
'(.'ofl'w,  Cuffia  Arabka. 
Termlnalia  Bcllerica. 
HyoMiamiu  nlgfr. 
lllbiacui. 


Aa  Abalntblum. 


Zlijphua  ? 
Bicnuola  lua 
Spinagc. 


BniM  froiiilixB. 


Baaaia  buliTiuvo. 
Cappaii*  apbylla. 
OnloD.  AllIoBi  cvpa. 
rtp<r  kioipini. 

Barluia  longKnUa. 


EAST  INDIES. 


Blab  TbI  mokhaiuk 
Turbooz,  F. 
Tok  mir;*. 
Turrtk,  St. . 

Tuabineciit] 
Tooninj 

Toonniu.     . 

Tumrhlndee 
Tuotereeh   . 


Tores  gbla 
Toree  tuikh       . 
TodreeauffM    . 

Todree  Kiorich,  F. 
TadriHwrk)l,St. 
Todree  Zord     . 
Torerah,  F. 
Tor,  F.    . 
Toon,?, 


ThyguL 
Teen.     . 


Junun,  F. 


Joui  ool  IDIOO  . 
Join  ool  Kluh 
Joiu  ool  Kue  . 
Joui  ool  Kue,  F. 
Joui  bo>     .     . 


Joui  mull  .  . 
DbMorc  futlbd. 
Jooi  mwll  Dfwiid 

cS?°  .  '. 
ChimaU  luffed,  St 


Haalu,F. 

Hub  ool  Baa. 
Hub  ool  Kbiiw 
Hub  ool  Zolm  . 
Hub  ool  Sumneh    . 
Hub  ool  (ilwr  . 
Hub  ool  Koolut 
Hub  ool  Koolkool 
Hub  ool  muiiullub 
UuboolDeel    . 
Hirf  .... 
Hoonnul  lahorce 
Hoormal       .      . 


Hoolbeh  .  , 
Ulmu  .  .  . 
Gul  Himu,  St. 
Gul  Hlmu,  8L 
Humus  Bblui  . 
Humutahmur  . 

Kuoee  aiab'  '. 
Hintch  .  .  . 
KakBhee,  St. 
Kboobanee,  F. . 
IIuDii1,P.  .  . 
Kboob-baiee    . 


Knrwee  toree 


UUroot 


Dhatoon  .     . 
Kaladbatoora 


Iipnnd,  F.  .  .  . 
Gokroo  DukhuuM 
Gokhroo  .  .  . 
Metbee      .     .     . 

Pulkes.     .     .     . 


Lai  Chuna. 
Gchoon 
AndonJn    . 


TJrandee     . 
Arundce,  F, 


Caubul. 
Sarat.  ' 


India    . 
India     . 


Sunt  Bu  DehU 


Hlmalayai  Cull.  . 

Almora      .     .     . 


Imlde  huk  of  Aran. 


M'blte  lupin,  Lapiniu  albiH. 
Dx.?.  Phu^nix  dRcljlifm 

TamsriaiL,  TunariBdus  imlida. 
Ithiu  panfiSamm. 


fugcnla. 

Panicum  ipicalnm. 
Moritnodiii  tirA^ 
Carrol,  DaucuB  t^anta. 
Walnut,  Juglana  rcKia. 
Cupresani  tt^mporvirem. 
Solanum  ip. 
PaBoqucria  Uumetorum. 

Nutnitg.  ^iyristiu  nouhi 
Wild  iKitmog,  Mjriaticaloi 
Zliyiduu  ip. 
Datnia  metel. 

SubfUtute  fbr  Daton  tmta 


Heliaie 

Piatacia  teretrinthoi. 

Bucliiuiiiniii  latifolia. 
Launu  nobSliB. 
J)oli«hoi. 


Lcpidiiim  aativuin. 
Ppganiim  harmala. 
<.<»Yhoru3  caMuliuia. 
Po-lallutn  muTM. 
TribuluslimurinoetM. 
Trigone llo  fo  „ 
Bumei  nndulatoa. 


Cloer  arietinnm. 


Dried  apricoU. 
("ucumii  Coloevnlhl 
>la1va  roIUDdlfoUa. 
■Cucumii  mclo. 
RirdnfTDPlon, 


Lactuea  aatira. 


IJU-EtSESCIBS.] 


Khmb  Khuih  kbint  . 
KbiKfa  Kbuib  uiwud  . 
Khqajuk,  St. 
KliDUnM  .  .  .  . 
Khilaf  .  ,  .  ,  , 
KhuodroM  .  .  <  . 
UufckM  woikh. 

Gool^-du  ebceoea,  F. 

Anak  Daiub,  F.  .  , 

Danini    .     .     .  .  . 

Duttg  >broai    .  .  . 

DukboD.  .  .  ,  . 
Du<J«b. 

Doixliiei]  ...  I 
Dhunuttur  .  .  .  , 
D>k  v*m»,  e.  .     .     . 

Dak 

Doukoo 

Uqjidu 

Dookoo,  P. 

Doukoo,  F 

Dindaoa  .  .  .  , 
DDDdanab    .      .      .      . 

Zuii 

Kmnin™i,F.      .      .      . 

flam  pDlrfo  .  .  . 
Kunputlrto,  Si.     .     . 

RiKHlnohal .  .  .  . 
itDwueen  .  .  .  , 
Ho« 

Zabtebooljibtml  .  . 
Zuhrmor  .  .  .  , 
Zuhr,  •Dothar  kind. 

s«iS(t.    .... 

Sudab  .  .  '.  . 
Toakhm-i-cadab,  P. 
Tooklim-i-nitUb,  P. 
Surthuf  .     .     .     , 

Sufurjul'     .'     !      '. 
BUiDau. 
Ekiak      .... 
Sumak     .... 

Baoadc,3Dd  .  . 
ScDwloSafacd  .     . 

Sumundur  pbul 
tiumandar  phal       . 
Hurauodur  mUi 

Fan 

Sunec-ke-bf^. 

Suna. 

Slnjud     .... 

KooRirakh     .     .     . 

Soolfa      .... 

srKhara  '.  '.  '. 
Son? 

''      If.-, - 
b«J 

Riwaliynoa  . 
Ivmb,  V.  . 
Snid.  F.  .  . 
Shakhiin       . 

Shakhnn 
Shanph  doahtci 


Aniuliaa 


Given  for 


Chookandi 
Kongnm 
Toong   . 


Plua  wbEusa  Obtained. 


Delhi 
L'mritMer, 


False  mocc. 
Bengal 


Quia 


Saharunpore. 
Khadir. 


Dihll 


Peahawur. 
1  along  witb 


Fapiver  aomnifeniia. 

AtlhfPB  rosea. 
Zm  Mays, 


Punleum  luiUa^um. 


Biitea  frondosa. 

Ziijpbui. 
Ferula,  ,p. 


Composite. 
Burgh  um  vol^ue. 


oC 


L    vrbole    baikel    i 


Umbcllifene. 
ElcocarpuH  G 
.£Kh}aoaiene  Seaban- 


Delphlnlom  8ta[riiii*£rla. 


Bjoapla  dieholonu. 
Celonn  argcFiitra. 


Sbiu. 

Scagjiiiuii  «ieatala. 

Bairinponia  aeuUnpita. 

Hib1)ciu  caoiubiom. 


m![C^ 


Cururldtaerv. 
rjrllnni  bleolfir. 
•  ■«!«.•  Injau. 
[d*  indiea. 


EAST  INDIES, 


Sha}ilureb,  St. 

Bh.lr,  F 

Sbith  hoanir      .... 

Sbubit 

Shubbonak      .... 

Shorbutlee 

Shureef4 

Bhookalcw. 

Shulgum 

Shuogund     

Shounecz     

Zuur  SkluT,  St. 

SuDdul  iQorUi  .... 

Anab  '.'.'.'.'.'. 
Anab  ool  nlib  .... 

AodaulKb,  F 

Tookhm  Ghafis. 

GdoI  Gha£ 

Fiji 

Fonin]  moothk. 

Funmj  mooibk,  2nd  sort. 

Furuni  mcKMlik,  3rd  tart. 

Fuiuk 

Gool  Piita,  F 

FllansaUyomi,  F.  .  .  . 
Fiturasaliyoon  .... 

Fitfltabliu 

Filfil  lumid      .... 

Fooflil 

FofulDiikhunw,  F.  ,  . 
FoHiDukner.orlllnclM.St 
Kakleb  ugbar  .... 
KaklehKubar.     .     .     . 

Kiiuh 

Kusand 

Kheen  Kherah,  F. 
Tukbm  Badruii},  St.    .     . 
Kjidmana. 
Kirdmuia,  3iid 

Kiia  ..'.'.'. 
Kira,  Sod,  F.  .  . 
Koolun  .... 
liootun  Bagheechc 
Kumbela  .  .  . 
Kajoophul. 
KakuDi. 

Kakunj  peabaures, 
KakuiJ,  F. 
Ka  Peru,  St.      .      . 
Kilce  zeene      .      . 
Kana  bij,  St. 
Kabab  ehcenee      . 
Kutan     .... 
Kulae  buinorg 
Kutuelee,  F.     .     . 
KuthlKbDord  .      . 
Kutora. 

Kutbul  .... 
Kochera,  F.  .  . 
Korrw    .     .     .     . 

Kirmulee     .      .      . 

Klrvia  .... 
Karela    .... 

Kuieereh     .      .      . 

KuwoDKdhee,  F.  . 
Kisteh  .... 
Klsbt  bur  Ki>ht     . 

KuihM»,'st.'     .     '. 
Kullmttep,  St. 
Kulhullee.  St.    .      . 

Kumuon  snffcd 
Kunkoth      .      .      . 
KiiakoL  mirch  . 


ChikMe  aoDpiarce 
CboUc  elachee     . 


Koddoo  tatkh. 
KuJdoo  meelba. 
Buuabi .     .     .     . 


Kothuelee  . 


llmabyi 


Pnhawur  from  lias. 

Aprtmony.     .      .      . 
Blmalayu.      .      .      . 


White  pepper ,  . 
Black  Mpper  .  . 
BcDgaC  bMie  nut  . 


Dchli. 

Bubs,  for  Caram  carui 

India 

India 

Caubol.  '.  '.     .     . 

AVhilc  kind. 


Dehli     '. 
Duklmn. 


Bignonla  ludlaa. 

Orjinua? 

CuMard  appl«,  Anoua  •qui 

Btaadarapa. 

Nlgella  indica. 


Compoiita. 

XanUKnyloo. 

Badkh,  RapliamM  mUtv*. 


Praagoa  pabuIariB. 

I^ipvr  ai^;ruln. 

Elettaria  >-«nl»im»n» 

AlplDlaP 

CuciudIb  atilitlnimoa. 


Prnoi  Ceraaiu. 


Gonyplum  Indicum. 
Gflnjpiuin  barbailenM 
Kuttlera  (iactotia. 


Piper  Cubrl«. 
I.inuni  luitadMiBnUB. 
Solanum  jiidicun. 
Sulanuni. 
Sulanum  JaoquiniL 

Artoearpai  iategrifblla. 

CueUBUB? 

A  Ilium  pomun. 
Apium  giaTOoieDs. 


Ilelletere*  icabta. 
Cuicnia 


EAST  INDIES. 


KuDMba?  .  . 
Kunolht  t  luffed 
KwncbK. 
KtUWOM  .  . 
K«l>,  F.  .  . 
Kxwul  piltt.  F. 

Kln*«,  F.  .  . 
KubodU  ncUiL 
Kuhodi*  BMtbea 
Kocth  .  .  . 
KuiuoDlk  .  . 
IUan>,SC. 

KIOTO,  at 


.81. 
Ilubool  trluneta. 

sasst : 

Cunduiuli,  F,    . 

Goondir  fjiul,  SI. 


Llifui  ool  HidbI  . 
Li>«ta  ool  Astfear. 
Lowi       .... 


MalkuDgiuw     . 
auiiUb.  Si.  Sdndc 
Mshmnodah,  SL 
M*b«e  auhonij 


Mirch  nohh      . 
MoouiTiw,  81, 


KJitaiusli    .     . 


Klul  k«  kulloe. 


Bortung. 

BftduTu  i  tli«reeD  . 


Goitia  in  BomtM;,  St. 


Dukhun. 
lodim  . 
India. 

Bengal  . 


Pwinlon 
Nelulion.  _^, 
Popiiyhond. 
MilnusoF*  KIcngl. 

Feiooia  elvpluuitum. 


Mukor  (ulleo. 
Mnkbareh    ,     . 

Mundwa       .     . 

MulhB       .        .       . 


Narangn. 
Nankwah     .      . 
W>p<»tnb(,  SI. 
NfTBiDllee  .      . 


War<l     .... 
Wunga  Tuklirn.  St. 
Wuuri  Slcuh,  St 
llaiim,  F.     .     .     . 


KftlatllaiidR 
GooUb  . 


Celtslma  nutana. 


Sulanum  ladieiua? 
Eurjrala  ftnu. 


UgiialicDin  uJh^ii. 


Strychm*  piitali<ni 
(iuiiotla  ollcfi-n. 
liliHa  AudlHphia 
Itutm  DalDiuHxiua. 
C'ucurl.ilac«e. 


851 

riitarhia  gaila. 

853 

Klilmtub 

853 
851 

Bokun.'8t. 

Tamariik- 

BuTMmnee    .     .     . 

060 

Hfiu  nijief  pW     .     .     . 
KakrailnK^o     .... 

lUIaoe'.  '.'... 

asr" 

BO 



=^=^^=^=, 

[Oinciu.  UumBAiSD  Caiammcx.] 


904 


EAST  INDIES. 


[CounmEsin 


Gums,  Bssiya,  akd  Gtvu  Besihb. 


No. 


863 
864 
865 
866 
867 
868 
869 
870 
871 
872 
873 

874 
875 
876 
877 
878 
879 
880 
881 
882 
883 
884 
885 
886 
887 
888 
889 
890 
891 
892 
893 
894 
895 
896 
897 
898 
899 
900 
901 
902 
903 
904 
905 
906 
907 
908 
909 


Ooshuk  (ammoniacum) 
Unzeroot     .     . 
Bar-zud  birceja 
Puddum  ke  gond 
Puchdhara  gond 
Toonmjbeen 
Toon  ke  gond    . 
Huzeez  Mukke 
Jawasheer    .     . 
Jiugun  ke  gond 
Dum  ool  Akhwain 

Rateeani]g    .     . 
Zooft      .     .     . 
Saleh  ke  gond  . 
Sukmoonya .     . 
Sukmoonya,  2nd 
Sukbeencg    •     . 
Soondroos    .     . 
Soondroos.  2nd 
Sohuigne  ke  gond 
Siriss  ke  gond  . 
Sem  ke  gond     . 
Sembul  Ke  gond 
Elwa       .     .     . 
Ungoor  ke  gond 
Somugh  Arabs 
Ulk-ool-buttum 
Firfiyom       .     . 
Kardi     .     .     . 
Kirasia  .     •     • 
Ruteera .     .     . 
Koondur  olibanum 
Koondnr  olibanum,  2nd 
Knnneegond. 
Komurkiu  . 
Koondroo     . 
KLhuer  ke  gond 
Googlee  .     . 
Ladon     . 
Look       .     . 
Moor  (bol)   . 
Zurdaloo 
Mnstagee     . 
Mookul  .     . 
Mookul,  2nd. 
Naguoree  gond 
Nisnasteh     . 


Synonyms. 


Kandurooskh .  .  . 
Sarcocolla  .... 
Galbanum .... 


Persian  manna     . 

•  •  • 

A  kind  of  benzoin 
Opoponax  .  .  . 
Kiinnee  gond  .  . 
Dragon's  blood     . 

Colophony  .  . 
Resin  .... 
Koondur  .  .  . 
Scammony       .     . 

.     •     • 
Sagapenum     .     . 
Copal    .... 


... 


Places. whence  Obtained. 


Gota  gond  .... 
Moohras     .... 


... 

... 
Cliio  turpentine   .     . 
Euphorblum    .     .     . 

Qierrygum      .     .     . 

Gond 

Loban  

•  •  ■ 

Dhak  ke  gond      .     . 
Saleh  ke  gond       .     . 


Labdanum .     .     . 
Gum  lac     .     .     . 
Myrrh  .... 
Kegond      . 
Mastick 

Googul  Bdellium  . 
Googul,  2nd.    .     . 


•  •  • 

•  •  • 


Caubul  .     . 
Surat  Hills 
Surat  Hills 
S.  E.G.  Hills 
S.  B.  G. 
Caubul. 
India     . 
Surat     . 
Arabia  . 
KheraPass 
Surat.    Arabis 


Surat 
Room. 

Khera 

Surat 

Surat. 

Arabia 

Marwar. 
Africa. 

India 

India 

Deyra  and  Rajpore    . 
India 


Arabia .     .     .     •     • 

Surat 

Arabia 

Kherce       •     •     •     . 

Surat 

Khera  Pass     .     .     . 

Surat 

Poonub. 

India     ..... 
Almora      .... 

Deyra 

HiUs. 

Surat 

Deyra,  &o.       .     .     . 

Surat 

S.  B.  G.  Hills  .     .     . 
Caubul 


... 


Hills. 

Nagora.     . 
Mirzapore. 


Sdeniifle 


Dorema  ammoniaeom. 
Peniea  Sarcooolla. 
Bubon  Gulbcu&nm. 
Prunus  puddum. 
Euphorbia 

CedreU  Toooft. 

Pastinaca  Opopooaz. 
Idea  resinifam. 
DncflBua  Draoo. 
Pteroearpua  Draeow 


Boswellia  senrnta. 
ConvolYulua 

Ferula  penieA. 


H^X^erantheim  Moitega. 
Mimosa  Seriaaa. 
Bauhinia  gommiHefm. 
Bombax  hept^»hjUk 
Aloa  perfoUtttiL 
Vitis  viniinm. 
Acacia  vera. 
PistadA  Terebinthna 
Euphorbia. 
Shorea  roboatA. 
Prunus  Cerasus. 
Bombax  geaaypinoB. 
Cochloepems' 


Butea  fhmdoaa. 
Boswellia  serrata. 
Acacia  Catechu. 

Cistus  ladanifems. 
Coccus  lacca. 
Balsamodandra. 
Prunus  chooloo. 
Pistacia  lentiscus. 
Amyris  agolleche. 

Alalle  archea. 


Mn^RAL  KnroDOif . 


2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 


10 

11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 

21 


Abar       .     .     •     • 

Ulree  .  .  .  « 
Ulree,  2nd.  «  .  . 
Ubkur  .... 
Uswud  .... 
Uswud,  2nd.  .  . 
Ustwud  suffed  .  • 
Ajur 

Isfidaj      .... 

Isfidaj,  2nd  .     .     . 

Ermanee  .  .  . 
Barood  .... 
Bokhrar .... 
Biruiy  .... 
Biroig      .... 

Bilor 

Bilor,  2nd  .  .  . 
Borruk  .... 
Bhurut  .... 
Pa 

Padzuhr.     .     .     . 


{Seesa  ke  rakh.  f 
Seesa  jullahoon     .     } 

(burnt  lead.)  ) 

Yellow  tertiary     .  . 


•  •  • 


•  •  • 


Shora 
Soormee 

Soorma 

Soorma  suffed .     .     . 
Purance  aent  ke  khora 


Suffeda 

(  Suffeda  kash.  kunoe. 
I —  kas  kurce.  v. 


} 


Peetul 


I 


Booreh  yermanee 


Zobr.  mohra 


India 

Juepore      .... 

Surat 

India 

Kurpaul     .... 

Caubul 

Caubul 

India 

Furruka  bad   .     .     . 

Surat. 

Surat 

India 

Surat 

India 

Tanktoda   .... 

Dehlee 

Pegu 

Arabia 

Surat 

Dukhun      .... 

Calcutta     .... 


Oiddeoflead. 

Limestone. 
Limestone. 
Nitrate  of  potash. 
Snlphuret  of  lead. 
Sulphuret  of  antimony. 
Calcareous  sjpar. 

Old  bricks  impregnated  with  sa- 
line matter. 
White  lead. 


Serpentine  opaL 
Gunpowder. 
Opal,  striped. 
Brass. 
Selenite. 
Quartz  cr3r8taL 
Calcareous  spar. 

Green  carbonate  of  Uae. 
Fibrous  alum  with  green  tolphalt 

of  iron. 
Serpentine,  ▼.  Herbert's  aoet. 


EAST  INDIES. 


PadiuhiniSfd 
Pidiubr  ««MJi 
PMooBlft 
Pitoonu,  tad 

PULl  .     .      . 

Pul>«s   '. 
PoUu^  .     . 


"nUiiu  pathui  . 

TlBcml,biL 
TolMl     .     .     . 


Jiwkw! 


_iil-e>u    ! 
[lijri-ool-khntuio 
ool-nahak 


IlHr-ool-toMiBa,  Sod.  • 


Doodbya      . 

Duchnuj       , 

DbsihM       '. 
Riitoul  .      . 

KiM*  abliu  ' 

KooaukhiDJ 


Choombuk 
Kaach  .     .     '. 


aag  crtlium  suOad   . 
Sung  ecahum  lubl 
Sung  ytbuodatu    , 


Sunt     . 


Surot! 
Pegu. 
Pegu. 
Pegu. 

SuriL 
Pegu. 

Noodurpore 

Nooduruuro 
India     . 


Sar%t  . 
Snrat  . 
ArabU  . 
Caubul. 
HUla      . 

Surat     '.     . 
Dehlee,  B. 
Dukhou 
Dukhun 

SoTBl      ! 
DehlM,  a  . 
Saral     . 
Dakhun 


Cuibul  . 
Dehle*  (( 
tlurtlwar. 


Dukhun 
Sunt 


Zuburjud    . 
Zij^  .     .      . 


Zarnf  ekh  mrd 
Zurnrckh  lubkec  . 

ZumutooU  todd« 
Zb^ai     .     .     . 


Kanch  . 
tlurlal  . 


IiltbomargK. 

Dark-green  urpemlofl.   . 

tieliotrope. 

Svr|Hiitin«. 

(iroen  fetipor. 

BloodttoDf. 

Cloj  slalfl. 

Wbile  rlajr. 

Opal  borjI.» 

Ugbt  claj  coloured  bj  TCgctnble 


Honihl«tule  qoarU. 


Sulphate  of  eori>pr. 


Arantiiriae? 

Granite  porphjrltia. 

Piwphjnr. 

Piirphyritie  jaiper. 

Milkj  (|iiarti. 

Seriwntine. 

' '— ?«i0tM(JMae1nMnllnaloae). 

■lulone  (Hint)'  ilate). 
Tertiary  limeatimeT.  Vtiymj,  DMd 

ia  lonib  of  Serundra. 
Coane  gnlned  qtiarli. 

LoiuUlODC. 


Qoarti,  (ulntit.  tor  flinU. 
Wbile  oompart  quarli. 
WhiU  compact  quirtl. 
Clialpodaiiic  quani. 
Lapi)  judaiciu ;  fufdl  (pine  e 

Imn  of  •uperior  qualltf. 

Ei«cl. 

"ryiUli  of  caleareMH  ft. 

Juarli  p«bble. 
Clay  date. 
Wblt*  ai^lB. 


likka. 
I  B«11  metal. 


L"X"' 


TdlDir  orpliMiil. 
yello*  mlfar. 
F.nerald. 
Enrrald,  or  ei 
VanUcrila- 


t  V  t 


80S 

EAST  INDIES. 

tCtnxmuBAJB 

No. 

— 

SjMnjm.. 

Pl«,-1..n«0b<.i™rf. 

K<!««iacN.>»..ke. 

99 

Zunjufr 

Shungmr    .... 

Poonib 

Cinnabar. 

100 

S.r     .      .     .      . 

Fuultd  koostaloh  .     . 

luilia 

Oxide  or  iron. 

101 

Shijree    .     .      . 

Surat 

Chalffidonie  pebble. 

Suninj     .     .      . 

SundOT'r   '.  *.     .     . 

CalcutW      .... 

Ked  lead ;  minium. 

103 

Sul^^t.     .     . 

Uill 

Bitumen;      impure,     bnno      mitk 
.light  fiame. 

10* 

SdI^'ccI,  Snd     . 

Bill* 

Cool. 

IIB 

Dar  .liiknt  .     . 

Sunt. 

Suiat     

Onji. 

107 

HuQg-par      .     . 

FlbreiM  alum. 

109 

Sunt 

Jet. 

109 

Bung  iaffee  .      . 

Dch!o« 

Pot-atone;  tal cMeona  aehlM? 

in 

giuiHiunhiil     . 

Siii>gjun>but,anJ 

Buffed  ix>^ .     .     . 

Dshl™ 

Hills 

Calcareou.  (pu. 

112 

Sung  misrve 

Caubul 

Eg^anitone? 

113 

Birne  Misroe,  Sod 

KoDBilBh          .       . 

Sural 

Surat 

Egyptian  atone? 

Smoky  quant. 

Set  khurreo       . 

Hiiii 

Taicii«oua  sehiat? 

116 

Shodoni  QcU™  . 

Anbia 

Carbonate   of  lime,  eolomd  % 

carbonate  of  iron,  with  a  UDfttol 

0  fcalcuvnu  cryatala. 

Shub  vcmancc  nljim   .     . 
Shub  ycmanee  ahmur       . 

Philkhum.  fluffed       . 

P*onib 

Wbite  alum. 

119 

JlcJalum. 

119 

Bhub  ywnaneo  ukhjur     . 

Phitkbumi  nibi  .      . 

Rettnree      .... 

lao 

Shlbbeh 

Just 

ArobK  Poorab     .      . 
India 

Zinc. 

121 

Rhibbchmohrlk 

Juiljulle  hooa       .     . 

Oxide  of  line. 

la^ 

White  ehalcedony. 
White  oxide  of  ancnlc. 

123 

Sumbool  furBbiu, 

Simbnlkiisr  iufled     . 

Cnubul!     '.'.'.'. 

lai 

Bhiimb  ool  uhmur 

Simbul  kUr  wonikb 

Caubul  

Kcd  tulpburct  of  aneBic 

133 

Shumb  ool  uBfor 

Simbul  khir  lunl       . 

Cubul 

Yellow  ralphuTBl  of  ■iMaie. 

lae 

SaboQ      .     .     . 

LahoKC      .... 

Lahore  soap. 

127 

Bbob  lochun     .      .      . 
Ubruk  auffed   .      .      . 

India,  Poorub .      .      . 
Dukbun      .... 

129 

Tulkabini  '.     '. 

While  mio. 

129 

Tulfc  kooihlch  . 

Ubmk  nun  hovn      . 

Buntmia. 

130 

Tulk  unrud       . 

Black  mica. 

lai 

Teen  uhmur      . 

Ceero".  '.  '.     .     . 

GwBJior      .... 

Red  clay,  or  clay  ilate. 

13a 

Teen  ukhiur     . 

GIliubiBubimuRK. 

Dchlee 

Green  earth. 

133 

Ciilunnunee    .     .     . 

Arabia 

134 

T™n  D^H^ea 

Burst      

13S 

MoulukMmuttee     . 

Lahore 

Whillah  elay. 

136 

Sumt 

Cyprufl  earth;   S.  <*.  a,  l,  lilhe- 
marge,  «ith  muriate  of  i-t*. 

137 

Teen  makhtoom 

Cunbul 

Bed  ctay  fll«*e. 

las 

Zurd  muttee    ... 

Duk'll"      ■      ■      ■     ■ 

Yellow  elay  »late. 

Variegated  liraealone,  vilh  oiyviir 

140 

Surot     

Comeliao. 

AkKk,  2tiJ  !      '. 

SuiBt     

113 

Choree,  Sad       . 

Agate. 

144 

Gboree,  3rd. 

Ghoree.  4th. 

146 

Firomij 

Bakhaia     .... 

TorqurfM. 

147 

Flr«B<U.  -iad. 

14H 

Kufr  ool  yiUiaod    .      .      ■ 

Kurat     

Aiphaltnin ;  Jew-*  pilch. 

Kulleeabiuz     . 

Snjjec  mulleo  .     ,     , 

Dntftndur  N.  of  Saha. 

Carbonate  uf  aoda. 

150 

Kulleo  ■hmur,  3n<l 

runpore. 

151 

Impure 

Kuliuree     .      '. 

Kflng^     ■."... 

Fiiie-Kr«inod  slate;     ar^IlwHBi 

1S3 

KMhurw.  Snii  . 

Burst     

Chalt-edon;. 

154 

KJbrMt  Bbt  obia 

Sulphur. 

155 

Kibrcet  cha  chl,  3 

d  '.     '. 

Sulphur. 

Bulphur,  roll. 

157 

lUbreet  oinnulft 

Sm  .'.■.■,     ,     . 

Dukbu'n.  ' 

158 

Klbrwt  uinlB  ur 

Gundhuk    .... 

Dukllun      .... 

A  compound. 

159 

Kibreel  scmh    . 

Kulei!  guadbuk. 

Kitue    .     .     . 

Iron  ore. 

161 

Kurketuk     .      . 

Sapphire. 

16S 

DcMm'.    ■.    '.      .      . 

Gri-en  vitriol. 

163 

Kuaws,  and'     '. 

.      .      . 

Sulphate  of  iron. 

KiiHH»,  3r<l       . 

Sulphate  of  inni. 

165 

KillQ)      .      .      . 

Choona       .... 

Hillj,  India    "... 

Lime. 

166 

Kulwtt  putbur  . 

Ciiibui. 

167 

KuChucla     .      . 
Kaorunil      .      . 

Sunt 

Amethyrt;  amcthjrtitie  luarta. 

Corunjiun. 

169 

Whilo**p7oUy. 

170 

CMhmert  .... 

Comp«^tqu«rt«. 

171 

Gopee  Chun  dun 

Kurdwar    .... 

White  tiay. 

172 

Burat     

Milk,  quartt. 

173 

174 

Loi-nrd       ',     '. 
Ldjuffod    .     . 

KhllBU       '.     '.        .        . 

Upia  laiuli. 

175 

Hurat    

To^. 

DsPEKDlNCnES^] 


EAST  INDIES. 


907 


No. 


176 
177 
178 
179 
180 
181 
182 
183 
184 
185 

186 
187 
188 
189 
190 
191 
193 
193 
194 
195 
196 
197 
198 
199 
900 
901 
903 


Lalgoolabee 
Losinghaa  •  . 
Laohtunya  •  • 
Luela  .  •  . 
Luelee  •  •  . 
M«r  mohoret  • 
Maimk  manowur 
Blannk  Buffed  • 
Blannk  loorkh  . 
MooixUr  Strng  . 

Morksheesluk    • 
Murkuz  .     .     . 
Mushakoonia    . 
Milleh  oswud   . 
Ncuhae  .     •     • 
NoMdur      •     . 
NoMidor  pnakaneo 
Hadya    .     .     . 
Hiniii\{ee     .     . 
Takoot  Bodokihaaee 
Takoot  Rmnaoee 
Takoot  surd     • 
Takoot  tuffed   • 
Takoot  kinimaee 
Takoot  nabood 
Takoot  nabood,  2nd 
Takoot  .... 


Syiumyms. 


« 


Plaeat  whenee  ObUlnad. 


Sonamukhee    .    •    • 


Surat 

Caubul 

Surat 


... 


Surat. 

Surat 

Surat 

Surat 

India 


... 


Nimuk  munyaree 
Kalanimuk    •    .     • 
Nishasta    .... 


Surat     .     . 

Furrukhabad. 

India. 


India  •  . 

India  .  . 

Surat  .  . 

Cashmere  . 
Mooltan. 

Surat  .  . 

Surat  .  . 
Surat. 
Surat 

Surat  •  . 

Surat  .  . 

Surat  .  . 
K^u. 


Seientifle  Names,  See. 


Corundum. 
Iron  ore. 
Milky  quarts. 
Coarse  garnets. 
Felspar. 

Felspar,  red  ? 


Litharge;   semi-vitreous  oxide  of 

lead. 
Schbt,  with  iron  pyrites. 


Black  salt 
Starch  of  wheat 
Sal  ammoniac 
Sal  ammoniac. 
Compact  quarts. 


Ruby. 
Ruby. 


Green  felspar. 

Sapphire. 

Sapphire. 


I 

3 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

13 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

30 

21 

32 

83 

34 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

32 

33 


Anixal  KnroDOX. 


Us  fkr  ool  teeb 
Padsuhr  hnewanee 
Bossndsuffed   . 
BusBud  suffed,  2nd 
Bossnd  suffed,  3rd 
Shakh  Mooiian 
Shakh  Mooijsn,  2nd 
Busud  ke  kism 
Jubon     .     .     . 
Goond  bedustur 
H^roolhool     . 
Doid  ool  hureer 
Dhal  i^ootier    . 
Roob  mahee 
Zoobd  ool  buhr 
Shuma    ... 
Soduf     .     .     . 
H^r  ool  dek 
Ghurrea  ool  juUood 
Kuchroba     . 
Gao  lochun 
Geedur  soondee 
Loloo      •     .     . 
Ix>loo      .     .     . 
Loloo  surd  .     . 
Loloo  seah  . 
Loloo  seah,  2nd 
Loloo  seah  khan 
Loloo  seah  goolaba 
Meijan   .     .     . 
Nafe  moochk  bila 
Mac  shootur 
Kustoora      .     . 


Nukh 

Zuhr  mohreh  •  •  . 
Moonga  ke  sur  •  . 
Bekh  moor  jar     •     • 

•     .     . 

... 

... 

... 
Puneer 

... 
Sung,  siri  mahee  .     . 

•  •         • 

•  •         • 

Mahee 

Somundurjhug    .     . 

Mom 

Seemp 

... 
Sirep 

... 

... 
Jackal's  navel      .     . 
Mothee       •     •     •     . 

... 

... 

... 

... 
Mothee  pucka .     .     . 

... 
Moonga      .... 


a         •         • 
... 


Surat     .     . 
India,  Sorat 
Surat     .     • 
Dukhun. 
Surat 
Surat 
Surat 
Dukhun. 
Caubul  .     . 

Dehlee. 
Poorub .  . 
Caubul .  . 
Surat  .  . 
Surat  .  . 
India  .  . 
Surat  .  . 
India. 

India     .     . 
i*oorub  •     • 
Surat 
India     .     . 
Surat     •     . 
Surat 
Furat 
Surat 
Surat 
Surat 
Surat 

Nepal. 

Arabia. 

BcngaL 


Unguis  odorattts ;  black  Byzantine. 

Bexoar. 

Coral. 


Cheese. 
Castor. 

Silk-worm  cocoon. 

Cheese  of  camel's  milk. 

Mirzapore. 

Cuttle-fish  bone. 

Wax. 

Shell. 

Glue. 
Amber: 

Nest  of  Mantis. 
Pearl. 


CoraL 


MUCHIKSBT. 

ClaB8  y. — Machines  for  direct  Mtf,  inclmding  Carrioffes. 

Model  of  a  coin-sorting  machine,  from  the  Mint  at 
Madras,  according  to  Major  Smith's  plan. 

Bamboo  hackery ;  hackery  wheels ;  axle  and  sockets  for 
the  same. 

Native  cart,  hackery.  This  sort  of  cart  is  used  through- 
out Lower  Bengal,  and  particularly  in  commercial  towns 
for  the  transport  of  goods.  It  is  remarkable  for  its  ex- 
traordinanr  strength,  bein^  equal  to  a  load  of  several  tons. 
The  wheeis  are  made  of  babool  or  Acacia  Arabica,  the 
axle  of  sunderee  or  Heritiera  minor,  the  stocks  for  the 


same  of  Asun  wood,  and  the  framework  and  joke  of 
bamboo.  The  axles  are  seldom  oiled  or  greased,  and  ita 
total  cost  varies  fit>m  1/.  to  2^  10#. 

An  eka,  or  native  carriage,  lor  one  horse,  made  at  Patna. 
and  intended  to  show  the  xbid  of  nngjp  dnft  vehicle  used 
by  persons  of  rank  in  Hindoostan.  The  harness  for  the 
same  will  be  found  under  the  head  of  Mann^M^tures  ftt>m 
Animal  Substances.  Both  carriage  and  harness  have  been 
contributed  by  Syud  Mecr  Lunt  Ali  Khan  of  Patna. 

Modd  of  a  carriage  for  ladies,  of  a  bullock  carriage, 
and  of  two  carta — from  Lahora. 

Modeb  of  l£ahratta  carriages— from  Bajah  of  Naffpoiv. 

Model  of  state  palankeen,  made  for  the  Bajah  of  Tra- 
vanoore,  by  Messrs.  Simpson  of  Madras. 


908 


EAST  INDIES. 


[CoUONHS  A5D 


Countiy  cart  for  bullocks,  and  basket  complete,  manu' 
fiicturcd  at  Ghicacole. 

Model  of  a  royal  cart — Mouhnein. 

Wooden  ruth  of  Muchhunder  Nath  (a  god)  ;  another, 
of  Kumaree  (a  goddess)  j  another,  of  Juggimnatte  (a  god) 
— ^from  Nepaul. 

Iron  balknoe  and  weights :  dhamee,  bisoulee,  seer,  tin* 
paw,  and  ek  paw — firom  Nepaul. 

Water  clocks  for  day  and  night — firom  NepauL 


Class  VI. — Manufacturing  Machines  and  Tools. 

Various  spinning-wheels ;  models  of  spinning-wheels — 
firom  BengiJ  and  I^ore. 

Spinning-wheel  for  making  pine-apple  thread — ^firom 
Singapore. 

BeoU  for  spinning  pine-apple  thread — ^firom  Singapore. 

Model  of  a  machme  for  twisting  together  silk  threads, 
used  in  weavinff — fipom  Nagporo. 

Model  of  a  hand  machine,  for  spinning  cotton — finom 
Kagpore. 

Weaver's  loom,  and  implements  for  manuliBcturing 
Dacca  muslins. 

Model  of  a  wsayer's  loom ;  weaver's  loom — finom  Bengal 
and  Nagporf . 

Hand-looib,  on  which  the  bugis  sarongs  are  made,  with 
doth  in  the  process  of  weaving — ^firom  Glebes. 

Model  of  nrame  of  hand-loom,  as  guide  in  setting  up. 

Hand-loom,  complete  with  fitune.  Shows  a  much  higher 
state  of  art  than  the  Celebes  loom,  although  the  principle 
is  similar — ^from  Palembane,  Smuatra. 

Model  of  a  loom  for  makmg  gold  and  silver  lace — ^firom 
Moorshedabad,  BengaL 

Weaving  loom  finom  Mysore  and  firom  NepaL 

Carpet  loom,  with  a  drawing,  firom  Hoonsoor,  in  Mysore. 

Samples  of  ootton,  with  description  of  process  of  manu- 
&cture — ^firom  Dacca. 

Charkai  for  cleaning  cotton,  and  cotton-press,  firom 
Broach. 

Cotton-cleaning  machine  and  charka,  for  separating 
Beed — firom  Madura  and  Tinnivelly. 

Rotatory  cotton-cleaning  machine — firom  Ghmtoor. 

Mahratta  cotton  foot  roller,  and  cotton  mill — ^firom 
Mysore. 

Mill  for  extracting  seed  from  cotton-pods — firom  Ghfralior. 

Model  of  a  cotton  gin — ^firom  Moulmein.  Cotton 
cleaner,  and  various  churkas  for  nl^^ftning  cotton — ^firom 
Agra. 

Cotton  Jins,  No.  1  to  4,  Churkas,  such  as  are  used  in 
the  division  of  Agra,  in  the  north-western  provinces  of 
Bengal. 

No.  I  is  the  common  native  chtu'ka  of  the  north-western 
provinces.  It  is  of  extremely  rough  workmanship,  being 
made  bv  a  village  carpenter  at  a  low  price  within  the 
reach  of  the  peasant,  and  answers  its  purpose  tolerably 
well ;  a  practised  person  may  clean  16  lbs.  of  cotton  a 
day;  but  8  lbs.  is  a  fidl  average  for  men  and  women 
working  eleven  hours. 

No.  2  is  a  native  churka,  though  not  exactly  in  common 
use,  it  is  more  expensive  than  the  first  and  costs  about  Ss. ; 
but  the  great  drawback  is  that  the  wooden  roller  soon 
wears  out  and  is  not  easily  replaced,  as  great  accuracy  is 
required  that  the  spirals  in  the  screws  fit  perfectly  mto 
each  other.  In  effectiveness  it  is  rather  better  than  the 
common  roller. 

No.  8  is  an  attempt  to  remedy  the  inconvenience  re- 
sulting firom  the  rapid  wear  and  tear  of  the  wooden  roller, 
by  replacing  it  with  a  brass  one. 

No.  4  is  another  attempted  improvement  of  great 
moment,  in  the  addition  of  a  roller  with  a  small  longi- 
tudinal bar,  with  the  object  of  gently  pressing  the  karpas 
or  unseeded  cotton  into  the  rollers,  and  thus  feeding  the 
churka  of  itself.  To  be  effectual  this  must  revolve  very 
slowly. 

Cottage  saw  gin,  made  under  the  direction  of  the  Com- 
mercial Association  of  Manchester,  by  Mr.  Jamieson,  at 


Ashton-imder-Lyne,  and  of  which  200  were  aent  to  India 
by  the  Court  of  i>irectors  of  the  East  India  Company. 

Clay  model  of  female  figure  cleaning  ooUon.  Oaj 
model  of  old  woman  windi^  cotton. — ioth  ttom  Mr. 
Blechyndyn ;  made  at  Moorshedabad. 

Printing  blocks,  as  used  near  Calcutta. 

Implements  used  in  manufiicture  of  iron,  tis.  :  two  si- 
vils,  two  sledge  hammers,  and  a  pur  of  pincsen. 

Utensils  manufiictured  firom  JSazanebagfa  inm,  with 
aforesaid  tools.  An  anvil,  hammer,  small  luunmer,  pkyo^ 
share,  and  smith's  tongs,  the  production  of  Mirxapore. 

A  cane  for  receiving  water ;  strainer,  balier,  paa,  and 
beater,  native  implements  used  in  cJeanhug  go^  aatiL 

Iron  tools  for  making  silver  filigree  wotIl — Cuttoek. 

A  drill,  axe,  chisel,  saw,  and  file,  as  used  by  ivoij 
carvers;  also  a  peail  piercer— -firom  Moorshedabad. 

Grain  and  bnckpounder;  mortar  and  pestle  fior  poiUMfiDg 
grain;  mill  for  pressing  sugar  cane;  mill  for  grinding  whsst 
— firom  Moorshedabad. 

Modd  of  grindBtone  and  pertk  >nd  mo>tar-£ro. 
Lahore. 

Sugar  cane  mill  and  bruisine  manhinn — firom  Mjsorei 

A  dalla,  selinga,  khoriaj  and  niska,  finr  cjganing  lioe— 
firom  Assam. 

Curry-stone,  for  grinding  articles  of  food,  with  grinder 
— from  Ghazeepore. 

Oil-mill  and  nouse  of  the  miller — ^firom  Gwalior.  Maka 
Baia  Bao  Scindiah. 

Model  of  an  indigo  fiM^torr  and  oil-mill — Jesaore. 

A  potter^s-wheel,  and  wheel  for  pcdiishing  jewels  sad 
sh^pening  knives — ^firom  Moorshedaoad. 

Hones  set  in  sandal  wood — firom  Bimsee  in  BoondisL 

Ghindstones  of  lao,  with  saad  and  oorundaB — fivm 
Coimbatore. 

Carpenters*  and  masons*  tools,  carpentcf^s  anyg  tmm 
Lahore. 

A  still  for  distilling  spirits — firom  Moonhedabad. 

Axes,  augurs,  gouge,  chisel,  betle-nnt  cvaeken^  and 
cocoa-nut  graters — ^from  Singi^>ore. 

Nepaul  tile,  and  wooden  mould  of  the  same. 

Nepaul  bricks  and  wooden  mould,  wooden  paatle  md 
mortar,  bamboo — firom  NepaoL 

Wooden  machine  for  preparing  rioe  and  ^imiiif ; 
wooden  instrument,  with  which  the  seed  is  aeparated  firom 
cotton — firom  NepauL 

Khose  and  jana  bana,  for  spreading  rioe— Atun  KepaaL 

Dundee,  mhoosa,  kokspoo,  thoo,  hatha,  ahii^  aaa  kch 
kathoo,  ungoo  kuthee,  mool  kuthee,  and  koenthee  koo, 
forming  a  weavine-firame,  with  its  materials — firom  NepaoL 

Wooden  model  of  machine  for  grinding  sugar-cans^ 
firom  Nepaul ;  and  another,  used  by  Gorkhaa. 

Nepaul  oUman's  press,  and  one  used  by  GknUiaa. 

Wooden  model  of  water-mill,  for  grinding  com,  gnan, 
&C.J  and  stone  of  the  mill,  firom  NepauL 

Wooden  model  of  machine  for  preparing  butter,  from 
Nepaul. 

Wooden  rolHng-pin,  for  making  bread,  and  womkn 
spoons,  used  in  warming  milk,  firom  NepaoL 

Bamboo  milk-pot,  for  keeping  milk,  m>m  NepaoL 

Instruments  for  working  mines,  firom  NepauL 

Iron  and  wooden  instruments,  used  by  carpentora,  inmi 
NepauL 

Instruments  used  by  goldsmiths,  firom  NepaoL 

Tools,  &c.,  used  by  leather- workers,  firom  pTepauL 

Lechee,  used  by  Phool  plate- workers,  firom  NepaoL 

Tools  used  by  copper-pot  makers,  firom  NepauL 

Toob  used  by  blacksmiths,  firom  NepauL 

Tools  used  by  bricklayers,  firom  NepauL 

Tools  used  by  stone-cuttors,  firom  If  epaoL 

Great  difficulty  has  been  experienced  in  identifying 
many  of  the  articles  sent  firom  Nepaul,  for  the  reasons 
stated  by  the  Calcutta  Committee — first,  that  the  things 
were  originally  badly  packed ;  and,  secondly,  that  in  cominc 
down  to  Calcutta  th^  were  much  iigured  by  the  rain,an3 
lost  their  labels. 


DKPBKDKKCUnJ 


EAST  INDIES. 


909 


Class   Vll. — Civil   Sngineerimg^   ArekUeetwraly   and 

Building  Conlrivanee*. 

Persisn  wheel  for  nunng  water,  from  Lahore. 

PicotUh  model,  for  drawing  water  from  a  well,  from 
Hadraa. 

Modtd  of  iron  bridge  in  Doottee ;  models  of  bridges  on 
the  Britawti  Rtrer,  Trisool  Chmga  River,  Bishnomuti 
BiTer,  Bagmuti  River,  and  of  oonmion  bridges  in  Nepaul. 

Modek  of  a  tank,  of  aoan  dhara,  and  of  a  house,  from 
KepauL 

Modeb  of  QodsTery  anient,  from  Madras. 

Breakwater  adapted  to  Madras  surfl 


Class  yTU.-^Nanal  ArchUeetmrt^  MUUary  Engineering, 
Ordmamce  Arwu  and  Aocoulremenie. 

(A.)  Modele  of  VeeeeU  employed  hg  ike  NaUvee  in  navi- 
ga&ig  the  Indian  Ueean  and  Bivert. 

Models  of  Tesaels  called  Bnglo,  Naodee,  Gungo,  Eoteo, 
and  Muchoo,  from  Outch. 

Models  of  Cutch  boats. — These  models  of  boats  are 
presented  ibr  exhibition  by  H.  H.  the  Rao  of  Cutch,  in 
which  country,  rix.,  at  Maudavee,  thej  were  constructed, 
and  hare  been  sent  to  the  Exhibition  to  show  the  pecu- 
liaritiM  of  Cutch  ship  and  boat  building. 

Modds  of  native  CTaft. — Models  of  native  craft  frequent- 
ing Bombay,  and  the  Malabar  coast.  These  were  made 
in  the  dockyard  at  Bombay,  under  the  superintendence  of 
Commodore  S.  Lushington,  Commander-in-chief  of  the 
Indian  Navy,  and  Captain  Hawkins,  I.N.  The  Arab 
bateDa,  No.  8,  is  a  private  contribution  from  Captain 
Hawkins,  which,  after  it  has  been  exhibited,  he  wishes  to 
be  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  Hon.  the  Court  of 
Directors,  for  their  Museum.  It  is  considered  perfect  in 
•ver^  respect  as  a  whole,  and  as  to  the  detail ;  and  the 
making  of  it  has  been  superintended  by  an  Arab  from. 
the  Penian  Oulf  It  is  made  out  of  the  wood  of  the 
**  ComwaOis,*'  which,  after  burning  to  the  water's  edge, 
was  sunk  here  in  deep  water.  For  frurther  particulars  of 
this,  and  descriptions  of  the  other  models,  see  the  following 
aoooimts: — 

1  The  Snake-boat  of  Cochin  is  a  canoe  of  great  length; 
they  are  used  by  the  opulent  natives  and  Europeans,  as 
boats  for  the  conveyance  and  despatch  of  persons  on  the 
numeroos  rivers  and  backwaters,  particularly  on  that 
between  Cochin,  Alhpay,  and  Quilon,  which  is  about  80 
miles  southward,  and  on  that  which  runs  to  Palipact  and 
Triehoor,  the  former  place  being  about  20,  and  tue  latter 
about  60  miles  to  the  northwani.  These  boats  are  from 
80  to  60  feet  in  length,  without  any  regard  to  breadth  or 
depth,  as  they  are  worked  from  the  solid  tree;  the 
broadest  do  not  exceed  three  feet.  Those  of  the  Raja  and 
officers  of  state  are  veiy  handsomely  fitted  up,  and  carved 
in  the  most  fantastical  manner ;  they  are  made  veiy  neat, 
and  even  splendid,  with  painting,  g^ilding,  &c.  The 
largest  boats  are  sculled  by  about  20  men,  double  banked, 
and  when  pressed,  their  velocity  is  surprising,  as  much  as 
a  mile  in  five  minutes.  These  boats  are  pecuusrly  adapted 
to  the  rivers,  for  it  frequently  occurs,  that  in  dry 
seasons,  there  are  sand  banks  perfectly  dry,  nearly  100 
yards  in  breadth,  over  which  they  must  be  drawn,  by  the 
strength  of  the  few  men  who  are  in  them ;  the  smaller 
sise  having  only  six  rowers  and  a  cockswain. 

Those  natives  who  can  afford  tlie  expense,  have  the 
cabin  neatly  fitted  up  with  Venetian  blinds  on  the  sides, 
but  ^leraUy  the  cuscus  or  grass  mat  is  substituted. 

2  The  Catamarans  of  Madras  are  formed  of  three 
logs  of  timber,,  their  length  is  from  20  to  25  fi^et,  and 
bradth  2\  to  8^  feet,  secured  together  with  three  spread- 
ers and  cross  lashings;  the  centre  log  being  much  the 
larcest,  with  a  curved  surface  at  the  fore  end,  which  tends 
and  finishes  upwards  to  a  point.  The  side  logs  are  simi- 
lar in  form,  but  smaller,  having  their  sides  straight,  and 
filted  to  the  centre  los. 

These  weU-known  floats  are  generally  navigated  by  two 


men,  but  sometimes  by  one  onlv,  with  the  greatest  skill 
and  dexterity,  as  they  think  nothing  of  passing  through 
the  surf  at  Madras,  and  at  other  parts  of  the  coast,  while 
boats  of  the  country  could  not  live  on  the  waves.  At 
sea  they  are  propelled  through  the  water  to  a  ship  on  the 
coast,  when  boats  of  the  best  construction  and  form  would 
swamp. 

3  The  yacht  "Wave,"  or  fishing-boat  of  Bombay.— This 
boat  is  the  property  of  an  officer  of  the  Indian  Navy  j*  her 
model  was  taken  from  a  fishing-boat  of  Bombay.  The 
keel  is  ciured,  and  beine  at  the  fore  end  2  feet  below  the 
level  of  the  keel  amidsnips,  it  serves  as  a  gripe  or  lee- 
board,  and  tends  to  make  the  boat  weatherfy.  She  has 
comparatively  a  flat  floor,  a  hollow  entrance,  and  a  sharp 
flat  run ;  her  length  over  all  46  feet.  Entrance  breadth, 
12  feet,  and  depth  amidships,  3  feet  8  inches.  Her  main- 
mast is  36  feet  m  length,  main-yard,  65  feet,  mizen-mast, 
22  feet,  and  misen-yard,  40  feet.  Sails  lateen,  made  of 
drill,  sewn  in  narrow  cloths. 

She  was  built  as  a  pleasure  yacht,  but  more  particularly 
for  the  regattas,  for  which  Bombay  is  famous,  and  when 
ballasted,  has  won  many  prizes.  No  boat  of  European 
form  and  construction  has,  as  yet,  been  found  to  compete 
with  her  in  point  of  sailing,  in  moderate  weather. 

4  The  Jaugar,  or  Ferry-boat  of  Cochin,  is  formed  by 
placing  a  floor  of  boards  across  two  boats  or  canoes,  from 
10  to  12  feet  fore  and  aft,  and  about  16  feet  lone.  Wlien 
these  boats  are  thus  formed  into  a  raft,  cattle  and  burthen- 
some  articles  are  conveyed  in  them  across  the  rivers,  as 
also  troops,  with  aH  their  followers,  horses,  bullocks,  &c. 
The  boats  or  canoes  are  cut  out  of  a  solid  log  of  timber, 
and  are  from  8  to  20  feet  in  leneth,  18  inches  to  2  feet  in 
breadth,  and  from  12  to  18  inches  in  depth. 

When  emploved  singly,  the  canoes  are  managed  with 
much  dexterity  by  the  natives,  with  a  scull  or  paddle,  on 
the  backwater  of  Cochin ;  and  at  the  mouths  of  the  creeks 
they  are  employed  in  great  numbers  in  fishing. 

The  larger  sort  of  boats  are  used  for  the  conveyance  of 
rice  and  merchandise  on  the  numerous  small  rivers  which 
flow  into  the  backwater,  extending  150  miles  parallel  to 
the  sea  coast. 

5  The  Cotton-boat  of  Bombay. — Tliis  description  of 
boat  belongs  entirely  to  the  port  of  Bombay,  and  they 
are  so  called  on  account  of  their  being  invariably  employed 
in  conveying  cotton  from  the  shore  to  the  ships  bound  for 
China  and  Great  Britain,  loading  with  that  article. 
These  are  the  only  boats  made  use  of  in  loading  and  un- 
loading the  numerous  kind  of  outward  and  inward 
cargoes  of  ships  visiting  the  port.  They  are  from  25  to 
35  feet  in  length,  10  to  13  feet  in  breadth,  and  3|  to 

4  feet  in  depth.  Thev  are  veir  rudely  but  strongly 
built,  and  the  largest  of  them  will  cany  15  tons  of  dead 
weight.  They  are  employed  in  bringing  the  produce  of 
the  Island  of  oalsette,  such  as  grain,  grass,  vegetables,  &c^ 
to  Bombay,  also  for  the  conveyance  of  troops  with  their 
bamige,  to  and  from  Panwell. 

^e  inside  of  the  boat  is  lined  with  bamboo  matting  to 
protect  the  cargo  from  bilge  water.  They  are  genemlly 
navigated  by  a  crew  of  six  men  and  a  tindal,  principally 
Mahommedans,  who  live  in  the  boat. 

On  one  side  of  the  mast  is  a  fire-plaoe,  and  on  the 
opposite  a  cask  or  tank,  containing  n-esh  water.  The 
bottom  is  annuaUy,  or  oftener,  paid  over  with  a  mixture 
of  chunam,  or  hme,  and  vegetable  oil,  which  liardens, 
and  is  a  good  protection  against  worms.  They  have  one 
mast  which  rakes  forward,  and  a  yard  of  the  same  length 

05  the  boat. 

The  cost  of  one  of  the  best  of  them  complete  is  about 
700  rupees.  They  are  mostly  hired  by  the  day,  at  a  rata 
varying  from  two  to  five  rupees,  according  to  their  sixe 
and  season  of  the  year. 

6  The  Dingec,  or  Bum-boat  of  Bombay,  is  a  small  boat, 
from  12  to  20  feet  in  length,  5  to  7  feet  in  breadtli,  and  18 
inches  to  2  feet  in  depth ;  with  a  raking  mast,  and  a  yard 
the  same  length  as  the  boat ;  they  are  navigated  by  three 

*  Mr.  J.  A.  Key*,  AaicUat  Indian  Naval  Storekeeper. 


910 


EAST  INDIES. 


[COLOXTES  ATD 


to  four  men,  who  very  JGrequently  are  joint  owners  of  the 
boat. 

The  dingees  sail  very  well,  and  are  employed  in  carrying 
persons  to  and  from  ressels  in  the  harbour:  ther  also 
carry  people  desirous  of  yisiting  the  Islands  of  Elepnanta, 
Caranjah,  and  others  in  the  harbour  of  Bombay.  It  is 
generally  the  practice  with  captains  and  conunanders  of 
ships  to  hire  one  by  the  month,  at  the  rate  of  40  to  50 
rupees.  When  so  employed,  they  take  off  meat  and  pro- 
visions in  the  morning  firom  the  shore  for  the  day's  con- 
sumption, after  which  they  are  ever  ready  to  convey 
officers  to  and  firom  the  ship,  carry  messages  and  notes, 
and  any  other  service  required  of  them. 

The  hiring  of  these  boats  is  a  great  advantage,  as  it  not 
only  saves  the  ship's  boats  from  being  knocked  about,  but 
keeps  the  European  seamen  from  exposure  to  the  sun, 
which  would  injure  their  health,  were  the  ship's  boats  so 
employed. 

7  The  Point  de  Qidle  Canoe  is  a  boat  formed  from  a 
single  stem  of  doopwood,  or  pine- varnish  tree.  They  are 
frt>m  18  to  30  feet  in  length,  from  18  inches  to  2i  feet  in 
breadth,  and  from  2  to  3  feet  deep,  exclusive  of  the  wash- 
board, which  is  from  10  to  18  inches  broad,  and  sewed  to 
the  gunwale  with  coir  yams,  with  loose  coir  padding  on 
the  joints. 

These  boats  are  fitted  with  a  balance-log  at  the  bamboo 
outrigger,  having  mast,  yards,  and  sail  secured  together. 
Vessels  passing  the  southern  coasts  of  Ceylon  are  generally 
boarded  by  these  boats  even  at  the  distance  of  20  to  25 
miles  from  shore. 

They  will  sail  at  the  rate  of  10  miles  an  hour  in  strong 
winds,  which  are  generally  prevalent  there,  and  with  a 
crew  of  five  men  will  carry  a  cargo  of  vegetables,  which 
are  great  luxuries  to  the  crew  and  passengers  after  a  long 
voyage  from  England  to  Bombay  and  Bengal. 

8  The  Batelles  of  Bombay  and  Surat.  The  batelles 
belong  principallv  to  the  merchants  of  Bombay  and  Surat, 
and  are  decidedly  the  best  built  and  better  found  in 
fittings  and  stores  than  any  other  description  of  boats  of 
Western  India.  They  are  built  entir^y  of  teak-wood, 
well  planked,  and  fastened  with  iron  nails  and  bolts ;  they 
have  a  great  rise  of  sheer  forward,  and  a  regular  stem, 
with  madows  abaft  ;  some  are  fitted  with  a  cabin  under 
the  poop,  but  the  majority  of  them  carry  bamboo  decks 
over  beams  fitted  for  the  purpose. 

They  are  from  35  to  50  feet  in  length,  15  to  20  in 
breadtn,  and  5  to  7  feet  in  depth,  and  from  25  to  100 
tons  burthen.  They  are  lateen  rigged,  having  a  main  and 
mizen  mast,  both  raking  forward,  and  a  boom  forward,  on 
which  a  jib  is  set :  the  main-yard  is  a  Httle  longer  than 
the  extreme  length  of  the  boat.  They  invariably  have  a 
break  in  the  topsides  from  the  fore  part  of  the  poop  to 
the  luff  of  bow,  nearly  level  with  the  beams,  for  the  faci- 
lity of  taking  in  and  out  heavy  cargo.  At  sea  this  break 
is  stopped  up  by  bamboo  mats  inside,  and  outside  with  soft 
mud  or  puddle  between.  This  excludes  water,  and  is  as 
water-tight  as  any  other  part  of  the  hull.  It  is  a  remark- 
able fact  that  one  never  hear^  of  any  damage  done  to  the 
cargo  from  this  part,  although  when  the  boat  is  fidly 
loaded  the  break  is  about  1  foot  or  18  inches  above  water. 
These  boats  import  cotton  from  Surat,  Broach,  Cambay, 
and  other  cotton-growing  districts  to  Bombay,  and  teak 
timber  from  the  northern  forests,  extensively  used  in  ship- 
building and  other  purposes  at  Bombay. 

9  The  Arab  Batelle.  The  batelles  were  the  boat-s  prin- 
pally  used  by  Joaseme  pirates  of  the  Persian  Gul^  who 
were  a  terror  to  the  native  mariners  till  exterminated  by 
the  united  efforts  of  the  King's  ships  and  the  Honourable 
Company's  vessels  of  war. 

The  batelles  have  a  very  sharp  and  hollow  floor,  a  very 
clean  run,  and  a  perfect  wedge-like  entrance,  which  offers 
little  or  no  resistanco  to  the  water.  They  are  noted  for 
their  fast  saiUng  and  weatherly  quaUties,  so  much  so  that 
it  was  found  very  difficult  by  the  vessels  of  the  Royal  and 
the  Honourable  Company's  navy  to  capture  them,  even 
when  the  pirates  were  supposed  to  be  on  the  point  of 
surrendering,  as  they  froqiiently  made  off  in  gallant  style 


when  within  gun-shot  of  the  ship,  and  were  chafed  md 
pursued  in  vain.  The  Arabs  assert  that  no  vessel  could 
saU  so  close  to  the  wind  as  the  batelle,  and  there  seems 
good  ground  for  the  assertion. 

The  mode  of  steering  the  batelle  is  very  singular,  is 
may  be  seen  in  the  modeL  The  rudder  projects  sevenl 
fioet  below  the  peel  of  the  stem-post ;  to.  the  afterpart  of 
the  rudder  is  fixed  the  tiUer,  which  has  a  curve  pointin)^ 
upwards ;  the  ropes  are  led  inboard  by  means  of^  an  out- 
rigger at  the  side,  by  which  the  helmsman  steers  the  ba> 
telle.  They  require  very  Httlehead,  as,  indeed,  the  rodder 
is  confined  to  a  certain  point  by  spreaders  nailed  on  the 
stem-posts. 

The  batelles  are  lateen  rigged,  and  have  three  suits 
of  sails  made  of  Bahrein  canvas.  In  calms  thi^ 
are  propelled  by  sweeps.  The  largest  size  batelle  is 
150  tons,  and  now  only  used  by  the  Arab  chiefs  of  th« 
Persian  Qxdf  on  state  occasions  and  visits  of  cererooiiT. 
This  model  is  a  private  contribution  from  Cb^.  Haw- 
kins, I.N.,  and  is  finallv  intended  as  a  present  to  the 
Honourable  the  Court  of  Directors  for  their  Museum. 

10  The  Arab  Dow.  This  was  another  description  of 
vessel  used  by  the  pirates  of  the  Persian  Gulfl  The  form 
of  the  dow  is  calciuated  for  swift  sailing,  as  they  hsre  s 
sharp  floor  and  clean  entrance.  There  are  very  few  of 
these  boats  now  in  existence,  as  from  their  sixe  and  con- 
struction they  are  ill-adapted  for  the  purposes  of  tnde, 
and  since  there  are  no  pirates  there  now,  the  dow  will 
shortly  become  extinct.  The  peculiarity  of  the  dow  con- 
sisted in  a  long  projecting  ^dlery  at  the  stem.  The 
pirates  used  to  impel  the  boats  with  sweeps  stem  Core- 
most,  and  board  from,  this  gallery.  The  largest  dow  is 
about  200  tons.  The  bottom  is  paid  over  with  a  mixtnro 
of  lime  and  boiled  taUow,  whicn  hardens  by  exposure, 
and  serves  to  keep  it  dean  and  free  from  the  attacks  of 
barnacles  and  other  marine  animals. 

11  Cutch  Dingee.  These  vessels  are  from  90  to  50 
feet  in  length,  15  to  25  feet  in  width,  and  7  to  10  feet 
deep,  and  from  20  to  100  tons  burthen.  Thej  hsve  s 
good  rise  of  floor,  and  a  fine  entrance  and  run,  cakolatcd 
mr  fast  sailing  :  some  of  them  are  decked  whoDy,  others 
only  abaft  the  mizen  mast  and  a  small  part  forward,  the 
rest  being  left  open  for  the  stowage  of  csrgo,  which  ii 
frequently  stowed  considerably  above  the  level  of  the  gun- 
wale, in  which  case  a  barricaoing  of  bamboo  and  coarse 
mats  is  fixed  as  a  temporary  protection  :  when  not  fuDj 
loaded,  the  materials  are  laid  over  slight  wood  framing 
between  the  beams  which  serve  the  purpose  of  a  deck. 

These  vessels  are  tolerably  well  built  with  a  mixture  of 
jungle  and  teak  wood,  and  fiistened  with  nails,  which  go 
through,  and  are  turned  on  the  inside  of  the  timber.  The 
stern  is  very  high,  with  double  poop ;  the  sides  are  per- 
forated with  ports,  and  ornamented  with  rough  carving 
and  often  pamted  a  variety  of  colours.  They  b^ong 
principally  to  Cutch,  Mandavee,  Poar  Bunder,  and  other 
sea-ports  imder  the  dominions  of  the  Bow  of  Cutch,  and 
are  navigated  by  a  crew  of  12  to  20  men,  and  a  tindsL 
Their  import  cargo  to  Bombay  is  ghee  (clarified  butter, 
used  extensively  by  the  natives  of  Lidia),  salt  fish,  mus- 
tard, and  grain ;  and  the  export  cargo  is  piece  goods,  cut- 
lery, metals  and  rice.  Some  of  the  largest  go  to  Muscat 
and  other  ports  in  the  Persian  Gulf :  they  navigate  the 
sea  only  in  fine  weather,  and  are  invariably  laid  up  in  the 
south-west  monsoon  from  June  to  the  end  of  August. 
They  are  very  frequently  employed  by  the  government  for 
the  conveyance  of  troops  ana  stores  to  and  &om  Kurrachee 
and  other  ports  in  the  Presidency. 

12  Cutch  Cotiyah.  These  boats  belong  to  the  ports  of 
Cutch,  Mandavee,  Poar  Bimder,  and  some  to  Kurraehtv, 
in  the  newly-acquired  territory  of  Scinde,  and  trade 
between  Bombay  and  those  ports.  They  are  very  well 
built,  with  a  square  tuck,  and  many  or  them  have  a 
regular  built  stem,  with  ports,  and  handsomely  carred. 
Some  of  them  have  a  deck  fore  and  aft,  but  more  iH>m- 
monly  they  have  frame- work  between  the  betims,  to  ship 
and  unship,  for  the  facility  of  stowage,  and  a  bamKx> 
deck.     They  are  from  30  to  50  feet  in  length,  12  lo23 


/ 


Dbpendekctes.J 


EAST  INDIES. 


911 


feet  in  breadth,  and  7  to  10  fi»t  deep.  Thej  export  salt- 
fish,  grain,  and  other  produce  of  the  ports  to  wnich  thej 
belong.  Thej  are  navigated  bj  a  crew  of  from  15  to  20 
men  and  a  tindaL  They  are  lateen  rigged,  with  a  main 
and  mizen  sail,  both  maats  raking  forward^  to  keep  the  pon- 
derous yards  clear  of  the  mast  in  lowering  and  hoisting. 

These  boats  frequently  take  up  troops  and  gOTcmment 
stores  to  and  from  Kurrachoe  and  other  neighbouring 
ports  to  the  Presidency. 

13  The  Ceylon  Doni  is  a  huge  vessel  of  the  ark-like 
form,  about  70  feet  long,  20  feet  broad,  and  12  feet  deep, 
with  a  flat  bottom  or  Keel  part,  which  at  the  broadest 
place  is  5  to  7  feet,  and  tapers  at  the  fore  and  after  ends 
to  about  10  inches.  The  fore  and  after  bodies  are  nearly 
similar  in  form  from  a-midships ;  their  light  draught  of 
water  b  about  4  feet,  and  when  loaded  about  9  feet. 
These  rude,  unshapely  vessels  trade  from  Madras  and  the 
coast  to  the  island  of  Ceylon,  and  many  of  them  to  the 
Gidf  of  Mannar,  as  the  water  is  shoal  between  Ceylon 
and  the  southern  part  of  the  continent.  They  have  only 
one  mast  with  a  lug-sail,  and  are  navigated  from  land  to 
land  and  coastwise  m  fine  weather  only. 

Arab  bugalow,  and  pattamar  of  Bombay,  from  Bombay. 
— No  description  has  oeen  sent  of  this  kind  of  vessel. 

Eurrachee  bugalow. — ^This  is  the  only  model  supplied 
from  Sindh. 

The  boats  of  the  Indus  and  other  crafts  peculiar  to  Kur- 
rachee  were  ordered  ;  but  the  people  who  were  employed 
to  make  them  did  not  fulfil  their  engagements. 

Model  of  a  pleasure-boat  of  a  Sikh  chief^  from  Lahore. 

Massulah  boat,  with  oars,  and  a  small  cutter,  from 
Madras. 

Model  of  a  boat  and  of  an  oar,  from  NepauL 

Models  of  Lanun  pirate  prahus ;  the  mrst  class  carries 
a  crew  of  100  men,  and  the  second  class  a  crew  of  about 
GO  men :  from  Mindanao. 

Model  of  Padewakhan,  or  Bugis  trading  prahu.  The 
Bugis  trade  and  the  Trepang  fishery  are  carried  on  in 
these  vessels  from  Singapore. 

Models  of  Sampan  boats,  peculiar  to  Singapore ;  three 
classes ;  first  class  veiy  swift :  from  Singapore. 

Tambangan  or  Sourabay  passage  boats. 

Model  of  a  large  cargo  boat,  such  as  is  used  upon  the 
Ganges,  &c. 

Model  of  a  dinghy  or  small  boat,  ditto. 

Model  of  a  Burmese  coasting  vessel. 

(B.)  Arms,  Ordnance,  and  Accoutrements, 

Accoutrements: — Caps  of  rhinoceros  hide,  from  the 
Rao  of  Cutch. 

Sliako  to))ce,  used  by  the  lighter  battalions,  and  black 
turban,  used  by  Gorkha  battalion  ;  from  Nei)aul. 

Silver  moons,  used  by  various  battalions,  from  Ncpaul. 

Silver  moon  of  the  Riflo  Company,  and  silver  chain 
u»cd  by  Nepaul  non-commissioned  oflioers,  from  NepauL 

Brt'a.'^t -plate,  cloth  jacket,  cotton  jacket,  broad-cloth 
pantaloons,  and  cotton-cloth  pantaloons,  used  by  Gorklia 
battalion,  from  Xepaul. 

Bengra  cloth  bag,  for  carrying  sepoy's  provisions,  from 
Uepauj. 

Nepaul  captain's  coat,  worked  with  golden  thread,  from 
Rajpootanah. 

Cloth  pouch,  belt,  Ac.,  studded  with  brass  naUs,  from 
Rajah  of  Kotah. 

Foucli,  belt,  powder-flasks,  &c.,  from  Jevpore. 

Powder-flasks,  and  powder  and  shot  belts,  from  Mun- 
dote. 

Powder-flask,  and  girdle  and  pouches,  used  by  Gorkhas, 
from  Nepaul. 

Matchlocks,  ni»tol!»,  &c. : — l^fatclilock,  with  pouch-belt, 
from  Rajah  of  Boondie. 

Two  amber  matchlocks,  with  powder-flasks,  Ac,  from 
tlie  Rajah  of  Jeyjwrt*. 

Tliree  niatclilorks,  manufacturetl  in  the  city  of  Patna, 
contributed  by  Bab<K)  Kooniar  and  Dyal  Sing  of  Patna. 

Matcliloi'k  manufm'turiHl  at  Hcjnour,  from  Nugivna. 


Matchlock  manufactured  at  Bejnour,  from  Dhampoor 
in  Rohilkund. 

Two  matchlocks,  with  apparatus  complete,  from  Dhole- 
poro  in  Rajpootanah. 

MatchlocK  gun,  matchlock  rifle  and  rest,  two  rifles,  and 
throe  rifle  matchlocks,  from  H.  H.  CK)olab  Sing,  Lahore, 
Mimdote. 

Matchlock,  from  the  Rao  of  Cutch. 

Matchlock,  with  gold  mountings,  and  two  small  gold 
chains,  from  Ghvalior,  from  Maha  Biajah  Rao  Scindiah. 

Gun,  complete,  in  a  case,  with  implements,  made  after 
European  design  in  the  states  of  Nepaul.  ' 

Single  barrel  percussion  gun ;  matchlock,  gold  moimtod  ; 
pistol ;  and  spare  pistol,  flint  lock,  from  H.  H.  Meer  All 
Moorad,  Khyrpoor.  These  are  private  contributions  from 
H.  H.  Meer  Ali  Moorad,  which  arrived  here  without  de- 
scription, and  so  late  that  there  was  but  just  time  to  re- 
pack them,  and  send  them  off*  on  the  following  day.  It  is 
to  be  presumed  that  they  are  native  manufacture,  at  least 
the  matchlocks. — Bombay  Report, 

Pistol,  from  Lahore,  and  Rajah  Goolab  Sing. 

Pair  of  pistols,  manufactured  at  Agra.  The  manufac- 
turers of  Jign  turn  out  pretty  good  weapons  at  compara- 
tively low  prices. 

Swords,  Ac. : — Sword,  with  enamelled  hilt ;  sword,  with 
pistol  and  dagger  affixed ;  sword,  from  Rigah  of  Kotah. 

Throe  sworas,  from  iron  of  Chota  Nagpore ;  and  two 
ancient  swords,  from  Rajah  of  Bettiah,  Moorshedabad. 

Sword,  from  the  Rao  of  Cutch. 

Sword,  from  Malwa. 

Sword,  from  Nawab  of  Rampore,  Rohilkund. 

Various  swords,  from  Lahore. 

A  sword  as  used  40  vears  ago ;  a  sword  as  used  now ;  an 
old  Mahratta  sword,  from  Gwalior,  from  the  Maha  Rajah. 

Sword  scabbards  ;  swords  and  daws. 

Battle-axe,  from  Boondie. 

Battle-axes,  from  Lahore. 

Battle-axe,  manu&ctured  from  indigenous  substances  in 
the  dominions  of  the  Rajah  of  Boondee,  Rajpootanah 
states. 

A  kind  of  sword,  khora ;  a  short  national  sword, 
khookroe,  from  Nepaul. 

Swords  and  sheaths,  from  Acheen,  Sumatra. 

Two  swords  with  gilt  handles,  from  Rajpootanah. 

Two  hilts  of  swords  gilt,  from  Tonk  in  Rajpootanah. 

Serohi  sword  blade  of  white  stec],  inlaid  with  gold ; 
Serohi  sword  blade  of  dark  steel,  hilt  richlv  inlaid  with 
gold ;  Serohi  kuttar  or  dagger,  dark  steel,  inlaid  with  gold ; 
Bhcel  bows  of  bamboo  ;  quivers  of  bheel  arrows,  nuuiu- 
focturcd  at  Serohi  in  Rajpootanah  states. 

A  helmet  and  a  complete  suit  of  steel  armotu*,  inlaid 
with  gold,  from  Dholepoor  in  Rajpootanah. 

Two  daggers,  with  enamcUed  shields,  from  Scinde. 

Swords,  mounted  with  gold  and  belts,  from  Khyrpoor. 
These  blades  are  probably  very  scarce  and  dear.  Thcj-  are 
made  of  the  fine  ringing  steel  so  esteemed  in  Sindli  and 
the  countries  to  the  northward  of  it :  they  are  termed 
Khorassan  blades.  Tliev  came  among  the  collection  from 
II.  II.  Meer  Ali  Moorad. 

Kuttaroo  or  dagger;  tabber  or  battle-axe;  tabber  of 
another  kind ;  sword,  spear,  Ac,,  from  the  Rao  of  Cutch. 

Klewang,  or  sword,  from  Batan. 

Sword  of  native  iron  by  people  of  Kota,  from  Borneo. 

Two  daggers,  manidactured  entirely  of  native  materials, 
from  Rajah  of  Boondee. 

Shichis: — Shield  of  deer-skin,  transparent,  with  ena- 
melle<l  bosses  ;  and  shield  with  gold  bosses,  each  boss  con- 
cealing a  pistol,  from  Rajah  of  Kotah. 

Shield,  manufa^'tured  m  the  Rajpootana  states. 

Shield,  from  Lahore. 

Sliicld,  rhinoceros  liide,  from  the  Rao  of  Cutch.  Thcso 
are  manufactured  in  Cutch  for  the  neighbouring  countries. 
They  are  made  out  of  the  rhinoceros  hide  brought  from 
the  eastern  coast  of  Africa. 

Rhinoceros  shield,  from  NepauL 

Spcnr*,  bow«,  and  arr(»w» : --Mahratta  ^p<*ar,  from 
rjwalior. 


912 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Colonies  A5i> 


Arrows,  spear,  and  bows,  from  Lahore. 

Baieillj  painted  bow,  arrows,  and  quivers,  from  Lahore. 

A  quiver  and  numerous  arrows,  from  Gwalior. 

Bow ;  quiver  with  arrows ;  guard  against  bow-string, 
worn  bj  the  archers  in  left  hfmd;  small  bow;  kind  of 
bow  with  iron  chain  instead  of  a  string ;  small  spear — 
from  Nepaul* 

Bows  and  quivers,  as  used  in  the  province  of  Assam. 

Banching,  or  stiletto-di^ger,  from  Acheen,  Sumatra. 

Sling,  bow,  and  a  bag  of  clav  balls,  from  NepauL 

Bow-strings  of  fibres.  Low  Country,  with  a  bow  and  four 
arrows,  from  Calicut. 

Two  war  rioffs,  from  Kajah  of  Pattiala. 

Pair  of  wrestlers,  as  used  in  the  North-west  Provinces. 

Cuttinff  instruments  of  war  (Cutch).  These  are  manu- 
fiMtured  m  Cutch. 

Chain-armour,  head-cover,  sword,  dagger,  spear  (point 
and  but  only),  embroidered  sword-belt,  belt,  shield,  bag 
with  pouches,  and  a  matchlock,  from  Bajpootanah. 

Fowling-piece  with  flint-lock,  the  barrel  engraved  with 
flowers ;  another  fowling«pieoe ;  buUet-mouIds  for  the 
above  ;  sword  inlaid  with  pearls,  one  side  steel,  the  other 
iron ;  sword  of  steel,  with  two  blades  in  one,  forming  two 
swords  ;  dagger  with  two  blades.  Id  appearance  one,  but 
when  separa^d  forms  two  ;  knife  with  three  blades,  also 
in  appearance  one ;  chooree. — Contributions  of  H.  H.  the 
Maharajah  of  Ullwar. 

Chain  armour,  with  head-cover,  from  Bajpootanah. 

Set  of  steel  armour  inlaid  with  gold,  from  Dholepore  in 
Bajpootanah. 

Helmet  and  iron  armlets,  from  GhwaHor. 

Burmese  shield,  daggers,  sword,  and  lai^  knife,  or 
chopper. 

Sword  and  three  daggers  ;  two  quivers,  each  containing 
sixty  arrows ;  kaunda,  a  sword  with  gold  mountings ; 
matchlock,  with  gold  mounting ;  bags  for  the  matchlock ; 
belt  and  pouches  of  silver  for  the  matchlock. — Contributed 
by  H.  H.  Maharajah  of  Jodhpore. 

The  following  articles  are  used  by  Indian  athletes : — 
Bamboo  bow,  with  iron  chain  in  place  of  string ;  wooden 
dlubs  of  Sissoo  wood :  two-handed  sword,  made  at  Saugor, 
Central  India ;  shields  for  practising  sword-play ;  foils,  or 
sham  swords,  from  Marwar. 

Kuttar,  or  dagger,  jewelled.  A  dagger,  containing 
another  within  it,  and  one  which  opens  into  five  blades, 
from  the  Bajah  of  Pattiala. 

Suit  of  armour ;  two  pieces  of  horse  armour ;  suit  of 
armour,  nine  pieces ;  two  locks ;  blunderbuss  (Sikh)  ; 
cannon  (model) ;  double  cannon  (model)  ;  mortar  (mo- 
del) ;  howitzer ;  camel-gun  and  saddle^  from  Lahore. 

Hill-gun  complete,  from  M.  H.  B.  CK>olab  Sing. 

Ordnance  and  models: — Two  3-pounder  brass  orna- 
mented guns,  with  carriage  complete,  from  KumooL 

Two  brass  guns,  lelah,  or  swivel  guns,  as  used  by  Malay 
prahus.     Forwarded  from  Singapore. 

Models  of  two  brass  guns  and  carriages,  from  Mysore. 

Models  of  two  oriental  brass  guns. 

Various  models  of  the  artillery  of  the  Indian  army, 
from  the  three  Presidencies.  From  the  military  stores, 
East  India  House« 

'*  Tent,  maottfiKJtured  at  the  Jubulpore  School  of  Indus- 
try. The  whole  of  the  materials  used  in  constructing  this 
tent  hav^  been  manufactured,  and  the  tent  itself  has  been 
built  by  Thugs,  and  the  sons  of  Thugs,  who  have  learned 
their  several  trades  in  the  Jubulpore  Government  Insti- 
tution. The  fact  of  its  being  throughout  the  work  of  re- 
claimed murderers,  who  only  a  few  years  a^  subsisted  on 
their  fellow-men,  and  of  their  progeny,  who,  but  for  the 
measures  of  a  benevolent  government,  would  assuredly 
have  followed  the  same  trade,  will,  it  is  hoped,  obtain  for 
it  an  interest  which  neither  the  materials  or  construction 
oould  otherwise  have  done." 


Class  IX. — Agricultural  and  Horticultural  McKhincs  and 

Implements. 

Wooden  models  of  two  kinds  of  ploughs  and  carts,  from 
Bengal. 


Agricultural  implements  used  in  Tenasserim  Provinces : 
— PK>ugh,  harrow,  hoe,  spade,  sickle,  rake,  and  bamboo 
stick  covered  at  one  end. 

Agricultiural  implements  used  in  Kemaon,  North-west 
Provinces :  — Plough,  yoke,  whip,  mattock,  hoe,  rake, 
muzzle,  shovel,  rei^ing-hook,  chopper,  axe,  and  ootUm- 
deaner. 

Agricultural  implements  used  in  Hooghly,  Lower  Ben- 
gal : — Plough,  yoke,  harrow,  ladder  UM>d  as  a  hanroir, 
weeding  instrument,  plank  on  which  paddy  is  beaten  out, 
tripod  stand  for  the  same^  and  broom  for  sweeping  the 
grain. 

Model  of  Mahratta  plough. 

Models  of  a  plough  and  a  harrow,  from  Lahore. 

Model  of  a  drill-plough,  from  Broach. 

Plouffhs  of  various  descriptions,  from  NepauL 

Ironhoes,  grass-scraper,  small  hoe,  pickaxe,  and  axe  to 
cut  wood,  from  NepauL 

Models  of  a  plough,  a  harrow,  and  scarifier,  to  be  drawn 
by  buffaloes,  from  Malacca.  These  are  used  hj  the  natives 
of  Malacca.  The  scarifier  is  drawn  by  one  or  two  bufla- 
loes,  and  employed  in  cleaning  from  weeda  and  laUang  the 
groimd  that  nas  already  been  broken  up  by  the  plou^ 

Model  of  a  ohunghol,  or  lai^  hoe ;  model  or  a  sort  of 
Bcjthe ;  of  a  paddy  reaper,  and  of  a  ratan  cutter ;  from 
Malacca.  The  chungul  is  in  very  general  uae  among  the 
labourers  of  the  Straits  Settlements,  and  the  acythe  is  used 
in  cleaning  the  lallang,  or  coarse  graaa  and  faroahwood 
from  lands  that  have  l^en  allowed  to  lie  fidlow,  prapara- 
tory  to  re-cultivation. — ^All  forwarded  bj  the  Smgapoiv 
Committee. 

Model  of  a  rice-husking  maohhw ;  of  a  hnabamdman 
with  agricultural  implements :  of  two  hanrowa  and  a 
plough ;  and  of  a  harrow  to  be  drawn  bj  ImffUrwa,  from 
MouTmein. 

Models  of  agricultural  implemeoata,  earta,  miDa;  fte. 
This  is  a  collection  from  Belnum.  Thflj  ara  a  prirale 
contribution  from  H.  Beevea,  Esq.,  odOactor  of  Beigaam, 
who  has  accompanied  them  by  the  foUowiiiig  deaoqh 
tion: — 

Detcription  of  Models  of  .Flirm  Impiememfff  ^^  ""^  ** 
the  Southern  Mahratta  Commfry, 

1  Bazaar  cart,  or  gharree.  This  vehicle  haa  been  much 
improved  since  the  European  camps  have  been  eatabliahed. 
Th^  are  used  for  the  transport  of  goods  from  station  lo 
station,  and  for  carrying  timber.  QeaanLQj  drmwn  by 
two  bullocks. 

2  Cotton  press.  There  is  no  description  of  the  cotton 
press. 

3  Oil  mill  or  ghannah,  used  for  the  pmrpoee  of  extures 
ing  oil  from  different  kinds  of  seeds.  Tfaia  marhme  is 
drawn  by  one,  two,  or  three  bullocks,  according  to  its 
size.  The  most  common  size  is  for  two,  and  a  pair  oi 
buffaloes  are  the  animals  generallv  used.  The  block  of 
wood  excavated  is  first  set  into  the  ground,  and  firmlj 
fixed ;  the  pole  or  friction  shaft  is  then  introduced,  and 
the  portion  with  the  small  chain  on  it  is  then  a^uated  by 
placmg  the  top  of  the  friction  pole  into  a  small  hole  ma^ 
for  the  purpose.  The  seed  for  oil  is  then  placed  in  the 
hollow  of  the  block,  and  when  the  oil  b^;in8  to  ooze  from 
it,  it  is  dipped  or  mopped  out  by  a  smaU  bundle  of  rags, 
and  the  oil  squeezed  from  this  into  a  vesseL  Each  portion 
of  this  machine  is  numbered  so  as  to  correspond  with  the 
block  or  principal  portion. 

4  Wuddars  cart  or  gharree.  These  are  frequently  made 
without  one  particle  of  iron  in  their  construction,  and 
drawn  by  two  buffaloes.  They  are  used  by  a  peculiar 
race  of  people,  called  Wuddars,  wlio  never  hve  in  houses, 
but  travel  from  village  to  village,  and  find  employment  in 
supplying  the  inhabitants  with  stone,  timber,  and  other 
materials  for  building,  which  they  bring  on  these  carts. 

6  Thrashing  floor  or  kullie.  This  model  doos  not 
rightly  represent  the  kullie,  as  it  is  simply  a  circle  cleared 
on  the  bare  soil,  with  a  pole  sot  up  in  the  centre  to  fasten 
the  bullocks  to,  as  many  bullocks  as  the  ryut  has  ;  often 
his  cows  and  milch  buffaloes  are  futened  to  it  and  lued. 


I 


/ 


]>KPK2n>ENaE8.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


918 


The  Munffon  and  Akm  are  used  in  moying  up  the  grain 
■talks  wluJst  the  hulloclu  are  moying  round. 

6  Farm  cart  or  gharree,  or  ooontee  for  six  or  eight  bul- 
locks. Farm  cart  or  gharree.  Six,  eight,  ten,  and  sometimes 
AS  many  as  tweWe  bullocks  are  harnessed  to  these  carts ; 
thej  are  used  for  all  fiiurm  purposes.  The  small  bundle  of 
things  marked  with  its  numb^  wiU  fit  it  up  for  carrying 
grass,  or  haj,  or  grain  in  sheaf.  It  b  looked  on  bj  the 
satires  as  a  perfect  fortune  to  have  one  of  these  in  the 
familj,  and  thej  are  handed  down  firom  father  to  son  as 
math. 

7  Pair  of  buUocks.  There  is  no  description  of  the  kind 
of  bollocks. 

8  The  plough,  kuntee,  or  nagur.  This  implement  is 
hut  sddom  us«l  in  the  black  soil;  and  when  used  is  reallj 
of  such  little  senrice  to  the  Umd,  that  the  time  is  nearly 
Uirown  away.  It  is  drawn  by  two  bullocks,  the  man 
generally  keying  his  foot  on  the  plough  to  keep  it  in  the 
•oiL 

9  Coontee  or  balUsalL  Indian  harrow  or  ballisall. 
This  is  simihur  in  construction  to  the  coontee,  but  the  iron 
hlade  is  made  narrower  and  lighter ;  its  use  is  to  follow 
the  ooorgee  in  planting ;  drawn  by  two  bullocks,  it  levels 
the  soil,  oorers  in  the  seed,  and,  if  properly  handled,  does 
its  work  perfectly. 

10.  Coorsee,  or  drill  plough,  for  planting  rice.  This 
implement  is  drawn  by  two  biulocks,  and  the  seed  is  placed 
hr  the  hand  into  the  cup  at  the  top,  when  it  passes  through 
the  bamboo  pipes  into  the  grouna. 

11  Coorgee  for  planting  wheat,  &c  This  implement 
is  drawn  bj  two  bullocks,  and  fiod  with  the  grain  in  the 
Mune  manner  as  the  rice  coorgee.  The  bamboo  pipe  at- 
tadied  is  used  in  the  planting  of  cotton  or  dhall,  wnen  a 
woman  or  bor,  taking  it  in  their  hands,  walks  after  the 
ooofgee  to  which  it  is  fisstened  by  a  rope,  and  passes  the 
aeed  throu^  it  into  the  earth.  There  is  oft^  two  and 
three  to  ea^  cooi^gee. 

12  Gait  man. 

18  Hoot,  or  rice  weeder.  This  implement  is  drawn 
by  two  bullocks,  and  used  for  stirring  the  soil  among  the 
nee  plants,  when  their  tops  are  just  aboTe  water ;  each 
tooth  passing  between  the  rows  of  plants,  it  tears  out  the 
weeds. 

14  Coorgee  for  cotton.  Coorgee,  used  for  planting  cot- 
ton,  where  the  land  is  grassy  or  soil  heavy.  Its  only  dif- 
ference from  the  other  being  its  strength,  and  having  the 
teeth  further  asunder. 

15  Yellie  coontee.  Indian  weeding  harrow,  forjowa- 
ree,  grain,  and  other  dry  grains.  These  are  drawn  in 
pairs  by  two  bullocks,  one  man  to  each  coontee,  which  he 
guides  by  holding  the  handle  of  the  implement  in  one 
hand,  and  in  the  other  a  small  stick  with  a  fork  at  the 
end,  which  he  presses  down  on  the  coontee.  The  stalks  of 
the  grain  pass  through  the  opening  between  the  two  irons. 

16  Yelhe  coontee,  or  weeding  harrow,  for  cotton.  This 
is  similar  to  the  one  used  for  grain,  but  is  passed  only  be- 
tween the  rows. 

17  Halka  for  grass.  Used  in  the  rice-fields,  prior  to 
planting,  to  remove  weeds  and  grass  that  may  be  lying 
loose  on  the  soil ;  drawn  by  bullocks. 

18  Indian  harrow,  coontee  or  goontee.  This  is  a  very 
useful  implement,  and  were  a  eood  English  Pjpugh  used 
before  it,  the  soil  would  be  weU  prepared.  They  are  of 
different  sizes,  with  two,  four,  and  sometimes  six  bullocks, 
the  drawer  standing  on  the  implement. 

19  Byle  phullee.  This  is  drawn  over  the  land,  in  dry 
weather,  after  the  soil  has  been  ploughed  or  ooontied,  to 
level  and  break  down  the  inequahties  in  rioe  fields,  and  is 
generally  drawn  by  two  bullocks.  It  is  simply  a  plank  to 
which  a  rope  is  fastened  by  two  iron  rings,  a  man  holding 
it  nearly  perpendicular,  so  as  to  catch  the  high  portion  of 
soil,  and  draw  it  to  the  hollows. 

20  Oil-mill  man. 

21  Ilaut  fulla.  The  same  as  the  foregoing  (No.  119), 
but  used  by  manual  labour,  one  man  £«wing  it  along, 
whilst  it  is  held  perpendicular  by  a  second. 

22  Ueudora,  or  clod-breaker.    This  is  drawn  over  the 


fields  to  break  the  clods,  a  boy  or  man  generally  sitting  or 
standing  on  it  to  add  to  its  weisht. 

Ooota.  This  is  used  after  Uie  hoot  (No.  13),  and  is 
intended  to  bend  the  young  plants  down  into  the  water. 
It  is  drawn  by  bullocks  at  a  good  sharp  pace  across  the 
rows  of  plants,  and  which  is  said  to  make  them  grow 
stronger. 

23  Rake  for  kulla.    No  description  of  the  rake  for  kulla. 

24  Karta.    There  is  no  description  of  karta. 

26  Kudlie  or  pickaxe.  Those  in  use  in  this  part  of  the 
country  are  of  very  rough  make,  but  do  not  differ  in  name 
or  use. 

26  Pau  Kudlie  or  hoe,  otherwise  caUed  salkee. 

27  Saul  and  Bhaut.  Saul :  this  is  used  to  lay  out  the 
vam  after  being  spun,  and  from  which  it  is  formed  into 
nanks  by  folding  it  over  the  elbows. 

Bhaut  or  spinning  wheeL  In  this  process  the  woman 
sits  down,  with  one  hf  extended  as  the  figure  represents, 
the  fore-fincer  of  her  right  hand  is  placed  in  the  small  hole 
in  the  hancUe  of  the  rli^ut  which  she  twirls  round,  and 
with  her  left  attaches  the  bit  of  cotton  to  the  spindle, 
drawing  the  hand  back  as  the  thread  spins  out. 

28  Gx>rpa  or  grain  hook.  There  is  no  description  of 
the  coorpa. 

29  Coorpa  or  grass  hook  for  cutting  grass. 

30  Coorpa  for  weeding.  These  three  all  bear  the  name 
coorpa,  and  only  differ  according  to  the  fimcy  of  the 
owner ;  they  are  of  the  most  miserable  manufacture,  and 
generallv  worth  a  few  pice. 

31  Axie.    There  is  no  description  of  akie. 

33  Coorpa  or  cleaning  knife.  Used  in  the  removal  of 
the  soil  from  the  coonties  whilst  at  work ;  a  very  simple 
and  paltry  instrument.  Knives,  however,  being  scarce 
among  the  natives,  this  instrument  is  often  midd  very 
sharp,  and  kept  for  the  puipose  of  cutting  rope  or  other 
things  as  reouired. 

Models  of  Agricultural  Implements  and  Mills  used  by 
the  Natives  of  Sattara : — 

1  A  kind  of  harrow,  used  in  planting  sugar-cane  plants, 
and  keeping  in  order  the  fields  of  the  same. 

2  Chowphunnee  cooree,  used  in  sowing  small  grain, 
such  as  "  warree"  (a  kind  of  rice),  &c. 

8  Plouf  h,  used  in  ploughing  ground. 

4  Trephunnee  used  in  sowing  large  grain,  such  as 
gram,  &c.,  like  No.  2  ;  is  a  kind  of  drill  plough. 

5  Pair  of  Koluppce,  used  in  weeding  grass,  &c.  in  a 
grown  field. 

6  A  kind  of  liarrow,  used  in  levelling  the  ground  after 
it  is  ploughed. 

7  Kegtey,  used  in  planting  tobacco  and  chillie  plants. 

8  A  kind  of  harrow,  used  m  spreading  manure  m  fields. 

9  Oil  mill,  used  for  extracting  oiL 

10  Sugar-cane  mill,  used  for  expressing  the  juice  of  sugar- 
cane in  juice. 

11  Wheel,  used  in  drawing  water  from  wells. 


Class  X. — Musical  ItuirumetUs, 

Ghiitar,  kettle-drum,  sarindah  or  fiddle,  tomtom,  trumpet, 
flute,  cymbals,  &c.,  from  Moorshcdabad. 

Collection  of  Musical  Instruments  sent  by  Baboo  Futteh 
Narayun  Sing,  from  Benares : — 

1  Been.  2  Tumboora,  a  kind  of  drum.  8  Surrodh. 
4  Sitar.  5  Pukhoujh.  6  Dhole.  8  Two  dhookurs ;  three 
shandees,  and  a  pair  of  jhanjh  (used  in  concerts).  9 
Sarungee  and  bow,  or  Uindoostanee  fiddle.  10  Sarindah 
and  bow.     11  Chikarah  and  bow.     12  Khuniooree. 

Several  sorts  of  musical  instruments,  from  NepauL 

Kind  of  kettle-drum,  and  toogna,  from  Bhotan. 

Two  guitars,  contributed  by  tlie  Bajah  of  Jodhpore. 

Musical  instruments,  model  of  a  tsigu  wigu,  and  one 
complete,  Ac.,  from  Moulmein. 

Dyak  violins,  and  Kayen  guitar— Borneo. 

Tsoung,  or  harp,  tin  box  containing  cymbals,  model  of 
a  harp,  pc^tala,  patma,  or  Burmese  drum,  cymbab  used  in 
religious  oereroonies,  &c.,  from  Moulmein. 

1^  of  musical  initruments  from  Java,  including  gongs. 


914 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Coio^rra  ATfD 


ClABS  XI. — Manufactures. — Cotton.  • 

YariouB  pieces  of  plain  and  figured  muslins,  from  Dacca. 

Various  pieces  of  plain,  bordered,  flowered,  and  spotted 
embroidered  muslins,  from  Baboo  Soorop  Chund  Doss  of 
l)acea. 

Table-cloths,  towels,  dosootee  and  mosquito  gauze,  from 
Beerbhoom. 

Table-cloths,  napkins,  and  towels,  from  Moorshedabad. 

Various  pieces  of  cloth  sent  by  the  Maha  Bajah  of 
I^agpore ;  also  a  few  from  the  Resident,  manufacturedin  the 
dominions  of  His  Highness  the  Maha  Rajah  of  Nagpore. 
The  blue  Colour  is  obtained  from  indigo ;  the  green  from 
indigo  and  the  seed  of  the  chukora,  but  the  dye  is  not 
lasting.  The  scarlet  is  dyed  with  kossoom.  The  yellow 
colour  is  formed  of  the  flower  of  the  hussinga,  which  is 
boiled  with  a  little  turmeric,  and  the  thr^ftd  is  dyed 
previous  to  the  weaving  of  the  fabrics.  The  dark  red  is 
formed  of  indigo  and  safllower. 

Pieces  of  towelling,  table-napkins,  cotton  doth,  diaper, 
ehintzes,  and  muslins,  from  Lahore. 

Pieces  of  close-wove  muslin,  plain  and  cross-barred, 
from  Bengal. 

Gingham,  five  sorts,  from  Azimghur. 

Nepaulee  check  for  making  quilts,  from  NepauL 

Various  cloths  for  dresses ;  carpeting,  handkerchief ; 
and  difieront  colours  of  cotton  cloth,  from  NepauL 

White  cloth,  used  by  Newars  in  funeral  ceremonies  to 
wrap  up  the  body  of  the  deceased ;  and  red  doth,  used 
by  Newars  in  marriages  and  ceremonies,  from  NepauL 

Twdve  sorts  of  "  Dorea"  cloths,  variously  designated, 
and  for  different  purposes,  from  NepauL 

Canvas,  for  bags,  oc.,  and  threaos  of  different  colours, 
for  making  doths,  from  Nepaul. 

Coarse  cotton  cloth,  worn  by  fidd-labourers,  and  ex- 
ported to  Ceram  and  New  Gruinea. 

Cotton  cloths,  native  produce  by  native  tribes,  Borneo^ 
N.  W.  Coast. 
■  Cotton  cloths  and  tapes,  from  Celebes. 

Cotton  cloth,  unbleached,  from  Boutan. 
'  Cloth,  from  Sumatra. 

Several  pieces  of  cotton  cloths,  weft  native's,  warp  Eng- 
lish, and  native  dyes,  from  Java. 

Cloths,  presented  by  his  Highness  the  Sultan  of  Linga. 

Bolt  of  cotton  canvas,  Bengal. 

Naga  cloth  (cotton),  white,  black,  and  red,  for  coverings 
and  chudders ;  (sheets,)  from  Assam. 

Four  pieces  of  cloth  Mahmoodees,  two  dhooties,  white 
turban  Mundeel,  manufactured  in  the  dominions  of  the 
Rajah  of  Dholepore,  in  the  state  of  Rajpootana. 

Doriaya,  Phoolkaree,  Meetlia,  fine  clotlis  for  dresses, 
manufactured  in  the  State  of  Gwahor,  and  contributed  by 
His  Highness  the  Maharajah  Rao  Scindiah. 

Doputta,  Patul,  cloths  worn  in  lieu  of  shawls  by  ladies 
in  Gwalior,  and  contributed  by  His  Highness  the  Maha- 
rajah Rao  Scindiah. 

Dress  pieces,  called  "  pugrces,"  for  turbans,  manufac- 
tured in  the  dominions  of,  and  contributed  by,  the  Rajah 
of  Jesselmeer. 

Doputtahs,  dhooties,  one  pugrco,  three  muslins,  manu- 
fiwjtured  at  Chundeyreo.  The  cloths  are  much  worn  by 
natives  of  high  rank  ;  thev  are  costly,  and  preferred  to  the 
finest  Eiux)pean  fabrics  of  a  similar  description. 

Piece  of  coarse  checked  cotton,  coloured ;  carpeting ; 
guzzcr,  a  sort  of  cahco  ;  garah,  for  dresses ;  chintz  cover- 
lets ;  quilted  coverlets ;  lehafs  ;  doosootee,  for  bedding  and 
tents,  &c,,  from  Agra. 

Gatrah,  a  cloth  manufactured  at  Agra.  The  trade  in 
those  cloths  was  fonnerly  very  great,  but  it  has  fallen  off 
much  since  the  introduction  of  Enghsh  long  cloths.  Tlie 
annual  manufacture  at  present  does  not  exceed  10,000/. 

Calico,  ^arrflA.  Tliis  cloth  is  manufactured  throughout 
the  division  of  Agra,  and  is  chiefly  used  by  the  poorer 
classes  ;  tlio  aimiial  consumption  of  it  is  about  50,000/. 

Calico  used  by  native  ladies  for  (lresse«,  Ganga,  Saroe, 
and  Dhootees,  manufactured  in  the  division  of  Agra.  The 
annual  consumption  is  estimated  at  20,000/. 


Twelve  chintz  coverlets,  Pulkmgposh,  Fordhs,  Lebafr, 
and  Doosootics,  used  for  quilted  bed-oorcrs.  They  are 
chiefly  manuffictured  at  Futtehghor  and  Coooooj,  in  the 
division  of  Agra,  and  their  «tTinii*^l  oonsamptioii  i»  eiti- 
mated  at  10,000/. 

Cotton  doths,  from  Sindh. 

Six  sorts  of  cotton  cloths ;  cotton  doths  for  pantalooos 
and  waistbands,  from  Bdgaum. 

Cotton  doths,  from  the  Rao  of  Cutdu 

Chintz  mantle,  from  Khyrpoor. 

Two  sorts  of  cotton  sail-doth,  from  the  Bao  of  CutcL 

Cotton  fabrics  from  Ahmedabod,  Surat,  Sindh,  Bdgaimi, 
Cuteh,  and  Khyrpoor.  They  aire  manufiMstored  from 
cotton  chiefly  grown  and  spim  in  the  ootmtries  in  which 
they  are  woven.  Hardly  any  more  are  made  than  are 
required  for  home  consimiption.  English  spun-ootton  it 
much  used  in  Sindh,  Cuteh,  and  Snrat. 

Pieces  of  cotton  doth,  striped  and  chintx  pattern,  from 
Scinde. 

Fine  punjum  long-doth,  manu&ctuved  at  Jogginpettah, 
in  the  Northern  Cirears,  from  Mr.  Masters. 

Muslin,  from  Amee. 

Muslin,  manufactured  at  Oopada,  in  the  Kotihem 
Circars. 


Class  Xn.— Woollen  Mamtfaeimrm. 

Cloth  shawl,  worn  by  natives,  from  Bampora. 

Pieces  of  cloth,  from  Lucknow — ^EQs  Majesty  the  Emg 
of  Oudo. 

Woollen  doth,  striped  and  diecked,  kid  doth,  Ouh- 
mere  and  shawl  doths,  from  Lahore. 

Box  of  wool  and  piece  of  camd  cloth,  from  Sdnde. 

Superior  blue  doth,  from  SouUi  Ajroot. 

Cumbleys,  blankets,  &c.,  from  the  Ceded  Districts. 

Blanket,  half-breed  merino  and  butt  wool,  from  Hooo- 
soor  in  Mysore. 

Blanket,  half-breed  woof  and  of  oonmum  ooimtrj  wool, 
from  Hoonsoor  in  Mysore. 

Wool  thread  of  shawls,  from  Bhotan. 

Piece  of  Pachin  woollen  doth,  from  Jaomla. 

Piece  of  goat*8  wool,  of  various  colours,  fitnn  Shiling. 

Piece  of  goat's  wool,  of  Toos,  from  NepauL 

Cloth  made  by  the  Kirantees  in  the  East,  from  Kirsnt 

Cloth  of  coarser  cloth,  from  N^)aul  and  Bhoolan. 

Woollen  string,  Hakpa  with  Ghoongroo,  from  NepauL 

Blankets  of  wool  and  Asun  wool,  by  the  Bajahs  of 
Jodhpore,  Jypore,  and  Jesselmeer,  from  Marwar. 

Several  sorts  of  blankets,  from  Bhotan  and  Kadihar. 

Specimens  of  articles  commonly  imported  from  G«rtok 
to  Bageswar,  by  the  Jwari  Bhotiyas,  brought  by  lirut. 
Strachey,  Bengal  Engineers,  from  Tibet : — 

Kashmiri  Pattu,  of  coarse  shawl  wool,  from  TTaiJiTnty 
md  Ladak. 

Coarse  brown  shawl,  of  goat's  wool,  from  BaltL 

White  shawl,  of  goat's  and  ibex  wo<^  from  Balti  or 
Kashmir. 

The  same,  made  up  into  a  gown.  Thick  woollen  stuff 
in  coloured  stripe,  from  Ussang. 

White  and  coarse  Nambu,  for  dothes.  Coarse  grry 
Pats;  black  and  coloured  stripes,  for  sacks,  &/c^  from 
Nari  Khorsum. 

Black  Nambu,  for  clothes,  from  Ladak. 

Linzi. — Coarse  China  silks,  from  Yarkund. 

Felted  cloaks,  called  Baranees,  from  GK>ruckpore. 


Class  'Slli.^SUk  and  VelveL 

Zhip  (Turk).  Sikim  (Ladak).— Silk  from  Khotcn.— 
Lieut.  Strachey. 

Silk  thread  and  twine,  and  pieces  of  silk  doths,  Tariously 
designated,  from  Moorshedabad. 

Printed  silk  handkerchief,  twelve  varieties.  Chopper 
The  silk  handkerchiefs  are  made  at  Berluunpore,  in  the 
division  of  Moorshedabad ;  the  printing  done  near  Cal- 
cutta. They  form  an  artide  oi  considerable  export  to 
Europe  and  America. 


Depexdenciss.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


915 


CoMimbftzar  silk  oorahB,  and  skeins  of  raw  silk. — Messrs. 
Tardon,  of  Soojapore. 

Pieces  of  silk  hiuidkerchiefs,  from  Moorshedabad. 

Two  bundles,  containing  two  seers  of  coloured  silk. 

Striped  silk,  of  sorts ;  plain  silk,  of  sorts ;  silk  scarfis ; 
and  silk  cloth ;  from  Lahore  and  Rajah  of  Fattiala. 

Silk  scarfs,  striped  silk  of  various  sorts  and  colours, 
Ac.,  from  Lahore. 

Six  varieties  of  Tussar  silk  cloth,  produced  in  the  district 
of  Bhaugulporc,  in  the  division  of  ratna. 
.  Twilled  silk,  cloth  Tussar,  manufactured  in  the  district 
of  Beerbhoom,  in  the  division  of  Moorshedabad. 

Raw  and  coloured  silks ;  raw  silk  and  thread  from  the 
eastor-oil  worm ;  Mun^ah  and  Ariah  silks ;  scarfs ;  waist- 
doths ;  and  bed-curtams ;  larom  Assam. 

Pieoes  of  different  coloured  silk,  complete  assortment 
of  raw  silk,  and  piece  goods. — D.  Jardine,  Esq.,  Calcutta. 

Lady's  flowered  and  Tartan  silk  dress  piece ;  two  pair 
of  silk  scarfs,  with  flowered  border;  firom  Bancoorah 
district,  Moorshedabad. 

Bed  and  vellow  satin. — ^Manufiu;tured  in  Cutch.  The 
mw  material  from  China.    The  silk  is  dyed  in  Cutch. 

Silks  (Cutch).  Manu&ctured  chiefly  for  home  con- 
sumption. The  raw  material  frx>m  Cluna  and  Calcutta. 
The  silk  piece  called  "  Elacho"  is  manufactured  principally 
lor  exportation  to  Zanzibar. 

Silk  gown  pieoes,  from  Tanna.  These  are  imitations  of 
English  silks.  The  raw  material  comes  fit>m  China,  and 
is  G^ed  at  Tanna. 

Silk  (Sindh).  Chieflv  manufiictured  for  home  consump- 
tion, from  raw  material  brought  from  China. 

Loongeee  (Sindh).  Two  were  brought  from  Kurrachee, 
azid  two  were  expressly  ordered  for  the  Exhibition,  and 
were  manufactured  at  Tatta. 

Piece  of  silk,  from  Poona.  This  is  a  vexy  curiously  woven 
silk,  being  of  two  colours,  one  side  red,  the  other  green ; 
it  is  called  ^  pytanee.*'  The  raw  material  is  brought  from 
China  or  Calcutta,  and  dyed  in  Poona. 

No.  2  are  nine  patterns  of  silk  of  an  inferior  manu- 
frcture  to  that  mentioned. 

Silks  (Surat).  These  are  manufactured  in  China,  and 
dyed  at  Surat.  No  mention  is  made  of  the  quantity  manu- 
fiM^ured  for  home  consumption,  or  for  exportation.  They 
are  the  common  patterns  worn  by  the  Parsee  women  in 
Bombav. 

Purpie  silk,  scarlet  on  one  side,  uid  small  patterns  of 
silks  for  choolies,  fi-om  Ahmednuggur.  These  are  made  at 
Yeola,  a  place  famed  for  the  manufacture  of  silks.  The 
value  of  tne  silks  made  annually  at  that  place  is  stated  to 
be  from  two  to  two  and  a  half  lacs  of  rupees. 

**  Of  this,  a  quarter  of  a  lac  in  value  is  consumed  in  the 
Ahmednuggur  Zilla ;  half  a  lac  is  sold  at  the  fisdr  of  Mo- 
heem,  in  Kandish,  for  transmission  to  Indorc,  Oojicn, 
Cutch,  Bombay,  Surat,  and  other  places  in  India ;  quarter 
of  a  lac  goes  to  Berar ;  10,000  rupees  worth  to  Shola- 
poor ;  quarter  of  a  lac  is  made  up  into  borders,  &c.,  of 
cotton  piece  goods  locally  consumed  in  the  neighbouring 
districts ;  and  the  balance  is  said  to  consist  of  silks  dyed, 
bat  unfinished,  which  are  exported  from  Yeola  to  other 
places  for  completion." 

**The  raw  silk  comes  from  Cliina.  The  dyestuffs, 
except  a  portion  of  indigo  (produce  of  Kandcish),  and  a 
few  unimportant  ingredients,  are  likewise  imported  through 
Bombay.^' 

Pieces  of  ribbon,  from  Ahmedabad.  The  materials  from 
which  these  are  made,  and  the  red  dye,  arc  imported  from 
the  places  just  mentioned.  The  value  per  annum  of  those 
manufactured  for  Ahmedabad  amounts  to  20,000  rupees ; 
of  those  manufactured  for  exportation,  100,000  rupees. 
They  are  sent  to  Baroda,  Bombay,  Bajpootana,  Gwalior, 
and  all  parts  of  Quzcrat. 

Raw  silk  (three  specimens),  from  Aximghur. 

Silk  manufactured  at  Bangalore. 

Different  colours  of  silk  threads,  from  Cuddapah. 

Various  pieoes  of  coloured  silks,  of  different  designs 
and  patterns,  from  Nopnul. 

Pieeos  of  nxl  silk,  from  Bhotan. 


Pieoes  of  yellow,  orange,  and  black  silk,  frcmi  NepauL 
Salendong  silk,  from  Acheen,  Sumatra. 
Sarongs  or  petticoat  silks,  from  Palfimhttag  and  Acheen, 
Sumatra. 

Silk  cloth,  from  Camboja. 

Trousers'  silk,  from  Acheen,  Sumatra. 

Silk  tape,  from  Celebes. 


Class  XIV.—J£an«faciwres  from  SubitUutet  for  Flax^ 

Sdmpf  qC, 

Two  coils  of  Jute  rope ;  bolt  of  Chandemagore  hemp 
canvas ;  bolt  of  hemp  and  cotton  canvas — Bengal 

Rigging  of  Bombay  hemp ;  warm  and  cold  register  coir 
rigging  (first  manufactured  in  India)  ;  Jubbulpore  hemp ; 
Dmmchee  hemp  rope ;  and  pine-apple  flax  rope — ^pre- 
sented by  the  manufacturers,  Messrs.  W .  H.  Harton  &  Co., 
of  Calcutta — from  Calcutta. 

Gxumy  or  sackcloth,  from  pai,  or  Corchonu  olitorims. 
Gunny  and  other  cloths  from  plantain  fibre,  from  Madras. 

Canvas  from  Wackanoor  or  Waokoo  nar  fibre,  from 
Travanoore. 

Two  bundles  of  cotton,  canvas,  and  rope,  from  Bengal 

Specimens  of  cordage  from  fibres  of  various  plants. — 
(See  Fibres,  Class  IV.  (F.) 

Ropes  prepared  from  the  Dhancheef  or  JSteh^nomane 
cafmabina. — ^Messrs.  Thompson  and  Co.,  of  Calcutta. 

Cordage  from  Buiea  frondosa^  Beerbhoom. 

Cordage  from  Bauhima  racemowa^  Bhaugulpore. 

Cordage  prepared  from,  vegetable  substances  by  the 
natives  of  the  province  of  Arracan. 

Bark  cloth,  manufiictured  by  the  Semangs  or  Oriental 
negro  tribes,  from.  Kedah,  Malay  Peninsula. 

Bark  cloth,  made  from  the  bark  of  the  paper  mulbeny, 
from  Kailli,  west  coast  of  Celebes. 

Bark  doth,  made  from.  Papyrus  bark,  from  Java. 

Cloth  manufiictured  by  Aniuras  from  native  fibres. 


Class  XV.— Jftx^;  Fahriet,  including  SkawU  and  8carf$. 

Silver  enwrapped,  plain  gilt,  and  silvered  turbans — from 
Calcutta. 

Fine  cloths  for  dresses,  shawls,  and  turbans ;  gold  em- 
broidered cloths  worn  by  Rajpoots,  and  used  for  turbans — 
sent  by  Maha  Rajah  Rao  Scmdiah. 

Several  pairs  of  sheets,  embroidered  with  gold  and  silver, 
and  gold  and  silk,  and  a  turban  with  gold  ends — from 
Bengal 

Piece  of  gold  cloth ;  silver  tinsel  stamped  ;  gold  edging; 
and  silver  edging,  rose  coloured — from  Benares. 

Head  covering  worked  with  gold  and  silver  tinsel ;  the 
same,  with  gold  dyed  purple  tinsel ;  the  same,  with  sky- 
blue  bobbinet  spangled  tinsel — from  Benares. 

Oold  embroidered  manufactures — from  Benares. 

Silk  dress-piece,  worked  with  gold  and  silver ;  scarlet 
silk  dress-piece,  worked  up  with  suk  in  needle  in  imitation 
of  China  work — from  Calcutta. 

Embroidered  flowered  silk  and  silk  embroidered  sareo^ 
from  Agra. 

Embroidered  shawls  and  embroidered  scarfs,  from 
Dacca. 

Embroidered  and  net  scarfs;  net  square  and  three- 
cornered  ;  neck  scarfs ;  musUn,  embroidered  in  gold  and 
in  silver ;  net  scarf^  embroidered  in  gold  for  head-dresses; 
net  scarf,  embroidered  in  silver — from  Dacca. 

Qold  embroidered  muslin  and  net  scarfs;  net  scarf, 
embroidered  in  silver ;  Jamdanee  scarfs — from  Dacca. 

Rich  kincob  or  brocade,  Ac.,  from  Benares,  exliibited  by 
Baboo  Deo  Naryan  and  Gopinauth  Dcbcersaad,  &c. 

Cashmere  sliawl,  worked  in  green,  crimson,  blue,  and 
scarlet,  and  embroidered  in  gold  and  silver. — A.  Emerson, 

Esq. 

Long  shawls,  red  and  green,  and  worked  with  needle ; 
square  cashmere  shawls,  from  Loodianah. 

Long  and  other  shawls,  from  Cashmere. 

Long  shawls,  white;  square  shawls,  blsck,  blue,  and 
figuztx^  from  Maha  Rajah  Goolab  Sing,  of  Cssbmcve. 


916 


EAST  INDIES. 


[C0LOKIK8  A!n> 


Tinsel  tape,  ribbon,  and  thread,  firom  Lahore. 
Caps,  embroiderod  with  gold  and  pearls;  with  other 
fikbrios,  fipom  Benares. 

Half  shawls  and  scarfs  worked  with  gold,  silrer,  and 
silk,  firom  Delhi  and  firom  Bajpootana. 

Long,  square,  and  small  shawls,  green,  blue,  and  black; 
-worked  shawls,  red,  with  pearls,  from  Oashmere. 

Shawls,  black,  white,  and  red ;  shawl  scarf— firom  Bajah 
of  Pattiala. 

In&nt's  robe,  embroidered  grass  cloth — fix)m  Birs. 
Marshman,  Serampore. 

Muslin  mantillas,  jackets,  and  collars  ;  pine-apple  cloth 
and  collars ;  muslin  caps ;  pine-apple  cloth  caps ;  firock 
bodies  and  sleeres — embroidered;  worked  bj  natires  of 
CSalcutta. 

Waistcoat  dhootee,  cotton  and  munsa  mixed ;  chupcun 
or  oyerallcoat;  scaHEs,  gold  bordered,  and  embroioered 
in  ffold — ^firom  Assam. 

A  puUa,  doputta,  &c.,  for  dresses,  firom  Agra. 

Shawls  of  yarious  colours  and  patterns — firom  Bajah 
of  Dholepore. 

Straw-coloured,  lilac,  red,  and  crimson  kincobs;  red 
and  white  mundeels ;  striped,  green,  red,  and  saree  red 
lailahs  ;  maymoodee ;  and  dhoties,  with  silk  border — ^firom 
B^ah  of  Dholepore. 

Mooltan  and  cotton  and  Cashmere  scarfis,  firom  Lahore 
and  Cashmere. 

Scarfs  of  different  colours,  firom  Maha  Baja  €kx>lab 
Sinff  of  Cashmere. 

^arfs,  &c.,  fix>m  Huzara.    Major  Abbott. 

Figured  cloth,  fi^m  Khyrpoor. 

Waistcoat  piece ;  cap  pieces ;  tinsel  ribbons ;  bed 
strines  ;  strings  for  the  nair,  firom  Lahore. 

Mixed  silk  and  cotton,  imitation  Sultaree  silk. 

Mooltan  tambour  work  ;  Mooltan  busmedars. 

Borhanpore  fiibric  brocade,  and  pattern  of  same,  firom 
Indore. 

Fabrics  firom  Boorhanpoor.  "  "So.  1  was  made  to  the 
order  of  her  Highness  the  Baizee  Ball,  for  one  of  the 
presents  to  Maharajah  Sindiah  on  his  marriage.  The 
price  charged  her  Highness  was  1,000  rupees  (Chundaree) ; 
but  the  r^  yalue  is  550  rupees  (Cor). 

**  Nos.  2  and  3  are  also  manufactured  at  Boorhanpoor. 
The  thread  (cotton  and  silk  and  gold),  of  which  they  are 
made,  is  prepared  at  Boorhanpoor.  No  mention  is  made 
of  the  places  from,  which  the  materials  originally  come.*' — 
Bombay  Report, 

Bro<^es,  silk  and  gold,  from  Ahmedabad. 

Fabric  of  silk  and  gold  fi-om  Ahmedabad.  The  silk 
firom  which  these  brocades  are  manufactured  comes  firom 
China,  Bassorah,  and  Calcutta.  Thegold  and  silver  thread 
is  manufiictured  at  Ahmedabad.  The  cochineal  for  the 
red  dye  from.  England.  The  quantity  of  these  brocades, 
manu£Bk;tured  for  home  consumption,  is  about  40,000  ru- 
pees* worth  per  annum.  The  average  value  of  that  ex- 
ported, about  800,000  rupees*  worth  per  annum.  They 
are  exported — to  India,  Bombay,  Baroda,  Poona,  QwaUor, 
Hydrabad,  and  Bajpootana.  Out  of  India — to  Sindh, 
Cabool,  Arabia,  Persia,  and  China. 

Square  shawl  fi^m  Seth  Khumr  Chund,  of  Ahmedabad. 

Loongee,  with  gold  thread  border,  and  sold  thread, 
green,  red,  white,  and  yellow ;  the  same,  red,  black,  and 
yellow,  firom  Scinde. 

Pattern  green  and  orange  silk,  with  gold  thread ;  piece  of 
green  silk,  with  gold  thread — from  Ahmednuggur. 

Silk  scarf  fix)m  China  produce,  and  raw  pine-apple  silk, 
chickoned,  and  worked  by  Mussulmen ;  worked  muslin 
dresses ;  beetle- wing  dresses  ;  lace  scarf — fi^m  Madras. 

Fine  eottar  muslin,  with  gold  lace  border ;  cottar  muslin, 
unwashed,  with  gold  lace  border — firom  Travancore. 

Kincob  silk,  from  Trichinopoly. 

Cloths  woven,  plain  red,  with  silk ;  cloths  woven,  purple 
and  black ;  cloths  woven,  red,  with  lace — firom  Guntoor. 

Scarfs,  embroidered  with  gold  thread,  finom  Xringanee 
and  Pabang,  Malay  Peninsula. 

Silk  handkerDbiefii  and  shawls,  firom  Tringanee,  Lingy, 
and  Timor. 


Scarfii,  cotton,  and  d^es  of  native  growth;  raw  silk 
firom  the  continent  of  Asia — ^from  Sumatra. 

Salendongs  silk,  firom  Acheen,  Sumatra. 

Embroidered  cloth,  firom  China,  and  embroidaped  tape^ 
firom  Celebes,  forwarded  from  Singapore. 

Turbans  and  lailahs — from.  ToiL 

Pieces  of  silk  and  cotton  manufacture. 

Piece  of  chequered  cloth,  silk  and  cotton. 


CLAB8  'SNl.— Leather,  inelmdimg  Saddlerj  amd  Hi 
Skins  i  Fwr$:  I^mthers;  and  Hair, 


Embroidered  elephant  trappings  in  Telvet,  and  frontal 
piece ;  embroidered  awning  m  velvet,  with  embraiiieved 
cloth  carpet;  saddle-doth  in  green  velvet,  and  embroi- 
dered in  gold,  with  head-stall  to  match,  and  rein — from 
Moorshedabad. 

Mahratta  saddle  embroidered  with  gold  and  tilrfr 
thread,  and  accoutrements  complete,  as  used  br  the  Kah- 
ratta  nobility — ^from  Maha  B^ah  Biao  Seindiah. 

Horses*  bits ;  reins  for  a  bridle ;  saddle-doth  stall  and 
crupper. 

StEuldle-cloth,  flpreen  and  gold,  vrith  head-fltall  and 
crupper,  all  studded  with  gilt  naila — ^finom  tiia  Bajah  of 
KottOi. 

A  complete  set  of  single  hameaa^  belonging  to  the 
"  Ekka,*'  or  native  oonveyanoe,  No.  1365,  mannfiurtiirrd 
in  the  division  of  Paina.  Presented  by  Synd  Loft  Afi 
Khan. 

Saddle-cloth  Tfloss  silk  and  wodlen) — from  Sotah. 

Mahratta  leather  and  water-bag. 

Embroidered  saddle  firom  Ehattiawar.  Tliis  ia  one  of 
the  saddles  used  by  the  Khattys  of  KTiattiawar,  the  de- 
scendants of  a  tribe  of  fireebootera,  whose  bogsca  were 
fimious  for  their  endurance,  and  the  extraordinaiy  kngtk 
of  marches  that  could  be  performed  with  them. 

One  set  of  harness,  for  gig  or  stanhope  ;  alao  two  psir 
of  boots,  as  specimens  of  the  workmanahap  of  CUcnlla 
workmen.  "  The  harness  is  entirely  of  oountiy  materiais, 
with  the  exception  of  the  japan  leather,  whidi  ia  Rngiish, 
The  leather  is  of  the  up-country  bullock  hidea,  tanned  in 
our  own  tan-yard,  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Calcutta,  with 
the  *  bauble*  bark,  called,  we  believe,  the  '  prickly  mi- 
mosa ;*  the  plated  fiimiture  and  arms  of  Great  Britaia 
are  made  up  on  our  own  premises  by  native  artiste.  One 
pair  of  boots  are  made  with  French  japan  leaUier  and 
morocco  legs,  and  the  soles,  &c.,  of  country  leather ;  the 
other  pair  of  enamelled  leather  of  our  own  manufrctme, 
uid  entirely  of  country  materials  and  native  workmanshm.** 
— Extract  of  a  letter  from  Messrs.  James  Monieiik  4*  Os^t 
dated  Calcutta,  7th  March,  1851. 

Bengalee-made  horsewhips. 

Buffalo  leather,  manufiu;tured  for  the  -puTpdae  of  armv 
accoutrements;  Bengal  cow-hide,  and  a  calf-skin,  both 
tanned  with  the  bark  of  the  Babool  tree,  dressed  and 
patent  enamelled,  for  the  purposes  of  carriages,  and  boot 
and  shoe  makers ;  specimens  of  Bengal  cow-hide,  aimilarly 
tanned  with  the  same  substance,  the  former  dreaaed  blad^ 
the  two  latter  brown ;  half  a  buf(ak>-hide,  tanned  with 
Babool  bark,  suited  for  boot  and  shoe  makers,  and  ma- 
chinery ;  half  a  Bengal  buffalo-hide,  similarly  tanned,  and 
suited  for  harness  and  other  purposes ;  half  a  builalo-hide, 
used  for  belts,  and  other  purposes  of  machinery ;  lialf  a 
bufialo-hide,  dressed  and  blackened  for  the  preparation  of 
horse  harness ;  Bengal  cow-hide,  used  in  the  preparation 
of  saddlexy;  Bengal  calf-skin,  dressed  brown,  for  shoe 
and  harness-making  purposes;  Bexuzal  sheep-skins,  foe 
shoe  and  harness-makers*  purposes — nom  Messrs.  Tkii.  ^ 
Co.,  of  Calcutta. 

Tanned  bison  skin — from  Mysore. 

Buffalo-hide,  tanned  and  dressed  black ;  bullock-hide, 
tanned  and  dressed  black,  for  shoe  uppers ;  tanned  an<1 
dressed  brown  and  black,  for  caps,  baes,  &c. ;  bullook- 
hide,  tanned  and  dressed,  buffed ;  Neilghery  bufialo-hide, 
buffed — fix)m  Hoonsoor,  in  Mysore, 

Dyed  hides  of  fine  colour — from  the  Bao  of  Cutch. 

Saddle,  &c.,  complete — ^firom  Lahore. 


Defendexcies.  ] 


EAST  INDIES. 


917 


Gamers  saddle,  and  horse  saddle,  with  trappings  com- 
plete^firom  Marwar. 

Raw  fisathers ;  boas ;  artificial  flowers ;  tippets,  manu- 
factured hj  natrres ;  grer,  white,  black,  ana  swansdown 
boas ;  grey  and  white  muffs ;  Commercolly  muffs ;  iur  mufik 
for  the  neck ;  victorines — ^from  CommerooUy,  BengaL 


Class  XYII.— P<^>0r,  Statioimy,  Bookbinding,  PrinUng, 

Sfc. 

'  Paper  made  firom  DaplmB  ecmnabina — ^from  Kemaon. 
It  is  remarkable  for  its  strength,  and  afibrds  better  pro- 
tection against  dampness  than  wax  doth. 

Kamptee  paper — firom  Assam. 

Sbeets  of  paper,  Nepalee  Kaguj — ^firom  NepauL 

Sheets,  both  coarse  and  fine,  and  of  Tcry  la^  size,  made 
from  the  inner  bark  of  Daphne  eannabina,  exhibited  bj 
Lieot.-CoL  Srkes  and  bj  Lieut.  Strachej. 

Rolls  of  coloured  paper — firom  Lahore. 

Paper,  firom  plantain  fibre,  and  from  hyrge  aloe  or  agare 
— from  Dr.  Hunter,  of  Madras. 

Nine  sorts  of  paper — ^from  Ahmedabad. 

**  Countrj  paper,"  as  it  is  termed,  is  manu&ctured  to  a 
great  extent  at  Ahmedabad,  and  forms  a  considerable 
article  of  export  from  that  citj.  The  manufacturers  admit 
that  upwards  of  20,000  rupees'  worth  of  paper  is  annually 
exported  to  Bombay  alone,  and  about  15,000  rupees' 
worth  to  Baroda.  There  are  small  manufactures  of 
oountify  jiaper  at  Kairie,  Baroda,  and  Selaseer,  but  chiefly 
from  renise  of  Pt^per  and  rery  little  raw  material,  and 
therefore  the  article  does  not  turn  out  good  ;  whereas,  at 
Ahmedabad,  paper  is  manufiustured  firom  hemp  tant  from 
Kerywur.  Soap  firom  the  town  of  Besulnuggur,  and  soda 
(sajee  khor) .  There  are  about  250  paper  miUs,  or  pounding 
machines,  worked  by  the  feet  This  manu&ctoiy  giTes 
employment  to  upwards  of  two  thousand  labourers  of  all 
ages  cfaily.  There  was  a  yexy  fine  kind  of  paper  formerly 
manufactured  expressly  for  posting  letten  and  bills  of 
exchange ;  but  since  the  introduction  of  fine  letter-paper 
firom  Europe,  this  sort  of  paper  is  not  manufiictured.  A 
few  quires  can  now  be  obtamed  as  specimens  of  the  manu- 
fecture  of  former  days." 

Specimens  of  bookbinding  by  a  natiye  of  Trichinopoly, 
exhioited  by  T.  E.  J.  Boileau,  Esq.,  Bombay  Civil  Senrioe. 


CuLSS  XVllI.—Fahriet  of  different  kinds,  shown  as  spe- 
cimens of  Printing  or  Dyeing, 

Though  the  arts  of  dyeing  and  of  calico-printing  hare 
been  practised  in  India  fi*om  the  earliest  times,  and  by 
some  are  supposed  eren  to  have  originated  there,  no  goods 
fasre  been  sept  expressly  as  superior  specimens  of  either 
the  one  or  the  other  art.  But  among  the  cotton,  silk, 
woollen,  and  mixed  fabrics  exhibited  as  Classes  XI.,  XII., 
Xm.,  and  XV.,  are  many  beautifully-dyed  articles,  and  a 
great  rariety  of  prints  which  may  be  admired  for  the  taste 
and  elegance  of  their  patterns.  The  early  esteem  in  which 
these  were  held  in  Europe,  is  evidenced  by  the  oriental 
names  of  many  of  these  Indian  goods  being  applied  even 
in  the  present  day  to  these  English  imitations.  The  art 
of  dyeing  is  stfll  in  a  rude  state  in  India,  as  far  as 
the  methods  adopted  are  concerned ;  yet  if  we  look  at  the 
results  which  are  attained,  they  are  not  to  be  despised  eren 
by  the  side  of  the  scientific  dyeing  of  the  west.  But  in 
the  management  of  colours,  the  skill  with  which  a  number 
are  employed,  and  the  taste  with  which  they  are  harmo- 
nised, whether  in  their  cottons  or  their  carpets,  their  silks 
or  their  shawls,  Europe  has  nothing  to  teach,  but  a  great 
deal  to  learn. 


Class  XDL — Tapestry,  including  Carpets  and  Floor* 
cloths,  Ixice  and  Embroidery, 

Gold  embroidered  velvet  carpet,  with  a  long  and  two 


square  pillows,  forming  a  sort  of  throne  for  native  princes, 
firom  Moorshedabad. 

Musnud  cover  or  shawl,  very  richly  gold  embroidered. 

Cotton  carpets  (Satruf^ees)  of  different  sixes — ^firom 
Bengal. 

I^rsapore  woollen  carpets;  woollen  and  cotton  rugs 
— from  Mirzapore  and  Gkmickpore. 

Two  cotton  carpets — fi-om  Shah  Ahmed  of  Sasseram. 

Rug  and  hookah  carpets — ^firom  Moorshedabad. 

Cotton  carpets  and  rugs — ^from  Rungpore,  district  of 
Moorshedabaa,  and  firom  Agra. 

White,  coloured,  and  striped  blankets — firom  Assam. 

Embroidered  hookah  carpets — fi^m  BengaL 

Richly  embroidered  carpets  in  gold ;  gold  embroidered 
velvet  carpet ;  embroiderea  velvet  carpet — ^from  Benares. 

Cashmere  carpet,  silk — firom  Lahore. 

Silk-embroidered  carpet — firom  Mooltan. 

Silk  carpet,  Cashmere—  firom  Lahore. 

Carpet,  silk  Cashmere — ^firom  Cashmere. 

Carpet,  cotton — from  Mooltan,  Lahore. 

Carpet  for  silver  bed  to  stand  on ;  a  large  carpet. 
Cashmere ;  carpet — fi^m  Mahan^ah  Goolab  Singh. 

Mooltan  printed  floor-doth — ^firom  Mooltan. 

Woollen  carpets,  mounted  with  silk — from  Khyrpoor. 
These  form  a  part  of  H.  H.  Meer  Ali  Morad's  contribu- 
tion, and  were  unaccompanied  by  any  descriptive  list. 

Embroidered  silks  fix)m  Khyrpoor.  They  are  sent  by 
H.  H.  Meer  Ali  Morad.  It  is  presumed  toat  they  were 
embroidered  at  Khyrpoor,  on  manufactures  of  the  same 
district. 

Large  and  small  broad-cloth  table-covers,  embroidered 
with  silver  and  gold  thread ;  broad-cloth  table-cover  em- 
broidered with  silver  thread ;  velvet  chair-covers,  embroi- 
dered with  gold,  from  Sindh. 

Table-covers,  specimens  of  embroidery  firom  Sindh.   The 

doth  is  fi^jm  England— the  silk  firom  China.  The  town 
of  Tatta  is  most  umous  in  Sindh  for  this  work. 

Printed  cotton  carpet — from  Ahmedabad. 

Cotton  carpet — from.  Ahmedabad. 

Rugs,  wooUen — from  EUore. 

Flowered  silk  carpet — from  Madras. 

Small  woollen  and  silk  carpets — from  Tanjore. 

Silver  lace — from  Lahore. 

Broad  black  lace ;  broad,  gold,  and  silver  blonde  lace ; 
broad  and  fine  lace — from  Tntvancore. 

An  infant's  robe  of  the  finest  grass  doth,  and  em- 
broidered bv  hand,  by  natives  of  Serampore  near  Calcutta. 
Contributed  bv  Mrs.  Marshman,  of  Serampore. 

Jackets,  collars,  caps,  firocks,  boddices,  and  embroidered 
mantillas,  worked  by  natives  in  the  dty  of  Calcutta.  ^ 

Chikun  worked  flowered  muslin  chudders,  2  pieces, 
worked  by  natives  in  the  city  of  Calcutta. 

A  scarlet  silk  dress-piece,  worked  in  imitation  of  China 
embroidery.    Worked  by  natives  in  the  dty  of  Calcutta. 

Silk  scarf  tram  China  produce  and  pine-apple  fibre,  chi- 
kuncd  (embroidered)  by  Mussdmans  of  Madras.  Contri- 
buted by  Mrs.  Ghxjdsir. 

HancUerchief  of  pine-apple  fibre.  Contributed  by  Mn. 
Goodsir. 

(H)  Quilted  or  padded, 

A  quilt,  Rasaee,  and  two  pillows,  Tnkaeah.  Manu- 
factured  in  the  dominions  of  the  Maharajah  of  Jodhpoor, 
in  the  states  of  Biypootanah. 

A  quiH  entirely  worked  by  hand.  Contributed  by  tbs 
Rajah  of  Kota. 


Class  '3LSL— Articles  of  Chthing,  4w. 

JVom  BengaL^A  Kamptee  dotes  or  male  drsss.  Pst 
dhootees,  nude  dresses.  Poosoong,  Pat  silk,  a  female 
dross.  Banga,  Pat  sooria,  native  substitute  for  trousers. 
Pat  rehas,  scarf  for  females.  Bogue  pator  surah  or  dhoty, 
native  trousers.  Pat  meekla,  female  dress.  Pat  dhootees, 
male  dresses.  Areah  for  wearing  apptfeL  Areah  bhar 
kossar.  Aivah  bor  kossar,  male  and  female  dress.  Reha 
female  dress.    Reha  mikla  female  dress.  Areah,  coloured. 


918 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Colonies  axd 


Miklft,  coloured  silk.  Cloth,  red  and  white.  Gxmgera, 
red  and  white,  for  women's  dress  Mikla,  coloured. 
Munga  areah,  cotton  cloth.  Munga  dhotee,  for  men. 
Mimga  mikla,  for  females.  Munga  rea.  Munga  rea, 
scarf.  Mikla  or  Petticoat.  Dhotee.  Phakeel  tartan. — 
From  Qt>whattee,  in  Assam. 

Silk  meghankhore  for  male  dress.  Petticoat.  Hand- 
kerchief. 

A  wrapper  worn  by  both  sexes.  A  dress  worn  by 
nobility.  A  wrapper  challah  for  nobility.  Singpo  bag, 
possa,  and  tactins. 

Embroidered  caps.     Purse  worked  with  tinseL 

Fan,  worked  in  a  variety  of  embroidery,  with  silver-gilt 
handle.  Bed  silk  strings  for  trousers,  with  gold  and 
silver  tassels.  Sky-blue  bobbinet  scarf^  worked  with  silver 
and  silk.  Crimson  bobbinet  scarf.  Pair  of  crimson  bob- 
binet scarves,  worked  with  silk.  Sky-blue  bobbinet  scarf^ 
worked  with  silver.  Orange  bobbinet  scar^  worked  with 
gold.  Black  bobbinet  scarf^  worked  with  gold.  Black 
bobbinet  scar^  worked  with  gold  and  silver.  Square 
soarf^  white  bobbinet  silk.  Oruige  scarf^  gold  and  silver. 
Square  scarf,  orange,  gold  and  silver.  Square  scarf^  crim- 
son, loose  crape,  spangled.  Green  scarf.  Head-covering, 
set  with  bits  of  glass.  Head-covering,  worked  with  silk. 
Cloth  boddioe  dyed  blue.  Pair  of  doth  rings,  ornamented 
with  cowries,  for  securing  the  water-pot  on  the  head. — 
Delhi. 

Soosnee  or  quilt,  worked  by  hand,  and  made  of  Ihatia 
patum. 

Suit  of  a  native  gentleman's  apparel,  viz. :  a  gold  figured 
muslin  turban,  according  to  the  Bhoondce  shape,  a  waist- 
band to  match ;  a  pair  of  kinkob  drawers,  and  a  muslin 
Test — the  usual  drees  of  the  Bajah  of  Boondie.  Suit  of 
ladies'  apparel,  viz.:  a  handsome  petticoat,  gold  em- 
broiderea  veil  and  head-dress,  and  a  bodice  worked  with 
lace  and  tinseL  These  articles  form  the  usual  dress  of 
the  Bajah  and  Banee  of  Boondee  in  the  Bajpootana 
States,  and  have  been  contributed  by  the  Bajah. 

Doputtahs  or  garments  worn  by  ladies  of  Jeypore, 
richly  worked  in  silver,  and  printed  in  gold.  Turbans, 
called  Chundree  and  Lichruja,  worked  in  gold.  Sunga- 
har  handkerchiefs  for  tying  round  the  head;  chintzes 
for  dresses ;  waistband  cloths  ;  and  mantles  or  sheets 
worn  over  the  shoulders. — States  of  Jeypore. 

Ghoochus  or  blankets,  a  protection  against  rain.  Chuck- 
mahs  or  blankets.  Blanket  usually  spread  on  the  floor. 
Blanket  with  silk  edmng. 

Native  gentleman s  apparel,  viz.:  two  turbans,  called 
Choongroe,  made  at  Kota ;  full-dress  turban  ;  waistband, 
selah,  white  muslin  gold  flowers ;  piece  muslin,  gold 
stamped  ;  piece  brocade  kincob  for  drawers ;  and  two 
pieces  striped  muslin,  Dorecah,  for  jackets.  Ladies' 
apparel,  viz. — petticoat,  ereen  silk  stamped  with  gold; 
head-dress  and  veil,  gold  bordered;  red  veil,  figured; 
choolie  or  stays.    Worn  by  the  people  of  rank  in  Kotah. 

Pugrees,  or  turbans,  of  cf essclmcre  wooL 

Silver-worked  scarfs.  Silk  scarfs,  gold-edged,  white, 
orange,  and  puce  colour.  Silk  scarfs,  yellow  and  plimi 
colour.     Cotton  scarfs,  fix)m  Lahore. 

Women's  and  men's  shoes.  Cap  and  tasseL  Head- 
dress worn  by  Akalis,  Lahore. 

Trousers,  dresses,  scarfs,  and  shoes,  from  Maharajah 
Qoolab  Sing. 

Dress  bodice,  trousers,  undergarment,  sheet,  pair  of 
shoes,  gown,  bundle  hair-strings. — Banco  Sookhan. 

Cloak,  sheets,  turban,  pieces  sliawl  stuff",  and  scarf, 
jacket,  pantaloon-strings,  sets  bed- strings,  woollen  cap, 
waist-rope,  Cliumba  dress,  pair  sheets,  and  turbans. — 
Baja  of  Pattiala. 

Piece  Major  Abbot's  Huzara  Soojie  cloth,  Loongie. 
Caps  embroidered  with  gold  and  pearls. — Benares. 

Karoem  man's  dress.  Poongas  priest's  dress,  upper  and 
lower  garments.  Burmese  gentleman's  dress.  Kareem 
woman's  dress,  lower  garment,  and  scarfl  Burmese  ladies' 
dresses  of  the  second  class.  Upper  garment  of  colo^ut^d 
cotton.  Kareem  male  and  female  dresses.  Sandals. — 
From  Moulmein. 


Crown,  or  tig,  as  worn  by  the  Sling  of  Oude ;  without 
jewels. 

Mundil,  or  turban,  as  worn  bv  the  minister,  prince,  and 
members  of  the  royal  feunily ;  from  the  King  of  Oude. 

Doputtas  and  other  articles  of  dress.  Puggrees,  or 
turbans.  Selahs,  or  double  doputtas.  Dboties.  Kocbos, 
or  kummur  bands.  Sariee.  Piece  of  common  silk.  Gold 
and  silver  embroidered  slippers.  Common  sUppers.  Mar- 
hatta  child's  turban. — "Fiom  H.  H.  the  Maharajah  of 
Nagpore. 

Wearing  appareL  Musquito  curtains.  Native  ladies* 
dresses,  oi  wnite  and  black  watered  silk.  Set  of  bed- 
curtains,  as  used  by  the  higher  classes.  Embroidered 
waist-belt.     Coloured  muslin  turbans. 

Native  dresses.  Duneya:  cross-striped,  &c  Gudka 
chent  petticoats. — From  Agra. 

Dehli  worked  puchchassee  in  nevls. 

Bengalee  wooden  sandals.  Native-miide  slippen  and 
boots. 

Mahratta  children's  turbans,  from  Nagpore. 

Native  ladVs  bodice,  richly  embroideored.  Waisi-bcit» 
embroidered  ia  velvet  and  gold* 

Shoes  for  men  and  women. 

Waistcloths,  called  Dhotee.  Petticoats,  called  ICackekh. 
Scarves, called  Beha.  .Ornaments  for  turbans — from  4ssiin. 

jFVom  Mttdrcu  PreMeney, 

Lady's  scarf^  English  shape,  from  Yizianagrom. 

Lady's  pocket  handkerchief  of  Indian  produce,  pine- 
apple nbre,  from  Madras. 

Lady's  scarf^  English  pattern,  from  Yizianagnmu 

Native  female  clothes.  Boys'  tinsel  and  silk  caps — from 
Yizianagrum. 

Caps  (moplah),  of  sorts,  from  Calient. 

Bodices  oi  difibrent  patterns,  for  natives,  frxnn  Ksdnw. 

From  Bombay. 

A  dress  of  a  Cutch  lady  of  rank,  manu&ctured  in  Cutcfa, 
from  the  Bao  of  Cutch. 

A  complete  suit — "  The  drees  of  a  natire  (Mahomedan) 
female  of  rank,  which  has  been  made  up  and  prepared  by 
her  Highness  the  Secundee  Begum  of  BhopaL 

Dress  of  a  Hindoo  woman,  whose  husband  is  aHve. 
Manufiictured  at  Banee  Bidnoor,  in  the  Dharwar  Col- 
lectorate. 

Dress  of  a  Hindoo  widow,  Bdgaum. 

Dhoter  furuspatee  used  by  men,  Bdgaum. 

Choices  or  khuns,  &c.  Used  for  making  spenoen  for 
women  whose  husbands  are  alive;  also  the  cuvas  caDed 
purkara,  resembling  aprons,  for  girls  under  Bre  years  of 
age.  The  raw  material  is  brought  from  China  throu|^ 
Bombay,  and  is  dyed  in  the  Southern  Maratha  country. 
These  silks  are  manufiactured  almost  entirely  ior  kxal 
consimiption. 

Silk  goojees,  shirts  and  mantle,  Sdndee  hats  and  frns. 
These  articles  from  Khyrpoor  are  contributed  bj  H.  H. 
Meer  Ali  Morad. 

Choolees,  or  bodices,  and  body  garments,  from  Ahmed- 
nuggur. 

Embroidery  of  Cutch.  These  four  aprons  have  been 
worked  on  EngHsh  satin,  with  silk  imported  from  China. 

Embroidered  silk  vests  (Surat). — The  fiibric  is  worcn 
at  Surat,  from  China  silk  dyed  there,  and  then  embroidovd 
and  made  into  vests  for  the  Parsee  children  of  the  plac«. 

Boots  and  shoes  (Sindh).  These  show  the  kinds  of 
boots  and  shoes  worn  in  Sindh  and  the  neighbouring 
countries.    They  are  from  H.  H.  Meer  Ali  Moorad. 


Class  XXI.— Oi^^  amd  Edge  TooU, 

Silver-mounted  carving-knife  and  fork,  in  silver-mounted 
velvet  case — from  Trichmopoly.    A.  Freese,  Esq,  M.C.S. 

Knife — from  Cashmere. 

Carvers  and  a  set  of  dinner  and  desert  knives  of  Indian 
steel,  with  buckhom  handles  and  silver  ferules,  made  by  a 
native  iron  smith  at  Trichinopoly,  exhibited  by  T.  £.  J. 
Boiloau,  Esq.,  M.C.S. 


A 


m»«,  c»m^  A»»  «.».ira»u.i  v«»k.j  roi.  do.otc  pi™ii.. 


1    COPPtB     AND   fciRTUtNll. 


R    UOMbST       riiRI-OSES 


I 


Depekdekcikb.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


919 


Betel-nut  cutters ;  i)en  kniyes — ^firom  Benares. 

Barbor*B  utensils ;  a  case  for  instruments — from  Bengal. 

Knives  (chliooree) — Nci>aul — from  China. 

Different  sorts  of  knives  used  by  females — from  Nepaul. 

A  knife ;  another  sort  (ehipee)  to  cut  wood  ;  another 
knife,  uwd  by  Mugar  and  Oooreng  tribes ;  another  to  cut 
vegetables;  another  used  by  butchers;  razor  (ustoora) — 
from  Nepaul. 

Ilunting-knife,  vdih  buckhom  handle,  silver  mounted; 
Tolvot  case,  silver  mounttnl — from  Vizianagrum. 

Finmgicuttec ;  Nimacha;  Thagah;  Hindoostangsigah ; 
^indoovarah  soora  cutt-v ;  Gooptee ;  Finmgicutty ;  Pris- 
]if>ntzoo ;  Kygaroo ;  Kyzaroo  ;  Bakoo ;  Booranpooree ; 
Patanee  ;  Bondalekhata  ;  Sectaramporee ;  Jamdadoo ; 
(liclaneh  ;  Kataroo ;  Pieshcubzoo ;  Andamaroo — ^from 
YiziauaiipTun. 

Betel  knife  (notu  kuttarce ;  tamool  kuttarecs,)  knives 
umhI  by  natives  of  rank ;  kampte  dooe,  for  cutting 
wood ;  Abro  and  Xaga  dooe,  weaiK>nB — from  Assam. 


Class  XXII. — Iran  and  General  hardware. 

Metal  goglet  used  by  natives  of  Malabar — from  Calicut. 

Iron  pans  and  iron  spoons — from  Chota  Nagpore. 

"Wire — from  Cuttack. 

Brass  peacock  lamp^from  Agra. 

Six  vesaolf  of  brass,  made  at  Patna. 

YessclB  composed  of  zinc  and  copper — from  Moorsho- 
dabad. 

Bran  manufactures,  viz: — Brass  plates,  cups,  yesscls, 
and  cooking  utensils — from  Agra  and  Mirzapore. 

Cooking  utensils,  consisting  of  copper,  brass,  and  pewter 
plates,  and  a  variety  of  cups,  vessels,  and  other  domestic 
articles,  from  Assam,  Calcutta,  and  Moorshedabad. 

Miscellaneous  collection  of  articles  in  metal,  used  in 
worshipping,  and  for  domestic  use — from  NepauL 

Large  and  small  Bidree  hookahs,  from  Bajah  of  Dhole- 
pore. 

Seven  specimens  of  bell  metal — from  Kotah. 

Steels  tor  striking  light,  and  tweezers — from  Bajah  of 
Jesselmere. 


CuLBS  XXIII. — Jeicellenf,  Workt  in  ihe  Preciout  Meiah. 

The  Durria-i-Noor,  or  the  Sea  of  Light  diamond,  set  as 
an  armlet,  with  ten  smaller  diamonds  surrounding  it. 

Large  peari  necklace,  consisting  of  224  large  pearls. 

Shorter  one,  of  104  large  pearls. 

Short  necklace,  of  four  very  largo  spindle  rubies. 

Pair  of  emerald  armlets,  three  large  stones  in  each. 

Carved  emerald  and  diamond  turban  ornament. 

Set  diamond  and  emerald  bridle  and  martingale. 

Qold-moonted  saddle,  set  with  diamonds,  emeralds,  and 
rubies. 

Pearl  robe  and  emerald  eirdlo  of  a  Sikh  cliiof. 

Glass  case,  with  silver  nligree  ornaments ;  head  orna- 
ments ;  bracelets ;  brooches ;  umbn>Ua  ;  elqilmnts*  hair 
brai*elets ;  hair  pins ;  neck  chain  ;  ginlle ;  flower  holdors 
— from  Cuttack.  These  filigree  silver  ornaments,  whifh 
an*  only  worn  by  Europeann,  have  been  manufai'turiHl  by 
the  native  silversmiths  of  Cuttack.  Tliey  an*  n*mnrkable 
for  their  extreme  hghtness,  neatness  of  workman.^hipf  and 
cheapm*ss. 

Enamelled  lutchkas  ;  Ootah  bars  or  garlands  ;  gold  and 
silver  lutrlikas ;  gold  and  silver  gotlias — from  II.  M.  the 
King  of  Oude. 

(Hams  bracelets;  beads  of  silver,  hollow;  small  globt*s 
of  (;1ai(s,  silverccl  insi<le — from  Delhi. 

Huddlia  necklace;  onianirnt**  worn  in  turbans  ;  gold 
anil  MilvtT  wire — from  Rajah  of  Joypon*. 

Silver  toys — viz.,  Divr-fi^liting,  raiii-fij^liting,  combat 
Willi  tiiji»r,  wrestler!* — fn)iii  Hajah  of  Kola. 

Amilet  engravwl,  inm  ^ilt  ;  gol<l  thn'ad,  fn>ni  Owalior. 

Silver  golabas  or  roscwatcr  b<)ttU'?!i,  ('niU>».**t*d  in  gohl, 
nuidf  in  Calcutta. 

Silver  fiUgree,  worluxl  utcnluu,  or  utcr  holder.    Cuttack 


silver  filigree  flower-basket.  Manufactured  by  the  native 
silvcrsmitlis  of  Cuttack.  The  holder,  or  the  utcnlun,  is 
filled  with  cotton  dipped  into  ottr  of  roses  and  pla<'od  on 
a  table,  thus  diilUsing  fragrance  throiigliout  the  room. 

Silver  goojret* ;  pimchum  and  mulls  ;  pair  of  silver 
pyjore ;  mulls  ;  Iwttles,  for  rosewater ;  eilver  mulls ;  uter 
stand  ;  gold  ear-rings,  from  Calcutta. 

Gohl  and  silver  thread  from  Moorshedabad. 

Gold  and  siver  filigree  work  from  Dacca. 

Chain  omamenta  for  the  head ;  ear-rings ;  ear  oma* 
ments;  neck  ornament »  ;  pendant;  armlets;  ring  for  the 
thumb,  and  nose-ring ;  ornaments  for  the  fivt ;  neck- 
chains  of  gold  and  silver,  such  as  are  used  by  the  natives 
of  the  North-west  Provinces,  and  manufactured  in  the 
city  of  Delhi. 

Bangles  of  white  ivor>-  and  red,  and  of  various  colours  ; 
bangles  worketl  with  cold  ;  bufialo  horn,  brass-mounted 
clasj) ;  lac  gilt  and  plain  bangles ;  bracelets  gilt — from 
Bengal. 

Hookah  bottom  in  silver;  cocoa-nut  and  silver  mounted, 
manufactured  in  Calcutta. 

Silver  flower-cases  gilt  ;  silver  filigree  worked  spice-box, 
from  Mirzapore,  by  Baboo  Murhut  Parsramgeer. 

Diamond  armlet,  necklace,  and  ear-ring  ;  necklace,  with 
a  star  and  emeralds ;  string  of  gold  moorkee ;  gold  beads, 
armlet,  and  wristlet,  &c.,  from  Calcutta,  and  as  worn  by 
the  better  class  of  native  ladies,  and  manufactured  by  the 
native  silversmiths  of  Calcutta. 

Gold  necklaces  and  bracelets,  made  at  Agra. 

Silver  box,  and  other  articles,  fipom  Rajah  of  Ulwar. 

Necklace  of  pi*arls,  with  diamonds  and  emeralds ;  dia- 
mond ring,  bangles  set  with  jewels;  necklace  of  jewels 
and  pearls ;  necklace  of  pearls  ;  garland  of  pearls  ;  annu- 
lets; ear-rings;  bracelets:  uter  bottle;  goolabdan  for 
rosowoter;  pandan,  s]nce-stand ;  plate — from  His  High- 
ness the  Rajah  of  Dholejwre. 

Plate  of  silver  embossetl ;  goolabdan  partly  gilt  ;  silver 
bottle ;  drinking  mug  and  cups;  small  box,  partly  gilt ; 
pandan  with  cover ;  flowiT-pot  of  silver  wire ;  3  dice 
and  16  gold  draftsmen ;  hookah  ornamented  with  gold ; 
glass  case,  containing  a  douree  or  necklace  of  gold,  with  two 
pendants ;  silver  horse  stimips — fnmi  Rajah  of  .T(>(lh])orc. 

A  necklace  of  gold,  and  pair  of  bnicclcts  inlaid  with 
painted  and  gilt  glass  in  imitation  of  mosaic,  from  the 
Rajah  of  Pcrtabgurh. 

Silver  plate  with  cover,  jar  and  jug;  silver  bottle  and 
stopper,  e^'cr,  cup,  and  wa!«h-liand  basin — from  Maha 
Rajah  Ooobib  Sing  of  Cuf*hni*e. 

Ear  oniainents — from  Lahon\ 

Jasper  cups ;  crj'stal  cups  ;  agate  cups  and  jugs — from 
Lahore. 

Crystal  arm  ornaments  ;  pot  and  cover ;  jar  and  cover  ; 
jas]H*r  hoxi*s,  vase,  and  cup — from  I-^hon*. 

Tea-pot;  ag]ite  bottle;  jas|K'r  cup;  onyx  cup;  pajvr 
weight,  crjstal ;  jasjK*r  leaf ;  imitation  fiith,  silver ;  eilver 
covers  — fwm  Lahon*. 

Pearl  necklace,  head  ornament,  bracelets,  and  diamond 
ring,  from  Rajah  of  Pattiala. 

Anklets,  silver;  bangle-*,  silver;  ear  ornaments,  annlH*, 
car-rings  ;  IjcjkI  omaniciit  ;  drinking  cup ;  cnamelletl 
fiilvcr  cup — from  Ramv  Sookhau  of  Si'liaruniwre  an<l  fn)m 
Kangni. 

Gold  mohcr  and  other  coins  ;  ^volden  neckloct*,  with 
silver  chain  ;  nose  riuirs  ;  goldfii  ear-rings— fnun  Ncimul. 

Sandal-wcKxl  Ihix,  containing  silver  ne<'klaiv  and  hnicc*- 
Ict.-*;  rings  worn  n>un<l  the  ankle;  silver  annh't  of  Hhug- 
watec;  Nepaul  silver  (Miin-*  of  one  nijKV;  of  eight  annas; 
four  annas ;  two  anna:* ;  one  anna;  half  anna  ;  quarter 
anna;  cop|>er  coin,  tlouble  j»ie;  <*«ip|HT  coin,  single  j»ie ; 
copper  half  piciv ;  cojijht  eoin,  (piarter  piece — fnmi 
Nepaul. 

DhaKr  or  gohl  ne<'kla<v  ;  l-i«H>hanjjJM*y  mvklace  ;  Bnyct 
ncfklnce;  Bunne!«e  ear  knc'h-*  worn  by  men  and  women  ; 
gi»ld  n)ll«*<l  ear  knob-*  niul  h;ihiih> ;  silver  In-trl  hox  and 
wat4TKt«nd,  with  htand ;  j*ihrr  -pitt^Hin;  numW  h;i.«k(  t 
made  of  Mlver  win*,  ihnii  Tcna>!**'rini  i*n>viii<r!«. 

Male  and  female  ear  onkaments,  from  Assam,  }>ucli  as 


[Official  iLi.r^TRATFn  CATAi.nr.rr.l 


3  X 


020 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Colokhs  akd 


are  worn  by  the  Burmese  and  manufactured  in  the  Tenas- 
eerim  provinces. 

Golabdan  with  plates,  one  pair  (Rao  of  Cutch).  These 
are  made  in  Cutch,  and  are  specimens  of  what  is  called 
the  Cutch  silver-work  in  Bombay. 

Necklaces  and  bracelets,  irom  Poona. 

Beads,  from  Guzerat. 

Bracelets,  agates,  &c. ;  brooches  of  several  kinds  of 
stones  ;  buttons,  shanked ;  buttons,  not  shanked  ;  neck- 
laces ;  beads  ;  brooches  plain,  of  agate,  bloodstone ;  but- 
tons and  studs,  not  shanked — from  Ahmedabad. 

Gourd  snuff-boxes,  mounted  with  gold  and  silver — ^firom 
Scinde. 

Specimens  of  gilt  wire  in  its  different  stages,  when  under 

S reparation  for  the  manufacturing  of  the  Boorhanpore 
khncs. 

For  the  description  of  this  process,  see  the  following 
paragraphs,  vrith  which  a  sketch  was  furnished  by  R.  N. 
Hanulton,  Esq.,  resident  at  Indore,  before  whom  the 
specimens  forwarded  were  prepared : — 

Par.  4) — No.  1  is  the  silver  as  it  is  turned  out  of  the 
furnace  into  a  mould.  The  silver  put  into  the  crucible 
was  62  rupees  of  the  ordinary  local  currency.  The  crucible 
No.  1  was  formed  of  clay  taken  out  of  the  small  river 
"  Panderal"  which  runs  into  the  "  Taptoe"  on  the  western 
side  of  the  city  of  Boorhanpore.  The  furnace  was  formed 
of  four  common  bricks  laid  on  the  earthen  floor,  a  layer  of 
charooal  placed  at  the  bottom ;  on  this  the  crucible,  which 
was  covered  over  entirely  with  charcoal,  fanned  by  a  hand 
punkha,  a  square  bit  of  mat  of  four  by  nine  inches,  to  in- 
crease the  heat,  and  were  occasionally  thrown  into  the  fire 
in  small  quantities ;  and  in  forty-seven  minutes  the  silver 
was  in  a  fluid  state  ready  to  pour  into  a  mould,  from 
which  the  specimen  No.  1  was  turned  out. 

5. — No.  2  is  a  mould  of  silver  beaten  out  and  rounded, 
after  which  it  is  slightly  filed,  as  shown,  to  allow  the  gold 
to  adhere;  this  is  simply  washed  in  water,  then  well 
rubbed  with  a  fresh-cut  lime,  and  then  washed  in  lime- 
juice  and  water;  it  is  then  moderately  warmed,  after 
which  the  gold  No.  3  is  folded  over  it,  after  which  the  bar 
is  put  into  the  fire,  warmed,  and  then  beaten  with  a  ham- 
mer, and  becomes  as  shown  in  specimen  No.  4. 

6. — Specimen  No.  3  is  the  gold  :  before  being  put  upon 
the  silver  bar  No.  2,  it  is  well  washed  ifvith  fresh  lime-juice 
and  water,  and  then  boiled  in  tliis  liquor ;  on  being  taken 
out  it  is  warm,  and  easily  folded  on  the  silver  bar  No.  2. 

7. — This  is  the  entire  process  of  plating  the  gold :  after 
this  the  specimen  No.  4  is  placed  opposite  to  one  of  the 
holes  in  the  steel  plate  B  (vide  drawing),  a  small  end, 
about  three  quarters  of  an  inch,  being  left  of  the  silver, 
on  which  the  iron  nipper  (D)  is  fastened ;  the  bar  then  is 
drawn  through  the  plate  B,  until  it  assumes  the  sizes  in 
specimens  No.  5,  and  No.  6  is  the  last  process  in  the 
workshop,  before  it  is  made  over  to  the  manufiBtcturcrs. 

8. — The  manufjEu^turers  have  stUl  further  to  reduce  the 
wire,  which  is  done  in  a  similar  manner,  only  that  instead 
of  a  windlass,  two  reels  moving  on  pivots  are  substituted ; 
the  gold  thread  being  wound  off,  one  then  passing  through 
apertures  in  a  steel  plate  of  very  small  dimensions,  and 
being  wound  on  another  reel,  both  are  worked  at  once  by 
one  man,  sittin^^,  and  by  his  hand  giving  velocity  to  either 
as  may  be  requisite. 

Specimen  No.  7  is  the  gold  thread  on  a  reel,  after 
having  gone  through  the  above  process ;  it  is  flattened 
with  a  hammer,  and  becomes  specimen  No.  8,  which  is 
the  identical  bar  (No.  4),  after  it  has  gone  through  every 
process,  and  is  ready  to  be  united  with  the  silk  (specimen 
Nos.  9  and  10).  This  is  a  simple  process,  a  spindle  of 
silk,  No.  9,  and  a  spindle  of  gold,  No.  8,  are  taken  by  a 
man,  and  passed  over  a  hook  in  a  beam  about  six  ieet 
from  the  ground.  Under  tliis  the  man  sits :  he  first  twists 
the  silk  spindle  by  rubbing  it  along  the  calf  of  the  leg  (on 
which  is  a  leather  gaiter  as  a  guard),  and  then  the  gold 
spindle ;  when  both  are  in  full  spin,  he  regulates  the  gold 
by  letting  it  run  through  the  fingers  of  the  left  hand 
whilst  keeping  up  tlie  spinning  of  eacli  reel,  as  necessary, 
with  his  left,  as  above  describ^. 


10. — Specimen  No.  11  is  the  nlk  and  gold  thivad  a^ 
used  in  the  manufacture  of  brocade  and  tisauea,  specimm^ 
of  which  I  have  already  sent  to  you. 

11. — The  cost  of  each  specimen  is  annexed,  and  xltc 
value  of  the  skein  of  gold  thread,  ready  for  use,  is  oue 
rupee  ten  annas,  and  measmot  200  yards  of  Boorhanpoiv 
measure. 

12. — The  cost  of  the  labour  of  workmen  in  prqiarin^ 
these  specimens  was  seven  rupees,  the  profits  one  pi-r 
cent.,  and  the  batta,  or  exchange  from  Boorhanpori'  to 
Company's  rupees,  5  per  cent. ;  the  total  value  or  oo«t  of 
these  specimens,  including  workmen's  labour,  profit,  and 
batta,  was  443  rupees. 

Buffalo-horn  snuff-box  inlaid  with  metal,  from  Tellon>. 

Gold  rose  chain,  fix)m  Trichinopoly. 

Gold  ear-rings,  worn  by  native  females,  Nair  caata ;  goU  1 
necklaces,  worn  hj  females  of  Malabar,  Chuckur  ^lala, 
Elka  Thali,  and  Valia  Moodhurin ;  gold  bangles,  worn  by 
males  and  females  of  Malabar,  Latha  Vale,  and  Boobum 
Yala;  the  same,  worn  by  females  of  Malabar  on  the 
ankles ;  small  knife,  with  pinchbeck  and  gold  handk*! — 
from  C^cut. 

Gold  and  silver  girdles  and  silver  apice-case,  from 
Yixianaemm. 

Femue  ornaments  (two  sets)  ;  neck,  ear,  and  n(»e  orna- 
ments; Moodoo  bangles;  gold  and  silver  inlaid  Nair 
knives ;  silver  ornaments,  &c. — from  Travaneore. 

Bangles ;  kais  ring  and  cockatoo  chain ;  finger  nn|r* ; 
seal  ring — from  Celebes. 

6h)ld  conament  worn  by  Malay  women  of  rank  a^ 
&steninff  for  waist-belt,  from  Singapore. 

Bundle  of  brass  and  pewter  jewellery  worn  by  natirei 
oi  lower  order  in  Bengal. 

Model  in  glass  of  the  great  diamond  in  the  poesesnon 
of  the  Nizam  ;  description  by  Henir  Piddington,  Curator, 
Museum  Economic  Geology,  Calcutta : — 

"  About  twelve  or  fourteen  years  ago  a  large  diamond 
was  found  in  the  Nizam's  country  under  circumstances  of 
rather  a  curious  nature.  The  model  now  shown  is  the 
model  of  a  part  only,  a  piece  having  been  chipped  off, 
which  after  passing  through  many  lumds,  was  purdiased 
by  a  native  banker  for  70,000  rupees. 

"  The  larger  piece,  as  represented  by  the  model,  is  in 
the  possession  oi  his  highness  tlie  Nizam,  and  at  the  tinii* 
of  discovery  was  exhibited  to  many  European  gentlemen. 

"  The  manner  in  which  this  diamond  wa3  originalir 
found,  may  be  considered  interesting.  It  was  Ant  men 
in  the  hands  of  a  native  child,  who  was  playing  with  it, 
of  course  ignorant  of  its  value.  On  ei^ki  annas  bein^ 
offered  for  what  the  poor  people  considered  as  a  mtrre 
stone,  their  suspicion  was  excited,  which  led  ultimately  to 
the  discovery  of  the  bright  stone  being  a  real  diamond*' 

"  The  size  of  the  stone  exactly  taken  by  callipers,  fivm 
the  leaden  model,  is  as  follows : — 

Indies. 

Length 248 

Greatest  breadth 1*35 

Average  thickness      ....      0*92 

"  I  have  had  now  exact  models  cut  in  glaas  from  the 
leaden  one  exhibited  at  the  meeting,  and  I  find  that 

Their  absolute  weight  is      .     1,164*50 
Their  specific  gravity      .     .  3*70 

"  Now  according  to  various  authorities  we  have  for  ihv 
specific  gravity  of  the  diamond — 

Ure 3-53 

Brewster,  colourless   .     .     .     .       3 '52 

„        orange 3*55 

Jameson,  12  auth<»ities,  mean .      3' 52 


Mean      ....      3*52 
"  And  hence  assuming  our  model  to  be  cx:ut  (and  't  1* 
very  nearly  so),  we  have  by  a  simple  proportion  noi  quite 
1,108   grains   for   the    actual    weight    of    the    Nua:u'<> 
diamond. 

"  Thia  is  equal  to  277  carats  of  weight  for  tlic  louch 


jm. 


h 


:d 


DBPRNDBNCIBa.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


921 


diAmoad,  and  m  the  rough  stones  are  usually  taken  to 
gire  but  one>half  of  their  weight  when  cut  and  polished, 
it  would  allow  138|  carats,  or  a  weight  between  the  Pitt 
(or  Begent)  diamond  (136|  carats),  and  that  of  the  Ghtind 
Duke  of  Tuscany  (139  carats),  for  it  in  its  present  oondi> 
tion ;  and  if  we  take  it  that  one-eighth  of  what  it  would 
be  when  polished  was  taken  off  with  the  splinter  sold  to 
the  natire,  as  related  by  Captain  Fitsgerald,  we  shaU  then 
have  155|  carats  for  the  possible  weight  of  it,  if  it  had 
been  cut  and  polished  entire ;  which  would  then  place  it 
as  to  weight  between  the  Tuscan  and  the  great  Kussian 
diamond  of  196  carats,  which  last  is  well  known  to  be  an 
Indian  stone.** 

**  We  are  not  informed  if  this  stone  ia  considered  as 
likelj  to  be  one  of  pure  water,  which  can  only  be  ascer- 
tained by  poKshing  it,  though  we  know  that  the  natiyes 
of  India,  and  paiticularlr  of  the  Deooan,  are  too  good 
judges  of  diamonds  to  mistake  a  topaz  for  one,  and  it  is 
stated  that  70,000  rupees  haye  been  paid  for  the  firagment. 
It  therefore  certainly  adds  one  extraordinary  (act  more  to 
the  history  of  this  most  wonderful  of  the  gems.** 


Class  XXrV. 

GUss :  plain  goblets,  mug,  glass  cup,  tumblers,  hydraulic 
toy,  large  phial,  and  pickle  pot,  from  Mirsapore  in  the 
Benares  diyision. 

Glass  bangles  and  glass  globes  silyered  inside.    Delhi 


Class  XXV.—Ceramie  Mammfachu^. 

Jars  of  glazed  pottery,  from.  Jessore. 

Assortment  of  Pegu  jars,  as  used  in  the  H.  C.*s  Dispen- 
may  at  Calcutta. 

Two  laige  Pegu  jars,  from  Moulmein. 

Specimens  of  glszed  pottery,  such  as  used  in  the  H.  C.*s 
Dispensary  since  1841,  when  they  were  first  introduced 
by  the  then  officiating  head  of  the  department,  for  packing 
medicines  free  frt>m  acid  or  corrosiye  properties. 

Drinking  cups,  with  covers ;  tumblers,  with  handles ; 
Tessels  for  sprinkling  rosewater  and  distributing  pan; 
cups ;  hookah,  called  ever  fresh ;  large  hookah,  for  placing 
on  the  ground ;  specimens  of  earth  fit>m  which  the  above 
are  manufactured. — Manufactured  at  Amroha,  district  of 
Horadabad,  in  Rohilkund. 

Complete  assortment  of  native  pottery  for  domestic 
purposes,  as  used  in  Calcutta. 

Bread  pot;  dessert  phtte;  goblet,  red  and  white, 
worked;  a  cup,  with  top,  and  saucer;  mug:  different 
sorts  of  hookahs ;  flower  pot ;  spittoon ;  rosewater  pot ; 
tea  pot — from  Mirzapore,  division  Benares. 

Ghurrahs,  Lookdar,  manufactured  at  Mirzapore. 

Specimens  of  painted  pottery,  fit>m  Kotah. 

Specimens  of  Bhagulpore  potteiy. 

Specimens  of  Sewan  pottery.     Patna. 

Sorahees,  larse  anu  small;  metredars;  hookahs; 
ab^^furrahs;  guluisscs;  gahrees;  abgurrahs;  chillums; 
8urposes--from  Azimgurh. 

Pieces  of  earthenware,  from  Lahore. 

Earthen  goblet  painted  in  gold  and  flowers  at  Hydera- 
bad.    Major  Moore. 

Improved  pottery  from  Madras,  made  by  natives  under 
the  superintendence  of  Dr.  Hunter. 

Pottery  (Ahmedabad,  two  boxes).  This  arrived  just 
in  time  to  be  shipped,  and  was  not  examined  by  the  Bom- 
bay Committee,  while  the  potteiy  from  Ahmednuggar 
airived  too  late  to  be  shipped. 


Class  XXVl.—Ikrmture  and  UpkoUtety, 

Royal  bedstead,  with  silk  and  velvet  covering,  and  velvet 
mattnss  for  the  same,  from  Deo  Naiyn  Sing  of  Benares. 


*  The  Koh-i-Noor,  nncat,  weifh«d  800  csnta,  bat  bj  euttiaK 
-■      '  to  trt  esnis.    Its  tsln«  is  perhaps  two  adJlkms  •fetrliaf. 


Bedstead  of  silver  enamelled,  with  Cashmere  shawl 
hangings,  complete,  with  pillows,  &c.,  from  Maha  Rajah 
Goolab  Sing  of  Cashmere. 

Ottooah,  or  curtains  for  beds,  and  door  chicks.  Bamboc- 
reed  chairs.  Ratan  morahs.  Large  palmyra  and  other 
fans.  Sittul  puttee  mats,  very  fine.  (See  also  Class  XXIX.) 

Papier-mach^  inkstand  with  tray,  from.  Caahmero  and 
Bejnour,  near  Rohilkund. 

A  slab  of  alabaster  from  Nineveh  formed  into  a  table, 
by  J.  Pulman,  at  the  India  House,  exhibited  by  Lieut.-CoL 
Sykes. 

IvoiT  chairs,  presented  by  the  Rajah  of  Y inanagrtnn. 

Blackwood  carved  couches,  whole  and  half  backed,  with 
springs  and  yellow  silk  damask ;  blaekwood  chiffonni^re^ 
bookcases,  prie-dieu  chairs,  with  spring  cushions  and 
damask  silk,  large  size  flower  stands,  handsome  pier 
tables,  and  side  stands;  sandal-wood  and  ebony-wood 
work  stands,  with  Bombay  inhud  top ;  work-table ;  cheas- 
table — ^from  Bombay. 

Bombay  furniture.  The  blaekwood  of  which  this  is 
made  comes  from  the  western  part  of  India ;  the  damask 
silk  from  England.  Among  the  pieces  will  be  found  two 
work-stands,  the  tops  of  which  are  of  Bombay  inlaid  work, 
one  with  sandal-wood,  the  other  with  ebony  standa. 
Blackwood  lb  yielded  by  Dalhergia  latifotia. 

Octagon  and  <K]uare  marble  chess-table,  inlaid  with 
agates  at  Aera.  The  carved  ebony  stands  by  Messrs. 
Sherwood,  of  Calcutta. 

A  square  marble  chess-board  painted  in  imitation  of 
mlaid  work.    W.  H.  Tyler,  Esq. 

Two  screens,  carved  in  ebony,  by  Moaigapa  Achary,  a 
native  carpenter  of  Madras,  without  any  £^uopean  assist- 
ance.— Exnibited  by  Mrs.  B.  Key. 

Candelabra  and  bookcase;  work-table  and  tea-caddy. 
Exhibited  by  D.  Pugh,  Esq.,  Madras. 

Two  marble  couches  and  chairs,  of  Ri^pootana  marble, 
with  open  lattice-worked  backs  aud  sides.  Presented  by 
Rajah  Anund  Nath  Roy  of  Nattore. 

A  flower-stand  carved  in  ebony.  Exhibited  by  the  Rev. 
W.  Antrobus,  Acton. 


Class  XXYII. — Manmf(iciwre9  im  Mineral  Substances, 

Numerous  comdian  ornaments  in  agate,  &e.,  fr*om 
Ahmedabad. 

Polished  variegated  marUe  specimens,  from  AJmere  and 
Assam. 

Lattice-work  in  black  and  white  marble,  from  Boondee. 
Two  smaller  from  Ulwar. 

Two  lattice-work  screens,  carved  in  stone,  from  Mirza- 
pore. 

Sculptured  figures  in  Raipootana  marble,  horn  Jeypore. 

Plates  and  cups  of  Jess^ere  brecciated  and  variegated 
green  marbles,  from  the  Rajah  of  Jesselmere. 

Stone  plates  and  cups,  pan,  dish,  and  inkstand,  from 
Monghir. 

Stone  cups  and  trays,  from  Patna. 

Numerous  specimens  of  cups,  bottles,  floating  swans, 
and  fish,  from  the  Rajah  of  Jodhpore. 

Marble  ornaments  and  beads,  trom  Boondee. 

Stone  figures,  from  Jeypore. 

Stone  knife  handles,  from  the  Rajah  of  Ulwar. 

Cornelian  knife  handles  cut  by  natives  in  Calcutta. 

Marble  inlaid  inkstands,  card  trays,  paper  weights,  and 
paper  knives,  from  Agra.  ^ 

Mosaics  and  inlaid  works : — Chessboards,  inlaid  with 
agates.  Marble  painted  in  imitation  of  mosaic  work. 
Marble  inkstands  and  paper  knives  inlaid.  Card  trays. 
Paper  presses.  The  inUid  marble  work  is  only  done  at 
Agra  in  the  north-western  provinces  of  Bengal 

A  chessboMrd,  and  marble  paper  preasea,  painted  in 
imitation  of  mosaic  work. 

Set  of  agate  and  cornelian  chessmen,  exhibited  by  Lieut.- 
Coloncl  Sykes, 

Screens  carved  in  stone  and  Bajpootana  marble  by 

nativea. 

8X8 


922 


EAST  INDIES. 


£C0L0XIE8  AS 


Class  XXVIII. — Manufactures  from  Animal  or  Vege- 
table SubttanceSf  not  being  tooven,  felted,  or  included 
in  other  sections. 

Manufactures  from  Cfutta  Percha, 

Splints,  firom  Singapore: — Gutta  percha  splints,  for 
setting  broken  limbs. 

Manufiictures  from  caoutchouc.     (See  Class  lY.) 

Manufactures  from  Ivory ^  Kom,  Shelly  Cocoa-nut,  and 

PUh. 

Articles  cut  out  of  iyory,  from  Berhampore : — Set  of 
chessmen,  carved  from  the  drawings  in  Layard*s  Nine- 
Teh;  elephants  with  umbaree,  charjama,  howdah,  guddee, 
and  plain ;  small  elephant  with  umbaree ;  elephant's 
head ;  Brahminy  buU  and  cow ;  camel  with  saddle- 
oloth ;  camel,  phun;  tiger ;  procession  of  a  native  prince ; 
state-barge ;  carriage  called  "  ekka ;"  cart ;  native  dance ; 
puzzles  of  various  sorts,  and  cups  and  balls;  one 
hundred  set  of  coloured  and  phdn  letters  ;  carved  box ; 
set  of  ivory  workmen ;  the  Juggodhatree ;  Juggemauth 
car ;  doorgah ;  kali ;  group  ^  prisoners ;  ten  single 
figures  : — water-carrier,  five  beggars,  old  Brahmin,  musi- 
cian, fisherman,  and  Mahomedan.  A  scratcher;  ivoiy 
box ;  silk-winders  ;  bullock-cart ;  walking-stick. 

Burmese  carved  chessmen. 

Inkstand;  work-boxes;  two  trays  and  stands,  with 
scissors,  knife,  pen,  and  folder;  two  pen  trays,  with 
knife,  scissors,  pen,  and  folder;  a  whisk ;  letter-holder ; 
large  and  small  pincushions ;  egg-cups ;  ivory  mortar ; 
snuff-boxes  ;  fan ;  lookmg-glass  and  case — ^from  Lahore. 

Ivory  elephant ;  ivory  horses ;  ivory  camelopard ;  bison- 
horn  lizard ;  ivory  images  of  Kistna ;  veiy  small  ivoiy 
elephant;  very  minute  ivory  elephant,  from  Travan- 
core. 

Shell  of  a  pea  contaimng  an  ivoiy  elephant,  from. 
CaUcut. 

Ivory  bracelets.  These,  which  are  much  worn  by  the 
women  of  Cutch  and  Gujerat,  are  made  out  of  ivory 
brought  from  Africa. 

An  ivory  walking-stick  with  gold  ring,  manufactured 
in  the  dominions  of  H.  H.  the  Maharajah  of  Jodhpore. 

Scratcher  and  combs  of  ivory. 

Cribbage-board,  made  of  ivory  and  sandal-wood,  manu- 
factured in  Calcutta. 

Ladies'  ivory  flowered  work-box,  an  ivory  fan,  a  knife, 
and  chopsticks. — From  the  Bajah  of  Nepaul. 

An  ivory  chowrie,  manufactured  in  the  dominions  of 
H.  H.  the  Maharajah  of  Jodhpore. 

An  ivory  chowrie,  manufactured  in  the  vicinity  of 
Bhiurtpoor. 

Combs,  carved  in  ivory,  from  the  district  of  Bijnour, 
Kohilcund. 

Horn  ornaments.  These  are  made  at  Yiziadroog,  on 
the  Concan  coast  of  the  Bombay  Presidency.  Horns 
polished.  Cheroot  cases  and  powder  boxes.  Pedestals 
for  ornaments.  Drinking  vessel  Dogs.  Trays  supported 
by  tigers  and  bidls.  Image  of  Gurrood,  a  servant  of  the 
Hindoo  god  Vishnu. 

Set  of  ornaments,  made  of  horn,  consisting  of  chain, 
cross,  girdle,  bracelet  and  earrings,  manufactured  at 
Monghyr. 

Shell  bracelets;  chank  shell  entire,  cut,  and  partially 
cut ;  half-moon  saw  for  cutting  the  shells,  and  complete 
set  of  apparatus  used  by  the  bracelet-makers  of  Dacca. 
Exhibited  by  Dr.  Wise  and  B.  H.  Mytton,  Esq. 

Cocoa-nut  shell  small  elephant. 

Small  polished  cocoa-nut  snuff-box;  bUva-fruit  snuff- 
box. 

Pair  of  pith  figures,  Rajah  and  Ranee  of  Tanjore, 
carved  out  of  the  pith-like  stem  of  -^schynomone  aspera, 
from  Trichinopoly. 

Hats;  bottle-covers ;  glass-covers ;  life-preservers — ^mado 
from  the  pitli-like  stem  of  ^schynomone  a8]>era. 

Toys  of  Hedysarum  lagenarium,  now  JEschynomone 
aspera.     Calcutta. 

See  models  of  temples  in  pith.  Class  XXX 

A  set  of  ebony  ornaments,  consisting  of  a  chain,  cross, 


girdle,  bracelet,  and  earrings.    A  set  ditto  laoqnerad.    . 
set  ditto  of  ebony — ^made  in  the  district  of  Moncfajr. 

Carved  coooa-nut  shells,  silver  mounted,  rau^;  an 
without  silver  mounting,  black  and  brown,  from  Tnmt 
core. 

Manufactures  from  Wood,  not  heimg  FmrwUmre^  Batkt 

work.  Mats,  ^, 

Woods  engraved  at  School  of  Arts,  Madnw. 

Cuscus-baskets.  These  are  from  Pooda,  and  are  mac 
of  the  root  of  the  Andropogon  muricatum,  and  om 
mented  with  tinsel,  and  the  elytra  of  a  species  of  beetle. 

Gk>urd  snuff-boxes.  The  kind  used  in  Sindh  and  tl 
countries  to  the  northward :  they  were  prepared  and  om 
mented  at  Kurrachee. 

Flower-holder,  pandan,  fan,  dish-oorer,  fim  for  winnov 
ing  grain,  baskets,  lightholder,  peacock  toy,  made  < 
bamboo  reed  in  the  division  of  Moorshedabad. 

Baskets  of  sorts,  made  of  split  Calamus  rotaog  i 
Calcutta. 

Baskets  made  at  Monghyr. 

Basket  ornamented  with  cowries.  Sheetkaa,  or  ropes  fie 
suspending  pots,  &c. 

Mats  miaae  from  the  date  and  palm  trees,  Bengal 

Table  mats  made  at  Calcutta  of  Fhrynium  didK 
tomum. 

Sectul  pattee  and  musnud  mats,  from  Midni^pore. 

Large  and  small  floor  mats,  from  Calcutta. 

White  and  coloured  mats,  fram  district  of  Pktna. 

Cochin  mats  of  different  patterns. 

Palghat  mats,  of  different  patterns,  from  South  V^I^Imm 

Straw  mats  and  reed  mat,  Calicut. 

Batan  mat,  manufactured  at  Calcutta  of  Gslamn 
rotang. 

Bugis  mats,  Celebes.  Battan  mat,  Borneo  (Banja 
(Massin).     Mat,  Borneo  Proper — sent  from.  Singapore. 

Mats,  from.  Malay  Peninsula  (Pulo  Aor),  Phuq>piii 
Islands,  Pulo  Siantui  (Anambas  Ids),  Malacca^  made  c 
Bankuang  or  mat  materiaL 

Small  articles,  Malacca,  Bankuaug. 

Nest  of  nine  baskets,  Bawian,  ditto. 

Covers  for  provisions,  &c.,  Borneo,  Banjar,  Massii 
made  of  palm  leaf, 

Conicju  hats,  frt)m  Palembaug  and  Singapore, 

Specimen  of  basket-work,  Bawian. 

Set  of  baskets,  Singapore. 

Bamboo  fans,  Bawian. 

Kopia  or  Mussulman  cap,  Malacca  basket-work. 

A  large  basket,  and  several  of  straw  from  Calcutta. 

White  and  coloured  mats  from  the  district  of  Patna. 

Specimens  of  plaited  straw  from  ditto. 

A  large  straw  basket  and  7  smaller,  Calcutta. 


XXTX. — ^MlBCELLAKBOUS  MaNUPACTUBBS. 

(A.)  Soap,  Candles,  Ink,  ^c 

Bengal  native  soap. 

Marme  soap,  made  of  coooa-nut  oil  and  soda. 

Marine  soap,  made  of  cocoa-nut  oil  and  soda,  from 
CaHcut. 

Sealing-wax — red,  green,  gold-coloured,  jeDow,  an< 
black,  from  Madras. 

Sealing-wax  of  different  colours  in  sticks,  from  Guntoor 

Sealing-wax.  This  is  made  in  the  southern  Mahrattj 
coimtry  at  Gokak. 

Stearine  candles,  from  BengaL — Messrs.  Sainte  of  Cos 
sapore. 

Full-sized  9-inch  and  6-inch  camphorated  wax  candk« 
— from  Patna. 

Red  cotton  for  ink,  and  bottle  of  red  ink,  from  Madras 

Bottles  of  Bengal  ink. 

(B.)  Articles  for  Personal  use,  as  Writing-desksy  JTork 
boxes,  <^c.,  in  Ivory,  Mom,   Porcupine-quill,   Sandol 
wood. 
Ivory  and  sandal-w^ood  writing-desk  and  envelope-caw 

sandal- wood  box;   small  ivory  box  lined  with  sandal 


DEFKKDEKCIK8.J 


EAST  INDIES. 


923 


wood;  i?oiT  inkstand;  buffalo-horn  and  ivory  writing- 
bozet,  lined  inside  with  sandal-wood ;  buffiilo-hom  crib- 
bage-board ;  ivary  work-box  lined  with  sandal- wood ;  por- 
cupine-quill box  lined  with  sandal-wood;  ivoiy  watch- 
stand,  with  work ;  cornelian  knife-handles ;  iyoiy  and 
saodal-wood  oribbage-boards  ;  iroi^ card-cases  with  book; 
pMMT  knires ;  iroiy  combs ;  iToiy  dice.     Calcutta. 

Box  made  of  dotes.    Calcutta. 

Itoij  backgammon-board,  fluted  envelope-case,  and 
knitting-box;  sandal-wood  and  ivoiy  box;  porcupine- 
quill-bOT ;  white  and  black  elk-horn  inksta^cu ;  porcu- 
nine-quill,  ivory,  and  buffalo-horn  work-box ;  white  elk- 
horn  box ;  buflklo-hom  box  and  tea-chest ;  sandal-wood 
and  ivoiy  basket — from  Yizagapatam. 

PorcuDine-quill  baskets ;  box  made  of  bison-horn,  con- 
taining cnains  made  of  lac,  from  Yizagapatam. 

Inkstand  of  builalo-hom  set  with  porcupine  quills,  and 
sandal-wood  drawers;  watch-stand  of  buffalo-horn  and 
sandal- wood;  hookah  snakes  with  pipe-sticks;  hookah 
pipes. 

rorcupine  pen-holders,  from  Yiiiaiiagrum. 

Inkstand  of  carved  ebonj;  combs  of  carved  ivoiy — 
from  Bijnour,  in  Bohilkund. 

Sandal-wood  box,  from  Mangalore. 

Backgammon-board  chessmen,  manufactured  at  Surat. 

Carved  box  (Cutch).  This  is  a  specimen  of  Cutch 
carving.    The  wood  is  from  Africa. 

Bombay  inlaid  work.  The  ivory  of  which  this  is  prin- 
cipally made  is  brought  from  Africa. 

Portfoho,  netting-box,  basket,  needle-case,  envelope- 
case,  pen-stand,  paper-stand,  large  box,  and  inkstand. 

Bound  box,  turned.  This  is  not  lacquered,  but  polished ; 
it  is  made  of  kao-wood. 

Wooden  boxes  turned,  and  lacquered  with  various 
colours,  chiefly  at  Hydrabad,  in  Sindh. 

Wooden  combs,  from  Sindh.  These  are  made  of  kao 
wood,  a  species  of  olive  from  Beloochistan. 

Sandal-wood  box  carved,  sandal-wood  box  plain — made 
at  CalcutU. 

Inkstand,  made  of  carved  ebonv,  manufiictured  at 
Bijnour  in  the  Division  of  Bohilkund. 

A  lacquered  box,  made  at  Bareilly  in  Bohilkund. 

Sandal-wood  box,  and  box  made  of  Sissoo-wood — made 
at  Nepal,  and  contributed  bv  the  Bajah  of  NepaL 

An  assortment  of  Burmah  boxes,  from  the  Tenasserim 
Provinces. 

Shan  lacquered  boxes — Mr.  W.  Norris. 

Siri  boxes,  Sumatra  Palembang — previous  to  undergoing 
the  process  of  lacquering,  lacquered  plain,  and  flowered 
and  completed. 

Siri  boxes,  of  Kbju  Buka — previous  to  being  lacquered, 
and  lacquered  and  completed. 

Writing  box,  Sumatra  Palembang. 

Pyramidal  boxes,  and  small  lacquered  boxes,  Sumatra 
Palembang. 

Lacquered  water  dippers,  Sumatra  Palembang. 

Salver  or  tray,  Singapore,  formed  in  the  Jungle  by 
Kalay  woodmen,  who  bnng  them  into  town  K>r  sale  as 
soon  as  a  sufficient  number  is  collected.     Cost  bd.  each. 

Salver  or  sweetmeat  trays,  Sunuitra  Palembang — as  cut 
from  the  forest-tree  previous  to  being  smoothed  and 
lacquered,  partlv  lacquered,  and  completed. 

Covers  tor  dishes,  Borneo  (interior  of  Baniarmassin, 
8.  C.)  The  ornamental  work  closely  resembles  that  of  the 
natives  of  Ceram,  but  the  shell-work  is  not  so  fine. 

Set  of  boxes,  fitting  one  within  the  other,  Borneo 
(Kota  Bingin  or  Waringin,  S.  C.) 

Lid  of  a  box,  made  at  Ceram,  in  the  Malacca  islands. 
This  manufacture  has  recently  excited  a  certain  degree  of 
interest,  from  the  close  resemblance  it  bears  to  the  orna- 
mental works  of  the  Xorth  American  Indians. 

Set  of  Ceram  boxes. 

Cigar-case,  from  the  Celebes,  manufactured  from  Pan- 
danus  leaf  by  natives  of  the  interior. 

Kopia,  or  skull-rap,  from  the  Celebes.  Pandan  leaf, 
wcnii  oy  tlie  Mussulman  inhabitants. 

Chess-board,  from  Pinaiig,  inlaid  with  specimeni  of 
ornamental  woods. 


Bugis  Kapok,  from  Celebes. 

Clove  model,  Amboyna.  Model  of  an  orang  baai,  or 
state  barge,  made  of  cloves  by  natives  of  Amboyna. 
Flower-basket,  made  of  cloves  by  natives  of  Amboyna. 
Imitation  tea  service,  made  of  cloves  by  natives  of 
Amboyna,  presented  by  Bobert  Bain,  Esq. 

(C.)  InUUUum  FruUs  and  Flowers. 

Artificial  fruits  and  vegetables.  These  were  manu- 
fiictured  at  Gk>kak,  in  the  Belgaum  Collectorate,  southern 
Maliratta  country  :  they  are  only  made  to  order,  and  do 
not  form  an  article  of  export. 

1.  Custard  apples  (Annona  squamosa^  2.  Pompalmose 
(CUrusdecumana).  3.  Jauck(nu.tB{Ariocarp9u),  4.  Pine 
apples  (Bromelia  ananas),  5.  Pom^ranates  (Punica 
granatwm),  *  6.  Bamphuls  or  custard  apples  (large).  7. 
Citrons  (Citrus  medico).  8.  Figs  (Ftctts  carica).  9. 
Mangoes  (Mangifera  indica)  10.  Plantains  (Musa  s€^ 
pientum).  11.  Oranges  (CUms  afMraniium).  12.  Limes 
(Citrus  limetta).  13.  Guavas  (Psidiump^riferum).  14. 
Jambool  (Eugenia  jamholand).  15.  Wood  apples  (Fe- 
ronia  elephantum).  16.  Water  melons  (CucunUs  citrul- 
lus).  17.  Sugar-cane  sticks  (Saocharum  officinarum). 
18.  Bere  berries  (Zizgphus  jujuba).  19.  Tamarinds  (7Vi- 
marindus).  20.  Pumpkins  (CW^nir6t/a).  21.  Snake-gourds 
(Cucumis  sp.).  22.  Tooraees  (CucunUs  sp.).  23.  Seoga- 
peds.  24.  Kuraslas.  25.  Bhendees  (Hibiscus  longifih- 
lius).  26.  Cucumbers  (Cucumis).  27.  Brinjals  (Solanum 
melongena).  28.  Onions  with  leaves  (Allium  cepa).  29. 
Sweet  potatoes  (Batatas  edulis).  30.  Chillies,  foreign 
(Capsicum).     31.  Chillies,  country. 

Imitation  fruits  and  flowers. — Lotus  flowers,  water- 
lilies,  white  and  pink;  parakai;  peechengai;  ripe  and 
green  chillies  ;  padralengai ;  cadiu  fruits ;  panechakai ; 
bilimbee ;  brinjals,  round  and  long ;  betel-nuts,  ripe ; 
pomegranate  miits ;  rose-apples ;  codumbooly  frmts ; 
country  gooseberries;  chollum  bunches ;  bandicays  ;  Jack- 
fruit  in  miniature ;  pine-apple ;  mangoes ;  green  and  ripe 
plantain ;  Guava  fruit ;  Guava  green — from  Travancore. 

Lotus  flower,  made  of  sandal-wood,  from  Odicut. 

Imitation  fruits. — Walnuts,  and  pieces  of  the  kernel ; 
almonds  and  kernels  ;  dates,  pistachios  ;  betel-nuts  in  their 
prepared  state — from  Nawab  of  Bampore,  in  Bohilkund. 

(D.)   Toysj  Beads,  Puzxles. 

Specimens  of  toys  in  ivory,  contributed  by  the  Bajah  of 
Jodhpore. 

Toys  in  common  use  in  Bengal. 

Merry-go-round,  from  Bengal. 

Toys  in  wood  (Surat) ;  but  when  they  reached  the  com- 
mittee, were  found  to  be  of  so  inferior  a  kind  that  they 
were  re-sold. 

Malay  puzzles.    Two  Malay  puzzles  in  bottles. 

Strings  of  BnUimins*  beads,  made  of  the  seeds  of 
Eleocaipus  ganitrus,  from  Bengal. 

Neckhuses  and  bracelets.  These  arc  made  at  Poona, 
and  stated  to  be  composed  of  the  dust  of  sandal-wood 
mixed  with  giun. 

Beads  (Ghijerath).     See  Class  1. 

Oames. 
Boxes  of  gungalah  or  packs  of  cards. 
Chowpan  board,  contributed  by  the  Bajah  of  Jodlipore. 

Lac  Ware. 

Lac  ware. — Goblet,  varnished  ;  large  and  small  pots  ;  a 
kind  of  mug.  Wood  ware.— Bottle  pot ;  Urge  and  small 
cups ;  small  water-pot ;  pot  for  vcrmihon  ;  plates  and 
toys — from  Mirzapore. 

Lacquered  toys,  and  lac  ornaments. 

Specimens  of  sand  with  which  lac  grindstones  are  made; 
corundum  stones,  which,  being  pulverized,  are  used  in 
making  lac  grindstones ;  lac  grindstone  complete — from 
Coimbatore. 

Ornaments  from  dried  fruits  of  cocoa-nut,  meant  to  re- 
present the  garlands  given  to  visitors  of  distinction  on 
visits  to  the  jialace,  worn  by  ladies  at  a  particular  fcsti^  al 
— from  Tanjore. 


924 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Colonies  asi 


Dojleys  made  by  the  ladies  of  the  feudal  Mahratta 
familj  of  Anuria,  reduced  to  dependence  on  their  industry 
by  political  ^langes,  and  chiefly  through  the  suppression 
of  piracy  on  the  western  coast  of  India. — J.  Ghapman, 
Esq. 

(G.)  Fans,  XJmbreUtu,  Parasols^  Chovsrees,  and  Walking' 

tUclcM. 

Fan  with  gold  handle,  khus  khus-ka  punkah,  made  of 
khus-khus  grass  (Andropogon  muricaiem)^  which,  when 
wetted,  emits  a  fine  firagrance. — Contributed  by  H.  H.  the 
Kajah  of  Kota. 

oandal-wood  £eins. 

Large  and  hand-fans  of  Palmyra  leaf. — BengaL 

A  £ein  from  the  Bajah  of  Pattiala. 

A  large  and  two  small  fans  with  plated  handle,  from 
Calcutta. 

Fans  from  the  states  of  the  Bajah  of  Jodhpore. 

A  state  fan,  with  silyer  handle,  from  Moorshedabad. 

Fan  of  China  beads  and  pearls. — Delhi. 

State  mnbrella,  with  silver  stick,  from  Moorshedabad. 
(See  accompanying  Plate.) 

An  ornamented  and  eold  embroidered  state  parasol 
with  silver  stick — from  Moorshedabad. 

Assortment  of  Bengalee  chattahs,  used  by  natives 
dtiring  rainy  season. 

Soorooj  mookee,  a  native  parasol,  with  silver  top  and 
handle.  Gold  lunbrella,  witn  silver  top  and  handle. — 
Contributed  by  the  Bajfdi  of  Dholepore. 

Assamese  umbrellas,  used  by  nobility;  cane  fans ;  cane 
mat,  for  noblemen  to  sit  on  ;  peacock-feather  fans,  used 
by  natives  of  rank ;  luggage  baskets,  used  for  canrying 
cloths. — ^Assam. 

An  umbrella  made  of  painted  cloth.  A  small  umbrdUa. 
— Manu£M;tured  at  Calcutta. 

Four  bamboo  walking-sticks,  gold  and  silver  mounted, 
contributed  by  the  Baj^  of  Ulwar. 

A  painted  stick  with  silver  top,  contributed  by  the 
Bajah  of  Kissenghur. 

Wtdking-sticks  of  sorts,  made  at  Calcutta  and  Cochin. 

Betel-nut  sticks. 

Sandal-wood  whisk,  from  Calicut. 

Sandal-wood  and  ivory  chowrees,  or  whisks,  from  the 
Bajah  of  Bhurtpore. 

Two  chowrees,  of  the  tail  of  the  Yak  (Bos  ffrunniens), 
with  silver  handles — from  the  Bajah  of  Ulwar. 

SooJcahs  and  Hookcih  Snakes, 

Cocoa-nut  and  lac  hookahs — from  Bengal 

Hookah  snake  with  nicha ;  snake-cover  for  the  hookah, 
with  a  rosette  to  fasten  to  the  mouth-piece ;  hookah 
snakes,  with  pipe-sticks ;  hookah  pipe,  stick,  &a 

Selim  for  smoking,  sent  from  Singapore. 

Singpoo  pipe  for  smoking  opiimi ;  box  of  pipes. 

Soots  and  Shoes,  Sfc, 

Shoes  worked  with  gold  and  sUver. 

Gold-worked  shoes  and  slippers,  for  females ;  silver- 
worked  sUppers ;  gold- worked  snoes,  for  men  and  children; 
Bengalee  shoes  with  gold  and  silver ;  Bengalee  country 
leather ;  Bengalee  writing  red  leather ;  Bei^aloe  yellow ; 
bufialo-hom  combs. 

Scindean  boots  and  shoes,  from  II.  H.  Meer  Ali  Morad 
of  Khyrpoor. 

Looking-glass  and  case,  from  the  Boneo  Sookhan  of 
Seharunpore. 

(H.)  Fishing  Tackle  of  all  kinds. 

Nets — Sekaolies — ^made  at  Calcutta. 

Floating  net,  Singapore,  employed  in  taking  a  small 
kind  of  herring  in  the  neighbouring  strait.  The  twine  is 
of  cotton,  manufactured  in  Java. 

Floating  net.  The  twine  of  this  net  is  made  from  the 
rami  fibre,  Urtica  nivea.     (See  Class  IV.) 

Casting  net.  The  thread  made  ^in  Java  from  native 
cotton. 


Seine  net.    Twine  of  rami  fibre. 
Fishing  lines.    Twine  of  rami  fibret. 
Fishing  lines.    Twine  made  of  Jsv»  oottan  thread 
tanned  with  the  fruit  of  Uie  mangrofe. 


DescripUfm  qf  Fishing   in  Bombojf  Marhcmr 

VicmUg, 

Model  of  stake-net  fiahing,  with  fiahing-neto  naed  h 
Bombay. 

1  If  new  stakes  are  to  be  sunk,  a  spMe  of  2  fiUhom 
must  be  reserved  for  the  passage  of  bokts  on  eadi  nde  o 
the  compartment.  Fishmg  in  stakea  ia  ahraja  withi 
10  fiithoms  of  water  j  stakes  aro  made  of  heddy  wood  u 
three  or  four  pieces.  If  a  cocoa-nut  tree,  one  answers  tb 
purpose.  In  some  cases  a  piece  is  added  to  it,  if  the  tre 
IS  a  short  one.  A  stake  is  sunk  about  3  fiithoms  in  mud 
it  is  generally  15  fiithoms  long,  8  of  which  are  bmied  u 
the  mud,  10  in  water,  and  about  2  over  the  snifiMe.  Oi 
the  occasion  of  sinking  a  stake,  two  boats  are  pot  t^getbe 
and  anchored  fore  and  aft,  with  anchors  of  about  2  cwl 
each,  leaving  a  vgsob  of  about  a  quarter  £ithom  betweei 
the  two,  and  two  cross  beams  ai«  tied  orer  the  boats,  ii 
order  that  they  may  remain  firm  and  close  together,  a» 
hold  the  stake  between  the  reserved  space,  the  lower  em 
of  wluch  (the  stake)  is  let  down,  tied  up  with  hvge  an( 
heavy  stones,  or  anchors  of  a  large  sise.  In  order  to  sbiJ 
it  below  they  tie  four  ropes  at  me  top  of  the  stake,  ead 
of  about  2  or  2\  inches ;  these  ropes  are  fivtened  to  tb 
masts  of  the  boats  with  blocks,  and  some  of  the  people  o 
the  b(Mits  (who  are  generally  between  SO  and  40)  pu] 
the  stake  down  by  standing  over  the  fine  parts  of  tb 
boats,  and  let  it  into  the  water  in  a  straight  Ime  with  tb 
others,  through  the  space  allotted  tot  tlmt  purpose,  whe 
it  is  sunk  in  the  manner  above  represented.  lUs  open 
tion  is  performed  when  there  is  full  tide;  and  as  th 
stake  is  hdd  between  the  two  boate,  tied  up  with  th 
ropes  above  alluded  to,  it  is  driven  down  faj  toe  fi>roe  o 
the  boats,  which  sink  also  as  much  as  the  water;  so  sooi 
as  the  ropes  become  slack  they  are  made  fiut  oiver  aiM 
over. 

2  The  bark  of  the  tree  (Babal  bark),  used  in  givioj 
colour  to  the  net,  accompanies  this  bearing,  and  erei 
number  (No.  2).  A  new  net,  prior  to  being  used,  most  b 
boUed  in  water  in  copper  pots,  with  chunam  or  lime,  fb 
two  days  and  two  nights,  and  then  it  nuij  be  used  fo 
three  days,  when  it  should  be  washed  and  coloured.  A] 
the  nets,  it  may  be  understood,  are  nuMk  of  twine^  will 
the  exception  of  the  Wavree  net^  which  is  made  o 
thread. 

3  Each  net,  called  dole  net,  is  22  fiithoms  long,  11 
broad,  and  is  made  of  the  shape  of  a  bag,  but  wide  at  th 
mouth  (15  fathoms),  and  narrow  at  the  end  (about 
fathoms),  meshes  8  inches  wide  at  the  mouth,  and  re 
duced  in  proportion,  so  as  to  be  half  an  inch  wide  at  tb 
end.  On  throwing  it  into  the  sea,  the  mouth  on  hot! 
sides  is  fastened  to  the  stakes  at  the  distance  of  10  Csthotn 
each,  which  is  the  space  reserved  between  the  stake 
Each  side  is  fastened  to  a  ring  put  on  the  stake,  the  uppt 
edge  is  held  up,  and  the  lower  no  sooner  is  tied  to  tfa 
rmg  than  it  goes  down  as  fiur  as  8  fathoms,  by  the  weig): 
of  a  stone  which  is  kept  always  tied  up  to  the  girth.  ^ 
line  across  is  also  tied  up  between  tne  two  stakea,  t 
which  the  upper  edge  of  the  net  is  tied  just  in  the  middli 
in  order  that  it  may  not  remain  loose  and  obetruct  t)i 
entiy  of  the  fish.  It  may  be  stated  that  before  throwin 
the  net  into  the  sea,  its  fioatingend  is  tied  up  and  secure 
fast  to  prevent  the  escape  of  the  fish.  £Uu;n  boat  carrk 
four  or  five  nets,  and  sometimes  three,  but  not  more  thai 
five  under  any  circumstances.  On  the  occasion  of  fisl 
ing,  when  there  is  full  tide,  the  mouth  of  the  net  is  kq: 
on  the  side  of  the  harbom*,  in  order  that,  on  the  tide  i^ 
ceding,  the  fish  going  out  may  enter  the  net,  and  throoic 
the  strength  of  the  current  run  down  to  the  end  of  th 
net,  where  all  the  fish  join  together ;  and  vice  r^rsd  b  tb 
case  on  the  occasion  of  the  insress  of  the  water.  O 
pulling  the  net,  they  draw  the  lower  end  up,  and  afi< 
taking  it  on  board  they  open  the  end  and  cmaw  the  ft& 


D£PKKDSNaR8.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


925 


out.  The  fishing  operation  by  the  stakei  commenoes  by 
the  10th  of  the  moon,  and  laata  until  the  20th,  when  affain 
by  the  26th  it  leoommenoes,  which  lasts  until  the  6m  of 
the  moon,  thus  the  operation  is  carried  on  twice  in  a 
month ;  each  day  after  fishing,  the  net  is  brought  home, 
washed  or  dipped  once  or  twice  in  salt  water,  and  exposed 
to  air  for  a  little  while,  and  taken  back  aoain  for  fishing. 
During  Uie  neap-tides,  when  the  operation  ceases,  t^s 
nets  are  brought  home^  washed  thoroughly  in  sweet  water, 
coloured  if  necessarjr,  and  dried  in  the  sun.  Unless  this 
be  done,  the  fish  would  not  fall  in,  but  keep  afar  ofl^  from 
the  nets  haring  become  ofiensiye.  The  meshes  are  wide 
at  the  mouth,  and  narrow  at  the  end.  The  fish  generally 
caught  are  mostly  bomloes  and  prawns,  large  and  smaU 
oooryins,  pomphlets,  soles,  shrimps,  and  many  other  sorts 
of  small  fish,  sold  in  Bombay  Bazaar.  Each  stake  made 
of  wood  costs  40  rupees,  and  if  cocoa-nut  tree  15  rupees  ; 
the  former  is  durable,  and  can  last  about  eight  years,  and 
the  latter  three  or  four  yean  only.  Each  dole-net  costs 
40  rupees. 

4  The  stakes  are  generally  remoyed  firom  the  sea  in  the 
month  of  May,  and  fixed  again  in  the  month  of  October, 
because  they  are  subject  to  beinff  broken  during  the 
south-west  monsoon;  but  those  Uiat  are  fixed  in  the 
riyer,  or  inner  harbour,  are  allowed  to  remain  throughout 
the  year.  No  implements  or  instruments  are  used,  such 
as  weapons,  &c.,  for  killing  and  taking  the  fish  out  of  the 
net.  They  are  generally  taken  out  ^  bamboo  baskets, 
large  and  small,  such  as  are  required  and  suited  to  the 
pun>ose^  the  cost  of  which  yaries  firom  one  to  two  annas 
each. 

6  If  in  case  a  large  fish,  such  as  a  shark  or  seal  fish, 
enter  a  net,  they  deyour  small  fish,  and  tear  off  and  de- 
stroy the  net.  In  this  case  it  cannot  be  mended  hr 
othm  but  those  that  are  well  yersed  in  its  making.  Lf 
in  mending  a  mesh  is  made  larger  or  smaller  thui  the 
usual  proportion,  it  giyes  way  soon  again  in  the  same 
place  m>m  straining.  Thus  the  information  relatiye  to 
fishing  by  stakes  is  complete,  so  far  as  the  mode  generally 
obsenred  by  the  fishermen  of  Worlee,  Mahim,  Dharawee, 
and  Sdon  ;  but  the  fishermen  of  Bombay,  who  fish  in  12 
fiithoms  water,  haye  their  stakes  19  fathoms  lonsr ;  they 
are  sunk  in  proportion  to  about  3  feet  in  mud,  12  in 
water,  and  4  aboye  the  surfiice.  Their  net  is  25  fathoms 
long,  wide  at  the  mouth  20  fathoms,  on  each  side  10 
fiftthoms,  and  applied  in  the  space  of  14  fathoms,  which 
is  the  width  or  space  reservea  between  the  two  stakes. 
Each  stake  is  made  of  four  pieces  of  wood,  cost  about 
60  rupees,  and  the  cost  of  the  net  is  80  rupees.  Each 
boat  carries  two  nets  only;  meshes  at  the  mouth  12  inches 
wide,  and  at  the  end  half  an  inch. 

6  In  dole  fishing  at  Bombay  and  Sewree  they  generally 
take  two  nets  in  a  ooat,  a  nakhwa,  or  the  owner,  proyides 
a  boat  with  sails,  oars,  ropes,  &c.,  complete,  as  also  the 
stakes,  together  with  nets,  and  all  other  implements  re- 
ouired  for  the  purpose  of  fishing ;  in  £sct,  ne  bears  all 
the  expenses  connected  with  it,  and  in  return  takes  two- 
thirds  of  the  fish  obtained,  the  rest  goes  to  the  crew ;  but 
if  ooorrin,  which  is  a  larse  and  yaluable  fish,  all  such  fish 
goes  to  his  share,  in  which  the  crews  are  not  allowed  to 
participate.  If  any  small  fish,  it  is  diyided  in  three,  two 
parts  of  it  are  taken  by  the  owner,  and  one  by  the  crew. 

7  Dole  fishing  of  Worlee,  Mahim,  Dharawee,  and  Sdon 
differs  somewhat  from  the  aboye  in  respect  to  distribu- 
tion. They  take  generally  four  or  fiye  nets  in  a  boat : 
an  owner  of  a  b^  and  net  takes  four  shares,  if  of  a 
net  only  takes  two  shares,  and  each  Lascar  or  crow  one 
sharp ;  all  and  eyery  sort  of  fish  obtained,  whether  large 
or  small,  is  included  in  this  distribution,  and  no  excep- 
tion made  as  in  the  case  of  Bombay  dole. 

8  A  paul  net  is  60  fathoms  long  and  2  broad.  The 
fish  caught  in  this  is  of  seyeral  kmds — bing,  pomphlets 
white,  sea-sharks,  and  seyeral  other  small  sorts  of  fish, 
with  the  exception  of  bomloes  and  prawns.  Each  boat 
contains  ten  or  twelye  men  carrying  nets  at  the  rate  of 
three  per  head;  meshes  5  inches.  Each  net  costs  six 
rnpeet.    Iliis  eicurtion  if  carried  on  from  the  20th  to 


the  8th  of  the  moon,  from  September  to  ICarch,  between 
15  and  25  fathoms  of  water  outside  the  harbour. 

9  A  p€U9  net  ia  40  fiithoms  long  and  2  broad.  Eadi 
boat  contains  ten  or  twelye  men,  and  take  nets  at  the  rate 
of  three  per  head.  Meshes  6  inches  each.  Net  costs 
58  rupees.  The  fish  obtained  is  mostly  black  pomphlets, 
sharks,  and  a  few  white  pomphlets.  The  mode  of  throw- 
ing nets  is  the  same  as  that  of  wagra,  described  in  the 
loth  paragraph.  This  fishing  is  earned  on  from  the  20th 
to  the  8th  of^the  moon,  during  fiye  months,  fix>m  April  to 
August,  in  15  or  20  fathoms  of  water  out  of  harbour. 

10  Nets  for  deep-water  fishing,  say  between  6  and  8 
fathoms,  are  called  wagra,  each  80  fr^homs  in  length  and 
2  in  breadth.  It  is  let  go  straight  down  below  in  the 
water,  tied  up  with  a  buoy-rope.  The  fish  obtained  in 
this  excursion  is  large  [shir  fif hj,  salmon-fish,  oooryin,  &e. 
The  price  of  this  net  is  six  rupees  i  the  sise  of  mesh  is  7 
inches.  Th^  pull  the  net  into  the  boat,  and  draw  the  fish 
out.  This  fishing  is  only  during  the  fiill  tide.  Each  boat 
takes  six  or  seyen  men,  and  the  nets  are  taken  at  the  rate 
of  three  per  head.  Each  not  has  a  stick  interwoyen  in  it 
at  the  distance  of  li  fathoms,  and  at  the  end  a  stone  is 
tied,  in  order  to  sink  it  below.  On  the  occasion  of  thrown 
ing  the  nets  into  the  sea  they  unsail  the  boat,  and  tie  each 
net  with  the  other,  and  throw  them  down  altogether,  by 
fastening  one  end  to  the  boat.  This  fishing  is  carried  on 
generally  throughout  the  year,  and  obtains  generally  no 
other  fish  but  OMlah,  and  sometimes  sahnon-fiah. — (SOUr 
IfahL) 

11  Arauyass,  or  salmon-net,  is  20  fiUJioms  long  and  1^ 
broad.  One  boat,  containing  six  men,  takes  frcnn  20  to 
25  nets,  and  sails  about  the  narbour  in  Uie  riyer  during 
moonlight  nights,  and  the  fish  obtained  is  generally  salmon- 
fish,  and  sel£>m  pomphlets.  Meshes  4  inches ;  and  the 
cost  of  the  net  is  four  rupees.  Large  canoes  also  proceed 
on  this  excursion  within  the  riyer.  During  dark  nights 
this  operation  is  unproduotiye,  as  the  fish  is  not  then  ob- 
tainable, and  therefore  they  proceed  only  in  moonlight 
nights.    It  is  carried  on  from  Noyember  to  March. 

12  A  peia  net  is  40  fiithoms  long  and  li  broad,  thrown 
in  f  fatnoms  of  water,  and  held  by  throe  men  at  each 
end.  This  excursion  is  dail^  and  constantly  in  progress 
at  the  commencement  of  tide  and  ebb  tide;  and  the 
fish  obtained  is  of  small  kind,  generalljr  mullets,  prawns, 
needle-fish,  and  haddy-fish.  Jl^shes  f  inch ;  the  cost  is 
60  rupees.  This  excursion  is  oanried  on  throughout  the 
year. 

18  A  weddy  net  is  5  fathoms  long  and  2^  broad.  Two 
men  aro  employed  fijshing,  one  at  each  end,  and  one  at- 
tends them  with  a  basket,  or  shoulder,  to  pick  up  fish  and 
put  them  into  the  basket.  The  cost  of  each  nci  is  seyen 
rupees  ;  meshes  |  of  inch.  This  excursion  is  made  at  any 
time  of  the  day  or  night.  The  fish  caucht  in  this,  as  in 
the  preceding  one,  c^led  peia  net,  and  the  excursion  is 
carried  on  throughout  the  year. 

14  A  waua  fishing.  In  this  excursion  peia  nets  aro 
used,  as  many  as  required  to  be  laid  on  the  space  of  ground 
wished  to  occupy  for  the  purpose  on  shorey  say  about 
100  fathoms  in  length.  They  proceed  on  this  excursioii 
when  the  water  is  low,  and  the  spot  nearly  dry,  when 
they  lay  down  one  end  of  the  net  oyer  the  ground  in  a 
circuitous  manner,  and  fix  sticks  about  2  £sthoms  long 
oyer  it,  at  a  certain  distance  from  each  other,  and  apply 
mud  to  that  part  spread  on  the  ground,  to  preyent  its 
fioatinff  up  and  set  the  upper  part  loose.  On  the  tide 
being  mil  they  go  to  the  spot  in  a  oanoe,  lift  up  the  other 
part  set  loose,  and  fasten  it  to  the  stioks»  with  which  thsj 
make  a  drouitous  wall  of  the  net  all  roimd  on  three  sides 
in  the  water  (the  fourth  a  back),  say  about  li  fathoms  in 
height,  to  preyent  the  return  or  escape  of  the  fish  which 
has  gone  towsjrds  shoro  on  the  ebb  tide  setting  in,  and 
thus  the  fish  that  haye  run  down  aro  secured  in  the  space 
surrounded ;  and  on  the  water  being  low,  they  catch  the 
fish  by  hand,  and  put  them  into  the  baskets  they  oanr 
about.  In  this  excursion  much  fish  is  caught  of  dii- 
feront  descriptions,  and  particularly  when  thero  is  mud 
mullet ;  but  it  can  be  effected  only  during  spring-tidii 


926 


EAST  INDIES. 


[CklLOVIKS  AKD 


twice  in  each  month,  saj  about  four  days  during  each 
spring.  O^-fiflh,  prawns  large  and  small,  claps,  needle- 
fish, haddy-nsh,  &c.,  are  obtained. 

15  A  wavree  net  is  10  fathoms  long  and  1  broad.  The 
fish  caught  in  this  are  small  mullet  and  haddy-fish  within 
the  harbomr  j  meshes  1  inch.  They  proceed  m  a  canoe 
made  of  a  single  timber,  which  takes  three  men  and  ei^ht 
or  ten  nets.  The  cost  is  five  rupees  per  net.  This  fishmg 
is  carried  on  in  the  months  of  November,  December, 
January,  and  February,  during  moon-light,  on  the  spring- 
tide, in  three  or  four  uthoms  of  water. 

16  A  paug  net  (carp-net)  is  of  the  shape  of  a  bugle,  H 
fiithoms  long,  and  3  feet  in  circumference  at  the  mouth, 
and  narrow  at  the  end,  where  it  is  completely  closed.  At 
its  mouth  small  pieces  of  lead  plate  are  interwoven  at  the 
distance  of  2  inches,  in  order  to  make  it  weighty,  so  as  to 
go  deep.  It  is  thrown  in  a  peculiar  way :  a  man  holds  it 
on  his  elbow,  and  throws  it  (by  spreading  its  mouth)  into 
the  water,  tying  the  end  with  a  thin  rope  to  the  wrist  of 

•  his  left  hand.  The  fish  obtained  is  wekhroo,  shimgalah, 
khu^oora,  mullet,  craid-fish,  &c. ;  but  the  quantity  ob- 
tained is  always  small.  Meshes  1  inch ;  the  cost  of  each 
net  is  five  rupees.  This  excursion  is  in  about  }  fathoms, 
at  any  time  of  the  day  or  night,  and  continued  throughout 
the  year. 

17  Hook-fishing  is  within  8  fathoms,  either  in  the  river 
or  in  open  sea.     It  is  made  by  a  line  about  50  fathoms 

•  long.  A  hook,  tied  to  a  piece  of  twine  about  a  foot  long, 
is  fastened  to  the  line  at  the  distance  of  a  fathom,  and 
thus  one  line  contains  50  hooks  ;  a  prawn,  or  any  other 
small  fish,  is  appUed  to  each  hook.  Two  or  three  men 
proceed  in  a  canoe  :  to  one  end  of  the  line  a  large  piece  of 
wood  is  tied  to  keep  the  line  floating,  which  they  throw 
in  the  water,  and  fasten  the  other  end  to  the  boat.  The 
fish  obtained  are  generally  large,  and  of  the  description 
called  shimffalah,  wave,  wekhroo,  samb,  skate,  and  snark. 
The  cost  oi  the  line,  with  hooks,  &c.,  complete,  is  three 
rupees.    This  fishing  is  called  "  khauda." 

18  Dorlee,  or  hook-fishing,  is  also  in  3  fathoms  water, 
either  in  river  or  sea,  by  a  line  about  25  fathoms  long,  with 
hooks  tied  at  the  distance  of  about  i  fathom  each,  at  the 
end  of  the  line.  Thus  one  Une  does  not  contain  more 
than  three  or  four  hooks :  a  prawn,  or  any  other  small 
fish,  is  applied  to  each  hook,  and  the  rest  of  the  line  is 
reserved  for  holding  on,  and  setting  loose  in  the  sea  as 
much  as  the  fish  may  struggle  and  run  along  with  it. 
This  line  has  a  ball  of'^  lead  at  one  end,  by  the  weight  of 
which  it  goes  immediately  to  the  bottom.  One  man  goes 
in  a  canoe  on  this  excursion,  and  the  fish  obtained  is 
shimgalah,  wekhroo,  dhomee,  samb,  and  seldom  small 
sabnon-fish.  The  cost  of  the  line,  with  hooks,  &c.,  com- 
plete, is  8  annas. 

19  The  mode  of  fishing  in  the  adjacent  salt-water  inlets, 
such  as  Penn  Biver,  Kagotua,  Pauwell,  Ooruu^  Carauja, 
&c.,  is  mostly  by  "  waua,"  the  description  of  which  is  given 
in  paragraph  14. 

20  There  are  no  pots  made  for  keeping  the  fish ;  but 
the  fish  are  generally  put  and  kept  in  baskets  made  of 
bamboo  ;  each  basket  carries  a  weight  of  about  1\  maund, 
and  if  a  larger  basket,  3  maunds.  The  fish  is  conveyed 
generally  on  the  head,  by  women  belonging  to  the  fishermen. 
A  man  carries  fish,  if  larger  quantity,  in  two  baskets  on  a 
sling.  The  baskets  used  are  both  large  and  small,  according 
to  the  siae  and  quantity  of  fish  they  may  have  to  convey. 

21  In  daldee  fishing,  they  make  use  of  paul,  pass, 
wagra,  and  rauvass  nets.  Those  of  Mahim  and  Worley 
have  a  particular  way  of  distributing  proceeds  amongst 
their  crews.  Each  man  takes  three  nets,  and  all  such  nets 
as  are  taken  in  a  boat  are  tied  together  with  each  other 
and  thrown  into  the  sea.  Any  fish  obtained  in  such  three 
nets  belonging  to  one  man  is  taken  by  him  alone :  his 
comrades  are  not  allowed  to  share  in  it.  Every  man  has 
his  special  marks  to  liis  nets,  by  wliich  they  are  distin- 
guished and  recognised.  In  fiact,  the  owner  of  such  net  as 
may  catch  fish  will  be  benefited  alone,  and  no  others. 
Tlio  owner  of  the  boat  is  remunerated  with  fish,  at  the 
rate  of  4  to  a  cargo  of  21. 


22  With  the  daldee  fishing  of  Bombay  bartKHir  the 
is  the  reverse  of  the  above.  They  distribute  the  prize 
equally  amongst  them  all,  without  any  exceptioa  what- 
ever, whether  the  nets  of  all  be  productire  or  not ;  and 
the  owner  of  the  boat  is  remunenied  with  fish,  at  the  rate 
of  5  to  a  cargo  of  21 . 

28  Bomloes  are  dried  at  several  places  in  the  Tieinity  cA 
Bombay,  and  cured  with  salt.  The  quantity  of  fish  is  at- 
timatea  to  be  annually  as  follows  : — 

At  Worlee,  about 20  lacs. 

At  Mahim,  Dharawee,  and  Sdon  . .        .     20    „ 


THE  LnOTS 


Class  XXX. 

Fine  Abts,  as  fab  as  thst  come  wrruin 

OF  THE  ExHismoir. 

(A.)  Sculpture  and  Models  ofFS^fures. 
Clay  figures,  manufiitctured  in  Kishnaghnr,  and  repte- 
senting  the  various  castes  and  professions  of  the  Hindooa 
viz. : — Sheristadar  or  head  native  officer  of  a  ooort  oi 

{'ustice ;  sirdar-bearer  or  valet ;  chaprassee  or  messenger ; 
>histee  or  water<»rrier;  brojobassee  or  armed  watchman : 
sircar  or  account-keeper ;  du-runner  or  man  who  carriei 
the  Qovemment  mail;  abdar  or  man  who  ooob  tlu 
water ;  cart  with  bullocks ;  natives  of  Ben^  makini 
sugar ;  khamar  or  Bengal  blacksmith ;  bhin-wallah  m 
native  shepherd ;  sawyers ;  prisoner ;  khanttamah  m 
butler;  kitmutgar  or  table-servant ;  mahter  or  sweeper; 
^ah  or  maid-servant ;  woman  of  Bengal  carrying  water ; 
Bengal  fisherman;  Chinaman  resident  in  Calcutta;  hookal 
bur£ir ;  women  cleaning  rice ;  Bengal  shopkeeper  weigh 
ing  rice;  Bengal  musician  playing  on  the  trumpet 
Bengal  weaver  preparing  the  thread ;  Bengal  milkman 
sweetmeat  baker ;  Beneal  conveyance  for  women ;  wood 
hoo  bahoo  or  a  Hindoo  religious  mendicant;  Benga 
musician ;  massaljee  or  link-bau;er ;  baberchee  or  cook 
durzee  or  tailor ;  syce  or  groom ;  dhai  or  nurse  ;  dhobii 
or  washerman ;  shopuriah  or  snake-charmer ;  woman  o 
Bengal  spinning ;  woman  of  Bengal  cleaning  cotton  ;  ok 
Brahmin  at  his  devotions ;  pundit  or  learned  Hindoo 
Bengal  netmaker ;  Indian  b«»>ber ;  mallee  or  gardener 
husbandman ;  soonar  or  goldsmith ;  ploughing  ;  hannow 
ing ;  women  grinding  rice ;  chumar  or  shoemaker ;  mu 
sician  playing  on  the  fiddle ;  Bengal  potter ;  chowkeeda; 
or  villa^  watchman ;  Bengal  musicians  playing  on  th 
drum  and  cymbals ;  Bengal  singer ;  Bengal  womai 
carrying  a  chUd ;  Bengal  haker ;  mistree  or  carpenter 
man  preparing  cotton ;  coolee  or  Bengal  porter ;  davk 
banghy-burdar  or  man  who  carries  the  post-office  parcels 
fiikeer  or  Mussulman  religious  mendicant ;  old  Brahmin 

Models  of  natives  of  different  castes.  These  are  manu 
fiictured  at  Qokak,  in  the  Belgaum  Collectorate^  an< 
Southern  Mahratta  country.  Thej  are  only  made  t 
order,  and  do  not  form  an  article  of  report. 

Lobar  or  blacksmith ;  pooraneeh ;  Hindoo  pattawaDah 
weaver ;  dhobie  or  washerman ;  well  and  people  washing 
buffaloe;  Bengal  bheestee  or  water-carrier ;  mohar;  Mui 
mulman  woman ;  carpenter ;  bheestee  and  bullock  ;  col 
ton  printer ;  cheeta  or  hunting  leopard  and  cart ;  palax 
quin  with  bearers ;  potter ;  sepoy ;  shetsundee ;  by^^^' 
Wychnew;  byragershir;  woman  grinding ;  byrageewiti 
dog;  Brahnun  sirdar;  Mahratta  sirdar;  coombee  an 
bullock ;  suwar  or  horseman ;  elephant ;  potter  wit! 
wheel ;  tailor  or  durzee ;  carcom ;  sepoy  mahrattcv 
Brahnoin  ;  Brahmin  wife  and  child  ;  Mussulman  sepoy 
nurse  with  child ;  banian ;  jungum ;  Moosulman  ;  brui 
jaree. 

Model  of  a  Jamma  Bundi.  Collector  making  the  anniu 
jambundi,  Dharwar.  Every  caste  in  the  Dukkun,  togethc 
with  tents,  trees,  &c.  This  was  made  in  plaster  at  Pooui 
and  is  presented  for  exhibition  by  Mr.  Mansfield  of  tb 
Civil  Service. 

The  following  is  a  description  of  it : — 

"  It  represents  the  encampment  of  a  collector  whiL 
moving  about  on  the  annual  tour  through  his  distric 
His  camp  is  pitched  in  a  Maugoe  t<^  or  grove,  at  a  sho 


Depbsdkncieb.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


927 


distanoe  from  a  small  village.  A  section  of  the  wall  or 
fort  surroonding  the  village  is  exhibited,  in  the  inside  of 
which  are  rows  of  houses  with  shops,  displaying  for  sale 
grain,  and  all  kinds  of  petty  merchandise.  A  river  flows 
hj  the  outside  of  the  fort,  and  on  the  banks  of  it  is 
portrayed  that  busy  scene  which  is  so  peculiar  to  Indian 
life — men  and  women  washing  cloths,  laying  them  out  to 
dry,  filling  their  pitchers  with  water,  mRlrinflr  their  ablu- 
tions, Slc,  a  bridge  is  thrown  across  the  nver,  leading 
direct  to  the  door  of  the  fort.  In  another  part  are  fiel£ 
of  standing  com,  a  crop  of  jowary,  and  of  sugar-cane; 
adjoining  them  is  a  thrashing  place,  where  the  oxen  are 
treading  out  the  com,  and  the  cultivators  in  a  contiguous 
spot  winnowing  and  preparing  it  for  market ;  another  field 
is  being  ploughed  and  prepared  for  sowing.  Next  is  a 
well  with  bullocks  drawmg  water  for  irrigation  with  the 
leathern  bucket  or  mot'h. 

**  The  collector  himself  is  seated  inside  the  double-poled 
tent,  and  is  supposed  to  be  engaged  in  making  the  Jumma 
bundy,  or  settlement  for  the  current  year's  revenue.  He  is 
surrounded  by  the  manletdar  and  the  other  revenue  officers 
of  the  district,  with  a  number  of  Carkoons  seated  around. 
A  large  bodv  of  ryots  is  collected  at  the  door  of  the  tent, 
petitioning  for  "soot,**  or  remission  of  part  of  their  revenue 
payments.  Groups  of  them  are  seated  here  and  there 
round  the  adjoinmg  trees,  where  they  are  having  their 
petitions  written  out  bv  the  coolkumeee  or  village  account- 
ants. Besides  the  double-poled  tent,  there  is  a  beehoba,  or 
sleeping  tent,  and  an  office  rowtee,  and  in  the  rear  are  a 
larse  lot  of  rowtees  and  palls  for  the  use  of  the  butler,  cook, 
and  other  servants.  The  horses  are  picketed  at  a  short 
distance  off,  and  near  them  are  the  camels  and  bullock  carts 
engaged  for  the  transport  of  the  tents  and  baggage.  There 
are  numerous  other  scenes  descriptive  of  a  camp  life  on 
this  bustling,  important  occasion ;  but  it  would  occupy  too 
much  space  to  describe  them.  There  are  altogether  about 
800  figures  of  all  kinds.  The  tents  are  ma^e  of  wood, 
with  a  white  cloth  covering  pasted  over  them.  The  temples, 
houses,  and  section  of  the  village  are  also  cut  out  of  wood 
and  coloured ;  but  all  the  animals  and  figures  are  of  the 
Poonah  plaster-work.  The  whole  is  exhibited  on  a  large 
wooden  platform  nine  feet  square.  A  list  of  all  the 
figures,  with  the  numbers  on  them,  denoting  their  position 
on  the  platform,  has  been  enclosed  in  one  of  the  boxes. 
This  will  senre  as  a  sort  of  kev  for  arranging  the  whole." 

Thirty-five  figures  in  wood  from  the  Bajah  of  Jodhpore. 

Figures  of  the  principal  sects,  male  and  female,  at 
Cochin  and  Travanoore,  exhibited  by  T.  E.  J.  Boileau,  Esq. 

Model  of  European  court  of  justice  in  the  provinces, 
made  by  a  native  modeller,  Jessore. 

Model  of  a  natiTC  court  of  justice  in  India. 

Model  of  a  silk  factory,  by  Mr.  Cockbum,  of  Moorshe- 
dabad. 

Model  of  an  indigo  factory. 

Messrs.  Watson's  model  of  a  native  oil  mill. 

Model  of  a  farm  establishment.     Java,  vid  Singapore. 

Model  of  a  Burmese  house  of  the  higher  class. 

Model  of  a  Burmese  pagoda,  gilt,  with  images  and  orna- 
ments. 

Model  of  a  priest's  house  in  Burma. 

Images  of  Burmese  man  and  woman. 

Image  of  Qodomah  on  his  earthly  throne,  as  king  of 
kings. 

Image  of  Godomah  fSuting  for  four  years  protected  by 
aa  enormous  serpent. 

Imago  of  Gtxlomah's  last  appearance  on  earth. 

Image  of  Amnondal,  brother  to  Godomah. 

Model  of  the  Cliuruk  Pooja,  a  religious  penance  prac- 
tised in  Bengal. 

Stone  sewala  or  Hindoo  temple,  from  Mirzaporc. 

Stone  model  of  Hindoo  temple,  presented  by  Baboo 
Futty  Naryn  Sing  of  Benares. 

Model  of  unfinished  roygoporum  or  entrance  to  the 
pagoda  at  Stroerungum  ;  model  of  Nagasoorum  pagoda  at 
Combaoonum,  from  Trichinopoly. 

Model  in  pitli  of  Nultu  or  »holak  plant  (4f!s<*hynomeno 
•spera),  by  Lieut-Colonel  Bumey. 


Two  smaller  figures  :  Mr.  Gandy. 

Painted  wooden  tray  (Khyrpoor).  This  was  sent  dow:i 
among  the  collection  of  articles  forwarded  for  the  Great 
Exhibition  by  H.  H.  Meer  Ali  Morad,  and  has  thereforo 
been  transmitted.  It  bears  a  good  representation  of  tho 
manner  in  which  the  ceilings  oi  the  best  houses  in  Sindli 
are  ornamented. 

Stone  intashos : — Gunesh,  Burmah,  Bishen  Dabee, 
Muchk,  Kuchk,  Barah,  Nursing,  Bawon,  Pursooram,  Ram 
Chunder,  Bulram,  Boudh,  Kulunke,  Badha  Krishen, 
Badha  of  the  Sun,  Badha  of  the  Moon,  Ooma  Musheswar, 
Inder  Koomaree,  Urjoon,  Suhden,  Bheemsen,  Narayan, 
Hunooman,  Indrainee,  Burhmanee,  Boodranee,  Maha 
Luchmee,  Bhugwatee,  Kalee,  Koomar,  Munjoosree,  Duck- 
hen  Kalee,  Bulbhuder,  Bhvrub,  Kal  Moorti  Bhyrub, 
Mahakal,  Singhnee,  Bayaghumse,  Guroor,  Kuwondh, 
Khayah,  Gourse — representing  the  mythology  of  the 
Nepaulese,  exhibited  by  His  Highness  the  Rajah  of 
Nepaul. 

SnameUing, 

Enamelling  (Cutch).  This  is  a  small  knife,  or  dagger, 
watered  like  a  Khorasan  blade,  which  it  probably  is,  tho 
sheath  only  having  been  made  in  Cutch. 

EnamclUng  (Sindh).  This  is  a  large  knife,  probably  of 
Khorasan  manufacture,  with  sheaths  enameUed  in  Sindh. 

Enamelling  (Khyrpoor).  This  is  another  knife  similar 
to  the  foregoing,  sent  among  the  collection  fr^m  H.  H. 
Meer  Ali  Moor^. 

Gk>ld  bangles,  enamelled.  These  form  part  of  the  col- 
lection from  H.  H.  Meer  Ali  Moorad,  and  were  not  opened. 

Enamelling  (Indore).  Tliis  b  called  "  dasoostare,"  and 
is  manufactured  at  Jcypore.     R.  C.  Hamilton,  Esq. 

Model  of  a  gateway  (Cutch)  in  silver,  with  toujon  and 
bearers.  This  is  a  model  of  the  gateway  to  the  palace  of 
H.  H.  the  Rao  of  Cutch  at  Booj.     It  was  made  at  Booi. 

Model  of  a  musjed.  This  is  a  specimen  of  one  of  the 
wooden  models  for  which  Ahmedabad  is  famous.  It  is  the 
property  of  Mr.  Mansfield,  of  the  Bombay  Civil  Service. 

Model  of  a  chuburdee,  or  Hindoo  cenotaph  (Cutch). 
This  is  made  of  red  wood  from  Africa.  It  is  I  foot  3  \  inches 
long,  114  inches  broad,  and  10  inches  high. 

Model  in  wood  of  a  Hindoo  temple  (Cutch).  Tliis  is 
made  of  sandal-wood.  It  is  1  foot  7  inches  long,  the  same 
broad,  and  1  foot  1^  inch  high.     Rao  of  Cutch. 

CiUigraph^f. 

Persian  manuscripts,  executed  by  the  Caligrapher  to 
the  King  of  Oude. 

The  same,  executed  with  the  nails  of  the  thumb  and 
second  finger  of  the  right  hand. 

Two  specimens  of  caligraphy  in  Persian,  two  ditto  in 
Nagree,  and  one  ditto  in  Persian  (running  hand),  executed 
at  Ulwar,  in  the  States  of  Rajpootana. 

A  highly-omamented  manuscript,  in  Persian  and  Giuec- 
ratee,  containing  an  address  of  tlianks  to  Sir  Jamsetieo 
Jcejoebhoy,  of  Bombay,  on  occasion  of  his  visiting  his 
native  town  of  Nowsaree,  near  Surat,  and  stating  in  (letail 
the  works  he  had  constructed  there  at  his  own  expense  for 
gratuitous  public  \xm^.  The  address  is  signed  by  two 
tliousand  persons.  Deposited  (at  the  request  of  the  com- 
mittee of  native  gentlemen  who  managed  the  address),  by 
Jevanjee  Pestonjee  and  Rustomjee  Viccajee,  EsK|rs. 

Dratcingi  representing  OccupationM^  Customs^  tf*c. 

Drawings  on  talc  of  the  servants  in  North-wei»t  Pro- 
vinces, and  of  the  attendants  and  Indian  articles  employetl 
in  the  Mahomedan  ceremony  of  the  Mohumim,  exliibited 
by  Mrs.  Royle. 

Drawings  on  talc  of  agricultural  operations,  trades  and 
castes,  and  senants,  of  southern  part  of  the  Peninsula  of 
India,  exhibited  by  T.  Boileau,  Esq. 

Book,  containing  paintings,  by  Buldeo. 

Water-colour  drawing,  by  a  native  artist  at  Ulwar. 

Set  of  water-colour  £awings,  renresenting  the  process 
of  the  opium  cultivation  and  mantitacturp  at  Patna. 

Another  set,  exliibiting  tlie  process  of  the  shell  brm*elet 
mnnufactiuv  in  Dacea. 


928 


EAST  INDIES. 


[COIOKIBS  AS1 


A  set  of  water-colour  drawings,  representing  the  plants 
wldch  the  various  species  of  silkworms  feed  upon. 

Another  set,  representing  Indian  athletics. 

Two  portraits,  Nabah  Bajah  and  his  £ftther,  from  the 
Kajah  of  Pattiala. 

Engravingt  on  Gems. 

Two  seals,  cut  in  stone — Sir  T.  Munro*s  monument  and 
the  lighthouse  at  Madras. 

Four  seals,  engraved  by  Budroodeen  Alee  Khan  of  Delhi, 
engraver  on  gems  for  the  native  Princes  of  India. 

1.  A  cornelian  seal  Shah  in  Shah  Solomon  Jah,  Kyuan 
Bargah,  Kuyan-oo-dihr  Sooltanoolbuhr  Mored  Ultaf-esud 
Bihman  Badshah  EngUshtan  o  Ireland,  Furman  Furmae 
Momalike  Hind,  Nasir  oodeen  i  Mussseeha  Mulkih  Mou* 
zimia.  Translation, — ^Victoria,  the  First  Monarch  of  the 
World,  as  Solomon  in  magnificence,  with  a  Court  like 
Saturn,  Empress  of  the  Age,  Sovereign  of  the  Seaa,  the 
Source  of  Beneficence,  by  the  Grace  of  GK>d  Queen  of 
England  and  Ireland,  Buler  of  the  Kingdoms  of  Hindoo- 
Stan,  Defender  of  the  Faith  of  Christ,  the  Qreat  Queen 
Victoria. 

2.  A  bloodstone  seaL  III  Moiud  bu  taeed  e  Illahee, 
Fukhr  Khandan  Shah  in  Shah  Brunswick,  Uneee  Mouziz 
Muilkih  Mouzuma  Shahzadah,  Bufee  ool  Qudr  walu  Shan 
wu  Suramud  Bargah  i  Englistan  Albert  Fxuncis  Augustus 
Charles  EmanueL  Translation. — The  distinguished  by 
the  aid  of  Gk>d,  the  noblest  of  the  family  of  Brunswick, 
the  Honoured  Consort  of  the  Great  Queen,  Prince,  highest 
in  rank,  great  in  dignity,  the  Chief  in  Excellenoe  ox  the 
English  Court,  Albert  F^ncis  Augustus  Charles  Emanuel. 

3.  An  emerald  signet  seal.  Badshah  e  Buhr  or  bur 
Adil  bu  taeed  i  Khoda.  Hookumran  dur  huft  Kishwur 
Mulkih,  Translation. — Victoria.  Sovereign  of  the  Sea 
and  Land.  The  Just,  by  the  favour  of  Gk>d,  Gk>vemor  of 
the  World  (or  the  Seven  Climates). 

4.  An  emerald  signet  seal.  Simply  the  Christian  names 
of  His  Boval  Highness  Prince  Albert. 

The  seals  and  signets  have  been  set  in  gold  by  native 
workmen  under  European  superintendence  in  Calcutta. — 
From  List  of  Articles  contributed  from  Bengal, 


In  addition  to  the  many  articles  purchased  by  the 
various  Committees  appointed  by  the  Indian  Qt)vemment3, 
and  enumerated  at  p.  858-59,  tne  following  are — 

Contributors  to  the  Exhibition  in  the  Bengal  Presidency. 

H.  M.  the  King  of  Oitde. 

H.  H.  the  Mahabajah  of  Nepal. 

H.  H.  the  Maharajah  Bao  Scikdiah  of  Gwaliob. 

H.  H.  the  Mahabajah  of  Naopobe. 

H.  H.  the  Mahabajah  of  Jodhpobb. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Kotah. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  Anfnd  Boy  of  Nattobe. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Boondee. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Jeypobb. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Biceaiteeb. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Jesselmebe. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Dholepobe. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Tone. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Sebohes. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Pebtaxtbgubh. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  TJlwab. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Bhubtpobe. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Kishengubh. 

H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Beteah. 

The  Nawab  of  Bampobe. 

Shah  Kxtbeeb  odd  deen,  of  Sasseram. 

Baboo  Deo  Nabayun,  of  Benares. 

Baboo  Futteh  Nabatxtn  Sing,  of  Benares. 

Baboo  Bam  G^paul  Ghose. 

Baboo  Joy  Kissen  Mookeyee. 

Deo  Shunkub  Silhet. 

Deo  Gopinauth  Debee  Pebsaxjd. 

Deo  Bam  Pebshan  Sing. 

Deo  CiiOTAo  Lall  Gunputsjee. 


Deo  Soboop  Chvnd  Doss,  of  Dacca. 
Khaja  Alee  Moolee,  of  Dacca. 

MuSHUT  PUBSNAMGEBS  of  lilBZAPOSS. 

Baboo  Kookeb  Qusa. 

Baboo  Dyal  Sing. 

Baboo  Bam  Pebshitk  Sino,  of  Benares. 

Syitd  Meeb  Looft  Ali,  of  Patna. 

Baboo  Gunga  Pebsaud  Qobsajx^  of  Somnpore. 

Budbodeen  Ali  Khav,  of  DelhL 

Baboo  Deenanath. 

Baboo  Doteskak. 

Baboo  Loksenath. 

Baboo  Meenibam. 

Moong  Shu  ay  Oong,  of  Moulmein. 

ASHANEOBA. 

Amoog,  a  Chinaman  settled  in  AMam. 
Assam  Tea  Company. 

COSSIPOBE  SUGAB  FaCTOBY. 

Shajehanpobe  Svgab  Faotoby. 
The  Bbsident  at  Nagpore. 
G.  C.  Cheap,  Esq.,  C.  S. 
E.  A.  Beads,  Esq.,  C.  S. 

B.  N.  Mytton,  Esq.,  C.  S. 
W.  H.  Tyleb,  Esq.,  C.  S. 
Dr.  T.  A.  Wise,  Dacca. 
Dr.  Falconeb,  Calcutta. 
Dr.  Jameson,  Calcutta. 
Dr.  M*Cleland,  Calcutta. 
Dr.  C.  HrrpFNAGLB,  Calcutta. 
Dr.  Walebb,  Calcutta. 

The  Bev.  M.  Stobck,  of  Chittaeong. 

The  Bev.  W.  T.  Humphbey,  of  Mouhneiii. 

The  Bev.  F.  Mason,  of  Moulmein. 

J.  Mabshman,  Esq.,  Serampore. 

Mrs.  Mabshman,  Serampore. 

Major  Jenkins,  Assam. 

Major  Hannay,  Assam. 

Captain  Beynolds,  Assam. 

Captain  Yetch,  Assam. 

Captain  Butleb,  Assam. 

Captain  Bbodib. 

Captain  D.  Beid 

Captain  A.  Phaybe,  Arrakan. 

Mr.  Simons,  Assam. 

Mr.  Mabtin,  Assam. 

W.  S.  Hudson,  Esq.,  Assam. 

C.  K.  Hudson,  Esq.,  Assam. 
Captain  Smith,  Assam. 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Mathie. 
Major  A.  Bogle,  Tenasserim. 
Captain  Mabquabd,  Chittagong. 
Captain  D.  Taplee. 

Captain  Bibdmobe,  M.  A. 

Lieutenant  Baibd,  M.  A. 

Lieutenant  Shabp,  M.  I. 

Dr.  MoBTON,  Moulmein. 

B.  C.  Macbae,  Esq.,  Moulmein. 

H.  S.  Austin,  Esq.,  Moulmein. 

B.  Begbie,  Esq.,  Moulmein. 

E.  O.  BiLEY,  Esq.,  Amherst. 

G.  B.  GoBDON,  Esq. 

A.  Wallace,  Esq.,  Monghyr. 

Messrs.  Teil,  of  Calcutta. 

Messrs.  Habton,  of  Calcutta,  Bope  Manu£acliirer& 

Messrs.  Thompson,  of  Calcutta,  Bope  Manufacturen 

Messrs.  J.  Monteith  and  Co.,  of  Calcutta. 

Messrs.  Yabdon,  of  Soojapore. 

Messrs.  Matheson  and  Co. 

Mr.  CocKBUBN,  of  Moorshedabad. 

Messrs.  Watson,  of  Moorshedabad. 

Mr.  Wabneb,  of  Moorshedabad. 

Mr.  Blechynden,  of  Moorshedabad. 

Mr.  W.  NoBBis,  of  Moulmein. 

Messrs.  Hamilton,  of  Mirzapore. 

D.  Jabdine,  Esq.,  of  Calcutta. 
A.  Emebson,  Esq.,  Calcutta. 


i 


^ 


Dbpendbvcies.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


929 


Drom  the  Board  of  AdmimistraHom  at  Lahore, 

H.  H.  Mahabajah  Goolab  Snro,  of  Caahmere. 
H.  H.  the  Bajah  of  Pattialla. 
Tho  Bakxe  Sookhan  of  SsHABUirpoaB. 
The  Bajah  of  Muvdotb. 
jor  Abbott,  Haura. 


Comiriiutarw  in  ^  Bombay  Pretidency. 

H.  H.  Mbbb  Aij  Moobad  of  Khtbpoob. 

Rao  of  Cutoh. 

B.  N.  C.  Hamiltov,  Esq.,  Bengal,  0.  S.,  Indore. 

W.  Makbfibld,  Eaq.,  0.  S. 

H.  Bbxtbs,  E8<i.,  0.  S. 

Dr.  Stocks,  Scinde. 

Dr.  GiBSOV,  Botanic  Ghurden,  Depooree. 

Coniribuior§  §»  the  Ifadrat  JPreiideney, 

Thb  Bajah  of  Tbataitcobs. 

Thb  Zamobiv  of  Caliout. 

Thb  Zbmbbdab  of  Yiziakaorah. 

Nawab  Sibuj-al-Moolk  of  Aubukoabad. 

G.  S.  Nabbaik,  Esq.,  of  Yisagapatam. 

T.  L.  Blakb,  Esq.,  0.  S. — Cannon  from  KumooL 

A.  Fbbbsb,  Esq.,  O.S. 
Datid  Pugh,  Esq. 

G.  F.  Fuchbb,  Esq.,  Salem. 

Dr.  Wight,  Coimbatore. 

Professor  J.  SlBT,  Madras. 

Captain  H.  S.  BuBinrr. 

W.  BOBDTBOV,  Esq.,  C.  S. 

Mrs.  BnrvBT  Kbt. 

Mrs.  S.  GooMDL 

Dr.  HvBTBB,  Madras. 

Lieut.'CoL  Tui«looh,  Commissaij^GeneraL 

Major-General  CuLUor,  Travanoore. 

Major  Smith,  M.  E. 

Captain  W.  H.  H0B8I.KT. 

Captain  A.  Obb,  M.  E. 

RE.  Mastbbs,  Esq. 

J.  Bhodbs,  Esq. 

Captain  B.  L.  Ooiltib. 

D.  Matbw,  Esq. 

Bev.  C.  P.  MvzzT. 

T.  BiBHOP,  Esq.,  Tanjore. 

Messrs.  Simpson,  of  Madras. 

OnUrOnUUmt  forwarded  2y  the  *'  Singapore  Committee** 

from — 

GoTiBinfEirr  of  Labvan. 
n.  Low,  Esq. 

SrLTAN  of  LiBOA. 

B.  Baik,  Esq. 

Messrs.  Almbtda,  of  Singt^re. 

ContribmHone  received  in  thie  Country  to  the  Indian 

Department. 

Her  Majestj  has  ffracbosly  permitted  the  presents  of 
the  Nawab  Nazim  of  Moorsbiedabad,  and  of  the  Bajah  of 
TraTanoore,  to  be  exhibited  in  the  Indian  department. 
The  former  consist  of  an  ivory  howdah,  with  elephant  trap- 
pings complete,  all  worked  in  gold  and  silver.  A  throne 
or  native  reception-seat,  with  canopy  and  silver  frame- 
work to  support  the  pillows.  T^o  moorchals,  an  emblem 
of  rank,  ana  two  palanquins,  one  for  state  occasions,  and 
the  other  without  a  canopy.  The  present  of  the  Bajah  of 
Travancore  consists  of  a  splendia  ivory  chair  of  state, 
with  footstool,  beautifully  carved  and  jewelled. 

His  Grace  the  Dukb  of  Dbtonsuibb  exhibits  a  silver 
filigree  snake  chain.  

Lieut.-CoL  Sykbs  exhibits  in  Classes  XYII.,  XXYI., 
and  XXVII. 

Lieut.-CoL  Caulfisld. — An  Indian  battlc-axo. 

Major  MooBB,  in  Classes  XX.,  XXIII.,  and  XXY. 

Captain  B.  Stbachbt,  B.E.,  in  Class  XII. 

CuABLBs  Bbap,  Esq.,  in  Class  XXIX.~A  sandal- 
wood box. 


J.  P.  BoTLE,  M.D.,  in  Class  IV. 

Mrs.  BoiTLB. — A  Benares  ffreen  and  gold  shawl  and 
turban  piece,  in  Classes  XV.  and  XXX. 

J.  Chafmak,  Esq.,  in  Classes  FV.  and  XXTX. 

Mr.  J.  Clabkson,  in  Class  IIL 

Mr.  J.  GLADDnro. — Pith  figures,  in  Class  XXX. 

Captain  James,  in  Classes  I.,  UI.,  XX.,  &c 

J.  Taylob,  Esq.,  in  Class  XL — Drawings  of  natives 
of  Dacca  employed  m  spinning,  warping,  &c,  and  in  pre- 
paring cloth. 

A.  A  Bobebts,  Esq.,  in  Classes  XV.  and  XX. 

T.  £.  J.  BoiLBAU,  Esq.,  in  CUssee  I.,  XVH., 
XXI.,  Ac.  

B.  G.  Potb,  Eaq.,  in  Class  XXX.— Translated  Indian 
and  American  inscriptions. 

G.  P.  JBNirBB,  Esq. — Picture  of  the  mosque  at 
Beejapore. 

Colonel  Baonold. — Model  of  field-gun. 

Captain  GoBPOK. — ^A  yataghan,  fi!x>m  Afighanistan. 

Mr.  Copland. — Kinkhob  and  daggers. 

Mr.  Samuel. — Shells,  chiefly  from  Singi^re. 

—  Camebok,  Esq. — I^oiT  plaited  into  a  mat. 

P.  Scott,  Esq. — Silver  filigree  inkstand. 

Mr.  Hodgson. — Tray  of  wools  and  fibrous  substances. 

Colonel  Gbiffith. — Model  of  great  gun  at  Beeja- 
pore and  of  a  ffun-carriage.  ^^.^ 

Bev.  W.  Abtbobus,  in  Class  XXVL 

Dr.  Young. — Skins  and  heads  of  Indian  animals. 

Dr.  Bbuob. — Stufied  specimen  of  Indian  ox  for  tho 
Ekka. 

Saffbon  Waldbn  Museum. — Stufied  specimen  of 
elephant  for  the  Howda. 

Mr.  DuBHAM. — A  battle-axe,  876.  Chowries  from 
Arrakan. 


OheervaUont  on  the  Arte  and  Mannfaet^irei  of  India, 

The  preceding  enumeration  of  the  articles  in  the  Indian 
department  of  Sie  QjeeX  Exhibition  proves  beyond  doubt 
that  India  not  only  possesses  a  vast  variety  of  raw  mate- 
rials, but  is  able  to  work  them  up  into  artidee  for  daily 
use  or  for  display  on  occasions  of  ceremony  or  of  festivals, 
either  of  a  rehmous  or  domestic  nature.  Histoiy  informs 
us  that  India  lias  fi^om  the  earliest  periods  been  distin- 
guished for  the  richness  of  its  natural  products  and  for 
the  elegance  of  its  manufactured  febnos,  also  that  an 
active  'commerce  was  established  with  Persia  and  Egypt, 
as  well  as  with  other  northern  nations,  both  by  cara- 
vans with  the  aid  of  the  **  sliip  of  the  desert,'*  and  by  sea 
through  the  medium  of  the  Arabs  who  navigated  the 
Persian  and  Arabian  guUs.  The  Chinese  seem  onlv  to 
have  made  pilgrimages  to  India  as  the  site  of  many  of  the 
shrines  of  Buddha.  Though  the  Hindoos  of  modem  times 
in  general  abhor  the  sea,  yet  the  Ganges  sustains  its  thou- 
sands of  boatmen,  and  the  coasts  of  Malabar  and  of  Scinde 
produce  a  race  of  fishermen  who  pursue  the  sharit  for  its 
fins  and  the  polynemus  for  its  swimming  bladder,  in  order 
to  satisfy  the  Chinese  demand  for  gdatinous  matters. 
That  the  Hindoos  early  paid  attention  to  commerce  we 
have  proofs  in  the  sacred  law  tracts  called  Institutes  of 
Menu,  promulgated  at  least  800  years  B.C.,  and  in  which, 
as  observed  by  Sir  William  Jones,  "  There  is  a  curious 
passage  on  the  legal  interest  of  money,  and  the  limited 
rate  of  it  in  difi*crent  cases,  with  an  exception  in  regard  to 
adventures  at  sea,  an  exception  which  the  sense  of  man- 
kind approves,  and  which  commerce  absolutely  requires, 
although  it  was  not  before  the  rei^  of  Charles  I.  that  our 
jurisprudence  fully  admitted  it  m  respect  to  maritime 
contracts."— Jon**,  8rrf  Diee.  and  Big  Veda, 

Not  only  is  it  curious  that  the  natives  of  India  should 
so  early  have  practised  many  of  the  arts  and  attnuied  tho 
attention  of  foreign  nations,  but  it  is  remarkable  tliat  they 
should  have  retained  them  through  so  long  a  series  of 
ages,  and  carried  them  to  so  high  a  degree  of  perfection  as 
to  compete  even  in  the  present  day  with  tne  looms  of 
Lancashire  and  the  iancv  works  of  ("ranee.  Tlie  ancient 
skill  of  Egypt  wo  soo  only  in  the  nuns  of  thdr  temples  or 


930 


EAST  INDIES. 


[COLOKIES  Af 


in  the  paintings  within  their  tombs.  The  arts  of  the 
Assyrians  were  hardly  believed  in  until  the  disinterment 
of  their  cities  reycaled  the  skill,  of  which  all  traces  have 
disappeared  from  the  hands  of  its  present  inliabitants. 
China  alone,  Hke  India,  continues  to  practise  arts  which 
were  not  new  oren  in  times  which  are  considered  ancient 
in  Europe. 

The  early  civilization  of  India  appears  due  to  the  natural 
fertility  of  the  country  and  to  the  peculiarity  of  its  climate, 
which  enables  its  inhabitants  annually  to  obtain  two  har- 
vests off  the  same  fields.  Thus  they  sow  wheat,  barley, 
9ome  pulses  and  oil  seeds,  in  the  autumn,  and  gather  the 
crops  m  the  spring  of  the  year ;  while  rice,  the  great  and 
other  millets  with  numerous  pulses,  are  sown  at  the  acces- 
sion of  the  rainy  seasons  in  June,  and  reaped  at  their  con- 
olusion  in  September.  This  facility  in  procuring  food 
both  for  themselves  and  their  cattle  must  early  have 
afforded  leisure  to  many,  to  pursue  the  arts  which  we  have 
to  notice,  as  well  as  to  cultivate  literature,  and  to  originate 
some  of  the  sciences  which  are  not  on  the  present  occasion 
to  be  objects  of  our  attention,  such  as  granunar,  poetry, 
philosopny,  logic  and  law,  geometry,  arithmetic,  algebra 
and  astronomy,  as  well  as  medicine  and  chemistry,  as  we 
have  endeavoured  to  show  in  a  separate  work,  the  **  Essay 
on  the  Antiquity  of  Hindoo  Medicine." 

The  diet  of  the  natives  of  India  is  supposed  to  consist 
chiefly  of  rice :  this  is  probably  true  only  of  Bengal ;  for 
in  the  north-western  provinces  wheat  is  much  cultivated, 
and  necessarily  consumed,  for  it  is  not  exported  to  any 
extent.  The  millets  and  pulses,  as  well  as  a  variety  of 
vegetables,  form  articles  of  diet,  as  well  as  milk  and  ghee, 
or  clarified  butter  and  condiments ;  and  though  the  natives 
are  thought  to  abstain  from  the  flesh  of  ammals,  this  is 
true  only  of  particular  cast^,  for  many  will  eat  fish,  pur- 
sue the  antelope,  and  himt  the  wild  boar — all  for  food. 
The  Mussulmans,  as  is  well  known,  abstain  from  the  flesh 
of  the  hog  as  weU  as  of  the  hare,  but  eat  of  the  same 
animals  as  Europeans.  Spirits  distilled  from  sugar  or 
the  juice  of  palm-trees  are  extensively  used,  as  well  as  the 
aruk  of  the  Muohwa,  or  Bassia  latifoUa,  which,  being  from 
a  peculiar  source,  has  been  admitted  into  the  Exhibition. 

Tlie  clothing  of  the  inhabitants  must  necessarily  be 
suited  to  the  climate,  and  for  this  the  cotton,  which  is 
indigenous  in  their  coimtry,  is  admirably  adapted.  They 
were  early  acquainted  with  its  use,  for  it  is  mentioned  by 
Mauu,  and  is  supposed  to  be  alluded  to  in  the  Rig  Veda 
1300  B.C.  Calicoes  and  mushns  being  suited  to  the  hot 
weather  and  rains,  something  more  is  required  in  the  cold 
weather  and  rains,  for  which  their  stout  calicoes,  padded 
with  raw  cotton,  are  weU  adapted.  But  the  wool  of  sheep, 
of  the  goat  of  the  mountains,  and  of  the  camel  of  the 
desert,  are  all  employed  in  the  north-western  regions  of 
India,  and  woollen  tlu^eads  are  mentioned  by  Manu.  Silk 
of  several  kinds  we  have  seen  is  indigenous  in  other  parts 
of  India. 

The  habitations  of  the  Hindoo  necessarily  vary  in 
different  parts  of  the  coimtry,  as  the  materials  used  de- 
pend upon  its  geological  formation.  In  warm  and  moist 
parts,  the  bamboo  serves  every  purpose,  with  mlmyra  or 
other  large  leaves,  for  roofing.  If  we  go  into  Burma,  we 
find  the  nouses  built  on  posts  on  the  banks  of  rivers,  so 
that  the  water  flows  under  them.  In  the  great  plain  of 
the  Ganges,  the  huts  are  usually  built  of  mud  or  of  bricks, 
flat-roofed  or  that<?hed,  and,  in  the  hilly  parts,  of  stone. 
In  many  parts  the  house  and  oflices  form  a  quadrangle, 
where  the  doors  and  small  windows  open  inwards.  In 
the  Himalayas  we  have  the  houses  and  temples  built  of  a 
fr»\niework  of  Deodar  or  cedar  wood,  fiUed  up  with  stones, 
and  with  cither  flat  or  slated  roofs,  which  project  much 
beyond  the  walls,  and  cover  open  verandahs.  The  cattle 
are  shut  up  in  the  lower,  and  the  family  occupy  the  upper, 
storv. 

The  appearance  of  the  inliabitants  of  many  parts  of 
India  is  admirably  represented  in  the  series  of  figures 
exliibited  from  different  i>arts  of  India.  The  soft  and 
deliente-linibed  Bengnllee  is  well  represented  in  the  models 
from  Kishnagurh,  and  the  tall  and  slender  inhabitant  of 


Southern  India  in  the  %Qi^  exhibitad  by  Mr.  Boika 
But  that  all  are  not  so  effeminate-looking  omy  be  sera 
the  model  of  the  Jummabundi,  where  all  the  castes  of  t] 
Dekkan  are  shown,  as  also  in  the  weU-clotbed  inhahitan 
from  Bel^aum  and  North-west  India,  and  of  lliiigs  in  tl 
model  exhibited  by  Captain  Reynolds. 

In  these  modeU  we  also  see  the  natives  oocopted 
their  various  trades,  as  those  of  the  carpenter,  sawri 
and  blacksmith.  Some  we  see  employed  in  pkmj^uiig, 
grinding  com,  in  cooking,  and  m  washing;  men  ai 
women  cleaning,  spinning,  preparing  the  thread,  ai 
weaving  the  cotton :  others  employed  in  potteiy,  in  calic 
printing,  and  working  in  the  precious  mefals, 

**  That  the  useful  arts  have  long  been  ye^  nnmero 
among  the  Hindoos,**  we  have  obse^ed  on  a  KRiner  ort 
iion,  is  veiy  evident,  for  Sir  William  Jones  says,  "  Th 
Europeans  enumerate  more  than  250  mechanical  arts,  1 
which  the  productions  of  nature  may  be  yariooslr  prepar 
for  the  convenience  and  ornament  of  life ;  and  thoogn  X 
Silpi  Sastra  (or  Sanscrit  collection  of  treatises  on  ai 
and  manufeu^ures)  reduces  them  to  64,  jet  Abol  Fi 
had  been  assured  that  the  Hindoos  reckoned  300  arts  ai 
sciences :  now,  their  sciences  being  oomparatiyely  fr 
we  may  conclude  that  they  anciently  practised  at  least 
many  useful  arts  as  ourselves.** — {Janes,  temik  d*» 
Witn  respect  to  their  skill  in  many  of  these  arts,  we  m 
adduce  the  unexceptionable  evidence  of  the  late  exodJei 
widely  and  universally  esteemed  Bishop  Heber :  '^  To  a 
that  the  Hindoos  or  Mussulmans  are  deficient  in  si 
essential  feature  of  a  civilized  people,  is  an  asaertion  whi 
I  can  scarcely  suppose  to  be  made  bj  any  who  have  hv 
with  them.  Their  manners  are,  at  least,  as  pleasing  m 
courteous  as  those  of  the  corresponding  stations  of  1 
among  ourselves ;  their  houses  are  larser,  and,  acootdi 
to  their  wants  and  climate,  to  the  foU  as  oonyenient 
ours ;  their  architecture  is,  at  least,  as  elegant.  Kor  is 
true,  that  in  the  mechanic  arts  th^  are  inferior  to  t 
general  run  of  European  nations.  Where  they  fall  she 
of  us  (which  is  chieny  in  agricultural  implements  and  t 
mechanics  of  common  life),  they  are  not,  so  fiir  as  I  ha 
imderstood  of  Italy  and  the  south  of  France,  saipaased 
any  great  degree  by  the  people  of  those  countries.** 

!rhe  accounts  which  we  have  hitherto  had  of  the  Ux 
and  methods  employed  by  the  natives  in  the  useful  ai 
have  been  brief,  and  usually  vrritten  by  those  unacquaint 
with  the  processes  which  they  described,  sometin 
prompted  by  partiality,  often  dictated  by  prejudice.  T 
present  affords  an  excellent  opportunity  for  those  pn 
ti(»dly  acquainted  with  the  several  arts  in  Europe 
compare  the  tools  used  by  the  natives  of  India  with  t 
results  of  their  labour,  and  both  with  the  tools,  text 
fabrics,  and  cunning  works  of  the  hand,  in  wood,  stoi 
horn,  ivory,  and  in  the  precious  metals  from  othCT  pai 
of  the  world.  It  must  first,  however,  be  observed  th 
the  tools  and  machines  which  are  exhibited  have  be 
collected  from  a  vast  extent  of  territory,  the  dilTere 
parts  of  which  do  not  differ  more  from  each  other  in  t 
state  of  the  arts  than  sometimes  do  two  parts  of  the  sai 
district,  for  instuice,  the  plains  and  mountains.  T 
tools,  if  we  judge  by  their  appearance,  are,  in  gener 
rude  enough  and  simple  in  construction ;  bul^  if  we  jud 
of  their  fitness  by  the  effects  which  are  produced,  we  mi 
allow  that  they  are  as  effective  as  tools  can  be,  and,  li 
more  finished  instruments,  require  only  hands  capable 
using  them.  There  is  httle  doubt  that  among  these  f 
some  which  have  a  great  resemblance  to  the  tools  rep 
sen  ted  in  the  Egyptian  paintings ;  and  some  of  them  w« 
doubtless  the  originals  of  such  as  are  now  employed 
Europe. 

One  thing  is  very  remarkable,  and  that  is  the  few  to 
which  they  employ  for  processes,  for  which,  in  Europe 
variety  are  provided.  Mr.  Petrie,  himself  an  engine 
has  described  how  they  make  one  tool  serve  a  yariety 
purposes.  For  instance,  a  carpenter  will  have  a  chi 
and  a  plane,  and  a  tool  of  a  wedge-hke  shape,  sharp 
one  end  and  broad  at  the  other,  which  they  use  for  vam 
purposes.     **  If  they  want  an  axe,  they  have  a  ham 


V 


Defbxdbkchs.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


931 


with  a  liole,  into  which  thej  put  the  ahove  tool,  and 
make  an  axe  of  it.  If  they  want  an  adze,  they  turn  the 
nine  tool  round.  When  they  wish  to  drive  in  nails  or  to 
make  use  of  their  chiBel,  th^  employ  the  same  tool  as  a 
hammer.  If  ther  wish  to  spUt  a  hillet  of  wood,  they  get 
two  or  three  of  these  tools,  and  put  them  into  the  wood 
as  wedges,  and  strike  them  with  another  hillet,  and  thus 
they  manage  all  their  work :  that  tool,  and  the  chisel  and 
plane,  are  all  they  have,  and  they  turn  out  Tcry  good 
work  with  them.  He  adds,  that  he  "  found  them  very 
teachable,  and  that,  in  a  short  time,  almost  an  incredibly 
short  time,  they  learned  to  make  up  the  machines  I  re- 
quired," that  IS,  saw-gins.  But  tne  number  of  tools 
employed  are  much  greater  in  other  parts  of  the  country, 
as  for  instance,  the  ivory  carvers  of  Moorshedabad,  and 
the  workers  of  silver  filigree-work  at  Cuttack.  But  the 
elaborate  carving  of  the  Bombay  furniture  is  said  to  be 
effected  with  a  smgle  tool,  while  the  dehcate  and  beautiful 
pith  temples  and  ^j;ures  from  Trichinopoly  are  made  with 
only  two  knives. 

A  higher  state  of  invention  is  displayed  in  the  augres, 
on  the  plan  of  Archimedes'  screw,  in  which  a  semi-rotatory 
motion  it  given  by  moving  a  cylindricalpiece  rapidly  up 
and  down  the  shaft.  This  is  probably  a  Chinese  invention, 
as  it  seems  to  be  best  known  m  the  southern  parts.  Such 
an  instrument  has  only  of  late  years  been  invented  here, 
and  a  patent  taken  out  for  it.  The  natives  of  India  make 
use  of  a  very  efficient  drill,  of  which  one  has  been  sent  from 
Berhampore,  as  used  by  the  ivory  carvers.  A  very  complete 
set  of  the  instruments  used  by  the  different  trades  in 
Nepal  was  sent,  but  many  of  the  labels  have  been  lost. 

The  ingenui^  of  the  natives  is  conspicuous  in  their 
smelting  iron,  with  no  other  means  than  what  they  pro- 
cure on  the  spot  where  the  ore  is  found ;  for  instance,  they 
cut  down  the  wood  and  make  charcoal,  and  with  the  large 
leaves  of  trees  they  make  a  bellows,  of  which  a  specimen 
has  been  sent  from  Mirzapore ;  but  others,  formed  of  two 
c}-linders,  and  another  with  a  double  valve,  show  a  higher 
state  of  invention.. 

Their  ingenuity  is  further  well  shown  in  the  skill  with 
which  they  combine  the  soft  resin  of  lac,  sand,  and 
powdered  corundrum,  so  as  to  obtain  a  grindstone  fit  for 
polishing  precious  stones,  as  well  as  for  sharpening  the 
nardest  steeL 

Their  mills  for  pressing  oil  seeds  and  for  crushing  the 
sugar-cane,  and  for  separating  cotton  from  its  seeds,  all 
display  ingenuity,  whien  there  is  no  doubt  must  have  been 
displayed  at  very  early  periods  ;  but  it  is  remarkable  that 
the  faculty  of  invention  and  the  desire  of  improvement 
should  for  so  many  ages  have  remained  stationary,  for 
there  is  no  doubt  that  many  of  the  tools  and  machines 
might  be  improved,  friction  oiminished,  and  yet  their  sim- 
pUcity  retained. 

In  Class  VII.  we  have  a  few  instances  of  the  civil  en- 
gineering of  the  natives,  as  shown  in  their  contrivances  for 
raising  water  as  well  as  for  crossing  rivers.  Only  one 
model  has  been  sent  of  a  great  public  work,  that  of  the 
great  dam,  or  annicut  weir,  throi^-n  across  the  Godavery 
river,  in  order  to  raise  its  water  for  the  purpose  of  irriga- 
ting a  large  tract  of  land.*  Models  ot  the  great  works 
which  have  been  constructed  for  the  Delhi  and  Doab 
Canals,  and  are  now  constructing  for  the  Great  Ganges 
Canal,  would  have  been  instructive  even  in  Europe. 

The  models  of  the  vessels  which  navigate  the  Indian 
seas  have  been  sufficiently  describeil  in  CIms  VIII.  It  is 
not  probable,  though  far  from  impossible,  but  that  some 


*  Tbe  followiiiK  i«  a  ttatemCTit  of  th«  chief  mcMorements  of  thU 
work,  u  doUiled  on  the  model :~ 

DowkiawaxAin  Annkat  mtom  the  Godavery  River  commenced 
IS47.  Extreme  len|(th,  7,800  yvda.  Combined  lenfth  of  weira, 
<.40O  >ards.  Height  of  weir.  It  feet.  Depth  of  w»ter  durinf  floods, 
17|  feet.  Extreme  diaehaite.  iSO.ooo.ouo  cubic  yards  per  hour. 
Otantity  of  water  to  be  distributed  for  irriffation,  l,uon,U(H>  Extent 
of  delU  land  to  be  irrifated,  1 ,0O0,0i>0  acret.  I^eofth  of  iirifxted 
tract,  ino  miles.     Greatest  breadth  of  tnet,  40  mllea. 

••■»«*»*■  consumed  up  to  December,  1S50— Stona,  400,000  tons. 
Bricks,  4,400,000.    Lime,  S0n,ooo  cnUc  foet. 

lUqttiied^iitone,  100,000  tons.     Ume.  70,000  eobk  IkI. 


hints  may  be  obtained  even  from  them,  for  the  improve- 
ment of  ship-bmlding  ;  for  some  of  the  vessels  which 
navigate  the  China  and  Indian  seas  are  remarkable  for  their 
swiftness.  The  first  class  **  Sampan,"  from  Singapore,  is 
distinguished  as  such,  while  of  the  yacht  **Wave,"  of 
which  the  model  was  taken  from  a  fishing-boat  of  Bombay, 
it  is  said  that  no  boat  of  European  form  and  construction 
has  yet  been  found  to  compete  with  her  in  point  of  sailing 
in  moderate  weather.  Tlie  batellcs  of  the  Arabs,  especially 
those  of  the  Joascme  pirates  of  the  Persian  Gulf,  called 
Trankey  by  Europeans,  were,  from  their  swift  sailing,  at 
one  time  very  destructive  to  trade,  because  no  vessel  could 
escape  them,  and  their  weatherly  quaUties  prevented 
square-rigged  sliips  from  capturing  them,  except  in  strong 
breezes.  An  Indian  officer  writes,  that  "  The  Arabs  say 
their  fame  has  now  passed  away,  by  the  introduction  of 
steam,  previous  to  which  there  was  no  vessel  ever  built 
that  could  sail  so  close  to  the  wind.  The  bateUe  always 
carries  three  suits  of  sails,  the  larger  size  of  very  fine 
cotton  canvas,  made  at  Bahrein,  wove  by  hand ;  this  sail 
is  bent  for  light  winds,  and  when  the  wind  is  too  fresh  to 
carry  it,  it  is  lowered,  and  a  smaller  one  of  coarser  canvas 
bent :  the  third  is  for  a  fresh  top-gaUant  breeze,  but  when 
it  blows  hard,  they  lower  down  the  yard,  and  hoist  a 
triangular  sail  like  a  jib. 

"  In  1817,  whilst  the  writer  was  a  Ueutenant  of  the 
Honourable  Company's  gun-brig  *  Psyche,'  saiUng  along 
the  coast  of  Scinde,  in  company  with  II.M.S.  *Eden,' 
Captain  Loch,  it  had  been  blowing  very  fresh  in  the 
morning,  when  the  *  Eden'  came  up  with  tliree  of  the 
Joaseme  batellcs,  when  under  their  small  sails,  with  a 
native  prize- boat  in  tow. 

"  On  the  *  Eden'  firing  a  gun,  the  pirates  lowered  their 
sails,  on  which  the  *  Eden '  shortened  sail  to  topsails,  and 
lowered  a  boat  to  board  them — Captain  Loch  thinking 
they  had  lowered  their  sails  for  the  purpose  of  being  ex- 
amined ;  but,  on  the  boat  sent  from  the  *  Eden '  closing 
with  them,  they  hoisted  their  large  sails  wliieh  they  liad 
been  bending,  cast  off  the  prize  which  they  liad  in  tow, 
and  made  off,  pa^^ing  between  the  *Eden'  and  the 
Honourable  Company's  (rruizer,  receiving  the  distant  fire 
of  both  vessels.  The  sliips  followed  in  c}ia(«e  the  whole 
day,  but  without  success,  tlie  ])irates  just  kee})ing  out  of 
shot  with  their  sweej^s,  and  laying  them  in  as  tlie  breeze 
freshened,  by  which  means  they  gained  on  their  pur- 
suers." 

In  the  collection  of  Arms  we  have  a  ciuious  display  of 
what  would  seem  to  be  drawn  from  a  musemn,  storing 
the  productions  of  variouA  ages,  but  which  are  actually  the 
arms  in  present  use  in  different  parts  of  India.  Tlius  we 
have  the  bows  and  arrows  as  well  of  Assam  as  of  Xorth- 
west  India.  Shields  from  both  locahties,  as  well  as  from 
Cutch.  Spears  and  battle-axes,  two-handled  swords,  and 
daggers  in  every  variety.  Chain  as  well  as  sheet  amioiu* 
both  for  man  and  honM%  with  plumes  for  the  hehnet. 
Along  with  these  we  liave  the  match-lock,  flint -^un,  and 
detonating  lock;  the  two  latter  imitated  from  European 
models.  Guns  to  be  carried  on  camels,  otiiers  to  bo 
mounted  on  hills.  Models  of  cannon  and  of  mortars  from 
I>ahore,  all  inchcating  the  attention  paid  by  the  natives  of 
India  to  arms.  Thi;*  i!<  esjxvially  conspicuous  in  the  care 
and  taste  with  whicli  manv  of  them,  as  well  as  the  ac- 
coutn'ments,  an*  onianiente<l.  Among  the  curiositicH  moy 
be  mentioned  the  shield  with  four  pistols  conccakxl  in  its 
centn» ;  complicatiNl  daggers,  and  one  which,  in  striking, 
separates  into  five  bbMlcs ;  a  sword  which  S(*parat<*s  into 
two,  and  anotluT  with  pearls  li*t  into  the  muhlle  of  its 
blade.  Tliev  all  indicate  the  skill  of  the  annourer,  some 
of  whom  always  form  a  part  of  the  regular  estahli.Hhnicnt 
of  princes  in  tlie  East.  But  the  stei*l  of  the  Ivautiful 
Damascus  blades,  the  twisted  barrels  of  the  mat<r)i-Iocks, 
and  the  skill  with  which  the  blade  of  one  daggt*r  is  con- 
cealed within  anothiT,  are  to  be  admired  as  s)Ki*imcns 
of  the  workmamthip  of  the  nati^t^s  of  India  a«  cutlers  and 
gunsmiths,  even  in  the  midst  of  the  works  of  industn*  of 
all  nations. 

Agriculture  b  an  art  which  must  have  been  earliest 


932 


EAST  INDIES. 


[00U>KIE8JL5D 


practued  by  those  nations  who  first  gave  up  the  nomade 
lor  a  settled,  neoessarilj  an  agricultural,  me.  There  is 
every  reason  to  believe  that  the  Hindoos  were  among  the 
earliest  civilized  nations.  Indeed,  their  earliest  records, 
the  hymns  of  the  Kig  Yeda,  composed  probably  fourteen 
centuries  B.C.,  contain  suppUcations  for  abundant  rain 
and  for  the  fertility  of  tne  earth.  The  agriculture  of 
India,  like  its  other  useful  arts,  has  been  unreasonably 
depreciated  by  some,  and  perhaps  as  erroneously  over- 
praised by  others.  But  the  farmm^  of  different  parts  of 
the  country  varies  much  ;  but  in  al^  the  iruts  pay  great 
attention  to  the  variety  of  soils,  and  to  the  plants  wluch  are 
best  suited  to  each.  They  well  understand  the  rotation 
of  crops ;  the  value  of  a  fallow,  as  well  as  of  weeding ;  and 
of  manuring,  though  they  only  occasionally  practise  it, 
and  for  particular  crops,  as  sugar-cane  and  tobacco ;  for 
the  manure  of  the  cattle  is  unluckily  lost,  from  the  unfor- 
tunate practice  of  using  it  as  fuel.  The  practice  of  sowing 
several  crops  together  is,  no  doubt,  detrimental  to  some ; 
but  the  Indian  farmer  adduces  as  his  excuse  that,  in  an 
uncertain  chmate,  it  gives  him  the  advantage  of  escaping 
entire  loss ;  for,  when  one  crop  fails,  another  may  be  saved 
by  later  rains.  Ghreat  att<?ntion  is  paid  to  irrigation, 
which  is  as  important  in  India  as  dnuning  is  in  Great 
Britain,  and  this  so  mucli  so  that  nothing  would  benefit 
the  country  so  much  as  facilitating,  by  every  method,  the 
raising  of  water  in  most  parts  of  the  coimtry  for  the  pur- 
])Oses  o(  irrigation. 

The  tools  which  are  in  use  are  sufficiently  numerous, 
but  they  are  rude  in  appearance,  and  simple  in  con- 
struction ;  though,  as  fieu*  as  the  effects  are  concerned  in 
favourable  seasons,  they  must  be  considered  efficient ;  for 
the  crops  are  usually  luxuriant,  and  the  proceeds  abimdant. 
It  is  remarkable  that,  in  the  whole  of  the  west  of  India, 
from  Guzcrat  to  Mysore,  a  drill  plough  is  employed  for 
sowing  the  majority  of  crops.  This  is  in  the  form  of  a 
three  or  four  toothed  harrow,  behind  each  tooth  of  which 
terminates  a  bamboo  tube,  having  its  other  end  fixed  in 
a  central  seed-cup,  wliich  has  as  many  holes  in  its  lower 
part  as  there  are  tubes  attaclied  to  it.  Colonel  Sykes  has 
observed  that  there  arc  two  kinds  of  drill  plough ;  one 
heavy,  called  nutghnr,  u«»ed  for  grain  (pulse),  wheat,  and 
safflower ;  the  other  is  Iws  heavy,  and  called  pabhttr^  used 
for  inillet«  and  the  smaller  pulses,  on  liglit  soils.  When 
t!ie  cultivator  wislics  to  sow  a  different  grain  in  one  of 
the  furrows  made  by  tlie  ti-eth  of  the  harrow,  he  stops  up 
one  of  the  holes,  and  lias  a  separate  tube  following  at  a 
short  chstance  behind.  Aa  the  whole  of  the  sowing  appa- 
ratus is  mnoveable  at  plfaaure,  he  can  use  tlie  body  of 
the  instrument,  with  its  twth,  as  a  harrow,  by  laying 
aside  the  seed-cup  with  \\s  tubes.  The  whole  cost  of  the 
instnuncnt  is  about  three  rupees.  This  drill-plongli 
seems  to  have  been  uwmI  in  Guzerat,  and  probably  other 
parts,  from  time  immemorial.  Wc  may  suppose  that  it 
was  used  even  in  the  time  of  Alexander,' for  Theophrastus 
describes  the  cotton  as  being  set  in  the  j>lain8,  arranged  in 
rows,  so  as  to  look  like  vines  at  a  distance.  His  in- 
fonnants  could  only  have  seen  cotton  cultivated  in  the 
western  parts  of  India.  In  Euro]x%  the  drill-plough  is 
said  to  have  been  fimt  emj)loyed  in  Spain,  towards  the 
end  of  the  seventeenth  century.  It  has  already  been  said, 
with  reference  to  the  tools,  that  "  if  the  simplicity  of  his 

Eloiiph  neither  entails  upon  the  native  farmer  wldit ional 
ilx)ur,  nor  a  more  scanty  lmr\et»t,  nor  an  increasetl  ex- 
penditure, we  do  not  s**  that  he  is  much  to  he  pititxl." 

From  the  number  of  Musical  Jnittrumenfs  which  have 
been  sent  from  India,  it  would  apjvnr  that  considerable 
attention  must  there  be  paid  to  nnisir*,  and  wc  might 
infer  that  the  science  luul  made  some  progress.  It  is 
treated  of  in  one  of  their  ancient  U|mviHlas,  and  the  natives 
have  been  heanl  to  say  that,  thouE:]»  Eurojicans  excel 
them  in  many  things,  they  excel  Kuropeans  in  music. 
But  we  know  not  any  Euro]H»an  who  agrees  in  this. 
Orme,  indeed,  says  "that  their  id»'as  of  music,  if  we  may 
judge  from  their  practice,  are  barbarous."  Sir  William 
.1  ones,  however,  believed  that  "the  Hindoo  system  has 
been  formr     on  truer  principles  than  our  owiaj   all  the 


skill  of  the  native  composers  is  dirocted  to  the  great 
object  of  their  art,  the  natural  oxpreaaion  of  Btroag  pas- 
sions, to  which,  indeed,  melody  is  often  sacrifioed ;  tbcnigh 
some  of  their  tunes  are  pleasing,  even  to  »  Eniopem  ev.** 
The  effects  which  they  ascribe  to  some  of  their  ramgMy  or 
ancient  melodies,  are  quite  as  extraordinanr  as  those 
ascribed  to  Orpheus,  or  to  Timotheos.  Sir  W.  Ouseiej 
says,  **  that  a  oonsiderable  difficulty  is  fbund  in  setting  to 
music  the  retga  and  raffims,  as  our  system  does  not  supply 
notes  or  signs  sufficiently  expressive  of  the  afanost  imper- 
ceptible elevations  and  depressions  of  the  voioe  in  those 
melodies,  of  which  the  time  is  broken  and  irregular, 
the  modulations  frequent,  and  very  wild."  It  is  remark- 
able that,  in  the  histories  of  music,  no  notice  is  taken  of 
that  of  India;  tJboogh  it  is  probable  that  an  inveatigatioa 
of  the  musical  instmments  at  present  in  use  in  India, 
and  of  their  system  of  music,  would  throw  much  light 
upon  that  of  the  Egyptians,  and  of  the  instruments  men- 
tioned in  the  Bible. 

Among  the  instruments  at  present  in  use  in  £flrrmf 
parts  of  India,  we  find  some  rude  enough  in  structure  anil 
appearance,  but  interesting,  as  natural  objects  made  use 
01  to  produce  sounds ;  as,  for  instance,  horns,  as  Mowing 
instruments;  and  gourds,  as  soimding-bottrds  to  tlieir 
stringed  instruments ;  bamboos,  as  pipes ;  and  sets  of 
them,  of  different  sizes,  to  produce  dinerenoea  of  sound. 

The  instruments  used  by  the  natives  of  Moorriiedabad 
and  of  Benares  consist  of  both  wind  and  stringed  instni- 
ments,  and  of  drums,  tambourines,  and  cymbals.  A  kmi; 
list  is  given  of  the  musical  instruments  used  hj  the  Arabs 
and  Persians  in  the  Introduction  to  Bidiardson's 
Dictionary,  where  it  is  observed,  that  **  The  Asiatips  bare 
a  great  variety  of  instruments ;  and  many  of  those  now  in 
use  amongst  us,  though  considerably  impro'ved,  appear  to 
have  been  originally  of  eastern  invention." 

The  Malay  musical  instruments  are  described  as  being 
so  numerous,  that  about  thirty  are  required  to  (arm  a  full 
band,  or  gamalong,  costing  about  2,000  rupees.  Among 
these  are  conspicuous  those  in  which  gones,  as  well  a» 
drums,  of  different  sizes,  and  pieces  of  metal  and  of  hard 
wood,  of  different  lengths,  are  employed  to  producr  dif- 
ferent tunes,  when  struck  with  suitable  gong — or  drum- 
sticks. 

The  Manufactures  of  India  may  be  noticed  in  the  ordrT 
in  which  they  are  arranged  in  the  Oitaloguc.  Among 
these,  cotton  still  takes  the  precedence  even  in  India, 
though  it  has  greatly  fallen  off  in  importance  since  the 
machinery  of  Europe  has  been  able  to  supplant,  eren  in 
their  own  markets,  the  cheap  and  durable  products  d 
Indian  looms.  From  an  examination  of  the  cottons  pro- 
duced in  the  places  where  the  manufactures  have  at  tamed 
the  greatest  i^erft^ction,  we  do  not  find  that  it  is  owing  to 
any  superiority  in  the  raw  material,  but  owing  to  the  great 
pains  taken  by  the  native  spinners  and  weavers,  and  their 
matchless  delicacy  of  touch.  Specimens  of  the  cotton 
manufactiuxj  have  been  sent  from  Bengal,  and  from  aD 
along  the  Ganges  up  to  the  JuUuiidur  IkMih,  from  Ahroed- 
abad  and  Surat  on  the  west-,  and  from  the  Circars  on  the 
south  east  coast,  also  from  as  far  south  as  Tanj«.>re.  It  is 
curious  that  some  of  the  places  celebrated  for  their  manu- 
factures do  not  grow  the  cotton  which  they  weave ;  for 
instance,  Azimgurh,  bordering  on  the  Oiide  and  Chun- 
deynx*,  in  the  Ghiralior  territorv.  The  Cirtmrs  u*ed  to 
im]K)rt  their  cott<m  from  Central  India. 

In  the  Exhibition  we  have  numerous  indications  of  the 
pains  taken  by  the  ITindoos  in  the  preparation  of  tlkir 
cotton.  First,  so'cral  machines,  rollers  and  i'liurka^,  ftur 
sejmrating  the  see<l  from  the  cotton;  al.^o  tlK'  b*>m,  fn 
further  cleaning  or  teazing  the  cotton,  other  ap|winitu»  ftv 
prejmring  the  thread,  and  looms  for  weaving  it. 

Mr.  James  Taylor,  in  the  Rejwrt  n»fenvd  to  at  psice  HSH, 
on  the  manufactures  of  Dacca,  has  given  much  interr*ilin|e 
information  on  this  subject,  as  well  as  sent  a  number  ol 
articles  and  drawings  explanatory  of  the  proees**.  Tluu^ 
along  with  the  raw  cotton  of  Dacca  is  exhihit«>d  "ih^ 
primitive  instrument  used  for  canling  tht^  fibres  of  tb< 
«>tton."     This  is  simply  the  jaw-bone  of  the  BooW  fis^l 


Dkpiscdbkchs.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


933 


(SUmtru$  hoaUs),  the  teeth  of  which  being  fiae,  recurred, 
and  doeelj  eet,  act  as  a  fine  comb  in  removing  minute 
particles  of  earthy  and  regetable  matter  from  the  cotton. 
The  Hindoo  spinner,  with  that  inexhaustible  patience 
that  diaractflrises  her  race,  sits  down  to  the  laborious  task 
of  fileaning  with  this  instrument  the  fibres  of  each  nob  of 
oottoa.  Haring  aooomplished  this,  she  then  separates  the 
wool  firam  the  seeds  by  means  of  a  small  iron  roller,  which 
is  worked  with  the  hands,  backward  and  forward,  on  a 
small  quantity  of  the  cotton  seeds  placed  upon  a  fiat 
board.  The  cotton  is  next  bowed  with  a  small  bow  of 
bamboo,  strung  with  a  double  row  of  catgut,  muga  silk, 
or  the  fibres  of  the  plantain  tree  twisted  togetlier ;  and 
having  been  reduced  by  this  instrument  to  a  state  of  light 
downv  fleece,  it  b  made  up  into  a  small  cylindrical  roll 
(jwa^,  which  is  held  in  the  hand  during  the  process  of 
spinning.  The  spinning  apparatus  is  contained  in  a  small 
basket  or  trav,  and  consists  of  a  delicate  iron  spindle 
(tutooa)y  havmg  a  small  ball  of  day  attached  to  it,  in 
order  to  give  it  a  sufficient  weight  in  turning,  and  of  a 
piece  of  l^rd  shell,  imbedded  in  a  Uttle  clay,  on  which  the 
point  of  the  spindle  revolves  during  the  process  of  spin- 
ning. With  ttus  instrument  the  Hindoo  women  almost 
riviu  Arachne's  fiibled  skill  in  spinning.  The  thread 
which  thejT  make  with  it  is  exquisitely  fine,  and  doubtless 
it  is  to  thor  delicate  oreanivition,  and  the  sensibihty  with 
which  they  are  endowed  by  nature,  that  their  inimitable 
skill  in  their  art  is  to  be  ascribed.  The  finest  thread  is 
spun  early  in  the  morning,  before  the  rising  sun  dissipates 
the  dew  on  the  grass ;  for  such  is  the  tenuity  of  its  fibre, 
that  it  would  broak  if  an  attempt  were  made  to  manufac- 
ture it  during  a  drier  and  warmer  portion  of  the  day. 
When  there  is  no  dew  on  the  ground  in  the  morning  to 
indicate  the  presence  of  moisture  in  the  atmosphere,  the 
spinners  impart  the  requisite  degree  of  humimty  to  the 
cotton  by  making  the  thread  over  a  shallow  vessel  of 
water.  The  various  implements  used  in  the  preparatory 
processes  of  weaving  are  the  reeds  for  winding  the  thread, 
the  hand-wheels  for  warping,  the  slev-hook  and  reed,  and 
the  apparatus  for  forming  the  heddfes.  During  the  pro- 
cess of  preparing  the  thread,  and  before  it  is  warped,  it  is 
steeped  for  a  couple  of  days  in  fine  charcoal  powder  soot, 
or  lamp-black  mixed  witn  water,  and  after  being  well 
rinsed  m  clear  water,  wrung  out,  and  dried  in  the  shade, 
it  is  rubbed  with  a  sizing  made  of  parched  rice  (the  husk 
of  whidi  has  been  removed  by  heated  sand),  fine  lime  and 
water. 

The  prindpal  varieties  of  plain  muslins  now  manufac- 
tured at  Dacca  are,  Mulmul  Khas,  Ab-ruwan,  Shub-num, 
Khasu,  Jhuna,  Sircar  Ali,  Tun-zeb,  AlabuUee,  Nyaniook, 
Buddun  Khaa,  Turundam,  Siurbutees,  and  Surbund  — 
names  which  either  denote  fineness,  beautv,  or  tran- 
sparency of  texture,  or  refer  to  the  origin  ot  the  manu- 
facture of  the  fiftbrics,  or  the  uses  to  which  they  are 
applied  as  articles  of  dress.  Tlic  finest  of  all  is  the 
Mulmul  Khas  (Uterally  muslin  made  for  the  special  use 
of  a  prince  or  great  personaffe).  It  is  woven  in  half 
pieces,  measuring  10  yards  m  length  and  1  yard  in 
breadth,  having  1,900  threads  in  the  warp,  and  weighing 
10  siocas  (about  3|  ounces  avoirdupois).  Tlie  finest  hafi' 
piece  that  I  have  seen  weighed  9  siccas.  The  price  is 
100  rupees.  Some  of  the  o&er  muslins  are  also  beautiful 
productions  of  the  loom,  as  Ab-ruwan,  compared  by  the 
natives,  from  its  dear  pdludd  texture,  to  **  running 
water.**  Shub-num,  so  named  from  its  resemblance,  when 
it  is  wetted  and  spread  upon  tlie  bleaching  field,  to  the 
**  evening  dew**  on  the  grass.  Jhuna,  a  light,  transparent 
net-like  fiibric,  usually  made  to  order,  and  chiefly  for 
natives  of  rank  and  wealth,  worn  by  the  inmates  of 
lenanas  and  dancers,  and  apparently  the  cloth  referred 
to  in  the  dassica  under  the  figurative  names  of  Tela 
arenarmm^  Veniu§  UjcHUs.  All  these  muslins  are  made 
in  full  pieoea  of  20  yards  in  length  by  1  in  breadth,  but 
varying  considerably  in  the  number  of  threads  in  the 
warp,  and  consequently  in  their  weight. 

Of  figured  fabrics,  as  striped  (Doorea),  che<|uered 
(Charkanee),  «id  flowerod  (Jamdanee),  there  exists  a 


considerable  variety,  both  in  regard  to  quality  and  pat- 
tern. The  flowerea  muslin  was  formerly  in  great  demand 
both  in  India  and  Europe,  and  was  the  most  expensive 
manufacture  of  the  Dacca  Urungs.  There  was  a  monopoly 
of  the  finer  fabrics  for  the  Court  of  Delhi :  those  made  for 
the  Emperor  Aunmgzebe  cost  250  rupees  per  piece.  This 
muslin  is  still  much  admired,  but  it  is  now  seldom  manu- 
fsctured  of  a  quaUty  of  higher  value  than  80  rupees  per 
piece. 

Omitting  the  second-rate  kinds  of  doth,  as  Sarees, 
Boonees,  Baflas,  Jon,  Ekpattus,  Gbmchas,  &c.,  now  en- 
tirely made  of  English  yam,  imported  into  the  district, 
and  which  constitute  the  great  bulk  of  the  Dacca  cotton 
manufacture,  the  next  cLiss,  of  which  specimens  should 
be  exhibited,  is  that  of  fabrics  of  a  mixed  texture  of 
cotton  and  silk.  They  are  designated  by  various  nome^i, 
as  Nowbutta,  Kutan,  Boomee  Apjoola,  and  Sirka ;  and 
when  embroidered  with  the  needle,  as  many  of  them  fre- 
quently are,  they  are  called  Kusheodu.  The  silk  used  in 
their  manufacture  is  the  indigenous  Muga  silk  of  Assam 
and  Sylhet,  but  the  cotton  thread  employed  is  now  almost 
entirely  English  yam,  of  quahties  varying  from  No.  30 
to  80.  These  cloths  are  made  exdusively  for  the  Jedda 
and  Bussora  market,  and  a  considerable  stoc*k  is  yeariy 
imported  in  the  Arab  vessels  that  trade  between  Cfdcutta 
and  these  ports.  PUgrims,  too,  from  the  vicinity  of  Dacca, 
not  imfr^uently  take  an  investment  of  them,  which  they 
dispose  of  at  the  gKot  annual  fiiir  held  at  Meena,  near 
Mecca.  They  are  used  by  the  Arabs  chiefiy  for  turbans 
and  gowns.  The  golden  colour  of  the  Muga  silk  gives  to 
some  of  these  doths  a  rich  lustrous  appearance.  A  few 
pieces,  made  of  native-spun  cotton  thread,  and  of  the  best 
kind  of  Muga  silk,  would,  I  have  no  doubt,  be  admired  in 
this  country. 

Embroidery  (Zur-doxee)  is  an  art,  in  which  the  Ma- 
homedans  of  Dacca  display  a  degree  of  skill  almost  equal 
to  that  exhibited  by  the  Hindoos  in  weaving.  They  em- 
broider Cashmere  shawls  and  scarfs,  also  muslins,  and  net 
fabrics  with  silk,  gold  and  silver  thread.  These  fabrics 
are  much  esteemed  in  this  coimtry,  and  are  probably  still 
unrivalled  by  similar  productions  in  any  part  of  the 
world. 

Another  branch  of  noedle-work  aUied  to  embroidery, 
which  is  carried  on  here,  b  that  of  flowering  or  orna- 
menting doths  with  cotton  thread  (Chikan-kavi).  Tlie 
dresses  of  Mahomedans  are  freouently  worked  in  this 
manner,  and  two  descriptions  of  it  o&lled  Tartor  and 
Sumunderludur,  in  which  the  texture  of  the  doth  is 
broken  down  with  the  noe<lle  and  converted  into  network, 
are  held  in  the  highest  estimation. 

In  commissioning  fine  muslins  from  Dacca,  ample  time 
should  be  given  for  their  manufiuiure.  The  time  required 
for  the  preparation  of  a  piece  varies  fit)m  one  to  four 
months,  acconling  to  the  quahty  of  the  fiibric,  the  hitter 
being  the  period  necossaTT  for  the  weaving  of  a  half-wieoo 
of  Mulmul  Khas.  The  best  season  for  making  this  kind 
of  muslin  is  during  the  months  of  May,  June,  July,  and 
August.  If  several  pieces  of  the  finer  kinds  were  to  bo 
manufactured,  a  full  year's  notice  would  be  required  in 
order  to  procure  the  netvssarj-  quantity  of  threatl. 

Chittagong,  whidi  formerly  jxwsessed  a  factory  sub- 
onlinate  to  the  one  at  Dacca,'  still  manufa«»tures  inferior 
fal)ric*s  of  stronff  texture.  Tlio  rough  towels  made  here 
are  of  an  excellent  quahty ;  they  are  stout  and  durable, 
and  would  be  found  to  be' superior  to  the  Badim  towds, 
now  so  much  used  in  dressing  rooms  in  tliis  country-. 

The  Garrow,  Tipperali,  and  Chittagong  hills  nnMlucc 
a  large  quantity  of  infmor  cotton,  called  Bhoga.  It  is  the 
prindpal  article  of  traffic  which  tlie  hill  people  bring  down 
to  the  plains.  If  is  used  in  tlie  manu&cture  of  the  in- 
ferior knds  of  hummums,  baftas,  boonoea,  sarees,  jore,  &c. ; 
abio  for  making  ropes,  tapes,  and  the  coarstHtt  of  all 
fkbrioa,  vis.,  sarhahs  and  gaxeehs,  which  are  commonly 
used  for  packing  other  ck>ths,  and  for  covering  dead 
bodies,  for  which  purpose  a  large  quantity  of  tliese  is 
oonsumed  annually  botn  by  Hindoos  and  Mahomdans. 

As  Daooa  was  formerly  fomout  for  ita  muslins,  so  were 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Coutxus  Aint 


Iho  Northern  Circara  for  tlieir  long  dotlis.  Tlie  rDTmer 
hi*  sent  Bome  beauliful  BpecuDcna  of  mmlin,  bolh  plain, 
iieurcd,  aiid  embroidered  with  eilttr.  But  Chandeyree, 
far  in  the  interior  of  ^ndir^  in  Iho  Gwalior  leiritorieB,  ha» 
nlao  ennt  Bomebeaulifiilniusliiu.  The*« are maDU&ctured 
of  colton  gnum  at  NimBr,  some  hundred  miles  disliint. 
Tiom  Ihc  diynesa  of  the  climate  llie  wcaveri,  who  are 
MahoroedHnB,  are  obliged  to  weaTa  tliHBO  line  mualins  in 
imdrrground  worknhops.  The  flne«t  piece  of  long  dolh 
lua  hera  Bent  by  Mr.  Miulen,  from  Juggijipettab,  in  the 
Nortliem  Cireara.  Fine  mmlin*  bavc  b^a  sent  from 
Atbvb  and  fromOopada,  and  beaut  ifullj  embroidered  beelJe- 
wing  dre««e«  from  Mndras. 

Some  of  the  ftbrica  of  cotton  are  eitremely  interesting 
09  epeeimena  of  skill  in  weaving,  as  those  in  which  pattern* 
are  woven  throughout  the  piece,  and  other*  a»  specimcna 
of  double  wearing  i  wlicncu  two  distinct  coloured  elolhs 
appear  to  be  united  together,  and  alternately  show  thcm- 
selrea  on  opposite  sides. 

The  woollfin  fnbncB  are  not  so  likol;  to  be  of  a  superior 
qualitj  from  a  hot  conntrr,  but  it,  is  interesting  to  bme 
Uiem  from  the  mountains  of  Mjsoreand  the  plains  of  North- 
Weslem  India,  and  also  of  (he  wool  of  the  sheep  and  of  the 
hair  of  the  cameL  The  kid  cloth  of  Cashmere  is  beau- 
tifully soil,  and  a  new  Cihric-  called  Farverui,  of  wliich 
the  pile  of  one  surface  is  formed  of  loops,  is  interesting, 
but  the  shawls  of  Cashnien;  are  celebrsUd  throughout  the 
oiTiliiixl  world.  Hoorurolt  informs  us  that  the  nool  used 
in  the  luanu&cture  of  the  shawls  of  Casluncre 
kinds.  Of  these  one  is  called  Faehin  shal,  and  the  other 
Aseh  ioos,  the  former  being  obtained  from  the  goats  in  a 
douiosl  icated  slate,  and  the  latter  froui  (he  wild  goats  and 
wild  sheep,  &c.  All  these  animals,  as  well  as  the  jak  and 
dog,  in  the  aleraled,  cold,  and  dry  regions  of  Tibet,  being 
furuislied  with  a  fine  down,  or  iiair-like  wool,  under  the 
eoarse  common  outer  wool.  This  is  brought  from  the 
difltrent  parts  of  Tibet  to  Ladakh,  where  it  is  purehased 
for  or  by  the  Cashmcriana,  and  carried  into  their  Talley. 
Mueh  of  it  is  white,  and  sold  a  few  years  ago  for  in,  a 
pound ;  the  dark-eoloured  is  well  suited  for  djeing.  The 
long  hairs  are  pieked  out,  the  remainder  carefully  washed 
in  ricc-wster,  and  then  lumd-spun  by  nonicn.  A  rariely 
of  liands  ore  neeessarily  emplorrd  in  the  nianuiacture  of 
shawls.  An  artist  designing  tile  patlems  might  obtain 
a  sale  for  them  ercn  in  Kuroi>e,  as  Ihey  arc  so  gene- 
rally   admired  and    imitated.      A  man    is   employed 


aud  woof  (the  former  of  which  is  genendly  of  silk)  for 
the  border.  Tlio  yam  is  first  dyed ;  the  Cashmerians 
professing  to  employ  siity-fuur  diOurent  tints.  The  shawl 
IS  carefully  washed  when  the  weaving  is  completed,  and  the 
very  finest  are  said  to  bo  washed  in  a  lather  fiiimed  of 

A  sub-commiltee  having  been  appointed  in  Calcutta  to 
report  upon  the  subject  of  Cashmere  shawls,  Benares' 
brocailes,  and  Dacca  inusliu,  hare  furnished  a  report 
which  is  particularly  valuable,  from  Dr.  Falconer,  one  of 
the  members,  having  U'en  for  some  time  in  Caaliroere, 
and  .leiiiiired  informaliou  which  in  not  otherwise  obtain- 
able,    h  is  thorefore  here  published. 

"  Tlie  Sub-Commiltee  appointed  to  report  on  Cashmere 
shawls.  Daces  niushns,  and  other  articles  of  manufacture 
Ihnl  iniiy  require  considerable  time  for  llieir  pre|»ration, 
having  met  and  considered  the  subject  reH-rrcd  to  them, 
siiliniil  the  following  as  llieir  report  : — 

"  1.  Cashmere  aliawls.  Tlie  Sub- Commit  tea  are  of 
opinion  that  the  Casluncre  sluiwl  fabrics  are  more  likely 
than  niiv  other  artielo  of  Indian  manufhclurc  lo  admit  of 
vjicecMiIul  compelilion  with  I  he  product  ions  of  the  looms 
of  Europe,  and  that  no  eiertion  ought  lo  he  spared  to  get 
the  hoi  deicription  procurable.  Tlicse  are  not  readily 
ftniud  in  the  market,  and,  if  nuuletuonlor,  a  pair  of  ihawU 
of  llie  ricliesl  palleni  wdl  oecu]iy  from  a  vcar  lo  eighteen 
months  in  the  niotiufucturc. 

"  2.  The  articles  made  of  iihanl  wool  are  of  infinite 
variety,  ranging  from  carpels,  quills,  saddle-cloths,  cano- 


pies, difh-covers  or  napkins,  to  shawb,  gawn-^tt^ 
cravats,  turbans,  ehoghas  or  cloaks,  wsiatixats,  •Ux^iii^ 
and  gloves,  erobracing  almost  BTcry  kind  of  (kbne  used  H 
on  article  of  drees.  But  the  Sub-Committca  arc  ixit  pic 
pared  to  recommend  tliat  all  thje«e  fabriea  should  ba  hdI 
to  the  Eihibition.  They  leave  thl^  eonsidcretion  of  thi 
selection  to  the  deliberation  of  the  General  Committw. 

"  3.  The  principal  ortielae  of  peshmina  or  shawl-wotJ 
manidacturemay  be  elassiSed  undertfae  following  beads  ;^ 
1.  Doshalla  or  long  shawls  3}  by  11  ga^. 
II.  Kussaba  or  square  shawls  Ij  or  Sf  gnz  aqiiuv. 
HI.  Jamewars  or  striped  shawl  pieen  3]  by  1|  gai. 
IV.  Ulwan  or  plain  white  shawl  cloth. 
Y.  Miscellaneous,  such  as  caniela,  canopiea,  saddle 
cloths,  and  various  artiefes  of  dm*,  slocti^ 
gloves,  turbans,  Ac. 

"  I.  Sotltatlai  or  Zonji  SkarU. 
"  4.  Doshollsa  or  long  shawls,  invariably  manu&ctuiM 
and  sold  in  pairs,  ore  the  most  esteemed  prodoctioa  oTtla 
looms  of  Cashmere.  Thej  vary  greatly  aeconling  to  Ihi 
riclmcss  of  the  pal  Icms,  all  of  which  are  distinctly  named 
and  awording  to  the  colours  of  which  the  dyers  protw  u 
moke  upWBitls  of  flfly  tints,  but  the  fiulyComimttee  wil 
oonfine  themselvM  lo  the  leading  colour*,  tiz^  blaek 
while,  crimsons,  purple,  blue,  greeo,  and  yellow. 

"6.  Of  I  he  finest  doshallas,  the  principal  varieties  ii 
pattern  du-pend  upon  the  amount  of  decoralion  of  miltdi 
or  wntre-picce,  the  puUa  or  border-piecoB  being  ainr 
richly  flowered.    The  following  are  the  leading  bods : — 
1.  Khale  niitton  or  plain  field  aluwls. 
a.  Poor  mitlon  or  full-flowerod  field. 
3.  Chand-dar,  cliantahi-dar,  alifda  kooig  bootba-dai 
According  to  ornamenl,  being  a  moon  or  cirde  in  th 
centre,  four  half  moons,  green  ipriga  on  a  plain  ground 
a  group  of  flowers  at  the  coroeJi,  or  any  combiiwtion  a 
these. 

"  6.  The  Sub- Committee  would  restrict  their  eonBdm 
tion  of  the  eoloura  to  eight  kinds,  rii. :  1.  White,  aada  o 
sotacd.  S.  Black,  mooshkee.  8.  Crimson,  goolanar.  4 
Scarlet,  kermiai.  5,  Purple,  ooda.  6.  Blue,  leioiec.  3 
Green,  zingnree.     B.  Yellow,  surd, 

"  GJ.  Fine  long  shawls  with  plain  Belda  of  handsom 
patterns  (kholli  mitlon),  are  procurable  at  aboul  l^i 
rupees  per  pairi  and  full  flowered,  poor  milton,  at  abou 
1,500  rupees.  Taking  the  average  of  lhc«  l,3SO  rupee 
as  rvprusenling  the  price  of  the  third  cUas,  includin 
cliand-dar,  ehonlalii-iW,  Sx.,  and  a*  ihe  aterage  price  < 
the  whole ;  and  supposing  a  pair  of  each  of  the  abos 
eight  colours  were  ordered  of  the  throe  sercral  clasaes  I 
paltiTn,  we  should  have  twenty-four  pair*  of  shawls,  ■ 
1,350  rupees,  making  32,400  rupees  in  alL 

"7.  In  framing  this  part  Drtheestimat«,the  8ut>-Caa 
mitlec  do  not  mean  to  recommend  that  the  order  sbovl 
be  so  extensive  I  they  are  simply  dcairons  of  funiialungl 
the  General  Comniiltee  the  detailed  grounds  upon  whic 
a  suitable  selection  could  be  made.  If  the  shawls  an 
ordered  single,  instead  of  in  pairs,  which  th^  believe  I 
be  practicable  although  not  the  custom,  the  est  imatc  wool 
be  reduced  to  l(i,aOO  rupees.  Further,  they  would  niggn 
tliat  some  of  the  wealthiest  native  gentlemen  about  Vn 
ciilla  be  solicited  to  send  their  best  shawls  of  diffrrei 
coiount  for  Ihe  insiieelion  of  Ihe  Qeneral  Conmiitlee  »  i 
lo  simplify  the  labour  of  solerlion.  The  govemmn 
tosha  kbaiia  might  also  furnish  a  considerable  nmuber  ' 
various  pat  tenia. 

"  II.   Kutmbai  or  Sflnnre  StavU. 

"  6.  Kussabas  or  square  sliawls,  called  also  ltMRIlal^  a 
of  two  cUssca,  vii.,  kanee  roomal,  or  lootn-msnufactun' 
and  I'mlee  roonml,  or  needle-omhroidiTeil  ahawls.  1 
form  thev  are  morr  suited  lo  tlie  taste  of  the  Eiironra 
than  the 'long  shawls,  and  are  made  and  sold  singly.  Th 
run  through  the  same  ronge  of  colour  and  ]wl(eni  a*  I 
long  shawls,  and  Ihe  Sub-Cominilloe  frame  their  proi 
aionol  estimate  accordingly.   The  necdlo-workcd  kinds  ■ 


Dkpbndkncies.] 


EAST  INDIES. 


035 


mnefa  dieaper  than  the  loom-manufMstured,  and  the  em- 
broiderj  is  fiur  tuperior  in  pattern  and  execution  to  the 
tcarfii  and  shawls  emhroidered  at  Delhi.  Assuming  eight 
ookrars  and  three  patterns  of  each  of  the  Kanee  roomal, 
at  an  aTerage  of  400,  800,  and  500  rupees  each,  twenty- 
four  square  shawls  would  cost  9,600  rupees ;  and  the  same 
numher  of  needle-worked  of  Uinlee  roomals,  at  an  arerage 
of  225, 160,  to  800  rupees,  would  cost  6,400  rupees. 

**  m.  Jamemar%, 
"  9.  Jamewars  form  the  third  great  class :  they  are 
handsome  striped  loom-wrought  £sbric8  of  rich  patterns, 
of  which  the  French  striped  coloured  muslins  are  printed 
imitations.  They  are  manufiictured  of  an  infinity  of  pat- 
terns, hut  the  principal  kinds  are  the  Bega-bootha  or 
■mall  flowered,  the  Kirkha-bootha  or  large  lowered,  and 
the  Jhaldar  or  netted  patterns.  The  most  ek^rately 
worked  cost  as  much  as  2,000  rupees  each.  Ten  pieces 
would  include  a  fair  rariety  of  patterns  at  an  average,  say 
of  600  rupeea  each,  making  6,000  rupees. 

"IV.  TJlmaw, 

"  10.  Ulwan,  or  plain  shawl  wool-doth,  is  woren  like 
plain  muslin  without  flower  or  ornament,  and  is  made  in 
pieces  of  yarious  lengths.  It  forms  the  centre  portion  or 
mitton  of  shawls,  and  is  used  for  turbans  and  cummur- 
bunds.  It  is  well  adapted  for  ladies*  dresses.  Eight 
pieces  of  twenty  yards  each  of  the  diflerent  colours  above 
named,  at  six  rupees  per  jard,  would  cost  960  rupees. 

**  11.  Another  fiibric  is  made  which  may  be  mcluded 
under  the  same  head  as  Ulwan,  called  Muleedah  pushmina, 
being  intended  to  imitate  European  broad  dotns.  It  is 
formed  of  Ulwan,  manipulated  in  a  peculiar  manner  in 
water,  so  as  by  rubbing  to  tease  out  the  wool  of  the  thread 
and  raise  it  into  a  nap.  A  piece  of  twenty  yards,  at  six 
rupees,  would  cost  120  rupees. 

**  12.  A  coarser  &bric,  of  the  same  class,  is  manufac- 
tured in  the  Hill  State,  to  the  north-west  of  Simla,  called 
Puttoo  peshmina,  which  possesses  great  softness  and 
warmth — ^in  many  respects  rivalling  fine  broad  doth. 

"Y.  Miscellaneous. 

"  18.  The  miscellaneous  articles  of  shawl-wool  fi&bric 
are  exoeedinffly  numerous.    They  may  be  classified — 

"1.  Artidei  of  dress: — Choghas  Ulkbaliks,  Pasteen 
Shumlas,  or  Oummurbunds  and  Loongees,  made  in  imita- 
tion of  the  silk  Loongees  of  Mooltan  Gk>sh-pech,  or  Dus- 
tars  turban  pieces.  Ghilloobunds  or  orayats,  of  great 
▼ariety.  Pistan  Bunds  or  neckerchiefs.  Nukash  Zei^osh 
or  trousers.  Takhum  caps.  Toorab.  Short  stockings 
(Gooldar),  fiowered  and  Nuhramut  stripes.  Moseh  long 
stockings.     Charkhanna  or  loose  robe  for  women. 

**  2.  Articles  of  furniture : — Khalin  Peshmina  carpets. 
Durpurda  and  Takposh  screens  and  ciurtains,  for  doors, 
windows,  and  recesses.  Pulung-posh  or  quilted  coverlets. 
Khan-posh,  dish-covers,  and  napcins,  horse  furniture,  Ac. 
Kuxxur-i-asp,  saddle-cloths.  Kuzzur-i-fil,  elephants' 
housing.    Saoewan  or  canopies,  tents,  &c. 

**  14.  The  Sub-Committee  have  not  gone  into  the  de- 
tails of  the  prices  of  these  miscellaneous  articles,  as  they 
do  not  consider  the  arrangements  requisite  for  procuring 
them  to  be  of  the  same  emergent  character  as  those  re- 
quired for  the  leading  classes  of  the  shawl  articles.  With 
regard  to  the  latter,  thev  are  of  opinion  that  no  time 
should  be  lost  in  determining  the  number  and  variety  of 
the  articles  required  for  the  Exhibition,  and  in  submit- 
ting a  representation  to  Government  on  the  subject,  that 
the  necessary  measures  for  procuring  them  may  be  put 
inunediately  in  operation. 

**15.  The  Sub-Committee  find,  from  a  memorandum 
communicated  to  them  by  one  of  their  members,  that 
Kimkhabs,  Tass,  Budlas,  and  other  descriptions  of  ordi- 
nary brocades,  are  readily  procurable  to  order  on  two 
months*  notice,  at  Kasaim  Bazaar,  and  Benares.  With 
respect  to  these  articles,  therefore,  it  is  not  necessanr  to 
anticipate  the  reports  of  the  local  committee  at  those 
stations.  But  tnere  is  a  gorgeous  and  Terr  expensive 
class  of  brocades,  manufactured  with  solicl  gold  wire 


drawn  out  into  fine  thread,  which  cannot  be  had  without 
six  or  eight  months*  previous  notice.  They  would  recom- 
mend, therefore,  that  three  pieces  of  Kim-Khab,  and  three 
of  Tass,  of  the  latter  description,  be  provided  for  on  emer- 
gent order. 

**16.  With  regard  to  Dacca  muslins,  the  Sub-Com- 
mittee understand,  firom  a  memorandum  furnished  by 
Mr.  Agabeg,  that  the  finest  descriptions,  such  as  Mulmul- 
Khas,  take  fully  twelve  months  to  prepare,  one  sicca 
weight  of  the  thread  requiring  three  months  to  be  spun. 
They  would  recommend  that  measures  be  adopted  for  an 
immediate  order  of  the  fiibrics  of  this  description.  A  de- 
tailed memorandum  with  an  estimate  of  tne  prices  are 
appended. 

'*17.  The  procuring  of  the  more  ordinary  sorts  of 
Dacca  muslin  may  be  loft  to  the  Dacca  Local  Committee 
to  arrange  for. 

**  18.  The  Sub-Committee  have  confined  their  attention 
to  the  three  classes  of  fiibrics  above  reported  on,  vis. : 
Cashmere  shawl  £sbrics,  brocades,  and  Dacca  muslins. 

**  H.  Falcokxb,  M.D. 

**  JOSXPH  AOABBO. 

*<  JOBYKISSBH  MOAKSBJXB.** 

Silk  has  long  been  known  in  India,  but  is  supposed  by 
some  to  have  heen  brought  firom  China,  as  in  some  old 
works  it  is  called  cloth  of  China ;  but  we  know  that  there 
are  also  several  spedes  of  silkworm,  as  the  Tussur,  Eria, 
Mooga,  and  GKx>ree,  indigenous  to  the  forests  of  different 
parts  of  India.  The  silk  of  Bengal  was  originally  inferior 
m  quality  and  carelessly  wound.  The  East  India  Com- 
pany, in  the  ^ear  1767,  sent  a  Mr.  Wilder  to  improve  the 
winding  of  silk,  and,  in  the  year  1769,  other  Europeans, 
as  drawers,  windere,  reelers,  and  mechanics.  The  filatures 
were  all  in  Bengal,  to  the  southward  of  26^  of  N.  latitude, 
for  the  north-west  provinces  are  much  too  hot  and  dry 
for  the  silkworm.  It  is  probable  that  the  silk  culture 
tnight  easily  be  carried  on  in  the  valleys  of  the  Himalaya. 
Some  fine  specimens  of  raw  silk  have  been  sent  from  Ben- 
gal, as  well  as  from  Mysore.  The  silk  goods  sent  br 
Messrs.  Jardine  and  by  Messn.  Yardon  luive  been  much 
admired,  as  well  as  the  Cashmere  silks,  for  their  substan- 
tial nature  and  for  their  moderated  tone  of  colouring.  On 
the  Bombay  side  we  may  see  that  the  raw  material  is  im- 
ported from  Bengal  and  from  China,  and  that  the  manu- 
facturen  have  attained  a  hi^h  degree  of  skill  and  excd- 
lence.  Among  these  are  pieces  of  silk  which,  like  the 
cottons  mentioned  before,  are  remarkable  for  being  of  dif- 
ferent colours  on  the  two  sides.  These  are  from  Poona 
and  Ahmednuggur. 

Both  calicoes  and  muslins,  as  well  as  woollen  cloths,  are 
employed  by  the  natives  to  embroider,  and  some  beautiful 
specimens  in  all  the  materials,  and  from  different  parts  of 
India,  have  been  sent  to  the  Exhibition ;  and  whether  we 
examine  one  worked  at  Dacca  or  at  Delhi,  Madras  or 
Mooltan,  Cashmere  or  Khyrpoor,  and  whether  in  silk, 
silver  or  gold,  we  see  great  variety  and  taste  displayed  in 
the  patterns,  for  even  the  most  fioweiy  or  gorgeous  are  so 
kept  within  bounds  as  to  appear  never  to  exceed  what  is 
appropriate  to  the  purpose  for  which  the  article  is  made. 
This  wo  see  equallv  in  their  woven  as  in  their  embroidered 
fabrics,  as  much  in  the  rugs  of  EUore  and  the  carpets  of 
Mirzapore  and  Goruckpore  as  in  the  shawls  of  Cashmere, 
and  not  more  in  the  shawls  than  in  the  carpets  of  that 
fiu^famed  valley. 

India  has  long  been  fiunous  for  its  steel,  and  the  natives 
were  early  acquainted  with  the  process  of  wdding  iron. 
Golden  armour  is  frequently  mentioned  in  the  Rig  Veda, 
that  is  12  or  1400  yean  preceding  the  Christian  era; 
and  diflerent  parts  of  the  country  are  fiunous  for  their 
works  in  copper  and  brass,  as  well  as  in  silver  and  gold. 
As  the  natives  emplov  the  two  first  for  the  greater  part  of 
their  cooking  utensiis,  and  the  two  last  both  for  useful 
and  ornamental  purposes,  there  has  always  been  a  great 
demand  for  these  cufTerent  works  in  metals :  all  are  re- 
markable for  the  goodness  of  their  shape,  whether  made 
of  copper  or  brass,  or  of  the  inlaid  work,  called  Bidry. 


[Official  IiLrtTBATiD  Caxalooub.] 


8Y 


936 


EAST  INDIES. 


[Cosu>: 


A] 


Thero  is  grost  elegance  in  the  silyer  senrioe,  inlaid  with 
moeaic  from  Cashmere.  The  same  elegance  of  fonn  is 
seen  in  ihe  rose-water  sprinklers,  or  goolahas,  which  are 
employed  to  sprinkle  rose-water  oyer  departing  Tisitors. 
Much  of  the  jewellery,  though  rich  and  handsome,  is 
peculiar,  hecause  the  tastes  of  the  natives,  and  the  modes 
of  wearing  it,  differ  from  those  of  Europeans.  A  great 
Tariety  as  wdl  of  jewelled  boxes  have  been  sent  by  the 
Maha  Bajahs  of  Nepal  and  Cashmere,  and  by  the  Bajahs 
of  Bajpootana  and  of  Cutch.  The  gold  and  sUyer  girdles 
of  y izianagrum  are  as  perfect  in  workmanship  as  the  gold 
chain  of  Triohinopoly  is  elegant. 

Dacca  is  one  of  the  places  celebrated  for  its  silver  filigree 
work  ;  Cuttock  and  Agra  are  others :  from  all  of  which 
specimens  have  been  sent.  The  articles  usually  made  are 
bracelets,  ear-rings,  brooches,  and  chains  ;  also  groups 
of  flowers,  attar&ns,  and  small  boxes  for  natives,  of  all 
of  which  beautiful  specimens  have  been  sent.  Mr.  Taylor 
says,  the  design  best  adapted  for  displaying  the  delicate 
work  of  filigree  is  that  of  a  leaf.  It  should  be  drawn  on 
stout  paper,  and  of  the  exact  size  of  the  article  intended 
to  be  made.  The  apparatus  used  in  the  art  is  exceedingly 
simple,  consisting  merelv  of  a  few  small  crucibles,  a  piece 
of  bamboo  for  a  blowpipe,  small  hammers  for  fiattening 
the  wire,  and  sets  of  forceps  for  intertwisting  it. 

The  chawing  of  silver  and  gold  wire,  ».  e.  silver  covered 
with  sold  (uMd  as  thread  in  embroidery),  is  extensively 
earned  on  at  Dacca.  Benares  is  also  celebrated  for  the 
art.  The  preparations  of  the  gold-wire  for  the  &brics  of 
Boorhanpore  has  aheadv  been  Ascribed  at  p.  920.  There 
are  several  varieties  of  silver  and  gold  tnread  (Badla) 
made  at  Dacca,  as  Gt)olabatooro  for  the  embroioery  of 
muslins  and  silks;  GK)shoo  for  caps  and  covering  the 
handles  of  chowries ;  Sulmah  for  turbans,  slippers,  and 
hookah  snakes ;  and  Boolun  for  ^Id  lace  and  brocades. 
Some  of  it  is  drawn  as  fine  as  a  hair. 

The  beauty  of  form  is  still  more  conspicuous  in  much 
of  their  Pottery,  Many  of  the  forms  are  those  which 
are  most  admired,  as  being  of  classical  shapes.  Some  of 
the  vases  even  look  almost  as  if  they  were  of  Etruscan 
origin.  There  ift  no  reason  to  believe  that  the  natives 
have  ever  had  anvthing  but  their  own  unerring  taste  to 
guide  them,  whetner  at  Bhagulpore  or  Moradabad,  at 
Kotah,  Ashmedabad,  or  near  Nagpore. 

The  natives  of  India  having  long  been  acquainted  with 
a  number  of  manufactures  which  are  supposed  to  have 
originated  in  Europe,  but  of  which  there  is  no  doubt  that 
traces  may  be  found  at  still  earlier  periods  in  the  East. 
Some  of  these  are  of  a  chemical  nature,  as  for  instance^ 
the  crystallization  of  sugar  and  the  manu&cture  of  indigo, 
as  well  as  that  of  gunpowder,  of  which  several  specimens 
were  sent  in  the  powder-flasks  which  accompanied  many 
of  the  matchlocks,  for  which  their  country  even  now  sup- 
plies the  saltpetre  for  Europe.  Bed  ink  they  obtain  by 
the  action  of  reagents  on  safflower,  &o. ;  and  black  ink 
both  by  a  process  similar  to  our  own,  and  by  another 
which  more  nearly  resembles  that  for  printers*  ink,  which 
is  better  suited  to  their  paper.  Paper  is  another  of  the 
useful  inventions  which  has  long  been  known  in  the 
East.  In  India  is  made  from  a  variety  of  materials,  as 
fit>m  cotton,  and  of  late  years  frt>m  plantain  fibre.  In 
Cashmere  the  fibre  of  hemp  seems  also  to  be  employed, 
but  throughout  the  Himalayas  the  pulp  obtainea  from 
the  fibre  of  Daphne  cannabina  is  universally  employed. 
With  it  have  been  made  the  large  sheets  of  Nepal 
paper.  The  manufacture  of  leather  seems  also  to  have 
been  long  practised,  and  to  have  been  used  for  making 
shoes  and  sfiields.  The  specimens  which  have  been  sent 
are  of  excellent  quality;  but  these  no  doubt  owe  their 
peculiar  qualities  to  European  superintendence,  as  the 
leather  from  Calcutta  was  prepared  by  the  Messrs.  Tail, 
and  that  from  Hoonsoon  at  the  Government  cattle  esta- 
blishment of  that  place.  But  Cashmere  has  been  long 
fSunous  for  its  leather ;  and  Moorcroft,  an  excellent  judge, 
describes  it  as  **  strong,  solid,  heavy,  and  pliable,  and 
this  without  European  aid,  as  in  the  case  of  the  coloured 
specimens  of  leatner  from  the  Bao  of  CutdL     Glass- 


making  is  another  art  with  which  they  are  acqfnamtod,  b 
in  which  they  have  made  little  or  no  progreaa,  as  the  g|i 
is  discoloured  and  used  only  for  bangles  and  small  bottli 
These  are  the  chief  articles  of  manufacture ;  boitheaiitl] 
has  succeeded  in  getting  the  glass-blowers  of  the  noitli-wii 
to  make  him  veiy  fair  barometer  and  thflRnometer  tut 
out  of  broken  European  glass. 

Dyeing  is  a  strictly  chemical  art  with  whidi  the  ffindc 

have  been  acquainted  from  very  eariy  perioda,  thoogh  : 

inprovements  appear  to  have  been  made  in  it  for  agi 

Theiv^countiy  ^pelds  an  abundance  and  a  Tarietj  of  n 

materials  as  wehave  seen  in  the  list  of  dyea ;  tbemordai 

which  they  employ  are  chiefly  alum  and  salts  of  iro 

while  the  alkalies  and  adds  which  thej  likewise  empl 

can  be  considered  as  useful  only  in  changing  the  abades 

colours.    Calico-printing  is  universally  acEnowledged 

being  of  Indian  origin,  and  an  art  which  was  known 

the  Egyptians,  as  mentioned  by  Pliny,  in  a  paaaage  fi 

quentfy  quoted.    Though  the  art  has  so  gieat!^  amBDo 

in  Europe,  the  Indian  patterns  still  retain  their  own  pi 

ticular  beauties  and  please  multitudes  of  adiuirera,  dne  i 

doubt,  in  a  great  measure,  to  the  command  wfaidi  tl 

natives  of  India  have  of  colours,  and  the  admirable  tai 

with  which  they  harmomse  complicated   pattema.    < 

some  parts  of  the  art,  as  for  instance  printing  on  gol 

which  has  been  only  recentiy  practised  in  Europe,  son 

excdlent  specimens  have  been  sent  fiom  Western  India. 

Having  so  early  practised  many  of  theae  aria,  it  is  ve 

remarkable  that  the  Hindoos  should  for  so  many  ag 

have  remained  satisfied  with  the  progress  thej  had  mad 

This  has  been  ascribed  in  a  great  measure  to  tbedistinetic 

of  castes,  and  to  the  pofitical  condition  of  the  peopl 

Hiat  they  are  capable  of  greatiy  improrinff  in  the  diftra 

useful  arts,  is  evident  fr^m  the  works  iraiA  are  tan 

out  of  the  Gkyvemment  magazines  and  arsenala,  and  i 

may  be  seen  in  the  accoutrements,  and  in  the  models  < 

the  artillery  frt>m  the  diflbrent  Presidenciea.     The  saa 

thing  may  be  seen  in  the  teak-shipping  built  at  Bomba; 

The  saw-gins  made  in  India  are  said  to  do  their  wovk  i 

efficiently  as  those  of  England  or  of  America.    On  the  pr 

sent  occasion  we  have  harness  as  well  as  boots  from  tl 

Messrs.  Monteith  of  Calcutta,  which  would  do  credit  f 

any  shop  in  London  or  Paris.    So  also  the  ropes  made  i 

imitation  of  those  in  use  in  Europe,  as  sent  by  Measr 

Harlon  and    Messrs.   Thompson,    from  Oalcatta.    Tl 

neatness  of  their  work  may  also  be  seen  in  the  model  < 

the  crushing-machine  sent  by  the  Pninniiannfy  flumi 

of  Madras,  and  the  deUcacy  and  accuracy  of  itf^^tiw 

made  by  their  hands  in  the  coin-sorting  -mmt^m^  of  Majc 

Smith. 

The  Hindoos  are  remarkable  not  only  for  the  esqidsil 
skill  which  they  display  in  the  fabrication  of  the  smalk 
works  of  £sncy,  but  for  the  patience  and  reeolution  whie 
they  display  in  the  excavation  of  their  rodk-cut  temple 
and  for  the  beautiful  poUsh  which  they  have  given  to  tli 
surfiice  of  the  hardest  rocks.  Dr.  Kennedy  has  deecribe 
the  tools  with  which  the  Hindoo  workman  performs  thei 
works.  They  consist  of  a  small  steel  chiael  and  of  a 
iron  mallet — *'  with  such  simple  instmmenta  they  fenaec 
fiishioned,  and  scraped  the  granite  rock  whidi  lonns  tb 
tremendous  fortress  of  Dowlatabad  and  excavated  tb 
wonderful  caverns  of  EUora;  for  it  seema  by  no  mean 
probable  that  the  Hindoo  stone-cutters  ever  worked  witi 
any  other  tools."  The  mode  in  which  they  polish  thes 
masses  of  granite  are  the  same  in  principle  as  haa  ahead 
been  described  as  being  practised  by  the  stone-poliaha 
of  Cambay,  pounded  corundrum  mixed  with  melted  bea 
wax  being  let  into  the  hollow  of  a  heavyl>look  of  granitv 
which  is  moved  backwards  and  forwards  until  the  requiivi 
polish  has  been  produced.  We  may  be  less  suiprisec 
therefore,  with  the  poUsh  ffiven  to  the  smaller  articles  c 
agate  and  cornelian,  for  which  not  only  the  workmen  c 
Cambay  but  also  of  Cashmere  have  so  Ions  been  dii 
tinguished.  In  the  jewel-cases  of  the  Indian  departmenl 
we  have  some  beautiful  specimens  fit>m  Lahore  of  ctyst« 
cups  as  well  as  agate  boxes  inlaid  with  precuma  stona 
Baron  Hugel  states  having  seen  in  Cashmere  a 


DiPKNDBNCUn.] 


BAST  INDIES.— CEYLON. 


937 


crystal  irfaidi  four  men  could  soaroelj  lift.  There  could 
be  no  difBeulty  in  oairing  in  marble  or  other  stone,  but 
we  cannot  the  less  admire  the  beautiful  patterns  of  the 
■tone  soTBens  from  Biirsi^re.  Such  screens  usually  of 
marUe  are  often  used  for  surrounding  the  tombs  in  the 
old  buildin(|s  of  Agra  and  of  DelhL  The  skill  in  canrinff 
is  equally  displayed  in  softer  materials,  as  in  sandal-wood 
and  ebony,  and  also  in  the  black-wood  (Dalhergia  lati- 
foUa)^  of  which  so  many  specimens  may  be  seen  in  the 
lumhure  made  at  Bombay.  This  skill  is  also  displayed  by 
the  irory-canrers  of  Berhampore,  the  shell- workers*  of 
Dacca,  and  in  the  horn-work  of  Yixagi^wtam  and  of 
Yiaiadrong,  and  in  that  of  the  cocoa-nut  at  Tanjore,  and 
fltill  more  in  the  deUcaoy  with  which  the  fiffures  of  the 
Bajah  and  Banee  of  Travancore  are  produced,  in  so  soft 
u^Tieldiiig  » mterul  a.  mth. 

The  fine  arts  have  hardly  attained  that  excellence  in 
India  as  to  require  much  notice,  except  as  connected  with 
the  objects  within  the  limitations  of  the  Exhibition. 
Fainting  has  nerer  attained  to  any  excellence,  though  the 
nattres  are  admirable  delineators  of  some  objects,  as  of 
natural  history,  which  they  can  copy  to  a  hair,  without, 
howerer,  any  attention  to  perspectiTC.  The  paintings  on 
talc  whidi  are  exhibited  are  interesting  as  exhibiting 
trades  and  costumes.  Their  sculpture,  though  empkrrod 
in  the  representations  of  their  gods  and  emldeBses,  has 
nerer  succeeded  in  siring  good  riews  of  the  numan  figure; 
and  yet  thej  would  seem  capable  of  effecting  much,  for 
the  models  of  the  figures  of  the  rarious  castes  are  yery 
successful  in  the  yariety  of  expression  which  they  impart, 
and  theb  success  is  great  in  t ne  earring  of  some  animals ; 
as,  for  instance,  in  the  head  of  the  elephant  in  irory, 
finom  Berhampore;  also  in  the  stone  figures  of  the 
elenhant,  rhinoceros,  and  sacred  ox.  Their  stone,  wood, 
ana  vworj  carving  might  eren  be  considered  as  coming 
within  tins  section  of  the  fine  arts,  from  the  beauty  of  the 
patterns  and  the  elegance  of  effSsct  which  is  produced. 

EngraTing  on  gems  has  long  been  practised  in  the  East, 
and  with  gnat  success,  as  fiu*  as  ornamented  letters  are 
conoemed.  Of  these  there  are  some  £syourable  speci- 
mens from  Delhi ;  and  from  Madras,  we  hare  stones  en- 
graved, representations  of  a  lighthouse,  and  monuments. 

The  mosaics  frmn  Agra,  as  shown  in  the  marble  chess- 
table  inlaid  with  agates,  as  well  as  in  inkstands,  card- 
timys,  Ac.,  are  fisvourable  specimens  of  the  art.  Though 
it  IS  sometimes  said  that  this  art  may  hare  been  intro- 
duced into  Agra  from  Italy,  it  is  not  more  elegant  in 
pattern  than  tne  inlaid  work,  for  which  the  metal-work 
called  **  bidry,*'  is  conspicuous,  and  for  which  the  inlaid 
■ilyer  service  and  bedstead  frtnn  Cashmere  is  so  remark- 
able. This  beauty  of  pattern,  so  conspicuous  in  the 
shawls  of  Cashmere,  is  also  displayed  with  remarkable 
taste  in  the  several  boxes  and  pen-and-ink  timys  frtmi 
the  same  part  of  India. 

Architecture  is  at  least  one  of  the  fine  arts  in  which  the 
Hindoos  have  excelled,  as  their  style  is  theb  own,  and  the 
eCfocts  which  they  produce  peculiar  and  striking,  and  this 
whether  we  examine  the  carved  temples  of  EUora,  or  the 
pagodas  of  the  Peninsula ;  of  these,  the  pith  modeLs  are 
the  only  representatives  in  the  Exhibition.  The  modeli 
which  are  exhibited  from  Benares  and  Mirxapore  show  the 
ordinary  form  of  the  temples  in  the  valley  oi  the  Ganges, 
while  the  models  of  the  Musjid  or  mosque  and  Hindoo 
temple  from  Ahmedahad  show  a  difibrent  style  of  archi- 
tecture. 

From  the  vary  cursory  view  whidi  we  have  taken  of 
the  arts  of  India,  ire  cannot  but  allow  that  the  natires  of 
that  country,  with  but  simple  means  and  their  unassisted 
efforts,  have  produced  works  which  we  cannot  but  admire, 
even  after  wandering  in  all  the  courts  of  the  Crystal 
FaJaoe  dedicated  to  the  arts  of  Europe ;  and,  if  we  doubt 
our  own  judgments,  we  may  refer  to  the  numerous  artists 


*  **  Tb«mftaaflMtiii»  of  riwll  bracelets  to  <me  of  UMindteetMNwarta  of 
Branl,  ia  whkh  the  caate  of  Sankari  at  Daeea  esorl.  The  ckamkt  of 
whidi  they  afe  mwle  art  large  oonvolnte  ahella  (  VobOm  ^roau,  Linn.), 
froea  iU  to  aeren  i»ebea  kmir,  and  of  a  pare  white  cokrar.  They  are 
iaapoffted  Into  Cklcatte  from  Ramnad  and  Donthnn  India,  oppome  to 
€b7loa,  aad  ftoa  the  Maldivt  UsDda." 


who  may  daily  be  seen  employed  in  drawing  and  studying 
the  works  of  a  people  wnom  many  consider  as  placed 
beyond  the  pale  of  civilization,  but  among  whom  we  may 
see  the  practice  of  many  useful  arts,  which  ire  sometimes 
fimey  our  own,  because  the  Moors  introduced  them  into 
Europe ;  and  we  may  observe,  also,  the  germs  of  some 
discoveries  which  we  know  have  only  recently  been  ma- 
tured in  Europe,  though  we  have  no  means  of  judging 
whether  the  idea  may  not,  in  some  instances,  have  come 
fix>m  the  East. 

We  cannot  do  better  than  conclude,  therefore,  these 
hastily-written  observations  on  the  arts  and  manufoctures 
of  India,  in  one  of  the  mottoes  of  the  OIBdal  Catalogue — 

'*SaT  not  THB  DISGOySliUES  WS  XAKl  ASM  OTTSL  OWN: 
THB  OERM8  OF  EVEBT  ABT  ABB  IMPLANTBD  WITHIN  US, 
AND    God,    OUB    INSTBUCTOB,    TBOM    HIDDBN    B0UBCB8, 


n 


DBYELOPB  THB  FACIXLTIB8  01  INTBNTION. 


CEYLON. 

NoBTH  Abbas,  I.  J.  81. 

Ck)LLBcnoN  of  Natural  Pboduotions  and  ICahufac- 
TUBBS  of  the  Island  of  Cbtlon  : — 

Bock  CrystaL  Iron  and  common  quarts.  Amethyst. 
Gkmet.  Cinnamon  stone.  Harmotome.  Hornblende. 
Hypersthene.    Common  corundum. 

Buby.  ChrysoberyL  Zircon.  Mica.  Adularia.  Com- 
mon felspar.  Green  felspar.  Albite.  Chlorite.  Finite. 
Black  Tourmaline.  Calc-spar.  Bitterspar.  Apatite,  fluor* 
spar.     Chiastolite. 

Iron  pyrites ;  magnetic  iron  pyrites.  Brown  iron  ore. 
Spathic  iron  oro.  Magnetic  iron  ore.  Titaniferous  iron 
ore.     Ironglance.     Manganese.     Molybdenglance. 

Tin  oro.  Arseniate  of  NickeL  Flumbago.  Epirtilblte. 
Gadolinite.  Wolfram.  Crichtonite.  Ilmenite.  Pyrochlore. 
Binnerite.    Ceylonite.    Cabook.    Kaolin. 

[The  geology  of  Ceylon  is  imperfectly  known  in  detail, 
but  it  appears  that  various  porphyritic  rocks  and  gneiss 
chiefly  prevail,  the  latter  covering  the  largest  area,  but  the 
former  exhibiting  many  very  interesting  varieties.  Sand* 
stone  occurs  to  some  extent,  and  some  calcareous  rocks 
and  dolomite  have  also  been  described. 

The  mineral  produce  of  the  island  is  somewhat  varied 
and  of  considerable  value,  and  many  of  the  minerals  men- 
tioned above  aro  of  considerable  interest.  Of  the  metals, 
iron  and  manganese  abound,  while  several  gems  (cat*s-eye, 
ruby,  and  sapphire),  plumbago,  salt,  and  nitre,  aro  also 
important  sources  of  profitable  trade.  There  aro  several 
hermal  mineral  springs,  considered  valuable  for  medical 
purposes. 

Some  varieties  of  precious  corundum  of  considerable 
value  have  been  found  in  Ceylon,  but  Fcgu  \m  their  chief 
locality.  The  Ceylon  plumbago  is  soft,  but  remarkably 
pure.  The  salt  exiits  in  natural  deposits,  and  is  an  im- 
portant source  of  revenue.  Nitre  is  found  in  caverns,  and 
\b  widely  distributed.  Of  the  various  minerals  mentioned 
above,  Oadoliiie  contains  the  rare  earths  yttria  and 
glucina,  and  Pjfocklore^  the  equally  rare  substances, 
cdumbium,  cerium,  and  thorium.  Cabook  it  a  reddish 
loam,  resulting  from  the  decomposition  of  clay  iron- 
stone.—D.  T.  A.] 

Gbbt,  The  Countess. 
A  gQt  sprinkler  under  a  glass  shade,  from  Ceylon. 

Albbbcht,  Gbbbnhill»  k  Co. 

Cinnamon  and  cinnamon  oiL 

Cocoa-nuts,  frvm  the  South  and  Weet  Frovince.  Rice, 
generaL  Arrow-root,  frtmi  the  South  Frovince.  Manioca, 
&t>m  the  West  and  South  Province.  HiU  paddy,  from  the 
Central  Frovince.     Cumgan,  genend.     liaise^  from  the 


93d 


CEYLON. 


[Oof/nraEs  AK 


South  and  Gentral  Prorinoe.  Millet  and  Tinne,  from  the 
same. 

Coffee,  from  the  Central  Provinoe,  chiefly.  Cardamoms, 
from  the  Four  Korles,  Oalle. 

Cinnamon,  from  the  Western  ProTinoe. 

Tohacco,  from  JafiVia,  Negomho,  Tangalle.  Qinffer  and 
nutmegs  from  the  Western  Province.  Yams  and  sweet 
potatoes.    Talipot  leaTCS,  from  the  Central  Province. 

Cocoa-nut  sugar,  from  Batticaloa ;  Palmyra  sugar,  from 
Jafiha ;  Cane  sugar,  from  the  Western  Province. 

Manioca  flour,  fix>m  the  West  and  South  Province. 
Arrow-root  flour,  fix>m  the  Southern  Province.  Sago, 
from  the  Northern  Province.    Vinegar. 

Cotton,  native,  Bourbon  and  Soft  Island ;  from  Bat- 
ticaloa and  Jaffiuk 

Coir  fibre,  from  the  South  and  West  Province. 

Qamboge  and  tamarinds,  from  the  West  and  East  Pro- 
vince. 

Areca  nuts,  from  Four  Korles. 

[The  areca  nuts  mentioned  are  yielded  by  a  palm,  and 
are  highly  esteemed  by  the  natives  of  the  East.  They 
prove  a  not  unimportant  article  of  commerce,  and  one 
also  employed,  to  a  small  extent,  in  the  arts.  But  they 
are  princiiMdly  valued  for  a  sort  of  inebriating  property 
which  they  possess,  and  which  is  perceived  in  chewing 
them.  Those  who  become  addicted  to  this  habit,  which 
is  almost  universal,  are  passionately  attached  to  the  use  of 
these  nuts. — ^B.  E.] 

Copperah,  from  the  East  and  West  Province.  (Cop- 
perah  is  the  dried  kernel  of  the  cocoa-nut,  which  abounds 
m  the  South.) 

Timber,  general  Clearing  Nut,  from  the  North  West 
and  East  P^vince. 

Aloe  fibre,  cardamum,  plantain,  and  hibiscus  fibre,  from 
Kandy  and  Colombo. 

[The  bark  of  several  species  of  Hilnsctu  is  so  tenacious 
as  to  yield  a  serviceable  material  for  textile  purposes. 
For  the  manufacture  of  a  coarse  kind  of  cordage  it  is  con- 
siderably employed,  and  the  fibre  is  likewise  used  for 
making  a  coarse  description  of  sacking.  The  Hibiscut 
belongs  to  the  Malvaceous  variety  of  plants. — E.  E.] 

Ivory  and  buffalo  horns,  from  the  North  and  East 
Province.  Deer  horns,  from  the  Central  and  North 
Province. 

Birds'  nests,  from  Pasdoom  Korle. 

Honey  and  wax,  from  Bintenne. 

Hides  and  hoofs,  from  Colombo. 

Musk,  from  the  Northern  Province. 

Chay,  a  root,  or  Indian  madder,  from  the  Northern 
Provinces. 

Jack  and  malillc,  or  halmalille  woods,  general. 

Sappan  wood,  from  the  West,  South,  and  East  Provinces. 

Turmeric  and  myrobolans,  from  the  East  Coast. 

[The  turmeric  of  commerce  is  yielded  by  a  plant  be- 
longing to  the  natural  order  ZingiheracetBy  and  botani- 
cally  called  Curcuma  longa.  It  is  largely  used  in  the 
preparation  of  various  condiments,  and  also  for  dyeing. 
It  has  likewise  medicinal  properties.  The  analytical 
chemist  is  accustomed  to  prepare  slight  testings  for  alka- 
lies by  the  aid  of  paper  coloured  with  turmeric,  the  change 
of  colour  affording  him  the  information  he  requires. — 
R.  E.] 

Pearls,  Arcjso. 

Chalks,  from  the  Northern  Province.  Jaflba  moss,  from 
Calpentyn. 

Sponges  and  cowries  from  Jaffna  and  Trincomalee. 

Salt  from  Chelaw  and  Hambautotte. 

Becho  de  mer,  from  the  Northern  Province. 

[Beche  de  Mer  is  a  radiated  animal  of  the  Holothuria 
tribe.] 

Oils:    cocoa  nut,    purified,  cinnamon,  dove,  citron. 


lemon  grass,  and  cajeputi,  from  Colombo,  Galla. 

oil,  from  Kandy.    Cioton  and  castor  oila,  finm  Oolonb 

Kekuna  and  gingelly  oils,  from  Kandr.     CStfOiiBDa,  ami 

mel,  and  spearmint  oik,  from  Ghdla,      Mm  oil,  fra 

Colombo. 

Models  of  carriages  and  palanquim,  from  OolmBbo 

Chekoos,  from  the  Weetcorn  Province. 

Looms;  BtiUs  (medical),  from  the  NorCli,  Kovth  Wei 
and  South  Provinces. 

Forges ;  smelting  furnaces,  from  the  Cflntnd  and  Soul 
Provinces. 

Models  of  boats ;  guns ;  weapons,  general,  Kaadj,  As 

Agricultural  tools. 

Cotton  fi&brics,  plain  and  dyed,  from  the  North,  B« 
and  South  Provinces. 

Cotton  fabrics,  painted,  from  Kandy. 

Lace,  from  GhJle. 

Cutlery,  general. 

CK)ld  and  silver  ornaments,  from  Kandy,  Jaffiia,€b]]e,  ft 

Crockeiy,  plain  and  painted;  and  four  toma,  fio 
Kandy  and  Matura. 

Matting,  from  Kandv  and  Caltunu 

Coir  cordage,  from  the  Southern  Provinces.  Coir  wd 
bing  and  bagging,  from  the  Southern  and  Northern  Pi> 
vinces. 

[Among  the  almost  innimierable  uses  to  whidi  tl 

cocoa-nut  palm.  Cocoa  nucifera,  has  been  applied,  that  < 

yielding  a  fibre  for  the  production  of  cordage  is  not  tl 

least  important.    This  fibre,  called  eoir,  is  obtained  froi 

the  rind  of  the  nut.  It  is  manufactured,  on  an  extensii 
scale,  into  cordage,  webbing,  bagging,  Ac.,  and  posseasi 

certain  properties  which  practically  fit  it  for  this  purpos 
Being  little  acted  on  by  water,  and  at  the  same  tin 
extremely  tenacious,  the  rope  made  of  it  is  valuable  fi 
maritime  purposes.  The  fibre  is  too  coarse  for  any  of  U 
finer  textile  purposes. — B.  £.] 

Aloe  bagging,  from  Kandy.  Hibiscas  bagging;  ai 
cordage.    Sanserira  bagging,  from  Colombo. 

[The  Sanserira  bagging  is  obtained  from  the  fibre  of 
hibiaceous  perennial  plant,  abundant  in  tro|Ncal  Afri 
and  India  generally.  The  fibre  is  extremely  tough,  ai 
answers  for  the  manu&cture  of  coarse  matcariala,  such  \ 
that  described.  Several  other  plants  of  the  same  ord 
are  found  to  yield  a  useful  fibre  for  textile  purposes. — R.  fi 

Tortoiseshell  and  Chank  omamenta,  from  Kaiid 
Matura,  and  GhiUe.    Fishing  lines  and  nets. 

Baskets  and  boxes ;  quill,  deer  horn,  buffido  horn,  ai 
straw,  from  Caltura  and  Galle. 

Kandy  painted  baskets  and  boxes;  umbrdlaa;  ponkal 
from  Kandy. 

Ornamented  olas  soap,  from  Kandy  and  Malura,  Qall 

Carved  work,  ebony,  from  Ckdle  and  Oalturm ;  ivotr,  fiv 
Four  Korles  ;  woods,  from  GhiUe  and  Galturm ;  steo,  fiv 
the  Central  Provinces ;  cocoa-nut  sheila,  from  Galle ;  ai 
egg  shells,  Kandy. 

Models  of  Temples,  from  Colombo. 

Pablbtt,  CHallorak,  &  Co.,  Ckdomha, 
Specimens  of  cinnamon,  with  essential  oila  extraet 
therefrom ;  with  implements  for  cutting  and  peelii^. 

An  ebony  table,  inlaid  with  fifty  different  woods ;  a  fi 
specimen  of  Cingalese  cabinet-work. 

Model  of  coffee-works  and  apparatus  used  in  Oeyloo. 

Model  of  patent  stove  and  apparatus  for  curing 
by  M.  Clerihew,  of  Rathnagon. 

Thirty  specimens  of  medicinal  ofla,  from  T.  A. 
Kandy. 

Guns  and  resins  from  T.  A.  Pieris,  of  Kandy. 

Forty  specimens  of  ornamental  and  house-buildi 
timber. 

Desk  of  porcupine  quills.     Ebony -carved  flower 

Painted  ivory  fan-handle. 

Bufialo  horns  mounted  in  silver. 


BP.3T3SH  POSSESSIONS 
m  EUROPE. 

CHANNEL  ISLANDS.— MEDITERRANEAN. 


Fom  spedftl  infonnation  on  the  general  ch&racteriitics  of  the  contrifautiona  forwarded  by  different  places  comine 
under  this  head,  reference  will  be  made  to  the  commencement  of  each.  A  ehort  prefatory  notice  is  intcndea 
to  fumiah  a  sketch  in  outline  of  these,  and  is  attached  to  each  Heparata  catalo)cue.  The  dependencies  included 
nnder  this  head  an  in  numerical  order — the  Channel  Islands,  Malta,  and  the  Ionian  lalanda. — R.  E. 


CHANNEL    ISLANDS.  senting  the  signing  of  Magna  Charta,  will  receive 

"Kn-a-ra  <imr   I    I   aft  notico.    The  natural  history  of  the  islands  is  repre- 

r«OBTuou>K,  1.  J.  aw.  aented  by  a  collection  of  s|«:imenB  of  conchology.  The 

"ipUin  W.  Walbi^ieb  CanjoaB,  Ibr-  ihell-beaches  of  the  beautiful  island  of  Henn  form  the 

Htlier,  Jeruy,  and  Tkokib  Cluois,  source  of  a  great  variety  of  species,  and  are  the  resort 

im^  Baq.,  Nne  Oramd  Trrraee,  Ongrnttg.  of  every  naturalist  visltini:  these  islands.    The  shells 

Th*  Channel  Islands,  which  are  represented  in  the  ""^  formed  into  a  number  of  ornamented  articles,  of 

Exhibitian  by  nearly  fifty  exhibitors  from  Jerseyand  "li'ch  some  are  exhibitwl.     The   natural   history  of 

Guernsey,  have  supplied  an  interesting  and  character-  tli^se  islands   is,   in  many  respects,   as   m   the   case 

istic  oollectioo  of  articles  in  the  various  classes.     The  "^  o"'^''  inBulat«d  spots,  pccular;   bnt  it  is  to  the 

Boological  character  of  this  group,  which  belongs  to  the  "*«!"  "f  industiy  of  some   of  the  inhabitanU  that 

primary  rocks  eiclusively,  is  indicated  by  a  collection  ^^u*  Catalogue  chiefly  refers.— H.  E, 

m  Claaa  I.  of  the  granites  and  other  rocks  of  that  series  

entering  into  the  ionnation  of  the  islands.    These  rocks      ,-_  _  „  -nnaninj 

are  eiwiiaively  quarried  for  building  purposes,  aud  the      1     W*"^  =«^'  CiyBBLi,  P.O.S.,  S,ye,t  Boad, 
granite  and  syenite,  particularly  the  latter,  are  highly        „    ,     .    ,  ,  ','"*''     ■        r  -r  ^ 

Tallied  and  posaess  a  fine  grain.     Several  of  the  streets        Oeologu^l  rroeomen.  of  the  gi^t^  of  JeI■w^  arrangrf 

of  the  met^r«lis  are  |«ived  with  granite  from  these  ^  ^'^  .°f  *™  '"»'  TTl^-P^^T%!^  """S 

1.1.^,4.   -nxl  I.,^,... „,„„..  V.,.-  i,^„^.~,.~l  r-™  .™„-  Mado  and  La  Brugne,  St.  John  s  Paruh  j  Bl.  Msiy  s,  St. 

ialmda,  and  monuments  have  been  eroct«d  frmn  some  B™de,  St.  Cleni^t,  St.  Aubin ;    B00I.7  Bay.  Trinity  j 

Of  the  finest  vanetiei.     The  ishinda  are  remarkable  a.  „^  ^,^„    gj  q^     congio«.™te,  8t.'citfc;rine.    ' 
oontaining  no  foesil  remains,  nor  any  of  the  derivative        ^„  .  .         ,        , .  ,       .  .   .   .  .  «        „ 

rocks  properly  so  considered.     The  fertility  of  the  soil        [The  i^enitir  rock-,  -hicl.  ve  quamed  ehieBj  M  Mount 

is  indicated  by  a  collection  of  wheaU  grown  in  Jersey,  St.  M«io.  in  St.  John'i  j»ri.h,  Jersey,  are  TOmmpreially 

and  arranged  with   considerable   care ;   and   the  im-  vJuable.     The  other   ^ock^  and  particularly   the  c«n- 

portant  element  iu  the  adaptation  of  the  soil  to  the  glomerate  from  SI.  Calbmne's  Bay,  we  intcrvsling  only 


requirements  of  the  farmer — manure — is  also  shown,  lo  the  naturalist  and  geologiat.  No  IrKei  of  any  metala, 
and  consists  of  the  burnt  and  fused  ashes  of  marine  with  the  eiception  of  iron,  hare  bren  obnencd  in  Zvm-y, 
plants.  These  plants  are  called  by  the  intiabilants  uid  the  ilstcs  of  the  schisloBe  rocks  have  not  been  lued 
"  vraic,"  and  are  collected  at  stated  periods.  They  fo,  economical  purpoH-s.  The  peculiar  rigidity  and  wild- 
contain,  when  burnt,  a  huso  proportion  of  iodine,  and  „^  ^t  outhne  of  the  rocks  of  the  primary  icria,  is 
are  useful  u  a  manure  from  their  other  »line  and  „riiingiy  „empbGcd  around  ll.e  co«(.  F«nt«iic  rock. 
«rthy  .nRi^henta  Sp^.mensof  lo-hno obtained  from  ^^  ^^'f^  ^^  .tore  the -ate,^  and  the  .tcep chlft 
Tiaic  are  exhibited.  RpL-cimcns  of  silk  reared  in  ,.,_,,  ,  ,  „.i  i,„ii„__i  ;„,„„i,._„. 
aiKm*,y  are  interesting;  as  snugesling  attention  to  oni,enortl.e,ii>hofe«,fn^u™tl,  hollowed  mtorh«m. 
«i  important  and  pro&ly  ulrinutelj  a  profitable  ""1-"™-  No.w,lh,t«.ding  tl,e  foive  and  rolont,  of 
direction  for  the  cmploj-ment  of  capital.  Knitted  the  tidJ  current  «oundlhe*  iJ.n.Ls  but  hl.lem.pre«ion 
articles  of  various  kinds  indicate  the  constant  employ-  api™™  to  ho  "-J"  "P'^  "*■"■  ''">  by  the  iwU  of  Ihe 
menl  of  tho  peasant  women  of  these  islands.  A  laTgo  Atlmtic,  the  war™  of  which,  when  provoked  by  south- 
sideboard  of  native  oak,  chiefly  with  earring  repre-  werterly  wind*,  beat  impctuou*ly  upon  thecoasl.— B.  E.] 

[OmcuL  luuSTurxD  CAiUMCt.]  S  Z 


940 


JERSEY  AND  GUERNSEY. 


[COLQKTBS  AKI 


2        Le  Oouteub,  Col.  John,  Belle  Vue,  Jersey— 

Producer. 

Specimens  and  notes  of  produce  of  some  of  the  most 
approved  varieties  of  wheat  cultivated  in  Great  Britain, 
Jersey,  &c.,  arranged  by  J.  Le  Couteur,  F.R.S.,  M.S.A., 
Aide-de-Camp  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen. 

White  winter  wheat. 

Var.  No.  1.  Triticum  Hibemum  Hybridum  Candidum 
Epulonum  Leucospermum  of  La  GUsca,  ex-Curator  Boyal, 
Gardens,  Madrid. 


1.  C)antuc(JeTwy).  See^nXn. 
bit  imperial  bushels  to  the  acre. 

8.  Chidham.  1 R38.  - 1 8  lbs.  of 
flour  pruduoed  26  lb».  A  ox.  of  ex- 
cellent white  bread.   Nature  dry . 

8.  Beikshire. 

4.  Lewin's  Eclipoe. 

&.  Glutton. 

6.  Whittington.  1641.— STlbn. 
of  flour  produced  37  lbs.  of  good 
bread,  rather  brown.  Keeps  moist. 

7.  Brown  Chevalier.  S7  lbs. 
produced  8i«  lbs.  U  ox.  excellent 
white  bread. 

8.  Canada. 

9.  Burrill,  from  Earl  Spencer. 
1848.— S7  lbs.  of  flour  produced 
86  lbs.  white  bread. 


tO.  Hardcastlc. 

11.  Old  Ksaex. 

12.  Pegglenham. 

13.  Ten-rovied  Prolific. 

14.  Old  SufTulk. 
lb.  EarlToham. 

16.  White  Dantzic.  Lincoln. 

17.  Old  Lammas  Prize.  Devon. 
16.  Dantzic,  Oxford. 

19.  Old  Welsh  white  Lemon. 

80.  Mullybrack,  Norfolk. 

81.  Pearl,  Scotland. 
88.  French. 

83.  London  Superior. 

84.  Roynl  SUndard. 

85.  Baltic.     18  lbs.  of  flour  pro- 

duced 83  lbs.  of  bread. 

86.  Kentish  long. 


Winter  compact  varieties  (Fr.  FromenU  carrSs;  Ger. 
VteneUige  Weizen), 

Var.  No.  2.  Trit.  Hib.  Album  Densum,  of  La  Gasca. 


1.  Jersey  Pearl.  48  bushels  to 
the  acre.  1 8  lbs.  of  flour  produced 
84  lbs.  of  bread,  white,  dry  nature. 
1837. 

8.  Dneksbill,  Kiel.  1836.— 
18  lbs  of  flour  produced  84  lbs.  of 
bread,  rather  moist. 

8.  Britannia. 

4.  Buckland  Toussaint,  Devon. 

6.  Hnffolk  Thickset. 

6.  Matsochino,  Italy. 

7.  Buff  Surrey. 


8.  aiili.   1846.— 87  lbs.  of  flour 

Eroduced  34  lbs.  18  oss.  brown 
eavy  bread.  Condemned,  after 
seven  years  of  trial,  though  suited 
to  the  stormy  regions  of  the  moun- 
tains of  Chili. 

9.  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

10.  CoturiannmCompaotum,La 
Oasca.  58  bushels  to  the  acre. 
87  lbs.  of  flour  produced  36  lbs. 
8  oxs.  white  bread,  of  a  moist  na- 
ture. 


Var,  No.  3.  Elongated  winter  wheat  (Fr.  FromenU 
alongSs;  Ger.  Weizen  Verlangeit), 

Trit.  Hib.  Candidissimum  Epulonum  of  La  Gasca. 


1.  Dantsic,  Jersey.  See  Grain, 
High-mixed,  of  commerce.  27  lbs. 
of  Hour  produced  35 1  lljs.  of  ex- 
cellent white  bread. 

8.  Cape  of  Good  Hppe,  longest. 

S.  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  1840. 
—87  lbs.  of  flour  produced  37  lbs. 
6  oxs.  of  white  moist  bread. 

4.  Malaga. 


5.  Lupo,  Italy. 

6.  Gran  GenttI  et  Rosso.  This 
seed  was  seven  years  in  the  hands 
of  the  late  Secretary  of  the  Society 
of  Arts. 

7.  Van  Dieraen's  Land. 

8.  Crim  Tartary. 

9.  Var.  High-mixed,  Dantxic 


Var,  No.  4.  Downy,  or  hoary  wheat  (Fr.  VehtUSs;  Ger. 
WblUffweizen), 

Trit.  nib.  Eoeleri  of  La  Ghtsca. 


1.  Kentish  Downy.  See  Grain, 
B.  V.  55  bushels  to  the  acre. 
1 8  lbs.  flour  produced  86  lbs.  of 
bread,  excellent  quality. 

8.  Guinea,  Norfolk. 

8.  Turgidum. 

C  Imperial  Buff. 

5.  Tunstall  rough  chaff. 

6.  Italian. 

Var.  No.  6.  Red  wheats 
Hath  Weizen).     Trit.  Hib. 

1.  Golden  Drop.    See  Grain. 
8.  Red  Hair  Welsh. 

3.  Rattling  Jack. 

4.  Old  Red  Norfolk. 

5.  New  Red  Norfolk. 

6.  Old  Red  Lammas. 
Britannia. 
Red  Chaff  Dantxic. 
Blood-red  Scotch. 
Syer's. 
York  Square-headed. 

18.  CopdocK. 

13.  Golden  Proliflc 

14.  Red  Burrill. 


7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 


7.  Gotoriannm  CkmfSntnm  of  la 
Gasca. 

8.  Red-grained. 

9.  Chili,  1850— to  be  tried. 

10.  Jersey,  80  lbs.  6  oxs.  of  this 
flour,  and  6  lbs.  10  oxs.  of  bran, 

Eroduced  39  Ibn.  1  ox.  of  good 
read,  second  quality. 


(Fr.  FromenU  Mouges ;  GJer. 
Glabnim  Bufum  of  La  Gasca. 

15.  Essex. 

16.  Proliflc. 

17.  Sark,  very  hardy. 

18.  Wliite  Golden  Drop. 

19.  GiKautic. 
80.  Grand  Rubella. 

21.  Compact  Red. 

22.  Kiel. 

23.  Cape  of  Good  Hope.  1840. 
— 18  lb"*,  of  flour  produced 
86  Il)s.  6  oxs.  of  brown 
bread,  of  a  dry  nature. 

84.  Pale  red  Cape. 


Ger.  SpHngen  Weizen).    Triticum  ^•iimm  Gandidim 
Epolunura  of  La  Ghisca.     Beardless  (Sang  barhes), 

5.  CkpaWhite.  1 840-^7  Dm 
floor  piodaoed  I7i  Iba:  white  wmaL 
luead. 

8.  Mnmmv.  Tombs  of  th 
Kings  of  Tliebea.  tKr  Garfoe 
W  ilkinson.  Raised  aft  Belk  V  m 
ttwa  one  ear,  sent  by  M .  TomM 
Esq  ,  1846.— S7lba.  floor  prodaer< 
35  lbs.  br«Ml.  Vef7  light,  white 
superior. 


1.  BfUe  Vne  Talavera  (Col.  Le 
Couteur's  Seedling).  See  Grain. 
18>8. — 58  bushels  to  the  acre. 
1841.— 87  lbs.  of  flour  |>roduced 
35  lbs.  14  oss.  bread  of  the  finest 
quality. 

8.  Old  proved  Talavera,  Spain. 

8.  Malaga. 

4.  Italian. 


Var.  No.  7.  Bearded  (Fr. 
Bartweizen). 

I.  White  Lily  (Jersey).  See 
Grain.  87  lbs.  flour  produced 
38|  lbs.  bread.  Moist,  white,  su- 
perior. 

8.  Homed  Red  grain.  Lincoln. 

8.  Brittany. 

4.  April. 

5.  Arthur's  Jersey  (hardy,  and 
productive  on  poor  soils). 

6.  Black-Jointed  1841  — 87lba. 
flour  produced  S7  lbs.  of  good 
bread. 

7.  Old  White-hair  Welsh. 


Bted^-irSmoia  harbma;  Ger 


8.  Old  Red-hair  Welslu 

9.  Rivetts. 

10.  Coetbo,  Brittany,  eUBgated. 

11.  Coetbo,        ,, 
18.  Spanish. 

13.  Victoria,  GaraecaiB. 

14.  Rnbankaofooi 

15.  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

16.  Italisai  Red. 

17.  Riel.Baltie. 

18.  Italy. 

19.  Egyptian. 


Var.  No.  6.  Spring  wlieats  (Fr.  BUds  d^  Mart  Tremois; 


Total,  104  specimenB. 

Comj^aHson  and  SentU, 

The  KentisH  or  Jersey  Downy  Wheat : — In  lSi7,  oot 
quarter,  or  463f  Ihs.,  produced  351}  Iba.  of  flour,  vhkl 
produced  482^  lbs.  of  bread. 

Baltic  or  Bostock  Wheat :— In  1847,  454  lbs.  of  ▼heal 
produced  312  lbs.  of  flour,  which  produced  SSB^Iba.  a 
bread. 

Downy,    482^  lbs. 

Bostock,  398i  „ 

or  84  lbs.  excess  over  the  Bostock  on  one  qoar 
ter ;  or  excess  over  one  acre,  at  6  qrs.  to  the  acre,  504  Vtn 
of  bread — the  supply  of  one  person  for  a  year.  The  exon 
Over  some  inferior  varieties,  as  to  quantity  of  prodnc 
and  yield  of  flour,  being  fisur  greater. 

Those  yarieties,  to  which  explanationa  hare  been  gira 
have  all  been  tried  by  the  exhibitor  at  Bdle  Vue. 

[The  agricultural  productions  of  Jersey  are  wbei 
barley,  and  oats :  parsnips  are  grown ;  and  potatoes  ft 
exportation  are  extensively  and  increaaingly  cultrrata 
For  a  series  of  years  the  present  exhibitor  has  been  oor 
pied  in  classifying  and  arranging  the  yarieties  of  wheal 
and  the  facts  developed  by  his  experiments  appear  to  gr 
a  high  degree  of  fertility  of  soil  to  that  of  Jersey  over  t] 
soil  of  other  places.  The  uniformly  mild  and  genial  tcs 
perature  of  these  islands  generally  forms  undoubtedh 
great  element  in  the  success  which  attends  the  laboan 
the  agriculturist,  and  particularly  of  the  horticulturist  ai 
florist,— B.  E.] 

3  DuyusTiE,  Mrs.,  Belmont  Place, 

A  richly  knit  silk  purse :  worked  by  a  lad^  83  y«an 

age.  

4  Bbblakd,  J.,  OrecU  Union  Mood, 

A  machine  to  stop  railway  carriages  instantaneously. 

5  Le  Moyne,  Uekby,  St.  Helier^  Jer»ey — Invents 
Diagrams  to  elucidate  the  method  of  trisecting  ai 

angle.     These  diagrams  are  the  exhibitor's  inventioo. 

[The  trisection  of  an  angle  by  plane  geometry  is 
problem  as  impossible  as  the  quadrature  or  rectificati 
of  the  circle. — B.  W.] 

6  Chevalier,  Joun,  Don  Street — Inventor. 
Model  of  a  swinging  beacon,  for  the  prevention  of  shj 

wrecks,  by  marking  the  situation  of  rocks.     Not  liable 
be  damaged,  or  carried  away  by  sea  or  shipping. 

[The  sea  all  around  these  islands  is  boset  with  roc 


/ 


DKPBKDKNaiSS. 


JERSEY  AND  GUERNSEY. 


941 


upon,  which  iiBArfol  shipwrecks  hare  taken  place,  attended 
with  great  loss  of  life.  Beaooos  of  yarious  kinds  are 
placed  apon  them ;  hut  these  are  often  of  little  avail,  in 
conseqnwice  of  the  dense  fogs  which  at  times  fill  the 
ChanneL  An  exhibitor  in  a  preceding  Class  has  reoom- 
mended  the  adoption  on  some  of  these  rocks  of  a  light- 
bouse  of  hrass,  the  dome  of  which  might  be  oonyerted  into 
m  gnat  bdl,  which  might  be  struck  during  thick  weather. 
— R.E.]  

7      DmUL  OoirDX,  M.,  Bro<id  Streti — ^MaaufiMJturer. 
Speamens  of  artificial  teeth,  of  norel  construction,  and 


with  double  hinges. 


8  Futhajc,  B.  D.,  1  Oxfbrd  Place,  St.  Marks,  Jeney 

— InTentor. 
Spring  skeleton  regulator ;  will  go  without  winding-up 
tar  600  darys :  its  peculiar  norelty  consists  in  the  adapta- 
tion of  a  pendulum  making  but  one  complete  yibration  in 
■izteen  seconds,  with  detached  escapement ;  its  execution 
is  oonsidersd  to  be  superior,  horn  the  combination  of  its 
motiye  power. 

[The  direction  of  the  going  of  a  dock  without  winding 
depends  principaDjr  upon  the  increase  of  the  weight  em- 
ployed to  more  it.  By  the  introduction  of  several  wheels, 
and  the  employment  of  a  proportionate  power  in  the 
weight  or  springs,  the  orchnaiy  going  period  may  be 
greatty  prolonged;  ordinarily,  advantage  is  found  from 
the  less  occasional  necessity  for  winding  up. — B.  E.] 


9    DrPBft,  W.  H.,  Ckaring  Cross,  Jersey — Inventor. 

Defiance  wind  guard,  for  the  prevention  of  down- 
draught,  or  the  descent  ot  smoke  in  chimneys.  The  outer 
pipes  surrounding  the  stem  are  formed  in  a  spiral  direc- 
tion from  the  base  to  the  top. — Patented. 

Another  for  the  same  purpose,  adi^ted  for  any  situa- 
tion, whether  surrounded  by  nills,  or  tall  buildings. 

Boof  light  of  glass,  in  a  xinc  case ;  it  allows  ventilation 
and  light,  without  leakage. 


10        Lb  Fbutxs,  Philip,  8i.  Clement  Aeadennf-^ 

Inventor. 

Orreiy,  for  sdiool  use.  This  orrery  shows  the  moon*s 
motion  round  the  earth,  her  daily  vanations,  her  position 
el  the  time  of  new  and  full  moon ;  also,  the  cause  of 
eclipses,  and  whether  partial  or  total :  the  phases  of  the 
moon  are  indicated  by  cones  constructed  of  pasteboard 
•ttadied  to  the  earth  and  moon. 


11  Lb  Fbvtbb,  Mrs.  F.,  Edward  P/<mv— Producer. 
A  fire-screen,  worked  in  tapestry  by  the  exhibitor. 

12  WniTB,  Oeobob,  8i.  Mark  School,  Jersey^ 

Proprietor. 

Class  box  and  illustration  board,  to  exhibit  writing,  &c., 
to  a  class  in  a  school,  used  as  a  seat  and  box  for  books. 

Door  governor :  to  prevent  violent  shutting. 

Chimney-pots  or  ventilators ;  to  prevent  "  down- 
draught,"  1^  hills  or  buildings,  havine  the  ndvantagen 
of  an  open  chimney-pot  combinc<l  with  a  coverwl  one. 
"*  Down-draught"  caused  by  adjacent  obstructions  nia<Ie 
to  assist  the  upward  draft  by  confluence  with  it. — Regis- 
tered. 

niuminatod  clock :  to  show  the  hour  after  dark  by  light 
transmitted  from  a  central  chanibiT  to  tlie  interior  of  the 

Eointers,  which,  having  tmnspanuit  fronts,  show  luminous 
nes  on  the  darkened  dial ;  the  figures  are  also  lighted 
from  the  same  chamber. 

Pump  and  blower,  for  the  conveyance  of  water  or  air. 
The  general  arrangement  for  giving  motion  is  by  centri- 
fugal force. 


13  BBOniBB,  Henbt,  New  Street,  Jersey. — Proprietor. 
Specimens  of  Jersey  knitting,  by  an  old  lady ;  viz.- 

knitted  garment,  commonly  known  as  **  Q-uemsey  frock,** 
of  white  worsted.  Pair  of  drawers,  also  knitted,  of  coarse 
grey  worsted,  undycd. 

14  Db  Fatb,  Thomab,  Seale  Street,  Jersey, — 

Proprietor. 
Twelve  pairs  of  beautifully  knit  stockings.    Knitting 
peculiar  to  the  island}    fine  woollen  thread,  dyed  m 
difierent  colours. 

[The  female  peasantiy  of  Jersey  are  seldom  if  ever 
without  the  materials  necessary  for  this  occupation.  On 
the  way  to  or  from  market,  and  at  other  times,  knitting 
forms  their  almost  constant  employment ;  and  the  articles 
produced  have  a  peculiar  character,  which  renders  them 
readily  recognisable.] 

1 5  ViBBBT,  Susanna,  St.  Mary,  Jersey — Manufacturer. 
A  pair  of  knit  stockings,  the  work  of  the  exhibitor, 

aged  71  years ;  the  peculiar  manufacture  of  Jersey. 

16  Mabib,  Maby,  King  Street — Manufacturer. 
Bichly  knitted  silk  jacket,  in  blue  and  white  stripes, 

having  on  the  breast  the  Prince  of  Wales*  feather,  and 
under  it  the  words  "  Albert  Prince  de  GaUes.**  Knitted 
entirely  by  the  exhibitor,  who  is  a  shoebinder ;  it  contains 
upwards  of  one  million  stitches. 

17  80ABFB,  Gboboe,  Beresford  iS/ree^— Proprietor. 
Chaise  harness,  elegantly  fitted  with  silver  ornaments, 

and  elaborately  finished  and  embossed. 

18  Cabicalt,  John,  David  Place — Manufacturer. 

A  pair  of  scissors  and  a  knifo,  so  diminutive  in  sise 
that  tne  two  do  not  weigh  a  grain. 

19  JouHAUD,  Peteb,  Peter  Street — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Carriage-fi;un  :  takes  readily  to  pieces,  and  can  be  used 
as  a  rifle,  a  rowUng-pieco,  or  a  pistol ;  cannot  be  discharged 
by  accident,  havins  a  secret  sprins;    is  embossed  and 
inlaid  with  sold  and  silver.    Tlie  lock  is  of  a  peculiar  con 
struction ;  the  stock  is  finely  carved. 

20  Lb  Feutbb,  Oborob  Clement,  Edward  Place-- 

Manuiacturor. 
Chifibnni^re,  composed  of  oak,  a  portion  the  produce  of 
the  island  of  Jersey ;  the  inside  fittings  of  satin-wood ; 
the  panels  tapestry.  There  are  tliroo  compartments, 
cabinet,  secretaiy,  and  boudoir,  the  latter  containing  a 
nest  of  drawers.  The  ebony  and  satin-wood  fittings  are 
beautifully  finished.  The  panels  represent  the  emblems 
of  England,  Scotland,  and  Iri'land  in  tapestrv,  the  work 
of  the  exhibitor's  wife,  dividinl  by  carved  cofumns,  with 
figures  surmounted  by  wrought  friese.  The  bm'k  re- 
presents, in  carved  work,  King  John  signing  the  Magna 
Cliarta.  The  accompanying  Plato  94  represents  this 
sideboard. 

2 1  Stead,  Wiluam,  Hill  Street — Manufacturer. 

A  piece  of  furniture,  apphcable  as  a  eelleret  or  font ;  tlie 
bowl,  cut  out  of  solid  nialiofi^ny,  is  finely  caninl,  and 
supported  on  three  claw-feet ;  the  top  is  movabk*  by  ro|ies 
and  pulli*ys,  nmnin^  in  cinailar  boxes  forming  the  pillars 
or  supports  for  the  crown  by  which  it  is  surmounted, 
and  nxting  on  the  edge  of  tlie  bowl  on  thifo  worked 
Uons*  heads. 

22  CoLUB  William,  Belmoml  House,  St.  Helier, 

Jersey  —IVoduoer. 
Calotype  pictures    frum  lifo— **   French  and  Zenej 
Biarket  -women." 

[Preceding  notes,  in  Chuuios  of  the  United  Kingdom, 

have  explained  the  use  of  this  term  calotype— originaUy  a 

8Z2 


942 


JERSEY  AND  GUERNSEY. 


[COLOKIEB 


derivative  horn,  the  Ghreek.  It  is  now  generally  superseded 
by  that  of  Talbotype,  implying  the  name  of  the  inventor 
of  the  art  of  photography  on  paper.  The  peculiar  bril- 
liancy of  the  atmosphere  of  these  islands,  combined  with 
the  abundance  of  blue  light  reflected  firom  the  sea,  was 
found  by  the  writer  to  communicate  an  almost  instan- 
taneous impression  to  paper  or  plates. — B.  £.] 

23  Saxhidebs,  Geobge,  Bath  Street,  Jereey — ^Producer. 
A  model  in  paper,  representing  Her  Majesty  landing 

at  Victoria  Pier,  Jersey,  3rd  September,  1846. 

[The  Victoria  Pier  at  Jersey  is  only  just  approaching 
its  completion,  and  has  absorbed  a  large  amount  of  time 
and  money.  It  is  protected  by  Elizabeth  Castle  on  the 
northern  side,  and  covered  by  the  guns  of  the  fortress 
which  commands  the  town. — B.  E.] 

24  Smov,  Miss,  Elizabeth  P^ooe— Proprietor. 
Basket-work,  in  paper ;   an  heirloom  horn,  her  progeni- 
tor, Madame  Mauger,  in  1728. 

25  Clugas,  Thomas,  jun.,  8  L*Hyvreu9e  Terrace^ 

Onertuey — iSroprietor. 
Specimens  of  granite,  porphyry,  and  pot-stone,  firom  the 
islands  of  Ghiemsey,  Herm,  and  Sark : — 

1.  Porphyritic  gneiss,  firom  Pleinmont  Clifib. 

2.  Bed  porphyritic  gneiss,  from  the  same. 
8.  Black  hornblende,  from  les  Teilles. 

4.  Hornblende  schist,  from  Castel  au  Boo. 
6.  Bed  Syenite,  from  Boc  de  Ghiet. 

6.  Gbey  Syenite,  from  Mont  Ouet. 

7.  Blue  Syenite,  from  the  Vale  quarries. 

8.  Gbey  l^enite,  from  the  island  of  Herm. 

9.  Porphyry  (black),  from  the  island  of  Sark. 
10.  Steatite,  from  the  same  island. 

Carved  specimens. 

The  above  are  used  for  building  and  macadamizing. 
Herm  syenite  was  used  for  the  steps  of  the  Duke  of  York  s 
Column,  in  Waterloo-place. 

[The  rocks  of  Ghuemsey  are  principally  gneiss,  granite, 
and  syenite.  Quarries  of  syenite  exist  at  Ghrande  Boque ; 
but  this  syenite  is  not  considered  equal  to  that  of  Mount 
St.  Mado,  Lq  Jersey.  At  St.  Sampson*s  are  some  extensive 
quarries  of  granite,  which  are  worked  for  paving-stones ; 
and  of  these  considerable  quantities  are  sent  to  London 
and  Portsmouth.  Experiments  made  as  to  the  comparative 
durabihty  of  this  granite  and  other  granites,  give  a  result 
highly  &vourable  to  its  employment.  It  has  been  suc- 
oessfiilly  laid  down  in  the  heaviest  thoroughfare  in  the 
metropolis.  Quarries  formerly  existed  at  the  island  of 
Herm,  but  are  now  abandoned.  In  the  same  island,  and 
ia  Sark,  are  several  mines,  which  formerly  yielded  copper 
and  silver  in  considerable  quantities ;  but  these  are  now 
no  longer  worked. — B.  E.] 

26      Mabtin,  Peteb,  St.  Peter's  Port,  Ouemsey — 

Producer. 

Baw  silk,  the  produce  of  the  Island  of  Guernsey,  being 
the  first  sample  obtained  by  the  Guernsey  Silk  Growers' 
Company,  lately  established  in  the  island. 

AiTowroot  fecula,  obtained  from  the  Arum  maoulatumj 
a  plant  indigenous  to  Guernsey. 

[Experiments  have  been  repeatedly  made  in  England 
to  introduce  the  culture  of  the  silkworm.  The  late  Mrs. 
Whitby  was  very  successful  in  this  art,  and  laboured 
much  to  establish  it  in  this  country:  her  experiments 
show  that  the  mulberry  of  the  Philippine  variety,  Morus 
multicaulis,  is  best  adapted  for  their  food.  The  culture 
of  this  insect,  and  the  introduction  of  this  tree  into  the 
Channel  Islands,  would  very  probably  be  attended  with  a 
large  success  if  carefully  carried  out.     The  almost  total 


absence  of  frost  in  winter  is  sufficient  to  i 
mildness  of  the  climate. — ^B.  E.] 


thej 


27  ALLioiTD,  EiCAKUXL,  8t.  Peter's  Port^  GWraan 

Inventor. 
Model  of  a  machine  to  determine  the  distanoe  rai 
a  ship,  and  at  the  same  time  to  determine  the  ahqt't  { 
on  the  chart.         

28  Habbis,  Pbteb  Gbobos — ^InTentor. 

A  corking  machine :  improived  appliGation  of  the  1 
in  driving  the  cork  through  a  cone,  the  bottle  b 
secured  by  another  lever  at  the  foot. 

29  MacDovald,  Sophia*   WoodUmd — ^Inventor, 

Designer,  and  Mannftrturer. 
Tulle  dress,  embroidered  with  gromM  of  floH 
flowers,  copied  from  natural  flowers.    Tlie  norcity  < 
sists  in  the  firmness  given  to  the  flo«  silk  fSowers  oi 
slight  a  texture  as  tulk. 

30  BoBBXB,  Habbdet,  De  Beamwmr  —  Dengner 

Inventor. 
Table-top,  ornamented  with  aheDs  found  in  the  lalm 
Herm. ' 

Group  of  poultiy  made  of  shellfl. 

[On  the  western  and  northern  shores  of  the  islaiH 
Herm  there  exist  interesting  sheU-beaches,  which  aflbi 
rich  study  to  the  oonchologist.  It  is  remarkable  that 
this  small  island,  of  the  entire  group,  is  tids  ooOm&m 
shells  chiefiy  found.  They  are  principally  of  m  ]in» 
and  often  idmost  microscofno  sise;  but  their  nnml 
are  inconceivable. — B.  E.] 

31  HxTTCHnrsoN,  Elizabeth,  Qiteem^s  Jtoad—Jkm^ 

Inventor,  and  Manu&otarer. 
Vases,  with  shell  fiowers. 
Octagon  table  slabs  in  rosewood 
wreaths  of  shell  fiowers. 


32  Sabohbt,  JoHir,  Victoria  Road — ^luTcntor. 
Model  of  a  machine  for  welding  (diain  cable  and  o4 

links,  the   first   invented;    saving    labour,  and  of 
portance  for  ship  cables. 

33  Abkold,  Adolphus,  11  Commercial  Areaie^ 

Ghtemse^ — Manufiusturer. 

Specimens  illustrating  the  manu£scture  of  iodine  i 
iodide  of  potassium. 

Specimens  of  the  fuci  and  algse  which  grow  abandsi 
on  the  north  and  west  coasts  of  the  ialand  of  Guenisc^ 

Fused  mass,  consisting  of  the  aahes  of  these  mai 
plants,  and  containing  salts  of  soda,  potaib,  lime,  i 
magnesia.  The  quantity  of  iodine  in  tliia  matririil  bi 
ing  a  direct  ratio  to  the  quantity  of  potash  eontai] 
therein,  it  is  presumed  to  exist  as  iodide  of  potasDom. 

Iodine  in  the  rough  state,  as  prodooea  in  the  I 
receiver  connected  with  the  distiflatoiT  apparatos,  i 
containing  bromine  and  chlorine  in  small  proportiona. 

Commercial  iodine,  prepared  by  steam  distiUatioD,  pi 
dry,  of  brilliant  metallic  appearance,  andfrve  frtmi  brosu 
Used  in  medicine  and  the  arts  for  dyeing. 

Crystals  of  iodide  of  potassium,  prepared  from  the  | 
ceding. 

Besiduary  product,  consisting  of  the  ashes  of  the  i 
and  algiB,  after  the  iodine  has  been  extracted,  and  e 
taining  the  salts  of  potash,  soda,  lime,  and  magne 
as  chlorides  and  sulphates.    Used  as  a  manore  bj 
farmers. 

[The  collection  of  the  fuci  and  a]g»  which  abound  in 
northern,  western,  and  south-western  shores  of  Gnenu 
is  considered  of  great  importance  by  the  island  agrie 
turist.    The  '*  vraic  *'  is  gathered  at  spring  tides,  i 
the  event  is  one  of  peculiar  interest,  in  consequence  of 


Dkfkkdkhcibs.  ] 


JERSEY  AND  GUERNSEY.— MALTA. 


943 


cnmdM  of  people  emplojed  in  cutting,  carting,  and  remoT- 
ing  the  marine  plants.  Vraic  is  distingniBhed  into  the  cut 
and  the  floating  sorts ;  the  former  is  most  highly  yalued, 
and  the  gathering  of  them  is  protected  hy  law.  Between 
25,000  and  80,000  cart-loads  are  collected  on  the  shores 
jearij.  The  predpitons  southern  coast  does  not  present 
a  fiiTOiirable  site  for  the  growth  or  collection  of  these 
fdants.  In  summer-time  the  fields  are  often  coTered 
with  beds  of  sea-weed  spread  out  to  dry  :  it  is  afterwards 
used  as  a  fuel  in  winter,  and  the  ashes,  carefully  collected, 
are  scM  for  manure,  and  are  considered  so  essential  to 
the  soil,  that  it  is  a  prorerbial  expression,  **  if  there 
be  no  rraic,  there  will  be  no  com."  The  fused  mass  of 
ashes  contains  various  salts,  and  appears  particularly  rich 
in  iodine. — B.  E.] 

34  Goruo,  Thomas — Manufacturer. 

Salts,  similar  to  those  commonly  called  ''Epsom," 
produced  finom  salt  or  chloride  of  sodium. 

[Epsom  salts  consist  chemically  of  a  sulphate  of  mag- 
neaiA.  The  preparation  exhibited  appears  to  be  sulphate 
of  soda  in  a  crystalline  form,  since  it  is  obtained  by  the 
decomposition  of  choride  of  sodium. — ^B.  E.] 


35    DoBBSX,  D.,  FareH  Beetcfy^  Ghiem$e%f, — Proprietor. 

Original  Gkiemsey  firock,  of  Guernsey  home  knitting,  in 
eonstant  use  among  labourers  and  fishermen ;  worn  over 
the  shirt. 

Frock  of  Gkiemsey  wool  and  Gkiemsey  home  knitting, 
used  instead  of  flanneL 

Drawers,  men's  and  women's  stockings,  nightcaps, 
l^ores,  fishermen  and  labourers'  cravats,  and  sUppers  of 
Onemsey  home  knitting. 


36  Li  Bjib,  N.,  8t,  Petef't  Forty  OMenuey — Proprietor. 
Ouemsey  &rm  saddle :  local  name  of  material  **  han," 
in  constant  use  on  ewetj  &rm  for  riding,  and  for  carrying 
bags  and  panniers.  Mat  and  footstool  of  '*han,"  in 
common  use.  Bullock's  and  horse's  collar  of  "  han." 
Coil  of  "  han"  rope,  used  by  fishermen :  this  does  not 
harden  in  the  nJt  water.  Shackles  of  "han,"  used  for 
cattle ;  these  do  not  cut  the  feet.  **  Han," — a  hank  of 
the  raw  material,  common  in  Gkiemsey ;  it  grows  in  the 


["BCan,"  or,  in  botanical  language,  Cyperut  Umgut^  is 
iployed  by  the  peasantry  of  Guernsey  for  a  variety  of 
purposes,  for  which  hemp  is  elsewhere  used.  The  fibre 
has  a  certain  degree  of  tenacity,  and  is  twisted  and  formed 
into  ropes,  mats,  &c.  Cattle  are  constantly  tethered  by 
%  rope  of  this  materiaL — B.  E.] 


37    DoBBT,  D.,   8t.  Mary  de  CasirOf   Ouenuey — 

Proprietor. 

Gkumsey  osier  crab-pot ;  to  be  sunk  in  deep  water, 
batted  inside,  to  catch  lobsters,  conger,  &c.  Osier  fish- 
basket.  Lai^  osier  bait-pot,  intended  for  a  few  days' 
consumption,  left  at  sea  to  keep  the  bait  alive.  Small 
bait-pot,  for  one  day's  use,  towea  after  the  boat. 

[The  fishery  around  both  Guernsey  and  Jeney  is  ex- 
cellent, and  the  markets  are  well  supplied.  The  conger 
eel  is  cau^it  of  a  very  large  sixe,  and  is  much  employed 
in  the  domestic  cookery  of  the  islands.  At  Jersey  an 
important  oyster-fishery  exists,  from  which  large  quan- 
tities of  oysters  are  sent  to  Southampton  and  to  other 
plaoea.— B.  E.] 


39      Gkx)D]iii>OB,  J.,  jun.  (of  the  **  Channel  Islands 
Express    steamer) — Inventor. 
Model  of  a  life-boat. 


38        Gkiemsey  home-knitting  work  by  cottager*. 


40  Valpy,  Mrs.,  King  Street,  St.  Helier,  Jersey— 

Producer. 
Specimens  of  oonchology  of  Jersey,  collected,  classified 
prepared,  and  arranjped  by  the  exhibitor  during  a  twenty- 
two  years  residence  m  Jersey. 

[One  of  the  most  interesting  members  of  this  concho- 
logical  series  is  the  Aumer,  or  Oreille  de  mer,  a  shell-fish 
which  is  collected  abundantly  at  certain  seasons.  It  is 
used  in  a  variety  of  ways  for  food,  and  the  shell  is  pre- 
served, and  exported  to  England ;  it  is  valued  for  its 
pearly  iridescence,  and  is  largely  used  at  Birmingham  by 
the  makers  of  inlaid  papier  madi^ — B.  E.] 

Leather  frame.    Large  knitted  quilt. 

41  Bbbtbaxs,  Mrs.,  St.  ffelier,  Jersey — Manufacturer. 
Pair  of  socks,  knit  without  glasses  by  the  exhibitor, 

aged  ninety-three. 

42  Mabqvabd,  p.,  Blacksmith,  North  Pier — 

Inventor  and  Producer. 
Model  of  a  patent  truss  for  the  yards  of  ships,  of  Muuts 
metaL  

43  Pope,  Mrs.,  Balket  Place,  St.  HeUer,  Jersey^ 

Manufacturer. 

Various  descriptions  of  confoctionery  in  sugar,  manu- 
foctured  by  exhibitor. 


44 


Ellis,  Miss — Proprietor. 


Specimens  of  fine  workmanship  in  leather, 
pier-glass  frame  and  stand,  with  brackets. 

45  ,       Drake,  Francib— Inventor. 
Model  of  collapsing  life-boat.  . 

46  Baitdell,  Biiss,  Ch^emeey — ^Producer. 
Two  mats  worked  in  wooL 


shown  in  a 


47  liBTArBEL,  J.  H. — Producer. 
Acts  of  the  Martyrs,  in  French. 

48  Manuel,  H.  L.,  J^rwy— Producer. 
Two  pairs  of  Newfoundland  fishing  boots. 

49  Stafford,  Mrs.  B.  A.,  Ofti«iM«y— Producer. 
Stand  of  wax  fruit. 


MEDITERRANEAN. 


MALTA. 

North  Areas,  L  J.  32. 

(Commienoner,  C.  J.  GnrOELL,  Esq.,  of  VaMla,  and 
66  ComMU,  Lomhn.) 

From  Malta  has  been  forwarded,  by  about  thirty-four 
exhibitors,  a  collection  of  interesting  objects  represen- 
tative of  its  local  manufactures.  The  only  specimens 
of  raw  material  sent  are  some  pieces  of  Maltese  stone, 
oiled  for  pavement,  and  in  their  natural  sUte,  and 
some  specimens  of  cotton  and  silk  of  native  producti<jn. 
In  addition  to  these  are  a  few  samples  of  seeds  and 
wheat.    The  naukecn  cotton  cloth  ol  Malta  has  been 


944 


MALTA. 


[Colonies  a 


sent  by  several  exhibitors.  Some  elaborate  specimens 
of  embroidery  are  also  among  these  articles.  A  very 
attractive  collection  is  that  of  the  jewellery  and  other 
articles  in  gold  and  silver  filigree.  The  chaste  and 
delicate  appearance  of  these  objects  is  extremely 
pleasing.  A  prominent  part  in  the  collection  is  formed 
by  the  stone  vases,  some  of  which  exhibit  skilful  exe- 
cution and  tasteful  design.  The  figures  in  wax  will 
likewise  attract  notice.  These  articles  are  placed  next 
to  those  of  India,  on  the  North  side  of  the  Western 
Nave. 


I        ToNNA,  Joseph,  Strada  Form,  VcMetta — 

Manufacturer. 
Double-bass  fiddle,  made  of  bird*B-eye  maple. 


2     BoNAViA,  Ckobato,  Casal  Naxaro — Producer. 
Specimens  of  cotton  Bail-cloths  of  four,  five,  six,  and 
seven  threads  of  different  lengths. 
Specimens  of  chequered  cotton  cloth  for  carpeting. 


3  ScHEXBBi,  Q.,  Valletta — Manufacturer. 

Ck>tton  tissues : — 

Pieces  of  natural  Malta  nankeen,  white,  narrow,  and 
wide  squares.  Piece  of  light  colour,  and  damasked 
square. 

4  Pttlib,  G,  Montebbllo. 

Cotton  fiibrics :  —  Piece  of  natural  nankeen,  plain. 
Piece  of  nankeen,  striped  with  Malta  raw  silk.  Piece  of 
superfine  plain  nankeen. 

Sample  of  common  Maltese  cotton.  Common  Maltese 
nankeen  cotton.  Indian  nankeen  cotton.  Sea-island 
cotton.    Mastodon  American  cotton. 

Sample  of  cummin  seed.    Aniseed.    Sesame  seed. 

Sample  of  Maltese  hard  wheat  (called  Tomnia).  Soft 
wheat. 

Samples  of  cotton  thread,  firom  four  kinds  of  cotton. 
Cotton  thread,  firom  common  Maltese  cotton.  Maltese 
cotton. 

Sample  of  Maltese  silk  and  cocoons. 

[After  prolonged  and  patient  labour  the  soil  of  Malta 
has  been  made  to  yield  its  fruits  to  the  husbandman,  and 
abundant  crops  are  obtained.  Among  these  cotton  forms 
the  most  important.  About  four  milUon  pounds  of  this 
fibre  are  exported  yearly. — R.  E.] 


5      Villa,  Fhatklli,  Sirada  Mercanti^  Valletta 

— Manufacturer. 
Cotton  fabrics : — 

White  and  red  cotton  blankets ;  figured  counterpanes. 
An  assortment  of  straw  hats. 


6  Fenbch,  Vincenzo,  JFTonaikj— Producer. 
Specimen  of  Maltese  bookbinding,  two  volumes. 
Collection  of  ancient  and  modem  costumes  of  Malta. 


7  Obavaona,  Mabia,  Valletta— Frodaccr, 

Several  pieces  of  broad  lace. 


8      Naupi,  Signora  Robina,  Valletta— Producer. 

Velvet  bags  embroidered ;  plain  embroidered  muslin 
dress  ;  plain  embroidered  baby's  dress. 

Toilet  cover  (lace,  Greek  style)  ;  embroidered  hand- 
kerchief ;  various  specimens  of  lace. 

Various  pairs  of  mittens. 


9     Enbiquez,  Signora  Mabia,  ra//e«a— Producer. 
Variety  of  black  silk  mittens. 
Habit  shirts,  plain  embroidered. 


10        SoHBMBBi,  Aktokli,  Valletta — Pkt>diioer. 

Specimens  of  lace  with  gold  thread. 
Collars.    Two  lace  oolkuv. 


11  Gozo,  Salto  del — ^Producer. 

Specimens  of  black  silk  lace. 


12  Cash  A,  Costaitza,  Valletta — Producer. 

Piece  of  lace  of  Greek  pattern. 


13        PoLiTO,  CAKOiaoo,  VUtorioea — Producer. 
Specimen  of  lace  (Gh'^eek  pattern). 


14  Caxillebi,  E.,  Valletta — Produoer. 

Specimen  of  broad  lace,  with  pieces  for  aleeves  Cm 
clerical  drees.    Various  spedmens  of  laoe. 


15       Vella,  Paolo,  &  Co.,  Valletta — Producer. 

Specimen  of  lace. 


16     Camillebi,  Fobtukata, 
Specimen  of  laoe. 


17        Gbech,  GirsEPPnrA,  Valletta — ^Produoer. 
Baby^s  plain  embroidered  muslin  dren. 


18      Lagbebtiz,  Signora  Eleka  Nvzxo,  Valletta 

Produoer. 

Sample  of  embroidery  with  silks :  top  of  a  prnffwihifif 


19  Fenech,  Antokia — ^Produoo*. 

Paper  envelopes,  embroidered  with  silka  and  gold. 


20         AzzoPABDi,  Joseph  Moobb — Produoer. 
Pair  of  mittens,  with  beads. 


21  DncECH,  Mrs. — ^Producer. 

Various  specimens  of  long  and  short  mittcos.  Lo 
mittens  with  beads. 

Sample  of  laoe.  A  breadth  of  black  tuDe,  embroiden 
Black  lace.  Flounce  and  breadth  of  broad  laoe.  Nun 
rous  specimens  of  lace.     CoUar  and  two  cuffs. 

Maltese  nankeen  drees,  embroidered  with  wooL  IfaHi 
nankeen  girl's  dress,  embroidered  with  silk.  Two  piA 
of  Maltese  nankeen. 


22    The  Consebvatobio  of  San  Gitseppb — ^Prodnot 
Knitted  collars  \  knitted  fronts  of  habit  ahirta. 
Specimens  of  Imitted  broad  and  narrow  laoe ;  kniti 

caps ;  knitted  thread  stockings. 


23     PoBTELLi,  ANTOiao,  Strada  StreUa^  ValleUa-^ 

VrodiMo&t, 
Silver  filigree  reticule. 


24 


Cbitedt,  E.,  Strada  Form,  VaUetttk—- 
Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  gold  filigree  work : — Bracelets;  roae-dia 
bracelets.  Knot  brooches.  Double  pin  for  hair.  Boc 
chains.    Flat  and  rose  rings,  &c. 

Articles  in  silver  filigree: — Basin.  Oval  platee,  wt 
flowers.  Bound  plates.  Card  cases.  Candlesticks.  Tc 
spoons.  Cups.  Wreath  for  the  head.  Bcttd  bracdn 
Large  double  pin.  Small  double  pina.  An  arrow  fsx  t 
hair.  Bouquet-holder  brooches.  Stars  to  suspend.  Ku 
tie,  and  shawl  brooches.    Bose-ohain,  Ac. 


DBrasDiKcm.] 


Oold  artioles : — QoM  nwe-ohain  for  waiatcoat.  Broad 
Bat  ring*. 

[The  peculiar  art  of  the  flIigre»-worker,  origiimting  in 
Ital;,  is  carried  on  with  Rac««  at  Valletta,  one  of  tbo 
principal  t«wiu  ID  Halt*.    Thedelicacjofthis  deeeripti 
of  wo^  and  the  beanlj  of  the  article*  produced  hare  long 
rt-ntfercd  it  Taluabte  among  the  admirert  of  jewellei^.] 

25  Fiuos,  B.,  Slrmla  M»aU,  VallMa— 

Hanufactumr. 

Artidea  in  gold:— HaIlaero*e-c)uiin.  Braeeleta:  with 
•cakei  canteo;  ooral;  oriental  oameo,  &o.  Broochc* : 
with  bunch  of  flowers  ;  in  the  form  of  a  knot ;  and  with 
■  nxe  and  flower*.  Cbwn :  imitatian  of  Teniae  work, 
l^rge-aiaed  pin*.  Braoelet,  laoe  pattern.  Fair  of  haii^ 
pin*.  Tariou*  pins :  with  coral )  moaaio  work  i  cameo, 
Ac  Shirt-*tnd*.  Chain  ring*.  BoieMjliain  ring*.  SnuJl 
rose-chain  neoklaecs  ^■ 

Ornaments  in  ailTsr : — Filigree  flower-stand*.  Flower 
ornament*  for  the  hair.  Uau^pins.  Plate*,  and  small 
cnpa.  Bead  brrKelela  )  rose  bracelet*  ;  and  braodet*  of 
Oothic  pattern ;  rose-chain  biaoelela.  Breast-pins,  and 
cliatcUines.  Arrow*  for  the  hair.  ^*^V^  ■»*'  stiiall 
Bower*.  Bbawl-pitu  and  mnonshion*.  ^ns  for  neck- 
laoe*,  ia.  lioaejAtiig,  ana  card  oaaaa.  Bead  buttons, 
vaiions  aiies.  Butterfly  of  sold  and  tilTer.  Fins  in  the 
t<mn  of  a  oomnooiua.    SmsU  pin*. 


2Q 


Inlaid  marble  table-top,  with  the  Bojal  armi,  4  feet 
loDs,  3  feet  broad. 

^laid  marble  table-top,  with  fiuicy  scroll,  Ao.,  in  the 
ecDtni,  S  bet  square. 

Inlud  marble  table-top,  with  Etnuean  rase  in  the  Den- 
Ire^  2  leet  6  inches  in  diametOT. 


Pieoea  of  Malta  stone,  oiled  and  prepared  for  pavement. 
Drip-stone  of  Malta  stone.  Spedmens  of  Malta  and  Ooio 
(tone,  and  stalactite. 

Vase,  with  pedestal  of  red  Goxo  marble.  Wax  and 
elothflguiw. 

[Malta  and  Qoio  consist  of  atntifled  depoaite,  ohieflj 
or  Hitiralf  of  the  middle  part  of  the  tcrtiaij  pMiod.  Thej 
include,  in  descending  ordo^ — 1.  A  oonl  limestone,  con- 
taining cretaooous  nodules,  some  of  which  ar*  Tariegated 
with  jrellow  and  white,  and  used  for  ornamental  work, 
under  the  name  of  Ooso  marble.  S.  A  sandstone  and 
btne  cUj,  from  100  to  ISO  feet  thioli,  containing  iron, 
gypsum,  and  sulphur.  8.  Five  beds  of  freestone,  about 
100  bet  thick  in  all,  and  chieflj  colcanous,  though  with 
much  sandy  admixture :  these  are  much  used  for  building 
purposes,  not  only  in  Malta  and  Qoio,  but  in  all  part*  of 
the  Mediterranean,  the  lowest  bed  being  the  moat  arailable, 
on  account  of  tbo  lacihtj  with  which  it  i*  worked.  4.  A 
jellowish-wbite  eemi-cijatalline  limestone^  of  Tciy  con- 
aidenUe  but  onasceitained  thickn***,  exposed  to  the 
extent  of  400  feet  on  the  coast  of  Ooio,  and  much  used 
for  building  porpOMs  where  hardness  is  required.  Some 
of  the  Talley*  of  Malta  and  Ooao  are  pietureaque  and 
fertile  wlwre  the  blue  elay  (S)  aUowa  the  water  to  bo  to- 
tained,  and  that  originate*  apring*. — B.  T.  A.] 


27 


Dsoiuai,  F.  FiOLO,  atrada  Sm  gfee—j. 


Laige  rues,  G  feet  2  inches  in  height,  and  8  feet  10 
inohes  in  breadth.  One  of  tbeae  raaes  is  reptescnlod  in 
Utea^ioiningoutumn.     (Fig.  1.) 

Bm^  jug^  Ifoot  eincbes  in  height, and  1  fool  2inchca 


>jM§mmm^. 


in  breadth.  One  of  these  jugs  is  shown  in  the  engrsTing, 
Fi«.  2,  p.  846. 

Very  large  jugs,  with  pi-dcstalii,  7  feet   in  ht'i);ht,  nnd 
1  foot  11  inclif*  in  diautt'ler.     Tlio  aoMimiunvitig  Plato, 

66,  represents  one  of  llicM' jugs.     Anolliur  it  n'pniii.'iiltKi 
in  the  engraving  in  tliu  ii<-it  )>a^<.      {Fig.  3.) 


a      DiiuoB,  JsauiVAUD,  Strada  Ttatro,  VaUtlla 

Specimens  of  stone  earring*  : — 

Caodulabrum,  6  leet  in  height,  and  2  fi-et  8  inches  in 
breadth. 

Idvge  *a«e,  4  leet  in  height,  and  8  feet  t>  inchra  ip 
breadth. 


Specimens  of  it 
vase  with  hand 


...  earring! ; — 
handles :  aiio  1  foot  8  inohea  high,  and  2  feet 
10  inches  broad. 

Jug  with  Tinc-lcBTcs  ornament :  iiie  2  feet  3  inches  in 
height,  1  foot  8  inchva  wide.  Oval  voac,  1  fuot  4  ioclitH  in 
wiiUb.    Small  baskit. 


30        TseiA,  Saltatoke,  Strada  San  OiotiaaHi, 
VaUttla— Career. 
VB»e,  omamraited  with  satyrs  and  ftowen  !  liie  4  feet  8 
inches  in  height,  and  2  feet  9  inches  in  breadth.    Thi» 


31      BuTTiG-iEO,  MiCHBLB,  Bifchircora — Producer. 
Specimeni  of  msnu&ctures  in  straw  : — 
Straw  mats,  hats,  aad  caps.    Samples  of  straw  plaits. 


Straw  mats,  hats,  aad  caps.    Samples  of  straw  plaits. 
Waterproof  hats  :  two  pUable  otl-skiii  hats ;  two  strong 


^2     GEEiBA,  Amtowo,  &  Dauohtbes,  Strada  Xtreaaii 
Valletta — Producer. 
Biuret  of  artificial  flowers,  with  shells. 

33  Tebta,  FobtUNato,  Strada  Santa  Lucia, 

Va  Uetta — Carrer. 

Tase  of  antique  form,  ornamented  with  satyrs,  a  wreatli 
of  flowers,  and  Tine-leavee  ;  size  5  feet  4  inches  in  height 
and  2  feet  i  inches  in  breadth. 

Tose  of  antique  form,  oraampnted  with  vine-leavee:  aoi. 
4  feet  in  height,  and  1  foot  9  inches  in  breadth. 

Common  vase,  1  foot  G  inches  in  height,  and  1  fool 
4  inches  in  breadth. 

34  Thb  Cabokico  Polito,  VUtoriota — Manufacturers 
Figures  in  wai,  representing — 
The  grand  master  Valletta, 
The  ^rand  master  Loniadari. 
A  kiught  of  the  order  of  Malta. 
The  grand  master  in  warlike  costume. 
The  Sacionr. 


GIBRALTAB.— roSIAN  ISLANDS. 


GIBRALTAR. 
1    Oeabsitt,  PnoKB,  Oibraltar  before  the  E. 
Prodiiwr, 
Bum  strops,  with  lundlBa  of  rock  ttotu*. 


IONIAN  ISLANDS. 
HOBTB  Abu,  I.  J.  30. 
Owma  to  some  miBappTehenrion,  the  Itmiuia  were 
without  knowledge  of  the  objects  and  purporta  of  the 
Exhibition  of  1851,  natil  very  recently.  Unwilling, 
however,  th&t  the  name  of  the  loniftn  Ulands  ihould 
alone  be  wantine  in  the  list  of  nitionB  on  this  great 
occasion,  the  Executive  Committee  appealed  to  an 
Ionian  gentleman,  who  has  been  induced  to  collect 
together,  by  the  kind  contribAtion  of  certain  noble  and 
eminent  iudividuals,  who  have  served  Her  Majesty  in 
those  tsUuds,  such  articles  in  their  poaaeaaion  as  might 
serve  as  Bpecimena,  to  a  very  trifling  eitent,  of  the 
prodncls,  sVill,  and  industry  of  the  lonians.  These 
products  are  principally  articles  belonging  to  the 
claaaea  of  textile  and  ornamental  manufactures.  The 
specimens  of  embroidery  exhibited  are  extremely  rioh 
and  beantifnl,  and  form  a  characteristic  contribution 
to  this  collection.  The  filigree  work  is  also  exceed- 
ingly delicate,  and  illustrates  a  department  of  skill  in 
the  working  of  precious  metals  which  bas  no  repre- 
sentative in  our  own  country.  The  brtmchea  and 
medallions  exhibit  some  of  the  favourite  devices  of  the 
Ionian  artists.— R.  E.] 

1      WoosvOBD,  I^j,  21  8<mer*tt  Strttt,  Forimtm 
Bquart,  Ijndom — Produocr. 

A  Oreek  drasi,  made  in  Cor&. 

A  pair  of  silTer  bnodet^  made  in  Corfii ;  the  one  with 
the  motto  "stirrn  aaoaon  *1A1an."  "Hj  praanira 
is  that  of  ftiendihip  without  guile;"  the  other,  "'O 
*EPnN  AFAaHM."  "  He  who  feels  alliMticni"  (oflers  it  to 
you). 

A  siiTBT  brooch  of  elegant  pierced  work,  formed  by  a 
gariand  of  gnpea  and  vine-lotTes,  nuTDunding  the 
emblem  of  the  Seven  Islands. 

A  bmoob  in  wItbt  Hligree-wott,  with  the  head  of  Cor- 
cym  on  the  one  side,  for  Corfu  ;  the  winged  horse  of  Bel- 
'"TDphoD  on  the  rerene,  for  Zante. 

A  Greek  cap,  made  at  Lefchimo,  a  village  of  CorAi. 

Hemorial  clasp  in  gold,  made  at  Corfb,  and  of  remark- 
able workmaoship ;  the  gold  Sligree  bmng  placed  on  a 
plate  of  polished  gold,  which  reflects  it  as  from  a  mirror. 

HiTSOuni,  Madame — Froduoer. 
A  gold  bracelet,  made  at  Coriii,  of  Bligree-work,  sur- 
TouniUng  the  emblem  of  the  iilands. 
Two  ulk  handkerchiefs,  of  Bne  Ikbno,  of  Zante  manu- 

An  apron  of  mtulin,  made  in  Corfu,  with  a  border 
woiled  on  linen  with  the  needle ;  somewhat  similar  to 
Dresden-work,  but  of  larger  stitcli,  on  a  verr  elegant  and 
cUtsicsl  pattran,  of  grapes,  vine-leaves,  and  butterflies. 

An  apron  of  crochet-work,  remailable  for  tha  beauty 
of  the  pattern  and  execution,  and  showing  that  what  has 
but  recently  appeared  in  EngUnd  a*  an  aceomplishmi-nl, 
baa  been  for  ages  the  common  needlework  of  the  Ionian 
peasant-girls.  The  border  is  of  deep  Ihwlen-work  of 
maguifloent  effert,  with  emblematic^  designs  of  lions, 
Cupids,  flowers,  Ac. 

[These  aprons  ute  the  ordinary  work  and  ercry-day 
wear  of  the  peasant-giris  of  Corfo.  The  dress  of  this 
Oredl  peasant-women,  in  gennal,  being  of  an  eitrsor- 
dinary  richness,  so  that  a  peasant-bride's  dresa  is  ofb-n 
htr  dowry,  being  not  unfieqneotly  worth  400  or  500 
dtdlars.] 


IONIAN  ISLANDS. 


3  Matboiuwt,—,  Producer. 
Sunploe  of  Ceptutlonum  ourranU. 
The  island  of  CephJonia,  though  not  so  rich  in 

rants  B»  Zanto,  nererthelesa  supplies  a  great  part  of  tlie 
quanti^  consumed  in  Qrvat  Britain, 
Olivc-oil,  the  growth  of  Corfu. 

4  FiTzaoT,  Lord  CsASLBe,  3  Orotvenor  Square, 

Lomdou — Producer. 
Three  Zonte  silk  scarfs. 
A  Zante  handkercluef. 


5  SEiTOH,  Load,  tor  the  iKHiBiTAKis  of  ms  Ioniak 
IsLAHiM — producer. 

Specimen  of  Cephalonian  stone. 

SUTer  seal,  on  vhich  is  engiaved  a  ahip  without  a 
rudder,  the  arms  of  Corfti. . 

Silrar  bracelets  of  Tariout  forms,  *ome  of  them  oom- 
bining  the  seren  medallions  of  the  seren  islands )  a 
&Tonrite  derice  of  Ionian  jeweUerr.  Othen,  tuiting  in 
fonciM  form,  dencw  of  &oat«d  and  polished  silver. 

Silver  brooches. 

Specimens  of  olive-wood :  one  of  them  an  olive-wood 
oup,  cut  out  by  a  Qreek  peasant  with  a  penknife. 

opecinums  of  samplers,  worked  bv  Greek  girls,  iwcfa  oon- 
taimog  a  Soriptunl  sentence,  contauuxl  within  a  border  of 
flowers  of  exquisite  colour  and  arrangement, 

A  book-weight,  made  of  a  peowiar  stone  found 
Cephalonia. 

Zante  scarb,  nude  of  silk  nvwn  and  djed  in  tbo 
island  i  the  patt«nu  of  the  old  Venetian  taste. 

I^rge  and  small  pieces  of  raw  silk  of  a  veir  Buperior 
quality,  OS  collocted  and  spun  by  young  ladies  ■-  "-- 

embroidi 
Maura  [the  ancient  Lencadia]. 

Cambric  handkerchief^  of  Cephalonian  mannfiM;ture, 
embroidered  with  gold,  firam  Santa  Maura. 

Bags  and  pocket-books  embroidemd  in  gold. 

Gold  bracelet,  made  after  the  pattern  <^an  antique  one 
found  in  a  tomb. 

Silver-gilt  braoelet,  of  the  same  fashion. 

Large  brooch  of  silver,  of  fine  workmanship  and  deeign, 
combining  in  the  centre  the  lion  and  crown  of  England, 
as  a  large  medallion,  with  seven  medallions  of  the  seven 
islands  depending  from  it.  The  centre  medallion  repre- 
sents the  arms  and  emblem  of  the  island  of  Corfu — "  Xhe 
flower  of  the  Sea"  — a  female  figure,  supposed  to  be  Corcyra, 
the  daughter  of  Asopus,  who  was  carried  off  by  Neptune  to 
the  islands,  seated  upon  a  rock,  holding  in  the  hand  of  her 
eitended  right-arm  an  ohve-branch.  On  the  one  aide  of 
her  is  a  cornucopia,  denoting  the  fertility  of  the  island  g 
and  the  other,  an  ancient  galley,  emblematic  of  the  com- 
mercial spirit  and  wealth  of  its  inhabitants.  This  ship, 
which  ii  rudderless,  sometimes  stands  alone  as  the  arms 
of  the  island,  and  has  been  also  supposed  to  take  its 
origin  in  the  ship  of  Uljsses,  which  was  bbled  to  have 
been  transformed  into  a  rock,  somewhat  of  the  flgure  of  an 
ancient  vessel,  which  now  stands  at  the  entrance  of  ibe 
harbour.  The  letters  Kif  are  the  abbreviation  of  Ki^si^ 
the  ancient  Corcyra. 

The  medallion,  on  the  right,  is  marked  by  a  tripod  for 
Zante,  and  the  letters  Zu,  the  abbreviation  of  Zaivr^. 


llie  ncit  to  this,  on  the  right,  is  the  nuiH»lK«ii  of  Sui 
Maura.  The  harp  upon  it  symboliiei  it*  bme,  as  t 
death-pla(»  of  Sappho  g  the  letters  x»  bciiig  the  abb 
viation  of  its  ancient  name  Xi**^*,  Leocadia.  Anotk 
emblem  of  this  island  is  Bdlerophon,  on  a  winded  hen 
attacking  the  Chim»ra,  which  it  derive*  from  lis  Oori 
thion  colonisation. 

The  last  on  this  side  is  Ithaea,  maibd  with  the  lu«] 
Its  king  Ulysses  g  the  letters  Mi  bong  the  abbreviatiai 
I/axa,  Ithaca, 

On  the  right  of  the  Corfu  medallion  is  tlwt  at  Ceflb 
Ionia,  the  next  island  in  maonitod^  luija— rted  I 
Cephalus,  the  son  of  Memny  and  Creosa,  wbo,  irtoi  eo 
demned  by  the  court  of  Aieopuns  to  perpetual  exile  f 
having  unwittingly  killed  his  wife  Pnxria,  came  to  d«< 
upon  this  island.  He  is  mprcaanted  as  reposiiic  aft<r  tl 
chase,  a  dart  in  his  band,  and  his  dog  at  bia  bet.  Tl 
letters  Kif  are  the  abbreviation  of  EifnAAaw,  Ctphaloni 
■'  ■  designation  of  the  is'     ' 


Cerigo  comes  next.  The  letten  Kit  dsDOto  Es<«y,  11 
ncient  Cythera,  nmresented  on  Ibe  medallion  by  vniu 
>  whom  the  island  was  saoied,  and  who  was  mled  he 


bad   her  birthrate  i 
goddess  is  standing  on  her  shell,  drying  her  hair  wH 
the  one  hand,  and  holding  in  the  other   the   Gupa 

Paxo,  the  smallest  of  the  tdanda,  eomsa  last.  I 
sacredness  to  Veptune  is  denoted  by  his  trident.  Tl 
letters  na  are  the  abbreviation  of  n>{>,  Paio.  Th 
island  is  also  represented  by  the  hdm,  or  nidder,  of 
ship  within  an  olive  ^lond. 

Silver  egg-cup,  in  silver  filigree  wtnk. 

Silver  brooch,  comprising  seven  medalliona,  with  tt 
arms  of  the  seven  islands  engraved  thereon. 

Silver  thimble,  encircled  with  seven  small  ""■<«n;nji 
with  the  arms  of  the  islands. 

Bags  for  ladies,  of  velvet,  embroidered  in  gold,  wd 
raised  work  in  coloured  silk. 

Bound  case,  or  lady's  housewife^  of  vdvet,  embroidae 

Cord-cases,  or  pocket-books,  tx  ladiea,  of  velnt,  a 
hroidered. 

Shirt,  of  Ionian  manufcctuw  of  ntw-iilk,  aoA  ta 

Shirt,  of  Ionian  mano&cture  of  taw  eilk,  toA  aa  a  fc 
years  sioco  was  wixm  by  the  gsotcy  al  the  ialands 

Gold  ring,  made  at  Corfu,  with  the  initials  of  the  par 
wearing  it,  and  the  emblems  of  the  soven  jilanits,  usaal  i 
a  present  from  friend  to  friend. 

Gold  ring,  made  at  Corfu,  such  aa  is  uraally  bile 


hanged  between  brothers,  there  beinR  aa  i 
here  are  brothers  in  the  &mily  g   and  the  ring,  by  a  p 
culiar  shifting  of  the  catch,  fonniiig  (ithv  one  who 


a  cham  of  so  many  links. 


}  Wabd,  Sir  Hbnbt — Prodnoer. 

A  silver  inkstand,  by  AnastauoFlorias,  of  Ck>Tfu,silv(i 

A  wooden  lamp  of  olive-troe  wood,  coannron  in  \l 
island  of  Coriu,  and  used  in  the  Qreek  churcAiea. 
A  knife,  by  Antonio  Ai4ionoU,  peasant,  frnn  I^inin 

the  district  of  Qiri,  Corfii. 


in. 

BRITISH  POSSES^JONS 
m  AFRICA. 


SOUTH  AFRICA.— WESTERN  AFRICA. 
AFBICAK  ISLAKDS. 


The  diBtinguiihtDR  Teatarc  of  all  the  contributions  to  the  Eihibition  sent  from  the  dependencies  of  Great 
Britain  is  the  juTJimiinanco  of  raw  material  and  produce  over  manuracturcE  and  liue  arts.  Tberc  is  nmch 
that  is  laggeative  in  this  fact.  The  early  deveto|imciit  of  the  {>roe|icrity  o(  a  new  country  or  colony  ia  always 
neccsmrily  more  directly  dojiendent  on  Ha  natural  products,  and  their  application,  than  on  the  industrial  arts. 
There  is  much  to  interest  both  the  naturalist  and  the  mcrcbiant  in  Ibc  ohjccia  exhibited. R.  E. 


SOUTH    AFRICA. 

BocTH  Abus,  l.  u.  sa 
Jffimt,  Hr.  H.  W&TsoK,  81.  Pttu'i  Oiamiert,  CoiidiU. 
Thb  collection  from  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  added  to 
that  fonvardcd  hy  the  Agricultural  Society,  consisting 
of  a  variety  of  articles  from  South  Africa,  is  the  cun- 
tribation  of  about  sixty  exhibitors.  With  the  exccp- 
tion  of  a  few  s|iecimena  of  furniture,  and  native 
manufacture  in  wood,  Ac,  this  collection  is  valuable 
chiefly  as  iUustratory  of  the  raw  maliiriala  furnished 
by  the  districts  which  It  represents.  The  mineralE 
scot  from  the  Haitland  mines,  inclusive  of  lead  and 
iron  ores,  and  alao  of  graphite  and  coral,  are  the  chief 
representatives  of  the  first  class  of  the  Exhibition, 
with  the  exception  of  a  slab  of  coloured  marble  from 
Natal,  mounlDNJ  as  a  tabic  on  a  stand  of  oak.  Speci- 
mens of  crude  and  of  partially-purified  cream  of  tartar, 
nnder  the  name  Ai^ol,  are  sent,  in  Class  2,  together 
with  some  medicinal  plants  and  drugs.  Several  kinds 
of  hark  for  the  use  of  the  tanner,  walnut-oil,  and  oil 
from  the  sheep's  tail  and  sea-elephant;  some  impure 
carbonate  of  soda,  prepared  from  incinerated  plants, 
called  gnnnaashcs;  spccimensoforchilla  weed, guano, 
and  honey  are  also  iuterestine.  Among  the  vegetable 
products  the  berry  wax,  obtained  probably  from  a 
■peciea  of  Myrica,  deaerves  notice.  The  articles  of 
food  represented  consist  of  maize,  wheat,  fiour  pro- 
duced m  the  Cape  Colony,  preserved  fruits  and  pro- 
visiona,  and  dried  fruits.  The  skins  of  the  wild 
animals,  exhibited  in  their  unmanufactured  state,  and 
alio  in  the  form  of  the  karosacs  worn  by  the  Kafirs, 
the  ivory  and   elephants'  teeth,  and  s  largo  pair  of 


Specimens  of  the  feathers  of  the  ostrich 
In  illustration  of  this  important  article  of  colonial 
export.  A  tiptwt  mado  from  the  featbera  of  various 
Cifie  bird!  is  aUo  exhibited.— B.  E. 

1  llUTLiKD  Hnis,  Fort  ElUabHk. 

Laod  an,  trtaa  Fort  Elisabeth.     Iron  ur^  from  Uitoi' 


hags.    Orapbita,  from  Cm  Town.    Com),  btmt  CWMon. 
Caster  shells,  from  Uitetihage. 

2  Di  TiLuna,  P.  I.,  Faarl,  Cop*  Totm. 
Argol,  white  and  red. 

[Argol  I*  the  mune  given  oommercially  to  the  cruds 
tartar  (bitartrete  of  potash)  which  exists  in  tho  juice  of 
the  grape,  and  is  deposited  from  wine  in  tho  fi-numting 
cuki,  M  alcohol  become*  formed.  The  two  colours  are 
from  tho  white  and  red  wines  mpectircij.  The  puriDed 
tartar  obtained  from  this  substance  is  used,  cither  directly 
or  indirectly,  in  dyeing,  calico-printing  truntii^n^.^  ^ — 
E.  F.] 

3  T&U.WITZ1B,  M.,  Coft  Zbw*. 
Medicinal  plants  and  drugs  ;  "  klipsweot.*' 
Bark  for  tanning,  tamboiikie  woo<^  Ac 

4  Jan-B,  H.,  SKtUendam. 
drugs.    SpecinieiUfrfsoda.    Hus- 


lard  seeds.    Walnut  oiL 


5  BiTLBT,  J.  B.,  CaUdoa. 
Samples  of  preserved  fruit*  i  gold  of  pkasnre. 

6  YOUTBIDI,  i.  P.,  Caitdmt. 


R       TarroB,  11.  A  O.,  Cape  Ibmi  amd  Caleiom. 

Sample*  of  flour.    Eggs  of  the  ostrich. 

[T)w  oelrirb  belong!  to  the  natural  fani);  of  AnrfM- 
omJa,  II*  eggi  are  eonridered  gnat  ■<«"■*■—  by  the 
Boltentots,  and  are  cooked  by  being  plunged  into  tho 
lire  erobor*  of  a  wood  flin.  In  the  ahallow  pits  of  sand 
where  the  qcg*  are  deposited,  a  large  number  are  oevtr 
■kmally  fotmd.  Tho  eggihell*  an  extrandy  da&ae  ana 
hanl,  and  arc  eonvctled  into  variooi  srtinlns  of  use  and 


950 


SOUTH  AFRICA. 


[CoiiOims  AS 


. 


10  BoTAiao  Qabden,  Cape  Town, 
Samples  of  cotton. 

11  Makttbi.,  C,  Cape  Toum. 
Samples  of  Natal  cotton. 

13  Clabekcgb,  Bichabd,  Cape  Town. 
Sea-elephant  oil ;  sheep's-tail  oiL 

[Sea-elephant.  This  animal  is  the  largest  of  the  seal- 
tribe,  and  is  distinguished  by  a  tumid  pendulous  proboscis 
which,  in  the  male,  can  be  distended  and  erected,  whence 
the  name  applied  to  the  species  by  the  seal#s.  The  sea- 
elephant  {Phoea  probaecidea^  or  Cystophora  proboecidea) 
is  a  native  of  islands  in  the  Southern  and  Antarctic  oceans. 
It  attains  a  length  of  thirty  feet. — B.  O.] 

14  EimHASDT  &  Co.,  Cape  Town, 
SheepVtail  oiL 

[The  yariety  of  the  domestic  sheep  at  the  Cape  of  Qood 

Hope  is  characterised  by  a  tendency  to  an  enormous 

accumulation  of  fat  in  the  tail,  which  would  in  some  cases 

drag  upon  the  ground,  and  become  ulcerated,  were  it  not 

for  the  precaution  of  fiistening  to  it  a  board  on  wheels,  by 

which  it  is  dragged  along. — B.  O.] 

15  Thomson,  Gboboe,  Cape  Town, 
Sea-cow  teeth.  

16  Mbbsbb,  F.,  Cape  Town, 
Ox  horns,  polished,  and  rough. 

17  Watebxstbb,  C,  Oreen  Point. 
Samples  of  hemp  (aloe). 

18  Blacebubv,  J.,  Cape  Town, 
Karosses.    Specimens  of  wild  cats'  and  jackals'  paws. 

19  Dbaite  &  Johnson,  Cape  Town, 
Specimens  of  karosses. 

[Karosses  are  cloaks,  such  as  are  worn  by  the  Kafirs, 

made  of  the  skins  of  wild  animals.    The  numbers  of  rare 

and  beautiful  quadrupeds  inhabiting  South  Africa,  render 

these  skins  objects  of  much  interest  to  the  naturalist,  as 

well  as  articles  of  intrinsic  value. — £.  F.] 

Ivory ;  elephants'  tusks.    Three  Malay  hats. 

20  Hanbitbt,  E.,  Cape  Town. 
Skins  of  wild  animals. 


21  Bbidobs,  C,  Cape  Town. 

Skins  of  wild  animals.  Kafir  chair,  battle-axe,  hoe,  &c. 
Buffalo  and  other  horns.  Bhinoceros-hide  sticks  and 
whips.    Stone  box,  &c. 

22  Cluappini,  a.  &  Co.,  Cape  Town. 

Skins  of  wild  animals.  Twelve  goat  skins,  weighing 
65  lbs.  each. 

23  Bttthbbfoobd,  H.  £.,  Cape  Town. 
Samples  of  wheat.     Ostrich  feathers. 

[The  export  of  ostrich  feathers  from  the  Cape  is  of  great 
importance  to  the  colony,  and  the  prosperity  of  this  trade 
necessarily  affects  the  tribes  of  native  hunters.  Conse- 
quently, those  circumstances  which  interfere  with  the 
demand  for  feathers  at  homo,  affect  ultimately  the  Ka&r 
hunters  themselvee.  The  recent  disturbances  produced  a 
groat  impression  upon  the  trade  in  ostrich  feathers,  and 
the  results  are  severely  felt  by  the  native  hunters  of 
these  birds. — B.  E.] 

26  Woodman,  J.  C,  Cape  Toum. 

Manufactured  oUve  wood. 

[The  oUve  wood  of  the  Cape  is  the  product  of  true  ohve- 


treee,  species  of  O^o,  but  all  distinci  from  the  Olea 
Europe. — ^E.  F.] 

A  cabinet,  composed  of  seven  spedea  of  wood,  mpcdtl 
of  stinkwood,  so  called  on  account  of  the  oBeaomwe  smell 
the  wood  when  newly  cut. 

[The  peculiar  wood  here  alluded  to  is  that  of  a  tn 
belonging  to  the  order  Lamraeem.  Its  botanical  name 
Oreodaphne  fadene.  Its  odour  is  muversally  describe 
as  most  intolerable.  The  same  tree  exists  in  the  Gmai 
Islands,  where  it  is  known  under  the  name  of  ^L — "SL  E 

27  Thalwitzbb,  M.,  Cape  Town. 

Curiosities;  bows  and  arrows;  Bushman's  blanks 
Bark  for  tanning. 

28  Hanbusy,  £.  J.,  Cape  7\nm. 
Bhinoceros-hom  sticks  and  whips. 

[There  are  several  species  of  rhinoceros  in  Africa;  « 
of  them  ranges  throughout  the  central  regions ;  two  m 
peculiar  to  the  south.  Three  Afrw^^n  spedes  have  tn 
horns,  the  other  has  only  one  horn,  lliej  un  all  qiai 
distinct  from  the  Asiatic  spedes.  The  horn  is  fixmed  oi 
of  an  accumulation  of  metamorphoeed  bain. — K.  F.] 

Leopard-skin.   

29 


MoAO,  W.,  Cc^  Town, 
Kafir  wanioi^s  head-dress. 


Foobd,  B.,  Cape  Timm, 


30 
Model  in  daj. 

30a        Suthbbland,  J.,  17  Great  8t.  Hden\  Lomim 
(Agent  to  Twist  Niet  Steam  Mills,  of  Meisr 
J.  F.  Fbbdbbioxsbn  and  T.  Suthkbland,  jun. 
Wheat  flour,  the  produce  of  the  Oi^  Ookmy. 

30b  Bazlby,  T.,  Naial. 

Three  bales  of  cotton,  from  Port  NataL 


31 
32 

34 
35 


38 
39 
40 
41 


South  Apbican  Pbodttctions, /orwwtferf  hy  Oe  Ace 

CXTLTUBAL  SOCIBTY  OF  THB  (JaPB  OF  GkX>D  HOFB. 

Bbitz,  Bieda,  &  Co.— Samples  of  fine  wooL 

Bbbda,  D.  J.  Van,  Hatch  Siver.Snmpkn  of  is 

wooL 

Pbincb,  Collison,  &  Co.— A  barrel  of  fine  floor. 

VOLSTBBDT,  J.  P.— Preserved  fiTiita,  via,  bitti 
oranges,  green  apricots,  green  figs,  naartjes,  cition,  candis 
figs,  candied  naartjes,  and  oranges. 

36  Moes,  N. — Cigars  and  kanaster  tobacco. 

37  Sbabioht,  J.— Two  tins  Malagas  guano. 
Sjothebs,  J.— Tallow  and  soap. 
SCHLUSSLBB,  H.— Cask  of  salt  beet 
Mabtin,  W.— Cask  of  salt  pork. 
Mosso,  T.— A  roll  of  sole  leather. 

42  SoHiOBTBBLOBW,  C  — A  tippet  made  horn  tb 
feathers  of  various  Cape  birds.  Samples  of  sole  katha 
Sea-elephant  oiL 

43  Mission ABT  Station,  Gbobnbjoof. — Quince  wall 
ing-sticks,  stained ;  riding  whip,  stained ;  and  olire  woo 
work-box. 

44  MOBAYIAN  MiSSIONABT  STATION  at  GSNADBNDAI. 

— Double  chopping  knife,  bread-cutting  and  huntin 
kniyes,  yine  cutter,  pocket  kniyes,  and  boechlemmer  knii 
Box  composed  of  dO  specimens  of  yarioua  woods,  in  th 
rough  and  polished  state ;  oHye  wood  box. 

45  LiNDBNBEBO,  J.,  WorceHer  Dietrici. — Specimen  c 
berry  wax  j  specimens  of  beeswax. 

[The  tree  which  yields  the  "  berry  wax"  is,  in  all  probi 
bility,  Jtfyrica  cerifera^  the  berries  of  which  yield  it  abuik 
antly.  Possibly  it  may  bo  obtained  from  other  species  < 
Myrica.  The  trees  from  which  it  is  obtained  aro  foun 
abundantly  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope.— B.  K.] 


DSPENDENCIES.  3 


SOUTH  AFBICA. 


951 


46  Babv,  T.  a.— Sack  of  wheat. 

47  I>infBLBTOir,  H.,  Otorge  DisMd. — ^Box,  oontaminff 
fisrtj-tliiee  ipecinieiis  of  Cape  woods,  in  the  bark,  rough 
and  pcdiahedL  Spedmens  ot  Colonial  wool  in  the  rough 
•tate. 


[The  wool  of  the  native  breed  of  Gape  sheep  is  of  little 
yalue,  and  forms  but  an  unimportant  article  of  oomzoer- 
oial  enterprise.  That  of  the  sheep  of  the  Merino  breed  is, 
however,  highly  esteemed,  and  is  annually  exported  to  the 
yalue  of  about  25,000;.~B.  E.] 


Saxplbs  of  Tarious  Woods  indigenous  to  South  Atbioa. 


Ni 


1 

fl 
1 
4 
ft 
S 
T 
• 
f 
10 

n 
It 

IS 
14 
M 
IC 
17 
It 

It 

to 

tl 
tt 
tt 
t4 

B» 

tt 
t7 
tt 
tt 

to 

Sl 


u 
tt 

tt 

t7 


40 
41 
4t 
4t 


Paw  (wUto) .  .  . 
Iroo  wood  (wbite)  . 
WOdi 


WIlda««  .  •  . 
AUar(i«d)  .  .  . 
Qndlovood  or  dMRj 


BbdcolHo  •  •  . 
Wadoldor  .  .  . 
Wbito  olHo  •    •     • 


•        • 


SOkfattk  .    • 


•        • 


Bod  wood      •    •     • 


Ptar(hud)  .     •     . 


Mflkwood 


Ums. 


•    •     • 


TeUov  wood  .  . 

.        •  • 

Qoairibadi    •  •  • 

Bbekbwk      .  .  . 

Iron  wood  (black)  • 

▲IdorlOip     .  .  . 

Sdnkwood     .  •  . 


•     •     •     • 


•     •    •     • 


•    •     • 


Wild 

▲Idflr(wlitte)     .    . 
Noontiifum    .     .     . 


TeUow  wood .  .  • 
Kooboo  •  .  •  • 
WUto  wood  •    •    • 


Siwdoat  Qted  as  an  ematie 

by  the  Zoolaa. 
In  waggo&>work,  for  feUooa, 

See. 
For  axlea,  poles,  ftc^  of  wag> 

fona. 
For  oaUnet-maken*  tools   . 

For  wafgon  pole-tanga  and 

felloei. 
By  eabinet-maken  for  chain, 

Ac. 
Waggon  feUoea  and  ]4anka 

Waggon-building  and  other 


Qoality. 


fteferred  eapedally  for  wag>- 

gonpbttildW. 
Fomitwe  and  waggon-work 

Table-feet  and  dudra    •    . 

Waggon-work,  polea,  tec    • 

Coopeia'-work,  water-wheela» 
not  beingaffeeted  by  water 

Waggon-tenta,  thatehing- 
apars. 

Waggon-work,  the  bark  for 
tanning. 

Waggonowork     •     •     •    • 

Fnmitaie-lega,  &c,  and  tools 

Ouriage-polea,  span.  The 
bark,  when  broken,  appean 
silky. 

Waggon-work,  and  the  bark 
for  tanning. 

Fomitare,  tools,  tee.     •    . 

Veneering  and  tools      .     • 
Waggon-work  and  toda 
Waggon-poles,  axlea,  tec    . 


Beama,  planks,  and  building. 

Span,  rafters,  tec     .     .     • 

Felloes,  the  berries  aa  food  • 

Waggon-poles,  tools,  tec    . 

Waggon-work     •     •     •     • 

Waggon  work      .... 

Fomitare,  gnn^etoeka,  wag>- 

gon-work    .     •    •     •     . 

Funiture,  planks    .     .     . 

FeUoes,  boat-ribs,  and  wag>- 


Very  hard  and 

tough. 
Hard  and  tough 

Very  hard  and 

tough. 
Fine-giained 

and  tough. 
Soft  and  tough 

Hard  and  beary 

Hard  and  tough 

Very  hard  and 

heavy. 
Hard  and  tery 

tough. 
Very  hard  and 

tou^. 
Hard  and  tough 

Hard  and  tough 

Light,  short,  and 

resinous. 
Very  tough  and 

dunble. 
Hard  and  cloae 


•     • 


gon 
Fdloes 


•work. 


Waggon-span,  poles,  kc  • 
Beams,  planks,  tec  .  .  • 
F^imiture,  planks,  tee.  .     . 

•        •        • 
Tools,  ftuniture,  tec     •    • 
Deals,  beama,  planks,  tec  • 
Waggon-work,  felloea,  tec . 
Bafters,  spars,  tec    •    .    . 


Haid 

Hard  and  tough 

Tough  and  cloae 

Very  tough 
Short  and  hard 
Hard  anddoae 
Hard  and  tough 
Hard  and  tough 
Hard  and  beary 
Soft  and  light  . 
Soft  and  light. 
Short  and  hard 

Hard  and  very 

tough. 
Very  hard  and 

tough. 
Hard  and  cloae 

Hard  and  tough 

Soft  and  tough 

Hard,  milky, 
and  tough. 
Hardand  tou^ 

Tough  •     •    . 

Hardand  tough 

Soft  and  light  • 

Tough  and  aoft 

Hardand  cloae 

Tough  and  haid 

Light  and  sbori- 
gnined. 

light  and  short- 
grained. 

Light  and  soft. 


LoeaUty. 


FbrtNatal 

OUlkntahoek,  Zixikamma . 

Knikkal'**""*^,  7i«{lr«iwma^ 

tec 
Eastern  forests  .... 

Forests   throughout   the 

Cbpe  Colony. 
Barines   throughout  the 

Cape  Colony. 
Barines  along  the  water- 

counes. 
Edging  the  watercourses  in 

nvines. 
Moist  and  stony  plaoea 

Bockyplaoea     •     .     .     . 

Woods  edging  riven    .     . 


HLrh  rocky  plaoea  in  the 

Cedar  Mountains. 
Underneath  high  trees  in 

the  forests. 
Woods  in  the  eastern  part 

of  the  colony. 


Shady  spots  in  nvines 
Woods  in  ravines   .    . 


to 


15totO 
»0„ 

« 

15 


Forests  in  the  eastern  dis- 
tricts. 

Forests  of  Nysna  Biver  and 
eastern  districts. 

Bavinea,  shady  and  moist 
places. 

Stony  and  moist  plaoea 
within  the  eolonv. 


Forests  of  George  DistricL 

Moist  plaoea  by  rivulets. 

Eastern  Krovinoe. 
Woods  of  Eastern  Ptavinee 

Moist  and  shady  places 

Forests  of  Esalem  Province 

•  •        • 
Many  forests     •    .     •     • 
Forests  of  Eastern  District 
Stony  places      •     •     .     . 
Forests  of  Eastern  ftovinoe 

•  •        • 
Woods  in  ravines    .     .    . 

Forests  in  nvines  in  Eastern 

Province. 
Moist  places  tn  ravinea  in 

Eastern  IVovinee. 


Height 
of  Stem. 


Feet. 


n 


10 

to 

10 

so 


>» 


10  „  1» 

80  „  to 

6  „  10 

8  „     0 

»»ntO 

10  M  t5 

»«  10 

10  M  15 

•  • 
5„  It 
7«  It 


5„10 
It  ..  It 


It  ^  1ft 


Diameter. 


1»  „  to 

•I 

10  „ 

10 
It 


Forests  in 
Woods  in 


IVovinee 
Province 


n 


n 


It 


»t 


M 


to 
1ft 

t 
It 
to 


10 


1ft 

to  M  to 

io„  to 

»»  10 
ft  >.  10 

•  • 

1ft  „  to 

10  n  It 


tO„ftO 
10.  It 


Botanieal  Namea. 


totft. 

n  ■^  n 

w  ft  in. 
»  4ft. 
n  tin. 
n  8ft. 

W  M 

ft   '    » 

Uft. 
Tin. 
totft. 

»  •  »• 
M  t  in. 

•  • 

totin. 

■•   *   M 
»t   8   „ 

nSft. 
n9in. 

>,10„ 
n  *ft- 

.  • 
to4„ 
»7in. 
nlOn 
1ft. 

totft. 


n  '  n 


tt  "  n 
M  *  H 
»  •  f» 

•  • 

totin. 
»4ft. 


Imbrioaria  obovata. 

Aaaphea    (Bosda) 

undulata. 
BurchelUac 


Manglilla(Mryaine) 
mdanophleoa. 

Tarehonanthua 
camphovatus. 

Cunonla  capensis. 

CUaatms  roatratuo. 

CortiaU  fkginea. 

Olea  verrueoaa. 

Chilianthu    arbo- 
reus. 

•        • 

Gallitria  Eeklonll. 

Trichocladns 

crinitos. 
Chiooxylon    ezeeh 


Mystrozylon. 
Boyena  Indda. 


toftft. 


M   *    M 


tia. 


Bhna  toeaentosa. 

DIporidium    arbo- 

reum. 
Gonioma  Kamaasl. 


Oelastrus? 
(Hiniaeymi 


Podocarpua    eloo- 
gatus. 
Virgiliaca] 


Eudea  undulata. 

Boyena  villoaa. 

Olea  undulata. 

Pleetronia. 

Oreodaphne  boUata 

Ekebergia  capensis. 

Siderozylon  inenae 

Hippobffomns 
alattta. 


Weftnmannia  trifo- 

liata. 
Eudea. 


Boy< 


pDdocarpus   latil>> 

Una. 
Mystroaylon  Knbo. 

VlrgiUa. 


952 


SOUTH  AFRICA.— WESTERN  AFRICA. 


rcoixmiBft 


I 


i 


48  ScHETTBLS,  J.  H.,  &  Co. — Specimens  of  medicinal 
herbs  and  drugs. 

49  Sepfe,  H. — ^Impure  carbonate  of  soda,  prepared  from 
gunna  ashes. 

50  Pass,  A.  Pe — Samples  of  guano. 

51  Watebmeteb,  C. — Orchilla  weed. 

52  JoiTBEET,  J.  Q-. — Honey. 

53  Buchanan  &  Law — ^An  elephant's  tusk,  weighing 
103  lbs.,  another  weighing  97  lbs. 

54  Clabencb,  R. — Dried  fruits,  viz : — ^Almonds,  peaches, 
raisins,  apricots,  pears,  currants,  and  walnuts. 

Samples  of  sea-elephant  oil. 

55  Calp,  J. — Specimens  of  plumbago,  FuUer's-earth, 
&c.  Box  of  ojst^  shells,  of  geological  interest,  frt>m  po- 
sition of  deposit  being  at  the  top  of  Ghrass  Ridge. 

56  Q-BEio,  Q-.,  &  Co. — Specimens  df  iron  ore. 

57  A  hbrary  chair,  presented  to  C.  B.  Adderlej,  Esq., 
M.P.,  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  Eastern  proyince  of  the 
colony  of  the  Cape  of  Qood  Hope. 

[The  chair  was  designed  by  T.  Baines,  and  carred  by 
J.  Hart,  of  Gbaham's  town.  The  back  consists  of  two  panels, 
carded,  in  wood  of  a  lighter  shade  than  the  frtimework ;  each 
panel  being  enclosed  in  scroll-work.  Between  the  upper 
and  lower  division,  and  in  the  centre  of  the  back  of  the  chair, 
is  a  cluster  of  native  weapons  and  implements;  the  assagai 
and  the  shield  of  the  Elafir,  the  bow  and  quiver  of  the  wan- 
dering Boshman,  the  war-axe  and  plume  of  the  Bechuana. 
On  one  side  are  placed  the  arms  of  the  British  settler,  his 
rifle,  hunting-knife,  and  pouch ;  on  the  other  side,  the  long 
elephant  gun,  the  powder-horn  and  belt  of  the  Dutch  Boer. 
G^ie  upper  panel  represents  a  forest  scene.  The  principal 
group  in  the  immediate  foreground  consists  of  an  elephimt, 
rhinoceros,  and  bufBdo;  on  the  left,  a  gnu  is  represented 
galloping  s  ^  in  the  distance,  are  groups  of  giraffes  and 
ostriches ;  and  above,  the  carrion  vulture  appears  to  soar. 
The  lower  panel  represents  a  South  African  scene.  A  wag- 
gon is  about  to  descend  the  bank  of  a  rivulet.  On  a  ridge, 
overlooking  the  drift,  down  which  the  leading  oxen  are 
descending,  is  a  Kafir  hut.  In  the  mid-distance  is  placed 
a  frontier  homestead,  with  verandah  and  porch;  and 
rising  inmiediately  behind  it,  a  lofty  and  rugged  krantz : 
mountains  fill  up  the  back-groimd.  The  cushion  is  worked 
in  silk,  on  black  velvet :  it  consists  of  a  group  of  wild 
flowers,  surrounded  by  a  wreath  of  vine-leaves  and  grapes. 
The  lower  part  of  the  chair,  below  the  cushion,  is  sur- 
rounded by  a  frieze :  the  front  is  carved  with  a  wheat- 
sheaf^  and  a  festoon  of  cobs  of  Indian  com.  The  aloe,  a 
characteristic  of  South  African  scenery,  is  grouped  on  one 
side,  with  a  stem  of  Kafir  millet ;  and  on  the  other,  with 
Indian  com.  

58  Watson,  H.,  St.  Peter^s  Chambers^  ComMll 
Pair  of  polished  ox  horns,  (with  head  complete,)  mea- 
suring from  tip  to  tip  8  feet  4  inches,  and  21  inches  in 
circumference — from  Port  Natal ;   and  stone  slab,  from 
Natal,  mounted  as  a  table. 

58a  Cbouch. 

A  model  of  machinery  of  H.  M.  Sv  "  Dee." 

59  Wells,  John  &  Co.,  Regent  Street. 

A  slab  of  coloured  marble,  from  the  district  of  Natal, 
mounted  on  a  stand  of  oak  grown  on. the  pstate  of  Lord 

WiUoughby  D'Eresby  ;  carved  by  the  exhibitors. 

^ —  i 

60  Bfsh,  C.  J.,  12  Pancras  Lane^  London. 

Specimen  of  red  ebony,  from  Natal,  with  fourteen  engine- 
turned  draughtsmen,  made  from  part  of  the  same.  The 
wood  has  not  been  dyed,  but  merely  oiled  and  polished. 


Elephant's  tusks,  found  near  Ghraham's  Town.  T 
heaviest  weighs  831  lbs.,  the  lightest  134  Iba.  T 
longest  is  8  feet  6  inches  in  length  and  22f  indiea  in  c 
oumferenoe  at  the  base,  and  its  weight  is  167  Bm. 


WESTERN    AFRICA. 

South  Arsas,  L.  M.  82. 

This  collection  of  articles  is  a  very  complete  repi 
sentation  of  native  products  and  of  the  results  of  nati 
industry.  It  is  contributed,  however,  exclusively  1 
British  exhibitors  interested  in  this  colony.  The  n 
materials  are  very  interesting.  They  include  spa 
mens  of  woods,  among  which  is  the  celebrated  Afnc 
teak,  so  extensively  used  for  purposes  of  ship-buildiB 
construction,  &c.  Specimens  of  cotton,  ginned  ai 
otherwise,  some  of  which  grow  spontaneously  on  ti 
banks  of  the  Niger.  Raw  silk  and  other  textile  mtX 
rials  are  likewise  illustrated.  Among  the  articles 
food  are  specimens  of  arrow-root,  coffee,  shea  butti 
dried  fruit,  &c.  The  most  interesting  and  extensi 
part  of  the  collection  consists  in  the  textile  pfodnctia 
of  native  industry,  which  are  extremely  varied,  ai 
exhibit  much  simple  ingenuity  and  ornament.  Tl 
baskets,  weapons,  and  miscellaneous  personai  ai 
domestic  fittings  shown,  have  also  much  intere 
attached  to  them  individually  and  to  the  ciicni 
stances  of  their  production. — R.  E. 

1      Wbstoit,  Wabwtcx,  73  Qraeeckmrek  Sire^ 

London — ^Importer. 

1  Teak  timber  or  African  oak,  for  ship  building,  Ae, 

2  Ironstone.    3  Cotton  with  the  aeea. 

4  CSotton,  cleaned,  without  the  seed.    5  Fsfan  ofl. 

6 — ^7  Bennie  seed  and  ground  nuts,  firom  whkii  oil 
extracted 

8  Arrow-root.  9  The  root  of  arrow-root. 

10  Shea  butter.        11  Ginger.        12  Coffee. 
13  Pod  pepper.        14  Cayenne  pepper. 

15  G-um  oopaL 

16  African  mats  and  small  baskets,  made  there  frc 
dried  grass. 

17  African  countiy  cloths,  made  there  from  their  o% 
cotton. 

These  productions  are  all  from  the  Western  OomI 
Africa.  

2  FoRSTSB  k  Smith. 

Tobes,  or  cotton  robes,  from  Sierra  Leone. 

Pagnes,  or  cotton  cloths,  from  Gambia^ 

Kmfe  from  Ghunbia. 

Grass-cloth  from  Sierra  Leone. 

Table-mats  from  Ghmibia. 

Leather  pouch  containing  MS.  extracts  from  i 
Koran. 

Leather  pouches,  worn  as  charms  in  Gambia. 

Ashantee  glass  armlets,  the  glass  obtained  by  rndtii 
European  b^wls. 

3  Bbown,  Joseph  Peto,  Cape  Coatt  CatHe^ 

Gold  CoaH,  West  Africa. 
A  large  silk-cotton  horse-cloth,  manufactured  at  D 
homey,  Africa;  worn  by  the  king*s  &TOurite  son. 

4  BoTHEBY,  Miss,  10  Stratford  Place^  London, 
Two  large  wrought-cotton  counterpanes,  manu&ctnri 

in  the  Cape  de  Verd  Islands. 

Three  silk  pangs,  or  mantles,  manu&ctured  in  tl 
island  of  San  Nicolas,  Cape  de  Yerd  Islands ;  worn  1 
the  ladies  of  the  island. 


5         Teotteb,  Captain  Henby  Dundas,  R.N. 

Various  articles  of  African  growth  and  niaiiufaotu] 
purchased  and  chiefly  manufactu]^  at  Egga,  on  the  rig 


Depestdenctes.] 


WESTERN  AFRICA. 


953 


iMUik  of  the  Niger;  and  brought  to  England  by  tlio 
Exhibitor. 

1  Specimen  of  Samia  Aduga  raw  silk.  This  silk  can  be 
obtained  at  Brini  Caunatown,  in  the  Haussa  country. 

2  Specimen  of  Samia  Aduga,  as  it  is  manufactured  at 
Kattam  Karafi.  This  yellow  dye  is  a  species  of  arrow- 
root, which  grows  wild  in  some  places  on  the  banks  of  the 
Kiger,  and  w>  on  the  coast. 

8  A  specimen  of  raw  cotton,  which  grows  spontaneously 
on  the  banks  of  the  Niger,  Mid  is  often  cultiyated  by  the 
natires. 

4  Specimen  of  lime,  a  material  made  of  bones  burnt  into 
•shea,  mixed  with  water,  and  dried  in  the  sun.  It  is 
used  by  those  who  spin  thread  for  the  purpose  of  keeping 
their  fingers  diy. 

6  Poisoned  arrows,  such  as  are  used  by  the  FeUtahs 
or  Fulaa,  as  well  as  by  the  people  of  Yoruba. 

6  Specimen  of  cotton  thread,  including  white  and  blue. 

7  Ropes  made  of  natiye  hemp. 

8  Female  countiy  doth,  sucn  as  is  made  into  dresses 
and  worn  by  the  lugher  classes :  it  is  manufactured  at 
Yabotchy.  The  wooUen  yam  that  is  intermixed  with 
the  cotton  is  of  European  manufacture. 

9  A  goat  or  sheep  skin. 

10  Specimens  of  female  dresses,  made  of  country  cloth: 
these  are  worn  by  the  higher  classes.  They  are  manu- 
fiu^ured  at  Illoryn,  Yoruba  country,  and  at  Moko,  in  the 
Haussa  country. 

11  Specimens  of  a  female  fashionable  dress,  made  of 
country  cloth,  and  worn  by  the  higher  classes.  The  cloth  is 
manufactured  at  Nikij  or  Babuh,  in  the  Yoruba  country. 
The  brown  cotton  is  taken  from  the  silk  cotton-tree, 
(a  species  of  Bombax).  This  immense  tree  grows  on 
the  Gold  Coast,  and  in  most  other  parts  of  the  west  coast 
of  Africa.  The  natircs  make  their  canoes,  by  hollowing  it 
out  and  shaping  it  to  the  reouired  size.  The  green  leaves 
when  just  on  the  point  of  Dudding  are  Tery  wholesome, 
and  are  used  as  regetables. 

12  Specimens  of  female  dresses  of  country  doth,  manu- 
&cturea  at  Seluh,  a  town  nine  days*  journey  on  foot  from 
if  ubba,  situated  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Niger. 

13  Specimens  of  a  female  dress,  made  of  country  cloth, 
and  generaUy  worn,  after  having  been  dyed,  by  the  higher 
classes  as  a  shawl :  it  is  manufiurtured  at  Yabotchy. 

14  Specimens  of  female  dresses,  made  of  the  countiy 
doth  which  is  manufactured  at  Kilamij  and  in  Yoruba 
country. 

16  Specimens  of  female  dresses,  made  of  country  cloth, 
and  worn  by  aU  classes.  It  is  manufactured  in  Yabotchy 
and  Yoruba. 

16  Specimens  of  female  dresses,  made  of  country  doth, 
and  worn  bv  the  higher  classes.  The  red  silk  is  to  be 
procured  only  at  Brini  C^u:  it  is  sold  by  the  Arabs. 

17  A  variety  of  other  country  cloths,  which  are  made 
into  dresses,  and  worn  by  different  classes.  Manufactured 
at  Yoruba,  Abuna,  and  Egga. 

18  Specimen  of  full-size  country  doth,  used  for  dresses 
by  the  middle  classes :  it  is  also  made  into  counterpanes. 
It  is  manufSturtured  at  Little  Popo,  in  the  Bight  of  Benyn. 
The  red  thread  is  of  European  manufacture. 

19  Female  head-bands,  such  as  are  worn  by  the  higher 
and  lower  classes.  They  are  manufitctured  at  Yabotchy 
and  Egga. 

20  Spedmen  of  a  fine  dress  head-band,  as  worn  by 
females  of  the  higher  class  of  people.  The  red  silk  is 
brought  by  the  Arabs  through  the  dencrt,  from  Tripoli 
into  llaussa  country,  and  amongst  other  towns,  to  Birmi 
or  Brini  Canu. 

21  Specimen  of  a  fi*malo  head-band,  4  ft.  1  in.  in  length. 
The  brown  cotton  is  taken  from  the  silk  cotton-tree. 

22  Specimens  of  fine  and  blue-glazed  tobos,  such  as 
are  worn  by  the  higher  class  of  natives.  The  tobe  b 
glaze<l  in  the  foUowing  manner : — Af\er  the  cloth  has  been 
thoroughly  dyed  with  indigo  it  is  hung  up  until  it  is  com- 
pletely dry ;  it  is  then  spread  on  a  wooden  roller,  and 
rubbra  by  hand  with  the  shoU  of  a  snail :  tbif  produces 
theglosa. 


23  Fine  plain  and  dy^nl  unbleached  cotton  tobe. 

2-t  Fine  dress  striped  tobe,  such  as  is  worn  by  the 
higher  classes.  The  yellow  colour  is  dyed  at  Kattam 
Karafi,  a  town  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Niger,  a  shoii 
distance  above  its  confluence  with  the  Chadda.  The  red 
silk  is  brought  by  the  Arabs  into  the  llaussa  country. 

25  Fine  checked  short  tobe,  woven  with  raw  ulk :  it 
is  worn  by  the  higher  classes. 

26  SjMX'imen  of  a  fine  checked  long  tobe,  and  Haussa 
trouserB :  it  is  braided  with  rod  silk  about  tlie  ankles, 
and  is  made  after  the  Turkish  fiisliion:  it  is  worn  by  the 
higher  classes. 

27  Strainer  or  sieve,  made  out  of  slipe  of  bamboo :  it 
is  manufactiu^  at  Brini  Canu. 

28  Small  earthen  cooking  pot  and  cover,  earthen  dishes, 
and  stands  for  lamps ;  usea  by  the  higher  classes. 

29  Cushion.  The  red  baize  is  of  European  manufiu;- 
ture;  the  yellow  skin  is  dyed  by  the  natives  of  Kattan 
Karafi. 

80  Strings  of  fancy  palm-nut  beads,  made  out  of  burnt 
kernels,  ^ey  are  worn  round  the  waist  and  neck  by 
respectable  females. 

81  Coloured  basket,  made  of  bamboo ;  it  is  manufao- 
tured  at  Birmi,  or  Brini,  in  the  Haussa  country. 

82  Basket  to  hold  provisions,  rice,  com,  &c. 

83  Calabash  bowl ;  a  wooden  bowl  carved  out  of  solid 
wood ;  and  calabashes  of  various  sizes.  Vessels  of  this 
kind  are  used  for  containing  solid  and  liquid  food.  All 
calabashes  are  made  out  of  a  species  of  pumpkin,  which  is 
not  edible;  it  has  a  bitter  taste,  sunilar  to  that  of 
quassia.  It  is  applied  to  various  purposes,  and  is  made 
hjr  the  natives  in  the  Bighta  of  Benin  and  Dahomey. 
The  largest  sizes  are  between  12  and  80  inches  in  diameter. 
They  are  used  for  conve)4ng  provisions  from  one  place  to 
another. 

34  Specimens  of  wooden  carved  ladles  or  spoons. 
85  Bag  used  for  holding  com  or  articles  of  commerce. 
36  Netted  bag,  used  for  exposing  articles  of  oommeroe 
in  the  market-places. 

87  Dahomian  leather  bag. 

88  Carved  ivoir  bracelet,  from  Egga. 

89  Two  mats  from  Egga,  brought  there  by  Bichard 
Lander,  in  1883. 

5a    M'Williax,  J.  O.,  M.D.  F.R.S.  (Prindpal  Medical 
Officer  of  the  late  Expedition  to  the  Niger). 

1  Specimen  of  slica  butter,  made  of  tlie  fat  of  tho 
Bassia  Parkii,  frvm  Egga,  on  the  River  Niger. 

[In  the  travels  of  Mungo  Park  frequent  mention  it 
made  of  shea  hntter^  the  product  of  the  shea-tree.  He 
described  tliis  tree  as  resembling  "  the  American  oak, 
and  the  fruit — from,  the  kernel  of  which,  first  dried  in  the 
sun,  the  butter  is  prepared,  by  boiling  the  kernel  in  water^ 
— as  having  ''sometimes  the  appearance  of  a  Spanish 
olive.*'  He  remarks  of  the  butter,  tliat  it  has  a  richer 
fiavour  than  the  best  butter  he  had  ever  tasted  made  of 
cow*s  milk,  and  states  that  the  growth  uid  preparation  of 
it  seemed  to  be  amongst  the  first  objects  of  African  in- 
dustry, and  formed  one  of  the  prindpal  articles  of  the 
inland  commerce  of  a  large  portion  of  the  region  which  he 
traversed.  Specimens  of  the  plant,  and  accurate  drawings, 
were  obtained  during  the  Niger  expedition.  It  is  a  sapo- 
naceous tree,  of  the  genus  SoMto,  allied  to  the  Indian  oil- 
trees  and  others,  tlie  fruits  of  which  yield,  on  pressure^ 
valuable  oils.— E.  F.] 

2  Camwood  dye  ball,  from  tho  conflneDoe  of  the  Niger 
and  the  Tdiadda. 

8  Bow  and  arrows,  vrith  iron  barbs,  from  the  loan 
market,  on  tlie  River  Niger. 

4  Felatah  spear,  from  Kakundrah. 

6  SmaU  musical  instrument  from  Kakundrah,  on  tho 
River  Niger. 

6  Specimen  of  cloth  made  at  tho  eonfluenoo  of  tho  Niger 
and  the  Tcfaadda. 


954 


WESTERN  AFRICA. 


[G010NII8 


II 


r 

I.' 


I 


11 


HI 


7  Spedmen  of  cloths  firom  Egga  and  Kakundrah,  on 
the  River  Niger. 

8  Specimen  of  horn  ornamented  on  silk,  such  as  is 
worn  by  the  females  at  Iddah,  on  the  River  Nicer. 

9  Small  leathern  bottles  for  containing  the  galena  which 
is  used  to  dye  the  eyelids.  They  were  brought  from  the 
confluence  of  the  Niger  and  the  Tchadda. 

10  Tobe,  embroidered  in  front  with  needlework,  such 
as  is  worn  by  the  Mallams  at  Rabbah  (Filatah  town),  on 
the  River  Niger. 

11  Specimens  of  breeches  as  worn  by  the  same. 
[These  articles,  Nos.  10  and  11,  are  the  property  of 

Sir  Jambs  Clabk,  Bart.] 

12  Specimens  of  knitted  and  small  scarfis  fri>m  Egga. 

13  Specimens  of  broad-brimmed  straw  hat,  fr^mi  Kinee, 
or  lean  Market,  on  the  River  Niger. 

14  Specimens  of  earthenware,  from  lean  Market,  on 
the  River  Niger. 

15  Specimens  of  ropes  of  vegetable  fibre,  by  means  of 
which  tne  Africans  ascend  the  naked  trunks  of  the  palm 
trees. 

16  Specimens  of  calabash  workmanship,  comprehending 
a  series  of  dishes  of  various  kinds  and  sizes,  and  platters, 
spoons,  bottles,  cups,  &o. 

17  Pipe,  from  the  confluence  of  the  Niger  and  the 
Tchadda. 

18  Staff  of  honour,  such  as  is  carried  before  the  African 
(diiefs. 

18a  Fetische  from  the  River  Ck>ngo,  in  the  garb  of  a 
slave  travelling  through  the  country.  Bag  made  by  one  of 
the  vrives  of  Obi,  the  king  of  Eboe :  River  Niger.  Phos- 
phate of  lime  from  bones,  used  by  the  cotton-spinners  to 
dry  the  tips  of  their  fingers :  at  the  confluence  of  the  Niger 
and  the  Tchadda. 

5b      Jahibson,  JoHir,  Custom-houw  Agents  London. 

Mandingo  cup,  sword,  and  dagger,  from  the  River 
Gambia. 
Calabash  and  spears,  brought  from  the  Gbmbia. 

6        HiTTTON,  W.  B.  &  Son,  25  WaiUng  Street, 

1  Dahomev  cloth,  or  dress ;  manufactured  at  Abomey, 
capital  of  Dahomey,  and  90  miles  from  the  sea-coast; 
presented  by  the  king  in  1850.  The  whole  of  the  material, 
except  the  red  gown,  spim  and  dyed  at  Abomey.  The 
cloth  measures  5  yards  by  2^  yards,  and  was  made  in  a 
loom  5  inches  wide. 

2  Dahomev  chiefs  throne  and  cushion ;  made  at  Abo- 
mey, capital  of  Dahomev,  and  90  miles  from  the  sea-coast ; 
presented  by  the  king  01  Dahomey.  The  stool  carved  out 
of  a  solid  block  of  wood  (sessaw-tree). 

3  Tusk  of  the  queen  elephant. 

4  Qrass  hat,  made  and  worn  by  the  natives  of 
Dahomey. 

5  Popo  cloth,  or  dress ;  manufetctured  at  Popo,  on 
the  Oil  Coast.  The  whole  of  the  material,  except  the  red, 
grown,  spun,  and  dved  in  the  country ;  the  cloth  measures 
§1  yaids  by  2  yards,  and  was  made  in  a  loom  20  inches 
wiae. 

6  Basket,  manufactured  by  the  natives  of  Little  Popo. 

7  Ashantee  chiefis'  doth,  or  dress;  manufactured  at 
Coomasey,  capital  of  Ashantee,  several  miles  distant  (in 
the  interior)  nom  Cape  Coast.  The  whole  of  the  cotton, 
except  the  red,  grown,  spun,  and  dyed  in  the  country; 
the  cloth  measures  4  yards  by  3^  yards,  and  was  made  in 
a  loom  3  inches  wide. 

8  Copper  weights,  used  by  the  Ashantees  for  weighing 
gold.     Cast  in  clay  mould. 

9  Powder  and  shot  belt,  made  of  leather,  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Cape  Coast. 

10  Specimen  of  the  intergrowth  of  two  branches  of  dif- 
ferent trees,  from  Cape  Coast. 

11  Dagger ;  made  at  G-rand  Bassam. 

12  Grass-cloth ;  the  material  grown  and  dyed  by  the 
natives  of  St.  Andrew's,  Ivory  Coast.  The  only  article  of 
clothing  worn  by  the  natives. 

13  St.  Andrew's  drum,  made  of  monkey-skin. 


14  Mandingo  doth,  manufitctored  bj  the  M^tm^i 
on  the  River  Ghunbia.  Ilie  cotton  grown,  spun, 
dyed  in  the  country. 

15  War-dress  and  sword,  made  and  worn  faj  the  1 
dingos  on  the  River  Ghunbia. 

16  Fiddle,  made  and  used  by  the  Ifandiiigoa,  1 
Ghunbia.    Specimens  of  p^hn  fruit,  kemeb,  and  ofl. 
cimens  of  palm-kemd  <u],  and  kemd-oil  scape.    Gn 
nuts,  oil,  and  soap. 

7  King,  R.  k  W.,  JBrUtoL 

Three  cushions  from  the  king  of  Dahomej.    Two  pj 
of  cotton  doth  of  the  same  country. 

8  FoBBSs,  Commander  F.  G.  (RN.) 

Two  weavers'  looms,  chiefs  stool  and  footitool»and 
lamps,  from  Dahomey. 
Dress  worn  by  the  Amaxons  of  the  king  of  Dalwaie 
Bag  manubctured  at  Wydah. 

9  Matbok,  Captain  (SLS,) 

Cap,  as  worn  by  the  chiefii  of  Kabenda^  Congo. 
Musical  instrument,  with  a  gourd  as  a  ioimding^ 
River  Congo. 
FetischM,  from  the  countiT  on  the  banks  of  the  s 


nver. 


10  MnxsB,  T.  Esq.,  Ireland,  and  also  of  Sam  IRet 

Cape  de  Verd  Itlamda. 
Door-lock,  as  used'at  the  Cape  de  Verd  T«u»i<i«     ^ 
lock  is  nearly  the  same  as  that  which  haa  been  in  use  1 
the  Egyptians  far  some  forty  centuries. 

11  TowKSBiO),  G.,  Esq.,  BxeUr. 
Specimens  of  doth.    A  market  basket.    Iron  braed 

A  u-ess,  as  worn  by  the  natives.     A  dram.    AH  fi 
Abbrokuta.  

12  Beboham,  Rev.  Dr. 

Hat  and  messenger^s  bag  of  Mandingo  vmaaht^ 
from  the  Ghunbia. 

Large  Ashantee  doths.    Pipes,  from.  Coomasaie. 

Brass  figures,  used  as  weights. 

Chiefs  stool  and  larae  round  cushion,  from  AaKanirf 

Cartouche  box  of  Dfuiomey  manufacture. 

Two  market-baskets,  water-pot,  and  market-bags  n 
of  grass,  from  Badagir. 

Specimen  of  raw  indigo,  from  Abbrokuta. 


13  TowNSBiO),  0-.,  Exeter. 

Various  articles  from  Abberkutu,  a  town  of  50,< 
inhabitants,  in  the  Yoruba  countiy. 

14  AcLAND,  Lady. 

Two  pieces  of  native  cloth  from  Abbrokuta. 

15  Forbes,  Conmiander  F.  G.  (R.N.) 
Various  articles  from  Dahomey. 

16  SuTHBBLANi),  Her  Ghtu>e  the  Duchesa  of. 
Various  birds,  from  the  River  Niger. 


17  AcKLAND,  Sir  T.  D.  Bart.,  M.P. 
A  sword  or  hatchet,  from  Abbrokuta. 

18  Stbaith,  Major  H. 
Two  grass  cloths  from  Abbrokuta. 


19      Faddy,  Col.  P.,  RA.,  JToototc*.— Proprietor. 

A  koodoo,  a  harte-beest,  and  a  water-boc  (a  nu 
killed  by  Captain  Faddy,  R,A,  nearly  2,400  mile*  fi 
Cape  Town,  m  Kaffirland.  The  water-boc  (a  male)  is 
only  specimen  that  has  ever  been  brought  to  Europe. 


DKPIHDBNCm.  3 


GOLD  COAST  AND  ASHANTEE.— ST.  HELENA. 


956 


20  Faddt,  Mn.  CoL — ^Prodnoer, 

Gold  aretbesqiie  scurf  of  Fei  nmimfiiohire. 
Pftir  of  Bwbiqy  ladiM*  ■Uppers. 
Vase  of  BartMzy  ware. 


21  HuTTOir,  Jjjoa  Fbxdbbiok,  26  WaiUng  Street-^ 

Importer. 
Afineaa  jnrodiioe : — Cotton  dotib,  made  b^  the  slares  of 
the  king  of  Dahomej,  at  Abomey,  90  miles  m  the  interior 
of  Africa.  Cushion  for  a  seat,  made  at  the  same  place, 
•nd  bj  the  same  people.  Cotton  cloths  made  at  Popoe^ 
on  the  Slare  Coast  of  Afiica^  and  at  St.  Andrew's,  West. 
€hrass  doihs,  for  wearing  round  the  loins.  Cotton  doths, 
from  the  banks  of  the  river  Gambia.  Baskets,  from 
Fopoe.  The  cotton  of  these  manufactures  is  grown  and 
spun  in  Africa  bj  the  natiTes ;  all  the  dyes  are  native, 
csoept  the  red. 

22  Jaxibsok,  B.,  Esq.,  Liverpool, 

Articles  from  the  country  on  the  banks  of  the  Nigerand 
other  parts  of  Western  Africa : — 

1-— 4  Copper  jug,  &c    7  Earthenware  pot. 

10 — 16  Ciuabashes,  with  rings,  and  with  spoon. 

18  Basket.    27—29  Three  combs.    82  Bmgs. 

88  Tablet.    84—88  Fire  fims. 

89— il  Grass  &n;  specimens  of  antimony  ore;  and 
pepper. 

42 — 68  Two  grass  bags ;  pein  sandals ;  boots ;  flask ; 
brass  case,  earthenware,  and  kid  skin  for  antimony ;  spurs ; 
tin  case  for  papers ;  leather  knife ;  reaping-hook ;  small 
anns  %  leather  wallet ;  string  of  beads ;  lecher  threads ; 
bctds. 

66, 66  Two  knires. 

67—69  Calabash  handles ;  leather;  nuts. 

79  Spear-head. 

23  SwAKZT,  A.,  Esq. 
Specimens  of  rook  gold,  from  Ashantee. 


24 


Specimens  of  Dahomian  doth,  from  Porto  Bico. 


GOLD  COAST  AND  ASHANTEK 

A  COLLECTION  of  a  Variety  of  articles  of  native  pro- 
duction, forwarded  by  two  exhibitors,  form  the  con- 
tribution of  this  district  to  the  Exhibition.  The 
miscellaneous  objects  thus  offered  to  view  present 
many  interesting  subjects  for  study. — B.  £. 


1  FoBSTSB  &  Smith,  Messrs. 

Ashantee  glass  armlets,  composed  of  glass  obtained  by 
melting  down  European  beads.  Cotton  cloth  prepared 
with  natire  dyes.  Silk  cloth  woTcn  from  silk  threaos  ob- 
tained by  unravelling  European  silk  goods.  Copper 
flgnree,  used  as  gold  weights  by  the  natives — all  m>m 
Ashantee. 

Weaving  and  spinning  instruments ;  cotton  cloths ; 
gold  ornaments ;  pottery  used  for  cooking ;  pipe  heads 
and  pipe  stem  ;  native  leather ;  grass  and  mixed  grass  and 
cotton  cloths--ail  from  the  Gold  Coast. 


ST.   HELENA. 

South  Aria,  Q.  32. 

This  small  but  interesting  island,  represented  by  four 
exhibitors,  has  sent  a  few  specimens  of  its  products  to 
the  Exhibition.  The  Agricultural  Society  recently 
established  in  the  island,  with  a  view  to  promote  the 
CTiltivation  of  several  plants  which  may  vield  a  profit- 
able return  to  the  farmer,  has  forwanieu  s|jecimcns  of 


raw  cotton,  a  box  of  alkali,  and  some  rock  salt.  Coffee 
has  also  lately  been  grown  on  the  island,  and  a  speci- 
men is  sent  for  examination.  Interest  will  be  excited 
by  a  few  minerals  from  Longwood,  the  residence  of 
the  Emperor  Napoleon. — R.  E. 


1  Massaits,  Sakuxl. 

Sample  of  coffee  grown  in  St.  Helena. 


2    AGBiciTLTnitAL  SociXTY  of  St.  Hblxka,  pet  Capt. 
BoLTOK,  18  WUUm  Street,  Bel^race  Square, 
A  box  of  raw  cotton. 

A  box  of  alkaU,  made  from  the  Salsola  plant. 
A  bar  of  rock  salt. 


3  Maontts,  Samtel,  127  Fenchmreh  Street, 

A  bag  of  coffee  from  St.  Helena. 


4         Blovsld,  John  Hasooubt,  4  Hemue  Place, 
Kinff't  Boad,  Chelsea — Producer. 

Larse  volcanic  stone  taken  from  the  wall  of  the  Em- 
peror Napoleon's  drawing-room.  Piece  of  stucco  from 
the  same  spot,  and  made  with  the  St.  Helena  Ume,  which 
is  different  to  the  European.  Presented  to  the  exhibitor 
by  Captain  Mason,  the  present  leaseholder  of  Longwood. 

Piece  of  limestone  from  the  top  of  a  hill  by  Sandy  Bay. 
Lime  from  the  kiln,  at  Sandy  Bay.  Stone  impregnated 
with  nitre,  from  the  Bed  Stone  Quarry,  by  James  Town. 
Nine  specimens  of  rocks. 

Six  petrified  shells,  <*  Bulimus,*'  now  extinct,  from  a 
stratum  1,700  feet  above  the  lerel  of  the  sea,  and  from  a 
spot  a  little  behind  Longwood.  Box,  containing  earth  in 
which  the  above  are  found.  Box,  containing  biids*  bones, 
which  abound  in  the  same  stratum.  Also  some  fragile 
shells  found  in  a  stratum  on  a  hill  above  the  *'  Briars,*' 
and  about  1,200  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea. 

Partially  petrified  birds'  eggs.  Similar  substances 
abound  in  the  stratum,  which  is  supposed  to  be  the 
remains  of  a  bed  of  earth,  which,  at  a  very  distant  date^ 
was  the  abode  of  numerous  aquatic  birds ;  and  that  this 
stratum  (portions  of  which  are  in  the  boxes  sent)  consists 
of  earth  saturated  with,  and  partlv  consisting  of^  the 
debris  of  their  eggs,  feathers,  dead  bodies,  nests,  the  re- 
mains of  the  animals  on  which  they  fed,  Sk,  In  St.  Helena, 
it  is  considered  that  the  white  substance  in  the  stratum 
ii  Uie  pulverised  remains  of  the  shells  "  Bulimus." 

Three  petrified  shells ;  bivalves.  Four  pieces  of  coral 
from  a  depth  of  380  feet,  but  within  4  feet  of  the  shore. 
Three  pieces  of  cement,  painted  black  on  the  surfitoe,  from 
the  interior  sarcophagus  of  Napoleon's  grave. 

Piece  of  the  willow  tree,  under  which  Napoleon  was 
buried ;  exhibited  as  a  vegetable  production  peculiar  to 
the  island. 

Snuff-boxes:  French  polished,  made  from  this  tree; 
varmshed,  to  show  the  wood  in  its  plain  state ;  and  made 
from  a  willow  tree  which  Napoleon  planted  behind  the 
hbraxy  at  Longwood. 

St.  Helena  cotton,  with  seeds.  Coffee  seeds  and  plums. 
Carraway  branches,  with  seeds.  One  reed.  Two  ex- 
crescences from  fir  trees  in  the  plantation  at  Longwood. 
Seeds  of  cow-grass.  A  capsicum.  Part  of  the  stem  of  a 
branch  of  ginger.  Small  branch  and  plums  of  the  banyan 
tree.  Stem  and  flower  of  the  sweet-smelling  geranium, 
from  the  Briars.    Two  sea-beans. 

Buds  and  flowers  of  the  "  red  wood  ;*•  the  flowers  grow 
in  pairs,  one  white,  the  other  crimson.  The  tree  is  in- 
digenous to  St.  Helena.  Three  small  pieces  of  Napoleon's 
ooflin,  made  of  this  wood. 

Leaves  and  embryo  fruit  of  the  sago  pine.  Branches  of 
the  "gum  wood"  (indigenous  to  St.  Helena)  from  the 
arenue  at  Longwood.  Modem  shells,  rarious.  A  num- 
ber of  the  St.  Helena  Oaxette,  and  of  Saul  Solomon's 
Shipping  List. 


[Official  Illusteatid  CATALOon.] 


4A 


MAUEITIUS. 
SODTB  Abba,  Q.  31. 
That  part  of  tho  natuml  history  of  a  country  which 
is  in  direct  rektion  with  commerce  is  generally  the 
most  universally  interesting,  and  thu  ohjecte  included 
in  this  collection  are  those  which  appear  as  ila  reprc- 
BentftUves  in  this  instance.  The  prodnction  of  taw 
silk  JB  engaging  mnch  attention  is  the  Mauritius,  tho 
natural  capabilities  of  the  hmd  and  climate  appearing 
favourable  to  its  prosecution.  Sugar,  cocoa-nuts,  rice, 
and  spices,  form  imjiortant  articles  of  the  commerce  of 
the  ifilajid,  in  addition  to  its  esport  of  ebqny.  Of 
BUgar,  a  few  years  since  this  island  exported  to  Eng- 
land nearly  seventy  million  poimde  inonoyear. — R.  E. 


1  Gbky,  The  Countaas. 

Basket  and  wreath  of  floncra  frma  the  S^hoUcs  lalauds, 
umdn  from  tha  lenvfs  of  tho  palm  of  the  S^hellee  (Ifiya 
/miicaiw),    A  neet  of  basIiotB. 


2        DcTOHT,  Even*,  Esq.,  Port  LouU — Producer. 

A  paciot  coulainiug  ecven  pounds  of  whit*  silt,  tho 
produce  of  the  isUod  of  Mauritius,  boia  silkivomiB  renred 
in  tho  diatrict  of  Tamaria. 

[The  quality  of  tho  silk  must  not  bo  taken  as  a  criterion, 
of  what  Mauritius  will  produce,  as  the  iDHoufiiclure  ia  iii 
its  infancy,  and  has  only  lately  b<wa  commenced.  About 
300  Borea  of  ground  have  been  planted  iu  the  caolcr 
districts  of  Mauritius  with  mulbcny  trees,  which  have 
WpidJy  grown  up  and  are  now  flt  for  uso.  A  company 
hw^  been  formed  in  Mauritiua  by  the  exertions  of  a  barrii^tfr 
and  phmter  there,  called  the  "  Filoturc  Evenor  Cenlralo." 
An  experienced  '*  tUcuae,"  Madame  Uoildieu,  has  been 
engaged  &Dm  the  neighbouring  ialaod  of  iiourbon,  and  ia 
now  giiing  inatruction  to  Tarioua  proprietora.  Soioo  ten 
persons  rear  norma  and  acnd  to  the  Company  regular 
Bupphes  of  coeoons,  and  eightj-seren  other  proprietora 
tinve  received  coeoons  and  mulberry  cuttinp  from  tho 
ComjHkny.  It  is  considered  that  this  manufacture  will 
flouriali  and  in<Tcnae  rapidly  in  tlie  island,  and  form 
eventually  an  important  branch  of  trade,  the  climate  and 
the  Boil  being  peculiarly  suitable  to  the  profitable  rearing 


of  the  silkworm.  From  Bourbon  it  is  Mated  thai 
was  Bcot  to  Paris  of  such  Goe  quality  aa  to  fetch 
&nnos  per  kilogramme,  or  about  2/.  4t.  the  pound,  j 

3         Webb,  Chaklxs  Jomr,  London — Importer. 

A  bag  of  Mauritius  aupsr,  the  produce  and  mano 
ture  of  the  Phrxnii  ostatf,  obtained  direct  &om  tbe  su^ 
eane  eipressed  in  a  horiiontal  mfn  ■  |]ie  juiee  dan 
by  at^m;  evaporated  to  STBeaumur  in  annnum  opcni 
pans  ;  fllterod  through  bags  and  anibud  charcoal ;  bo 
in  a  Eoward'a  vacuum-pan.  This  sugar  ia  asMl  oM 
been  na-boilod,  re-made,  or  nfGned  in  any  way, 
sugar,  without  the  admiiture  <n  bafkn 


r  the  employni 


t        The   Eoval  SocisTr  of  N^ithkal  "miwiowt 
Maubitits    (Imported    by    A.     BrtXlM,    '. 
Leadenhall  Street). 
Coses  of  atraw  baskets,  rice,  liqueur*,  and  coooB-i 

il ;  a  bag  of  cloves,  a  dial,  and  a  CBsk  of  coooa-nota. 


;  BiLKFiELD  &  Co.,  on  bohalf  of  Mad.  E.  Cftii 
and  Mdllea.  OAXCorsr  (Importers  H«ns. 
Baebb  &  Co.,  London). 
Works  and  omamenta  in  straw,  nude  oo  the  Secbel 
Bouquets  in  shell-work ;  baskets  made  of  leaves  of  i 
ocoa  1  vaaea,  dials,  &c. 


Q  Mellos,  M. 

Small  casks  of  oocoa-nut  oiL  Wooda  fbund  on  I 
S^hclles.     Speeimens  of  B«a  eoeoa-nuta. 

A  case  of  ehaice  liqueurs,  in  12  bottles,  from  the  mai 
taetory  of  M.  Eug.  B^chon. 


7  Beadeb,  J.  S. 

A  caao  containing  samples  of  Hauritius  rioe,  Erown 
the  "  Champ  de  Mars,  Port  Louis,  nusod  without  s 
irrigation  or  other  watering.  The  aat^k  cootainiiij:  I 
sample  is  made  of  the  leavts  of  the  Vacooa  tne  {Orj 
stttiFa),  (he  ordinaty  package  of  the  colony  for  ao^ 
Tho  soil  very  dn',  and  exposed  to  high  and  ^ring  wim 
Rico  of  this  kind  is  aaid  to  poaaess  flavour  and  &iuiac« 
quality,  at  least  equal  to  that  exhibited  in  Carolina  rice 

A  variety  of  ornamental  basket  work  tetnn  the  : 
chcllea,    A  Coro-ifs-nipr.    Sample  of  cloves,  ic. 


IV. 

BRITISH   POSSESSIONS 
m  KMERIGA. 


CANADA.— NEW  BRUNSWICK.— NOVA  SCOTIA. 

NEWFOUNDLAND.—  BEIIMDDAW. 

WEST  INDIES.— BRITISH  QUIANA.— FALKLAND  ISLANDS. 


EioHT  dspendeDciefl  of  Oieat  Brit«n  are  enumerated  onder  this  head.  Of  thew,  the  meet  exteniivo  oolIectdMi 
(rf  articles  is  that  from  the  important  poeBewions  of  this  oonntry  in  Canada.  This  collection,  which  ia  more 
particularly  characterieed  below,  is  rich  in  raw  materials  and  products.  The  other  dependenciea  named  are 
repre«euted  but  by  few  exhibitors ;  but  the  articles  exhibited  dcaervo  the  atteutiOD  of  all  interested  in  tho 
commercial  well-being  of  the  countries  and  islands  represented. — U.  E. 


CANADA. 

Booth  Axus,  L.  M.  31,  and  N.  O.  SI,  3Z. 
Tms  vast  and  important  territorj  is  represented  in  the 
Exhibition  by  about  two  hundred  and  twenty  exhi- 
bitors. The  articles  contributed  by  it  are  distributed 
anion);  several  Classes,  but  the  raw  materials  prepon- 
derate ;  and  of  these  a  liit;h!y-ins tractive  eenes  ia  pre- 
sented. The  efforts  which  have  been  made  by  the 
Oovermnent  at  home  to  develop  the  mineral  wealth  of 
this  colony  have  been  amply  rewarded  by  the  success 
which  hs^  attended  the  explorers,  and  tho  results 
which  in  some  measure  are  brought  to  notice  in  the 
Exhibition.  A  detailed  account  of  the  geological  survey 
and  its  fruits  will  be  found  in  this  Catalogue,  Many 
of  the  minerals  exhibited  must  take  an  important  com- 
mercial position  on  their  locality  and  means  of  transport 
becoming  known  and  developed.  Among  other  and  in 
rcaiity_  more  precious  metals,  the  discovery  of  gold  in 
the  drift  of  the  Eastern  Townships  along  the  south- 
east side  of  thcGrccn  Mountain  range  will  bo  regarded 
with  curiosity.  Some  line  specimens  are  exhibited, 
one  of  which  weighs  about  a  quarter  of  a  pound. 
Co[^r  premises  to  bo  more  available  for  direct  com- 
mercuil  purposes,  and  a  cake  of  this  metal  is  sent  for 
exhibition.  In  thia  instance  the  ore  has  been  smelted 
in  Canada.  A  still  more  important  mineral  is  the 
specular  iron  ore,  of  which  a  most  valuable  and  im- 
portant bed  exists  near  the  waters  of  the  Ottawa,  with 
abundant  sources  of  water  jiowct,  and  ready  means  of 
transport.  Host  excellent  iron  is  obtained  from  the 
bog-iron  ore,  wood  charcoal  being  employed  in  its 
manufacture :  it  is  comparable  in  its  qualities  with 
Swedish  iron ;  and  tho  stonea  and  cast-iron  work 
made  from  it  are  less  liable  to  crack  than  those  made 
in  this  country.  In  addition  to  metalliferous  minerals, 
the  serpentine  and  steatite,  plumbago,  asbestos,  and 
lithographic  stones,  promise  to  become  valuable  sources 
of  native  wealth.   Of  these  fine  specimens  are  exhibited. 


The  Canadian  Umber,  represented  by  tho  csreTully- 
arronged  Trophy  in  the  centre  of  the  Western  Main 
Avenue,  is  scarcely  less  interesting  to  the  natuialist 
and  merchant  than  tho  minerals.  Tho  excellent 
qualities  of  this  timber  for  useful  and  ornamental 
purposes  are  illustrated  in  tho  specimens  of  furniture 
exhibited.  The  great  futtocks  for  shiji-building, 
yielded  by  the  tamarisk  tree,  are  likewise  interesting. 
Timber  constitutes  a  very  prominent  feature  in  the 
export  comrnerce  of  the  country  j  the  white  and  rod 

Sine,  the  black  walnut,  maple,  cedar,  beech,  and 
utter-nut,  are  among  the  more  important.  Among 
other  articles  of  vegetable  origin,  tho  canoe,  made  of 
the  bark  of  the  white  birch,  will  be  regordod  with 
interest.  This  fragile  vessel  baa  in  safety  made  a 
voyage  of  three  thousand  mile*,  carrying  a  crew  of 
twenty  pasaengeni,  with  their  provision  and  other 


The  agricnlturo  of  the  country  ia  largely  represented. 
The  specimens  which  appeal  m  thia  capacity  are  in 
themselves  without  general  intcreat,  consisting  of  such 
articles  as  faarrelH  uf  wheat,  flour.  Sic. ;  but  regarded 
in  connection  with  the  jiroductive  resource*  of  the 
rountry  from  whence  they  have  proceeded,  they  aro 
not  behind  more  pleasing  objects  in  their  value  and 
attraction.  The  Canadian  winter  pastime  of  sleighing 
is  illustrated  by  the  elegant  single  and  double  steigha 
sent  to  the  Exhibition.  Among  the  manufactures  of 
another  kind  are  specimens  of  dressed  porpoise-skin 
and  whale-skin,  empIoyc<l  as  a  substitute  for  leather 
with  advantage.  In  a  comparatively  new  country  like 
Canada,  tho  manufacturing  arte  are  atitl  in  an  early 
stage  of  their  development.  At  present  her  supplies 
of  colonial  produce  and  manufactures  are  derived  from 
the  mother-country :  the  speciniensof  domestic  manu- 
facture sent  over  to  the  Exhibition  show  the  progrest 
Canada  is  making  in  those  arts ;  whilst  the  develop- 
ment of  her  great  national  resources  ia  the  first  aim 
of  her  inhabitants.  It  is  not,  thenfore,  to  be  expected 
4  A  2 


958 


CANADA. 


[Ck>L0STE8  A 


that  much  attention  can  be  given  to  arts  that  are  yet 
in  their  infancy.  Still  the  specimens  sent  will  convey 
to  the  English  artisan  an  idea  of  the  field  there  is  for 
the  exercise  of  his  calling.  The  blankets,  horse-cloths, 
and  grey  etoffe  dupay,  will  bear  comparison  with  those 
of  any  country. 

Among  other  miscellaneous  objects,  a  piano,  manu- 
factured of  Canadian  woods,  specially  fitted  to  endure 
the  changes  induced  by  the  vast  change  of  temperature 
in  this  country,  will  be  regarded  with  attention,  as 
will  also  a  church  bell  forwarded  from  Montreal.  A 
very  prominent  object  exhibited  is  a  handsome  fire- 
engine  of  great  power.  The  alarming  nature  of  tl^e 
conflagrations  occasionally  breaking  out  in  Montreal 
renders  the  possession  of  powerful  means  of  extinguish- 
ing them  highly  necessary.  This  engine  is  capable  of 
throwing  two  streams  of  water  to  a  height  of  160  feet 
each.  A  number  of  native  curiosities  adds  to  the 
value  of  this  collection. — R.  E. 


1      LoGAV,  W.  E.  (Director  of  Provincial  Geological 

Survey) — Montreal. 

SpecimenB  of  magnetic  specular  and  bog-iron  ores : — 

Ihnenite  and  titwiferous  iron. 

Sulphurets  of  zinc,  lead,  copper,  nickel,  and  molyb- 
denum. 

Native  silver  and  gold. 

Bog  manganese. 

Iron  pyrites. 

TJran  ochre. 

Cobalt  bloom. 

Chromic  iron. 

Dolomite  and  magnesite. 

Iron  ochres,  barytee,  and  other  stone  paints. 

Lithographic  stone. 

Agate,  jasper,  Labradorite,  and  ribboned  chert. 

A^iite  quartzose  sandstone,  for  gloss-making. 

Soap-stone,  asbestos,  plumbago. 

Phosphate  of  lime,  gypsimi,  and  shell  marl. 

Millstone  rock,  whetstones,  and  TripoU  earth. 

Hoofing  slates,  granite,  serpentine  and  various  qualities 
of  marble  and  limestone. 

Peat  petroleum  and  mineral  pitch. 

[The  variety  and  importance  of  the  minerals  of  Canada 
claim  a  more  extensive  notice  than  can  usually  be  given. 
They  have  but  recently  become  known ;  and  with  a  view  to 
promote  a  collection  of  them  for  the  purposes  of  the 
Exhibition,  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Canada 
Commission,  last  year,  prepared  a  catalogue  showing  the 
locaUties  of  many  of  them ;  and  from  this,  and  the  various 
published  reports  of  the  progress  of  the  Canada  G^logical 
Survey,  which  has  now  been  in  operation  under  provincial 
authority  for  seven  years,  much  information  may  be 
obtained.  The  country  abounds  in  the  ores  of  iron, 
consisting  of  the  magnetic  and  specular  oxides,  and  the 
hydrated  peroxide  or  bog  ore.  The  first  occurs  chiefly 
in  a  formation  consisting  of  gneiss  intcrstratified  with 
important  bands  of  highly  crystalline  limestone,  and  the 
formation  sweeps  through  the  province  fix>m  Lake  Huron 
to  Labrador,  keeping,  at  a  variable  distance,  north  fi*om 
the  left  bank  of  the  river  St.  Lawrence  and  its  lakes* 
crossing  the  river  at  the  Thousand  Islands  only,  below 
Kingston,  to  form  a  junction  with  a  great  peninsular- 
shaped  area  of  the  same,  occupying  a  mountainous  region 
in  northern  New  York,  between  Lakes  Champlain  and 
Ontario.  The  ore  appears  to  he  in  beds  running  with 
the  stratification  usually  highly  inclined,  and  the  beds 
occasionally  attain  a  great  thickness.  A  bed  which  is 
now  worked  in  the  township  of  Marmora,  and  of  the  iron 
resulting  from  which  samples  have  been  sent,  presents  a 
breadth  of  100  feet  j  another,  the  ore  of  which  has  been 


mined  and  smelted  in  Madoc,  has  been  tnoed  seve 
miles  ?rith  a  breadth  of  25  feet;  on  Myers'  Lake, 
South  Sherbrooke,  there  is  a  60-feet  bed;  in  Sonfth  Grad 
a  bed  200  feet  in  width  comes  upon  Uie  Bidesa  Cu 
where  it  is  not  fiur  removed  from  great  water-power ;  a 
in  Hull  there  is  a  40-feet  bed  at  no  great  diatanoe  b\ 
the  navigable  water  of  the  river  Ottawa.  From  aD  tlh 
localities,  and  others,  specimens  have  been  oontanbuted,  a 
the  produce  of  the  ore  in  pure  metal  generally  rmget  fri 
60  to  70  per  cent.;  that  of  South  Sherbrooke  ia  68»  and 
Hull  69  per  cent.  Where  the  mineral  has  been  aeCed 
by  the  weather,  it  frequently  breaks  up  with  &eQity  ii 
grains  related  to  the  forms  of  the  crystab  of  the  nu^ne 
iron  ore,  and  may  be  easily  groond  and  seprated  frt 
earthy  impurities  by  means  of  a  mafdiiiie  in  wfaidi  1 
action  of  the  magnet  ii  made  available.  A  portion  oft 
Hull  bed  is  in  this  condition;  and  of  this  bedever^fiitbt 
in  length  by  a  fiithom  in  vertical  depth,  taking  the  bread 
at  one-half  only  of  what  it  appears  to  bo,  would  prodi 
between  50  and  60  tons  of  pure  metaL  Wood  fijr  fod 
in  abundance  near  aU  the  localities. 

Specular  iron  ore  appears  to  belong  to  the  aanie  geol 
gical  formation;  and  a  valuable  and  important  bed  of 
occurs  in  the  township  of  Macnab.  It  is  25  leet  tkii 
and  containing  68  per  cent,  of  pore  iron,  the  produce 
the  bed  would  not  be  under  50  tons  of  metal  fijr  eve 
&thom  forward  by  a  £ithom  vertical ;  bat  though  will 
a  mile  of  the  navigable  water  of  the  Ottawa,  vhc 
steam-boats  daily  pass,  and  but  800  or  400  yards  remov 
from  a  cascade  on  the  river  Doi^iart,  giving  ample  wati 
power  to  drive  machinery,  the  bed  has  never  been  toocb 
for  available  purposes.  Specular  iron  ore  oocnrB  also  out 
north  shore  of  Lake  Huron;  but  it  ia  here  in  a  feraiBti 
which  succeeds  the  gneiss,  consisting  of  qoarts  lock,  shi 
and  trap,  and  is  noted  as  belonging  to  part  of  the  ooppi 
bearing  region  of  the  province. 

Bog-iron  ore  exists  in  large  quantitieB  in  both  aectio 
of  the  province.  Li  Western  Canada  it  prevails  in  t 
county  of  Norfolk,  where  it  has  been  used  to  supply  t 
wants  of  the  Norman  dale  Lron- works.  It  occors  in  ma 
places  in  the  valley  of  the  Ottawa,  and  speamens  ci 
have  been  sent  from.  Yaudreuil,  Stanbridge,  Simptc 
Bivi^re  du  Chdne,  St.  Maurice,  Portneuf^  St.  Yalher,  aa 
other  parts,  where  in  general  it  yields  upwards  of  60  ; 
cent,  of  pure  metaL  That  of  Yaudreuil,  within  a  she 
distance  of  the  navigable  water  of  the  Ottawa,  yiekb 
analysis  76*95  per  cent,  of  peroxide  of  iron,  equal  to  < 
per  cent,  of  pure  metal,  and  the  deposit  is  represented 
be  four  feet  thick.  At  the  Forges  of  St.  Maurice,  nc 
Three  Rivers,  this  species  of  ore  has  been  used  i 
upwards  of  half  a  century  in  the  manufscture  of  iro 
The  cast  stoves  from,  it  bear  a  high  character  through  t 
countiy,  being  less  liable  to  crack  than  the  imported  one 
and  specimens  of  the  wrought  iron  produced  there  ha 
been  sent  to  the  Exhibition.  The  quality  of  the  met 
wood  charcoal  being  the  only  friel  used,  bears  a  compai 
son  with  that  of  Sweden,  and  it  is  to  compete  with  ti 
that  it  is  manufactured. 

The  geological  formation  which  abounds  in  magnet 
yields  also  titaniferous  iron,  the  composition  of  whkh, 
St.  Urbwn,  in  Bay  St  Paul,  below  Quebec,  is — 

Oxide  of  titanium  ....  48-00 
Protoxide  of  iron  ....  37*06 
Peroxide  of  iron  ....  10*42 
Magnesia 3*60 

99*68 


DSPE5DEHCIK8.] 


CANADA. 


959 


TUs  remit  u  seiuibljr  the  same  m  that  obtamod  by  Bose 
lor  the  titaniiSBious  iron  ore  firom  Ilmeiise,  in  the  Urals,  to 
whidi  he  has  giren  the  name  of  Iknenite.    One  of  the 
massea  is  90  feet  wide  by  a  visible  length  of  800  feet ;  in 
some  parts  it  consists  of  an  admixture  of  ilmenite  and 
mtile;  and  if  the  consumption  of  the  compounds  of 
titaiiinm  in  the  arts  should  increase,  the  localities  of  Bay 
St.  Paol  might  be  made  to  furnish    an  inexhaustible 
flippy,  l^taniferous  iron  ore  occurs  also  on  the  south  side 
of  the  St.  Lawrence,  in  what  are  termed  the  Eastern 
Townahipa,  through  which  runs  a  continuation  of  the 
Greoi  Kountains  of  Vermont.    The  prolongation  of  this 
rao^  into  Omada  ia  composed  of  rooks  belonging  to  the 
lower  Silurian  age^  and  there  presents  a  crystalline  con- 
ditaon  from  the  metamorphic  action  of  he«t,  displaying 
diloritio  and  talcose  slates,  serpentine  and  other  magnesian 
forms :  beds  of  iron  ore,  in  general  more  or  less  magnetic, 
are  finequently  refpmted  among  them  by  undulations; 
they  prerail  in  the  townships  of  St.  Armand,  Sutton,  and 
Brome,  where  many  occur  rarying  in  breadth  from  2 
to  16  feet,  and  in  produce  of  pure  iron  from  20  to 
50  per  cent.    One  of  46  feet  width,  occurring  in  serpen- 
tine, in  the  aeignory  of  Bigaud  Yaudreuil  Beauoe,  is  a 
mechanical  mixture  of  about  two-thirds  magnetic  iron, 
and  one-third  ilmenite ;  and  when  the  ore  is  reduced  to 
a  powder  these  are  readily  separable  from  one  another  by 
means  of  a  magnet.    But  in  general  those  beds  which 
ooeor  in  the  chloritic  slate  of  St.  Armand,  Sutton,  and 
Brome^  contain  a  TariaMe  but  much  smaller  proportion 
of  titanic  iron ;  and  several  of  them  haye  been  mined,  and 
their  ores  adTantageously  transported,  by  land  distances 
of  80  and  40  miles,  to  smelting  establishments  in  the 
State  of  Yermont,  for  the  manufacture  of  iron.    Though 
wood  abounds  in  the  district,  none  of  the  ores  hare  been 
turned  to  smelting  purposes  in  Canada. 

Lead  ore  is  met  with  in  sereral  parts  of  the  proTince. 
It  occurs  in  reins,  cutting  the  stratified  gneiss  and  lime- 
atone  already  mentioned,  where  the  Tcins  intersect  the 
calcareous  part  of  the  formation,  and  }p.  this  relation  it 
exists  in  Bedford,  Bastard,  and  Fitzroy.  In  Bedford 
aereral  of  these  reins,  varying  in  breadth  from  two  to 
four  feet,  hare  been  tried,  and  small  pits  sunk  upon  them; 
but  none  of  the  mines  are  at  present  in  operation.  Ilie 
ore  occurs  also  in  the  succeeding  formation,  associated 
with  copper,  on  the  Canadian  shores  of  Lake  Superior; 
and  in  Gasp^  it  is  met  with  in  Indian  Core  in  transrerse 
reins,  catting  a  still  more  calcareous  deposit  of  the  upper 
Silurian  age.  Aa  this  rock  is  supposed  to  be  the  equira- 
lent  of  the  great  lead-bearing  formation  of  Wisconsin, 
galena  may  probably  be  expected,  where  the  rock  is  found 
in  a  disturbed  condition  in  Canada,  and  cut  by  disloca- 
tions, thereby  affording  an  opportunity  for  the  occurrence 
of  lodes.  The  rock  presents  these  conditions  in  Qaapd, 
but  it  has  hitherto  been  but  little  examined.  With  the 
exception  of  some  of  the  specimens  from  Lake  Superior, 
aalrer  has  not  been  found  to  accompany  the  lead  ore. 

Zinc  ore  occurs,  associated  with  copper  and  silrer,  on 
Lake  Superior;  but  the  quantity  mot  rrith  has  not  yet 
been  sufBcient  to  promise  a  profitable  return. 

Belonging  to  a  formation  which  is  interposed  between 
the  lower  Silurian  rocks  and  the  gneiss,  an  extensire 
copper  region  occurs  in  Canada.  From  the  boundaiy  of 
the  prorinee  at  Pigeon  Rirer,  it  ranges  along  the  northern 
and  eastern  shores  of  Lake  Superior,  and  the  north  shore 
of  Lake  Huron,  for  a  distance  exceeding  400  miles.  On 
Spar  Island,  in  Prince's  Location,  a  4i-feet  lode,  holding 
ritreoua  copper  in  a  gangne  of  calc-spar,  barytes,  and 


amethystine  quarts,  cuts  clay  slates  overlaid  by  green- 
stone trap,  and  yields,  on  the  arerage,  about  7  per  cent, 
of  pure  metaL    On  sereral  islands  of  the  Archipelago* 
which  separates  Neepigon  Bay  from  the  main  body  of 
Lake  Superior,  native  copper  occurs ;  and  on  St.  Ignace 
Island,  which  is  the  largest  of  them,  a  rein  of  about  2  feet, 
running  with  the  stratification,  has  been  traced  the  whole 
length  of  the  island.  Fine  specimens  of  natire  copper  were 
obtained  by  sinking  a  shaft  on  this  lode.    Many  of  these 
specimens  were  beautifully  ciystallixed ;  ritreous  copper 
often  accompanying  the  natire.  Natire  copper  occurs  also 
in  Michipiooten  Island ;  and  the  formation  of  this  island, 
and  of  the  islands  of  the  Neepigon  archipelago,  consisting 
of  greenstone  and  amygdaloidal  trap,  interstratified  with 
sandstone  and  conglomerate,  is  in  erery  respect  the  same 
as  that  of  the  CUff't  and  other  mines  on  the  south  side  of 
the  lake,  celebrated  for  the  large  masses  of  natire  copper 
which  they  hare  produced.    At  Mica  Bay  and  Mamainse^ 
the  vitreous  and  yellow  sulphurets,  as  well  as  the  native 
copper,  have  been  obtained.    On  the  north  shore  of  Lake 
Huron  the  prevailing  description  of  copper  ore  is  the 
yellow  sulphuret,  and  the  veinstone  ia  usually  quarts. 
The  prevailing  rocks  of  the  country  are  greenstone  trap, 
slate,  and  quarts  rock,  interstratified  with  one  another ; 
and  it  is  in  places  where  the  lodes  cut  the  greenstone 
that  they  become  most  productive,  while  they  are  least  so 
in  the  quarts  rock.    Although  lodes  exist  in  several  parts, 
it  is  only  those  of  the  Bruce  mines  that  have  been  worked 
to  any  extent.    In  July,  1848,  on  a  close  examination  of 
the  lodes  by  the  geological  survey,  a  length  of  800  fathoms, 
with  a  depth  of  10  fathoms  and  a  breadth  of  4  feet,  gave  an 
average  of  6|  per  cent,  of  available  pure  metal ;  and  1,476 
tons  of  vein  stuff  on  the  surfece,  as  it  had  come  from  the 
lode,  then  sampled,  gave  8  per  cent.    The  ore  has  some- 
tunes  been  dressed  to  28  per  cent.,  and  generally  to  between 
15  and  20  per  cent.,  at  which  produces  several  hundreds  of 
tons  have  been  sent  to  Boston ;  and  200  tons,  of  15f  per 
cent.,  intended  for  Swansea,  are  now  in  Montreal   Smelt- 
ing works  have  been  established  at  the  Bruce  mines,  and 
a  cargo  of  tough  cake  copper  shipped  to  the  United  States, 
one  of  the  cakes  of  which  has  been  sent  to  the  Exhibition 
as  a  sample.    The  furnaces  are  of  the  rererberatory  de- 
scription, and  the  fuel  used  is  bituminous  coal,  obtained 
at  Cleveland,  on  Lake  Erie.  Wood  abounds  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  mines. 

The  yellow  sulphuret  of  copper  occurs  at  the  Wallace- 
mine  location,  near  White  Fish  Biver,  to  the  eastward  of 
the  Bruce  mines,  in  thin  strings,  supposed  to  be  leaders 
to  some  main  lode  not  yet  discovered ;  and  these  are 
worthy  of  notice,  from  the  feet  that  sulphuret  of  nickel 
accompanies  the  copper,  disseminated  in  patches,  and  the 
nickeliferous  part  of  the  ore,  when  freed  from  earthy  im- 
purities, is  found  to  contain  18  per  cent  of  pure  nickel ; 
traces  of  cobalt  accompanying  the  nickeL 

Copper  ore  occurs  in  the  metamorphic  rocks  of  the 
Eastern  Townships  in  Upton,  associated  with  silver,  and  in 
Ascott  with  silver  and  gold ;  but  the  quantity  does  not 
yet  appear  in  any  instance  to  hold  out  mu<^  prospect  of 
a  profit.  Silver  is  associated  with  the  native  copper  of 
Michipicoton  and  St.  Ignace  Islands.  Native  silver  is 
also  mot  with  in  small  quantity  accompanying  the  vitreous 
copper  of  Spar  Island,  on  Prince's  Location  ;  and  there 
is  present  also  with  it  a  trace  of  gold :  cobalt  occurs 
with  them  in  small  quantity,  in  the  form  of  cobalt  bloom. 
The  lode  on  this  location  can  be  traced  from  the  island 
to  the  main  shore,  and  it  then  gives  larger  indications  of 
silver,  which  is  occasionally  met  with,  associated  with 


960 


CANADA. 


[Coi/>2nz8  i 


II 


blende,  in  tliin  leaves,  following  the  cleavage  joints  and 
other  crevicee  in  the  caleareouB  spar  of  the  gangue.  A 
pocket  of  this  description,  containing  about  4  cwt.  of  good 
ore,  gave  an  average  produce  of  31  per  cent.,  or  72  lbs.  of 
pure  silver  to  the  ton  of  rock,  and  the  commercial  value 
of  the  ore  in  London  was  given  as  330i.  per  ton.  Want 
of  capital  has  prevented  the  present  proprietors  from  pro- 
secuting their  researches ;  but  samples  of  the  ore,  and 
silver  smelted  from  it,  are  exhibited. 

Native  gold  exists  in  the  drift  of  the  Eastern  Townships, 
along  the  south-eastern  side  of  the  Ghreen  Mountain  range. 
Its  presence  has  been  ascertained,  by  the  investigations  of 
the  geological  survey  of  the  province,  over  an  area  compris- 
ing between  3,000  and  4,000  square  miles,  with  a  breadth 
of  about  40  miles,  from  the  seignory  of  St.  Mary  on  the 
Chaudifere  to  within  6  miles  of  the  province  line  on  the 
Kennebec  road,  and  a  length  of  90  miles,  from  Etchemin 
Lake,  in  Cranboume,  to  the  vicinity  of  LennoxviUe.  It 
appears  to  bo  very  generally  disseminated  in  the  day  and 
gravel  of  the  district,  but  so  thin  as  to  promise  little, 
except  in  occasional  patches,  where  the  drift  having  been 
washed  by  the  action  of  various  streams,  which  have  worn 
their  channels  in  it,  the  metal  has  been  concentrated,  and 
remains  caught  by  the  cleavage  joints  and  various  cracks 
and  crevices  of  the  clay  slates  which  form  the  country. 
The  locaUties  where  smaU  quantities  have  been  met  with  are 
too  numerous  to  be  mentioned ;  but  selected  specimens 
frx)m  the  workings  of  the  Chaudi^re  Mining  Company,  on 
the  Touflfe  des  Pins,  in  the  seignory  of  Rigaud  Vaudreuil 
Beauce,  have  been  sent  to  the  Exhibition,  weighing  from  a 
few  grains  to  a  quarter  of  a  pound,  and  smaller  pieces  frt)m 
other  localities  from  the  museum  of  the  geological  survey. 

The  rocks  and  minerals  in  the  range  of  the  Green 
Mountains,  flanking  this  auriferous  deposit,  are  such  as 
are  usually  met  with  in  other  coimtries  where  gold  occurs ; 
and  one  among  the  minerals  is  chromic  iron.  Beds  of 
this,  of  12  to  14  inches  thick,  exist  in  serpentine,  in  Bolton 
and  Ham,  and  yield  45  to  60  per  cent,  of  oxide  of  chro- 
mium. Specimens  of  the  ore  are  exhibited  from  both 
locaUties. 

Important  veins  of  iron  pyrites  occur  in  the  seignory  of 
Terbome  and  that  of  La  Norraye  and  Dautraye.  Wad, 
or  bog  manganese,  is  met  with  in  several  parts  of  the 
Eastern  Townships,  and  traces  of  uranium  in  Madoc. 

Many  of  the  rocks  and  earthy  minerals  are  worthy  of 
attention  as  commercially  valuable.  A  pure  white  dolo- 
mite, with  45  per  cent,  of  carbonate  of  magnesia,  exists  in 
great  abundance  on  Mazinaw  Lake  and  in  various  parts  of 
the  Bathurst  district  in  Western  Canada,  from  which 
specimens  are  exhibited  from  Burgess  and  Blythfield.  It 
exists  also  in  the  Eastern  Townships  of  Lower  Canada ; 
but  it  is  there  associated  with  the  more  important  rock 
magnesite,  serving  the  same  purposes,  and  containing  83 
per  cent,  of  the  carbonate  of  magnesia.  This  is  found  in 
large  quantities  in  the  townships  of  Sutton  and  Bolton. 
Of  stone  paints,  barytes  occurs  in  largo  quantity  in  veins 
on  Lake  Superior,  and  in  smaller  in  Bedford  and 
Bathurst ;  and  there  exists  a  great  abundance  of  iron 
ochres,  giving  various  beautiful  tints,  allied  to  Sienna 
brown.  Of  these  there  are  contributions  from  five  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  lower  province.  Lithographic  stone, 
in  beds  of  1  to  2  feet  tliick,  is  found  at  Marmora,  and  ap- 
pears to  range  all  the  way  to  Rama  on  Lake  Simcoe,  a 
distance  of  70  miles.  Stones  of  all  ordinary  sizes  might 
be  obtained,  but  no  quarry  has  yet  been  opened  on  the 
beds.  The  specimens  contributed  are  from  Marmora, 
and  the  largest  is  24  by  16  inches  and  3  inches  thick. 


Of  materials  used  for  jewellery,  agates  aboand  on  I 
Superior,  on  the  islands  of  the  Neepigon  archipelago, 
Michipicoten  island ;  a  6-feet  bed  of  jasper  oocnis  at  S 
brooke,  and  jasper  pebbles  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Snpc 
and  in  Onsp6,  Two  beautifrd  descriptions  of  omame 
stone,  which  have  been  called  perthite  and  peristerit 
Dr.  Thompson,  but  appear  to  be  species  of  lafaradorite 
aventurine,  occur  in  Bathurst.  White  q[iiartioee  m 
stone,  fit  for  glass-making,  exists  in  various  parts  of 
province,  and  glass  is  manufactured  from  it  at  Yaodi 
and  St.  John.  Plumbago  is  met  with  in  veins  of  a  w> 
able  size  at  Qrenville;  asbestos  in  abundance  in  ] 
housie ;  and  large  beds  of  pure  soapstone  prevail  in 
Eastern  Townships  in  Ponton  and  Bolton.  Its  t» 
and  refractory  nature  render  it  well  adapted  for  fun 
linings,  stoves,  baking-stones,  and  other  forms  into  w] 
it  is  manufactured  in  the  neighbouring  states; 
though  it  is  imported  into  Canada  in  yarions  ahapes,  i 
of  the  native  quarries  are  yet  resorted  to  for  eoonc 
purposes,  with  the  exception  of  its  triplication  as 
warmers  for  winter  journeys.  The  material  being  a  i 
conductor,  a  slab  of  it  heated,  enveloped  in  a  blanket 
placed  in  the  bottom  of  a  sledge  under  the  foet,  wiQ 
sure  a  comfortable  degree  of  warmth  to  the  traveller  I 
long  distance. 

The  province  is  not  deficient  in  mineral  mann 
Phosphate  of  lime  occurs  in  large  dystala,  thickly 
seminated  in  carbonate  of  lime,  in  extensive  bedi 
Burgess,  from  which  several  specimens  are  eihibi 
and  in  Westmeath  and  HulL  Gypsum  pievails  id 
conical  masses  of  acres  in  extent,  in  a  fonnation  wl 
runs  along  the  course  of  the  Gbnnd  River  finom  Cayug 
Dumfries,  and  is  mined  in  various  places :  groimd 
various  mills  it  constitutes  a  considerable  aitide  of  ti 
for  sgricultural  purposes.  Large  blocks  are  exhib 
from  four  locaUties  in  the  valley  of  the  Grand  Bi 
Shell  marl  is  a  very  abimdant  production  in  numei 
parts  of  both  sections  of  the  province.  It  occurs  in 
bottoms  of  ancient  and  of  existing  firesh-water  lakes, 
being  a  result  from  comminuted  shells,  is  a  neariy  \ 
carbonate  of  lime.  In  four  or  five  small  lakes  near ! 
Carlisle,  on  the  Bay  Chaleur,  it  is  composed  of  the 
careous  remains  of  microscopic  testacea;  and,beiiigas 
and  white  as  flour,  it  has  been  purchased  bj  chemisti 
their  purposes. 

Various  rocks  of  the  country,  such  as  granite 
whitish  trap,   and  beds  of  silicious  conglomerate  h 
formation  called  the  Potsdam  sandstone,   afford  ns 
millstones,  which  are  in  use  in  many  parts  of  the  ] 
vince.    A  rock  called  the  gray  band,  at  the  top  of 
lower  Silurian  group,  gives  grindstones   in  Esquee; 
and  other  parts,  and  whetstones  have  been  manu&cti 
from  bands  of  talcose  slate  in  Madoc,  Stanstead,  Hal 
and  Shipton.     Tripoli  earth,  resulting  from  a  sihr 
infusorial  deposit,  is  obtained  from  the  seignory  of 
Norraye  and  Dautraye,  and  from  the  day  clifis  in 
vicinity  of  Montmorency.        Roofing  slatos  have  I 
quarried  in  Frampton,  and  they  occur  in  still  untouc 
ground  in  Kingsey  and  Halifax,  and  in  great  abund^ 
on  the  Riviere  du  Loup  above  its  junction  ^-ith 
Chaudi^ro.     Good  flagstones  abound  in  the  viciniti 
Toronto  and  in  the  Eastern  Townships.     The  chief  ] 
of  the  building  stones  of  the  province  are  of  a  calcan 
quaUty,    and   they  liave  been  extensively   used   in 
construction  of  the  locks  of  its  various  sliip  and  be 
canals  and  the  best  houses  of  the  principal  cities, 
the  western  port  of  the  province,  what  is   geologic 


Dkpehdbnodis.] 


CANADA. 


961 


eiDad  the  ooniifiBfOtis  limestone  formation,  yields  good 
•tone  at  Amherst.  The  Niagara  limestone,  running 
from  the  great  fidls  of  that  name  by  the  upper  end 
of  Lake  Ontario  to  Cabot's  Head  and  the  Manitoulin 
Tslands,  has  been  extensively  worked  at  Thorold  for 
the  purposes  of  the  WoUand  Canal,  and  some  of  the 
structures  of  Toronto.  Beneath  this  limestone  the 
sandstone  of  the  gray  band,  already  mentioned,  affords 
excellent  building  stone  at  Hamilton.  To  the  eastward, 
the  Trenton  limestone  yields  good  building  material  from 
Lake  Simcoe  to  Kingston,  and  from  Brockyille  to  Yau- 
dreoiL  The  same  formation  is  resorted  to  from  Bytown 
to  Montreal,  where  it  has  been  rery  extensively  used  for 
the  best  edifices  of  the  city ;  and  it  is  also  available  in 
many  parts  between  Montreal  and  Quebec.  A  sandstone, 
whidi  underlies  this,  geologically  designated  the  Potsdam 
formation,  is  quarried  for  building  purposes  at  Beauhar- 
nois  and  several  places  near  the  mouth  of  the  Ottawa. 
A  beautiful  white  granite  of  superior  quality  for  building 
purposes,  splitting  into  rectangular  forms,  is  obtained  in 
many  parts  of  the  Eastern  Townships,  south  of  the  Green 
Mountains.  A  block  of  this  fri>m  Stanstead  is  exhibited. 
Various  useful  qualities  of  marble  are  obtained  in  Macnab, 
and  at  Qrenville,  Phillipsburgh,  St.  Dominique,  and  other 
parts;  and  a  band  of  serpentine  has  been  traced  135  miles 
through  the  Eastern  Townships  from  Potton  to  Cran- 
boume,  which  promises  a  great  variety  of  material  suit- 
able for  ornamental  architecture,  but  as  yet  no  quarries 
are  opened  on  it. 

Feat  occurs  in  some  abundance  in  the  flat  country  on 
the  south  side  of  the  valley  of  the  Ottawa^  and  in  a 
similar  district  on  the  south  side  of  the  St.  Lawrence ; 
and  specimens  of  it  from  St.  Dominique,  having  been  ex- 
perimented on  and  analysed,  show  it  to  be  a  good  fuel : 
it  contains — 

fixed  carbon      ....        29*57 

Ashea 6-75 

Yolatile  matter  ....        63*68 


loo- 
Petroleum  is  met  with  in  springs  in  the  Ghisp^  district, 
on  Silver  Brook,  a  small  tributary  of  the  Biver  St.  John, 
and  at  the  mouth  of  this  river ;  and  naphtha  is  collected 
on  the  Thames  River  at  Mosa.  A  bitimiinous  deposit,  in 
the  form  of  mineral  pitch  or  mineral  caoutchouc,  occurs 
in  Enmskillen,  in  a  bed  of  about  2  feet  thick,  and  it  is 
said  to  extend  over  several  acres.  Bituminous  shale,  such 
as  is  used  in  England  for  the  distillation  of  naphtha  and 
other  products  of  the  kind,  occurs  in  Bosanquet,  Zone, 
CoUingwood,  Port  Daniel,  and  other  places. 

A  great  number  of  the  mineral  springs  of  the  province 
have  been  analysed.  The  chief  part  of  those  of  a  saline 
diaracter  contain  bromine  and  iodine,  and  some  of  them 
have  traces  of  baryta.  A  copious  spring  in  the  township 
of  Charlottevillo,  not  far  removed  from  Port  Dover  on 
Lake  Brie,  yields  nearly  twice  the  quantity  of  sulphuretted 
hydrogen  contained  in  the  celebrated  Harrowgatc  water ; 
and  another  near  Brantford,  with  three  more  in  the  same 
vicinity,  holds  free  sulphuric  acid. — ^W.  E.  Looan,  Di- 
rtelor  of  the  Oeological  Survey  of  Canada.'] 


2  WnjBOK,  Dr.  J.,  PeHh. 

Magnetic  iron  ore,  from  South  Sherbrooke. 

Phosphate  of  lime,  from  Burgess. 

Dolomite,  from  Dalhousie. 

Serpentine,  from  Burgess. 

FHihite^  peristerite,  and  graphic  granite,  from  Bathnrst. 


3  Dickson,  Mr.  Sheriff  A,  Pachenham, 
Specular  iron  ore  from  Macnab. 

4  Mabmora  Iron  Comfant,  Marmora, 

Pig  iron,  smelted  at  their  furnace,  from  the  magnetic 
ore  of  the  township. 


5  Fbbbieb,  Hon.  J.,  MontreaL 

Bars  of  axe  iron ;  square  of  bar  iron  ;  folded  iron,  cold ; 
twisted  iron ;  horse-shoe  iron ;  ploughshare ;  pig  of  Mar- 
mora iron. 

Collection  of  minerals.  Specimens,  gypsum ;  specimens, 
geological ;  specimens,  shell-marL 

6  Lancasteb,  — ,  VaudreuU, 
Specimens  of  bog-iron  ore,  and  phosphate  of  iron. 

7  Pboulx,  J.,  8t,  Eustache. 
Specimens  of  bog-iron  ore,  from  Bivi^  du  Chdne. 


8  Maecottb,  F.,  Fortneuf 
Specimens  of  bog-iron  ore. 

9  MoBiN,  Captain,  St,  ValUer, 
Specimens  of  bog-iron  ore. 

10  Montreal  Mining  Comfant. 

Copper  ore,  from  Bruce  mines.  Lake  Huron,  and  tough 
cake  copper,  smelted  there  from  the  same.  Native  copper 
and  silver,  from  St.  Ignaoe  Island,  Lake  Superior. 

11  Badoley,  J.  F.,  MontreaL 

Silver  ore,  from  Princess  Location,  Lake  Superior ;  and 
smelted  silver  from  the  same. 


12  Chaudi^bb  MnoNG  Comfant,  Quebec. 
Specimens  of  native  gold,  from  the  workings  of  the 

Company  on  the  Touffe  des  Pins,  scignory  of  Bigaud 
Yaudreuil  Beauce. 

13  Claussen,  Chevalibb,  Londom, 
Labradorite,  from  Labradoro,  &c. 


14  Habwood,  Hon.  — ,  VaudreuU, 

Specimens  of  black-lead  from  Ghrenville. 


15  BoFDOiN  &  Lebbb,  VaudreuiL 

of  white  quartzose  sandston< 
manufacture  of  glass  at  Yaudreuil. 


Specimens  of  white  quartzose  sandstone,  such  as  is  used 
in  the  mai 


16  Sesb,  L.  M.,  St,  Euitaehe, 

Specimens  of  iron  ochre. 


17  La  Babbe,  D.  G.,  Pomt  dm  Lac, 
Specimens  of  iron  ochre. 

18  Hall,  J.,  Melbourne, 

Specimens  of  iron  ochre,  from  Durham;  and  roofing 
slates,  from  Eingsey. 

18a  Hebbebt,  John  W.,  MontreaL 

Indian  dress ;  a  boudoir ;  pianoforte.  Case  of  type. 
[This  dress  is  made  of  cloth  and  ribbon  cut  with  scissors, 
and  sewn  on  with  ravcUings  of  the  same  material — a  very 
difficult  process.  The  dress  consists  of  petticoat,  jacket, 
and  leggings,  and  is  the  costume  of  the  chiefs  daughter  of 
the  Ojibbcway  nation.  It  was  entirely  wrought  by  hand, 
in  imitation  of  porcupine- work ;  it  is  aQ  of  purely  Indian 
design  and  pattern.  It  was  made  and  sent  for  exhibition 
by  Mrs.  J.  H.  McVey,  of  Potton,  eastern  township  of 
Canada,  who  is  the  daughter  of  Charlotte  Mono-nonoe 
Kata-wa-beday,  late  hereditary  chief  of  that  nation,  and 
the  late  Charles  Oake  Srmatinger,  Esq.,  of  Montreal 


962 


CANADA. 


[OOLOHmA! 


The  pianoforte,  of  eiz  and  three-qanrter  octave,  com- 
pass fi?om  0  to  G,  is  mannfitotnred  of  woods,  the  growth 
and  produce  of  Canada,  under  the  superintendence  of  the 
exhibitor,  an  Englishman  of  twenty-three  yean'  residenoe 
in  the  city  of  Montreal,  by  workmen  who  acquired  the 
principal  knowledge  of  their  trade  in  the  mmnufactory  of 
the  exhibitor,  whose  attention  to  the  construction  of 
pianofortes  to  stand  the  climate  of  Canada,  was  first 
caused  by  observing  that  European  instruments  generally 
were  unsuited  to  the  temperature.  The  instrument  now 
exhibited,  both  in  wood  and  manufacture,  is  found,  by 
experience,  best  adapted  to  the  climate.  In  forwarding 
it,  the  exhibitor's  object  is  not  so  much  with  the  view  of 
competing  with  countries  whose  BEtcilities  for  manufac- 
turing pianofortes  must  be  admitted  to  be  very  superior  to 
a  new  countiy  like  Canada,  but  to  show  the  rapid  im- 
provement of  the  colony,  and  its  capabilities  of  manufac- 
turing what  is  suited  to  the  demands  of  its  inhabitants; 
and  also  to  direct  the  attention  of  European  manufacturers 
of  these  instruments  to  woods,  the  growth  and  produce  of 
Canada,  suitable  for  such  purposes.  The  case  is  made  of 
free  grain  black  walnut-tree,  veneered  with  crotch  of  the 
same  wood ;  the  keys  are  of  bass-wood,  the  top  and  bot- 
tom blocks  of  hard  Canadian  maple,  sounding  board  of 
Canadian  spruce,  which  the  exhibitor,  by  experience,  is 
enabled  coxifidently  to  state  is  stronger  grained  and  supe- 
rior for  sound  to  the  European  wood  so  generally  in  use. 
The  ornamental  carvings  are  emblematical  of  Caniftda.] 


19  Cabon,  E.,  St.  Asm,  Montmorency. 

Specimens  of  iron  ochre. 

19a  Bahk,  C,  Jhronto. 

Specimens  of  dentistry. 


20  QuiOLEY,  M.,  Ihimpton. 
Specimens  of  slates. 

21  Dttbbbgeb,  G.,  Murray  Bay. 

Specimens  of  iron  ochre,  from  Ibberville,  county  of 
Saguenay. 

22  Kelly,  B.  W.,  GagpS. 
Specimens  of  iron  ochre  and  shell  marL 

23  Yeomanb,  Aba,  BeUeviUe. 
Specimens  of  shell  marL 

24  Be  Lesdeeniebes,  P.  T.  C,  Va/ndreuU. 
Specimens  of  shell  marL 

25  Boston,  Mr.  Sherifl;  Montreal. 
Specimens  of  shell  marL 

26  BoFTiLLiBB,  Dr.,  8t,  Myacinthe. 
Samples  of  peat. 

27  Logan,  J.,  Montreal. 
Barrel  of  fall  wheat. 


28  Allan,  John,  Lony  Point. 

Three  barrels  of  wheat. 


29  Weese,  W,  F.,  AmeUashurgh. 
Three  barrels  of  spring  wheat. 

30  Debjabdinb,  p.,  Terrebonne. 
Three  barrels  of  spring  wheat. 

31  Laubent,  D.,  Varennee. 
Three  barrels  of  spring  wheat. 


32  DBinacoNB,  John, 

Three  barrels  of  spring  wheat. 


CM. 


33       Pboyhtoiax.  AoBicui/rnBAL  AssooiATxav, 

Canada  WeH. 
Three  baxrels  of  &I1  wheat. 


34  0BAHAM,  J.,  Sydney. 

Three  barrela  of  &11  wheat 


35  PboTIKGIAL  AOBICULnrBAL  AB80CIAXI0V» 

Canada  Weet. 
Three  barrels  of  fiiQ  wheat,  raised  hj  Mr.  CaniiUe^ 
Dumfriet^  Canada  West. 


36 


Barrel  of  oats. 


IlTXBMOBXyO. 


37  MinB,A^ 

Barrel  of  oats. 


38  Watts,  B.  M.,  Qrantkam. 

Barrel  of  oats. 


39  Boa,  William,  St.  Lawreat. 


40  LiHoass,  D.,  Terrebonme, 
Banelof  peas. 

41  Jones,  D.,  Sydney. 
Banelof  peas. 


42  La  MiBB,  Madame,  Montreal. 

Barrel  of  beans. 


43  FiSHEB,  James,  Biei^  dm  Prairie. 

Barrel  of  horse-beans. 


44  Bbien,  J.,  St.  Martm*e. 
Barrel  of  yellow  beans. 

45  FouBNiEB,  C,  LonynewU. 
Barrel  of  beans. 


46  Boa,  William,  St.  LatorenL 

Barrel  of  barley. 


47  Desjabdins,  P.,  St.  Boee. 

Barrel  of  buck-wheat. 


48  Simpson,  J.,  k  Co.,  BotomannUe. 

Barrel  of  flour. 


49  LnrGHAM,  Thomas,  Tkmiow. 

Two  barrels  of  flour. 


50  Tailet,  V.  P.,  TkmrUm. 

Barrel  of  flour. 


51  Squaib,  B.,  BovonumoUle. 

Two  barrelB  of  oatmeaL 


52  Fbbnholm,  E.,  Kinyeey^  B.  T. 

Barrel  of  buckwheat  flour. 


53  Canipv,  F.  k  T.,  TJmrlow. 

Barrel  of  buckwheat  flour. 


54  Tbenholm,  E.,  Eit^eey,  B.  T. 

Barrel  of  Indian  meaL 


DXFENDKNOIBS.  ] 


CANADA. 


963 


55  RiOHBB,  A^  Si,  Lawreni. 

Banrel  of  IndiBii  metl}  ahip-biMiiit;  csracken;  Bologna 
•Muagw;  F&etdier^t  candy;  smoked  haniB}  beef  tongues, 
fto. 

[The  agriculture  of  the  Oanadaa  ia  greatij  influenced  hj 
the  dimate,  and  is  necessarily  of  a  peculiar  character. 
During  one-half  of  the  year,  the  surfiMc  of  the  country  is 
ooreved  with  snow  and  ice,  and  thus  remains  totally  un- 
producttre.  The  fiurmer  is  consequently  constrained  to 
select  such  plants,  or  Tarieties  of  plants,  for  his  cultivation, 
as  win  periidct  their  growth  in  the  brief  summer  of  the 


When  the  ice  departs,  at  about  the  end  of  April,  vegeta- 
tion conmiences,  and  proceeds  with  a  rapidity  unknown  in 
oar  dimate.  In  Upper  Osnada  the  seasons  are  not  so 
severe  as  in  Lower  Canada,  or  the  provinces  of  Nova  Scotia 
and  New  Brunswick,  and  the  spring  sets  in  about  a 
month  earlier.  The  soil  is  also  of  a  more  fertile  character ; 
wheat,  and  indeed  all  the  cereals,  are  produced  in  good 
quaUty,  and  in  great  abimdance.  The  agricultural  pro- 
duce, however,  of  these  colonies,  is  generally  inferior  in 
quality  to  that  of  more  fiivoured  dimates,  and  the  wheat 
being  nearly  all  spring  sown,  does  not  command  so  high  a 
rate  in  the  markets. — J.  W.] 


56  Shaw,  A^  Toronto, 

Specimens  of  com  in  tlie  ear. 


57  LOGAK,  J.,  MonireaL 

Specimens  of  com  in  the  ear. 


58  DxsjABDiKB,  B.,  St.  Mote. 

Barrd  of  flax  seed. 


59  FiSHXB,  Jaxxb,  Sivi^  dm  Frame, 

Specimens  of  Siberian  oil-seed. 


60  Ubabdbatt,  S.,  St,  Anne. 
Banrel  of  timothy  seed  (Fhleum  pratenee). 

61  M'Giinr,  T.,  Montreal. 
Banrel  of  timothy  seed. 


62 


JsFFBiBS,  J.,  Bwrodam. 
of  red  clover  seed  and  garden  seeds. 


63  Shzphxsd,  G.,  MonireaL 

Tarious  samples  of  garden  seed. 


64 


Bale  of  hops. 


Smith,  B.,  Stamlead. 
TrsmMf  J.,  Lackine. 


65 
Bale  of  hops.    

66  CRmuL  ComcissiOK,  Montreal. 
Samples  of  double  refined  and  unrefined  maple  sugar. 

67  Balm,  Johv,  York. 
Specimen  of  double  refined  maple  sugar. 

68  Pasxib,  Jobx,  ffatley. 
Spedmen  of  maple  sugar. 

69  FiBUJiB,  Abthtb,  AMoott, 
Specimen  of  maple  sugar. 

70  BABTxnr,  li.,  St,  Sote, 
Specimens  of  flax. 

71  Griox,  F.,  Montreal, 
Specimens  of  hemp  and  seed. 


72  Macouixooh,  Dr.  J.,  Montreal, 

A  ftmgns  from  the  pine-tree,  used  in  Canada  as  a  tonic 
bitter.  It  is  apparently  %pl^porui  allied  to  the  P.  Officinalis 
of  the  Materia  Medica. 


73 


Boll  of  tobacco. 


Lbyet,  Jomr,  Montreal, 


74  Eoak,  Johv,  Ottawa. 

Flank  of  bird's-eye  maple  (Acer  eaecharinmn), 

[The  curled  maple,  so  much  resembling  satin-wood,  and 
the  bird's-eye  maple,  so  well  known  as  an  ornamental 
material,  is  met  with  where  the  common  or  sugar  maple 
grows,  but  in  general  more  on  rocky  ground.  Sometimes 
they  occur  disseminated  in  single  trees,  and  sometimes  in 
patdies  of  fifty  or  more.  They  occasionally  are  large 
enough  to  yield  veneers  of  two  feet  in  width ;  but  the  tree 
of  smaller  dimensions,  up  to  14  and  18  inches,  are  prefer- 
able. The  large  trees  have  often  an  unfigured  part  down 
the  centre.3 

75  Bexd  &  MBAKiirs,  Montreal. 

Planks  of  birch,  cheny,  pine^  bird's-eye  and  curled 
maples,  and  butternut. 

76  Pabibaui;!,  J.,  St.  MarUn. 
Plank  of  chestnut. 


77  PABiBAn;r,  F.,  St,  Martin. 
Planks  of  soft  maple  and  beech. 

[The  soft  or  sugar  maple  is  not  used  to  great  extent  in 
any  manufacture,  from  being  generally  saved  by  the  pro- 
prietors of  the  land  for  its  yield  of  the  material  from  which 
it  takes  its  name.  Hard  maple  is  extensively  used  in  the 
country  for  the  manufacture  of  the  best  kinds  of  common 
frmiiture,  and  with  black  and  red  birch  which  are  service- 
able for  the  same  purpose,  is  largely  exported  to  the 
United  States  for  similar  objects.  These  three  woods, 
also  with  beech,  constitute  the  chief  domestic  friel  of 
Canada. 

Beech,  in  addition  to  its  use  as  a  ftiel,  afibrds  a  material 
for  the  manufacture  of  pyroligneous  acid;  and  several 
establishments  for  its  manufacture  have  lately  been 
erected  in  the  country.  All  the  species  of  maple,  birch, 
and  beech,  are  spread  over  extensive  areas  in  all  parts  of 
the  province,  and  their  presence  is  considered  an  un- 
doubted mark  of  a  good  and  fruitfrd  soiL 

The  butternut-tree  is  a  sign  of  good  dry  land ;  and  it 
grows  frequently  to  a  height  of  12  feet.  It  forms  one  of 
the  best  materials  for  veneering  in  cabinet-work,  for  which 
it  is  much  used,  being  liable  to  neither  warp  nor  crack. 
When  properiy  finished  and  stained,  articles  made  of  it 
can  scarcely  be  distinguished  from  mahogany.] 

78  Datis,  J.,  Simeoe^  Canada  Weet. 
Plank  of  black  walnut  crotch. 


79  Hzvaov,  J.,  Dawn. 

Black  walnut  plank. 
Indian  com  in  the  ear. 


80 


Cuttral  CoMicnnov,  MontteaL 


Ship-buildinfl  crooks  and  futtocks. 

Planks  Mid  Mocks— of  birch  1  red  rock  elm  1  buttemuti 
walnut  Mid  birch;  birdi  and  pine;  bird's-eye  maple; 
white  oak;  black  walnut  and  pine;  iron-wood;  bass-wood 
and  maple ;  soft  and  hard  numle. 

Planks— -of  birch;  ash;  Mack  walnut;  curied  ash; 
bass-wood ;  butternut ;  pine ;  tamarack ;  spruce ;  oak,  Ac. 

[The  following  description  of  the  tree  fitmi  which  one 


964 


CANADA. 


[GoiiOKIXSAl 


of  these  planks — ^that  of  black  walnut — ^was  cut,  appeared 
in  a  local  paper  of  the  colony : — 

'*  The  first  plank  is  6  feet  long  and  3  feet  3  inches  wide, 
perfect  in  every  respect ;  the  second  plank  is  4  feet  long, 
3i  feet  wide.  The  length  is  2  feet  less  than  that  required 
by  the  regulations  :  this,  however,  was  unavoidable,  for 
the  piece  has  been  cut  to  its  present  size  for  some  tune. 
The  whole  groundwork  of  this  plank  is  a  beautiful  curl, 
traversed  in  every  direction  by  large  veins,  which  give  it  a 
very  splendid  appearance.  The  third  is  a  veneer  mounted, 
4  feet  long  and  15  inches  wide,  sawn  by  hand  from  the 
same  tree.  The  fourth  are  two  magnificent  crotches 
6  feet  long  and  nearly  3  feet  wide.  These,  I  am  con- 
fident, would  favourably  compare  with  anything  of  the 
kind  in  the  world. 

"  The  colossal  tree,  the  largest  I  think  in  this  country, 
from  which  these  specimens  were  obtained,  stood  in  the 
valley  of  the  Nanticoke,  in  the  township  of  Walpole.  The 
incidents  connected  with  felling  it  and  getting  it  into  the 
mill  are  interesting.  It  was,  I  believe,  in  the  winter  of 
1847,  Mr.  Fbher  commenced  operations  by  constructing 
a  shanty  for  his  acconmiodation  while  felling  the  tree  and 
cutting  it  into  logs.  It  appears  almost  incredible,  but  it 
is  certainly  the  fact,  that  three  men  were  busily  employed 
a  fortnight  before  the  task  was  completed.  The  attack 
upon  this  giant  of  the  wood  was  commenced  about 
10  o'clock  A.H.  by  three  first-rate  axemen,  who  continued 
chopping  that  day  and  the  next  day  till  nearly  night. 

'*  I  visited  the  spot  shortly  after :  the  place  presented 
the  appearance  of  a  small  windfell,  so  great  was  the 
quantity  of  timber  which  this  huge  tree  crushed  down  in 
its  falL  I  took  the  dimensions  of  it,  and  if  I  remember 
correctly,  they  were  as  follow: — circumference  at  the 
ground  37  feet ;  8  feet  from  the  ground  28  feet :  from 
this  the  trunk  rose,  tapering  very  little,  to  the  height 
of  61  feet,  when  it  divided  into  two  trunks,  the  one 
nearly  6  feet  in  diameter,  the  other  about  5  feet.  These 
branches  stretched  up  to  an  enormous  height,  reaching 
&r  above  the  humble  trees  of  the  forest.  I  could  have  no 
idea  of  the  age  of  this  tree,  but  from  the  smallness  of  the 
annual  growths,  particularly  the  latter  ones,  which  were 
not  distinguishable,  I  concluded  it  must  be  very  old — 
perhaps  two  or  three  thousand  years,  and  yet  it  evinced 
no  symptoms  of  decay ;  there  was  not  even  the  slightest 
hollow  in  the  trunk.  There  were  twenty-three  logs  in  the 
tree,  which  made  about  10,000  feet  of  timber :  they  would 
have  made  a  much  larger  quantity ;  but,  on  account  of 
the  great  size  of  some  of  them,  they  had  to  be  hewn 
down  considerably  before  they  could  be  sawed." 

The  woods  of  Canada  are  various,  and  some  of  them 
constitute  very  important  articles  in  the  commerce  of  the 
country.    Among  these  are  white  pine  and  red  pine. 

The  valley  of  the  Ottawa  is  one  of  the  great  sources  of 
these  two  species.  The  quimtity  that  comes  down  that  river 
is  very  large.  The  greater  value  of  the  red  pine  enables 
the  Ivunberers  to  bring  it  from  greater  distances  than  the 
other,  at  the  head  of  Lake  Michigan;  and  the  highest 
point  on  the  Ottawa,  at  which  it  has  been  felled  for  com- 
mercial purposes,  is  600  miles  above  Quebec,  the  shipping 
port.  From  this  distance  it  requires  two  full  months  to 
convey  the  timber  to  Quebec ;  and  any  accident  creating 
delay  would  keep  it  through  the  winter  on  the  voyage. 
The  highest  point  from  which  white  pine  is  brought  is 
160  miles  short  of  the  other;  and  for  the  purposes  of  the 
voyage,  both  species  are  formed  into  enormous  rafts,  some 
of  which  may  have  a  superfices  of  80,000  feet.  To  pass 
down  rapids  it  is  oftien  necessary  to  break  up  the  raft  into 


cribs  of  about  10  logs  each ;  and  to  obriate  the  diflirnhi 
of  cascades,  slides  are  constructed  in  many  parts  of  t] 
river.  The  largest  white  pine-trees  of  the  Ottawa  mte  qm 
for  masts,  and  are  of  sufficient  measure  to  give  planks 
five  feet  in  breadth,  free  from  sap.  The  lai^geet  plank  < 
this  species  is  from  the  River  Qiaudi^re,  and  it  measur 
12  feet  long  by  3  feet  wide,  and  3  inches  thicL  Tl 
largest  red  pine-tree  will  give  logs  of  about  18  ukdk 
square  and  40  feet  long. 

White  oak  is  another  of  the  important  oommerci 
woods  of  Canada,  and  the  chief  growth  is  in  the  weiCcf 
part  of  the  province.  It  is  used  in  the  prorinoe  and  da 
where  for  ship-building  purposes ;  and  a  form  in  which 
is  largely  exported  is  that  of  staves  for  bairels  an 
puncheons.  One  of  the  planks  of  this  species  sent  to  tl 
Exhibition  measures  26  inches  in  breadth. 

Black  walnut  is  a  wood  affording  ornamented  materii 
for  furniture  and  house-building,  and  is  mnch  used  i 
Canada  and  the  United  States.  The  chief  growth  is  i 
the  western  part  of  the  province,  from  which  it  » in 
ported  largely  to  the  United  States,  and  its  quantity  i 
inexhaustible.  For  ornamental  purposes,  it  is  the  crutdi 
at  the  junction  of  a  branch  with  the  parent  stem,  that  i 
used,  as  in  other  parts  the  grain  is  straight. 

Examples  of  the  great  beauty  of  the  wood  may  be  sen 
in  the  various  articles  of  furniture  which  hare  been  sen 
to  the  Exhibition. 

The  tamarisk-tree  yields  good  material  for  ship-boild 
ing  purposes,  being  particularly  serviceable  tor  knees  an 
ribs  :  a  fine  specimen  of  a  knee  is  exhibited  in  the  Tro;^; 
in  the  centre  of  the  Building. 

The  bass  or  white-wood  tree  is  also  a  mark  of  the  bee 
quality  of  land,  and  it  is  to  be  found  in  abundance  i 
both  parts  of  the  province.  It  is  much  used  in  th 
panels  of  railroad  cars,  carriages,  and  sleighs ;  andfor  sac 
purposes  it  is  there  considered  preferable  to  mahogan] 
It  is  much  used  in  the  manufacture  of  pianos,  mnd  for  tb 
interior  of  cabinetwork,  as  well  as  for  various  domesti 
objects  in  the  daiiy  and  kitchen. 

The  cedar-tree,  which  grows  to  great  heights,  yirids  a 
excellent  material  for  railroad  sleepers,  and  all  porpoM 
where  exclusion  from  the  atmosphere  is  required.  Undc 
ground  it  will  last  for  centiuries.  It  grows  always  i 
swampy  land. 

Cheny-wood,  like  maple  and  beech,  is  used  forcommo 
furniture. 

White  spruce  is  exclusively  used  for  the  oonstructiaa  < 
dwelling-housra,  and  being  closer  in  the  grain,  and  moi 
durable  than  most  soft  woods,  it  is  employed  for  plan 
roads.  It  forms  a  considerable  branch  of  trade,  and  i 
largely  exported  both  to  Europe  and  the  United  State 
It  grows  in  swampy  ground,  and  the  tree  sometimes  attaii 
a  great  height,  enabling  it  to  be  used  for  masts  an 
spars. 

The  hickory-tree  is  scattered  through  most  parts  of  th 
province,  and  forms  an  ornamental  tree.  The  wood  i 
very  tough  and  straight  grained.  It  is  in  condcquenr 
much  used  for  handspikes,  the  handles  of  axes,  of  grai 
cradles,  and  various  agricultural  implements,  and  all  otbi*? 
where  strength  is  required  to  be  combined  with  sUghtnt** 
In  the  form  of  handspikes  it  is  an  article  of  export  t 
Great  Britain.  Samples  of  it  may  be  seen  in  the  handle 
of  the  agricultural  implements  which  have  been  sent  to  th 
Exhibition.]  

81  Central  Commission,  Montreal. 

Specimens  of  maple  veneer.  Cross  of  oak  veneer,  an 
black  walnut  veneer. 


Defknbekcies.  ] 


CANADA. 


965 


82  BRAnrntD,  O.  N.,  HamiUan,  Canada  West. 
Com-whispe  and  dusters. 

83  BRAonsD,  O.  M.,  ffamilUm, 
Corn-brooms.     

84  Nblbok  &  BuTTSBS,  MoHtreal. 
Com-brooms  and  whisps. 


85  WBS8S,  W.  F.,  AmeUatHmrgh. 
A  chum. 

86  Bailkt,  J.,  Sherbrooke, 
Serend  pails. 

87  DODD,  BOBEBT  S.,  Ayr. 
A  tab. 

88  SronriB  &  M'Culloch,  BroohnUe. 

Serend  pronged  hay-forks  and  manure-forks;  scythe 
snaiths. 

89  GuLSSFOSD,  — ^  JBrockviUe. 
A  grain  cradle. 

90  SmnnEB  &  M'Culloch,  BrookvUle. 
Grain-cradles.   

91  HULBBBT,  SaXUBL,  JPTestCOtt. 

A  plough.         

92  Flkck,  a,  Montreal. 

A  light  plough. 

93  Ckktbal  Comkission,  Montreal. 

A  turnip  cutter. 

94  Aixoe,  J.,  Montreal. 

Specimens  of  calf  upper  and  harness  leather ;  tanning 
materials.  

95  McLban  &  CuMMiNOS,  Chippewa. 
Sides  of  sole  leather. 


96  MuBBAT,  H.,  Montreal, 
Calf  skins  and  sides  of  upper  leather. 

97  Tbonoathasba,  P.,  Qnebee. 
Specimen  of  moose  skin. 

98  Toubanobak,  p. 
Specimen  of  tanned  moose  hide. 


99  Thokpson,  Thos.,  Three  Rivers. 
Pair  of  moose  horns  (Alus  Americana). 

100  AiiLoy,  J.,  Montreal. 
Tanning  materials. 

101  HoLWBLL, — y  Quebec. 
A  duplex  safety  rein. 

102  Dkan,  B.,  MontreaL 
A  patent  leather  traTelling  trunk. 

103  Bbll,  p.  W.,  St.  Catherine. 
An  Indian  saddle. 

[Used  by  the  natives  in  the  western  country  when 
engaged  in  buffalo-hunting.] 

104  Wabdlb,  M.,  Montreal. 
Shoe-lasts. 

105  M'GiLLAv  k  SuLLiTAN,  Hamilton. 
Hunting-saddle. 


1 07  Hendbbson,  J.,  Montreal. 

Bear,  wolf^  and  fox  skin  sleigh  robes.  These  costly  and 
superb  articles  of  out-door  corering  or  dress  are  worn  by 
the  upper  classes  of  Canadians  when  trayelling,  during 
the  winter,  in  their  open  carriages  or  sleighs. 

109  Tbtu,  C.  a,  Quebec. 
Dressed  porpoise-skin,  and  whale-skin  leather. 

[This  is  beginning  to  be  much  used  in  place  of  leather, 
for  boots  and  shoes ;  it  is  softer,  and  as  durable.] 

110  Babbeau,  J.,  Quebee. 
Fishing-boots    of  deer-skin   leather,  with  whalebone 

stiffeners. 


Ill  Dan OEBFEBLD,  — y  Montreal. 

Pair  of  ladies'  shoes. 


112  CevulaJj  CoMMissioVf  MontreaL 
Long  and  short  Canadian  boots. 

113  MoBBiB,  B.,  Montreal. 
Set  of  double  sleigh-harness. 

[This  is  intended  for  a  double  sleigh,  showing  the  stylo 
in  which  the  light  Canadian  horses  are  caparisoned  when 
out  on  a  sleighing  excursion.] 


114  MoBBis,  James,  MontreaL 

A  black  walnut  bedstead. 


115  Patbbsok,  Qr.y  Dwndas. 

Blankets  and  assortments  of  cloths. 


115a  Bsed  &  MBAKnrs,  Ifcm/rsa^. 

Chairs,  sofas,  chiffonni^re,  and  black  walnut  centre-table. 

[The  set  of  six  chairs  are  carved  in  the  style  of  the 
14th  century :  the  ooTerings  are  worked  by  the  ladies 
of  Montreal,  who  intend  thorn  as  a  present  for  Her 
Majesty.  The  sofa  and  chiffonni^  are  in  the  same 
style;  the  latter  has  the  arms  of  the  city  of  Montreal 
carred  at  the  back.] 


116  Laflaiocb,  M.  a,  MontreaL 

Oil-cloth  patterns ;  floor  and  table  oU-doth. 


117  Baxsat  &  McAbthub,  MontreaL 
Painted  mahogany  table ;  imitation  oak  table ;  marble 

Uble.  

118  TLkimoyDy  B^y  MontreaL 
A  stone  centre-table. 

[The  material  fonning  this  table  is  the  limestone  of 
MontreaL  Polished  in  a  similar  manner,  it  is  much  used 
for  chimney-pieces  and  other  ornamental  parts  in  arclii- 
tecture.  It  is  the  same  stone  as  that  of  which  the  best 
edifices  in  the  city  are  built.] 


119  Drmf ,  W.,  Quebec. 
Embroidered  chairs. 

[The  seata  of  these  chairs  are  embroidered  in  sQk  on 
leather.] 

120  Bedhbad,  TnoMAS,  MontreaL 
Black  walnut  office  and  drawing-room  chairs. 


121  ALLAVyWiLUAM,  Montreal. 

Drawing-room  chair. 


at  Ccntn  ud  Ha  Ttble. 


123  HlLTOH,  J.  k  W.,  Momtreal. 

Walamt  Mntre  and  pier  UAAet.  (One  of  these  tabUa  ii 
repraaenled  in  the  abore  engraTing.) 

Spring-back  •ewiM-cliair. 

Various  ohain.    Two  t«te-&-tetca. 

[l^iia  ftimitiini  ii  manuGutnred  of  the  flneat  black 
widnut  which  Canada  produeea ;  it  is  dehcately  caired, 
and  the  (Mta  and  backa  are  covered  with  gold  and  crimsoii 


124  UioFabukb,  a.,  Cite  da  Sieget. 

Sample!  of  glue. 


125  Fbbndbboabt,  J.,  ^nUrtoL 

Sample*  of  Blarch. 


BOBB,  J.,  Montreal. 


Boi  of  biMmits. 

127  Flbtchjb,  Johm,  Montreal 

"  Uaiden  hair  "  ayrup.    Baspbeny  vinegar. 


128  BBtmSSBH  A,  Shiptoh,  i 

Potato  starch. 

Preaerrod  potatoes,  for  ships'  stoi 
for  long  ToyagBs. 


■  Silaire. 

I,  especial^  adapted 


PlBUAClT,  JOBBPH,  St.  Martin. 


130  Lbtst,  J.,  Montreal. 

Samples  of  snuff. 


131  LrviM,  Hbnsy,  Montreal. 

Samples  of  honey. 


Pkhseb,  J.,  Lactiine. 


133  QlLLEBPiB  4  Co.,  Montreal. 

A  barrel  of  Tinogar,  made  frran  wood. 


134  SnwiBT,  W,  Toronio. 

Set  of  single  sleigb  bamess.  Made  of  p 
lined  throughout  with  red  moroooo,  and 
newlj-conatructed  lelf-Bdjustiiig  pad. 

Borral  of  ship  biacuita. 


37        BzAN,  Bykok  Habtlr,  Canada  Eatl. 

Woollen  oounterpone ;  table-cloth*. 


38  DaoH,  T.,  Toronio, 

Woollen  oounterpane. 


1 39  auaij.B,  W.,  MUon  JEOt. 
Hone  blanket ;    pieces  of  carpeting  j    ai 

blankets.  

140  Babbib,  Heasn.,  Stqmetimff. 
Samples  of  carpeting. 


BxiH,  SnoR,  S.  T. 


43  W11J.ETT,  MeesiB.,  OtamUjf. 

Specimen  of  grej  oloth. 


UcKat  a,  Co.,  A«tr  RUnimr^ 


Wallicb,  a.,  Montrtat. 
noulding  plaoee. 


146  Scott  &  QLUsroBs,  ISotitreal. 

A  chopprng-MB. 


149  BSAW,  Saitfbl,  ToroiUo. 

Choppio^-aira  i   brood  uea ;  coopers'  tools  j   fruDJiig 
chiield ;  and  hunting-'axo. 


150  LBiTITT.a^. 

(topping  and  broad  aim. 


CHStcKT,  Q.  H.,  7broii/o. 


15U  LiOD,  C.  P.,  iffrnfrvnt 

pBtenl  baluico-acalea  lo  weigh  20  cut. ;  taHoiu  cliop- 


157  Vsaxt,  3 kTiss,  Montreal. 

A  coppng  prou. 


158  QabtB,  CaiKLKB,  Montreal. 

A  iteain-boat  oDgino-gong. 

[T'li'  S°"8  **  ""^  ^  ^^^  Tcaaeli  in  Canada  in  tlie 
Allowing  manner : — the  gong,  with  appantua,  i*  used  in 
the  engine-room,  and  wires  are  placed  from  liic  sliding-ban 
whkh  work  the  hammer,  to  the  whcel-housp  paddle-boiea, 
«r  to  anj  other  part  of  the  vmscl ;  lo  thrao  brans  pulls  are 
attached.  Thus  the  cnplain  or  pilot  can,  by  giving  one 
«r  more  pnlls,  inform  the  ungineor  whether  he  wishes  the 
a^ine  started,  itoppml,  rcvpTsed,  ic.] 

A  bi«H  doable  gmue  or  oil  rock,  used  for  introdunine 
■prmae  or  oil  into  the  rjlinder  of  steam-engines  wbero 
hif;b-pmiur»  «t«am  is  u»m1. 

A  slwm-boiler  gaage-cocl;  of  imprOTed  oonstruction. 

A  1-ineh  water-ooci  or  tbItc.  This  WHter-oock  is  fast 
•upurseding  a31  other  kinds  known  in  Canada. 


159 


CnBinET,  O.  I 
Copptr  fiuniture  for  a  stovi 


,  Toronla. 


BOTS,  T.  J.,  Montreal. 


Af  nriEU),  J.,  Ibronl. 


BlSTBAV,  A,  Montreal. 


Di  MovTiNio,  Uadamo,  MonlrtaL 


164  Pmocsov,  W.,  Montreal. 

BleiiblB  br*llcli-pipe«. 

[Mode  of  bands  of  liMher  Gutened  togrthor  with  copptir 
riiets.  It  ia  much  used  in  Montreal  instead  of  the  ordi- 
narj  stiff  pipe.] 


HRSDRBaOir,  — ,  QlteieB. 


171  Central  Cdhuiehion,  Montreal. 

A  bark  rtanoe.     (This  canoe  is  represented  in  the  ao- 

companjing  Plate.) 

[Tliia  canoe,  mode  from  the  bark  of  the  white  birch,  is 
one  of  the  largest  class  of  canoes  used  in  the  north-wosl 
country.  PruTioiuJf  to  its  being  forwarded  to  Bnglaod, 
it  made  a  TOjago  in  the  spring  of  last  year  of  upwards  of 
3,000  milei,  with  a  crow  of  20  men  and  their  stock  of 
uet'cssBrLCB  and  proiisioua.  Being  exoeedingl;  light,  the 
crews  are  cDabtcd  to  carry  those  canoes  when  it  is  ea- 
Bciitinl  to  BToid  the  falls  and  rapids  i  and,  for  monlh* 
together,  thej  form  the  homos  of  the  hardy  and  during 
voyagers  during  their  transit  to  and  from  thi  Far  West.] 


172  OyDiotBotrr,  P. 

Pair  of  snow-shoe*  ;  also  mocassins. 

[Tliese  gnow-shoea  are  worn  by  bU  classes  when  tntel- 
ling  in  the  snow.  The;  are  used  in  cliase  of  the  dcvr  and 
other  game,  bj  tite  Indians,  and  enable  the  hunter  in  hia 
eager  pursuit  to  travel  OTor  the  mow  at  Ihe  rate  of  seren, 
and  even  oocuioiuilly  at  ten,  mites  an  hour.  lUcing  in 
them  is  a  tsTOurile  amusement  of  both  Canadians  and 
Indians  during  the  winlcj'  months  ;  and  to  indis)iensable 
aiv  they,  that,  without  these  shoes,  the  poorer  inhabitant* 
would  be  confined  in  stormy  weather  to  their  homes.] 


173  Bill,  P.  W.,  St.  Cailunne. 

Indian  dnss,  vis.,  coat,  pair  of  Ifcginn,  cap,  gun-case^ 
Lnife-casc^  bracelet,  and  pair  of  smaU  belts. 

[Formed  of  dressed  deerskin,  omampntcd  with  dyed 
moose  hur  and  beads.  This  dress  is  that  of  an  ludian 
chief,  made  by  a  squaw  of  the  Mohawk  nation.] 


174  HiNDEBaoii,  — ,  MonlrtaL 

Enibniidered  slippers,  oigar-msce,  pursn,  and  (an. 
[Made  by  a  tribe  of  Ilie  Iroquois  Indians  resident  at 

Canghnawsya,  in  tlw  ndghbourbood  of  UontreaL] 

175 


17ft  Cami-bell,  U^jor,  St.  ITtlmr*. 

Bark  tray  and  boi. 

pUade  of  the  bark  of  the  white  birch,  onumciited  with 
dyed  moose  hair  and  beads.] 


VnuM  ot  Loaxmt. 


177 


17g  UtMXMkWtaant.MoiUrral. 

Singl"  •Icigh,  with  pole  and  shafU.    This   sleigh   i« 
rrpmmU'd  in  Die  foUowing  cut. 


Knlgtal'i  SJngU  SMgh. 
|Tbu  sleigb  u  dnwn  gmerallj  b;  four  hone*.  Sleigh- 
ing  forma  Uie  chief  tod  most  Ughlj-reliahed  amniemeiit 
of  the  Cuiadiaiis  dming  winter.  To  follow  it  all  biuiii«M 
IB  Buapended ;  and  certainlj  a  more  invigoratiiig  exercise 
can  Marcel;  be  imagined.  Seated  in  one  of  tbeM  light 
and  elegant  carriages,  wnpped  in  the  WBrmeat  fun,  orna- 
mented with  the  gayest  colour*,  and  tempted  abroad  b; 
a  aky  that  equak  that  of  Italj  in  brilliant^,  the  Cam 
thoroughly  enjoys  him— If,  even  though  the  thermometer 
•ometimes  be  90  degrees  below  the  free«iiig  point, 
no  uncommon  thing  to  see  a  score  or  thirty  of  tbese  sleight 
at  one  time  careering  orer  the  frozen  snow  in  tlie 
**  bahionable  diiTes."] 

179  O'Mbaka,  M.,  MontreaL 


181  Pebby,  a.  J.,  Montreal. 

Fire-engine  and  hose  reel. 

[The  mechanical  construction  of  this 
entirely  from  the  engines  commonly  used  in  Enghmd. 
Instead  of  working  "  broadside,"  or  from  end  to  end,  this 
works  from  the  ends.  The  usubI  stroke  of  an  English 
engine  is  8  inches :  this  givee  one  of  IS  inches,  wliile  it 
may  be  worked  iiith  fewer  bands,  with  greater  &cility,  and 
consequently  with  less  btigue  to  the  firemen,  from  20  to 
80  of  whom  am  required  U>  keep  it  in  full  working  play  ; 
but  by  a  simple  and  ingeniously  contriTed  stufflng-boi  its 
powers  maj  be  regulated  according  to  the  number  of  men 
emplojod.  The  presfint  engine  lifts  its  supply  of  water 
33  feet,  playing  from  BO  feet  of  hose,  one-iniji  bore  40 
feet,  and  from  170  feet  to  180  feet  m  height ;  or  from  two 
streams  it  will  throw  each  160  foet.] 

(Tliis  engine  is  represented  in  the  Plate  48.) 
182 


183  McPhebsos,  J.  &  SoKS,  Montreal. 

A.  clarionet  and  a  cornopean. 


185  HlOQlNS,  PiTBIOK  H. 

Violin  and  esse,  clarionet,  and  piccolo  piano. 

186  Fabees  Bhothebb,  Toronto. 
Various  specimens  of  turning. 


87  Hbkdsbsoh,  - 

CaM  of  pipe*,  assorted. 


UlTTOKWB,  C,  MotUr»U. 


192  BtrBiAC  &  Mabcottb,  QHtbee. 
Specimens  of  plain  and  ornamraital  tyjiography. 

193  DiOKnreoii,  C.  H.,  Monfrtal. 
Spemmens  of  dentistry. 

196  Ikwih,  J.,  JfoafrvoJ. 

I^Tdling  tmnk. 

[Indian  curiositieB,  mads  by  Uie  natire  Indiuu  of 
Lorette^  the  remains  of  the  Herin  tribe,  oonaistiiig  of  blvk 
beaver  and  skin  toboooo-pouch,  card  ease  of  conhboo  fcrt, 
on  Indian  stool  formed  of  moose  feet,  omamented  with 
^ed  porcnpine-qnills  and  moose  hair.] 


244 


Lewis,  B.,  Xelioumt. 
Two  model  bridges. 


301  Ceittku,  CoionBaiDii,  MimtreaL 

Ornamental  stool,  moose  feet.  Spring-back  »&. 
Walnut  centre  tables.  Wahint  pick  table.  Spring-bark 
sewing-chair,  tUo-A-Ule.  Chiffonniiire.  Ba&.  Bocbng- 
chair.    OrdJliarr  chain.    Wooden  snow-ahorels. 


324  Uakv,  a.,  Monlreal. 

Samples  of  mineral  water. 

326  NicoLBON,  R,  MoMlmaL 


331  AdaVB,  W.  H.  F.,  MonlreaL 

Eioffi  dtipa^t  suit  of  clothes.  The  capote  Uncd  with 
Canaija  tweed,  Ibe  buttons  of  bird's-eye  maple:  ihewhol,^ 
intended  to  show  a  full  suit  of  Canadian  habUaiit  Arrn. 

A  fani^  double  ooat. 
333i  Stewabt,  — ,  Toroaio. 

Set  of  single  sleigh-harness,  lined  with  red  morocm, 

showing  a  seu-Bdjiuting  pad. 

334  MoBBis,  B.,  MontrtaL 

Military  helmet.  Proposed  helmet  of  the  RantriTS 
made  for  Sir  James  Alexander,  A.D.C.  ;  sabrv-prou^  tbr 
creet  being  stuOed  with  deer's-hair,  and  a  band  of  whale- 
bone paesmg  across  the  h«d  :  aun-proo^  and  Tcnlilak.'d. 
Weight  IB  M.       


340  Sataqr,  G.,  &  Son,  Monlreal. 

A  silrer  embossed  tea-kettle,  and  engrared  spectacle 
esse.    Dessert  and  tea  spoons. 

Silver  table-spoon  and  fork. 


41  IiEaOATT,  H., . 

Qold  cable-chain  and  hook. 

A  filigree  and  topai  brooch.    An  amethjst  (uid  a  sprif 


II 


Dbpbndsncies.  ] 


NEW  BRUNSWICK 


969 


A  mako-pin,  garnet  and  pearL  A  diamond  pin.  Qaw- 
pin,  rubj.  YariouB  other  pins,  including  topas,  ball,  dore, 
and  Bquare>head  rubies. 

346  BODDEB,  P.,  St,  Hffoeimihe, 

A  model  looomotire  steam-engine,  gong,  &o.i  single 
sleigh;  light  carriage ;  carriage-wheels. 

351  Duncan,  J.,  MmUreaL 

Designs  for  coina^ 
Omsjuental  printmg. 

353  WHxsuni,  Thomab,  Toronto, 

Medallion,  in  gutta  percha,  of  the  Earl  of  Elgin,  GoTer- 
nor-Qeneral  of  CSmada,  and  the  die  from  which  the  same 
was  struck.  

355  Abhton,  J.  P.,  St.  Lawreni. 

Specimens  of  the  Cottonia  plant,  or  wild  cotton. 

[This  plant  grows  in  the  greatest  luxuriance  over  almost 
the  entire  oountiy:  it  has  been  applied  successfully  in 
Ganada  to  the  manufacture  of  hats,  being  substituted  for 
61t ;  and  it  is  generally  thought,  that,  were  it  to  engage 
the  attention  of  the  maker  of  English  textile  fiftbrics,  he 
might  use  it  to  a  profitable  purpose.] 


NEW   BRUNSWICK. 

South  Asei,  Q.  82. 

This  colony  has  sent  a  miscellaneous  collection  of  raw 
and  manufactured  articles  for  e3Lhibition.  The  timber 
trade  of  New  Brunswick  is  represented  by  a  series  of 
woods;  the  mineral  wealth  by  some  specimens  as 
yet  midetermined,  and  others  of  iron,  and  probably 
other  metalliferous  ores,  in  addition  to  grindstones  and 
atones  for  hones.  Specimens  of  coal  and  plumbago  are 
also  sent.  The  agncultural  produce  sent  consists  of 
wheat,  barley,  oats,  beans,  &c.  There  are  also  speci- 
mens of  preserved  food.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  a 
fuller  amount  of  information  was  not  supplied  with 
these  articles,  as  the  capabilities  of  the  colony  might 
have  been  more  adequately  exhibited  in  Uie  Catalogue 
of  its  contributions. — R.  E. 


1  Gbst,  The  Dowager  Lady. 

A  canoe,  with  three  figures,  representing  Joseph  Jamar, 
the  chief  of  the  Melicite  tribe  or  Indians,  his  squaw  and 
her  popoose,  in  their  state  costume.  Sent  by  the  Biisses 
Close,  two  ladies  who  reside  in  the  vicinity  of  the  tribe. 

2  GiBBS,  Bright,  &  Co.,  lAverpool — Producers. 
A  figure-head  of  an  Indian  chief. 

3  OorxD,  N.,  4  Tavittoek  Square^  London — Importer. 
Specimens  of  jet  coal,  or  asphalte,  recently  discovered 

on  the  banks  of  the  river  Peticodiac,  Albert  County,  New 
Brunswick,  and  not  hitherto  been  discovered  in  any  other 
part  of  British  America.  This  coal  is  said  to  produce  gas 
of  the  purest  colour,  and  in  greater  quantity  than  any 
other  coal  hitherto  used  for  the  purpose.  (The  property 
of  Edward  Allison,  Esq.,  of  St.  John's.) 
Lump  of  plumbago. 

4  McRab,  Willux. 
Bird's-eye  maple. 


5  McKiLLOP,  A. 

Bird*s-eye  maple. 
Curiy  maple  (veneer). 


Curiy  maple. 


McRab,  William. 


7  Mackib,  Albxaitdsb. 
Black  birch. 

Tausoganop  stones,  for  rasor  hones. 

8  McRax,  Whxiax. 
Manganese  (from  Nassau). 


9  Fraseb,  William  J. 

Mineral  (from  Bay  Cheleur). 


10  HUTCHISOV,  RiCHABD. 

Iron  ore.    Mineral. 


11  McCuLLT,  Calbb. 

Mineral  (from  Tabusintac). 


12  Blacktillb. 

White  bald  wheat. 


13  Wysb,  Johv. 
White  bald  wheat,  66  lbs.  per  bushel 

14  Blacktillb. 
Wliite  bau^  wheat. 

White  bald  wheat,  66  lbs.  per  bushel. 

15  Wysb,  John. 
Bed  bald  wheat,  67  lbs.  per  busheL 


16 


White  oato. 


17 


Blacktillb. 


Wysb,  Johk. 


White  oats. 


18  McDebmot,  Fdtlat. 
Barley,  66  lbs.  per  bushel. 

19  Bbopht,  Patrick. 
Black  oats,  41  lbs.  per  bushel. 


20 


Wysb,  Johx. 


Broad  beans. 


21  Sbablb,  Michabl. 

Black  runners.    Speckled  beans. 


22  Wysb,  Johk. 

White  beans. 

Two  copies  of  Professor  Johnson's  <*  Report  of 
Agricultiutd  CapabiUties  of  New  Bnmswiok." 

Sample  of  Indian  com. 


the 


23 


Bay  or  oandleberry  candles.    Iron  ore. 
Cornelian  stone.     Pair  of  mittens. 
Candleberry 


Bay 
24 


Sample  of  grindstone,  from  the  New  Baudon  Quarry, 
Cheleur. 


Fhaskb,  Wiluam  J. 
Two  canisters  of  preserved  salmon. 
Two  canisters  of  preserved  lobsters. 
One  canister  of  treth  ood-fish. 


24  HvTCHiBOK,  Biohabi>. 

Sample  of  pets,  second  growth,  1840. 

26  Sbablb,  Michabl. 

Osbbageseed.    Ourot  seed. 
Farsleyseed.    Onion  seed. 


27  Pobtbb,  J. 

Bushel  of  beans,  68  lbs.  per  boaheL 


970 


NOVA  SCOTIA. 


[GoLcmmA: 


28  GOODFSLLOW,  Al<BZAin)EB. 

Sample  of  white  bald  wheat. 
Oreen  peas,  68  lbs.  per  bushel. 
Bushel  of  white  beans,  68  lbs.  per  busheL 
Box  containing  bay  or  candleberry  bush  and  sea-weed 
ooraL 

Sample  of  white  bald  wheat. 

29  Chalwebs,  John. 

Samples  of  barley,  wheat,  and  oats. 


NOVA    SCOTIA. 

South  Absab,  P.  30  to  82. 

Thb  mineral  wealth  of  Nova  Scotia  fonns  the  chief 
subject  of  illustration  in  this  collection ;  and  the  objects 
exhibited  prove  the  large  extent  and  importance  of  the 
sources  of  iron  of  the  b^  kind  recently  made  available 
in  that  country.  Charcoal  iron  is  produced  in  consi- 
derable quantities,  and  is  adapted  for  the  manufacture 
of  excellent  steel.  In  addition  to  the  metalliferous 
minerals,  several  others  are  exhibited  of  interest  to  the 
geologist  and  naturalist.  The  collection  of  stuffed 
birds  and  animals  is  also  interesting,  and  is  accompanied 
by  specimens  of  native  manufactures  of  the  usual 
simple  description. — R.  E. 


Bitumen. 


Gk)irLD,  K.,  4  Tavistock  Square. 


Acadian  Iron  MnoKO  Association. 
Iron,  steel,  tin  plates,  wire,  cutlery,  bars  of  iron  and 
steel  polished,  pig  and  cast  iron. 

Abohibald,  Chables  Dickson,  F.B.S.,  15  Portland 

Place — Proprietor. 

Iron  ores  firom  the  provinoe  of  Nora  Scotia,  embracing 
magnetic  ores,  specular,  spathose,  micaceous,  ologistio, 
fossiliferous,  hematites,  hydrates,  ochres,  &o. 

[A  band  of  fossiliferous  iron  extends  along  the  edges  of 
the  Nova  Sootian  coal-field  from  a  few  nules  south  of 
Ficton  to  Annapolis :  this  is  usually  in  the  state  of  per- 
oxide. Ironstone  balls,  the  argillaceous  carbonate  of  iron, 
are  also  found  interstratified  with  the  numerous  thin 
bands  of  coal  of  this  district. — B.  H.] 

Manganese — ^peroxide,  black,  grey,  crystallized,  and 
acicular. 

Copper  ores — carbonate,  oxide. 

Barytes — sulphate,  crystallized. 

Marble — statuary,  veined,  &o. 

Ochres — red,  yeflow. 

Ankerite — a  ferruginous  variety  of  limestone  containing 
spathose  iron  ore. 

Fossils. 

Various  building  materials. 

[The  iron  ores  of  Nova  Scotia  are  of  great  richness  and 
purity.  Several  of  the  specimens  above  mentioned  yield 
upwards  of  70  per  cent.,  and  are  entirely  fr«e  from 
sulphur  and  all  other  impurities.  They  are,  moreover, 
very  abundant,  and  situated  in  the  midst  of  vast  native 
forests,  capable  of  supplying  charcoal  to  any  extent,  at  a 
very  cheap  rate.  The  principal  mines  are  within  four  or 
five  miles  of  ship  navigation ;  and  in  juxtaposition  with 
the  ores  are  found  coal,  lime,  marble,  freestone,  fine  clay, 
timber,  water-power,  and  every  requisite  for  the  manu- 
facture of  iron  on  a  large  scale.  The  great  value  of  these 
ores  consists  in  their  being  essentially  of  a  steely  nature. 
Not  only  does  the  iron  produce  steel  of  first-rate  excel- 
lence, but  large  quantities  of  steel  of  very  superior  quality 
have  been  made  direct  from  the  ores.     Tliese  mines  havi- 


been  opened,  and  a  small  establishment  of  woiks  put 
operation  during  the  last  year.  The  mode  of  redoot; 
adopted  is  what  is  called  the  Gatalan  prooeM,  by  ma 
of  which  the  ores  are  directly  oonTerted  into  bar  b 
with  charcoal  fueL] 

Specimens  to  illustrate  the  propositkni,  *I1iat 
provinoe  of  Nova  Sootia  is  capable  of  supplying  the  wl 
British  empire  with  steel  and  charcoal  ntm,  equal  to 
best  foreign  articles,  and  at  greatly  reduoed  pnoeB.** 
the  enumerated  articles  are  made  from  the  iron  and  s 
of  Nova  Scotia.    Iron — cast  and  pig,  grey,  mottled,  1 
rod,  steel  iron,  horse-nail,  &a,  manufisctured ;  tor 
specimens,  polished  ban,  tin  plate,  wire,  diea,  kc    St 
bars,  polished,  wire,  &c    Manufactured  aatidtea — frnd 
fire-irons,  sword-blades,  knives,  sdasorBy  aoxgioal  tnsl 
ments,  magnets,  pistols,  files,  edge  tools,  raaora,  fte. 

Working  models  of  a  steam-engine^  and  of  a  fan 
making  machine. 


Abtiolbs  exhibited  by  the  Cintrai.  Ooianmi,  e 

signed  to  the  oareof  Mr.  C.  D.  Abohibaij),  ForH 

Place,  Agent — ^Mr.  Maolbait,  Lobby ^  Cmeiom-ioi 

Qeologioal  prints   on   dav.    Specnnena   of  ficMk 

Yellow  and  burnt  ochre.      Mineral  jwinta.     CoaL 

fossil-tree.    Shell,  mail,  and  lime,    uon  ote^and  ot 

mineral  specimens. 

Samples  of  ood-Uver  oiL    Chemical  prepantioBs. 
Maple-sugar  in  crystals ;  pulverized ;  and  in  symp. 
Samples  of  wheat  grown  by  Indiana ;  andgrown  bj 
fimners ;  weight  64  lbs.  11  oz.  per  buaheL 

Sample  of  maple-sugar.     Proserved  fish.     Bigliy  1 
rixigs. 

Barley,  wheat,  straw,  and  oats.   Indian  oom.  Beef 
ham,  90  lbs.    Bacon,  &c 

Spechnens  of  woods :  Curled  maple,  bird'a-cye  m 
veneenred  birch,  grey  and  white  oak,  and  kpidoda 
stem. 
Young  seal-skins. 

Specimen  of  human  bones  Hiidian). 
Samples  of  hay-seed,  moose  heads,  and  home ;  can 
Collection  of  Dotanical  specimens. 
Specimens  of  preserved  animals,  birda,  and  insects. 
birds  stufied  by  Mr.  Andrew  Downs,  of  Halifkx. 

Skins  of  wild  cat  (Felit  catua)  ;  lynx  {FeUe  Ijftur) ; 
cross,  black,  silver,  and  white  fox  (varieties  of  t 
commwnie  and  Vulpee  lagopud) ;  American  hare  (J 
Americafmt)  ;  martin  {Muttela  marUee) ;  minx  ( Jfi 
lutreola) ;  raccoon  (Procyon  lotor) ;  otter  {Lmin 
garis)  ;  beaver  (Castor  Canadensis)  ;  bear  (Urwms  A 
canus)  ;  wolf  (Cams  hipus) ;  weastBl  (Mmaieia 


squirrel  (Sciurus)  ;  fiying  squirrel  (Pteromys  volmet 
sUver-grev  fox,  martin,  musquash  (^asma  soeiaUs)  \ 
coon,  and  cat-skin  sleigh  robes. 

Two  iron  castings. 

One  Indian  canoe  and  three  paddles. 

Sample  of  French  home-spun  grej,  green,  striper 
plaid  doth.  Check  home-spun,  plsod  doth,  and  1 
doth. 

Two  shawls. 

Quilts,  blankets,  woollen  hearth-roga,  Ac 

Woollen  vest.    Socks,  assorted,  lutta,  aaaoited. 

Pairs  of  fine  and  coarse  pegged  boots. 

Shoe-lasts.    Snow-shoes  w^  moccasina. 

Grass  bonnets  and  hats.  Down  hat,  muff^  vid 
andcufis. 

An  Indian  dress,  cradle,  chairs,  seats,  mats,  cigar 
and  other  Indian  work. 

Map  of  Nova  Scotia  and  hand-book.     Book  of  mi 

Piano,  in  case  of  bird's-eye  maple. 

Soap  and  candles.     Ed-spear  and  fishing-rods. 

Indian  fan,  reticule,  hood,  purse,  and  moocaeina. 

Indian  and  negro  bones  and  baskets. 

Beticules  of  grass. 


Depekdexcies.]         NEWFOUNDLAND.— BERMUDAS.— JAMAICA.— BARBADOES. 


971 


NEWFOUNDLAND. 

South  Abea>  Q.  32. 

The  ood-Iiver  oil  trade  of  Newfoundland  has  of  late 
years  undergone  great  extension,  in  consequence  of 
the  immense  consumption  of  this  drug  for  pulmonary 
and  strumous  disorders.  Tlie  unquestionahle  instances 
of  its  successful  employment  pive  prol)ability  to  the 
conjecture  that  the  manufacture  will  receive  still 
fur&ier  increase.  Cod-liver  oil  is  used  also  by  the 
preparers  of  leather.  The  inexhaustible  cod  fisheries 
oSt  this  country  form  in  themselves  a  singular  and 
interesting  part  of  its  natural  history.  The  only  con- 
tributions from  Ncwfoimdland  are  some  samples  of 
cod-liver  oil. — R.  E. 


1     StABB,  EwEif ,  Liverpool  Street^  London — Importer. 

Samples  of  cod-lirer  oil,  purified  (of  much  efficacy  in 
pulmonarj  complaints),  from  the  manufactory  of  W.  L. 
ICKay,  St.  John's,  Newfoundland. 


BERMUDAS. 

South  Area,  B.  32. 

The  contributions  of  the  Bermudas  are  placed  with 
those  of  other  colonies  on  the  south  of  the  Western 
Nave.  The  collection  from  this  remarkable  gix)up  of 
islands  is  extremely  small,  ami  consists  only  of  a  few 
specimens  of  arrow-root  and  palmetto  plait,  and  some 
miscellaneous  objects.  As  arrow-root  and  the  plait  of 
the  palmetto  leaf  are  of  importance  to  the  commerce 
of  those  islands,  they  will  be  reiarded  with  some  decree 
of  interest  as  associated  with  their  pro»i)ority. — R.  E. 


Qrat,  — . 
Specimens  of  arrow-root. 


Jackson,  H.  H.  Bermndas — Cabinet-maker. 
Chess-board  of  remarkable  workmanship,  and  exhibit- 
ing specimens  of  the  Bermudas  wood. 


Specimens  of  Natural  PRonucrioys. 

Pumice-stone. 
Bermuda  arrow-root. 
Collection  of  marine  productions. 
Model  of  Bermuda  sailing-boat. 

Model  of  a  hoop  for  a  mast,  for  the  boom  to  work  in, 
instead  of  a  "  gooBe-neck." 

Specimens  of  Bermuda  palmetto  plait. 

[Arrow-root  and  (lalmctto  plait  form  two  important 
articles  in  the  exports  of  this  group  of  islands.  The 
arrow-root  is  obtained  from  Maranfa  arundimKrea^  wliich 
is  extensively  coltivated  in  the  ii*lands,  by  first  removing 
the  scaly  portions  from  the  roots,  and  then  rasping  the 
latter  and  washing  the  powder.  The  fine  powder  ob- 
tained, after  being  profXTly  dried,  is  packed  in  tins  and 
other  cases  lined  with  paper,  and  exported.  In  IB-io,  it 
was  estimated  that  400,000  lbs.  were  made  in  these  isdands, 
three-fourths  of  which  were  iH.*nt  to  England.  Bermuda 
arrow-root  is  one  of  the  most  esteemed  varietien.  The 
palmetto  plait  is  likely  to  come  into  extensive  use  in  this 
country,  and  is  exhibited  by  several  in  a  preceding  Class.] 


JAMAICA- 
SOUTH  Area,  Q.  30. 

Jamaica  is  directly  represented  by  only  one  exhibitor. 
The  contribution  consists  of  artificial  flowers  in  imita* 
tion  of  the  gorgeous  productions  of  the  Tropics.  The 
material  employed  deserves  mention.  It  is  obtained 
from  one  of  the  Yuccas,  plants  which  are  members  of 
the  natural  order  Lilutcece ;  and,  being  of  tenacious 
fibre,  are  occasionally  used  in  the  manufacture  of 
twine»  rope,  &c, — R.  E. 

Nash,  Mrs.,  Paruh  of  Manchester. 
Ten  varieties  of  tropical  flowers,  made  fivm  the  fibre  of 
the  "  Yucca  "  or  "  Dagger-plant." 

BARBADOES. 

South  Area,  Q.  30. 

A  MOST  complete  collection  of  wax  models  has  been 
sent  from  this  island  in  illustration  of  tropical  flowers, 
fniits,  &c.  To  the  naturalist,  these  models  present  a 
valuable  opportunity  for  acquaintance  of  a  more  tan- 
gible character  than  is  derivable  from  books,  with  the 
most  valued  of  these  productions.  Among  the  speci- 
mens of  natural  produce  are  textile  fibres,  minerals, 
and  medicinal  substances,  some  of  which  are  new  and 
interesting.  The  sugar  produced  in  the  island  is  also 
represented  by  several  q)ecimens  manufactured  by 
different  processes. — H.  E. 

Models  AND  Specimens  of  Natural  PRODUCTioys, 

Fruits,  Spices,  &c. 

Cactus  (Cerens  trigonua).  Dunks  {Ziziphu*  jujuha). 
Purple  peppers  {Capsicum  purpureum).  Finger  peppers 
(Capsicum  purpureum).  Sea-side  grapes  {Coccoloba  «ri- 
fera).  Otaheite  gooseberry  {Cicca  disticha).  Golden 
apple  (Spondias  dulcis).  Pig  plum  (Spondias  dulcis). 
Water  lemon  {Passiflora  laurifolia).  Rose  apple  (Passi- 
flora  laurifolia).  Cliili  peppers  (Capsicum).  Cherry 
peppers  {Capsicum  cerasiforme).  Cashew  {Anacardium 
occidenlale).  Red  bell  pepper  {Capsicum  annuum).  Green 
bonnet  pepper  {Capsicum  letragonum).  Y'cllow  Carib 
pepper  ( Capsicum  CarUxtum) .  Mango  {Mangifera  indica) . 
Peach  mango.  Jamaica  plum.  Red  bonnet  pepper  {Cap- 
sicum tetragonum).  Star  pliuns  {Chrysophgllum  mono- 
spermum).  Green  sugar  apple  {Anona  squamosa).  Purple 
sugar  ai)plo  {Anoiui  squamosa).  Tamarinds.  Crram- 
coloured  peppers.  Guavas.  Green  bell  pepper  (C<i/»«tr«m 
annmtm),  Sapodilla  {Achrtts  sapola).  Csooa  (Theobroma 
cacao).  Limes  {Citrus  aeida).  Star  apple  (Chrysop^Uum 
Cainiio).  Red  banana  {Musa  sapientum).  Yellow  baiuina 
{Musa  sapientum.)  Avocado  ))ear  {Persea  gratissima). 
Citron  {Citrus).  Pomegranate.  Ciutard  apple  {Anona 
reticulata).  Bnmd-fruit  {Artocarpus  incisa).  Sour  sop 
(Anona  muricata).  Green  plantain  {Musa  paradisiaca). 
Vellow  plantain  {Musa  paradisiaca),  Papaw  {Carica 
Papaga).  Grape-lruit  {Citrus),  Su^^cane  {Saccharum 
officinarmm). 

Fibre  of  SfMniffh  needles. 

(.^ommon  and  Gadesden  pan  sugar. 

Gadenden  pan  Migar,  from  Yaucluse  plantation. 

The  fibre  of  the  Agave  Americana,  and  of  the  Agave 
viripAra,  u^ed  in  Central  America  for  stuffing  hammocks. 

Ine  **  Tous  leu  mois,*'  and  wax  model  of  its  flower. 

Barbadoefl  cotton.     Aloes. 

Plant  of  Spanish  needles. 

Bittmiinous  coaL 

Si,*lenite.     Lime«tone. 

Nicker  secdis  prudtice<i  by  the  Guilandina  Bonduac. 

[These  seeds  are  um^d  as  a  remedy  for  dropsical  aflec* 
tions,  and  are  in  great  repute  among  the  native  practi- 
tioners of  the  island.  Tliev  are  nent  to  determine  whether 
their  virtue  does  not  depend  upon  some  alkakndal  principle. 


[OpFICIAL  iLLrSTRATlD  CaTALOQUI.] 


4  B 


972 


BARBADOES.— TRINIDAD. 


Ill 


Thn  mode  of  fulministering  tliB  "  horsf-nitlier"— tlic 
nnculnr  nann!  for  Ihe  eeedB— is  to  jMirch  the  liernpl,  nnd 
grind  it ;   then  to  infuse  it,  liki-  coUbe,  and  give  a  i  " 
glassful  or  more  two  or  tlirec  tiraea  o-dsy.    It  ia  tbought 
that  B  ponpcntretffll  form  of  the  remudy  wooKl  be  yeej 
Taluable  ae  u  Ionic  or  iLuretip.] 

Spccimms  of  tmnspiu'ent  sugnr-nuie.      BonrboD  aiigar~ 

Sloasoma  of  transparent  and  Bourbon  eugar^oanc. 
Pcreiau  or  green  »ecd  cotton.    Tlic  vine  cotton. 
Cotlon  from  Diunerara.     Common  Bnpbadoca  cotloa. 
Chalk.     Quarti.     Pelroliiim,or  green  tur. 
ThBbulboftliii"Tomlcsmoia." 
["  Tons  lea  moia"  is  it  rariety  of  arroir-root,  produced 
by  a  species  of  cannB.] 

1  Reads,  Alfbed,  Director,  Dalehrll. 

Basket  of  regetablee,  roots,  &c.,  modelled  in  wax,  by 
Ur.  and  Un.  Braitbwaite,  of  Burbadues : — - 

Guinea  com  (Sorgitim  tmlgare).  Pigeon  peas  {Cajanat 
ladicui),  TbeSugu^bean  (fAium^iufiiiiictijt}.  Moonshine 
bonavis  {Lablab  hucocarpui).  Plnnlain  {Mum  Tara- 
ditiaca).  Giiiger  {Zti^htr  officinatf).  Egg  fruit  [Sola- 
mim  wclongtmi)-  Arrow-root  (MaraiUa  anmdinfuva). 
Indian  com  {Zen  mai/t),  Chtjstophine  (Sechium  edvie). 
Cucmnber,  Moonsbine  {Cucumit  ratiEVj).  Purple  ef^ 
plant  (Solamiin  melons""^)-  Cabbage,  Turriip.  Carrot 
{Daucvt  earoia).  Oreen  Indian  com  {Zen  mays).  Boast- 
ing eddoea  {Anm  maeroirhiiHm).  Cucumber  {Cummif 
tatirvt).  Qrecn  egg  pUnt  {Sc^nvn  melongenr}.  Lima, 
boon  {PhatroiHa  ptrfniU).  Turnip  {Braiaiea  rajw). 
Beet-root  {Jtela  rulgariji).  Pumpkin  (Cucarbita  pejta). 
"Wliite  yam  {Droaconea  tatipn).  Kod  polalo  {Bolatojt 
tdulii).  SiTBtcliing  eddoea  {Caladivm  eim/ealKm).  Cab- 
baee  {Bratrira  olrraixa).  CassaTa  {Manihot  ullliinina), 
Ydlow  potato  {Batata).  Bread-fruit  {Artocarput  in- 
ciia).  Red  ynin  {Duueorea  alata).  White  potato- 
{Batata  alba).  Madeira  eddoe  (Calndiam  lagittirfolUm). 
Squashes  {Ciic«riila  melopfjio).  Bonna  pepper  {Caiiiimm 
aagaloiKHi).    Carib  iieppcr  (CojMiriiJn).    Bell  pepper  (Cop- 


2        EiWELL,  Heskt,  Birmingham  and  Barhailoti. 

Vase  of  llowcra  and  bu'-ket  of  fnul ;  mHiiufac(im?d  for 
and   imported   by   llic  eiliibitor.     Mouldi'd   in  wni  by 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jlem^*  Bruithwaile,  of  Darbadoes. 
FloH'tri. 

Flower  fence,  or  Barbadoes  pride  {Crialpinla  ptilrher- 
rima).  Yellow  flower  fence  {Ceialpinia  Jlaridai  tutrix), 
Yotlov  jasmine  {JnimiHuni  fnitieanj).  Toua  les  moia 
{Canna  aeilrraa).  St.  Vi.ieeut  lilac  {Solanum  Sr^or- 
tkiamitn),  Murraya  {Murrojin  exotica),  Aaelepiaa  {Aiclt- 
pioj).  Croton  {Caperoaia  palathit).  Citron  blossom 
{Ciirtu  taediea).  Plumbago,  stone  cold  (Plua^ago). 
Taricgated  hibiarua  {HiUtcai  varirgatiu).  Yellow  rose 
{Roia  lulea).  Flesh-coloured  oleandiT  (.Vrn'xM  carnram). 
Orange  eordia  {Oordia  fulco  aerva).  &»  Island  coltnii 
{Ooaatrpiam  hinutuni).  Crimson  rose  (liota  eneHta), 
Musk  ochre  {Jlibineai  abtlmoitchvt).  Blua  conrolruliis 
(Cohdh/fh/iu  inajor).  Water  lemon  blos«)in  {Pasfi/lora 
faarifolia),  Pomcgrannle  blu'-nfii  [Pnnic't  Jloi-e-iilfan). 
African    lily     (Amargllit    .{[  '    ■■,■■■,  'I    i  ■>  ,\ 

ttovci  {IToj/a  carnota),     An-i' 
Common    olamdir  {Nr-ri",,- 

l'im\'ii{C/ima  ocri'fuiifiil'ii).     ~-  

ti.'Ha).     Poplar  {Thnpen:,' ,.■  \\  ■    .  ';..,  ■ 

niba).      Quwii  of  ItoBiT-    il  .    ■         i.      (ijir- 

iiinia  {Otinliiii'i  flore-p/ei4f).     •'    ■  -    .        ■  !''i'inieri/i 

Mea).     Pmnl«l'j,i,.ti,™((,,-  ■       .  I.      I.ig- 

n.m    viln.    («„«,-„™,«  -#,■,  \    :      ■   ■   .1     ,  ,.,ni„c 

(P/mnieria    bieolor).     H^.-n    ,..         /  ,        .   ■■       .' ■  ■, 

Trimiiwtl1ower(a-7wi./»i. ../  '■      :■     .  '    .( 

rjilll'-Jlore-pJeHO).  '  Purj.l.'  l,  ..... . 

Shell  plant  (J?^*,Wn  ■«?«,(.>.     w:   ■    ■ 


alba).  Bine  Tine  {OUoria  lematea).  Barb»do«  eol 
(OottgyifniBaHiadeMK).  Madeu«hc(ilb(Jfii«c/>>i^aK' 
Clm.ngcablc  roAe  {Uibitiaa  mittiUiHii).  Rose  of  t^I^ 
{HiliiiKst  fiore-pleno).  Orange  rose  of  SIiapod  {SiH 
Jlore-pUM>  lultat).  Pctren  {Pelna  TotabUit).  J 
manda  {Allamaitda  eathartica).  Terbenooi  (lerim 
9cnrlct  Brownia  {Bratema  roceJAea).  Bed  jan 
{P/amieria  rabra). 

FniU. 

Sugar-loaf  pine-apple  {Ananama  *afini).     Vaiiep 

grape    {ntit    riaifera    tairiegata).       Barbadoc*    dii 

{Malpighia   ijlabra).    Barbadoes   goosebBrrr   (iVfr" 

.™i™M.   (.'»—•»  ™  ii~p«  (n(»  ri.ift™).  1 

badocs  sea-side  grape  (Cocoloba  BarbadnuU).  ]> 
{Kzgphat  jajaha).  Water  lemon  (Poni/tora  lamrijbl 
Lemon  (Citrai),  Common  gURTa  (AiitniM  fomifen 
Qreea  star  apple  {Chryopkyllam  Jamarriue).  (iaUy 
hog  plum  (Spoadiat  litUa).  TanuLrind  {Tomaria 
ladica).  Bell  pepi>er  (Capacam  awmmtm).  Boat  ■( 
{Jamboaa  Malacccmit).  Jamaica  plum  {Spoadiu  tn 
bin),  OxxiB-poA{TAeoirtHiia  cacao).  Bourtma  iDgar« 
(Sacciamm  Olaieiteaee),  Cactus  pear  (CWnu  Irigam 
Purple  atocoilo  peat  {Per*ea  gralUtima).  Red  ad 
{Anncardivm  oeridentate) .  Ribbon  sugar-cane  (Saec 
mtnmbaiie).  China  orange  {Citnu  aKrai§iiam).  Par 
star  plum  {Chrgiopiglltm  tHoiit^h)rrtiuim).  Ooldntsp 
[Jolia  dalEin).  Bonnet  pepper  (Capticimi  trlragotm 
Limea  {Citmi  lima).  Oreen  arocado  peu-  (A-r«ra  g 
tit^ina).  Fa^v  {Cahea  papaya).  Pomegntiate  (Aa 
granaram).  Orecn  sugar  apple(JMOiii>*fwnM>w).  Pa 
mango  {Maagi/era).  Plantain  (Jfan  paraiuiac 
Yellow  banana  {Mma  nrjnenfam).  Purple  star  ap 
{Ckryaephiiliam  caralam).  Custard  apple  {Aamia  erfi 
lata).  Almooa  (TermiiniSa  calaphya).  Citron  {Cit 
uiediea).  Purple  sugar  apple  (^faosa  tqaamtami  rah 
East  India  mango  {Mangifera  iadiea).  Fnoch  ga 
{Ftidium  pvrifenm).  Yellow  easUew  (.^aofiirrftaB  oi 
denlale).  'Red  banana  (Mux  rowers).  Caiib  pen 
(CapstniBi).  Mamec  apple  (Wammeo  Jmericaiia).  0 
nadilLi  {Patrijlora  quadrangtilarit).  Pumpteuooae  ihi 
dock  (Pomplfnoaie  dtcamana),  Or«Ti  ooeoa-nul  {Ca 
aeifera).  Turkey  fig  {Fieai  perliaa).  Olaheite  goe 
berry  {Cieca  dittieAa).  Bread-fruit  {Arforarpat  iarii 
Water  melon  {Cucuniii  cilralluM).  Purple  pepptr  ^C 
liimin    nigrum).      Orape-&uit    {Fompelauu    rammoin 


TRINIDAD. 

SOCTH  Are>,  R.  31, 

HAURIfi,  Lord,   Oorernor;  Agfn/t.  LlOItTLY   £   Snu 

U^FenciarcA  SIrtrl;  ami  Mcasra.  DlMtXLL,  19  » 

mtire  Slreef,  London. 

Tub  Triniilnd  collcctioii  in  one  of  much  value  i 

iuterBBt.     It  eonniata,  however,  almost  exclusively  ii 

Belies  of  natuial  Bpectmens  and  procluctions.     lite  t' 

msiiufacturca  exliihitcd  are  of  native  worktiian»hi 

l<.'^'  c(>iii]>riae   sieves,   bnsltctB,   funis,   anil   nich-l 

II   !■         Altfniiou  wili, however, Ix'drauii  loauift 

ii   ii.ih  liut,  with  its  simple  anil  ]>Tiinitive  fi 

|||i  icmarkalilc iilicnomenon, the  jiilcli  lake, 

|:i    ■■  III.  iMn-n  variety  of  Rpociueiia  uf  jiitth;  w. 

,ken  Jruni  ils  centre,  Mime  rroni  the  Khonn,  ani)  w 

0111  the  iiirtli  ill  its  vicinity.     An  ecouoniital  ap[ 

ilioii  of  lliia  HiiliBtnnce  in  the  manufnctuTV  of  chnrci 

r  su^r  litis  TCi'ciidy  beeu  maile,  ami  may  jirovi; 

•'if.     ^lincraU,   TuctalliferoHa  on«,  clays.  4c..  j 

■  '  '■■rc\hibilioii.     TortoiBe-sliell  and  wliole- 

I  ill''  aniiniil kiu;:ik)m pruilucts.     Those  ot  I 

.    kini^Jomaremuclimon:  iiumcrous.    Amo 


Dbpexbencies.] 


TKINIDAD. 


973 


these  arc  spices,  oils,  textile  materials,  a^cultural 
products,  gums  and  resins,  dnigs,  and  lastly,  woods 
ntted  for  useful  and  for  ornamental  purix)ses.  To  many 
of  these  the  attention  of  the  naturalist,  nor  less  that 
of  the  merchant,  must  he  directed,  and  the  ultimate 
result  may  prove  of  great  henefit  to  the  island. — R.  E. 


Mineral  Kingdom. 

1.  Pitch,  from  the  springs  in  the  centre  of  the  pitch 
lake. 

[The  pitch  lake  of  Trinidad  is  the  most  remarkahle 
natural  phenomenon  of  that  island.  It  is  ahout  a  mile 
and  a  half  in  circumference,  and  in  the  ricinitj  of  Tolca- 
noes  emitting  mud.  On  the  shores  of  the  lake  the  pitch  is 
perfectly  hard  and  cold,  but  towards  the  middle  it  becomes 
softer  and  more  fluid.  The  pitch  has  not  been  much  used 
except  for  pavement,  as  it  requires  the  admixture  of  a 
large  quantity  of  oiL — D.  T.  A.] 

2.  Petroleum,  from  springs  in  the  Guapo  Hills,  near 
Uie  pitch  lake. 

3.  Cellular  pitch,  of  which  the  siu-fiM^  of  the  lake  prin- 
eipaUy  consists. 

4.  Uomnact  pitch,  which  crops  out  through  other 
strata  in  the  lands  around  the  pitch  lake. 

6.  Qlanoe  pitch,  found  in  small  detached  masses,  in  the 


6.  Pitch  turf,  from  a  pitch  bog,  in  the  same. 

7  and  8.  Pitch,  mixecf  with  organic  matter. 

9.  Mineral  charcoal,  prepared  by  Mr.  II.  "Warner,  from 
Trinidad  pitch ;  and  used  as  a  substitute  for  animal  char- 
coal in  the  manufacture  of  sugar ;  it  can  be  produced  at 
about  one-fifth  of  the  price  of  the  latter. 

10  to  14.  Petroleum,  mineral  oil,  naphtha,  ammoniacal 
water  and  coke, — prepared  from  Trinidad  pitch,  and  illus- 
trating the  process  of  making  naphtha  from  pitch. 

Trinidad  pitch  has  been  used  extensively,  and  with  suc- 
cess, as  a  flooring  for  warehouses,  &c.,  and  it  is  hkely  to 
be  exported  in  large  quantities  for  the  manufacture  of  gas. 

15.  Pitch  seam,  found  between  strata  of  sandstone. 

16.  Sandstone,  impregnated  with  mineral  oils  and 
naphtha. 

17  to  20.  Ochres,  from  the  Guapo  Hills. 
21  and  22.  Sandstone,  with   B])ecular  iron,   from   the 
Guapo  Hills. 

23.  Black  sand,  from  the  sca-sliorc  at  Guapo. 

24.  Henuitite,  from  Gaspari  island. 

25.  Magnetic  iron  ore,  from  Maraccas  valley. 

26.  Iron  pyrites,  from  the  mud  volcanoes. 

27.  Lignite,  from  Irois.  It  occurs  in  immense  quantity, 
near  the  surface. 

28.  Coal,  supposed  to  be  anthracitic,  from  Manzanilla. 

29.  Slate,  from  St.  Ann's  hills  ;  taken  from  the  surface. 
SO.  Honest  one,  from  near  Tamana. 

81.  Ochre,  from  Ariina. 

32.  Clay,  from  Arima,  used  for  making  water  jugs. 

33.  Earth  (white),  from  Arima,  used  for  white- washing 
houses,  &c. 

31.  Earth  (yellow),  from  St.  Ann*s  river. 

35.  Earth  (sulphureous),  from  near  the  pitch  lake. 

[The  island  of  Trinidad,  one  of  the  Columbian  archi- 
pelago, is  about  50  miles  in  length  from  north  to  south  and 
80  miles  across.  A  range  of  high  ground,  whose  breadth 
is  about  10  miles,  runs  along  the  northern  side  of  the 
bland,  near  the  sea,  and  rises  to  the  height  of  1,800  to 
2,100  feet,  wliile  on  the  south  are  extensive  plains,  also 
terminated  by  a  range  of  hills,  and  at  the  south-west 
extremity  are  mud  volcanoes.  A  submarine  volcano  exists 
a  Uttle  south  of  Cape  de  la  Brea.  The  pitch  lake  (described 
in  another  note)  occupies  the  highest  land  in  the  island, 
and  emits  a  strong  smell,  sensible  at  a  distance  of  10  miles. 
The  whole  island  abounds  with  mineral  oils  of  various 
kinds. 


Tlie  lignite  appears  to  be  chiefly  the  accumulation  of 
palm-wood.  The  coal  is  referred  to,  but  no  details  of  it 
have  been  forwarded. — D.  T.  A.] 

Animal  Kinodom. 

Tortoiseshell :  the  hawk*s-bill  tmrtle  is  caught  on  all 
the  coasts  of  Trinidad  and  the  Gulf  of  Paria }  the  shell 
forms  an  article  of  export. 

[This  species  of  tiutle,  Chelonia  imbriccda^  is  readily 
distinguished  from  all  others  by  the  ciroumstanoe  of  the 
plates  covering  the  back,  overlapping  each  other  hke  the 
tiles  of  a  roof.  These  plates  are  much  thicker,  also,  than 
those  of  any  other  species,  and  are  more  beautifully 
clouded.  They  are  separated  from  the  bone  by  heat,  and 
are  afterwards  flattened,  smoothed,  and  even  united  by 
their  edges,  by  pressure  at  various  degrees  of  temperature. 
Even  the  fragments  and  filings  are  capable  of  being 
rendered  useful  by  being  subject  to  heavy  pressiuv  in 
moulds,  when  heated  to  the  temperature  of  boiling  water. 
— T.  B.] 

Specimens  of  whale  oil. 

[The  whale  is  caught  in  the  Gulf  of  Paria.  It  usually 
makes  its  appearance  about  January,  when  the  fishing 
season  begins,  and  lasts  till  Juno ;  from  12  to  18  fish  are 
caught  annually,  each  giving  from  60  to  80  barrels  of  oiL] 

Yeoetable  Ejxgdom. — {OUt  and  Falty  Suhsiances,) 

Cocoa-nut  oiL 

[A  large  quantity  of  this  oil  is  made  in  the  island,  chiefly 
on  the  cast  coast,  where,  in  one  locahty,  there  is  an  unin- 
terrupted belt  of  cocoa-nut  trees,  14  mfles  in  extent;  they 
usually  bear  nuts  when  five  years  old.] 

Carap  oiL 

[This  oU  is  made  from  the  seeds  of  a  common  indige* 
nous  tree,  called  Carapa  guianentUy  and  is  highly 
esteemed  as  an  unguent  for  the  hair,  for  applying  to  the 
woimds  of  animals,  for  destroying  ticks  and  other  insects 
which  infest  cattle,  and  for  the  cure  of  rheiunatism.] 

Cocoa  &t :  this  butter-like  substance  is  obtained  from 
the  seeds  of  Theobrama  cacao,  and  is  esteemed  as  an 
emoUient. 

Spices. 

Specimens  of  nutmegs. 

[The  nutmegs  grown  in  Trinidad  are  cousidered  to  be 
equal  to  any  from  the  East,  as  the  tree  thrivi^s  well  in 
this  climate.  The  annual  produce  per  tree  varies  from  10 
to  15  lbs.] 

Cloves  :  this  tree  boars  an  abundant  crop  twice  in  the 
year ;  the  produce  is  of  good  qiudity. 

Black  pepper :  the  plant  thrives  well,  and  is  very  prohflc. 

Cayenne  pep|H*r :  the  smaller  kinds  of  ca|)«icum  (bird 
pcppiT)  are  rcry  abundant,  and  when  dried  and  ground, 
make  good  cayenne  pepper. 

Yaiulla :  there  are  three  different  species  of  vanilla,  all 
producing  this  higlily-aromatic  pod,  and  all  indigenous  to 
the  colony. 

Fibres. 

Specimens  of  cotton. 

[This,  although  not  cultivated  for  many  years,  readily 
suits  itself  to  the  soil  and  climate ;  the  specimen  sent  is 
grown  from  that  variety  called  Sea  Island  cotton,  a  few 
seeds  of  wliich  were  imported  into  Trinidad,  in  Janiuuy 
last  year,  from  Jamaica.  The  quality  or  staple  is  better 
than  that  of  many  other  kinds.  Several  persons  are  cul- 
tivating cotton  at  present  aa  a  trial  crop.] 

Broroelia  (KartUa)  :  this  plant  is  indigenous  to  tlie 
i<ilflii<l,   and,    hke   all  the   pine-a^iple  tribe,   furnishes  a 
stronir  and  soft  fibfre. 
I  4  B  2 


974 


TRINIDAD. 


rCoLOSlEg  ASU 


StercuHa  {Caribrea  or  Majagna)  :  the  bark  of  this  tree 
furnishes  the  country  people  with  cordage,  and  is  strong. 

Agave  {Vimpara  or  Langue  hcrnf)  :  all  the  species  of 
agave  furnish  a  white,  but  somewhat  hursh  or  brittle  fibre. 

Agbicultfral  Peodtjots. 

Specimens  of  sugar  (Muscovado), 

[This  is  the  staple  product  of  the  colony,  and  great 
exertions  are  being  made  to  improve  its  quality.  Mr.  H. 
Warner,  of  this  island,  has  succeeded  in  making  a  white 
muscovado  sugar  (by  a  peculiar  process  with  mineral  char- 
coal, made  from  the  pitch  of  Trinidad),  boiled  in  open 
pan;  the  specimen  sent  is  a  sample  by  this  process.] 

Specimen  of  rice. 

[This  article  is  productive  in  any  part  of  the  island, 
whether  the  land  be  high  or  low ;  its  cultivation  is  not 
imhealthy  in  Trinidad,  as  in  drier  climates,  where  the  land 
must  be  rendered  swampy,  for  its  successful  cultivation.] 

Specimens  of  cassava  starch. 

[Tliese  are  the  produce  of  Jatropha  manihot  (or  bitter 
cassava).  This  plant  is  extensively  cultivated.  Few  plants 
give  so  great  return  for  the  amount  of  labour  bestowed 
on  it ;  it  forms  the  chief  bread-stuff  of  the  lower  classes. 
Cassava  ci^es  are  made  from  its  grated  roots  ;  the  pulp  is 
placed  in  a  strainer  (culebra),  and  after  the  poisonous  juice 
is  expressed,  it  is  baked  on  a  hot  pan ;  they  resemble  oat- 
meal cakes  in  appearance.  The  starch  is  obtained  from 
the  smaller  particles  which  pass  through  the  strainer  in 
a  state  of  solution :  it  is  then  allowed  to  subside,  and  the 
water  is  separated  from  the  starch,  which  is  dried  in  the 
sun.  This  water  is  boiled  down  to  a  thick  syrup :  in  the 
course  of  this  operation  its  poisonous  properties  disap- 
pear, and  it  then  forms  the  well-known  West  Indian 
sauce — Casaripe.] 

Arrow-root :  the  produce  of  Marania  arundinaceay  and 
other  species.     This  plant  produces  abundantly. 

Tous  les  mois,  or  tulema :  the  produce  of  Canna  coc- 
Httea. 

[This,  as  well  as  the  former,  gives  a  large  return  of 
starch.  It  is  said  that  the  produce  per  acre,  in  good  soil, 
is  equal  to  that  of  sugar  from  the  sugar-cane,  viz.,  from 
one  to  two  tons  per  acre.  The  starches  from  both  plants 
are  manufactured  in  a  similar  manner :  the  thick  fleshy 
corms  are  washed  and  passed  through  a  series  of  rollers, 
then  stirred  rapidly  in  large  vats,  in  order  to  precipitate 
the  starch,  which  is  afterwards  washed  several  times,  and 
dried  in  the  sun.] 

Brazil  nuts  :  the  produce  of  Bertholettia  exceha.  The 
tree  has  been  introduced  from  South  America,  and  is 
ornamental  and  usefuL 

Tonquin  bean :  the  tree,  Dipterix  odorata,  was  intro- 
duced from  British  Guiana. 

Indian  com,  or  maize. 

Coffee  (Mocha)  :  this  variety  of  coffee  has  been  intro- 
duced some  years,  and  preserves,  in  cultivation,  its  pe- 
culiarly smaU  round  grain. 

Theobroma,  cacao,  or  cocoa :  this  tree  is  extensively 
cultivated ;  its  produce  forms  a  largo  article  of  export. 
The  soil  and  climate  of  Trinidad  combine  to  make  it  very 
productive.  Tlie  annual  export  of  late  years  has  been 
above  4,000,000  of  pounds. 

Cocoa,  or  chocolate,  manufactured. 

Tobacco,  in  the  leaf,  from  Si])aria. 

Tobacco,  manufactured,  from  the  same  place. 

Chims  and  Resins, 

Gimi  anime :  from  Arima,  tlie  produce  of  Hymeneea 
courbariL 

Incense  :  the  produce  of  Tnchilia  irinitensis. 


MMUcinal  ProducU. 

Sarsaparilla :  the  produce  of  Smilax,  and  abundant. 
Ginger. 

Tanning  and  Dyeing  MaieridU. 
Turmeric,  logwood,  and  fuatia 

Woods  for  Ornamental  and  other  ^mrposes, 

Hymensa  courbaril,  or  locust :  a  valuable  timber,  aod 
abundant,  which  grows  from  two  to  six  feet  in  diameter. 

Yoke:  a  han&ome  wood,  analogous  to  mabpgiiiv, 
usually  from  two  to  three  feet  diameter. 

Cedrela  odorata:  West  Indian  oedar;  a  useful  sad 
ornamental  timber,  from  three  to  twelve  feet  in  diamelcr. 

Bhopala  montana  {Aguatapana)  :  a  wood  very  dnraMi^ 
and  taking  a  fine  polish ;  growing  from  18  inches  to  I 
feet  in  diameter. 

Tapana :  used  for  felloes  of  wheels,  and  wbere  stimgtk 
and  toughness  are  required. 

Cordia  (or  Sepe)  :  a  useful  light  wood,  analogoai  to 
English  elm  in  texture,  and  possessing  a  bitter  prindpfe 
obnoxious  to  insects ;  from  one  to  two  fiset  in  dismetcr. 

Acaras  (Balata)  :  a  timber  much  used ;  from  two  to 
six  feet  in  diameter. 

Achras  {Acoma  or  Mastic) :  like  the  timber  of  the 
whole  family  of  Sapotaclie  much  valued ;  from  two  to 
four  feet  in  diameter. 

Achras  (Zapotilla  or  Zapodilla). 

Astrocaryum  aculeatum  {Ori  gri)  :  this,  like  most  of 
the  palm  tribe,  furmshes  good  material  for  veueciiug. 

Acrocomia  sclerocarpa  (Chru  gru)  :  a  wood  similsr  to 
the  last. 

Carapa  guianensis  (or  Carapa)  :  a  useful  timber,  anafe- 
gous  to  cedar ;  from  two  to  three  feet  in  diameter. 

Bucida  buceras  {or  Olivia)  :  a  strong  useful  wood,  com- 
monly used  for  malung  shingles ;  from  two  to  four  feK  in 
diameter. 

Purple  heart :  an  abundant  and  useful  timber,  frooi  two 
to  four  feet  in  diameter. 

Fui^tic  :  used  for  all  purposes  where  strength  is  required, 
and  as  a  dyewood ;  from  one  to  three  feet  in  diameter. 

Lecythis  (Idutamon  or  Aguaiacaro)  :  commonly  used 
as  shafts  for  carts,  &c. ;  a  tough  wood  of  large  sixe,  and 
very  common. 

Tecoma  serratifolia  (greg  pout)  ;  Tecoma  (black  pom) ; 
Tecoma  (green  poui). 

[These  bignoniaceous  trees  furnish  hard  and  dnnbk 
woods  ;  their  timber  takes  a  fine  polish,  and  has  a  pecu- 
liar colour ;  they  furnish  the  most  useful  timbers  of  tbe 
colony ;  they  are  very  abundant,  and  of  lai^  siae,  froan 
three  to  four  feet  in  diameter.] 

Brosimum  guianens  (Letter-woo^  :  the  heart  wood  if 
the  only  part  used,  and  is  never  of  any  great  aiae. 

Crescentia  cujete  (or  calahash) :  furmshes  a  timber 
applicable  to  the  same  purposes,  as  that  of  the  ask  ia 
England ;  it  is  used  for  boat-building ;  is  very  toogk ; 
and  a  common  tree  in  the  woods  ;  about  two  feet  is 
diameter. 

QteofSrojA  inermis  (or  VAngeline)  ;  a  timber  modi  em- 
ployed as  naves  for  wheels  and  other  purposes. 

Paltivia.     Bois  gri  (or  »roa-f«)od). 

Mimosa  juliflora  (Yoke  savan)  ;  a  hard  and  use^ 
wood. 

Roble :  a  common  and  excellent  wood,  from  two  to  three 
feet  in  diameter. 

Copaifera  officinalis  (Copat)  :  is  an  ornamental  and  last* 
ing  wood. 

Vit^x  capitata:  this  tree  is  reckoned  durable  timber, 
and  is  very  common. 

Bois  lizard — Guaiaciun  officinale  {Ijignmm  tiiai) :  rerj 
hard  wood,  about  one  foot  in  diameter. 

MAJfrFACTURES,  Gbxamextal  Sssds,  &e. 

Sieve,  made  of  a  species  of  Maranta,  for  sifting  cassati 
me^. 


TRINIDAD.— ANTIGUA.-aT.  VINCENT.— BAHAMAS. 


«T5 


Ibe  CMMTB  stirch. 


Fuu,  for  Udin. 

Fiih-baaket,  u  lued  bj  the  Indiana. 

Seedi  (onumeDtml) :  wedi  UMd  for  beads  of  dillbrent 
kind*.  Til.,  Admanthcra  paronioa,  Coii  lachiTmi, 
Kiythriiu  oanllodendron,  Onnoaia  dujcupo. 

[Of  the  planta  which  funiijh  Mtedi  adapted  for  beadi, 
the  CMx  lackrynui  la  a  tropical  gna,  indigenous  in  the 
Zait  Indie* — introduced  into  the  Weet  Indie*.  It*  wedi, 
or,  more  properly,  fruit*,  are  hard  and  itonj,  and  hsTe  a 
beautiftd  pearlj  luitre;  thej  are  popularlj  knmm  ■■  Job'* 
Tean.  The  other*  are  l^uminoiu  planta,  whoae  aeeda, 
jgofoij  ao  called,  are  rentarkable  for  hardnm  and  bcsutj. 
Mtytinaa  torallodendron  ii  a  member  of  the  kidnej-bewi 
gnx^i ;  .djltnanikera  pavonina,  a  tree  of  the  mimoaa  tribe, 
ia  often  called  "  red  *aadal-irood ; "  Ormoiia  darjicarpa 
ia  the  necklaoe-tree)  it*  aeedi  ar«  of  a  moat  brilliant  red 
hoe,  with  a  black  eye.— E.  F.] 


■  Tinlli— Cw  iwl. 
T  TnpialH-Uird  lew  piHrii 
wrraim   10  vitnet   t 

'  Hdor— FWilim-rad. 


MOunrt— Badut  euTlnl   ai 

llHbKk. 

11  nsaiUa-lndlu  tin). 


liat,  as  contnila  of  an  Indian  hut,  are  of  Bpaniah  or  of 
laodem  W«t  Indian  origin  ;  ao  are  the  tenn*  applied  to 
them.  Of  the  Tcgetable  subatanoe*  ellubil«d,  •ereral,  as 
■rell  a*  ae«eral  utenaila,  concern  the  caisara,  or  eaasada,  a 
valuable  article  of  food  in  the  Weat  Indie*.  It  is  prepared 
from  the  roots  of  (he  MamJuyl  tUilimma,  or  JatropJui 
ntmuAof,  a  shrub  of  the  apurge  tribe.  The  large  roots  of 
this  plant  are  full  of  poisonous  juice,  but  when  rasped, 
leashed,  and  heated,  the  remaining  substance  is  the  nutri- 
I  ire  cassaTa,  and  the  starch  is  tapioca.  Of  other  regetablw 
laeutioned,  the  Cariudopica  teandeiu  is  a  plant  of  the  Pais- 
iJauu^  or  screiT-pine  tribe;  the  i)«*iiH>i)«tw  is  a  spin j  palm  j 
ihe  Artca  oleraeta  is  the  fiunoos  Wcet  Indian  cabbage- 
l«Jm,  of  which  the  terminal  bud  filmisbe*  a  Taluable  and 
ilelicious  article  of  food ;  Ibe  Jf<iin«iru  ia  also  a  palm  [ 
the  ScUria  is  a  kind  of  sedge ;  the  Potkot  a  plant  of  the 
Arum  tritwi  and  the  rarious  kinds  of  Marauia  are  arrow- 
root plants.  The  "Jack  Spaniard"  ia  a  kind  of  waap. — 
IS.  F,] 

ANTIGUA. 

SoriH  Asu,  Q.  30. 

Qkkt,  The  Count«as. 

Fo**il  wood  from  Antigua,  sent  home  by  Qorenior 

Higginaon. 


WOalli 


[The  Indians  of  Trinidad  were  of  the  section  of  Caribe 
known  ■■  Vaoi.  Like  other  member*  of  the  Carib  race, 
the  pure  breed  i*  scarcelj,  if  at  all,  eiiating  now.  The 
greater  number  of  aitidea  enumcnted  in  Um  pnoediog 


ST.    VINCENT. 

South  Abea,  Q.  30. 
Oke  exLiliitur  from  St.  Vincent  has  sect  coDtributiona 
ID  the  Exhibition.     The  articles  forwarded  coDsiit  of 
legctablo  materials  employed  in  baaket-makiug,  and 
lor  coane  textile  purjtuacs. — It.  E. 

BvLLOCE,  O.,  81.  Iiaonaf. 

A  aelection  of  aupple-jack*. 

Arooma,  a*  it  grows.    Arooma  prepared  by  the  Carib* 
for  making  basket*. 

,    Uabant  a*  it  grow* ;  the  bark  being  the  part  used, 
a  Uahant  bark  unprepared. 

Mahant  bark  prepared  for  twisting  into  flshiiig-tiDca. 

I^peto  in  the  raw  state. 

Lapeto  prepared  to  be  worked. 

lApeto  in  fine  and  coarse  line*,  for  Oshing,  being  rrrj 
•trang  for  the  purpose. 

BAHAMAS. 

SocTB  Amu,  B.  31. 
Six  exiiibitore  only  appear  to  represent  thete  island*  at 
Ibe  Exhibition.  Their  cuntributioni  rdale  exclusively 
to  the  pro<lucla  of  the  vegetable  and  animal  kingdoms, 
ind  of  tliuec  only  a  very  aniall  number  are  exhibited. 
The  models  of  fniit  in  wax  fonn  an  inlerciling  aeries, 
ind  repreacDt  with  fidelity  some  of  the  moat  hlghly- 
I  >teenie<l  vegetable  delicaciea  of  western  produce, 
Vucca  hemp  and  palmetto  stuff  are  likewiae  exhibited. 
llie  beautiful  white  and  coloured  raaea  of  shells, 
uathered  fnim  the  shores  of  the  Bahamas,  are  very 
.attractive  ohjccla.  Sporirocns  of  Weat  India  iponiw 
md  timber  are  al»ofound  among  other  article*. —K,  B. 


BAanrrr,  Mr».  KnWiW),  (^  ifamw,  a»d  14 
Wolmnt  SgMP*,  Z<nHioa— Produoer. 
Specimens  of  Fmit*  in  Wax  : — 
1  Bread-fruit  {Artocaryiu  iiteua). 
8  Plantain  <Jfua  it^ietUium). 
8  Coco  plum  (C»ryw6o/o«a«  learo). 
1  Frickfy  pears  ICactm  (^mntia). 


i!I^ 


976 


GRENADA  .—MONTSERR  AT  .—ST.  KITT'S.— BRITISH  GUIANA.        [CoLOiOEg  a: 


I 


6  Cashew  (Ancusardium  occidentale). 

7  Spanish  pepper  (Capsicum  annuum). 

8  Star-apple — showing   the  interior   {Chrytophifllum 

cainUo). 

9  Papaw  {Carica papayci), 

10  Spanish  pliun  {Spandias  chrysohalanus). 

11  Grooseberry  {Cicca  disticha). 

12  Water-lemon  (Pcusijlora  lawrifoUa). 

13  Aqui. 

14  Sugar-apple  (Anona squamosa). 

15  Bfldsam  (Impatiens  noli  me  tangere). 

16  Star-apple  {Chrysophyllwn  cainito), 

17  Fig  {Ficus  carica). 

18  Sugar-cane  {Saccharum  offlcinarum), 

19  Banana — showing  the  interior  {Musa  parcuUsiaea). 

20  Sour  sop  (Anona  muricata), 

21  Guaya  (Fsidium  pyriferum), 

22  Custard-apple  (Anona  reticulata), 

23  Cherry  (Cordia  collococca). 

24  Guaya — showing  the  interior  (Psidium  pyriferum). 

25  Sapodilla — showing  the  interior  (Achras  sapodilla). 

26  Hog-plum  (Spondicu  myrobalans). 

27  Br«Mi-firuit— -showing  the  interior  (Artocarpus  in- 
dsa), 

28  Mango  (Manffifera  indica). 

29  Ayocado  pear — cut  to  show  the  interior  (Persea 

yratissima). 

30  Banana — ^red  (Musa  paradisiaca), 

31  Fig  banana  (Musa  coccinea), 

32  Sapodilla  (Achras  sapodilla). 


Thompson,  John  Thoicas,  Nassau — Producer. 
Specimens  of  Yucca  hemp  prepared  by  the  exhibitor : — 
A  One  leaf  of  the  Yucca  (Serrulata), 
B  The  billets  between  which  they  are  packed  cut  from 
the  flower-shaft. 

[This  cork-like  material  is  of  use  where  softness  and 
elasticity  are  required  in  bedding,  or  stuffing,  or  packing 
different  sorts  of  work;  in  bodies  of  razor-strops.  In  thick 
or  thin  sheets,  it  is  yery  conyenient  for  purposes  where 
points  haye  to  be  fixed  and  withdrawn  easily,  such  as  cases 
for  entomological  purposes.] 

C  Hemp  prepared  fix)m  the  Yucca  leaf.  • 

D  Rope  prepared  from  the  hemp,  but  stained  in  soaking 
E  The  same  of  the  natural  colour. 

Specimens  of  palmetto  stuff: — 

1  Leayes  of  the  palmetto. 

2  Fibre  prepared  from  the  leaves. 

3  Rope  completed. 


NicOLLS,  Miss  Caboldtb,  Nassau — Producer. 
Crown  and  pedestal  of  shell  work. 

Grant,  Miss,  Nassau — Producer. 
Vase  manufactured  of  the  mimosa  bean. 


'I 


Babnbs  &  Co.,  Nassau — Producers. 

Case  of  specimens  of  different  varieties  of  West  Indian 
sponge. 

Specimens  of  woods,  including  satin-wood,  horseflesh, 
mahogany,  commonly  called  Madeira,  horseflesh  mahogany, 
cedar,  crab-wood,  log-wood,  stopper-wood,  and  lignum 
vitae. 

Gbeio,  The  Misses,  Nassau — Manufacturers. 

An  epergne  composed  entirely  of  shells,  forming  cornu- 
copias filled  with  flowers,  in  great  variety  of  colour  and 
beauty  :  the  whole  of  the  shells  were  gathered  from  the 
shores  of  the  Bahamas.  (ConsigneeSy  Messrs.  Daniell, 
18  Wlymore  Street ^  London.) 

A  large  vase,  with  group  of  flowers,  composed  entirely 
of  pure  wliite  shells. 

A  figure  in  a  fancy  costume,  of  shell-work. 

(Forwarded  by  GovemopGregory  to  J.  B.  Cameron,  Esq.) 


GRENADA. 

South  Abea,  R.  30. 

Tapioca  and  nutmegs  fonn  the  only  articles  rep 
senting  Grenada  at  the  Exhibition.  These  ]»roTe 
no  means  the  most  important  articles  of  export  fr 
this  island ;  but  one  of  them,  nutmegs,  is  interest: 
as  being  of  recent  introduction  into  cultivation. — R. 


Gbose,  Hsnby,  12  Coleman  Street^ 

Importer. 
Tapioca :  prepared  fi!X>m  the  roots  of  the  csBnra  jdi 
and  forming  a  highly-nutritiooB   article   of  food.     *] 
plant  is  extremely  prolific  and  easy  of  cult irat  ion. 

Nutmegs  :  introduced  into  the  island  by  Mr.  Kemw 
in  1827.  The  export  to  the  United  Kingdom  smouD 
in  1850  to  1,400  lbs. 


MONTSERRAT. 

South  Absa,  Q.  10. 

Two  articles  only  appear  to  represent  Montaern 
these  are  both  articles  of  fooil. — R.  K. 


A  box  of  maize  or  Indian  com. 
A  box  of  arrow-root. 


ST.    KITT'S. 

South  Area,  R.  30. 

This  island  is  represented  by  one  exhibitor,  a  nsti 
black  labourer.  The  contribution  furnished  is  a  tishii 
utensil,  made  out  of  the  inner  bark  of  a  tree. — R.  E 

A  West  Indian  fish-pot,  made  by  John  Morris,  a  Ui 
labourer,  in  the  Island  of  St.  Christopher,  from  the  in 
bark  of  a  tree. 

It  is  usually  baited  and  weighted,  and  then  sunk  to 
depth  of  eight  or  ten  fathoms.     A  buoy  marks  the  ^ 
and  it  remains  about  twelve  hours  in  the  water. 


BRITISH   GUIANA. 

South  Abea,  R.  32. 

About  one  hundred  and  sixty  exhihitors  appear 
represent  this  most  interesting  colony.     The  conthl 
tions  forwarded  belong  almost  exclusively  to  the  t 
section  of  the  classification  of  the  Exhibiticm.     Th 
are  a  few  specimens  of  native  manufactures  in  w< 
and  woven  work,  as  the  shaak-shaak,  used  to  mak< 
noise  in  the  dances  ;  the  singular  baskets  used 
Indian  women  to  carrv  their  children  in,  flv-brusl 
baskets  made  of  the  cablmge-palm,  fans  of  the 
palm,  &c.     But  these  exhibit  simply  that  neat  1 
rude  and  simple  industry  which,  with  little  or 
elaboration  of  the  raw  material,  produces  impleme 
and  ornaments  from  the  most  convenient  sul^tan 
yielded  by  nature.   The  articles  in  the  first  four  Clas 
are  extremely  valuable  and  interesting,  not  only  to 
naturalist,  but  also  in  a  commercial  point  of  view.   1 
arrow-root,  starches,  tapioca,  coffee,  cotton,  sugar,  : 
timlx?r,  abundantly  yielded  by  plants  in  this  prol 
colony,  are  well  represented.     Several  of  the  contri 
tions  arc  experimental  in  their  tendency,  and  L. 
l)ccn  made  with  a  view  to  Icam  the  prol»ahility  \.A 
development  of  a  commercial  demancl  for  these  artic 
The  timlx'F  of  this  colony  will  proliably  ultimately 
come  valuable  in  commerce.     Several  medicinal'  ] 
ducts  are  likewise  exhibited, — R.  E. 


DKPEN'DEXaiM.] 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


Cataloqce  or  Abticlks,  Ibo  Produco  of  BeiTien 
OrujiJ^  >  colon;  on  llie  roast  ofSoFTii  Ahkbici, 
eomprising  the  coimtin  of  Dkhkraiia,  Berbicb, 
and  EsaE^CEBO,  exhibited  hj  Alexikder  F. 
RlDOWAT,  42  Lvicealer  Squuv,  London,  Accent  to 
the  Royal  Aericullunl  aiid  Conuuerci>l  Society  of 
the  Colony. 

FOLUKD,  T.  U. 

1  White  raod,  from  Mount  PtuMuit,Warntilla  Creek, 
Stiter  Deatenn. 

[Thin  Mod  hM  been  cipoHed  lo  tUe  United  8tftte»  of 
Ancrria  for  the  purpose  of  gUsa-niiiking.] 

2  Bed  wnd,  from  Wurrataia  Creek,  Hirer  Denioram. 

DuooiN,  T.  U. 

3  White  wnd,  from  Monle  Vidro,  Eiver  Berbice, 
•bout  300  mileB  aborc  it*  catiuu^'. 

4  Oreala,  a  decompocxl  rock,  from  Rircr  Btrbice, 
■uppoied  lo  be  raJuable  in  the  miuiufacture  of  pottery. 

[The  focli*  yielding  the  moleriaU  of  ordinary  pottery 
are  of  tlie  gronilie  and  porphyritic  eeritu.  The  iigcnc:y  of 
•low  but  continued  deoompoMlion,  by  almoBphoric  gut* 
trad  nter,  eaiuei  the  Hrparation  of  their  hard  inaterialB, 
And  their  molution  inU>  a  aolt  friable  inus,  now  often 
called  porcelain  elay.  This  decomposition  affBCta  the 
febpsr  compoaing  the*e  rocks.  Tlie  rock  in  question  in  iu 
•11  probability  ■  febpatliic  rock.~R.  E.] 
BiE,  J.  F. 
b  Clays  and  eandi,  from  an  Artesian  boring,  and 
obtained  at  Tarioua  depths. 

[These  clays  and  sanib  were  obtained  at  Tarioku  depths 
from  an  Artesian  baring.  This  boring,  4  inches  in  dia- 
meter and  llSftet  in  depth,  on  PluilsUon  Woodlands, 
tme  mile  from  Ihu  mouth  of  I  lie  Mahaiea  BiTcr,  vas  exe- 
cuted between  6th  and  !2nd  Octubor,  ll^lt),  by  Mr.  John 
Alll.  The  water  is  delivcn'd  IN  inches  above  the  suriace 
of  the  soil,  and  is  greatly  increased  in  quantity  by  the 
Hood  of  ipring  tidea,  like  all  other  Artesian  borings  of  the 
(xdony.  The  fbUowiag  memorandum  was  taken  during 
the  proocM  of  boring  : — 1  to  6  fcol,  surface  schI  ;  G  £»t, 
bjer  of  caddy  g  7  to  9  feel,  blue  elay  ;  9  to  SO  f>?ct.  Soil 
mud  miied  with  caddy,  in  wliich  Ihc  auger  went  down  by 
its  own  weight ;  39  to  53  fivt,  rollen  wood  and  |>egB»,  or 
decayed  Tegelable  matter',  63  to  65  fi-vt,  bluish-grey  day, 
■f iff;  5u  to  ST  li.i.'l,  ela;,  a  little  red  and  grey ;  57  to 
70  leet,  reddish  cUy  ;  70  to  82  feet  10  inelicf,  yellowiah- 
grey  clay,  with  a  Ultlu  sand  and  oehre,  Teiy  stiff;  62  feet 
10  inehn  to  60  feet  8  inches,  hluuh-grvy  clay,  tlrcaknl ; 
86  fiiet  8  inchn  to  02  fn-t,  liluiih-grey  <'lBy,  streaki'd,  more 
jcllow.  Tlie  bnl  of  nand  from  nhich  the  water  is  obtaiuitl 
waa  rew:hc(l  at  a  depth  of  118  feet,  and  the  ume  itratiim 
waa  found  at  a  depth  of  125  feet.  The  numbiTi  on  the 
SI  speeimens  sent  indicate  Ihc  depth  in  feet  at  whieh  they 
WI90  obtained. 

There  are  a  eonaiderablc  niftnber  of  ArtMian  wells  in 
thia  colony :  the  water  is  not,  howcrer,  pure.  It  eonlains 
■  large  quantity  of  oiide  of  iron,  held  in  solution  by  car- 
bonir  ai-id.  Tliis  separata  as  a  yellow  deposit  on  cipo- 
■Ute  of  the  water  lo  Iho  air, —  B.  E.] 

NuTBcnEB,  A.  D.  Viky  dib  Oov. 

6  Rice,  from   Plantation   K3ein    Pouderoyen,   ItiTer 

Dronis,  T.  B. 

7  Bice,  from  Monle  Vidro,  Hirer  Bertnce, 

[Tlio  colony  of  British  Guiana  is  croincnlly  faTouraUe 
for  the  cultiralion  of  riee.  It  ia  worthy  of  remark,  tliat 
three  crope  can  be  obtained  amtuallg  in  thii  ooluoy  frvm 


K'etsciier,  a  D.  Tiy  dek  Oon. 
n  Maiie,  or   Indian   corn,    from    Plantation    Klrin 
Pouderojcn,  Kiier  Dcmcrara. 

[Tlie  maiic  (Zra  huii/i,  Lin.)  grown  in  Britiah  Guiana, 
commands  a  higher  priee  in  tlie  market  than  thiLt  imported 
from  the  United  State*  of  America,  from  which  the  chief 
supply  is  derived.] 

3  Meal  from  maize,  or  Indian  com,  from  Plantation 
Klein  Poudcroyen,  Riicr  Dememra. 

10  PloiitBinn,  unripe,  sliced  and  dried  without  the  aid 
of  fire,  from  Plantation  Klein  Fouderoycn,  Biver 
Demerwa, 

[Tlio  plantain  {Ma*a  paradUiaea)  has  frequently  been 
BUggeeted  as  an  article  of  eiport..  In  ita  ripe  stale,  no 
unciceplionablo  and  suffldently  cheap  method  of  pre- 
serving it  hns  yet  been  suggested.  It  is  aomclimes  ao 
abundant  and  cheap  that  it  might,  if  cut  and  dried  in  ita 
green  state,  bo  exported  with  adrantage.  It  i«  in  this 
unripe  stale  that  it  is  so  largely  uaod  by  the  peasantry  of 
this  colony  as  an  article  of  food.  It  has  always  been 
believed  lobe  highly  nutritive  ;  but  thla  is  scaroely  juitiHed 
by  analyses. 

Wlien  dried  and  reduced  to  the  state  of  meal,  it  eamiot, 
iko  wheat  flour,  bo  manufacl  ured  into  maeearoni  or  ver- 
micelli, or  at  least  the  maccanini  made  from  it  {alls  to 
powder  wlien  put  into  hot  water.  The  frceh  plantain, 
ver,  when  boiled  whole,  forms  a  denae  firm  maw, 
of  greater  consistency  end  loughncN  than  the  potato. 
"■  "s  mnas,  beaten  in  a  mortar,  constitute*  the  foo-fuo  of 
negroe*.  Tlie  plantain  meal  cannot  be  got  into  thia 
e  unless  by  niiiing  it  up  with  watn  to  form  a  st  iff 
dough,  and  tlien  boiling  it  in  ahape*  or  bound  in  clolha.] 

11  Plantain  meal,  or  konkin  tay,  from  Plantation 
lein  Poudcroyen,  Eivor  Demeran. 

[Plantain  meal  is  prepared  by  stripping  off  tlie  busk  of 

e  plantain,  slicing  the  core,  and  drying  it  in  the  sun. 

^Mien  LhorouglUy  di^',  it  is  powdered  and  sifted.     It  ia 

n  among  tlio  Creole*  of  the  colony  under  the  name 

of  Conqm»-tag.     It  has  a   fragrant  odour,  acquired  in 

drying,  aoiucwhat  trtembling  fresh  Itay  or  tea.      It  ia 

largely  euipluyed  as  the  fowl  of  inlanlB,  children,  and 

ahil*.    A*  fixMl  for  children  and  convalescents,  il  would 

probably  be  much  esteemed  in  Europe,  and  it  dctcrvca  a 

'  '  3n  account  nf  ill  frafpance,  and  it*  being  eiceediiigly 

ea^  of  digestion.     Ill  rrajircl  of  nutrititeness,  it  dcservei 

prrfvivnco  over  all  the  ]>uro  starches  on  account  of  Ibo 

rutnne  compounds  il  conlaina. 

The  flavour  of  tlie  meal  depends  a  good  deal  on  tlie 
ipiilily  with  which  the  slices  are  dried  ;  hence  I  lie  opcre- 
on  is  only  fliled  for  drf  weather.  Above  all,  the  plan- 
tain must  not  be  allowed  to  approach  loo  closely  lo  yellow-  ' 
or  ripene**,  olherwiso  it  become*  impoasible  lo  1I17 
Tlie  colour  of  the  meal  is  ii^ured  when  steel  knivea 
are  used  in  husking  or  slicing,  but  silver  or  nickri  bladea 
do  not  injure  lite  colour.  Were  the  pbutain  meal  toeoma 
LiBO  in  England,  and  bear  a  price  in  any  way  ap- 
proaching to  lliat  of  Dcrmuda  arraw-root,  il  would  bvcome 
lunstve  and  vfty  proDlable  riporl.  FuU-siied  and 
wvll-fllled  bunchii  give  fiO  |ier  cent,  of  eon  to  40  uf  husk 
up-stcm,  hut  in  geiienl  the  core  doe*  not  mucli 
cieeed  GO  per  onil.,  and  Ihe  finh  con  will  yield  40  per 
oent.  of  dry  meal,  so  that  from  20  I u  25  per  cent,  of  meal 
is  olitaincd  (rum  the  plantain,  or  5  lb*,  from  an  avcrago 
bunch  of  251b*.  g  and  on  acre  of  pluilaia  walk  of  aveiagv 


j^ 


978 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


[Colonies  A!n 


quality,  producing  during  the  year  450  such  bunches, 
would  yield  a  ton  and  10  lbs.  of  meal.] 

Datison,  William- 

12  Plantain  meal,  from  Plantation  Vigilance,  East 
Sea  Coast,  Demerara, 

Gaenett,  II.  T. 

13  Plantain  meal,  from  Plantation  Herstelling,  Biver 
Pemerara. 

14  Meal  from  the  bitter  cassava,  from  the  same  planta- 
tion, baked  into  bread. 

[This  substance  affords  a  remarkable  exemplification  of 
the  agency  of  heat  in  destroying  or  dissipating  the  per- 
nicious properties  of  some  yegetable  products.  The  juice 
of  the  root  of  the  cassava  plant,  or  mandioc  plant  (Mani- 
hot  utilusima)f  is  extremely  venomous,  and  produces  rapid 
death.  Yet  the  root,  when  rasped  and  washed  and  baked, 
is  not  only  wholly  innocuous,  but  proves  a  nutritious 
article  of  vegetable  diet.  This  fact  appears  to  be  a  part 
of  the  universal  experience  obtained  by  the  natives  of  every 
district  where  it  is  found.  The  process  of  its  preparation 
for  use  has  been  thus  described  .* — 

**  It  is  usually  conducted  as  follows : — The  squeezed  pulp 
is  broken  up,  sifted,  and  exposed  to  the  sun  on  trays  or 
mats  till  it  is  fully  more  than  half  dry.  An  iron  hoop  of 
the  size  and  thickness  of  the  cake  to  be  made  is  then  laid 
on  a  girdle  or  hot  plate,  and  the  space  within  the  hoop 
is  filled  evenly  with  the  somewhat  moist  meal,  no  previous 
kneading  or  rolling  having  been  employed.  As  soon  as 
the  coarse  meal  coheres,  the  ring  is  lifted  and  the  cake  b 
turned  and  heated  on  the  opposite  side.  The  heat  should 
not  be  sufficient  to  brown  the  cake.  The  cakes  are  finally 
dried  by  exposure  to  the  sun.  From  the  dry  cassava 
meal  cakes  may  be  prepared  by  sprinkling  it  with  as  much 
cold  water  as  to  moisten  it  to  the  proper  point,  and  then 
proceeding  as  above.  Hot  water  cannot  be  employed, 
neither  can  kneading,  or  any  considerable  degree  of  com- 
pression be  used,  othen^'ise  the  water  does  not  evaporate 
readily  enough,  the  starch  gets  too  much  altered  by  the 
heat,  and  the  cake  becomes  tough." — Dr.  Skier's  Report 
on  the  Starch-producinff  Plants  of  British  Guiana. 
— B.  E.] 

De  Putbon,  J. 
15,  15a,  155   Bananas,  dried  without  the  aid  of  fire, 
from  Plantation  Vigilance,  East  Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[The  banana  is  yielded  by  Musa  sapientum,  Lin.  These 
specimens  are  sent  in  order  to  ascertain  the  likeliliood  of 
their  standing  the  voyage,  and  becoming  an  article  of 
export.  They  were  prepared  in  the  montli  of  September, 
1850.  The  following  information  regarding  the  banana 
is  extracted  from  a  popular  source : — "  Eight  or  nine 
months  after  the  sucker  has  been  planted,  the  baimna 
begins  to  form  its  clusters,  and  the  fhiit  may  be  collected 
in  the  tenth  or  eleventh  months.  Wlien  the  stock  is  cut, 
the  fruit  of  which  has  ripened,  a  sprout  is  put  forth,  which 
again  bears  fruit  in  three  months.  Tlie  whole  labour  of 
cultivation  which  is  required  for  a  plantation  of  bananas, 
is  to  cut  the  stalks  laden  with  the  ripe  fruit,  and  to  give 
the  plants  a  slight  nourislmient  once  or  twice  a  year  by 
digging  round  the  roots.  A  spot  of, little  more  than  a 
thousand  square  feet  will  contain  from  30  to  40  banana 
plants.  A  cluster  of  bananas,  produced  on  a  single  plant, 
often  contams  from  160  to  180  fruits,  and  weighs  from 
70  to  80  lbs.  But  reckoning  the  weight  of  a  cluster  only 
at  40  lbs.,  sucli  a  plantation  would  produce  more  than 
4,000  lbs.  of  nutritive  substance.  Humboldt  calculates 
tliat  as  33  lbs.  of  wheat  and  99  lbs.  of  ix)tatoc8  require  the 


same  space  as  that  in  whieh  4,000lb9.  of  banana*  ai 
grown,  the  produce  of  bananas  is  consequently  to  thai  c 
wheat  as  133  to  1,  and  that  of  potatoes  as  44  to  1.  Tb 
banana  ripened  in  the  hot-houses  of  Europe  has  an  inspi 
taste,  but  yet  the  natives  of  both  Indies,  to  many  milUoi 
of  whom  it  supplies  their  principal  food,  eat  it  wit 
avidity,  and  are  satisfied  with  the  nouriBhnient  it  aifijtd 
This  fruit  is  a  very  sugary  substance,  and  in  wan 
countries  the  natives  find  such  food  not  only  satisfying  ft 
the  moment,  but  permanently  nutritive.  Yet  weight  k 
weight,  the  nutritive  matter  cannot  at  all  be  oompwe 
with  that  of  wheat,  or  even  potatoes.  At  the  same  iim 
a  much  greater  nimiber  of  individuals  may  be  sapport« 
upon  the  produce  of  a  piece  of  ground  planted  with  bsni 
nas,  compared  with  a  piece  of  the  same  size  in  Knrop 
growing  wheat.  Humboldt  estimates  the  proportion  i 
25  to  1 ;  and  he  illustrates  the  fact  bj  remarking  that 
European  newly  arrived  in  the  torrid  zone  is  struck  wit 
nothing  so  much  as  the  extreme  smaliness  of  the  spol 
imder  cultivation  round  a  cabin  which  contains  a  nuim 
rous  family  of  Indians."  It  may  be  proper  here  to  notic 
that  the  banana  is  cultivated  in  this  colony  to  a  vcr 
limited  extent,  and  used  solely  as  a  fruit  in  its  ripe  stati 
The  plantain,  on  the  other  hand,  is  extensively  eultivatec 
and  in  its  unripe  state  is  the  staple  and  fiftvourite  food  c 
the  Creole  and  African  population  of  the  oc^ony.] 

Netscher,  a.  D.  Van  deb  Goy. 
16  Coffee,  from  Plantation  Klein  Pouderojeii,  Birc 
Demerara. 

EEinrEDT,  JOHK. 

16a,  166  Pearl  coffee,  from  Plantadon  Nooit  OedachI 
Canal  No.  1,  River  Demerara. 

Bee,  J.  F. 
17,  18  Coffee  in  the  husk,  and   in   the  berry,  froc 

Georgetown,  Demerara. 

[The  quantity  of  coffee,  the  produce  of  British  Ouiani 
returned  for  taxation  in  1842,  amounted  to  1,214,010  Ih 
Dutch.  The  cultivation  is  now  almost  extinct.  Nos.  16 
and  165  are  from  one  of  the  few  estates  which  have  bee 
and  still  continue  to  be  cultivated  solely  as  coffee  planti 
tions.] 

Netbchee,  a.  D.  Van  deb  Gox. 

19  Cocoa  seeds,  from  Plantation  Klein  Poudexvyn 
River  Demerara. 

[Cacao,  or  cocoa  {Theobroma  cacao,  Lin.)  was  ner* 
extensively  cultivated  in  this  colony,  although  the  soil  an 
climate  are  well  adapted  for  its  production.] 

DrrooiN,  T.  B. 

20  Saouari  nuts,  from  River  Berbioe. 

[Saouari  nuts  {Pekea  tuberculosa,  AubL,  or  Cayocd 
tomeniosum,  Dec.)  The  kernel  of  this  nut  is  one  of  tl 
most  deUcious  fruits  of  the  nut  kind  known.  It  abounds  i 
the  forests  on  the  banks  of  the  rivers  of  tlie  colony.] 

OUTBIDGE,  J.  ESQ- 

20a  Seed-vessel  of  the  "  monkey  pot,"  from  the  IEUm 
Demerara. 

[This  seed-vessel  ia  said  to  contain  a  large  number  < 
oleaginous  kernels.] 

SuiEB,  Datid. 

21  Capsicums,  dried  capsules. 

22,  22a  Capsicums,  pr^ervedin  dilute  acetic  acid. 

23  Capsicums,  active  principle  extracted  by  olive  oil. 

24  Capsicums,  active  principle  extracted  by  rinegi 
all  from  Plantation  Kitty,  East  Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[Tliese  capsicums,  known  in  the  colony  under  the  nan 
of  Buckramanni  peppers,  are  the  most  pungent  and  ar 


DEPE^ILiRSCtEB.] 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


97» 


matk  of  the  whole  tribe.  The  acodi^  which  >n>  iiivH,hiiru 
bcrn  remoTed,  and  the  dried  capaulm  ur  sent  in  the  ei- 
ptctrntion  of  th«r  being  found  to  be  a  more  piquuit  con- 
diment than  the  artiele  wild  under  the  nunc  of  Cajcnne 
pepper.] 

Stutchdubt,  J.  S. 
25  dpiiicunii,   pmrrred  in   dilute  acetic  acid,  from 
Oeorgstowo,  Demeran. 

Dcoois,  T.  B. 
SB  Fruit  oraibrub,  called birsuibi,  from  BivcrBerbice, 
preteired  iu  pittla. 

[Tlkii  finiit  uulm  »  deliiiouB  presene.] 

KrocHEB,  A.  D.  Vi!i  Dia  Quy. 
21  Limes  (Citnit  lima),  from  PluitBtion  Elein  Fou- 
dero/en,  BiTer  Demerara,  preccrred  in  picUc. 
Stttchbubt,  J.  S. 

28  Eanreep,  the  inipieiated  Juice  of  the  bitt«r  caMaTO, 
from  Qeorgetown,  Demenira. 

[Eaureep,  from  the  Jatropha  amnHol,  it  much  uted  u 
the  basi*  uf  lauuea,  sod  \a  uaul  eiteoiiTel;  io  the  eolunj' 
in  the  preparation  of  pcpper-pol,  kc.  Dr.  Shier,  in  the 
Beport  rderred  to,  iiuticca  it  an  follouB  : — "  To  those  who 
haie  Derer  Tuiilod  the  tropics,  it  m«j  be  proper  to  notice 
that  eatarttp  ia  the  concentrated  juice  of  the  roota  of 
bitter  caasara,  and  the  basis  of  the  W»t  Indian  diih 
pepper-pol.  One  of  its  raoit  remarkable  properties  is  il» 
high  antiseptic  power,  preserving  any  moat  that  niaj  bo 
bailed  in  it  for  a  much  longer  period  than  can  be  done  bjr 
anj  other  cuhnarj  prooeas.  C^sareep  was  originallj  a 
Buck  or  Indian  prepanlion,  and  luu  o&ca  been  docribed 
with  more  or  less  acL-unvj."  ll  is  well  known  that  some 
of  the  Dutch  planters  of  tbu-  toUmj  hare,  bj  means  of  the 
addition  of  a  Mnall  quanlitj  of  canareep,  from  time  lo 
lime,  to  Tnrielics  of  animal  food,  bcrn  enabled  to  keep  up, 
in  daily  use,  the  lome  pepper-pol  for  mauj  jear«.] 
Bbb,  J.  F. 

29  Kararcep,  the  inapisiated  juice  of  the  bitter  eawaro, 
from  Oeorgetown. 

Db  Pnaox,  J. 

29a  SaLne  aah  ;  in  appearance  similar  to  a  black  cinder. 

{This  ash  is  obtained  by  burning  certain  plants  growing 
on  Ibe  rocks  near  tike  Uapids,  about  1,000  mile*  up  Ibe 
Riier  Demcnuw.  The  salt  'a  citractttl  when  reijuiivd  by 
■nixing  water  with  the  a«h,  and  afti'T  the  inaoluble  part* 
hare  subsided,  pouring  off  the  solution  and  using  il  as 
■alt.  A  similar  saline  ash  is  also  said  to  be  obtained  by 
burning  the  lla  palm.] 

STlTtHlirilT.J.  S. 


[The  Turmerio  (nfrmnui  loaga,  Lin.)  grown  in  this 
colony  is  BU|ivrior  Iu  any  imported.] 
a*BKETT,  ll.T. 
SI  Arrow-Tool,    Ennn   Plantation    Hentelling,    BiTer 


[The  produce  of  MaratUa  ammliitaira,  Lin.] 
32  Starch,  from  the  bitter  cassaia,  from   Planlalioii 
HerstcUing,  Birer  Demerata. 

[When  the  roots  of  the  rassara  plant  are  rasped  and 
washed  in  water,  a  large  quantity  of  starch  granules  are 
eitractcd  from  IhrTegetabli!  tiscue.and  float  in  the  water, 
llie  water  charged  with  Iheae  granules  ii  allowed  tosland, 
when  the  granule*  selll*  down,  and  tlie  supoabundant 
fluid  is  poured  off.  Th«  starch  i*  then  collected  and 
dried.— R.  liL] 


Shi  IB,  Da  VI  p. 

33  Starrh,  from  the  sweet  cassaro,  from  Plantation 
Kitty,  East  Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[The  sweet  and  bitter  cassara  merit  attention  ae  starch* 
producing  plants.  The  sweet  caasaia  yields  26-02,  and 
the  bitter  114-81  of  starch  per  cent.  They  aro  occasionally 
growii  for  this  purpose  in  the  colony,  and  yield  a  large 
percenlogo  of  starch ;  but  there  eiitta  an  opinion,  whether 
well  or  ill  founded,  that  it  is  liable  lo  rot  linen,  and  Iba 
preferenoe  is  given  beiv  to  the  starch  of  airow-root.  Cas- 
sava growl  readily  in  any  soil,  and,  with  good  drainage 
two  CRjp*  of  llie  sweet  variety  are  yielded  per  year.  It 
grows  luxuriantly  in  the  light  toils  of  the  interior,  as  well 
as  in  tlie  stiff  elay  soils  of  the  coasts.  It  is  ooasidcred  an 
excellent  preparatory  crop  in  new  and  stiiF  land,  on 
account  of  its  tcndeni^  to  looaen  the  soil.] 

34  Starch,  from  the  plantain,  from  Plantation  Kitty, 
East  Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

36  Starcb,  Emm  Buekyam,  from  Plantation  Kitty,  East 
Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

ASCEHBON,  OBOUO«,  &  CO. 

3G  Vacuum-pan  sugar,  from  Flimtation  Ogle,  East  5e* 
Coast,  Demerara. 

[Tliis  sugar  was  manufBclurcd  as  follows : — The  cane 
juice  was  clorifled  by  Ume,  and  the  eoogulum  wpamled  by 
tubsideni-e,  by  means  of  clay.  Tha  ernporatiou  was  con- 
ducted in  Ilia  ordinary  way,  and  Bnisbcd  in  the  vacuum 
pan.  This  sugar  was  washed  by  means  of  Innis's  prDceas.J 
JoxEa,  Jonn. 

37.  3S  Vacuum-pan  sugar,  from  Plantation  Eqie,  Bast 
Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[The  sugar  Hit.  37  was  washed  by  means  of  Innie'a 
process ;  that  of  No.  38  was  rieoned  liy  msans  of  Hard- 
man  and  Finiel's  patent  cenlrifugal  mai^une.J 
Stutcububt,  J.  8, 

39  Tacuum-pan  sugar,  from  Plantation  Emnore,  East 
Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[In  the  manubcturc  of  this  sugar,  the  syrup  was  passed 
through  animal  oharcoal  before  being  put  into  the  vacuum 
pan.] 

htma,  Jxisia. 

40  Sugar,  from  Plantation  Friends,  Birer  Berbioe, 
monuioGtured  in  Oadsden  and  Evans's  pan. 

[This  sugar  on  being  removed  from  the  pan  was  put 
mto  cones,  and,  aller  the  molaisea  were  drained  olT,  wm 
•yrupcd.] 

Saiifi,  DiviD. 

41,  42,  43,  U  SluH'ovailo  and  molassM.  from  Iha 
Colonial  Laboratory,  Oeorgetown,  Demerara. 

[This  muscovado  (No.  41)  was  mode  ooeording  to  tho 
plan  recommended  by  Ur.  Shier.  Lime  in  slight  eicesa 
was  used  in  clariflealion.  The  ooagulum  was  got  rid  of 
by  subsidence.  Tlie  excess  of  lime  wa*  neutralised,  and 
the  juice  was  concentrated  on  Ibe  open  fire.  No  washing 
or  sjTuping  had  recourae  to.  The  specimen  of  moUssca 
(No.  42)  is  from  the  muscoiado  sugar  morkeil  No.  41. 
The  muscovado  <No.  43)  waa  made  by  a  modifli-al  ion  ol 
Uelsm's  process.  No  washing  or  syruping  was  used. 
The  specimen  of  mOlassea  (No.  44)  is  from  tha  mu»:ovado 
sugar  marked  No.  43.] 

STCTCBii;Rr,  J.  8. 

4S  Musonado.from  l'lanta(ioDFcllowship,Uahaieang, 
East  Sea  Ctmtt,  Demerara. 

[Manufsctuned  by  Ibe  ordinary  pnwMS  in  use  on  estalca 
in  Ibis  colony. 


/ 


980 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


[COLOXraS  AXD 


All  of  the  above-mentioned  sugars  are  the  produce  of 
the  Otaheite  or  Tahiti  cane  (Saccharum  ojfficinarum,  Lin.), 
the  variety  universally  cultivated  in  this  colony.] 

46  Copaiba,  balsam  of,  from  Kiver  Pomeroon,  Essequebo. 
[There  are  several  trees  in  tliis  colony  supposed  to  yield 

the  balsam,  not  yet  botanically  determined.] 

OUTRIDGE,   J. 

47  Caoutchouc,  from  River  Demerara,  near  the  Falls. 

[Taken  from  the  India-rubber  tree  by  tapping,  and 
formed  into  balls  by  the  Indians,  who  climb  the  tree,  and, 
as  the  gum  exudes,  rub  it  on  their  bodies  till  it  assumes 
a  sufficient  consistency  to  be  formed  into  balls.] 

48  Milk  from  the  cow-tree,  fi^m  River  Demerara. 

[The  cow- tree  in  question  is  the  Hya-hya  {Tabernoeman- 
tana  utilis).  It  grows  freely  in  the  dense  forests  of  this 
colony.  It  is  related  that  an  exploring  party  having  felled 
one  of  these  trees  near  a' brook,  the  quantity  of  milk  dis- 
charged by  it  was  so  great,  as  in  the  course  of  an  hour  to 
render  the  water  quite  milky. 

It  is  one  of  the  interesting  discoveries  of  botanists  that 
several  trees  yield  a  milk-like  fluid,  which  is  in  almost  all 
respects  comparable  to  that  afforded  by  the  cow.  Hum- 
boldt describes,  in  striking  language,  his  slaking  his  thirst 
by  a  draught  of  milk  fi^m  the  Palo  de  Vaca,  a  cow-tree 
of  South  America.  Trees  belonging  to  different  genera 
have  been  called  by  this  name.  The  cow-tree  of  South 
America  is  an  arto-carpad  j  other  cow-trees  belong  to  the 
order  of  figs.  The  milk  has  been  analysed,  and  found  to 
yield  a  considerable  proportion  of  gelatine,  a  principle 
found  in  the  animal  fluid. — R.  E.] 

DrGQiN,  T.  B. 

49  Gum  resin,  from  the  simiri  or  locust  tree,  from 
River  Berbice. 

[This  gum  is  obtained  by  digging  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
tx>ots  of  the  tree  (Hyinenosa  courbarily  Lin.),  from  which 
it  exudes  in  a  vertical  direction  in  columns  or  pieces 
upwards  of  a  foot  in  length.  It  may  also  bo  obtained  by 
tapping  the  tree,  when  in  the  course  of  a  few  days  a  large 
solid  mass  is  formed.  It  is  said  to  be  the  gum  anime  of 
commerce,  and  is  occasionally  used  in  this  colony  for  the 
same  purposes  as  gum  copaL  It  may  be  obtained  in  great 
abundance  in  various  parts  of  the  colony.] 

BONTTN,  G.  R. 
60  Karman,  from  River  Essequebo. 

[Used  by  the  Indians  for  waxing  their  nets  and  other 
purjiosos,  and  is  said  to  be  the  insj)i8sated  juice  of  a  tree 
called  the  man  or  mannee  tree.] 

OUTRIDGE,  J. 

51  Hyawai  gum  or  incense,  from  River  Demerara. 

[Tliis  gum.  is  very  fragrant,  and  supposed  to  bo  suitable 
for  pastilles  and  similar  piu^soses.  It  is  said  to  bo  ob- 
tained from  the  Idea  heplaphylla^  Aubl.] 

Stutchbury,  J.  S. 

52  Laurel  oil,  from  River  Pomeroon,  Essequebo. 

[This  oil,  supposed  to  be  obtained  from  Oreoda2)hne 
opifera,  Nees,  is  extensively  U3ed  by  tlie  natives  in  affec- 
tions of  tlie  joints.  It  is  also  an  admirable  solvent  of 
India  rubber.] 

53  Crab  oil,  from  River  Essequebo. 

[This  oil  is  obtained  from  the  seeds  of  the  tree  yielding 
crabwood,  {Xylocarpas  carapa,  Spr.,  or  Carapa  guianen- 
sisy  Aubl.)  It  is  used  in  the  colony  for  burning,  and  is 
higlily  est<x?med  as  a  hair  oil.] 


DrooiK,  T.  B. 

54  Dari  tree,  seeds  of  the,  from  River  Berfoioe. 

[Candles  are  made  from  these  seeds,  said  to  be  equal  to 
wax.    The  tree  abounds  throughout  the  colony.] 

SuiXB,  D. 

55  Sandbox  tree,  seeds  of^  from  Plantation  Kitty,  Ea^t 
Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[The  seeds  of  Hura  crepitans,  Lin.  They  are  a  dnstie 
purgative,  and  contain  a  very  limpid  oiLJ 

KocE,  H.  A. 
55a  Fruit  of  the  lana  tree. 

[This  fruit  is  the  produce  of  Cfempa  Amerieama,  LiiL, 
a  tree  very  abundant  in  the  oolony,  and  prodooea  the 
Lana  dye.] 

555  Lana  dye,  from  the  Biver  Berbice. 

[This  dye  is  the  juioe  of  the  finiit  of  the  Chempa  Ameri- 
cana, Lin.  The  colour  produced  is  a  beautiful  bluish 
black.  The  Indians  use  it  in  staining  their  £Mes  and 
persons,  and  the  effect  lasts  for  several  daja.] 

OrXRIDGE,  J. 
55c  Indian  paint,  from  the  River  Demermk 

[This  pigment  is  prepared  by  mixing  amotto,  the  red 
viscous  pulp  surrounding  the  seeds  of  the  Bixa  oreUama, 
Lin.,  with  crab  oil,  the  produce  of  the  seed  of  Carapa 
ffuianensis,  AubL  It  is  used  by  the  Indiana  for  deeu- 
rating  their  persons,  and  other  purposes.] 

DrGGiN,  T.  B. 

56  Mora  tree,  bark  of^  from  Biver  Berbice. 

[The  Mora  exceUa,  a  fabaceoua  tree,  wa»  disoorered  by 
Sir  R.  Schomburgk.  It  is  one  of  the  moot  magnifiocnt 
trees  in  the  forests  of  British  Guiana.  The  wood  is  itMhed 
to  be  equal  to  oak  of  the  best  kind. — R.  £.] 

67  Hog  plum  tree,  bark  of^  from  River  Berbice. 

[Bark  of  Spondias  lutea,  Lin. ;  used  as  a  tanning  sub- 
stance, and  very  abundant.] 

Shieb,  Datid. 

58  Courida  tree,  bark  of,  from  Plantation  Kitty,  £af t 
Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[Bark  of  Avicennia  nilida,  Lin.;  used  as  a  tanning 
substance,  and  extremely  abundant  on  the  sea  coast.] 

Stutchbitby,  J.  8. 

59  Hy-yarri  or  Hai-ari,  fish  poison,  from  River  Deme- 
rara. 

[Stem  of  I/onchocarpus  nicou,  Dec.  ;  used  by  the 
natives  to  intoxicate  fish  for  the  purpose  of  capturing 
them.] 

[This  fish  poison  has  been  described  as  being  employed 
in  the  following  manner : — The  native*  beat  the  root  with 
heavy  sticks  till  it  is  reduced  to  shreds  like  coarse  hemp. 
They  then  infii^e  it,  and  throw  the  infusion  over  the  aiva 
of  the  river  or  pool  selected.  In  about  twenty  minuter 
every  fish  within  its  influence  rises  to  the  surface,  and  w 
either  taken  by  the  hand  or  shot  with  arrowa.  A  soUd 
cubic  foot  will,  it  is  stated,  poison  an  acre  of  water,  and 
the  fish  are  said  to  be  still  wholesome  for  human  consump- 
tion.— R.  E.] 

KocK,  H.  A. 

59«  Fruit  of  yarrisara,  from  River  Berbice, 

[This  is  stated  by  the  contributor.  Dr.  Koch,  to  be  the 
fruit  of  a  vine,  found  in  the  interior  of  the  colony,  and 
wliich  he  claims  the  merit  of  liaving  discovered  to  bt»  tlie 
chief  ingredient  of  the  celebrated  Wourali  poiaon.] 


DErEXDEXCIES.] 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


981 


Stutchbury,  J.  8. 

60  Angostura  bark,  from  HiTer  Pomeroon,  Essequebo. 

[Supposed  to  be  obtained  from  Galipea  cwtparia,  St. 
HiL  or  G.  officinalis^  Ilanc.     Used  as  a  febrifuge.] 

61  Rhizophora  racemosa,  bark  of,  from  East  Sea  Coast, 
Demcrara. 

[Bark  of  BJUzophora  racemosa^  Mejer ;  ascertained  to 
be  a  Toy  valuable  remedy  in  cases  of  chylous  urine.] 

OCTRIDOE,  J. 

62  Trjsale  bark,  from  River  Demerara. 

[TTsed  as  an  emetic  by  the  Indians.] 

STUTCnDUBY,  J.  S. 

63  Greenheart  tree,  bark  of^  from  River  Demerara. 

[Bark  of  Nectandra  rodicti^  Benth.  Yields  the  alkaloid 
known  as  bibirine,  a  febrifuge.] 

DuGOiN,  T.  B. 

64  Greenheart  tree,  seeds  of,  from  River  Berbioe. 

[Used  as  a  tonic  and  febrifuge.  Occasionally,  in  times 
of  scarcity,  these  seeds  are  grated  and  mixed  with  decayed 
waUaba  (the  wood  of  Eperua  fadcatay  Aubl.),  and  used  by 
the  Indians  as  food.] 

[The  greenheart  tree  of  Demerara  will  probably  become 
of  considerable  commercial  interest  and  value.  In  Class  2 
of  the  United  Kingdom  will  be  found  notices  of  the  alka- 
loid bebeerine,  obtained  from  its  bark,  wliioh  promises  to 
become  a  substitute  for  quinine.  Its  botanical  name  is 
Neeiamdra  rodictiy  and  it  belongs  to  the  natural  order 
LauracecB. — R.  E.] 

Stutchbubt,  J.  S. 

65  Guinea  pepper,  or  grains  of  Paradise,  from  River 
Demerara. 

[Seeds  of  Amomum  melegueta^  Roxb.  Tliese  seeds  arc 
much  superior  to  those  imported  from  Africa.] 

66  Alpinca  nutans,  seeds  of,  from  River  Demerara. 

[These  seeds  {Aipinia  nutans,  Rose.)  resemble,  and  in 
•ome  respects  possess,  the  properties  of  cardamoms.] 

Shier,  Datid. 

67  Physic  nuts,  seeds  of,  from  Georgetown,  Demcrara. 

Mavoet,  Mm. 

68  Physic  nuts,  seeds  of,  from  Georgetown,  Demcrara. 

[Tliesc  physic  nuts  are  the  produce  of  different  trees, 
but  are  ]K)ssessed  of  similar  emetic  and  purgative  proper- 
ties, and  are  frequently  used  as  a  domestic  medicine  by 
the  black  population  of  the  colony.] 

Arrindrll,  Mrs. 

69  Quassia  amara,  from  Plantation  Zeelandia,  Wake- 
naam.  River  Essequcbo. 

[This  is  the  produce  of  Quassia  amara,  Lin.  It  is 
distinct  from  the  quassia  of  the  shops,  and  U  extensively 
and  succcMfully  used  in  the  colony  as  a  tonic  and  febri- 
fuge.    It  is  very  abundant.] 

Stutchbury,  J.  S. 

70  Boeiari,  bush  rope,  from  River  Demerara. 

[This  bush  rope  is  plentiful  in  the  interior  of  the  colony, 
and  it  a  fiivourite  rcnieily  of  the  Indians  in  pectoral  com- 
plaints. It  is  excectlnigly  aromatic,  and  forms  an  excel- 
lent ingredient  in  stomachic  bitters.] 

Blair,  Daniel. 

71  Cotton,  cleaned,  from  PUntation  Batavier,  Maludca 
River. 

72  Cotton,  uncleaned,  from  Pkntation  Batavier, 
Maluiica  River. 

[Theao  spoctmens  were  obtained  from  wild  or  self-sown 


plants,  the  remains  of  the  cotton  cultivation  on  Plantation 
Batavier,  which  was  abandoned  about  twenty-five  years 

ago.] 

Netscher,  a.  D.  Van  der  Gok. 

73  Cotton,  uncleaned,  from  Plantation  Klein  Pouder- 
oyen.  River  Demerara. 

Bee,  J.  F. 

74  Cotton,  hard  seed,  cleaned,  Plantation  Woodlands, 
River  Mahaica,  Demcrara. 

Hughes,  P. 
74<i,  71*  Mexican  white  seed.     Lam  and  small  green 
seed ;  large  and  small  kidney  ;  loose  black  seed ;  all  from 
Plantation  Anna  Regina,  Essequebo. 

Bee,  J.  P. 

75  Cotton,  loose  seed,  cleaned,  Plantation  Woodlands, 
River  Mahaica,  Demcrara. 

76  Cotton,  loose  seed,  uncleaned.  Plantation  Wood- 
Lands,  River  Mahaica,  Demerara. 

[The  above  specimens  of  cotton  are  the  produce  of 
Gossypium  arbareum,  Lin.,  and  other  arborescent  species. 
Sir  Robert  Schomburgk,  in  his  description  of  British 
Guiana,  makes  the  foUowing  observations  on  the  subject 
of  the  cultivation  of  cotton,  p.  103  : — "  The  indigenous 
cottons  are  very  numerous,  and  the  Indian  has  generally 
a  few  slunibs  of  that  useful  plant  around  his  hut.  How- 
ever, I  have  seen  the  industrious  Macusi  cultivating  it 
more  extensively.  The  hanunocks  which  the  Indians 
manufacture  of  it  are  valued  for  their  strength  and  dura- 
bility, and  are  considered  superior  to  tlie  European  article. 
Like  the  staples  before  enumerated,  cotton  lias  been  only 
cultivated  by  the  colonists  at  the  coast  regions ;  but  its 
cultivation  has  in  a  great  measure  been  abandoned,  because 
our  cottons,  raistxl  by  free  labour  and  in  a  British  colony, 
were  undersold  by  those  i)ruduced  by  slavery  in  the  United 
States.  If,  with  n»ganl  to  the  abundance  and  cheapness 
of  bbour,  British  Ouiana  were  put  on  the  same  foothig  as 
slave  states  in  America,  an  inexlmustible  supply  of  cotton 
of  every  description  might  be  produced.  There  is  no 
doubt  that  all  kinds  of  cotton,  from  the  best  long  staple 
down  to  the  finest  short  staple,  might  be  cultivated  in  the 
colony,  as  the  kind  wliich  does  not  thrive  on  one  soil  or 
climate  might  be  produced  in  another.  An  extent  of  sea- 
coast  of  280  miles  from  the  river  Corent^-ne  to  the  mouth 
of  the  Orinoko,  would  produce  cotton  vying  with  the  best 
in  the  world.  I  doubt  the  opinion  that  the  finest  cotton 
will  not  grow  at  a  greater  distance  than  twenty  miles  from 
the  sea.  I  have  sent  samples  of  the  wild  cotton  from  the 
interior  to  the  colony  which  were  admired  by  competent 
judges  for  their  fine  long  staple  and  silky  appearance.  No 
care  wliatever  had  Invn  bestowed  upon  the  cultivation  of 
tlicse  pUnts  which  grew  at  a  distance  of  300  or  400  niilea 
from  the  coast.  Although  the  growth  of  the  pUnt  waa 
not  luxiunant,  it  was  covered  abundantly  with  cotton  of 
the  most  excellent  quality  ;  indeed  it  would  be  liighly 
advisable  to  the  cotton  growers  at  tlio  coast  to  exdiangc 
the  seeds."] 

Roes,  E.  C. 

76a  Silk  cotton,  loose  and  in  pod. 

766  Silk  cotton,  bale  of;  from  Georgetown,  Demerara. 

[Obtainetl  from  the  teal  ve?*sels  of  the  silk  cotton  tn»e 
(Bombax  Ceiba,  Lin.).  It  lias  bc*Ti  exiwrted  to  the  Unitetl 
States,  and  used  in  the  manufacture  of  liats.] 

Datisox,  W. 

77  Phintain  fibre,  from  Pkmtation  Vigilance,  East  Sea 
Coast,  Demerara. 


982 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


[COLOXIES  A3 


Netscheb,  a.  D.  Yan  deb  Qon. 

78  Plantain  fibre,  from  Plantation  Klein,  Pouderoyen, 
River  Demerara. 

[This  fibre  is  produced  from  the  stems  of  plantain  and 
banana  trees  (Musaptiradiftiaca  and  sapientum)^  and  might 
be  obtained  in  yeiy  large  quantities  from  the  plantain  cul- 
tiyation  of  the  colony.  It  is  calculated  that  upwiu^  of 
600  lbs.  weight  of  fibre  might  be  produced  annually  from 
each  acre  of  plantains,  after  reaping  the  fruit  crops.  At 
present  the  stems  of  the  plantain  trees,  when  cut  down, 
are  allowed  to  rot  on  the  ground.  If  a  remunerative  price 
could  be  realized  for  this  fibre,  a  new  branch  of  industry 
would  be  opened  up  to  the  colonists. 

JVote. — In  addition  to  the  above-mentioned  specimens, 
a  barrel  of  the  fibre,  contribu^d  by  W.  Davison,  has  been 
sent  for  experimental  purposes.  It  may  be  proper  to 
mention  that  in  1846,  a  gentleman  visited  this  colony,  and 
exhibited  several  specimens  of  cloth  of  a  beautiful  silky 
texture,  and  specimens  of  paper  of  superior  quality,  manu- 
£Eu;tured  from  the  fibre  of  plantains  grown  in  the  Jardin 
des  Plantes.] 

De  Burton,  J. 

79  Silk  grass,  fibre  o^  from  Plantation  Vigilance,  East 
Sea  Coast,  Demerara. 

[This  fibre  is  obtained  from  Agave  vivipara,  Lin.] 

Duoanr,  T.  B. 

80  Silk  grass,  fibre  of^  from  River  Berbioe. 

[This  fibre  is  obtained  from  a  species  of  Bromelia.  It 
is  very  strong,  and  is  used  by  the  Indians  to  make  bow- 
strings, nets,  cordage,  &c.] 

81  Fibisiri,  fibre  of,  from  River  Berbice. 

[This  fibre  is  derived  from  the  Ita  palm  {Mauritia 
Jlexuosay  Lin.)  It  is  used  by  the  Indians  for  making  ham- 
mocks, cordage,  &c.] 

Bee,  J.  F. 

82  Mohoe,  fibre  of,  from  Demerara. 

[Obtamed  from  a  tree  of  the  mallow  tribe  (The^pesia 
populneay  Correa,  or  Hibiscus  elatuSy  Swartz  ?)  It  is  very 
strong,  and  used  for  making  cordage,  coffee  bags,  &c.] 

83  Table  top,  including  84  different  specimens  of  woods, 
the  growth  of  the  colony,  viz. : — 


1  Sand  Mora. 

28  Waiki. 

2  Lana. 

29  Siridani. 

3  Itikiribourabalh' 

30  Hoobboballi, 

(young). 

31  Bannia. 

4  Krctti,      or      bastard 

32  Hyawaballi. 

silverballi. 

33  Tatabo. 

5  Xurara. 

34  Masaranuni. 

6  Kakaralli. 

35  Cabai^ftlli. 

7  Brown  silverballi. 

36  Pritti. 

8  Yellow  silverballi. 

37  CanubaUi. 

9  YourabaUi. 

38  Mora. 

10  Saouari. 

39  Letterwood. 

11  Crabwood- 

40  Kucaliara. 

12  Yerara. 

41  Wamara. 

13  Purpleheart. 

42  KaraakasA. 

14  Simaruba. 

43  Hiabnlli. 

15  Ghomarrow. 

44  Determa. 

16  Cedar  white. 

45  Wadaduri. 

17  Locust. 

46  Rosewood. 

18  Coutaballi. 

47  Saka. 

■                           19  Carahurri. 

48  Kerla. 

1                          20  Huwassi. 

49  Kamacusack. 

1                           21  Armiosi. 

50  Cedar,  red. 

1                          22  Suradanni. 

51  Wild  orange. 

I                          23  Assepoca. 

52  Guava. 

1                          24  Akaruki. 

53  Logwood. 

25  Hymakusi. 

54  Tabiecusliie. 

26  DucalabaUi. 

55  Coffee. 

27  Turiballi. 

56  Murwaana. 

57  KartobaUi. 

58  Washiba. 

59  Kimaasamasa. 

60  Curbacalli. 

61  BartaballL 

62  Acourib  root. 

63  Wara  courL 

64  Ducalli. 

65  Arawica. 

66  Bangeo  or  ebony. 

67  Hackia. 

68  Kurahara. 

69  Calabash. 

70  Kuracurara. 

71  Towraneroo. 


72  Qreenheart. 

73  Hya-hya. 

74  Cabbage  tree. 

75  WaUaba. 

76  Yarri  yam. 

77  Waiwmia. 

78  HooboballL 

79  Cann^la^  or  wild  ^ 

wood. 

80  Itikiribouraballi,  old 

81  Bully  tree. 

82  SUberdanL 

83  Brown    nlTerbaUi, 

light. 

84  Kofaaaa. 


[It  will  be  seen  from  this  table  that  Britiah  Guiaiia  pi 
duces  many  woods  highly  ornamental  and  uac^il  i 
cabinet-making  and  upholstery.] 

OrTBmoE,  J. 

84,  84a  Mora,  transverse  and  vertical  sections,  frc 
River  Demerara. 

[The  tree  (Mora  excelsa)  producing  thia  wood  fi 
quently  reaches  a  height  of  upwards  of  100  feet. 
grows  abundantly  on  barren  sand  reefr.  It  is  tou^  ck 
and  cross  grained,  and  is  peculiarly  adapted  for  shi] 
timbers  and  planks,  for  which  purpose  it  is  extenairc 
used.  The  trunk  of  this  tree,  when  of  the  height  of  frc 
40  to  50  feet,  will  square  from  18  to  20  inches,  but  wb 
grown  to  that  size  it  is  genenHj  fiuiltj.  Thb  specime 
sent  are  from  a  tree  supposed  to  be  from  30  to  40  yes 
old.] 

85  Qreenheart,  transverse  section. 

Stutchbubt,  J.  S. 
85a  Qreenheart,  vertical  section,  from  River  Demcaw 
[The  groenheart  tree  {Nectandra  rodicd)  is  rerj  abun 
ant,  and  its  timbers,  squaring  from  18  to  24  inch 
can  be  procured  without  a  knot  from  60  to  70  fiset  km 
It  is  a  fine-grained  hard  wood,  well  adapted  for  i 
planking  of  vessels,  house  fram^  whiu-vea,  bridges,  ai 
other  purposes,  where  great  strength  and  durability  a 
required.  Mr.  Manifold,  engineer  of  the  Demerara  Ra 
way,  states  that  this  is  the  best  timber  for  resisting  t«nf  i 
and  compressive  strains,  and  is  therefore  well  adapted  i 
kelsons  for  ships  and  beams  of  all  kinds.] 

OUTEIDGE,  J. 

855,  85o  Specimens  of  black  greenhcart ;  transverse  ax 
vertical  sections. 

[The  timber  of  this  tree  is  used  for  ship-buildinj 
planks,  &c.,  and  is  considered  more  durable  t>>mn  t] 
common  greenhcart.  The  specimens  sent  are  frvm  a  ti\ 
supposed  to  be  about  50  years  old.] 

BucHANAir,  A 

86,  86a  Pm*pleheart,  transverse  and  vertical  section 
from  River  Essequebo. 

[The  purpleheart  (Copaifera  pubiflora  or  hraei^aia 
yields  a  timber  possessing  great  strength,  durabihty,  an 
elasticity,  and  is  described  by  Lindley  as  **  invaluabk  f* 
resisting  the  shock  of  artillery  discharges,  on  which  aecoui 
it  is  employed  for  mort^ur  bcdB."  It  is  used  for  windmi 
shafts,  rollers,  and  machuiery.] 

[Like  the  greenhcart,  the  purpleheart  tree  of  Demerai 
belongs  to  the  natural  order  Fahaceot.  It  is  fouii 
abundantly  in  the  forests  of  Quiana.  The  timber  is  e: 
tremely  valuable  for  certain  purposes,  as  for  the  cairiagt 
of  artillery,  from  its  extraordinary  toughness  and  capacit 
to  resist  violent  concussions.  Tlie  tree  is  the  Capaift-i 
pulnflora  and  hracteata.     In  addition  to  its  timber  it 


Dependencies.] 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


983 


Tmluable  for  the  quantity  of  balaam  which  gushes  from 
its  bark  on  being  wounded. — R.  E.] 

OUTBISOE,  J. 

87,  87a  Kakaralli,  transrerse  and  yertical  sections,  from 
Birer  Demerara. 

[This  wood  is  Tery  plentiful,  and  it  has  been  proyed 
that  it  is  more  durable  than  greenheart  in  salt  water,  as  it 
possesses  the  quality  of  resisting  the  depredations  of  the 
sea-worm  and  barnacle.  It  may  be  had  from  6  to  14 
inches  square.  The  specimens  sent  are  from  a  tree  sup- 
posed to  be  about  twenty  years  old.] 

88, 88a  Wamara,  or  brown  ebony,  transverse  and 
vertical  sections,  from  River  Demerara. 

[This  wood  is  hard  and  cross-grained,  consequently  not 
apt  to  spUt ;  it  would,  therefore,  answer  various  piurposes 
in  naval  architecture.  It  may  be  had  from  6  to  12  inches 
square,  and  from  40  to  60  feet  long.  The  Indians  make 
war  clubs  of  it.  The  specimens  sent  are  from  a  tree  sup- 
posed to  be  about  twenty  years  old.] 

89,  89a  Wooroballi,  transverse  and  vertical  sections, 
trom  River  Demerara. 

[This  wood  is  very  close  and  fine  grained,  is  easily 
worked,  takes  a  high  polish,  and  is  much  used  in  the  colony 
for  furniture.  It  may  be  had  from  15  to  20  inches  square, 
40  to  70  feet  long.  The  specimens  sent  are  from  a  tree 
supposed  to  be  about  twenty  years  old.] 

Buchanan,  A. 

90,  90a  Wallaba,  transverse  and  vertical  sections,  from 
River  Essequebo. 

[This  wood  is  produced  from  Eperua  fiUeala^  AubL,  a 
tree  very  abundant  throughout  the  colony.  It  is  hard, 
sphts  freely,  and  is  very  durable  from  being  impregnated 
with  a  resinous  oiL  It  is  used  for  house  frames,  palings, 
shingles,  staves,  &c.  It  has  been  ascertained  that  a  roof 
well  shingled  with  this  wood  will  last  upwards  of  forty 
years.  It  may  be  had  from  15  to  20  inches  square,  from 
30  to  40  feet  long.] 

DuooiN,  T.  B. 
906  Wallaba,  tecuba,  or  hart,  River  Berbice. 

[This  wood  is  the  heart  of  the  upper  portion  of  the 
trunks  of  Wallaba  trees  which  have  been  felled  in  the 
forests,  and  from  which  the  sap  wood  has  decayed.  These 
are  much  used  as  paling  posts  and  for  other  outdoor  pur- 
poses, being  found  to  be  so  durable  as  to  be  almost  im- 
perishable. They  are  about  to  be  used  as  sleepers  on  the 
Demerara  Railway,  for  which  purpose  it  is  supposed  they 
will  prove  to  be  peculiarly  well  adapted.  The  defect  of 
Wallaba  and  of  its  tacouba  is  its  inability  to  bear  great 
lateral  strain.  It  therefore  should  not  be  used  for  beams 
longer  than  12  feet.] 

[Sir  R.  Schomburgk  states  in  reference  to  this  tree, — the 
Wallaba  tree  of  Quiana, — that  its  wood  is  deep  red,  fre- 
quently variegated  with  whitish  streaks,  hard,  heavy, 
shining,  and  impregnated  with  an  oily  resin  which  makes 
it  very  durable.  Its  botanical  name  is  Eperua  falcata. 
— R.E.] 

OUTBrDOB,  J. 

91,  91a  Bully  tree,  transverse  and  vertical  sections, 
from  River  Demerara. 

[The  tree  yielding  this  wood  b  supposed  to  be  a  species 
of  Mimusopt.  It  is  foimd  throughout  the  colony,  but 
most  abundantly  in  the  county  of  Berbice.  It  is  of  great 
siie,  and  squares  firom  20  to  30  inches,  and  may  be  obtained 
from  20  to  30  feet  long.  Tlie  weather  has  little  effect  upon 
it,  and  it  is  employed  for  house  frames,  posts,  floors,  &c. 


The  upper  portion  of  the  tnmk  and  branches  are  manu- 
factured into  shingles,  wheel-spokes,  palings,  &c.] 

92, 92a  Silverballi,  yellow,  transverse  and  vertical 
sections,  from  River  Demerara* 

[This  wood  is  supposed  to  be  derived  from  a  species  of 
Neciandra.  It  is  light  and  floats,  and  contains  a  bitter 
principle,  which  protects  it  from  the  attacks  of  worms. 
Hence  it  is  much  used  for  the  outside  planking  of  colony 
craft.  It  is  also  used  for  booms  and  masts.  It  grows  to 
a  great  size,  but  then  is  often  hollow.  It  will,  however, 
square  sound  from  10  to  14  inches,  from  40  to  50  feet 
long.] 

Fauset,  T. 

93  Silverballi,  portion  of  the  planking  of  a  drogher. 

[This  specimen  formed  part  of  the  outside  planking  of  a 
drogher  employed  in  the  conveyance  of  produce  in  this 
colony,  and  is  known  to  liare  been  exposed  to  the  action 
of  salt  water  during  a  period  of  ^  years.] 

94  Silverballi,  portion  of  the  planking  of  a  punt. 
[This  specimen  formed  part  of  the  bottom  of  a  punt 

known  to  have  been  used  in  the  Demerara  River  for  a 
period  of  30  years  and  upwards.] 

Buchanan,  A. 
95, 95a  Camara,  or  tonquin  bean,  transverse  and  vertical 
sections,  from  River  Essequebo. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  Dipteiyx  adoratOy  the 
tree  which  produces  the  well-known  Tonquin  bean.  It 
is  hard,  tough,  and  durable  in  an  eminent  degree ;  and  it 
is  said  that  a  portion  of  its  timber,  one  inch  square,  and  of 
a  given  length,  bears  100  lbs.  more  weight  than  any  other 
timber  in  Guiana  of  the  same  dimensions.  It  is  therefore 
peculiarly  adapted  for  any  purpose  where  resistance  to 
great  pressure  is  the  object,  and  for  shafts,  mill- wheels,  or 
cogs.  It  will  square  from  18  to  20  inches,  from  40  to  50 
feet  long.  This  tree  is,  however,  not  very  plentiful  in  this 
colony.] 

96,  96a  Saouari,  transverse  and  vertical  sections,  from 
River  Essequebo. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  Cartfocar  tameniotum, 
Dec.  or  Pekea  tuhereulota,  Aubl.,  the  tree  which  yields 
the  deUcious  nut  known  as  the  Saouari,  or  Sewarri  nut. 
It  greatly  resembles  in  its  properties  the  mora,  being  ex- 
cellent for  ship-building,  mill-timbers,  and  plank,  and  may 
be  had  from  16  to  20  inches  square,  from  20  to  40  feet 
long.] 

OUTBIDOE,  J. 

97,  97a,  976  Yaruri,  or  naddlewood,  transverse  and  ver- 
tical sections,  from  River  Demerara. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  Atpidotperma  exeelMtm^ 
Benth.  The  whole  tree,  from  5  to  6  feet  in  diameter,  and, 
to  the  first  branches,  about  50  feet  in  height,  lias  the 
appearance  of  being  fluted,  or  as  if  it  consisted  of  a  fas- 
ciculus of  numerous  slender  trees.  The  fluted  projections 
of  the  trunk  are  used  by  the  Indians  for  the  construction 
of  their  paddles.  The  wood  is  light,  elastic,  and  very 
strong,  and  preferred  to  any  other  for  cotton  gin-roUcrs.] 

98,  98a  Ilackia,  lif^um  vitse,  transverse  and  vertical 
sections,  from  RivtT  l>cmerara. 

[This  wood,  known  in  the  colony  as  Liffmmm  riia^  is 
said  to  be  obtained  from  Onaicum  qficinahf  Lin. ;  but 
this  seems  doubtful,  as  the  tree  producing  the  wood  attains 
a  height  of  from  50  to  60  feet,  and  squares  16  to  18  inches, 
wliilst  the  Omaicnm  officinale  is  described  as  a  compara- 
tively small  tree  about  4  or  5  inches  in  diameter.  It  is 
used  for  mill-cogs  and  shafts.  The  specimens  sent  are 
from  a  tree  supposed  to  be  about  40  years  old.] 


95:4 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


[Colonies  a 


i 


Dfogin,  T.  B. 

99,  99a  Lana,  transverse  and  vertical  sections,  from 
River  Berbice. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  Gentpa  Americana,  Lin., 
the  fruit  of  which  yields  the  Indian  pigment  known  as 
Lana  dye.  The  tree  is  very  high,  and  the  trunk  will  fre- 
quently square  from  14  to  18  inches.  The  wood  is  close 
grained,  and  is  not  liable  to  split.] 

100,  100a  Mammce  apple,  transverse  and  vertical 
sections,  from  River  Berbice. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  the  3fammea  Americana, 
Lin.,  which  produces  the  Mammee  apple,  or  wild  apricot 
of  South  America.] 

[The  Mammee  apple  tree  is  an  ally  of  the  celebrated 
Mangosteen  tree.  It  is  valued  for  the  medicinal  properties 
of  its  seeds.  The  flowers  are  distilled  and  produce  a  kind 
of  alcoholic  extract.  The  sap,  when  fermented,  forms  a 
sort  of  wine.  It  is  sometimes  called  the  wild  apricot  tree. 
— R.  E.] 

101,  lOltf  Hyawa,  transverse  and  vertical  sections, 
from  River  Berbice. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  the  Idea  heptaphyUa, 
AubL,  or  incense  tree,  yielding  the  gum  Hyawa.] 

102,  102a  Corkwood,  transverse  and  vertical  sections, 
from  River  Berbice. 

PoNTiPEX,  Geobqe. 

1025  Corkwood  tree,  abutment  from  near  the  root, 
from  TrooUe  Island,  River  Essequebo. 

[This  wood  is  supposed  to  be  obtained  from  Pterocarpus 
Draco,  Lin.,  or  P.  suberosus,  Fers.,  and  is  used  chiefly  as 
floats  for  fishing  nets.] 

Bee,  J.  F. 

103,  103a  Courida,  transverse  and  vertical  sections, 
from  Plantation  Woodlands,  River  Mahaica. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  Avicennla  nitida,  Jac,  a 
tree  of  surprising  rapidity  of  growth.  These  sixjciiiieus 
are  from  a  tree  five  years  old.  The  wood  is  perishable 
when  exposed  to  the  atmosphere,  but  is  very  durable  under 
groimd,  and  is  therefore  used  as  foundations  for  buildings.] 

OUTRIDGE,  J. 

104,  104a  Itikiriboiu^balli,  transverse  and  vertical  sec- 
tions. 

[This  wood  is  supposed  to  be  obtained  from  Machaerium 
Schomburgkii,  Benth.  The  trunk  grows  to  the  length  of 
from  30  to  40  feet,  and  squares  from  12  to  16  inches.  It 
is  used  chiefly  for  cabinet  work.] 

105,  105a  White  cedar,  or  warracoori,  transverse  and 
vertical  sections,  from  River  Demerara. 

Bee,  J.  F. 

1056,  105<7  White  cedar,  or  warracoori,  transverse  and 
vertical  sections,  from  River  Mahaica,  East  Sea  Coast, 
Demerara. 

[This  wood  is  obtained  from  Idea  aUissima,  Aubl.  It 
is  light,  easily  worked,  and  verj'  aromatic.  Sir  Robert 
Scliomburgk  states  that  one  of  his  canoes,  42  feet  long  and 
5i  feet  wide,  was  made  from  a  tree  of  tliis  species.  It  is 
used  for  oars  and  paddles,  and  for  boards  for  inside  work 
of  liouses.  During  the  iVmcrican  war  it  was  used  for 
staves  of  sugar  hogsheads.] 

OrxRiDGE,  J. 
lOG,  lOna  Suradanni,   transverse  and  vertical  sections, 
from  River  Demerara. 

[It  is  much  used  for  timbers,  rails,  and  covering  boards 
for  colony  craft,  and  for  naves  and  felloes  of  wheels.     It 


is  also  made  into  canoes  by  the  Indians.     It  will  sqv 
from  14  to  18  inches,  from  30  to  40  feet  long.] 

107, 107a  Determa,  transverse  and  vertical  tectic 
from  River  Demerara. 

[This  wood  is  used  for  masts,  booms,  and  planking 
colony  craft ;  and  as  insects  do  not  infest  it,  it  is  i 
adapted  for  chests,  wardrobes,  &c.  It  will  square  fi 
14  to  16  inches,  from  40  to  60  feet  in  length.] 

108, 108a  Crabwood,  transverse  and  Terticil  tectk 
from  River  Demerara. 

[This  wood  b  obtained  from  Xyloearpm  cam 
Spreng.,  or  Carapa  ffuianentit,  AubL,  the  seeds  of  wl 
yield  the  crab  oil.  It  is  a  light  wood,  and  takes  a  li 
polish,  and  is  used  for  masts  and  spars,  flooring,  pa 
tions,  and  doors  of  houses.  There  are  two  varieties, 
red  and  white.  These  specimens  are  the  white.  It  sqiu 
from  14  to  16  inches,  from  40  to  60  feet  long.] 

109,  109a  Koquerettaballi,  transverse  and  vertical  i 
tions,  from  River  Demerara. 

[This  wood  forms  excellent  rafters  and  beams  fat  i 
tages.  It  grows  from  20  to  30  feet  long,  and  frcnn  i 
6  inches  in  diameter.] 

110, 110a  Coutabally,  transverse  and  yertical  sectk 
from  River  Demerara. 

[The  tree  which  yields  this  timber  grows  upon  ss 
hills ;  the  wood  is  veiy  hard  and  durable  if  not  expoeec 
the  weather ;  it  is  plentiful,  and  principaUy  used  for  ho 
frames,  and  will  square  12  inches,  from  30  to  40  feet  kn 

111,  Ilia  Blackheart.,  transverse  and  verticiJ  sectii 
from  River  Demerara. 

[This  is  a  good  wood  for  house  frames  and  for  mak 
furniture.  It  will  square  from  6  to  7  inches,  from  2C 
30  feet  long.] 

112, 112a  Cabacalli,  transverse  and  Tertical  sectk 
from  River  Demerara. 

[Tliis  wood  is  impregnated  with  a  bitter  principle,  wli 
defends  it  against  worms  j  it  lasts  well  under  water,  am 
much  used  for  planking  colony  craft.  It  must,  howe^ 
be  fastened  with  copper  nails.  It  will  square  from  15 
16  inches,  or  even  more,  from  40  to  45  feet  long.] 

113, 113a  Yarn  yarri,  or  lancewood,  transverse  i 
vertical  sections,  from  River  Demerara. 

[This  tree  is  stated  by  Schombui^k  to  be  Ihtgrn 
quitarensis,  Lindl.,  a  slender  tree  found  in  tolen 
abundance  in  the  interior  of  the  colony.  The  wood  j 
sesses  much  toughness  and  elasticity,  and  is  used  for 
shaft:s,  and,  when  small,  for  whip  handles  and  fishing  re 
The  Indians  make  their  arrow  points  of  it.  It  grows  fi 
4  to  6  inches  in  diameter  at  the  lower  end,  and  from  IS 
20  feet  long.] 

[Sir  R.  Schomburgk  states  that  the  hard,  tough,  i 
elastic  wood,  so  higlily  esteemed  for  the  shafts  of  carria 
and  other  coach-building  purposes,  is  produced  by  1 
tree,  yarri  yarri.  It  belongs  to  the  natural  order  Ak 
acece^  and  its  botanical  title  is  Duf^uetia  qmitaren 
— R.  E.] 

114  Torchwood,  from  River  Demerara. 

[Supposed  to  be  obtained  from  a  species  of  Amifdi 
Idea.     Wlien  beaten,  so  as  to  separate   the    fibre, 
branches  are  used  as  torches  by  the  Indians.] 

115,  115a  Tooroo,  transverse  and  vertical  sections,  fi 
River  Demerara. 

[Tliis  tree  is  a  species  of  i>alm.  It  grows  to  the  hei 
of  from  50  to  70  feet.     Its  woody  outside  is  used  bv 


Pependencies.] 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


985 


cmbinct-iDAkers  for  inlaid  work,  waUung-sticks,  billiard 
cues,  &c.] 

Beb,  J.  F. 

116  Coffee  tree,  portion  of  the  trunk,  from  Canal  No. 
2,  Bi?er  Demerara. 

116a  Coffee  tree,  yertical  section,  from  Canal  No.  2, 
Btrer  Demerara. 

117,  117a  Tigerwood,  transverse  and  vcrtioal  sections, 
from  Biyer  Demerara. 

[This  is  the  heart  of  the  wood  ItikiribourabaUi,  and  is 

m  raluable  wood  for  cabinct-making.] 

Stutchduby,  J.  S. 

1175, 117c  Tranflverse  and  vertical  sections  of  letter 
wood,  from  the  Biver  Corent jne. 

[This  is  obtained  from.  Broaimum  AubUtiif  Poep^  or 
Firaiinera  gnianeKtU^  AubL,  and  is  one  of  the  costliest 
woods  which  Guiana  possesses.  It  is  of  a  beautiful  brown 
colour  with  black  spots,  which  have  been  compared  to 
hieroglyphics ;  the  spotted  part  being  only  peculiar  to  the 
heart,  which  is  seldom  more  than  12  to  15  inches  in  cir- 
cumference. It  is  adapted  for  cabinet  work  of  small  size 
and  for  veneering  only.  From  its  extreme  hardness  it  is 
difficult  to  work,  and  therefore  httle  used.] 

OUTRIDOB,  J. 

117(f,  1170  Transverse  and  vertical  sections  of  the  saka 
or  bastard  purple  heart-wood,  from  Biver  Demerara. 
[Used  for  furniture.] 

117/1  Wig  Transverse  and  vertical  sections  of  the  ita- 
baUi  tree,  from  Biver  Demerara. 

[The  tree  which  produces  this  wood  is  Voch^sia  guUt- 
nenntf  AubL,  and  is  used  by  the  Indians  for  making 
corials.] 

1 17A,  117»  Transverse  and  vci^ical  sections  of  the  Wada- 
duri  or  monkey-pot  tree,  from  Biver  Demerara. 

[The  tree  which  produces  this  timber  is  the  Leehythig 
grandiflora^  ^ubl.,  and  is  plentiful.  The  wood  is  used  for 
furniture,  staves,  &c.  The  specimens  sent  are  frt>m  a  tree 
supposed  to  be  about  25  years  old.] 

117;,  1171:  Transverse  and  vertical  sections  of  the  hya- 
wabdili  tree,  from  Biver  Demerara. 

[This  tree  is  scarce.  Tliis  wood,  known  as  zebra  wood, 
is  used  for  furniture.  The  specimens  sent  arc  from,  a  tree 
supposed  to  be  about  30  years  old.] 

117^  117m  Transverse  and  vertical  sections  of  the  sil- 
badani  tree,  from  the  Biver  Demerara. 

[Tliis  wood  is  used  for  furniture.  The  specimens  sent 
are  from  a  tree  supposed  to  be  about  20  years  old.] 

1 17ii,  117o  Transverse  and  vertical  sections  of  the  simiri, 
or  locust  tree,  from  Biver  Demerara. 

[The  tree  producing  this  wood  is  HymeTkonea  courharil^ 
Lin.,  and  is  plentiful  in  various  parts  of  the  colony.  It 
often  attains  a  height  of  from  60  to  80  feet,  with  a  trunk 
from  7  to  8  feet  in  diameter.  The  wood  is  hard  and  com- 
pact, and  its  durabihty  recommends  it  for  mill  rollers  and 
similar  purposes.  Tlie  Indians  make  "  wood»kins"  out  of 
the  bark.  Tlie  specimens  sent  are  from  a  tree  supposed  to 
be  above  100  yean  old.] 

117;>,  Wlq  Transverse  and  vertical  sections  of  the  tow- 
rancroo  or  bastard  buUy  tree,  from  Biver  Demerara. 

[It  is  very  plentiful,  and  is  us«l  for  framing  timber, 
spokes,  Ac.  It  will  sqiuire  25  inches,  from  -tt)  to  50  feet 
long.  Tlie  specimens  sent  are  from  a  tree  supix)sed  to  be 
about  50  years  old.] 

117r,  117*  Transverse  and  vertical  sections  of  the  Mari- 
sibalU  tree,  from  River  Demerara. 

[This  tree  is  plentiful,  and  is  used  chiefly  for  spars.     It 


will  square  fi^m  18  to  14  inches,  from  30  to  40  feet  in 
length.  The  specimens  sent  are  from  a  tree  supposed  to 
be  about  20  years  old. 

With  regard  to  the  timber  trees  of  this  colony.  Sir 
Bobert  Schomburgk,  in  his  description  of  British  Guiana, 
published  in  1840,  p.  116,  observes : — "  I  cannot  conclude 
my  observations  on  the  capabiUties  of  British  Guiana, 
without  referring  once  more  to  the  importance  of  its 
timber  trade,  and  the  source  of  wealth  wliich  might  bo 
derived  if  there  were  a  sufficient  number  of  woodcutters. 
At  present,  if  we  make  a  few  exceptions,  it  is  only  carried 
on  by  individuals  who  enter  upon  it  with  but  Uttle  capital 
and  slender  means ;  and  yet  there  are  instances  where  the 
industrious  and  sober  have  reaped  riches.  The  Gtncss  of 
the  timbers  for  naval  architecture  is  unparalleled,  and  in 
some  instances  is  said  to  surpass  the  teak.  The  green- 
heart,  the  mora,  and  souari  or  sewarri,  of  all  other  woods, 
are  most  unquestionably  the  best  adapted  for  ship-build- 
ing. Within  the  last  ten  or  twelve  years  a  considerable 
quantity  of  brown  greenheart  has  been  sent  to  Liverpool 
and  Greenock ;  and  I  have  been  told  tluit  builders  and 
others  interested  in  shipping  are  now  of  opinion,  after 
about  ten  years'  trial  of  the  wood,  that  in  strength  and 
durabihty  it  is  superior  to  any  oak,  and  it  actually  com- 
mands a  higher  price.  Ilad  these  woods  been  introduced 
and  extensively  employed  in  the  Boyal  Dockyards  fifteen 
or  twenty  years  ago,  it  is  the  opinion  of  competent  judges 
that  we  should  not  now  hear  much  of  dry-rot  and  Kyan*8 
patent ;  and  not  to  mention  tluit  rapid  decay  of  vessels 
built  of  English  and  African  oak,  and  the  consequent 
frequent  repairs,  with  what  saving  to  Government  would 
it  not  have  been  connected !  If^  therefore,  the  attention 
of  the  Navy  Board  could  be  drawn  to  the  important  fact 
that  British  Guiana  can  furnish  the  finest  and  most  durable 
wood  in  the  world,  in  sufllcient  quantities  to  supply  all 
the  ship-building  establishments  in  Great  Britain,  a 
double  benefit  would  arise  from  it,  namely,  the  saving  to 
Government  and  the  increased  demand  for  the  natural 
productions  of  the  colony.  Tlie  first  experiment  might 
be  made  to  estabhMh  a  dockyard  for  the  repair  of  such  of 
Her  Majesty's  cruisers  on  the  W^est  India  station  as  draw 
not  more  than  18  or  19  feet  water.  The  outlay  of  such 
an  establishment  would  be  trifling  if  the  importance  of 
ultimate  success  be  considered.  The  woods  which  are 
quaUfied  for  ornamental  purposes  vie  in  elegance,  if 
polished,  with  any  in  the  world.  The  want  of  labourers 
is  the  great  cause  tlmt  these  treasures  he  comparatively 
hidden,  and  have  scarcely  excited  attention.  The  demand 
in  the  colony  lias  bet>n  so  great  for  native  woods,  that 
those  who  are  at  present  employed  in  that  trade  are  not 
able  to  meet  it."  It  may  be  proi>er  to  a<ld  to  this  state- 
ment from  Sir  Bobert  S<.'honiburgk's  work,  the  fact,  tliat 
in  consequence  of  British  Guiana  being  so  ext4*nsivcly  in- 
tersected by  navigable  rivers,  ships  of  considerable  burthen 
may  load  in  the  immc^liate  vicinity  of  most  of  the  wood- 
cutting cstabliithmeiits.] 

MiscELLAXBors  Abttclbs. 

SxTTCHBrBT,  J.  8. 

118  Tonquin  bean,  from  Biver  Demerara. 

118a  Tonquin  b«*an,  in  capsules,  from  Biver  Demerara. 

[This  bean  is  the  fruit  of  IHpierix  odoraia^  Willd.,  and 
is  princiiwlly  used  to  impart  fragrance  to  snuff.] 

DrooLx,  T.  B. 

119  Job*s  tears  (bud-hke  seeds),  from  Biver  Berbiee. 
[Tliis  very  peculiar  seed  of  a  grass  is  the  fruit  of  Caur 


986 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


rCoLOSIES  AS^ 


lachryma,  Lin.,  and  is  used  in  Guiana  for  ornaments, 
such  as  necklaces,  &c.] 

[This  singular  term,  Job's  tears,  is  applied  to  the  stonj 
fruits  of  a  graminaceous  plant,  Coix  lachryma.  They  are 
valued  on  account  of  some  supposed  medicinal  qualities. 
RE.] 

Koss,  Geobge. 

120  Soap  berries,  from  Plantation  Ruminveld,  River 
Demarara. 

[This  is  the  kernel  of  the  fruit  of  Sapindus  saponctriay 
Lin.,  and  is  used  for  ornaments,  necklaces,  bracelets,  &c.] 

Manget,  Mrs. 

121  Barricarri  seeds,  firom  Georgetown,  Demerara. 

[These  are  the  seeds  of  Erythrina  corallodendron^  Lin., 
and  are  used  for  ornamental  purposes.] 

Shier,  Datid. 

122  Buck,  or  canna  shoots,  or  seeds  of  the  **  Tous  les 
mois,"  from  G^rgctown,  Demerara. 

This  is  the  seed  of  an  undetermined  species  of  Canna^ 
variously  supposed  to  be  C.  cocciniay  C,  lutea,  C,  occi- 
dentalism and  C  AcMraSy  and  is  used  by  the  Indians  for 
shot.  From  the  rhizome  of  this  plant  is  obtained  the 
Tous  les  mois  starch  of  commerce.  It  grows  wild  in  this 
colony,  and  could  be  cultivated  to  any  extent.] 

MoBiBON  &  Kyox. 

123  Isinglass,  from  Gilbagre,  coast  of  Demerara. 

[This  is  the  sound  of  the  Silurus ?   a  fish  very 

abundant  in  the  estuaries  of  the  rivers  of  this  colony.] 

Bee,  J.  F. 

124  Honey,  from  Plantation  Woodlands,  River  Ma- 
haica. 

[This  is  the  produce  of  a  small  wild  bee,  which  is  sting- 
less,  and  easily  domesticated.  The  honey  is  deposited 
in  small  separate  pouches,  and  may  be.  removed  once  every 
month  by  making  a  pimcture  in  the  bottom  of  the  pouch, 
fi^m  which  it  readily  flows,  which  opening,  the  insect 
afterwards  speedily  closes  up.] 

Bakklt,  Mrs. 

125  Ornamented  hammock,  made  of  silk  grass,  supposed 
to  be  the  fibre  of  a  species  of  Bromelia^  or  of  Agave  vivi- 
para^  Lin.,  ornamented  with  the  feathers  of  the  toucan, 
macaw,  &c. 

Stftchbuet,  J.  S. 

126  Ita,  or  eta  palm  hammock,  made  of  the  fibre  ot 
Mauritia  Jlexuosa^  Lin. 

127  Ropes  to  the  same,  made  from  silk  grass. 

Babkly,  Mrs. 

128  Hat,  made  of  the  bark  of  the  ita  palm. 

129  Indian  head  dresses,  ornamented  with  feathers, 
worn  by  the  chiefs. 

Holmes,  W.  H. 

130  Case  of  pagalas,  or  packallsi,  made  of  the  outer  rind 
of  the  ita  palm,  and  much  used  in  tlie  colony  as  baskets. 

131  Shaak-shaak,  from  River  Demerara.  A  child's  toy, 
and  used  by  the  Indians  in  their  dances. 

132  Fans,  made  of  the  ita  palm. 

Shier,  Datid. 

133  Matapi,  or  cassava  squeezer,  made  of  the  ita 
palm. 

[Used  by  the  Indians  for  expressing  the  juice  from 
grated  cassava.  Before  being  filled,  it  is  compressed  as 
far  as  possible  so  as  to  increase  its  diameter ;  it  is  then 
filled  and  suspended  from  a  beam,  and  a  lever  is  inserted 
into  the  lower  loop,  to  tlie  long  end  of  wlneh  a  weight  is 
applied,  by  which  the  matapi  becomes  elongated.  It  will 
be  observed  that  the  change  of  form  in  the  vessel  will  tend 


to  diminish  its  cubic  contents,  and  when  stretched  to  iti 
utmost  length,  its  capacity  will  be  diminished  by  neariT 
one-third :  hence  its  applicability  for  effecting  expretnoo.^ 

Bee,  J.  F. 

134  Etami,  or  cassava-sifter,  used  by  the  Indians,  made 
of  the  ita  palm. 

Babkly,  Mrs. 

135  Model  of  an  Indian  house,  and  twentj-eigbt  minia- 
ture models  of  ftumiture,  implements,  &c.,  as  used  bj  the 
natives. 

Rose,  Miss. 

136  Ck>tton  hammock. 

[This  is  made  of  the  wild  cotton  from  the  interior  of 
the  colony,  referred  to  in  Sir  R.  Schomburgk*s  descriptiicm 
of  British  Guiana  as  remarkable  for  its  fine  long  stapk, 
silky  appearance,  and  excellent  quality.  Full-sized  ham- 
mocks made  of  this  material  command  a  price  frtmi  thm 
to  four  times  higher  than  those  of  English  manufact^nv.] 

RiES,  BSRyHABD. 

137  Spim  cotton,  frowi  River  Pomeroon. 
[This  is  also  the  wild  cotton  of  the  interior.] 

Stutchbfbt,  J.  S. 
138, 139  Fishing  nets  of  silk  grass,  of  Indian  mana- 
facture. 

DENias,  Geoboe. 

140  Basket,  used  by  the  Indians  when  travelling,  slun^ 
from  their  shoulders.  Entire  wardrobe  of  a  female  Indian 
of  the  Warrow  tribe. 

DiroiJiy,  T.  B. 

141  Indian  war  club,  from  River  Berbioe. 

Abkott,  Robebt. 
142, 143  Indian  war  clubs,  from.  River  Demerara. 
144  Blowpipe  and  qu^er,  with  poisoned  arrows,  used 
by  the  Indians. 

[The  inner  tube  of  the  blowpipe  is  a  single  intemode 
of  the  Arundinaria  SchonUmrgkii,  Benth.  These  inter- 
nodes  are  sometimes  16  feet  in  length.  The  arrow  it 
inserted  into  the  tube,  liaving  a  dossil  of  cotton  around 
its  lower  end,  aim  is  taken,  and  the  arrow  projected  by  a 
sudden  expiration.  Accompanying  the  quiver,  there  i« 
the  maxilla  of  a  fish  which  is  used  for  partially  cutting; 
the  jx)isoned  end  of  the  arrow,  so  that  that  portion  may 
break  off  and  remain  in  the  woimd.  This  cutt  ing  is  effecteti 
by  rapidly  turning  the  arrow  between  the  teeth  of  the 
maxilla.] 

145,  145<i  Bows  and  arrows,  bows  made  of  washiba, 
used  by  the  Indians. 

Dttoqin,  T.  B. 

146  Winna,  used  by  the  Indians  for  endosing  tobacco, 
ill  the  form  of  sheroots,  for  smokipg,  and  said  to  be  made 
of  the  rind  of  the  frniit  of  the  Manicole  palm,  Artca 
manicoty  Lodd.,  from  River  Berbice. 

147,  147tf  Buck  pot,  used  in  preparing  pepper  pot. 

[These  pots  are  made  by  the  Indians,  of  a  peculiar 
description  of  clay  foimd  on  the  banks  of  the  rivers  in 
various  parts  of  the  colony.] 

148  Indian  fly-brush. 

118a  Walking-stick  of  letter- wood,  carved  by  the  In- 
dians. 

OUTBEDOE,  J. 
I486  Adada,  or  wood-skin,  from  the  River  Denn'rara. 

[This  is  the  bark  of  tlie  purple-heart  tree,  calkxi  b\  the 
Indians  Mariwayana.  Sir  R.  Schomburgk  say*  : — "  Tliey 
take  off  the  bark  of  this  tree  when  fresh  cut  dow-n,  and 
with  very  Uttlc  trouble  convert  it  into  a  canot%  conimoiily 
called  a  *  wood-skin,'  some  of  which  are  large  enougli  to 
carry  20  to  25  persons  with   perfect  safety  on  8mo<'»ih 


Dependencies.] 


BRITISH  GUIANA. 


d87 


water."  During  the  month  of  Febmary  of  the  present 
year,  the  contributor  and  two  other  persons,  weighing 
together  not  less  than  600  lbs.,  descended  or  "  shot"  the 
Kapids,  about  100  miles  above  the  estuary  of  the  BiTer 
Demerara,  in  this  wood-skin,  in  perfect  safety.  The  seats 
commonly  made  use  of  in  wood-skins  consist  of  two  or 
more  light  cyHndrical  pieces  of  wood,  the  ends  of  which 
are  notched  and  rest  upon  the  gunwale.  The  wood-skin 
sent  measures  18^  feet  in  length,  and  about  28  inches  in 
width.  Accompanying  it  are  two  paddles  made  of  yaruri, 
or  paddle-wood.] 

149  Quaick,  or  covered  basket,  of  n^gro  manufacture, 
made  of  a  palm  called  moucourou. 

150  Basket,  such  as  is  used  in  coffee  picking,  of  similar 
manufiicture. 

151  Hand  basket,  of  negro  manufacture. 

152  Two  baskets,  of  negro  manufacture,  made  of  the 
cabbage  palm,  Areca  moniatM^  Lodd. 

153  Calabashes,  the  shell  or  rind  of  the  fruit  of  Cres* 
eentia  cmjete,  Linn. 

Steele,  Matthew. 

154, 154a  Door-locks,  made  of  greenheart,  and  in  use 
among  the  Creoles  of  this  colony. 

155,  155a,  1556  Door-locks,  made  of  crabwood,  and  in 
use  among  the  Creoles  of  this  colony. 

Bee,  J.  F. 

156  Walking-sticks,  made  from  the  outer  part  or  rind 
of  the  tooroo  palm,  from  the  River  Demerara. 

156a  A  box  containing  eighty  small  specimens  of  the 
woods  of  the  colony. 

157,  157a  Diagrams  showing  the  course  of  temperature 
mt  Geoi*getown,  Demerara,  during  the  five  years  1846  to 
1850,  and  the  mean  range  thereof  &c. 

158  Round  table,  composed  of  many  kinds  of  wood,  the 
growth  of  the  colony. 

HoPKiNSON,  Jonathan,  Esq. 

159  Japanned  cup  and  plate,  made  from  the  fig-tree. 

RiDGWAT,  A  F.,  Esq. 
160,  161  Stuffed  birds  : — Toucan ;   blue  parrot,  from 
the  Essequebo ;  yellow-bellied  trojaa.    Skins  of  monkey, 
panther,  &o. 

CoLLiNO,  John,  Esq. 

162  Model  of  a  Birch  Indian's  house  and  £unily« 

RiDOWAT,  A.  F.,  Esq. 

163  Cotton  grown  b^  W.  Finlidson,  Esq.,  Fullerswood 
Park,  Blacknow,  Jamaica. 

164  Sptxrimens  of  the  snake-nut  of  the  colony. 

[This  remarkable  vegetable  production  was  discovered  in 
Demerara  by  Sir  R.  Schomburgk.  The  embryo  of  the  nut 
bears  a  strong  resemblance,  from  its  being  spirally  twisted, 
to  a  snake  curled  up.  The  tree  producing  this  singular 
nut  is  one  of  the  soap-nuts,  and  has  been  called  by  its  dis- 
ooverer  Ophdocatyon  parctdoxum, — R.  £.] 

164a  A  native  bag  of  coloured  beads. 

A  necklace  worn  by  the  natives,  which  is  composed  of 
teeth  of  the  wild  boar  (peccary  ?) 

Another,  of  dried  seed-vessels  of  a  remarkable  shield 
form,  and  very  hard. 

Another,  of  black  polygonal  beads,  apparently  of  the 
wood  of  the  Dari  tree. 

A  throat  ornament  composed  of  black  feathers,  probably 
of  the  black  toucan. 


An  '*  eatou,"  or  Indian  lady*s  wardrobe,  being  a  sort  of 
basket  worked  in  beads,  the  pattern  of  which  is  a  running 
square  border  of  preciselv  that  character  which  is  com- 
monly called  "  Egyptian,  and  of  constant  oocurrenoe  in 
GreeK  sculptures  and  paintings. 

Pair  of  native  sandals,  the  thongs  as  well  as  the  soles 
of  which  are  made  of  the  bark  of  the  palm  tree. 

Various  war  clubs  and  other  weapons  of  hard  and  close- 
grained  woods  grown  in  the  colony. 

Bottle  containing  an  aquatic  fig-like  plant,  met  with  on 
the  waters  of  the  Guiana  rivers.  It  is  of  a  highly  noxious 
nature,  and  by  some  supposed  to  be  the  plant  yielding  the 
Warouli  poison. 

A  native  ear-ring,  composed  of  a  long  tooth,  with  a 
natural  groove  or  finrrow  on  its  interior  fiioe,  inserted  on  a 
piece  of  reed  of  very  light  texture. 

A  comb  for  the  hair,  made  of  the  outer  wood  of  the 
Tooroo  palm. 

Dried  skin,  18  feet  long,  of  a  JBoa  conttridor. 

[This  skin  exhibits  numerous  perforations  by  a  sword, 
with  which  the  boa  was  despatched,  immediately  after 
crushing  to  death  and  swallowing  a  negro  boy,  who  had 
accompanied  an  English  gentleman  on  a  fishing  excursion 
near  the  jimction  of  the  Essequebo  river  with  one  of  its 
tributaries.] 

A  small  case  or  quiver  of  hollow  cane,  suspended  by  a 
cord,  spun  from  the  wild  cotton. 

[The  case  contains  an  arrow  point,  or  head,  being  a 
small  thin  BpUnt  of  wood,  little  more  than  half  an  inch  in 
circumference,  and  five  or  six  inches  long,  hardened  in  the 
fire.  The  extremity  has  been  steeped  in  the  warouli 
poison.  This  arrow  head  is  attached  to  the  shaft  by  a 
thong  or  filament  so  contrived,  that  on  striking  an  object 
it  detaches  itself^  remaining  in  the  wound,  and  thus 
enabling  the  native  hunter  to  recover  his  wei^n.^ 

Quayen,  a  native  Indian  squaw*s  dress. 

Snake-nut,  supposed  to  be  the  seed  of  a  water-plant, 
which,  when  ripe,  sinks,  but,  from  some  cause  not  ger- 
minating, again  riacs  to  the  surface.  Same  species  as  horse- 
chestnut.     Grows  on  a  vine  near  tlie  rivers. 

Wari,  or  warouli  poison,  made  from  a  vine ;  the  wood 
is  chopped  small,  and  boiled  down  to  a  paste. 


FALKLAND  ISLANDa 

The  only  contributions  from  these  islands  are  the 
private  collection  of  one  exhibitor.  This,  however, 
represents,  more  or  less  completely,  the  natural  features 
of  the  islands,  since  it  includes  sketches  illustrative  of 
their  geology,  botany,  and  mineralogy. — R.  E. 


1     WnrrrnroTON,  G.  T.,  Woking^  Surrey — Proprietor. 

Portfolio  containing  fourteen  sketches  of  remarkable 
places,  etiological  formations,  plants,  &c.,  of  these  islands. 

PortfoUo  containing  twenty-seven  sheets  :  specimens  of 
grasses,  sheep*s  wool,  &c.,  produce  of  those  islands. 

Specimens  of  coal,  copper,  sandstone,  quartx,  spar,  peb- 
bles, rock,  peat,  lichens,  orchilla  weed,  &o.,  from  tho 


same. 


[Official  iLLtrsTRATiD  CATALOOtn.] 


40 


SB3TSS^1   P0SSESS30NS 

m  AUSTRALAS3A. 


EASTERN    ARCHIPELAGO.— AUSTRALIA, 

VAN  DIEMEN'S  LAND.— NEW  ZEALAND. 


The  conntries  Topresented  under  this  hcid,  and  above  enumerated,  have  ient  interesting  collectiona  of  natire 
pnxluce  of  different  kinds.  Of  these,  the  collection  from  Van  Diemen's  Ijand  is  the  meet  extensive,  cotn- 
priBJng  objects  acntby  a  considerable  number  of  exhibitors.  In  each  instance,  however,  the  attempt  bad  bera 
mode  to  send  for  exhlbiUoii  such  articles  as  represented  best  the  peculiar  products  of  the  country  eiLibilinz. 
Many  of  the  objects  are  of  great  importance  to  the  merchant  seeking  a  new  source  t<x  known  materials. — K.  £. 


EASTERN  ARCHIPELAGO. 

SODTE  Abea,  S.  32. 
The  Eastern  Archipelago,  so  recently  opened  to  civili- 
zation and  secure  commercial  enterprise,  is  represented 
by  three  exhibitors,  whose  contributions  consist  of 
native  cloth,  a  series  of  Malay  paintings,  a  model  of  a 
pirate  lx>at.  In  addition,  is  a  great  variety  of  natural 
proiJiicIs,  vegetable  and  mineral.  Among  the  former, 
guttft  percha  and  its  varieties  will  form  an  interesting 
study.  The  giuus  and  spices  arc  likewise  valuable. — 
II.  E.  

1  Qbet,  The  CouatesB. 

Cloth  manufactured  bj  the  Seribas,  in  Borueo. 
Cloth  made  by  the  Mellanoee,  in  Bomoo ;  seat  homo 
b;  QoTcnioP  Sir  Jamoa  Brwko. 
Twouty-niuD  draii'ings  of  Borneo  plants. 


2         HiMMOSD,  W.  P,  &  Co.,  Merchants,  London. 

Specimens  of  sugar ;  cofii.-o ;  BOgo,  pearl ;  sago,  oom- 
tuon  i  sago,  Sour ;  pepper,  black  i  popper,  white ;  nut- 
megs i  mnce  ;  cloves ;  gambler }  cul«li  i  giun  gamboge ; 
ffuni  benjamin  ;  gum  lac ;  riucj  tortoise-sheil  i  turtlC'SheUj 
is.  0.  p.  sbcUs;  elephants'  teeth;   eleubnnls'  grinder; 

Sutto  pcroha;  gum  cnoulchonp,  or  Inrtia-mbbcri  gum 
unma,  and  isingkas.  The  hitter  manufactured  in  the 
Archipelago  from  the  interior  menibmncs  of  fish,  and 
valued  on  account  of  its  higldy  glutinous  character. 

A  series  of  thirtj-sii  paintings,  bv  n  Mutay  artist. 

A  model,  made  to  scale,  of  a  sailing-boat  used  by  the 
natives  in  Ibe  Cliina  Seas  and  Eastern  Arcliipelago  for  the 
puqiuws  of  smuggling  and  piracy. 

Specimens  of  ratluns,  bamboos,  Ac.,  grown  in  and  im- 
ported from  the  Eastern  Arcliipelago. 


3       WooLlET,  yf..  Secretary  to  the  Easfem  Archi- 
[K'logo  Compnnv,  3i  Cornhil/. 

Bark  cloth,  manufiiclurcd  bj  the  Djnks  of  Borneo. 

S|>is.inicn«  of  hard  wood  from  Borneo ;  and  aur&ce  coal 
trom  Lubiuiu, 


NEW  SOUTH  WALEa 
South  Abea,  S.  30. 
About  twenty  exhibitors  from  this  colony  have  Knt 
articles  for  exhibition.  The  character  of  these  produc- 
tions accords  with  the  peculiar  and  commensal  im- 
portance of  the  colony  itself,  consisting  as  they  do 
principally  of  raw  materials  and  proilucc,  wool  being 
the  most  prominent  article.  Australia  may  be  rightty 
considered  the  moat  extensive  wool-proiiucing  country 
in  the  world.  In  1833,  the  imports  from  that  country 
into  Britain  amounted  to  about  three  and  a-half  million 
pounds ;  in  six  years  they  had  risen  to  ten  million 
poimds,  and  in  tliirteen  years  to  upwanls  of  twenly- 
four  million  pounds.  Tlie  climate  combines  the  aua- 
litiea  essential  to  a  wool-ffrowing  district,  being  dry, 
with  a  warm  summer  and  a  cold  winter.  Oa  the 
Camden  estate  the  bite  Mr.  Macarthur  succeeded  in 
rearing  those  Merino  flocks,  tlie  germ  of  which  he  had, 
in  1806,  introduced  into  Australia  by  means  of  sheep 
imported  in  a  vessel  named  by  him  the  "  Ai^o."  They 
have  proved  one  of  the  chief  sources  of  the  pro«>perity 
of  the  Austmlian  wool  trade,  now  grown  into  national 
importance,  and  in  the  past  year  amounting  to  thirty- 
six  million  ]iounds,  valued  at  two  millions  sterling. 
On  the  same  estate,  of  which  four  coloured  views  are 
exhibited,  an  interesting  experiment  is  now  being  made 
of  iutro(lucin<;  the  cultivation  of  the  vine.  The  vine- 
yards are  situnleil  on  the  Xej-enn  River,  forty  miles 
south-west  of  Sydney.  The  following  account  of 
thi'Se  ex|)erinient8,  which,  if  liaviii:;,  as  there  appc-ara 
every  i^xiliability  of,  a  successful  issue,  cannot  fail  to 
become  of  great  commrrcial  iniporlanec  : — 

"  After  many  ex)M-riinents,  local  expcrienw*  wait  at 
length  obtained.  The  l^st  varieties  of  vines  haviin: 
been  selectp<l,  were  transferred  to  a  proper  site  in  Iti'-V, 
after  the  soil  bad  Ix'cn  deeply  trcnebeii  for  tlieir  nxTp- 
tion.  This  vincynnl  comprises  almut  twenty-two  acres, 
and  is  situated  on  a  natural  terrace,  orifnually  of  allu- 
vi.il  de[x)sit,  a  formation  which  is  of  frerjuont 
on  the  banks  of  several  of  the  larger  sttfnx 


NEW  SOUTH  WALES. 


South  Wales.  The  soil  ia  a  poroiw,  brown,  fine-grained 
■Uioeoiu  kam,  of  great  depth,  coDtainiug  much  decwn- 
poaed  v^eUbla  luatUr,  proiide  of  iron,  and  probably 
k  cooudcnble  quantity  of  potash.  In  sinking  a  well 
•o  opportunity  was  offered  of  ascertaining  the  condi- 
tion of  the  soil  to  the  depth  of  fifty  feet.  Little  change 
wa«  observable  for  the  first  twenty  feet ;  hut  tlio  pre- 
tence of  vegetable  matter  became  gradually  lens  ajipa- 
reut,  and  the  irrat  more  abundant .-  the  soil,  however, 
OODtiiiued  b>  be  quite  as  porous  aa  at  tbe  Burface.  In 
descending  further  the  change  was  more  rapid, becoming 
more  ferruginous,  with  a  considerable  admixture  of 
alnmiim,  until,  at  the  depth  of  forty  feet,  it  appeared 
to  be  little  but  sand,  clay,  and  iron,  of  a  bright  red 
colour,  and  in  such  combination  as  to  be  perfectly 
permeable  to  water,  and  consequently  to  the  roots  of 
the  vines.  At  the  depth  of  forty  t«  lifty  feet  water  is 
obtained  freely  by  infiltration,  apparently  from  the  bed 
of  the  river  hepcan,  which  Dowa  at  about  that  level, 
in  a  deep  channel  several  hundred  yards  distance. 
Dorii^  periods  of  heavy  rain  this  stream  swells  so 
much  as  to  overflow  its  banks  in  eertfun  places,  and 
then  forma  rapid  currents  between  the  chain  of  alluvial 
terraces,  such  aa  the  one  described,  and  the  liighcr 
grounds  behind,  rising  to  within  a  few  feet  of  the 
Burface  of  the  former,  and  forming  them  into  a  series 
(A  temporary  islands,  some  of  them  of  f:reat  extent. 

"  The  soil  of  these  terraces  possesses  in  great  perfec- 
tion many  of  the  requisites  for  vine  cultivation  in  a 
hot  climate,  which  ia  also  extremely  uncertain  with 
respect  to  moisture.  During  the  most  rainy  pcrioils  it 
is  never  too  wet ;  nor  after  being  duly  trenclied  docs  it, 
during  the  longest  droughts,  even  close  to  the  surface, 
erer  become  thoroughly  deprived  of  nioistxire. 

"  The  great  depth  and  porous  character  of  the  soil 
rendera  it  permeable  to  the  aurface  water,  however 
tbundjuit,  aud  capable  of  transmitting  it  bock  again 
by  capillary  attraction  to  the  surface  aa  it  becomes 
parched  by  the  great  hcnta  of  summer.  In  less  than 
twenty  yeani,  roots  of  the  vines  were  found  to  have 
penetrated  fifteen  to  twenty  feet — how  much  deeper  is 
not  known.  The  growth  of  the  plants  is  luxuriant, 
more  equal,  one  year  taken  nith  another,  than  on  the 
hill  SMls — tiieir  crops  abundant  and  certain,  were  it 
not  for  the  liability  of  damage  from  hailstones,  from 
froata  late  la  the  spring,  and  rottenness  in  the  fruit 
when  a  series  of  showery  weather  happens  towards  the 
end  of  summer;  the  Inst  two  accidents  being  of  more 
ftoiuent  occurrence  in  low  than  elevated  sitiialions. 

"  About  ten  years  subsequently  to  the  fumintion  of 
the  last-mentioned  vineyard,  another  was  coiimienrod 
in  &  totally  different  site  ami  soil ;  it  occupies  part  of 
the  slope  of  a  hill  of  moderate  elevation,  the  surface  of 
which  has  Iwen  formed  into  terracea,  lo  prevent  damage 
from  washing  during  heavy  rains.  The  soil  ia  a  calca- 
reous loam,  resting!  at  aliout  two  to  four  feet  upon 
shale,  passing  into  soft  calcareous  clayey  sikiidstone,  the 
•oil  itself  being  full  of  fnynuents  of  decomi)osing  rock 
and  of  induralol  marl  or  calcareous  earth.  Although 
very  expensive  to  form  into  vineyards  in  a  suitable 
manner,  this  description  of  land  promises  to  be  pro- 
ductive and  to  yield  wine  of  very  go(Kl  quality.  A 
similar  deacript ion  of  land  exists  in  considerable  quan- 
^ties  throughout  the  older  jwrtion  of  the  aJony," 

No  wines  being  ]>crmiited  for  exhibition,  the  sjieci- 
mens  sent  over  are  not  foimd  in  this  collection. 
Australia  possesses  every  requisite  in  rei^rd  of  her 
natural  caiiabilities  fur  proilucing  wine  and  drietl  fruits, 
not  inferior  to  Si«in  itself.  But  exjvrience  is  as  yet 
wanting.  Tlie  incn'asiiig  importance  of  the  tnllow  and 
Unther  trades  is  imlicated  by  articles  of  that  cla«a  ex- 
hiliited.  Ad  inleresting  ap[iaratus  for  dctrrminin:;  the 
power  of  propellers  is  o:Lhibite(l  amon;^  these  objects. 
— R.  R. 


1  AsxiTAaB  Bbothibs,  SaddertfiaU — Importer* 

and  Manufacturers. 
A  bale  of  scoured  Sydney  ikin-wool,  grown  in  New 
South  Wales,  and  naafaed  by  Almitage  and  Compuiy  of 
Sydney. 

ll     BiDwiLL,  J.  O.,  Qovemment  Commiuioner  of 
Lands,  Zinana,  Wide  Bay,  AiulraKa. 
A  log  of  wood  from  the  interior  of  Wide  Bay  district, 
north-mat  mut  of  Auitralia,  the  Briffgato  of  the  squat* 

tera  (Bricklow of Leichardt'a  Journey), aipedesofArocia, 
probably  undescribed. 

2  Dir,  T.  &  W.,  ;S^4My— Uanu&cturcrt, 
Specimens  of  colonial  timber.     Fair  of  ash  oars  and 

pair  of  paddles,  manufactured  of  colonial  wood. 

2i  Bbibabs,  Jaxes,  Sfdney. 

Two  beef  horns  spiced  and  cured  by  the  exhibitor. 

[The  articles  sent    by    the   tiro   preceding   eibibiton 
were  forwarded  tbrough  Ur.  A  Bogue.] 

3  BufiCniTT,  J.  R.,  16  Edmonton  Cretcenl,  Sdmonton. 
A  desk  aud  a  chcas- board  of  poliahed  wood*. 

4  CiLLiQHjji,  — ,  Crown  Proeeeutor,  Atttvney 

Two  Tolutnea  of  itBtutca,  printed  from  types  made  in 
Sydney,  and  the  books  bound  in  Sydney. 

Cuncn,  J.,  31  Ahclimnk  Lane — In)pot<«r. 
A  set  of  bagpipes,  made  by  Oeorge  Slierrer,  8ydn^. 

DuHBAB,  D.,  Limtkomm. 
Samples  of  wheat  Sour  from  Port  Phillip,  New  South 
WalM.    Agent,  N.  Twecddale. 

Dahoab,  R.  C,  aaiiter  Strtet. 
Preserved  fi-esh  beef  and  mutton,  a  lubatltute  for  salt 
meats,  from  Kewcutle,  near  Sydney. 


LKABMornT,  Thomas,  40  Eoyal  CmcaU, 
Holtitig  ffi//— Importer. 
Herino  wool  from  Port  Phillip. 

U0T1.ET,  TuoxAS,  Ijftdt — Proprietor, 
Wool,  from  Sydney,  New  South  Wale*. 


I         DcnoEOH  A  Co.,  1  Xev  Bank  Smildingt- 

Ores  and  specimens  of  wood  from  Sydney.  Cured  hams. 


d  speeimeni  o< 


I        LBABHorTU,  Thomas,  40  Bofol  Creieeni, 
Kolliitg  Bill. 

Four  Himplcs  of  AustraluiD  sheep's  wool  from  Nnt 
South  Wale*. 

)  Hacabthcb,  Lieut. -ColoDel  B. 

Case  containing  132  specimens  of  Merino  wool,  derived 
from  the  late  Mr.  Motorthur**  original  AoA.  In  IR07 
llie  Aral  importation  into  England  of  ihia  wool  was  24S 
lbs.  In  the  year  lKt8,  it  was  £3,000,000  lbs.  from  New 
South  Woie*  alone  (taluMl  at  more  than  1,200,000/.)  t 
and  from  tlw  whole  of  the  Auslralioi)  ookmiea 
36,000,1X10  lbs. 

ur  vievi  in  New  South  Waleo,  one  beinx  Camden 
(46  mile*  S.  W.  of  Hydnn),  the  original  seat  of  Austia- 
' '  m  ihivp  hiubondiy,  and  now  becoming  celebrated  tea 

I  vineyards. 

[Speeimeni  of  the  wina  produced  at  Iheae  vineyards 

ite  bwn  sent  over  to  England ;  one  of  tlwse  is  a  hog*- 
head  from  the  llril  vincyaid,  made  from  a  grape  imported 
4CS 


990 


NEW  SOUTH  WALES. 


[COLOKIBB 


from  France  called  "  La  Folic,"  mixed  to  the  extent  of 
about  one-third  with  another  sort  from  Madeira,  called 
the  "  Verdeilho,"  the  former  being  very  productive  and 
the  latter  remarkable  for  its  richness  in  the  saccharine 
principle.  In  the  process  of  manufacture  the  grapes  were 
crushed  by  being  passed  through  a  machine  of  simple 
construction,  which  reduces  them  thoroughly  without 
bruising  the  stalks,  and  which,  with  the  appUcation  after- 
wards of  moderate  pressure  to  the  "  rape,"  separates  the 
juice  from  it  with  ease  and  expedition. 

The  wine  was  fermented  in  .large  vats  of  hewn  stone 
containing  from  800  to  1,600  gallons,  in  which  it  remained 
imtil  the  tumiQtuous  fermentation  had  subsided.  It  was 
then  drawn  off  into  large  store  casks,  containing  400 
gallons,  and  suffered  to  continue  the  gentle  stage  of  fer- 
mentation imtil  quite  stilL  Tlie  casks  were  regularly  filled 
up,  at  short  intervals,  as  the  fermenting  Hquid  subsided. 
When  the  process  was  sufficiently  complete  it  was  clari- 
fied with  isinglass. 

Another  is  a  quarter  cask,  from  the  "  White  Muscat  of 
Limelle."  The  grapes  were  suffered  to  acquire  a  very 
advanced  stage  of  maturity,  to  the  extent  of  shrivelling  on 
the  bunches.  To  this  wine,  during  the  tumultuous  fer- 
mentation, was  added  at  different  times  very  pure  brandy 
<jf  home  manufiujture,  previously  filtered  through  char- 
coal to  render  it  quite  flavourless,  in  the  proportion  of  two 
pints  of  pure  alcohol  to  the  hundred  pints  of  wine. 

These  wines  have  a  certain  dryness  and  bitterness  pecu- 
liar to  the  wines  of  New  South  Wales,  to  which  the 
palate  becomes  accustomed :  but  with  age  this  bitterness 
passes  oS.  The  specimens  sent  are  said  to  be  void  of  this 
taste. 

The  wines  at  Camden  are  rarely  fit  for  use  until  three 
years  old,  and  greatly  improved  by  keeping.  They  are 
very  wholesome,  and  are  extensively  used  by  persons  whd 
liave  acquired  a  taste  for  them.] 


15  Moses,  Son,  &  Davis,  14  &  15  Aldgate  Sigh  Street. 
Cask  of  AustraUan  mutton  tallow,  and  another  of  beef 
tallow,  from  the  boiling  establishment  of  Messrs.  Ben- 
jamin and  Moses,  Sydney. 


1 6  Watson,  Young,  k  Co.,  2  Ahchurch  Lane,  City. 
Orchilla  maroon  roans ;  red  roans.     Enamelled  liides, 

enamelled  kangaroo  skins,  patent  kangaroo  skins,  prepared 
by  Thomas  Hall  and  Co. 

17  Bland,  Dr.,  Sydney. 

Model  of  the  exhibitor's  invention  for  extinguishing 
fire  arising  from  spontaneous  combustion  in  ships  laden 
with  wooL 


18  Sheilds,  Francis  W.,  Civil  Engineer. 

1.  Model  of  lattice  bridge  for  colonial  railways  or  works, 
formed  chiefly  of  unsa\%ai  timber,  and  of  original  detailed 
construction. 

2.  Model  of  plate  rail  for  colonial  railways,  with  origi- 
nal arrangement  of  details ;  formed  of  five-eighths  incli 
iron  plate,  laid  on  iron  bark  liardwood. 

3.  Model  of  trestle  frame  for  colonial  railways,  used 
iiiftcad  of  embankments  where  timber  is  plentifiU. 

N.B. — The  above  were  designed  by  the  exhibitor  for 
the  Sydney  Railway  Company. 

4.  Sjieeimens  of  hardwood,  in  common  ui?e  in  New 
South  Wales,  and  suitable  for  the  above  purposes. 


19      The  Australian   Agricultural  Company, 
12  King's  Anns  Yardy  Moorgatc  Street. 
Specimens  of  coals  from  the  Company's  mines  at  New- 
castle, New  South  Wales, 


20  Leon,  Louis,  G5  Hatton  Garden, 

A  block  of  spermaceti,  manufactured   in  New  £ 
Wales  from  the  sperm  whale  of  the  South  Seaa. 


21        MiTCHBLL,  Lieut.-Col.  Sir  T.  L.,  Surveyop- 
G^eral  of  New  South  Wales. 

1.  A  close  cylinder  of  water  for  testing  the  powe 
action  of  propellers,  is  mounted  on  wheela,  whii^  mc 
grooves  cut  in  a  board,  to  which  are  at'iached  bei 
which  support  the  piston-rod,  passing  through  a  tt 
box ;  and  on  which  piston  the  model  propeller  ia  att 
by  a  socket,  and  fixed  by  a  nut  inside. 

The  model  propell^  is  placed  within  the  cylxnc 
imscrewing  the  cap  from  the  collar,  to  which  is  fi' 
leathern  washer ;  so  that  when  screwed  close,  the 
is  water-tight.  The  cylinder  is  to  be  fitted  with  a  fi 
at  the  receiver,  after  the  whole  apparatus  ha«  bee 
justed. 

The  turning  gear  is  to  be  applied  by  inserting  the 
at  the  connecting  socket.  Multiplying  wheels  driri 
propeller,  which,  acting  on  the  water,  causes  the 
cylinder  to  move  backward  or  forward,  with  more  < 
speed,  thereby  proving  the  power  of  the  propeller  < 
water. 

2.  The  Bomaring  propeller  used  with  the  small 
engine  in  Port  Jackson.     Others  of  larger  oonstn 
have  been  sent  to  England  for  trial,  and  may  be 
of  at  Messrs.  D.  Cooper  and  Co.,  3  Copthall  Chai 
City. 

8.  Hope  made  from  the  DoryantheM  exoelta^  witi 
cimens  of  the  leaf  and  of  the  fibre. 

This  root  (a  bulb)  grows  in  great  abundance,  can 
some  wild  lands  near  Sydney.  The  leaves  sent  are 
the  Botanic  Gardens ;  those  from  which  the  ropes 
made  were  6  feet  long.  The  rope  absorbs  tar,  whid 
said  the  New  Zealand  flax  will  not. 

4.  Cone  of  the  Bidwellii  arauccma,  ^  Bunya  ba 
the  native  name.  The  fruit  inside  is  eaten  by  the  n 
near  Moreton  Bay,  in  which  direction  the  tree  is  f 
growing  in  circumference  70  or  80  feet,  and  to  a 
portionate  height. 

5.  New  map  of  New  South  Wales  (not  yet  public 
Original  three-sheet  map  of  the  colony,  engravec 

printed  at  Sydney.     The  engraver  is  deaf  and  duml 
was  taught  map-engraving  in  the  colony  by  the 
piler  of  these  maps. 

6.  School-book,  written,  printed,  and  publishi 
Sydn^. 

7.  Specimens  of  native  copper  and  of  galena,  both 
Canobolas  Moimtains,  New  South  Wales. 


22  Ratneb,  a.  &  G.,  Sydney. 

Two  specimens  of  doeskin  cloth,  20  yards  of  eadL 


23  Websteb,  Captain,  Oovemor  of  Darlinghmni  G 
Hats  made  from  the  loaf  of  the  cabbage-tree,  mai 
tured  by  the  prisoners  in  Darhnghurst  gaol,  excmpl 
the  industry  and  discipline  of  the  prisoners  in  the 
tralian  gaols. 


24 


GiBBS,  Colonel,  Sydney, 


Neats'-foot  oil. 


Morrison,  Mrs.,  Sydney. 

Stockings  and  mits  knitted  from  a  thread  made  t 
opossum  fiu",  by  the  exhibitor. 

[Tlie  articles  sent  by  the  foiu*  preceding  exhibitors 
forwarded  tlu\)ugli  I^fr.  A.  Bogue.j 


at 


Dbpbndenciks.] 


SOUTH  AUSTRALIA 


DOl 


SOUTH  AUSTRALIA, 

South  Abea,  R.  21. 

Australia,  regard  being  had  to  the  vast  size  of  tlie 
country,  and  the  value  which  attaches  to  its  products, 
is  only  inadequately  represented  in  the  Exhibition. 
The  specimens  presented  are,  however,  of  a  very  in- 
teresting and  valuable  description.  The  copper  ores, 
which  have  been  so  productive  of  commercial  pros- 
perity to  the  individuals  concerned  in  their  extraction, 
are  shown  by  an  interesting  selection  from  the  Lyndoch 
Valley  mines,  near  Adelaide,  and  the  Burra  Burra 
mines.  The  extraordinary  results  of  the  latter  under- 
taking are  among  the  occasional  marvels  of  mining 
speculation.  Specimens  of  the  carbonate  and  oxide 
of  copper  and  of  native  copper  are  exhibited.  In 
addition,  attention  requires  to  be  drawn  to  a  recent 
attempt  to  introduce  the  cultivation  of  the  silkworm 
into  this  colony,  and  s|XK;imcus  arc  exhibited.  Some 
agricultural  and  geological  specimens  likewise  deserve 
notice. — R.  E.    

1  South  Australiak  Company,  4  New  Broad  Street, 
SpecimeiiB  of  copper  ores  firom  Kanmantoo  mines : — 
Black  and  yellow  sulphurets.      Green  and  blue  car- 
bonate.   Bed  and  grey  oxido.    Native  copper.  Peacock, 
Pyrites,  &o.    / 

2  The  Babossa  Range  Minino  Compant,  by  Messrs. 

CooDB,  Bbownb,  k  Co.,  10  King'e  Arms  Yard^ 
MoorgeUe  Street, 
Stones  of  copper  ore,  as  raised  from  the  lodes. 
Sulphuret  of  copper,  containing  40  per  cent,  of  pure 
copper,  raised  in  tne  Lyndoch  Yidley,  about  thirty  miles 
from  Adelaide,  South  Australia. 

3  Grahax  &  Hallbtt,  South  Australia — Proprietors. 

The  following  articles  are  from  the  mines  at  Burra 
Burra: — 

1  Bed  oxide  of  copper. 

2  Green  carbonate  of  copper. 

3  Green  carbonate  of  copper. 

4  Bed  oxide  and  carbonate  combined. 
6  Bed  oxide  and  blue  carbonate. 

6  Strata  in  which  the  minerals  occiu*. 

7  Native  copper. 

8  Malachite  and  red  oxide  of  copper. 

9  Fibrous  malachite. 

10  Cabinet  specimens,  arranged. 

11  Views  of  Bum  Burra  mine  and  smelting-honse, 
and  the  township. 

[The  Burra  Burra  mines  present  one  of  the  most 
striking  examples  of  successfid  mining  speculation  with 
which  we  are  acquainted.  From  indications  which  were 
regarded  as  of  a  most  favourable  character,  the  mine  was 
started  on  the  6th  of  September,  1S45,  with  a  capital  of 
12,320/.,  subscribed  by  a  few  merchants  and  traders  at 
Adelaide.  Tlie  following  returns  of  ore  raised  from  the 
oommenoement  of  the  imdertaking  to  September,  1850, 
will  exhibit  the  extraordinary  success  of  this  under- 
taking:— 

Totw.   Cwta. 
September  30, 1846 .    •    •    •    6,359  10 

1847 .  •  •  .  10,794  17 

1848.  .  .  12,791  11 

1849.  .  .  .    7,789  16 
1860.  .  .  .  18,692    9 


» 


n 


n 


M 


Making  a  total  in  5  years  of  .  66,428    8 
of  copper  ore,  varying  in  quahty  from  ore  containing  30  per 
cent,  of  copper  to  much  that  product**  70  per  cent,  of  that 
mctaL   The  money  value  of  this  is  738,106/. 
This  great  mmeral  deposit  exhibits  some  peculiarities. 


Although  the  miners  and  the  proprietors  speak  of  working 
on  lodes,  these  are  of  a  very  different  character  from  the 
copper  lodes  of  the  primary  rocks  of  this  country.  In  a 
great  basin,  formed  in  an  amphitheatre  of  hills,  an  immense 
deposit  of  clay — the  result  of  the  decomposition  of  ths 
clay-slate — has  taken  place;  this,  under  conditions  which 
we  are  not  enabled  to  determine,  became  also  the  rescr%'oir 
for  the  reception  of  copper.  In  all  probability  it  was  first 
deposited  in  the  pure  metallic  state — a  fine  example  of  the 
electrotype  process  of  Nature.  During  tliis  process,  the 
so-called  veins  spread  themselves  through  the  soil  clay  in 
various  directions,  in  precisely  the  same  manner  as  wo 
may,  by  carrying  the  terminal  wires  of  a  voltaic  battery 
into  a  mass  of  clay  saturated  with  sulphate  of  copper, 
form  a  curious  arborescent  mass.  By  the  action  of  tho 
oxygen  contained  in  the  water,  this  copper  Kvomes 
oxidized  by  the  slow  process  which  gives  rise  to  the  very 
beautiful  crystals  of  red  oxide  of  copper,  and  from  this 
state  it  passes  into  the  blue  and  green  carbonates,  under 
the  action  of  carbonic  acid,  the  difierenoc  in  the  colour  of 
the  two  arising  from  the  quantity  of  water  in  combination. 

The  malachites,  which  are  now  very  extensively  cm- 
ployed  for  ornamental  purposes,  are  carbonates  of  copper, 
and  large  quantities  of  the  specimens  selected  from  the 
Burra  Burra  mines  are  sold  for  tliis  purpose. 

Nearly  all  the  copper  ore  raised  at  tlie  South  Australian 
mines,  has  been  hitherto  sent  to  England,  and  smelted  at 
Swansea;  but  there  has  been  recently  a  smelting  esta* 
bUshment  introduced,  which  promises  to  bo  of  groat  ad* 
vantage  to  the  colony. 

The  number  of  people  now  employed  at  the  Burra 
Burra  mines  is  1,003. — R.  II.] 

4  MoSES,  II.  E.  k  M.,  87  TWer  Hill. 

Fine  sample  of  Australian  wheat,  weighing  64  lbs.  ])er 
bushel ;  the  produce  of  Adelaide,  South  Australia.  Vn> 
scrred  fresh  meats,  pn*))anHl  nt  the  Camnpdown  establi-nh- 
mcnts,  Sydney,  New  South  Wales.  Tluy  are  upwards  of 
three  years  old,  have  undergone  a  voyace  of  16,000  miles, 
are  in  a  perfectly  fresh  state,  and  will  keep  so  for  any 
number  of  years.  

5  Hallett,  B.  k  Sons,  Broad  Street^  RatcUffy  London 

— Importer. 
Articles  from  South  Australia  :-^ 
1,  2  Wheat. 
8  Hard  soap. 

4  Olive  oil 

5  Fire  cases,  containing  specimens  of  opal  and  other 
rocks  aUied  to  precious  stones. 

6  Two  samples  of  flour,  and  one  of  barley. 

7  A  dried  bouquet  of  small  native  plants. 

8  Specimens  of  stream  gold,  and  gohl  in  its  matrix. 

9  A  case  of  polisluHl  stones,  the  produce  of  the  colony. 

6  MrRBAT,  Mrs. 

Specimen  of  silk  rai!<ed  by  the  exhibitor,  at  Adelaide,  in 
1H50,  the  produce  of  580  worms  fed  on  white  and  black 
mulberry  leaves. 

7  Grey,  Earl  (forwarded  by). 
Specimens  of  silk  produced  in  South  Australia,  and 

showing  the  capabilities  of  that  countiy  for  the  produc- 
tion of  this  article. 


9  IIeath  k  BrRROW,  6  New  London  Street^  Mark 

Lane^  and  Old  Com  Rxchanffe — Imjiorters. 
Specimens  of  South  Australian  grain. 

10  Joseph,  J.  A.,  7  Blomfield  Creecent^  Ba^nrafer, 

A  block  of  copper  ore,  weigl&ing  about  800  pounds,  and 
containing  about  45  per  cent,  of  copper^  raisc<l  frou) 


SOUTH  AUSTRALIA.— VAN  DIEMEN-S  LAND. 


[Couaxa 


Baier'a  lode,  nt  Tangkmo  Rwdj  Crpok.  Soutli  AuatraKa, 
on  the  ajiecidl  earrej  of  tbe  AuBtmlian  Mioiiig  Company. 

Varieties  of  popper  ores  raiBed  from  thu  Companj'* 
Tnrioua  lode?  of  ons  ;  minerals,  mid  geological  apccimeiui 
Irom  Soutli  AuatraliB,  to  illuatrntc  Hie  surrejed  portion 
of  th«t  colony. 

MiacelLkneaui  Bpecimens  of  minerals. 

[The  Soutli  AuBtmlian  niinoi  haTe  K  poeuliar  int«re»t 
from  tlieir  gcologiDal  and  miniiralogicol  character.  The 
ores  of  copper  are  usually  of  llie  richest  TarietieB,  the  per- 
oxide carbonate*,  greon  and  blue.  Tlie  South  AuBtraliau 
Mining  Company  poesoBB  a  territory  oC  28,000  acrea  j  their 
principal  mining  operatious  are  tbe  TangkiUo,  -where  seren 
lodes  arc  now  being  explored.  Baker'*  lode  ha«  already 
produced  nearly  4,000  tons  of  copper  ore,  giving  from  12 
to  30  per  cimt.  of  pure  copper.  Formerly  all  the  ore  wus 
sent  to  this  country  (obeemolted;  but  smelting  operationi 
are  novr  carried  on  in  South  Australia,  and  the  result  'u 
■very  aatiefaclory  to  the  colon j.^B.  H.] 


VAN    DIEMEN'S    LAND. 

SooTn  Abba,  S.  31. 
The  genera!  churactor  of  the  productions  of  the  Tbb- 
manian  culonj  rcgenibles  that  of  the  otliurs,  and  ia 
principally  retnarkablc  for  the  number  and  interesting 
Jmtnro  of  the  products  contmned  in  the  first  four  Classes 
of  tile  Exhibition,  llie  excejitiona  arc,  however,  more 
nuraerooB  than  in  aome  other  inatances.  Some  in- 
teresting and  attractive  articlea  of  furniture,  formed 
out  of  richly-marked  woods,  are  preacnted  to  notice, 
and  may  prove  inntTumcnta!  in  directing  the  attention 
of  decorative  furniture  unkcrs  to  the  capabilities  of 
tbe  mftl«rialB  for  the  construction  of  furniture  in 
England.  A  fen  specimens  of  textile  mBUufacturea 
are  also  shown,  such  as  a  roll  of  tweed,  timde  of  colonial 
materials.  A  qpnsidemble  number  of  apecimena  of 
fur,  and  of  the  preparation  of  leather,  hiiruai.i,  Ac, 
indicate  that  progress  in  this  im[>ortant  manufacture 
has  been  made  by  the  colonists.  Tbe  possession  of  an 
abundant  supply  of  lAnning  materials  of  the  purest 
kinil,  added  to  the  abundance  and  cbeapncsH  of  live 
Block,  cannot  fail  to  render  this  an  increusingly  im- 
jortant  direction  for  industrial  activity, 

What  will,  however,  receive  moat  attention,  and 
what  is  also  moat  sbunikntly  exhibitod  by  this  colony, 
ia  a  collection  of  specimens  of  woods  applicable  for 
every  purpose  of  art  or  use.  The  musk-wood  of  this 
colony,  as  an  instance,  is  mentioned  as  valuable  for 
oruamentat  purpoaea,  of  a  close  and  line  grain,  and 
■variously  veined  and  dotted.  The  wood  of  the  myrtle 
is  represented  as  of  a  beautiful  vein  and  watered, 
fitting  it  admirably  for  showy  pictu re-frames.  The 
Vine  gum-tree  promises  to  become  a  most  valuable  aub- 
Btitute  for  oak  in  ship-building.  It  reaches  a  rast 
height  in  the  forests  of  this  colony;  two  sectiona  are 
exhibited  which  were  taken  at  a  distance  of  134  feet 
&l!art,  and  a  very  trifling  diflerencc  in  their  diameter 
ojipcars.  The  Huron  pine  is  likewise  avaluable  timber, 
end  a|«cimens  of  it  are  exhibited  as  applied  to  do- 
mestic and  ornamental  puqwscs.  In  aildjtion  to  thcae 
it  is  suggested  as  atFonling  an  excellent  material  for 
organ-pipes,  which  might  bo  bored  mit  of  the  solid 
timber,  and  some  jiipes  are  e:thibitcd.  The  advantages 
claimed  for  them  are,  that  they  yield  a  softer  and  more 
iiiellow  tone  than  pipes  made  of  a  looser  grain.  This 
wood  is  also  extremely  durable,  and  little  iDtiucnccil 
liy  atmospheric  vicissitudes. 

Vegetable  products  of  various  kinds  are  also  ex- 
hibited.   The  agriculture  of  the  oolony  is  represented 


by  various  aiiecimens  of  wheat,  hnrlcy,  flour,  4c. 
gum  resins  of  those  wonderful  liliaceous  tn*i  of 
mania,  the  ^ss-trees,  is  exhibited,  and  suggesti 
a  material  for  the  dyer  and  vamish-maker.  Int 
will  also  be  much  excited  by  the  spedmens  of  wt 
called  the  native  bread  of  Tasmania.  ThisUta  re 
a  large  underground  tniSle,  known  botaniull 
Mylitta  Auslrala.  One  of  the  specimens  wei 
originally  upwards  of  roiirteeu  pounda.  1 1  ia  e^ 
souzht  by  the  natives,  and  not  less  so  by  tbe 
Bupial  animals,  who  devour  it  with  great  prwdi 
It  is  bnlf-roBEted  before  being  used  for  buman  foe 
Tlie  furs  of  those  animals  which  commtmica 
peculiar  a  feature  to  the  zoology  of  Australia  genei 
the  Mumupiatit,  have  been  supplied  in  a  manufac 
and  luunanufactnred  stale.  The  feathers  and  < 
the  sooty  petrel,  with  articlea  of  industrial  valw 
exhibited.  Honey  and  wax  are  likewise  sent ;  ■ 
ia  indicated  that  the  feeding  of  the  industtious  in 
producing  them  can  nowhere  bo  more  8uoc«««fuHy 
ducted  than  in  this  colony.  To  the  naturalist  » 
f  silicized  wood,  found  about  thirly-lwo  ; 


1  lava,  w 


1  appt 


Draisos",  Hia  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

1  Bluegumtiml>erofyanDieroen'iI.«nd(£Wo/ 
^glabulua.)  Squaml  log  £0  fl.  long,  18  iju.  by  L 
Said  to  be  equal  to  osk  Bt  a  ship-building  timber. 
two  sections  cihibited  were  taken  from  one  tiw  at  i 
tance  of  134  ft.  siiart. 

2  Stringy  bark  of  Tan  Diemen's  Lsnd  {Eaeal^ 
nbatla}.      Squared  log  30  ft.  long,  IS  ins.  by  12  iii» 

[Tliifl  ttoD  forms  for  the  mo«t  part  a  \arge  tree 
timber  U,  however,  coarser  than  tbe  IbbI,  and  is  d 
used  for  house  building  and  fencing.] 

3  Blackwood,  or  lightwood,  of  Tasnunia  {A 
melanarjiloit).  Squared  log,  20  ft.  long,  12  ins.  by  I 
A  very  hard  cloac-grained  dark  and  fiili-Ttinfd  ci 
wood,  used  for  foruilure  and  fittings. 

4  9a»sB&BS  of  Tai>inBiiia,  often  eas»afTBi(jrAflV>9 
tnoichal am).    Squared  log,  13  ft.  long,  12  ins.  by  IS 

[Tliii  tree  yields  a  soft,  even,  and  close-gmined  tii 
adapted  for  turning,  and,  probably,  for  tiie  carver. 
largely  used  for  flooring- boards,  the  inside  woA  of  bi 
and  cabin  fittings  in  ships.] 

5  Mjrtloof  Tasmania  (fo^Ht  Chtiiiiii^ilaaHi).  Sq 
log,  13  ft.  long,  12  ius.  by  12  ina.  It  is  hard  and 
grained,  nith  a  lively  red  tint,  streaked  and  mottled 
the  root ;  and  tales  a  One  polish. 

These  timbers  are  abundant  in  the  oolony,  mai 
mostly  be  obtained  of  any  required  aiie. 

Adcock,  Mrs.  W.,  ElUabrlh  Sirrrf,  Eohorl  To* 

C  Two  canifllerfi  of  preserved  meat. 
IIaxiltox,  — ,  Eliiabeli  SIrrei,  Sotart  lixcm- 
Manufacturer. 

?  Hall-cliair  of  blackwood  (Araeia  mrtaaan 
with  arsised  sliield  cut  on  the  back,  kangaroo  anJ 
for  BUppoHers,  aurmoiuitcd  bj  a  rose,  with  lliistle  o' 
side  and  shamrock  on  the  other,  carved  in  relief 
polished. 

8  Small  round  table,  of  Huron  pine  (i>fl(Tiyif(«Bt  ^ 
linii)  with  chess-board  in  the  centre,  and  the  pcile«l 
tbe  some.  Tbe  chequers  are  slIeniBlely  of  pUin  li 
pine,  and  wood  of  the  she-oak  of  Tasniaaia  (Cun 
quadrivalri/),  with  a  border  of  blsekwood,  suroi 
by  a  narrow  string  of  myrtle,  the  whole  being  eru 
with  a  band  of  figured  pine. 

PiKKSos,  — ,  Cabinet-maker. 

•j  Pier  table  or  ellil^l>md^^e,  uf  polialicd  bUrk 
Exhibited  to  show  the  dark  tints  and  veining  ol 
wood,  and  the  polish  of  which  it  is  (usoeptible. 


Dependencies.] 


VAN  DIEMEN'S  LAND. 


903 


Fbaseb,  a.,  Coachmaker,  Collins  Street,  Hohart 
Town — Manufacturer. 

10  A  pair  of  carriage  wheels.  The  nayes  of  the  wheels 
are  of  blackwood,  the  spokes  and  felloes  of  blue  ^um ; 
for  these  purposes,  the  two  kinds  of  timber  haye  been  found 
well  adapted. 

BsETXS,  J.  G.,  Elizabeth  and  Macquarie  Streets^ 

Hobart  Town, 

11  Case  of  leather,  viz. : — 

Hides  of  black  and  brown  harness  leather.    Kip.    Kip 
waxed  on  the  grain,  and  black-grained  kip. 
Kangaroo-skins,  grained,  brown,  and  waxed. 
Calf-skins,  waxed  and  brown. 
Black  baxils. 

Pair  racks,  cordovan  horse  hide. 
Sole  leather. 

[These  skins  and  hides  are  of  Tasmanian  production,  and 

hare  been  tanned  and  dressed  at  the  establishment  of  the 

exhibitor.] 

Chahpiok,  — ,  Hohart  Town, 

12  Table  ofmuskwood,£iiry6faar7opAjr^  of  Tasmania. 
Round  tumoTer  table,  with  brasswork  and  springs  of 

Tasmanian  manufacture.    Exhibited  for  the  beauty  of  the 
wood. 

DoroLAS  RiTBB  Coal  CoxpAirr. 

IS  Coal,  two  bushels. 

[This  coal  is  exhibited  as  a  sample  of  the  strong  bitu- 
minous coal  occurring  on  the  east  coast  of  Tan  Diemen*s 
Land,  and  traceable  over  a  large  area  of  country,  in  seams 
Taiying  in  thickness  from  a  few  inches  to  ten  feet  and 
upwards.] 

Bbown,  John,  Cabinetmaker,  LoMneetUm, 

14  Sideboard  of  blackwood  of  Tasmania. 

[The  timber  of  the  Acacia  melanortflon  is  considered  to 
be  more  deeply  veined  and  tinted  on  the  northern  than 
on  the  southern  side  of  the  colony.  It  is  called  blackwood 
in  Launceston  and  lightwood  in  Hobart  Town.] 

15  Top  of  star  loo  table.  Composed  of  alternate- 
pointed  sections  of  figured  Huron  pme  and  blackwood, 
veneered  on  cedar,  and  meeting  in  the  centre;  with  finished 
pedestal. 

16  Lady's  table  of  muskwood. 

Stbahjln,  R.,  JBontUngton. 

17  Bot  of  salt :  two  sorts — coarse,  for  pickling ;  and 
table,  or  basket  salt.  A  sample  from  which  the  magnwrian 
Baits  are  said  to  be  thoroughly  separated. 

MiTBRAT,  W.,  Liverpool  Street,  Hobart  Town, 

18  Box  of  starch :  the  box  nuMle  of  Huron  pine,  figured. 
There  are  now  several  starch  manufactories  in  Uobwt 
Town. 

Dixon,  JAifSfl,  SkelUm  CaHle,  laii, 

19  Flax,  dressed  in  1850  by  the  exhibitor,  who  is  en- 
deavouring to  establish  the  cultivation  of  flax  in  Tasmania. 

20  Box  of  dried  apples. 

[Generally,  more  fruits  are  dried  in  the  northern  than 
the  southern  side  of  Van  Diemen's  Land ;  but  the  last 
two  summers  have  been  un£»vourable,  from  the  imusually 
"low  temperature.] 

Button,  Thomas,  Lamncestom, 

21  Samples  of  glue. 

22  Concentrated  solution  of  Mimosa  bark,  extracted 
by  cold  water. 

[This  solution  u  employed  for  tanning  leather;  it  is 
considered  in  a  great  measure  free  from  colouring  matter, 
and  from  the  principles  which  give  a  dark,  uneven  cha- 
racter to  leather,  rendering  it  brittle,  and  dqireciating 
its  value  in  the  English  market.] 

23  Mimosa  bark,  ground.  Bark  of  Acacia  molitnma^ 
or  black  wa^e,  said  to  be  the  best  for  tanning. 


Denison,  His  Excellency  Sir  William  Thomas, 

Norfolk  Island, 

24  Box  of  tobacco  in  leaf. 

25  Box  of  arrow-root.  ' 

26  Box  of  maize. 

27  Cayenne  pepper. 

28 — 35.  Wheats :  —  Farmer^s  friend,  wliite  velvet, 
James's  Essex,  Golden  drop,  white  Kent,  mother  of 
plenty,  velvet,  and  white  Lammas. 

Mabshall,  G.,  Noble  Farm,  Pittwixter, 

36  Wheat,  bag  marked  G. 

37  Oats,  bag  marked  G. 

Denison,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

38  Wheat  (Chidham). 

MiLLiOAN,  Joseph,  Oyster  Cove, 

39  Sassafras  bark  of  Tasmania  (Atherosperma  mos* 
chatum).    Used  medicinally  as  a  bitter  and  a  stomachic. 

Mfbbat,  W.,  Liverpool  Street,  Hobart  Town, 

40  Mould  candles. 

M*NArOHTEN,  A. 

41  Cask  of  velvet  wheat. 

LiPSCOMBE,  F. 

42  Cask  of  white  Lanmias  wheat. 

M*Nauohtbn,  a. 
48  Cask  of  white  wheat. 

Walker,  John,  Barrack  Street^  Hobart  Town. 
44  Cask  of  white  wheat.     Cask  made  of  silver  wattle^ 
¥rith  hoops  of  young  wattle. 

Bbown  a  Co.,  New  Wharf, 
46  White  wheat,  in  a  cask  of  Huron  pine,  hooped  with 
black  wattle  (Acacia  mollissima), 

46  White  wheat,  in  a  cask  made  of  black  wood,  with 
hoops  of  black  wattle. 

Tooth,  E.,  Bagdad, 

47  Cask  of  malt. 

Pattebson,  — ,  Liverpool  Street,  Hobart  Town, 

48  Cask  of  small  malt.  Cask  made  of  silver  wattle, 
wattle  hoops. 

Walkeb,  J.,  Barrack  Street,  Hobart  Town, 

49  Pearl  barley.  Cask  made  of  silver  wattle,  with  wattle 
hoops. 

Clayton,  H.,  Norfblk  Plmns. 

50  Flour.  Cask  made  of  silver  wattle,  with  wattle  hoops. 

Walkeb,  J.,  Barrack  Street,  Hobart  Town. 
61  Fine  flour.    Cask  made  of  silver  wattle^  with  hoops 
of  young  black  wattle. 

M^Nauohten,  — . 

52  Superfine  flour  of  Van  Diemen*s  Land. 

Milligan,  a.  M.,  Lamnceston, 

53  Small  cask  of  biscuit,  manufactured  of  Tasmanian 
flour. 

Bbock,  — ,  Macquarie  Street,  Hobart  Town, 

54  Common  seamen's  biscuit*. 

55  Ship  biscuits,  fine. 

Denison,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

56 — 65  Muskwood  (Emnibia  argoph^UaJ,  smoothed 
and  polished  on  one  side  to  snow  the  gram. 

[The  muskwood  of  Tasmania  is  valuable  for  the  porposet 
of  the  cabinet-maker,  being  variously  veined,  dotted,  and 
marked  upon  a  brown-ground  colour.  It  is  close  and  fine 
in  the  grain,  takes  a  high  polish,  and  harmonises  well  with 
the  gilding  on  picture-frames,  into  which  it  is  often  worked 
up.  The  musk-tree  grows  only  in  dense  forests  and  damp 
situations  ;  and  though  it  does  not  attain  the  sixe  of  a 
forest  twH?  in  Van  Dicmen's  Land,  it  yet  yields  sUbs  large 
enough  for  ordinary  ornamental  work.  The  finest  fancy 
wood  is  of  course  obtained  from  parts  OMur  the  root,  and 
from  knotty  gnaried  butts  of  trees.] 


994 


VAN  DIEMEN'S  LAND. 


[CoLomE; 


66  Slab  of  myrtle  {Foffug  Cunninghamii)^  of  Van 
J)iemen*8  Land. 

[This  myrtle  often  composes  dense  forests  of  many 
miles,  and  indiyidual  trees  in  such  situations,  attain 
a  girth  of  from  80  to  40  feet,  with  a  proportionate 
height.  The  wood  is  of  a  fresh  pink  colour  when  newly 
cut,  and  is  often  very  beautifully  yeined  and  watered, 
which  fits  it  for  showy  picture-frames,  and  similar  cabinet- 
work.] 

67 — 70  Cedar  {AihrotaxU 8elag%nMes\ or -geacr^^me^ 
of  Tasmania,  Marlborough,  and  Lake  Country. 

[The  pencil  pine  found  in  the  ravines  and  gorges  of  the 
mountain,  and  the  high  table-land  of  the  colony,  in 
groups,  or  singly  ;  sometimes  in  the  forests,  and  not  un- 
frequently  in  iMune,  imsightly  groves ;  of  dead,  dry,  and 
bleached  stems,  with  a  few  Ifu^  limbs  attached,  at  the 
height  of  from  3,000  to  4,000  feet  above  the  level  of  the 
sea.] 

71,  72  Sections,  with  bark. 

73  Celery-topped  pine  (PhjfUocUidiu  (uplenifblia)  of 
Tasmania. 

[This  pine  attains  a  height  of  150  feet,  and  grows 
in  all  the  cold  and  moist  parts  of  Van  Piemen's 
Land,  in  a  handsome  pyramidal  form.  The  young  trees 
are  sometimes  used  as  spars  for  rigging  vessels,  but  they 
are  too  heavy ;  the  timber  ib  veiy  wliite  and  close-grained, 
and  useful  for  household  purposes.] 

74,  75,  and  76.  Section,  with  bark,  20  inches  long,  12 
inches  in  diameter.  The  same,  i  foot,  and  12  inches  in 
diameter.  Rosewood,  or  zebra  wood,  of  Tasmania,  said 
|o  be  plentiful  about  Marlborough  and  Lake  Country. 

77  Muskwood  log,  from  Tasman's  Penisnula. 

Smith,  C.  T. 

78  Hops,  Tasmanian. 

MiLUGAK,  J.,  MountWelUngton,  and  Con- 
HUutien  Sill, 

79  Hones  for  edged  tools. 

Denisox,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

80  A  drip-stone,  from  Norfolk  Island.  Filters  made 
of  this  rock,  which  appears  to  be  a  raised  beach  of  cal- 
careous grit,  are  in  general  use  in  the  colony,  and  much 
approved. 

MiLLiaAK,  J.,  Flinders^  Island^  in  Bass's  Straits. 

81  Gum:  gum  resin  of  the  grass  tree  (Xanthotrhaa 
australis), 

[This  gum  resin,  or  balsam,  is  highly  inflammable,  yield- 
ing, on  combustion,  a  clear  white  flame  and  rich  fragrant 
odour,  and  is  said  to  be  used  in  churches  in  place  of 
frankincense ;  it  dyes  caUco  a  nankin  colour ;  enters  into 
the  composition  of  some  sealing-wax,  and  may  become  the 
basis  of  a  varnish.  Very  abundant  on  many  of  the  meagre 
soils  of  clay  and  sand  in  Flinder's  Island  and  the  neigh- 
bouring islands  and  continent.] 

Fowi-EB,  — ,  Maria  Island, 
82 — 85  Dogwood  slabs  {Bedfordia). 
86,  87  Muskwood  slabs  {Eurybia  argophylld). 

88  He-oajc. 

89  Ironwood,  or  lAgnum  vita  of  Tasmania.  (Notelcea 
ligustrina.) 

RoBTysoN,  — ,  Westhury, 

90  A  gun-stock  of  blackwood.  Roughly  cut  into  form, 
and  polished  on  one  side  to  show  the  grain  of  the  wood. 

"Whitesides,  — ,  Hohart  Town. 

91  Blackwood  of  Tasmania.  A  tliin  piece,  polished 
on  one  side. 

92  Myrtle  wood. 

93  Muskwood. 


QuDW,  — ,  Argyll  Street,  Hohart  Town, 

94  Blue  giun  of  Van  Diemen*s  Land  (Euca 
globulus),  A  piece  taken  near  the  root,  squazw 
polbhed  on  two  sides,  to  show  the  grain. 

QuiNir,  — ,  NoffoUc  Island. 

95  Maple.    Small  piece  of  veneer,  polisbied. 

M*Nauohtek,  — ,  Hohart  Town. 

96—102  Muskwood  of  Van  Diemen's  Land  (£ 
argophyUa). 

Hadden,  Capt.  R.  £. 

108,  104  Muskwood  of  Van  Diemen*8  Land. 

EusToy  &  MiLLiGAK,  Mocquorie  Horbomr, 
105,   106    Ironwood,  or   Lignum  vila   of  Tm 
Cross  section  of  the  trunk  of  the  tree. 

[This  tree  rarely  attains  a  diameter  of  more  than 
14  inches.  The  density  and  hardness  of  this  wood 
as  to  have  led  to  its  application  in  making  shea 
ships*  blocks.] 

Bbownsigo,  — . 
107, 108  Muskwood  slabs. 

BtTBGESB,  Mrs.,  Davey  Street,  Hohart  Thum 

109  Worsted  work,  representing  a  branch  frtnn 
gum  tree  in  flower,  with  four  birds  of  Tasmania  p 
on  the  twigs.  The  branch,  leaves,  and  flowers  of  tl 
giun  {JEucalyptus  globulus)  are  represented.  The 
are  a  red-breast,  a  small  honey-sucker,  a  pardalot 
the  blue-headed  wren.  The  frames  of  this  and  tb 
are  of  the  timber  of  the  myrtle-tree  of  Van  Di 
Land,  made  by  Mr.  Pearson,  of  Hobart  Town. 

110  Worsted  work,  representing  a  group  of  indi| 
flowers  of  Tasmania.  In  the  centre  is  the  warrata 
lopea  truncata)  ;  immediately  over  it  is  a  bead 
grass-tree  of  Mount  Wellington  in  flower  {Bichea  di 
phylla)  ;  then  in  order  come  Acacia  verticUlafOy  J 
diera  longijlora,  Aoacia  armata  (an  exotic)  BiA 
Acacia  mollissima,  Acacia  vermciflua,  Casuarina  q 
valvisy  Bomaderrisy  Boronia  variabilis^  TeircUkee 
PuUenea,  sp.,  and  Solanum  laeiniaium. 

Hood,  R.  V.,  Liverpool  Street,  Hobart  Town 

111  Timber  of  silver  wattle  (Acacia  dealbata) 
one  side  polished. 

112,  113  Muskwood  slabs. 

114,  115  Blackwood  slabs,  squared  {Acacia  < 
oxylon). 

116  Cross  section  of  small  tree  of  Huron  pine,  wi 
comer  smoothed  and  polished. 

117  Huron  pine  slab  (Dacrydlum  FrankUnii),  sq 
and  polished  on  two  sides. 

118  Muskwood  slab,  {Eurybia  argopJu/ll^i),  m 
and  polished,  to  show  the  grain  and  character  of  thi 
for  ornamental  purposes. 

119  MjTtle  slab  {Fagus  Cunninghamii),  fit>m  tb 

120  Myrtle  slab,  from  the  stem  of  the  tree. 

Denison,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

121  Rosewood,  Acacia  sp.,  of  Van   Diemen*s 
Foimd  in  the  Lake  Countrv  near  Marlborouch. 

122,  123  Rosewood  of  Van  Diemen*s  Land. 

124  Celery  pine  slab  {PhyllocladMs  asplenii 
squared. 

125  Rosewood. 

Hood,  R.  V. 

126  Huron  pine  picture  frame,  with  gilt  moulding 
gold  leaf  made  by  Mr.  Hood. 

127  Muskwood  picture  frame. 

Marriott,  Tlio  Venerable  Archdeacon. 

128  Muskwood  picture  frame. 

Hood,  R.  V.  Hobart  Toum. 

129  Myrllewood  picture  frame. 

Wiseman,  — ,  Hobart  Toum. 

130  Wliip,  for  tandem  or  four  horses.  Tliong  of  c< 
leather,  and  the  stick  a  yoxmg  sassafras  of  Tasmania 


VAN  DIElCEira  LAND. 


133  stock- hunter'*  tatdAh,  coidpIpI^.    llnuufachmid  of 
colonial  cow-bidp,  prepared  in  Uolxirt  Toiid. 
131  8lock-bimtvr>  brnwlplnlv. 

Bdttok,  Tros.,  LatiturHon. 
13a  DrcHcd  buigaroo  •kiiia. 

Dc(l»ON,  Hu  EiceUenc;  Sir  W.  T. 

136  Roll  of  Tweed.  Colonial  nutE4^rial,  manuiBcturod 
bj  t  he  iiiinale*  of  Ciwcad^*  mtabliahnu^t. 

137  UuiLof  jam. 

GrpEBi^cret'Dm  of  Qitekti'h  Osfiuh  Scnoou. 

138  \Coolkii  glore*,  hnitleiL  Manufiictured  bj  Ilia 
children  in  the  Queen'e  Oqihiin  Schools. 

139  Woolk-u  tacit,  kniltcd. 
JW  Tlie  Htnc,  unbl«ch«l. 
141  WooUi-D  slorkin^  koilled. 
lis  Shawli,  knitted. 

B«B!I«1U),  J. 

143  Swanadown,  two  ilciDi. 

CLBBnufS,  B,,  Miarag  Slrtel,  Hobart  Toma. 

144  Sunple*  of  soap. 

LrxaDSS,  — ,  Brubane  Street,  Hoiart  Totcn. 

145  Loo-table  top,  of  Huron  pbo. 

146  Pedatal  for  the  laBle. 

WiTCUOBH,  W.,  Lirrrpool  Street,  Hobart  Tomt. 

147  Ciuk  of  tnlbv.  TliR  citiibitor  claims  to  have  b«ni 
Uie  first  to  Di|>ort  tallow  to  England  &om  the  colonj. 

DsNtSoK,  Iliii  Eicelk-ncj  Sir  W.  T, 

149  Loo-lable  top,  dogwood  (Bedjbntia  tp.). 

[Tbo  dog-wood,  or  Sr^ordia  Ireo,  ii  one  of  the  moat 
beauliful  fiuicj  wooda  of  Van  Diemcn'a  Land.  It  allaini 
to  a  larger  Bii«  on  Maria  laland  than  elHwhen].  In  the 
vicintlf  of  Hobart  Town  it  i*  a  mere  ihrub.] 

160  Fcdmlal  for  Ihe  nine. 

li>l  Top  of  a  aola-tablf^  inlaid  with  eh(iu-board  in  Iho 
middle. 

Rorr,  W. 

11)2  Portmanteao.    Hade  of  colonial  leather. 
GrTcif,  W.,  LaKnettltm, 

1G3  Fmllien  of  mutton- birdii,  or  not;  petrel  (Tttfflmu 
hrfTicavdU), 

[Tlkcw  Ibathcn  arc  much  u.iod  for  pillow*,  bulitcra,  and 
IDoItreuu,  anil,  when  properlj  prepared,  anmer  the  pur- 
pose weU.  Owing  tolhcniunbvnorihiibinl  wliii'hmoTi 
to  the  iiland*  in  Baas's  Stnulu,  and  tlie  profiuiiin  of 
feather*  with  which  it  ia  clothed,  thia  articto  aaa  bo 
obtained  in  abundance.] 

BoTTT,  W.,  ElaabeH  SIrffI,  Uoba/t  IWa. 

154  A  small  rope  line. 

155  Hmall  line*,  three  sitM. 

156  Uvot  small  ropo,  three  size*. 

157  Cable-laidlimv,  thnvilM*. 

158  Comnioo  lines,  two  siie*. 

MiMnALL,  — ,  Bobarl  Tvr*. 

159  Riding-whip,  common.    Made  onlirelf  of  ixikmial 

IfiU  Two whip-tlionf!! — oncforgis,andoni<farbunling- 
wbip.    Hade  of  liortr-hiile,  drr»«l  in  Hobart  Town. 
OAEont,  PaiLtP,  Laaumtoa. 

IGl  Wool,  two  flfweSi  JjMttUrr  improved. 

[The  prodiioc  of  •hn-p  ini|iarlrd  front  the  bnt  Boeki  in 
England  in  1837,  is  eihibitrcl  to  ihuw  the  improvfment  in 
the  soflona  and  silk;  appmranra  of  llie  flooce,  whieh  are 
■ttribulcd  to  tbe  natun  of  the  clinisl«.  j 


HjkT,  — ,  Hobart  Tom. 
163  Olue. 

163  Oil,  from  neals'feet. 
1G4  Oil,  from  she>qi's  trotters. 
Hoop.  B.  V. 

165  Gold  leaf.     Unnnfoct  ured  from  Colifomian   gold, 
brought  to  Taamania  bj  colonial  trading  twsvI*. 
I(i6  aold-bMl«»'  skiu. 

M'Kesiif,  Mrs..  fl(«  HilU,  BMtrrn. 

167  Kiiiit«J  gloTea,  mode  from  opoMum  fur. 
SulOLm,  Mr*.,  Eillymoon,  Braak-o'-dag. 

168  Oluvtn,  made  from  opossum  fur. 

Tooiu.  K. 

169  QloTcs,  made  from  oiwuuin  fur. 

M'EssztE,  Mrs.,  BoUnedt. 

170  Lad;**  capo  of  opossum  fur. 

Tooth,  E. 

171  QloTea,  made  from  lambs'  wooL 
■nos,  Tuoa.,  ZoawMfo*. 


17a 


Borr,  W. 

173  Bmshea,  ouo  set  of  four, 

LirfiCOVEi,  F. 

174  Flax,  dreaced. 

BoiBu:*!),  W. 

1 75  Carria^nui.  Made  of  skin*  of  the  black  oposnun, 
lined  with  skuu  of  the  natirc  cat. 

Denibon,  Uii  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

176  Bugs  of  Tsrioui  furs.  Mode  of  skins  of  Iho  bnuh> 
kangaroo  {llalmatunu  Bmiiellii),  forest  kangaroo  (Ma- 
eropiM  tnajor),  black  opoasum  {Pkaiangitta  Jtiligiiuiiai, 
natire  cat  (Ztefydnu  vierrriiita),  liger-cnl  (Z>.  maciLlat»if, 
well  pnwrvcd,  eihibilMl  as  ipecinuin*  of  great  raritj  and 

8njlKUKT>,  Mrs.,  Qeorgr  Tom. 

177  Book  of  iirw«cd  alga?,  collected  bj  the  eihibitor. 

DaTTU,  Teu.  Archdeacon. 
17S  Rugofskin*  of  black  opossum^i'jla/iii^wfiiy^fi^ 

179  Rugof  tanned  skins  of  bnuh-kangaioo. 

MnxioiK,  J. 

180  Carpcnlei's  bench-screw. 

181  Three  pail*  of  shoe-lasl*. 

Valbstit'i,  Dr.,  CaBtpbtUtta*. 

182  Thrveorgan-piiies  of  Uuron  pine^  bored  in  the  solid 
piece,  with  stops,  dc. 

[Two  of  Ihne  are  bored  in  *olid  pine,  and  are  found 
to  jicld  a  softer  and  more  mellow  tone  than  Ihoae  made  of 
woods  not  ao  hard  in  the  grain.  It  i*  ranaidrml  that 
lliv  tubr,  boing  free  from  jointa  and  glue,  and  mad«  of 
tery  dmbki  wood,  when  propcHj  Hsaoocd,  will  be 
Ulllr  influnnced  b;  atmospheric  change*.  The  small  pipe 
has  a  slojijier,  which  being  mnored,  an  octare  aboro  wiU 
be  jnoduird.  The  stopped  pipe  i*  ngarded  aa  a  norclt;  j 
it  give*  a  *ei7  soft  note,  wcU  adapted  for  1betrrbh>  half  of 
Iha  stop-diapofon  of  a  ehambev^Mgan.  The  third  ia  nhi- 
bited  to  show  how  an  open  pipe  of  the  usual  cunatruclion 
may  be  tuned  by  means  of  a  stopper,  without  injur;  l« 

iu.i«.] 

WiU),  C,  Collit  Slrtel.  Jloburl  Tomt. 

183  Stockman's  ankle-boots,  ofcolonud  material. 
BtaiV,  — ,  LirerpiiDt  StrrH,  Hobart  Tbara. 

l&t  Nioe  dressed  kanguoo  skioi,  tanned  with  wattla 
bark. 

HitRpn,  — ,  Zaaacerfo*. 
185  FiFpattd  gnials. 

WAW),a 

ISC  Blocking  for  akoo. 


996 


VAN  DIEMEN'S  LAND. 


[CoLoin 


BOTTT,  W. 

187  Tanned  skin  with  the  hair  on  of  the  Thylacinu9 
cyanocephalus.  The  hysena,  or  tiger  of  the  colonists, 
which  has  become  very  scarce. 

[The  Thylacine  or  "  pouched  hy»na"  of  the  Tasmanian 
lX)lonist8  is  the  largest  and  most  formidable  of  the  car- 
niTorous  species  of  that  peculiar  order  of  quadrupeds 
{Mar8upialia)f  which  are  almost  exclusively  confined  to 
Australia  and  Tan  Diemen's  Land.  The  Thylacine  is 
peculiar  to  Tan  Diemen's  Land,  and,  as  its  ravages 
amongst  the  flocks  of  the  settlers  are  as  destructive  as 
those  of  the  wolf  in  other  countries,  it  is  hunted  down 
with  great  perseverance,  and  will  probably  be  the  first  of 
existing  quadrupeds  which  will  be  extirpated. — R.  O.] 
Denibon,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

188  Six  tanned  skins  of  the  Omithofynchus  paradoxus. 
The  platypus  of  the  colonists.  The  fine  fur  under  the 
coat  of  long  hairs  upon  its  back  is  said  to  be  equal  to  the 
fur  of  beaver  for  hat-making. 

[The  Omithorhynchus  is  peculiar  to  Australia  and 
Tasmania,  and  combines  with  the  hair  and  fur  of  a  mam- 
malian  quadruped,  the  webbed  feet  and  the  beak  of  the 
duck,  whilst  the  male  has  spurs  on  the  hind  legs  like  a 
cock.  In  its  internal  anatomy  the  Ormthorhynchus  ofiers 
many  marks  of  resemblance  to  both  birds  and  reptiles, 
and  forms  the  nearest  link  in  the  mammalian  series  to 
the  oviparous  classes. — R.  O.] 

Smith,  M.  C.  T. 

189  Sample  of  fine  wooL 

Dunk,  — ,  Davey  Street, 

190  Mylitta  AustraUs,  a  native  bread  obtained  on  the 
Snug  Estate,  North  West  Bay,  D*Entrocasteaux  Channel 

[The  native  bread  of  Tasmania,  which  grows  under 
ground,  like  the  truffle  in  England,  and,  like  it,  has  a  pecu- 
liar smell.  It  is  edible,  having  formed,  in  a  half-roasted 
state,  a  portion  of  the  diet  of  the  aborigines,  and  has  been 
successfully  tried  in  soup  and  in  puddings  by  Eiuropeans. 
This  specimen  is  unusually  large,  having  weighed  14,|  lbs. 
in  1846,  at  present  it  weighs  10{g  lbs.] 

LowKS,  T.  Y. 

191  Mylitta  AustraUs^  obtained  at  GHenorchy  17  years 
ago. 

M'NAUOHTEy,  — . 

192  Writiilg-desk,  of  muskwood,  inlaid  with  pine,  black- 
wood,  she-oak,  and  myrtle. 

193  Dressing-case,  or  work-box,  of  the  same  materials. 

MiLLiGAN,  J.,  Argyll  Street^  Hohart  Town, 

194  Necklaces  of  shells,  as  worn  by  the  aborigines  of 
Tasmania. 

[The  shell  composing  these  necklaces  seems  to  be  closely 
aUied  to  the  Phasianella,  It  is  very  abundant  in  the 
various  bays  and  sinuosities  of  the  island.  It  possesses 
a  nacreous  brilliant  lustre,  which  is  disclosed  by  the  removal 
of  the  cuticle,  and  this  the  aborigines  effect  by  soaking 
in  vinegar,  and  using  friction.  Tarioiis  tints,  black,  blue, 
and  green,  are  afterwards  given  by  boUing  with  tea,  char- 
coal, &c.] 

Waxkeb,  Abm.,  Norfolk  Plains. 

195  Plumbago  (black  lead). 

[This  specimen  was  fomid  in  a  scam  or  vein  about 
5  inches  thick,  traversing  scliistose  clay,  overlying  an  old 
quartzosc  and  crystalline  limestone,  in  a  shaft  where  lodes 
of  lead  and  copper  are  expected  to  be  realised.] 

IloLWEOA>',  — ,  Collins  Street^  Hohart  Town. 

196  Book,  in  one  volume,  printed  and  publisheil  in  Van 
Dicnien'e  Land,  bound  in  colonial  calf,  gilt  and  lettered 
with  gold  leaf  manufactured  in  Ilobart  Town  from  Cah- 
fomian  gold. 


MiLLiGAN,  J.,  Argyll  Street^  Hohart  Tbm 

197  "  Tasmanian  Journal,"  three  volumes,  prin 
published  in  Yan  Diemen's  Land. 

Ain>ESSOir,  — ,  Liverpool  Street^  Hohart  Tm 

198  Set  of  ladies*  tortoiseshell  combs. 

Beown,  FiELOiNa,  — ,  Hohart  TVim. 

199  Candlestick,  turned,  of  ironwood,  from 
Island  {Olea  apetala).      The  tops  are  turned  fi 
root  of  the  Norfolk  Island  pine  {Araucaria  excels 

MnjJGAif,  J.,  Argyll  Street^  Hohart  Tomm 

200  Snuff'-box,  turned  of  ironwood  {Olea  apela 

201  Snuff-box,  of  muskwood  of  Tawmania  (Emt 
gophyllum). 

202  Snuff'-box,  of  Huron  pine. 

208  Globular  snuff'-box,  turned  out  of  the  tootl 
sperm  whale. 

204  Ladies'  thread-holder,  turned. 

205  Ladies'  pufi*-box,  turned. 

206  6k>blet,  turned. 

Moses,  S.  Liverpool  Street,  Hohart  Tovm, 
210^  Jaw  of  a  sperm  whale,  with  forty-eight  tee( 
plete. 

[The  sperm  whale  Physeter  macrocephalus.  Thi 
differs  from  the  great  whalebone  whales,  in  havin 
of  large  teeth  in  the  lower  jaw,  and  a  few  small  oi 
oealed  in  the  gum  of  the  upper  jaw ;  the  spem 
contained  in  a  large  cavity  on  the  outside  of  the  aki 
the  cranium. — B.  O.] 

HiTLL,  Hugh. 

208  Half  section  of  the  trunk  of  the  Toloaa 
Pitiosporum  bicolor).     This  \h  the  wood  of  wl 
aborigines  chiefly  made  their  waddies  or  dubs. 

M'Naughtek,  — . 

209  Muskwood  slab. 

Freeman,  Bev.  E.,  Bronm^e  Pirer. 
210,  211  Yeneer,  of  the  oak  of  Tasmania  (G 
quadrivalvis.) 

212  Piece  of  a  knot  of  myrtle-tree  of  Tasmania 

213  Yeneer  of  he-oak  of  Tasmania  {Casuarima 

214  Two  veneers,  of  native  cherry-tree  of  T 
{Exocarpus  cupressiformis). 

215,  216  Yenccrs  of  Tasmania  honejsuct 
(Banksia  Aust rolls). 

Denisox,  His  Excellency  Sir  TY.  T. 

220,  221  Half  sections  of  a  limb  of  honeysuckle 
222,  223  Half  sections  of  a  small  she-oak  tree. 

MlLLIOAN,  J. 

221  Section  of  a  small  stem  of  Richea  pandamif 
tained  at  Macquarie  Harbour.    Specimen,  alieed, 
and  French-polished,  to  show  the  pith,   medulL 
and  beautiful  markings  of  the  wood. 

[This  plant  grows  like  a  pahn,  and  attains  the  ] 

thirty  to  forty  feet  and  ten  inches  diameter ;    it 

fined  to  the  dense  wet  forests  on  the  weetem  aid 

island.] 

Smith,  Philip,  Poss  Reserve, 

222  Small  bale  of  wool. 

MiLLIGAN,  J. 

223  SjMJcimcn  of  pink  wood  (Carpodouios  luc 
tained  at  Macquarie  Harbour. 

[Tliis  tree  attains  an  elevation  varying  from 

150  feet  in  height,  with  a  good  clear  barrel,  an 

chiefly  on  tlie  western  side  of  tlic  island  in  dene^ 

forests.     The  timber,  whicli  is  fine-grained  and  \€ 

has  been  used  for  making  sheaves  for  ships'  block 

Peck,  Geouge. 

221,  225,  226  Cribbagc  boards,  veneered  on  ] 
laid,  &c. 


Depkxdexcies.] 


VAN  DIEMEN'S  LAND. 


997 


MHJJGAN,  J. 

227  Butter-print  of  Huron  pine  {Microccharyg  Utra- 
soma). 

Moses,  Chakfiov,  &  Co. 

228  Eight  iToiy  teeth  of  the  sperm  whale. 

DsKisoN,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

229  Maple  of  Norfolk  Island,  a  square  specimen. 

Mlllioan,  J. 

230  Seren  baskets,  made  by  the  aborigines  of  Tas- 
mania. 

231  Model  of  a  water-pitcher,  made  by  the  aborigines 
of  Van  Diemen's  Land. 

[This  water-pitcher  is  made  of  the  broad-leayed  kelp, 
and  is  large  enough  to  hold  a  quart  or  two  of  water. 
The  only  other  Teasel  possessed  by  the  aborigines  for 
carrying  a  supply  of  water  was  a  sea-shell,  a  large  cymba, 
occasionally  cast  upon  the  northern  shore  of  Van  Diemen*s 
Land,  which  contained  about  a  quart.] 

Stbutt,  William,  Bath  Street. 

232  Marble,  from  Maria  Island,  partially  dressed. 

BOTD,  J. 

238  Marble,  from  Maria  Island,  out  and  dressed  as 
paper  weights. 

TiBBS,  — ,  Ooulhoum  Street^  Hohart  Town, 

234  Specimens  of  crockery-ware,  made  from  the  clay 
found  in  the  domain. 

Kbrmodx,  B.  Q.,  Mona  Vale. 

235  Small  bale  of  wool — exhibited  as  a  fine  sample. 

j£VNi>'OS,  J.  D.,  Liverpool  Street. 

236  Chum,  made  of  Huron  pine  (Microceharys  tetra- 
gona). 

Moses,  S. 

237  Bundle  of  whalebone ;  an  important  article  of 
export. 

Smith,  Lieutenant,  B.N. 

238  Raspberry  and  currant  jam. 

239  Ghreen  gooseberry  jam. 

240  Bed  gooseberry  jam.     241  Quince  jam. 

Boat,  W. 

242  Bundle  of  curled  horse-hair. 

Stmoxiis,  E. 

243  Com  riddle,  coarse. 

244  Barley  riddle,  coarse.     246  Com  sieve,  fine. 

246  Fire-screen,  for  chair-back ;  made  of  willow,  grown, 
dressed,  and  dyed  in  Van  Diemen's  Land. 

247  Bottle  basket,  fiat.    248  Bundle  of  willow  rods. 
2-19  Fishing  basket. 

250  Three  double-handled  baskets. 

251  Book  basket.    252  Knife  basket. 

253  Child's  basket,  round. 

MiLLIOAlf,  J. 

254  Gum  of  Acacia  (MucrafuUa) ;  a  shrubby  tree  on 
Flinders'  Island,  Bass's  Straits. 

255  Quano,  firom  Babel  Island. 

256  Specimen  of  grey  granite,  from  Flinders*  Island. 

257  Granite,  from  the  east  coast  of  Van  Diemen*8 
Land. 

258  Granite,  from  the  Hampshire  Hills. 

259  Porphyritic  CTwiito,  from  Webb's  Harbour. 

260  Limestone,  from  Fingal  and  Break-o'-day. 

261,  262  Limestone,  with  galena,  from  Norfolk  Pkdns. 

263  Brown-clay  iron  ore,  found  near  FingaL 

264  Clay  iron-stone.  Found  in  beds,  alternating  with 
bituminous  ooal,  near  the  Douglas  Rircr,  on  the  east 
ooast  of  Tan  Piemen's  Land. 

265  Reddle — red  ochre  or  red  chalk.  It  occurs  in  masses 
of  uniform  and  determinate  shape,  imbedded  in  allurium 
of  loam  and  earth. 

266  Ore  of  iron,  from  the  Hampsliire  Hills.  It  is 
nearly  pure  iron;  seems  crystalline;  and  is  highly  magnetic, 


with  polarity.     It  occurs  in  masses,  at  the  line  of  contact 
between  granite  and  basalt. 

267  Ore  of  iron. 

[This  ore  is  found  in  nodules  with  quarts,  in  granite 
soil,  near  the  Housetop  Mountain,  north-west  of  Tan 
Piemen's  Laud;  formerly  used  by  the  aborigines  as  a 
paint,  being  first  peroxidized  by  roasting,  and  then  re- 
duced to  a  fine  powder  by  grinding  between  two  stones.] 

268  Ore  of  manganese,  from  the  yicinity  of  the  French- 
man's-cap  Mountam. 

Penison,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T.,  TatmaiCM 

Peninsula. 

269  Two  cross  sections  of  the  barrel  of  the  blue  gum 
tree. 

270  Limestone,  from  Maria  Island. 

Flboo,  B.  C. 

271  Wellington  boots,  of  kangaroo  skin,  dressed  in 
Hobart  Town. 

Pkxisok,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

272  Specimen  of  calcareous  grit,  from  Norfolk  Island. 

MiLLIOAN,  J. 

273  Cake  of  bees'-wax,  of  Tasmania. 

Symoxds,  E. 

274  Key  basket. 

275  Hound  basket,  open.     276  Long  basket. 

277  Straw  hat,  from  Norfolk  Island. 

278  Hoop  for  a  siere,  made  of  Huron  pine. 

MiLLIOAK,  J. 

279  Four  models  of  canoes  of  the  aborigines  of  Tan 
Piemen's  Land. 

[These  are  exact  models  of  the  large  catamarans,  in 
which  the  natives  used  to  cross  to  Brune  Island:  the 
material  is  bark  of  tlie  Melaleuca  fquarroMa.'] 

Cox,  F. 

280  Case  of  Tasmanian  insects. 

BOXNBY,  — . 

281  Case  of  Tasmanian  birds. 

Guyy,  W.,  k  MiLLiOAN,  A.  M.,  LaunceHon. 

282  Oil  of  the  mutton-bird,  or  sooty-petrd  (Piffflnut 
hrericaudis). 

[This  is  an  oil  of  a  deep-red  colour,  and  is  obtained  by 
pressure  from  the  stomach  of  the  young  bird.  It  is  said 
to  possess  Tirtuo  as  a  hniment  in  rheumatism,  and  it  bums 
with  a  dear  bright  hght.  The  sooty-petrel  frequents 
certain  low  sandy  islands  in  Bass's  Straits,  in  rast 
numbers  during  the  summer,  burrowing  to  lay  its  solitary 
egg,  and  literally  undermining  the  ground.] 

Brown  &  Co. 

283  Oil  of  the  southern  black  whale. 

284  Oil  of  the  sperm  wliale.     285  Oil  of  the  black  fish. 

LowBS,  T.  Y. 

286  OU  of  the  shark. 

Penisox,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

287  Blood  juice,  obtained  from  a  tree  in  Norfolk  Island, 
which  makes  an  indehble  marking-ink,  and  is  said  to  be 
used  as  a  dye  for  calicoes,  &c 

MiLLiGAX,  J.,  &  Hull,  H. 

288  Gum  kino,  from  the  blue  gum-tree,  the  stringy  bark, 
and  other  Eucalypti. 

[Tliis  kino  is  said  to  be  equal,  as  a  medicinal  agent,  to 
the  kino  from  the  East  Indies,  and  is  yielded  rery  pro- 
fusely by  the  Eucalypti^  after  incision  or  injury.] 

Bo»2frr,  — . 

289  Manna. 

[This  s]Kvimen  is  an  exudation  from  the  leayes  and  de- 
licate succulent  twigs  of  the  white  gum-trees  {Eucalyptus 


998 


VAN  DIEMEN^S  LAND. 


[Ck)LOKIXS  A 


I 
I 
I 


I 


mannifera)  of  Van  Diemen*s  Land,  after  their  perforation 
bj  an  insect  in  the  summer.  It  soon  exsiccates,  and 
falls  in  the  form  of  irregular  tears  j  and  during  December, 
January,  February,  and  March  is  usually  very  abundant. 
Its  properties  are  similar  to,  but  less  powerful  than  those 
of  the  manna  of  the  druggist.] 

Abbott,  Johk. 

290  Iron-sand,  a  fine  emery-like  substance,  which 
occurs  in  thin  layers  on  the  sea-shore  at  Long  Bay  in 
D'Entrecasteaux  Channel,  being  a  deposit  from  water 
passing  through  iron-stone  beds,  percolating  the  soil,  and 
depositing  the  metallic  matter  where  it  comes  in  contact 
with  the  salt  water. 

Bout,  W. 

291  Honey  of  Tasmania.  Two  bottles,  one  of  1849, 
and  one  of  1850. 

MlLLIGAN,  J. 

292  Ilesin  of  Oyster  Bay  pine  {CalUtris  AustraUs), 

[This  is  a  Tory  white  resin,  found  sometimes,  but  rarely, 
in  tears  of  a  bright  amber  tint,  and  scarce.  The  Oyster 
Bay  pine  is  only  found  along  a  narrow  strip  of  country 
near  the  sea,  on  the  east  coast  of  Van  Diemen*s  Land, 
and  islands  adjacent.] 

Roft,  W. 

293  Bees*  Wax,  Tasmanian.    Three  cakes,  unbleached. 

pji  no  country,  it  is  supposed,  do  bees  thrive  better 
than  in  Van  Diemen*s  Land,  or  prove  so  productive  with 
little  attention  ;  this  is  attributed  to  the  mildness  of  the 
winter  season,  and  the  fact  that  many  Tasmanian  plants 
bloom  throughout  the  winter  months.  The  bee  has  now 
become  naturalised  in  the  forests,  and  many  of  the  hollow 
trees  are  filled  with  the  produce  of  their  labour.] 

BiCHENO,  J.  E. 

294  Alum,  found  near  Bridgewater.  It  occurs  as  an 
efflorescence  in  caverns  in  the  clayey  rocks. 

Smith,  Lieut.,  R.N. 

295  Epsom  salts  (sulphate  of  magnesia) ;  found  in 
caverns  on  the  side  of  the  Dromedary  Mountain,  near  the 
Derwent. 

296  Gimi  of  the  wattle-tree  {Acacia  mollissima  and 
Dealbita), 

[Wattle  gum  exudes  in  streams  during  the  summer 
season  from  fissures  and  accidental  injuries  to  the  bark, 
and  soon  hardens  into  tears  and  limips  of  various  sizes. 
It  is  equal  to  the  gimi-arabic  of  the  shops,  and  used  for 
the  same  purposes.] 

LiPSOOMBE,  F. 

297  Ham,  cured  by  Mr.  Marshall. 

Haines,  J.,  Murra^f  Street^  Hohart  Town, 
Pickles : — 

298  Red  cabbage.    299  Walnuts.    300  Cauliflower. 
301  Onion.  302  Mixed.        303  Tomata  sauce. 

Denison,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

304  Walking-stick,  made  of  the  solid  side  of  the  bone 
of  a  whale,  with  round  head,  turned  out  of  the  tooth  of 
the  sperm  whale. 

Screen,  T. 

305  Walking-stick,  made  of  the  solid  side  of  the  bone 
of  a  whale,  with  head  turned,  and  cut  to  resemble  a  man- 
rope  knot. 

MiLLIOAN,  J. 

306  Iron  ores,  from  Long  Bay. 

[These  ores  occur  in  a  bed  about  7  or  8  feet  tliick, 
above  sandstone,  and  at  the  foot  of  green-stone  hills.] 

Marriott,  Ven.  Arch. 

307  Walking-stick  of  the  oak  of  Tasmania  {Casuarina 
guadnvalvif). 


\ 


Lipscomb,  F. 

308  Small  round  table,  of  Huron  pine,  inlaid. 

De  Little,  R. 

309  Gtdena,  from  the  Tama  River. 

310  Iron  ore ;  Uiree  specimens,  found  near  Yovk  Bii 
above  limestone. 

MlLLIGAN,  J. 

311  Gkdena,  from  Macquarie  Harbour.  It  ooc^trs  i 
vein  of  mountain  limestone,  in  the  channd  of  Fran] 
River. 

Denison,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

312  Cofibe,  from  Norfolk  Island. 

MiLLIOAN,  J. 

313  Wood  opal,  from  Salt-pan  Plains. 

[It  occurs  in  fragments  of  varioua  sizes,  scattered  o 
the  sur&ce  of  the  soil,  above  greenstone  and  sandstone 

Rebs, — 

314  Wattle  bark,  chopped,  as  it  ia  prepared  £>r  the  t 
pits. 

MiLLiaAK,  — 

315  Rock  crystal  (sp.  25). 

[This  mineral  is  found  in  angular  piecea  in  the  pc 
soil  above  granite,  and  in  rolled  pieces  on  the  sea-coasi 
Cape  Barrow  and  Flinders'  Island  in  Bass's  Straita.] 

MiLLIOAN,  J. 

316  Beryl  (Aquamarine)  ;  30  specimens,  varying  fi 
soft  to  very  hard,  and  from  blue  to  light  green,  in  ctrw 
and  fragments  more  or  less  rounded  and  rougfaenej, 
having  a  brilliant  lustre  on  the  fracture. 

317  Topaz,  straw  coloured ;  300  specimens  from  ¥ 
ders'  Island,  Bass*s  Straits,  in  crystals  and  fragme 
more  or  less  worn,  but  preserving  a  high  polish  aiui  gi 
transparency  ;  hard  enough  to  cut  glass. 

318  Topaz,  yellow ;  40  specimens,  from  the  same  locd 
The  crystals  exhibit  more  or  less  perfectly  their  nati 
faces  and  angles,  and  possess,  with  a  brilliant  lustre^  i 
considerable  depth  of  tint. 

319  Topaz,  pink-coloured  ;  30  specimens. 

Kemp,  George. 

320  Cornelian  from  the  margin  of  Derwent,  oppo 
Hobart  Town. 

Sharland,  W.  S. 

321  Thread  lace,  two  kinds,  made  by  a  girl  eleven  y 
of  age,  at  New  Norfolk. 

Reeves,  — . 

322  Wool.     Sample  of  skin-wooL 

323  Sample  of  skin- wool,  scoiuned. 

MiLLIOAN,  J. 

324  Jot,  or  lignite,  from  Macquarie  Harbour.  In 
cliffs,  imbedded  with  this,  is  found  a  fossil  rain,  <^  a  < 
amber  colour  and  agreeable  perfume. 

325  Limestone,  from  the  Gordon  Hiver,  where 
formation  is  traceable  nearly  50  miles. 

BiCHENO,  J.  E. 

326  Limestone  from  the  Mersey  River,  obtained  jam 
Western  Marshes,  at  a  place  noted  for  extensive  car* 
between  Hobart  To\^ti  and  Bridge\^'ater. 

327  Limestone  from  the  foot  of  the  Mount  Wellinj 
range. 

Akees,  Lieut.  R.E. 

328  Section  of  Norfolk  Island  pine  {Aramearia 
celsa). 

Sly,  J.,  Liverpool  Street,  Hohart  Toum^ 

329  Pair  of  dress  boots ;  the  legs,  fix)nts,  linings, 
straps  of  kangaroo-skin  manufactured  ;  and  the  s 
insoles,  &c.,  of  biillock-liidc  tanned  in  Van  Dien 
Land. 

Fenton,  Mrs. 

330  Honey  of  1850. 


/ 


Defexdekcies.] 


VAN  DIEMEN'S  LA 


mi. 


999 


DOWLDTO,  H. 

331—333  The  <' Tasmania  Calendar"  ibr  1B48, 1849, 
and  for  1850. 

DEiasoK,  His  Excellency  Sir  W.  T. 

334  Potash  from  Tasmanian  timbers,  26  lbs. ;  the 
result  of  experiments  bj  the  late  Captain  Stanley,  viz., 
Blackwood,  6i  lbs< ;  wattle,  6  lbs. ;  the  oak,  9  lbs. ; 
peppermint,  2i  lbs. ;  gum  (blue),  2i  lbs. 

335  Bed  ochre,  resulting  from  the  decomposition  of 
jasperous  ore  of  ircm. 

336  Yellow  ochre. 

337  Specimens  of  marie. 

338  White  oak  timber  (Laffunea  vel  HibUcus  Patter- 
somii). 

839  Specimens  of  the  timber  of  pine  {Araucaria  ex- 
eeha). 

340  Specimens  of  iron-wood  timber  (Olea  apetcUa), 
•aid  to  be  the  most  durable. 

All  from  Norfolk  Island. 

MiLLIOAN,  J. 

341  Specimen  of  timber  of  Oyster  Bay  pine  {CallUrU 
AuHralU), 

[This  timber  is  used  for  agricultural  implements  and 
for  fittings  of  houses ;  it  is  only  to  be  met  with  along 
the  coast  of  the  colony.] 

842  Specimen  of  greenstone,  from  Fingal;  central 
Tertical  section. 

[This  is  exhibited  as  a  sample  of  the  prevailing  OTerlying 
rock  of  Van  Diemen's  Land,  of  which  all  the  roads  are 
xnade,  and  some  houses  and  bridges  are  built.] 

BULCKBITRK  &  ThOMSOV. 

843  Model  of  the  bridge  across  the  river  Derwent,  at 
Bridgewater,  Tan  Piemen's  Land,  on  the  line  of  road 
between  Hobart  Town  and  Launceston. 

[The  model  is  constructed  of  Huron  pine,  and  is  upon 
%  scale  of  a  quarter  of  an  inch  to  a  foot.  Erected  by  the 
exhibitors  from  their  own  design.  The  model  was  executed 
by  W.  Armstrong,  under.the  direction  of  W.  P.  Kay,  Esq., 
Director  of  Public  Works  in  Van  Piemen's  Land. 
The  length  of  this  bridge  is  960  ft.,  the  breadth  of  the 
roadway  is  24  ft.,  and  it  is  raised  9  ft.  above  the  highest 
high-water  leveL  The  bridge  is  raised  upon  piles,  the 
total  number  of  which  is  363  ;  the  piles  measure  from  65 
to  90  feet  each  in  length,  and  are  driven  through  mud 
and  soft  clay,  the  former  5  to  15  ft.  in  depth,  the  latter 
not  ascertained.  Continuous  with  the  southern  end  of  the 
bridge  there  is  a  soUd  causeway,  extending  to  2,350  ft.  in 
length,  with  a  breadth  of  70  ft.  The  whole  length  of 
bridge  and  causeway  is  3,331  ft.  The  work  was  begun  in 
1833,  by  Colonel,  now  the  Bight  Hon.  Sir  Oeorge  Arthur, 
and  completed  in  1849,  under  the  government  of  his 
Excellency  Sir  W.  T.  Penison,  at  an  entire  cost  of 
upwards  of  50,000/.  The  navigation  of  the  river  has 
been  secured  by  the  construction  of  a  moveable  platform, 
or  rolling  bridge,  at  the  third  bay  from  the  northern 
shore,  35  ft.  in  the  clear.  The  longitudinal  beams,  upon 
which  rests  the  platform  or  roadway  of  the  moveable  or 
rolling  portion  of  the  bridge,  are  shod  with  iron,  and 
travel  upon  large  flanged  wheels,  fixed  upon  a  pier  prepared 
for  the  purpose,  and  the  mode  of  moving  this  rolling  part 
is  by  powerful  crab- winches,  working  on  toothed  rails  fixed 
on  the  framing  under  the  bridge,  worked  by  men  standing 
on  the  moving  part  and  moving  with  it.  The  lateral  plat- 
forms  are  also  moved  in  and  out  by  crab-winches  fixed 
on  the  framing  below.] 

Tuoxsoir,  Jaicss. 

844  Coloured  sectional  elevation  of  the  bridge  and 
causeway  at  Bridgewater,  Van  Piemen's  Land. 


COTTNCIL  OP  THE  BOTAL  SOCIETY  OP  VaK 

Piemen's  Land. 

345  Books  and  bookbinding ;  papers  and  proceedings 
of  the  Boyal  Society  of  Tan  Piemen's  Land,  voliune  the 
1st.     Printed  by  Messrs.  Best,  and  bound  by  Mr.  Bolwe- 

Sn,  Collins  Street,  Hobart  Town.  The  litho^phs  by 
r.  Thomas  Brown,  Macquarie  Street.  Bound  m  colonial 
calf-skins,  tanned  and  dressed  by  Mr.  Beeves.  Gilt  and 
lettered  with  gold  leaf,  manufactured  from  Califomian 
gold,  by  Mr.  B.  V.  Hood,  Collins  Street,  Hobart  Town. 

Watson,  John,  Hobart  Town. 

346  Plank  of  blue  gum  {Euealyptue  fflohulue)  ;  length, 
146  ft.,  breadth,  20  in.,  depth,  6  m. 

[The  various  species  of  Eucatyptme  attain  generally  a 
great  size  both  in  girth  and  length  in  sheltered  situations, 
where  the  forest  is  thick,  where  there  is  no  grass,  and 
where  injury  has  never  or  very  rarely  been  sustained 
from  bush-£bres.  Blue  gum  has  been  measured  upwards 
of  90  feet  round  near  Tolosa,  on  the  northern  aspect  of 
Mount  Wellington  range,  and  on  the  southern  side, 
according  to  the  Bev.  T.  J.  Ewing,  one  of  the  species  haa 
been  measured  102  ft.  at  3  or  4  ft.  from  the  ground. 
Another  Eucalyptus,  called  stringy  bark,  exists  near  the 
Cam  Biver,  on  the  north  coast,  measuring  64  ft^  of  solid 
timber  at  4  ft.  from  the  ground ;  the  tree,  having  some- 
what the  form  of  a  four-sided  column  with  its  angles 
bevelled,  is  200  ft.  to  the  first  limb,  where  it  is  estimated 
to  be  more  than  4  ft.  in  diameter,  giving  the  enormous 
cubic  measurement  in  the  trunk  alone  of  more  than  1,000 
tons  of  timber.] 

Grant,  James,  Esq.,  Tullochgorum,  Fingal. 

347  Three  ram  fleeces  : — 

(1)  Fleece  from  a  hogget  ram,  weighing,  after  being 
scoured,  3  lb.  10  oz. 

i2)  Similar  fleece,  weighing  3  lb.  11  os. 
3)  Fleece  from  an  older  ram,  weighing  4  lb. 

BiCHARDSON  Bbothebs  &  Co.,  17  St,  Helen* M  Place. 

Specimens  of  two  sorts  of  wooL 

McLachlan,  — . 

348  Specimens  of  silicized  wood  from  Tan  Piemen's 
Land. 

[This  magnificent  tree  was  discovered  on  the  estate  of 
Bichard  Barker,  Esq.,  of  Macquarie  Plains,  Van  Piemen's 
Land,  32  miles  from  the  City  of  Hobart  Town,  in  the 
district  of  New  Norfolk ;  it  was  12  ft.  high,  and  imbedded 
in  lava,  and  distinctly  surrounded  by  two  flows  of  scoria, 
which  at  some  distant  day  had  brought  out  the  juices  of 
the  tree  to  its  surface,  and  became  by  a  combination  of 
silex,  completely  vitrified,  and  surrounded  the  tree  with  a 
glossy  surface,  the  interior  of  the  tree  producing  opal 
wood.  On  a  minute  examination  of  the  wood  by  Ih*. 
Hooker,  when  hero  in  the  **  Erebus,"  it  has  been  dis« 
covered  to  be  a  species  of  tree  not  growing  in  the 
neighbourhood,  and  appears  to  be  of  the  pine  or  coni- 
ferous species.  It  is  conjectured  it  was  ori^naUy  tliruwn 
up  by  an  eruption  of  a  volcano  to  a  considerable  height, 
and  came  down  with  its  heavy  end  first  upon  a  bod  of  sand, 
and  had  tliere  remained  for  ages.  In  describing  the  tree  he 
says  : — "  The  manner  in  which  the  outer  layers  of  wood, 
when  exposed  by  the  removal  of  the  bark,  separate  into 
the  ultimate  fibres  of  which  it  is  com{x>sed,  forming  an 
amianthus'like  mass  on  the  ventricle  of  the  stump  in  one 
place,  and  covering  the  ground  with  a  white  powder 
commonly  called  native  pounce,  is  very  curious."  It  is 
10  ft.  high,  and  when  first  discovered,  3  ft.  6  ins.  diameter, 
and  has  been  excavated  at  very  considermble  expense  and 
labour,  and  was  in  a  perfectly  perpendicular  position  on 
the  point  of  a  ridge  of  rocks.] 


1000 


VAN  DIEMEN'S  LAND.— NEW  ZEALAND. 


[Ooijos 


■ 


I 


Incb,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  Chelsea, — Proprietor. 

349  A  list  of  Australian  birds,  belonging  to  the  late 
John  Matthew  Robert  Ince,  Esq.,  commander  of  H.M.S. 
"  Pilot,"  and  collected  during  the  surveying  serrioe  of 
H.M.S.  "  Fly." 

1.  Ptilonorhynchus  holoserioeus ;  male.  2.  Carpo- 
phaga  magnifica.  3.  Ptilonorynchus  holoserioeus ;  fe- 
male. 4.  Nettapus  pulchellus  ;  male.  5.  Nettapus  pul- 
chellus;  female.  6.  Pitta  strepitans.  7.  Nymphicus 
NoTse  Holland ifp.  8.  Pezoporus  formosus.  9.  Alcyone 
Diemenensis.  10.  Merops  omatus.  11.  Chalcophaps 
chrysochlora.  12.  Trichoglossus  porphyrocephalus.  13. 
Aprosmictus  scapulatus.  14.  Mehphaga  longirostris. 
15.  Malurus  LambertL  16.  Alcyone  pulchra.  17.  Apros- 
mictus erithropterus.  18.  Petroica  multicolor.  19.  Falco 
frontatus.  20.  Glyciphila  fasciata.  21.  Chrysocoocyx 
lucidus.  22.  Ptiloris  paradiseus.  23.  Pachycephala  me- 
lanura.  24.  Myzomela  erythrocephala.  25.  Zosterops 
chloronotus.  26.  Dicrurus  bractcatus.  27.  Platycercus 
Brownii.  28.  G^pelia  humeralis.  29.  Euphema  pul- 
chella.  30.  Ptiloris  paradiscus;  female.  31.  Halcyon 
Macleayi.  32.  Trichloglossus  Swainsonii.  33.  Sericulus 
chrysocephalus  ;  female.  34.  Piezorhynchus  nitidus. 
85.  Ptilmopus  Swainsonii.  36.  Malurus  cyaneus.  37. 
Sericulus  chrysocephalus ;  male.  38.  Trichoglossus  ver- 
sicolor. 39.  Melopsittacus  imdulatus.  40.  Estrelda  bella. 
41.  Nymphicus  Nova)  HoUandise  ;  male.  42.  Malurus 
Brownii, 

.  [These  specimens  illustrate  the  ornithology  of  Van 
Diemen's  Land,  as  well  as  that  of  the  Ghreat  Main  of  New 
Holland.  The  plumage  of  the  Chrysocoocyx  lucidus  (21), 
and  the  varieties  of  "  Alcyone,"  are  especially  beautiful, 
and  admirably  preserved.] 


MThebson  Aim  Fbanois,  Hohart  Town,     (Agent, 
W.  Francis,  Com  Exchange,  London. 

350  Sample  of  wheat,  the   growth  of  Van  Diemen*s 
Land,  weighing  65^  lbs.  per  imperial  busheL 


NEW    ZEALAND. 

South  Abea,  Q.  Airto  R.  32. 

A  VALUABLE  and  tolerably-  extensive  collection  of 
native  and  other  proilucts  has  been  forwarded  from 
this  distant  dependency  of  Great  Britain.  Among  the 
raw  materials  are  specimens  illustrative  of  the  geology 
of  certain  districts.  Among  these  is  some  copper  ore 
from  a  small  island,  distant  a  few  miles  from  Auck- 
land. To  this  ore  the  attention  of  the  miner  has 
already  been  directed,  and  a  Company  has  l)een  formed 
for  its  extraction.  Other  specimens  from  mines  dif- 
ferently situated  are  also  sent,  and  appear  to  indicate 
that  extensive  supplies  may  in  a  short  time  Ix)  obtained 
from  this  interesting  country.  Some  bUwks  of  lignite 
and  Waikato  coal  represent  some  of  the  stores  of  mineral 
fuel  ix)ssessed  by  tlic  country.  Sulphur  and  manga- 
nese have  also  Ixjcn  forwarded.  Tlie  abundant  store 
of  iron  contained  in  the  iron-sand  of  CoojH^r's  Bay, 
Auckland,  has  at  length  been  made  available  for  the 
manufacturer ;  and  the  first  casting  at  Auckland 
Foundry  in  December  1850,  has  l)een  sent  for  exhibition. 
The  vegetable  province  is  also  represented  by  some 
good  specimens,  such  as  those  of  Phonniiun  tenajr,  or 
New  Zealand  flax,  bark,  dyes.  Kauri  gum,  orchella, 
timl)ers,  malt,  and  hops.  The  manufactures  are  few 
and  simple,  consisting  only  of  coarse  cloth,  basket- 
work,  leather,  and  some  native  curiosities.  The  fol- 
lowing statistical  facts  relative  to  this  country  luive 
been  prei)arcd  by  Captain  Collinson  : — 


Statlstics  of  New  Zkalakd,  1850. 


1.  Population. 

British. 

In  ChiefTowna— 

Auckland    . 

4,000 

\Vellington . 

4,000 

New  Plymouth    . 

1,000 

Nelson 

2,000 

Otago 

1,000 

Bemainder 

8,000 

Total  British   . 

20,000 

Total  Natives  . 

80,000 

Total  British  and  Natnree     100,000 

2.   EXTEKT, 

Belonging  to  British. 

SqnanMa 
Arable  land  ....  10,000 
Pasture  land  ....  20,000 
Bemainder :  foreet,  mountain,  &c.   20,000 


50,000 

Total,  123,000  square  miles,  or  about  the  die  < 

Britain. 

3.  Productions. 

Wheat,  maize,  and  similar  grain;  sheep,  cal< 
and  other  live  stock  ;  flax,  pine  timber,  copper, 
iron,  and  coal — by  British  colonists  and  uatiTes, 

4.  ExFOBTS  AND  Imports,  1848. 

Imports/rom 
Great  Britain  (manufactures)    .    £5,2000 
British  Colonies  (stock  and  raw 

produce)        ....     170,000 
Foreign  Countries     .        .        .        3,000 


'xports  of  Wool,  Oily  Flax, 
To  Great  Britain 
To  British  Colonies  . 
To  Foreign  Countries 

£225,O0C 

Copper y  TVfiK 

.    £16,000 

.       22,000 

5,000 

£43,00C 
5.   ShTPPINO.  No.  of  Ship.. 

To  and  from  Great  Britain     .         9  per  m 
„  British  Colonies        90 

„  Foreign  Countries     40 

Small  coasting  vessels     .         .     200 

6.  Revenue  and  Expenditure,  1848. 

Revenue. 
From  tlie  Colony       .        .        .    £17,000 
Aid  from  British  Parliament     .       51,00( 


Expenditure, 
Officers  of  Government,  Ac. 
PubUc  Works,  &c.     . 


£98,00( 
£62,0a 

ai,oo< 

£96,00( 


Flax  and  wool. 


Tykbel,  — . 


2       MUBCniSON,  J.  II.,  10  HoNes  Street,  Caven 

Square — Proprietor. 
Copper  ore  from  Kawan,  a  small  island  a  i 
from  Auckland,  New  Zealand. 


3 


CoLLTNSON,  Rev.  John,  Gateshead — Propri 
Greological  specimens  from  New  Zealand. 
Specimen  of  iron-sand  from  New  Plymouth, 
Small  bag  made  from  New  Zealand  flax,  by  a 
Flax  prepared  by  the  natives  ;  niitive  pattern  a 
Mat  of  New  Zealand  flax  ;  made  by  the  nativi 


Dependekcies.] 


NEW  ZEALAND. 


1001 


4  ROBBRTBOV,  J. 

Specimens  of  Phormium  tenax^  or  New  Zealand  flax. 

1  Coaraest  flax.  2  Owee  beet  cordage  flax.  3  DreMcd 
Owee  flax.  4  Tihore.  5  Dressed  Tihore.  6  Flax  dressed 
bj  Europeans.     7  Flax  in  the  leaf. 

Specimens  of  rope  and  wool-lashing. 

Coil  4-inch  warp,  tarred.  Shark  line.  Hand  lead-line. 
Coil  4-inch  tarred  shroud-rope.  Coil  3-inch  tarred  rope. 
Coil  2J-inch  rope,  tarred.  Coil  ratthn,  tarred,  l^-inch. 
Coil  wool-lathing.  Fishing  line,  Harbuka.  Coils  white  rope. 

[New  Zealand  flax  is  obtained  from  the  leaves  of  the 
plant  botanically  termed  Phormium  tenax.  It  is  indi- 
genous, and  flourishes  in  marshy  places.  There  are 
sereral  varieties  ;  the  coarse  is  not  much  esteemed  in  this 
country,  but  the  finer  kinds  are  of  great  beauty  and 
Talue  for  textile  purposes. — E.  E.] 

5  McVay,  J. 
Specimens  of  leather  and  skins. 

Kip  leather.  Crop  leather.  Half-dozen  sheep  skins. 
One  good  sheep  skin  (not  tanned). 

Specimens  of  barks  :  Towai,  tanning  bark.  Tanekaha, 
tanning  bark.     Hinau,  black  dyeing  bark. 

6  Smith,  J.  A*> 
Specimen  of  soap,  manufactured  in  Auckland. 

7  St.  JoHN'ti  College,  New  Zealand. 

1  Spechnens  of  cloth  and  hat.  Manufactured  by 
a  native  lad,  aged  17  years,  from  wool  grown,  cleansed, 
carded,  spuu^  and  woven,  at  St.  John's  College,  and  dyed 
with  native  woods. 

2  Hat  manufactured  by  Nicholas  Cod,  pensioner, 
Ho  wick,  Now  Z(*aland. 

Specimens  of  basket  work  : — 

1  Basket,  manufactured  of  Mange  Mange,  which  is 
esteemed  by  the  natives  for  its  durability.  Their  eel 
baskets,  made  of  this,  last  for  a  yory  long  period. 

2,  3  Baskets  made  of  supple-jack,  obtainable  in  the 
New  Zealand  forests  from  the  eighth  of  an  inch  to  a  foot 
Id  diameter.    By  J.  Meagher,  pensioner.  Ho  wick. 

8  Hjlboreates,  J. 

Specimen  of  lignite,  obtained  firom  the  banks  of  the 
Tamaki,  in  the  vicinity  of  Auckland. 

9  Oreexwood,  W. 

Specimens  of  coal,  showing  the  strata  of  the  exhibitor's 
cool  mine  at  Matakana,  13  nules  north  from  Auckland. 

10  CoNXELL,  W.  {aa  Secretary  of  the  Auckland  and 

Waikato  Coal  Company.) 
Sjiccimens   of  Waikato  coal ;  di.Htance  from  Auckland 
85  miles,  and  10  miles  from  Manukau  Harbour. 

1 1  Taylor,  J. 

Six?cimens  of  the  copper  series  from  the  Kawau  Com- 
pany's mine,  Kawau. 

1  Kilias.  2  Gossan.  3  Copper  ore,  from  the  upper 
part  of  the  Lode.  4  Manganese^  found  near  the  C'oj)jH?r 
Ixxlc.  5  General  character  of  the  copper  ore.  6  Copper 
regulus.  No.  2.     7  Copper  regulun,  best,  No.  1. 

[It  should  be  explained  that  the  Kill€u  is  the  clay  sUte 
rock  in  which  these  minerab  occur.  Gouan  is  a  per- 
oxide of  iron,  derived  in  most  cases  from  the  decomposi- 
tion of  the  double  sulphuret  of  iron  and  copjwr,  and  ordi- 
narily found  ujwn  the  "  backs"  of  lodes.  In  many  cases 
the  gossans  have  been  found  to  contain  considerable 
quantititm  of  silver. — R.  H.] 

12  Reeve,  J. 

Specimens  of  copper  ore  from  Messrs.  Whitakcr  and 
HeaVs  mine,  Kawau. 

1  Yellow  ore.    2  Blue  ore. 

[Tlie  yellow  ore  is  copper  pyrites,  that  is,  a  sulphuret 


of  iron  combined  with  sulphuret  of  copper,  and  the  term 
blue  ore  is  sometimes  apphed  to  the  true  sulphuret  of 
copper,  called  also  grey  ore,  and  to  the  blue  carbonate  of 
copper. — R.  H.] 

13  Lewis,  T. 

Specimens  of  copper  ore. 

Specimens  from  Groat  Barrier  Island  Mine,  85  miles 
N.N.E.  of  Auckknd. 


14  Smith,  J.  A. 

Two  specimens  from  Brodie's  mine,  Mongonui,  100  miles 
to  the  northward  of  Auckland. 

Specimen  of  iron  sand,  obtained  in  large  quantities  in 
Cooper's  Bay,  Auckland. 

Specimen  of  sulphur,  from  White  Island,  Bay  of  Plenty, 
on  tne  east  coast  of  the  Northern  Island,  New  Zealand. 


15 


Meuraitt,  E. 

Specimen  of  pumioe  stone,  from  the  banks  of  the  river 
Waikato. 

16  Browk,  W. 

Specimen  of  Kauri  gum,  obtainable  in  any  quantity  in 
the  nortliem  part  of  New  Zealand,  ranging  nt>m  20  miles 
south  of  Auckland  to  the  North  Cape. 

17  Qreeitwood,  W. 
Specimens  of  building  stone : — 

Scoria  from  the  Ticinity  of  Auckland,  obtainable  in 
any  quantity.  Stone  from  Matakana,  15  miles  from 
Auckbmd  :  brought  to  Auckland  in  blocks  of  large  size, 
and  used  in  the  Ordnance  buildings. 

18  Browk,  W. 

Specimen  of  limestone,  from  Wangarei,  60  miles  to  the 
northward  of  AuckUind. 


19  Smith,  J.  A. 

Specimens  of  Roman  cement  stone,  foimd  in  largo 
quantities  on  the  banks  of  the  TamakL 

Specimen  of  sharks'  fins,  which  can  be  obtained  in  largo 
quantities,  and  are  suited  for  the  China  market  for  a 
native  basket  or  kit. 

Specimens  of  flax  seed  and  orchiUa  weed : — 

1  Flax  seed  (Phormium  tenax)  for  oiL 

2  Orchilla  weed,  collected  in  the  vicinity  of  Auckland. 


20  Balneayis,  Lieut.  H.  C,  H.M.  58th  Begt. 
Specimen  of  a  New  Zealand  war  pah,  on  a  scale  of  half 

an  inch  to  six  feet. 

2 1  Johnson,  J. 
Specimens  of  New  Zealand  furniture  woods  : — 

1  Kauri  (Dammar^  AuJttralii).  2  Rimu  {Vacrydimm 
cupresnnurn),  3  llakehake.  4  HakerautangL  5  MataL 
G  Kakikatea  (Dacrydium  exceUum),  7  Rewa  rewa 
{Knifjhtia  exceUa),  8  I'ohutukawa.  9  Wairangi  pirau 
(or  New  Zealand  sandal  wood).  10  Manuka  (tea  tree). 
11  Totora  (Podocarput  totara).  12  Hakerautangi.  13 
Kobe,  li  Hinau.  15  Tanekaha  {Phyllodadus  Irieko- 
maniodes). 

22  The  Waikato  Coal  Committbb,  Amekland, 
Specimen  of  coal,  weigldng  2  cwt. 

2.3  PrBCHAS,  Rev.  A. 

Specimens  of  iron  ore  and  limestone. 

1  Iron  ore,  from  Manukau. 

2  Limestone,  from  Kawhia. 

24  Low  &  Motion. 

Specimen  of  native  grown  maize. 
Specimen  of  Maori  wheat  and  flour. 


1002 


NEW  ZEALAND. 


I 


25  Cabadus,  J. 

Specimens  of  New  Zealand  flax  (PhomUum  tenax). 
1  New  Zealand  flax,  hackled.     2  Net  twine.    3  Shop 
twine.    4  Fishing  line.     5  Hand  lead-line.    6  Marline. 

26  Kino,  Miss,  New  Plymouth, 

Beticule,  made  of  Now  Zealand  flax  (Phormium  ienax)^ 
dyed  from  New  Zealand  woods,  the  pattern  and  work 
copied  from  the  mat  of  a  New  Zealander. 

27  LlQAB,  C. 

Model  of  White  Island,  New  Zealand.    In  natiye  snl- 
phur.     On  a  scale  of  10  inches  to  a  mile. 
Also  a  drawing  of  the  place,  by  C.  Heaphj. 

28  Tykrbl,  J.,  Professor. 
Specimens  of  native  flax  and  wooL 

29  Skith.  J.  A. 

Specimen  of  oil,  from  the  hump-backed  whale,  caught 
at  the  Bay  of  Plenty.  The  sperm  and  black  whales  are 
also  caugnt  in  New  Zealand ;  but  the  bottles  containing 
the  specmiens  of  their  oil  haye  been  broken. 

30  McLeod,  B. 

Specimens  of  manganese,  from  Brown  and  Campbell's 
land  at  Waihaka,  15  miles  from  Auckland. 

31  Specimen  of  flour  presented  by  the  natives  of  Ran- 
giarwhia,  from  wheat  grown  by  Maories,  and  ground  by 
their  own  mills  (turned  by  water). 

32  Whitelt,  Rev.  J. 

Specimen  of  a  native  box  of  papa  mahuara,  in  which  the 
natives  keep  their  head  dresses. 

33  Tatlob,  T.  E. 

The  grub  of  "  Sphinx  "  destroyed  by  a  vegetable  fungus 
found  under  the  rata  tree. 

[It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that,  in  the  instance  mentioned, 
which  is  one  of  not  uncommon  occurrence,  and  in  others 
which  are  on  record,  the  powers  of  animal  vitality  have 
been  overcome  by  those  of  vegetable  organization.  The 
fungus  in  question  penetrates  into  the  entire  body  of  the 
insect,  ramifying  to  the  very  extremity  of  its  most  delicate 
and  slender  organs.  For  a  time  the  insect  lives  with  its 
diseased  part,  but  ultimately  it  dies  a  victim  to  the  active 
development  of  the  fungus. — R.  E.] 

34  WnxTLAW  &  Son. 
Specimen  of  flax,  cleaned  by  machinery. 

35  BotrENE,  W. 

Specimen  of  iron-casting.  The  first  casting  at  Auck- 
land Foundry,  18th  December,  1850,  cast  from  iron-sand 
found  in  Cooper's  Bay. 

36  MoLeod,  R. 

Specimen  of  salted  mullet ;  can  be  obtained  in  great 
quantities,  and  well  suited  for  India  and  China  markets. 


37         MooEE,  F.  a.,  30  Arundel  Street,  Strand, 

Proprietor. 

Lithographic  picture  of  a  native  village,  or  Pah,  in  New 

Zealand,  situated  in  Cook's  Straits.     The  figiures  in  the 

foreground  are  all  portraits,  and  tlie  original  large  picture 

now  in  London  was  painted  in  the  colony.     Tlus  picture 


is  fidthfully   descriptive  of  a   portion   of  the 
scenery  of  New  Zealand,  and  of  the  habits  aud 
of  the  natives.     It  is  a  valuable  record  of  the  earl 
of  the  colony,  by  Professor  G-ilfillan. 

Six  water-colour  drawings  and  six  steel  engr 
New  Zealand  subjects. 

Four  native  mats  or  garments. 

One  greenstone  Mari  or  chiefs  club.  Three  s 
of  greenstone. 

One  carved  box.  One  war-club.  Native  £L 
and  fishing-hooks.  Two  bottles  of  inserts.  Spe< 
native  grassy.     Large  map  of  New  2iealand. 

38  Abticles  forwarded  from  Wellington^  Xev  1 

by  the  "Lord  William  Bentinck." 

Table-top  composed  of  19  specimens  of  Tarana] 
as  per  diagram  accompanying  same. 

Sample  of  Mokau  coal. 

Native  basket  containing  four  hanks  of  flax,  t 
one  (black)  with  the  hinau. 

Flax  fishing-line  and  saddle-girth,  native  madt 

Parcel,  10  baskets  made  of  kie  kie,  and  dyed  wi 

Puriri,  or  iron  wood.    Rimu.    Mairi.    Miro. 

New  Plymouth  iron-sand  in  its  natural  state,  u 

Packet  containing  a  substance  collected  from 
in  the  town  of  New  Plymouth,  supposed  to  be  \ 
very  pure  state. 

Barley  from  T.  Renwick,  Nelson. 

Malt  made  and  hops  grown  by  Hooper  and  C^ 

Barley  and  hops  grown  by  H.  Martin. 

Totara  wood.     Flax. 

Coal  from.  Massacre  Bay,  taken  from  an  open  ] 
beach  about  eight  feet  deep,  exposed  to  the  acti 
sea ;  the  seam  Ib  5  feet  thick,  and  has  a  dip  of  abc 

Limestone,  from  same  place  as  coal. 

Native  fish-hook,  made  with  a  sheU  only.      Ni 

Box  of  sundries,  list  enclosed,  Rev.  R.  Taylor. 

Footstool,  embroidered  with  New  Zealand 
Cameron. 

Specimens  of  dyed  flax,  R.  Cameron. 

Specimens  of  cleaned  flax  in  various  stages. 

Leather  tanned  in  Wellington  with  New  ZeaL 
rials  exclusively. 

Baskets  made  of  kareac. 

Baskets  made  of  willow  grown  in  the  Kent  « 
green  moss,  from  the  harbour  of  Port  NicboUon, 
by  Colonel  McClevcrty. 

Flax,  prepared  by  /.  Duncan. 

Native  knives,  formerly  used  for  cannibal  piui 

Picture  of  Port  Victoria,  in  frame  of  New- 
wood,  R.  Hart. 

Hat  of  native  manufacture,  and  slings  use 
natiyes  for  carrying  burdens. 

39  Malt  and  hops,  made  and  grown  by  Htwpt 
Coals  from  Massoerc  Bay,  ta^en  from  an  oj 

the  beach. 

Sandstone,  native  fishfork  and  net. 
Specimens  of  dyed  flax,  tanned  leather. 

40  Lucas,  R.,  &  Co.,  35  South  Audley  Str^ 
Specimens  of  New  Zealand  woods  : — Octagt^u 

veneered  with  11  specimens  of  New  Zt>alaiid  v 
sofa  table,  top  veneered  x^-ith  three  8|MX'inion: 
Zealand  wood^.  A  small  circular  inlaid  t«l)le 
twisted  colimins,  carved  claws,  &.c.  A  what- 
twisted  colunms,  veneered  with  three  sptvinun 
Zealand  woods.  A  what-not,  with  tw-i5tc*d 
veneered  with  one  specimen  of  New  Zt^-aland 
papitierc,  with  liinged  flap  and  sliding  screen  j^i: 
with  green  silk,  &c. 


y 


o 


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I 


3^*^  02 


The  borrower  must  return  this  item  on  or  before 
the  last  date  stamped  below.  If  another  user 
places  a  recall  for  this  item,  the  borrower  will 
be  notified  of  the  need  for  an  earher  return. 

Non-receipt  of  overdue  notices  does  not  exempt 
the  borrower  from  overdue  fines. 


Harvard  College  Widener  Library 
Cambridge,  MA  02138        617-495-2413 


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